title: Association of serum adiponectin level with albuminuria in chronic kidney disease patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin, a peptide hormone secreted from adipocytes, exerts anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to determine the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and albuminuria, and evaluate determinant factors for serum adiponectin in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 1442 CKD patients were included and divided into three groups according to their albumin-to-creatinine ratios: patients with normoalbuminuria (N = 228), microalbuminuria (N = 444), and macroalbuminuria (N = 761). Serum adiponectin was specifically assayed with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum adiponectin was significantly higher in patients with macroalbuminuria than in those without macroalbuminuria (9.7 ± 6.0, 12.4 ± 9.0, and 14.9 ± 11.0 μg/mL in patients with normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria, respectively). Univariate linear regression analysis showed that the serum adiponectin concentrations were correlated with age, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas they were negatively correlated with body mass index, the estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum albumin and triglyceride levels. The stepwise regression multiple analysis showed that sex; the estimated glomerular filtration rate; body mass index; total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels; and logarithm of the albumin-to-creatinine ratio were independently associated with the logarithm of serum adiponectin levels (r = 0.55, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum adiponectin concentrations are higher in patients with increasing albuminuria, and these levels are associated with renal insufficiency and lipid profiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea.
authors.forename: Ha Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hui
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Wan
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu Hun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Curie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea. skimw@chonnam.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Soo Wan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015415:Biomarkers; C584654:C1QTNF12 protein, human; D008055:Lipids; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Albuminuria; Chronic kidney disease; Serum adiponectin