title: Dynamic enhancer-gene body contacts during transcription elongation.
abstract: Enhancers govern transcription through multiple mechanisms, including the regulation of elongation by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). We characterized the dynamics of looped enhancer contacts during synchronous transcription elongation. We found that many distal enhancers form stable contacts with their target promoters during the entire interval of elongation. Notably, we detected additional dynamic enhancer contacts throughout the gene bodies that track with elongating RNAPII and the leading edge of RNA synthesis. These results support a model in which the gene body changes its position relative to a stable enhancer-promoter complex, which has broad ramifications for enhancer function and architectural models of transcriptional elongation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
authors.forename: Kiwon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
authors.forename: Chris C-S
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsiung
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Arjun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
authors.forename: Gerd A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Blobel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051379:Mice; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D061805:Transcription Elongation, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D055544:beta-Globins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D055544:beta-Globins; D012313:RNA; D012319:RNA Polymerase II
keywords: chromatin; elongation; enhancer; looping; transcription