title: Robot-assisted laparoscopic resection of large retroperitoneal paraganglioma - initial experience from China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been only four cases of robot-assisted laparoscopic resection of retroperitoneal paraganglioma (PGL) in the literature. Here we present our experience on robot-assisted laparoscopic resection of large PGL in four patients to further evaluate its safety and efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  From March 2013 to January 2015, four patients with large PGL underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic resection. The tumors were located on the left side and adjacent to the aorta. Patients' demographics, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected, including intraoperative hemodynamic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all cases, the PGLs were successfully removed robotically without conversion to open surgery and no intraoperative or postoperative complication occurred. The operative time ranged from 58-113 min, and estimated blood loss ranged from 50-350 mL. There were no significant intraoperative hemodynamic instabilities. The postoperative hospital stay ranged from 4-6 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the advantages of robotic system, robot-assisted resection of large retroperitoneal PGL is feasible, safe and efficient. The robotic system has the potential to expand surgical treatment modalities for complex PGL. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Leilei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tianyuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xianjin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhaowei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhoujun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: laparoscopy; paraganglioma; robot