title: Characteristics and safety of interventions and procedures performed during catheterisation of patients with congenital heart disease: early report from the national cardiovascular data registry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to report procedural characteristics and adverse events on the data collected in the IMproving Paediatric and Adult Congenital Treatment registry.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The IMproving Paediatric and Adult Congenital Treatment- registry is a catheterisation registry focussed on paediatric and adult patients with congenital heart disease who are undergoing diagnostic catheterisations and catheter-based interventions. This study reports procedural characteristics and adverse events of patients who have undergone selected catheterisation procedures from January, 2011 to June, 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic, clinical, procedural, and institutional data elements were collected at participating centres and entered via either a web-based platform or software provided by the American College of Cardiology-certified vendors, and were collected in a secure, centralised database. For the purpose of this study, procedures that were not classified as one of the 'core' IMproving Paediatric and Adult Congenital Treatment procedures originally chosen for additional data collection were identified and selected for further data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the time frame of data collection, a total of 8021 cases were classified as other procedures and/or multiple procedures. The most commonly performed case types - isolated or in combination with other procedures - were right ventricular biopsy in 3433 (42.8%), conduit/MPA interventions in 979 (12.3%), and systemic pulmonary artery collateral occlusion in 601 (7.5%). For the whole cohort, adverse events of any severity occurred in 957 (12.0%) cases, whereas major adverse events occurred in 113 (1.4%) cases; six patients (0.1%) died in the catheterisation laboratory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IMproving Paediatric and Adult Congenital Treatment registry has provided important data on the frequency and spectrum of cardiac catheterisation procedures performed in the present era. For many procedures, more data and work are needed to identify more subtle differences between case categories, especially as it relates to the incidence of major adverse events, and to further develop a risk-adjustment methodology to allow equitable comparisons among institutions.
authors.affiliation: 1Sidra Medical & Research Center,Doha,Qatar.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holzer
authors.affiliation: 2Cincinnati Children's Hospital,Cincinnati,United States of America.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beekman
authors.affiliation: 3Toronto Hospital for Sick Children,Toronto,Canada.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.affiliation: 4Boston Children's Hospital,Boston,United States of America.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bergersen
authors.affiliation: 5Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute,Kansas City,United States of America.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jayaram
authors.affiliation: 4Boston Children's Hospital,Boston,United States of America.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.affiliation: 6Saint Luke's Health System,Kansas City,United States of America.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: 7Rady Children's Hospital,San Dieho,United States of America.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: 8John Hopkins Hospital,Baltimore,United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ringel
authors.affiliation: 9Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,Philadelphia,United States of America.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rome
authors.affiliation: 10Children's Healthcare of Atlanta,Atlanta,United States of America.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.affiliation: 11Children's National Medical Center,Washington,United States of America.
authors.forename: Gerard R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D062906:Cardiac Catheters / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002309:Cardiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012042:Registries; D014481:United States
keywords: Cardiac catheterisation; adverse events; congenital heart disease