title: Initial Experience of Sorafenib Neoadjuvant Therapy Combined with Retroperitoneoscopy in Treating T2 Large Renal Carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the safety and feasibility of sorafenib neoadjuvant therapy combined with retroperitoneoscopic radical nephrectomy (RRN) in treating T2 large renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospectively analyzed 5 cases (2 males and 3 females, aged 52-73 years) of T2 stage large RCC who receive preoperative sorafenib targeted treatment (400 mg bid for 1-3 months) and RRN between March, 2013, and July, 2014. Patient information, therapeutic regimen, drug adverse effect, tumor changes before and after surgery, and perioperative parameters were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the sorafenib therapy adverse effects included 2 cases of hypertension (Grade I toxicity), 1 case of hand-foot syndrome (Grade I), and 1 case of diarrhea (Grade II), which were all tolerable for patients. CT scan and histopathological tests confirmed significant reduction in the longest dimension (LD) and medium density (MD) of the tumor after therapy as well as tumor hemorrhage, necrosis, and cystic degeneration. All 5 patients received RRN surgery successfully around 2 weeks after drug discontinuation with only 1 case of perioperative complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sorafenib neoadjuvant therapy could significantly reduce the size and aggressiveness of T2 large renal tumors, thus reducing the operative challenge and enabling patients who were previously disqualified for operation to receive surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: He-Jia
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Zuo
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Qiang
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Men
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
authors.forename: Jiahui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019990:Perioperative Care; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077157:Sorafenib; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib