title: Association of Sleep Duration with the Morbidity and Mortality of Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Insufﬁcient and excessive sleep duration have become increasingly common in modern society. Published literatures report controversial results about the association of sleep duration with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive search was performed to identify related prospective studies providing quantitative estimates between sleep duration and CAD. Meta-analysis was applied to calculate the combined relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sleep with morbidity and mortality of CAD. The risk of bias was assessed by the Egger regression asymmetry test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen studies conformed to the criteria. Compared with normal sleep duration, the pooled RRs (95%CI) of short sleep duration were 1.10(1.04-1.17) and 1.25(1.06-1.47) for the morbidity and mortality of CAD, and the pooled RRs (95%CI) of long sleep duration were 1.03(0.92-1.16) and 1.26(1.11-1.42) for the morbidity and mortality of CAD, respectively. The effect of short and long sleep duration on mortality of CAD were always significantly greater than the morbidity of CAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short sleep duration was associated with higher morbidity of CAD, and short sleepers and long sleepers had higher risk for CAD mortality. Keeping normal sleep duration is an appropriate recommendation to prevent and control CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Suyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P.R. China. Electronic address: jiachongqi@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chongqi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012890:Sleep
keywords: Coronary artery disease; Meta-analysis; Prevention; Sleep; Sleep duration