title: Ubiquitin-Dependent And Independent Signals In Selective Autophagy.
abstract: Selective autophagy regulates the abundance of specific cellular components via a specialized arsenal of factors, termed autophagy receptors, that target protein complexes, aggregates, and whole organelles into lysosomes. Autophagy receptors bind to LC3/GABARAP proteins on phagophore and autophagosome membranes, and recognize signals on cargoes to deliver them to autophagy. Ubiquitin (Ub), a well-known signal for the degradation of polypeptides in the proteasome, also plays an important role in the recognition of cargoes destined for selective autophagy. In addition, a variety of cargoes are committed to selective autophagy pathways by Ub-independent mechanisms employing protein-protein interaction motifs, Ub-like modifiers, and sugar- or lipid-based signals. In this article we summarize Ub-dependent and independent selective autophagy pathways, and discuss regulatory mechanisms and challenges for future studies.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Aliaksandr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khaminets
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Behl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: ivan.dikic@biochem2.de.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dikic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D006801:Humans; D059748:Proteolysis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000502:physiology*; D054875:Ubiquitination
chemical_list: D025801:Ubiquitin
keywords: LC3; UBL; autophagosome; autophagy receptor; disease.; post-translational modification