In Vitro Production of Echioidinin, 7-O-Methywogonin from Callus Cultures of Andrographis lineata and Their Cytotoxicity on Cancer Cells.
Andrographis lineata is an herbal medicinal plant used in traditional medicine as a substitute for Andrographis paniculata. Here, using mature leaf explants of A. lineata we demonstrate for the first time the callus induction established on MS medium containing 1.0 mg l-1 IAA. Dried callus was subjected to solvent extraction with acetone. Further the acetone residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography, crystallized and characterized on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (proton and c13) and liquid chromatographic mass spectroscopy. This analysis revealed the occurrence of two known flavones namely, 7-O-methylwogonin (MW) and Echioidinin (ED). Furthermore, these compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against leukemic cell line, CEM. We identify that ED and MW induced cytotoxicity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Further increase in the LDH release upon treatment with ED and MW further confirmed our cytotoxicity results against leukemic cell line. Strikingly, MW was more potent than ED when compared by trypan blue and MTT assays. Our results recapitulate the utility of callus cultures for the production of plant specific bioactive secondary metabolites instead of using wild plants. Together, our in vitro studies provide new insights of A. lineata callus cultures serving as a source for cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Faculty of Agrobased Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Locked bag-100, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia; Division of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Arifullah
A
Mohammed
Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India; Division of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Kishore K
KK
Chiruvella
Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
Yerra Koteswara
YK
Rao
Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
Madamanchi
M
Geethangili
Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.
Sathees C
SC
Raghavan
Division of Plant Tissue Culture, Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Rama Gopal
RG
Ghanta
D035685:Andrographis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002146:Bony Callus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
D010936:Plant Extracts