An Update on Clostridium difficile Toxinotyping.
Toxinotyping is a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-based method for differentiation of Clostridium difficile strains according to the changes in the pathogenicity locus (PaLoc), a region coding for toxins A and B. Toxinotypes are a heterogenous group of strains that are important in the development of molecular diagnostic tests and vaccines and are a good basis for C. difficile phylogenetic studies. Here we describe an overview of the 34 currently known toxinotypes (I to XXXIV) and some changes in nomenclature.
National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Maribor, Slovenia University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Maribor, Slovenia Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, Ljubljana, Slovenia maja.rupnik@nlzoh.si.
Maja
M
Rupnik
National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Maribor, Slovenia University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Maribor, Slovenia.
Sandra
S
Janezic
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics*; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D058889:Molecular Typing / Q000379:methods*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; C041348:tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile; C031815:toxB protein, Clostridium difficile