title: Lake Winnipeg Basin: Advocacy, challenges and progress for sustainable phosphorus and eutrophication control.
abstract: Intensification of agricultural production worldwide has altered cycles of phosphorus (P) and water. In particular, loading of P on land in fertilizer applications is a global water quality concern. The Lake Winnipeg Basin (LWB) is a major agricultural area displaying extreme eutrophication. We examined the eutrophication problem in the context of the reemerging global concern about future accessibility of phosphate rock for fertilizer production and sustainable phosphorus management. An exploratory action research participatory design was applied to study options for proactivity within the LWB. The multiple methods, including stakeholder interviews and surveys, demonstrate emerging synergies between the goals of reversing eutrophication and promoting food security. Furthermore, shifting the prevalent pollutant-driven eutrophication management paradigm in the basin toward a systemic, holistic and ecocentric approach, integrating global resource challenges, requires a mutual learning process among stakeholders in the basin to act on and adapt to ecosystem vulnerabilities. It is suggested to continue aspects of this research in a transdisciplinary format, i.e., science with society, in response to globally-expanding needs and concerns, with a possible focus on enhanced engagement of indigenous peoples and elders.
authors.affiliation: Josefstrasse, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED), Natural and Social Science Interface, ETH Zurich, Universitätsstrasse 22, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: andrea.ulrich@env.ethz.ch.
authors.forename: Andrea E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.affiliation: PDK Projects, Inc., 5072 Vista View Crescent, Nanaimo, B.C. V9V 1L6, Canada. Electronic address: dmalley@pdkprojects.com.
authors.forename: Diane F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Malley
authors.affiliation: Institute of Arctic Ecophysiology, Churchill, Canada; DALUHAY, Mandaluyong City, Philippines. Electronic address: paulwatts52@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Watts
keywords: Action research; Eutrophication; Indigenous; Lake Winnipeg; Nutrient management; Phosphorus; Water management