title: The Intestinal Microbiome in Bariatric Surgery Patients.
abstract: With nearly 39% of the worldwide adult population classified as obese, much of the globe is facing a serious public health challenge. Increasing rates of obesity, coupled with the failure of many behavioural and pharmacological interventions, have contributed to a rise in popularity of bariatric surgery as a treatment for obesity. Surgery-mediated weight loss was initially thought to be a direct result of mechanical alterations causing restriction and calorie malabsorption. However, the mounting evidence suggests that indirect factors influence the accumulation and storage of fat in patients that have undergone this procedure. Given the established impact the intestinal microbiota has on adiposity, it is likely that this complex enteric microbial community contributes to surgery-mediated weight loss and maintenance of weight loss postsurgery. In this review, we discuss the physiological and psychological traits exhibited by bariatric surgery candidates that can be influenced by the intestinal microbiota. Additionally, we detail the studies that investigated the impact of bariatric surgery on the intestinal microbiota in humans and mouse models of this procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Peat
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: Susan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kleiman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.|Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.|Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bulik
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.|Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease (CGIBD), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000523:psychology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D009765:Obesity / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: bariatric surgery; microbiome