title: Exercise and the Regulation of Mitochondrial Turnover.
abstract: Exercise is a well-known stimulus for the expansion of the mitochondrial pool within skeletal muscle. Mitochondria have a remarkable ability to remodel their networks and can respond to an array of signaling stimuli following contractile activity to adapt to the metabolic demands of the tissue, synthesizing proteins to expand the mitochondrial reticulum. In addition, when they become dysfunctional, these organelles can be recycled by a specialized intracellular system. The signals regulating this mitochondrial life cycle of synthesis and degradation during exercise are still an area of great research interest. As mitochondrial turnover has valuable consequences in physical performance, in addition to metabolic health, disease, and aging, consideration of the signals which control this cycle is vital. This review focuses on the regulation of mitochondrial turnover in skeletal muscle and summarizes our current understanding of the impact that exercise has in modulating this process.
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: dhood@yorku.ca.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hood
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Liam D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tryon
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vainshtein
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Memme
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pauly
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Crilly
authors.affiliation: Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D063154:Mitochondrial Dynamics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Aging; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Exercise; High-intensity interval training; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial DNA; Mitochondrial morphology; Protein import; Skeletal muscle