title: Associated congenital anomalies in infants with isolated gastroschisis: A single-institutional experience.
abstract: The aim of our study was to determine the frequency and type of associated congenital anomalies in patients with isolated gastroschisis born at the Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara (Guadalajara, México), and to explore its possible association with the included outcome variables. One hundred-eight cases with isolated gastroschisis were reviewed from 2009 to 2014. The occurrence of intestinal and extraintestinal associated anomalies (either secondary or primary) was prospectively assessed. The type of gastroschisis, length of hospital stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality were outcome variables for statistical analysis. Of infants with gastroschisis, 52 (48.1%) had one or more associated anomalies (AA), with increased odds in males (OR = 2.3, 95%CI: 1.1-5.0). AA classified, as secondary and primary were present in 34.3 and 5.6% of patients, respectively. Of secondary AA, 25.9% were intestinal anomalies, and 17.6% were extraintestinal. Primary AA were congenital heart disease (n = 3), meningomyelocele, and hydrocephaly and amniotic band sequence in one instance, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that secondary AA (both intestinal and extraintestinal) were associated with complex gastroschisis, prolonged LOS, and in-hospital death, whereas primary AA were not related to a worse outcome. Our results highlight the pathogenic importance of properly investigating and categorizing the presence of others secondary or primary AA when diagnosis of gastroschisis is made.
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera Institute of Human Genetics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Jorge Román
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Corona-Rivera
authors.affiliation: Service of Cardiology, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nieto-García
authors.affiliation: Service of Radiology, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Eloy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López-Marure
authors.affiliation: Service of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cárdenas-Ruiz Velasco
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera Institute of Human Genetics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Lucina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bobadilla-Morales
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Estrella Lizbeth
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mellín-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Rafael L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Aguirre-Guillén
authors.affiliation: Service of Neonatology, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: René O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Pérez-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zapata-Aldana
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Ana K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Talamantes
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solís-Ledezma
authors.affiliation: Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera Institute of Human Genetics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corona-Rivera
authors.affiliation: Service of Neonatology, Pediatrics Division, Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Larissa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gómez-Ruiz
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D020139:Gastroschisis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: amniotic band sequence; arthrogryposis; cryptorchidism; gastroschisis; intestinal atresia; meningmyelocele; outcome