title: Assessment of the cryoprotectant concentration inside a bulky organ for cryopreservation using X-ray computed tomography.
abstract: Cryoprotection of bulky organs is crucial for their storage and for subsequent transplantation. In this work we demonstrate the capability of the X-ray computed tomography (CT) as a non-invasive method to measure the cryoprotectant (cpa) concentration inside a tissue or an organ, specifically for the case of dymethil sulfoxide (Me2SO). It is remarkable that the use of Me2SO has been leader in techniques of cells and tissues cryopreservation. Although CT technologies are mainly based in density differences, and many cpas are alcohols with densities similar to water, the use of very low energies as acceleration voltage (∼70 kV) and the sulfur atom in the molecule of Me2SO makes possible the visualization of this cpa inside tissues. As result we obtain a CT signal proportional to the Me2SO concentration with a spatial resolution up to 50 μm in the case of our device.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada III, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Ariadna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corral
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC - Junta de Andalucía), Avenida Tomas Alva Edison 7, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balcerzyk
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC - Junta de Andalucía), Avenida Tomas Alva Edison 7, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Parrado-Gallego
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC - Junta de Andalucía), Avenida Tomas Alva Edison 7, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernández-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada III, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lamprea
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada III, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olmo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada III, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (Universidad de Sevilla - CSIC - Junta de Andalucía), Avenida Tomas Alva Edison 7, 41092 Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address: ramon@us.es.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Risco
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
keywords: CPA concentration; Organ cryopreservation; Vitrification