title: Transparent intracortical microprobe array for simultaneous spatiotemporal optical stimulation and multichannel electrical recording.
abstract: Optogenetics, the selective excitation or inhibition of neural circuits by light, has become a transformative approach for dissecting functional brain microcircuits, particularly in in vivo rodent models, owing to the expanding libraries of opsins and promoters. Yet there is a lack of versatile devices that can deliver spatiotemporally patterned light while performing simultaneous sensing to map the dynamics of perturbed neural populations at the network level. We have created optoelectronic actuator and sensor microarrays that can be used as monolithic intracortical implants, fabricated from an optically transparent, electrically highly conducting semiconductor ZnO crystal. The devices can perform simultaneous light delivery and electrical readout in precise spatial registry across the microprobe array. We applied the device technology in transgenic mice to study light-perturbed cortical microcircuit dynamics and their effects on behavior. The functionality of this device can be further expanded to optical imaging and patterned electrical microstimulation.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Joonhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Kyu
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.|Brown Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Arto V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Nurmikko
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D000075402:Channelrhodopsins; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D055355:Opsins / Q000235:genetics; D055100:Optical Fibers; D062308:Optogenetics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012666:Semiconductors; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D015034:Zinc Oxide
chemical_list: D000075402:Channelrhodopsins; D055355:Opsins; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; D015034:Zinc Oxide