title: Posttraumatic intra-articular heterotopic ossification of the shoulder joint in a 15-month-old boy.
abstract: Heterotopic ossification (HO) can result from a single severe injury, repeated microtrauma, central nervous system injury, extensive burns, or muscular bleeding due to hemophilia. Although relatively rare in childhood and extremely rare within a joint, HO should be included in the differential diagnosis of an intra-articular mass when indicated by clinical, radiographic, and histologic findings. Here, we report a posttraumatic intra-articular HO of the shoulder joint in a 15-month-old boy without underlying hematologic disease. Intra-articular HO in a healthy infant has not been reported previously in the published literature. Because of the unusual presentation and location in a patient of such young age, tumorigenic conditions were considered in the differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, 567 Baekje-ro, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, 567 Baekje-ro, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, 567 Baekje-ro, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hae
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, 567 Baekje-ro, Dukjin-gu, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea. jrkeem@chonbuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jung Ryul
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Heterotopic ossification; Infant; Intra-articular joint; Shoulder