title: Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer.
abstract: Tissue engineering has centralized its focus on the construction of replacements for non-functional or damaged tissue. The utilization of three-dimensional bioprinting in tissue engineering has generated new methods for the printing of cells and matrix to fabricate biomimetic tissue constructs. The solid freeform fabrication (SFF) method developed for three-dimensional bioprinting uses an additive manufacturing approach by depositing droplets of cells and hydrogels in a layer-by-layer fashion. Bioprinting fabrication is dependent on the specific placement of biological materials into three-dimensional architectures, and the printed constructs should closely mimic the complex organization of cells and extracellular matrices in native tissue. This paper highlights the use of the Palmetto Printer, a Cartesian bioprinter, as well as the process of producing spatially organized, viable constructs while simultaneously allowing control of environmental factors. This methodology utilizes computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to produce these specific and complex geometries. Finally, this approach allows for the reproducible production of fabricated constructs optimized by controllable printing parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina; sdennis@tulane.edu.
authors.forename: Sarah Grace
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Trusk
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University.
authors.forename: Dylan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fann
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Markwald
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yost
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000464:Alginates; D032701:Biomimetics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D062028:Bioprinting / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels; D012984:Software; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D020100:Hydrogels