title: Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in an Aging HIV Population: Where Are We Now?
abstract: With more effective and widespread antiretroviral treatment, the overall incidence of AIDS- or HIV-related death has decreased dramatically. Consequently, as patients are aging, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the HIV population. The incidence of CVD overall in HIV is relatively low, but it is approximately 1.5-2-fold higher than that seen in age-matched HIV-uninfected individuals. Multiple factors are believed to explain this excess in risk such as overrepresentation of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (particularly smoking), toxicities associated with cumulative exposure to some antiretroviral agents, together with persistent chronic inflammation, and immune activation associated with HIV infection. Tools are available to calculate an individual's predicted risk of CVD and should be incorporated in the regular follow-up of HIV-infected patients. Targeted interventions to reduce this risk must be recommended, including life-style changes and medical interventions that might include changes in antiretroviral therapy.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Odense University Hospital, Søndre Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. raquel@bisaurin.org.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martin-Iguacel
authors.affiliation: HIV Unit and "Lluita contra la SIDA" Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol. Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. jmllibre.fls.germanstrias@gencat.cat.|Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. jmllibre.fls.germanstrias@gencat.cat.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Llibre
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Odense University Hospital, Søndre Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. Nina.Friis-Moeller@rsyd.dk.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Friis-Moller
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Antiretroviral therapy; Cardiovascular Risk; Cerebrovascular disease; HIV