title: Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium capable of producing caproic acid from galactitol, isolated from a wastewater treatment plant.
abstract: A strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated BS-1T, was isolated from an anaerobic digestion reactor during a study of bacteria utilizing galactitol as the carbon source. Its cells were 0.3-0.5 μm × 2-4 μm, and they grew at 35-45 °C and at pH 6.0-8.0. Strain BS-1T produced H2, CO2, ethanol, acetic acid, butyric acid and caproic acid as metabolic end products of anaerobic fermentation. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain BS-1T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae, Clostridium Cluster IV. The type strains that were most closely related to strain BS-1T were Clostridium sporosphaeroides KCTC 5598T (94.5 %), Clostridium leptum KCTC 5155T (94.3 %), Ruminococcus bromii ATCC 27255T (92.1 %) and Ethanoligenens harbinense YUAN-3T (91.9 %). Strain BS-1T had 17.6 % and 20.9 % DNA-DNA relatedness values with C. sporosphaeroides DSM 1294T and C. leptum DSM 753T, respectively. The major components of the cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 dimethyl aldehyde (DMA) (22.1 %), C16 : 0 aldehyde (14.1 %) and summed feature 11 (iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and/or C18 : 2 DMA; 10.0 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 50.0 mol%. Phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain BS-1T to be clearly distinguished from other taxa of the genus Clostridium Cluster IV. On the basis of these data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species within Clostridium Cluster IV, for which the name Caproiciproducens galactitolivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type species is BS-1T ( = JCM 30532T and KCCM 43048T).
authors.affiliation: The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, 17 Hangdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Chun
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Hangdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seung Jeon
authors.affiliation: Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Center for Bioanalysis, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-Ku, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute and Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Youngsoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Um
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Hangdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-In
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Sang
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002208:Caproates / Q000378:metabolism*; D000068016:Eubacteriales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D004376:Galactitol / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002208:Caproates; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D004376:Galactitol; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D062065:Wastewater; C037652:hexanoic acid