Optimal Physical Training During Military Basic Training Period.
The goal for military basic training (BT) is to create a foundation for physical fitness and military skills of soldiers. Thereafter, more advanced military training can safely take place. Large differences in the initial physical performance of conscripts or recruits have led military units to develop more safe and effective training programs. The purpose of this review article was to describe the limiting factors of optimal physical training during the BT period. This review revealed that the high volume of low-intensity physical activity combined with endurance-type military training (like combat training, prolonged physical activity, and field shooting) during BT interferes with optimal development of maximal oxygen uptake and muscle strength of the soldiers. Therefore, more progressive, periodized, and individualized training programs are needed. In conclusion, optimal training programs lead to higher training responses and lower risks for injuries and overloading.
1Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland; 2Training Division of Defence Command, Defence Forces, Helsinki, Finland; and 3Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Matti
M
Santtila
Kai
K
Pihlainen
Jarmo
J
Viskari
Heikki
H
Kyröläinen
D006801:Humans; D008889:Military Personnel; D053580:Muscle Strength; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training