title: [Risk factor of intestinal colonization with vancomycin resistant Enterococcus spp in hospitalized pediatric patients with oncological disease].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The isolation of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp (ERV) has increased significantly within the last few years, along with the risk of infection and dissemination of these bacteria. Our aim was to determine risk factors (RF) for intestinal colonization in hospitalized pediatric patients with oncological disease at Hospital de Niños Roberto del Río.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2012 and December 2013 a transversal study was performed with 107 rectal swabs and processed with a PCR for ERV. The patients were classified as "colonized with ERV" and "not colonized with ERV" and we evaluated possible RF for intestinal colonization in both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VRE colonization was found in 51 patients (52%). The median of time elapsed between oncological diagnosis and VRE colonization was 35 days. The significant RF associated with VRE colonization were days of hospitalization prior to study, neutropenia and treatment with antibiotics within 30 days prior to study and mucositis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the RF revealed in this study we may suggest prevention standards to avoid ERV colonization. This is the first investigation in our country in hospitalized pediatric patients with oncological disease and processed with a multiplex PCR for ERV, therefore it is a great contribution about this subject in Chile.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loyola
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tordecilla
authors.forename: Dona
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benadof
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yohannessen
authors.forename: Mirta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Acuña
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D007902:Length of Stay; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D052016:Mucositis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance; D065507:Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*