title: Cross-talk between a regulatory small RNA, cyclic-di-GMP signalling and flagellar regulator FlhDC for virulence and bacterial behaviours.
abstract: Dickeya dadantii is a globally dispersed phytopathogen which causes diseases on a wide range of host plants. This pathogen utilizes the type III secretion system (T3SS) to suppress host defense responses, and secretes pectate lyase (Pel) to degrade the plant cell wall. Although the regulatory small RNA (sRNA) RsmB, cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and flagellar regulator have been reported to affect the regulation of these two virulence factors or multiple cell behaviours such as motility and biofilm formation, the linkage between these regulatory components that coordinate the cell behaviours remain unclear. Here, we revealed a sophisticated regulatory network that connects the sRNA, c-di-GMP signalling and flagellar master regulator FlhDC. We propose multi-tiered regulatory mechanisms that link the FlhDC to the T3SS through three distinct pathways including the FlhDC-FliA-YcgR3937 pathway; the FlhDC-EcpC-RpoN-HrpL pathway; and the FlhDC-rsmB-RsmA-HrpL pathway. Among these, EcpC is the most dominant factor for FlhDC to positively regulate T3SS expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
authors.forename: Devanshi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khokhani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Fenghuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biener
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Koestler
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.|Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
authors.forename: Valerica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raicu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Chenyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sundin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
authors.forename: Ching-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005407:Flagella / Q000235:genetics*; D005408:Flagellin / Q000235:genetics*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases / Q000235:genetics; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D000069296:Type III Secretion Systems / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014675:Vegetables / Q000382:microbiology; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000069296:Type III Secretion Systems; D037521:Virulence Factors; D005408:Flagellin; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases; C023911:pectate lyase; D006152:Cyclic GMP