Collagen Stimulators: Poly-L-Lactic Acid and Calcium Hydroxyl Apatite.
Over the last decade, many studies of the structural changes observed in the aging face (in bone, fat pads, facial ligaments, muscle, skin) have increased our understanding that facial rejuvenation is more complex and nuanced than simply filling lines and folds or cutting and lifting soft tissue and skin. This, in addition to the many new products introduced to the marketplace over the same period, has fueled the evolution of panfacial rejuvenation and restoration using fillers. This article discusses current techniques used with calcium hydroxylapatite and poly-l-lactic acid to safely and effectively address changes observed in the aging face.
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Andrew
A
Breithaupt
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: fitzmd@earthlink.net.
Rebecca
R
Fitzgerald
D001031:Apatites / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D000067548:Dermal Fillers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D012060:Rejuvenation / Q000502:physiology; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D000067548:Dermal Fillers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C040699:calcium hydroxyapatite, collagen drug combination; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D003094:Collagen
Calcium hydroxyl apatite; Collagen stimulators; Facial rejuvenation; Fillers; Poly-l-lactic acid