title: Dynamics of individual perceptual decisions.
abstract: Perceptual decision making is fundamental to a broad range of fields including neurophysiology, economics, medicine, advertising, law, etc. Although recent findings have yielded major advances in our understanding of perceptual decision making, decision making as a function of time and frequency (i.e., decision-making dynamics) is not well understood. To limit the review length, we focus most of this review on human findings. Animal findings, which are extensively reviewed elsewhere, are included when beneficial or necessary. We attempt to put these various findings and data sets, which can appear to be unrelated in the absence of a formal dynamic analysis, into context using published models. Specifically, by adding appropriate dynamic mechanisms (e.g., high-pass filters) to existing models, it appears that a number of otherwise seemingly disparate findings from the literature might be explained. One hypothesis that arises through this dynamic analysis is that decision making includes phasic (high pass) neural mechanisms, an evidence accumulator and/or some sort of midtrial decision-making mechanism (e.g., peak detector and/or decision boundary).
authors.affiliation: Jenks Vestibular Physiology Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and dan_merfeld@meei.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Merfeld
authors.affiliation: Jenks Vestibular Physiology Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Torin K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Yue M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Jenks Vestibular Physiology Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karmali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003657:Decision Making; D006801:Humans; D010465:Perception; D012684:Sensory Thresholds
keywords: drift diffusion; signal detection; threshold