title: Metabolic Alterations in Renal and Prostate Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer metabolism is emerging as a promising research area in genitourinary tumors. Both renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and prostate cancer (PCa) cells exhibit marked alterations of their metabolism. These changes include increased aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), increased protein and DNA synthesis and de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying such alterations will represent a major step forward in cancer research. Indeed, reprogramming cancer cell energy metabolism represents a promising hallmark of cancer and may pave the way for novel personalized approaches.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed databases were searched for articles published about cancer metabolism in genitourinary tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review is focused on the metabolic alterations that occur in RCC and PCa and describes the mechanisms underlying such metabolic changes.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ciccarese
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santoni
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Massari
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modena
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Beltran
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scarpelli
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tortora
authors.affiliation: Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Torrette, Ancona, Italy. r.montironi@univpm.it.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor