title: Iron-Binding Capacity of Defatted Rice Bran Hydrolysate and Bioavailability of Iron in Caco-2 Cells.
abstract: The present study was aimed at utilizing defatted rice bran (DRB) protein as an iron-binding peptide to enhance iron uptake in humans. DRB samples were treated with Alcalase and Flavourzyme, and the total extractable peptides were determined. Furthermore, the iron-binding capacities of the DRB protein hydrolysates were determined, whereas iron bioavailability studies were conducted using an in vitro digestion and absorption model (Caco-2 cells). The results showed that the DRB protein hydrolysates produced by combined Alcalase and Flavourzyme hydrolysis had the best iron-binding capacity (83%) after 90 min of hydrolysis. The optimal hydrolysis time to produce the best iron-uptake in Caco-2 cells was found to be 180 min. The results suggested that DRB protein hydrolysates have potent iron-binding capacities and may enhance the bioavailability of iron, hence their suitability for use as iron-fortified supplements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and ‡Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lian-Chee
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Foong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and ‡Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mustapha Umar
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Imam
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and ‡Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Maznah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D005511:Food Handling; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D007501:Iron
keywords: Caco-2 cell culture; defatted rice bran; hydrolysate; iron binding; iron bioavailability; iron uptake