title: Effects of Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) Phosphate on Growth, Reproduction, and Gene Transcription of Daphnia magna at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations.
abstract: The synthetic flame retardant tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) has been frequently detected in natural waters, and its maximum concentration ever reported is 377 ng/L. However, information on the adverse effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of TDCIPP on aquatic organisms are totally unknown. In this study, <12-h old water fleas, D. magna, were exposed to concentrations of 0, 65±7.1, 550±33, or 6500±1400 ng/L TDCIPP, and dose- and time-dependent effects on reproduction and development were evaluated. Sequences of genes of D. magna were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information and were used to develop PCR arrays for D. magna. Arrays were then used to study transcriptional responses of D. magna to TDCIPP. Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TDCIPP significantly decreased fecundity as well as length of F0 and F1 generations. Transcriptional responses showed that, of the 155 genes tested, expressions of 57 genes were significantly changed, and some changes occurred following exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (i.e., 65±7.1 and 550±23 ng/L). Furthermore, pathways related to protein synthesis and metabolism and endocytosis were considered to be significantly affected in a dose- and time-dependent manner and might be responsible for TDCIPP-induced reproductive and developmental toxicities.
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210089, China.|Department of Chemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Guanyong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Carleton University , Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Letcher
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210089, China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210089, China.|Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.|Department of Zoology and Centre for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Giesy
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Science , Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Bingsheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Chunsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003621:Daphnia / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012996:Solutions; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C016805:tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate