title: Enrichment, Distribution of Vanadium-Containing Protein in Vanadium-Enriched Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and the Ameliorative Effect on Insulin Resistance.
abstract: Sea cucumbers are a potential source of natural organic vanadium that may improve insulin resistance. In this work, vanadium was accumulated rapidly in blood, body wall, and intestine by sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Furthermore, water-soluble vanadium-containing proteins, the main form of the organic vanadium, were tentatively accumulated and isolated by a bioaccumulation experiment. It was also designed to evaluate the beneficial effect of vanadium-containing proteins (VCPs) from sea cucumber rich in vanadium on the development of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFSD). HFSD mice treated with VCPs significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR values as compared to HFSD mice, respectively. Serum adiponectin, resistin, TNF-α, and leptin levels in insulin-resistant mice were dramatically reduced by a VCP supplement. These results show an ameliorative effect on insulin resistance by treatment with VCPs. Such compound seems to be a valuable therapy to achieve and/or maintain glycemic control and therapeutic agents in the treatment arsenal for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Qingxin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yanlei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yuming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jingfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. xuech@ouc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Changhu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012616:Sea Cucumbers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D014639:Vanadium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008667:Metalloproteins; D014639:Vanadium; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Insulin resistance; Sea cucumber; Vanadium; Vanadium-containing proteins