NAMPT and NAMPT-controlled NAD Metabolism in Vascular Repair.
Vascular repair plays important roles in postischemic remodeling and rehabilitation in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a well-known coenzyme involved in electron transport chain for generation of adenosine triphosphate, has emerged as an important controller regulating various biological signaling pathways. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD biosynthesis in mammals. NAMPT may also act in a nonenzymatic manner, presumably mediated by unknown receptor(s). Rapidly accumulating data in the past decade show that NAMPT and NAMPT-controlled NAD metabolism regulate fundamental biological functions in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and endothelial progenitor cells. The NAD-consuming proteins, including sirtuins, poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs), and CD38, may contribute to the regulatory effects of NAMPT-NAD axis in these cells and vascular repair. This review discusses the current data regarding NAMPT and NAMPT-controlled NAD metabolism in vascular repair and the clinical potential translational application of NAMPT-related products in treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
Departments of *Pharmacology; and †Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; ‡Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke Center, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; and §Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
Pei
P
Wang
Wen-Lin
WL
Li
Jian-Min
JM
Liu
Chao-Yu
CY
Miao
D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000378:metabolism
D009243:NAD; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D037761:Sirtuins