title: Radiation-Induced Thyroid Cancer: Gender-Related Disease Characteristics and Survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radiation exposure is a well-known risk factor for well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC). However, gender disparity in disease characteristics is not completely understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the behavior of radiation-induced thyroid cancer according to gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  Charts of all patients diagnosed with WDTC after radiation exposure between the years 1985 and 2013 in a tertiary referral center were retrieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three patients were reviewed, 29 females and 14 males. Mean age of exposure for women and men were 17.1 ± 19.5 and 15.5 ± 12.5 years, respectively (P = .78). Age at diagnosis were 47.5 ± 15.5 and 41.5 ± 15 years for women and men, respectively (P = .18). Mean disease-specific survival was 44.1 and 43.7 years for women and men, respectively (P = .50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar disease characteristics, tumor pathology, disease-free survival, and overall survival in both genders. In sporadic well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, female gender is associated with better tumor behavior and prognosis. However, our results suggest that women are more affected by radiation than men and therefore have the same prognosis as men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel yuval.nachalon@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nachalon
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Orna
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Uri
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Alkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shvero
authors.affiliation: Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Aron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Popovtzer
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: gender; radiation exposure; survival; well-differentiated thyroid cancer