title: Tryptase and Protease-Activated Receptor 2 Expression Levels in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have revealed that mast cells (MCs) may activate the protease-activated receptors and release of neuropeptides involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The levels of proteaseactivated receptor 2 (PAR-2) and tryptase can contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of IBS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colonoscopic biopsies were performed of 38 subjects (20 with IBSdiarrhea [IBS-D], eight with IBS-constipation [IBS-C], and 10 healthy volunteers). The mRNA and protein levels of tryptase and PAR-2 were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blot. The levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were measured by immunohistochemistry, and MCs were counted by toluidine blue staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant increases in the mRNA expression of tryptase (p<0.05, IBS-D, IBS-C vs control) and PAR-2 (p<0.05, IBS-D, IBS-C vs control) and in the tryptase protein level (p<0.05, IBS-D, IBS-C vs control) were detected in IBS. Elevations of MCs, CGRP, VIP and SP (p<0.05, IBS-D vs control) were observed for IBS-D only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tryptase levels may upregulate the function of PAR- 2, resulting in the release of neuropeptide and they were correlated with clinical symptoms associated with IBS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jing
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Guo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: He-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Lie-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Fa-Can
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism; D053802:Tryptases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D053802:Tryptases; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
keywords: Inflammation; Irritable bowel syndrome; PAR-2; Tryptases