title: African Ancestry Is Associated with Higher Intraocular Pressure in Latinos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor, as well as the only modifiable risk factor, for glaucoma. Racial differences have been observed in IOP measurements with individuals of African descent experiencing the highest IOP when compared with other ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between genetic ancestry and IOP in Latinos.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based genetic association study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3541 participants recruited from the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study participants were genotyped using the Illumina OmniExpress BeadChip (∼730K markers). We used STRUCTURE to estimate individual genetic ancestry. Simple and multiple linear regression, as well as quantile regression, analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between genetic ancestry and IOP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relationship between genetic ancestry and IOP in Latinos.
  
  
  RESULTS
  African ancestry was significantly associated with higher IOP in Latinos in our simple linear regression analysis (P = 0.002). After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, central corneal thickness, and type 2 diabetes, this association remained significant (P = 0.0005). The main association was modified by a significant interaction between African ancestry and hypertension (P = 0.037), with hypertensive individuals experiencing a greater increase in IOP with increasing African ancestry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that African ancestry and its interaction with hypertension are associated with higher IOP in Latinos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Drew
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nannini
authors.affiliation: USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics and Medicine at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California.
authors.forename: Yii-Der I
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics and Medicine at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California.
authors.forename: Kent D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics and Medicine at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California.
authors.forename: Jerome I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Rotter
authors.affiliation: USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: rgao@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D001741:Black or African American