title: The nuclear pore complex acts as a master switch for nuclear and cell differentiation.
abstract: Cell differentiation is associated with the functional differentiation of the nucleus, in which alteration of the expression profiles of transcription factors occurs to destine cell fate. Nuclear transport machineries, such as importin-α, have also been reported as critical factors that induce cell differentiation. Using various fluorescence live cell imaging methods, including time-lapse imaging, FRAP analysis and live-cell imaging associated correlative light and electron microscopy (Live CLEM) of Tetrahymena, a unicellular ciliated protozoan, we have recently discovered that type switching of the NPC is the earliest detectable event of nuclear differentiation. Our studies suggest that this type switching of the NPC directs the fate of the nucleus to differentiate into either a macronucleus or a micronucleus. Our findings in this organism may provide new insights into the role of the NPC in controlling nuclear functions in general in eukaryotes, including controlling cell fate leading to cell differentiation in multicellular metazoa.
authors.affiliation: Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe; National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) ; Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe; National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) ; Kobe, Japan ; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences; Osaka University; Suita, Japan ; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University ; Toyonaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.affiliation: Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe; National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) ; Kobe, Japan ; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences; Osaka University; Suita, Japan ; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University ; Toyonaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tokuko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haraguchi
keywords: Tetrahymena thermophila; ciliate; germline; nuclear differentiation; nuclear pore complex; soma