title: Adding yeasts with sugar to increase the number of effective insecticide classes to manage Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in cherry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drosophila suzukii is a major pest of cherry in the western United States. We evaluated whether the addition of sugary baits could improve the efficacy of two classes of insecticides not considered to be sufficiently effective for this pest, diamides and spinosyns, in laboratory and field trials in cherry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adding cane sugar alone or in combination with the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Aureobasidium pullulans significantly improved insecticide efficacy. However, the significance of adding yeasts to the sugar plus insecticide on fly mortality varied with respect to both the insecticide and yeast species. The addition of S. cerevisiae to sugar also did not significantly reduce egg densities in fruit compared with sugar alone. The addition of a yeast plus sugar significantly reduced egg densities in three field trials with cyantraniliprole and in two out of three trials with spinosad.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of cane sugar with or without yeast can improve the effectiveness of diamide and spinosyn insecticides for D. suzukii in cherry. Inclusion of these two insecticides in D. suzukii management programs may alleviate the strong selection pressure currently being imposed on a few mode-of-action insecticide classes used by growers to maintain fly suppression over long continuous harvest periods of mixed cultivars. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
authors.affiliation: Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Wapato, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Basoalto
authors.affiliation: Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Wapato, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Wee
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.affiliation: Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Medford, OR, USA.
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hilton
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Peoria, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Cletus P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Kurtzman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota; D004330:Drosophila; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D010574:Pesticide Synergists; D000068220:Prunus avium; D011720:Pyrazoles; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D013395:Sucrose; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D010574:Pesticide Synergists; D011720:Pyrazoles; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; D013395:Sucrose; C558219:cyantraniliprole; C415329:spinosad
keywords: pest management; spotted-wing drosophila; sugar; yeast