title: Degradation of oxcarbazepine by UV-activated persulfate oxidation: kinetics, mechanisms, and pathways.
abstract: The degradation kinetics and mechanism of the antiepileptic drug oxcarbazepine (OXC) by UV-activated persulfate oxidation were investigated in this study. Results showed that UV/persulfate (UV/PS) process appeared to be more effective in degrading OXC than UV or PS alone. The OXC degradation exhibited a pseudo-first order kinetics pattern and the degradation rate constants (k obs) were affected by initial OXC concentration, PS dosage, initial pH, and humic acid concentration to different degrees. It was found that low initial OXC concentration, high persulfate dosage, and initial pH enhanced the OXC degradation. Additionally, the presence of humic acid in the solution could greatly inhibit the degradation of OXC. Moreover, hydroxyl radical (OH•) and sulfate radical (SO4 (-)••) were identified to be responsible for OXC degradation and SO4 (-)• made the predominant contribution in this study. Finally, major intermediate products were identified and a preliminary degradation pathway was proposed. Results demonstrated that UV/PS system is a potential technology to control the water pollution caused by emerging contaminants such as OXC.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lingjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China. sqzhouwater@163.com.
authors.forename: Shiqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China. szhou04@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guangchao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qihang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Naiyun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000737:chemistry; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010782:Photolysis; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D013431:Sulfates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C069025:sulfate radical; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D002220:Carbamazepine; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine
keywords: Kinetics; Oxcarbazepine; Oxidation; Pathway; Sulfate radical