title: TWO CASES OF ACUTE ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER INTRAVITREAL DEXAMETHASONE IMPLANT INJECTION.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present two cases of acute endophthalmitis after intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection and discuss the management of intravitreal implant-associated endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients, who underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection for macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy in one and branch retinal vein occlusion in the other, were admitted with decreased vision, pain, and redness in their treated eyes, 3 days and 5 days after the injection, respectively. The clinical findings of both patients were consistent with acute endophthalmitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After obtaining aqueous and vitreous samples, the patients were treated with intravitreal antibiotic injection and topical fortified antibiotics. Both patients revealed favorable clinical response and functional vision was recovered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravitreal dexamethasone implant-associated endophthalmitis is an uncommon and a challenging situation. Intravitreal antibiotics may lead to favorable visual outcomes without the need for a pars plana vitrectomy and implant removal in selected cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esen
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sizmaz
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Demircan
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone