title: High Trap Formation and Low Metabolite Production by Disruption of the Polyketide Synthase Gene Involved in the Biosynthesis of Arthrosporols from Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora.
abstract: A group of morphology regulatory arthrosporol metabolites have been recently characterized from carnivorous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora that can develop trapping networks to capture their prey. A combination of genetic manipulation and chemical analyses was applied to characterize the function of one polyketide synthase (PKS) gene AOL_s00215g283 in A. oligospora, which was putatively involved in the production of 6-methylsalicylic acid. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the disruption of the PKS gene not only led to the total loss of the arthrosporol A but also resulted in significant reduction in the production of secondary metabolites in the cultural broth of the mutant ΔAOL_s00215g283 strain. Interestingly, the mutant strain displayed significant increases in the trap formation and the nematicidal activity by 10 and 2 times, respectively, higher than the wild-type strain. These findings revealed a pathogenicity-related biosynthetic gene of this agriculturally important biological agent and have implications for establishment of efficient fungal biocontrol agents.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zi-Fei
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bai-Le
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Kai
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ke-Qin
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009348:Nematoda / Q000382:microbiology*; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D064210:Secondary Metabolism; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D048630:Polyketide Synthases
keywords: 6-methylsalicylic acid; Arthrobotrys oligospora; arthrosporol; biosynthesis; nematode-trapping fungus