Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and overweight and obesity in offspring: a study in Chinese children.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and breast feeding on childhood overweight and obesity in a mainland Chinese population. The incidence of and factors associated with overweight and obesity were compared between children of mothers with (n=1068) and without (n=1756) GDM. The independent roles of the associated factors were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis. The incidence of overweight was higher (16.6 v. 12.6%, P=0.002) in the GDM group, but that of obesity was not different (10.7 v. 12.0%, P=0.315). At age 1-2 and 2-5 years, no difference in overweight (11.0 v. 12.0%, P=0.917, and 15.7 v. 14.6%, P=0.693, respectively) was found, while obesity (8.0 v. 13.6%, P=0.019, and 8.4 v. 13.4%, P=0.014, respectively) was less frequent in the GDM offspring. At age 5-10 years, increased overweight (22.2 v. 12.1%, P<0.001) and obesity (15.9 v. 9.0%, P=0.001) were found in the GDM group, which was associated with maternal obesity, being born large-for-gestational age, male gender and formula feeding. After adjusting for confounding factors, GDM remained an independent determinant of offspring overweight and obesity (aOR 2.28, 95% CI 1.61-3.22), suggesting that the effects of GDM were independent of breast feeding, as well as of maternal obesity and birth size.
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
Y L
YL
Zhao
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
R M
RM
Ma
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Hong Kong,P.R. China.
T T
TT
Lao
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
Z
Z
Chen
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
M Y
MY
Du
3Department of Pediatrics,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
K
K
Liang
3Department of Pediatrics,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
Y K
YK
Huang
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
L
L
Zhang
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
M H
MH
Yang
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
Y H
YH
Sun
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
H
H
Li
3Department of Pediatrics,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming,P.R. China.
Z B
ZB
Ding
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
children; gestational diabetes mellitus; obesity; offspring; overweight