title: Simultaneous determination of eight underivatised biogenic amines in fish by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: Biogenic amines on fish tissue are formed as a result of bacterial contamination and spoilage during storage. A new method based on liquid chromatography (LC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using a triple quadrupole (QqQ) analyser was developed for the analysis of eight biogenic amines (cadaverine, histamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, spermine, spermidine, tyramine and tryptamine) in fish tissues. Sample preparation was performed by extraction with trichloroacetic acid 5% and solid phase extraction clean up with STRATA X cartridge. The MS/MS method was validated and compared with a method based on the analysis of dansyl derivatives by LC and fluorescence detector (FD). MS/MS achieved higher sensitivity (from 0.02mgkg(-1) for spermidine and phenylethylamine to 0.2mgkg(-1) for spermine) when compared to FD (from 1mgkg(-1) for putrescine and tyramine to 4mgkg(-1) for histamine); MS/MS method showed higher precision too, with intraday relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 1% to 4% with respect to those obtained with FD method (from 3% to 17%). Recovery study was conducted at two different fortification levels and the average ranged from 71% to 93% for all of the studied compounds with RSDs lower than 18%. Matrix-matched standards were used to counteract matrix effect observed in MS/MS determination. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by the analysis of biogenic amines in fish obtained from commercials of Valencia.
authors.affiliation: Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sagratini
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain. Electronic address: monica.fernandez@uv.es.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández-Franzón
authors.affiliation: Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Berardinis
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Font
authors.affiliation: Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vittori
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Bromatologia i Toxicologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mañes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines
keywords: Biogenic amines; Fish; Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry; Solid phase extraction