title: Identifying Target Risk Factors Using Population Attributable Risks of Ischemic Stroke by Age and Sex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Estimating age- and sex-specific population attributable risks (PARs) of major risk factors for stroke may be a useful strategy to identify risk factors for targeting preventive strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this case-control matched study, consecutive patients aged 18-90 years and admitted to nine nationwide hospitals with acute ischemic stroke between December 2008 and June 2010, were enrolled as cases. Controls, individually matched by age and sex, were chosen from the 4th Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2010). Based on odds ratios and prevalence, standardized according to the age and sex structure of the Korean population, PARs of major risk factors were estimated according to age (young, ≤ 45; middle-aged, 46-65; and elderly, ≥ 66 years) and sex subgroups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 4,743 matched case-control sets, smoking (PAR, 45.1%) was the greatest contributing risk factor in young men, followed by hypertension (28.5%). In middle-aged men, the greatest contributing factors were smoking (37.4%), hypertension (22.7%), and diabetes (14.6%), whereas in women the greatest factors were hypertension (22.7%) and stroke history (10.6%). In the elderly, hypertension was the leading factor in men (23.7%) and women (23.4%). Other noticeable factors were stroke history (men, 19.7%; women, 17.3%) and diabetes (men, 12.5%; women, 15.1%). In young women, risk factors with a PAR greater than 10% were not found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking cessation in young people and hypertension and diabetes control in older people may be effective in reducing the burden of stroke on the population. In the elderly, secondary prevention could also be emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tai Hwan
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngchai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Bok
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Moon-Ku
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Moo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Ilsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Ilsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Chul
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Woo
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Juneyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bae
keywords: Ischemic stroke; Population attributable risk; Risk factor