title: Conventional and Unconventional Mechanisms for Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Signaling.
abstract: Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is the principal enzyme in mediating the biological actions of nitric oxide. On activation, sGC converts guanosine triphosphate to guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), which mediates diverse physiological processes including vasodilation, platelet aggregation, and myocardial functions predominantly by acting on cGMP-dependent protein kinases. Cyclic GMP has long been considered as the sole second messenger for sGC action. However, emerging evidence suggests that, in addition to cGMP, other nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic monophosphates (cNMPs) are synthesized by sGC in response to nitric oxide stimulation, and some of these nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic monophosphates are involved in various physiological activities. For example, inosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate synthesized by sGC may play a critical role in hypoxic augmentation of vasoconstriction. The involvement of cytidine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and uridine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in certain cardiovascular activities is also implicated.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; and †Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuansheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D007289:Cyclic IMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009705:Nucleosides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007289:Cyclic IMP; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP