HlyF Produced by Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Is a Virulence Factor That Regulates Outer Membrane Vesicle Biogenesis.
Escherichia coli can cause extraintestinal infections in humans and animals. The hlyF gene is epidemiologically associated with virulent strains of avian pathogenic E. coli and human neonatal meningitis-associated E. coli. We demonstrated that culture supernatants of E. coli expressing HlyF induced autophagy in eukaryotic cells. This phenotype coincided with an enhanced production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) by bacteria expressing HlyF. The HlyF protein displays a predicted catalytic domain of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. This conserved domain was involved the ability of HlyF to promote the production of OMVs. The increased production of OMVs was associated with the release of toxins. hlyF was shown to be expressed during extraintestinal infection and to play a role in the virulence of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli in a chicken model of colibacillosis. This is the first evidence that pathogenic bacteria produce a virulence factor directly involved in the production of OMVs.
Division of Bioenvironmental Science, Frontier Science Research Center.
Kazunori
K
Murase
INSERM, UMR1043 INRA, USC 1360 CNRS, UMR5282 Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan.
Patricia
P
Martin
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Canada.
Gaëlle
G
Porcheron
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Canada.
Sébastien
S
Houle
INRA, UMR1282, Nouzilly, France.
Emmanuelle
E
Helloin
INSERM, UMR1043 INRA, USC 1360 CNRS, UMR5282 Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan.
Marie
M
Pénary
INSERM, UMR1043 INRA, USC 1360 CNRS, UMR5282 Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan.
Jean-Philippe
JP
Nougayrède
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Canada.
Charles M
CM
Dozois
Division of Bioenvironmental Science, Frontier Science Research Center Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan.
Tetsuya
T
Hayashi
INSERM, UMR1043 INRA, USC 1360 CNRS, UMR5282 Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Service de bactériologie-hygiène.
Eric
E
Oswald
D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D006459:Hemolysin Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010802:Phylogeny; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D014617:Vacuoles; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C000609018:HlyF protein, E coli; D037521:Virulence Factors
HlyF; OMV; pathogenesis