title: Baseline distribution and sources of linear alkyl benzenes (LABs) in surface sediments from Brunei Bay, Brunei.
abstract: Sewage pollution is one of major concerns of coastal and shoreline settlements in Southeast Asia, especially Brunei. The distribution and sources of LABs as sewage molecular markers were evaluated in surface sediments collected from Brunei Bay. The samples were extracted, fractionated and analyzed using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). LABs concentrations ranged from 7.1 to 41.3 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) in surficial sediments from Brunei Bay. The study results showed LABs concentrations variably due to the LABs intensity and anthropogenic influence along Brunei Bay in recent years. The ratio of Internal to External isomers (I/E ratio) of LABs in sediment samples from Brunei Bay ranged from 0.56 to 2.17 along Brunei Bay stations, indicating that the study areas were receiving primary and secondary effluents. This is the first study carried out to assess the distribution and sources of LABs in surface sediments from Brunei Bay, Brunei.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sadeq Abullah Abdo
authors.initials: SAA
authors.lastname: Alkhadher
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia. Electronic address: mpauzi57@um.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mohamad Pauzi
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience and Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Fatimah Md
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Yusoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Narayanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.affiliation: Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suhaimi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suratman
authors.affiliation: Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mehrzad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keshavarzifard
authors.affiliation: Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sami Muhsen
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Magam
authors.affiliation: Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Najat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.affiliation: Environmental Forensics Research Center (ENFORCE), Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Vahab
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vaezzadeh
authors.affiliation: Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 4300 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah
authors.initials: MSA
authors.lastname: Sani
mesh_terms: D061006:Bays; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002010:Brunei; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D007536:Isomerism; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Brunei; Brunei Bay; I/E ratio; Linear alkylbenzenes (LABs); Sewage