title: Strontium incorporation to optimize the antibacterial and biological characteristics of silver-substituted hydroxyapatite coating.
abstract: Infection in primary total joint prostheses is attracting considerable attention. In this study, silver (Ag) was incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HA) using a hydrothermal method in order to improve its antimicrobial properties. Strontium (Sr) was added as a second binary element to improve the biocompatibility. The substituted HA samples were fixed on titanium (Ti) substrates by dopamine-assisted immobilization in order to evaluate their antibacterial and biological properties. The results showed that Ag and Sr were successfully incorporated into HA without affecting their crystallinity. Further, the antibacterial tests showed that all the Ag-substituted samples had good anti-bacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Despite their good antibacterial ability, the Ag-substituted samples showed evidence of cytotoxicity on MG63 cells, characterized by low cell density and poor spreadability. The addition of Sr to the Ag-substituted samples considerably reduced the cytotoxicity of Ag. Although the viability of the cells grown on the surfaces of co-substituted HA was not as high as that of the cells grown on the HA surfaces, it is believed that excellent antibacterial properties and good biological activity can be achieved by balancing the dosage of Sr and Ag.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Zhenduo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: zyli@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhaoyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Shengli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Yanqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Yunde
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Renfeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: xjyang@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xianjin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013324:Strontium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007477:Ions; D012834:Silver; D017886:Durapatite; D013324:Strontium
keywords: Antibacterial; Ion-substituted hydroxyapatite; Silver; Strontium; Titanium