title: Treatment satisfaction in type 2 diabetes patients taking empagliflozin compared with patients taking glimepiride.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This exploratory analysis assessed and compared patients' treatment satisfaction with empagliflozin plus metformin versus glimepiride plus metformin, using data obtained from the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire, status version (DTSQs) collected in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observed values for DTSQs scale score and each of its eight items were summarized by visit and treatment arm. Changes from baseline in these scores were analyzed using linear mixed models for repeated measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline scale score and item scores were comparable between empagliflozin plus metformin (n = 765) and glimepiride plus metformin (n = 780). Compared with baseline, patients reported significant treatment satisfaction increases and significant decreases in perceived hyperglycemia with both treatments at all visits. Also, compared with baseline, a significant increase in perceived frequency of hypoglycemia was observed in the glimepiride treatment group at all visits. No statistically significant treatment difference was observed in DTSQs scale score and its items at week 104. The difference between the treatment groups was significant and in favor of empagliflozin from week 28 onward for perceived frequency of hyperglycemia (P ≤ 0.006) and perceived frequency of hypoglycemia (P ≤ 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite positive trends in favor of empagliflozin, there was no significant difference in DTSQs scale score between empagliflozin and glimepiride at 104 weeks. However, when compared with glimepiride, empagliflozin demonstrated significantly lower perceived frequency of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia at all visits from week 28 onward. This finding is consistent with the clinical results reported for the EMPA-REG H2H-SU trial.
authors.affiliation: RTI Health Solutions, 200 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA. cchirila@rti.org.
authors.forename: Costel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chirila
authors.affiliation: RTI Health Solutions, 200 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Qingyao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: RTI Health Solutions, 200 Park Offices Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davenport
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Binger Str. 173, 55216, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaschinski
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Binger Str. 173, 55216, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Egon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pfarr
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Binger Str. 173, 55216, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hach
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Binger Str. 173, 55216, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palencia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005960:Glucosides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D005960:Glucosides; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C057619:glimepiride; C570240:empagliflozin
keywords: Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire; Empagliflozin; Glimepiride; Type 2 diabetes mellitus