Biologic Therapies: Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Anti-Interleukins, Rituximab and Others.
Biologic agents are a group of therapeutic agents targeting mediators of inflammation, including soluble factors (e.g. cytokines and chemokines), cytokine/chemokine receptors and immune cell surface markers. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the use of biologic therapies for the treatment of ocular inflammatory diseases. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents, particularly infliximab and adalimumab, are well studied. We will review these, as well as newer options in the development of more targeted therapy, including anti-interleukins, anti-cell surface molecule biologics and interferon-2α. Biologic treatment of ocular inflammatory disease has advanced rapidly over the past 10 years and continues to be an exciting field of study.
Nirali
N
Bhatt
William
W
Tucker
H Nida
HN
Sen
Robert B
RB
Nussenblatt
D001691:Biological Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014605:Uveitis / Q000628:therapy*
D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069283:Rituximab