title: How Work Organization Affects the Prevalence of WMSDs: A Case-control Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed at exploring the association between work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and work organization based on a case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1938 workers who claimed to suffer from WMSDs were selected from Beijing, Henan, Hubei, and the Guangdong province. The control group consisted of 2009 workers employed in similar industries without severe disease or musculoskeletal discomforts. We used a modified version of the questionnaire developed by the NMQ and the DMQ to investigate individual and work-related factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 13 variables (P<0.1) were selected by the chi-square test and finally, 7 variables entered into the equation, with 6 variables reaching statistical significance (P<0.05). The odds ratios (OR) of 'work changing with season' and 'sufficient rest time' did not reach 1 (0.749 and 0.441, respectively). In addition, 'sufficient rest time' seemed to be the stronger protective factor according to its higher standardized coefficient. And 'repetitive work every minute', 'constantly repetitive work' (every day), 'shortage of site personnel', and 'often switching shifts with others' seemed to be the risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Work organization may have comprehensive effects on the occurrence of WMSDs. This pattern of associations suggests that further investigation into the mechanism of how work organization affects the prevalence of WMSDs is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Foshan Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Song Gen
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety, Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection, Beijing 100054, China.
authors.forename: Shi Chuan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Li Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Science, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Ze Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Occupational Medicine for Chemical Industry, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Jing Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Henan Provincial Institute for Occupational Health, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Shan Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health Protection, Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Zhong Xu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003710:Demography; D006804:Ergonomics / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D017132:Workplace / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Case-control study; Prevalence; Risk factors; WMSDs; Work organization