title: Self-Propelled Micro-/Nanomotors Based on Controlled Assembled Architectures.
abstract: Synthetic micro-/nanomotors (MNMs) are capable of performing self-propelled motion in fluids through harvesting different types of energies into mechanical movement, with potential applications in biomedicine and other fields. To address the challenges in these applications, a promising strategy that combines controlled assembly (bottom-up approaches) with top-down approaches for engineering autonomous, multifunctionalized MNMs is under investigation, beginning in 2012. These MNMs, derived from layer-by-layer assembly or molecular self-assembly, display the advantages of: i) mass production, ii) response to the external stimuli, and iii) access to multifunctionality, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. The advance on how to integrate diverse functional components into different architectures based on controlled assemblies, to realize controlled fabrication, motion control (including the movement speed, direction, and state), and biomedical applications of MNMs, directed by the concept of nanoarchitectonics, are highlighted here. The remaining challenges and future research directions are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System (HIT), Micro/Nanotechnology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Xiankun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System (HIT), Micro/Nanotechnology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System (HIT), Micro/Nanotechnology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System (HIT), Micro/Nanotechnology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Mingjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System (HIT), Micro/Nanotechnology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002384:Catalysis; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008904:Miniaturization; D009038:Motion; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D010777:Photochemistry
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008670:Metals
keywords: architecture; biomedical applications; controlled assembly; micro-/nanomotors; self-propulsion