title: Mobility behaviour and driving status of patients with mental disorders - an exploratory study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Driving is an important activity of daily life and an integral part of mobility. However, impact of mental illness on road mobility is widely unexplored.
  
  
  METHODS
  Driving status in 1497 psychiatric inpatients (PPs) and a clinical control group of 313 neurological inpatients (NPs) was investigated using a brief questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  67% of PPs (89% NPs) reported to have a valid driver's licence and 77% of them (92% NPs) reported to regularly use their cars. Within driver's license holders, patients with organic mental disorder (32%), substance dependence (37%) and psychotic disorder (40%) had the lowest proportion of current drivers. Higher educational qualification (odds ratio [OR] from 2.978 to 17.036) and being married/partnered (OR 3.049) or divorced (OR 4.840) significantly advanced the probability of possession of a driving license. Predictive factors for driving cessation were being female, an older age, drawing a pension and having an organic mental disease or schizophrenic disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mental disease has a negative impact on driving status and this is especially true for illnesses frequently being accompanied by distinct cognitive impairments. Factors predicting road mobility elucidate the strong relationship with psychosocial status indicating that recovery of driving competence should be an integral goal of treatment strategies.
authors.affiliation: a kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Psychiatric Hospital , Department of Neuropsychology , Wasserburg/Inn , Germany ;|e Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Ludwig-Maximilians University , Munich , Germany ;|i Institute for Psychological Medicine (IPM) , Haag i. OB , Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brunnauer
authors.affiliation: a kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Psychiatric Hospital , Department of Neuropsychology , Wasserburg/Inn , Germany ;
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Buschert
authors.affiliation: e Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Ludwig-Maximilians University , Munich , Germany ;
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Segmiller
authors.affiliation: a kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Psychiatric Hospital , Department of Neuropsychology , Wasserburg/Inn , Germany ;|f Vitos Klinik , Department of Forensic Psychiatry , Haina , Germany ;
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zwick
authors.affiliation: b kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Psychiatric Hospital , Department of Neurology , Wasserburg/Inn , Germany ;
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bufler
authors.affiliation: c Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Psychiatric Hospital , Augsburg , Germany ;
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmauss
authors.affiliation: c Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, Psychiatric Hospital , Augsburg , Germany ;|d Danuvius Klinik Pfaffenhofen, Psychiatric Hospital , Pfaffenhofen , Germany ;
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.affiliation: e Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Ludwig-Maximilians University , Munich , Germany ;
authors.forename: Hans-Jürgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.affiliation: g Mediclin Klinik an der Lindenhöhe, Psychiatric Hospital , Offenburg , Germany ;
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Frommberger
authors.affiliation: a kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Psychiatric Hospital , Department of Neuropsychology , Wasserburg/Inn , Germany ;
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bartl
authors.affiliation: h Pfalzklinikum Klingenmünster, Psychiatric Hospital , Klingenmünster , Germany ;
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: e Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Ludwig-Maximilians University , Munich , Germany ;|i Institute for Psychological Medicine (IPM) , Haag i. OB , Germany.
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Laux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Mobility; driving status; neurological patients; psychiatric patients