title: Improved Sealing and Remineralization at the Resin-Dentin Interface After Phosphoric Acid Etching and Load Cycling.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate micro-morphology of the resin-dentin inter-diffusion zone using two different single-bottle self-etching dentin adhesives with and without previous acid-etching, after in vitro mechanical loading stimuli. Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentin surfaces. Two different single-bottle self-etching dentin adhesives, Futurabond U and Experimental both from VOCO, were applied following the manufacturer's instructions or after 37% phosphoric acid application. Resin-dentin interfaces were analyzed with dye assisted confocal microscopy evaluation (CLSM), including the calcium-chelation technique, xylenol orange (CLSM-XO). CLSM revealed that resin-dentin interfaces of unloaded specimens were deficiently resin-hybridized, in general. These samples showed a Rhodamine B-labeled hybrid complex and adhesive layer completely affected by fluorescein penetration (nanoleakage) through the porous resin-dentin interface, but thicker after PA-etching. Load cycling promoted an improved sealing of the resin-dentin interface at dentin, a decrease of the hybrid complex porosity, and an increment of dentin mineralization. Load cycled specimens treated with the XO technique produced a clearly outlined fluorescence due to consistent Ca-mineral deposits within the bonding interface and inside the dentinal tubules, especially when the experimental adhesive was applied.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain.
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cabello
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain.
authors.forename: Fátima S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain.
authors.forename: Estrella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toledano-Osorio
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry,University of Granada,Dental Materials Section,Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n,18071 Granada,Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Osorio
keywords: Rhodamine; confocal microscopy; dentin; fluoresceine; load cycling