title: The effect of gamma radiation on the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio): In vivo genotoxicity assessment with the micronucleus and comet assays.
abstract: Radioactive wastes may be leached into freshwater, either accidentally or in industrial effluents. We have studied gamma radiation-induced DNA damage in the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. Fish were irradiated with 2-10Gy gamma radiation and genotoxic effects in blood cells were studied with the micronucleus (MN) and comet assays. Micronuclei and a dose-dependent increase in comet-tail DNA were seen in dose- and time-dependent studies. The highest % tail DNA was observed at 24h, declining until 72h, which may indicate the repair of radiation-induced DNA single-strand breaks after gamma radiation. However, double-stranded DNA damage may not have been repaired, as indicated by increased micronuclei at later periods. A positive correlation was observed between the comet and micronucleus assay results. This study confirms the mutagenic/genotoxic potential of gamma radiation in the Common carp, as well as the possible combined use of the micronucleus and comet assays for in vivo laboratory studies with fresh-water fish for screening the genotoxic potential of radioactive pollution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India.
authors.forename: Praveen Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: M K
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India. Electronic address: skshyama@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shyama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soorambail K
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Goa Medical College, Goa, India.
authors.forename: Sonaye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhagatsingh Harisingh
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Goa University, Goa 403 206, India.
authors.forename: Avelyno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'costa
authors.affiliation: Radiation Biology & Health Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Chaubey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramesh Chandra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002347:Carps; D002470:Cell Survival; D020552:Comet Assay; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000737:chemistry; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005720:Gamma Rays; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009153:Mutagens; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D003520:Cyclophosphamide
keywords: Biomarkers; Comet assay; Cyprinus carpio; DNA damage; Genotoxicity