title: [PROCEDURE OF RECONSTRUCTING TRANSVERSE ARCH OF THE FOREFOOT BY TRANSFERING TENDONS FOR CORRECTING HALLUX VALGUS].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effectiveness of the procedure of reconstructing the transverse arch of the forefoot by anastomosing adductor hallucis and abductor hallucis tendons in correcting hallux valgus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data from 28 patients (40 feet) with hallux valgus treated with the procedure of reconstructing the transverse arch of the forefoot by anastomosing adductor hallucis and abductor hallucis tendons between January 2010 and January 2014. There were 3 males (6 feet) and 25 females (34 feet), with an average age of 51.7 years (range, 20-71 years). The unilateral foot was involved in 16 cases and bilateral feet in 12 cases. The mean disease duration was 8.9 years (range, 1-30 years). All the cases had pain of the first metacarpophalangeal joint; 22 feet had collapsed transverse arch of the forefoot combined with plantar callus, and 8 feet had collapsed transverse arch of the forefoot combined with hammer toe deformity. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 59.07 +/- 8.49. Preoperative X-ray showed that the hallux valgus angle (HVA) was (33.68 +/- 8.10) degrees, and the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) was (15.60 +/- 4.07) degrees. According to classification of the hallux valgus by Mann, 9 feet were rated as mild, 23 feet as moderate, and 8 feet as severe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Superficial infection of incision occurred in 1 case (1 foot) after surgery, and healing by first intention was obtained in the others. Two cases (3 feet) had numbness in the toes. All of 28 cases were followed up from 6 months to 4 years (1.8 years on average). Based on the AOFAS score, the results were excellent in 24 feet, good in 9 feet, fair in 4 feet, and poor in 3 feet, and the excellent and good rate was 82.5%. At last follow-up, the HVA, IMA, and AOFAS score were (15.10 +/- 5.28), (9.05 +/- 2.42) degrees, and 86.03 +/- 7.45 respectively, showing significant differences compared with preoperative ones (P=0.00). The collapsed transverse arch of the forefoot was recovered to some extent, plantar callus disappeared (14 feet), or decreased (8 feet). Recurrence of hallux valgus deformity was observed in 2 cases (3 feet) at 2 and 3 months after surgery respectively, and no hallux varus was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This procedure not only can effectively reduce the increased hallux valgus angle, and narrow the angle between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal, but also can relocate the sesamoid system, reconstruct the transverse arch of the forefoot, and effectively restore the physiological anatomy structure and biological function of the forefoot.
authors.forename: Xingchao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuehai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiangbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005413:Flatfoot / Q000209:etiology; D005531:Foot Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D006215:Hallux Valgus / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013709:Tendon Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D013710:Tendons; D014034:Toes; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D034941:Upper Extremity; D014945:Wound Healing