title: Interrelation Between Oxidative Stress and Complement Activation in Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
abstract: Millions of individuals older than 50-years suffer from age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Associated with this multifactorial disease are polymorphisms of complement factor genes and a main environmental risk factor-oxidative stress. Until now the linkage between these risk factors for AMD has not been fully understood. Recent studies, integrating results on oxidative stress, complement activation, epidemiology and ocular pathology suggested the following sequence in AMD-etiology: initially, chronic oxidative stress results in modification of proteins and lipids in the posterior of the eye; these tissue alterations trigger chronic inflammation, involving the complement system; and finally, invasive immune cells facilitate pathology in the retina. Here, we summarize the results for animal studies which aim to elucidate this molecular interplay of oxidative events and tissue-specific complement activation in the eye.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany. Luciana.pujol@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: Luciana M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pujol-Lereis
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany. Nicole.schafer@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany. laura.kuhn@stud.uni-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina and Research Service, 29401, Charleston, SC, USA. rohrer@musc.edu.
authors.forename: Bärbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rohrer
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany. Diana.Pauly@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pauly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003167:Complement Activation; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003165:Complement System Proteins
keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; Alternative pathway; CEP-immunization model; Cigarette smoke model; Complement system; Knock-out mice models; Light-damage model; Oxidation-specific epitopes; Oxidative stress; Sodium iodate-treatment model