title: Effects of a High-Protein/Low-Carbohydrate Diet versus a Standard Hypocaloric Diet on Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Role of a Genetic Variation in the rs9939609 FTO Gene Variant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The common polymorphism rs9939609 of the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene (FTO) has been linked to obesity. Our aim was to investigate its role in weight loss after the administration of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet compared to a standard hypocaloric diet (1,000 kcal/day).
  
  
  METHODS
  During 9 months, 195 patients were randomly allocated to a high-protein hypocaloric diet (HP diet) and a standard hypocaloric diet (S diet).
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the HP diet, BMI (-1.9 ± 1.2 vs. -2.10 ± 1.8; p < 0.05), weight (-6.5 ± 2.1 vs. -10.1 ± 4.1 kg; p < 0.05), fat mass (-3.9 ± 3.2 vs. -6.0 ± 3.4 kg; p < 0.05) and waist circumference (-5.7 ± 5.0 vs. -9.9 ± 5.5 cm; p < 0.05) decreased in both genotype groups (TT vs. AT + AA). With the S diet, BMI (-0.9 ± 1.1 vs. -1.8 ± 1.2; p < 0.05), weight (-3.2 ± 3.0 vs. -9.1 ± 3.6 kg; p < 0.05), fat mass (-3.0 ± 3.1 vs. -5.2 ± 3.1 kg; p < 0.05) and waist circumference (-3.1 ± 4.0 vs. -8.1 ± 4.9 cm; p < 0.05) decreased in both genotype groups. With the HP diet and in both genotype groups, glucose, insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) decreased. With the S diet, total cholesterol and LDL decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight loss was better in A allele carriers than noncarriers, and metabolic improvement was better with the HP diet.
authors.affiliation: Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clx00ED;nico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel Antonio
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: de Luis
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aller
authors.forename: Olatz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Izaola
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Primo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urdiales
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins