title: Concordance between Subjective and Objective Memory Impairment in Volunteer Subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subjective memory impairment (SMI) refers to subjective awareness of initial memory decline undetectable with existing standardized cognitive tests. The Face Name Associative Memory Exam (FNAME) was created to detect memory deficits in individuals with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). We reported normative data of a Spanish version of FNAME (S-FNAME) in cognitively normal (CN) Spanish-speaking subjects >49.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether higher SMI [a modification of Memory Failures Everyday (MFE-30)] was related to worse memory performance (S-FNAME) or associated with greater affective symptoms in subjects >49; and whether MFE-30 and FNAME were able to discriminate between CN and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  317 subjects (CN = 196, MCI = 121) were included in the analysis because they attended the annual "Open House Initiative" at Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, were >49 years, literate, received S-FNAME, MFE-30, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, had Mini-Mental State Examination scores ≥27, and returned to complete a comprehensive diagnostic assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MFE-30 scores were associated with affective symptoms but not with S-FNAME performance. S-FNAME scores were related to performance on memory variables of NBACE (neuropsychological battery used in Fundació ACE). Although the MCI group showed significantly higher MFE-30 and worse S-FNAME scores than the CN group, their discriminability values were similar (Sensitivity: 49.6 versus 52.9; Specificity: 85.1 versus 83.6, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SMI was more related to depressive symptoms than to S-FNAME memory performance; and S-FNAME scores were related to other episodic memory test performances, but neither to affective symptoms nor to SMI. MFE-30 and S-FNAME are not optimal for discriminating between CN and MCI groups. Longitudinal follow-up will determine if lower S-FNAME and higher SMI are related to increased risk of AD.
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alegret
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Octavio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanabria
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valero
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maitée
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosende-Roca
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abdelnour
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mauleón
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gailhajanet
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tárraga
authors.affiliation: Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Dorene M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rentz
authors.affiliation: Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Amariglio
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruíz
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mercè
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009275:Names; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010465:Perception; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013030:Spain
keywords: Episodic memory; FNAME; neuropsychology; preclinical Alzheimer’s disease; subjective memory impairment