title: Depolymerization of lignosulfonates by submerged cultures of the basidiomycete Irpex consors and cloning of a putative versatile peroxidase.
abstract: Lignosulfonates are abundantly available byproducts of the paper and pulping industry, and they therefore represent a promising feedstock for new sustainable processes. For industrial applications of lignosulfonates, their molecular weight distribution is a critical factor. In order to decrease the average molecular weight of lignosulfonates, Seventeen basidiomycetes were screened for their capability to depolymerize lignosulfonates from spent sulfite liquor (SSL) in surface and liquid cultures. Five basidiomycetes polymerized the lignosulfonates under the selected conditions. Only Irpex consors was found to efficiently degrade calcium lignosulfonates when SSL (0.5%, w/w) was used as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. The average molecular weight of the lignosulfonates was reduced from ∼26 to ∼4 kDa as determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) within two weeks. Various extracellular enzyme activities of I. consors were determined over the culture period. High peroxidase activities were correlating with a high degradation rate and the culture was harvested at the day of highest peroxidase activity. A putative versatile peroxidase was isolated by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and its encoding cDNA was cloned.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imami
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riemer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amelung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstraße 60, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gorshkov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rühl
authors.affiliation: BASF SE, G-EVX/LAD-G100, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ammenn
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: holger.zorn@uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zorn
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001709:Biotechnology; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D008031:Lignin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D058105:Polymerization; D011124:Polyporaceae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; C001545:lignosulfuric acid; D008031:Lignin; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: Basidiomycete; Depolymerization; Lignosulfonates; Spent sulfite liquor; Versatile peroxidase