title: Grape Juice as a Bait for Anastrepha suspensa (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae).
abstract: In field tests conducted in south Florida to test grape juice as a bait for the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa Loew, high numbers of Zaprionus indianus Gupta were captured in traps with aqueous grape juice. These experiments included comparisons of grape juice bait with established A. suspensa protein-based baits (ammonium acetate + putrescine lures, or torula yeast) or wine, a bait found previously to be attractive to Z. indianus. Effects of different preservatives (polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, proxel, or sodium tetraborate) and bait age were also tested. Traps with grape juice baits captured more A. suspensa than unbaited traps, but more were captured in traps with grape juice plus preservative baits and the highest numbers were captured in traps containing the established protein-based baits. In contrast, grape juice baits without preservative that were prepared on the day of deployment (0 d) or that were aged for 3-4 d in the laboratory captured the highest numbers of Z. indianus, while solutions that were aged in the laboratory for 6 or 9 d captured fewer. Although these studies found that aqueous grape juice is a poor bait for A. suspensa, we found that actively fermenting aqueous grape juice may be an effective bait for Z. indianus.
authors.affiliation: USDA/ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158. nancy.epsky@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Nancy D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Epsky
authors.affiliation: USDA/ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158.
authors.forename: Micah A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.affiliation: USDA/ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mangan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002633:Chemotaxis; D018428:Drosophilidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis*; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010675:Pheromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010675:Pheromones; C010411:insect attractants
keywords: attractant; bait; fruit fly; trapping