title: The Relationship between Hope and Self-Esteem in Patients with Leukemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with hematologic malignancies often experience many emotional reactions which are different based on patient's culture. Indeed culture determines the different ways that patients understand cancer. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship of self-esteem and hope among Iranian cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This descriptive-correlational study was undertaken among 85 leukemic patients admitted to Shahid Ghazi hospital in East-Azerbaijan province, Iran. They were selected using consecutive sampling method. Persian form of Hearth Hope Index and Coppersmith Self-Esteem Inventory were used to identify patients' hope and self-esteem. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall scores of hope and self-esteem were 33.05 (5.24) and 94.61 (11.51), respectively. There was a positive correlation between hope and self-esteem (rs = 0.73, n = 85, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although culture determines the different ways that patients understand cancer, but it seems that the self-esteem and hope relationship could be similar in different cultures. The findings of this study indicate that nurses could be helpful through designing and implementing appropriate educational programs in order to enhance hope and self-esteem of leukemia patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medic1Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iranal-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Kobra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Parvan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Faranak
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jabbarzadeh Tabrizi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Azad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahmani
authors.affiliation: Liver and Gastrointestinal, Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghojazadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golchin
keywords: Hope; Leukemia; Self esteem