title: The effects of feeding β-glucan to Pangasianodon hypophthalmus on immune gene expression and resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri.
abstract: Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (striped catfish) is an important aquaculture species and intensification of farming has increased disease problems, particularly Edwardsiella ictaluri. The effects of feeding β-glucans on immune gene expression and resistance to E. ictaluri in P. hypophthalmus were explored. Fish were fed 0.1% fungal-derived β-glucan or 0.1% commercial yeast-derived β-glucan or a basal control diet without glucan. After 14 days of feeding, the mRNA expression of immune genes (transferrin, C-reactive protein, precerebellin-like protein, Complement C3 and factor B, 2a MHC class II and interleukin-1 beta) in liver, kidney and spleen were determined. Following this fish from each of the three diet treatment groups were infected with E. ictaluri and further gene expression measured 24 h post-infection (h.p.i.), while the remaining fish were monitored over 2 weeks for mortalities. Cumulative percentage mortality at 14 days post-infection (d.p.i.) was less in β-glucan fed fish compared to controls. There was no difference in gene expression between dietary groups after feeding for 14 days, but there was a clear difference between infected and uninfected fish at 24 h.p.i., and based on principal component analysis β-glucans stimulated the overall expression of immune genes in the liver, kidney and spleen at 24 h.p.i.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK; Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakornpathom, Thailand. Electronic address: wanna.sir@mahidol.ac.th.
authors.forename: Wanna
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sirimanapong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK; Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Near Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Kim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Novus International, Novus Aqua Research Center, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
authors.forename: Ei Lin
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Michaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bekaert
authors.affiliation: Marine Scotland, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Collet
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Taggart
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Darren M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK; Fish Vet Group, 99/386 Chaengwattana Bldg. Chaengwattana Rd., Laksi, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Shinn
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Leaver
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002397:Catfishes; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D020610:Edwardsiella ictaluri / Q000502:physiology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects*; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D047071:beta-Glucans
keywords: Edwardsiella ictaluri; Immune gene expression; Striped catfish; β-glucan