A Polysomnographic Study of Parkinson's Disease Sleep Architecture.
Sleep disturbance is a common nonmotor phenomenon in Parkinson's disease (PD) affecting patient's quality of life. In this study, we examined the association between clinical characteristics with sleep disorders and sleep architecture patterns in a PD cohort. Patients underwent a standardized polysomnography study (PSG) in their "on medication" state. We observed that male gender and disease duration were independently associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Only lower levodopa equivalent dose (LED) was associated with periodic limb movement disorders (PLMD). REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) was more common among older patients, with higher MDS-UPDRS III scores, and LED. None of the investigated variables were associated with the awakenings/arousals (A/A). Sleep efficiency was predicted by amantadine usage and age, while sleep stage 1 was predicted by dopamine agonists and Hoehn & Yahr severity. The use of MAO-B inhibitors and MDS-UPDRS part III were predictors of sleep stages 2 and 3. Age was the only predictor of REM sleep stage and gender for total sleep time. We conclude that sleep disorders and architecture are poorly predictable by clinical PD characteristics and other disease related factors must also be contributing to these sleep disturbances.
Department of Neurology, University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA.
Daniel
D
Martinez-Ramirez
Department of Neurology, University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA.
Sol
S
De Jesus
Department of Neurology, University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA ; Departamento de Clínica Médica, Centro de Neurociências Aplicadas, HU, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Roger
R
Walz
Laboratorio Clínico de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Clinica de Trastornos del Movimiento, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
Amin
A
Cervantes-Arriaga
Department of Neurology, University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA.
Zhongxing
Z
Peng-Chen
Department of Neurology, University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA ; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Michael S
MS
Okun
Unidad de Medicina del Sueño, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
Vanessa
V
Alatriste-Booth
Laboratorio Clínico de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Clinica de Trastornos del Movimiento, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
Mayela
M
Rodríguez-Violante