Super pharmacological levels of calcitriol (1,25-(OH)2D3) inhibits mineral deposition and decreases cell proliferation in a strain dependent manner in chicken mesenchymal stem cells undergoing osteogenic differentiation in vitro.
The biologically active form of vitamin D₃, calcitriol (1,25-(OH)₂D₃), plays a key role in mineral homeostasis and bone formation and dietary vitamin D₃deficiency is a major cause of bone disorders in poultry. Supplementary dietary cholecalciferol (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-OH), the precursor of calcitriol, is commonly employed to combat this problem; however, dosage must be carefully determined as excess dietary vitamin D can cause toxicity resulting in a decrease in bone calcification, hypercalcinemia and renal failure. Despite much research on the therapeutic administration of dietary vitamin D in humans, the relative sensitivity of avian species to exogenous vitamin D has not been well defined. In order to determine the effects of exogenous 1,25-(OH)₂D₃during avian osteogenesis, chicken bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were exposed to varying doses of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃during in vitro osteogenic differentiation and examined for markers of early proliferation and osteogenic induction. Similar to humans and other mammals, poultry BM-MSCs were found to be highly sensitive to exogenous 1,25-(OH)₂D₃with super pharmacological levels exerting significant inhibition of mineralization and loss of cell proliferation in vitro. Strain related differences were apparent, with BM-MCSs derived from layers strains showing a higher level of sensitivity to 1,25-(OH)₂D₃than those from broilers. These data suggest that understanding species and strain specific sensitivities to 1,25-(OH)₂D₃is important for optimizing bone health in the poultry industry and that use of avian BM-MSCs are a useful tool for examining underlying effects of genetic variation in poultry.
School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, 5173, Australia.
Vivek V
VV
Pande
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, 5173, Australia.
Kapil C
KC
Chousalkar
School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University). Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
Marie S
MS
Bhanugopan
School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University). Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia jquinn@csu.edu.au.
Jane C
JC
Quinn
D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*
D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D008903:Minerals; D002117:Calcitriol
calcitriol; mesenchymal stem cell; osteogenic differentiation; poultry; vitamin D