title: Project QUIT (Quit Using Drugs Intervention Trial): a randomized controlled trial of a primary care-based multi-component brief intervention to reduce risky drug use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of a multi-component primary care delivered brief intervention for reducing risky psychoactive drug use (RDU) among patients identified by screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter single-blind two-arm randomized controlled trial of patients enrolled from February 2011 to November 2012 with 3-month follow-up. Randomization and allocation to trial group were computer-generated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care waiting rooms of five federally qualified health centers in Los Angeles County (LAC), USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 334 adult primary care patients (171 intervention; 163 control) with RDU scores (4-26) on the World Health Organization (WHO) Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) self-administered on tablet computers. 261 (78%) completed follow-up. Mean age was 41.7 years; 62.9% were male; 37.7% were Caucasian.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intervention patients received brief (typically 3-4 minutes) clinician advice to quit/reduce their drug use reinforced by a video doctor message, health education booklet and up to two 20-30-minute follow-up telephone drug use coaching sessions. Controls received usual care and cancer screening information. Primary outcome was patient self-reported use of highest scoring drug (HSD) at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intervention and control patients reported equivalent baseline HSD use at 3-month follow-up. After adjustment for covariates, in the complete sample linear regression model, intervention patients used their HSD on 3.5 fewer days in the previous month relative to controls (P<0.001), and in the completed sample model, intervention patients used their HSD 2.2 fewer days than controls (P < 0.005). No compensatory increases in use of other measured substances were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A primary-care based, clinician-delivered brief intervention with follow-up coaching calls may decrease risky psychoactive drug use.
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.|University of California at Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gelberg
authors.affiliation: University of California at Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: University of California at Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Abdelmonem A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Afifi
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Leake
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arangua
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mani
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vahidi
authors.affiliation: University of California at Los Angeles, Medical Imaging Informatics Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singleton
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yacenda-Murphy
authors.affiliation: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Family Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shoptaw
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany.|Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Baumeister
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062405:Motivational Interviewing / Q000379:methods*; D010174:Pamphlets; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000379:methods*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D013689:Telephone; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: Brief intervention; community health centers; motivational interviewing; primary care; randomized controlled trial; risky drug use