title: A Possible Role of Neuroglobin in the Retina After Optic Nerve Injury: A Comparative Study of Zebrafish and Mouse Retina.
abstract: Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a new member of the family of heme proteins and is specifically expressed in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems in all vertebrates. In particular, the retina has a 100-fold higher concentration of Ngb than do other nervous tissues. The role of Ngb in the retina is yet to be clarified. Therefore, to understand the functional role of Ngb in the retina after optic nerve injury (ONI), we used two types of retina, from zebrafish and mice, which have permissible and non-permissible capacity for nerve regeneration after ONI, respectively. After ONI, the Ngb protein in zebrafish was upregulated in the amacrine cells within 3 days, whereas in the mouse retina, Ngb was downregulated in the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) within 3 days. Zebrafish Ngb (z-Ngb) significantly enhanced neurite outgrowth in retinal explant culture. According to these results, we designed an overexpression experiment with the mouse Ngb (m-Ngb) gene in RGC-5 cells (retinal precursor cells). The excess of m-Ngb actually rescued RGC-5 cells under hypoxic conditions and significantly enhanced neurite outgrowth in cell culture. These data suggest that mammalian Ngb has positive neuroprotective and neuritogenic effects that induce nerve regeneration after ONI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, 920-0942, Kanazawa, Japan. sugitani@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugitani
authors.affiliation: Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Sciences, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, 513-8670, Suzuka, Mie, Japan. koriyama@suzuka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koriyama
authors.affiliation: Wellness Promotion Science Center, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, 920-0942, Kanazawa, Japan. kazuhiro@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogai
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, 153-8902, Meguro-ku, Japan. wakasugi@bio.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakasugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, 920-8640, Kanazawa, Japan. satoru@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D025042:Amacrine Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005914:Globins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D020221:Optic Nerve Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D015854:Up-Regulation; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D005914:Globins
keywords: Cell viability; Hypoxic damage; Mouse; Neurite outgrowth; Neurite sprouting; Neuroglobin; Neuroprotection; Optic nerve regeneration; Retina; Zebrafish