title: Detection of Rotavirus Genotypes in Korea 5 Years after the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccines.
abstract: Rotavirus (RV) is one of the most important viral etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children. Although effective RV vaccines (RVVs) are now used worldwide, novel genotypes and outbreaks resulting from rare genotype combinations have emerged. This study documented RV genotypes in a Korean population of children with AGE 5 yr after the introduction of RVV and assessed potential genotype differences based on vaccination status or vaccine type. Children less than 5-yr-old diagnosed with AGE between October 2012 and September 2013 admitted to 9 medical institutions from 8 provinces in Korea were prospectively enrolled. Stool samples were tested for RV by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped by multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In 346 patients, 114 (32.9%) were RV-positive. Among them, 87 (76.3%) patients were infected with RV alone. Eighty-six of 114 RV-positive stool samples were successfully genotyped, and their combinations of genotypes were G1P[8] (36, 41.9%), G2P[4] (12, 14.0%), and G3P[8] (6, 7.0%). RV was detected in 27.8% of patients in the vaccinated group and 39.8% in the unvaccinated group (P=0.035). Vaccination history was available for 67 of 86 cases with successfully genotyped RV-positive stool samples; RotaTeq (20, 29.9%), Rotarix (7, 10.4%), unvaccinated (40, 59.7%). The incidence of RV AGE is lower in the RV-vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group with no evidence of substitution with unusual genotype combinations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sanggyepaik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Sung
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Woong
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Beom
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rhim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwang-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Sun
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hyuk
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Doo-Sung
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C492457:RIX4414 vaccine; D012367:RNA, Viral; C492535:RotaTeq; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
keywords: Children; Feces; Gastroenteritis; Genotype; Rotavirus; Vaccine