Characterization of solidifiers used for oil spill remediation.
The physical characteristics and chemical composition of oil spill solidifiers were studied, and correlation of these properties with product effectiveness enabled determination of characteristics that are desirable in a good solidifier. The analyses revealed that the commercial products were primarily comprised of organic polymers and a few trace elements. A natural sorbent, which was composed entirely of plant based matter, was also evaluated, and it had the highest oil removal capacity, but it did not produce a solid mat-like final product. Generally, solidifiers with a carbonate group, pore size greater than 5 μm, and bulk densities lower than 0.3 g cm(-3) were found to have better efficiency and produced a cohesive rubbery final product that facilitated removal compared to sorbents. The importance of bulk density and pore size in the performance of the solidifier suggest that the primary mechanism of action was likely physical sorption.
Department of Biomedical, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
Devi
D
Sundaravadivelu
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon. Electronic address: msuidan@aub.edu.lb.
Makram T
MT
Suidan
National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.
Albert D
AD
Venosa
Advanced Materials Characterization Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
Pablo I
PI
Rosales
D000327:Adsorption; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D010578:Petroleum; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity
D010578:Petroleum; D011108:Polymers
Bulk powder density; EDX; FTIR; Oil solidifier effectiveness; SEM; XPS