title: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus M protein blocks cell cycle progression at S-phase and its subcellular localization in the porcine intestinal epithelial cells.
abstract: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) caused by virulent strains of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious enteric disease of swine characterized by severe enteritis, vomiting, and watery diarrhea. This study investigates the subcellular localization and function of PEDV M protein through examination of its effects on cell growth, cell cycle progression, and interleukin 8 (IL-8) expression. Our results revealed that the PEDV M protein is localized throughout the cytoplasm. The M protein altered swine intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC) growth and induced cell cycle arrest at the S-phase via the cyclin A pathway. The S-phase arrest is associated with a decrease in level of cyclin A. Furthermore, our results revealed that the M protein of PEDV does not induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and does not activate NF-κB which is responsible for IL-8 and Bcl-2 expression. This is the ﬁrst report to demonstrate that the PEDV M protein is localized in the whole cell and induces cell cycle arrest at the S-phase. This study provides novel findings in the function of M proteins of PEDV.
authors.forename: X G
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D000086862:Coronavirus M Proteins; D056741:Cyclin D / Q000502:physiology; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000821:virology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016196:S Phase; D013552:Swine; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000086862:Coronavirus M Proteins; D056741:Cyclin D; D016209:Interleukin-8; C000706236:M protein, Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins
keywords: PEDV M protein; S-phase; cyclin A; subcellular localization; IL-8.