title: Procedural Factors That Affect Psychophysical Measures of Spatial Selectivity in Cochlear Implant Users.
abstract: Behavioral measures of spatial selectivity in cochlear implants are important both for guiding the programing of individual users' implants and for the evaluation of different stimulation methods. However, the methods used are subject to a number of confounding factors that can contaminate estimates of spatial selectivity. These factors include off-site listening, charge interactions between masker and probe pulses in interleaved masking paradigms, and confusion effects in forward masking. We review the effects of these confounds and discuss methods for minimizing them. We describe one such method in which the level of a 125-pps masker is adjusted so as to mask a 125-pps probe, and where the masker and probe pulses are temporally interleaved. Five experiments describe the method and evaluate the potential roles of the different potential confounding factors. No evidence was obtained for off-site listening of the type observed in acoustic hearing. The choice of the masking paradigm was shown to alter the measured spatial selectivity. For short gaps between masker and probe pulses, both facilitation and refractory mechanisms had an effect on masking; this finding should inform the choice of stimulation rate in interleaved masking experiments. No evidence for confusion effects in forward masking was revealed. It is concluded that the proposed method avoids many potential confounds but that the choice of method should depend on the research question under investigation.
authors.affiliation: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK Stefano.Cosentino@mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cosentino
authors.affiliation: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Deeks
authors.affiliation: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Carlyon
mesh_terms: D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D065855:Spatial Processing / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: cochlear implant; masking; psychophysical tuning curve; spatial selectivity