title: Relationship between periodontitis-associated subgingival microbiota and clinical inflammation by 16S pyrosequencing.
abstract: To analyse the relationship between the chronic periodontitis-associated subgingival microbiota and clinical inflammation.
  
  
  
  Sixty subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis participated in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their bleeding on probing (BOP) scores: BOP-1 group (mean scores ≤50% in sampled sites) and BOP-2 group (mean scores >50%). Subgingival bacterial samples from periodontal patients were studied by pyrosequencing PCR products of the 16S rRNA gene and by real-time PCR.
  
  
  
  In all the analysed subgingival samples, 102 bacterial genera and 203 species (from 41 genera of interest) were identified. Rarefaction curves showed a greater number of bacterial species in samples from BOP-2 group compared to BOP-1 group. The BOP-1 group had significantly higher abundance percentages of Anaeroglobus (especifically, A. geminatus), Capnocytophaga (especifically C. gingivalis), TM7 and Veillonella. The BOP-2 had significantly higher abundance percentages of Desulfobulbus (especially D. propionicus), Eubacterium (especially E. saphenum), Filifactor alocis, Streptococcus constellatus, Tannerella (especially, T. forsythia) and Treponema.
  
  
  
  16S pyrosequencing revealed that increased inflammation, at sites with periodontitis, is associated with a more diverse subgingival microbiota and specific changes in the bacterial composition, involving "established" periopathogens, symbionts and novel low-abundance pathobionts.
authors.affiliation: FISABIO Foundation, Centre for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camelo-Castillo
authors.affiliation: Special Needs Unit and Periodontology Unit, Oral Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Novoa
authors.affiliation: Special Needs Unit and Periodontology Unit, Oral Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balsa-Castro
authors.affiliation: Special Needs Unit and Periodontology Unit, Oral Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.affiliation: FISABIO Foundation, Centre for Advanced Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.affiliation: Special Needs Unit and Periodontology Unit, Oral Sciences Research Group, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tomás
mesh_terms: D001439:Bacteroides; D003773:Dental Plaque; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D064307:Microbiota; D010518:Periodontitis; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: 16S ribosomal RNA; bacterial load; chronic periodontitis; microbiome; pyrosequencing; subgingival plaque