title: Cholesterol granuloma: a case series & review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholesterol granuloma (CG) is a foreign body reaction to crystallized cholesterol. Orbitofrontal CG is a rare entity with few cases reported in literature. It is usually seen in young to middle-aged males with a history of trauma. Computed tomography features include hypodense lesion-causing bone erosion. CG has typical histopathological features with cholesterol clefts, multinucleated giant cells, histiocytes, foamy macrophages, and altered blood pigments. Management is by total excision of the lesion with curettage of the underlying bone to prevent recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present an interventional case series of five patients of orbitofrontal CG, two of them females.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the patients gave a history of trauma. Management was by excision of the lesion and curettage confirmed with a 30° rigid endoscope.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cholesterol granulomas can present as superior orbital mass lesions in the absence of trauma.
authors.affiliation: Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, 18, College Road, Chennai, 600 006, India.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shrirao
authors.affiliation: Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, 18, College Road, Chennai, 600 006, India. beas003@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Bipasha
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-9276
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmic Pathology, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnakumar
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmic Pathology, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Jyotirmay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biswas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D058447:Eye Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cholesteatoma; Endoscopic curettage; Orbit