title: Sphingoaurantiacus polygranulatus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from high-Arctic tundra soil, and emended descriptions of the genera Sandarakinorhabdus, Polymorphobacter and Rhizorhabdus and the species Sandarakinorhabdus limnophila, Rhizorhabdus argentea and Sphingomonas wittichii.
abstract: An orange, Gram-reaction-negative and aerobic bacterium, designated MC 3718T, was isolated from a tundra soil near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard archipelago, Norway (78° N). The cells were motile with either a polar or a subpolar flagellum and reproduced by budding or asymmetrical cell division. Growth occurred at 4-37 °C (optimum 28-30 °C) and at pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum pH 9.0). Many cells accumulated poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules and contained a single large polyphosphate granule at a pole or in the middle of the cell. Cell walls contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and ubiquinone 10 was the main respiratory quinone. Strain MC 3718T contained summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 29.49 %), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c; 29.38 %), C17 : 1ω6c (10.15 %), C14 : 0 2-OH (9.05 %) and C16 : 0 (6.84 %) as the major cellular fatty acids. The main polar lipids were two sphingoglycolipids, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, three unknown phospholipids and two unknown polar lipids. Carotenoids were detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain MC 3718T belonged to the family Sphingomonadaceae. The DNA G+C content was 67.2 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain MC 3718T is considered to represent a novel genus and species in the family Sphingomonadaceae, for which the name Sphingoaurantiacus polygranulatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sphingoaurantiacus polygranulatus is MC 3718T ( = CCTCC AB 2014274T = LMG 28636T). Emended descriptions of the genera Sandarakinorhabdus, Polymorphobacter and Rhizorhabdus and the species Sandarakinorhabdus limnophila, Rhizorhabdus argentea and Sphingomonas wittichii are also provided.
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.|College of Life Sciences, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, DPR Korea.
authors.forename: MyongChol
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.|College of Life Sciences, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, DPR Korea.
authors.forename: OkChol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Yumin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Lvzhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Xulu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Chengxiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Congyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D011091:Polyesters / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D020578:Sphingomonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013538:Svalbard; D065929:Tundra; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000737:chemistry; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D010743:Phospholipids; D011091:Polyesters; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014451:Ubiquinone; C003182:poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates; C025204:Ubiquinone Q2