title: Genetic analysis of Thai cattle reveals a Southeast Asian indicine ancestry.
abstract: Cattle commonly raised in Thailand have characteristics of Bos indicus (zebu). We do not know when or how cattle domestication in Thailand occurred, and so questions remain regarding their origins and relationships to other breeds. We obtained genome-wide SNP genotypic data of 28 bovine individuals sampled from four regions: North (Kho-Khaolampoon), Northeast (Kho-Isaan), Central (Kho-Lan) and South (Kho-Chon) Thailand. These regional varieties have distinctive traits suggestive of breed-like genetic variations. From these data, we confirmed that all four Thai varieties are Bos indicus and that they are distinct from other indicine breeds. Among these Thai cattle, a distinctive ancestry pattern is apparent, which is the purest within Kho-Chon individuals. This ancestral component is only present outside of Thailand among other indicine breeds in Southeast Asia. From this pattern, we conclude that a unique Bos indicus ancestor originated in Southeast Asia, and native Kho-Chon Thai cattle retain the signal of this ancestry with limited admixture of other bovine ancestors.
authors.affiliation: Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Pathum Thani , Thailand.
authors.forename: Pongsakorn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wangkumhang
authors.affiliation: Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Pathum Thani , Thailand.
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilantho
authors.affiliation: Medical Molecular Biology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Pathum Thani , Thailand.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.affiliation: UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD , Montpellier , France ; UMR 1313 GABI, INRA , Jouy-en-Josas , France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flori
authors.affiliation: UMR 1313 GABI, INRA , Jouy-en-Josas , France.
authors.forename: Katayoun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moazami-Goudarzi
authors.affiliation: UMR CBGP (INRA/CIRAD/IRD/Supagro), INRA , Montferrier-sur-Lez , France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gautier
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen , Thailand.
authors.forename: Monchai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duangjinda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Anunchai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Assawamakin
authors.affiliation: Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Pathum Thani , Thailand.
authors.forename: Sissades
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tongsima
keywords: Admixture; Kho-Chon; Kho-Isaan; Kho-Khaolampoon; Kho-Lan; Population genetics; Population structure; ipPCA