title: Effectiveness of Oral Antiseptics on Tooth Biofilm: A Study in vivo.
abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness of five different mouthwashes through measurement of the plaque index.
  
  
  
  Fifty subjects took part in this blind study, randomized into blocks of five groups according to the active ingredient of the mouthwash: CHX group (0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate), essential oils (EO) group, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) group, Tri group (triclosan) and Hamamelis virginiana (HV) group. All subjects were evaluated for a reduction in the bacterial plaque index at 7, 14 and 21 days.
  
  
  
  There was a significant reduction in the mean plaque index during the period of evaluation (p < 0.01), and the reduction during the period of evaluation was different between mouthwashes (p < 0.01). The reduction in the plaque index at the end of 21 days was, in decreasing order, CHX > EO > CPC > Tri > HV.
  
  
  
  The reduction in the plaque index during the period of evaluation was different between the types of mouth-wash. The mouthwash containing the active ingredient chlorhexidine was the most effective, followed by the essential oil, cetylpyridinium chloride, triclosan and H. virginiana.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA Brazil.
authors.forename: José Carlos Elias
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mouchrek Junior
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA Brazil.
authors.forename: Lívia Helena de Araújo Castro
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA Brazil.
authors.forename: Cleidiane Silveira
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia de Castro
authors.initials: Cde C
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Postgraduate in Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Quinzeiro E Silva
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Mouchrek
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Postgraduate in Dentistry, CEUMA University, Rua Jossue Montello 01, Sao Luis, Brazil, e-mail: rudysd@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Rudys Rodolfo De Jesus
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tavarez
authors.affiliation: Department of Postgraduate in Integrated Dental Science University of Cuiaba, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mateus Rodrigues
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Tonetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Postgraduate in Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Coelho
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bandeca
authors.affiliation: Department of Postgraduate in Dentistry, CEUMA University, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Etevaldo Matos
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Maia Filho
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D029501:Hamamelis / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014260:Triclosan / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D014260:Triclosan; D002594:Cetylpyridinium; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Mouthwash; Tooth biofilm