Effects of post-suckling n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: prevention of dyslipidemia and liver steatosis induced in rats by a sucrose-rich diet during pre- and post-natal life.
The interaction between fetal programming and the post-natal environment suggests that the post-natal diet could amplify or attenuate programmed outcomes. We investigated whether dietary n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) at weaning resulted in an amelioration of dyslipidemia, adiposity and liver steatosis that was induced by a sucrose-rich diet (SRD; where the fat source is corn oil) from the onset of pregnancy up to adulthood. During pregnancy and lactation, dams were fed an SRD or the standard powdered rodent commercial diet (RD). At weaning and until 150 days of life, male offspring from SRD-dams were divided into two groups and fed an SRD or SRD-with-fish oil [where 6% of the corn oil was partially replaced by fish oil (FO) 5% and corn oil (CO) 1%], forming SRD-SRD or SRD-FO groups. Male offspring from RD-dams continued with RD up to the end of the experimental period, forming an RD-RD group. The presence of FO in the weaning diet showed the following: prevention of hypertriglyceridemia and liver steatosis, together with increased lipogenic enzyme activity caused by a maternal SRD; the complete normalization of CPT I activity and PPARα protein mass levels; a slight but not statistically significant accretion of visceral adiposity; and limited body fat content and reduced plasma free fatty acid levels. All of these results were observed even in the presence of a high-sucrose diet challenge after weaning. SRD-dams' breast milk showed a more saturated fatty acid composition. These results suggest the capacity of n-3 PUFAs to overcome some adverse outcomes induced by a maternal and post-weaning sucrose-rich diet.
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo CC 242, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. achicco@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
Adriana
A
Chicco
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo CC 242, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. achicco@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
Agustina
A
Creus
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo CC 242, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. achicco@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
Paola
P
Illesca
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo CC 242, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. achicco@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
Gustavo Juan
GJ
Hein
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo CC 242, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. achicco@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
Silvia
S
Rodriguez
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo CC 242, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. achicco@fbcb.unl.edu.ar.
Alejandra
A
Fortino
D000375:Aging; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D049628:Body Size; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013395:Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects*
D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D013395:Sucrose