title: Disseminated Mycobacterium haemophilum skeletal disease in a patient with interferon-gamma deficiency.
abstract: Disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection is rare in immunocompetent adults. Anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) autoantibodies have recently been associated with NTM infections, particularly in patients of Asian ethnicity. We describe a case of disseminated Mycobacterium haemophilum skeletal infection due to anti IFN-γ autoantibodies in a 71-year-old Cambodian man. He responded to a combination of anti-mycobacterial antibiotics without requirement for immunomodulator therapy. Testing for acquired IFN-γ deficiency due to IFN-γ autoantibodies should be considered when standard tests for immunodeficiency are negative in patients with unusual or severe opportunistic infections, including NTM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Otome
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002160:Cambodia; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000172:deficiency*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018393:Mycobacterium haemophilum; D014394:Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Asian; IFN-gamma; Mycobacterium; immunodeficiency