title: Synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficacy of oleoyl-chitosan nanoparticles against plant pathogenic fungi.
abstract: An antifungal dispersion system was prepared by oleoyl-chitosan (O-chitosan) nanoparticles, and the antifungal activity against several plant pathogenic fungi was investigated. Under scanning electron microscopy, the nanoparticles formulation appeared to be uniform with almost spherical shape. The particle size of nanoparticles was around 296.962 nm. Transmission electron microscopy observation showed that nanoparticles could be well distributed in potato dextrose agar medium. Mycelium growth experiment demonstrated that Nigrospora sphaerica, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Nigrospora oryzae and Alternaria tenuissima were chitosan-sensitive, while Gibberella zeae and Fusarium culmorum were chitosan-resistant. The antifungal index was increased as the concentration of nanoparticles increased for chitosan-sensitive fungi. Fatty acid analyses revealed that plasma membranes of chitosan-sensitive fungi were shown to have lower levels of unsaturated fatty acid than chitosan-resistant fungi. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS gene sequences indicated that two chitosan-resistant fungi had a near phylogenetic relationship. Results showed that O-chitosan nanoparticles could be a useful alternative for controlling pathogenic fungi in agriculture.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xingke@jsnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Wanbang Pharmaceutical Company, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiuyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaozhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jihong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D025282:Mycelium / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D005227:Fatty Acids; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Antifungal activity; Chitosan; Plant pathogenic fungi