title: Simulating CO₂ leakages from CCS to determine Zn toxicity using the marine microalgae Pleurochrysis roscoffensis.
abstract: Due to the current climate change and ocean acidification, a new technology for CO2 mitigation has been proposed, the Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS). However, there is an ecological risk associated with potential CO2 leakages from the sub-seabed storages sites. To evaluate the effects related to CO2 leakages, laboratory-scales experiments were performed using the marine microalgae Pleurochrysis roscoffensis. Five Zn concentrations were tested at different pHs to study Zn toxicity under acidified conditions. Seawater was collected and submitted to acidification by means of CO2 injection and by HCl addition. Results showed differences between both acidification techniques: while microalgae growth was enhanced by CO2 supply, reaching the optimal growth at pH 6.5 and full inhibition at pH 5.5, HCl acidification growth was inhibited at pH 6.5. Although small concentrations of Zn were positive for P. roscoffensis growth, Zn toxicity increased at lower pHs, and more severely on samples acidified with HCl. The conclusions obtained in this work are useful to address the potential effects on the marine ecosystem related to changes in metal bioavailability during CO2 leakages scenarios.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, UNESCO/UNITWIN Wicop, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. Electronic address: esther.bautista@uca.es.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bautista-Chamizo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Campus Baixada Santista, Universidade Federal de Sãao Paulo, Av. Alm. Sandanha da Gama, 89-Ponta da Praia, CEP 11030-400 Santos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: manoela.orte@unifesp.br.
authors.forename: Manoela Romanó
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: De Orte
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, UNESCO/UNITWIN Wicop, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. Electronic address: angel.valls@uca.es.
authors.forename: Tomás Ángel
authors.initials: TÁ
authors.lastname: DelValls
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, UNESCO/UNITWIN Wicop, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. Electronic address: inmaculada.riba@uca.es.
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riba
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D057231:Climate Change; D017753:Ecosystem; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D058087:Haptophyta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D058086:Microalgae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015032:Zinc / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS); Climate change; Metals; Ocean acidification; Phytoplankton