title: Detection, Localization and Tyrosine Phosphorylation Status of Ser/Thr Protein Phosphatase1γ in Freshly Ejaculated, In Vitro Capacitated and Cryopreserved Buffalo Spermatozoa.
abstract: Several recent studies have indicated the important roles of Ser/Thr protein phosphatase1γ (PP1γ) in regulating the motility and capacitation of mammalian spermatozoa. Here, we report the presence and distribution of PP1γ protein in freshly ejaculated, in vitro capacitated and cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa. The presence of PP1γ and its distribution were assessed by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence techniques, whereas the isoforms of PP1γ and their tyrosine phosphorylation status were identified by using 2D electrophoresis. The number of isoforms and the status of tyrosine phosphorylation of PP1γ were increased in capacitated spermatozoa when compared with freshly ejaculated spermatozoa. Differential pattern of expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of PP1γ were observed in cryopreserved spermatozoa, wherein some isoforms were degraded and some were tyrosine phosphorylated. In addition, immunofluorescence technique revealed that PP1γ was localized to principle, mid-piece, post-acrosomal and equatorial regions of buffalo spermatozoa. Differential distribution of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were observed in fresh, capacitated and cryopreserved spermatozoa. The tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins (20, 37, 38, 52, 60, 79 and 100 kDa) were increased when sperm cells were incubated with PP1γ inhibitor, okadaic acid. Together, our results suggest that buffalo spermatozoa express different isoforms of PP1γ protein. The protein expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of PP1γ were increased during capacitation. Furthermore, the differential pattern of expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of PP1γ were observed in cryopreserved spermatozoa. In addition, the inhibition of PP1γ protein increases protein tyrosine phosphorylation in capacitation.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biochemistry Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naresh
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biochemistry Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Atreja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002020:Buffaloes; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000502:physiology*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014443:Tyrosine; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1