title: Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood cultures in Africa.
abstract: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been isolated from many regions of the world. Epidemiological studies are being conducted in Europe, North America, and Asia. No study has however been conducted in Africa to determine the prevalence and distribution of ESBLs on the continent. This literature review aimed at describing the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood cultures, as well as the ESBL genes involved at the international level. Our focus was mainly on Africa. We conducted a literature review on PubMed. Articles related to our study field and published between 1996 and 2014 were reviewed and entirely read for most of them, while we only focused on the abstracts of some other articles. Relevant articles to our study were then carefully reviewed and included in the review. The prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae differs from one country to another. The results of our literature review however indicate that class A ESBLs prevail over the other types. We took into consideration articles focusing on various types of samples to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, but information on isolates from blood cultures is limited. The worldwide prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae has increased over time. Evidence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae can be found in all regions of the world. Studies conducted in Africa mainly focused on the Northern and Eastern parts of the continent, while only rare studies were carried out in the rest of the continent.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Gabriel-Touré, Bamako, Mali; Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard and UMR Inserm 1137 Iame, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France; Faculty of pharmacy, university of sciences, techniques, and technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali. Electronic address: vieuxsamba@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sangare
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Gabriel-Touré, Bamako, Mali; Faculty of pharmacy, university of sciences, techniques, and technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Maiga
authors.affiliation: Faculty of pharmacy, university of sciences, techniques, and technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali; National institute for research in public health, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guindo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Point G, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maiga
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Gabriel-Touré, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Camara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Point G, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savadogo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of pharmacy, university of sciences, techniques, and technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali; Infectious diseases center "Charles Mérieux", Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of pharmacy, university of sciences, techniques, and technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali; National institute for research in public health, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bougoudogo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard and UMR Inserm 1137 Iame, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Armand-Lefevre
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard and UMR Inserm 1137 Iame, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75018 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andremont
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of bacteriology, university hospital Point G, Bamako, Mali; Faculty of medicine and odonto-stomatology, university of sciences, techniques, and technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Maiga
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Africa; Afrique; Blood culture; Bêtalactamases à spectre étendu; Enterobacteriaceae; Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases; Hémoculture