title: Diagnostic performance of [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography in cyst infection in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
abstract: Cyst infection is a common complication of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Diagnosis is challenging with standard imaging techniques. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18-FDG PET-CT) for the diagnosis of cyst infections among ADPKD patients, in comparison with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All APKD patients who underwent 18-FDG PET-CT for suspected cyst infection between 2006 and 2013 in a French teaching hospital were included. Diagnosis of cyst infection was retained a posteriori on an index of clinical suspicion. 18-FDG PET-CT findings were was considered to be positive in cases of cyst wall hypermetabolism. CT or MRI findings were were considered to be positive in cases of cyst wall thickening (and enhancement if contrast medium was injected) and infiltration of the adjacent fat. A control group of ADPKD patients with 18-FDG PET-CT performed for other reasons was included. Thirty-two 18-FDG PET-CT scans were performed in 24 ADPKD patients with suspected cyst infection. A diagnosis of cyst infection was retained in 18 of 32 cases: 14 with positive 18-FDG PET-CT findings, and four false negatives. There were no false positives and no hypermetabolism of cyst walls in nine ADPKD control patients. 18-FDG PET-CT had a sensitivity of 77%, a specificity of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 77%. 18-FDG PET-CT allowed a differential diagnosis in three patients. In contrast, CT had a sensitivity of 7% and a negative predictive value of 35% (p <0.001 vs. 18-FDG PET-CT). Only eight MRI scans were performed. The diagnostic performance of 18-FDG PET-CT is superior to that of CT in cyst infections, for comparable radiation doses and with no injection of nephrotoxic contrast medium, in ADPKD patients.
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bobot
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Radiology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghez
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gondouin
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sallée
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Infectious Diseases, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AP-HM Hopital Timone, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burtey
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Legris
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dussol
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Berland
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Radiology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Souteyrand
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Radiology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tessonnier
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, AP-HM Hopital Timone, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cammilleri
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille University, Department of Nephrology, AP-HM Hopital Conception, Marseille, France. Electronic address: noemie.jourde@ap-hm.fr.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jourde-Chiche
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism; D005602:France; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
keywords: 18-FDG PET–CT; Antibiotics, cyst infection; diagnosis; polycystic kidney disease