title: Acute Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Fenpyroximate to Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae).
abstract: Knowledge about the effects of pesticides on biological control agents is required in order to successfully implement integrated pest management programs. The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot has been used to control thrips, whiteflies, and broad mites in vegetable production; however, effects of fenpyroximate, an acaricide and insecticide used in vegetable crops, on A. swirskii have not been evaluated. The effect of four residual concentrations of fenpyroximate on A. swirskii females was measured under laboratory conditions including its effect on their fecundity and larval survival. Fresh residues of fenpyroximate were significantly toxic to adult females and larvae. Mortality increased and fecundity decreased as the concentration (0.026-0.208 ml/50 ml of water) and time after treatment (24-120 h) increased. Fifty percent of the larvae survived on the two lower concentrations (0.026 and 0.052 ml/50 ml of water) after 120 h.
authors.affiliation: Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 14625 County Rd., 672, Wimauma, FL 33598. lorelopezq.257@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 14625 County Rd., 672, Wimauma, FL 33598.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoy
authors.affiliation: Entomology and Nematology Department, Emerging Pathogens Institute, 2055 Mowry Rd., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bloomquist
mesh_terms: D000053:Acari / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D056810:Acaricides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001565:Benzoates / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D056810:Acaricides; D001565:Benzoates; D011720:Pyrazoles; C415144:fenpyroximate
keywords: acaricide; insecticide; predatory mite; residual concentration; side effect