title: Morphological aspects and physical properties of enamel and dentine of Sus domesticus: A tooth model in laboratory research.
abstract: This study aims to describe and analyze morphological and physical properties of deciduous teeth of Sus domesticus. Ultrastructural analysis, mineral composition and microhardness of enamel and dentine tissues were performed on 10 skulls of S. domesticus. External anatomic characteristics and the internal anatomy of the teeth were also described. Data regarding microhardness and ultrastructural analysis were subjected to statistical tests. For ultrastructural analysis, we used the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc (p≤0.05) test. In the analysis of microhardness, the difference between the enamel and dentine tissues was analyzed by a Student's t test. Values were expressed as mean with standard error. The results of ultrastructural analysis showed the presence of an enamel prism pattern. A dentinal tubule pattern was also observed, with a larger diameter in the pulp chamber and the cervical third, in comparison to middle and apical thirds. We observed an average microhardness of 259.2kgf/mm(2) for enamel and 55.17kgf/mm(2) for dentine. In porcine enamel and dentine, the chemical elements Ca and P showed the highest concentration. The analysis of internal anatomy revealed the presence of a simple root canal system and the occurrence of main canals in the roots. The observed features are compatible with the functional demand of these animals, following a pattern very similar to that seen in other groups of mammals, which can encourage the development of research using dental elements from the pig as a substitute for human teeth in laboratory research.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathalia Carolina Fernandes
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Fagundes
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miquéias André Gomes
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mayara Sabrina Luz
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raira de Brito
authors.initials: Rde B
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Bruno
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bárbara Catarina Lima
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Brenna Magdalena Lima
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sara Elisama Silva
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natacha Malu Miranda
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Street Augusto Corrêa n. 1, Guamá, Belém-Pará 66075-900, Brazil. Electronic address: rafaelrodrigueslima@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Rafael Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003804:Dentin / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006244:Hardness; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Anatomy; Deciduous; Histology; Swine; Tooth