title: Muscle relaxants--the current position in the treatment of spasticity in orthopedics.
abstract: Muscle tone often exists concomitantly with pain symptoms in different neurological and orthopaedic disease entities. In order to overcome that painful symptom, it is crucial to integrate painkillers with adjunctive therapy using muscle relaxants which decrease the muscle tone. Muscle relaxants available in pharmaceutical trade suppress motor outflow through different mechanisms of action, these include drugs such as: Tizanidine, botulinum toxin, Baclofen, Tolperisone, Methocarbamol. Combining muscle relaxants with analgesics significantly improves the effectiveness of the treatment and allows to reduce drugs doses.
authors.affiliation: Zakład Wstępnych Badań Farmakologicznych, Wydział Farmaceutyczny, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Polska.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zygmunt
authors.affiliation: Zakład Wstępnych Badań Farmakologicznych, Wydział Farmaceutyczny, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Polska.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sapa
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central