title: Macroautophagy in Endogenous Processing of Self- and Pathogen-Derived Antigens for MHC Class II Presentation.
abstract: Although autophagy is a process that has been studied for several years its link with antigen presentation and T cell immunity has only recently emerged. Autophagy, which means "self-eating," is important to maintain cell homeostasis and refers to a collection of mechanisms that delivers intracellular material for degradation into lysosomes. Among them, macroautophagy pathway has many implications in different biological processes, including innate and adaptive immunity. In particular, macroautophagy can provide a substantial source of intracellular antigens for loading onto MHC class II molecules using the alternative MHC class II pathway. Through autophagosomes, endogenous self-antigens as well as antigens derived from intracellular pathogens can be delivered to MHC class II compartment and presented to CD4(+) T cells. The pathway will, therefore, impact both peripheral T cell tolerance and the pathogen specific immune response. This review will describe the contribution of autophagy to intracellular presentation of endogenous self- or pathogen-derived antigens via MHC class II and its consequences on CD4(+) T cell responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Fernanda V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Duraes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland ; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niven
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubrot
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hugues
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland ; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gannagé
keywords: CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; MHC class II; antigen presentation/processing; macroautophagy; tolerance mechanisms