title: Development and content validity of the Norwegian Self-Assessment of Modes Questionnaire (N-SAMQ).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Intentional Relationship Model (IRM) introduced six therapeutic modes as ways of relating to clients. By increasing occupational therapists' awareness of modes, and by increasing their skills in using them, therapists may improve their interactions with clients. The Self-Assessment of Modes Questionnaire may assist in increasing awareness of modes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the process of developing a Norwegian version of the Self-Assessment of Modes Questionnaire (N-SAMQ) and to evaluate its content validity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10-step translation and adaptation procedure was followed. Occupational therapists working in diverse practice areas completed the preliminary N-SAMQ version. Individual cognitive interviews were performed with these therapists in order to examine the comprehensibility and cultural appropriateness of the N-SAMQ.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initially, one item was omitted. Following the pilot study (n = 7), two of the remaining items were modified with a view to increasing their cultural relevance. Otherwise, modifications were made mostly in terms of words and phrasing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The N-SAMQ appears to have good face and content validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the N-SAMQ, Norwegian occupational therapists can assess their preferred therapeutic modes.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Occupational Therapy , Prosthetics and Orthotics, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway .
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bonsaksen
authors.affiliation: b Lønnås Residential- and Rehabilitation Center, Bærum Municipality , Hosle , Norway .
authors.forename: Hildegunn
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kvarsnes
authors.affiliation: c Psychiatric Department , Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital , Oslo , Norway , and.
authors.forename: Mari N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Eirum
authors.affiliation: d Oslo Fountain House , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Silje
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torgrimsen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Occupational Therapy , Prosthetics and Orthotics, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway .
authors.forename: Ratna A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations
keywords: Intentional Relationship Model; therapeutic modes; therapeutic relationship; therapist self-awareness; use of self