title: Genetic association of the transcription of neuroplasticity-related genes and variation in stress-coping style.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stress coping has been defined as the cognitive and behavioral efforts made to conquer, endure, or decrease external and internal demands and the conflicts between them. It has two main elements: the control or modification of the person-environment relationship causing the stress (i.e., problem-focused coping) and/or regulation of stressful feelings (i.e., emotion-focused coping). Research suggests that the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (NTRK2) play important roles in brain adaptation to investigate stress. To clarify the genetic basis of stress coping, we investigated the association of stress-coping strategies and social adaptation with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in neural plasticity, anxiety, and depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 252 healthy controls (94 women; 158 men), we measured and estimated the stress-coping style using the Lazarus-type stress-coping inventory, ego aptitude scale (EAS), and social adaptation self-evaluation scale (SASS). We investigated one SNP of BDNF (rs6265, Val/Met) and five SNPs of NTRK2 (rs11140800, rs1187286, rs1867283, rs1147198, and rs10868235).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed significant associations between BDNF and emotion-focused strategies, seeking social support, self-control, and distancing. We also found significant associations between NTRK2 and cognitive strategies, problem-solving, confrontive- coping, seeking social support, distancing and positive reappraisal. Significant associations were also found between BDNF and critical attitudes and between NTRK2 and all seven ego-related factors on the EAS. In the SASS, the minor allele rs1867283 of NTRK2 had a significantly higher score than the heterozygote.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings may provide insights into the partial effects of genetic mutations in BDNF and NTRK2 on stress tolerance and personality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Saeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishitobi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Linguistics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Taiga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiwa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanehisa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama-Machi, Yufu-Shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Jotaro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001007:Anxiety / Q000235:genetics; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020813:Receptor, trkB; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020813:Receptor, trkB; C000591259:tropomyosin-related kinase-B, human
keywords: BDNF; Lazarus-type stress-coping inventory; NTRK2; ego aptitude scale; polymorphism; social adaptation self-evaluation scale