title: Pancreatic hyperplasia after gastric bypass surgery in a GK rat model of non-obese type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Gastric bypass surgery produces clear antidiabetic effects in a substantial proportion of morbidly obese patients. In view of the recent trend away from 'bariatric' surgery and toward 'metabolic' surgery, it is important to elucidate the enhancing effect of bypass surgery on pancreatic β-cell mass, which is related to diabetes remission in non-obese patients. We investigated the effects of gastric bypass surgery on glycemic control and other pancreatic changes in a spontaneous non-obese type 2 diabetes Goto-Kakizaki rat model. Significant improvements in postprandial hyperglycemia and plasma c-peptide level were observed when glucose was administered orally post-surgery. Other important events observed after surgery were enhanced first phase insulin secretion in a in site pancreatic perfusion experiment, pancreatic hyperplasia, improved islet structure (revealed by immunohistochemical analysis), striking increase in β-cell mass, slight increase in ratio of β-cell area to total pancreas area, and increased number of small islets closely related to exocrine ducts. No notable changes were observed in ratio of β-cell to non-β endocrine cell area, β-cell apoptosis, or β-cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate that gastric bypass surgery in this rat model increases endocrine cells and pancreatic hyperplasia, and reflect the important role of the gastrointestinal system in regulation of metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA.
authors.forename: Xinrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA.
authors.forename: Bangguo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA.
authors.forename: Conghui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA huarongzhou@hotmail.com jojohr9@qq.com.
authors.forename: Huarong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of EndocrinologyTongji Hospital, Wuhan 430030, ChinaKey Laboratory of Systems BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, ChinaPathology Core Facility InstitutePasteur of Shanghai Chinese Academy of Science, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, ChinaClinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, ChinaJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, ChinaSherman College of ChiropracticBoiling Springs, South Carolina 29316, USA huarongzhou@hotmail.com jojohr9@qq.com.
authors.forename: Caifeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000601:surgery*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005215:Fasting; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006943:Hyperglycemia; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
keywords: gastric bypass surgery; hyperplasia; type 2 diabetes mellitus; β-cell