Endothelial Progenitor Cell Fraction Contained in Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Populations Impairs Osteogenic Differentiation.
In bone tissue engineering (TE) endothelial cell-osteoblast cocultures are known to induce synergies of cell differentiation and activity. Bone marrow mononucleated cells (BMCs) are a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) able to develop an osteogenic phenotype. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are also present within BMC. In this study we investigate the effect of EPCs present in the BMC population on MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Human BMCs were isolated and separated into two populations. The MSC population was selected through plastic adhesion capacity. EPCs (CD34(+) and CD133(+)) were removed from the BMC population and the resulting population was named depleted MSCs. Both populations were cultured over 28 days in osteogenic medium (Dex(+)) or medium containing platelet lysate (PL). MSC population grew faster than depleted MSCs in both media, and PL containing medium accelerated the proliferation for both populations. Cell differentiation was much higher in Dex(+) medium in both cases. Real-time RT-PCR revealed upregulation of osteogenic marker genes in depleted MSCs. Higher values of ALP activity and matrix mineralization analyses confirmed these results. Our study advocates that absence of EPCs in the MSC population enables higher osteogenic gene expression and matrix mineralization and therefore may lead to advanced bone neoformation necessary for TE constructs.
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany.
Fabian
F
Duttenhoefer
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland ; Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rafael Lara
RL
de Freitas
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland ; Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany.
Markus
M
Loibl
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany.
Gido
G
Bittermann
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
R Geoff
RG
Richards
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
Mauro
M
Alini
AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
Sophie
S
Verrier
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis