title: Ex-Situ Kinetic Investigations of the Formation of the Poly-Oxo Cluster U38.
abstract: The ex-situ qualitative study of the kinetic formation of the poly-oxo cluster U38 , has been investigated after the solvothermal reaction. The resulting products have been characterized by means of powder XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the solid phase and UV/Vis, X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and NMR spectroscopies for the supernatant liquid phase. The analysis of the different synthesis batches, stopped at different reaction times, revealed the formation of spherical crystallites of UO2 from t=3 h, after the formation of unknown solid phases at an early stage. The crystallization of U38 occurred from t=4 h at the expense of UO2 , and is completed after t=8 h. Starting from pure uranium(IV) species in solution (t=0-1 h), oxidation reactions are observed with a U(IV) /U(VI) ratio of 70:30 for t=1-3 h. Then, the ratio is inversed with a U(IV) /U(VI) ratio of 25/75, when the precipitation of UO2 occurs. Thorough SEM observations of the U38 crystallites showed that the UO2 aggregates are embedded within. This may indicate that UO2 acts as reservoir of uranium(IV), for the formation of U38 , stabilized by benzoate and THF ligands. During the early stages of the U38 crystallization, a transient crystallized phase appeared at t=4 h. Its crystal structure revealed a new dodecanuclear moiety (U12 ), based on the inner hexanuclear core of {U6 O8 } type, decorated by three additional pairs of dinuclear U2 units. The U12 motif is stabilized by benzoate, oxalates, and glycolate ligands.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS) - UMR CNRS 8181, Université de Lille, USTL-ENSCL, Bat C7, BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq (France).
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falaise
authors.affiliation: Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS) - UMR CNRS 8181, Université de Lille, USTL-ENSCL, Bat C7, BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq (France).|Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1, rue Descartes, 75231 Paris (France).
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Volkringer
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01314 Dresden (Germany).
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.affiliation: Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS) - UMR CNRS 8181, Université de Lille, USTL-ENSCL, Bat C7, BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq (France). thierry.loiseau@ensc-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Loiseau
keywords: EXAFS spectroscopy; UV/Vis spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; solvothermal synthesis; uranium