title: Assessment of the effect of a Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium culture supernatant on the single-cell lag time of foodborne pathogens.
abstract: The objective of this study was the in vitro evaluation of the effect of a cell-free microbial supernatant, produced by a luxS-positive Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium strain, on the single-cell growth kinetic behavior of two strains of S. enterica (serotypes Enteritidis and Typhimurium) and a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain. The single-cell lag time (λ) of the pathogens was estimated in the absence and presence (20% v/v) of microbial supernatant based on optical density measurements. As demonstrated by the obtained results, the tested microbial supernatant had a strain-specific effect on the single-cell λ and its variability. Although the mean λ values were similar in the absence and presence of microbial supernatant in the case of Salmonella Enteritidis, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction and increase in the mean value of this parameter in the presence of microbial supernatant were observed for Salmonella Typhimurium and St. aureus, respectively. With regard to the effect of the tested microbial supernatant on the single-cell variability of λ, similar λ distributions were obtained in its absence and presence for S. Enteritidis, while considerable differences were noted for the other two tested organisms; the coefficient of variation of λ in the absence and presence of microbial supernatant was 41.6 and 69.8% for S. Typhimurium, respectively, with the corresponding values for St. aureus being 74.0 and 56.9%. As demonstrated by the results of bioassays, the tested microbial supernatant exhibited autoinducer-2 activity, indicating a potential association of such quorum sensing compounds with the observed effects. Although preliminary in nature, the collected data provide a good basis for future research on the role of quorum sensing in the single-cell growth behavior of foodborne pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens 11855, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasiliki A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Blana
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens 11855, Greece. Electronic address: alianou@aua.gr.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lianou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens 11855, Greece. Electronic address: gjn@aua.gr.
authors.forename: George-John E
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Nychas
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013437:Carbon-Sulfur Lyases / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D006714:Homoserine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D053038:Quorum Sensing; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000737:chemistry; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000737:chemistry*; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D007783:Lactones; C091088:N-octanoylhomoserine lactone; D006714:Homoserine; D013437:Carbon-Sulfur Lyases; C117753:LuxS protein, Bacteria
keywords: Autoinducer-2; Lag time; Quorum sensing; Salmonella enterica; Single-cell kinetics; Staphylococcus aureus