Is it possible to increase the n-3 fatty acid content of eggs without affecting their technological and/or sensorial quality and the laying performance of hens?
The aim of this study was to increase the n-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) content of eggs without affecting their sensorial and/or technological properties or the laying performance of hens. Laying hens from line 477 were divided into 5 groups corresponding to 5 different diets over the laying period: control diet (C) and diets containing extruded linseed with a high level of fibre (ELHF), extruded linseed with a low level of fibre (ELLF), microalgae, or a combination of 75% ELLF and 25% MA (ELLF+MA). Dietary enrichment with n-3 FA had no effect on the laying performance, hen body weight or egg white viscosity. The egg yolks produced by hens fed the diet containing microalgae were redder than egg yolks from the other groups, suggesting the presence of red pigments in the microalgae preparation. However, the colour difference was low and not perceptible to the human eye. Moreover, colour measurement of egg yolks by sensorial analysis panellists using the Roche colour fan did not reveal a diet effect on this parameter. Egg yolk lipid content was not affected by diet. The egg yolk of hens fed on diets containing linseed and/or microalgae had greater n-3 FA content (×2.5 to 2.9 compared to group C). Linseed mainly increased the linolenic acid content (×3.0 to 3.4 compared to group C) and the microalgae increased the LC n-3 FA content (×4.1 compared to group C). Dietary enrichment with n-3 FA had no effect on the sensorial quality of shell cooked eggs except for the "unusual flavour" criterion for which the score was higher for the MA group compared to the other groups and corresponded to a fishy flavour.
a INRA , UR 83 Recherches Avicoles , Nouzilly , France.
E
E
Baeza
a INRA , UR 83 Recherches Avicoles , Nouzilly , France.
P
P
Chartrin
a INRA , UR 83 Recherches Avicoles , Nouzilly , France.
M
M
Lessire
b INRA , UE 1206 Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques , Domaine du Magneraud, Saint-Pierre d'Amilly , France.
K
K
Meteau
c Valorex, La Messayais , Combourtillé , France.
G
G
Chesneau
c Valorex, La Messayais , Combourtillé , France.
M
M
Guillevic
d INRA , UMR 1348 PEGASE , Saint-Gilles , France.
J
J
Mourot
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000737:chemistry; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012098:Reproduction
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3