title: Odontella aurita-enriched diet prevents high fat diet-induced liver insulin resistance.
abstract: The beneficial effect of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid (w-3 FA) consumption regarding cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance and inflammation has been widely reported. Fish oil is considered as the main source of commercialized w-3 FAs, and other alternative sources have been reported such as linseed or microalgae. However, despite numerous reports, the underlying mechanisms of action of w-3 FAs on insulin resistance are still not clearly established, especially those from microalgae. Here, we report that Odontella aurita, a microalga rich in w-3 FAs eicosapentaenoic acid, prevents high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in the liver of Wistar rats. Indeed, a high fat diet (HFD) increased plasma insulin levels associated with the impairment of insulin receptor signaling and the up-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressions. Importantly, Odontella aurita-enriched HFD (HFOA) reduces body weight and plasma insulin levels and maintains normal insulin receptor expression and responsiveness. Furthermore, HFOA decreased TLR4 expression, JNK/p38 phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory factors. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that diet supplementation with whole Ondontella aurita overcomes HFD-induced insulin resistance through the inhibition of TLR4/JNK/p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Hamza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amine
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Yacir
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benomar
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haimeur
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Hafida
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Messaouri
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meskini
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco Unité Mixte de RechercheNeuroendocrinolgie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, NeuroPSI UMR9197, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueNeuroPSI Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche 9197, Orsay, FranceLaboratoire de VirologieMicrobiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco mohammed.taouis@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taouis
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D058086:Microalgae; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Odontella aurita; TLR-4; high fat diet; inflammation; insulin resistance