title: Unemployment risk and income change after testicular cancer diagnosis: A population-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Among patients with cancer, returning to full working may serve as an indicator for return to normal lifestyle following illness, as opposed to unemployment or shifting to part-time work. The aim of the project was to clarify the association between unemployment risk and decreased income at 4 years after the diagnosis of testicular cancer (TC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A case control in a cohort study includes baseline measurement of people participating in the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics 1995 National Census, and follow-up until 2011. Cancer incidence, employment status, and income level were ascertained through the Israel Cancer Registry and Tax Authority, respectively. A matched group was sampled from the population in the census. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess odds ratios (ORs) for study׳s outcomes, while controlling for age, ethnicity, education, and socioeconomic and employment status at 2 years before diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 113 cases of TC and 468 persons in the matched group were included in the study after excluding persons who died during the study period. No association was found between TC and subsequent risk after the 4 years of unemployment (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.65-1.95) or decreased income (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.84-2.36). Predictors of subsequent unemployment were unemployment 2 years before diagnosis (OR = 6.91, 95% CI: 4.39-10.86) and increasing age (OR = 1.03 per year, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TC survivorship is not associated with subsequent unemployment or decreased income at 4 years after diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; The Jerusalem Institute of Aging Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Mount Scopus, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: ryakir@hadassah.org.il.
authors.forename: Yakir
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rottenberg
authors.affiliation: The Department of Occupational Therapy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Navah Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Ratzon
authors.affiliation: The Jerusalem Institute of Aging Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Mount Scopus, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Department of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Mount Scopus, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Miraim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: The Department of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peretz
authors.affiliation: Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Angela G E M
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: de Boer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014478:Unemployment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Population-based study; Survivors; Testicular cancer; Unemployment