Mycorrhiza alters the profile of root hairs in trifoliate orange.
Root hairs and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) coexist in root systems for nutrient and water absorption, but the relation between AM and root hairs is poorly known. A pot study was performed to evaluate the effects of four different AM fungi (AMF), namely, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Diversispora versiformis, Funneliformis mosseae, and Rhizophagus intraradices on root hair development in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings grown in sand. Mycorrhizal seedlings showed significantly higher root hair density than non-mycorrhizal seedlings, irrespective of AMF species. AMF inoculation generally significantly decreased root hair length in the first- and second-order lateral roots but increased it in the third- and fourth-order lateral roots. AMF colonization induced diverse responses in root hair diameter of different order lateral roots. Considerably greater concentrations of phosphorus (P), nitric oxide (NO), glucose, sucrose, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were found in roots of AM seedlings than in non-AM seedlings. Levels of P, NO, carbohydrates, IAA, and MeJA in roots were correlated with AM formation and root hair development. These results suggest that AMF could alter the profile of root hairs in trifoliate orange through modulation of physiological activities. F. mosseae, which had the greatest positive effects, could represent an efficient AM fungus for increasing fruit yields or decreasing fertilizer inputs in citrus production.
College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China. wuqiangsh@163.com.|Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China. wuqiangsh@163.com.
Qiang-Sheng
QS
Wu
College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Chun-Yan
CY
Liu
College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
De-Jian
DJ
Zhang
College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Ying-Ning
YN
Zou
School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.|Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia.
Xin-Hua
XH
He
Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Qing-Hua
QH
Wu
D018533:Biomass; D002957:Citrus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000502:physiology; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D032104:Poncirus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012987:Soil; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000502:physiology
D012987:Soil
Citrus; Glucose; IAA; MeJA; Mycorrhiza; Root hairs