Potential Risk Factors of Death in Multiple Trauma Patients.
BACKGROUND
rauma has been recognized as one of the leading causes of death in many countries for decades. Reduction in mortality and morbidity rate of trauma cases is one of the most important attitudes in this field. Evaluation of different risk factors have been considered as the main goal of some studies. The purpose of this study was determining potential risk factors of death in trauma patients.


METHODS
In a retrograde study, data of 740 patients admitted during three years (2009-2011) were studied. Demographic data (sex and age), clinical factors (blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, Glasgow coma scale (GCS)), trauma characteristics (location, type of injury, etc.), as well as outcome of patients were evaluated. Data analyses was done using SPSS 18.0. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was used for recognition of independent predictive factors of death in multiple trauma patients.


RESULTS
Of those admitted, majority of patients were male (81.4%), 68% between 18 to 60 years, and 11.2% of them died during the course of treatment. Age; type of trauma; abnormal respiration rate, pulse rate, blood pressure; total GCS ≤8; abnormal pupil size; and head and neck; vertebral, and extremities fractures were obtained as significant predictive factor of death. GCS≤8, head and neck fracture, and abnormal pulse rate were independent death predictors.


CONCLUSIONS
We identified GCS≤8, head and neck fracture, and abnormal pulse rate as predictive factors of mortality after trauma, which remained independent in the presence of all other factors and potentially treatable.
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Sina
S
Jelodar
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Peyman
P
Jafari
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mahnaz
M
Yadollahi
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Golnar
G
Sabetian Jahromi
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Hoseynali
H
Khalili
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Hamidreza
H
Abbasi
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Shahram
S
Bolandparvaz
Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Shahram
S
Paydar
Risk factors; death; mortality; multiple trauma