title: Comparative histopathological study of the venous wall of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate venous histopathology of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose patients (C2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of venous histopathology of 52 patients (13, 8, 2, and 28 were C2, C4, C5 and C6).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intimal thickness, intimal fibrosis, total thickness and intimal/total thickness ratio were highest in venous clinical severity score 0, 1 chronic venous insufficiency (no or minimal varicosity) follow by Venous Clinical Severity Score 2,3 chronic venous insufficiency (trunkal varice) and C2 veins (mean intimal thickness 62, 36, 26 µm, mean intimal fibrosis 74%, 72%, 65%, mean total thickness 184, 159, 133 µm, mean intimal/total thickness ratio 0.32, 0.20, 0.21). The statistical significances were found when comparing intimal thickness, intimal fibrosis, intimal/total thickness ratio and total thickness of Venous Clinical Severity Score 0, 1 chronic venous insufficiency veins and C2 veins. The medial changes are relatively constant among groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with C2 vein, the intimal changes in chronic venous insufficiency venous wall differ, particularly in the VCSS 0, 1 chronic venous insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nisarat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dhanarak
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand burapa04@icloud.com.
authors.forename: Burapa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kanchanabat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: CVI; chronic venous insufficiency; histology; histopathology