Levels and spatial distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances in China Liaodong Bay basin with concentrated fluorine industry parks.
Eighteen different perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in 35 river water samples and 34 sediment samples collected from rivers in the Liaodong Bay basin containing two fluorine industry parks. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were the predominant PFASs in freshwater, with median concentrations of 26.5 ng/L and 1.87 ng/L, respectively. However, perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) had the highest maximum concentration (up to 124.1 ng/L, approximately two orders of magnitude higher) in water at a site which is the nearest to the industrial source of PFASs. Total PFASs in water at this site were also the highest. In contrast, PFOA and perfluorooctadecanoate (PFOcDA) were the most abundant PFASs in sediment, with median concentrations of 1.19 ng/g and 0.35 ng/g, respectively. Total PFAS concentrations in sediment from the site near to the industrial park were significantly higher than the other rivers. Mass loading of total PFASs from the rivers flowing into Liaodong Bay was estimated to be 506 kg/year.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Linghe Street 42, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. Electronic address: hchen@nmemc.org.cn.
Hong
H
Chen
Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Linghe Street 42, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: zhangcan@nmemc.org.cn.
Can
C
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Linghe Street 42, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: jbhan@nmemc.org.cn.
Jianbo
J
Han
Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Linghe Street 42, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: rjsun@nmemc.org.cn.
Ruijun
R
Sun
Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Linghe Street 42, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: xiangyun@163.com.
Xiangyun
X
Kong
Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environment of State Oceanic Administration, Department of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Linghe Street 42, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: xmwang@nmemc.org.cn.
Xiaomeng
X
Wang
Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. Electronic address: hexin@dlut.edu.cn.
Xin
X
He
D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D061006:Bays / Q000737:chemistry*; D002617:Chemical Industry; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005461:Fluorine; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D005461:Fluorine; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
Level; Mass loading; PFASs; Spatial distribution