Rethinking Priorities: Cost of Complications After Elective Colectomy.
To compare incremental costs associated with complications of elective colectomy using nationally representative data among patients undergoing laparoscopic/open resections for the 4 most frequent diagnoses.



Rising healthcare costs have led to increasing focus on the need to achieve a better understanding of the association between costs and quality. Among elective colectomies, a focus of surgical quality-improvement initiatives, interpretable evidence to support existing approaches is lacking.



The 2009 to 2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data were queried for adult (≥18 years) patients undergoing elective colectomy. Patients with primary diagnoses for colon cancer, diverticular disease, benign colonic neoplasm, and ulcerative colitis/regional enteritis were included. Based on system-based complications considered relevant to long-term treatment of elective colectomy, stratified differences in risk-adjusted incremental hospital costs and complications probabilities were compared.



A total of 68,462 patients were included, weighted to represent 337,887 patients nationwide. A total of 16.4% experienced complications. Annual risk-adjusted incremental costs amounted to >$150 million. Magnitudes of complication prevalences/costs varied by primary diagnosis, operative technique, and complication group. Infectious complications contributed the most ($55 million), followed by gastrointestinal ($53 million), pulmonary ($22 million), and cardiovascular ($11 million) complications. Total annual costs for elective colectomies amounted to >$1.7 billion: 11.3% was due to complications [1.9% due to current Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) complications].



The results highlight a need to consider the varied/broad impact of complications, offering a stratified paradigm for priority setting in surgery. As we move forward in the development of novel/adaptation of existing interventions, it will be essential to weigh the cost of complications in an evidence-based way.
*Center for Surgery and Public Health: Harvard Medical School, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA†Minnesota Gastroenterology, P.A., Saint Paul, MN‡Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Cheryl K
CK
Zogg
Peter
P
Najjar
Arturo J Rios
AJ
Diaz
Donald L
DL
Zogg
Thomas C
TC
Tsai
John A
JA
Rose
John W
JW
Scott
Faiz
F
Gani
Husain
H
Alshaikh
Joseph K
JK
Canner
Eric B
EB
Schneider
Joel E
JE
Goldberg
Adil H
AH
Haider
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003082:Colectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006292:Health Priorities; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult