title: Involvement of Subcortical Brain Structures During Olfactory Stimulation in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity.
abstract: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) patients usually react to odour compounds and the majority of neuroimaging studies assessed, especially at the cortical level, many olfactory-related correlates. The purpose of the present study was to depict sub-cortical metabolic changes during a neutral (NC) and pure (OC) olfactory stimulation by using a recently validated (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computer tomography procedure in 26 MCS and 11 healthy (HC) resting subjects undergoing a battery of clinical tests. Twelve subcortical volumes of interest were identified by the automated anatomical labeling library and normalized to thalamus FDG uptake. In both groups, when comparing OC to NC, the within-subjects ANOVA demonstrated a relative decreased metabolism in bilateral putamen and hippocampus and a relative increased metabolism in bilateral amygdala, olfactory cortex (OLF), caudate and pallidum. The between-groups ANOVA demonstrated in MCS a significant higher metabolism in bilateral OLF during NC. As in HC subjects negative correlations were found in OC between FDG uptake in bilateral amygdala and hippocampus and odor pleasantness scale, the latter positively correlated with MCS subjects' bilateral putamen FDG uptake in OC. Besides FDG uptake resemblances in both groups were found, for the first time a relative higher metabolism increase in OLF in MCS subjects at rest with respect to HC was found. When merging this aspect to the different subcortical FDG uptake correlations patterns in the two groups, the present study demonstrated to describe a peculiar metabolic index of behavioral and neurological aspects of MCS complaints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alessandrini
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133, Rome, Italy. alessandromicarelli@yahoo.it.|Neuroscience Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy. alessandromicarelli@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Micarelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiaravalloti
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Danieli
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierantozzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Genovesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Physics, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Öberg
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies - CNR, Rome, Italy.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pagani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy.|IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.
authors.forename: Orazio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schillaci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018777:Multiple Chemical Sensitivity / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: Automated Anatomical Labeling; Cognitive; FDG-PET/CT; Multiple chemical sensitivity; Olfaction; Olfactory cortex