title: The impact of red light running camera flashes on younger and older drivers' attention and oculomotor control.
abstract: Recent empirical evidence has suggested that the flashes associated with red light running cameras (RLRCs) distract younger drivers, pulling attention away from the roadway and delaying processing of safety-relevant events. Considering the perceptual and attentional declines that occur with age, older drivers may be especially susceptible to the distracting effects of RLRC flashes, particularly in situations in which the flash is more salient (a bright flash at night compared with the day). The current study examined how age and situational factors potentially influence attention capture by RLRC flashes using covert (cuing effects) and overt (eye movement) indices of capture. We manipulated the salience of the flash by varying its luminance and contrast with respect to the background of the driving scene (either day or night scenes). Results of 2 experiments suggest that simulated RLRC flashes capture observers' attention, but, surprisingly, no age differences in capture were observed. However, an analysis examining early and late eye movements revealed that older adults may have been strategically delaying their eye movements in order to avoid capture. Additionally, older adults took longer to disengage attention following capture, suggesting at least 1 age-related disadvantage in capture situations. Findings have theoretical implications for understanding age differences in attention capture, especially with respect to capture in real-world scenes, and inform future work that should examine how the distracting effects of RLRC flashes influence driver behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida State University.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida State University.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida State University.
authors.forename: Walter R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Boot
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida State University.
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Charness
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003116:Color; D003463:Cues; D003624:Darkness; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult