title: Effect of Inducible Co-Stimulatory Molecule siRNA in Cerebral Infarction Rat Models.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  T cell-induced inflammatory response and related cytokine secretion at the injury site may participate in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction. Recent studies established inducible co-stimulatory molecule (ICOS) as a novel T cell-related factor for its activation and functions. We thus investigate the role of ICOS in cerebral infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The siRNA of ICOS was first used to suppress the gene expression in cultured lymphocytes. An in vivo study was then performed by intravenous application of ICOS siRNA in cerebral infarction rats. Survival rates, neurological scores, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-17 levels were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of ICOS in cultured lymphocytes was significantly suppressed by siRNA. In the in vivo study, the application of siRNA effectively lowered mortality rates of rats, in addition to the improvement of neurological behaviors and amelioration of cerebral tissue damage. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-17 were all significantly suppressed after siRNA injection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICOS siRNA can protect brain tissues from ischemia injuries after cerebral infarction, improve limb movement and coordination, lower the mortality rate of rats, and inhibit T cell-induced cytokines. These results collectively suggest the potential treatment efficacy of ICOS siRNA against cerebral infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yingquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Shengyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000473:pathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D060889:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C556695:Icos protein, rat; C515934:Il17a protein, rat; D060889:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D020381:Interleukin-17; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha