title: Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism, adverse pregnancy outcome and periodontitis in Turkish women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine associations between interleukin (IL)-1A (+4845), IL-1B (+3954), and IL-1 receptor antagonist (RN) variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms and adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontitis in a Turkish women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 156 patients, including 64 women with normal birth outcome (NB) and 92 women with preterm/low birth weight outcome (PLBW) were included in this case-control study. Within 24h after labor, maternal demographic characteristics and clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. The distribution and genotype frequencies of IL-1 were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Statistical analyses were carried out for clinical periodontal parameters, genotype frequencies, and to identify explanatory variables for PLBW.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PLBW was associated with maternal age (p<0.05), irregular prenatal care (p<0.001), previous PLBW (p<0.05), and antibiotic use during pregnancy (p<0.05). Measurements of probing depth and clinical attachment level (CAL) were significantly higher in the PLBW group than in the NB group (p<0.001). PLBW was associated with IL-1RN allele 2 (p<0.001). Moreover, stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that CAL (OR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.85) and IL-1RN polymorphism (OR 7.92, 95% CI: 2.76-22.79), previous PLBW (OR 5.01, 95% CI: 1.08-23.17), age (OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.44) were predictors found to increase the risk of PLBW (p<0.05). There was a negative association between PLBW and regular prenatal care, total number of births, use an antibiotic during pregnancy period (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that, IL-1RN allele 2, periodontal disease characterized with clinical attachment loss, previous PLBW and age could be an important risk factors for PLBW.
authors.affiliation: The Ministry Health of Turkey, Oral and Dental Health Center, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nezahat Arzu
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kayar
authors.affiliation: Baskent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: noalptekin@baskent.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Nilgün Özlem
authors.initials: NÖ
authors.lastname: Alptekin
authors.affiliation: Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Emin
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erdal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
keywords: Adverse pregnancy outcomes; Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms; Interleukin-1A (+4845); Interleukin-1B (+3954); Periodontitis