title: [Influence of carbodiimide-ethanol solution surface treatment on dentin microtensile bond strength].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the microtensile bond strength changes and patterns of fractures of the bonding interface after dentine surface treatment with carbodiimide-ethanol solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) dissolved in ethanol was diluted into different concentrations of 2, 1, 0.3, 0.1 and 0.01 mol/L EDC-ethanol solutions. Twenty-eight caries-free extracted human third molars were ground metallurgically to prepare flat occlusal mid-coronal dentin surfaces and etched with 35% (mass fraction) phosphoric acid gel. Then they were treated with EDC-ethanol solution for 60 s before the bonding procedure and randomly divided into five experimental groups corresponding to the tested EDC-ethanol concentrations. The ethanol treated and no pre-treated surfaces were used as controls. Single Bond 2 adhesive was applied and resin composite disk was stacked on the treated dentine surface. The teeth with resin composite disks were stored in water at room temperature for 24 h and then sectioned longitudinally to produce stick specimens for microtensile bond strength test. Fracture patterns were observed with a stereomicroscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dentin surfaces pre-treated with 2 mol/L [(22.17±13.31) MPa] and 1 mol/L [(45.31±17.80) MPa] EDC-ethanol solutions resulted in statistically significant lower bond strength value (P<0.05). Increasing numbers of fracture pattern at the resin-dentin interface were also found in this two groups with percentages of 81.2% and 41.3% respectively. No significant difference was observed in the groups with 0.3, 0.1, 0.01 mol/L EDC surface treatment (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No significant difference of immediate bond strengths was found in the 0.3, 0.1, 0.01 mol/L groups compared with the control group. EDC-ethanol solution surface treatment with concentrations of 2 mol/L and 1 mol/L resulted in decreasing of the bonding strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yu-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yong-sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle 357456, USA.
authors.forename: Kwok-hung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000269:Adhesives; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003804:Dentin; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol; D006801:Humans; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014867:Water
chemical_list: C557098:1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminoisopropyl) carbodiimide; D000269:Adhesives; D002234:Carbodiimides; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; C115612:single bond; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C030242:phosphoric acid