title: Stormwater infiltration and surface runoff pollution reduction performance of permeable pavement layers.
abstract: In this paper, the laboratory-scale permeable pavement layers, including a surface permeable brick layer, coarse sand bedding layers (thicknesses = 2, 3.5, and 5 cm), and single-graded gravel sub-base layers (thicknesses = 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm), were built to evaluate stormwater infiltration and surface runoff pollution reduction performance. And, the infiltration rate (I) and concentrations of suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN) were measured under the simulated rainfall intensity of 72.4 mm/h over duration of 60 min. The results indicate that the thickness factor primarily influences the infiltration rate and pollutant removal rate. The highest steady infiltration rate was for surface brick layer 51.0 mm/h, for 5-cm sand bedding layer 32.3 mm/h, and for 30-cm gravel sub-base layer 42.3 mm/h, respectively. The SS average removal rate was relative higher (79.8 ∼ 98.6 %) for all layers due to the interception and filtration. The average removal rates of TP and COD were for surface layer 71.2 and 24.1 %, for 5-cm bedding layer 54.8 and 9.0 %, and for 20-cm sub-base layer 72.2 and 26.1 %. Ammonia nitrogen and TN cannot steadily be removed by layers according to the experiment results. The optimal thickness of bedding sands was 5 cm, and that of sub-base gravels was 20 ∼ 30 cm.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Guang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. zhangying@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China Shanghai Architectural Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200063, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Zhen
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010539:Permeability; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011891:Rain; D014872:Water Movements; D014876:Water Pollution
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Infiltration rate; Mechanism; Permeable pavement; Pollutant removal rate; Rainfall duration; Structural layer parameter