title: Do non-monetary incentives for pregnant women increase antenatal attendance among Ethiopian pastoralists?
abstract: In a pastoralist setting in Ethiopia, we assessed changes in attendance between the first and subsequent antenatal care (ANC) visits following the implementation of non-monetary incentives in a primary health care centre over a 3-year period from October 2009 to September 2012. Incentives included the provision of a bar of soap, a bucket, a mosquito net, sugar, cooking oil, a jerrycan and a delivery kit. The first ANC visits increased by 48% in the first year to 60% in the second. Subsequent visits did not show a similar pattern due to ruptures in incentive stocks. Incentives appear to increase ANC attendance; however, ruptures in stock should be avoided to sustain the effect.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Operational Research Unit and Operations Department, Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khogali
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Operational Research Unit and Operations Department, Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zachariah
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Operational Research Unit and Operations Department, Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), MSF-Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.affiliation: MSF Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Alipon
authors.affiliation: MSF Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zimble
authors.affiliation: MSF Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gbane
authors.affiliation: Operational Centre Brussels, MSF Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Etienne
authors.affiliation: Operational Centre Brussels, MSF Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Veerman
authors.affiliation: MSF Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Harries
keywords: Ethiopia; antenatal care; incentives; operational research; pastoralists