title: Working memory still needs verbal rehearsal.
abstract: The causal role of verbal rehearsal in working memory has recently been called into question. For example, the SOB-CS (Serial Order in a Box-Complex Span) model assumes that there is no maintenance process for the strengthening of items in working memory, but instead a process of removal of distractors that are involuntarily encoded and create interference with memory items. In the present study, we tested the idea that verbal working memory performance can be accounted for without assuming a causal role of the verbal rehearsal process. We demonstrate in two experiments using a complex span task and a Brown-Peterson paradigm that increasing the number of repetitions of the same distractor (the syllable ba that was read aloud at each of its occurrences on screen) has a detrimental effect on the concurrent maintenance of consonants whereas the maintenance of spatial locations remains unaffected. A detailed analysis of the tasks demonstrates that accounting for this effect within the SOB-CS model requires a series of unwarranted assumptions leading to undesirable further predictions contradicted by available experimental evidence. We argue that the hypothesis of a maintenance mechanism based on verbal rehearsal that is impeded by concurrent articulation still provides the simplest and most compelling account of our results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pyschology, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pyschology, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Langerock
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Université de Grenoble Alpes - CNRS, Rhônes-Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Violette
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hoareau
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Université de Grenoble Alpes - CNRS, Rhônes-Alpes, France.
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lemaire
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Camos
authors.affiliation: Department of Pyschology, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland. pierre.barrouillet@unige.ch.|Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, 40 bd du Pont d'Arve, 1211, Genève 4, Switzerland. pierre.barrouillet@unige.ch.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barrouillet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Articulation; Interference; Pace effect; Verbal rehearsal; Working memory