title: Reduced neural response to food cues following exercise is accompanied by decreased energy intake in obese adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute exercise has been found to favor a transient anorexigenic effect in obese adolescents. Although the role of some gastro-peptides has been suggested as an explanation for this observed reduced energy intake after exercise, it is unknown whether neural pathways involved in the regulation of food intake are modulated in youth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and aerobic capacities were assessed in 19 obese adolescent boys. Participants were randomized to remain at rest in a sitting position (CON condition) or to exercise 45 min at 65% of their maximal capacities (EX condition) by the end of the morning. An attentional computer task with electroencephalography recording was completed immediately after the exercise or sitting period to measure an event-related component (P3b) reflecting the level of cognitive engagement in the processing of food cues. A lunch test-meal was offered ad libitum and appetite feelings assessed at regular intervals using visual analog scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 45-min cycling exercise set at 65% VO2max induced a mean energy expenditure of 399±75 kcal. Both absolute (P<0.05) and relative (P<0.001) subsequent energy intake were significantly reduced after EX (1037±260 and 639±256 kcal, respectively) compared with CON (1116±243 and 1011±239 kcal, respectively). The energy ingested derived from each macronutrient and self-reported appetite remained unchanged. Although the amplitudes of the P3b component evoked by food and non-food visual stimuli were not significantly different during CON, the response to food cues was significantly reduced compared with non-food stimuli after exercise (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An acute exercise favors decreased neural response to food cues compared with non-food ones in obese adolescents that may contribute to their subsequently reduced energy intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Fearnbach
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|CNRS, UMR 6024, LAPSCO, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silvert
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.|Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.affiliation: Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Genin
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1397, Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U1060, Université Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, Université Lyon-Sud Rockefeller et Charles Merieux, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morio
authors.affiliation: Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duclos
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Department of Human Nutriton, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boirie
authors.affiliation: Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France.|CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thivel
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition; D003463:Cues; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk / Q000502:physiology*; D012146:Rest
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines