title: Childhood constipation: finally something is moving!
abstract: Recent developments in the evaluation and treatment of childhood constipation are likely to influence the way we deal with pediatric defecation disorders in the near future. Innovations in both colonic and anorectal manometry are leading to novel insights into functional defecation disorders in children. Promising results have been achieved with innovative therapies such as electrical stimulation and new drugs with targets that differ from conventional pharmacological treatments. Also, new surgical approaches, guided by manometric findings, have led to improvement in patient outcome. Finally, utilization of non-pharmacological interventions such as fiber and probiotics has been a field of particular interest in recent years. The aim of this article is to provide an update on these and other novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools related to childhood constipation.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , Emma Children's Hospital/Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.|b Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition , Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Ilan J N
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Koppen
authors.affiliation: b Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition , Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: b Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition , Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saps
authors.affiliation: c Departments of Gastroenterology & Surgery , Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University , South Australia , Australia.
authors.forename: Phil G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Dinning
authors.affiliation: b Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition , Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Desale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yacob
authors.affiliation: d Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Levitt
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , Emma Children's Hospital/Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Benninga
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000503:physiopathology; D002400:Cathartics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D065101:Chloride Channel Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003106:Colon / Q000503:physiopathology; D003248:Constipation / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D000068238:Lubiprostone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008365:Manometry; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010808:Physical Examination; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin / Q000819:agonists; D012007:Rectum / Q000503:physiopathology; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D013841:Thiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics; D065101:Chloride Channel Agonists; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004151:Dipeptides; D010455:Peptides; D054440:Receptors, Ghrelin; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D013841:Thiazepines; D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid; D000068238:Lubiprostone; C581303:elobixibat; C523483:linaclotide
keywords: anorectal manometry; children; colonic manometry; constipation; electrical stimulation; sacral neurostimulation