The hedgehog antagonist HHIP as a favorable prognosticator in glioblastoma.
Inactivation of hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP) and overexpression of Gli1 play vital roles in the development of diverse human cancers. The aim of this study is to examine the association of HHIP and Gli1 with the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). The expression of HHIP and Gli1 in 103 patients with GBM and 32 control patients was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of HHIP as well as Gli1 with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients. HHIP and Gli1 were dysregulated in GBM. Spearman's rank analysis showed that HHIP and Gli1 had an inverse correlation (r = -0.386, P = 0.000). Expression of HHIP was significantly correlated with age (P = 0.000), gender (P = 0.003), seizure (P = 0.013), resection degree (P = 0.033), adjuvant treatment (P = 0.030), and O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation (P = 0.021), while Gli1 expression was significantly correlated with age (P = 0.002), gender (P = 0.033), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (P = 0.028), resection degree (P = 0.000), adjuvant treatment (P = 0.014), and MGMT methylation (P = 0.030). Kaplan-Meier method showed that patients with low Gli1 expression had longer overall survival (OS) than those with high Gli1 expression (P = 0.000) and the OS of the patients with HHIP-positive GBM was significantly longer than that of the patients with HHIP-negative GBM (P = 0.000). Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that HHIP expression and Gli1 expression were independent prognostic factors. Our data suggested that expression of HHIP could be considered as significant prognostic marker for patients with GBM.
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Liang
L
Chang
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Ping
P
Zhang
Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.|Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Dan
D
Zhao
Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.|Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Huibin
H
Liu
Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.|Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Qiushi
Q
Wang
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Chenlong
C
Li
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Wenzhong
W
Du
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Xing
X
Liu
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China.
Haitao
H
Zhang
Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China. zhirenzh@yahoo.com.|Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China. zhirenzh@yahoo.com.
Zhiren
Z
Zhang
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 XueFu Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150086, China. jcl_6688@163.com.
Chuanlu
C
Jiang
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D055815:Young Adult; D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1 / Q000378:metabolism
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C400551:GLI1 protein, human; C117596:HHIP protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
Gli1; Glioblastoma; HHIP; Prognosis