title: Joint positioning sense, perceived force level and two-point discrimination tests of young and active elderly adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changes in the proprioceptive system are associated with aging. Proprioception is important to maintaining and/or recovering balance and to reducing the risk of falls.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of young and active elderly adults in three proprioceptive tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one active elderly participants (66.9 ± 5.5 years) and 21 healthy young participants (24.6 ± 3.9 years) were evaluated in the following tests: perception of position of the ankle and hip joints, perceived force level of the ankle joint, and two-point discrimination of the sole of the foot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences (p>0.05) were found between groups for the joint position and perceived force level. On the other hand, the elderly participants showed lower sensitivity in the two-point discrimination (higher threshold) when compared to the young participants (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Except for the cutaneous plantar sensitivity, the active elderly participants had maintained proprioception. Their physical activity status may explain similarities between groups for the joint position sense and perceived force level, however it may not be sufficient to prevent sensory degeneration with aging.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR.
authors.forename: Priscila G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR.
authors.forename: Karini B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR.
authors.forename: André L F
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rodacki
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control; D000368:Aged; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D011434:Proprioception