title: Periodontitis contributes to aberrant metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats by stimulating the expression of adipokines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontitis has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We investigated the effects of local aberrant secretion of adipokines in diabetic rats on systemic metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) and non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats were used as a diabetic model and associated control, respectively. Periodontitis was induced using a silk ligature for 36 wk. Rats were grouped into OLETF with (OP+) or without (OP-) periodontitis and Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka with (LP+) or without (LP-) periodontitis. Alveolar bone resorption and destruction were evaluated by micro-computed tomography and hematoxylin and eosin staining. After 20 wk of periodontitis induction, lipids, insulin, interleukin-1, leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were analyzed, and mRNA expressions of NF-κB, Mark8, TLR2 and -4, IKBKB and Nampt were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in adipose tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After ligation, OLETF rats exhibited typical periodontitis lesions with the clinical features of type 2 diabetes mellitus. When compared with the OP(-) group, the area under curve of the oral glucose tolerance test and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance values were significantly higher in the OP(+) group. Micro-computed tomography showed that the OP(+) group had more bone resorption than the OP(-) group. When compared with the OP(-) group, the OP(+) group also exhibited higher total cholesterol (p < 0.05), leptin (p < 0.05), insulin (p > 0.05) and higher expression of Nampt (p < 0.05) and IKBKB (p < 0.05). The LP(+) group had a trend towards higher bone resorption when compared with the LP(-) group. Additionally, no difference in white adipose tissues or adipokines was found between LP(+) and LP(-) rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic periodontitis can alter lipid profiles in affected rats, elevate adipose tissue expression of Nampt and affect the metabolism of adipose tissue through the NF-κB pathway to inflame diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines
keywords: OLETF 
  Nampt; adipose tissue; periodontitis