title: Aesthetic Uses of Neuromodulators: Current Uses and Future Directions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The introduction of neuromodulators for aesthetic facial improvements greatly expanded the limits of nonsurgical facial rejuvenation. Although many current uses are considered "off-label," the widespread acceptance and favorable safety profile of properly used botulinum toxins have made them one of the most common aesthetic treatments available.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review of current facial aesthetic uses of various botulinum toxin preparations was done, and general concepts were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Currently, Food and Drug Administration-approved botulinum toxin preparations onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox), abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport), and incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin) have similar off-label indications and clinical uses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although not considered interchangeable, administration and clinical outcomes are not much different between the 3 commonly used botulinum products. The impact of botulinum products currently in development has yet to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Chicago, Ill. From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern Memorial Hospital; and Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Illinois.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gart
authors.forename: Karol A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Gutowski
mesh_terms: D004954:Esthetics; D006801:Humans; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents