title: Glutathione S-transferase activity in follicular fluid from women undergoing ovarian stimulation: role in maturation.
abstract: Female infertility involves an emotional impact for the woman, often leading to a state of anxiety and low self-esteem. The assisted reproduction techniques (ART) are used to overcome the problem of infertility. In a first step of the in vitro fertilization therapy women are subjected to an ovarian stimulation protocol to obtain mature oocytes, which will result in competent oocytes necessary for fertilization to occur. Ovarian stimulation, however, subjects the women to a high physical and psychological stress, thus being essential to improve ART and to find biomarkers of dysfunction and fertility. GSH is an important antioxidant, and is also used in detoxification reactions, catalysed by glutathione S-transferases (GST). In the present work, we have investigated the involvement of GST in follicular maturation. Patients with fertility problems and oocyte donors were recruited for the study. From each woman follicles at two stages of maturation were extracted at the preovulatory stage. Follicular fluid was separated from the oocyte by centrifugation and used as the enzyme source. GST activity was determined based on its conjugation with 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene and the assay was adapted to a 96-well microplate reader. The absorbance was represented against the incubation time and the curves were adjusted to linearity (R(2)>0.990). Results showed that in both donors and patients GST activity was significantly lower in mature oocytes compared to small ones. These results suggest that GST may play a role in the follicle maturation by detoxifying xenobiotics, thus contributing to the normal development of the oocyte. Supported by FIS/FEDER (PI11/02559), Gobierno Vasco (Dep. Educación, Universiades e Investigación, IT687-13), and UPV/EHU (CLUMBER UFI11/20 and PES13/58). The work was approved by the Ethics Committee of the UPV/EHU (CEISH/96/2011/RUIZLARREA), and performed according to the UPV/EHU and IVI-Bilbao agreement (Ref. 2012/01).
authors.affiliation: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (Medicine and Dentistry School), Department of Physiology, Spain. Electronic address: sumeijide@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meijide
authors.affiliation: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (Medicine and Dentistry School), Department of Physiology, Spain.
authors.forename: M Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (Medicine and Dentistry School), Department of Physiology, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosaura
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: Valencian Institute of Infertility (IVI), Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Zaloa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Larreategui
authors.affiliation: Valencian Institute of Infertility (IVI), Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrando
authors.affiliation: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (Medicine and Dentistry School), Department of Physiology, Spain.
authors.forename: José Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Sanz
authors.affiliation: University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (Medicine and Dentistry School), Department of Physiology, Spain.
authors.forename: M Begoña
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Larrea