title: "There are risks to be taken and some just push it too far": how farmers perceive quad-bike incident risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To qualitatively explore how farmers perceive personal risk of an occupational quad-bike incident and develop a model of the factors that modify this perception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Grounded theory methods were used to inform data collection and analysis. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with eight New Zealand livestock farmers. Interviews were inductively analysed to derive categories that helped explain the processes involved in quad-bike incident risk perception.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Farmers perceived personal risk of experiencing a quad-bike incident could be modelled on a sliding scale from low to high. Four core categories encapsulated risk perception: the impact of previous quad-bike incidents; personal attributes; getting the job done; and being familiar with the performance of the quad bike, the terrain and task(s) being undertaken. An exploratory model was developed to elucidate the temporal gap between farmers' reflections on their perceived risk and reported real-time risk management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings have implications for planning quad-bike safety interventions, which may benefit from incorporating both 'reflective' contemplation of risks and skills for coping with things suddenly going wrong 'in the moment'.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Teaching Research Unit, University of Otago, New Zealand.|Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, University of Otago, New Zealand.|School of Physical Therapy, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clay
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Teaching Research Unit, University of Otago, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hay-Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Gareth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Treharne
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Therapy, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milosavljevic
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture; D001290:Attitude; D000067565:Farmers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D066296:Grounded Theory; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D019359:Knowledge; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015541:Off-Road Motor Vehicles; D010465:Perception; D036301:Qualitative Research; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Off-road motor vehicles; accidents, occupational; agriculture; health behaviour; qualitative research