title: Optimized Rapeseed Oils Rich in Endogenous Micronutrients Protect High Fat Diet Fed Rats from Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress.
abstract: Micronutrients in rapeseed exert a potential benefit to hepatoprotection, but most of them are lost during the conventional refining processing. Thus some processing technologies have been optimized to improve micronutrient retention in oil. The aim of this study is to assess whether optimized rapeseed oils (OROs) have positive effects on hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats received experiment diets containing 20% fat and refined rapeseed oil or OROs obtained with various processing technologies as lipid source. After 10 weeks of treatment, liver was assayed for lipid accumulation and oxidative stress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All OROs reduced hepatic triglyceride contents. Microwave pretreatment-cold pressing oil (MPCPO) which had the highest micronutrients contents also reduced hepatic cholesterol level. MPCPO significantly decreased hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP1) but increased peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) expressions, and as a result, MPCPO significantly suppressed acetyl CoA carboxylase and induced carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 and acyl CoA oxidase expression. Hepatic catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) contents remarkably increased and lipid peroxidation levels decreased in parallel with the increase of micronutrients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OROs had the ability to reduce excessive hepatic fat accumulation and oxidative stress, which indicated that OROs might contribute to ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver induced by high-fat diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Product Processing and Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. xujiqu@foxmail.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. xujiqu@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Jiqu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Product Processing and Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. liuxiaoli_ocri@sina.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. liuxiaoli_ocri@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China. gaohuitj@yeah.net.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang 443000, China. chenchang1976@163.com.|Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang 443000, China. chenchang1976@163.com.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Product Processing and Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. qianch2@foxmail.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. qianch2@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Qianchun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Product Processing and Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. viperson1973@foxmail.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. viperson1973@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Qingde
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Functional Oil Laboratory Associated by Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Infinite (China) Co., LTD., 66 Jianzhong Road, Guangzhou 510665, China. zhhuama@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Product Processing and Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. fenghonghuang@foxmail.com.|Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2 Xudong Second Road, Wuhan 430062, China. fenghonghuang@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Fenghong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000032:analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D018977:Micronutrients; D047493:PPAR alpha; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: lipid accumulation; micronutrients; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; optimized rapeseed oils; oxidant stress