title: Differential Toxicokinetics Determines the Sensitivity of Two Marine Embryonic Fish Exposed to Iranian Heavy Crude Oil.
abstract: Interspecific difference in the developmental toxicity of crude oil to embryonic fish allows the prediction of injury extent to a number of resident fish species in oil spill sites. This study clarifies the comparative developmental effects of Iranian heavy crude oil (IHCO) on the differences of biouptake and toxic sensitivity between embryonic spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculates) and olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). From 24 h after exposure to IHCO, several morphological defects were observed in both species of embryonic fish, including pericardial edema, dorsal curvature of the trunk, developmental delay, and reduced finfolds. The severity of defects was greater in flounder compared to that in sea bass. While flounder embryos accumulated higher embryo PAH concentrations than sea bass, the former showed significantly lower levels of CYP1A expression. Although bioconcentration ratios were similar between the two species for some PAHs, phenanthrenes and dibenzothiophenes showed selectively higher bioconcentration ratios in flounder, suggesting that this species has a reduced metabolic capacity for these compounds. While consistent with a conserved cardiotoxic mechanism for petrogenic PAHs across diverse marine and freshwater species, these findings indicate that species-specific differences in toxicokinetics can be an important factor underlying species' sensitivity to crude oil.
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Jee-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Moonkoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Un Hyuk
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Joon
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology , 41 Jangmok1-gil Geoje, 53201, Korea.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA) , 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112 United States.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Incardona
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA) , 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112 United States.
authors.forename: Tiffany L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Linbo
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University , 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism; D001492:Bass / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005432:Flounder / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D013045:Species Specificity; D066007:Toxicokinetics; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases