Anticancer treatment and fertility: Effect of therapeutic modalities on reproductive system and functions.
The significant improvement of cancer treatments entailed a longer life in cancer survivors and raised expectations for higher quality of life with minimized long-term toxicity. Infertility and gonadal dysfunction are adverse effects of anticancer therapy or may be related to specific tumors. In female cancer survivors, premature ovarian failure is common after antineoplastic treatments resulting in infertility and other morbidities related to oestrogen deficiency such as osteoporosis. In male cancer survivors, infertility and persistent a zoospermia is a more common long-term adverse effect than hypogonadism because germ cells are more sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy than leydig cells. Gonadal toxicity and compromise of reproductive functions will be more efficiently prevented and treated if addressed before treatment initiation. This review focuses on these issues in young cancer survivors of childbearing age, where methods of protecting or restoring endocrine function and fertility need to be considered.
Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital 75013 Paris, France; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Marc Jacquet, Melun, Seine et Marne, France. Electronic address: marva-1@hotmail.com.
Maria
M
Vassilakopoulou
Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital 75013 Paris, France; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Marc Jacquet, Melun, Seine et Marne, France.
Erfaneh
E
Boostandoost
Oncology Unit, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, 108V. Sophias, 11634, Greece.
George
G
Papaxoinis
Institut Curie, Hôpital René Huguenin, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, 35 rue Dailly, Saint-Cloud, 92210, France.
Thibault
T
de La Motte Rouge
Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital 75013 Paris, France.
David
D
Khayat
Oncology Department, Attikon Hospital, University of Athens, 1 Rimini, 12462, Greece.
Amanda
A
Psyrri
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D017741:Survivors; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
Anticancer treatment; Cryopreservation; Fertility preservation; Gonadotoxicity; Infertility