title: Serum Trace Element Concentrations in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a condition that is associated with oxidative stress. Serum trace elements and their related transport proteins, e.g., albumin and ceruloplasmin, play an important role in the antioxidant defense. Trace element status may therefore be involved in the pathogenesis of RA or be affected by the disease activity of this chronic inflammatory condition. The study participants were 110 patients with RA and 100 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. Serum concentrations of albumin, ceruloplasmin, selenium, zinc, copper, and zinc/copper ratio were measured in all subjects. The relationship between these parameters and disease activity score was also assessed. Lower concentrations of serum Alb, Zn, and Se were independently related to disease activity index. High concentrations of serum copper were associated with the presence of RA. Serum Cu concentrations were positively related to disease activity as assessed by the disease activity score. Low serum concentrations of Zn and Se, and high serum Cu concentrations may be associated with the presence of RA or be a consequence of this condition. Of the trace elements that were investigated in the present study, only serum Cu was positively correlated with disease activity.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahebari
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Razie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ayati
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Amirhossein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sahebkar
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Sepideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hejazi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saghafi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Nayyereh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saadati
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Education, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK.
authors.forename: Gordon A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ferns
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, 99199-91766. ghayourm@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghayour-Mobarhan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Albumin; Ceruloplasmin; Copper; DAS28ESR; Rheumatoid arthritis; Selenium; Trace elements; Zinc; Zinc to copper ratio