title: Empathic engineering: helping deliver dignity through design.
abstract: Dignity is a key value within healthcare. Technology is also recognized as being a fundamental part of healthcare delivery, but also a potential cause of dehumanization of the patient. Therefore, understanding how medical devices can be designed to help deliver dignity is important. This paper explores the role of empathy tools as a way of engendering empathy in engineers and designers to enable them to design for dignity. A framework is proposed that makes the link between empathy tools and outcomes of feelings of dignity. It represents a broad systems view that provides a structure for reviewing the evidence for the efficacy of empathy tools and also how dignity can be systematically understood for particular medical devices.
authors.affiliation: a NIHR Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Cooperative ,and.|b Engineering Design Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1PZ , UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hosking
authors.affiliation: b Engineering Design Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1PZ , UK.
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cornish
authors.affiliation: b Engineering Design Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1PZ , UK.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.affiliation: b Engineering Design Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1PZ , UK.
authors.forename: P John
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Clarkson
mesh_terms: D020811:Biomedical Technology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004645:Empathy; D004867:Equipment Design / Q000379:methods; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D006801:Humans; D028723:Personhood; D012656:Self-Help Devices; D006113:United Kingdom
keywords: Design; dignity; empathy; engineering; tools