Genetically-defined ovarian cancer mouse models.
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the deadliest of gynaecological cancers, is a disease that remains difficult to detect early and treat efficiently. A significant challenge for researchers in the field is that the aetiology of EOC and the molecular pathways important for its development are poorly understood. Moreover, precursor lesions have not been readily identifiable, making the mechanisms of EOC progression difficult to delineate. In order to address these issues, several genetically-defined ovarian mouse models have been generated in the past 15 years. However, because of the recent suggestion that most EOCs may not originate from the ovarian surface 'epithelium', but from other tissues of the female genital tract, some models may need to be re-evaluated within this new paradigm. In this review, we examine several genetically-defined EOC models and discuss how the new paradigm may explain some of the features of these models. A better understanding of the strengths and limitations of the current EOC mouse models will undoubtedly allow us to utilize these tools to better understand the biology of the disease and develop new approaches for EOC prevention, detection, and treatment.
American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA.
Patrice J
PJ
Morin
Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Ashani T
AT
Weeraratna
D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005185:Fallopian Tube Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics
D006023:Glycoproteins; C097024:Ovgp1 protein, mouse; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C487757:Pten protein, mouse; C495971:Hras protein, mouse; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
Fallopian tube; intraepithelial carcinoma; ovarian cancer; transgenic mouse model