Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 21,000 cases and 95,000 controls identifies new risk loci for atopic dermatitis.
Genetic association studies have identified 21 loci associated with atopic dermatitis risk predominantly in populations of European ancestry. To identify further susceptibility loci for this common, complex skin disease, we performed a meta-analysis of >15 million genetic variants in 21,399 cases and 95,464 controls from populations of European, African, Japanese and Latino ancestry, followed by replication in 32,059 cases and 228,628 controls from 18 studies. We identified ten new risk loci, bringing the total number of known atopic dermatitis risk loci to 31 (with new secondary signals at four of these loci). Notably, the new loci include candidate genes with roles in the regulation of innate host defenses and T cell function, underscoring the important contribution of (auto)immune mechanisms to atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Lavinia
L
Paternoster
Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Marie
M
Standl
Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Johannes
J
Waage
Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Hansjörg
H
Baurecht
Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Melanie
M
Hotze
Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
David P
DP
Strachan
Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
John A
JA
Curtin
Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Klaus
K
Bønnelykke
23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA.
Chao
C
Tian
Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan.
Atsushi
A
Takahashi
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Jorge
J
Esparza-Gordillo
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Alexessander Couto
AC
Alves
National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jacob P
JP
Thyssen
Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Herman T
HT
den Dekker
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Manuel A
MA
Ferreira
Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Elisabeth
E
Altmaier
The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Patrick Ma
PM
Sleiman
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Feng Li
FL
Xiao
Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.
Juan R
JR
Gonzalez
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Ingo
I
Marenholz
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Birgit
B
Kalb
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.|Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Maria Pino
MP
Yanes
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.|University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
Cheng-Jian
CJ
Xu
Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lisbeth
L
Carstensen
Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Maria M
MM
Groen-Blokhuis
KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Cristina
C
Venturini
School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Australia.
Craig E
CE
Pennell
Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Sheila J
SJ
Barton
Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Albert M
AM
Levin
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.|University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Ivan
I
Curjuric
Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.|Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
Mariona
M
Bustamante
Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eskil
E
Kreiner-Møller
Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Gabrielle A
GA
Lockett
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hosptial, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Jonas
J
Bacelis
Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Supinda
S
Bunyavanich
Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Rachel A
RA
Myers
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Anja
A
Matanovic
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.|University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.|Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ashish
A
Kumar
23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA.
Joyce Y
JY
Tung
Laboratory for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan.
Tomomitsu
T
Hirota
Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan.
Michiaki
M
Kubo
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Wendy L
WL
McArdle
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
A J
AJ
Henderson
Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
John P
JP
Kemp
Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Jie
J
Zheng
Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
George Davey
GD
Smith
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Franz
F
Rüschendorf
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Anja
A
Bauerfeind
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Min Ae
MA
Lee-Kirsch
Clinic and Polyclinic of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Andreas
A
Arnold
Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Georg
G
Homuth
Institute for Community Medicine, Study of Health in Pomerania/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Carsten O
CO
Schmidt
Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Elisabeth
E
Mangold
Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.|Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.|Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.|Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.|Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organisation of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
Sven
S
Cichon
Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Thomas
T
Keil
Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Elke
E
Rodríguez
Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK) (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
Annette
A
Peters
Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Andre
A
Franke
Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Wolfgang
W
Lieb
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
Natalija
N
Novak
Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Regina
R
Fölster-Holst
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Momoko
M
Horikoshi
Unit of Living Environment and Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.|Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Juha
J
Pekkanen
Center for Life-course and Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.|Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.
Sylvain
S
Sebert
Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lise L
LL
Husemoen
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Niels
N
Grarup
Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Johan C
JC
de Jongste
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Fernando
F
Rivadeneira
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Albert
A
Hofman
Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Vincent Wv
VW
Jaddoe
Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Suzanne Gma
SG
Pasmans
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Niels J
NJ
Elbert
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
André G
AG
Uitterlinden
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Guy B
GB
Marks
Lung Institute of Western Australia, QE II Medical Centre Nedlands , Western Australia, Australia.|School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Philip J
PJ
Thompson
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Melanie C
MC
Matheson
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Colin F
CF
Robertson
Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Janina S
JS
Ried
The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jin
J
Li
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Xian Bo
XB
Zuo
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Xiao Dong
XD
Zheng
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Xian Yong
XY
Yin
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Liang Dan
LD
Sun
National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.|Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Maeve A
MA
McAleer
Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Grainne M
GM
O'Regan
Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Caoimhe Mr
CM
Fahy
Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Linda E
LE
Campbell
Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Milan
M
Macek
Department of Clinical Allergology, Pomeranian, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Michael
M
Kurek
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Donglei
D
Hu
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Celeste
C
Eng
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
Dirkje S
DS
Postma
Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bjarke
B
Feenstra
Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Frank
F
Geller
Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jouke Jan
JJ
Hottenga
Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Christel M
CM
Middeldorp
KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Pirro
P
Hysi
KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Veronique
V
Bataille
KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Tim
T
Spector
Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Carla Mt
CM
Tiesler
Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Munich, Germany.
Elisabeth
E
Thiering
Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Badri
B
Pahukasahasram
School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
James J
JJ
Yang
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.|University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Medea
M
Imboden
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Scott
S
Huntsman
Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
Natàlia
N
Vilor-Tejedor
Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Caroline L
CL
Relton
Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Ronny
R
Myhre
Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Wenche
W
Nystad
Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Adnan
A
Custovic
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Scott T
ST
Weiss
Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Deborah A
DA
Meyers
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Center for Innovative Medicine (CIMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cilla
C
Söderhäll
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Erik
E
Melén
Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Carole
C
Ober
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Benjamin A
BA
Raby
Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Angela
A
Simpson
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hosptial, Gothenburg, Sweden.|Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Bo
B
Jacobsson
Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.|Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
John W
JW
Holloway
Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hans
H
Bisgaard
Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
Jordi
J
Sunyer
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.|University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Nicole M Probst
NMP
Hensch
Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
L Keoki
LK
Williams
Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.|National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Keith M
KM
Godfrey
School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Australia.
Carol A
CA
Wang
Dept Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|Institute for Health and Care Research (EMGO), VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Dorret I
DI
Boomsma
Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Mads
M
Melbye
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
Gerard H
GH
Koppelman
Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public Health; National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College; London, UK.|Medical Research Council-Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Deborah
D
Jarvis
Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Wh Irwin
WI
McLean
National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.|Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.|Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Alan D
AD
Irvine
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Xue Jun
XJ
Zhang
The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Hakon
H
Hakonarson
Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.|Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Christian
C
Gieger
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.|Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Esteban G
EG
Burchard
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Nicholas G
NG
Martin
Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.|The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Liesbeth
L
Duijts
Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
Allan
A
Linneberg
Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.|Center for Life Course Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Marjo-Riitta
MR
Jarvelin
Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.|Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Markus M
MM
Noethen
Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Susanne
S
Lau
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Norbert
N
Hübner
Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Clinic for Pediatric Allergy, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Young-Ae
YA
Lee
Laboratory for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan.
Mayumi
M
Tamari
23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA.
David A
DA
Hinds
KCL Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Daniel
D
Glass
Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.|Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK.
Sara J
SJ
Brown
Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Joachim
J
Heinrich
Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.|University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.|These authors jointly directed this work.
David M
DM
Evans
Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.|These authors jointly directed this work.
Stephan
S
Weidinger
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D005819:Genetic Markers