Comparison of arginase isoform expression in patients with different subtypes of chronic rhinosinusitis.
OBJECTIVE
Although human paranasal sinuses are critical organs for nitric oxide production, little information is available regarding the role of arginase in alterations of arginine metabolism and nasal nitric oxide levels that may be informative for classifying chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes.


METHODS
The expression and localisation of arginase and nitric oxide synthase isoforms in paranasal sinus mucosa were examined, and the fractional exhaled nitric oxide was measured in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (n=18) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (n = 27) patients.


RESULTS
Increased arginase-2 activities in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps patients were associated with significantly lower levels of nasal fractional exhaled nitric oxide. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients showed significant NOS2 messenger RNA upregulation with concomitant higher levels of oral and nasal fractional exhaled nitric oxide.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that fractional exhaled nitric oxide is a valid marker for differentiating chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes based on a delicate balance between arginase and nitric oxide synthase activities in nitric oxide production.
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,Division of Clinical Medical Science,Programs for Applied Biomedicine,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Hiroshima University,Hiroshima,Japan.
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Taruya
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,Division of Clinical Medical Science,Programs for Applied Biomedicine,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Hiroshima University,Hiroshima,Japan.
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Takeno
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,Division of Clinical Medical Science,Programs for Applied Biomedicine,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Hiroshima University,Hiroshima,Japan.
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Kubota
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,Division of Clinical Medical Science,Programs for Applied Biomedicine,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Hiroshima University,Hiroshima,Japan.
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Sasaki
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,Division of Clinical Medical Science,Programs for Applied Biomedicine,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Hiroshima University,Hiroshima,Japan.
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Ishino
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,Division of Clinical Medical Science,Programs for Applied Biomedicine,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,Hiroshima University,Hiroshima,Japan.
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Hirakawa
D000328:Adult; D001119:Arginase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D015415:Biomarkers; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; C574619:ARG1 protein, human; D001119:Arginase
Arginase; Eosinophils; Nasal Polyps; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Sinusitis