title: Determination-of apoptosis and cell cycle modulators (p16, p21, p27, p53, BCL-2, Bax, BCL-xL, and cyclin D1) in thyroid follicular carcinoma, follicular adenoma, and adenomatous nodules via a tissue microarray method.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the role of gene products associated with apoptosis and cell cycle in the pathogenesis of thyroid follicular neoplasm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty follicular adenomas (FAs), 16 follicular carcinomas (FCs), and 20 adenomatous nodules (ANs) were investigated with immunohistochemical staining of p16, p21, p27, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-xL, and cyclin D1 via a tissue microarray method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bcl-2 showed a significant difference between the benign groups (AN and FA) and the malignant group (FC). Bax was significantly higher in the FC group. p53 was lowest in the AN group and highest in the FC group with significant differences between the groups. p16 was significantly higher in the FC group than in the other groups. There was a significant difference between the AN group and neoplastic lesions in terms of p21 staining. The number of cases with positive p27 was lower in the AN group than the neoplastic groups. There was no significant difference in terms of Bcl-xL and cyclin D1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell cycle modulators, led by the Bcl-2 family, played an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid follicular neoplasm, and p53, p16, and p21 in particular played a role in the carcinogenesis of FC.
authors.forename: Peyker
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Temiz
authors.forename: Gizem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akkaş
authors.forename: Nalan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neşe
authors.forename: Fazilet
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uğur Duman
authors.forename: Cansu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karakaş
authors.forename: Yamaç
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Erhan
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016606:Thyroid Nodule / Q000378:metabolism; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D019938:Cyclin D1