Effect of sardine proteins on hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity, in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor of CVD. The effects of purified sardine proteins (SP) were examined on glycaemia, insulin sensitivity and reverse cholesterol transport in T2D rats. Rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 5 weeks, and injected with a low dose of streptozotocin, were used. The diabetic rats were divided into four groups, and they were fed casein (CAS) or SP combined with 30 or 5% lipids, for 4 weeks. HFD-induced hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia in rats fed HFD, regardless of the consumed protein. In contrast, these parameters lowered in rats fed SP combined with 5 or 30% lipids, and serum insulin values reduced in SP v. CAS. HFD significantly increased total cholesterol and TAG concentrations in the liver and serum, whereas these parameters decreased with SP, regardless of lipid intake. Faecal cholesterol excretion was higher with SP v. CAS, combined with 30 or 5% lipids. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and HDL3-phospholipids (PL) were higher in CAS-HF than in CAS, whereas HDL2-cholesteryl esters (CE) were lower. Otherwise, LCAT activity and HDL2-CE were higher in the SP group than in the CAS group, whereas HDL3-PL and HDL3-unesterified cholesterol were lower. Moreover, LCAT activity lowered in the SP-HF group than in the CAS-HF group, when HDL2-CE was higher. In conclusion, these results indicate the potential effects of SP to improve glycaemia, insulin sensitivity and reverse cholesterol transport, in T2D rats.
Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie,Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella,BP 1524 El M'Naouer,31000 Oran,Algérie.
Nora
N
Benaicheta
Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie,Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella,BP 1524 El M'Naouer,31000 Oran,Algérie.
Fatima Z
FZ
Labbaci
Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie,Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella,BP 1524 El M'Naouer,31000 Oran,Algérie.
Malika
M
Bouchenak
Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie,Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella,BP 1524 El M'Naouer,31000 Oran,Algérie.
Farida O
FO
Boukortt
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005399:Fishes; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D054709:Lecithins / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D029941:Fish Proteins; D054709:Lecithins; D008055:Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D002784:Cholesterol; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase
ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; BW body weight; CAS casein; CE cholesteryl esters; Dyslipidaemia; HFD high-fat diet; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; HbA1c glycosylated Hb; High-fat diets; Hyperglycaemia; LCAT lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase; Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase; PL phospholipids; Rats; SP sardine proteins; STZ streptozotocin; TC total cholesterol; UC unesterified cholesterol