title: Caruifolin D from artemisia absinthium L. inhibits neuroinflammation via reactive oxygen species-dependent c-jun N-terminal kinase and protein kinase c/NF-κB signaling pathways.
abstract: This work aims to evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of natural sesquiterpene dimer caruifolin D from Artemisia absinthium L., which is an edible vegetable or traditional medicinal food in East Asia due to its sedation, anti-asthma and antipruritic effects. In this study, we reported that caruifolin D significantly inhibited the productions of various neuroinflammatory mediators from microglia in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Moreover, anti-inflammatory mechanism study showed that caruifolin D markedly suppressed the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which was an important player involved in neuroinflammation, leading to inhibitory effects on the activations of protein kinase C (PKC) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which were two major neuroinflammatory signaling pathways in the brains. Furthermore, caruifolin D protected neurons against microglia-mediated neuronal inflammatory damages by up-regulating neuronal viability and maintaining healthy neuronal morphology. Taken together, these results expanded our knowledge about the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective mechanism of Artemisia absinthium L., and also suggested that caruifolin D was a major anti-inflammatory component from Artemisia absinthium L., which might be developed as a drug candidate for neuroinflammation-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Ke-Wu
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Li-Xi
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Jiao
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: pengfeitu@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Peng-Fei
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031171:Artemisia absinthium / Q000737:chemistry*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014315:Triterpenes; C000611305:caruifolin D; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Microglia; Neuroinflammation; Neuroprotection; Reactive oxygen species; Sesquiterpene dimer