title: Smoking cessation and the effect of nicotine dependence on relapse rate in Izmir, Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the world. There is growing evidence of the need for community- based programs on smoking cessation. The main purpose of this study is to establish the rate of smoking cessation and restarting in 1 year at the Balçova Smoking Cessation Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective study with a study group of 359 individuals who quit smoking at the Balçova Smoking Cessation Center for at least 4 weeks between October 2009 and April 2010. The outcomes of the study were 1-year cessation rate and relapse rate. Individuals who reported restarting and/or had CO measurements above 6 ppm were accepted as quitters who had relapsed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 1-year rate of smoking cessation was 30.1% for the study group. Of the subjects who quit smoking, 50.1% started smoking again during the 1-year follow-up. Relapse rate was also higher in nicotine addicts. Pharmacological treatment was associated with increased success rates in smoking cessation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nicotine dependency was shown to be associated with lower rates of smoking cessation and higher rates of relapse. Therefore, it is important to begin smoking cessation attempts before individuals become serious addicts.
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Pekel
authors.forename: Gül
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ergör
authors.forename: Türkan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Günay
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baydur
authors.forename: Beril
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Choussein
authors.forename: Refik
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Budak
authors.forename: Sinem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doğanay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D000068580:Varenicline
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D011810:Quinoxalines; D016642:Bupropion; D000068580:Varenicline