title: Lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide among petroleum refinery workers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Occupational and environmental exposure to petroleum refinery products poses a great threat to human health. This study aimed to assess the lung function and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) among petroleum refinery workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 112 participants (56 petroleum refinery workers with mean age 35.20 ± 1.62 years, and 56 age, weight, height, ethnicity and socioeconomically matched control subjects with mean age 30.02 ± 1.76 years) were recruited. A comprehensive clinical history and examination was conducted to decide whether to include in the study or not. Ventilatory lung function test parameters were recorded by using a Spirometer and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) was measured by Niox Mino.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant decline in lung function parameters FEV1 (p = 0.0001), FEV1/FVC Ratio (p = 0.01), PEF (p = 0.0001), FEF 25 % (p = 0.0001), FEF-50 % (p = 0.012) was observed among oil refinery workers compared to their matched controls. However, there was no difference in the mean values of FeNO between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects working in the petroleum refinery have significantly impaired lung functions. However, there was no change in the values of FENO between the groups. The lung function impairment pattern provide evidence in the favor of an obstructive lung disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ; Clinical Physiology, Department of Physiology (29), College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461 Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sultan Ayoub
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Meo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulrahman Hamad
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Alrashed
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulrahman Abdulaziz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Almana
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Yazeed Ibrahim
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Altheiban
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Saud
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Aldosari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nawaf Faleh
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Almudarra
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sulaiman Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Alwabel
keywords: Crude oil; Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO); Lung functions