title: Triple-Layer Plastic Bags Protect Dry Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) Against Damage by Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) During Storage.
abstract: Fumigated dry common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) that were artificially infested with Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, and others that were not artificially infested, were stored in hermetic triple-layer PICS (Lela Agro, Kano, Nigeria) or woven polypropylene (PP) bags for 6 mo at ambient laboratory temperature conditions of 22.6 ± 1.9°C and 60.1 ± 4.3% relative humidity. In an additional trial, beans contained in PP bags were treated with Actellic Super dust before introducing A. obtectus. Moisture content, number of live adult A. obtectus, seed damage, weight loss, and seed germination were determined at monthly intervals. At 6 mo, beans stored in PICS bags retained higher moisture than those stored in PP bags, but in all treatments the moisture level remained below that recommended for safe storage of beans. In the PICS bags, proliferation of A. obtectus did not proceed and at 6 mo, beans stored in these bags did not have insect-inflicted seed damage or weight loss. In contrast, seed damage and weight loss in PP bags exceeded economic threshold after 1 mo in the absence of Actellic Super dust (Syngenta Crop protection AG, Basle, Switzerland), and after 2 mo in the presence of it. Germination of beans stored in PP bags decreased greatly whereas the beans stored in PICS bags did not show reduced germination. Chemical free storage of common beans in PICS bags protects them against damage by A. obtectus.
authors.affiliation: Social Science and Impact Assessment Unit, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. Department of Dairy, Food Science and Technology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mutungi
authors.affiliation: Social Science and Impact Assessment Unit, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. haffognon@icipe.org.
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Affognon
authors.affiliation: Social Science and Impact Assessment Unit, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Njoroge
authors.affiliation: Social Science and Impact Assessment Unit, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manono
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baributsa
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Murdock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000502:physiology*; D061353:Food Storage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D060434:Herbivory; D007300:Insect Control / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009549:Nigeria; D027805:Phaseolus; D012639:Seeds
keywords: Acanthoscelides obtectus; PICS bag; common bean; hermetic storage