A Multifunctional Subphthalocyanine Nanosphere for Targeting, Labeling, and Killing of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria.
Developing a material that can combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a major global health threat, is an urgent requirement. To tackle this challenge, we synthesized a multifunctional subphthalocyanine (SubPc) polymer nanosphere that has the ability to target, label, and photoinactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a single treatment with more than 99 % efficiency, even with a dose as low as 4.2 J cm(-2) and a loading concentration of 10 nM. The positively charged nanosphere shell composed of covalently linked SubPc units can increase the local concentration of photosensitizers at therapeutic sites. The nanosphere shows superior performance compared to corresponding monomers presumably because of their enhanced water dispersibility, higher efficiency of singlet-oxygen generation, and phototoxicity. In addition, this material is useful in fluorescence labeling of living cells and shows promise in photoacoustic imaging of bacteria in vivo.
Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea) http://csc.ibs.re.kr/|Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea).
Indranil
I
Roy
Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea) http://csc.ibs.re.kr/
Dinesh
D
Shetty
Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea).
Raghunandan
R
Hota
Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea) http://csc.ibs.re.kr/
Kangkyun
K
Baek
Department of Creative IT Engineering and Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea).
Jeesu
J
Kim
Department of Creative IT Engineering and Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea).
Chulhong
C
Kim
Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea) http://csc.ibs.re.kr/
Sandro
S
Kappert
Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea) http://csc.ibs.re.kr/. kkim@postech.ac.kr.|Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea). kkim@postech.ac.kr.|Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784 (Republic of Korea). kkim@postech.ac.kr.
Kimoon
K
Kim
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000187:drug effects*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D005453:Fluorescence; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054833:Isoindoles; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C013647:phthalocyanine
antibiotic resistance; nanostructures; photodynamic therapy; self-assembly; subphthalocyanines