Metabolic and oxidative status of Saanen goats of different parity during the peripartum period.
The aim of this study was to research changes in metabolic and antioxidative status of Saanen goats of different parity occurring during the peripartum period. Blood samples were taken on 10-7 and 3-1 d prepartally and 1-3, 14 and 28 d postpartally from goats allocated in three groups according to their parity: primiparous (PRIM), goats that kidded the 2nd or 3rd time (MID), and goats that kidded 4 or more times (MULTI)). Metabolic profile parameters (non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose, triglycerides, albumin and urea) and indicators of oxidative stress ((superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) were determined. Intense metabolic changes associated with late pregnancy and onset of lactation were pronounced the most in MULTI goats that also had the biggest litter per goat. Significant differences were found in metabolic parameters NEFA, BHB, glucose, triglycerides within groups during peripartum period, as well as between them (the effect of parity). MDA concentrations were indicative of increased lipid peroxidation around parturition, especially pronounced in MULTI group 1-3 d prepartally, when the highest GSH-Px/SOD ratio was also found. Postpartally, antioxidant enzymes ratio in MID and MULTI group decreased while MDA concentrations remained high, suggesting antioxidant system inefficiency. Significant time × group interaction was observed for most of the parameters. The obtained results show that the goats of higher parity display higher levels of metabolism intensity and consequently, varying levels of oxidative stress during the peripartum period. Further studies should determine applicability of NEFA and BHB in periparturient metabolic profiling in dairy goats as well as establish normal ranges and cut-off levels for these biomarkers.
Department of Physiology and Radiobiology,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Zagreb,Croatia.
Lada
L
Radin
Department of Physiology and Radiobiology,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Zagreb,Croatia.
Miljenko
M
Šimpraga
Reproduction and Obstetrics Clinic,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Zagreb,Croatia.
Silvijo
S
Vince
Department of Animal Husbandry,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Zagreb,Croatia.
Antun
A
Kostelić
Department of Physiology and Radiobiology,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Zagreb,Croatia.
Suzana
S
Milinković-Tur
D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000502:physiology*; D007774:Lactation; D008098:Litter Size; D008892:Milk; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010298:Parity; D058725:Peripartum Period / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy
Oxidative stress; goats; metabolic profile; parity; peripartum