title: Salmonella Typhimurium exploits inflammation to its own advantage in piglets.
abstract: Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is responsible for foodborne zoonotic infections that, in humans, induce self-limiting gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the wild-type strain S. Typhimurium (STM14028) is able to exploit inflammation fostering an active infection. Due to the similarity between human and porcine diseases induced by S. Typhimurium, we used piglets as a model for salmonellosis and gastrointestinal research. This study showed that STM14028 is able to efficiently colonize in vitro porcine mono-macrophages and intestinal columnar epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells, and that the colonization significantly increases with LPS pre-treatment. This increase was then reversed by inhibiting the LPS stimulation through LPS antagonist, confirming an active role of LPS stimulation in STM14028-intracellular colonization. Moreover, LPS in vivo treatment increased cytokines blood level and body temperature at 4 h post infection, which is consistent with an acute inflammatory stimulus, capable to influence the colonization of STM14028 in different organs and tissues. The present study proves for the first time that in acute enteric salmonellosis, S. Typhimurium exploits inflammation for its benefit in piglets.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Prophyilaxis and Control of Bacterial Zoonoses, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chirullo
authors.affiliation: Unit of Prophyilaxis and Control of Bacterial Zoonoses, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy ; VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense Madrid Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pesciaroli
authors.affiliation: Unit of Prophyilaxis and Control of Bacterial Zoonoses, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy ; Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università degli Studi di Padova Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drumo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruggeri
authors.affiliation: S.S. Genova, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Razzuoli
authors.affiliation: Unit of Prophyilaxis and Control of Bacterial Zoonoses, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pistoia
authors.affiliation: Unit of Prophyilaxis and Control of Bacterial Zoonoses, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petrucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.affiliation: Research and Development area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cucco
authors.affiliation: Research and Development area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moscati
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amadori
authors.affiliation: Research and Development area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Magistrali
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Alborali
authors.affiliation: Unit of Prophyilaxis and Control of Bacterial Zoonoses, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasquali
keywords: Salmonella typhimurium; immune response; inflammation; pig; salmonellosis