ToRCH "co-infections" are associated with increased risk of abortion in pregnant women.
ToRCH infections (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex virus) have long been known to be associated with bad obstetric outcomes. However, little information is available about the impact of ToRCH co-infections on the outcome of pregnancy. Hence, we tested the IgG and IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus among 81 pregnant women with abortion (case group) and 98 pregnant women with normal delivery (control group). In the single-infection model, only CMV-IgM seropositivity was significantly increased in case than control group (25.9% in case and 12.2 % in control, OR = 2.5, P = 0.019). In the co-infection model, 14 patterns were recognized, but two patterns were significantly increased in the case than the control group. Co-infection of T. gondii IgG + CMV IgM was 9.1-fold increased in the case than the control group (8.6% in the case and 1% in control, OR = 9.1; P = 0.024). Also, co-infection of T. gondii IgG + HSV IgG + CMV IgM was 7.7-fold increased in case than the control group (7.4% in case and 1 % in control, OR = 7.7; P = 0.04). Although the OR of other co-infections was higher in the case than the control group, the difference was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that ToRCH co-infections are associated with increased risk of abortion than single infection. Hence, the rates of co-infections should be considered in prenatal screening of ToRCH infections.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Sima
S
Rasti
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.|Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Sadat
FS
Ghasemi
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Amir
A
Abdoli
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Ahmad
A
Piroozmand
Department of Statistics and Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Seyed Gholam Abbas
SG
Mousavi
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Zohreh
Z
Fakhrie-Kashan
D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060085:Coinfection; D003587:Cytomegalovirus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000821:virology*; D012409:Rubella; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012698:Serologic Tests; D014122:Toxoplasma; D055815:Young Adult
D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000914:Antibodies, Viral
ToRCH; abortion; co-infection; pregnancy