High frequency hearing thresholds and product distortion otoacoustic emissions in cystic fibrosis patients.
BACKGROUND
The treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis involves the use of ototoxic drugs, mainly aminoglycoside antibiotics. Due to the use of these drugs, fibrocystic patients are at risk of developing hearing loss.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the hearing of patients with cystic fibrosis by High Frequency Audiometry and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study. The study group consisted of 39 patients (7-20 years of age) with cystic fibrosis and a control group of 36 individuals in the same age group without otologic complaints, with normal audiometric thresholds and type A tympanometric curves. High Frequency Audiometry and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions tests were conducted.


RESULTS
The study group had significantly higher thresholds at 250, 1000, 8000, 9000, 10,000, 12,500, and 16,000Hz (p=0.004) as well as higher prevalence of otoacoustic emission alterations at 1000 and 6000Hz (p=0.001), with significantly lower amplitudes at 1000, 1400, and 6000Hz. There was a significant association between alterations in hearing thresholds in High Frequency Audiometry with the number of courses of aminoglycosides administered (p=0.005). Eighty-three percent of patients who completed more than ten courses of aminoglycosides had hearing loss in High Frequency Audiometry.


CONCLUSIONS
A significant number of patients with cystic fibrosis who received repeated courses of aminoglycosides showed alterations in High Frequency Audiometry and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions. The implementation of ten or more aminoglycoside cycles was associated with alterations in High Frequency Audiometry.
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: geyer.lucia@gmail.com.
Lucia Bencke
LB
Geyer
Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Toronto University, Toronto, Canada.
Sergio Saldanha
SS
Menna Barreto
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Liese Loureiro
LL
Weigert
Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Human Health and Communication, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Adriane Ribeiro
AR
Teixeira
D000293:Adolescent; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; D055815:Young Adult
D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
Aminoglicosídeos; Aminoglycosides; Audiometria; Audiometry; Cystic fibrosis; Fibrose cística