title: Influence of statins on distinct circulating microRNAs during prolonged aerobic exercise.
abstract: Statins exacerbate exercise-induced skeletal muscle injury. Muscle-specific microRNAs (myomiRs) increase in plasma after prolonged exercise, but the patterns of myomiRs release after statin-associated muscle injury have not been examined. We examined the relationships between statin exposure, in vitro and in vivo muscle contraction, and expression of candidate circulating myomiRs. We measured plasma levels of myomiRs, circulating microRNA-1 (c-miR-1), c-miR-133a, c-miR-206, and c-miR-499-5p from 28 statin-using and 28 nonstatin-using runners before (PRE), immediately after (FINISH), and 24 h after they ran a 42-km footrace (the 2011 Boston marathon) (POST-24). To examine these cellular-regulation myomiRs, we used contracting mouse C2C12 myotubes in culture with and without statin exposure to compare intracellular and extracellular expression of these molecules. In marathoners, c-miR-1, c-miR-133a, and c-miR-206 increased at FINISH, returned to baseline at POST-24, and were unaffected by statin use. In contrast, c-miR-499-5p was unchanged at FINISH but increased at POST-24 among statin users compared with PRE and runners who did not take statins. In cultured C2C12 myotubes, extracellular c-miR-1, c-miR-133a, and c-miR-206 were significantly increased by muscle contraction regardless of statin use. In contrast, extracellular miR-499-5p was unaffected by either isolated statin exposure or isolated carbachol exposure but it was increased when muscle contraction was combined with statin exposure. In summary, we found that statin-potentiated muscle injury during exercise is accompanied by augmented extracellular release of miR-499-5p. Thus c-miR-499-5p may serve as a biomarker of statin-potentiated muscle damage.
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Pil-Ki
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.affiliation: Henry Low Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut;
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Henry Low Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut;
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Boston Athletic Association, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Troyanos
authors.affiliation: Boston Athletic Association, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: D'Hemecourt
authors.affiliation: Boston Athletic Association, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; chansy@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Boston Athletic Association, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Aaron L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Baggish
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: exercise; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors; microRNAs; muscle contraction; skeletal muscle