title: Budgetary impact analysis on funding smoking-cessation drugs in patients with COPD in Spain.
abstract: The aim of the study was to assess the budgetary impact of funding smoking-cessation drugs in COPD patients in Spain. A hybrid model (cohort and Markov) was developed for a 5-year time horizon. Only approved cessation drugs (varenicline, bupropion, and nicotine replacement therapy) were considered. Irrespective of the drug, the model allowed for an initial cessation attempt, and up to three additional attempts in case of failure or smoking relapse during a 5-year period. Drug effectiveness was based on controlled clinical trials. National Health System perspective was applied; therefore, only medical resources were included. The pharmaceutical costs for smoking-cessation drugs, extra medical follow-up as a consequence of public reimbursement, and annual savings for health costs avoided due to stopping smoking were considered. The model estimated that 17,756 COPD patients would stop smoking if public funding was available, compared with 1,303 without reimbursement. In the reimbursement scenario, the savings accounted for a total of €48.0 million, compensating for expenditures on drugs and medical visits (€40.4 million). Accumulated total additional savings in 5 years (€4.3 million) compared with the scenario without reimbursement was shown. Sensitivity analyses supported the results robustness. Funding smoking-cessation drugs in COPD patients seems to be an efficient option and a National Health System drug reimbursement scheme would represent a cost-saving policy in Spain.
authors.affiliation: Specialised Tobacco Unit, Community of Madrid, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Unit, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Segismundo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solano-Reina
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Juan, Alicante, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Signes-Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Higes-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Granda-Orive
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain.
authors.forename: José J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lorza-Blasco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital de San Pedro Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Riesco-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Drassanes Tobacco Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall-d'Hebron-Drassanes, The Jordi Gol University Institute for Research Primary Healthcare, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Neus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Altet-Gomez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute, Salamanca, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barrueco
authors.affiliation: Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Iberia, Sociedad Limitada Unificada, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oyagüez
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes Research, Pfizer, Sociedad Limitada Unificada, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rejas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D012907:Smoking / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000191:economics*; D013030:Spain; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices / Q000191:economics*; D000068580:Varenicline / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D016642:Bupropion; D000068580:Varenicline
keywords: COPD; budgetary impact; health service; pharmacotherapy; smoking cessation