title: Atkins diet program rapidly decreases atherogenic index of plasma in trained adapted overweight men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Atkins diet program is a great example of the application of low carbohydrate diets for obesity, with the intention of weight loss and improvement in cardiovascular risk (CV risk). A good CV risk predictor is the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) calculated as log (TG/HDL [mmol]), which is strongly affected by serum triglycerides, which in turn is associated with the carbohydrate intake. This study determined the effect of the initial phase of Atkins diet program, consisting in 20 g/day of carbohydrate intake with positive urinary ketones measure, in AIP of 12 adult overweight trained adapted men. The AIP was calculated before and after intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 14 days, BMI and triglycerides decreased significantly, while HDL-C increased. No alterations were described in LDL plasmatic concentration. Prior to the diet, 58.3% of subjects presented high CV risk and after 14 days of the diet program only 33.3% of subjects were classified as high CV risk, while more than 66% were low CV risk. The intervention was effective in 11 of 12 participants. However, in one person the dietary intervention increased AIP index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initial phase of Atkins diet program could significantly decrease the AIP in 11 of 12 adult overweight trained adapted men. Dietary individual responses need to be more studied.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rennan de Oliveira
authors.initials: Rde O
authors.lastname: Caminhotto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Felipe Lucas Tavares da
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Natalie Carolina de
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Educação Física, Faculdade Clube Náutico Mogiano, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: João Pedro
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rogério Antonio Laurato
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sertié
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy*; D055070:Resistance Training; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007659:Ketones; D014280:Triglycerides