title: Enhancement in ionic liquid tolerance of cellulase immobilized on PEGylated graphene oxide nanosheets: Application in saccharification of lignocellulose.
abstract: The objective of the present work was to improve ionic liquid (IL) tolerance of cellulase based on the exploration of functional nanoscale carriers for potential application in lignocellulosic biorefinery. PEGylated graphene oxide (GO) composite was successfully fabricated by chemical binding of 4-arm-PEG-NH2 and GO and applied to the immobilization of cellulase. The PEGylated GO-Cellulase retained 61% of the initial activity in 25% (w/v) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) while free cellulase only retained 2%. The IL stability was enhanced more than 30 times. The relatively minor change in Km value (from 2.7 to 3.2mgmL(-1)) after the immobilization suggested that PEGylated GO-Cellulase was capable of closely mimicking the performance of free enzyme. After treating rice straw with [Bmim][Cl] and dilution to a final IL concentration of 15% (w/v), the slurry was directly hydrolyzed using PEGylated GO-Cellulase without IL removing and a high hydrolysis rate of 87% was achieved.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China. Electronic address: xujiaxing@hytc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiaxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Zhenhuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Xinfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, 30 Puzhunan Road, Nanjing 210000, China.
authors.forename: Bingfang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D010087:Oxides; C036909:lignocellulose; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C502841:1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; D006108:Graphite; D008031:Lignin; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: Cellulase; Graphene oxide; Ionic liquid; Saccharification; Tolerance