title: Physico-chemical characterization and enzymatic functionalization of Enteromorpha sp. cellulose.
abstract: Although green macro-algae represent a renewable and highly abundant biomass, they remain poorly exploited in terms of carbohydrate polymers compared to red and brown ones and other lignocellulosic materials. In this study, cellulose from the green macro-algae Enteromorpha sp. was isolated, physico-chemically characterized and enzymatically functionalized. The cellulose content was about 21.4% (w/w). FTIR analyses indicated an absence of acetyl or uronic esters confirming the absence of hemicellulose contamination. The 36% crystallinity index of the extracted cellulose revealed a high amorphous character as determined by X-ray diffraction. The moisture adsorption isotherms and specific surface measurements were respectively 42.87g/100g and 8.34m(2)/g. The Enteromorpha sp. cellulose was first enzymatically saccharified by a commercial cellulase preparation from Aspergillus niger with a hydrolysis yield of 70.4%. Besides, it was successfully functionalized based on the transglycosylation mechanism of the same enzymatic preparation, to produce highly added-value biosurfactants (butyl-glucoside) with a concentration of 8mM.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'ingénierie des protéines et des molécules bioactives, Université de Carthage, INSAT-BP 676, Centre urbain nord, 1080 Carthage Cedex, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mohamed Amine
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jmel
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'ingénierie des protéines et des molécules bioactives, Université de Carthage, INSAT-BP 676, Centre urbain nord, 1080 Carthage Cedex, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ghazi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ben Messaoud
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'ingénierie des protéines et des molécules bioactives, Université de Carthage, INSAT-BP 676, Centre urbain nord, 1080 Carthage Cedex, Tunisia.
authors.forename: M Nejib
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Marzouki
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de chimie physique industrielle, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mathlouthi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'ingénierie des protéines et des molécules bioactives, Université de Carthage, INSAT-BP 676, Centre urbain nord, 1080 Carthage Cedex, Tunisia. Electronic address: issam.smaali@insat.rnu.tn.
authors.forename: Issam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smaali
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology; D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D044445:Ulva; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D002482:Cellulose; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: Alkyl-glucoside; Cellulose; Enteromorpha sp.; Macroalgae; Saccharification; Transglycosylation