title: Interdisciplinary Approach to a Tooth with Open Apex and Persistent Sinus.
abstract: Traumatic injuries in childhood may disrupt root development leading to a tooth with open apex. Apexification procedures in such cases aim at root end closure after reasonable period of time. In some chronic cases, complete healing of the periapical area does not occur resulting in development of a nonhealing sinus. Failure of nonsurgical approach in such cases needs surgical intervention permitting thorough periapical curettage. In the present case, apexification procedure with MTA achieved root end closure but failed to heal the sinus for which surgical treatment was completed with thorough periapical curettage and application of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and a combination of β-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite resulted in healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Meeyannoor, Kollam, Kerala 691537, India.
authors.forename: Anoop N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Meeyannoor, Kollam, Kerala 691537, India.
authors.forename: Krishnamohan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geetha
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Meeyannoor, Kollam, Kerala 691537, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varghese Kurian
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Meeyannoor, Kollam, Kerala 691537, India.
authors.forename: Radhakrishnan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Meeyannoor, Kollam, Kerala 691537, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nandakumar