title: Protective Effects of Molsidomine Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cisplatin, an effective chemotherapeutic agent, is used for the treatment of several types of cancers. However, cisplatin has some severe side effects such as nephrotoxicity. On the other hand, molsidomine, a NO donor, has anti-oxidative and vasodilator effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to estimate the protective effects of molsidomine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups as follows: (1) control; (2) received a single-dose intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 5 mg/kg cisplatin; (3) received single i.p. dose of molsidomine (4 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days before cisplatin treatment; (4) received single i.p. dose of molsidomine (4 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days. The specific biochemical markers, including antioxidants, and the histopathological alterations were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cisplatin significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) level. Molsidomine significantly decreased MPO level nearly to control level; however, its ameliorating effects on MDA, SOD, CAT and GPX did not reach to significant levels. Cisplatin-induced elevation of blood-urea-nitrogen and serum-creatinine were diminished after molsidomine administration. Cisplatin also induced severe tubular degeneration, nuclear condensation, apoptosis and scattered patchy inflammation in the histological examination. Molsidomine improved all of these histological damages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, the beneficial effect of molsidomine against cisplatin nephrotoxicity has been evaluated for the first time.
authors.affiliation: Student, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Habib T E
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Karakoc
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Altintas
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parlakpinar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alaaddin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samdanci
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagir
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep R
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Duran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002945:Cisplatin; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D019610:Cytoprotection; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D020011:Protective Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003404:Creatinine; D008981:Molsidomine; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002945:Cisplatin