title: [DIGITAL DESIGN OF STANDARD PARTS DATABASE FOR PROXIMAL TIBIA FRACTURES TREATED WITH PLATING VIA THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRINTING].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the method and feasibility of digital internal fixation for proximal tibia fractures using standard parts database and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten adult lower extremity specimens were selected to take continuously thin-layer scanning. After Dicom image was imported into the Mimics software, the model of Schatzker II-VI types proximal tibia fracture was established, 2 cases each type. The virtual internal fixation was performed with plate and screw from standard parts database. The pilot hole of the navigation module design was printed by 3D printing technique. The plate and screw were inserted by the navigation module. X-ray film and CT were taken postoperatively to observe the position. Thirty patients with proximal tibia fracture underwent digital internal fixation using standard parts database and 3D printing technology (study group), and another 30 patients underwent traditional open reduction and internal fixation (control group). There was no significant difference in sex, age, side, causes, fracture classification, associated injury, and course of disease between 2 groups (P > 0.05). The preparative time, incision length, fracture healing time, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. Follow up of imaging evaluation, clinical efficacy was evaluated by MacNab criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The navigation models were designed to fit the bony structure of proximal tibia and to guide implant insertion. The parameters of orientation, length, diameter, and angle were consistent with the preoperative plan. No statistically significant difference was found in the preparative times of pre-operation between 2 groups (t = 1.393, P = 0.169). The incision length, wound healing time, blood loss, operation time, and the cost of treatment in study group were significantly less than those in control group (P < 0.05). All patients were followed up 12-16 months (mean, 13.5 months). The fracture healing time of study group was significantly shorter than that of control group (t = 4.070, P = 0.000). At 12 months postoperatively, there was no significant difference in the efficacy based on MacNab criteria between 2 groups (U = 377.000, P = 0.238).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Digital internal fixation for proximal tibia fractures using standard parts database and 3D printing technology has the advantages of short process, less blood loss, high safety and rapid fracture healing.
authors.forename: Xuanhuang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhengxi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xianwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Changfu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone; D006801:Humans; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D013977:Tibia; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome