title: Soluble CD14: An Independent Biomarker for the Risk of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in a Setting of Preexposure and Postexposure Antiretroviral Prophylaxis.
abstract: Elevated soluble CD14 (sCD14) concentrations, a marker of monocyte activation, predicts adverse outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults. To examine the association of sCD14 concentrations with the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, we nested a case-control study (49 pairs of infants and their HIV-infected mothers) within the Six-Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine trial. Median peripartum maternal log2 sCD14 concentration was higher among transmitters (defined as pairs in which maternally transmitted HIV infection occurred by 12 months of age) than nontransmitters (20.29 pg/mL vs 19.41 pg/mL; P = .005). There was an increased odds of MTCT for every log2 increase in maternal sCD14 concentration, after adjustment for maternal HIV load, CD4 count and cART exposure (adjusted odds ratio, 3.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-10.21). Maternal monocyte activation may adversely influence the risk of MTCT of HIV.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Rupak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shivakoti
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site.
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jocelyn C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Uprety
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site.
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupte
authors.affiliation: Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhosale
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site.
authors.forename: Vidya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mave
authors.affiliation: Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site.
authors.forename: Sandesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site.
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.affiliation: Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Aarti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kinikar
authors.affiliation: Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bharadwaj
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College-Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Site.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bollinger
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Persaud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001942:Breast Feeding; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000821:virology; D056990:Post-Exposure Prophylaxis; D065129:Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
keywords: HIV; mother-to-child transmission; sCD14