title: Effects of Hypoxia on the Physiology of Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Initial Responses, Acclimation and Recovery.
abstract: Hypoxia often occurs in aquatic environments as dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration decrease to a level where it is detrimental to aquatic organisms. To investigate the effects of hypoxia on the physiology of zebrafishes (Danio rerio), the organisms were kept at normoxic conditions (DO: 8 ± 0.3 mg L(-1): control group) or were subjected to mild (DO: 3 ± 0.3 mg L(-1)) or severe hypoxia (DO: 1 ± 0.2 mg L(-1)) for 48 h and a subsequent restoration of oxygen concentrations (DO: 8 ± 0.3 mg L(-1)) for another 96 h at 25°C. We found that the enzyme activities show different initial responses, acclimation and recovery to severe hypoxia relative to normoxic conditions, but no significant difference was observed between normoxic conditions and mild hypoxia. The results suggest that zebrafishes can acclimate to the mild hypoxia (3 mg L(-1)) quickly but oxidative damage would occur when DO decreased below 1 mg L(-1). Our findings could be useful for water resource managers to set protection limits of DO for aquatic organisms.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
authors.forename: Yongfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria at Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. zhulin@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Antioxidant; Dissolved oxygen; Hypoxia; Respiratory enzyme; Resting metabolic; Zebrafish