title: Callose synthesis during reproductive development in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants.
abstract: Callose, a linear β-1,3-glucan molecule, plays important roles in a variety of processes in angiosperms, including development and the response to biotic and abiotic stress. Despite the importance of callose deposition, our understanding of the roles of callose in rice reproductive development and the regulation of callose biosynthesis is limited. GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE genes encode callose synthases (GSLs), which function in the production of callose at diverse sites in plants. Studies have shown that callose participated in plant reproductive development, and that the timely deposition and degradation of callose were essential for normal male gametophyte development. In this mini-review, we described conserved sequences found in GSL family proteins from monocotyledonous (Oryza sativa and Zea mays) and dicotyledonous (Arabidopsis thaliana and Glycine max) plants. We also describe the latest findings on callose biosynthesis and deposition during reproductive development and discuss future challenges in unraveling the mechanism of callose synthesis and deposition in higher plants.
authors.affiliation: a Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Gene Improvement; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: a Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Gene Improvement; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: a Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Gene Improvement; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ; Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Tie-gang
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005936:Glucans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; C048306:callose; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C020570:1,3-beta-glucan synthase
keywords: GSL; callose; callose biosynthesis; callose deposition; higher plants; male gametophyte development; reproductive development