title: Comparison of combined treatment with desmopressin plus oxybutynin and desmopressin plus tolterodine in treatment of children with primary nocturnal enuresis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nocturnal enuresis (enuresis) is one of the most common developmental problems of childhood, which has often a familial basis, causes mental and psychological damage to the child and disrupts family solace.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we compared therapeutic effects of combination therapy of desmopressin plus oxybutynin with desmopressin plus tolterodine, in the treatment of children with primary nocturnal enuresis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study is a clinical trial study, where 59 patients with primary nocturnal enuresis in the age range of 5 to 14 years old were selected from the visitors of nephrology clinic of Dr. Sheikh pediatrics hospital (Mashhad, Iran). Patients were divided into 2 treatment groups where the first group received combined therapy with desmopressin and oxybutynin, and the second group received combined therapy with desmopressin and tolterodine. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16 software and descriptive and analytical statistics (chi-square test).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean of age of patients in total was 2.55 ± 7.90 years. In the treatment group with desmopressin and oxybutynin, 26 of 30 patients (86.7%) achieved a complete remission and 4 patients (13.3%) still suffered from enuresis during a 3-month evaluation. The comparison of 2 groups, in terms of the outcome of the 3-month treatment, showed significant differences between the remission and recovery of 2 groups, where the recovery in the group with desmopressin plus tolterodine was higher than the group with desmopressin plus oxybutynin (P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that combined treatment with desmopressin plus tolterodine performs better than desmopressin plus oxybutynin .
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Anoush
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azarfar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esmaeili
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghane
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Development Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Yalda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ravanshad
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vejdani
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghanei
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babaei-Heydarabadi
authors.affiliation: Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed-Ehsan
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Saffari
keywords: Desmopressin; Oxybutynin; Primary nocturnal enuresis; Tolterodine