title: Self-Assembled DNA Immunonanoflowers as Multivalent CpG Nanoagents.
abstract: Synthetic unmethylated cytosine-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides are immunostimulatory motifs that have shown promise as vaccines or adjuvants for diseases such as cancers and infectious diseases. In the present work, novel immuno-nanoflowers (NFs), self-assembled from long DNA integrated with tandem CpG through rolling circle replication, were developed for efficient CpG delivery and protection from nuclease degradation. In a model of macrophage-like cells, the CpG NFs proved to be potent immunostimulators by triggering the proliferation of these immune cells, which, in turn, secreted immunostimulatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10. These results demonstrate the ability of CpG NFs to induce cancer cell apoptosis and necrosis.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors.forename: Liqin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.|Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Guizhi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.|Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Cuichen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.
authors.forename: I-Ting
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Departments of Chemistry, Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, UF Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.|Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China.
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry*; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018899:CpG Islands; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000737:chemistry; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009336:Necrosis; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D004247:DNA; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
keywords: CpG ODNs; DNA; immunonanoflower; immunostimulation; nanoagent