title: Severe hypercholesterolemia mediated by lipoprotein X in a patient with cholestasis.
abstract: Lipoprotein X (LpX) is an abnormal lipoprotein associated with cholestasis. It is a significant cause of severe hypercholesterolemia and should always be considered in patients with cholestatic liver disease. This case highlights the significance of LpX as a cause of severe hypercholesterolemia in a patient with cholestasis secondary to a granulomatous hepatitis attributed to tuberculosis. Lipoprotein agarose gel electrophoresis and gradient gel electrophoresis were performed for the detection of LpX. The liver function tests, electrolytes, lipid profile and bile acids were also determined. Anti-tuberculous therapy was initiated and the liver functions improved with normalisation of the lipid profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Dineo V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Phatlhane
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Annalise E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Zemlin
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008073:Lipoprotein-X / Q000097:blood*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014385:Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008073:Lipoprotein-X