title: The association of serum estradiol level with outcomes of clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotropin ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that estradiol (E2) level on day 3 may be associated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of patients who received clomiphene citrate 100 mg/day plus human menopausal gonadotropin 150 IU/day from day 3 and received frozen-thawed embryo transfers were reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups: group A (E2 ≤30 pg/ml), group B (30< E2 ≤50 pg/ml), and group C (E2 >50 pg/ml). A total of 1080 cycles from 941 patients were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of eggs and MII oocytes were less in group C than group A (both, P = 0.001). The embryo implantation (P = 0.006) and clinical pregnancy rates (P = 0.036) were lower in group C than group B, and the rates were similar between group A and B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maintaining the serum E2 level from 30 to 50 pg/ml may result in a higher clinical pregnancy rate in IVF cycles.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jin
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Ji Ai Genetic and IVF Institute, 588 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Su-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Ji Ai Genetic and IVF Institute, 588 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China. weifu000@sina.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Ji Ai Genetic and IVF Institute, 588 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xi
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate / Q000639:trends; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002996:Clomiphene; D004958:Estradiol