title: Epigenetics and Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes has become a major health issue worldwide. Chronic hyperglycemia induces a low-grade inflammation that, on top of other mechanisms, leads to endothelial dysfunction. Mounting evidence suggests that DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histones, and long non-coding RNAs play an important role in the initiation, maintenance, and progression of both macro- and micro-vascular complications of diabetes. Long-term exposure to hyperglycemia induces epigenetic changes that could become irreversible, a phenomenon known as the 'metabolic memory.' Whether epigenetic-based therapies could be used to slow or limit the progression of cardiovascular disease remains unclear. While non-coding RNAs are currently investigated as potential biomarkers that predict diabetic cardiovascular disease incidence and progression, their therapeutic role is only hypothetical. In this review, we highlight the latest findings in experimental and clinical studies relevant to epigenetics and cardiovascular disease in diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.|Cardiovascular Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pasquier
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoarau-Véchot
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.|Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fakhro
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.|Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rafii
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar. cha2022@med.cornell.edu.|Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. cha2022@med.cornell.edu.|Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA. cha2022@med.cornell.edu.|Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar. cha2022@med.cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Charbel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abi Khalil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
keywords: Cardiovascular complications of diabetes; Cardiovascular disease; Diabetes; Diabetic cardiomyopathy; Epigenetics; Macrovascular complications of diabetes