title: Symptoms of anxiety and depression in school-aged children with active epilepsy: A population-based study.
abstract: METHODS
  Children (5-15 years) with active epilepsy were screened using the parent-report (n=69) and self-report (n=48) versions of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and the self-report version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) (n=48) in a population-based sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 32.2% of children (self-report) and 15.2% of children (parent-report) scored ≥1 SD above the mean on the SCAS total score. The subscales where most difficulty were reported on parent-report were Physical Injury and Separation Anxiety. There was less variation on self-report. On the CDI, 20.9% of young people scored ≥1 SD above the mean. Children reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety on the SCAS total score and three of the subscales (p<.05). There was a significant effect on the SCAS total score of respondents by seizure type interaction, suggesting higher scores on SCAS for children with generalized seizures on self- but not parent-report. Higher CDI scores were significantly associated with generalized seizures (p>.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptoms of anxiety were more common based on self-report compared with parent-report. Children with generalized seizures reported more symptoms of depression and anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey RH7 6PW, UK; Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Kungsgatan 12, Gothenburg, Sweden. Electronic address: creilly@youngepilepsy.org.uk.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.affiliation: Child Development Centre, Crawley Hospital, West Green Drive, Crawley, RH11 7DH West Sussex, UK.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.affiliation: Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Edinburgh Neurosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey RH7 6PW, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK; Institute of Child Health University College London, UK.
authors.forename: Krishna B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Kungsgatan 12, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gillberg
authors.affiliation: Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK; Institute of Child Health University College London, UK.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Aylett
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey RH7 6PW, UK.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Burch
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK; Institute of Child Health University College London, UK.
authors.forename: Rod C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Young Epilepsy, Lingfield, Surrey RH7 6PW, UK; Institute of Child Health University College London, UK.
authors.forename: Brian G R
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Neville
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001010:Anxiety, Separation / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D011153:Population; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D057566:Self Report
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants
keywords: Anxiety; Children; Depression; Epilepsy