Older patients' participation in hospital admissions through the emergency department: an interview study of healthcare professionals.
BACKGROUND
Patient participation is an important aspect of healthcare quality and may be one way to improve the quality of transitional care for older patients. Research reveals minimal awareness about patient participation in hospital admissions. Hospital admissions require attention to individuals' specific needs beyond patient frailty, and to involve patients and their families in shared decision-making. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing patient participation by exploring healthcare professionals' views on patient participation during the hospital admission of older patients through the emergency department (ED).


METHODS
The study used a qualitative and descriptive design with face-to-face interviews. A total of 27 interviews were conducted with 15 healthcare professionals from one hospital and 12 from another. The data were analyzed using systematic text condensation.


RESULTS
Healthcare professionals thought that patient participation in hospital admissions was influenced by five main factors: 1) routine treatment and care during hospital admission, and in particular certain procedures such as medical examinations; 2) the frail and thankful older patients, and the overall picture of their medical needs; 3) hospital resources, such as available staff and beds; 4) healthcare professionals' attitude towards finding out about older patients' experiences; and 5) the presence of a supportive and demanding next of kin acting as an advocate for the patient.


CONCLUSIONS
Patient participation in hospital admissions of older patients is dependent on the way the service is organized, the patients' condition, hospital resources, healthcare professionals' attitudes, and support from patients' next of kin. Some of the participants had high expectations of themselves and actively involved patients, but others did not find patient participation relevant in the emergency department. Some used crowded wards as a reason not to engage older patients in their own care.
Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. dagrunn.n.dyrstad@uis.no.|Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. dagrunn.n.dyrstad@uis.no.
Dagrunn Nåden
DN
Dyrstad
Centre for Age-Related Medicine, SESAM, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. ingelin.testad@sus.no.
Ingelin
I
Testad
Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. marianne.storm@uis.no.
Marianne
M
Storm
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003657:Decision Making; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission; D010358:Patient Participation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011787:Quality of Health Care