title: Fluoride Content in Alcoholic Drinks.
abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the role of alcoholic drinks as a potential source of dietary fluoride by means of measuring fluoride levels in selected alcoholic drinks available on the Polish market that are also diverse in terms of the percentage content of ethanol. The study was conducted on 48 types of drinks with low, medium, and high alcohol content available on the Polish market and offered by various manufacturers, both Polish and foreign. Fluoride concentrations in individual samples were measured by potentiometric method with a fluoride ion-selective electrode. The highest fluoride levels were determined in the lowest percentage drinks (less than 10 % v/v ethanol), with the lowest fluoride levels observed in the highest percentage drinks (above 40 % v/v ethanol). In terms of types of alcoholic drinks, the highest fluoride levels were determined in beers and wines, while the lowest levels were observed in vodkas. These data confirm the fact that alcoholic beverages need to be considered as a significant source of fluoride delivered into the body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, PowstańcówWlkp. av. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goschorska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24 street, 71-460, Szczecin, Poland. gutowska@pum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gutowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, PowstańcówWlkp. av. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baranowska-Bosiacka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, PowstańcówWlkp. av. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika Ewa
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rać
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, PowstańcówWlkp. av. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chlubek
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D011044:Poland
chemical_list: D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Alcoholic drinks; Fluoride content; Fluoride intake