title: Circulating Levels of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor and D-Dimer in Patients With Hematological Malignancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with cancer exhibit changes in their hemostatic mechanisms. The D-dimer (D-D) is the most important subproduct of fibrinolysis, and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is related to invasiveness and metastases, and is overexpressed in neoplastic cells. The objective of this study was to identify in patients with hematological neoplasia, the serum levels of uPAR and D-D, and to determine their effects on outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was performed. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from the clinical chart. Determination of uPAR in serum (pg/L) was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and D-D (μg/dL) using nephelometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 42 patients (35 with lymphomas). Statistically significant differences were found in D-D (P < .001) and uPAR (P < .01) between patients and control participants. Response was an accumulated clinical outcome. We observed statistical differences between groups (P < .001). D-D was positive in 70% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found differences in D-D serum levels and soluble uPAR between control participants and patients with lymphoma. These results indicate that D-D serum levels and soluble uPAR should be considered biomarkers of response and survival in patients with lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Hematología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiologia Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Benjamín
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rubio-Jurado
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiologia Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tello-González
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Hematología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bustamante-Chávez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No 1, Col. Belisario Domínguez sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan. CP 14080, México D.F. México; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Edificio D, 1er Piso, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F. CP 04510. México D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Peña
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riebeling-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiologia Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; Programa Internacional Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: navazava@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Arnulfo Hernan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Nava-Zavala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; C036309:fibrin fragment D
keywords: Biological Markers; Bone Marrow Neoplasms; Coagulation; Hematologic Neoplasms; uPAR