title: Antiresorption implant coatings based on calcium alendronate and octacalcium phosphate deposited by matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation.
abstract: The integration of an implant material with bone tissue depends on the chemistry and physics of the implant surface. In this study we applied matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) in order to synthesize calcium alendronate monohydrate (a bisphosphonate obtained by calcium sequestration from octacalcium phosphate by alendronate) and calcium alendronate monohydrate/octacalcium phosphate composite thin films on titanium substrates. Octacalcium phosphate coatings were prepared as reference material. The powders, which were synthesized in aqueous medium, were suspended in deionised water, frozen at liquid nitrogen temperature and used as targets for MAPLE experiments. The transfer was conducted with a KrF* excimer laser source (λ = 248 nm, τFWHM ≤ 25 ns) in mild conditions of temperature and pressure. XRD, FTIR and SEM analyses confirmed that the coatings contain the same crystalline phases as the as-prepared powder samples. Osteoblast derived from stem cells and osteoclast derived from monocytes of osteoporotic subjects were co-cultured on the coatings up to 14 days. Osteoclast displayed significantly reduced proliferation and differentiation in the presence of calcium alendronate monohydrate, pointing to a clear role of the coatings containing this bisphosphonate on inhibiting excessive bone resorption. At variance, osteoblast production of alkaline phosphatase and type I pro-collagen were promoted by the presence of bisphosphonate, which also decreased the production of interleukin 6. The positive influence towards osteoblast differentiation was even more enhanced in the composite coatings, thanks to the presence of octacalcium phosphate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: elisa.boanini@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boanini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Preclinical Surgical Studies, Research Institute Codivilla Putti-Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Preclinical Surgical Studies, Research Institute Codivilla Putti-Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pagani
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, P. O. Box MG 36, 77125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mihailescu
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, P. O. Box MG 36, 77125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ristoscu
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, P. O. Box MG 36, 77125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania.
authors.forename: Ion N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Mihailescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bigi
mesh_terms: D019386:Alendronate / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology; D033362:Powder Diffraction
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C022045:octacalcium phosphate; D019386:Alendronate
keywords: Alendronate; In-vitro co-cultures.; MAPLE; Octacalcium phosphate; Osteoblast; Osteoclast