title: The Association of Human Cytomegalovirus with Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Activation in HIV-1-Infected Women.
abstract: Three groups of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive women (total n = 164) were selected from the Chicago Women's Interagency HIV-1 Study to investigate the association between CMV coinfection and immune activation: (1) HIV-1 viremic, (2) HIV-1 aviremic, and (3) HIV-1 uninfected. Quantitative measures of CMV serum IgG, CMV DNA, and serum biomarkers interleukin (IL)-6, soluble CD163 (sCD163), soluble CD14 (sCD14), and interferon gamma-induced protein (IP10) were obtained. Levels of CMV IgG and the serum biomarkers were significantly higher in the HIV-1 viremic group compared to the aviremic and uninfected groups (p < 0.001). No significant associations with CMV IgG levels were found for HIV-uninfected women. When each of the HIV-infected groups was analyzed, sCD14 levels in the viremic women were significantly associated with CMV IgG levels with p < 0.02 when adjusted for age, CD4 count, and HIV viral load. There was also a modest association (p = 0.036) with IL-6 from plasma and cervical vaginal lavage specimens both unadjusted and adjusted for CD4 count and HIV viral load. The association of CMV IgG level with sCD14 implicates the monocyte as a potential site for interaction of the two viruses, which eventually may lead to non-AIDS-defining pathological conditions.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Nell S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Lurain
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.affiliation: 2 The CORE Center, Cook County Health and Hospital System , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Anna L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hotton
authors.affiliation: 2 The CORE Center, Cook County Health and Hospital System , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: 2 The CORE Center, Cook County Health and Hospital System , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Mardge H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Landay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D060085:Coinfection / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068898:Raltegravir Potassium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000821:virology; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D015415:Biomarkers; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000068898:Raltegravir Potassium; D007371:Interferon-gamma