Biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite scaffolds processed by lithography-based additive manufacturing.
The fabrication of hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications by using lithography-based additive manufacturing techniques has been introduced due to the abilities to control porous structures with suitable resolutions. In this research, the use of hydroxyapatite cellular structures, which are processed by lithography-based additive manufacturing machine, as a bone tissue engineering scaffold was investigated. The utilization of digital light processing system for additive manufacturing machine in laboratory scale was performed in order to fabricate the hydroxyapatite scaffold, of which biocompatibilities were eventually evaluated by direct contact and cell-culturing tests. In addition, the density and compressive strength of the scaffolds were also characterized. The results show that the hydroxyapatite scaffold at 77% of porosity with 91% of theoretical density and 0.36 MPa of the compressive strength are able to be processed. In comparison with a conventionally sintered hydroxyapatite, the scaffold did not present any cytotoxic signs while the viability of cells at 95.1% was reported. After 14 days of cell-culturing tests, the scaffold was able to be attached by pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) leading to cell proliferation and differentiation. The hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue engineering was able to be processed by the lithography-based additive manufacturing machine while the biocompatibilities were also confirmed.
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Passakorn
P
Tesavibul
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Surapol
S
Chantaweroad
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Apinya
A
Laohaprapanon
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Somruethai
S
Channasanon
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Paweena
P
Uppanan
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Siriporn
S
Tanodekaew
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Prasert
P
Chalermkarnnon
Biomedical Engineering Research Unit, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand.
Kriskrai
K
Sitthiseripratip
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000633:toxicity; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019245:Compressive Strength; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods; D016062:Porosity; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017886:Durapatite
Additive manufacturing; biocompatibility; hydroxyapatite scaffolds; tissue engineering