Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in healthy and insulin-resistant skeletal muscle.
Skeletal muscle is the largest tissues in the human body and is considered the primary target for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. In skeletal muscle, binding of the insulin to insulin receptor (IR) initiates a signaling cascade that results in the translocation of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane which leads to facilitated diffusion of glucose into the cell. Understanding the precise signaling events guiding insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is pivotal, because impairment in these signaling events leads to development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes current understanding of insulin signaling pathways mediating glucose uptake in healthy and insulin-resistant skeletal muscle.
Atul S
AS
Deshmukh
D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose