title: Digestibility of new dietary fibre materials, resistant glucan and hydrogenated resistant glucan in rats and humans, and the physical effects in rats.
abstract: Resistant glucan (RG) and hydrogenated resistant glucan (HRG) are newly developed non-digestible carbohydrate materials that decrease lifestyle-related diseases. The bioavailability of RG and HRG was investigated by in vitro experiments using human and rat small intestinal enzymes and by in vivo experiments using rats in the present study. Oligosaccharides, which are minor components of RG and HRG, were hydrolysed slightly by small intestinal enzymes of humans and rats, and the hydrolysing activity was slightly higher in rats than in humans. The amount of glucose released from HRG was greater than that from RG. However, the high-molecular-weight carbohydrates of the main components were hardly hydrolysed. Furthermore, neither RG nor HRG inhibited disaccharidase activity. When rats were raised on a diet containing 5 % of RG, HRG, resistant maltodextrin or fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) for 4 weeks, all rats developed loose stools and did not recover during the experiment, except for the FOS group. Body weight gain was normal in all groups and was not significantly different compared with the control group. Caecal tissue and content weights were significantly increased by feeding RG or HRG, although other organ and tissue weights were not significantly different among the groups. In conclusion, RG and HRG consist of small amounts of glucose and digestible and non-digestible oligosaccharides, and large amounts of glucose polymers, which were hardly hydrolysed by α-amylase and small intestinal enzymes. RG and HRG, which were developed newly as dietary fibre materials, had no harmful effects on the growth and development of rats.
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Nutrition,Institute of Food,Nutrition and Health,Jumonji University,2-1-28 Sugasawa,Niiza,Saitama 352-8510,Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuneyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oku
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Nutritional Sciences,Graduate School of Human Health Science,University of Nagasaki Siebold,1-1-1 Manabino,Nagayo,Nagasaki 851-2195,Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Nutritional Sciences,Graduate School of Human Health Science,University of Nagasaki Siebold,1-1-1 Manabino,Nagayo,Nagasaki 851-2195,Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: 4Nihon Shokuhin Kako Co. Ltd,30 Tajima,Fuji 417-8530,Japan.
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Nutrition,Institute of Food,Nutrition and Health,Jumonji University,2-1-28 Sugasawa,Niiza,Saitama 352-8510,Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shimura
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Nutrition,Institute of Food,Nutrition and Health,Jumonji University,2-1-28 Sugasawa,Niiza,Saitama 352-8510,Japan.
authors.forename: Sadako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D004186:Disaccharidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005936:Glucans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006865:Hydrogenation; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015430:Weight Gain; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005936:Glucans; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; C116580:fructooligosaccharide; C008315:maltodextrin; D004186:Disaccharidases; D000516:alpha-Amylases
keywords: BBMV brush border membrane vesicles; Digestibility; FOS fructo-oligosaccharide; HRG hydrogenated resistant glucan; Hydrogenated resistant glucan; New dietary fibre material; PD polydextrose; Physical effects; RG resistant glucan; RMD resistant maltodextrin; Resistant glucan