title: Effect of Indacaterol on Cough and Phlegm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Five Randomized Controlled Trials.
abstract: We investigated the effects of indacaterol on cough and phlegm in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a meta-analysis with five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of indacaterol in stable COPD patients. The symptom severity was defined using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). We analyzed patients treated with 150 µg (n = 945) and 300 µg (n = 832) out of 3,325 patients who completed the SGRQ from five RCTs. After a 12-week treatment of 150 µg indacaterol, cough improvement was reported in 36.5% (316/866) of patients treated with indacaterol vs. 32.2% (259/804) patients treated with placebo (Relative Ratio [RR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.29). Phlegm improvement was reported in 31.0% (247/798) of patients treated with indacaterol vs. 30.6% (225/736) of patients treated with placebo (RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.87-1.18). Dyspnea improvement was reported in 39.5% (324/820) of patients treated with indacaterol vs. 31.5% (237/753) patients treated with placebo (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.03-1.71; P = 0.001, I(2) = 55.1%). Only dyspnea improvement was significant compared to placebo even at the 300 µg indacaterol dose. Compared to placebo, a 12-week treatment of the long-acting beta-agonist, indacaterol might not have a significant effect on cough or phlegm in stable COPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinkyeong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chinkook
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Mok
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003371:Cough / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007189:Indans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos / Q000008:administration & dosage; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013183:Sputum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D007189:Indans; D010919:Placebos; D015363:Quinolones; C510790:indacaterol
keywords: Cough; Dyspnea; Indacaterol; Phlegm; Procaterol; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive