Co-treatment of landfill leachate and municipal wastewater using the ZELIAC/zeolite constructed wetland system.
Constructed wetland (CW) is a low-cost alternative technology to treat wastewater. This study was conducted to co-treat landfill leachate and municipal wastewater by using a CW system. Typha domingensis was transplanted to CW, which contains two substrate layers of adsorbents, namely, ZELIAC and zeolite. Response surface methodology and central composite design have been utilized to analyze experimental data. Contact time (h) and leachate-to-wastewater mixing ratio (%; v/v) were considered as independent variables. Colour, COD, ammonia, nickel, and cadmium contents were used as dependent variables. At optimum contact time (50.2 h) and leachate-to-wastewater mixing ratio (20.0%), removal efficiencies of colour, COD, ammonia, nickel, and cadmium contents were 90.3%, 86.7%, 99.2%, 86.0%, and 87.1%, respectively. The accumulation of Ni and Cd in the roots and shoots of T. domingensis was also monitored. Translocation factor (TF) was >1 in several runs; thus, Typha is classified as a hyper-accumulator plant.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management (IIESM), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Electronic address: amin.mojiri@gmail.com.
Amin
A
Mojiri
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Lou
L
Ziyang
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Ramlah Mohd
RM
Tajuddin
School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia.
Hossein
H
Farraji
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Nafiseh
N
Alifar
D000327:Adsorption; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D032401:Typhaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D053833:Wetlands; D017641:Zeolites / Q000737:chemistry
D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D017641:Zeolites
Co-treatment; Landfill leachate; RSM; Wetland; ZELIAC; Zeolite