title: Divergent endometrial inflammatory cytokine expression at peri-implantation period and after the stimulation by copper intrauterine device.
abstract: Endometrial inflammation has contradictory effects. The one occurring at peri-implantation period is favourable for embryo implantation, whereas the other occurring after the stimulation by copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) prevents from embryo implantation. In this study, 8 week female ICR mice were used to investigate the endometrial inflammation, in which they were at proestrus stage (Group 1), at peri-implantation period (Group 2), and had a copper wire implanted into right uterine horn (Group 3). Cytokine array revealed that two cytokines were highly expressed in Group 2 and Group 3 as compared with Group 1, and seven cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), had selectively strong expression in Group 3. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated prominent TNF-α staining on the endometrium after Cu-IUD stimulation, and in vitro culture of human endometrial glandular cells with Cu induced TNF-α secretion. The increased TNF-α concentration enhanced in vitro THP-1 cells chemotaxis, and reduced embryo implantation rates. These results suggest that inflammatory cytokine profiles of endometrium are different between those at peri-implantation period and after Cu-IUD stimulation, and TNF-α is the one with selectively strong expression in the latter. It might account for the contradictory biological effects of endometrial inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shee-Uan
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Tung
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Shun
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.|Research Centre for Development Biology &Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Nien
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Shih
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jehn-Hsiahn
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003300:Copper