title: WDR1 and CLNK gene polymorphisms correlate with serum glucose and high-density lipoprotein levels in Tibetan gout patients.
abstract: Current evidence suggests heredity and metabolic syndrome contributes to gout progression. Specifically, the WDR1 and CLNK genes may play a role in gout progression in European ancestry populations. However, no studies have focused on Chinese populations, especially Tibetan individuals. This study aims to determine whether variations in these two genes correlate with gout-related indices in Chinese-Tibetan gout patients. Eleven single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the WDR1 and CLNK genes were detected in 319 Chinese-Tibetan gout patients and 318 controls. We used one-way analysis of variance to evaluate the polymorphisms' effects on gout based on mean serum levels of metabolism indicators, such as albumin, glucose (GLU), triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), creatinine, and uric acid, from fasting venous blood samples. All p values were Bonferroni corrected. Polymorphisms of the WDR1 and CLNK genes affected multiple risk factors for gout development. Significant differences in serum GLU levels were detected between different genotypic groups with WDRI polymorphisms rs4604059 (p = 0.005) and rs12498927 (p = 0.005). In addition, significant differences in serum HDL-C levels were detected between different genotypic groups with the CLNK polymorphism rs2041215 (p = 0.001). Polymorphisms of CLNK also affected levels of albumin, triglycerides, and creatinine. This study is the first to investigate and identify positive correlations between WDR1 and CLNK gene polymorphisms in Chinese-Tibetan populations. Our findings provide significant evidence for the effect of genetic polymorphisms on gout-related factors in Chinese-Tibetan populations.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Basic Life Science Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, #6 East Wenhui Road, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.|Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Basic Life Science Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, #6 East Wenhui Road, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.|Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Mutu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiri
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Basic Life Science Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, #6 East Wenhui Road, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.|Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Mailbox 386, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Basic Life Science Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, #6 East Wenhui Road, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China. jintianbo@gmail.com.|Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China. jintianbo@gmail.com.|National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Mailbox 386, #229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. jintianbo@gmail.com.|Tibet Vocational Technical College, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasa, 850000, China. jintianbo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tianbo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Basic Life Science Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, #6 East Wenhui Road, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China. xbdxgwzx@163.com.|Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China. xbdxgwzx@163.com.
authors.forename: Longli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006073:Gout / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D018609:Tibet / Q000453:epidemiology; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; C411024:CLNK protein, human; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C118067:WDR1 protein, human; D014527:Uric Acid
keywords: CLNK; Genetic polymorphism; Gout; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; WDR1