title: Trafficking of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface.
abstract: In eukaryotes, many cell surface proteins are attached to the plasma membrane via a glycolipid glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) receive the GPI anchor as a conserved posttranslational modification in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). After anchor attachment, the GPI anchor is structurally remodeled to function as a transport signal that actively triggers the delivery of GPI-APs from the ER to the plasma membrane, via the Golgi apparatus. The structure and composition of the GPI anchor confer a special mode of interaction with membranes of GPI-APs within the lumen of secretory organelles that lead them to be differentially trafficked from other secretory membrane proteins. In this review, we examine the mechanisms by which GPI-APs are selectively transported through the secretory pathway, with special focus on the recent progress made in their actively regulated export from the ER and the trans-Golgi network.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain Universidad de Sevilla and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain mmuniz@us.es.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñiz
authors.affiliation: National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riezman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D021601:trans-Golgi Network / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: glycolipid anchor remodeling; lipid-based sorting; p24 complex