title: Clostridium punense sp. nov., an obligate anaerobe isolated from healthy human faeces.
abstract: An obligately anaerobic, rod-shaped (0.5-1.0 × 2.0-10.0 μm), Gram-stain-positive bacterium, occurring mainly singly or in pairs, and designated BLPYG-8T, was isolated from faeces of a healthy human volunteer aged 56 years. Cells were non-motile. Oval, terminal spores were formed that swell the cells. The strain was affiliated with the genus Clostridium sensu stricto (Clostridium rRNA cluster I) as revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Strain BLPYG-8T showed 97.3 to 97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Clostridium sulfidigenes DSM 18982T, Clostridium subterminale DSM 6970T and Clostridium thiosulfatireducens DSM 13105T. DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic analysis showed that the strain was distinct from its closest relatives, C. sulfidigenes DSM 18982T, C. subterminale DSM 6970T, C. thiosulfatireducens DSM 13105T with 54.2, 53.9 and 53.3 % DNA-DNA relatedness, respectively. Strain BLPYG-8T grew in PYG broth at temperatures between 20 and 40 °C (optimum 37 °C). The strain utilized a range of amino acids as well as carbohydrates as a source of carbon and energy. Glucose fermentation resulted in the formation of volatile fatty acids mainly acetic acid, n-butyric acid and organic acids such as succinic and lactic acid. The DNA G+C content of strain BLPYG-8T was 44.1 mol%. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. Phylogenetic analysis and specific phenotypic characteristics and/or DNA G+C content differentiated the strain from its closest relatives. On the basis of these data, strain BLPYG-8T represents a novel species of the genus Clostridium, for which the name Clostridium punense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BLPYG-8T ( = DSM 28650T = CCUG 64195T = MCC 2737T).
authors.affiliation: Agharkar Research Institute, Maharashtra Association of Cultivation of Sciences, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India (affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India).
authors.forename: Vikram Bholanath
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Lanjekar
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
authors.forename: Nachiket Prakash
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Marathe
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
authors.forename: Yogesh Shreepad
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shouche
authors.affiliation: Agharkar Research Institute, Maharashtra Association of Cultivation of Sciences, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India (affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India).
authors.forename: Dilip Ramchandra
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Ranade
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D003013:Clostridium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005285:Fermentation; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S