title: Bone And Soft Tissue Changes In Patients With Spinal Cord Injury And Multiple Sclerosis.
abstract: In patients with spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis, deterioration of body composition (changes in bone, fat and muscle mass) is associated with increased risk for diseases such as coronary artery heart disease, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, lipid metabolism abnormalities, and osteoporotic fractures in these patients. Immobility leads to a changing pattern of loading in the paralyzed areas, and secondary alteration in structure. However, bone and soft tissue changes in these patients are usually neglected. The purpose of this article is to update on the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to bone and soft tissue changes, and to increase the awareness of the treating physicians with respect to bone, muscle and fat loss and their consequences aiming to obtain measures to prevent bone and soft tissue loss in these patients.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
authors.forename: Yannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dionyssiotis
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mavrogenis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, KAT Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trovas
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
authors.forename: Grigorios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Skarantavos
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiotherapy and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
authors.forename: Jannis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Papathanasiou
authors.affiliation: First Department of Orthopaedics, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
authors.forename: Panayiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Papagelopoulos
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D001823:Body Composition; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015519:Bone Density; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000209:etiology*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*