title: Reducing involuntary memory by interfering consolidation of stressful auditory information: A pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intrusive emotional memories were induced by aversive auditory stimuli and modulated with cognitive tasks performed post-encoding (i.e., during consolidation).
  
  
  METHODS
  A between-subjects design was used with four conditions; three consolidation-interference tasks (a visuospatial and two verbal interference tasks) and a no-task control condition. Forty-one participants listened to a soundtrack depicting traumatic scenes (e.g., police brutality, torture and rape). Immediately after listening to the soundtrack, the subjects completed a randomly assigned task for 10 min. Intrusions from the soundtrack were reported in a diary during the following seven-day period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In line with a modality-specific approach to intrusion modulation, auditory intrusions were reduced by verbal tasks compared to both a no-task and a visuospatial interference task..
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study did not control for individual differences in imagery ability which may be a feature in intrusion development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results provide an increased understanding of how intrusive mental images can be modulated which may have implications for preventive treatment..
authors.affiliation: Mid Sweden University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fara
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tabrizi
authors.affiliation: Mid Sweden University, Sweden. Electronic address: billy.jansson@miun.se.
authors.forename: Billy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jansson
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Involuntary memories; Memory consolidation; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Working memory