Development of an In Vitro Model to Characterize the Effects of Transcatheter Aortic Valve on Coronary Artery Flow.
Impairment of coronary artery flow, in either acute or chronic conditions, is a severe complication of transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) implantation, which can arise due to improper TAV positioning. However, little work has been done to quantify the effects of the TAV positioning on the coronary flow. In this study, a realistic in vitro model of coronary artery flow was developed and used to investigate the impact of TAV deployed orientations on coronary flow. The coronary hemodynamics was first replicated mathematically using a lumped parameter model with time-varying myocardial resistance. Based on the analytical model, two stepper motor controlled stopcock valves were integrated in a left heart simulator to represent the variable myocardial resistance in the experimental setup. The coronary flow and pressure waveforms obtained from the in vitro system were consistent with published data. With a TAV deployed in different orientations, the measured results demonstrated that TAV orientation does not have a significant impact on the coronary flow. The developed in vitro model can be further utilized to simulate coronary flow under various pathological conditions.
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Joseph
J
Calderan
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Wenbin
W
Mao
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Eric
E
Sirois
Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Wei
W
Sun
D000818:Animals; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D012756:Sheep; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods
Coronary flow; Coronary pressure; In vitro model; Lumped parameter model; Transcatheter aortic valve