title: A comparative study on toxicity induced by carbosulfan and malathion in Wistar rat liver and spleen.
abstract: Organophosphorus (OP) and carbamate (CM) pesticides are widely used in agriculture. These pesticides are highly toxic to humans and their residues in food pose potential threat to human health. In this comparative study, we investigated the effect of subchronic exposure of OPs (malathion, MAL) and CM (Carbosulfan, CB) on rat liver and spleen. Biochemical analysis showed that levels of hepatic enzymes (ALT, ALP, LDH and PAL) changed after exposure to the pesticides. In the liver extracts, lipid peroxidation index increased after the treatment by pesticides. Our results indicated that exposure to MAL and CB leads to alteration of liver redox status. Both pesticides induced focal inflammation and fibrosis in the liver. After subchronic administration of MAL (200 mg/kg) and CB (25 mg/kg), systemic inflammation, as depicted by the increase in IFN-δ activity in liver, was observed in both malathion and carbosulfan treated animals. In addition, the results showed that MAL significantly increased TCD4+ and TCD8+ lymphocyte number. It also decreased INF-δ and IL-4 production. However, CB induced a reduction of TCD8+ number and cytokine production in spleen cells. In conclusion, malathion and carbosulfan had significant immunomodulatory properties in the spleen with inflammation and oxidative stress induction in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia. Electronic address: inesbini@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El-Bini Dhouib
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mohamed Montassar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lasram
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Alya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Annabi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Najoua
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gharbi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aggression Physiology and Endocrine Metabolic Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Saloua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El-Fazaa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002219:Carbamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008294:Malathion / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008294:Malathion; C035038:carbosulfan
keywords: Carbosulfan; Immunosuppression; Inflammation; Malathion; Oxidative stress; Rat