Treatment of upper airway resistance syndrome in adults: Where do we stand?
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the available literature regarding Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS) treatment.


METHODS
Keywords "Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome," "Sleep-related Breathing Disorder treatment," "Obstructive Sleep Apnea treatment" and "flow limitation and sleep" were used in main databases.


RESULTS
We found 27 articles describing UARS treatment. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been the mainstay therapy prescribed but with limited effectiveness. Studies about surgical treatments had methodological limitations. Oral appliances seem to be effective but their efficacy is not yet established.


CONCLUSIONS
Randomized controlled trials with larger numbers of patients and long-term follow-up are important to establish UARS treatment options.
Disciplina de Medicina e Biologia do Sono, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Luciana B M
LB
de Godoy
Disciplina de Medicina e Biologia do Sono, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Luciana O
LO
Palombini
Stanford University Sleep Medicine Division, Redwood City, CA, USA.
Christian
C
Guilleminault
Disciplina de Medicina e Biologia do Sono, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Dalva
D
Poyares
Disciplina de Medicina e Biologia do Sono, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Sergio
S
Tufik
Disciplina de Medicina e Biologia do Sono, Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Sonia M
SM
Togeiro
Arousal; Daytime sleepiness; Treatment; Upper airway resistance syndrome; flow limitation