title: Strategies to improve the immunosuppressive properties of human mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of particular interest for the treatment of immune-related diseases because of their immunosuppressive capacities. However, few clinical trials of MSCs have yielded satisfactory results. A number of clinical trials using MSCs are currently in progress worldwide. Unfortunately, protocols and methods, including optimized culture conditions for the harvest of MSCs, have not been standardized. In this regard, complications in the ex vivo expansion of MSCs and MSC heterogeneity have been implicated in the failure of clinical trials. In this review, potential strategies to obtain MSCs with improved immunosuppressive properties and the potential roles of specific immunomodulatory genes, which are differentially upregulated in certain culture conditions, will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung Woo
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Somi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Seong
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Woong
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. hhkoo@skku.edu.|Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. hhkoo@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Hong Hoe
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. hema2170@skku.edu.|Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. hema2170@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Keon Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors