title: Prognostic Importance of Changes in Cardiac Structure and Function in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and the Impact of Spironolactone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited data exist regarding the impact of aldosterone antagonist therapy on cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and on the prognostic relevance of changes in cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiac structure and function were assessed by quantitative echocardiography at baseline and at 12- to 18-month follow-up in 239 patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (left ventricular [LV] ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥45%) enrolled in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial. The impact of spironolactone therapy on measures of cardiac structure and function was assessed in the study population overall, and change in echocardiographic measures was associated with the subsequent occurrence of the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, or aborted cardiac arrest. Spironolactone was not associated with alterations in cardiac structure and function compared with placebo. Decrease in left atrial volume at follow-up was associated with a lower risk of subsequent occurrence of the primary outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Twelve to 18 months of spironolactone therapy was not associated with alterations in cardiac structure or function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Reduction in left atrial volume at follow-up was associated with a lower risk of subsequent occurrence of the primary composite outcome.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  URL: http:///www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00094302.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.). ashah11@partners.org.
authors.forename: Amil M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Claggett
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Nancy K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sweitzer
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Sanjiv J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deswal
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Inder S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Jerome L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fleg
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Bertram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (A.M.S., B.C., M.A.P., S.D.S.); Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ (N.K.S.); Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.); Cardiology Division, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center & Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.D.); Cardiovascular Division, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN (I.S.A.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.L.F.); and Cardiology Division, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI (B.P.).
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011379:Prognosis; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D013148:Spironolactone
keywords: clinical trial; echocardiography; heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; spironolactone