Association Between Preeclampsia and Congenital Heart Defects.
OBJECTIVE
The risk of congenital heart defects in infants of women who had preeclampsia during pregnancy is poorly understood, despite shared angiogenic pathways in both conditions.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of congenital heart defects in offspring of women with preeclampsia.


METHODS
Population-level analysis of live births before discharge, 1989-2012, was conducted for the entire province of Quebec, comprising a quarter of Canada's population. All women who delivered an infant with or without heart defects in any Quebec hospital were included (N = 1,942,072 neonates).


METHODS
Preeclampsia or eclampsia with onset before or after 34 weeks of gestation.


METHODS
Presence of any critical or noncritical congenital heart defect detected in infants at birth, comparing prevalence in those exposed and not exposed to preeclampsia.


RESULTS
The absolute prevalence of congenital heart defects was higher for infants of women with preeclampsia than those without it. Infants of women with preeclampsia had no increased prevalence of critical heart defects but did have an increased prevalence of noncritical heart defects compared with infants of nonpreeclamptic women. [table: see text]. Among specific defects, prevalence was greatest for septal defects. Compared with infants of women with late-onset preeclampsia, those with early onset (<34 weeks) had greater prevalence of critical heart defects (364.4/100,000 [20/5488]; prevalence ratio, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.71-4.50; prevalence difference, 249.6/100,000; 95%CI, 89.7-409.6) and noncritical heart defects (7306.9/100,000 [401/5488]; prevalence ratio, 5.55; 95%CI, 4.98-6.19; prevalence difference, 6089.2/100,000; 95%CI, 5350.0-6828.3).


CONCLUSIONS
In this population-based study, preeclampsia was significantly associated with noncritical heart defects in offspring, and preeclampsia before 34 weeks was associated with critical heart defects. However, the absolute risk of congenital heart defects was low.
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada2Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada3University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Nathalie
N
Auger
University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
William D
WD
Fraser
Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada3University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Jessica
J
Healy-Profitós
Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Laura
L
Arbour
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011792:Quebec / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D055815:Young Adult