title: Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa) effect on biochemical and pathological parameters of liver and kidney in chicken aflatoxicosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aflatoxins as potent mycotoxins can influence vital parameters in chickens. Turmeric was used in decreasing toxic effect of mycotoxins on vital organs, traditionally.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study compared the protective effect of turmeric and Mycoad(TR) in broilers exposed to aflatoxin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chickens (270) were divided into six groups. The chickens were fed a basal diet, turmeric extract (5 mg/kg diet), Mycoad(TR) (25 mg/kg diet), productive aflatoxin (3 mg/kg diet), aflatoxin plus turmeric extract (3 versus 5 mg/kg diet), and aflatoxin plus Mycoad(TR) (3 versus 25 mg/kg diet) in basal diet. At 28 d old, we determined plasma concentration of total protein, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), calcium, potassium, phosphorous, uric acid, aspartate transferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Furthermore, liver and kidney were sampled for pathological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chickens fed turmeric with aflatoxin had significant lower ALT, AST, and uric acid than chickens fed aflatoxin (11.4 ± 0.79, 228 ± 9, and 6 ± 0.4 versus 17.2 ± 1.7, 283 ± 5, and 7.7 ± 0.1) whereas, total protein, calcium, and HDL values in chickens fed aflatoxin plus turmeric increased significantly (2.66 ± 0.16, 8.4 ± 0.2, and 920 ± 4.1 versus 1.7 ± 0.17, 7 ± 0.2, and 690 ± 4.8). Pathological examination revealed severe congestion, degeneration, and necrosis in liver and kidney in chickens that received aflatoxin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed that turmeric may provide protection against the toxic effects of aflatoxin on liver and kidney.
authors.affiliation: a 1 Department of Poultry Diseases , Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University , Shahrekord , Iran .
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gholami-Ahangaran
authors.affiliation: b 2 Young Researchers Club, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University , Shahrekord , Iran , and.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rangsaz
authors.affiliation: c 3 Department of Pathobiology , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman , Iran.
authors.forename: Shahrzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D030024:Curcuma; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C012596:turmeric extract
keywords: Clinical biochemistry; herbal plant; toxicity