Expression of P53 and HSP70 in Chronic Hepatitis, Liver Cirrhosis, and Early and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissues and Their Diagnostic Value in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study.
BACKGROUND
Tumor protein (P53) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) play key roles in chronic liver diseases. This study aimed to characterize P53 and HSP70 expression in chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC), early and advanced HCC, and to analyze their diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).


METHODS
Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to evaluate the expression of P53 and HSP70 in 200 human liver tissue specimens, with advanced HCC (n=80), early HCC (n=30), CH (n=30), LC (n=30), and Controls (n=30).


RESULTS
P53 expression levels were lower in LC than those of HCC, but remained on par with those of CH and Controls. HSP70 expression levels were higher in HCC than those of LC, CH, and Controls. The sensitivity and specificity for HCC diagnosis were: 50.9% and 98.9% for P53, and 78.2 and 77.8% for HSP70, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of different combinations were: 95.5% and 85.5% with either P53 or HSP70 being positive, and 33.6% and 98.9% if both were positive. Among the differentiation stages marked low, intermediate, and high in HCC, the P53 positive rate was higher in the low than in the intermediate, which was higher than that in the high. HSP70 positive rate was higher in the low and the intermediate than in the high, but no obvious changes were found between the low and the intermediate.


CONCLUSIONS
P53 and HSP70 could be potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis, and proper combinations of these 2 markers could improve diagnostic accuracy.
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
Zhi
Z
Wang
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
Wenbin
W
Gou
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
Ming
M
Liu
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
Wei
W
Sang
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
Hui
H
Chu
Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).
Wei
W
Zhang
D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53