title: Morphological and Functional Hip Long-Term Results after Exstrophy Repair.
abstract: IntroductionAbnormalities of the bony pelvis in exstrophy-epispadias complex (EEC) and their possible relation to hip disease are well described. However, there is a lack of information about long-term orthopedic consequences and hip function in patients with EEC. Therefore, we investigated clinical and radiological results in an EEC patient cohort after long-term follow-up.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using standardized radiography, clinical investigation, and the Harris hip score. Seventeen postpuberty consecutive unselected EEC patients (3 female, 14 male; mean age 18.2 years) that presented to our clinic due to urological procedures or routine check-up from 2010 to 2011 were included. All had undergone symphysis approximation with a traction bandage without osteotomy in early childhood. Radiological analysis was conducted offline by two independent investigators.ResultsRadiological analysis showed a mean pubic diastasis of 5.1 cm (range 2.8-8.5 cm). Borderline hip dysplasia was present in four patients, one of them having had co-occurring developmental hip dysplasia in previous history. No severe dysplasia, subluxation, or luxation of the hip was found; however, one patient showed early hip arthrosis. Clinical examination revealed no relevant restriction of range of motion, although rotation and abduction were slightly altered in five patients. None of the EEC patients complained about pain or restriction in sports or daily activities. Harris hip score was perfect for all but one study participants.ConclusionDespite EEC-specific hip morphology, long-term hip function is not impaired in patients after symphyseal approximation without osteotomy in the newborn period. The symphysis diastasis after this procedure is comparable to available postosteotomy data. The large majority of EEC patients did not show dysplastic or degenerative hip disease. Functional hip score results confirmed reasonable age-related hip function in nearly all examined patients. However, postnatal ultrasound hip screening is recommended to prevent and adequately treat potential co-occurring developmental hip dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Klinik St. Hedwig, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael Amir
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kertai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urulogy, Klinik St. Hedwig, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Rösch
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brandl
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Orthopaedics, Klinikum Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirschfelder
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer and Research Center Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zwink
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne Karoline
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ebert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004842:Epispadias / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011631:Pubic Symphysis / Q000002:abnormalities*; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D014143:Traction / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult