title: Terra firma-forme dermatosis: report of a series of 11 cases and a brief review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Terra firma-forme dermatosis (TFFD) is a benign, yet little known disorder with very few cases reported in the literature. TFFD is considered to be only a cosmetic problem but can be a cause of embarrassment for the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients with TFFD presenting in a tertiary care center over a period of 5 years were analyzed with respect to disease presentation, treatment, and possible factors involved in causation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The commonest cause in our series was ignorance regarding proper cleansing techniques, inadequate pressure while scrubbing the affected area, and a lack of concern, fear, or pain as in the case of surgical sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Awareness among the clinicians about the existence of TFFD is essential to save time for the clinician and to reduce the economic burden on the patient by avoiding costly investigations and treatment. Proper counseling regarding the cleansing of surgery sites may help prevent the development of this condition in such situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, KIMS AL SHIFA Super Speciality Hospital, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Karalikkattil T
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0393-5090
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Ashique
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Feroze
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kaliyadan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar, UP, India.
authors.forename: Tarang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goyal
mesh_terms: D019840:2-Propanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D019840:2-Propanol