Relationship between chronotype and quality of sleep in medical students at the Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to identify chronotypes of medical students at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) and its relationship to quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness, age, sex and season of birth.


METHODS
The final sample consisted of 221 students, assessed by four questionnaires: demographic questionnaire, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality lndex (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).


RESULTS
There was a statistically significant difference between groups with respect to chronotypes and PSQI score (p<0.0005), but not with excessive daytime sleepiness. A significant negative correlation was found between the scores of MEQ and PSQI (rho=-0.3, p<0.0005), demonstrating that the greater the eveningness, the worse the sleep quality. It was observed that 51.6% of students were classified as indifferent chronotype, 61.5% had poor quality of sleep, while 42.1% had excessive daytime sleepiness. Sex and season at birth did not differ between chronotypes.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrate that the evening chronotype was associated with poor quality of sleep in medical students, but not with increased daytime sleepiness, with potential impairment to their academic performance and quality of life.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Gabriela Lemos Negri
GL
Rique
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Gilson Mauro Costa
GM
Fernandes Filho
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Amanda Dantas Cavalcante
AD
Ferreira
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Rilva Lopes
RL
de Sousa-Muñoz
Chronobiology phenomena; Medical students; Sleep deprivation