title: High-Concentration Liquid Prednisolone Formula: Filling a Therapeutic Niche in Severe Acute Attacks of Urticaria and Angioedema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  According to current guidelines, the emergency kit for patients with severe urticaria and/or angioedema should include a corticosteroid with a prednisolone-equivalent of 50-100 mg. Since severe dysphagia may occur in anaphylaxis, liquid corticosteroids are advantageous. Presently, only liquid preparations with less than 100 mg prednisolone equivalent are available worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prepared a highly concentrated liquid prednisolone formula for oral administration (1 or 5 mg prednisolone per ml). We observed efficacy and safety of 100 mg or >250 mg liquid oral prednisolone in comparison to intravenous administration (250 mg prednisolone) in 53 patients with urticaria and/or angioedema.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The symptom control achieved with oral administration was comparable to that obtained with intravenous therapy, with remission of at least 50% of the symptoms in less than 30 min. No side effects occurred during the treatment period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The liquid prednisolone formula is an additional therapeutic rescue medication in dermatological emergency medicine, filling a therapeutic niche for patients who need high-concentration liquid prednisolone. It is suitable for self-administration emergency kits in children and adults, in accordance with current guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Adriane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peveling-Oberhag
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reimann
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Weyer
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goloborodko
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staubach
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000799:Angioedema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004304:Dosage Forms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014581:Urticaria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004304:Dosage Forms; D011239:Prednisolone