title: An Analysis of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Dimensions for the Existence of Golden Proportion: Clinical Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Appearance of the face is a great concern to everyone, as it is a significant part of self-image. The study analyzed the clinical crown dimensions of the maxillary anterior teeth with respect to their apparent mesiodistal widths, width-to-height ratio to determine whether golden proportion existed among the South Indian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 240 dentulous subjects were chosen for the study (120 males and 120 females) age ranging between 18 and 28 years. Full face and anterior teeth images of the subjects were made on specially designed device resembling a face-bow, mounted onto the wall under a standard light source. The width and height of the maxillary central incisors were measured on the stone casts using a digital caliper.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean perceived maxillary lateral incisor to central incisor width ratio was 0.67 in males and 0.703 in females. The mean perceived maxillary canine to lateral incisor width ratio was 0.744 in males and 0.714 in females. The mean width-to-height ratio of the maxillary central incisor was 79.49% in males and 79.197% in females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The golden proportion was not found between perceived mesiodistal widths of maxillary central and lateral incisors and nor between perceived mesiodistal widths of maxillary lateral incisors and canines. In the majority of subjects, the width-to-height ratio of maxillary central incisor was within 75-80%. There are no statistically significant differences in maxillary anterior teeth proportions between males and females. The results may serve as guidelines for treatment planning in restorative dentistry and periodontal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Nalla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sandeep
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Parth
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Satwalekar
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, VYWS Dental College and Hospital, Amaravathi, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Siva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srinivas
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Career Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Chandra Sekhar
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: G Ramaswamy
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: B Anantha
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Reddy
keywords: Clinical crown; dental esthetics; epidemiology; esthetics; golden proportion; smile; tooth display