title: A Common SNP of IL-10 (-1082A/G) is Associated With Increased Risk of Premenopausal Breast Cancer in South Indian Women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evading the immune destruction and angiogenesis has been the two hallmarks of cancer. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with immune suppressing (pro-tumorigenic) and anti-angiogenic (anti-tumorigenic) properties, thus making the role of IL-10 in tumorigenesis enigmatic. Previous studies have suggested a critical role of IL10 altered expression in complex process of tumor-microenvironment, co-evolution and tumorigenesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Evaluating the role of IL10 (-1082A/G) gene promoter polymorphism in breast cancer patients from South India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted with a total of 285 individuals, these include 125 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients and 160 age and sex matched controls. Genotypes were determined by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR), followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was done to test the significance of results obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis revealed that AA genotype of the Il-10 -1082A/G polymorphism is significantly associated with breast cancer (AA vs. AG: χ(2) = 14.46, P = 0.0001432, OR = 2.854, 95% CI = 1.68 - 4.849). Up on stratifying subjects based on cancer stage, age at onset, menopausal status, AA genotype has associated with all the sub groups, except for post-menopausal women. There was no significant association which was observed with respected to hormonal status (ER, PR) and Her2/neu status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that IL-10 AA genotype as a risk factor in the etiology of breast cancer in the South Indian population.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Cingeetham
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vinod
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Akka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jyothy
authors.affiliation: MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Centre, University, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Malladi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijay Kumar
authors.affiliation: MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Centre, University, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Ramaiyer Raghu
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Pratibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nallari
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Ananthapur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Venkateshwari
keywords: Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction; Breast Cancer; Interleukin-10; Polymorphism