title: Distress from Motivational Dis-integration: When Fundamental Motives Are Too Weak or Too Strong.
abstract: Past research has shown that satisfying different kinds of fundamental motives contributes to well-being. More recently, advances in motivational theory have shown that z is also tied to the integration of different motives. In other words, well-being depends not only on maximizing effectiveness in satisfying specific motives, but also on ensuring that motives work together such that no individual motive is too weak or too strong. In this chapter, we review existing research to show that specific forms of psychological distress can be linked to specific types of motivational imbalance or dis-integration. Such disintegration can arise from either excessive weakness of a specific motive or the excessive strength and/or dominance of a specific motive, thereby inhibiting other motives. Possible neural correlates and avenues of intervention are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Sciences and Leadership, United States Military Academy, 281 Thayer Hall, West Point, New York, NY, 10996, USA. jamesfcornwell@gmail.com.
authors.forename: James F M
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cornwell
authors.affiliation: Animal Welfare Program, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Becca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 406 Schermerhorn Hall, 1190 Amsterdam Ave. MC 5501, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
authors.forename: E Tory
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Higgins
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003863:Depression / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008603:Mental Health; D009042:Motivation; D009289:Narcissism; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Narcissism; Parkinson’s; Regulatory focus; Regulatory mode; Well-being