title: Ultra-structure changes and survivin expression in uterine fibroids after radiofrequency ablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the reliability and validity of radiofrequency (RF) ablation in treating uterine fibroids.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 63 patients who underwent hysterectomy to treat multiple fibroids. Thirty patients immediately underwent abdominal hysterectomy after the fibroids were ablated under direct vision. Thirty-three patients first experienced trans-vaginal ablation with the guidance of a baseline ultrasound. We performed abdominal or trans-vaginal hysterectomy 72 h later. The tissues in the centre of the ablated lesion (group A), at the edge of the ablated lesion (group B), 1 cm away from the ablated edge (group C) and the control group were sampled. We observed ultra-structure changes by transmission electron microscopy and detected survivin expression with Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to transmission electron microscopy, the ultra-structure of fibroid cells in groups A and B was damaged. However, in group C, the ultra-structure was normal. Compared with the control group, survivin expression was significantly decreased. Meanwhile survivin expression was significantly increased with the distance to the ablated centre (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiofrequency ablation caused permanent and irreversible damage to fibroid cells and decreased survivin expression, which provided reliable clinical evidence for the success of radiofrequency ablation treating uterine fibroids.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Shan-Rong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Wen-Xia
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Pei-Wen
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D000077022:Survivin
keywords: Radiofrequency ablation; survivin; ultra-structure; uterine fibroid