title: Self-Assembled Proteins and Peptides as Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration.
abstract: Self-assembling proteins and peptides are increasingly gaining interest for potential use as scaffolds in tissue engineering applications. They self-organize from basic building blocks under mild conditions into supramolecular structures, mimicking the native extracellular matrix. Their properties can be easily tuned through changes at the sequence level. Moreover, they can be produced in sufficient quantities with chemical synthesis or recombinant technologies to allow them to address homogeneity and standardization issues required for applications. Here. recent advances in self-assembling proteins, peptides, and peptide amphiphiles that form scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering are reviewed. The focus is on a variety of motifs, ranging from minimalistic dipeptides, simplistic ultrashort aliphatic peptides, and peptide amphiphiles to large "recombinamer" proteins. Special emphasis is placed on the rational design of self-assembling motifs and biofunctionalization strategies to influence cell behavior and modulate scaffold stability. Perspectives for combination of these "bottom-up" designer strategies with traditional "top-down" biofabrication techniques for new generations of tissue engineering scaffolds are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A* STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, 138669, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 06800.
authors.forename: Melis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goktas
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 06800.
authors.forename: Ayse B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Tekinay
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 06800.
authors.forename: Mustafa O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Guler
authors.affiliation: Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A* STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, 138669, Singapore.
authors.forename: Charlotte A E
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Greece, 70013.|Institute for Electronic Structure and Lasers (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 70013.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitraki
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins
keywords: peptides; proteins; rational design; scaffolds; self-assembly; tissue engineering