title: Prophylactic Management of Radiation-Induced Nausea and Vomiting.
abstract: The incidence of nausea and vomiting after radiotherapy is often underestimated by physicians, though some 50-80% of patients may experience these symptoms. The occurrence of radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV) will depend on radiotherapy-related factors, such as the site of irradiation, the dosing, fractionation, irradiated volume, and radiotherapy techniques. Patients should receive antiemetic prophylaxis as suggested by the international antiemetic guidelines based upon a risk assessment, taking especially into account the affected anatomic region and the planned radiotherapy regimen. In this field the international guidelines from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines as well as the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) are widely endorsed. The emetogenicity of radiotherapy regimens and recommendations for the appropriate use of antiemetics including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonists, steroids, and other antiemetics will be reviewed in regard to the applied radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy regimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Vivantes Medical Center Berlin-Neukölln, Rudower Straße 48, 12351 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Feyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jordan
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009325:Nausea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014839:Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*