title: Sex Differences in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Insights From the Heart Function Assessment Registry Trial in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: We assessed sex-specific differences in clinical features and outcomes of patients with acute heart failure (AHF). The Heart function Assessment Registry Trial in Saudi Arabia (HEARTS), a prospective registry, enrolled 2609 patients with AHF (34.2% women) between 2009 and 2010. Women were older and more likely to have risk factors for atherosclerosis, history of heart failure (HF), and rheumatic heart and valve disease. Ischemic heart disease was the prime cause for HF in men and women but more so in men (P < .001). Women had higher rates of hypertensive heart disease and primary valve disease (P < .001, for both comparisons). Men were more likely to have severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. On discharge, a higher use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, and aldosterone inhibitors was observed in men (P < .001 for all comparisons). Apart from higher atrial fibrillation in women and higher ventricular arrhythmias in men, no differences were observed in hospital outcomes. The overall survival did not differ between men and women (hazard ratio: 1.0, 95% confidence interval: 0.8-1.2, P = .981). Men and women with AHF differ significantly in baseline clinical characteristics and management but not in adverse outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia halfaleh@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Hussam F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: AlFaleh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Lukman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thalib
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kashour
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hersi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Layth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mimish
authors.affiliation: Cardiology division, King Salman Heart Center, King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdelfatah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Elasfar
authors.affiliation: Cardiology division, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almasood
authors.affiliation: Cardiology division, Madina Cardiac Center, Al Madina Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saleh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al Ghamdi
authors.affiliation: Cardiology division, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghabashi
authors.affiliation: North West Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Medicine Department, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Gamal A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayt, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mushabab
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Murayeh
authors.affiliation: Cardiology division, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abuosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Waleed
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Al Habeeb
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Al Habib
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents
keywords: acute heart failure; gender; survival