title: Dexmedetomidine decreases the emergence agitation in infant patients undergoing cleft palate repair surgery after general anesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine whether continuous intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) can affect the incidence of Emergence Agitation (EA) after general anesthesia in infant undergoing cleft palate repair surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty infants underwent cleft palate repair surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into the DEX (D) group and Placebo (P) groups. Patients in group D received continuous intravenous infusion of DEX 0.8 μg · kg-1 · min-1 after the induction. Patients in group P were administered with continuous intravenous infusion of the equivalent volume of normal saline. Both groups were induced with fentanyl 0.005 mg/Kg, propofol 2 mg/Kg and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/Kg. Anaesthesia was maintained with continuous intravenous infusion of propofol (2 mg/Kg · h), remifentanil (0.1 μg/Kg · h), and inhalation of 1 to 3 % sevoflurane.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The heart rate (HR) in group P was significant higher than that in group D at the time of operation (P < 0.05), postoperative 15 min, 30 min and the time of extubation (P < 0.01). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) in group P was higher comparing with MAP in group D at the time of extubation (P < 0.05). The spontaneous eye opening times and spontaneous arm or leg motion times were longer in group D (P < 0.05). The mean agitation scores of patients in group D were significantly lower than that in group P (P < 0.01). However, the incidence of EA in group P and group D was 90 % and 15 % (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The continuous intravenous infusion of DEX after induction could significantly reduce the occurrence of EA.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The Chinese Clinical Trial Register ChiCTR-TRC-13003865.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, No. 237 Luoyu Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China. weipeng9512@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, No. 237 Luoyu Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China. tiejunzhang23@yeah.net.
authors.forename: TieJun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives