title: Impact of blood pressure perturbations on arterial stiffness.
abstract: Although the associations between chronic levels of arterial stiffness and blood pressure (BP) have been fairly well studied, it is not clear whether and how much arterial stiffness is influenced by acute perturbations in BP. The primary aim of this study was to determine magnitudes of BP dependence of various measures of arterial stiffness during acute BP perturbation maneuvers. Fifty apparently healthy subjects, including 25 young (20-40 yr) and 25 older adults (60-80 yr), were studied. A variety of BP perturbations, including head-up tilt, head-down tilt, mental stress, isometric handgrip exercise, and cold pressor test, were used to encompass BP changes induced by physical, mental, and/or mechanical stimuli. When each index of arterial stiffness was plotted with mean BP, all arterial stiffness indices, including cardio-ankle vascular index or CAVI (r = 0.50), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity or cfPWV (r = 0.51), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity or baPWV (r = 0.61), arterial compliance (r = -0.42), elastic modulus (r = 0.52), arterial distensibility (r = -0.32), β-stiffness index (r = 0.19), and Young's modulus (r = 0.35) were related to mean BP (all P < 0.01). Changes in CAVI, cfPWV, baPWV, and elastic modulus were significantly associated with changes in mean BP in the pooled conditions, while changes in arterial compliance, arterial distensibility, β-stiffness index, and Young's modulus were not. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that BP changes in response to various forms of pressor stimuli were associated with the corresponding changes in arterial stiffness indices and that the strengths of associations with BP varied widely depending on what arterial stiffness indices were examined.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
authors.forename: Jisok
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
authors.forename: Miriam E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pearman
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
authors.forename: Wonil
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alkatan
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Machin
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas htanaka@austin.utexas.edu.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005260:Female; D018475:Head-Down Tilt; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007101:Immersion; D008297:Male; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D018667:Tilt-Table Test; D014463:Ultrasonography; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: arterial compliance; pressor response; pulse wave velocity