title: Thoughts on practical core elements of an ethical anatomical education.
abstract: While questions of ethics in body procurement have become a focus of attention in many medical schools around the world, the recent report by a medical student regarding disturbing incidences in an anatomical dissection course (Terry, ) underlines the importance of a discussion of ethical practices in anatomical education. Here thoughts on core elements of instruction are proposed which are based on the premise that both, ethical body procurement and ethical anatomical education, are the foundation for a humanism-based professional training of students in medicine. As the anatomical dissection course presents an exceptional situation for students, practical guidelines for a curriculum founded on ethical considerations are essential. They include a preparatory phase before the start of the course in which students are asked about their expectations and fears concerning anatomical dissection; an introduction to the history and ethics of anatomy; a time for reflection in the dissection room before the start of dissection; a regular opportunity for reflections on dissection in parallel to the course with students and faculty; and a memorial service for the donors organized by students for faculty, students and donor families. Finally, anatomical faculty should undergo training in ethical educational practices. Many anatomy programs have incorporated various of these ideas, while others have not done so. Guidelines for ethical anatomical practices can strengthen the foundation of a humanistic approach to medicine in future physicians and health care workers.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 333 Longwood Avenue-LO 234, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
mesh_terms: D000715:Anatomy / Q000193:education* / Q000941:ethics; D003479:Curriculum; D004210:Dissection / Q000193:education*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000941:ethics*; D006808:Humanism; D006801:Humans; D012577:Schools, Medical; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: anatomical education; body donation; ethics in anatomy; memorial service; reflection on medicine