title: Potentiated Osteoinductivity via Cotransfection with BMP-2 and VEGF Genes in Microencapsulated C2C12 Cells.
abstract: Microcapsules with entrapped cells hold great promise for repairing bone defects. Unfortunately, the osteoinductivity of microcapsules has been restricted by many factors, among which the deficiency of functional proteins is a significant priority. We potentiated the osteoinductivity of microencapsulated cells via cotransfection with BMP-2 and VEGF genes. Various tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and cell lines were compared for BMP-2 and VEGF cotransfection. Ethidium bromide (EB)/Calcein AM staining revealed that all of the cell categories could survive for 4 weeks after microencapsulation. An ELISA assay indicated that all microencapsulated BMP-2 or VEGF transfected cells could secrete gene products constitutively for 1 month. Particularly, the recombinant microencapsulated C2C12 cells released the most desirable level of BMP-2 and VEGF. Further experiments demonstrated that microencapsulated BMP-2 and VEGF cotransfected C2C12 cells generated both BMP-2 and VEGF for 4 weeks. Additionally, the cotransfection of BMP-2 and VEGF in microencapsulated C2C12 cells showed a stronger osteogenic induction against BMSCs than individual BMP-2-transfected microencapsulated C2C12 cells. These results demonstrated that the cotransfection of BMP-2 and VEGF into microencapsulated C2C12 cells is of potent utility for the potentiation of bone regeneration, which would provide a promising clinical strategy for cellular therapy in bone defects.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 20011, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 20011, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 20011, China.
authors.forename: Qiming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 20011, China.
authors.forename: Shuhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 20011, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002214:Capsules; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D051379:Mice; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D002214:Capsules; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse