title: Serum lipid profile changes after successful treatment with electroconvulsive therapy in major depression: A prospective pilot trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholesterol is reduced in depressed patients, however, these patients have a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment option for specific forms of depression. Like for other non-pharmacological therapies targeting depression such as psychotherapy or sleep deprivation, there is a lack of evidence about the effects on peripheral lipid parameters. Our objective was to study the impact of ECT as a non-pharmacological treatment on the peripheral lipid pattern in depressive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral lipid profile composition before and after a course of ECT was analysed in 27 non-fasting inpatients at a university psychiatric hospital with DSM-IV major depressive episode. For the impact of ECT treatment on each lipid parameter a multivariate repeated measurement regression analysis was performed and computed separately for every dependent variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total Cholesterol and the cholesterol subtypes HDL and LDL were increased after the treatment compared to baseline. Apolipoprotein A1 was also increased after ECT, whereas apolipoprotein B was not. Indices for the prediction of cardiovascular diseases were unchanged after successful treatment by ECT. The reduction of depressive psychopathology negatively correlated with increases of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects received several antidepressants and other psychotropic medication before and during the ECT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our preliminary pilot study ECT as a non-pharmacological, effective treatment of depression led to distinct effects on the peripheral lipid pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Suna Su
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Aksay
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan Malte
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bumb
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Janke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biemann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borucki
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lederbogen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deuschle
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sartorius
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address: laura.kranaster@zi-mannheim.de.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kranaster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Apolipoprotein; Cholesterol; ECT; Electroconvulsive therapy; Lipids; Major depression