title: A flavonoid compound from Chrysosplenium nudicaule inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of the human stomach cancer cell line SGC-7901.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric cancer remains highly prevalent, but treatment options are limited. Natural products have proved to be a rich source of anticancer drugs. Chrysosplenium nudicaule Ledeb. (Saxifragaceae) is a perennial herb that grows in the highlands of China. It has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat digestive diseases for hundreds of years. Recent studies revealed that this herb had anticancer activity, and the flavonoids were speculated to be the effective components. 6,7,3'-Trimethoxy-3,5,4'-trihydroxy flavone (TTF) and 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,3'trimethoxy-flavone-7-O-β-d-glucoside (DTFG) are flavonoid compounds isolated from Chrysosplenium nudicaule.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effect of TTF and DTFG on SGC-7901 human stomach cancer cell in vitro to determine the anticancer and induction of apoptosis properties of TTF.
  
  
  METHODS
  The proliferation of cells treated with 32, 16, 8, 4, and 2 μg/mL of TTF or DTFG for 24, 48, and 72 h was assessed by the MTT assay. After being treated with TTF, the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was assessed by acridine orange staining, ultrastructure, electrophoresis of DNA fragmentation, and flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated that TTF inhibited the growth of cancer cells with an IC50 value of 8.33 μg/mL after 72 h incubation. However, DTFG showed no inhibitory effect on the growth of the cancer cell. Further studies on TTF also confirmed that it was able to induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells at a concentration as low as 4 μg/mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The apoptotic effect of TTF makes it a promising candidate for future chemotherapeutic application in treating stomach cancer.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Immunology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China .
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Immunology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China .
authors.forename: Hongjuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , China .
authors.forename: Yunshang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: c Department of Clinical Laboratory , Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Lanzhou , China .
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: d Medical College, Northwest University for Nationalities , Lanzhou , China , and.
authors.forename: Kaizhong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: e Department of Infection , Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester , Leicester , UK.
authors.forename: Jinyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Immunology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China .
authors.forename: Xingming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D031995:Saxifragaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antitumor; Tibetan medicine; cell-cycle arrest