title: Current Concepts in the Use of PLLA: Clinical Synergy Noted with Combined Use of Microfocused Ultrasound and Poly-L-Lactic Acid on the Face, Neck, and Décolletage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aging of the face, neck, and décolletage is a multifactorial process involving epidermal photodamage and loss of soft tissue and bony volume. Multilevel rejuvenation of these areas can be obtained by enhancing volume restoration, neocollagenesis, and tissue contraction with combined efficacy of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and microfocused ultrasound (MFU, Ultherapy) treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors reviewed the use of PLLA and MFUs as collaborative modalities to improve the appearance of the face, neck, and décolletage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Experienced cosmetic dermatology centers deliver PLLA and MFU in a single session to target multiple tissue planes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concurrent treatment with PLLA and MFUs can be performed efficiently and safely; however, additional research is needed to explore the synergistic effects of these treatments. Patients may also benefit from decreased overall downtime and necessary office visits.
authors.affiliation: Chicago, Ill.; San Diego and Los Angeles, Calif.; and New York, N.Y. From the Division of Dermatology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego; Goldman Butterwick Fitzpatrick Groff & Fabi; Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center; and Department of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Donna R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Sabrina G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Fabi
authors.forename: W Matthew
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Mitchel P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005145:Face; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009333:Neck; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)