title: Association of Vitamin D Status and Acute Rhinosinusitis: Results From the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006.
abstract: Although vitamin D status may be a modifiable risk factor for various respiratory ailments, limited data exists regarding its role in sinonasal infections. Our goal was to investigate the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) in a large, nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized individuals from the United States. In this cross-sectional study of individuals ≥ 17 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006, we used multivariable regression analysis to investigate the association of 25OHD levels with ARS, while adjusting for season, demographics (age, sex, race, and poverty-to-income ratio), and clinical data (smoking, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and neutropenia). A total of 3921 individuals were included in our analyses. Median 25OHD level was 22 (interquartile range 16-28) ng/mL. Overall, 15.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.4-17.7) of participants reported ARS within the 24 hours leading up to their survey participation. After adjusting for season, demographics, and clinical data, 25OHD levels were associated with ARS (odds ratio 0.88, 95% CI 0.78-0.99 per 10 ng/mL). When vitamin D status was dichotomized, 25OHD levels < 20 ng/mL were associated with 33% higher odds of ARS (odds ratio 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.72) compared with levels ≥ 20 ng/mL. Our analyses suggest that 25OHD levels are inversely associated with ARS. Randomized, controlled trials are warranted to determine the effect of optimizing vitamin D status on the risk of sinonasal infections.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Surgery (ANK), Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cambridge Hospital, Cambridge, MA; Department of Laryngology and Otology (ANK), Harvard Medical School; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (ANK), Boston University Medical Center; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine (KSL, SAQ), Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Anaesthesia (KSL, SAQ), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AUL), University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Ayesha N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Khalid
authors.forename: Karim S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ladha
authors.forename: Amber U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Luong
authors.forename: Sadeq A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Quraishi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012621:Seasons; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D014481:United States; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D