title: Myocardial and Peripheral Ischemia Causes an Increase in Circulating Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A in Non-atherosclerotic, Non-heparinized Pigs.
abstract: The usefulness of circulating pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) as a biomarker for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is widely debated. We used the pig as a model to assess PAPP-A dynamics in the setting of myocardial ischemia. Induction of myocardial ischemia by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery caused a systemic rise in PAPP-A. However, the ischemic myocardium was excluded as the source of PAPP-A. Interestingly, induction of ischemia in peripheral tissues by ligation of the left femoral artery caused a systemic rise in PAPP-A originating from the left hind limb. This is the first study to demonstrate PAPP-A elevations in the absence of atherosclerosis or heparin during myocardial ischemia. Our findings thus add to the current discussion of the usefulness of PAPP-A as a biomarker for ACS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lasse Bach
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Steffensen
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christian Bo
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jeong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bek
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Cheryl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Conover
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jacob Fog
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bentzon
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. co@mbg.au.dk.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oxvig
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006493:Heparin; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Biomarker; Ischemia; Myocardium; Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A; Reperfusion