title: Structural Insights into Anthranilate Priming during Type II Polyketide Biosynthesis.
abstract: The incorporation of nonacetate starter units during type II polyketide biosynthesis helps diversify natural products. Currently, there are few enzymatic strategies for the incorporation of nonacetate starter units in type II polyketide synthase (PKS) pathways. Here we report the crystal structure of AuaEII, the anthranilate:CoA ligase responsible for the generation of anthraniloyl-CoA, which is used as a starter unit by a type II PKS in aurachin biosynthesis. We present structural and protein sequence comparisons to other aryl:CoA ligases. We also compare the AuaEII crystal structure to a model of a CoA ligase homologue, AuaE, which is present in the same gene cluster. AuaE is predicted to have the same fold as AuaEII, but instead of CoA ligation, AuaE catalyzes acyl transfer of anthranilate from anthraniloyl-CoA to the acyl carrier protein (ACP). Together, this work provides insight into the molecular basis for starter unit selection of anthranilate in type II PKS biosynthesis.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Stephanie S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: MyChi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Jesus F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Barajas
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Schaub
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University , Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University , Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pistorius
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University , Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Shiou-Chuan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D008958:Models, Molecular; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000737:chemistry*; D061065:Polyketides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D061065:Polyketides; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; C031385:anthranilic acid; D048630:Polyketide Synthases