title: Effectiveness of Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate and Autovaccines Against Upper Respiratory Tract Bacterial Colonization by Potential Pathogens: A Randomized Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polyvalent bacterial lysate (PBL) is an oral immunostimulating vaccine consisting of bacterial standardized lysates obtained by lysis of different strains of bacteria. Autovaccines are individually prepared based on the results of smears obtained from the patient. Both types of vaccine can be used to treat an ongoing chronic infection. This study sought to determine which method is more effective against nasal colonization by potential respiratory tract pathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 150 patients with aerobic Gram stain culture and count results indicating bacterial colonization of the nose and/or throat by potential pathogens. The participants were randomly assigned to each of the following groups: 1. administration of PBL, 2. administration of autovaccine, and 3. no intervention (controls).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduction of the bacterial count in Streptococcus pneumoniae-colonized participants was significant after the autovaccine (p<0.001) and PBL (p<0.01). Reduction of the bacterial count of other β-hemolytic streptococcal strains after treatment with the autovaccine was significant (p<0.01) and was non-significant after PBL. In Haemophilus influenzae colonization, significant reduction in the bacterial count was noted in the PBL group (p<0.01). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization did not respond to either treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The autovaccine is more effective than PBL for reducing bacterial count of Streptococcus pneumoniae and β-hemolytic streptococci, while PBL was more effective against Haemophilus influenzae colonization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. John Grande's Hospital, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zagólski
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stręk
authors.affiliation: Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasprowicz
authors.affiliation: Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Białecka
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054991:Autovaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D008875:Middle Aged; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae; D055815:Young Adult; D000095983:Bacterial Lysates
chemical_list: D054991:Autovaccines; D002457:Cell Extracts; C030259:Broncho-Vaxom; D000095983:Bacterial Lysates