title: A primary standard for the measurement of alpha and beta particle surface emission rate from large area reference sources.
abstract: A large area windowless gas flow multi wire proportional counting system for the calibration of large area reference sources has been developed as a primary standard at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). The counting system consists of a multi wire proportional counter (MWPC), vacuum system, gas flow system and pulse processing units. The MWPC detector assembly consists of a vacuum tight aluminum enclosure, multi wire grid and sliding source tray. Various detector characteristics like operating characteristics curve, Fe-55 spectrum for beta discriminator threshold setting and dead time of the measurement system were studied and determined in order to achieve an optimized detection capability. The surface emission rates of different source strengths were measured and their relative combined standard uncertainties were determined. Large Area Sources Comparison Exercise (LASCE) was organized by International Committee on Radionuclide Metrology (ICRM) working group and coordinated by National Institute for Ionising Radiation Metrology (ENEA), Italy, to demonstrate equivalence of surface emission rate measurements at the international platform. BARC participated in the programme and the results of LASCE are also discussed in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Standards Section, Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. Electronic address: anur@barc.gov.in.
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravindra
authors.affiliation: Radiation Standards Section, Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Radiation Standards Section, Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.affiliation: Radiation Standards Section, Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Radiation Standards Section, Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
authors.forename: D A R
authors.initials: DAR
authors.lastname: Babu
keywords: Large area reference source; Primary standard; Surface emission rate; Window less multi wire proportional counter