title: The negativity bias predicts response rate to Behavioral Activation for depression.
abstract: This treatment study investigated the extent to which asymmetric dimensions of affective responding, specifically the positivity offset and the negativity bias, at pretreatment altered the rate of response to Behavioral Activation treatment for depression.
  
  
  
  Forty-one depressed participants were enrolled into 16 weekly sessions of BA. An additional 36 lifetime healthy participants were evaluated prospectively for 16 weeks to compare affective responding between healthy and remitted patients at post-treatment. All participants were assessed at Weeks 0, 8 and 16 using repeated measures, involving a structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, questionnaires, and a computerized task designed to measure affective responses to unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant images.
  
  
  
  The negativity bias at pre-treatment predicted the rate of response to BA, while the positivity offset did not.
  
  
  
  Only one treatment condition was used in this study and untreated depressed participants were not enrolled, limiting our ability to compare the effect of BA.
  
  
  
  Baseline negativity bias may serve as a signal for patients to engage in and benefit from the goal-directed BA strategies, thereby accelerating rate of response.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: j-gollan@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Jackie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gollan
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: dhoxha@luc.edu.
authors.forename: Denada
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoxha
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: kalliohf@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kallio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hunnicutt-Ferguson
authors.affiliation: Swarthmore College, PA, USA. Electronic address: cnorris2@swarthmore.edu.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: lainaerosebrock@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Laina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosebrock
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: lsankin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lindsey
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sankin
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: cacioppo@uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cacioppo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011613:Psychotherapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Behavioral activation; IAPS; Major depression; Negativity bias; Positivity offset