title: Application of bacteriophages in sensor development.
abstract: Bacteriophage-based bioassays are a promising alternative to traditional antibody-based immunoassays. Bacteriophages, shortened to phages, can be easily conjugated or genetically engineered. Phages are robust, ubiquitous in nature, and harmless to humans. Notably, phages do not usually require inoculation and killing of animals; and thus, the production of phages is simple and economical. In recent years, phage-based biosensors have been developed featuring excellent robustness, sensitivity, and selectivity in combination with the ease of integration into transduction devices. This review provides a critical overview of phage-based bioassays and biosensors developed in the last few years using different interrogation methods such as colorimetric, enzymatic, fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance, quartz crystal microbalance, magnetoelastic, Raman, or electrochemical techniques.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peltomaa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: López-Perolio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. elenabp@quim.ucm.es.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benito-Peña
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. rbarderas@quim.ucm.es.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barderas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Cruz
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Moreno-Bondi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D061505:Cell Surface Display Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D014159:Transducers
keywords: Bacteriophage; Biorecognition element; Biosensing; Biosensor; Phage display technology