title: Perceived Stress and Coffee and Energy Drink Consumption Predict Poor Sleep Quality in Podiatric Medical Students A Cross-sectional Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A cross-sectional survey administered to first- and second-year podiatric medical students aimed to investigate the effect of coffee intake, energy drink consumption, and perceived stress on sleep quality in medical students during their preclinical studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight of 183 students contacted (53.6%) completed a questionnaire comprising standard instruments measuring sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness scale), and perceived stress (ten-item Perceived Stress Scale). Furthermore, we investigated coffee and energy drink consumption. Logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with poor sleep quality and the relation between sleep quality and academic performance (grade point average).
  
  
  RESULTS
  High prevalences of poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and perceived stress were reported. In addition, higher odds of developing poor sleep quality were associated with coffee and energy drink intake, perceived stress, and excessive daytime sleepiness. The total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was inversely correlated with grade point average.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First- and second-year podiatric medical students have poor sleep quality. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies to reduce stress and decrease coffee and energy drink intake to minimize their negative effect on sleep quality and academic performance in podiatric medical students.
authors.forename: Mohomad Al
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sawah
authors.forename: Naeemah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruffin
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rimawi
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Concerto
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aguglia
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chusid
authors.forename: Carmenrita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Infortuna
authors.forename: Fortunato
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Battaglia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003069:Coffee; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D061215:Energy Drinks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D010465:Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee