title: In vivo sensing of proteolytic activity with an NSET-based NIR fluorogenic nanosensor.
abstract: Biomedical in vivo sensing methods in the near-infrared (NIR) range, which that provide relatively high photon transparency, separation from auto-fluorescence background, and extended sensitivity, are being used increasingly for non-invasive mapping and monitoring of molecular events in cancer cells. In this study, we fabricated an NIR fluorogenic nanosensor based on the nanoparticle surface energy transfer effect, by conjugation of fluorescent proteolytic enzyme-specific cleavable peptides with gold nanorods (GNRs). Membrane-anchored membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinases (MT1-MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent proteolytic enzymes, can induce the metastatic potential of cancer cells by promoting degradation of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, sensitive detection of MT1-MMP activity can provide essential information in the clinical setting. We have applied in vivo NIR sensing to evaluate MT1-MMP activity, as an NIR imaging target, in an MT1-MMP-expressing metastatic tumor mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Minhee
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoochan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Nanomedical National Core Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Nanomedical National Core Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seungyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Nanomedical National Core Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Suck
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: 177hum@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Jaemoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000556:secondary*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006046:Gold; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14
keywords: Fluorogenic; Gold nanorod; Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase; Nanoparticle surface energy transfer; Nanosensor