title: The Effects of Two Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Bromfenac 0.1% and Ketorolac 0.45%, on Cataract Surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the additive effects of two types of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), bromfenac 0.1% or ketorolac 0.45%, relative to topical steroid alone in cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total 91 subjects scheduled to undergo cataract operation were randomized into three groups: Group 1, pre/postoperative bromfenac 0.1%; Group 2, pre/postoperative preservative-free ketorolac 0.45%; and Group 3, postoperative steroid only, as a control. Outcome measures included intraoperative change in pupil size, postoperative anterior chamber inflammation control, change in macular thickness and volume, and ocular surface status after operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both NSAID groups had smaller intraoperative pupil diameter changes compared to the control group (p<0.05). There was significantly less ocular inflammation 1 week and 1 month postoperatively in both NSAID groups than the control group. The changes in central foveal subfield thickness measured before the operation and at postoperative 1 month were 4.30±4.25, 4.87±6.03, and 12.47±12.24 μm in groups 1 to 3, respectively. In the control group, macular thickness and volume increased more in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), compared to those without DM. In contrast, in both NSAID groups, NSAIDs significantly reduced macular changes in subgroups of patients with or without DM. Although three ocular surface parameters were worse in group 1 than in group 2, these differences were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding preoperative and postoperative bromfenac 0.1% or ketorolac 0.45% to topical steroid can reduce intraoperative miosis, postoperative inflammation, and macular changes more effectively than postoperative steroid alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Ophthalmology and Inha Vision Science Laboratory, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Hoon
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Institute of Vision Research, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eung Kweon
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Yul
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. tikim@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Tae-im
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001969:Bromobenzenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002386:Cataract; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D020910:Ketorolac / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015877:Miosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011292:Premedication; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001577:Benzophenones; D001969:Bromobenzenes; C053083:bromfenac; D020910:Ketorolac
keywords: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; macular edema; miosis; ocular inflammation