title: Imaging Local Heating and Thermal Diffusion of Nanomaterials with Plasmonic Thermal Microscopy.
abstract: Measuring local heat generation and dissipation in nanomaterials is critical for understanding the basic properties and developing applications of nanomaterials, including photothermal therapy and joule heating of nanoelectronics. Several technologies have been developed to probe local temperature distributions in nanomaterials, but a sensitive thermal imaging technology with high temporal and spatial resolution is still lacking. Here, we describe plasmonic thermal microscopy (PTM) to image local heat generation and diffusion from nanostructures in biologically relevant aqueous solutions. We demonstrate that PTM can detect local temperature change as small as 6 mK with temporal resolution of 10 μs and spatial resolution of submicrons (diffraction limit). With PTM, we have successfully imaged photothermal generation from single nanoparticles and graphene pieces, studied spatiotemporal distribution of temperature surrounding a heated nanoparticle, and observed heating at defect sites in graphene. We further show that the PTM images are in quantitative agreement with theoretical simulations based on heat transport theories.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Zixuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
authors.forename: Shaopeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Nongjian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D000069416:Intravital Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D055471:Thermal Diffusion; D013817:Thermography / Q000379:methods*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: gold nanorods; photothermal; plasmonic; thermal diffusion; thermal microscopy