title: Effects of melatonin and theanine administration on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and brain tissue oxidative damage in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of coadministration of melatonin and theanine (Mel/Thea) on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and brain tissue oxidative damage were investigated in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were divided into the following groups: 1) sham, 2) ovariectomized (OVX), 3) sham-PTZ, 4) OVX- PTZ, 5) sham-Mel/Thea-PTZ, and 6) OVX-Mel/Thea-PTZ. Groups 1-4 received saline, while groups 5 and 6 received a combination of Mel/Thea for 6 weeks. All animals except for those in groups 1 and 2 received a single injection of PTZ.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The OVX-PTZ group had higher generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) latency compared to the sham-PTZ group. Administration of Mel/Thea increased minimal clonic seizure and GTCS latencies in both the sham-Mel/Thea-PTZ and OVX-Mel/Thea-PTZ groups compared to the controls. Additionally, PTZ exposure increased malondialdehyde levels and reduced thiol concentrations in brain tissues of both the sham-PTZ and OVX-PTZ groups. Mel/Thea pretreatment resulted in MDA reduction and thiol increase in brain tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrated the antioxidant and anticonvulsant activities of Mel/Thea despite the presence or absence of ovarian hormones.
authors.forename: Shadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choopankareh
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vafaee
authors.forename: Mohammad Naser
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Shafei
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Sadeghnia
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salarinia
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zarepoor
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosseini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001682:Biological Availability; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005971:Glutamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008550:Melatonin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010052:Ovariectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D005971:Glutamates; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C026166:theanine; D008550:Melatonin; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole