title: Nanostructured material formulated acrylic bone cements with enhanced drug release.
abstract: To improve antibiotic properties, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based bone cements are formulated with antibiotic and nanostructured materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanorods, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as drug carriers. For nonporous HAP nanorods, the release of gentamicin (GTMC) is not obviously improved when the content of HAP is below 10%; while the high content of HAP shows detrimental to mechanical properties although the release of GTMC can be substantially increased. As a comparison, low content of hollow nanostructured CNT and MSN can enhance drug delivery efficiency. The presence of 5.3% of CNT in formulation can facilitate the release of more than 75% of GTMC in 80 days, however, its mechanical strength is seriously impaired. Among nanostructured drug carriers, antibiotic/MSN formulation can effectively improve drug delivery and exhibit well preserved mechanical properties. The hollow nanostructured materials are believed to build up nano-networks for antibiotic to diffuse from the bone cement matrix to surface and achieve sustained drug release. Based on MSN drug carrier in formulated bone cement, a binary delivery system is also investigated to release GTMC together with other antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore. Electronic address: shen_shoucang@ices.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Shou-Cang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
authors.forename: Wai Kiong
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yuan-Cai
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
authors.forename: Junwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore. Electronic address: reginald_tan@ices.a-star.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Reginald Beng Hee
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D065546:Drug Liberation; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D016062:Porosity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005839:Gentamicins; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Antibiotic; Bone cements; Diffusion network; Drug delivery; Nanoparticles