title: Zero-valent iron doped carbons readily developed from sewage sludge for lead removal from aqueous solution.
abstract: Low-cost but high-efficiency composites of iron-containing porous carbons were prepared using sewage sludge and ferric salts as raw materials. Unlike previous time- and energy-consuming manufacturing procedures, this study shows that pyrolyzing a mixture of sludge and ferric salt can produce suitable composites for lead adsorption. The specific surface area, the total pore volume and the average pore width of the optimal composite were 321m(2)/g, 0.25cm(3)/g, and 3.17nm, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that ferric salt favored the formation of metallic iron, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the formation of hydroxyl and carboxylic groups. The result of batch tests indicated that the adsorption capacity of carbons activated with ferric salt could be as high as 128.9mg/g, while that of carbons without activation was 79.1mg/g. The new manufacturing procedure used in this study could save at least 19.5kJ of energy per gram of activated carbon.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, China. Electronic address: su_yi_ming@126.com.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoya
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, China.
authors.forename: Xuefei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, China; College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address: daichaomeng@163.com.
authors.forename: Chaomeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment for Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address: zhangyalei@tongji.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yalei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D012492:Salts; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002606:Charcoal; D007854:Lead; D002244:Carbon; D007501:Iron
keywords: Adsorption; Energy-saving; Iron-containing porous carbon; Lead; Sludge