title: Location of and landing on a source of human body odour by femaleCulex quinquefasciatusin still and moving air.
abstract: The orientation to and landing on a source of human odour by femaleCulex quinquefasciatusSay (Diptera: Culicidae) is observed in a wind tunnel without an airflow or with a laminar airflow of 0.2 m s-1. Odours from human feet are collected by 'wearing' clean glass beads inside a stocking and presenting beads in a Petri dish in a wind tunnel. Mosquitoes are activated by brief exposure to a 1 L min-1jet of 4% CO2positioned 10 cm from the release cage. In moving air at 0.2 m s-1, a mean of 3.45 ± 0.49 landings are observed in 10 min trials (5 mosquitoes per trial), whereas 6.50 ± 0.96 landings are recorded in still air. Furthermore, 1.45 ± 0.31mosquitoes are recorded on beads at any one time in moving air (a measure of individuals landing versus one landing multiple times) compared to 3.10 ± 0.31 in still air. Upwind flight to beads in moving air is demonstrated by angular headings of flight immediately prior to landing, whereas approaches to beads in still air are oriented randomly. The mean latency until first landing is 226.7 ± 17.98 s in moving air compared to 122.5 ± 24.18 in still air. Strategies used to locate a prospective host at close range in still air are considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Emerson S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Ring T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Cardé
keywords: Anemotaxis; klinotaxis; orientation; static-air olfactometer; wind tunnel