title: The Tricky Tear Trough: A Review of Topical Cosmeceuticals for Periorbital Skin Rejuvenation.
abstract: There is a growing demand for noninvasive anti-aging products for which the periorbital region serves as a critical aspect of facial rejuvenation. This article reviews a multitude of cosmeceutical ingredients that have good scientific data, specifically for the periorbital region. Topical treatment options have exponentially grown from extensively studied retinoids, to recently developed technology, such as growth factors and peptides. With a focus on the periorbital anatomy, the authors review the mechanisms of action of topical cosmeceutical ingredients, effectiveness of ingredient penetration through the stratum corneum, and validity of clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Azeal Dermatology Institute, Boulder, Colorado.
authors.forename: Stacey J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Pilkington
authors.affiliation: University Hospitals Regional Hospitals, Traditional Rotating Intern, Richmond Heights, Ohio.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belden
authors.affiliation: Azeal Dermatology Institute, Boulder, Colorado.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Miller