title: Effect of the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Monsonia angustifolia E. Mey. Ex A. Rich., on the sexual behaviour of male Wistar rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Monsonia angustifolia (Geraniaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in South Africa to increase libido and to treat erectile dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-vivo aphrodisiac activities of the crude extracts of the plant prepared in water at 3, 30 and 300 mg/kg body weight were evaluated for 7 days using sildenafil citrate (Viagra) and 1% ethanol in distilled water as positive and negative controls respectively. Male rats were selected and monitored in each group for sexual behaviour by exposing them to sexually receptive females on days 1, 3 and 7 for 60 minutes each between 7:00 pm and 3:00 am. The following male sexual parameters were observed: Mount Frequency (MF), Intromission Frequency (IF), Mount Latency (ML), Intromission Latency (IL), Ejaculation Frequency (EF), Ejaculatory Latency (EL) and Post-Ejaculatory Interval (PEI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The administration of the extract resulted in significant increase (p < 0.05) in mount frequency, intromission frequency, ejaculation frequency, ejaculation latency and serum hormone concentrations. The computed indices of sexual behaviour such as erection, quick flips, long flips and total penile reflexes were also increased. However, the mount latency, intromission latency and post ejaculation interval were significantly decreased throughout the experimental period. The administration of 300 mg/kg body weight of the aqueous extract produced the best effects in all the parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Generally, the extract of Monsonia angustifolia produced pro-sexual stimulatory effects in the male rats especially when administered at 300 mg/kg body weight. The results validate the use of the plant by the indigenous people to increase libido and treat premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction in males.
authors.affiliation: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Gerda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fouche
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research centre, Department of Botany5, Alice, South Africa. Aafolayan@ufh.ac.za.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Afolayan
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research centre, Department of Botany5, Alice, South Africa.
authors.forename: Olubunmi A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Wintola
authors.affiliation: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Tendani E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Khorombi
authors.affiliation: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Jeremiah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Senabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001046:Aphrodisiacs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000187:drug effects; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000187:drug effects; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001046:Aphrodisiacs; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013739:Testosterone