title: Sea Buckthorn Leaf Extract Protects Jejunum and Bone Marrow of (60)Cobalt-Gamma-Irradiated Mice by Regulating Apoptosis and Tissue Regeneration.
abstract: A single dose (30 mg/kg body weight) of standardized sea buckthorn leaf extract (SBL-1), administered 30 min before whole body (60)Co-gamma-irradiation (lethal dose, 10 Gy), protected >90% of mice population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of SBL-1 on jejunum and bone marrow, quantify key bioactive compounds, and analyze chemical composition of SBL-1. Study with 9-week-old inbred male Swiss albino Strain 'A' mice demonstrated that SBL-1 treatment before (60)Co-gamma-irradiation (10 Gy) significantly (p < 0.05) countered radiation induced decreases in jejunum crypts (1.27-fold), villi number (1.41-fold), villus height (1.25-fold), villus cellularity (2.27-fold), cryptal Paneth cells (1.89-fold), and Bcl2 level (1.54-fold). It countered radiation induced increases in cryptal apoptotic cells (1.64-fold) and Bax levels (1.88-fold). It also countered radiation (2 Gy and 3 Gy) induced bone marrow apoptosis (1.59-fold and 1.85-fold) and micronuclei frequency (1.72-fold and 2.6-fold). SBL-1 rendered radiation protection by promoting cryptal stem cells proliferation, by regulating apoptosis, and by countering radiation induced chromosomal damage. Quercetin, Ellagic acid, Gallic acid, high contents polyphenols, tannins, and thiols detected in SBL-1 may have contributed to radiation protection by neutralization of radiation induced oxidative species, supporting stem cell proliferation and tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Madhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bala
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi 110054, India ; Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.affiliation: Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Abdin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: Jagdish
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prasad