title: Noncontact photoacoustic tomography of in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane based on all-fiber heterodyne interferometry.
abstract: We present three-dimensional (3-D) in vivo photoacoustic (PA) images of the blood vasculature of a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) obtained by using a fiber-based noncontact PA tomography system. With a fiber-optic heterodyne interferometer, the system measures the surface displacement of a sample, induced by the PA wave, which overcomes the disadvantage of physical-contact of ultrasonic transducer in a conventional system. The performance of an implemented system is analyzed and its capability of in vivo 3-D bioimaging is presented. At a depth of 2.5 mm in a phantom experiment, the lateral and axial resolutions were measured as 100 and 30  μm, respectively. The lateral resolution became doubled at a depth of 7.0 mm; however, interestingly, the axial resolution was not noticeably deteriorated with the depth. With the CAM experiment, performed under the American National Standards Institute laser safety standard condition, blood vessel structures placed as deep as 3.5 mm were clearly recognized.
authors.affiliation: Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Medical System Engineering, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jonghyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eom
authors.affiliation: Institute for Basic Science, Center for Soft and Living Matter, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Information and Communications, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byeong Ha
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation; D007368:Interferometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D041622:Tomography, Optical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation*