title: Limited usefulness of the Rey Fifteen-Item Test in detection of invalid performance in veterans suspected of mild traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study explored using the FIT as a measure of performance validity among veterans undergoing neuropsychological evaluation for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The Rey Fifteen-Item Memory Test (FIT) is a performance validity measure criticized for poor sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and fifty-seven veterans completed the FIT and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition, Digit Span (DS); 109 of whom completed the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). FIT cut-offs of <9, <8 and stricter cut-offs were examined using DS and/or TOMM as criterion performance validity measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only four participants scored below the standard cut score of 9 on the FIT. Among the 13 veterans failing both criterion tests, only two scored below 9 on the FIT. Regardless of which FIT cut-off was used, the FIT had poor diagnostic accuracy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite its popularity, the FIT is not supported as an appropriate measure of performance validity in veterans undergoing evaluation for possible mTBI. Therefore, inferences regarding neuropsychological data reliability with adequate statistical certainty require use of other measures of performance validity with greater sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: a Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System , Ann Arbor , MI , USA .
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Flaherty
authors.affiliation: a Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System , Ann Arbor , MI , USA .
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.affiliation: b Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences , Stanford University Medical Center , Stanford , CA , USA .
authors.forename: Lauren L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Drag
authors.affiliation: a Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System , Ann Arbor , MI , USA .|c Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , University of Michigan Health System , Ann Arbor , MI , USA .
authors.forename: Percival H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Pangilinan
authors.affiliation: a Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System , Ann Arbor , MI , USA .|d Department of Psychiatry , University of Michigan Health System , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.
authors.forename: Linas A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bieliauskas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000523:psychology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D008306:Malingering / Q000523:psychology; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Head injury; performance validity testing; traumatic brain injury