title: Trends in the risk of second primary cancer among bladder cancer survivors: a population-based cohort of 10 047 patients.
abstract: To determine whether the risk of second primary cancer (SPC) among patients with bladder cancer (BCa) has changed over past years.
  
  
  
  Data from 10 French population-based cancer registries were used to establish a cohort of 10 047 patients diagnosed with a first invasive (≥T1) BCa between 1989 and 2004 and followed up until 2007. An SPC was defined as the first subsequent primary cancer occurring at least 2 months after a BCa diagnosis. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of metachronous SPC were calculated. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to assess the direct effect of the year of BCa diagnosis on the risk of SPC.
  
  
  
  The risk of new malignancy among BCa survivors was 60% higher than in the general population (SIR 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-1.68). Male patients presented a high risk of SPC of the lung (SIR 3.12), head and neck (SIR 2.19) and prostate (SIR 1.54). In multivariate analyses adjusted for gender, age at diagnosis and follow-up, a significant increase in the risk of SPC of the lung was observed over the calendar year of BCa diagnosis (P for linear trend 0.010), with an SIR increasing by 3.7% for each year (95% CI 0.9-6.6%); however, no particular trend was observed regarding the risk of SPC of the head and neck (P = 0.596) or the prostate (P = 0.518).
  
  
  
  As the risk of SPC of the lung increased between 1989 and 2004, this study contributes more evidence to support the promotion of tobacco smoking cessation interventions among patients with BCa.
authors.affiliation: Bas-Rhin Cancer Registry, EA 3430, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.|Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Joris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Tarn Cancer Registry, Albi, France.|Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grosclaude
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Somme Cancer Registry, Department of Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lapôtre-Ledoux
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Doubs and Belfort Territory Cancer Registry, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Woronoff
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Calvados General Cancer Registry, Cancers & Préventions, U 1086 Inserm, François Baclesse Centre, Caen, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Valérie
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Guizard
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Manche Cancer Registry, Cotentin Hospital, Cherbourg-Octeville, France.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bara
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Isère Cancer Registry, University Hospital of Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colonna
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Basse-Normandie Haematological Malignancies Cancer Registry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Troussard
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Calvados Digestive Cancer Registry Cancers & Préventions, U 1086 Inserm, François Baclesse Centre, Caen, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bouvier
authors.affiliation: Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Hérault Cancer Registry, Research Center, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trétarre
authors.affiliation: Bas-Rhin Cancer Registry, EA 3430, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.|Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.|Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Paul Strauss Center, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velten
authors.affiliation: Bas-Rhin Cancer Registry, EA 3430, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.|Department of Public Health, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.|Francim: Réseau français des registres des cancers, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jérémie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jégu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000639:trends; D017741:Survivors; D013997:Time Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: multivariate analysis; neoplasms; registries; risk assessment; second primary; urinary bladder neoplasms