Fungal Antagonism Assessment of Predatory Species and Producers Metabolites and Their Effectiveness on Haemonchus contortus Infective Larvae.
The objective of this study was to assess antagonism of nematophagous fungi and species producers metabolites and their effectiveness on Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3). Assay A assesses the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effect on the production of spores of fungal isolates of the species Duddingtonia flagrans, Clonostachys rosea, Trichoderma esau, and Arthrobotrys musiformis; Assay B evaluates in vitro the effect of intercropping of these isolates grown in 2% water-agar (2% WA) on L3 of H. contortus. D. flagrans (Assay A) produced 5.3 × 10(6) spores and associated with T. esau, A. musiformis, or C. rosea reduced its production by 60.37, 45.28, and 49.05%, respectively. T. esau produced 7.9 × 10(7) conidia and associated with D. flagrans, A. musiformis, or C. rosea reduced its production by 39.24, 82.27, and 96.96%, respectively. A. musiformis produced 7.3 × 10(9) spores and associated with D. flagrans, T. esau, or C. rosea reduced its production by 99.98, 99.99, and 99.98%, respectively. C. rosea produced 7.3 × 10(8) conidia and associated with D. flagrans, T. esau, or A. musiformis reduced its production by 95.20, 96.84, and 93.56%, respectively. These results show evidence of antagonism in the production of spores between predators fungi.
Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Manoel Eduardo
ME
Silva
Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil ; Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Fabio Ribeiro
FR
Braga
Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Pedro Mendoza
PM
de Gives
Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuárias, UAEM, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico.
Jair
J
Millán-Orozco
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias INIFAP/CENID, Avenida Progreso No. 5, Colonia Barrio de Santa Catarina, 04010 Delegación Coyoacán, DF, Mexico.
Miguel Angel Mercado
MA
Uriostegui
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias INIFAP/CENID, Avenida Progreso No. 5, Colonia Barrio de Santa Catarina, 04010 Delegación Coyoacán, DF, Mexico.
Liliana Aguilar
LA
Marcelino
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Filippe Elias de Freitas
FE
Soares
Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Andréia Luiza
AL
Araújo
Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Thainá Souza
TS
Vargas
Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Anderson Rocha
AR
Aguiar
Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Thiago
T
Senna
Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Maria Gorete
MG
Rodrigues
Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
Frederico Vieira
FV
Froes
Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Jackson Victor
JV
de Araújo
D000818:Animals; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity