title: The Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger 1 (NCX1) Variant 3 as the Major Extrusion System in Renal Distal Tubular Transcellular Ca2+-Transport.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fine-tuning of renal calcium (Ca(2+)) reabsorption takes place in the late distal convoluted and connecting tubules (DCT2/CNT) of the kidney via transcellular Ca(2+) transport. Here, Ca(2+) enters the cell at the apical side via the epithelial Ca(2+) channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 and is subsequently extruded at the basolateral side by the concerted actions of the plasma membrane Ca(2+) ATPases and the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1). NCX1 is responsible for ∼ 70% of basolateral Ca(2+) extrusion. The aim of this study was to determine the predominant NCX1 variant in the kidney and its role in Ca(2+) transport.
  
  
  METHODS
  DCT2/CNT specific tubules were used to show the abundance of NCX1 specific isoforms. Renal NCX1 variants were cloned from mouse kidney tissue. Human Embryonic Kidney 293(T) cells were transiently transfected with NCX1.3, and Fura-2 measurements and 45Ca(2+) uptake assays were performed to determine several characteristics of NCX1.3 in the reverse mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NCX1.3 was demonstrated to be the predominant NCX1 variant in the DCT2/CNT, next to NCX1.2 and NCX1.7. NCX1.3 could be inhibited by SN-6, an NCX-specific inhibitor, whereas stimulation of the cAMP/PKA or PKC-mediated pathway did not affect Ca(2+) influx as measured in the reverse mode. Lowering intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations resulted in a decreased Ca(2+) uptake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NCX1.3 is the predominant NCX variant in the DCT2/CNT tubules. Its function is dependent on intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eline A E
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: van der Hagen
authors.forename: Ellen P M
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: van Loon
authors.forename: Sjoerd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verkaart
authors.forename: Femke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Latta
authors.forename: René J M
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bindels
authors.forename: Joost G J
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hoenderop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons; D014644:Genetic Variation; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; C110374:sodium-calcium exchanger 1; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium