title: Studying upper-limb kinematics using inertial sensors: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, there has been a great interest in analyzing upper-limb kinematics in order to investigate scapulohumeral rhythm, as its alteration has been associated with shoulder joint complex injuries. The use of inertial sensors is presented as a convenient and portable analysis method for studying kinematics in terms of angular mobility and linear acceleration. The aim of this study was to analyze upper-limbs kinematics in the three anatomical axes, obtained by inertial sensors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Descriptive graphics of analytical tasks performed were obtained. The main difference in mobility between the scapula and humerus was found in pitch axis for abduction ([Formula: see text] = 107.6°, SD = 9.3°) and flexion ([Formula: see text] = 113.1°, SD = 9.3°).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of inertial sensors for human kinematics analysis is favorable. Although this study identified movement patterns, and supports inertial sensors as a useful device to analyze upper-limb kinematics, further studies with subjects with shoulder pathology to establish differences in movement patterns and scapulohumeral rhythm between healthy and pathological shoulders should be carried out.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigacion de Biomedicina de Malaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Malaga, Av/Arquitecto Peñalosa s/n (Teatinos Campus Expansion), 29009, Málaga, Spain. cristina.roldan005@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roldán-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigacion de Biomedicina de Malaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Malaga, Av/Arquitecto Peñalosa s/n (Teatinos Campus Expansion), 29009, Málaga, Spain. acuesta.var@gmail.com.|School of Clinical Science, Faculty of Health Science, Queensland University Technology, Brisbane, Australia. acuesta.var@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Antonio I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Cuesta-Vargas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010315:Particle Accelerators; D010827:Physiology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012540:Scapula / Q000502:physiology; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000502:physiology*