Contribution of Interleukin-4 Genotypes to Lung Cancer Risk in Taiwan.
OBJECTIVE
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a typical pleiotropic T helper 2 cytokine involved in immunology during carcinogenesis. The present study aimed at evaluating the contribution of IL-4 promoter T-1099G (rs2243248), C-589T (rs2243250), C-33T (rs2070874) genetic polymorphisms to the risk of lung cancer in Taiwan.


METHODS
The contributions of the promoter IL-4 polymorphic genotypes to lung cancer risk were investigated in 358 lung cancer patients and 716 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. In addition, the interaction between IL-4 and individual smoking status was also evaluated.


RESULTS
The percentages of CC, CT and TT for IL-4 C-589T genotypes were differentially represented as 69.0%, 26.5% and 4.5% in the lung-cancer patient group and 61.3%, 30.4% and 8.3% in the non-cancer control group, respectively (p=0.0156). The TT genotype carriers were of lower risk for lung cancer (odds ratio (OR)=0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.27-0.86, p=0.0106) than the CC genotype carriers. We also analyzed the allelic frequency distributions and the results showed that the T allele of IL-4 C-589T conducted a protective effect on lung cancer susceptibility (p=0.0022). On the contrary, there was no difference in the distribution of genotypic or allelic frequencies among patients and controls for the IL-4 promoter T-1099G and C-33T.


CONCLUSIONS
The TT genotype of IL-4 C-589T compared to the CC wild-type genotype may have a protective effect on lung cancer risk in Taiwan and may serve as an early detection and prediction marker.
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Wen-Shin
WS
Chang
Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Shou-Cheng
SC
Wang
Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Chin-Liang
CL
Chuang
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Hong-Xue
HX
Ji
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Chieh-Lun
CL
Hsiao
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Chin-Mu
CM
Hsu
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Chia-Wen
CW
Tsai
Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Shih-Ping
SP
Liu
Departments of Pediatrics, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Pei-Chen
PC
Hsu
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Yen-Li
YL
Lo
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. datian@mail.cmuh.org.tw artbau2@gmail.com.
Da-Tian
DT
Bau
D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan
C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10
Genotype; Taiwan; interleukin-4; lung; polymorphism