title: THE EFFECTS OF LISTENING TO THE MOTHER'S HEARTBEAT ON THE DEPTH OF ANAESTHESIA IN CHILDREN.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of listening to the mother's heartbeat and womb sounds on the depth of anaesthesia in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study included 40 children scheduled for minor surgery under general anaesthesia, with an American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) status of 1 to 2. Anaesthesia was induced with sevoflurane, and maintained with sevoflurane and oxygen in nitrous oxide. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The children in Group I were made to listen to recordings of their mothers' heartbeat and womb sounds via earphones during anaesthesia induction, while those in Group II were made to listen to ambient noise via earphones. The music was turned off when the inhalational anaesthetics were discontinued. Intraoperative monitoring included electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, non-invasive systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), bispectral index system (BIS), end-tidal (ET) sevoflurane, ET N2O, ET CO2, and SaO2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group I, there was a significant decrease in bispectral index (BIS) values over time (p < 0.05). Although blood pressure and heart rate were lower in Group I, no significant differences between the groups were detected. While the duration of extubation was shorter in Group I, overall, there was no significant difference between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that children exposed to recordings of their mothers' heartbeat and womb sounds in addition to music had lower BIS values under anaesthesia, which indicates deeper anaesthesia levels.
authors.forename: Senem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Başak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Akça
authors.forename: Aysun Ankay
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yilbaş
authors.forename: Ayse Heves
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Karagöz
authors.forename: Özgür
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Canbay
authors.forename: Nalan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Çelebi
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Öcal
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D056805:Consciousness Monitors; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D009146:Music