title: Effects of dendritic core-shell glycoarchitectures on primary mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts obtained from different human donors.
abstract: The biological impact of novel nano-scaled drug delivery vehicles in highly topical therapies of bone diseases have to be investigated in vitro before starting in vivo trials. Highly desired features for these materials are a good cellular uptake, large transport capacity for drugs and a good bio-compatibility. Essentially the latter has to be addressed as first point on the agenda. We present a study on the biological interaction of maltose-modified poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI-Mal) on primary human mesenchymal stem cell, harvested from reaming debris (rdMSC) and osteoblasts obtained from four different male donors. PEI-Mal-nanoparticles with two different molecular weights of the PEI core (5000 g/mol for PEI-5k-Mal-B and 25,000 g/mol for PEI-25k-Mal-B) have been administered to both cell lines. As well dose as incubation-time dependent effects and interactions have been researched for concentrations between 1 μg/ml to 1 mg/ml and periods of 24 h up to 28 days. Studies conducted by different methods of microscopy as light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, transmission-electron-microscopy and quantitative assays (LDH and DC-protein) indicate as well a good cellular uptake of the nanoparticles as a particle- and concentration-dependent impact on the cellular macro- and micro-structure of the rdMSC samples. In all experiments PEI-5k-Mal-B exhibits a superior biocompatibility compared to PEI-25k-Mal-B. At higher concentrations PEI-25k-Mal-B is toxic and induces a directly observable mitochondrial damage. The alkaline phosphatase assay (ALP), has been conducted to check on the possible influence of nanoparticles on the differentiation capabilities of rdMSC to osteoblasts. In addition the production of mineralized matrix has been shown by von-Kossa stained samples. No influence of the nanoparticles on the ALP per cell has been detected. Additionally, for all experiments, results are strongly influenced by a large donor-to-donor variability of the four different rdMSC samples. To summarize, while featuring a good cellular uptake, PEI-5k-Mal-B induces only minimal adverse effects and features clearly superior biocompatibility compared to the larger PEI-25k-Mal-B.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Stefan.Lautenschlaeger@med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lautenschläger
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany. striegler@ipfdd.de.
authors.forename: Christin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Striegler
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Olga.Dakischew@klinchemie.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dakischew
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Iris.Schuetz@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schütz
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus: Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Gabor.Szalay@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Gabor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szalay
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Reinhard.Schnettler@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schnettler
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Christian.Heiss@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de.|Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus: Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Christian.Heiss@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heiß
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany. applhans@ipfdd.de.
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Appelhans
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Katrin.S.Lips@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: Katrin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lips
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008320:Maltose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D008320:Maltose; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase