title: Prognostic value of PD-1 and TIM-3 on CD3+ T cells from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 in CD3+ T cells in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 46 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL and 30 healthy people. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 before and after chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to healthy control, the expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 in patients with DLBCL was increased in CD3+ T cells. There is no significant change of PD-1 and TIM-3 in patients with stage I/II DLBCL, however, they were markedly increased in patients with stage III/IV DLBCL. The expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 elevated in DLBCL patients with B symptoms, IPI score >2 points and high level of LDH and Ki-67. After four courses of standard chemotherapy, PD-1 and TIM-3 expression level decreased. The treatment efficiency is higher in patients with low expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 than in patients with high PD-1 and TIM-3 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DLBCL patients have high expression level of PD-1 and TIM-3, which are related to DLBCL staging. PD-1 and TIM-3 expression levels are also related to the efficiency of chemotherapy. PD-1 and TIM-3 expression levels may be used as an indicator of chemotherapeutic efficacy in patients with DLBCL.
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Division of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Division of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, PR China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Tai-wu
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Ji-zhu
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Guo-zhen
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing-xia
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Medicine school of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Division of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, PR China. Electronic address: lcrmyy@163.com.
authors.forename: Guang-yao
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia. Electronic address: lwang@csu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Le-xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; D006801:Humans; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000069283:Rituximab; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017252:CD3 Complex; C448908:HAVCR2 protein, human; D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; C571759:R-CHOP protocol; D000069283:Rituximab; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone
keywords: Chemotherapy efficiency; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; PD-1; Prognosis; TIM-3