title: Caesarean births among migrant women in high-income countries.
abstract: High caesarean birth rates among migrant women living in high-income countries are of concern. Women from sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia consistently show overall higher rates compared with non-migrant women, whereas women from Latin America and North Africa/Middle East consistently show higher rates of emergency caesarean. Higher rates are more common with emergency caesareans than with planned caesareans. Evidence regarding risk factors among migrant women for undergoing a caesarean birth is lacking. Research suggests that pathways leading to caesarean births in migrants are complex, and they are likely to involve a combination of factors related to migrant women's physical and psychological health, their social and cultural context and the quality of their maternity care. Migration factors, including length of time in receiving country and migration classification, have an influence on delivery outcome; however, their effects appear to differ by women's country/region of origin.
authors.affiliation: Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: Lisa.Merry@mail.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Merry
authors.affiliation: Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Women's Health, Department for Women and Children's Health, Women and Children's Division, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Siri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vangen
authors.affiliation: Judith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Small
mesh_terms: D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D065246:Culturally Competent Care; D019049:Developed Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003906:Developing Countries; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: caesarean; immigrant; migration; practice guideline; refugee; risk factors