title: It's Not My Place: Formative Evaluation Research to Design a Bystander Intervention Campaign.
abstract: Sexual misconduct remains a problem on college campuses despite years of documentation and research, and program development and implementation. The purpose of this study was to conduct systematic theory-based formative audience research to understand how college women and men make meaning of sexual assault and bystander intervention. A total of 69 men and women aged 18 to 24 years participated in eight gender-specific focus group discussions. A grounded theory approach was used to identify patterns and themes across the data. Themes emerging from the data included the following: (a) female participants' experiences of sexism and misogyny, (b) the myth that rape is falsely reported, (c) complex understandings of consent and entitlement, (d) the reluctance to stop someone from having a "good time," (e) the role of alcohol as a moderating factor in sexual misconduct and bystander intervention, and (f) preference for direct and impactful messaging. This study informs researchers and practitioners about college students' perceptions of, and experiences with, bystander intervention and sexual assault. Practitioners can use this information to develop effective mixed media, campus-wide social marketing campaigns.
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: DeMaria
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sundstrom
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grzejdziak
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.affiliation: 2 Medical University of South Carolina, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Colby
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gabel
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Jeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabot
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology; D012107:Research Design; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012941:Social Responsibility; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: bystander intervention; qualitative; sexual assault