Balancing energy consumption with hybrid clustering and routing strategy in wireless sensor networks.
Multi-hop data collection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a challenge issue due to the limited energy resource and transmission range of wireless sensors. The hybrid clustering and routing (HCR) strategy has provided an effective solution, which can generate a connected and efficient cluster-based topology for multi-hop data collection in WSNs. However, it suffers from imbalanced energy consumption, which results in the poor performance of the network lifetime. In this paper, we evaluate the energy consumption of HCR and discover an important result: the imbalanced energy consumption generally appears in gradient k = 1, i.e., the nodes that can communicate with the sink directly. Based on this observation, we propose a new protocol called HCR-1, which includes the adaptive relay selection and tunable cost functions to balance the energy consumption. The guideline of setting the parameters in HCR-1 is provided based on simulations. The analytical and numerical results prove that, with minor modification of the topology in Sensors 2015, 15 26584 gradient k = 1, the HCR-1 protocol effectively balances the energy consumption and prolongs the network lifetime.
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350000, China. zzxu@fzu.edu.cn.|Fujian Key Laboratory of Industrial Control and Information Security Technology, Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350000, China. zzxu@fzu.edu.cn.
Zhezhuang
Z
Xu
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350000, China. chenli7uan@163.com.|Fujian Key Laboratory of Industrial Control and Information Security Technology, Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350000, China. chenli7uan@163.com.
Liquan
L
Chen
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350000, China. n140120058@fzu.edu.cn.|Fujian Key Laboratory of Industrial Control and Information Security Technology, Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350000, China. n140120058@fzu.edu.cn.
Ting
T
Liu
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350000, China. chenli7uan@163.com.|Fujian Key Laboratory of Industrial Control and Information Security Technology, Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350000, China. chenli7uan@163.com.
Lianyang
L
Cao
School of Electronic, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. cailianchen@sjtu.edu.cn.
Cailian
C
Chen
data collection; dynamic clustering; energy balance; energy efficiency; hybrid clustering and routing; wireless sensor networks