Association of hypoadiponectemia with smokeless/dipping tobacco use in young men.
BACKGROUND
Low levels of adiponectin, an adipocytokine with anti-diabetic, antiatherogenic and cardioprotective properties, is associated with increased risk of coronary disease in young men. Previous studies have demonstrated that smokeless tobacco is linked with a reduction of plasma adiponectin levels. However, the influence of smokeless tobacco (dipping tobacco) on plasma adiponectin levels still remains unknown. This study was conducted to assess the plasma adiponectin levels in young men who were using dipping tobacco.


METHODS
This was a community based study, which consisted of 186 young lean healthy males aged 20 to 35 years. Among these, 96 men were dipping tobacco users (BMI = 23.07 ± 2.68) and 90 were non-dipping tobacco users (BMI = 23.67 ± 1.46). Serum adiponectin levels were assessed by Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA).


RESULTS
A statistically significant difference in the mean adiponectin level between tobacco dipper and non-dipper groups was observed (p = 0.0001). A significant difference between the two groups was also observed in baseline parameters including triglyceride and random blood sugar levels (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in other clinical parameters.


CONCLUSIONS
Findings of this study suggest that dipping tobacco use was significantly associated with low level of adiponetin in community dwelling young males. This emphasizes the importance of developing community intervention to reduce the use of dipping tobacco, which will reduce the tobacco associated disease burden in the community and will improve public health.
Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. Sardarahmad62@hotmail.com.
Sardar
S
Ahmad
Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. mohsin.ibms@kmu.edu.pk.|Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Adjacent PDA building, Phase 5, Hayat Abad, Peshawar, Pakistan. mohsin.ibms@kmu.edu.pk.
Mohsin
M
Shah
Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. J62ahmed@yahoo.com.
Jawad
J
Ahmed
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. Aslamkhan.ibms@kmu.edu.pk.
Aslam
A
Khan
Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. hamidhussain22@hotmail.com.
Hamid
H
Hussain
School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. Mary.McVey@glasgow.ac.uk.
Mary
M
McVey
Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan. draliasif7@gmail.com.
Asif
A
Ali
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011634:Public Health; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin