title: Smoking behaviors before and after implementation of a smoke-free legislation in Guangzhou, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to the partial smoke-free legislation implemented on 1 September 2010 in Guangzhou, China, smoke-free did not cover all indoor areas. Some places have a full smoking ban (100 % smoke-free), other places have a partial smoking ban, and homes have no ban. This study aimed to compare the smoking behaviors before and after implementation of a smoke-free legislation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A repeated cross-sectional survey was conducted on smoking-related behaviors with a total of 4,900 respondents before, and 5,135 respondents after the legislation was instituted. For each wave of the survey, a three-stage stratified sampling process was used to obtain a representative sample. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to determine differences of smoking prevalence and quit ratio between the two samples. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of a smoke-free legislation with smoking behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall daily smoking rate declined significantly from 20.8 % to 18.2 % (p < 0.05), especially among those aged 15-24 years. The quit ratios increased significantly (from 14.5 % to 17.9 %), but remained low among 15-44 year olds. The overall self-reported smoking behaviors in locations with a full smoking ban decreased significantly from 36.4 % to 24.3 % with the greater drops occurring in cultural venues, public transport vehicles, and government offices. Smoking in places with partial smoking bans remained high (89.6 % vs. 90.4 %), although a slight decrease was observed in some of these areas. The implementation of a smoke-free legislation did not lead to more smoking in homes (91.0 % vs 89.4 %), but smoking in homes remained high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings highlight the urgent need for a comprehensive smoke-free legislation covering all public places in Guangzhou, simultaneously educational interventions and campaigns promoting voluntary changes in home smoking need to occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. smalltomato@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. sdchen2@126.com.
authors.forename: Sidong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. zhjyao2001@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zhenjiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. gao_yanhui@163.com.
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. yaoxuya@163.com.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. 13802733994@139.com.
authors.forename: Shudong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Association on Tobacco Control, Guangzhou, China. zhu.zhengwei@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, USA. WANGL2@etsu.edu.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China. yangyigz@163.com.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D033161:Government Regulation; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D012906:Smoke; D061845:Smoke-Free Policy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution