title: Western dietary pattern is related to premenstrual syndrome: a case-control study.
abstract: Although premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects a large number of women of reproductive age, the aetiology of this disorder has not yet been fully elucidated. The relationship between food intake and PMS morbidity has been investigated in several studies, but dietary patterns of PMS patients have not been taken into consideration up to now. We examined dietary patterns of 320 nurses with (n 160) and without (n 160) PMS in a case-control study. Food intakes over the past year were determined using semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis was used to identify the main dietary patterns, and logistic regression was used to model the relationship between dietary patterns and PMS morbidity. Three dietary patterns were identified in the analysis: healthy, Western and traditional. After adjustment for age, BMI, menstrual cycles, physical activity and energy intake, participants in the second (OR 2·53; 95 % CI 1·18, 5·43) and third (OR 4·39; 95 % CI 1·97, 9·81) quintiles of the Western dietary pattern were more likely to experience PMS compared with those in the first quintile. The study findings therefore reveal that Western dietary pattern might be associated with PMS morbidity. However, this result should be interpreted with caution as there was no evidence of a dose-response relationship. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Community Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 14155/6117,Iran.
authors.forename: Negin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Farasati
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Community Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 14155/6117,Iran.
authors.forename: Fereydoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Siassi
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Cellular,Molecular Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 14155/6117,Iran.
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koohdani
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Community Medicine,School of Public Health,Alborz University of Medical Sciences,Karaj,Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Community Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 14155/6117,Iran.
authors.forename: Karolin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abashzadeh
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Community Nutrition,School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics,Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran 14155/6117,Iran.
authors.forename: Gity
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sotoudeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D066273:Diet, Western / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009043:Motor Activity; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome
keywords: Dietary patterns; Food intake; PMS premenstrual syndrome; PSST premenstrual symptoms screening tool; Premenstrual syndrome; Western dietary pattern