Effect of Pistacia atlantica Fruit and Leaf Extracts on Hydatid Cyst Protoscolices.
BACKGROUND
Treatment of human hydatidosis is mainly surgical, with chemical treatment being reserved as a coadjuvant treatment. Use of effective protoscolicidal agents during surgery of hydatid disease is essential to reduce the recurrence rate.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the scolicidal effects of Pistacia atlantica leaf and fruit hydroalcoholic extracts on protoscolices of hydatid cyst.


METHODS
Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices were obtained from 50 sheep infected with hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of plant hydroalcoholic extracts were used in different exposure times for viability assay of protoscolices.


RESULTS
The scolicidal effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaf, fresh and dried fruits were significant compared to the control groups (P < 0.05). Among the Pistacia atlantica extracts tested, 0.1% (mg/ml) concentrations of fresh fruit extract (99.09 ± 1.27) and leaf extract (89.25 ± 18.42) had strong scolicidal effects in 360 min, of exposure times and the mortality rate decreased with the lower concentration.


CONCLUSIONS
Information from the current study has the strong scolicidal effect of fresh fruit hydroalcoholic extract of Pistacia atlantica on protoscoleces, which may be used as a scolicidal agent during the surgery techniques.
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. zibaeim@sums.ac.ir.
Mohammad
M
Zibaei
Reza
R
Rostamipour
Hassan
H
Nayebzadeh
D000818:Animals; D000923:Anticestodal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004444:Echinococcosis, Hepatic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000469:parasitology*; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D027927:Pistacia / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D013997:Time Factors
D000923:Anticestodal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts