title: Effects of co-fermented Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues and soybean hulls by Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens.
abstract: Soybean hulls are a by-product of soybean processing for oil and meal production; Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues (PESR) are by-products of the edible portion of the fruiting body enriched in bioactive metabolites. This study evaluated the effects of co-fermented PESR and soybean hulls with Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. The in vitro experimental results showed that xylananse and mannanase activity of solid-state fermented soybean hulls (100% SBH) and soybean hulls partially replaced with PESR (75:25, SHP) reached peak at day 12; solid-state fermentation (SSF) enhanced the total phenolic content and trolox equivalency in both products as well. Additionally, FSHP had higher xylotriose and mannobiose levels than fermented FSBH did. A total of 400 broilers (Ross 308) were assigned randomly into four groups receiving the basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% fermented SBH (0.5% FSBH), 0.5% fermented SBHP (0.5% FSHP) and 1.0% fermented SBHP (1.0% FSHP) until 35 d of age, respectively. Results demonstrated that 0.5% FSHP addition increased body weight gain as compared with corresponding normal diet fed control in birds during entire experimental period. Compared with the control group, 0.5% FSHP group significantly increased the ratio of lactic acid bacteria to Clostridium perfringens in ceca as well as ileum villus height and jejunum villus height/crypt depth ratio of 35 d old birds. In conclusion, 0.5% FSHP supplementation in the diet could obtain not only improved body weight gain, but optimal intestinal morphology by exerting its bioactive metabolite properties when fed to broilers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan ttlee@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
keywords: Aureobasidium pullulans; Pleurotus eryngii stalk residue; broilers; soybean hulls