title: Cancer in the HIV-Infected Host: Epidemiology and Pathogenesis in the Antiretroviral Era.
abstract: Cancer and HIV are inextricably linked. Although the advent of antiretroviral therapy has led to a marked decline in the incidence of malignancies classically linked to immunosuppression (AIDS-defining malignancies, or ADMs), this decrease has been accompanied by a concomitant rise in the incidence of other malignancies (non-AIDS-defining malignancies, or NADMs). Population-based cancer registries provide key information about cancer epidemiology in people living with HIV (PLWH) within resource-rich countries. The risk for NADMs is elevated in PLWH compared with the general population, particularly for lung and anal cancers. Contributory factors include tobacco use, coinfection with oncogenic viruses such as human papillomavirus, and potentially direct effects of HIV itself. Data from resource-poor countries are limited and highlight the need for more studies in countries where the majority of PLWH reside. Strategies for early cancer detection and/or prevention are necessary in PLWH.
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco, Box 0654, 513 Parnassus Ave, Medical Science Room 420E, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Cristina.Brickman@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brickman
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco, Box 0654, 513 Parnassus Ave, Medical Science Room 420E, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Joel.Palefsky@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Palefsky
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: AIDS-defining malignancy; Cancer; HIV; Incidence; Incidence trends; Non-AIDS-defining malignancy; Pathogenesis; Survival