title: Mannitol metabolism during pathogenic fungal-host interactions under stressed conditions.
abstract: Numerous plants and fungi produce mannitol, which may serve as an osmolyte or metabolic store; furthermore, mannitol also acts as a powerful quencher of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some phytopathogenic fungi use mannitol to stifle ROS-mediated plant resistance. Mannitol is essential in pathogenesis to balance cell reinforcements produced by both plants and animals. Mannitol likewise serves as a source of reducing power, managing coenzymes, and controlling cytoplasmic pH by going about as a sink or hotspot for protons. The metabolic pathways for mannitol biosynthesis and catabolism have been characterized in filamentous fungi by direct diminishment of fructose-6-phosphate into mannitol-1-phosphate including a mannitol-1-phosphate phosphatase catalyst. In plants mannitol is integrated from mannose-6-phosphate to mannitol-1-phosphate, which then dephosphorylates to mannitol. The enzyme mannitol dehydrogenase plays a key role in host-pathogen interactions and must be co-localized with pathogen-secreted mannitol to resist the infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Mukesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meena
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Andleeb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zehra
authors.affiliation: Molecular Glycobiotechnology Group, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Vijai K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Ram S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
keywords: Mannitol; mannitol dehydrogenase (MTD); mannitol-1-phosphate-5-dehydrogenase (MPD); polyols; reactive oxygen species (ROS)