Molecular Characterization of Reactive Oxygen Species in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is experienced by individuals suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart diseases and subsequently undergoing reperfusion treatments in order to manage the conditions. The occlusion of blood flow to the tissue, termed ischemia, can be especially detrimental to the heart due to its high energy demand. Several cellular alterations have been observed upon the onset of ischemia. The danger created by cardiac ischemia is somewhat paradoxical in that a return of blood to the tissue can result in further damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been studied intensively to reveal their role in myocardial I/R injury. Under normal conditions, ROS function as a mediator in many cell signaling pathways. However, stressful environments significantly induce the generation of ROS which causes the level to exceed body's antioxidant defense system. Such altered redox homeostasis is implicated in myocardial I/R injury. Despite the detrimental effects from ROS, low levels of ROS have been shown to exert a protective effect in the ischemic preconditioning. In this review, we will summarize the detrimental role of ROS in myocardial I/R injury, the protective mechanism induced by ROS, and potential treatments for ROS-related myocardial injury.
Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA ; The Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Tingyang
T
Zhou
Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Chia-Chen
CC
Chuang
Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA ; The Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Li
L
Zuo
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species