title: Are self-adhesive resin cements suitable as core build-up materials? Analyses of maximum load capability, margin integrity, and physical properties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to test a self-adhesive resin cement used as core build-up material in comparison to two commercially available core build-up materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty human anterior teeth were endodontically treated and fiber post insertion (RelyX Fiber posts) and core build-ups were performed using two core build-up materials applied with an etch-and-rinse adhesive approach (Luxacore Dual-LC and Clearfil Core-CC) and an experimental self-adhesive resin cement (SAR) in two application modes (SAR Handmix and SAR Automix). Samples were subjected to thermo-mechanical loading. Margin integrity was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and maximum load capability (Fmax) was evaluated. Physical properties of the tested materials were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fmax was significantly affected by the core build-up material (p < 0.0005; one-way ANOVA). CC [481 (158) N] revealed significantly higher Fmax compared to LC [226 (80) N], SAR Hand [205 (115), and SAR Automix [197 (134) N] (p < 0.05; Tukey-B). The percentage of margin quality "continuous margin" in enamel after thermo-mechanical loading (TML) differed significantly among groups (p < 0.0005; Kruskal-Wallis); CC demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of margin quality "continuous margin" compared to the other groups. Physical properties were significantly affected by the different core materials (p < 0.0005; ANOVA); CC and LC demonstrated significantly higher flexural strength compared to both SAR groups as well as significantly higher water sorption of both SAR groups compared to CC and LC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of the present in vitro study, we conclude that the investigated experimental self-adhesive resin cement is not suitable as a core build-up material due to the lower maximum load capability, low margin quality, and the data of the mechanical properties.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The investigated experimental self-adhesive resin cement cannot be recommended as a core build-up material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany. kerstin.bitter@charite.de.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bitter
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, CharitéCentrum 4, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Blunck
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, CharitéCentrum 3, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sterzenbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60598, Frankfurt a. M, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rüttermann
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D003188:Composite Resins; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007180:Incisor; D008422:Materials Testing; D011176:Post and Core Technique; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: C469237:Clearfil Core; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C483522:LuxaCore; D019279:Resin Cements
keywords: Core build-up material; Fiber post; Fracture resistance; Physical properties; Self-adhesive resin cement; Thermo-mechanical loading