title: Bioaccessibility of Ba, Cu, Pb, and Zn in urban garden and orchard soils.
abstract: Exposure of young children to toxic metals in urban environments is largely due to soil and dust ingestion. Soil particle size distribution and concentrations of toxic metals in different particle sizes are important risk factors in addition to bioaccessibility of these metals in the particles. Analysis of particle size distribution and metals concentrations for 13 soils, 12 sampled from urban gardens and 1 from orchard found that fine particles (<105 μm) comprised from 22 to 66% by weight of the tested soils, with Ba, Cu, Pb and Zn generally at higher concentrations in the finer particles. However, metal bioaccessibility was generally lower in finer particles, a trend most pronounced for Ba and Pb. Gastric was higher than gastrointestinal bioaccessibility for all metals except Cu. The lower bioaccessibility of Pb in urban garden soils compared to orchard soil is attributable to the higher organic matter content of the garden soils.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, No. 7 West Street, Yuancun, 510655, China.
authors.forename: Meifang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: mbm7@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Murray B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, No. 7 West Street, Yuancun, 510655, China.
authors.forename: Kaiming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D051639:Gardening; D000075322:Heavy Metal Poisoning; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010316:Particle Size; D011041:Poisoning; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Metal bioaccessibility; Orchard soil; Soil particle size distribution; Urban soil