Biodegradation of Para Amino Acetanilide by Halomonas sp. TBZ3.
BACKGROUND
Aromatic compounds are known as a group of highly persistent environmental pollutants. Halomonas sp. TBZ3 was isolated from the highly salty Urmia Lake of Iran. In this study, characterization of a new Halomonas isolate called Halomonas sp. TBZ3 and its employment for biodegradation of para-amino acetanilide (PAA), as an aromatic environmental pollutant, is described.


OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to characterize the TBZ3 isolate and to elucidate its ability as a biodegradative agent that decomposes PAA.


METHODS
Primarily, DNA-DNA hybridization between TBZ3, Halomonas denitrificans DSM18045T and Halomonas saccharevitans LMG 23976T was carried out. Para-amino acetanilide biodegradation was assessed using spectrophotometry and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Parameters effective on biodegradation of PAA were optimized by the Response Surface Methodology (RSM).


RESULTS
The DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between isolate TBZ3, H. denitrificans and H. saccharevitans revealed relatedness levels of 57% and 65%, respectively. According to GC-MS results, TBZ3 degrades PAA to benzene, hexyl butanoate, 3-methyl-1-heptanol and hexyl hexanoate. Temperature 32.92°C, pH 6.76, and salinity 14% are the optimum conditions for biodegradation with a confidence level of 95% (at level α = 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
According to our results, Halomonas sp. TBZ3 could be considered as a biological agent for bioremediation of PAA and possibly other similar aromatic compounds.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran ; Department of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IR Iran.
Nader
N
Hajizadeh
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran ; Department of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IR Iran.
Youssof
Y
Sefidi Heris
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran ; Faculty of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Sepideh
S
Zununi Vahed
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Javad
J
Vallipour
Branch for the Northwest and West Region, Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Tabriz, IR Iran.
Mohammad Amin
MA
Hejazi
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Sayyed Mahdi
SM
Golabi
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Karim
K
Asadpour-Zeynali
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran ; Faculty of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.
Mohammad Saeid
MS
Hejazi
Biodegradation; Bioremediation; Environmental Pollution; Halomonas; Waste Management