title: Metabolic Engineering of Wheat Provitamin A by Simultaneously Overexpressing CrtB and Silencing Carotenoid Hydroxylase (TaHYD).
abstract: Increasing the provitamin A content in staple crops via carotenoid metabolic engineering is one way to address vitamin A deficiency. In this work a combination of methods was applied to specifically increase β-carotene content in wheat by metabolic engineering. Endosperm-specific silencing of the carotenoid hydroxylase gene (TaHYD) increased β-carotene content 10.5-fold to 1.76 μg g(-1) in wheat endosperm. Overexpression of CrtB introduced an additional flux into wheat, accompanied by a β-carotene increase of 14.6-fold to 2.45 μg g(-1). When the "push strategy" (overexpressing CrtB) and "block strategy" (silencing TaHYD) were combined in wheat metabolic engineering, significant levels of β-carotene accumulation were obtained, corresponding to an increase of up to 31-fold to 5.06 μg g(-1). This is the first example of successful metabolic engineering to specifically improve β-carotene content in wheat endosperm through a combination of methods and demonstrates the potential of genetic engineering for specific nutritional enhancement of wheat.
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Xiatian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Mingli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Kexiu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Junli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Yuesheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Guangxiao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Guangyuan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D020868:Gene Silencing; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D019207:beta Carotene; D014801:Vitamin A; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases
keywords: CrtB; RNA interference; carotene hydroxylase; provitamin A; wheat; β-carotene