title: Diversity in Plant Breeding: A New Conceptual Framework.
abstract: Faced with an accelerating rate of environmental change and the associated need for a more sustainable, low-input agriculture, the urgent new challenge for crop science is to find ways to introduce greater diversity to cropping systems. However, there is a dearth of generic formalism in programs seeking to diversify crops. In this opinion, we propose a new framework, derived from ecological theory, that should enable diversity targets to be incorporated into plant-breeding programs. While ecological theory provides criteria for maintaining diversity and optimizing the production of mixtures, such criteria are rarely fully realized in natural ecosystems. Conversely, crop breeding should optimize both agronomic value and the ability of plants to perform and live alongside one another. This framework represents an opportunity to develop more sustainable crops and also a radical new way to apply ecological theory to cropping systems.
authors.affiliation: P3F UR 004 - INRA - Le Chêne RD 150, F-86600 Lusignan, BP 86006, France. Electronic address: isabelle.litrico@lusignan.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Litrico
authors.affiliation: CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE -1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier, CEDEX 5, France.
authors.forename: Cyrille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Violle
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics*; D017753:Ecosystem; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D000069600:Plant Breeding
keywords: biotic interactions; crop traits; genetic and species heterogeneity