title: [STAT signaling pathway mediates high glucose induced cardiac fibroblasts proliferation and collagen deposition in vitro].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the signal transducers and activator of transcriptions (STATs) protein expression changes and investigate the functional role of STATs pathway in case of high glucose-induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) proliferation and collagen deposition in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from 1- to 3-day-old SD rats, cells from the second to fourth passages were used for the experiment. CFs were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, supplemented with 5.5 mmol/L glucose (NG), 5.5 mmol/L glucose plus 19.4 mmol/L mannose (OC) or 25 mmol/L glucose (HG) in the presence of absence of STAT1 inhibitor (fludarabine, FLU) and STAT3 inhibitor (S3I-201). After 24 h and 48 h culture in vitro, the proliferation of CFs was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. After 12 h and 24 h culture in vitro, the production of type I and III collagen was evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA. After 0, 30, 60 and 120 min culture in vitro, the phosphorylated expression of STAT1 and STAT3 was analyzed by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CFs proliferation was significantly enhanced post 24 h and 48 h HG stimulation, and procollagen I and III mRNA expression was significantly upregulated post 12 h and 24 h HG stimulation. Deposition of collagen I and III was also significantly increased post 24 h and 72 h HG stimulation. STAT1 phosphorylation in CFs was increased after 120 min HG stimulation and STAT3 phosphorylation in CFs was increased post 60 min and 120 min HG stimulation. FLU and S3I-201 could inhibit HG-induced CFs proliferation and suppress of which was stimulated by FLU and S3I-201 could both suppress upregulated procollagen I and III mRNA expression and the deposition of collagen types I and III post HG stimulation. STAT1 phosphorylation inhibition resulted in less mRNA downregulation of procollagen type III than that of procollagen type I post 12 h HG stimulation. The STAT3 phosphorylation inhibition resulted in more significantly upregulated procollagen type III mRNA expression than procollagen type I mRNA expression at 12 h post HG stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HG could enhance the protein expression of phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT3 in CFs, which are responsible for HG-induced increased CFs proliferation and collagen deposition in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Email: daibinbb@163.com.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Wenling
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Mingcai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000636:Aminosalicylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000636:Aminosalicylic Acids; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; C520337:NSC 74859; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494081:Stat1 protein, rat; C494088:Stat3 protein, rat; D014740:Vidarabine; D005947:Glucose; C024352:fludarabine