Scenario-based analysis of traffic-related PM2.5concentration: Lisbon case study.
Air quality in urban centers constitutes a challenge ahead for most cities. For this reason, the objective of this research work was to evaluate the impacts of changing traffic-related parameters on particulate matter (PM) concentration for several hierarchical street levels using real-world data for the city of Lisbon, Portugal. For that purpose, 2014 data regarding meteorological conditions, traffic volumes, typical vehicle speed, and a vehicle representative of the fleet was used in an air quality dispersion model (CALINE4). The available data allowed building a baseline case for several streets that are representative of the traffic circulation conditions in Lisbon, which was compared with different scenarios: hypothetical introduction of a cordon toll (S1.1 to S1.4) and the implementation of a low emission zone (S2.1 and 2.2). The results indicate that reductions on PM2.5concentrations from 5 to 42 % may be obtained from the implementation of the scenarios. Overall, this study demonstrates that modeling tools based on real-world data can provide a good approach to study urban policies regarding traffic-related PM exposure. Additionally, implementation of such measures requires an integrated strategy that enables proper enforcement and monitoring, as well as an adequate management of traffic flows between the implementation boundaries.
LAETA, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal. ana.marta.faria@tecnico.ulisboa.pt.
Marta V
MV
Faria
LAETA, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
Gonçalo O
GO
Duarte
LAETA, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
Patrícia C
PC
Baptista
LAETA, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
Tiago L
TL
Farias
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D011174:Portugal; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
Cordon toll; LEZ; Modeling; PM2.5 concentration; Scenarios; Urban policies