title: Treatment of Parapelvic Cyst by Internal Drainage Technology Using Ureteroscope and Holmium Laser.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of parapelvic cyst treatment is to have complete drainage of cyst fluid and prevent its further compression of the kidney and collective system. This study explores the efficacy and safety of surgical approaches with holmium laser ureteroscopic internal drainage in the treatment of parapelvic cyst.
  
  
  METHODS
  The compression effect of parapelvic cyst on the renal collective system was observed by rigid ureteroscope using retrograde ureteroscopic technology. With direct vision, the cyst wall on the obvious parapelvic compression site was cut. The diameter of the cyst wall cut was about 1 cm. The internal drainage was obtained by double-J tubes. When the cyst was in the inferior pole of kidney or where the rigid ureteroscope could not reach, a flexible ureteroscope was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 28 cases of operation, 27 cases were successful. The cyst treatment time was eight to 40 minutes (average 26 minutes). During the operation, no massive haemorrhage, damage of nearby organ and ureter, or other complications happened. Time of follow-up was 10-72 months (average 39 months). The results of follow-up showed that in 22 cases, the cyst disappeared; the diameter of the cyst in four cases was reduced by more than half, and one case recurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of parapelvic cyst by internal drainage operation using holmium laser and ureteroscopy was effective. The operation was safe with few complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China. Drliu2014@163.com.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu