title: The burden of fungal disease in Denmark.
abstract: The aim of this study is to calculate the burden of fungal disease in Denmark. We identified all published epidemiology papers reporting fungal infection rates in Denmark. Where no data existed, we used numbers of specific populations at risk and fungal infection frequencies in those populations to estimate national incidence or prevalence. Approximately, one in six Danes will suffer from a fungal infection each year, most of which are skin or mucosal diseases causing disability but no deaths. Good data exist on candidaemia where a national voluntary reporting system is in place and have shown a high rate (9.6 per 100,000 inhabitants) compared other European countries. We present estimates of invasive aspergillosis and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis with rates of 4.4 per 100,000 and 3.1 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. Further studies are needed in order to better ascertain high-burden fungal infections such as recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (~1350 cases in 100,000 women) as well as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (~131 cases in 100,000 inhabitants) and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation (cases in 100,000 inhabitants). In conclusion, more than 93,000 Danes or about 2% of Denmark's population will have a non-trivial fungal infection during 1 year, which underscores the magnitude of the fungal burden.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Klaus L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.affiliation: The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre and National Aspergillosis Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Denning
authors.affiliation: Unit of Mycology, Department Microbiology & Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maiken C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Arendrup
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001229:Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D058387:Candidemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aspergillosis; Denmark; HIV; candidiasis; fungal; global