title: High-Resolution Analyses of Human Leukocyte Antigens Allele and Haplotype Frequencies Based on 169,995 Volunteers from the China Bone Marrow Donor Registry Program.
abstract: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a widely used and effective therapy for hematopoietic malignant diseases and numerous other disorders. High-resolution human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype frequency distributions not only facilitate individual donor searches but also determine the probability with which a particular patient can find HLA-matched donors in a registry. The frequencies of the HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles and haplotypes were estimated among 169,995 Chinese volunteers using the sequencing-based typing (SBT) method. Totals of 191 HLA-A, 244 HLA-B, 146 HLA-C, 143 HLA-DRB1 and 47 HLA-DQB1 alleles were observed, which accounted for 6.98%, 7.06%, 6.46%, 9.11% and 7.91%, respectively, of the alleles in each locus in the world (IMGT 3.16 Release, Apr. 2014). Among the 100 most common haplotypes from the 169,995 individuals, nine distinct haplotypes displayed significant regionally specific distributions. Among these, three were predominant in the South China region (i.e., the 20th, 31st, and 81sthaplotypes), another three were predominant in the Southwest China region (i.e., the 68th, 79th, and 95th haplotypes), one was predominant in the South and Southwest China regions (the 18th haplotype), one was relatively common in the Northeast and North China regions (the 94th haplotype), and one was common in the Northeast, North and Northwest China (the 40th haplotype). In conclusion, this is the first to analyze high-resolution HLA diversities across the entire country of China, based on a detailed and complete data set that covered 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. Specifically, we also evaluated the HLA matching probabilities within and between geographic regions and analyzed the regional differences in the HLA diversities in China. We believe that the data presented in this study might be useful for unrelated HLA-matched donor searches, donor registry planning, population genetic studies, and anthropogenesis studies.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Quality control laboratory, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Zhejiang Blood Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Fa-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Chongqing Blood Center, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Taiyuan Red Cross Blood Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: De-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Shaanxi Blood Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Li
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Quality control laboratory, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ai-Lian
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hei
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Quality control laboratory, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Da-Peng
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Quality control laboratory, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Henan Blood Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Bo-Wei
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, Shandong.
authors.forename: Chuan-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Hebei Blood Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Lei
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Dalian Red Cross Blood Center, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Xinjiang Blood Center, Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Kunming Blood Center, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Hefei Red Cross Blood Center, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Gansu Red Cross Blood Center, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Ying
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Jiangxi Blood Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Nanning Blood Center, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Heng-Cong
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Xiamen Blood Center, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Changchun Blood Center, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Li-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Harbin Red Cross Blood Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Qingdao Blood Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Yueyang Red Cross Blood Center, Yueyang, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Changsha Blood Center, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Soochow Red Cross Blood Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ying
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Di
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yao-Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, BFR Transplant Diagnostic Service Center, Beijing China.
authors.forename: Hong-Lei
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, BFR Transplant Diagnostic Service Center, Beijing China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, CapitalBio Corporation, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: HLA Laboratory, Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Zhen
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of HLA Technology, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of HLA Technology, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of HLA Technology, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Quality control laboratory, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Quality control laboratory, China Bone Marrow Program, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000276:immunology*; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006239:Haplotypes; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D014838:Volunteers; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I