title: High intensity interval training favourably affects antioxidant and inflammation mRNA expression in early-stage chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammation have been linked to the progression of chronic kidney disease. To reduce oxidative stress and inflammation related to chronic kidney disease, chronic aerobic exercise is often recommended. Data suggests high intensity interval training may be more beneficial than traditional aerobic exercise. However, appraisals of differing modes of exercise, along with explanations of mechanisms responsible for observed effects, are lacking. This study assessed effects of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (85% VO2max), versus low intensity exercise (45-50% VO2max) and sedentary behaviour, in an animal model of early-stage chronic kidney disease. We examined kidney-specific mRNA expression of genes related to endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase 1; Gpx1, superoxide dismutase 1; Sod1, and catalase; Cat) and inflammation (kidney injury molecule 1; Kim1 and tumour necrosis factor receptor super family 1b; Tnfrsf1b), as well as plasma F2-isoprostanes, a marker of lipid peroxidation. Compared to sedentary behaviour, high intensity interval training resulted in increased mRNA expression of Sod1 (p=0.01) and Cat (p<0.001). Compared to low intensity exercise, high intensity interval training resulted in increased mRNA expression of Cat (p<0.001) and Tnfrsf1b (p=0.047). In this study, high intensity interval training was superior to sedentary behaviour and low intensity exercise as high intensity interval training beneficially influenced expression of genes related to endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Bruce Highway, Building 81, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia 4702; Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, Bruce Highway, Building 81, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia 4702. Electronic address: p.tucker@cqu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: Antioxidant Research Group, Room 535, Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences Building, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 4072. Electronic address: d.briskey@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Briskey
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Bruce Highway, Building 81, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia 4702; Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, Bruce Highway, Building 81, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia 4702. Electronic address: a.scanlan@cqu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Aaron T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Scanlan
authors.affiliation: Antioxidant Research Group, Room 535, Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences Building, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 4072. Electronic address: jcoombes@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jeff S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Coombes
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Bruce Highway, Building 81, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia 4702; Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, Bruce Highway, Building 81, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia 4702. Electronic address: v.dalbo@cqu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Vincent J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Dalbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Antioxidant status; Exercise; High intensity interval training; Nephrology; Reactive oxygen species; Renal disease