title: Properties of Calanus finmarchicus biomass during frozen storage after heat inactivation of autolytic enzymes.
abstract: Calanus finmarchicus is a marine zooplankton of interest for the aquaculture industry, as well as for nutraceuticals and the cosmetic industry. The chemical composition of C. finmarchicus rapidly changes postmortem due to autolytic processes; in particular phospholipids rapidly degrade to give free fatty acids. The aim of this study was to inactivate autolytic enzymes in C. finmarchicus by applying heat (72°C, 5-30min) through mixing with boiling, fresh water, and further to explore the effects of heat (70°C, 15min) combined with long time storage (-20°C, 12months) of treated and untreated material. Heat treatment (5min) inactivated all tested enzymes and maintained the initial amount of phospholipids, total lipids and crude protein. Storage of untreated material led to complete degradation of all phospholipids, whereas heat treatment resulted in a stable product containing the initial amount of phospholipids and astaxanthin.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: maria.bergvik@bio.ntnu.no.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergvik
authors.affiliation: SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Department of Marine Resources Technology, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Overrein
authors.affiliation: NTNU, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bantle
authors.affiliation: Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan Ove
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Evjemo
authors.affiliation: NTNU, Department of Biotechnology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Turid
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rustad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018533:Biomass; D033342:Copepoda / Q000737:chemistry*; D061353:Food Storage; D005615:Freezing; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D015048:Zooplankton / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids
keywords: Autolytic processes; Calanus finmarchicus; Digestive enzymes; Free fatty acids; Phospholipids; Zooplankton