title: Senior Surgical Resident Confidence in Performing Flexible Endoscopy: What Can We Do Differently?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The American Board of Surgery endoscopy requirements for general surgery training are evolving. In 2006, the Residency Review Committee in Surgery increased the total number of endoscopy cases required before completion of general surgery residency training. This requirement is set to change further, given the new Flexible Endoscopic Curriculum that would be a requirement for applicants graduating surgical training during or after the 2017 to 2018 academic year. Given these changes, our goal was to evaluate the confidence of senior surgical residents performing flexible endoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey was developed and sent to general surgery residents nationally, querying them regarding demographics and program-specific characteristics; additionally they were asked to rate their confidence level in performing flexible upper endoscopy and colonoscopy on a Likert scale of 1 to 5. We then compared those residents who indicated confidence (Likert scale 4-5) to those who did not (Likert scale 1-3). For the purpose of this study, only senior (postgraduate year 4 and 5) general surgery residents were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We received 1176 responses from senior surgical residents: 56% of these were postgraduate year 5 residents, 65% male, 68% from University Programs, and 56% from programs associated with a Veteran's Affairs Hospital; 33% were from programs in the Northeast, 29% in the South, 24% in the Midwest, and 14% in the West; 75% were going on to additional fellowship training after the completion of residency; 42% indicated that they would go into academic practice and 32% into private practice; 66.7% reported confidence performing upper endoscopy and 52.7% reported confidence performing colonoscopy. Male gender, overall operative volume, and graduating from a medium-sized program or program in the South were associated with increased confidence performing flexible endoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large percentage of senior residents do not report confidence in performing flexible endoscopy. Although increasing the number of cases required for graduation has likely helped improve the training of residents in endoscopy, additional improvements in training are required. The Flexible Endoscopic Curriculum helps standardize the curriculum and demonstrate that the graduating resident has the fundamental knowledge and skills required in the performance of endoscopy. Simulation training and dedicated endoscopic rotations during the course of residency training could help improve endoscopy training and proficiency for future graduating residents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. Electronic address: annabelle.fonseca@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Annabelle L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gusberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Walter E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Longo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000193:education*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States
keywords: Patient Care; Practice-Based Learning and Improvement; System-Based Practice; confidence performing endoscopy; endoscopy; surgeon confidence