title: Catching Up or Missing Out? Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Acceptability Among 18- to 26-Year-old Men Who Have Sex With Men in a US National Sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by human papillomavirus (HPV)-related outcomes and would benefit from HPV vaccination in adolescence. We assessed HPV vaccine attitudes, uptake, and barriers in this high-risk young MSM (YMSM) population.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online US sample of 1457 YMSM aged 18 to 26 years were recruited in December 2011 to examine HPV vaccine acceptability and uptake. The online survey included sociodemographics, HPV vaccine attitudes, acceptability, HPV vaccination status, health care use, and HPV knowledge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite high use of health care in the past year (86%) and high acceptability (87.8/100) for free HPV vaccine, only 6.8% had received one or more vaccine doses. In addition, only 4% of unvaccinated men had been offered the vaccine by their health care provider (HCP). In a multivariate regression of unvaccinated men, increased vaccine acceptability was associated with an HCP recommendation, worry about getting infected with HPV, and being tested for a sexually transmitted disease in the past year, whereas safety concerns, lower perceived risk of infection, and shame associated with HPV infection/disease were associated with decreased vaccine acceptability. Through logistic regression, vaccine uptake was associated with being tested for a sexually transmitted disease in the past year, disclosure of being gay or bisexual to a doctor, and greater HPV knowledge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health care providers need to use routine points of contact with YMSM patients to vaccinate against HPV. These data indicated missed opportunities to vaccinate YMSM who are open to HPV vaccination. In the future, HCPs of YMSM should be careful to avoid missed opportunities to vaccinate.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; †Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health at IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN; ‡Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA; and §Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, NY; and ¶New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kasting
authors.forename: Joshua G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Rosenberger
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Zimet
authors.forename: Nathan W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Stupiansky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines