title: Young Patients With Diabetes Have Decreased Cerebrovascular Reactivity Under Hypercapneic Conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adult diabetic patients have an abnormal cerebrovascular response to hypercapnia, but there are few studies focused on diabetes mellitus type 1 and cerebral blood flow in pediatric or adolescent patients. We hypothesize that young patients with diabetes exhibit a different response to hypercapnia than normal control counterparts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using transcranial Doppler techniques, we compared young diabetic patients with healthy controls by measuring cerebral blood velocity before and during carbon dioxide challenge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with diabetes had decreased cerebral blood velocity reactivity when compared with the control group (P = 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest cerebrovascular dysfunction in diabetic patients beginning at an early age. The possibility of long-term implications for cerebrovascular disease demonstrates the need for further studies in the pediatric and adolescent diabetic population to better understand this prevalent condition.
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain and Behavior, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York. Electronic address: vlin@maimonidesmed.org.
authors.forename: Virginia W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain and Behavior, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Brosgol
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Homel
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Noorjahan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Manjula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain and Behavior, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Pavlakis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adolescents and youth; cerebral blood flow; hypercapnia; transcranial Doppler