title: Galactomannan Downregulates the Inflammation Responses in Human Macrophages via NFκB2/p100.
abstract: We show that galactomannan, a polysaccharide consisting of a mannose backbone with galactose side groups present on the cell wall of several fungi, induces a reprogramming of the inflammatory response in human macrophages through dectin-1 receptor. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells 2 (NFκB2)/p100 was overexpressed after galactomannan challenge. Knocking down NFκB2/p100 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) indicated that NFκB2/p100 expression is a crucial factor in the progression of the galactomannan-induced refractoriness. The data presented in this study could be used as a modulator of inflammatory response in clinical situations where refractory state is required.
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hernández-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cubillos-Zapata
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flandez
authors.affiliation: Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; EMPIREO S.L., 28004 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Aníbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varela-Serrano
authors.affiliation: Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cantero
authors.affiliation: CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valles
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Disease, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Rio
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain ; Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López-Collazo
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008351:Mannans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D052003:NF-kappa B p52 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008351:Mannans; D052003:NF-kappa B p52 Subunit; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C012990:galactomannan; D005690:Galactose