title: Juvenile exposure to vinclozolin shifts sex ratios and impairs reproductive capacity of zebrafish.
abstract: Exposure to endocrine disruptors during critical periods of development can impact the sustainability of wild fish populations. Anti-androgenic compounds have received less attention, but are capable of modulating gonad differentiation and maturation, and impairing reproduction in fish. The fungicide vinclozolin (VZ) has been shown to impair reproduction in adult fish, but less is known about its effects following exposure earlier in development. Here we show that waterborne exposure to 400μg VZ/L during critical periods of sex differentiation (21-35 days post fertilization) permanently shifts sex ratios towards females, and alters the maturation of the gonad. Both fecundity and fertility were reduced, even when oogenesis and spermatogenesis recover and sperm motility is not altered. These results demonstrate the need to better understand the impacts of early exposure to anti-androgenic compounds on fish.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Yer
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lor
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Revak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weigand
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, United States.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, United States. Electronic address: tking-heiden@uwlax.edu.
authors.forename: Tisha C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: King-Heiden
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012744:Sex Ratio; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D010080:Oxazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C025643:vinclozolin
keywords: Anti-androgen; Reproduction; Sex differentiation; Vinclozolin; Zebrafish