title: Calorie Estimation in Adults Differing in Body Weight Class and Weight Loss Status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ability to accurately estimate calories is important for weight management, yet few studies have investigated whether individuals can accurately estimate calories during exercise or in a meal. The objective of this study was to determine if accuracy of estimation of moderate or vigorous exercise energy expenditure and calories in food is associated with body weight class or weight loss status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight adults who were either normal weight (NW) or overweight (OW), and either attempting (WL) or not attempting weight loss (noWL), exercised on a treadmill at a moderate (60% HRmax) and a vigorous intensity (75% HRmax) for 25 min. Subsequently, participants estimated the number of calories they expended through exercise and created a meal that they believed to be calorically equivalent to the exercise energy expenditure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean difference between estimated and measured calories in exercise and food did not differ within or between groups after moderate exercise. After vigorous exercise, OW-noWL overestimated energy expenditure by 72% and overestimated the calories in their food by 37% (P < 0.05). OW-noWL also significantly overestimated exercise energy expenditure compared with all other groups (P < 0.05) and significantly overestimated calories in food compared with both WL groups (P < 0.05). However, among all groups, there was a considerable range of overestimation and underestimation (-280 to +702 kcal), as reflected by the large and statistically significant absolute error in calorie estimation of exercise and food.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a wide range of underestimation and overestimation of calories during exercise and in a meal. Error in calorie estimation may be greater in overweight adults who are not attempting weight loss.
authors.affiliation: School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA.
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Karissa L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Canning
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: Dishay
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiandani
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Riddell
authors.forename: Alison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Macpherson
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kuk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000523:psychology*; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult