title: Modern Guidelines for Bowel Preparation and Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Open and Laparoscopic Urologic Surgery.
abstract: Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and antibiotics (oral and/or intravenous) have historically been used to decrease infectious complications in surgeries that involve manipulation of bowel or potential risk of injury. The use of MBP has recently been challenged in the colorectal surgery literature, thus inspiring similar critical evaluation of our practices in urology. This review gives a brief overview of the history of mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation, as well as the evolution of the practice trends in colorectal surgery and urology. We also examine contemporary guidelines in skin preparation as well as antimicrobial prophylaxis before surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Barry B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: r-nadler@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nadler
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002400:Cathartics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000637:transplantation; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002400:Cathartics
keywords: Antimicrobial prophylaxis; Bowel preparation; Oral antibiotic bowel preparation