title: Impact of dietary fiber energy on the calculation of food total energy value in the Brazilian Food Composition Database.
abstract: Dietary fiber (DF) contributes to the energy value of foods and including it in the calculation of total food energy has been recommended for food composition databases. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of including energy provided by the DF fermentation in the calculation of food energy. Total energy values of 1753 foods from the Brazilian Food Composition Database were calculated with or without the inclusion of DF energy. The energy values were compared, through the use of percentage difference (D%), in individual foods and in daily menus. Appreciable energy D% (⩾10) was observed in 321 foods, mainly in the group of vegetables, legumes and fruits. However, in the Brazilian typical menus containing foods from all groups, only D%<3 was observed. In mixed diets, the DF energy may cause slight variations in total energy; on the other hand, there is appreciable energy D% for certain foods, when individually considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: wenzelde@usp.br.
authors.forename: Elizabete Wenzel de
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana Bistriche
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Giuntini
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tássia do Vale Cardoso
authors.initials: Tdo V
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milana Cara Tanasov
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Samira Bernardino Ramos do
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: FAO, Rome, ESN, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00153 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: U Ruth
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Charrondière
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Franco Maria
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Lajolo
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Dietary fiber energy; Energy calculation; Energy content; Food composition database