title: Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging: A Possible MRI Biomarker for AD Diagnosis?
abstract: The purpose of this explorative study was to investigate whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameter changes are reliable measures of white matter integrity changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients using a whole brain voxel-based analysis (VBA). Therefore, age- and gender-matched patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD (n = 18), dementia due to AD (n = 19), and age-matched cognitively healthy controls (n = 14) were prospectively included. The magnetic resonance imaging protocol included routine structural brain imaging and DKI. Datasets were transformed to a population-specific atlas space. Groups were compared using VBA. Differences in diffusion and mean kurtosis measures between MCI and AD patients and controls were shown, and were mainly found in the splenium of the corpus callosum and the corona radiata. Hence, DTI and DKI parameter changes are suggestive of white matter changes in AD.
authors.affiliation: Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Hanne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Struyfs
authors.affiliation: icoMetrix, Leuven, Belgium.|Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Hecke
authors.affiliation: iMinds-Vision Lab, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.|Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Veraart
authors.affiliation: iMinds-Vision Lab, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sijbers
authors.affiliation: Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slaets
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Belder
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wuyts
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.|Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Kristel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sleegers
authors.affiliation: Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.|Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robberecht
authors.affiliation: Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.|Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Broeckhoven
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Belder
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital & University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Parizel
authors.affiliation: Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.|Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA) Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sebastiaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Engelborghs
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D001271:Atlases as Topic; D001284:Atrophy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; biomarker; diffusion kurtosis imaging; diffusion tensor imaging; early diagnosis; magnetic resonance imaging; mild cognitive impairment