title: Metabolomic Characterization of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum "CM334") during Fruit Development.
abstract: Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum "CM334") was performed at six development stages [16, 25, 36, 38, 43, and 48 days post-anthesis (DPA)] to analyze biochemical changes. Distinct distribution patterns were observed in the changes of metabolites, gene expressions, and antioxidant activities by early (16-25 DPA), breaker (36-38 DPA), and later (43-48 DPA) stages. In the early stages, glycosides of luteolin, apigenin, and quercetin, shikimic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and putrescine were highly distributed but gradually decreased over the breaker stage. At later stages, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and kaempferol glycosides were significantly increased. Pathway analysis revealed metabolite-gene interactions in the biosynthesis of amino acids, capsaicinoids, fatty acid chains, and flavonoids. The changes in antioxidant activity were highly reflective of alterations in metabolites. The present study could provide useful information about nutrient content at each stage of pepper cultivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University , 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University , 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Sung
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ah
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
authors.forename: Doil
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University , 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Choong Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D055432:Metabolomics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: antioxidant activity; biosynthetic pathway; fruit development stage; hot pepper; metabolomics