title: A Cilia Independent Role of Ift88/Polaris during Cell Migration.
abstract: Ift88 is a central component of the intraflagellar transport (Ift) complex B, essential for the building of cilia and flagella from single cell organisms to mammals. Loss of Ift88 results in the absence of cilia and causes left-right asymmetry defects, disordered Hedgehog signaling, and polycystic kidney disease, all of which are explained by aberrant ciliary function. In addition, a number of extraciliary functions of Ift88 have been described that affect the cell-cycle, mitosis, and targeting of the T-cell receptor to the immunological synapse. Similarly, another essential ciliary molecule, the kinesin-2 subunit Kif3a, which transports Ift-B in the cilium, affects microtubule (MT) dynamics at the leading edge of migrating cells independently of cilia. We now show that loss of Ift88 impairs cell migration irrespective of cilia. Ift88 is required for the polarization of migrating MDCK cells, and Ift88 depleted cells have fewer MTs at the leading edge. Neither MT dynamics nor MT nucleation are dependent on Ift88. Our findings dissociate the function of Ift88 from Kif3a outside the cilium and suggest a novel extraciliary function for Ift88. Future studies need to address what unifying mechanism underlies the different extraciliary functions of Ift88.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boehlke
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Janusch
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamann
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Powelske
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mergen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herbst
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Fruzsina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kotsis
authors.affiliation: Life Imaging Center, Center for Biosystems Analysis, Albert-Ludwig-University, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Biological Signaling Studies (bioss), Albert-Ludwig-University, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nitschke
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Biological Signaling Studies (bioss), Albert-Ludwig-University, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: E Wolfgang
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Kuehn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002923:Cilia; D004285:Dogs; D005407:Flagella / Q000378:metabolism; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016547:Kinesins