title: Physiological effects of essential metals on two detritivores: Atyaephyra desmarestii (Millet) and Echinogammarus meridionalis (Pinkster).
abstract: Freshwater ecosystems are essential for humans; however, input of several types of contamination has led to the degradation of these ecosystems. Thus, it is urgent to assess their health to allow actions for prevention and remediation. The level of trace metals can be enhanced by natural or anthropogenic sources. Essential metals, such as copper and zinc, become toxic when present in the environment above threshold concentrations. To evaluate the physiological effects of these 2 essential metals for 2 freshwater detritivores, the shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii and the amphipod Echinogammarus meridionalis, acute tests were performed. Forty-eight hour median lethal concentration (LC50) values were estimated for these species using static bioassays with copper and zinc. Sublethal assays for both metals with several phases were also done to evaluate the effects on feeding behavior. The LC50 values of copper for the shrimp A. desmarestii and amphipod E. meridionalis were 0.128 mg/L and 0.050 mg/L and those of zinc were 7.951 mg/L and 11.860 mg/L, respectively. The results indicated that copper is more toxic to both species. Only E. meridionalis showed deleterious effects of copper on feeding rate. Zinc showed some tendency for feeding inhibition in both species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1442-1448. © 2015 SETAC.
authors.affiliation: CESAM and Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintaneiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ranville
authors.affiliation: CESAM and Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: António J A
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nogueira
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D033364:Decapoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D017753:Ecosystem; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015032:Zinc / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Behavior; Copper; Detritivore; Feeding; Zinc