title: Anaemia prevalence over time in Indonesia: estimates from the 1997, 2000, and 2008 Indonesia Family Life Surveys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize anaemia prevalence data for children, women, and men using data from the second, third and fourth waves of the Indonesia Family Life Surveys (IFLS), which were conducted in 1997/8, 2000, and 2007/8, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anaemia prevalence was determined for children 0 to 5 years, 5 to 12 years, 12 to 15 years, non-pregnant women at least 15 years, pregnant women at least 15 years, and men at least 15 years, based on haemoglobin adjusted for altitude and smoking status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with 1997/8 estimates, anaemia prevalence estimates were lower in 2007/8 for all groups, with the greatest relative decline occurring in children 5 to 12 years (25.4%). Trend analysis found anaemia significantly declined over the survey years for all groups (χ² p=0.005 for pregnant women, χ² p<0.001 for all other groups).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IFLS anaemia estimates for different population groups decreased between 1997/8 and 2007/8 and were consistent with estimates from Southeast Asia, and with other studies conducted in Indonesia. While the prevalence of anaemia consistently decreased in all groups, anaemia remains a moderate public health problem for children 0 to 5 years, children 5 to 12 years, and non-pregnant and pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: Food Fortification Initiative, Atlanta, USA. Email: jsbarkley2@gmail.com; jsbarkley@smcm.edu.|Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Barkley
authors.affiliation: Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kendrick
authors.affiliation: Food Fortification Initiative, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Codling
authors.affiliation: Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Centre for Food and Nutrition, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Siti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muslimatun
authors.affiliation: Food Fortification Initiative, Atlanta, USA.|Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pachón
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins