title: Circulating Stem Cells Associate With Adiposity and Future Metabolic Deterioration in Healthy Subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity and metabolic syndrome are associated with mild leukocytosis, but whether hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) play a role in metabolic deterioration is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to analyze the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between CD34(+) HSPCs, adiposity, and metabolic syndrome features.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional study on 242 participants, 155 of whom were followed and included in a longitudinal assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study took place in a tertiary referral center for metabolic diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy working individuals attending a cardiovascular screening program (total n = 3158) and having a baseline measure of circulating CD34(+) cells participated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected demographic and anthropometric data, cardiovascular risk factors, and metabolic syndrome parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants (34.7% males, mean age 45.9 ± 0.5 years) were free from diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Cross-sectionally, absolute CD34(+) cell counts were directly correlated with body mass index and waist circumference, inversely correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and were higher in individuals with the metabolic syndrome. The hematopoietic component contributed most to the association of CD34(+) cells with adiposity. During a 6.3-year follow-up, high absolute levels of CD34(+) cells were associated with increasing waist circumference, declining quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and with incidence of metabolic syndrome. Relative CD34(+) cell counts showed weaker associations with metabolic parameters than absolute levels, but were longitudinally associated with increasing waist circumference and metabolic syndrome development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A mild elevation of circulating CD34(+) progenitor cells, reflecting expansion of HSPCs, is associated with adiposity and future metabolic deterioration in healthy individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gian Paolo
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Fadini
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Benedetta Maria
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bonora
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcuzzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marescotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cappellari
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pantano
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Colomba
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sanzari
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vendrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plebani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (G.P.F., B.M.B., M.C.M., R.C., G.P., M.C.S., M.P., A.A.), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (G.P.F., X.D., A.A.), 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences (G.M.), Service of Preventive Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) (X.D., J.V.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Joan XXIII University Hospital (J.V.), Rovira i Virgili University IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avogaro
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000097:blood; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013234:Stem Cells
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34