title: Inhibiting NAD+-dependent DNA ligase activity with 2-(cyclopentyloxy)-5'-deoxyadenosine (CPOdA) offers a new tool for DNA replication and repair studies in the model archaeon Haloferax volcanii.
abstract: DNA ligases play an essential role in many aspects of DNA metabolism in all three domains of life. The haloarchaeal organism Haloferax volcanii encodes both ATP- and NAD(+)-dependent DNA ligase enzymes designated LigA and LigN, respectively. Neither LigA nor LigN alone is required for cell viability but they share an essential function, most likely the ligation of Okazaki fragments during chromosome replication. Here we show that 2-(cyclopentyloxy)-5'-deoxyadenosine (referred to as CPOdA), originally developed as a inhibitor of bacterial NAD(+)-dependent DNA ligases, is a potent inhibitor of the growth of Hfx. volcanii cells expressing LigN alone, causing chromosome fragmentation and cell death, while cells expressing LigA are unaffected. Growth inhibition occurs at significantly lower CPOdA concentrations (MIC ≤ 50 ng ml(-1)) than those required for inhibition of bacterial growth (≥2 μg ml(-1)). CPOdA has the potential to become a vital tool in DNA replication and repair studies in this important model organism.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Giroux
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK sam31@st-and.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Stuart A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: MacNeill
mesh_terms: D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D003839:Deoxyadenosines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019622:Haloferax volcanii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000609773:2-(cyclopentyloxy)-5'-deoxyadenosine; D003839:Deoxyadenosines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009243:NAD; D011088:DNA Ligases; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP
keywords: DNA ligase; DNA repair; DNA replication; Haloferax volcanii; archaea