title: Surface Modifications and Their Effects on Titanium Dental Implants.
abstract: This review covers several basic methodologies of surface treatment and their effects on titanium (Ti) implants. The importance of each treatment and its effects will be discussed in detail in order to compare their effectiveness in promoting osseointegration. Published literature for the last 18 years was selected with the use of keywords like titanium dental implant, surface roughness, coating, and osseointegration. Significant surface roughness played an important role in providing effective surface for bone implant contact, cell proliferation, and removal torque, despite having good mechanical properties. Overall, published studies indicated that an acid etched surface-modified and a coating application on commercial pure titanium implant was most preferable in producing the good surface roughness. Thus, a combination of a good surface roughness and mechanical properties of titanium could lead to successful dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, UKM, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jemat
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, UKM, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ghazali
authors.affiliation: Department of Peridontology, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Razali
authors.affiliation: Department of System Safety, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-Cho, Nagaoka-shi, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium