title: Lateral Brow Lift: A Multi-Point Suture Fixation Technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Descent of the lateral aspect of the brow is one of the earliest signs of aging. The purpose of this study was to describe an open surgical technique for lateral brow lifts, with the goal of achieving reliable, predictable, and long-lasting results.
  
  
  METHODS
  An incision was made behind and parallel to the temporal hairline, and then extended deeper through the temporoparietal fascia to the level of the deep temporal fascia. Dissection was continued anteriorly on the surface of the deep temporal fascia and subperiosteally beyond the temporal crest, to the level of the superolateral orbital rim. Fixation of the lateral brow and tightening of the orbicularis oculi muscle was achieved with the placement of sutures that secured the tissue directly to the galea aponeurotica on the lateral aspect of the incision. An additional fixation was made between the temporoparietal fascia and the deep temporal fascia, as well as between the temporoparietal fascia and the galea aponeurotica. The excess skin in the temporal area was excised and the incision was closed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 519 patients were included in the study. Satisfactory lateral brow elevation was obtained in most of the patients (94.41%). The following complications were observed: total relapse (n=8), partial relapse (n=21), neurapraxia of the frontal branch of the facial nerve (n=5), and limited alopecia in the temporal incision (n=9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We consider this approach to be a safe and effective procedure, with long-lasting results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, IASO Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foustanos
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, IASO Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Drimouras
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, IASO Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Panagiotopoulos
keywords: Eyebrow; Rejuvenation; Surgery, plastic; Sutures