title: Effects of daily pain intensity, positive affect, and individual differences in pain acceptance on work goal interference and progress.
abstract: Multilevel modeling was used to examine the effects of morning pain intensity and morning positive and negative affect on pain's interference with afternoon work goal pursuit and with evening work goal progress in a community sample of 132 adults who completed a 21-day diary. The moderating effects of pain acceptance and pain catastrophizing on the associations between morning pain intensity and afternoon work goal interference were also tested. Results revealed that the positive relationship between morning pain intensity and pain's interference with work goal pursuit was significantly moderated by pain acceptance, but not by pain catastrophizing. Both morning pain intensity and positive affect exerted significant indirect effects on evening work goal progress through the perception of pain's interference with work goal pursuit in the afternoon. Furthermore, the mediated effect of morning pain on evening work goal progress was significant when pain acceptance was at the grand mean and 1 SD below the grand mean, but not when pain acceptance was 1 SD above the grand mean. Thus, it appears that high pain acceptance significantly attenuates pain's capacity to disrupt work goal pursuit. Moreover, morning positive affect appears to operate as a protective factor. Additional interpretations and potential explanations for some inconsistent outcomes are discussed along with limitations, clinical implications, and suggestions for future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Chung Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karoly
authors.forename: Morris A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Okun
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D058443:Catastrophization / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology*