title: High-Performance Small Molecule/Polymer Ternary Organic Solar Cells Based on a Layer-By-Layer Process.
abstract: The layer-by-layer process method, which had been used to fabricate a bilayer or bulk heterojunction organic solar cell, was developed to fabricate highly efficient ternary blend solar cells in which small molecules and polymers act as two donors. The active layer could be formed by incorporating the small molecules into the polymer based active layer via a layer-by-layer method: the small molecules were first coated on the surface of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (
  PSS), and then the mixed solution of polymer and fullerene derivative was spin-coated on top of a small molecule layer. In this method, the small molecules in crystalline state were effectively mixed in the active layer. Without further optimization of the morphology of the ternary blend, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.76% was obtained with large short-circuit current density (Jsc) (17.24 mA cm(-2)) and fill factor (FF) (0.696). The high PCE resulted from not only enhanced light harvesting but also more balanced charge transport by incorporating small molecules.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Weichao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Zhengkun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Manjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China.
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Chunpeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Liangliang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Xichang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China.|State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641, China.
authors.forename: Renqiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: crystalline; layer-by-layer; polymers; small molecules; ternary blend solar cells