title: Detection of Cerebral Vasospasm Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using Motor Evoked Potentials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Early detection of vasospasm (VS) following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is vital to trigger therapy and to prevent infarction and subsequent permanent neurological deficit. Although motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are a well-established method for intraoperative detection of cerebral VS and cerebral ischemia during aneurysm surgery, there are no studies investigating the diagnostic value of MEPs for detecting delayed VS following aSAH in an intensive care unit.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A prospective study was conceived to assess the diagnostic accuracy of MEPs in comparison with digital subtraction angiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  MEP threshold changes were determined in patients both with and without angiographic VS following high-grade aSAHs. Sensitivity, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values of significant MEP threshold increases, which indicate angiographic VS, were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients experiencing VS of the arteries supplying cerebral motor areas, a minimal MEP threshold increase of 50 mA (mean 66.25 mA) was observed, whereas a maximum MEP threshold increase of 30 mA was observed in patients without VS. Therefore, an increase from a baseline of ≥50 mA was considered significant and resulted in a sensitivity of 0.83, a specificity of 0.92, a positive predictive value of 0.83, and a negative predictive value of 0.92.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VS following aSAH can be detected accurately by using MEPs. MEPs are a feasible bedside tool for online VS detection in an intensive care unit and, therefore, may complement existing diagnostic tools.
authors.affiliation: ‡Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria; §Institute of Human Biology, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Graz, Austria; ¶Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, General Hospital of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grossauer
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koeck
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraschl
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olipitz
authors.forename: Klaus A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hausegger
authors.forename: Giles H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Vince
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000379:methods; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*