title: Binding-Induced DNA Nanomachines Triggered by Proteins and Nucleic Acids.
abstract: We introduce the concept and operation of a binding-induced DNA nanomachine that can be activated by proteins and nucleic acids. This new type of nanomachine harnesses specific target binding to trigger assembly of separate DNA components that are otherwise unable to spontaneously assemble. Three-dimensional DNA tracks of high density are constructed on gold nanoparticles functionalized with hundreds of single-stranded oligonucleotides and tens of an affinity ligand. A DNA swing arm, free in solution, is linked to a second affinity ligand. Binding of a target molecule to the two ligands brings the swing arm to AuNP and initiates autonomous, stepwise movement of the swing arm around the AuNP surface. The movement of the swing arm, powered by enzymatic cleavage of conjugated oligonucleotides, cleaves hundreds of oligonucleotides in response to a single binding event. We demonstrate three nanomachines that are specifically activated by streptavidin, platelet-derived growth factor, and the Smallpox gene. Substituting the ligands enables the nanomachine to respond to other molecules. The new nanomachines have several unique and advantageous features over DNA nanomachines that rely on DNA self-assembly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3 (Canada). hongquan@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Hongquan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058 (China).
authors.forename: Maode
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3 (Canada).
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuehlke
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3 (Canada).
authors.forename: Hanyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3 (Canada).
authors.forename: Xing-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2G3 (Canada). xc.le@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: X Chris
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Le
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA
keywords: DNA assembly; DNA nanomachines; gold nanoparticles; proteins