Green synthesis of bacterial mediated anti-proliferative gold nanoparticles: inducing mitotic arrest (G2/M phase) and apoptosis (intrinsic pathway).
The physiochemical and biological properties of microbial derived gold nanoparticles have potential applications in various biomedical domains as well as in cancer therapy. We have fabricated anti-proliferative bacterial mediated gold nanoparticles (b-Au NPs) using a culture supernatant of Streptomyces clavuligerus and later characterized them by UV-visible, TEM, DLS, XRD and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The capping agent responsible for the nanoparticle formation was characterized based on SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses. They were tested for anticancer activity in A549, HeLa and DU145 cell lines. The biocompatibility and non-toxic nature of the nanoparticles were tested on normal human lung cell line (MRC-5). The b-Au NPs induced the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and also inhibited the microtubule assembly in DU145 cells. Mechanistic studies, such as ROS, MMP, Cyt-c, GSH, caspases 9, 8 and 3 activation and the Annexin V-FITC staining, along with the above parameters tested provided sufficient evidence that the b-Au NPs induced apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway. The results supported the use of b-Au NPs for future therapeutic application in cancer therapy and other biomedical applications.
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India. cgkumar.iict@gov.in cgkumar5@gmail.com.
C Ganesh
CG
Kumar
Y
Y
Poornachandra
Cheemalamarri
C
Chandrasekhar
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D059565:G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D006046:Gold