A Unique Plasmodium falciparum K13 Gene Mutation in Northwest Ethiopia.
Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is the first line to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria worldwide. Artemisinin treatment failures are on the rise in southeast Asia. Delayed parasite clearance after ACT is associated with mutations of the P. falciparum kelch 13 gene. Patients (N = 148) in five districts of northwest Ethiopia were enrolled in a 28-day ACT trial. We identified a unique kelch 13 mutation (R622I) in 3/125 (2.4%) samples. The three isolates with R622I were from Negade-Bahir and Aykel districts close to the Ethiopia-Sudan border. One of three patients with the mutant strain was parasitemic at day 3; however, all patients cleared parasites by day 28. Correlation between kelch 13 mutations and parasite clearance was not possible due to the low frequency of mutations in this study.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Abebe Genetu
AG
Bayih
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Gebeyaw
G
Getnet
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Abebe
A
Alemu
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Sisay
S
Getie
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Abu Naser
AN
Mohon
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada drpillai@ucalgary.ca.
Dylan R
DR
Pillai
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077611:Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
D000962:Antimalarials; D000077611:Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination; D037621:Artemisinins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005449:Fluorenes; D015800:Protozoan Proteins