title: Physical Activity Is not Associated with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate among Young and Middle-Aged Adults: Results from the Population-Based Longitudinal Doetinchem Study.
abstract: There is debate as to whether physical inactivity is associated with reduced kidney function. We studied the prospective association of (changes in) physical activity with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in adult men and women. We included 3,935 participants aged 26 to 65 years from the Doetinchem Cohort study, examined every 5 years for 15 years. Physical activity was assessed at each round using the Cambridge Physical Activity Index. Using the CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equation, GFR was estimated from routinely measured cystatin C concentrations, examining all available samples per participant in one assay run. We determined the association between 1) physical activity and eGFR and 2) 5-year changes in physical activity (becoming inactive, staying inactive, staying active, becoming active) and eGFR, using time-lagged generalized estimating equation analyses. At baseline, 3.6% of the participants were inactive, 18.5% moderately inactive, 26.0% moderately active, and 51.9% active. The mean (± SD) eGFR was 107.9 (± 14.5) mL/min per 1.73 m2. Neither physical activity nor 5-year changes in physical activity were associated with eGFR at the subsequent round. The multivariate adjusted βeGFR was 0.57 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) -1.70, 0.56) for inactive compared to active participants. Studying changes in physical activity between rounds, the adjusted βeGFR was -1.10 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (95% CI -4.50, 2.30) for those who stayed inactive compared with participants who became active. Physical activity was not associated with eGFR in this population-based study of adults.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerrie-Cor M
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Herber-Gast
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerben
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hulsegge
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W M Monique
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Verschuren
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Coen D A
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stehouwer
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ron T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Gansevoort
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Stephan J L
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annemieke M W
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Spijkerman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009426:Netherlands; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C; D003404:Creatinine