title: The cognitive-behavioral system of leadership: cognitive antecedents of active and passive leadership behaviors.
abstract: In the present paper, we propose a cognitive-behavioral understanding of active and passive leadership. Building on core evaluations theory, we offer a model that explains the emergence of leaders' active and passive behaviors, thereby predicting stable, inter-individual, as well as variable, intra-individual differences in both types of leadership behavior. We explain leaders' stable behavioral tendencies by their fundamental beliefs about themselves, others, and the world (core evaluations), while their variable, momentary behaviors are explained by the leaders' momentary appraisals of themselves, others, and the world (specific evaluations). By introducing interactions between the situation the leader enters, the leader's beliefs, appraisals, and behavior, we propose a comprehensive system of cognitive mechanisms that underlie active and passive leadership behavior.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel, Belgium.
authors.forename: Edina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dóci
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Leuven Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stouten
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel, Belgium.
authors.forename: Joeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hofmans
keywords: cognitive antecedents of leadership; core self-evaluations; leaders’ beliefs; transactional leadership; transformational leadership