title: Architectonic mapping of somatosensory areas involved in skilled forelimb movements and tool use.
abstract: Cebus monkeys stand out from other New World monkeys by their ability to perform fine hand movements, and by their spontaneous use of tools in the wild. Those behaviors rely on the integration of somatosensory information, which occurs in different areas of the parietal cortex. Although a few studies have examined and parceled the somatosensory areas of the cebus monkey, mainly using electrophysiological criteria, very little is known about its anatomical organization. In this study we used SMI-32 immunohistochemistry, myelin, and Nissl stains to characterize the architecture of the parietal cortical areas of cebus monkeys. Seven cortical areas were identified between the precentral gyrus and the anterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Except for areas 3a and 3b, distinction between different somatosensory areas was more evident in myelin-stained sections and SMI-32 immunohistochemistry than in Nissl stain, especially for area 2 and subdivisions of area 5. Our results show that cebus monkeys have a relatively complex somatosensory cortex, similar to that of macaques and humans. This suggests that, during primate evolution, the emergence of new somatosensory areas underpinned complex manual behaviors in most Old World simians and in the New World cebus monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:1399-1423, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcio L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nascimento-Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natalia B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Keher
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ruben Ernesto
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Bittencourt-Navarrete
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gattass
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: João G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Franca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002428:Cebus; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000502:physiology*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D053001:Tool Use Behavior / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; C051774:neurofilament protein H
keywords: RRID: nif-0000-10294; RRID:AB_509998; area 5; cebus monkey; parietal cortex; somatosensory cortex