title: Medicinal herb extracts ameliorate impaired growth performance and intestinal lesion of newborn piglets challenged with the virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of a combined use of extracts of medicinal herbs Taraxaumi mongolicum, Viola yedoensis Makino, Rhizoma coptidis, and Radix isatidis (MYCI) on porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). Twenty-two 3-day-old piglets received an oral challenge with 3 × 10(3.5) TCID50 of the virulent PED virus (PEDV) in PBS or PBS only and daily oral administration of 60 mg of the MYCI mixture suspended in milk replacer or the vehicle for 7 days in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Average daily gain (ADG) increased (p < 0.05) in response to the MYCI treatment in the PEDV-challenged piglets (-18 vs. 7 g for the vehicle- vs. MYCI-administered group), but not in unchallenged animals (27 vs. 28 g). Diarrhea score and fecal PEDV shedding, however, were not influenced by the MYCI treatment. The PEDV challenge caused severe intestinal villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia, both of which were alleviated by administration of the MYCI mixture as indicated by an increase in the villus height and a decrease in the crypt depth due to the treatment. Overall, medicinal herb extracts used in this study ameliorated impaired growth performance and intestinal lesion of newborn piglets challenged with the virulent PEDV. Therefore, our results suggest that the MYCI mixture could be used as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent against PED.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714 South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeun Bum
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Regional Animal Industry Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 660-758 South Korea.
authors.forename: Chul Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701 South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701 South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, 55108 USA.
authors.forename: Keum Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Health; Medicinal herb; Pigs; Porcine epidemic diarrhea