title: Analysis of indole compounds in edible Basidiomycota species after thermal processing.
abstract: Methanolic extracts of processed fruiting bodies of six edible mushroom species (Basidiomycota) -Armillaria mellea, Boletus badius, Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, Lactarius deliciosus collected from natural habitats and Pleurotus ostreatus of commercial origin - were analysed for the presence of non-hallucinogenic indole compounds. Thermal processing was designed in such a way that it mimicked conditions used for cooking of mushroom dishes, since only a narrow group of mushrooms can be eaten raw, while indole compounds are thermolabile. All processed extracts were shown to contain l-tryptophan (up to 8.92mg/100g dw). The contents of the remaining compounds, 5-methyltryptophan, tryptamine, melatonin, indoleacetonitrile and indole, varied in different species (from 0.71 to 6.55mg/100g dw). Extract of processed C. cibarius fruiting bodies contained l-tryptophan, 5-methyltryptophan, tryptamine, melatonin, indoleacetonitrile and indole (1.96-4.94mg/100g dw) whereas l-tryptophan (2.78mg/100g dw) and tryptamine (2.77mg/100g dw) were the only indole compounds identified in the processed fruiting bodies of A. mellea.
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: muchon@poczta.fm.
authors.forename: Bożena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muszyńska
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Medyczna street 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sułkowska-Ziaja
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007211:Indoles / Q000032:analysis*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000032:analysis; D000432:Methanol / Q000032:analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D014363:Tryptamines / Q000032:analysis; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D014363:Tryptamines; C004182:5-methyltryptophan; C030820:tryptamine; D014364:Tryptophan; D008550:Melatonin; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Basidiomycota; Edible mushrooms; Indole compounds; Secondary metabolites; Thermal processing