Impact of cytogenetic classification on outcomes following early high-dose therapy in multiple myeloma.
Early high-dose therapy (HDT), consisting of high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation following doublet or triplet novel agent induction, is a preferred management strategy for transplant-eligible myeloma patients. We set out to examine the utility of the current fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-based risk stratification in a homogenously treated population of transplant-eligible myeloma patients receiving novel induction regimens and early HDT with or without posttransplant maintenance therapy. FISH was available in 409 patients at the time of diagnosis for patients receiving HDT within 12 months of diagnosis. We present comprehensive outcomes for chromosome 14 translocations and 17p abnormalities that both support and refute current risk stratification models. In contrast to its current classification as a marker of 'standard risk' (SR), t(11;14) was associated with inferior overall survival (OS) when compared with the classical SR cohort. The use of novel agent maintenance therapy (bortezomib or lenalidomide) following early HDT ameliorates the negative prognostic value of high-risk (HR) cytogenetic markers. HR patients who received maintenance following early HDT had similar OS compared with the SR cohort at 5 years.
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
G P
GP
Kaufman
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
M A
MA
Gertz
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
A
A
Dispenzieri
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
M Q
MQ
Lacy
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
F K
FK
Buadi
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
D
D
Dingli
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
S R
SR
Hayman
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
P
P
Kapoor
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
J A
JA
Lust
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
S
S
Russell
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
R S
RS
Go
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Y L
YL
Hwa
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
R A
RA
Kyle
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
S V
SV
Rajkumar
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
S K
SK
Kumar
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069286:Bortezomib / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D013792:Thalidomide; D000069286:Bortezomib; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008558:Melphalan