title: The effects of dental pulp stem cells on bone regeneration in rat calvarial defect model: micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stem cell therapies may be applicable to all fields of medicine, including craniomaxillofacial surgery. Dental pulp stem cells also have significant osteogenic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dental pulp stem cells on bone regeneration and to ascertain whether or not there was any superiority over traditional methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 15 non-immunodeficient Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were divided into three groups: (1) untreated control group; (2) hydroxyapatite tri-calcium-phosphate (HA/TCP) paste; (3) human dental pulp derived stem cells (DPSC) mixed with HA/TCP paste (HA/TCP+DSPC group, n=10). Two symmetrical full-thickness cranial defects were created on each parietal region (10 defects for each group). The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks post-surgery and samples were analyzed by microcomputer tomography (μ-CT) and histomorphometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The calcification rate and bone mineral density (BMD) values in Group 3 were found to be significantly higher than in the other two groups. Radiographically, bone regeneration was greater in Group 2 compared with the control group. However, there was no significant difference between Groups 2 and 1 in respect of histological analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the results of the present study, DPSCs may be a suitable factor for bone tissue engineering because they can be easily obtained and differentiate into bone cells.
authors.affiliation: Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Electronic address: dt_asutay@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Asutay
authors.affiliation: Inonu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Malatya, Turkey. Electronic address: spolat@inonu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.affiliation: Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Malatya, Turkey. Electronic address: mehmetgul@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gül
authors.affiliation: Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: cansusbs@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Cansu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Subaşı
authors.affiliation: Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: skahraman99@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sevil Altundağ
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kahraman
authors.affiliation: Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research & Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: ekaraoz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karaöz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008964:Molar, Third; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Bone regeneration; Calvarial defects; Human dental pulp stem cells; Hydroxyapatite-tri-calcium-phosphate; Tissue engineering