title: Poor functional immune recovery in aged HIV-1-infected patients following successfully treatment with antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Aging is now a well-recognized characteristic of the HIV-infected population and both AIDS and aging are characterized by a deficiency of the T-cell compartment. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in recovering functional response of T cells to both HIV-1-specific ENV peptides (ENV) and tetanus toxoid (TT), in young and aged AIDS patients who responded to ARV therapy by controlling virus replication and elevating CD4(+) T cell counts. Here, we observed that proliferative response of T-cells to either HIV-1-specific Env peptides or tetanus toxoid (TT) was significantly lower in older antiretroviral (ARV)-treated patients. With regard to cytokine profile, lower levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-21, associated with elevated IL-10 release, were produced by Env- or TT-stimulated T-cells from older patients. The IL-10 neutralization by anti-IL-10 mAb did not elevate IFN-γ and IL-21 release in older patients. Finally, even after a booster dose of TT, reduced anti-TT IgG titers were quantified in older AIDS patients and it was related to both lower IL-21 and IFN-γ production and reduced frequency of central memory T-cells. Our results reveal that ARV therapy, despite the adequate recovery of CD4(+) T cell counts and suppression of viremia, was less efficient in recovering adequate immune response in older AIDS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taissa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kasahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hygino
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Regis M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarice
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sacramento
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arnaldo F B
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: cbento@unirio.br.
authors.forename: Cleonice A M
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bento
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000494:pharmacology; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D000098546:Interleukin-21
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; D010455:Peptides; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D014764:Viral Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D000098546:Interleukin-21
keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Elderly; HIV; Immune recovery; Tetanus toxoid