title: Geraniol produces antidepressant-like effects in a chronic unpredictable mild stress mice model.
abstract: Geraniol (GE), which has neuroprotection and anti-inflammation activities, is mostly abundant in the essential oils of rose, ginger, lemon, orange, lavender etc. However, its antidepressant-like effect has not been reported before. The present study was designed to investigate whether GE confers an antidepressant effect in mice exposed to a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression and to explore its possible mechanisms. The results showed that GE treatments for 3 weeks significantly alleviated the depression-related behaviors of CUMS-exposed mice, as indicated by restored decreased sucrose preference and shortened immobile time in both the forced swimming tests (FST) and tail suspension tests (TST). And these ameliorative effects of GE treatment were involved with regulating CUMS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) related neuro-inflammation. We further found that GE treatment reversed CUMS-induced IL-1β elevation, possibly by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activation and regulating nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome expression. Taken together, our findings suggested that GE exerted a potential antidepressant-like effect in CUMS mice model of depression, which may provide an insight into the potential of GE in therapeutic implications for depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
authors.forename: Xue-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
authors.forename: Jin-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhan-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China. Electronic address: fuqiang@cpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China. Electronic address: qurong@163.com.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China. Electronic address: spma@cpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shi-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D035501:Uncertainty
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D058847:Inflammasomes; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; C492716:Nlrp3 protein, mouse; D013729:Terpenes; D005473:Fluoxetine; D020170:Caspase 1; C007836:geraniol; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Antidepressant; Geraniol; NF-κB; NLRP3; Neuro-inflammation