title: The state of ergonomics for mobile computing technology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because mobile computing technologies, such as notebook computers, smart mobile phones, and tablet computers afford users many different configurations through their intended mobility, there is concern about their effects on musculoskeletal pain and a need for usage recommendations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Therefore the main goal of this paper to determine which best practices surrounding the use of mobile computing devices can be gleaned from current field and laboratory studies of mobile computing devices.
  
  
  METHODS
  An expert review was completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Field studies have documented various user configurations, which often include non-neutral postures, that users adopt when using mobile technology, along with some evidence suggesting that longer duration of use is associated with more discomfort. It is therefore prudent for users to take advantage of their mobility and not get stuck in any given posture for too long. The use of accessories such as appropriate cases or riser stands, as well as external keyboards and pointing devices, can also improve postures and comfort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the state of ergonomics for mobile technology is a work in progress and there are more research questions to be addressed.
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dennerlein
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016287:Computer Peripherals; D034201:Computers, Handheld; D006804:Ergonomics; D006801:Humans; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011187:Posture; D060145:Text Messaging; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Posture; injury; mobile phones; occupation; texting; wrist posture