title: Characteristics and functions of lipid droplets and associated proteins in enterocytes.
abstract: Cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) are observed in enterocytes of jejunum during lipid absorption. One important function of the intestine is to secrete chylomicrons, which provide dietary lipids throughout the body, from digested lipids in meals. The current hypothesis is that cytosolic LDs in enterocytes constitute a transient pool of stored lipids that provides lipids during interprandial period while lowering chylomicron production during the post-prandial phase. This smoothens the magnitude of peaks of hypertriglyceridemia. Here, we review the composition and functions of lipids and associated proteins of enterocyte LDs, the known physiological functions of LDs as well as the role of LDs in pathological processes in the context of the intestine.
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France; EPHE, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, F-75014 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beilstein
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carrière
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Armelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leturque
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France; EPHE, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, F-75014 Paris, France. Electronic address: sylvie.demignot@crc.jussieu.fr.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demignot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000378:metabolism*; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002914:Chylomicrons; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Chylomicron; Enterocyte; Intestine; Lipid droplet; Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein