title: Increased expression of NDEL1 and MBP genes in the peripheral blood of antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode psychosis.
abstract: Schizophrenia is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder with high heritability. First-episode psychosis (FEP) is a critical period for determining the disease prognosis and is especially helpful for identifying potential biomarkers associated with the onset and progression of the disorder. We investigated the mRNA expression of 12 schizophrenia-related genes in the blood of antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients (N=73) and healthy controls (N=73). To evaluate the influences of antipsychotic treatment and progression of the disorder, we compared the gene expression within patients before and after two months of treatment with risperidone (N=64). We observed a significantly increased myelin basic protein (MBP) and nuclear distribution protein nudE-like 1 (NDEL1) mRNA levels in FEP patients compared with controls. Comparing FEP before and after risperidone treatment, no significant differences were identified; however; a trend of relatively low NDEL1 expression was observed after risperidone treatment. Animals chronically treated with saline or risperidone exhibited no significant change in Ndel1 expression levels in the blood or the prefrontal cortex (PFC), suggesting that the trend of low NDEL1 expression observed in FEP patients after treatment is likely due to factors other than risperidone treatment (i.e., disease progression). In addition to the recognized association with schizophrenia, MBP and NDEL1 gene products also play an essential role in the functions that are deregulated in schizophrenia, such as neurodevelopment. Our data strengthen the importance of these biological processes in psychotic disorders, indicating that these changes can be detected peripherally and potentially represent putative novel blood biomarkers of susceptibility and disorder progression.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Kiyomi
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (ISCMSP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noto
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Leite
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leticia Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Spindola
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (ISCMSP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Sauerbronn
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gouvea
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina Muniz
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Maurício
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cinthia Hiroko
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yonamine
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia Natalia
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Costhek
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Abílio
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirian Akemi F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brietzke
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ary
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gadelha
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (ISCMSP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Quirino
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.affiliation: LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Affonseca
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bressan
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division of Department of Morphology and Genetics of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; LiNC - Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences of UNIFESP, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry of UNIFESP, Brazil. Electronic address: sinbelangero@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sintia Iole
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Belangero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; C421108:NDEL1 protein, human
keywords: Antipsychotic; Myelin; Neurodevelopment; Risperidone; Schizophrenia; Treatment response