title: Decreased miR-187 induces retinal ganglion cell apoptosis through upregulating SMAD7 in glaucoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are commonly experienced optic nerve diseases including glaucoma-induced injury that results in decrease of cell survival. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elaborated. This present study was to focus on the miR-187 and Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signal and investigated their roles in RGCs apoptosis and proliferation.
  
  
  METHODS
  RGC-5 retinal ganglion cell line was chose in present study and subjected to miR-187 mimic or inhibitor transfection. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry-based Annexin V-PI assay. Cell proliferation was examined using CCK-8. Protein levels of Smad2/3/7 were determined using western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  miR-187 negatively regulated cell survival via inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation. We observed that alteration expression of miR-187 is closely related to phosphorylation levels of Smad2 and Smad3. This correlation is associated with down-regulation of Smad7 induced by miR-187 via targeting Smad7 3'-UTR. From result of co-transfection of Smad7-plasmid and miR-187 mimic or siSmad7 and miR-187 inhibitor, we concluded that cell proliferation and apoptosis was mediated by miR-187/Smad7 axis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, cell internal signal transduction, miR-187 regulating Smad7 expression, plays a vital role in retinal ganglion cell survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, No. 1742, HuoLinHe Street, Tongliao, Neimenggu 028050, China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Li
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongliao City Hospital, No. 668, KeErQin Street, Tongliao, Neimenggu 028000, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infusion Center, The Children's Hospital of Changchun City, No.1321, Beian Road Kuancheng District, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, No. 1742, HuoLinHe Street, Tongliao, Neimenggu 028050, China. Electronic address: tiansyuan@163.com.
authors.forename: Shi-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, No. 1742, HuoLinHe Street, Tongliao, Neimenggu 028050, China. Electronic address: z_tianzi@163.com.
authors.forename: Tian-Zi
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; C000611991:MIRN187 microRNA, rat; D035683:MicroRNAs; D051906:Smad7 Protein; C497808:Smad7 protein, rat; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
keywords: CCK-8; RGC-5; Smad2; Smad3; TGF-β