title: Trypanosomes of Australian Mammals: Knowledge Gaps Regarding Transmission and Biosecurity.
abstract: Trypanosomes infect humans, domestic animals, and wildlife, and are transmitted by haematophagous invertebrate vectors. Eight native trypanosome species have been described from Australian indigenous mammals, along with other unnamed isolates and genotypes. Associated difficulties relating to the confirmation of cyclical and mechanical vector candidates has hindered vector identification in Australia, with no successful experimental transmission documented for any of these native trypanosomes to indigenous mammals. We discuss pending biosecurity issues, with significant importance placed on the close phylogenetic and phenotypic relationship shared between Trypanosoma cruzi and some Australian trypanosomes. With such a dearth of information, we highlight the importance of keeping an open mind, which considers all possibilities during future investigations of vectors and their associated biosecurity issues in Australia.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Western Australia 6150, Australia. Electronic address: craig.thompson@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Craig K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
authors.forename: R C Andrew
authors.initials: RCA
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D004199:Disease Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000469:parasitology; D008322:Mammals / Q000469:parasitology*; D012637:Security Measures / Q000639:trends; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000502:physiology*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000502:physiology; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*