title: Discrimination of the effects on zebrafish reproduction from pollutants in drinking water via female, via male and/or via fecundation water.
abstract: The lack of preventive policy legislation and the low removal rate of organic pollutants in conventional potabilization treatments lead to some of them being present in drinking water. The problem arises because some of these substances have detrimental effects on human reproduction health, via females, via males or even both. In this work, we established the zebrafish as a bioindicator of these types of substances with the goal of discriminating the effects through three different pathways: male, female or water where the fertilization took place. For this purpose, four parameters were analysed: fertility rate, hatching rate and survival and abnormalities rates. So, for each parameter two groups were formed, according to whether adult males or females were reared in bottled spring water (Z) or tap water (B) and if the in vitro fertilization took place in water Z or B. Results revealed a decline in the fertility and hatching rate in water B, due to a water effect. The most plausible explanation could be the presence of substances which affect the micropyle and chorion. Moreover, a decrease in the fertility rate due to an effect over the female was also observed, but in this case by an alteration of the oocyte quality.
authors.affiliation: Aquaculture and Environmental Research Group (ACUMA),Universidad Politécnica de Valencia,Camino de Vera 14,46022,Valencia,Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Sales
authors.affiliation: Aquaculture and Environmental Research Group (ACUMA),Universidad Politécnica de Valencia,Camino de Vera 14,46022,Valencia,Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Ximénez
authors.affiliation: Aquaculture and Environmental Research Group (ACUMA),Universidad Politécnica de Valencia,Camino de Vera 14,46022,Valencia,Spain.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Espinós
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Bioindicator; Drinking water; Organic pollutants; Reproductive effects; Zebrafish