title: miRNA profiling in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: implication as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
abstract: MicroRNAs are a class of short noncoding RNAs, that play a relevant role in multiple biological processes, such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are considered as a paradigm of molecular biology in solid tumors worldwide, and after the discovery of specific alterations in the KIT and PDGFRA genes, they have emerged from anonymity to become a model for targeted therapy. Epigenetics have an emerging and relevant role in different steps of GIST biology such as tumorigenesis, disease progression, prognosis and drug resistance. The aim of the present review was to summarize the current evidence about the role of microRNAs in GIST, including their potential application as well as their limits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nannini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, FaBit; University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ravegnini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, FaBit; University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.affiliation: "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astolfi
authors.affiliation: Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.|"Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biasco
authors.affiliation: Department of Specialized, Experimental & Diagnostic Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.|"Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pantaleo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
keywords: KIT; PDGFRA; gastrointestinal stromal tumors; microRNA; wild-type