title: Humoral Mediators of Remote Ischemic Conditioning: Important Role of eNOS/NO/Nitrite.
abstract: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a powerful cardioprotectant and neuroprotectant. The mechanism of protection likely involves circulating, blood-borne mediators that transmit the signal from the periphery to the brain. The neuroprotective effect of RIC may be partially related to improvements in cerebral blood flow (CBF). Nitrite is a key circulating mediator of RIC and may be a mediator of increased CBF and also mediate cytoprotection through its effects on nitrosylation of mitochondrial proteins such as complex I. Measuring plasma nitrite may serve as an important blood biomarker, and measuring CBF by techniques such as MRI arterial spin labeling (ASL) may be an ideal surrogate imaging biomarker in clinical trials of RIC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent's University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. dhess@gru.edu.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiological Sciences College of Allied Health Sciences, Georgia Regent's University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammad Nasrul
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Hoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent's University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammad B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; C555034:MIRN144 microRNA, rat; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009573:Nitrites; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
keywords: Nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS 3); Nitric oxide, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS); Nitrite; Remote ischemic conditioning; Remote ischemic postconditioning; Remote ischemic preconditioning; ischemic preconditioning; preconditioning