title: The chloroplast NADPH thioredoxin reductase C, NTRC, controls non-photochemical quenching of light energy and photosynthetic electron transport in Arabidopsis.
abstract: High irradiances may lead to photooxidative stress in plants, and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) contributes to protection against excess excitation. One of the NPQ mechanisms, qE, involves thermal dissipation of the light energy captured. Importantly, plants need to tune down qE under light-limiting conditions for efficient utilization of the available quanta. Considering the possible redox control of responses to excess light implying enzymes, such as thioredoxins, we have studied the role of the NADPH thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC). Whereas Arabidopsis thaliana plants lacking NTRC tolerate high light intensities, these plants display drastically elevated qE, have larger trans-thylakoid ΔpH and have 10-fold higher zeaxanthin levels under low and medium light intensities, leading to extremely low linear electron transport rates. To test the impact of the high qE on plant growth, we generated an ntrc-psbs double-knockout mutant, which is devoid of qE. This double mutant grows faster than the ntrc mutant and has a higher chlorophyll content. The photosystem II activity is partially restored in the ntrc-psbs mutant, and linear electron transport rates under low and medium light intensities are twice as high as compared with plants lacking ntrc alone. These data uncover a new role for NTRC in the control of photosynthetic yield.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Sevilla, 410 92, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Naranjo
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) Saclay, Institut de Biologie et de Technologie de Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mignée
authors.affiliation: Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) Saclay, Institut de Biologie et de Technologie de Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krieger-Liszkay
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fitoquímica de los Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Dámaso
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hornero-Méndez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fitoquímica de los Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gallardo-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Sevilla, 410 92, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Cejudo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Sevilla, 410 92, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Marika
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-0809
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindahl
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005453:Fluorescence; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D008027:Light; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009550:Nigericin / Q000494:pharmacology; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D045331:Photosystem I Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D045331:Photosystem I Protein Complex; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D024341:Xanthophylls; D002734:Chlorophyll; C493631:2-Cys peroxiredoxin A, Arabidopsis; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; C000612940:NTRC protein, Arabidopsis; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; D009550:Nigericin; D004229:Dithiothreitol
keywords: high-light acclimation; oxidative stress; photosynthesis; redox signalling; thioredoxin; thylakoid