A comparative study of the dorsolateral and ventrolateral approaches for repair of canine sacroiliac luxation.
OBJECTIVE
Retrospective comparison of dorsolateral (DLA) and ventrolateral (VLA) surgical approaches for treatment of canine sacroiliac luxation using three different radiographic analyses.


METHODS
Surgical cases with immediate and ≥4 week postoperative radiographs were reviewed (Jan. 2000 to Jan. 2015). Exactness of reduction, screw position, and sacral body screw purchase were assessed with three separate methods: single plane assessment and orthogonal assessment with or without rotational limits.


RESULTS
The reduction index (RI) for DLA and VLA was not significantly different with single plane assessment (p = 0.0789), but it was significantly greater for DLA than VLA with orthogonal assessment, with or without rotational limits (p = 0.0039, p = 0.0146). No differences were observed with screw placement into the intended location (single plane, and orthogonal assessment with or without rotational limits; p = 0.2941, p = 0.4151, p = 0.3550, respectively). No differences were observed between mean screw purchase index (SPI) and the 60% goal for the DLA (p = 0.1303, p = 0.9594, p = 0.7120) or 50% goal for the VLA (p = 0.2224, p = 0.1401, p = 0.2224; single plane, and orthogonal assessment with or without rotational limits). Implant loosening was present in four DLA cases and one VLA case. No differences were observed in the number of cases or number of screws that loosened (p = 0.3483 and p = 0.6873, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
The key factor demonstrated in maintaining screw and fixation stability was correct screw placement within the sacral body, regardless of the surgical approach.
Harpreet
H
Singh
Michael P
MP
Kowaleski
Robert J
RJ
McCarthy
Randy J. Boudrieau DVM, Diplomate ACVS and ECVS, Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA 01536, United States, Phone: +1 508 839 7960, E-mail: randy.boudrieau@tufts.edu.
Randy J
RJ
Boudrieau
D000818:Animals; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000662:veterinary; D004285:Dogs / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012446:Sacroiliac Joint / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery*
Sacroiliac luxation; dorsolateral approach; implant failure; ventrolateral approach