title: Schistosomiasis-induced squamous cell bladder carcinoma in an HIV-infected patient.
abstract: The burden of Schistosoma haematobium-associated bladder cancer is very high in Africa; nevertheless the disease can pose considerable diagnostic challenges in low prevalence countries. We present the case of a 40-year-old HIV co-infected woman, originally from Mozambique, who had persisting haematuria for more than a year. Investigations revealed invasive S. haematobium-associated squamous cell bladder cancer. If her origin had been taken into account, the diagnosis might have been made earlier. Awareness of the disease prevalence among HIV co-infected patients from endemic areas and timely screening of such patients is important for the early diagnosis of schistosomiasis and related complications, such as S. haematobium-associated squamous cell bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, Ingemannsvej 18, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark. Electronic address: lhmarbjerg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lis Høy
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Marbjerg
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne Lindebo Holm
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Øvrehus
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Isik Somuncu
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Johansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology*; D060085:Coinfection; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012548:Schistosoma haematobium; D012553:Schistosomiasis haematobia / Q000150:complications*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Bladder cancer; Human immunodeficiency virus; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosomiasis; Squamous cell carcinoma