title: Estimates of coextinction risk: how anuran parasites respond to the extinction of their hosts.
abstract: Amphibians are known as the most threatened vertebrate group. One of the outcomes of a species' extinction is the coextinction of its dependents. Here, we estimate the extinction risk of helminth parasites of South America anurans. Parasite coextinction probabilities were modeled, assuming parasite specificity and host vulnerability to extinction as determinants. Parasite species associated with few hosts were the most prone to extinction, and extinction risk varied amongst helminth species of different taxonomic groups and life cycle complexity. Considering host vulnerability in the model decreased the extinction probability of most parasites species. However, parasite specificity and host vulnerability combined to increase the extinction probabilities of 44% of the helminth species reported in a single anuran species.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: karla_mcamp@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Karla Magalhães
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Campião
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Computação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Augusto Cesar
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Aquino Ribas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cornell
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Begon
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Eduardo Roland
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Tavares
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000469:parasitology*; D053476:Extinction, Biological; D006376:Helminths / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D058507:Host Specificity; D015233:Models, Statistical; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013020:South America
keywords: Anura; Biodiversity; Coextinction; Host; Parasite; Specialist; Species loss