title: Molecular Characterization and Expression Profiling of Odorant-Binding Proteins in Apolygus lucorum.
abstract: Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is one of the most important agricultural pests, with broad host range and cryptic feeding habits in China. Chemosensory behavior plays an important role in many crucial stages in the life of A. lucorum, such as the detection of sex pheromone cues during mate pursuit and fragrant odorants during flowering host plant localization. Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are involved in the initial biochemical recognition steps in semiochemical perception. In the present study, a transcriptomics-based approach was used to identify potential OBPs in A. lucorum. In total, 38 putative OBP genes were identified, corresponding to 26 'classic' OBPs and 12 'Plus-C' OBPs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. lucorum OBP proteins are more closely related to the OBP proteins of other mirid bugs as the same family OBP clustering together. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis for the first reported 23 AlucOBPs revealed that the expression level of 11 AlucOBP genes were significantly higher in antennae of both sexes than in other tissues. Three of them were male antennae-biased and six were female antennae-biased, suggesting their putative roles in the detection of female sex pheromones and host plant volatiles. In addition, three, four, two and one AlucOBPs had the highest degree of enrichment in the stylet, head, leg, and in abdomen tissues, respectively. Two other OBPs were ubiquitously expressed in the main tissues, including antennae, stylets, heads, legs and wings. Most orthologs had similar expression patterns, strongly indicating that these genes have the same function in olfaction and gustation.
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xiao
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tea Plants Biology and Resources Utilization of Agriculture Ministry, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qiang
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Hang-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Khalid Hussain
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Dhiloo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D018035:Receptors, Odorant / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D018035:Receptors, Odorant; C045648:odorant-binding protein