title: Characteristics of visual fatigue under the effect of 3D animation.
abstract: Visual fatigue is commonly encountered in modern life. Clinical visual fatigue characteristics caused by 2-D and 3-D animations may be different, but have not been characterized in detail. This study tried to distinguish the differential effects on visual fatigue caused by 2-D and 3-D animations. A total of 23 volunteers were subjected to accommodation and vergence assessments, followed by a 40-min video game program designed to aggravate their asthenopic symptoms. The volunteers were then assessed for accommodation and vergence parameters again and directed to watch a 5-min 3-D video program, and then assessed again for the parameters. The results support that the 3-D animations caused similar characteristics in vision fatigue parameters in some specific aspects as compared to that caused by 2-D animations. Furthermore, 3-D animations may lead to more exhaustion in both ciliary and extra-ocular muscles, and such differential effects were more evident in the high demand of near vision work. The current results indicated that an arbitrary set of indexes may be promoted in the design of 3-D display or equipments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Department of Optometry, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, MiaoLi, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Shuo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electornic Engineering, National Yunlin University, Yunlin, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kwong-Chung
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tung
authors.affiliation: Department of Electornic Engineering, National Yunlin University, Yunlin, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fong-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Jhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: David Pei-Cheng
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D001248:Asthenopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D018910:Video Games; D014787:Vision Tests
keywords: 3-D animation; accommodation-vergence linkage; fatigue parameters; visual fatigue