title: Risk Factors for Puncture Site Complications After Endovascular Procedures in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare femoral access site closure techniques and to highlight risk factors for puncture site complications after lower extremity endovascular procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 787 patients. Procedures were performed according to a standardized protocol. Puncture site complications within 24 hours were regarded as study end points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety (11.5%) puncture site complications were registered. Conventional manual compression (n = 87, 11.1%) was significantly associated with puncture site complications (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, P = .03). Body mass index > 25 kg/m(2) (OR 0.54, P = .01) and prothrombin time > 70% (OR 0.38, P = .04) were protective. All bleeding occurred in procedures >45 minutes. Blood pressure >200 mm Hg and below the knee (BTK) procedures were strong predictors for access site complications (OR 4.21, P = .01 and OR 3.33, P = .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed an inferiority of conventional manual compression. Age, procedure duration > 45 minutes, BTK procedures, uncontrolled hypertension, and impaired coagulation were risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria gerald.hackl@medunigraz.at.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hackl
authors.affiliation: Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gary
authors.affiliation: Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Klara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Belaj
authors.affiliation: Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hafner
authors.affiliation: Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eller
authors.affiliation: Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brodmann
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D001794:Blood Pressure; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D011312:Pressure; D065840:Protective Factors; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: complications; endovascular; peripheral arterial disease