title: Expression, genetic localization and phylogenic analysis of NAPlr in piscine Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae isolates and their patterns of adherence.
abstract: Streptococcus dysgalactiae, the long recognized mammalian pathogen, has currently received a major concern regarding fish bacterial infection. Adhesion to host epithelial cells and the presence of wall-associated plasminogen binding proteins are prerequisites to Streptococcus infection. This is the first study of the occurrence of nephritis-associated plasminogen-binding receptor (NAPlr) and α-enolase genes in piscine S. dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae (SDSD) isolates. Further characterization of surface localized NAPlr of fish SDSD revealed a similar immune-reactive band of 43 KDa as that from porcine S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE). The phylogenetic analysis revealed that NAPlr of fish SDSD is more associated with those of mammalian SDSE and Streptococcus pyogenes rather than of other streptococci. Our findings warrant public attention to the possible implication of these virulence genes in dissemination of SDSD to different tissues of infected hosts and to get advantage to new niches. The SDSD adherence patterns were also studied to better understand their pathogenicity. The patterns of adherence of SDSD on two different cell lines showed a different pattern of adherence. Such difference gives an insight about the variance in host susceptibility to infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdelsalam
authors.affiliation: AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.affiliation: Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt ; Departments of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Eissa
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology Center for Services and Researches, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warda
keywords: Adherence pattern; NAPlr gene; Piscine S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae; Virulence traits; α-enolase gene