title: [Pretreatment with remifentanil protects against the reduced-intestinal contractility related to the ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Serious functional and structural alterations of gastrointestinal tract are observed in failure of blood supply, leading to gastrointestinal dismotility. Activation of opioid receptors provides cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of the present study was to determine whether or not remifentanil could reduce I/R injury of small intestine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar Albino rats were subjected to mesenteric ischemia (30min) followed by reperfusion (3h). Four groups were designed: sham control; remifentanil alone; I/R control; and remifentanil+I/R. Animals in remifentanil+I/R group were subjected to infusion of remifentanil (2ugkg(-1)min(-1)) for 60min, half of which started before inducing ischemia. Collecting the ileum tissues, evaluation of damage was based on contractile responses to carbachol, levels of lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration, and observation of histopathological features in intestinal tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following reperfusion, a significant decrease in carbachol-induced contractile response, a remarkable increase in both lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration, and a significant injury in mucosa were observed. An average contractile response of remifentanil+I/R group was significantly different from that of the I/R group. Lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration were also significantly suppressed by the treatment. The tissue samples of the I/R group were grade 4 in histopathological evaluation. In remifentanil+I/R group, on the other hand, the mucosal damage was moderate, staging as grade 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pretreatment with remifentanil can attenuate the intestinal I/R injury at a remarkable degree possibly by lowering lipid peroxidation and leukocyte infiltration.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Bulent Ecevit, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turquia.
authors.forename: Hale
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sayan-Ozacmak
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Bulent Ecevit, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turquia. Electronic address: vhaktan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Veysel Haktan
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Ozacmak
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Bulent Ecevit, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turquia.
authors.forename: Inci
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Bulent Ecevit, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turquia.
authors.forename: Figen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barut
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Dokuz Eylul, Inciralti, Izmir, Turquia.
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hanci
keywords: Contratilidade intestinal; Intestinal contractility; Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury; Lesão intestinal de isquemia/reperfusão; Rat; Rato; Remifentanil