title: Frequency of ABO blood groups and RhD factor in the female population of District Peshawar.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of ABO blood group and Rhesus (Rh) D antigen in the females of "District" Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted on 429 women having pregnancy induced hypertension, admitted in the three teaching hospitals of Peshawar, over a period of one year. Blood sample was collected from each subject after taking informed consent. The antigen antibody agglutination slide test for "blood grouping (ABO)" and RhD factors was done by using IgM and IgG monoclonal reagents. The antisera used were from Biolaboratory, USA. Data was analyzed for percentage calculation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The blood group distribution was 134 (31.2%), 43 (10.1%), 116 (27%), 136 (31.7%) for blood groups A, AB, O and B, respectively. Subjects having blood group B was slightly more dominant, followed by A and O, while blood group AB was rare in these females. Blood group A Rh negative is more in female 12 (37.5%) followed by group O 10 (31.3%), group B 09 (28.1%) and group AB 01 (3.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frequency of "Rh-positive blood group" is B, A, O and AB, whereas the frequency of the most common Rh-negative blood group are A, O, B and AB respectively. The determination of the frequency of blood groups in the region would not only help in blood transfusion services, but also reduce the risk of erythroblastosis foetalis in the neonates.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Rubina Nazli, MBBS, PhD. Associate Professor of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Rubina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nazli
authors.affiliation: Jamila Haider, BS (Microbiology), PhD Scholor. Centre of Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Jamila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haider
authors.affiliation: Dr. Mohammad Akmal Khan, MBBS, MCPS, FCPSI. Psychiatry Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mohammad Akmal
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Dr. Tasleem Akhtar, M. Phil, PhD. Associate Professor, Chemistry Department, Sheringal University, Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tasleem
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.affiliation: Dr. Hina Aslam, MBBS, FCPS-1. Gynea Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aslam
keywords: ABO blood group; Female population; Rh factor