Genetic Analysis of East Asian Grape Cultivars Suggests Hybridization with Wild Vitis.
Koshu is a grape cultivar native to Japan and is one of the country's most important cultivars for wine making. Koshu and other oriental grape cultivars are widely believed to belong to the European domesticated grape species Vitis vinifera. To verify the domesticated origin of Koshu and four other cultivars widely grown in China and Japan, we genotyped 48 ancestry informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and estimated wild and domesticated ancestry proportions. Our principal components analysis (PCA) based ancestry estimation revealed that Koshu is 70% V. vinifera, and that the remaining 30% of its ancestry is most likely derived from wild East Asian Vitis species. Partial sequencing of chloroplast DNA suggests that Koshu's maternal line is derived from the Chinese wild species V. davidii or a closely related species. Our results suggest that many traditional East Asian grape cultivars such as Koshu were generated from hybridization events with wild grape species.
National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Nami
N
Goto-Yamamoto
Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; Anandia Labs, 2259 Lower Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Jason
J
Sawler
Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Sean
S
Myles
D001483:Base Sequence; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D018742:DNA, Chloroplast / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D007564:Japan; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D027843:Vitis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D014920:Wine / Q000145:classification*
D018742:DNA, Chloroplast