title: [Levobupivacaine for Ultrasound-guided Interscalene Block: Block with 6 ml Leads to Less Occurrence of Respiratory Depression and Hemidiaphragmatic Paralysis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interscalene brachial plexus block (ISBPB) complications depend usually on the dose administered.
  
  
  METHODS
  The object of this study was to determine whether ultrasound-guided ISBPB with 6 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine would reduce occurrence of respiratory depression and hemidiaphragmatic paralysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery under nerve block with general anesthesia (n = 20) were recruited. There were no differences between pre and post operative respiratory function (forced expiratory volume 1.0 (sec) % and vital capacity). Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis on postoperative ultrasonography was found in two patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of low-volume ultrasound-guided ISBPB is associated with less respiratory depression and hemidiaphragmatic paralysis.
authors.forename: Taketo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shinnosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Keikoh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aishin
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012133:Respiratory Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine