title: [Long-term efficacy of Fadenoperation associated to conventional surgery in the treatment of esotropia with distance-near incomitance: About 55 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to evaluate the short-, medium- and long-term efficacy of posterior fixation sutures with conventional surgery in controlling strabismus in the case of esotropia with distance-near incomitance.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients with partially accommodative and non-accommodative esotropia associated with distance-near incomitance who underwent posterior fixation sutures along with conventional surgery. The preoperative and postoperative distance and near deviation measurements and the distance-near incomitance were evaluated at 1, 6 and 12 years. Surgical success was defined as a postoperative distance angle and a distance-near incomitance less than 10 prism diopters (PD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 55 patients were included. Preoperatively, the mean distance deviation, near deviation and distance-near incomitance were 15.9 (± 3.4), 29.7 (± 5.8) and 13.8 (± 3.1) PD, respectively. Postoperatively, the mean distance deviation was 1.6 (± 0.8) PD (P < 0.001) at 1 year, 2.8 (± 1.6) PD (P< 0.005) at 6 years and 5.6 (± 2.4) PD (P < 0.05) at 12 years. The mean near deviation was 7.8 (± 2.3) PD (P < 0.001) at 1 year, 10.5 (± 3.7) PD (P < 0.005) at 6 years and 15.2 (± 4.4) PD (P < 0.05) at 12 years. The mean distance-near incomitance was 5.2 (± 1.8) PD (P < 0.01) at 1 year, 7.7 (± 2.8) PD (P < 0.05) at 6 years and 9.6 (± 3.2) PD (P > 0.05) at 12 years. The success rate was 91, 78 and 58% at 1, 6 and 12 years, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distance-near incomitance is a source of amblyopia. It needs to be corrected while treating an esotropia. This study seems to confirm the short- and medium-term efficacy of posterior fixation sutures along with conventional surgery in the treatment of this problem. It also seems to show progressive, albeit partial, loss of its long-term efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France. Electronic address: fakhouryomar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fakhoury
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Donnadieu
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guigue
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benichou
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Denis
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004948:Esotropia / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cüppers string operation; Distance-near incomitance; Fadenoperation; Incomitance loin-près; Myopexie postérieure; Non-accommodative esotropia; Opération du fil de Cüppers; Partially accommodative esotropia; Posterior fixation sutures; Posterior myopexy; Ésotropie non accommodative; Ésotropie partiellement accommodative