title: Pituitary carcinoma with intraspinal metastasis: report of two cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Pituitary carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms with diagnostic and management challenges. Patients with pituitary carcinomas have extremely poor outcomes. In this report, the authors describe two cases of pituitary carcinomas with intraspinal metastasis (Case 1: 42-year-old man with a history of pituitary adenoma 16 years ago developed an intraspinal lesion at C4-C5; Case 2: 26-year-old women with a history of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenoma 9 years ago developed intraspinal lesion in the sacral canal). Both patients underwent spine surgery. The intraspinal lesions were confirmed as metastatic pituitary carcinomas based on the histomorphology and immunohistochemical stains. The authors reviewed the literature for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of intraspinal metastasis from pituitary carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yin Qian
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xin Gang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xue Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine Lake Success, NY 11042, USA.
authors.forename: Jian Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*
keywords: Pituitary carcinoma; intraspinal metastasis; management; pituitary adenoma