title: Difference of concentration of placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1(sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) which is an antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor (PIGF), is considered as one of etiology factors cause endothelial damage in preeclampsia due to increase of sFlt-1 level that change vascular endothelial integrity. This study aims to analyze the difference of sFlt-1 and PlGF concentration in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, and the correlation between both in occurrence of severe preeclampsia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is case control study involving 18 subjects with severe preeclampsia and 19 subjects with normal pregnancy as controls who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Concentration of sFlt-1 and PlGF are measured with ELISA. Statistical analysis is performed with Chi square test, Fisher's exact test, T test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman's rank correlation test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study results in no significant difference in characteristics of gestational age, and parity in both study groups. Median concentration of sFlt-1 in severe preeclampsia is higher (20,524.75 pg/mL) compared with normal pregnancy (6820.4 pg/mL). Concentration of PlGF is lower in severe preeclampsia (47 pg/mL) compared with normal pregnancy (337 pg/mL). sFlt-1 concentration is higher in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy. PlGF concentration is lower in severe preeclampsia compared to normal pregnancy. Ratio of sFlt-1 and PlGF concentration is significantly correlated in both severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a significant negative correlation between the concentration of sFLt-1 and PlGF in normal pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. jeffryiman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jeffry Iman
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gurnadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. jcmose07@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mose
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. budihandono9@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Budi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Handono
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. mieke_satari@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mieke H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Satari
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. depe_obsgyn@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Anita Deborah
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia. primanandafauziah@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prima Nanda
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Fauziah
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia. dryogipramatirta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yogi Pramatirta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia. dwirihibiha@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Dwi Davidson
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Rihibiha
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D010298:Parity; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D012995:Solubility; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1