title: Simultaneous mechanical property and biodegradation improvement of wollastonite bioceramic through magnesium dilute doping.
abstract: The large-area bone defects in head (including calvarial, orbital, and maxillofacial bone) and segmental bone are attracting increased attention in a wide range of clinical departments. A key requirement for the clinical success of the bioactive ceramics is the match of the mechanical behavior of the implants with the specific bone tissue to be filled. This raises the question as to what design strategy might be the best indicators for the balance between mechanical properties and biological performances. Here we go beyond the traditional approaches that use phase conversion or biphasic hybrid; instead, we achieved a simultaneous enhancement of several mechanical parameters and optimalization of biodegradability by using a dilute doping of Mg in a single-phase wollastonite bioceramic. We show that the wollastonite ceramic can be rationally tuned in phase (α or β), mechanical strength (in compression and bending mode), elastic modulus (18-23GPa), and fracture toughness (>3.2MPam(1/2)) through the usage of Mg dopant introduced at precisely defined dilute concentrations (Mg/Ca molar ratio: 1.2-2.1%). Meanwhile, the dilute Mg-doped wollastonite ceramics are shown to exhibit good bioactivity in vitro in SBF but biodegradation in Tris is inversely proportional to Mg content. Consequently, such new highly bioactive ceramics with appreciable strength and toughness are promising for making specific porous scaffolds for enhancing large segmental bone defect and thin-wall bone defect repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
authors.forename: Jiajun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xianyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Province׳s Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Huifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China. Electronic address: yejuan@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Province׳s Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Province׳s Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Changyou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: zhrgou@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhongru
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gou
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000378:metabolism; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000378:metabolism; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry*; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D017640:Silicates; D008274:Magnesium; C031293:calcium silicate; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Bioceramics; Biodegradation; Dilute doping; Magnesium; Mechanical reinforcement; Wollastonite