title: Effect of two different healing times on the mineralization of newly formed bone using a bovine bone substitute in sinus floor augmentation: a randomized, controlled, clinical and histological investigation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the amount of the mineralization of a bovine bone substitute material in sinus floor augmentation after healing times of 3 and 6 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one patients were randomized into two healing time groups and received sinus floor augmentations with a bovine bone material. After 3 or 6 months of healing, trephine bone biopsies were retrieved. The biopsies were processed for histological and histomorphometric evaluations to primarily investigate the amount of mineralized bone in the augmented area and secondarily compare the amount of mineralized bone in the augmented area and in the pristine bone. Statistical tests were performed to analyse the fraction of the mineralized bone (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The biopsies of both groups showed remnants of the well-integrated bone substitute material. The histology revealed osteoblasts, osteocytes with osteoid, and osteoclasts. The mean percentage of mineralized bone in the augmented area was 23.8% (3 months group) and 23.6% (6 months group; p = 0.9246); the amount of remaining bone substitute material was 35% (3 months group) and 33.9% (6 months group; p = 0.6325).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that the bone maturation in the augmented sinus using the bovine bone material is similar after 3 and 6 months. Thus, implant installation after 3 months following a lateral window sinus floor augmentation approach using a bovine bone material seems to be clinically acceptable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine,  Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf Joachim
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kohal
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Center for Dental, Oral and Maxillary Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gubik
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Strohl
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stampf
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine,  Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bächle
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine,  Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Adrian Alexander
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hurrle
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine,  Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian Berthold Maximilian
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Patzelt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008443:Maxillary Sinus; D010012:Osteogenesis; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes
keywords: bone regeneration; bone substitute; dental materials; histology; microscopy; oral implants