title: Selective, Spontaneous One-Way Oil-Transport Fabrics and Their Novel Use for Gauging Liquid Surface Tension.
abstract: Thin porous materials that can spontaneously transport oil fluids just in a single direction have great potential for making energy-saving functional membranes. However, there is little data for the preparation and functionalities of this smart material. Here, we report a novel method to prepare one-way oil-transport fabrics and their application in detecting liquid surface tension. This functional fabric was prepared by a two-step coating process to apply flowerlike ZnO nanorods, fluorinated decyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes, and hydrolyzed fluorinated alkylsilane on a fabric substrate. Upon one-sided UV irradiation, the coated fabric shows a one-way transport feature that allows oil fluid transport automatically from the unirradiated side to the UV-irradiated surface, but it stops fluid transport in the opposite direction. The fabric still maintains high superhydrophobicity after UV treatment. The one-way fluid transport takes place only for the oil fluids with a specific surface tension value, and the fluid selectivity is dependent on the UV treatment time. Changing the UV irradiation time from 6 to 30 h broadened the one-way transport for fluids with surface tension from around 22.3 mN/m to a range of 22.3-56.7 mN/m. We further proved that this selective one-way oil transport can be used to estimate the surface tension of a liquid simply by observing its transport feature on a series of fabrics with different one-way oil-transport selectivities. To our knowledge, this is the first example to use one-way fluid-transport materials for testing the liquid surface tension. It may open up further theoretical studies and the development of novel fluid sensors.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Future Manufacturing Flagship, CSIRO , Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
keywords: coating; directional fluid transport; fabric; liquid transport; one-way fluid transport; sensor; surface tension