title: Overexpression of OsCYP19-4 increases tolerance to cold stress and enhances grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa).
abstract: AtCYP19-4 (also known as CYP5) was previously identified as interacting in vitro with GNOM, a member of a large family of ARF guanine nucleotide exchange factors that is required for proper polar localization of the auxin efflux carrier PIN1. The present study demonstrated that OsCYP19-4, a gene encoding a putative homologue of AtCYP19-4, was up-regulated by several stresses and showed over 10-fold up-regulation in response to cold. The study further demonstrated that the promoter of OsCYP19-4 was activated in response to cold stress. An OsCYP19-4-GFP fusion protein was targeted to the outside of the plasma membrane via the endoplasmic reticulum as determined using brefeldin A, a vesicle trafficking inhibitor. An in vitro assay with a synthetic substrate oligomer confirmed that OsCYP19-4 had peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity, as was previously reported for AtCYP19-4. Rice plants overexpressing OsCYP19-4 showed cold-resistance phenotypes with significantly increased tiller and spike numbers, and consequently enhanced grain weight, compared with wild-type plants. Based on these results, the authors suggest that OsCYP19-4 is required for developmental acclimation to environmental stresses, especially cold. Furthermore, the results point to the potential of manipulating OsCYP19-4 expression to enhance cold tolerance or to increase biomass.
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Namwon 590-170, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Hwa
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Sook
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Daegu 711-873, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Namwon 590-170, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Seog
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Daegu 711-873, Korea.
authors.forename: Jang Ryol
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju 560-500, Korea hscho@kribb.re.kr secmeta2@yahoo.com bgkimpeace@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Beom-Gi
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Namwon 590-170, Korea hscho@kribb.re.kr secmeta2@yahoo.com bgkimpeace@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Jun Cheul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea hscho@kribb.re.kr secmeta2@yahoo.com bgkimpeace@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Hye Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D002523:Edible Grain; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Apoplast; CYP19-4; Oryza sativa L.; cold stress tolerance; immunophilin; increased tillering