title: Randomised clinical trial: transoral incisionless fundoplication vs. sham intervention to control chronic GERD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Until recently only two therapeutic options have been available to control symptoms and the esophagitis in chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), i.e. lifelong proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy or anti-reflux surgery. Lately, transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) has been developed and found to offer a therapeutic alternative for these patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To perform a double-blind sham-controlled study in GERD patients who were chronic PPI users.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied patients with objectively confirmed GERD and persistent moderate to severe GERD symptoms without PPI therapy. Of 121 patients screened, we finally randomised 44 patients with 22 patients in each group. Those allocated to TIF had the TIF2 procedure completed during general anaesthesia by the EsophyX device with SerosaFuse fasteners. The sham procedure consisted of upper GI endoscopy under general anaesthesia. Neither the patient nor the assessor was aware of the patients' group affiliation. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the proportion of patients in clinical remission after 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were: PPI consumption, oesophageal acid exposure, reduction in Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores and healing of reflux esophagitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time (average days) in remission offered by the TIF2 procedure (197) was significantly longer compared to those submitted to the sham intervention (107), P < 0.001. After 6 months 13/22 (59%) of the chronic GERD patients remained in clinical remission after the active intervention. Likewise, the secondary outcome measures were all in favour of the TIF2 procedure. No safety issues were raised.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF2) is effective in chronic PPI-dependent GERD patients when followed up for 6 months. Clinicaltrials.gov: CT01110811.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Håkansson
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Park Leopold Clinic, CHIREC, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Cadiere
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Park Leopold Clinic, CHIREC, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.affiliation: CHU Hotel Dieu Institut des Maladies de l' Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bruley des Varannes
authors.affiliation: CHU Hotel Dieu Institut des Maladies de l' Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lerhun
authors.affiliation: CHU Hotel Dieu Institut des Maladies de l' Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coron
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tack
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bischops
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thorell
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Arnelo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lundell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult