title: CD74 in Kidney Disease.
abstract: CD74 (invariant MHC class II) regulates protein trafficking and is a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and d-dopachrome tautomerase (d-DT/MIF-2). CD74 expression is increased in tubular cells and/or glomerular podocytes and parietal cells in human metabolic nephropathies, polycystic kidney disease, graft rejection and kidney cancer and in experimental diabetic nephropathy and glomerulonephritis. Stressors like abnormal metabolite (glucose, lyso-Gb3) levels and inflammatory cytokines increase kidney cell CD74. MIF activates CD74 to increase inflammatory cytokines in podocytes and tubular cells and proliferation in glomerular parietal epithelial cells and cyst cells. MIF overexpression promotes while MIF targeting protects from experimental glomerular injury and kidney cysts, and interference with MIF/CD74 signaling or CD74 deficiency protected from crescentic glomerulonephritis. However, CD74 may protect from interstitial kidney fibrosis. Furthermore, CD74 expression by stressed kidney cells raises questions about the kidney safety of cancer therapy strategies delivering lethal immunoconjugates to CD74-expressing cells. Thus, understanding CD74 biology in kidney cells is relevant for kidney therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valiño-Rivas
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baeza-Bermejillo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Lafuente
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Belen
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain ; School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Niño
keywords: CD74; Fabry; d-dopachrome tautomerase (d-DT/MIF-2); diabetes; inflammation; kidney; macrophage inhibitory factor; polycystic kidney disease