title: PET/MRI: Emerging Clinical Applications in Oncology.
abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET), commonly performed in conjunction with computed tomography (CT), has revolutionized oncologic imaging. PET/CT has become the standard of care for the initial staging and assessment of treatment response for many different malignancies. Despite this success, PET/CT is often supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which offers superior soft-tissue contrast and a means of assessing cellular density with diffusion-weighted imaging. Consequently, PET/MRI, the newest clinical hybrid imaging modality, has the potential to provide added value over PET/CT or MRI alone. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the current body of literature pertaining to the clinical performance of PET/MRI, with the aim of summarizing current evidence and identifying gaps in knowledge to direct clinical expansion and future research. Multiple example cases are also provided to illustrate the central findings of these publications.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, Campus Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63110. Electronic address: fraumt@mir.wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Tyler J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Fraum
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, Campus Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63110.
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, Campus Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Saint Louis, MO, 63110.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McConathy
mesh_terms: D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods
keywords: Oncology; PET/MR; PET/MRI; Whole-body imaging; mMR