title: Comparing Utility of Anthropometric Indices Based on Gender Differences in Predicting Dyslipidaemia in Healthy Adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anthropometry is a simple reliable method for quantifying body proportions by measuring body length, weight and circumferences.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our intention in this study was to compare sensitivities and positive predictive values of waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI) in identifying healthy subjects, males and females separately for identifying obesity associated dyslipidemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed randomly selected 100 healthy subjects (males:58%, females:42%) between 25 and 60 years of age attending tertiary health care center in South India, after obtaining informed consent and Institutional Ethical Clearance. WC, WHR, WHtR and BMI of all the enrolled subjects were measured and estimated. Their fasting serum lipid profile was assessed. Subjects were divided based on their gender and each group was then categorized as obese and non-obese using anthropometric parameters and their individual serum lipid profile values depending on the cut off standards as per WHO and ATP III guidelines and compared. Data obtained was statistically analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean values of WC, WHR, WHtR and BMI were highly significant (p<0.000) in obese in both males (97.43 ± 6.21cm, 0.96 ± 0.04, 0.61 ± 0.05, 27.72 ± 2.45kg/m(2)) and females (91.82 ± 5.18cm, 0.92 ± 0.06, 0.60 ± 0.04, 27.70 ± 3.44kg/m(2)) when considered separately compared to non-obese males (82.27 ± 5.33cm, 0.83 ± 0.033, 0.51 ± 0.03, 22.80 ± 2.11kg/m(2)) and females (71.68 ± 7.33cm, 0.78 ± 0.03, 0.48 ± 0.03, 21.82 ± 1.98kg/m(2) respectively). WC was more sensitive for predicting the altered lipid profile (85%) in females and WHR (65%) in males. WHR showed higher ability to correctly predict the occurrence of dyslipidemia in the obese males (90% positive predictive value) and WHtR in females (92%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study inferred that WC, WHR are more sensitive while WHR and WHtR have a higher positive predictive value than BMI in identifying dyslipidemia in healthy males and females.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Kanachur Institute of Medical Sciences , Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Priyanka N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Pawaskar
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University , Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shirali
authors.affiliation: Professor and Dean, Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University , Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: M Venkatraya
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Center for Basic Sciences, Kasturba Medical College , Bejai, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Sheila R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Physiology, Center for Basic Sciences, Kasturba Medical College , Bejai, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, India .
authors.forename: Nayanatara Arun
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: General Physician, Shri Gajanan Clinic Kolhapur , Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Niwas G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Pawaskar
keywords: Body mass index; Gender differences; Lipid profile; Waist circumference; Waist–height ratio; Waist–hip ratio