title: Burden of serious fungal infections in Belgium.
abstract: We aimed to estimate the total number of serious fungal infections occurring yearly in Belgium. The number of cryptococcal infections was retrieved from the National Reference Center for Mycosis. Populations at risk and fungal infections frequencies in these populations were used to estimate incidence or prevalence of other fungal infections. The Belgian population consists of 11.10 million people. Cryptococcal meningitis is rare. In all, 15 of the 1227 newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases presented with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. This accounts for ±14% of total PCP cases (n = 120). The incidence of candidaemia is estimated as 5/100,000 resulting in 555 cases and 213 deaths. A total number of 675 invasive aspergillosis cases and ≥169 deaths attributed to this infection were calculated. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is estimated to be prevalent in 662 cases. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis cases were estimated to be 23,119 applying a 2.5% and 15% rate in adult asthma and cystic fibrosis patients respectively. Severe asthma with fungal sensitisation cases was estimated to be 30,402. There were 174,760 women with recurrent Candida vaginitis assuming a 6% rate in women aged between 15 and 50. Approximately 233,000 people of the Belgian population (2.1%) are estimated to suffer from a fungal infection on a yearly basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.|Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Reference Center for Mycosis, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lagrou
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maertens
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Reference Center for Mycosis, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Even
authors.affiliation: National Aspergillosis Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Denning
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D001229:Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001530:Belgium; D058387:Candidemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D009181:Mycoses / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Belgium; burden; fungal infections