title: Pathologies of the oral cavity in patients with non-controlled diabetes type 1 and type 2--analysis of periodontal status and periodontal treatment needs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Decompensated diabetes is a major risk factor in the development of periodontal diseases. This leads to disturbances of carbohydrates, protein, and fat and morphological changes in many organs. These changes also apply to the masticatory system, especially periodontal tissues. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal status and periodontal treatment needs in patients with non-controlled diabetes type 1 and type 2 (HbA1c > 7%), and to compare the results with the data obtained in a group of generally healthy patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 275 patients, 155 of them were patients with non-controlled diabetes during hospitalisation (study group), while 120 subjects constituted the control group of healthy people. The study excluded edentulous people. CPITN index (according to Ainamo et al.) was used to assess the periodontal state and periodontal treatment needs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average level of glycated haemoglobin HbA1C among patients in the study group was 9.43% in women and slightly more at 9.57% in men. The periodontal status in healthy people was satisfactory, dominated by the maximum values of CPITN = 0, CPITN = 1, and CPITN = 2. The study group more frequently revealed the maximum values of CPITN = 3 and CPITN = 4. This shows the more advanced periodontal changes in this group. Due to the bad condition of the periodontium, the periodontal treatment needs proved to be far greater in the study group and related primarily to comprehensive specialist treatment (TN3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decompensated diabetes may be an important cause of changes in periodontal tissues and may cause a significant loss of masticatory function in patients.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Preferansow
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Prosthodontics of the Medical University of Białystok, Poland. beata.sawczuk@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sawczuk
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gołębiewska
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Górska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D010512:Periodontal Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: non-controlled diabetes; oral cavity; periodontium