title: Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Children with Diabetes: Proposed Treatment Recommendations Based on Glycemic Control, Body Mass Index, Age, Sex, and Generally Accepted Cut Points.
abstract: Percentile-based non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were analyzed by glycemic control, weight, age, and sex of children with type 1 diabetes (n = 26,358). Ten percent of all children and 25% of overweight adolescent girls require both immediate lipid-lowering medication and lifestyle changes to achieve non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels <120 mg/dL and cardiovascular risk reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: karl.otfried.schwab@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
authors.forename: K Otfried
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Schwab
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doerfer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, German Center for Diabetes Research (DHZ), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hungele
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, German Center for Diabetes Research (DHZ), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scheuing
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dost
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Tilman R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Rohrer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, German Center for Diabetes Research (DHZ), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Reinhard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Holl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human