title: Short-term and long-term effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: To assess the short-term and long-term effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment, a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of DPP-4 inhibitor interventions in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment was performed. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through the end of March 2015. Randomized clinical trials were selected if (1) DPP-4 inhibitors were compared with a placebo or other active-comparators, (2) the treatment duration was ≥12 weeks and (3) data regarding changes in haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c ), changes in fasting plasma glucose or hypoglycaemia and other adverse events were reported. Of 790 studies, ten studies on eight randomized clinical trials were included. Compared with the control group, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with a greater HbA1c reduction in both the short-term [mean differences (MD) = -0.45, 95% confidence intervals (-0.57, -0.33), p < 0.0001] and long-term [MD = -0.33, 95% confidence intervals (-0.63, -0.03), p = 0.03] treatments. However, the long-term greater reduction in HbA1c with DPP-4 inhibitor treatment was only significant when the control treatment comprised placebo plus stable background treatment, but not glipizide plus stable background treatment. DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with a greater fasting plasma glucose reduction [MD = -12.59, 95% confidence intervals (-22.01, -3.17), p = 0.009] over the short-term; however, this effect was not present over the long-term. Regarding the hypoglycaemia adverse events assessment, the long-term treatment data indicated there was no increased risk of hypoglycaemia compared with placebo or active-controlled anti-diabetic drugs. The present meta-analysis confirms that DPP-4 inhibitors are effective and equivalent to other agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with renal impairment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Ruifei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Sihao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Meijuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors
keywords: FPG; HbA1c; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; meta-analysis; renal impairment; type 2 diabetes mellitus