title: Effect of normal sperm morphology rate (NSMR) on clinical outcomes and fertilization methods selection in the ultra-short-term GnRH-a protocol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can improve the clinical outcomes of the male patients with teratozoospermia in the ultra-short term GnRH-a protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on different normal sperm morphology rate (NSMR), the patients were divided into three groups as follows: NSMR = 0% group, 1% ≤NSMR <4% group and NSMR ≥4% group. Each group was compared with two fertilization type of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and ICSI separately. Main outcomes compared were normal fertilization, high-quality embryo, transferrable embryo, implantation, pregnancy and abortion rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that the total clinical pregnancy rate in single cleavage-stage embryo transfer (SET) group was significantly lower compared with double cleavage-stage embryo transfer (DET) group (23.87% versus 40.08%; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the aspects of female age, endometrial thickness, infertility duration and the number of retrieved oocytes among three groups (p > 0.05). The normal fertilization, high-quality embryo, transferrable embryo, implantation, pregnancy and abortion rate of IVF and ICSI showed no significant difference among three groups (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICSI cannot improve clinical outcomes of the patients with teratozoospermia in the ultra-short term GnRH-a protocol.
authors.affiliation: a The ART Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an , China.
authors.forename: Mingzhao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a The ART Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an , China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: a The ART Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an , China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: a The ART Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an , China.
authors.forename: Wanqiu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a The ART Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an , China.
authors.forename: Silin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a The ART Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an , China.
authors.forename: Juanzi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
keywords: Pregnancy; sperm morphology; ultra-short term GnRH-a protocol