title: A Culture Method for Darkling Beetles, Blapstinus spp. (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae).
abstract: Darkling beetles, Blapstinus spp., have become a serious pest of Cucurbitaceae crops, especially in California. A culture method was sought to provide large numbers (>500) of adult beetles of known age and sex that could be used for laboratory testing when needed. A method previously developed for Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) using a diet of ground chick feed, with apple slices as a moisture source, was modified for use with Blapstinus spp. and then compared with the same method substituting apple slices with zucchini as the moisture source. Rearing boxes set up with apple slices produced significantly more pupae and adults than boxes containing zucchini slices. However, using either zucchini or apples as a moisture source yielded over the target of 500 adults per rearing box. A previous method designed to sex A. diaperinus based on the presence (♀) or absence (♂) of second valvifers in the pupal stage also proved to be effective for sexing the Blapstinus spp.
authors.affiliation: USDA/ARS/National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR), 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604. Bruce.Zilkowski@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Zilkowski
authors.affiliation: USDA/ARS/National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR), 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604.
authors.forename: Allard A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cossé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D010063:Ovum / Q000254:growth & development; D011679:Pupa / Q000254:growth & development
keywords: Blapstinus; cucurbit; insect culture; mass-rearing; sex determination