title: Middle School as a Developmental Niche for Civic Engagement.
abstract: The present study investigated how school climate, school connectedness and academic efficacy beliefs inform emergent civic engagement behaviors among middle school youth of color. These associations were examined both concurrently and longitudinally using a developmentally appropriate measure of civic engagement. Data were drawn from two subsamples of a larger study of social/emotional development in middle school (cross-sectional sample n = 324; longitudinal sample n = 232), M = 12 years old, 46 % female, 53 % male. Forty-two percent (42.2 %) of the sample self-identified as African American, 19.8 % as Multiracial or Mixed, 19.4 % as Latino, 11.6 % as Asian American or Pacific Islander, 11.6 % identified as Other, and 5.2 % as Native American. The study tested and found support for a latent mediation model in which more positive perceptions of school climate were positively related to school connectedness, and this in turn, was positively associated with civic engagement; school climate was also positively associated with academic-self-efficacy beliefs, but such beliefs did not mediate the climate-civic engagement association. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, 200 E. SEB, E. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1043, USA. castag@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Casta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guillaume
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, 200 E. SEB, E. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1043, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jagers
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, 200 E. SEB, E. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1043, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rivas-Drake
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015279:Organizational Culture; D012574:Schools; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012931:Social Environment; D012941:Social Responsibility; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Civic engagement; Developmental niche; Early adolescence; School belonging; School climate