title: Best practice in management of paediatric and adolescent hydrosalpinges: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydrosalpinx is a rare cause of abdominal pain in paediatric patients, though cases are documented in the literature. Its aetiology differs considerably from traditional hydrosalpinx due to ascending sexually transmitted infection. Hydrosalpinx can present mimicking an acute abdomen or can be asymptomatic. Management of paediatric hydrosalpinx varies, but often involves surgical removal of the affected tube.
  
  
  METHODS
  In June 2015, a literature search using relevant keywords was completed on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to determine best management of paediatric hydrosalpinx.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 66 cases from 38 articles. Surgical intervention took place in 74% of cases (n=49). The most common surgical intervention was salpingectomy. In 3% of cases (n=2), nonsurgical medical management with hormonal therapy was utilized, with post-operative improvement in symptomology. In 23% of cases (n=15), conservative management was utilized: 2 of these cases torted, 4 cases persisted and 9 cases resolved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the results of this review demonstrate that there are comparable outcomes between surgical, medical and conservative management. However, medical and conservative management was not often offered, and more research is needed on the subject.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester School of Medicine, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Zainab.Kazmi@Student.Manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Zainab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kazmi
authors.affiliation: Women's Health Directorate, Royal Preston Hospital, Sharoe Green Lane North, Preston, Lancashire PR2 9HT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sujata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003279:Contraceptives, Oral, Sequential / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019468:Disease Management; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D058994:Salpingectomy; D012489:Salpingostomy; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003279:Contraceptives, Oral, Sequential; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
keywords: Fertility; Gynaecology; Hydrosalpinx; Paediatric surgery; Salpingectomy; Tubal torsion