title: EYE LENS DOSIMETRY FOR FLUOROSCOPICALLY GUIDED CLINICAL PROCEDURES: PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO PROTECTION AND DOSE MONITORING.
abstract: Doses to the eye lenses of clinicians undertaking fluoroscopically guided procedures can exceed the dose annual limit of 20 mSv, so optimisation of radiation protection is essential. Ceiling-suspended shields and disposable radiation absorbing pads can reduce eye dose by factors of 2-7. Lead glasses that shield against exposures from the side can lower doses by 2.5-4.5 times. Training in effective use of protective devices is an essential element in achieving good protection and acceptable eye doses. Effective methods for dose monitoring are required to identify protection issues. Dosemeters worn adjacent to the eye provide the better option for interventional clinicians, but an unprotected dosemeter worn at the neck will give an indication of eye dose that is adequate for most interventional staff. Potential requirements for protective devices and dose monitoring can be determined from risk assessments using generic values for dose linked to examination workload.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physics and Bio-engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK colin.j.martin@ntlworld.com.
authors.forename: Colin J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D065638:Absorption, Radiation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000293:injuries / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000067393:Personal Protective Equipment; D000069079:Radiation Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness