title: Fate of Carbohydrates and Lignin during Composting and Mycelium Growth of Agaricus bisporus on Wheat Straw Based Compost.
abstract: In wheat straw based composting, enabling growth of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms, it is unknown to which extent the carbohydrate-lignin matrix changes and how much is metabolized. In this paper we report yields and remaining structures of the major components. During the Phase II of composting 50% of both xylan and cellulose were metabolized by microbial activity, while lignin structures were unaltered. During A. bisporus' mycelium growth (Phase III) carbohydrates were only slightly consumed and xylan was found to be partially degraded. At the same time, lignin was metabolized for 45% based on pyrolysis GC/MS. Remaining lignin was found to be modified by an increase in the ratio of syringyl (S) to guaiacyl (G) units from 0.5 to 0.7 during mycelium growth, while fewer decorations on the phenolic skeleton of both S and G units remained.
authors.affiliation: Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Edita
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jurak
authors.affiliation: Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arjen M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Punt
authors.affiliation: C4C Grondstoffen B.V. Driekronenstraat 6, 6596 MA, Milsbeek, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Arts
authors.affiliation: Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mirjam A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kabel
authors.affiliation: Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gruppen
mesh_terms: D000364:Agaricus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D025282:Mycelium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D012987:Soil; D008031:Lignin