title: Antimicrobial activity of cream incorporated with silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from Withania somnifera.
abstract: We report on the antimicrobial activity of a cream formulation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), biosynthesized using Withania somnifera extract. Aqueous extracts of leaves promoted efficient green synthesis of AgNPs compared to fruits and root extracts of W. somnifera. Biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized for their size and shape by physical-chemical techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, laser Doppler anemometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. After confirming the antimicrobial potential of AgNPs, they were incorporated into a cream. Cream formulations of AgNPs and AgNO3 were prepared and compared for their antimicrobial activity against human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans) and a plant pathogen (Agrobacterium tumefaciens). Our results show that AgNP creams possess significantly higher antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms.
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UM), AgroBioPlant Group, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marslin
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UM), AgroBioPlant Group, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rajendran K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Selvakesavan
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UM), AgroBioPlant Group, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal ; CESPU, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarmento
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UM), AgroBioPlant Group, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Alberto C P
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dias
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011514:Proteus vulgaris / Q000187:drug effects; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D032341:Withania / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver
keywords: Withania somnifera; antimicrobial activity; green synthesis; silver nanoparticles cream