β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Normal Glucose-Tolerant Subjects Stratified by 1-Hour Plasma Glucose Values.
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to assess β-cell function and insulin sensitivity indices among normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects stratified by 1-h plasma glucose (1hPG) values during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).


METHODS
One hundred sixty-six NGT subjects underwent a five-point OGTT, and glucose and insulin levels were estimated. We calculated the following indices: (a) β-cell function (homeostasis assessment model-β-cell function [HOMA-β] and Insulinogenic Index [IGI]) and (b) insulin sensitivity (homeostasis assessment model-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], Matsuda Index, and Insulin Sensitivity Index [ISI]).


RESULTS
NGT subgroups with elevated 1hPG values (i.e., 1hPG ≥143 to <155 mg/dL and 1hPG ≥155 mg/dL) did not differ from those with 1hPG <143 mg/dL by HOMA-β (P = 0.236) but had significantly lower IGIs (367 ± 239 vs. 257 ± 243 vs. 246 ± 239; P = 0.019). With respect to ISIs, HOMA-IR was not significantly different among the groups (P = 0.103). However, the Matsuda Index (11.2 ± 5.0 vs. 7.4 ± 4.8 vs. 5.5 ± 4.9; P < 0.001) and ISI (0.015 ± 0.010 vs. 0.012 ± 0.006 vs. 0.011 ± 0.011; P = 0.028) were significantly lower in subjects with elevated 1hPG values.


CONCLUSIONS
NGT subjects with elevated 1hPG levels have alterations in β-cell function and insulin sensitivity compared with those with normal 1hPG levels.
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Miranda M
MM
Priya
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Anandakumar
A
Amutha
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
T A
TA
Pramodkumar
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Harish
H
Ranjani
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Saravanan
S
Jebarani
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Kuppan
K
Gokulakrishnan
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Rajendra
R
Pradeepa
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Ranjit
R
Unnikrishnan
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Ranjit Mohan
RM
Anjana
Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre & Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases-Prevention and Control ; and International Diabetes Federation Centre of Education, Chennai, India .
Viswanathan
V
Mohan
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005947:Glucose