title: Bacterial molybdoenzymes: old enzymes for new purposes.
abstract: Molybdoenzymes are widespread in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms where they play crucial functions in detoxification reactions in the metabolism of humans and bacteria, in nitrate assimilation in plants and in anaerobic respiration in bacteria. To be fully active, these enzymes require complex molybdenum-containing cofactors, which are inserted into the apoenzymes after folding. For almost all the bacterial molybdoenzymes, molybdenum cofactor insertion requires the involvement of specific chaperones. In this review, an overview on the molybdenum cofactor biosynthetic pathway is given together with the role of specific chaperones dedicated for molybdenum cofactor insertion and maturation. Many bacteria are involved in geochemical cycles on earth and therefore have an environmental impact. The roles of molybdoenzymes in bioremediation and for environmental applications are presented.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leimkühler
authors.affiliation: The Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13402 Marseille cedex 20, France iobbi@imm.cnrs.fr.
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iobbi-Nivol
mesh_terms: D001051:Apoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D011621:Pteridines / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001051:Apoenzymes; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003067:Coenzymes; D008667:Metalloproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D000090006:Molybdenum Cofactors; D011621:Pteridines; C022261:molybdopterin
keywords: TorD family; XdhC; bioremediation; molybdenum cofactor; molybdoenzyme maturation; specific chaperons