Dietary inflammatory index and endometrial cancer risk in an Italian case-control study.
The relation between inflammation deriving from diet and endometrial cancer risk has not yet been investigated. In this study, we explored the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and endometrial cancer risk in an Italian case-control study. Cases comprised 454 patients with incident, histologically confirmed carcinoma of the endometrium, and controls comprised 908 subjects admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic conditions. DII scores were computed on the basis of dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid seventy-eight-item FFQ. OR were calculated through logistic regression models conditioned on age and study centre and adjusted for recognised confounding factors, including total energy intake. Women with the most pro-inflammatory diet had a higher risk for endometrial cancer compared with women with the most anti-inflammatory diet (OR(Quartile) 4 v. 1 1·46; 95% CI 1·02, 2·11; P(trend)=0·04). A pro-inflammatory diet may increase the risk for endometrial cancer.
1Cancer Prevention and Control Program,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC 29208,USA.
Nitin
N
Shivappa
1Cancer Prevention and Control Program,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC 29208,USA.
James R
JR
Hébert
4SOC di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica,Centro di Riferimento Oncologico,Aviano (PN),33081,Italy.
Antonella
A
Zucchetto
5Dipartimento di Epidemiologia,'Fondazione G. Pascale',Istituto Nazionale Tumori,Naples,80133,Italy.
Maurizio
M
Montella
4SOC di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica,Centro di Riferimento Oncologico,Aviano (PN),33081,Italy.
Diego
D
Serraino
6Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health,Universitá degli Studi di Milano,Milan,20133,Italy.
Carlo
C
La Vecchia
6Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health,Universitá degli Studi di Milano,Milan,20133,Italy.
Marta
M
Rossi
D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications*; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
CRP C-reactive protein; Case–control studies; DII dietary inflammatory index; Diet; Dietary inflammatory index; Endometrial cancer; HRT hormone replacement therapy; Inflammation; Italy; OC oral contraceptive