title: Histopathological features of sinonasal inverted papillomas in chinese patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign tumor with high recurrence rates. Evidence of inflammation has been reported in IP in Caucasian studies. This study aimed to investigate the histopathological patterns and their associations with clinical characteristics in Chinese patients with IP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basic science study.
  
  
  METHODS
  IP tissues were obtained from 50 Chinese patients with unilateral IPs. Biopsies of inferior turbinate mucosa from 17 healthy subjects were used as controls. The histological patterns and severity of epithelial remodeling and inflammatory cell infiltration were evaluated and analyzed for associations with clinical characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one percent of IP specimens were classified as grade I (mild remodeling) and 49% as grade II (moderate and severe remodeling). Concomitant inflammatory nasal polyps were found in 14 patients (28%). Recurrent IP was strongly associated with grade II (odds ratio: 5.81, 95% confidence interval: 1.34-25.18). Except CD4(+) T cells, quantities of neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, CD8(+) T cells, and FoxP3(+) T-reg cells were significantly elevated in IP. Of these, neutrophils were the predominant cell type in IP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inflammation may have potential roles in IPs and the higher grade of epithelial remodeling was associated with the recurrence of IPs.
  
  
  METHODS
  NA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China.|Key Research Laboratory of Otolaryngology , National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chun Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China.|Key Research Laboratory of Otolaryngology , National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chew Lip
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Medical Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhi Bin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ying Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Medical Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Tian Ying
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology , National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Bengt Fredrik
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China.|Key Research Laboratory of Otolaryngology , National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: De Yun
authors.initials: de Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000473:pathology*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Chinese; Inverted papilloma; epithelial metaplasia; inflammation; recurrence