title: Visual function and macular architecture in patients with inactive zone 2 and 3 toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the visual function and architecture of the central and peripapillary retina in patients with inactive toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis outside the macular and peripapillary regions (zones 2 and 3).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 20 eyes (18 patients) with zone 2 and 3 toxoplasmic scars and visual acuity ≥20/25. Patients underwent Humphrey 10-2 perimetry, contrast sensitivity (Mars test), and color vision testing (L'Anthony desaturated D-15). The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thicknesses were determined by optical coherence tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients' mean age was 27.4 ± 10.3 years, and the mean duration of remission was 6.15 ± 5.19 months. Abnormal contrast sensitivity and color vision were observed in three (15.0%) and four eyes (20.0%), respectively. Mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) fell outside the 95% normal confidence limits of the perimeter's database in 14 (70.0%) and seven eyes (35.0%), respectively. Foveal and mean RNFL thicknesses were within the normal limits in all eyes. Eyes with zone 2 retinochoroiditis had lower foveal sensitivity than eyes with zone 3 lesions (p=0.041). Eyes with a longer duration of remission had a higher MD (r=0.575; p=0.013) and a lower PSD (r=-0.593; p=0.010).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite normal central and peripapillary retinal architecture, eyes with inactive zone 2 and 3 toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis can present with abnormal color, contrast, and macular perimetric sensitivity. Zone 2 retinochoroiditis was associated with lower foveal sensitivity, and a longer duration of retinochoroiditis remission was associated with better perimetric parameters (MD and PSD).
authors.affiliation: Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, PE, BR.
authors.forename: Mariana Honório de
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, PE, BR.
authors.forename: Guilherme Lucena
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, PE, BR.
authors.forename: Eduardo Nery Rossi
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Camilo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muccioli
authors.affiliation: Fundação Altino Ventura, Recife, PE, BR.
authors.forename: Tiago Eugênio Faria e
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Arantes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult