title: Long-term intake of white tea prevents oxidative damage caused by adriamycin in kidney of rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  White tea infusion (Camelia sinensis) has antioxidants properties. The infusion contains polyphenols that have been proposed to induce antioxidant response element (ARE) response via nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Adriamycin (ADR) has antitumour properties and oxidative effects. Oxidative stress is related to a variety of kidney diseases. Prevention of the oxidative stress through long-term intake of white tea and the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in protection could be of great interest. Rats were given distilled water, 0.015 or 0.045 g of solid white tea extract kg(-1) body weight for 12 months. Animals received an injection of ADR. In kidney, oxidative stress parameters were measured, the expressions of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2), and detoxifying and antioxidants genes were analysed, and the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADR administration increased oxidative parameters and decreased the antioxidant activity; significantly increased the expression of analysed genes and the activity of CAT and SOD and decreased GR activity. The highest white tea dose protected redox status and inhibited ARE response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term intake of white tea protected kidney against the oxidative stress. ADR activated the ARE response but in animals treated with the highest dose of white tea, this response was inhibited, probably for antioxidant protection. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Llamas
authors.affiliation: Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Guardiola
authors.affiliation: Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marino B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Arnao
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zamora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D061745:Antioxidant Response Elements; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051265:NF-E2-Related Factor 1 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000975:Antioxidants; D051265:NF-E2-Related Factor 1; C495632:Nfe2l1 protein, rat; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013662:Tea; D004317:Doxorubicin; D010088:Oxidoreductases
keywords: ARE response; Nrf2; adriamycin; kidney; oxidative stress; polyphenols; white tea