title: Effects of lobeline and reboxetine, fluoxetine, or bupropion combination on depression-like behaviors in mice.
abstract: Evidence suggests that lobeline, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligand, has antidepressant-like properties in mice. The present study investigated the possible additive or synergistic effects of lobeline in combination with commonly used antidepressants, such as reboxetine, fluoxetine, or bupropion, using the tail suspension test (TST) and the forced swim test (FST) in C57BL/6J mice. Reboxetine (5 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.), fluoxetine (5 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.), or bupropion (2 or 4 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered 30 min before TST or FST. A fixed dose of lobeline (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 15 min prior to tests. Co-administration of lobeline and reboxetine, fluoxetine, or bupropion significantly reduced immobility time in the TST and FST in comparison to the antidepressants used alone. The results suggest that lobeline enhanced the effects of reboxetine, fluoxetine, or bupropion in mice. Therefore, lobeline or similar nicotinic receptor ligand may have therapeutic potential as an adjunct for the treatment of major depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
authors.forename: Monzurul Amin
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Roni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA. Electronic address: Shafiqur.Rahman@sdstate.edu.
authors.forename: Shafiqur
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D016642:Bupropion / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D046353:Immobility Response, Tonic / Q000187:drug effects; D008120:Lobeline / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077593:Reboxetine
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D009025:Morpholines; D005473:Fluoxetine; D016642:Bupropion; D000077593:Reboxetine; D008120:Lobeline
keywords: Animal model; Antidepressant; Drug combination; Forced swim test; Lobeline; Major depression; Mice; Nicotinic receptor; Tail suspension test