title: Saturation-transfer effects and longitudinal relaxation times of (31) P metabolites in fibroglandular breast tissue at 7T.
abstract: To investigate longitudinal relaxation times and saturation-transfer effects of phosphorous metabolites in breast fibroglandular tissue in vivo with (31) P MR spectroscopy at 7T.
  
  
  
  Progressive saturation with adiabatic half passage excitation was used to determine T1 values of (31) P metabolites in a group of six healthy volunteers. Saturation-transfer experiments were performed in seven healthy volunteers by saturating at 0 ppm and 10 ppm with sinc-Gaussian pulses (90 ms; 10-ms pulse interval; B1 = 17 μT) prior to excitation. Localization was performed by surface coils and one-dimensional chemical shift imaging. Data were analyzed via spectral fitting with the JMRUI software package, and T1 values were obtained by fitting the data to the signal equation.
  
  
  
  The determined longitudinal relaxation time values at 7T were as follows: phosphoethanolamine, 4.0 ± 0.2 s; phosphocholine, 1.8 ± 0.2 s; inorganic phosphate, 6.1 ± 0.1 s; phosphodiesters, glycerophosphatidylethanolamine plus glycerophosphocholine, 2.1 ± 0.1, and glycerophosphatidylethanolamine, 1.5 ± 0.1s; γ-ATP, 2.1 ± 0.1 s; and α-ATP, 2.0 ± 0.1 s. Saturation-transfer measurements with saturation pulses at 0 ppm showed a significant signal reduction in the phosphodiester 2-3 ppm range, whereas the γ-ATP signal at -2.5 ppm was not affected significantly.
  
  
  
  Longitudinal relaxation times of phosphorous metabolites in fibroglandular tissue revealed relatively low T1 values for phosphodiesters. Saturation-transfer measurements showed that the phosphodiester signals were the only signals that were affected significantly, possibly indicating the presence of mobile phospholipids. Magn Reson Med 76:402-407, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wybe J M
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: van der Kemp
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jannie P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wijnen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Luijten
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dennis W J
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Klomp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D017553:Phosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017553:Phosphorus Compounds; D010758:Phosphorus
keywords: 31P; 7 tesla; breast; fibroglandular; longitudinal relaxation; saturation-transfer