title: Pulmonary artery enlargement in schistosomiasis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension.
abstract: Schistosomiasis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (Sch-PAH) might represent the most prevalent form of PAH worldwide. In Sch-PAH, the presence of aneurismal dilation of the pulmonary artery has been described, although it is still a matter of debate whether on average the pulmonary artery is more enlarged in Sc-PAH than IPAH.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively evaluated patients with IPAH (n = 25) and Sch-PAH (n = 22) who underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiogram and right heart catheterization.
  
  
  
  Sch-PAH patients were older and presented less severe hemodynamic profiles. Main pulmonary artery diameter (MPAD) was greater in Sch-PAH than IPAH (4.5 ± 1.8 vs 3.7 ± 1.1 cm, p = 0.018). For the same level of mean pulmonary artery pressure, the MPAD in Sch-PAH was 0.89 cm larger than in IPAH (Covariance model p = 0.02).
  
  
  
  This study demonstrated that pulmonary artery enlargement is more pronounced in Sch-PAH than IPAH, independently of mean pulmonary artery pressure level, suggesting that this is more likely a feature of Sch-PAH.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. susana.hoette@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoette
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. claudia.figueiredo@fleury.com.br.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. bradias2011@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. jleonidasajr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jose Leonidas
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. Franciscagavilanesmd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gavilanes
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. luisfelipe.prada@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luis Felipe
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Prada
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. danyjasino@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dany
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jasinowodolinski
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. ltkmorinaga@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luciana Tamie Kato
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Morinaga
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. carlosvpjardim@me.com.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jardim
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. cjcfernandes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Caio Julio Cesar
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department - Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Sao Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil. souza.rogerio@me.com.
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Souza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000792:Angiography; D065627:Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000150:complications*