title: Cytotoxic Evaluation of e-Liquid Aerosol using Different Lung-Derived Cell Models.
abstract: The in vitro toxicological evaluation of e-liquid aerosol is an important aspect of consumer protection, but the cell model is of great significance. Due to its water solubility, e-liquid aerosol is deposited in the conducting zone of the respiratory tract. Therefore, primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells are more suitable for e-liquid aerosol testing than the widely used alveolar cell line A549. Due to their prolonged lifespan, immortalized cell lines derived from primary NHBE cells, exhibiting a comparable in vitro differentiation, might be an alternative for acute toxicity testing. In our study, A549 cells freshly isolated NHBE cells and the immortalized cell line CL-1548 were exposed at the air-liquid interface to e-liquid aerosol and cigarette mainstream smoke in a CULTEX(®) RFS compact module. The cell viability was analyzed 24 h post-exposure. In comparison with primary NHBE cells, the CL-1548 cell line showed lower sensitivity to e-liquid aerosol but significantly higher sensitivity compared to A549 cells. Therefore, the immortalized cell line CL-1548 is recommended as a tool for the routine testing of e-liquid aerosol and is preferable to A549 cells.
authors.affiliation: Cultex Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Street 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany. s.scheffler@cultex-laboratories.com.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scheffler
authors.affiliation: Cultex Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Street 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany. h.dieken@cultex-laboratories.com.
authors.forename: Hauke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dieken
authors.affiliation: Cultex Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Street 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany. o.krischenowski@cultex-laboratories.com.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Krischenowski
authors.affiliation: Cultex Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Street 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany. m.aufderheide@cultex-laboratories.com.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aufderheide
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods*; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D012906:Smoke
keywords: CL-1548; CULTEX® RFS; air-liquid interface; cytotoxicity; electronic cigarette; immortalized normal bronchial epithelial cells; nicotine; public health; smoking; tobacco