Adherence to Dietary Guidelines and Successful Aging Over 10 Years.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to prospectively examine the relationship between overall diet quality (reflecting adherence to dietary guidelines) and successful aging in a population-based cohort of older adults.


METHODS
In this population-based cohort study, we analyzed 10-year follow-up data from 1,609 adults aged 49 years and older, who were free of cancer, coronary artery disease, and stroke at the baseline and who had complete dietary data. Dietary data were collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Total diet scores (TDS) were allocated for intake of selected food groups and nutrients for each participant as described in the national dietary guidelines. Higher scores indicated closer adherence to dietary guidelines. Successful aging was defined as the absence of disability, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, respiratory symptoms, and chronic diseases (cancer, coronary artery disease, and stroke).


RESULTS
At 10-year follow-up, 610 (37.9%) participants had died and 249 (15.5%) participants aged successfully. After multivariable adjustment, each 1-unit increase in TDS at baseline was associated with a 8% increased odds of successful aging 10 years later, odds ratio 1.08 (95% confidence interval 1.00-1.15). Participants in the highest (high adherence to dietary guidelines) versus lowest quartile (poor adherence to guidelines) of TDS at baseline had 58% higher odds of successful aging after 10 years, odds ratio 1.58 (95% confidence interval 1.02-2.46).


CONCLUSIONS
Greater compliance with recommended national dietary guidelines (higher diet quality) was associated with an increased likelihood of successful aging, as determined through a multidomain approach.
Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. bamini.gopinath@sydney.edu.au.
Bamini
B
Gopinath
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Wollongong, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Joanna
J
Russell
Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Annette
A
Kifley
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Victoria M
VM
Flood
Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Paul
P
Mitchell
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001315:Australia; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies
Epidemiology; Morbidity; Normative Aging; Nutrition; Public Health; Successful Aging