Advances in antitumor polysaccharides from phellinus sensu lato: Production, isolation, structure, antitumor activity, and mechanisms.
Edible and medicinal fungi (mushrooms) are widely applied to functional foods and nutraceutical products because of their proven nutritive and medicinal properties. Phellinus sensu lato is a well-known medicinal mushroom that has long been used in preventing ailments, including gastroenteric dysfunction, diarrhea, hemorrhage, and cancers, in oriental countries, particularly in China, Japan, and Korea. Polysaccharides represent a major class of bioactive molecules in Phellinus s. l., which have notable antitumor, immunomodulatory, and medicinal properties. Polysaccharides that were isolated from fruiting bodies, cultured mycelia, and filtrates of Phellinus s. l. have not only activated different immune responses of the host organism but have also directly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis. Studies suggest that polysaccharides from Phellinus s. l. are promising alternative anticancer agents or synergizers for existing antitumor drugs. This review summarizes the recent development of polysaccharides from Phellinus s. l., including polysaccharide production, extraction and isolation methods, chemical structure, antitumor activities, and mechanisms of action.
a School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.
Jing-Kun
JK
Yan
a School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.
Juan-Juan
JJ
Pei
a School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.
Hai-Le
HL
Ma
a School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.
Zhen-Bin
ZB
Wang
b Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Kowloon, Hong Kong , Hong Kong.
Yuan-Shuai
YS
Liu
D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002681:China; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007564:Japan; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D056910:Republic of Korea
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides
Phellinus sensu lato; antitumor; mechanism; polysaccharides; structure