Antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects of gelatin hydrolysate from unicorn leatherjacket skin.
BACKGROUND
The in vitro cellular bioactivities including, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects of a gelatin hydrolysate (GH) prepared from unicorn leatherjacket skin, using partially purified glycyl endopeptidase, were investigated in order to optimize the use of fish skin waste products as functional food ingredients.


RESULTS
GH under the tested concentrations (750-1500 µg mL(-1) ) protected against H2 O2 -induced DNA damage in U937 cells. GH also protected against the H2 O2 -induced reduction in cellular antioxidant enzyme activities, superoxide dismutase and catalase, in HepG2 cells. GH demonstrated immunomodulatory potential by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β) production and nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Cell proliferation in human colon cancer (Caco-2) cells was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner following incubation with GH.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that GH has several bioactivities which support its potential as a promising functional food ingredient with various health benefits. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
Supatra
S
Karnjanapratum
School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Yvonne C
YC
O'Callaghan
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
Soottawat
S
Benjakul
School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Nora
N
O'Brien
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D020298:U937 Cells
D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005780:Gelatin; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C050874:glycyl endopeptidase
antioxidant activity; antiproliferative activity; gelatin hydrolysate; immunomodulatory effect; unicorn leatherjacket skin