title: Importance of the Bulk Viscosity of QCD in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions.
abstract: We investigate the consequences of a nonzero bulk viscosity coefficient on the transverse momentum spectra, azimuthal momentum anisotropy, and multiplicity of charged hadrons produced in heavy ion collisions at LHC energies. The agreement between a realistic 3D hybrid simulation and the experimentally measured data considerably improves with the addition of a bulk viscosity coefficient for strongly interacting matter. This paves the way for an eventual quantitative determination of several QCD transport coefficients from the experimental heavy ion and hadron-nucleus collision programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Paquet
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Denicol
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schenke
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gale