Physicochemical Biomolecular Insights into Buffalo Milk-Derived Nanovesicles.
Milk is a natural nutraceutical produced by mammals. The nanovesicles of milk play a role in horizontal gene transfer and confer health-benefits to milk consumers. These nanovesicles contain miRNA, mRNA, and proteins which mediate the intercellular communication. In this work, we isolated and characterized the buffalo milk-derived nanovesicles by dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Western probing, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The DLS data suggested a bimodal size distribution with one mode near 50 nm and the other around 200 nm for the nanovesicles. The NTA and SEM data also supported the size of nanovesicles within a range of 50-200 nm. The FTIR measurements of nanovesicles identified some prominent absorption bands attributable to the proteins (1300-1700 cm(-1), amide A and amide B bands), lipids (2800-3100 cm(-1)), polysaccharides, and nucleic acids (900-1200 cm(-1)). The comparative expression profiles of immune miRNA signatures (miR-15b, miR-21, miR-27b, miR-125b, miR-155, and miR-500) in nanovesicles isolated from milk, serum, and urine revealed that these miRNAs are present abundantly (P < 0.05) in milk-derived nanovesicles. Milk miRNAs (miR-21 and 500) that were also found stable under different household storage conditions indicated that these could be biologically available to milk consumers. Overall, nanovesicles are a new class of bioactive compounds from buffalo milk with high proportion of stable immune miRNAs compared to urine and plasma of same animals.
Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India. chandu.vijaysimha@gmail.com.
Vijay Simha
VS
Baddela
Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India. varij.biochem@gmail.com.
Varij
V
Nayan
Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India. ranipayal09@gmail.com.
Payal
P
Rani
Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India. suneelvet@gmail.com.
Suneel Kumar
SK
Onteru
Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India. drdheer.singh@gmail.com.
Dheer
D
Singh
D000818:Animals; D002020:Buffaloes; D055354:Exosomes; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
D035683:MicroRNAs
Dynamic light scattering; Exosomes; FTIR; Milk; Nanoparticle tracking analysis; Nanovesicles; miRNA