title: Dietary Patterns Seem to Influence the Development of Perfusion Changes in Cardiac Syndrome X Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is linked with changes in the heart's micro-vasculature, without significant changes in main coronary vessels. According to ESC 2013 stable coronary artery disease criteria, CSX was replaced by Microvascular Angina (MA). While no changes in main coronary vessels are present, most patients still suffer from angina-like chest pains, which significantly diminish their quality of life. CSX is recognized among other coronary diseases and is now considered to be a form of stable angina. In most CSX patients we can visualize perfusion changes in the left ventricle.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Since it is well known that the kind of diet can greatly influence the development of coronary disease, our aim was to evaluate the influence of diet on the myocardial perfusion in the group of patients who were diagnosed of CSX. In addition, we tried to verify whether there is any correlation between dietary patterns and perfusion changes visualized in this group of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Toward this goal we screened for the presence of CSX a group of 436 women who suffered from angina-like symptoms and whose routinely performed angiography revealed no changes in coronary vessels. Out of these, 55 women with CSX diagnosis, completed questionnaires regarding their nutritional patterns and underwent both myocardial perfusion studies (MPI) and exercise tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the studied group dietary patterns were far from normal values, with the majority of women consuming too much protein, animal fats and sugars in their daily diet, and too low amounts of complex carbohydrates and oils. We were not able to find definite correlations between diet and perfusion changes; however, women whose diet included too high fat and protein intake, seemed to have worse perfusion pattern in MPI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutritional pattern seems to have an impact on development of myocardial perfusion changes in CSX patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland Nuclear Medicine Department, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Szot
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zając
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Department, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland Cardiovascular Diseases Clinic, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kostkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kolarzyk
mesh_terms: D003326:Coronary Circulation; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation; D017566:Microvascular Angina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055414:Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins