title: Photoresponsive Cucurbit[8]uril-Mediated Adhesion of Bacteria on Supported Lipid Bilayers.
abstract: In this work, the development of a photoresponsive platform for the presentation of bioactive ligands to study receptor-ligand interactions has been described. For this purpose, supramolecular host-guest chemistry and supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) have been combined in a microfluidic device. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) studies on methyl viologen (MV)-functionalized oligo ethylene glycol-based self-assembled monolayers, gel and liquid-state SLBs have been compared for their nonfouling properties in the case of ConA and bacteria. In combination with bacterial adhesion test, negligible nonspecific bacterial adhesion is observed only in the case of methyl-viologen-modified liquid-state SLBs. Therefore, liquid-state SLBs have been identified as most suitable for studying specific cell interactions when MV is incorporated as a guest on the surface. The photoswitchable supramolecular ternary complex is formed by assembling cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and an azobenzene-mannose conjugate (Azo-Man) onto MV-functionalized liquid-state SLBs and the assembly process has been characterized using QCM-D and fluorescence techniques. Mannose has been found to enable binding of E. coli via cell-surface receptors on the nonfouling supramolecular SLBs. Optical switching of the azobenzene moiety allows us to "erase" the bioactive surface after bacterial binding, providing the potential to develop reusable sensors. Localized photorelease of bacterial cells has also been shown indicating the possibility of optically guiding cellular growth, migration, and intercellular interactions.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nanofabrication Group of the MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Bioinspired Molecular Engineering Laboratory of the MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Shrikrishnan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sankaran
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nanofabrication Group of the MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Bioinspired Molecular Engineering Laboratory of the MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.|Department of Developmental Bioengineering of the MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jasper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Weerd
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nanofabrication Group of the MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Bioinspired Molecular Engineering Laboratory of the MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voskuhl
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Bioengineering of the MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karperien
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nanofabrication Group of the MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Bioinspired Molecular Engineering Laboratory of the MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jonkheijm
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001952:Bridged-Ring Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007536:Isomerism; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry*; D010269:Paraquat / Q000494:pharmacology; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds; D000099246:Cucurbit(n)urils
chemical_list: D001952:Bridged-Ring Compounds; D007093:Imidazoles; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D010269:Paraquat; C507198:cucurbit(8)uril; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds; D000099246:Cucurbit(n)urils
keywords: E. coli; bacteria; cucurbit[8]uril; photoresponsive materials; photoswitching; supported lipid bilayers; supramolecular