title: Physical activity and nutrition education at the school environment aimed at preventing childhood obesity: evidence from systematic reviews.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To organize the main findings and list the most frequent recommendations from systematic reviews of interventions developed at the school environment aimed at reducing overweight in children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Searches for systematic reviews available until December 31, 2014 were conducted in five electronic databases: Cochrane, PubMed, SciELO, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Manual search for cross-references were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the initial 2139 references, 33 systematic reviews adequately met the inclusion criteria and were included in the descriptive summary. In this set, interventions with periods of time greater than six months in duration (nine reviews), and parental involvement in the content and/or planned actions (six reviews) were identified as the most frequent and effective recommendations. Additionally, it was observed that boys respond more effectively to structural interventions, whereas girls respond to behavioral interventions. None of the included reviews was able to make inferences about the theoretical basis used in interventions as, apparently, those in charge of the interventions disregarded this component in their preparation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the summary identified evidence with important applications in terms of public health, there are still gaps to be filled in this field of knowledge, such as the effectiveness of different theoretical models, the identification of the best strategies in relation to gender and age of participants and, finally, the identification of moderating variables to maximize the benefits provided by the interventions.
authors.affiliation: Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Atividade Física e Saúde (GEPAF), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: paulohguerra@usp.br.
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jonas Augusto Cardoso
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: da Silveira
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Atividade Física e Saúde (GEPAF), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emanuel Péricles
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Salvador
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000517:prevention & control; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012572:School Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Atividade física; Children; Crianças; Educação nutricional; Escola; Nutrition education; Overweight; Physical activity; Review; Revisão; School; Sobrepeso