title: Prospective associations of appetitive traits at 3 and 12 months of age with body mass index and weight gain in the first 2 years of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Appetitive traits in childhood such as food responsiveness and enjoyment of food have been associated with body mass index (BMI) in later childhood. However, data on appetitive traits during infancy in relation to BMI in later childhood are sparse. We aimed to relate appetitive traits in infancy to subsequent BMI and weight gain up to 24 months of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 210 infants from the Singapore GUSTO mother-offspring cohort was obtained. The Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire (BEBQ) and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) were administered to mothers when their offspring were aged 3 and 12 months respectively. Height and weight of offspring were measured at ages 3, 6, 9,12,15,18 and 24 months. The association of appetitive traits with both BMI z-score and weight gain were evaluated using multivariate linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Food responsiveness at 3 months was associated with higher BMI from 6 months up to 15 months of age (p < 0.01) and with greater weight gain between 3 and 6 months of age (p = 0.012). Slowness in eating and satiety responsiveness at 3 months was significantly associated with lower BMI at 6 months (p < 0.01) and with less weight gain between 3 to 6 months of age (p = 0.034). None of the appetitive traits at 12 months were significantly associated with BMI or weight gain over any time period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early assessment of appetitive traits at 3 months of age but not at 12 months of age was associated with BMI and weight gain over the first two years of life.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Clinical Trials identifier NCT01174875.
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. quah_phaik_ling@sics.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Phaik Ling
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Quah
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. yiong_huak_chan@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yiong Huak
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. izzuddin.aris@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Izzuddin M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Aris
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. obgpww@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Wei Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. TOH_jia_ying@sics.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Jia Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. obgmtt@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Mya Thway
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tint
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. birit_broekman@nuhs.edu.sg.|Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. birit_broekman@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Birit F P
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Broekman
authors.affiliation: Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. seang_mei_saw@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Seang Mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. Kenneth.Kwek.YC@kkh.com.sg.|Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), Singapore, Singapore. Kenneth.Kwek.YC@kkh.com.sg.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwek
authors.affiliation: MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK. kmg@mrc.soton.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Keith M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Godfrey
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. pd.gluckman@auckland.ac.nz.|Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. pd.gluckman@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gluckman
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. yap_seng_chong@sics.a-star.edu.sg.|Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. yap_seng_chong@sics.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yap Seng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. michael.meaney@mcgill.ca.|Department of Psychiatry and Neurology & Neurosurgery, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada. michael.meaney@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Meaney
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), Singapore, Singapore. fabian.yap.kp@kkh.com.sg.|Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School (GMS), Singapore, Singapore. fabian.yap.kp@kkh.com.sg.
authors.forename: Fabian K P
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.affiliation: Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. rob_martinus_van_dam@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Rob M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: van Dam
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. yung_seng_lee@nuhs.edu.sg.|Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. yung_seng_lee@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Yung Seng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. mary_chong@sics.a-star.edu.sg.|Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. mary_chong@sics.a-star.edu.sg.|Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. mary_chong@sics.a-star.edu.sg.|Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, 30 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117609, Singapore. mary_chong@sics.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Mary F F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Chong
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004435:Eating / Q000523:psychology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*