title: Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA, babA2, and dupA genotypes and correlation with clinical outcome in Malaysian patients with dyspepsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The severity of disease outcome in dyspepsia has been attributed to Helicobacter pylori virulence genes. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of H. pylori virulence genes (cagA, babA2, and dupA) and to determine whether or not there arises a significant correlation with clinical dyspepsia outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  H. pylori genotypes cagA, babA2, and dupA were identified by polymerase chain reactions from gastric biopsy samples in 105 H. pylori-positive patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive rates for cagA, babA2, and dupA genes in H. pylori dyspeptic patients were 69.5%, 41.0%, and 22.9%, respectivel cagA was more prevalent in Indians (39.7%), babA2 was more prevalent in Malays (39.5%), and dupA detection occurred more frequently in both Indians and Malays and at the same rate (37.5%). The Chinese inhabitants had the lowest prevalence of the three genes. Nonulcer disease patients had a significantly higher distribution of cagA (76.7%), babA2 (74.4%), and dupA (75.0%). There was no apparent association between these virulence genes and the clinical outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lower prevalence of these genes and variations among different ethnicities implies that the strains are geographically and ethnically dependent. None of the virulence genes were knowingly beneficial in predicting the clinical outcome of H. pylori infection in our subjects.
authors.forename: Hussein Ali
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Habsah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Rapeah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suppian
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Dzulkarnaen Zakaria
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Andee
authors.forename: Noorizan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdul Majid
authors.forename: Bin-alwi
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Zilfalil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C528428:DupA protein, Helicobacter pylori; D037521:Virulence Factors; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori