title: Taxonomic characterisation of Proteus terrae sp. nov., a N2O-producing, nitrate-ammonifying soil bacterium.
abstract: In the context of studying the influence of N-fertilization on N2 and N2O flux rates in relation to the soil bacterial community composition in fen peat grassland, a group of bacterial strains was isolated that performed dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and concomitantly produced N2O. The amount of nitrous oxide produced was influenced by the C/N ratio of the medium. The potential to generate nitrous oxide was increased by higher availability of nitrate-N. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA and the rpoB gene sequences demonstrated that the investigated isolates belong to the genus Proteus, showing high similarity with the respective type strains of Proteus vulgaris and Proteus penneri. DNA-DNA hybridization studies revealed differences at the species level. These differences were substantiated by MALDI-TOF MS analysis and several distinct physiological characteristics. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the soil isolates represent a novel species for which the name Proteus terrae sp. nov. (type strain N5/687(T) =DSM 29910(T) =LMG 28659(T)) is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany. ubehrendt@zalf.de.
authors.forename: Undine
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2638-2954
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Behrendt
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Augustin
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstr. 7B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Cathrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spröer
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Central Chemical Laboratory, Müggelseedamm 301, 12587, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gelbrecht
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstr. 7B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulrich
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D034301:Deinococcus; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D011511:Proteus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009566:Nitrates; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002244:Carbon; D000641:Ammonia; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; C105078:RNA polymerase beta subunit; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: C/N ratio; Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium; Fen peat soil; Nitrous oxide production; Phenotypic characterisation; Phylogenetic characterization; Proteus terrae sp. nov.