title: Imaging evaluation of traumatic thoracolumbar spine injuries: Radiological review.
abstract: Spine fractures account for a large portion of musculoskeletal injuries worldwide. A classiﬁcation of spine fractures is necessary in order to develop a common language for treatment indications and outcomes. Several classification systems have been developed based on injury anatomy or mechanisms of action, but they have demonstrated poor reliability, have yielded little prognostic information, and have not been widely used. For this reason, the Arbeitsgemeinschaftfür Osteosynthesefragen (AO) committee has classified thorocolumbar spine injuries based on the pathomorphological criteria into3 types (A: Compression; B: Distraction; C: Axial torque and rotational deformity). Each of these types is further divided into 3 groups and 3 subgroups reﬂecting progressive scale of morphological damage and the degree of instability. Because of its highly detailed sub classifications, the AO system has shown limited interobserver variability. It is similar to its predecessors in that it does not incorporate the patient's neurologic status.The need for a reliable, reproducible, clinically relevant, prognostic classification system with an optimal balance of ease of use and detail of injury description contributed to the development of a new classification system, the thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score (TLICS). The TLICS deﬁnes injury based on three clinical characteristics: injury morphology, integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex, and neurologic status of the patient. The severity score offers prognostic information and is helpful in decision making about surgical vs nonsurgical management.
authors.affiliation: Shivanand Gamanagatti, Deepak Rathinam, Krithika Rangarajan, Atin Kumar, Department of Radiology, JPNA Trauma Center, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Shivanand
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gamanagatti
authors.affiliation: Shivanand Gamanagatti, Deepak Rathinam, Krithika Rangarajan, Atin Kumar, Department of Radiology, JPNA Trauma Center, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rathinam
authors.affiliation: Shivanand Gamanagatti, Deepak Rathinam, Krithika Rangarajan, Atin Kumar, Department of Radiology, JPNA Trauma Center, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Krithika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rangarajan
authors.affiliation: Shivanand Gamanagatti, Deepak Rathinam, Krithika Rangarajan, Atin Kumar, Department of Radiology, JPNA Trauma Center, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Atin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Shivanand Gamanagatti, Deepak Rathinam, Krithika Rangarajan, Atin Kumar, Department of Radiology, JPNA Trauma Center, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Farooque
authors.affiliation: Shivanand Gamanagatti, Deepak Rathinam, Krithika Rangarajan, Atin Kumar, Department of Radiology, JPNA Trauma Center, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sharma
keywords: Classification; Management; Spine; Thoracolumbar; Trauma