title: Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Constituents from the Leaves of Perilla frutescens.
abstract: Activity-directed fractionation and purification processes were employed to identify xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory compounds from the leaves of Perilla frutescens. The total extract was evaluated in vitro on XO inhibitory activity and in vivo in an experimental model with potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in mice which was used to evaluate anti-hyperuricemic activity. The crude extract showed expressive urate-lowering activity results. Solvent partitioning of the total extract followed by macroporous resin column chromatography of the n-butanol extract yielded four extracts and eluted parts. Among them, only the 70% ethanol eluted part of the n-butanol extract showed strong activity and therefore was subjected to separation and purification using various chromatographic techniques. Five compounds showing potent activity were identified by comparing their spectral data with literature values to be caffeic acid, vinyl caffeate, rosmarinic acid, methyl rosmarinate, and apigenin. These results indicate that pending further study, these compounds could be used as novel natural product agents for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. huolina0808@163.com.
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. qddxwangwei@qdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Health Education Institute of Changchun, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China. zcy20150821@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Changbai Mountain Resources, Jilin Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China. Shihaibo3901@163.com.
authors.forename: Hai-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. buckuper@163.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. liuxiaohong1043@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. guobinghua1214@126.com.
authors.forename: Bing-Hua
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. 18764209579@163.com.
authors.forename: Dong-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China. gaohuaqy@126.com.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D031344:Perilla frutescens / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase
keywords: Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.; hyperuricemia; polyphenols; xanthine oxidase