title: Determinants of the t(14;18) translocation and their role in t(14;18)-positive follicular lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The strong association between t(14;18) translocation and follicular lymphoma (FL) is well known. However, the determinants of this chromosomal aberration and their role in t(14;18) associated FL remain to be established.
  
  
  METHODS
  t(14;18) frequency within the B cell lymphoma 2 major breakpoint region was determined for 135 incident FL cases and 251 healthy controls as part of a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed in DNA extracted from blood samples taken at recruitment. The relationship between prevalence and frequency of the translocation with baseline anthropometric, lifestyle, and dietary factors in cases and controls was determined. Unconditional logistic regression was used to explore whether the risk of FL associated with these factors differed in t(14;18)(+) as compared to t(14;18)(-) cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among incident FL cases, educational level (χ(2) p = 0.021) and height (χ(2) p = 0.025) were positively associated with t(14;18) prevalence, and cases with high frequencies [t(14;18)(HF)] were significantly taller (t test p value = 0.006). These findings were not replicated in the control population, although there were a number of significant associations with dietary variables. Further analyses revealed that height was a significant risk factor for t(14;18)(+) FL [OR 6.31 (95% CI 2.11, 18.9) in the tallest versus the shortest quartile], but not t(14;18)(-) cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest a potential role for lifestyle factors in the prevalence and frequency of the t(14;18) translocation. The observation that the etiology of FL may differ by t(14;18) status, particularly with regard to height, supports the subdivision of FL by translocation status.
authors.affiliation: MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.|INSERM U631, Marseille, France.|CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roulland
authors.affiliation: Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.|INSERM U631, Marseille, France.|CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morgado
authors.affiliation: Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.|INSERM U631, Marseille, France.|CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sungalee
authors.affiliation: Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.|INSERM U631, Marseille, France.|CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jouve
authors.affiliation: Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tumino
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krogh
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panico
authors.affiliation: HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polidoro
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Masala
authors.affiliation: Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Granada.ibs), Granada, Spain.|CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.|Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria-Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Chirlaque
authors.affiliation: Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program and Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sala
authors.affiliation: CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.|Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Aurelio Barricarte
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gurrea
authors.affiliation: Public Health Direction and Ciberesp-Biodonostia Basque Regional Health Department, Vitoria, Spain.
authors.forename: Miren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dorronsoro
authors.affiliation: Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Ruth C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Travis
authors.affiliation: MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.affiliation: MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gunter
authors.affiliation: MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
authors.affiliation: Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.|Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Petra H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.affiliation: Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.|Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trichopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.|Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.|Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trichopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.|Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.|Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 75 M. Asias Street, Goudi, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Pagona
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lagiou
authors.affiliation: Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nieters
authors.affiliation: Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Canzian
authors.affiliation: Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaaks
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrüucke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: Heiner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boeing
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.|Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.|Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Elisabete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weiderpass
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.|Department of Perioperative and Surgical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stocks
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Sciences, Head Regional Cancer Center North, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Melin
authors.affiliation: Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Overvad
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjønneland
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.affiliation: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.|INSERM U631, Marseille, France.|CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nadel
authors.affiliation: MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK. p.vineis@imperial.ac.uk.|HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation, Turin, Italy. p.vineis@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vineis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
keywords: Follicular lymphoma; Height; Translocation; t(14;18)