Effects of High-Butterfat Diet on Embryo Implantation in Female Rats Exposed to Bisphenol A.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor associated with poor pregnancy outcomes in human and rodents. The effects of butterfat diets on embryo implantation and whether it modifies BPA's actions are currently unknown. We aimed to determine the effects of butterfat diet on embryo implantation success in female rats exposed to an environmentally relevant dose of BPA. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to dietary butterfat (10% or 39% kcal/kg body weight [BW]) in the presence or absence of BPA (250 μg/kg BW) or ethinylestradiol (0.1 μg/kg BW) shortly before and during pregnancy to assess embryo implantation potentials by preimplantation development and transport, in vitro blastulation, outgrowth, and implantation. On gestational day (GD) 4.5, rats treated with BPA alone had higher serum total BPA level (2.3-3.7 ng/ml). They had more late-stage preimplantation embryos, whereas those receiving high butterfat (HBF) diet had the most advanced-stage embryos; dams cotreated with HBF and BPA had the most number of advanced embryos. BPA markedly delayed embryo transport to the uterus, but neither amount of butterfat had modifying effects. An in vitro implantation assay showed HBF doubled the outgrowth area, with BPA having no effect. In vivo, BPA reduced the number of implanted embryos on GD8, and cotreatment with HBF eliminated this adverse effect. HBF diet overall resulted in more and larger GD8 embryos. This study reveals the implantation disruptive effects of maternal exposure to an environmentally relevant dose of BPA and identifies HBF diet as a modifier of BPA in promoting early embryonic health.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Alan M
AM
Martinez
Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Ana
A
Cheong
Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Jun
J
Ying
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York.
Jingchuan
J
Xue
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Kurunthachalam
K
Kannan
Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Yuet-Kin
YK
Leung
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Michael A
MA
Thomas
Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio shuk-mei.ho@uc.edu.
Shuk-Mei
SM
Ho
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D000067048:Ghee; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D000067048:Ghee; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
bisphenol A; blastocyst outgrowth; embryo implantation; high butterfat diet; preimplantation embryo development