title: Mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in the terrestrial environment: Adsorption kinetics of the macrocyclic lactone eprinomectin in soils.
abstract: Avermectins, such as eprinomectin (EPM), are antiparasitic drugs widely and globally used. There is undisputed evidence that they could be a threat for the terrestrial ecosystem. Despite their global use, data for avermectins behaviour and fate in soils are scarce. The objectives of this research were to conduct adsorption experiments in the soil to determine kinetics and isotherms as well as to explore the EPM adsorption mechanism. Accordingly, various models were employed to study the adsorption behaviour and kinetics as well as the adsorption mechanism of EPM in soils. The results showed that the degree of EPM adsorption to soils is determined by the soils' physicochemical properties and the EPM initial concentration. It is possible that dissolved EPM concentration will be higher in soils that contain low amounts of clay minerals and organic matter, resulting in higher toxicity risk for the soil biota and shallow groundwater aquifers contamination. The results of this study are crucial for impact assessment of EPM and in the design of environmental fate or ecotoxicological studies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecology and Protection of the Environment, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: vlitskas@vet.auth.gr.
authors.forename: Litskas D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Vassilis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Batzias C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of General and Agricultural Hydraulics and Land Reclamation, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Paraskevas G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Charalampos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Pavlatou-Ve
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Athina
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecology and Protection of the Environment, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Karamanlis N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Xanthippos
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D000077215:Clay; D017753:Ecosystem; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007559:Ivermectin; C101434:eprinomectin; D000077215:Clay
keywords: Adsorption; Avermectins; Isotherms; Kinetics; Veterinary drugs