title: The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir when given with isoniazid in South African HIV-infected individuals.
abstract: Isoniazid preventive therapy is recommended in patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) with latent tuberculous infection to prevent progression to active tuberculosis disease. Isoniazid (INH) inhibits cytochrome (CY) P3A4, which metabolises lopinavir (LPV). The administration of INH may cause higher LPV concentrations, which may increase LPV toxicity. LPV bioavailability is increased by co-formulated ritonavir (r), which may enhance the interaction of INH on LPV. We studied the effect of INH on LPV concentrations by administering INH for 7 days and performing intensive pharmacokinetic sampling in 16 human immunodeficiency virus infected patients established on LPV/r-based ART. INH did not significantly increase steady-state LPV area under the plasma concentration-time curve calculated for the 12 h-dosing interval.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Decloedt
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: van der Walt
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McIlleron
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wiesner
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maartens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D018450:Disease Progression; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D061466:Lopinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C558899:lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination; D061466:Lopinavir; D019438:Ritonavir; D007538:Isoniazid