title: Long-Term Outcome of Arthrocentesis Plus Hyaluronic Acid Injection in Patients With Wilkes Stage II and III Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arthrocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure used to manage temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement (ID). This study evaluated the outcome of arthrocentesis in patients with Wilkes stage II and III TMJ ID.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study enrolled 50 patients who underwent arthrocentesis in 2011 and 2012 at the Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Turkey. In total, 43 patients underwent unilateral arthrocentesis, whereas 7 patients had bilateral arthrocentesis. The clinical parameters recorded were pain (visual analogue scale [VAS] 0-100 mm during movement), chewing function efficacy (VAS 0-100), clicking sounds, and mandibular movements, including maximum interincisal opening (MIO), lateral excursion, and protrusion. All the parameters were recorded preoperatively, and 1, 3, 6, and 24 months after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MIO, lateral excursion, and protrusion were significantly greater than preoperatively in all the patients. Pain declined significantly postoperatively. The patients in Wilkes III group had greater improvement in mandibular movement and pain than the patients in Wilkes II group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arthrocentesis was reliable for treating both Wilkes II and III TMJ ID, and the treatment results were better in Wilkes III patients.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University †Private Practice, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ungor
authors.forename: Kerem Turgut
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Atasoy
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taskesen
authors.forename: Cagasan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pirpir
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000069237:Arthrocentesis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000503:physiopathology; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013016:Sound; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000295:instrumentation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055675:Viscosupplements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D055675:Viscosupplements; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid