Aegle marmelos fruit extract attenuates Helicobacter pylori Lipopolysaccharide induced oxidative stress in Sprague Dawley rats.
BACKGROUND
Bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.) has been widely used in indigenous systems of Indian medicine to exploit its medicinal properties including astringent, antidiarrheal, antidysenteric, demulcent, antipyretic, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory and anti cancer activities. The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidative and antiulcer effect of methanolic extract of unripe fruit of Aegle marmelos (MEAM) against Helicobacter pylori-Lipopolysaccharide (HP-LPS) induced gastric ulcer in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.


METHODS
Dose and duration of HP-LPS and MEAM were fixed based on ulcer index of gastric tissue of experimental animals. Various gastric secretory parameters such as volume of gastric juice, free and total acidity, acid output, pepsin concentration were analyzed. The activities of enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase), non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E) and the levels of lipid peroxidation products were measured. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of Aegle marmelos on HP-LPS induced gastric ulcer.


RESULTS
Oral administration of HP-LPS (50 μg per animal) for four consecutive days resulted in induction of ulcer with the increase in gastric secretory parameters such as volume of gastric juice, free and total acidity, acid output, pepsin concentration. Oral administration of methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos fruit (MEAM) (25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) reduced the gastric ulcer by 2.8 %, 52.4 %, 73 %, 93 % and 93.98 %, respectively, compared to 89.2 % reduction by sucralfate (100 mg/kg). MEAM treatment significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the increase in gastric secretory parameters in ulcerated rats, and it also prevented the reduction of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E) after HP-LPS induction. In addition, lipid peroxidation was inhibited by MEAM in HP-LPS induced rats. Results of histological analysis correlated well with biochemical parameters.


CONCLUSIONS
These observations explored the antioxidant properties of MEAM contributing to the gastroprotective effect in HP-LPS induced gastric ulcer model.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India. gayathri_ramakrishna@yahoo.com.
Yarasi Gayathri
YG
Ramakrishna
Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India. savi.7786@gmail.com.
Kumarasamy
K
Savithri
Institut fur Medizinische, Mekrobiologie und Hygiene, Freiburg, Germany. manfred.kist@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
Manfred
M
Kist
Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India. niranjali@yahoo.com.
Sivasitamparam Niranjali
SN
Devaraj
D045471:Aegle / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; C442865:lipopolysaccharide, Helicobacter pylori; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione