title: Expression pattern of sonic hedgehog signaling and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the socket healing process after tooth extraction.
abstract: Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), a neural development inducer, plays a significant role in the bone healing process. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide marker of sensory nerves, has been demonstrated to affect bone formation. The roles of SHH signaling and CGRP-positive sensory nerves in the alveolar bone formation process have been unknown. Here we examined the expression patterns of SHH signaling and CGRP in mouse socket by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis. We found that the expression level of SHH peaked at day 3 and was then decreased at 5 days after tooth extraction. CGRP, PTCH1 and GLI2 were each expressed in a similar pattern with their highest expression levels at day 5 and day 7 after tooth extraction. CGRP and GLI2 were co-expressed in some inflammatory cells and bone forming cells. In some areas, CGRP-positive neurons expressed GLI2. In conclusion, SHH may affect alveolar bone healing by interacting with CGRP-positive sensory neurons and thus regulate the socket's healing process after tooth extraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan; Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, PR China.
authors.forename: Pai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. Electronic address: shimotsu@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Norie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibaragi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D000072081:Patched-1 Receptor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D000075746:Zinc Finger Protein Gli2
chemical_list: C000618551:Gli2 protein, mouse; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D000072081:Patched-1 Receptor; C000606240:Ptch1 protein, mouse; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C465570:Shh protein, mouse; D000075746:Zinc Finger Protein Gli2; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide; Sonic hedgehog; Tooth extraction