title: Using the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model: implications for practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schools, school districts, and communities seeking to implement the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model should carefully and deliberately select planning, implementation, and evaluation strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this article, we identify strategies, steps, and resources within each phase that can be integrated into existing processes that help improve health outcomes and academic achievement. Implementation practices may vary across districts depending upon available resources and time commitments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obtaining and maintaining administrative support at the beginning of the planning phase is imperative for identifying and implementing strategies and sustaining efforts to improve student health and academic outcomes. Strategy selection hinges on priority needs, community assets, and resources identified through the planning process. Determining the results of implementing the WSCC is based upon a comprehensive evaluation that begins during the planning phase. Evaluation guides success in attaining goals and objectives, assesses strengths and weaknesses, provides direction for program adjustment, revision, and future planning, and informs stakeholders of the effect of WSCC, including the effect on academic indicators.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With careful planning, implementation, and evaluation efforts, use of the WSCC model has the potential of focusing family, community, and school education and health resources to increase the likelihood of better health and academic success for students and improve school and community life in the present and in the future.
authors.affiliation: Ohio Department of Health, 246 N. High St., Columbus, OH 43215. laura.rooney@odh.ohio.gov.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, SUNY College at Cortland, 109B Moffett Center, Cortland, NY 13045. donna.videto@cortland.edu.
authors.forename: Donna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Videto
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, 471 Russell Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487. dabirch@ches.ua.edu.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D009111:Local Government; D017145:Models, Educational; D016730:Program Development / Q000379:methods*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students; D014481:United States
keywords: Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) model; collaborative relationships; evaluation; implementation; planning; policy; school health