POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY SECONDARY TO A STABLE CHOROIDAL NEVUS.
OBJECTIVE
Choroidal nevus is the most common ocular fundus tumor in adults. Previous studies have widely discussed the features of choroidal neovascularization secondary to nevus and its treatment options. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is an exudative chorioretinopathy that is often underdiagnosed. Clinical features, natural history, and treatment response of PCV are distinct from occult choroidal neovascularization. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy secondary to choroidal nevus has not been previously documented. We report a patient with a history of stable choroidal nevus who developed a polypoidal lesion at the edge of the nevus lesion.


METHODS
A white woman who presented with a choroidal nevus and clinical features of PCV was examined using fundoscopy, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography.


RESULTS
A polypoidal lesion with an associated branching vascular network adjacent to the nevus was demonstrated by optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography. The patient was asymptomatic and was managed conservatively.


CONCLUSIONS
Our case showed that PCV developing in association with a stable choroidal nevus. Pathogenic mechanisms of this condition may include chronic degenerative or inflammatory changes at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium resulting in vascular changes. Unlike treatment of occult choroidal neovascularization secondary to nevus, optimal management of PCV secondary to nevus may vary. Indocyanine green angiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PCV and is a useful investigation in atypical choroidal neovascularization.
*Strathfield Retina Clinic, Sydney, Australia; †Medical Retina Unit, Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia; ‡Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; §School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ¶Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and **Ophthalmology Clinic, Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
James G
JG
Wong
Xin Jie
XJ
Lai
Richard Y
RY
Sarafian
Hon Seng
HS
Wong
Jeremy B
JB
Smith
D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009506:Nevus / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000473:pathology