title: Sexual selection drives asymmetric introgression in wall lizards.
abstract: Hybridisation is increasingly recognised as an important cause of diversification and adaptation. Here, we show how divergence in male secondary sexual characters between two lineages of the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) gives rise to strong asymmetries in male competitive ability and mating success, resulting in asymmetric hybridisation upon secondary contact. Combined with no negative effects of hybridisation on survival or reproductive characters in F1-hybrids, these results suggest that introgression should be asymmetric, resulting in the displacement of sexual characters of the sub-dominant lineage. This prediction was confirmed in two types of secondary contact, across a natural contact zone and in two introduced populations. Our study illustrates how divergence in sexually selected traits via male competition can determine the direction and extent of introgression, contributing to geographic patterns of genetic and phenotypic diversity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
authors.forename: Geoffrey M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: While
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Sozos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michaelides
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
authors.forename: Robert J P
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heathcote
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
authors.forename: Hannah E A
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: MacGregor
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zajac
authors.affiliation: Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
authors.forename: Joscha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beninde
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Pau
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carazo
authors.affiliation: CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Vila do Conde, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Guillem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pérez I de Lanuza
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sacchi
authors.affiliation: Museum Natural History, University of Pisa, Calci (Pisa), Italy.
authors.forename: Marco A L
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zuffi
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Terézia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horváthová
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fresnillo
authors.affiliation: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN), Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schulte
authors.affiliation: Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veith
authors.affiliation: Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hochkirch
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005858:Germany; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D007558:Italy; D008116:Lizards / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D052586:Mating Preference, Animal; D012641:Selection, Genetic
keywords: Female choice; hybridisation; introgression; lizards; male-male competition