title: Effects of dietary garlic scape meal on the growth and meat characteristics of geese.
abstract: This study evaluated the growth performance and meat characteristics of grower geese whose diets included garlic scape meal (GSM), a by-product of garlic production. Scape is the leaf-less flower stem of garlic. Garlic scape (GS) extracts contained 84.7 ± 3.8 μg/g dry weight (DW), 81.4 ± 8.2 μg/g DW, 0.78 ± 0.05 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DW and 31.67 ± 2.25 μg/g DW of allicin, alliin, total phenolics and flavonoid contents, respectively. In total, 120 White Roman geese aged 5 weeks were randomly distributed among 12 pens and fed on a grower diet ad libitum during the growth period. Employing a completely random design, 5 males and 5 females were placed in each pen. Each treatment was applied to three pens (in total 30 birds) and the treatments comprised the following: 1) control (maize-soybean meal), 2) 5% of maize replaced with 5% of GSM (5% GSM), 3) 10% of maize replaced with 10% of GSM (10% GSM) and 4) 15% of maize replaced with 15% of GSM (15% GSM). Each group of 30 birds was treated for 8 weeks. The results revealed that the 15% GSM group was characterised by a lower feed conversion ratio than the control group; however, these groups did not differ significantly in their body weights (BWs). In addition, the 10% GSM group did not differ in both the feed conversion ratio and consumption. The flavour intensity score of meats in the 10% GSM group was significantly lower than those of meats in the 5% GSM and control groups. The general acceptability scores of meats in the 5% GSM and control groups were higher than those of meat in the 10% GSM group. The study concluded that 5% dietary GSM in the feed did not adversely affect the growth performance, meat characteristics or sensory evaluation of grower geese. Hence, the environment can be protected by including agricultural waste in goose diets.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402 , Taiwan.|b Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Changhua 512 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402 , Taiwan.|b Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Changhua 512 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: b Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Changhua 512 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jea
authors.affiliation: c Division of Animal Products Procession , Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture , Tainan 712 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005777:Geese / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts