title: Randomised comparison of two neonatal resuscitation bags in manikin ventilation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare ventilation properties and user preference of a new upright neonatal resuscitator developed for easier cleaning, reduced complexity, and possibly improved ventilation properties, with the standard Laerdal neonatal resuscitator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-seven Tanzanian and Norwegian nursing and medical students without prior knowledge of newborn resuscitation were briefly trained in bag-mask ventilation. The two resuscitators were used in random order on a manikin connected to a test lung with normal or low lung compliance. Data were collected with the Laerdal Newborn Resuscitation Monitor. The students graded mask seal and ease of air entry on a four-point scale ranging from 1 ('difficult') to 4 ('easy') and stated which device they preferred. (Equipment from Laerdal Global Health and Laerdal Medical).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For upright versus standard resuscitator and normal lung compliance, mean expiratory lung volume was 15.5 mL vs 13.9 mL (p=0.001), mean mask leakage 48% vs 58% (p<0.001), and mean airway pressure 20 cm H2O vs 19 cm H2O (p=0.003), respectively. For low lung compliance, mean expiratory lung volume was 8.6 mL vs 8.1 mL (p=0.045), mean mask leakage 53% vs 62% (p<0.001), and mean airway pressure 21 cm H2O vs 20 cm H2O (p=0.004) for upright versus standard. The upright resuscitator was preferred by 82% and 68% of students during ventilation with normal and low lung compliance, respectively (p=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expiratory volumes were higher, mask leakage lower, and mean airway pressure slightly higher with upright versus standard resuscitator when ventilating a manikin. The majority of students preferred the upright resuscitator.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thallinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Hege Langli
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ersdal
authors.affiliation: Principal Tutor at Haydom School of Nursing, Haydom, Manyara, Tanzania.
authors.forename: Crescent
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ombay
authors.affiliation: Laerdal Medical AS, Strategic Research, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Joar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eilevstjønn
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ketil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Størdal
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008348:Manikins; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D013334:Students; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Neonatology; Resuscitation