title: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of propranolol, timolol maleate, and the combination of the two, in the treatment of superficial infantile haemangiomas.
abstract: Our aim was to compare in a prospective study the clinical effects and safety of propranolol given orally, timolol maleate applied locally, and the combination of the two, in the management of superficial infantile haemangiomas. Thirty-nine patients with superficial infantile haemangiomas were randomised into three equal groups of 13 each: the first given timolol maleate applied topically together with propranolol given orally, the second given only propranolol orally, and the third given only timolol maleate topically. Photographs were taken before, and periodically after, starting treatment. A minimum of 50% improvement was considered to be effective. The maximum duration of treatment was planned for 6 months, and the patients were followed up for 3-12 months. The overall rate of clinical effectiveness for the three groups was 11/13, 9/13, and 8/13, respectively. The two drugs together had a shorter effective response time than when they were given separately. There were no serious adverse effects. We therefore conclude that timolol maleate given topically together with propranolol given orally is safe and effective in the treatment of superficial infantile haemangiomas. Compared with simple medication, this method is more rapid, has an appreciable effect, takes a shorter time, and has fewer adverse reactions. It could be used as a first-line treatment, particularly if the lesion is potentially disfiguring or functionally threatening such as large periocular superficial haemangiomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address: gonghe0606@126.com.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address: 532929211@qq.com.
authors.forename: Da-peng
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address: 18640428455@163.com.
authors.forename: Yue-xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address: 50058859@qq.com.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address: 527125260@qq.com.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province, PR China. Electronic address: wangxukai757892@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xu-Kai
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011433:Propranolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D013999:Timolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013999:Timolol; D011433:Propranolol
keywords: Infantile haemangiomas; Propranolol; Timolol maleate