title: Hydroxyapatite-calcium sulfate-hyaluronic acid composite encapsulated with collagenase as bone substitute for alveolar bone regeneration.
abstract: Periodontitis is a very severe inflammatory condition of the periodontium that progressively damages the soft tissue and destroys the alveolar bone that supports the teeth. The bone loss is naturally irreversible because of limited reparability of the teeth. Advancement in tissue engineering provides an effective regeneration of osseous defects with suitable dental implants or tissue-engineered constructs. This study reports a hydroxyapatite, calcium sulfate hemihydrate and hyaluronic acid laden collagenase (HAP/CS/HA-Col) as a bone substitute for the alveolar bone regeneration. The composite material was mechanically tested and the biocompatibility was evaluated by WST-1 assay. The in vivo bone formation was assessed in rat with alveolar bone defects and the bone augmentation by the HAP/CS/HA-Col composite was confirmed by micro-CT images and histological examination. The mechanical strength of 6.69 MPa with excellent biocompatibility was obtained for the HAP/CS/HA-Col composite. The collagenase release profile had facilitated the acceleration of bone remodeling process and it was confirmed by the findings of micro-CT and H&E staining. The bone defects implanted with HAP/CS/HA composite containing 2 mg/mL type I collagenase have shown improved new bone formation with matured bone morphology in comparison with the HAP/CS/HA composite that lacks the collagenase and the porous hydroxyapatite (p-HAP) granules. The said findings demonstrated that the collagenase inclusion in HAP/CS/HA composite is a feasible approach for the alveolar bone regeneration and the same design can also be applied to other defective tissues.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
authors.forename: Sadhasivam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yen-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Savitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivasubramanian
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: double@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Feng-Huei
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chun-pin
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D017886:Durapatite; D017364:Collagenases; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Alveolar bone; Bone substitutes; Ceramic bone graft; Dental implants; Hydroxyapatite