title: Complete Plastid Genome Sequence of the Brown Alga Undaria pinnatifida.
abstract: In this study, we fully sequenced the circular plastid genome of a brown alga, Undaria pinnatifida. The genome is 130,383 base pairs (bp) in size; it contains a large single-copy (LSC, 76,598 bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC, 42,977 bp), separated by two inverted repeats (IRa and IRb: 5,404 bp). The genome contains 139 protein-coding, 28 tRNA, and 6 rRNA genes; none of these genes contains introns. Organization and gene contents of the U. pinnatifida plastid genome were similar to those of Saccharina japonica. There is a co-linear relationship between the plastid genome of U. pinnatifida and that of three previously sequenced large brown algal species. Phylogenetic analyses of 43 taxa based on 23 plastid protein-coding genes grouped all plastids into a red or green lineage. In the large brown algae branch, U. pinnatifida and S. japonica formed a sister clade with much closer relationship to Ectocarpus siliculosus than to Fucus vesiculosus. For the first time, the start codon ATT was identified in the plastid genome of large brown algae, in the atpA gene of U. pinnatifida. In addition, we found a gene-length change induced by a 3-bp repetitive DNA in ycf35 and ilvB genes of the U. pinnatifida plastid genome.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xumin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guoliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D054627:Genome, Plastid; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics*; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D044648:Undaria / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012335:RNA, Ribosomal