title: Antiviral effects of Yinhuapinggan granule against influenza virus infection in the ICR mice model.
abstract: Yinhuapinggan granule (YHPG), a Chinese medicine granule based on Ma-Huang-Tang (Ephedra Decoction) and the clinical experience of Professor Wan Haitong, is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of colds, influenza, fever, inflammation and cough. This study investigated the antiviral effects of YHPG on the production of inflammatory cytokines in influenza virus (IFV)-infected mice and evaluated the effect of YHPG on the expression of NF-κB p65 and the level of key signaling molecules in the TLR4 signaling pathway. ICR mice were orally administrated YHPG at doses of 7.5, 15 and 30 g kg(-1) day(-1) for 2 or 6 days after IFV infection. On days 3 and 7 after infection, YHPG (15 g/kg and 30 g/kg) significantly increased levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon gamma and decreased levels of IL-4, IL-5 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in serum compared with the IFV control group. Furthermore, the expression of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6 and NF-κB p65 at the mRNA and protein level was significantly lower in the YHPG (15 and 30 g/kg) treatment groups than in the IFV control group. These results suggest that YHPG has antiviral effects in IFV-infected mice, which is associated with the inhibition of the TLR4-MyD88-TRAF6 signaling pathway and the expression of NF-κB p65.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Xue-qian
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Hui-fen
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Yu-yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
authors.forename: Jie-hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, China. whtong@126.com.
authors.forename: Hai-tong
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, China. heyu0923@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029789:Ephedra / Q000378:metabolism*; D029790:Ephedra sinica; D005260:Female; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000235:genetics; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 / Q000235:genetics; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015848:Interleukin-5; C507780:Myd88 protein, mouse; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D028321:Plant Preparations; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C498144:Rela protein, mouse; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C000609286:yinhuapinggan; D015847:Interleukin-4; C099950:Ephedrae herba; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Antiviral effects; MyD88; NF-κB p65; TLR4; TRAF6; Yinhuapinggan granule