title: In vitro anti-foot-and-mouth disease virus activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles.
abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals that can lead to huge economic losses in the livestock production. No antiviral therapies are available for treating FMD virus (FMDV) infections in animals. The antiviral effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) on the FMDV were investigated in cell culture. The viability of the cells after MgO NP treatment was determined using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The direct effects of MgO NPs on the FMDV in extracellular (virucidal assay) and also different stages of virus replication (antiviral assay) were evaluated by plaque reduction assay. The results showed that MgO NPs were safe at concentrations up to 250 µg/ml in the Razi Bovine kidney cell line. The treatments with NPs indicated that the MgO NPs exerted in vitro virucidal and antiviral activities. Plaque reduction assay revealed that MgO NPs can inhibit FMDV by more than 90% at the early stages of infection such as attachment and penetration but not after penetration. The results of this study suggested that NPs might be applied locally as an antiviral agent in early stages of infection in susceptible animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Shahid Chamran, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Solmaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rafiei
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Shahid Chamran, Ahvaz, Iran. e.tofighi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Seyedeh Elham
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rezatofighi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Shahid Chamran, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Roayaei
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ardakani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Madadgar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D008277:Magnesium Oxide