title: The Role of Family Atmosphere in the Relapse Behavior of Iranian Opiate Users: a Qualitative Study.
abstract: Introduction Many Iranian opiate users live with family members and family atmosphere can be influential on reducing such social behaviors of opiate users as substance use and relapses. This paper reports the impact of family atmosphere on relapse behavior as a part of the findings of a larger study that explored the relapse process among Iranian opiate users.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this qualitative research, we selected 17 participants (5 women and 12 men). The questions were been asked through semi-structured interviews. The researchers analyzed the verbatim transcripts using content analysis method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  "Family atmosphere" with three sub-themes (family and tribes' interaction, family challenges and family structure) was been found as determinants of relapse behavior. The quality of the family atmosphere could be in harmony with or against the willingness or motivation of the opiate user towards the relapse. Conclusion Health care providers should reinforce involvement of the family members in the treatment and rehabilitation of opiate users. The opiate user's family and even relatives may benefit from learning how to manage their own feelings and attitude towards the client and being supportive during interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Nursing, Center for Nursing Care Research, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peyrovi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Center for Nursing Care Research, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Naiemeh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seyedfatemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jalali
keywords: Drug users; Family life cycle; Relapse