title: Development and characterization of a new hydrogel based on galactomannan and κ-carrageenan.
abstract: A new hydrogel based on two natural polysaccharides was prepared in aqueous medium with 1.7% (w/v) galactomannan (from Cassia grandis seeds) and different concentrations of κ-carrageenan (0.3, 0.4 and 0.5%w/v), CaCl2 (0.0, 0.1 and 0.2M) and pH (5.0, 5.5 and 6.0), using a full factorial design based on rheological parameters. The best formulation was obtained with 1.7% (w/v) galactomannan and 0.5% (w/v) κ-carrageenan, containing 0.2M CaCl2 at pH 5.0. Nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy where used in order to characterize the hydrogel formulation. A shelf life study was carried out with this formulation along 90 days-period of storage at 4 °C, evaluating pH, color, microbial contamination and rheology. This hydrogel showed no significant changes in pH, no microbial contamination and became more translucent along the aging. Analyses by nuclear magnetic resonance and rheology showed a larger organization of the polysaccharides in the hydrogel matrix. The results demonstrated that this hydrogel was stable with possible applications in medical and cosmetic fields.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Campus Universitário, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo A G
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: José R P C
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: de Seixas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Campus Universitário, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscilla B S
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho and Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, CEP 21941-913 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo R C
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho and Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, CEP 21941-913 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo A S
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mourão
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Luiz Freire s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wilson
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria T S
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Campus Universitário, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. Electronic address: mgcc1954@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Carneiro-da-Cunha
mesh_terms: D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry*; D002366:Cassia / Q000737:chemistry; D004355:Drug Stability; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D008351:Mannans / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008351:Mannans; C012990:galactomannan; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D002351:Carrageenan; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Cassia grandis; Hydrogel characterization; NMR; Rheology; Vegetal polysaccharides