title: The Effect of Breathing, Movement, and Meditation on Psychological and Physical Symptoms and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the effects of the Breath-Body-Mind Workshop (BBMW) (breathing, movement, and meditation) on psychological and physical symptoms and inflammatory biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine IBD patients from the Jill Roberts IBD Center were randomized to BBMW or an educational seminar. Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Brief Symptom Inventory 18, IBD Questionnaire, Perceived Disability Scale, Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Digestive Disease Acceptance Questionnaire, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and physiological measures were obtained at baseline and weeks 6 and 26.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BBMW group significantly improved between baseline and week 6 on Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (P = 0.02), Beck Anxiety Inventory (P = 0.02), and IBD Questionnaire (P = 0.01) and between baseline and week 26 on Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (P = 0.04), Beck Anxiety Inventory (P = 0.03), Beck Depression Inventory (P = 0.01), IBD Questionnaire (P = 0.01), Perceived Disability Scale (P = 0.001), and Perceived Stress Questionnaire (P = 0.01) by paired t tests. No significant changes occurred in the educational seminar group at week 6 or 26. By week 26, median C-reactive protein values decreased significantly in the BBMW group (P = 0.01 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test) versus no significant change in the educational seminar group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with IBD, participation in the BBMW was associated with significant improvements in psychological and physical symptoms, quality of life, and C-reactive protein. Mind-body interventions, such as BBMW, which emphasize Voluntarily Regulated Breathing Practices, may have significant long-lasting benefits for IBD symptoms, anxiety, depression, quality of life, and inflammation. BBMW, a promising adjunctive treatment for IBD, warrants further study.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Psychiatry, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; †Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jill Roberts Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; ‡Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; and §Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Gerbarg
authors.forename: Vinita E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Bosworth
authors.forename: Fatiha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chabouni
authors.forename: Ersilia M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: DeFilippis
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Myra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trivellas
authors.forename: Priyanka V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Colleen D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Harbus
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Christos
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Ellen J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Scherl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001945:Breathing Exercises / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004493:Education / Q000379:methods; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D019122:Meditation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein