title: Enhanced nonlinear optical characteristics of copper-ion-doped double crossover DNAs.
abstract: The modification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples by sequencing the order of bases and doping copper ions opens the possibility for the design of novel nanomaterials exhibiting large optical nonlinearity. We investigated the nonlinear characteristics of copper-ion doped double crossover DNA samples for the first time to the best of our knowledge by using Z-scan and four-wave mixing methods. To accelerate the nonlinear characteristics, we prepared two types of unique DNA nanostructures composed of 148 base pairs doped with copper ions with a facile annealing method. The outstanding third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of the copper-ion-doped DNA solution, 1.19 × 10(-12) esu, was estimated by the conventional Z-scan measurement, whereas the four-wave mixing experiment was also investigated. In the visible spectral range, the copper-ion-doped DNA solution samples provided competent four-wave mixing signals with a remarkable conversion efficiency of -4.15 dB for the converted signal at 627 nm. The interactions between DNA and copper ions contribute to the enhancement of nonlinearity due to structural and functional changes. The present study signifies that the copper-ion-doped double crossover DNA is a potential candidate as a highly efficient novel material for further nonlinear optical applications.
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea and School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jaekim@kist.re.kr.
authors.forename: Byeongho
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. rotermun@ajou.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byung Jic
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sreekantha Reddy
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Dugasani
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea and Department of Bio and Nano Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Youngho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chulki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Minah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Taikjin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Jhon
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jaebin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jaekim@kist.re.kr.
authors.forename: Seong Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. rotermun@ajou.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dong-Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Yeom
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. rotermun@ajou.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rotermund
authors.affiliation: Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003300:Copper; D004247:DNA