Postoperative nodal irradiation in breast cancer patients with 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes involved: the debate continues….
Regional lymph node irradiation is usually indicated in patients with positive node breast cancer. However, there are some controversies regarding the clinical benefits of adding regional nodal irradiation to whole-breast or thoracic-wall irradiation after breast surgery especially for patients with 1 to 3 positive axillary lymph nodes. More recently, two important studies (NCIC MA.20 and EORTC 22,922-10925) were published to address this significant issue and some further points need to be discussed.
a Department of Radiation Oncology , Hospital Sírio-Libanês , São Paulo , Brazil.|b Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina , da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil.
Gustavo Nader
GN
Marta
a Department of Radiation Oncology , Hospital Sírio-Libanês , São Paulo , Brazil.|c Instituto de Radiologia InRad, Faculdade de Medicina , da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil.
Fabio Ynoe
FY
de Moraes
D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D015182:Lymphatic Irradiation / Q000379:methods*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis
breast cancer; nodal irradiation; radiotherapy; treatment