title: Comparing the Marginal Adaptation of Cold Ceramic and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate by Means of Scanning Electron Microscope: An In vitro Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long-term success of endodontic surgeries is often influenced by the type of root-end filling material (RFM). The aim of present study was to compare the marginal adaptation of two different RFM, cold ceramic (CC) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), using scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  
  
  METHODS
  About 20 extracted human single-rooted teeth were collected and stored into sodium hypochlorite 5.25%. The teeth were decronated from the cemento-enamel junction to prepare 16 mm roots. The working length was measured, and 1/3 coronal of the canal was prepared by Gates-Glidden drills. Apical flaring was followed by K file size # 40-70 based on step back technique. After filling of the canals, 3 mm above the apex was cut at 90° to the long axis. Furthermore, 3 mm of the filling was removed from the apical part using the ultrasonic device. All of the prepared specimens were divided into two groups and were retro filled by MTA and CC. The roots were cut horizontally from 1 mm above the apical part, and dentin-filling material interface was observed by SEM. Finally, the collected data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and using SPSS software version 18 at a significant level of 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean interfacial adaptation was higher in CC group. However, no significant differences were observed by statistical test (P = 0.35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both CC and MTA had similar marginal adaptation as RFM however in vivo studies are recommended for better determination.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mokhtari
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Social Determinant of Oral Health Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Jalil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Modaresi
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Student, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Javadi
authors.affiliation: Dentistry Student, Dental Students Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davoudi
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Student, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badrian
keywords: Cold ceramic; mineral trioxide aggregate; root end filling material; scanning electron microscope