title: Use of Interim Scaffolding and Neotissue Development to Produce a Scaffold-Free Living Hyaline Cartilage Graft.
abstract: The fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) constructs relies heavily on the use of biomaterial-based scaffolds. These are required as mechanical supports as well as to translate two-dimensional cultures to 3D cultures for clinical applications. Regardless of the choice of scaffold, timely degradation of scaffolds is difficult to achieve and undegraded scaffold material can lead to interference in further tissue development or morphogenesis. In cartilage tissue engineering, hydrogel is the highly preferred scaffold material as it shares many similar characteristics with native cartilaginous matrix. Hence, we employed gelatin microspheres as porogens to create a microcavitary alginate hydrogel as an interim scaffold to facilitate initial chondrocyte 3D culture and to establish a final scaffold-free living hyaline cartilaginous graft (LhCG) for cartilage tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, Singapore, 637457.
authors.forename: Ting Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, Singapore, 637457.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, Singapore, 637457.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peck
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, Singapore, 637457.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-13, Singapore, Singapore, 637457. DAWang@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Dong-An
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D051457:Hyaline Cartilage / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D020100:Hydrogels; D008863:Microspheres; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D020100:Hydrogels; D011108:Polymers; D005780:Gelatin
keywords: Biomaterials; Cartilage; Hydrogel; Scaffold-free; Tissue engineering