title: Chronic Endometritis: Potential Cause of Infertility and Obstetric and Neonatal Complications.
abstract: Chronic endometritis (CE) is a local inflammatory disease characterized by unusual plasmacyte infiltration in the endometrial stromal areas. CE has been neglected in gynecologic practice, as it is a less symptomatic benign disease that requires demanding and time-consuming histopathologic examinations for the definite diagnosis. Recent studies, however, suggest the association of CE with infertility and obstetric and neonatal complications. In this review article, we aimed to update the knowledge on epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis of CE as well as discuss its clinical management from diagnosis to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.|Department of Anatomy and Cell Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitaya
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubayashi
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takaya
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomoto
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004716:Endometritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D007246:Infertility / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: CD138; chronic endometritis; endometrial stromal plasmacytes; infertility; obstetric and neonatal complications