title: The characteristics of camptocormia in patients with Parkinson's disease: A large cross-sectional multicenter study in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of the present study was to clarify the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of parkinsonian symptoms among patients with and without camptocormia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with camptocormia and 78 PD patients without camptocormia underwent a neurological examination, a blood test, and spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PD with camptocormia group and PD with non-camptocormia group were matched on age, age at PD onset, and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Camptocormia group had significantly higher prevalence of compression fractures, more severe parkinsonian symptoms, and a greater incidence of dementia than those without camptocormia. Serum creatine kinase levels in camptocormia group significantly elevated compared with non-camptocormia group. There were higher prevalence of abnormal findings in spine MRI including compression fractures and paravertebral muscle changes in camptocormia group compared with non-camptocormia group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Camptocormia is associated with a greater prevalence of compression fractures and associated with greater UPDRS part II, part III score, axial score, and lower MMSE in this cross-sectional study. Thus, it can be concluded that camptocormia in PD is predominantly myopathic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center,Nagasaki,Japan; Department of Neurology, Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center,Nagasaki,Japan. Electronic address: nakaneshunya@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shunya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sendai Nishitaga National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Iwaki National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nishi-Niigata Chuo National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Iwate Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Higashisaitama National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hyogo-Chuo National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Funakawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Higashi Nagoya National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inukai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Asahikawa Medical Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Miyazaki Higashi Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shioya
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Minami Kyushu Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center,Nagasaki,Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009134:Muscular Atrophy, Spinal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013121:Spinal Curvatures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Camptocormia; Incidence; Japan; Muscular atrophy, spinal; Neurologic examination; Parkinson's disease