title: Phylogenetic and Molecular Clock Analysis of Dengue Serotype 1 and 3 from New Delhi, India.
abstract: Dengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral disease in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. The present report describes molecular detection and serotyping of dengue viruses in acute phase blood samples collected from New Delhi, India. Phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis of dengue virus serotype 1 and 3 strains were also investigated. Dengue virus infection was detected in 68.87% out of 604 samples tested by RT-PCR between 2011 & 2014. Dengue serotype 1 was detected in 25.48% samples, dengue serotype 2 in 79.56% samples and dengue serotype 3 in 11.29% samples. Dengue serotype 4 was not detected. Co-infection by more than one dengue serotype was detected in 18.26% samples. Envelope gene of 29 DENV-1 and 14 DENV-3 strains were sequenced in the study. All the DENV-1 strains grouped with the American African genotype. All DENV-3 strains were found to belong to Genotype III. Nucleotide substitution rates of dengue 1 and 3 viruses were determined in the study. Time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of dengue 1 viruses was determined to be 132 years. TMRCA of DENV-3 viruses was estimated to be 149 years. Bayesian skyline plots were constructed for Indian DENV-1 and 3 strains which showed a decrease in population size since 2005 in case of DENV- 1 strains while no change was observed in recent years in case of DENV-3 strains. The study also revealed a change in the dominating serotype in Delhi, India in recent years. The study will be helpful in formulating control strategies for the outbreaks. In addition, it will also assist in tracking the movement and evolution of this emerging virus.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Nazia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Afreen
authors.affiliation: Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Irshad H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Shobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Broor
authors.affiliation: Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Shama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parveen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D065288:Serogroup; D012703:Serotyping; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral