Cellulose-Derived Supercapacitors from the Carbonisation of Filter Paper.
Advanced carbon materials are important for the next-generation of energy storage apparatus, such as electrochemical capacitors. Here, the physical and electrochemical properties of carbonised filter paper (FP) were investigated. FP is comprised of pure cellulose and is a standardised material. After carbonisation at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1700 °C, FP was contaminant-free, containing only carbon and some oxygenated species, and its primary fibre structure was retained (diameter ≈20-40 μm). The observed enhancement in conductivity of the carbonised FP was correlated with the carbonisation temperature. Electrochemical capacitance in the range of ≈1.8-117 F g(-1) was achieved, with FP carbonised at 1500 °C showing the best performance. This high capacitance was stable with >87 % retained after 3000 charge-discharge cycles. These results show that carbonised FP, without the addition of composite materials, exhibits good supercapacitance performance, which competes well with existing electrodes made of carbon-based materials. Furthermore, given the lower cost and renewable source, cellulose-based materials are the more eco-friendly option for energy storage applications.
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
Luyun
L
Jiang
Department of Materials, Imperial College Exhibition Rd, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Geoffrey W
GW
Nelson
Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea.
Heeyeon
H
Kim
Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea.
I N
IN
Sim
Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-343, Republic of Korea.
Seong Ok
SO
Han
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
John S
JS
Foord
carbon materials; carbonisation temperatures; filter paper; supercapacitors