title: S100A9 Tetramers, Which are Ligands of CD85j, Increase the Ability of MVAHIV-Primed NK Cells to Control HIV Infection.
abstract: Natural killer (NK) cells are the major antiviral effector population of the innate immune system. We previously found that S100A9 is a novel ligand of the receptor CD85j and that S100A9 tetramers enhance the anti-HIV activity of NK cells. Also, we found that dendritic cells (DCs) infected by the HIV vaccine candidate, MVAHIV, prime NK cells to specifically control HIV infection in autologous CD4(+) T cells. In this study, we analyzed whether stimulation of NK cells by S100A9 tetramers prior to the priming by MVAHIV-infected DCs modulates the subsequent anti-HIV activity of NK cells. We found that S100A9 tetramers activate NK cells and that DCs enhance the anti-HIV activity of NK cells. Interestingly, we observed that stimulation of NK cells by S100A9 tetramers, prior to the priming, significantly increased the subsequent anti-HIV activity of NK cells and that the enhanced anti-HIV activity was observed following different conditions of priming, including the MVAHIV-priming. As S100A9 tetramers alone directly increase the anti-HIV activity of NK cells and as this increased anti-HIV activity is also observed following the interaction of NK cells with MVAHIV-infected DCs, we propose S100A9 tetramers as potential adjuvants to stimulate the anti-HIV activity of NK cells.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Uriel Y
authors.initials: UY
authors.lastname: Moreno-Nieves
authors.affiliation: Unité de Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Didier
authors.affiliation: INSERM U955, AP-HP, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Immunologie Clinique , Creteil , France.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lévy
authors.affiliation: Unité de Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barré-Sinoussi
authors.affiliation: Unité de Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scott-Algara
keywords: HIV-1; MVA-HIV; NK cell; S100A9; dendritic cell