title: Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside from Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) with Further Purification by an Aqueous Two-Phase System.
abstract: In this work, a two-step extraction methodology of ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) and ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase system (IL-ATPS) was developed for the extraction and purification of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) from flaxseed. In the IL-UAE step, several kinds of ILs were investigated as the extractants, to identify the IL that affords the optimum extraction yield. The extraction conditions such as IL concentration, ultrasonic irradiation time, and liquid-solid ratio were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). In the IL-ATPS step, ATPS formed by adding kosmotropic salts to the IL extract was used for further separation and purification of SDG. The most influential parameters (type and concentration of salt, temperature, and pH) were investigated to obtain the optimum extraction efficiency. The maximum extraction efficiency was 93.35% under the optimal conditions of 45.86% (w/w) IL and 8.27% (w/w) Na₂SO₄ at 22 °C and pH 11.0. Thus, the combination of IL-UAE and IL-ATPS makes up a simple and effective methodology for the extraction and purification of SDG. This process is also expected to be highly useful for the extraction and purification of bioactive compounds from other important medicinal plants.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China. tanzhijiantgzy2010@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-Jian
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China. ibfcwcy@139.com.
authors.forename: Chao-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. yzz8582352@163.com.
authors.forename: Zi-Zhen
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China. ibfcyyj@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China. Cswhy328@126.com.
authors.forename: Hong-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China. aruofly@126.com.
authors.forename: Wan-Lai
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. lfflqq@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fen-Fang
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002072:Butylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012492:Salts; D013696:Temperature; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
chemical_list: D002072:Butylene Glycols; D005960:Glucosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012492:Salts; C090142:secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
keywords: aqueous two-phase system; ionic liquid; purification; secoisolariciresinol diglucoside; ultrasonic-assisted extraction