title: Individual and combined effects of deoxynivalenol and α-zearalenol on cell proliferation and steroidogenesis of granulosa cells in cattle.
abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) metabolite, α-zearalenol (α-Zol), on cell proliferation and steroidogenesis of bovine large (LG) follicle granulosa cells (GC). LGGC were obtained from bovine ovarian follicles (8-22 mm) and were cultured for 2 days in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum followed by 1 or 2 days in serum-free medium without (control) or with treatments. Three different experiments were performed using different dosages of DON and α-Zol and in different combinations and a fourth experiment evaluated estradiol effects on granulosa cell proliferation. DON inhibited progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) production at high dose. α-Zol alone and in combination with DON increased cell growth. Estradiol inhibited cell growth indicating α-Zol is not acting as an estrogen agonist. This study demonstrates that α-Zol and DON can impact in vitro GC function, however further studies will be required to better understand the mechanism of action and reproductive effects of Fusarium mycotoxins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pizzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 10, 20133 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: francesca.caloni@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caloni
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Schutz
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Morgan L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Totty
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Leon J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Spicer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013256:Steroids / Q000378:metabolism*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015029:Zeranol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids; D014255:Trichothecenes; C029659:zearalenol; D015029:Zeranol; C007262:deoxynivalenol
keywords: Cattle; Estradiol; Fusarium mycotoxins; Ovary function; Progesterone