title: Coatings of titanium substrates with xCaO · (1 - x)SiO2 sol-gel materials: characterization, bioactivity and biocompatibility evaluation.
abstract: The objective of this study has been to develop low temperature sol-gel coatings to modify the surface of commercially pure titanium grade 4 (a material generally used in dental application) and to evaluate their bioactivity and biocompatibility on the substrate. Glasses of composition expressed by the following general formula xCaO · (1 - x)SiO2 (0.0<x<0.60) have been prepared by means of the sol-gel route starting from tetraethyl orthosilicate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate. Those materials, still in the sol phase, have been used to coat titanium substrates by means of the dip-coating technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) allowed the materials to be characterized and a microstructural analysis of the coatings obtained was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The potential applications of the coatings in the biomedical field were evaluated by bioactivity and biocompatibility tests. The coated titanium was immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 21 days and the hydroxyapatite deposition on its surface was subsequently evaluated via SEM-EDXS analysis, as an index of bone-bonding capability. To investigate cell-material interactions, mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (3T3) were seeded onto the specimens and the cell viability was evaluated by a WST-8 assay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, Second University of Naples, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy. Electronic address: michelina.catauro@unina2.it.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catauro
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, Second University of Naples, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Papale
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, Second University of Naples, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bollino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005782:Gels; D010087:Oxides; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C016538:lime; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Bioactivity; Calcium silicate; Glass; Sol–gel method