On the Possible Detection of Lightning Storms by Elephants.
Theoretical calculations suggest that sounds produced by thunderstorms and detected by a system similar to the International Monitoring System (IMS) for the detection of nuclear explosions at distances ≥100 km, are at sound pressure levels equal to or greater than 6 × 10(-3) Pa. Such sound pressure levels are well within the range of elephant hearing. Frequencies carrying these sounds might allow for interaural time delays such that adult elephants could not only hear but could also locate the source of these sounds. Determining whether it is possible for elephants to hear and locate thunderstorms contributes to the question of whether elephant movements are triggered or influenced by these abiotic sounds.
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. mikek@ece.cornell.edu.
Michael C
MC
Kelley
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA. mxg@swa.com.
Michael
M
Garstang
elephant communication; elephant detection of abiotic sounds; elephant migration; elephant movement; sounds from thunderstorms