title: Judicious use of kinetin to improve growth and yield of rice in nickel contaminated soil.
abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of kinetin on growth and yield of rice in the presence and absence of nickel contamination. Rice seedlings were dipped in kinetin solution (10(-3), 10(-4) and 10 M(-5)) for 2 hours and transplanted in pots having soil contaminated with nickel sulfate @ 130 mg kg(-1). Experiment was laid out according to completely randomized design with four replications. Results revealed that kinetin significantly improved growth and yield of rice grown in nickel contamination. Kinetin @ 10(-4) M showed maximum improvement in plant height, paddy yield, 1000 grain weight, number of tillers and panicles up to 9.76, 15.72, 11.77, 11.87, and 10.90%, respectively, as compared to plants grown in contaminated soil without kinetin. Kinetin also improved the uptake of nutrients (NPK) in straw and grain of plants grown in Ni contaminated soil. Plants treated with kinetin had more concentration of Ni in shoot but less in grain compared to plants grown in Ni contaminated soil without application of kinetin. The application of kinetin can reduce stress effect on plants through improvement in the biomass of plant. This strategy could be used to increase the phytoextraction of Ni from the contaminated soil.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nazir
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hafiz Naeem
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Asghar
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zahir Ahmad
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zahir
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Javed
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saleem
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D007701:Kinetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009532:Nickel / Q000633:toxicity*; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007701:Kinetin; D009532:Nickel; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: contamination; cytokinin; heavy metals; plant growth regulators; stress