title: Hedgehog- and mTOR-targeted therapies for advanced basal cell carcinomas.
abstract: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most frequent human cancer. Over 90% of all BCCs have a mutation in PTCH1 or smoothened, two conducting proteins of the Hedgehog pathway. They rarely progress deeply and metastasize; however, if they do, these advanced basal cell carcinoma become amenable to treatment by inhibiting the Hedgehog and the P13K-mTOR pathways. Such innovative drugs include vismodegib, cyclopamine, itraconazole, everolimus and a few other agents that are in early clinical development.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering & Imaging (LABIC), Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium.|Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piérard-Franchimont
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Trinh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hermanns-Lê
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paquet
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herfs
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatopathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.|Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.|Departments of Pathology, Unilab Lg, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delvenne
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering & Imaging (LABIC), Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Gérald E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Piérard
mesh_terms: D000813:Anilides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D000068338:Everolimus / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D014704:Veratrum Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; D000068338:Everolimus; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D017964:Itraconazole; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011725:Pyridines; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014704:Veratrum Alkaloids; C538724:HhAntag691; C491023:SMO protein, human; C000541:cyclopamine
keywords: Desert Hedgehog; EGF; Hedgehog; Indian Hedgehog; NF-κB; PTCH1; SMO; Sonic Hedgehog; TGF; basal cell carcinoma; cancer stem cell; cyclopamine; cytotoxic chemotherapy; everolimus; hereditary basal cell nevus syndrome; itraconazole; metastasis; protein kinase; therapy resistance; vismodegib