title: [Effects of GLP-1 Agonist Exenatide on Cardiac Diastolic Function and Vascular Endothelial Function in Diabetic Patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the protective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on the left ventricular diastolic function and endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  27 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups: GLP-1 treated group and insulin treated group. Patients in the GLP-1 group were given GLP-1 analogue and metformin hydrochloride. Patients in the insulin group were given insulin and metformin hydrochloride. The outcomes of treatments were measured by fasting plasma glucose (FBG) fasting lipid profile, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure and general clinical features. High resolution Doppler ultrasound was performed to detect mitral early diastolic rapid filling (E-wave), atrial contraction late filling (A-wave), E/A ratio, early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e), late diastolic mitral annular velocity (a), e/a ratio, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV) mediated by brachial arterial blood flow, and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (EIV) mediated by nitroglycerin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of FBG and HbA1c decreased significantly in both groups after treatments (P < 0.05). Patients in the GLP-1 group showed improved e, e/a ratio, and E/e ratio after treatments (P < 0.05), but no significant changed in E, A, and E/A ratio (P > 0.05). By contrast, patients in the insulin group showed no significant changes in e, a, E, A, E/A ratio, e/a ratio and E/e ratio after treatments (P > 0.05). EDV increased significantly after treatments in both groups (P < 0.05). A higher level of post-treatment EDV was found in patients in the GLP-1 group compared with those in the insulin group. No significant changes in EIV were found in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GLP-1 may be able to mitigate the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and improve endothelial function of patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings suggest that GLP-1 has the potential to prevent or delay cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed.
authors.forename: Xiao-hao
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ye-rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-rong
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xian-chao
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Jing
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003971:Diastole; D000077270:Exenatide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000819:agonists*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008943:Mitral Valve; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014664:Vasodilation; D014688:Venoms / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000077270:Exenatide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms