title: Ocular Injuries: New Strategies In Emergency Department Management.
abstract: Ocular injuries are common in the emergency department, and they are the most frequent cause of noncongenital monocular blindness in children and adults. This review provides evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and disposition of patients with all types of ocular trauma, including pain management, the use of antibiotics, cycloplegics, steroids, antifibrinolytics, and patching. Bedside ocular ultrasound has profoundly expanded diagnostic capability, particularly for the multiply injured patient, and routine management and disposition of patients with corneal abrasions has evolved significantly as well. Diagnosis and management of patients with retrobulbar hemorrhage is discussed in detail, with resources for performing vision-saving lateral canthotomy. Systematic evaluation and management of ocular trauma patients will ensure these patients have the best chance for a favorable final visual outcome.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Program Director, Assistant Professor, Sinai-Grace Emergency Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Messman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065306:Corneal Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010808:Physical Examination; D019315:Retrobulbar Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal