title: Trait and state binge eating predispose towards cocaine craving.
abstract: Binge eating (BE) and drug seeking share similar behavioral features, including loss of control over consumption and compulsive seeking of the craved substance. Previous studies in animal models have demonstrated a complex interaction between 'state' BE, produced by intermittent access to a palatable diet, and 'trait' BE, a phenotypical proneness towards overeating. In the present study, we examined the relationship between state and trait BE and cocaine seeking. We used Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty rats, a genetic model for obesity that demonstrates BE-like behavior, and Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka controls. They received a schedule of limited access to a palatable diet (3 days/week or 5 days/week access to Ensure for a month). Next, they underwent cocaine self-administration training (1 mg/kg, 1 hour/day for 10 days) followed by extinction sessions (7 days). We found that the degree of BE-like behavior and the state and trait BE combination predicted cocaine craving patterns. Lower levels of dopamine D2 receptors in the prefrontal cortex were correlated with increased drug craving. Moreover, restricted access to an attractive diet was found to be a risk factor for heightened cocaine craving, particularly in trait binge eaters, as rats on the 3 days/week access schedule persistently failed to cease cocaine seeking throughout extinction. Hence, we postulate a joint role of state and trait BE as risk factors for heightened cocaine craving.
authors.affiliation: Gonda (Goldschmied) Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.|Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Royi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barnea
authors.affiliation: Gonda (Goldschmied) Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.|Psychology Department, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Liza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bekker
authors.affiliation: Gonda (Goldschmied) Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.|Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Noa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zifman
authors.affiliation: Gonda (Goldschmied) Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.|Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Asaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.affiliation: Gonda (Goldschmied) Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.|Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Gal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yadid
authors.affiliation: Gonda (Goldschmied) Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.|Psychology Department, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Aron
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0663-4384
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D066249:Craving / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D058999:Drug-Seeking Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D003042:Cocaine
keywords: Binge eating; OLETF; cocaine; dopamine receptors; drug addiction; prefrontal cortex