title: Hair concentration of essential trace elements in adult non-exposed Russian population.
abstract: Appropriate reference values of hair trace element content are required for correct interpretation of biomonitoring data. The primary objective of the current study was to estimate the reference values of selected essential trace elements in hair of adult Russian population. Involved in current investigation were 7256 occupationally non-exposed adults aged from 20 to 60 years and living in the European part of Russia. Occipital hair essential metal and metalloid (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, V, Zn) content was estimated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The reference ranges were calculated in accordance with the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommendations. Women were characterized by 55, 18, 58, and 7% higher values of hair Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn content as compared to the values observed in men. At the same time, hair Cr, Fe, Se, and V concentration in men significantly exceeded the respective female values by 65, 13, 20, and 56%. Consequently, the reference ranges of essential hair trace elements content should be separately calculated for both men and women. The obtained reference ranges for hair Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, V, and Zn in men were 0.11-0.67, 0.007-0.045, 10.4-22.6, 11.1-40.5, 0.24-1.05, 0.089-0.480, 0.014-0.083, and 125.7-262.8 μg/g, respectively. The respective values estimated for women were 0.06-0.40, 0.011-0.085, 12.1-44.5, 8.9-25.6, 0.32-2.05, 0.094-0.504, 0.010-0.056, and 140.0-315.1 μg/g. The reference ranges for hair Co (0.07-0.50), Cr (0.009-0.073), Cu (11.8-29.2), Fe (9.6-31.5), Mn (0.29-1.76), Se (0.093-0.482), V (0.011-0.069), and Zn (134.7-301.9) content (μg/g) in the general cohort were also calculated.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya st., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.|All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Grina St., 7, Moscow, 117216, Russia.|Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Anatoly V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Skalny
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Margarita G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Skalnaya
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya st., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia. tinkov.a.a@gmail.com.|Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia. tinkov.a.a@gmail.com.|Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Sovetskaya St., 6, Orenburg, 460000, Russia. tinkov.a.a@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alexey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tinkov
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Eugeny P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Serebryansky
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Vasily A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Demidov
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Yulia N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Lobanova
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya st., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.|Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Andrei R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Grabeklis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya st., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.|Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Elena S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Berezkina
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Gryazeva
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.|Federal State Scientific Institution "Institute of Toxicology", Federal Medico-Biological Agency, Bekhtereva str. 1, St. Petersburg, 192019, Russia.
authors.forename: Andrey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Skalny
authors.affiliation: Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO "Centre for Biotic Medicine", Zemlyanoy Val St. 46, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Oksana A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Skalnaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedagogy and Educational Psychology, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya st., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.
authors.forename: Nikolay G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Zhivaev
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Sovetskaya St., 6, Orenburg, 460000, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexandr A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nikonorov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012426:Russia; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Coverage interval; Hair; Metals; Reference values; Trace elements