title: Adenoids and clinical symptoms: Epidemiology of a cohort of 795 pediatric patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is very common in children and can cause airway obstruction. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between AH and other factors, including age, possible related symptoms, and allergies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred and ninety-five patients (460 males, 335 females; mean age=5.9 years; range age: 1-14 years) were seen in an ENT clinic for nasal symptoms. Nasal endoscopy was performed with a pediatric flexible endoscope. One hundred and sixty-nine patients had documented allergy sensitization. Patients were divided into two groups according to their age: group 1 included children aged 1-7 years, and group 2 included subjects aged 8-14 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adenoid size was related to age (p<0.0001). A logistic regression model - performed to evaluate adenoid grade considering, as dependent variables, age, sex, and the presence or absence of symptoms - was statistically significant (p<0.001). Moreover, AH was more common (p=0.0104) in patients with allergy sensitization, in particular in patients aged 8-14 years (p=0.0043). Nasal obstruction (OR=3.27) significantly predicted AH, whereas major age was not associated with pathological AH (OR=0.81).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present retrospective study described the relationship between AH and other demographic and clinical factors. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated a significant association among pathological AH, age, and nasal obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pagella
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Amici
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pusateri
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tinelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matti
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benazzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Licari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nigrisoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quaglini
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) - Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciprandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Foundation Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: gl.marseglia@smatteo.pv.it.
authors.forename: Gian Luigi
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Marseglia
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000150:complications; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Adenoids; Allergic rhinitis; Children; Nasal endoscopy; Nasal obstruction