Antibiotic resistance: what, why, where, when and how?
BACKGROUND
Antibiotic resistance is a threat to the effective prevention and treatment of an ever-increasing range of infections caused by bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi.


METHODS
Peer-reviewed journal articles, governmental and professional society publications.


RESULTS
There is consensus about the development and spread of antibiotic resistance, the reasons for the development of antibiotic resistance and the clinical impact. There is more debate about the most appropriate way of tackling this increasing problem.


CONCLUSIONS
This review discusses a number of initiatives (local and global) that are being undertaken to protect the antibiotics we currently have available for use and to encourage the development of newer agents.
Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK.
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Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK.
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Enoch
Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK nicholas.brown@addenbrookes.nhs.uk.
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Brown
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D063487:Prescription Drug Misuse / Q000009:adverse effects
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
antibiotic stewardship; antibiotics; resistance