title: Effects of Wastewater from Oil Exploration on Soil Mesofauna.
abstract: Wastewater from oil exploration may contain substances that can alter the diversity of soil organisms. This study evaluated whether produced water treated by filtration or reverse osmosis and glutaraldehyde from reverse osmosis treatments negatively affected the mesofauna in an irrigated area. In the field, irrigation with produced water treated by reverse osmosis and filtration influenced Hymenoptera and Cosmochthonius sp., while Entomobryomorpha springtails were affected only by the reverse osmosis water. In the ecotoxicological tests, reproduction in the springtail Folsomia candida was inhibited by the reverse osmosis treatment, while reproduction in the earthworm Enchytraeus crypticus was affected by both water treatments. Although glutaraldehyde did not affect the survival of F. candida, the reproduction was inhibited (EC50 = 44.4 mg/L). No adverse effect of glutaraldehyde was observed on reproduction or survival of E. crypticus. These results indicate that produced water, when used in irrigated agriculture, may affect soil functional mesofauna.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-760, Brazil. nonatocferreira@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Raimundo N C
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Agroindústria Tropical, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - EMBRAPA, Fortaleza, CE, 600511-110, Brazil.
authors.forename: Olmar B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Agrobiologia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - EMBRAPA, Seropédica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria E F
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Agropecuária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23851-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eloísa S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Benazzi-Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Agrobiologia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - EMBRAPA, Seropédica, RJ, 23891-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Scoriza
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Agroindústria Tropical, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - EMBRAPA, Fortaleza, CE, 600511-110, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio L M
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mesquita
mesh_terms: D057914:Agricultural Irrigation; D000818:Animals; D001181:Arthropods / Q000187:drug effects; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D005976:Glutaral / Q000633:toxicity; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000187:drug effects; D061329:Oil and Gas Fields; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012987:Soil; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005976:Glutaral; D012987:Soil; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Glutaraldehyde; Soil fauna; Toxicology; Water reuse