title: Lycopene protects against atrazine-induced hepatic ionic homeostasis disturbance by modulating ion-transporting ATPases.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible chemoprotective role of lycopene (LYC) against atrazine (ATR)-induced ionic disorder and hepatotoxicity in mice. Male kunming mice were treated with LYC (5mg/kg) and/or ATR (50mg/kg or 200mg/kg) by lavage administration for 21days. Ionic disorder was assessed by determining the Na(+), K(+) and Ca(2+) content and the alteration in ATP enzymes (ATPases) including Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-ATPase, Mg(2+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase and the mRNA levels of ATPase's subunits in liver. ATR caused the increases of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and histological changes. LYC pretreatment significantly protected liver against ATR-caused alternation. The significant effect of ATR and LYC on the K(+) and Mg(2+) content in liver was not observed, but ATR increased hepatic Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity and decreased Mg(2+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase activity. The mRNA expressions of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase subunits were regulated significantly by ATR. A significant increase of Ca(2+) content and seven down-regulated mRNA expressions of Ca(2+)-ATPase subunits and a decrease of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity were observed in the ATR-treated mice. Notably, LYC modulated these ATR-induced alterations of ATPase activity and mRNA expression of their subunits. These results suggest that ATR presents hepatotoxicity via regulating hepatic ATPase's activities and their subunit transcriptions and inducing ionic disorder. LYC protects liver against ATR-induced hepatotoxicity, significantly. LYC modulated hepatic ionic homeostasis disturbance via regulation of ATPase activities and their subunits' (1a1, 1b3, 1b4 and 2b4) transcriptions. In summary, these effects play a critical role of LYC-mediated chemoprevention against ATR-induced hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua-Shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Run
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue-Nan
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: Jinlongli@neau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jin-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhangyinghr@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D017136:Ion Transport; D007477:Ions; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D002338:Carotenoids; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D001280:Atrazine; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: ATPase's subunits transcriptions; ATPases activities; Atrazine; Ionic homeostasis; Lycopene; Mouse liver