Predictive Biomarkers to Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.
There has been a high local recurrence rate in rectal cancer. Besides improvements in surgical techniques, both neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy and long-course chemoradiation improve oncological results. Approximately 40-60% of rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation achieve some degree of pathologic response. However, there is no effective method of predicting which patients will respond to neoadjuvant treatment. Recent studies have evaluated the potential of genetic biomarkers to predict outcome in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. The articles produced by the PubMed search were reviewed for those specifically addressing a genetic profile's ability to predict response to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. Although tissue gene microarray profiling has led to promising data in cancer, to date, none of the identified signatures or molecular markers in locally advanced rectal cancer has been successfully validated as a diagnostic or prognostic tool applicable to routine clinical practice.
Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Spain.
Raquel
R
Conde-Muíño
Department of Biochemistry, University of Granada, Spain.
Marta
M
Cuadros
Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Spain.
Natalia
N
Zambudio
Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Spain.
Inmaculada
I
Segura-Jiménez
Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Spain.
Carlos
C
Cano
Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Spain.
Pablo
P
Palma
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor