title: Microgrooved Polymer Substrates Promote Collective Cell Migration To Accelerate Fracture Healing in an in Vitro Model.
abstract: Surface topography can affect cell adhesion, morphology, polarity, cytoskeleton organization, and osteogenesis. However, little is known about the effect of topography on the fracture healing in repairing nonunion and large bone defects. Microgrooved topography on the surface of bone implants may promote cell migration into the fracture gap to accelerate fracture healing. To prove this hypothesis, we used an in vitro fracture (wound) healing assay on the microgrooved polycaprolactone substrates to study the effect of microgroove widths and depths on the osteoblast-like cell (MG-63) migration and the subsequent healing. We found that the microgrooved substrates promoted MG-63 cells to migrate collectively into the wound gap, which serves as a fracture model, along the grooves and ridges as compared with the flat substrates. Moreover, the groove widths did not show obvious influence on the wound healing whereas the smaller groove depths tended to favor the collective cell migration and thus subsequent healing. The microgrooved substrates accelerated the wound healing by facilitating the collective cell migration into the wound gaps but not by promoting the cell proliferation. Furthermore, microgrooves were also found to promote the migration of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to heal the fracture model. Though osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was not improved on the microgrooved substrate, collagen I and minerals deposited by hMSCs were organized in a way similar to those in the extracellular matrix of natural bone. These findings suggest the necessity in using microgrooved implants in enhancing fracture healing in bone repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Yuli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Huichang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma , Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Chuanbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008954:Models, Biological; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011091:Polyesters / Q000494:pharmacology; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C016240:polycaprolactone
keywords: bone; collective cell migration; fracture healing; implants; microgrooved topography