title: Posterior Lumbar Stabilization Surgery under Spinal Anesthesia for High-Risk Patients with Degenerative Spondylolisthesis, Spinal Stenosis and Lumbar Compression Fracture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spinal anesthesia is an appropriate technique for lumbar spine surgeries of two to three hours duration. The aim of this study is to document our experience on spinal anesthesia administered to the patients with degenerative lumbar spine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 497 patients underwent spinal stabilization surgery with spinal anesthesia for degenerative lumbar spinal disorders in an 8-year period. Spinal anesthesia was performed at the L3-L4 or L4-L5 level and subarachnoid block was achieved with 15 mg of 0.5% plain bupivacaine with 2 μg of fentanyl and 0.2 mg of epinephrine. There was no failure of anesthesia. The patients were closely monitored for complications associated with the SA technique and especially hypotension and bradycardia but no gross alterations in cardiovascular stability were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 497 patients, 139 were male and 358 were female with a median age of 51 years. The average anesthesia duration was 130 minutes and the average operative time was 85 minutes. In the postoperative period 36 patients has nausea (7.2%) and 18 of them had vomiting (3.6%) that required one dose of antiemetic. No spinal headache was observed and 36 (7.2%) patients complained of urinary retention. All recovered with urinary cannulation within 24 hours. No respiratory complication occurred and no patient died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal anesthesia is a safe and effective procedure for the lumbar spinal stabilization surgery, especially in high-riskpatients. Proper precautions should be taken in order to achieve an effective anesthesia for these operations.
authors.affiliation: Bilgi Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yahya Cem
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Erbas
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pusat
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Zuleyha Kazak
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Bengisun
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdogan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D050815:Fractures, Compression / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000601:surgery*