title: The effect of OK-432 (Picibanil) injection on the histopathology of nasal turbinate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the histopathological effect of OK-432 (Picibanil) on rabbit nasal turbinates.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 21 rabbits were divided into 3 treatment groups and various parts of both nasal turbinates were injected with 0.5 ml OK-432, 0.2 ml OK-432 or 0.6 ml saline (control). Bilateral nasal turbinates were later excised and studied under light microscopy to assess any histopathological changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals in the 0.2 ml and 0.5 ml OK-432 groups exhibited mild ciliary loss, goblet cell loss and epithelial damage, and a marked increase in inflammatory cell infiltration, submucosal vascularisation and fibrosis. There was a significant difference in histopathological changes between the two OK-432 treated groups. In addition, each OK-432 treated group had significantly more inflammatory cell infiltration, increased submucosal vascularisation and fibrosis compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The marked fibrosis observed in OK-432-injected turbinates may be responsible for a reduction in turbinate size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Government Hospital,Karabük,Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sengul
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Medical Faculty,Firat University,Elazig,Turkey.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaygusuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology,Medical Faculty,Firat University,Elazig,Turkey.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Medical Faculty,Firat University,Elazig,Turkey.
authors.forename: Ş
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Medical Faculty,Firat University,Elazig,Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karlidag
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Medical Faculty,Firat University,Elazig,Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Keles
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Government Hospital,Bingöl,Turkey.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arslan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010844:Picibanil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014420:Turbinates / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D010844:Picibanil
keywords: Hypertrophy; Nasal Obstruction; Picibanil; Turbinates