Potential of Newborn and Adult Stem Cells for the Production of Vascular Constructs Using the Living Tissue Sheet Approach.
Bypass surgeries using native vessels rely on the availability of autologous veins and arteries. An alternative to those vessels could be tissue-engineered vascular constructs made by self-organized tissue sheets. This paper intends to evaluate the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from two different sources: (1) bone marrow-derived MSCs and (2) umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs. When cultured in vitro, a proportion of those cells differentiated into smooth muscle cell- (SMC-) like cells and expressed contraction associated proteins. Moreover, these cells assembled into manipulable tissue sheets when cultured in presence of ascorbic acid. Tubular vessels were then produced by rolling those tissue sheets on a mandrel. The architecture, contractility, and mechanical resistance of reconstructed vessels were compared with tissue-engineered media and adventitia produced from SMCs and dermal fibroblasts, respectively. Histology revealed a collagenous extracellular matrix and the contractile responses measured for these vessels were stronger than dermal fibroblasts derived constructs although weaker than SMCs-derived constructs. The burst pressure of bone marrow-derived vessels was higher than SMCs-derived ones. These results reinforce the versatility of the self-organization approach since they demonstrate that it is possible to recapitulate a contractile media layer from MSCs without the need of exogenous scaffolding material.
Université Laval Experimental Organogenesis Center/LOEX, Enfant-Jesus Hospital, 1401 18th rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Regenerative Medicine Section, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6 ; Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, 415 Assomption boulevard, Montreal, QC, Canada H1T 2M4 ; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4.
Jean-Michel
JM
Bourget
Université Laval Experimental Organogenesis Center/LOEX, Enfant-Jesus Hospital, 1401 18th rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Regenerative Medicine Section, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6 ; Quebec Center for Functional Materials (CQMF), Office 2634, Alexandre-Vachon Building, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
Robert
R
Gauvin
Université Laval Experimental Organogenesis Center/LOEX, Enfant-Jesus Hospital, 1401 18th rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Regenerative Medicine Section, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
David
D
Duchesneau
Bordeaux Segalen University, INSERM-U1026, 146 Léo Saignat Street, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
Murielle
M
Remy
Université Laval Experimental Organogenesis Center/LOEX, Enfant-Jesus Hospital, 1401 18th rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Regenerative Medicine Section, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
François A
FA
Auger
Université Laval Experimental Organogenesis Center/LOEX, Enfant-Jesus Hospital, 1401 18th rue, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Regenerative Medicine Section, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada G1J 1Z4 ; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
Lucie
L
Germain
D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds