title: Expression Profile Analysis of miR-221 and miR-222 in Different Tissues and Head Kidney Cells of Cynoglossus semilaevis, Following Pathogen Infection.
abstract: Half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is an important marine commercial fish species in China, which suffers from widespread disease outbreaks. Recently, in this regard, our group identified immune-related microRNAs (miRNAs) of C. semilaevis following Vibrio anguillarum infection. Furthermore, miRNA microarray was utilized to characterize the immune roles of important miRNA candidates in response to bacterial infection. Therefore, in the present study, we characterized miR-221 and miR-222 and profiled their expression after challenge. Here, miR-221 and miR-222 precursors were predicted to have a typical hairpin structure. Both miRNAs were expressed in a broad range of tissues in C. semilaevis, while miR-221 and miR-222 were significantly differentially expressed in the immune tissues of C. semilaevis among three small RNA libraries [control group (CG), bacteria-challenged fish without obvious symptoms of infection (NOSG), and bacteria-challenged fish with obvious symptoms of infection (HOSG)]. In order to further characterize and understand the immune response of miR-221 and miR-222, therefore, we profiled miR-221 and miR-222 expression in selected immune tissues after challenge with V. anguillarum. Both miR-221 and miR-222 were upregulated in the liver and spleen, while different expression patterns were observed in the head kidney. In addition, in half-smooth tongue sole head kidney cell line after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), peptidoglycan (PGN), and red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), both miR-221 and miR-222 showed significant difference in expression response to pathogen. Meanwhile, the target gene of miR-221 and miR-222 was predicted, which indicated that tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were the target genes of miR-221 and miR-222, respectively. Collectively, these findings indicated that miR-221 and miR-222 have putative roles in innate immune response during C. semilaevis exposure to pathogens. Our findings could expand the knowledge of immune function of C. semilaevis miRNA and guide future studies on C. semilaevis immunity.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.|Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guangye
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuejie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tianzi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.|Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Songlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China. shazx@ysfri.ac.cn.|Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, People's Republic of China. shazx@ysfri.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhenxia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005412:Flatfishes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D060910:Pronephros / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Cynoglossus semilaevis; Expression profile; Immune; Vibrio anguillarum; miR-221/222