title: Long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 expression is associated with disease progression and predicts outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
abstract: Recently, many studies show that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer biology. Although its expression was reported dysregulated during tumorigenesis, the contributions of lncRNAs to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still largely unknown. In particular, the lncRNA CARLo-5 has a functional role in cell-cycle regulation in colon cancer, while the clinical significance and biological function of CARLo-5 in HCC remain unelucidated. In order to fill those study blanks, the expression level of CARLo-5 in human HCC specimens was tested, and its correlation with clinicopathologic features as well as the prognosis for patients with HCC was analyzed. Additionally, MTT, wound healing and transwell assays were employed to investigate the biological function of CARLo-5. The results showed that CARLo-5 levels were significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues compared to ANLT. Besides, high expression of CARLo-5 was associated with liver cirrhosis (P = 0.001), tumor number (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P = 0.001), capsular formation (P = 0.014) and Edmondson-Steiner grade (P < 0.001), which proved that CARLo-5 was an independent risk factor for overall survival and disease-free survival. In addition, in highly metastatic HCC cell lines (HCCLM3 and MHCC97-L), CARLo-5 was up-regulated, but in lowly metastatic HCC cell lines (HepG2, SNU387), it showed down-regulated. Besides, by using gain and loss of function experiments in HCC cell lines (HCCLM3 and HepG2), the results showed that CARLo-5 overexpression significantly enhanced cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. Our study also revealed that CARLo-5 was prominently up-regulated in HCC specimens and its high expression was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Totally, those findings together indicate that CARLo-5 promotes proliferation and metastasis of HCC and potentially emerged as a novel therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, No. 201-209 Hubin South Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Fuqiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Chengrong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Wenxing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, MianYang Central Hospital, Mianyanng, 621000, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China. lili_yeung@sina.com.
authors.forename: Huili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, No. 201-209 Hubin South Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China. qinliang_fang@163.com.
authors.forename: Qinliang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: CARLo-5; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Metastasis; Prognosis; lncRNA