title: Healthy urban environments for children and young people: A systematic review of intervention studies.
abstract: This systematic review collates, and presents as a narrative synthesis, evidence from interventions which included changes to the urban environment and reported at least one health behaviour or outcome for children and young people. Following a comprehensive search of six databases, 33 primary studies relating to 27 urban environment interventions were included. The majority of interventions related to active travel. Others included park and playground renovations, road traffic safety, and multi-component community-based initiatives. Public health evidence for effectiveness of such interventions is often weak because study designs tend to be opportunistic, non-randomised, use subjective outcome measures, and do not incorporate follow-up of study participants. However, there is some evidence of potential health benefits to children and young people from urban environment interventions relating to road safety and active travel, with evidence of promise for a multi-component obesity prevention initiative. Future research requires more robust study designs incorporating objective outcome measures.
authors.affiliation: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Suzanne.Audrey@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Audrey
authors.affiliation: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Harriet.Batista@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Batista-Ferrer
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004779:Environment Design; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D014504:Urban Health
keywords: Children; Health outcomes; Systematic review; Urban environment; Young people