title: Advance on the Flavonoid C-glycosides and Health Benefits.
abstract: The dietary flavonoids, especially their glycosides, are the most vital phytochemicals in diets and are of great general interest due to their diverse bioactivity. Almost all natural flavonoids exist as their O-glycoside or C-glycoside forms in plants. The dietary flavonoid C-glycosides have received less attention than their corresponding O-glycosides. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding flavonoid C-glycosides and their influence on human health. Among the flavonoid C-glycosides, flavone C-glycosides, especially vitexin, isoorientin, orientin, isovitexin and their multiglycosides are more frequently mentioned than others. Flavonoid C-monoglycosides are poorly absorbed in human beings with very few metabolites in urine and blood and are deglycosylated and degraded by human intestinal bacteria in colon. However, flavonoid C-multiglycosides are absorbed unchanged in the intestine and distributed to other tissues. Flavonoid C-glycosides showed significant antioxidant activity, anticancer and antitumor activity, hepatoprotective activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-diabetes activity, antiviral activity, antibacterial and antifungal activity, and other biological effects. It looks like that the C-glycosylflavonoids in most cases showed higher antioxidant and anti-diabetes potential than their corresponding O-glycosylflavonoids and aglycones. However, there is a lack of in vivo data on the biological benefits of flavonoid C-glycosides. It is necessary to investigate more on how flavonoid C-glycosides prevent and handle the diseases.
authors.affiliation: a College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China.|b Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau , Taipa , Macau.
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: c Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Istanbul Technical University , Maslak, Istanbul , Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Capanoglu
authors.affiliation: d Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jassbi
authors.affiliation: e Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa - Iasi , Iasi , Romania.
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miron
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006027:Glycosides; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; C438934:C-glycoside; D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D009005:Monosaccharides; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
keywords: Flavonoid C-glycosides; absorption; biological benefits; stability