Identification of mineral compositions in some renal calculi by FT Raman and IR spectral analysis.
We present in this paper accurate and reliable Raman and IR spectral identification of mineral constituents in nine samples of renal calculi (kidney stones) removed from patients suffering from nephrolithiasis. The identified mineral components include Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate (COM, whewellite), Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate (COD, weddellite), Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate (MAPH, struvite), Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate (CHPD, brushite), Pentacalcium Hydroxy Triphosphate (PCHT, hydroxyapatite) and Uric Acid (UA). The identification is based on a satisfactory assignment of all the observed IR and Raman bands (3500-400c m(-1)) to chemical functional groups of mineral components in the samples, aided by spectral analysis of pure materials of COM, MAPH, CHPD and UA. It is found that the eight samples are composed of COM as the common component, the other mineral species as common components are: MAPH in five samples, PCHT in three samples, COD in three samples, UA in three samples and CHPD in two samples. One sample is wholly composed of UA as a single component; this inference is supported by the good agreement between ab initio density functional theoretical spectra and experimental spectral measurements of both sample and pure material. A combined application of Raman and IR techniques has shown that, where the IR is ambiguous, the Raman analysis can differentiate COD from COM and PCHT from MAPH.
Vibrational Spectroscopy Group, Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad 580 003, India. Electronic address: jrtonannavar@kud.ac.in.
J
J
Tonannavar
Vibrational Spectroscopy Group, Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad 580 003, India.
Gouri
G
Deshpande
Vibrational Spectroscopy Group, Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad 580 003, India.
Jayashree
J
Yenagi
Department of Urology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijaypur 586 103, India.
Siddanagouda B
SB
Patil
Department of Urology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijaypur 586 103, India.
Nikhil A
NA
Patil
BLDE University, Vijaypur 586 103, India.
B G
BG
Mulimani
D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry*; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D000069877:Struvite; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000032:analysis*
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; C016189:whewellite; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D014527:Uric Acid; C016188:weddellite; D017886:Durapatite; D000069877:Struvite; C494366:calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate
DFT; IR; Raman; Renal calculi