title: Standardized Herbal Formula PM012 Decreases Cognitive Impairment and Promotes Neurogenesis in the 3xTg AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease for which there is currently no effective treatment. This study investigated whether treatment with the herbal formula PM012 would improve the cognitive function and the pathological features of AD in 3xTg-AD mice. The cognitive function of 3xTg-AD mice was assessed using the Morris water maze test and positron-emission tomography (PET) with 18 F-2 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F-18] FDG) neuroimaging. The levels of the amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits in the hippocampus were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Neurogenesis was assessed by quantitative labeling with the DNA marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and the newborn neuron marker doublecortin (DCX). PM012 treatment significantly ameliorated memory deficit in AD mice, as shown by shortened escape latencies and increased time spent in the target zone during probe tests. In addition, PM012 significantly decreased Aβ deposits, up-regulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), increased neurogenesis, and improved brain glucose metabolism in the 3xTg-AD mice. These results suggest that PM012 could be a promising treatment for AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Minsook
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hwan-Suck
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medical Science Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences University of Science & Technology, #215-4 Gongneug-dong, Nowon-ku, Seoul, 139-241, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: A Ram
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences University of Science & Technology, #215-4 Gongneug-dong, Nowon-ku, Seoul, 139-241, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Manho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Hospital of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Medical Center, #1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seunghun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Insop
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea. hbae@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyunsu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0299-3582
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C000714847:Dcx protein, mouse; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; C000625963:PM012 preparation; D005947:Glucose
keywords: 3xTg AD; Alzheimer’s disease; Beta-amyloid; Neurogenesis; PET; PM012