title: Electromagnetic sunscreen model: design of experiments on particle specifications.
abstract: We report a numerical study on sunscreen design and optimization. Thanks to the combined use of electromagnetic modeling and design of experiments, we are able to screen the most relevant parameters of mineral filters and to optimize sunscreens. Several electromagnetic modeling methods are used depending on the type of particles, density of particles, etc. Both the sun protection factor (SPF) and the UVB/UVA ratio are considered. We show that the design of experiments' model should include interactions between materials and other parameters. We conclude that the material of the particles is a key parameter for the SPF and the UVB/UVA ratio. Among the materials considered, none is optimal for both. The SPF is also highly dependent on the size of the particles.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lécureux
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deumié
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Enoch
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sergent
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004867:Equipment Design; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010316:Particle Size; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012867:Skin; D013471:Sunburn / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013472:Sunlight; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C009495:titanium dioxide; C000499:ferric oxide; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D014025:Titanium; D015034:Zinc Oxide