title: Retrospective volume analysis of bone remodeling after tooth extraction with and without deproteinized bovine bone mineral insertion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to analyze volume changes of post-extractive sockets grafted with or without deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and a resorbable barrier.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective analysis utilized patients who had undergone tooth extraction. Sites, one per patient, were allocated to two groups: post-extractive non-grafted sockets (NG) and post-extractive grafted sockets with DBBM and resorbable barrier insertion (G). Maximal primary soft tissue closure was sought for both procedures. Before extraction and 6 months later, three-dimensional features of the sockets (linear indexes, areas, and volumes) and outcome variables at 6 months (volume- and surface changes) were acquired through computer tomography scans. Intra- and inter-group comparisons of the outcome variables were performed. Nonparametric tests were applied with a level of significance set at P < 0.01.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four sites, 9 grafted and 15 ungrafted, were enrolled. Between baseline and the 6-month evaluation, significant bone volume loss, superior surface shrinkage, and height reduction were registered for the G (72 mm(3) , 76 mm(2) , and 0.5 mm, respectively) and the NG group (274 mm(3) , 87 mm(2) , and 1.8 mm, respectively) with all P-values ≤ 0.0039. A significant difference, regarding the percentage of the volume change, was registered between the two procedures with a volume loss of 9.9% for the grafted sockets and 34.8% for the ungrafted ones (P-value = 0.0073).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Grafting of the sockets with DBBM and a resorbable barrier insertion seemed to reduce negative osseous remodeling in the short term when compared to that of the ungrafted sockets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sbordone
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Ranieri
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martuscelli
authors.affiliation: Complex Operating Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guidetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.
authors.forename: Ludovico
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sbordone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes
keywords: alveolar bone remodeling; deproteinized bovine bone mineral; ridge preservation; tooth extraction