Poly-γ-glutamate-based Materials for Multiple Infection Prophylaxis Possessing Versatile Coating Performance.
Poly-γ-glutamate (PGA) possesses a nylon-like backbone and polyacrylate-like carboxyl groups, and shows an extraordinary solubility in water. In this study, the effective synthesis and structural analysis of some water-insoluble PGA ion-complexes (PGAICs) using cationic surfactants, hexadecylpyridinium (HDP), dodecylpyridinium, benzalkonium and benzetonium, were examined. We demonstrated their spontaneous coating performance to the surfaces of different materials (i.e., plastics, metals, and ceramics) as potent anti-staphylococcal and anti-Candida agents. The tests against Staphylococcus aureus revealed that, regardless of a variety of materials, PGAICs maintained surface antimicrobial activity, even after the water-soaking treatment, whereas those against Candida albicans indicated that, among PGAICs, PGA/HDP complex is most useful as an anti-fungal agent because of its coating stability. Moreover, the log reduction values against Influenza A and B viruses of PGA/HDP-coated surfaces were estimated to be 5.4 and 3.2, respectively, suggesting that it can be dramatically suppressed the infection of influenza. This is to our knowledge the first observation of PGA-based antiviral coatings.
Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. ashiuchi@kochi-u.ac.jp.|Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. ashiuchi@kochi-u.ac.jp.
Makoto
M
Ashiuchi
Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. b14m6f28@s.kochi-u.ac.jp.
Yuichi
Y
Hakumai
Research Center, Toyobo Co., Otsu, Shiga 520-0292, Japan. shigeo_shibatani@toyobo.jp.
Shigeo
S
Shibatani
Research Center, Toyobo Co., Otsu, Shiga 520-0292, Japan. hirohumi_hakuba@toyobo.jp.
Hirofumi
H
Hakuba
Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. okanogiho@live.jp.
Nogiho
N
Oka
Research Center, Toyobo Co., Otsu, Shiga 520-0292, Japan. Hisato_Kobayashi@toyobo.jp.
Hisato
H
Kobayashi
Research Center, Toyobo Co., Otsu, Shiga 520-0292, Japan. keizo_yoneda@toyobo.jp.
Keizo
K
Yoneda
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011099:Polyglutamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C511775:poly(gamma-glutamic acid); D011099:Polyglutamic Acid
anionic polyamide; antibacterial; antiviral; cationic surfactants; coating activity; poly-γ-glutamate