title: Lighting at computer workstations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The visual conditions for computer work are complex and include several factors that need to be well controlled. These factors include the lighting system, the design of the computer and screen itself, the screens position and orientation within the room, the surface reflectances and colours of the room, and the visualability of the worker.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to review the literature (including standards) on lighting for computer work in an accessible summary. This contribution focuses on lighting for computer work, but the reader is reminded of the fact that lighting continuously interacts with the other factors mentioned above.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined visual conditions shall enable the worker to see and perform the work task without causing unnecessary strain for the eyes or the other parts of the body. The main lighting-related factors in the visual environment to evaluate are: illuminance, luminance, direction of light, glare, correlated colour temperature of the light source (CCT), colour rendering of the light source, and the non-visual effects (such as non-visual flicker). A visual ergonomics checklist is presented as a guide to analyse the visual environment.
authors.affiliation: Lighting Design Research Laboratory, Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
authors.affiliation: Ergonomics, Design Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hillevi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hemphälä
authors.affiliation: School of Technology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nylén
mesh_terms: D001248:Asthenopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016288:Computer Terminals; D006804:Ergonomics; D019466:Glare / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007374:Interior Design and Furnishings; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects; D008029:Lighting / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011187:Posture
keywords: Illuminance; computer screen; computer work; luminance