title: Expression of inflammation-related miRNAs in white blood cells from subjects with metabolic syndrome after 8 wk of following a Mediterranean diet-based weight loss program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a dietary strategy for weight loss (the RESMENA [reduction of metabolic syndrome in Navarra, Spain] diet) on the expression of inflammation-related microRNAS (miRNAs) and genes in white blood cells (WBC) from individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics of 40 individuals with MetS (20 men and 20 women; age: 48.84 ± 10.02 y; body mass index: 35.41 ± 4.42 kg/m(2)) were evaluated before and after an 8-wk hypocaloric diet based on the Mediterranean dietary pattern. Nutrient intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire and 48-h weighed food records. Total RNA was isolated from WBC and the expression of some inflammation-related miRNAs and mRNAs (IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, IL-18, SERPINE1, VCAM-1, GAPDH) was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RESMENA nutritional intervention improved most anthropometric and biochemical features. The expression of miR-155-3p was decreased in WBC, whereas Let-7b was strongly upregulated as a consequence of the dietary treatment. However, they were not correlated with the expression of the proinflammatory genes in the same cells. The changes in the expression of let-7b, miR-125b, miR-130a, miR-132-3p, and miR-422b were significantly associated with changes in diet quality when assessed by the Healthy Eating Index. Moreover, low consumption of lipids and saturated fat (g/d) were associated with higher expression of let-7b after the nutritional intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Mediterranean-based nutritional intervention was able to induce changes in the expression of let-7b and miR-155-3p in WBC from patients with MetS after 8 wk. Moreover, the quality of the diet has an important effect on the miRNAs expression changes. These results should be highlighted because these miRNAs have been associated with inflammatory gene regulation and important human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: José Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Marques-Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Fermin I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Milagro
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mansego
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zulet
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bressan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jalfmtz@unav.es.
authors.forename: J Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013030:Spain; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015431:Weight Loss; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007378:Interleukins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Inflammation; Let-7b; miR-130a; miR-132-3p; miR-155; microRNA