title: Choroidal Thickness Evaluation Before and After Hemodialysis in Patients With and Without Diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the effect of hemodialysis on the choroidal thickness in patients with and without diabetes who have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients with ESKD were recruited and divided into two groups: those with ESKD due to diabetic nephropathy (DM group, 37 eyes of 20 patients) and those with nondiabetic ESKD (NDM group, 40 eyes of 21 patients). Using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) was measured before and after hemodialysis, and the change ratio (ΔSCT [%]) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SCT decreased in all eyes after hemodialysis. The ΔSCT value in the DM group (-12.6 ± 2.7%) was significantly (P = 0.00027) larger than that in the NDM group (-6.9 ± 2.3%). Moreover, the ΔSCT per body fluid removal (BFR [L]) in the DM group was significantly (P = 0.013) greater than in the NDM group. In the DM group, the mean ΔSCT in the eyes treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP; n = 19) was significantly (P = 0.035) larger than that in eyes not treated with PRP (n = 18). The relationship between the ΔSCT and BFR was not significant (R² = 0.0038, P = 0.80) in the DM group but was significant (R² = 0.54, P = 0.00013) in the NDM group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current results may reflect that systemic fluid accumulation has a greater effect on the diabetic choroid, probably due to damage to the choroidal vasculature, in patients with ESKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan 2Department of Ophthalmology, Nayoro City General Hospital, Nayoro, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishibazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nayoro City General Hospital, Nayoro, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nayoro City General Hospital, Nayoro, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nayoro City General Hospital, Nayoro, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akitoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology*; D015862:Choroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D014792:Visual Acuity