Latest advances in the pathological understanding of cholangiocarcinomas.
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are anatomically classified into intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal types. The gross pathological classification of intrahepatic CCAs divides them into mass-forming, periductal-infiltrating, and intraductal-growth types; and perihilar/distal CCAs into flat- and nodular-infiltrating and papillary types. Unique preinvasive lesions appear to precede individual gross types of CCA. Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, a flat lesion, precedes periductal-, flat-, and nodular-infiltrating CCAs, whereas intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) precedes the intraductal-growth and papillary type of CCAs. IPNBs are heterogeneous in their histological and pathological profiles along the biliary tree. Hepatobiliary cystadenomas/adenocarcinomas are reclassified as cystic IPNBs and hepatic mucinous cystic neoplasms. Peribiliary glands may participate in the development of CCAs. These latest findings present a new challenge for understanding the pathology of CCAs.
a Department of Diagnostic Pathology , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Shizuoka , Japan.
Yasuni
Y
Nakanuma
a Department of Diagnostic Pathology , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Shizuoka , Japan.|b Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Shizuoka , Japan.
Takashi
T
Miyata
a Department of Diagnostic Pathology , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Shizuoka , Japan.|b Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery , Shizuoka Cancer Center , Shizuoka , Japan.
Tsuneyuki
T
Uchida
D000236:Adenoma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000473:pathology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D003536:Cystadenocarcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D004701:Endocrine Gland Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans
Biliary tree; cholangiocarcinoma; intraductal papillary neoplasm; intraductal tubular neoplasm of bile duct; intraepithelial biliary neoplasia; intraepithelial spread; mucinous cystic neoplasm; peribiliary glands