Dysphagia Management in Acute and Sub-acute Stroke.
Swallowing dysfunction is common after stroke. More than 50% of the 665 thousand stroke survivors will experience dysphagia acutely of which approximately 80 thousand will experience persistent dysphagia at 6 months. The physiologic impairments that result in post-stroke dysphagia are varied. This review focuses primarily on well-established dysphagia treatments in the context of the physiologic impairments they treat. Traditional dysphagia therapies including volume and texture modifications, strategies such as chin tuck, head tilt, head turn, effortful swallow, supraglottic swallow, super-supraglottic swallow, Mendelsohn maneuver and exercises such as the Shaker exercise and Masako (tongue hold) maneuver are discussed. Other more recent treatment interventions are discussed in the context of the evidence available.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Alicia
A
Vose
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Jodi
J
Nonnenmacher
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Michele L
ML
Singer
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Marlís
M
González-Fernández
Stroke; deglutition; dysphagia; swallowing; treatment