title: Exposure to acute levels of waterborne aluminium modifies the legacy of early life stage irradiation, including the communication of radiation-induced bystander signals, in adult rainbow trout.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the legacy of early life stage irradiation seen in rainbow trout is modified in adult fish by acute exposure to waterborne aluminium (Al).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-year-old trout which had been irradiated as either eggs 48 h after fertilization, eyed eggs, yolk sac larvae or as first feeders, were exposed to 100 or 200 μg l(-1) Al. These fish were then paired with untreated fish. Gill and skin samples from both the irradiated and Al-exposed, and the untreated bystander fish, were then assayed for the production of toxic or pro-death signals, using the HPV-G reporter cell line.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depending on the life stage, irradiated and the tissue assayed acute Al exposure modified both the radiation legacy, and the radiation-induced bystander effect in untreated fish, either by reducing reporter cell survival or increasing reporter cell growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effects of early irradiation and adult Al exposure were complex but clearly demonstrated that both the direct radiation effects and the communication of a radiation-induced bystander effect can be modified by a second environmental stressor.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada.|b Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph , Guelph , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rohin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saroya
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Colin B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.affiliation: b Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph , Guelph , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Moccia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Carmel E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mothersill
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D024201:Bystander Effect / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008018:Life Cycle Stages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000502:physiology*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Adaptive response; biological response modifiers; environmental effects; fish (aquatic); radioecology