title: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ORF3 gene prolongs S-phase, facilitates formation of vesicles and promotes the proliferation of attenuated PEDV.
abstract: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a porcine enteropathogenic coronavirus that has received increasing attention since the emergence of a PEDV variant worldwide. Previous studies have shown that PEDV ORF3 encodes an ion channel protein. However, its influence on cell cycle and subcellular structure still require more research. In this study, we developed a Vero cell line that stably expresses PEDV ORF3 gene. Subcellular localization and influences of PEDV ORF3 on host cells were investigated. We further verified whether or not this gene enhances virus production. The results showed that PEDV ORF3 protein localizes in the cytoplasm and affects cell cycle progression by prolonging the S phase. In addition, the ORF3-expressing Vero cells had more vesicles than the host Vero cells. Furthermore, the attenuated PEDV rather than virulent PEDV could grow better in ORF3-expressing Vero cells. The expression level of the PEDV nucleocapsid protein also increased. These results provided information on the function of PEDV ORF3 and were helpful in understanding the mechanisms of PEDV replication.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shiyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangzhou
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaozhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. he628@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qigai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops / Q000235:genetics; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Cell cycle; ORF3; PEDV; Virus replication