title: Glial influences on BBB functions and molecular players in immune cell trafficking.
abstract: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes an elaborate structure formed by specialized capillary endothelial cells, which together with pericytes and perivascular glial cells regulates the exchanges between the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery. Intricate interactions between the different cellular constituents of the BBB are crucial in establishing a functional BBB and maintaining the delicate homeostasis of the CNS microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the role of astrocytes and microglia in inducing and maintaining barrier properties under physiological conditions as well as their involvement during neuroinflammatory pathologies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neuro Inflammation edited by Helga E. de Vries and Markus Schwaninger.
authors.affiliation: Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marc-André
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lécuyer
authors.affiliation: Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Hania
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kebir
authors.affiliation: Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, Division of Neurology, CHUM-Notre-Dame Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: a.prat@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D000069336:Neurovascular Coupling; D020286:Pericytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Astrocytes; Blood–brain barrier (BBB); Endothelial cells; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE); Glial cells; IL-17; Microglia; Multiple sclerosis (MS); Neuroinflammation; Neurovascular unit (NVU); Tight junction molecules