title: Diagnostic and prognostic roles of soluble CD22 in patients with Gram-negative bacterial sepsis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soluble CD22 (sCD22) is a fragment of CD22, a B cell-specific membrane protein that negatively regulates B-cell receptor signaling. To date, sCD22 has only been regarded as a tumor marker of B-cell malignancies. Its expression in infectious diseases has not yet been assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum concentrations of sCD22, procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in patients with intra-abdominal Gram-negative bacterial infection. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers in this type of infection. The correlations between biomarkers and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores were also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of sCD22 were significantly elevated in patients with sepsis and the elevation is correlated with the severity of sepsis. sCD22 was also slightly elevated in patients with non-infected systemic inflammatory response syndrome or local infection. The diagnostic accuracy of sCD22 for sepsis was equivalent to that of PCT or IL-6. In addition, the correlation of sCD22 with APACHE II scores was stronger than that of PCT or IL-6.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum sCD22 is a novel inflammatory mediator released during infection. This soluble biomarker plays a potential role in the diagnosis of Gram-negative bacterial sepsis, with a diagnostic accuracy as efficient as that of PCT or IL-6. Furthermore, sCD22 is more valuable to predict the outcomes in patients with sepsis than PCT or IL-6. The present study suggested that sCD22 might be potentially useful in supplementing current criteria for sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China. zc104@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Yi-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Hong-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei-Dong
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Xiao
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Zhong-Hua Klaus
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood; D012372:ROC Curve; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C000606589:CALCA protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011498:Protein Precursors; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; D002116:Calcitonin; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide