title: Ozone Therapy in Ethidium Bromide-Induced Demyelination in Rats: Possible Protective Effect.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, is characterized by excessive demyelination. The study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of ozone (O3) therapy in ethidium bromide (EB)-induced demyelination in rats either alone or in combination with corticosteroids in order to decrease the dose of steroid therapy. Rats were divided into Group (1) normal control rats received saline, Group (2) Sham-operated rats received saline, Group (3) Sham-operated rats received vehicle (oxygen), Group (4) EB-treated rats received EB, Group (5) EB-treated rats received O3, Group (6) EB-treated rats received methylprednisolone (MP), and Group (7) EB-treated rats received half the dose of MP concomitant with O3. EB-treated rats showed a significant increase in the number of footfalls in the grid walk test, decreased brain GSH, and paraoxonase-1 enzyme activity, whereas brain MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, INF-γ, Cox-2 immunoreactivity, and p53 protein levels were increased. A significant decline in brain serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and MBP immunoreactivity was also reported. Significant improvement of the above-mentioned parameters was demonstrated with the administration of either MP or O3, whereas best amelioration was achieved by combining half the dose of MP with ozone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. dr_nsalem@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Neveen A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, MISR for Science and Technology University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Naglaa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Assaf
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Manal F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Yasser A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Khadrawy
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohga
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004996:Ethidium / Q000633:toxicity; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000494:pharmacology; D010126:Ozone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D010126:Ozone; D004996:Ethidium
keywords: Cox-2; Ethidium bromide; Methylprednisolone; Multiple sclerosis; Oxidative stress; Ozone; P53; Rat