title: Habitual suppression relates to difficulty in regulating emotion with cognitive reappraisal.
abstract: One common strategy to cope with the difficulties of daily life is suppression. Habitual users of suppression tend to suppress their feelings rather than expressing them. Although this strategy may reduce outward response to emotion, it is not thought to lessen induced negative affect. Moreover, it remains unclear whether people with high suppression scores can reduce negative affect through cognitive reappraisal. In the present study, twenty-nine healthy participants differing in suppression scores were directed to reappraise aversive stimuli during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results showed that higher suppression scores correlated with decreased response of dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) during cognitive reappraisal. Further, high suppression scores related to enhanced negative affect to stimuli with greater negative affect correlating with decreased dmPFC response during cognitive reappraisal. This study suggests that people with high suppression scores experience difficulty in reducing negative affect through cognitive reappraisal and implicates neurobiological processes that may underlie this difficulty.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: xwcheswu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xianwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Che
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Culture and Social Development Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Bernadette M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Fitzgibbon
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. Electronic address: valleyqq@swu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D012094:Repression, Psychology; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Affective disorder; Cognitive reappraisal; Gender difference; Habitual suppression