title: Purification and characterization of tenerplasminin-1, a serine peptidase inhibitor with antiplasmin activity from the coral snake (Micrurus tener tener) venom.
abstract: A plasmin inhibitor, named tenerplasminin-1 (TP1), was isolated from Micrurus tener tener (Mtt) venom. It showed a molecular mass of 6542Da, similarly to Kunitz-type serine peptidase inhibitors. The amidolytic activity of plasmin (0.5nM) on synthetic substrate S-2251 was inhibited by 91% following the incubation with TP1 (1nM). Aprotinin (2nM) used as the positive control of inhibition, reduced the plasmin amidolytic activity by 71%. Plasmin fibrinolytic activity (0.05nM) was inhibited by 67% following incubation with TP1 (0.1nM). The degradation of fibrinogen chains induced by plasmin, trypsin or elastase was inhibited by TP1 at a 1:2, 1:4 and 1:20 enzyme:inhibitor ratio, respectively. On the other hand, the proteolytic activity of crude Mtt venom on fibrinogen chains, previously attributed to metallopeptidases, was not abolished by TP1. The tPA-clot lysis assay showed that TP1 (0.2nM) acts like aprotinin (0.4nM) inducing a delay in lysis time and lysis rate which may be associated with the inhibition of plasmin generated from the endogenous plasminogen activation. TP1 is the first serine protease plasmin-like inhibitor isolated from Mtt snake venom which has been characterized in relation to its mechanism of action, formation of a plasmin:TP1 complex and therapeutic potential as anti-fibrinolytic agent, a biological characteristic of great interest in the field of biomedical research. They could be used to regulate the fibrinolytic system in pathologies such as metastatic cancer, parasitic infections, hemophilia and other hemorrhagic syndromes, in which an intense fibrinolytic activity is observed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Jeilyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vivas
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ibarra
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana G C
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Neves-Ferreira
authors.affiliation: National Natural Toxins Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Elda E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jonás
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perales
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Ultraestructura, Instituto Anatómico de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Acosta
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. Electronic address: belsyguerrero@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Belsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017815:Elapidae; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D004546:Elapid Venoms; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; C053972:micrurus venom; D005341:Fibrinolysin
keywords: Fibrinolytic system; Hemostasis; Micrurus tener tener; Plasmin inhibitor; Snake venom