[Prognostic factors associated with postoperative morbidity in children with isolated ventricular septal defect].
BACKGROUND
Isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases worldwide. Prognostic factors associated with postoperative morbidity in patients with isolated VSD in the Hospital de Pediatría del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI have not been identified.


METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2013. Descriptive statistics and comparisons between groups were performed using chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test and linear regression. Relative risks (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.


RESULTS
A total of 64 patients who underwent isolated VSD closure were included, 12.5 % (n = 8) had a history of pulmonary banding and 22 patients (34.3 %) had Down syndrome. The perimembranous and subaortic lesions occurred in 70 % of cases. Factors associated with an increased morbidity and a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay were: lactate at the end of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) greater than 3 mmol/L (p = 0.02) and Down syndrome (p = 0.02), who had the highest incidence of postoperative complications (p = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
A statistically significant association was found: the higher the preoperative functional class, the longer the hospital stay, the number of days at ICU and the hours of mechanical ventilation.
Servicio de Cardiología Pediátrica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México. jcarlos_nu@hotmail.com.
Claudia Olimpia
CO
Castro-Rodríguez
Lydia
L
Rodríguez-Hernández
María Jesús
MJ
Estrada-Loza
Julia Rocío
JR
Herrera-Márquez
Maricela
M
Gómez-Salvador
Janet
J
Flores-Lujano
Juan Carlos
JC
Núñez-Enríquez
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
Congenital heart defects; Down syndrome; Operative surgical procedures; Pediatrics; Ventricular heart septal defects