title: Management of type II unruptured cesarean scar pregnancy: Comparison of gestational mass excision and uterine artery embolization combined with methotrexate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research was carried out to investigate the effectiveness, rationality, and safety of laparotomy management compared with uterine artery embolization (UAE) combined with methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of deep implantation cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP II).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 29 patients seen between June 2008 and February 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the surgery group and the UAE combined with MTX group according to the treatment they received. We compared the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients' clinical characteristics did not differ between the surgery group and the UAE combined with MTX group. However, the mean blood loss was decreased in the surgery group compared with the UAE combined with MTX group (90 ± 4.5 mL vs. 286 ± 5.2 mL, p < 0.05). No patients required blood transfusion in the surgery group, whereas two patients in the UAE combined with MTX group received blood transfusions. The length of time for the serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) level to normalize, the time required for the disappearance of the gestational mass, and the duration of hospital stay were significantly less in the surgery group than in the UAE combined with MTX group (13.7 ± 1.0 days vs. 40.7 ± 1.7 days, 7.1 ± 1.3 days vs. 135.4 ± 6.7 days, and 11.0 ± 1.2 days vs. 41.4 ± 3.2 days, respectively; p < 0.01). Although the treatment success rate did not differ significantly between the two groups, the success rate was 100% for the surgery group and 73% for the UAE combined with MTX group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical treatment can remove gestational masses and allow wound repair. Moreover, laparotomy is available in almost all hospitals. Thus, surgery can be an effective and reasonable treatment for CSP II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated First Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated First Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated First Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated First Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qin-Qin
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated First Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: You-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated First Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zhuyp63@126.com.
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000379:methods; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055357:Uterine Artery Embolization / Q000379:methods*; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D008727:Methotrexate
keywords: cesarean scar pregnancy; laparotomy; uterine artery embolization