Immunohistochemical study and mRNA cytokine profile of the local immune response in cattle naturally infected with Calicophoron daubneyi.
In order to recognize the local immune response of the definitive host to Calicophoron daubneyi natural infection, an immunohistochemical study was carried out in the reticulum and rumen in 49 naturally infected cattle. The role of cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10 interleukins and IFN-γ) in the activation of specific defence mechanisms was evaluated by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays to study cytokine mRNA expression. In all infected animals, CD3+ T lymphocytes seemed to be the main element of the inflammatory infiltrate in the reticular and ruminal lamina propria at the point of the parasite adhesion. Intraepithelial globule leukocytes also showed immunolabelling for CD3. Most CD3+ cells also expressed CD4 (T cell helper) antigen although sporadic CD8+-cytotoxic lymphocytes were observed. Local expression of IFN-γ was observed in damaged papillae at the site of parasite attachment and in scattered cells in the lamina propria. B cells (CD79αcy+, CD45+ and IgG+) were found constantly in relation to lymphoid aggregates. MAC387 was expressed in squamous epithelium and in macrophages of the lamina propria of affected papillae. Macrophages in this location also stained positively for CD163 and CD68. Intraepithelial Langerhans cells and macrophages located in the lamina propria showed immunopositivity for MHCII in the affected areas. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed a statistical significant increase of IFN-γ, and IL-10 expression (p<0.01) in the rumen associated with the presence of flukes. These findings suggest a predominant Th1 polarized local immune response with the probable involvement of Th regulatory cells in cattle C. daubneyi natural infection.
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Miguel
M
Fuertes
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Yolanda
Y
Manga-González
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Julio
J
Benavides
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
M Camino
MC
González-Lanza
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Francisco Javier
FJ
Giráldez
Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo-INGACAL, Xunta de Galicia, Carretera Betanzos-Mesón do Vento, km 7, 15318, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain.
Mercedes
M
Mezo
Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo-INGACAL, Xunta de Galicia, Carretera Betanzos-Mesón do Vento, km 7, 15318, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain.
Marta
M
González-Warleta
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Miguel
M
Fernández
SALUVET, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Javier
J
Regidor-Cerrillo
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Pablo
P
Castaño
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Marcos
M
Royo
SALUVET, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Luis M
LM
Ortega-Mora
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
Valentín
V
Pérez
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña CSIC-ULE, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain. Electronic address: mcfere@unileon.es.
M Carmen
MC
Ferreras
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D014200:Trematoda / Q000145:classification*; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*
D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger
Calicophoron daubneyi; Cattle; Cytokines; Local immune response