title: Comorbidity of poor sleep and primary headaches among nursing staff in north China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sleep disorders and primary headaches are both more prevalent among nursing staff than in the general population. However, there have been no reports about the comorbidity of poor sleep and primary headaches among nursing staff.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 1102 nurses from various departments in three hospitals in north China. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The diagnosis of primary headaches including migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), and chronic daily headache (CDH) was based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version) (ICHD-3-beta).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 93 %. Among 1023 nurses, the prevalence of poor sleep was 56.7 %. Of these, 315 nurses (34.13 %) had poor sleep comorbid with primary headaches. The prevalence of poor sleep in the groups with CDH (82.1 %), migraine (78.9 %), and TTH (59.0 %) was significantly higher than that in the group without headaches (47.3 %) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that rotating shifts and suffering headache were independent risk factors for poor sleep. Also, the 1-year prevalence of the three types of primary headache was significantly increased in the poor sleep group (migraine: 21.2 % vs. 7.2 %; TTH: 27.9 % vs. 24.9 %; CDH: 4.1 % vs. 1.1 %; P < 0.05). Compared with normal sleepers, nurses with poor sleep were 1.72 times more likely to have severe headache (OR: 1.72, 95 % CI: 1.14-2.57).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comorbidity of poor sleep and primary headaches among nursing staff is common. Therefore, sleep quality should be carefully evaluated in nurses with primary headaches.
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jingdan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Chinese Armed Police Forces, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Shiwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, China.
authors.forename: Hebo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Chinese Armed Police Forces, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: International Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing Road 28, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China. yusy1963@126.com.
authors.forename: Shengyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D051270:Headache Disorders, Primary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chronic daily headache; Comorbidity; Migraine; Nursing staff; Poor sleep; Primary Headache; Tension-type headache