title: Stakeholder demands and corporate environmental coping strategies in China.
abstract: This paper examines how stakeholder demand and compliance capacity jointly shape corporate environmental coping strategies and subsequently environmental protection practices. A four-dimensional classification of coping strategies-formalism, accommodation, referencing, and self-determination-is conceptualized. Drawing on survey and interview data collected from manufacturing enterprises in China between 2010 and 2012, the paper shows that compared with formalism and accommodation, coping strategies of referencing and self-determination are associated with stronger environmental protection practices. Enterprises adjust their coping strategies by taking into account the constraints defined by both their internal and external environments. The results also demonstrate the potential synergetic effects of state and non-state stakeholders working together in promoting better corporate environmental coping strategies and environmental practices in China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Policy, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Electronic address: ning.liu@cityu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0626, United States. Electronic address: stang@price.usc.edu.
authors.forename: Shui-Yan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Marketing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Electronic address: carlos.lo@polyu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Carlos Wing-Hung
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Department of Management and Marketing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Electronic address: xueyong.zhan@polyu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Xueyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhan
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel / Q000523:psychology; D002681:China; D003132:Commerce; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: Compliance capacity; Corporate environmental coping strategy; Environmental protection practices; Stakeholder demand