title: Dissemination of clonal complex 2 Acinetobacter baumannii strains co-producing carbapenemases and 16S rRNA methylase ArmA in Vietnam.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acinetobacter baumannii strains co-producing carbapenemase and 16S rRNA methylase are highly resistant to carbapenems and aminoglycosides.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three isolates of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii were obtained from an intensive care unit in a hospital in Vietnam. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and whole genome sequencing were performed. Multilocus sequence typing and the presence of drug resistant genes were determined and a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed by SNP alignment of whole genome sequencing data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of isolates belonged to clonal complex 2 (ST2, ST570 and ST571), and carried carbapenemase encoding genes bla OXA-23 and bla OXA-66. Two isolates encoded carbapenemase genes bla NDM-1 and bla OXA-58 and the 16S rRNA methylase encoding gene armA and did not belong to clonal complex 2 (ST16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A. baumannii isolates producing 16S rRNA methylase ArmA and belonging to clonal complex 2 are widespread, and isolates co-producing NDM-1 and ArmA are emerging, in medical settings in Vietnam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. ttada@ri.ncgm.go.jp.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.affiliation: Pathogenic Microbe Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. takiyam@ri.ncgm.go.jp.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyoshi-Akiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. kshima@ri.ncgm.go.jp.
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. ngatrancrh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tran Thi Thanh
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nga
authors.affiliation: Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. letathu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Le Thi Anh
authors.initials: le TA
authors.lastname: Thu
authors.affiliation: Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. truongson_cr@yahoo.com.vn.
authors.forename: Nguyen Truong
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Disease Control and Prevention Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan. nohmagari@hosp.ncgm.go.jp.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohmagari
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. tkirikae@ri.ncgm.go.jp.
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirikae
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014744:Vietnam; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D008780:Methyltransferases; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase