title: Assessment of murine collagen-induced arthritis by longitudinal non-invasive duplexed molecular optical imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study we evaluated the use of four commercially available fluorescent probes to monitor disease activity in murine CIA and its suppression during glucocorticoid therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arthritis was induced in male DBA/1 mice by immunization with type II collagen in Complete Freund's Adjuvant, followed by a boost of collagen in PBS. Four fluorescent probes from PerkinElmer in combination [ProSense 750 fluorescent activatable sensor technology (FAST) with Neutrophil Elastase 680 FAST and MMPSense 750 FAST with CatK 680 FAST] were used to monitor disease development from day 5 through to day 40 post-immunization. Fluorescence generated in vivo by the probes was correlated with clinical and histological score and paw measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fluorescence intensity emitted by each probe was shown to correlate with the conventional measurements of disease. The highest degree of correlation was observed with ProSense 750 FAST in combination with Neutrophil Elastase 680 FAST; these probes were then used to successfully assess CIA suppression during dexamethasone treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated that longitudinal non-invasive duplexed optical fluorescence imaging provides a simple assessment of arthritic disease activity within the joints of mice following the induction of CIA and may represent a powerful tool to monitor the efficacy of drug treatments in preclinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, MD Biosciences.
authors.forename: Hannah E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Scales
authors.affiliation: MD Biosciences.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ierna
authors.affiliation: MD Biosciences.
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK and.
authors.forename: Kirsty
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: MD Biosciences.
authors.forename: Gordon R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Meiklejohn
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: Janet C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Patterson-Kane
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: Iain B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: McInnes
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garside
authors.affiliation: Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy Pasquale.Maffia@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maffia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003094:Collagen
keywords: CatK 680 FAST; MMPSense 750 FAST; ProSense 750 FAST; collagen-induced arthritis; dexamethasone; neutrophil elastase 680 FAST; optical imaging