title: The First Case of Total Dystrophic Onychomycosis Caused by Aspergillus clavatus Resistant to Antifungal Drugs.
abstract: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of nails which is mainly caused by dermatophyte species and less often by yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds. We present a case of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus clavatus for the first time worldwide. The patient was an immunocompetent 32-year-old woman who identified with Psoriasis of the nail. The presence of A. clavatus in a nail sample was confirmed using microscopic and culture analysis followed by PCR of the β-tubulin gene. After antifungal susceptibility test, it is revealed that the isolate was resistant to the majority of common antifungal drugs, but finally the patient was treated with itraconazole 200 mg daily. A. clavatus and drug-resistant A. clavatus have not previously been reported from onychomycosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehraban
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falahati
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Aynaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghojoghi
authors.affiliation: Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran. mabastabar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-2849
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abastabar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farahyar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roudbary
authors.affiliation: Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Taghi
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hedayati
authors.affiliation: Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba Taghizadeh
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Armaki
authors.affiliation: Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoseinnejad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001483:Base Sequence; D026141:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal; D005260:Female; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D014404:Tubulin; D017964:Itraconazole
keywords: Aspergillus clavatus; PCR of the β-tubulin gene; Resistant to antifungal drugs