title: Pilot Study on Oral Health Status as Assessed by an Active Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Chairside Mouthrinse Test in Adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 is a major destructive collagenase involved in periodontitis and can be regarded as a periodontitis biomarker. A neutrophil collagenase 2 (active MMP-8 [aMMP-8]) oral fluid immunoassay has recently been demonstrated to be a periodontitis risk indicator among adults. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a point-of-care mouthrinse test based on an aMMP-8 immunoassay could identify patients with oral inflammatory burden (periodontitis and caries) among adolescents with early pathologic findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Kotka Health Center, Finland. First, the aMMP-8 chairside mouthrinse test was performed on enrolled individuals (adolescents aged 15 to 17 years, n = 47), and the results were read based on a color change within 5 minutes. Then, full-mouth clinical parameters of oral health were assessed, including periodontal, oral mucosal, and caries status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity and specificity of the test for bleeding on probing were 71.8% and 77.5%, respectively (P = 0.05); for ≥1 site with probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm, 48.3% and 100% (P <0.001); for ≥2 sites with PD ≥4 mm, 63.6% and 100% (P <0.001); and for >2 sites with PD ≥4 mm, 76.5% and 96.7% (P <0.01). Regarding periodontitis (≥1 site with PD ≥4 mm), hardly any false-positive results were identified. The sensitivity of the immunoassay for ≥1 caries lesions was 76.5%, and the specificity was 96.7% (P <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In 5 minutes, the aMMP-8 chairside test showed promising results, recognizing oral inflammatory burden in adolescents with early initial signs of periodontitis. Caries lesions could also be detected, but less efficiently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Heikkinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Solomon O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Nwhator
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Nilminie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rathnayake
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mäntylä
authors.affiliation: Kotka Health Center, Kotka, Finland.
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vatanen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.|Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005387:Finland; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: C488762:MMP8 protein, human; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8
keywords: Adolescent; dental caries; immunoassay; matrix metalloproteinase 8; periodontitis