HLADR: a database system for enhancing the discovery of biomarkers for predicting human leukocyte antigen-mediated idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions.
OBJECTIVE
To establish a database for the associations between idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) and human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and to systematically assess the characteristics of the drug-HLA associations.


METHODS
Electronic databases were searched to extensively identify drug-HLA association studies from 1966 to present.


RESULTS
A drug-HLA-IDR database, HLADR, was created. The drug-HLA relationship network clearly reflected an ethnicity dependency of the associations. The positive predictive values and the negative predictive values demonstrated that other potential factors may also regulate the occurrence of HLA-specific IDRs.


CONCLUSIONS
Constructing studies with samples from homogeneous ethnic groups and identifying cofactors that affect negative predictive values and positive predictive values will become necessary to enhance the predictability of HLA biomarkers for future research on IDRs.
Center for Pharmacogenomics & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
Tingting
T
Du
National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Lun
L
Yang
National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.|University of Arkansas at Little Rock/University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Joint Bioinformatics Graduate Program, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.
Heng
H
Luo
National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Peng
P
Zhou
National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Hu
H
Mei
Center for Pharmacogenomics & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.|National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Jiekun
J
Xuan
Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, 138 Shanghai Medical School Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Qinghe
Q
Xing
National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Baitang
B
Ning
National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Donna L
DL
Mendrick
Center for Pharmacogenomics & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.|National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.|University of Arkansas at Little Rock/University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Joint Bioinformatics Graduate Program, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.
Leming
L
Shi
D000483:Alleles; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans
D015415:Biomarkers; D006680:HLA Antigens
association; biomarkers; human leukocyte antigen; idiosyncratic drug reactions; pharmacogenomics