title: Quantitative Detection of Shiga Toxins Directly from Stool Specimens of Patients Associated with an Outbreak of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Japan--Quantitative Shiga toxin detection from stool during EHEC outbreak.
abstract: Detection of Shiga toxins (Stx) is important for accurate diagnosis of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed Stx protein in nine patients' stool during an outbreak that occurred in Japan. Highly sensitive immunoassay (bead enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bead-ELISA)) revealed that the concentrations of toxins in stool of patients ranged from 0.71 to 10.44 ng/mL for Stx1 and 2.75 to 51.61 ng/mL for Stx2. To our knowledge, this is the first report that reveals the range of Stx protein concentrations in human stools.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Hygiene, Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan. yamasakie@obihiro.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Eiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.affiliation: Toyama Institute of Health, Imizu, Toyama 939-0363, Japan. masanori.watahiki@pref.toyama.lg.jp.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watahiki
authors.affiliation: Toyama Institute of Health, Imizu, Toyama 939-0363, Japan. junko.isobe@pref.toyama.lg.jp.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.affiliation: Toyama Institute of Health, Imizu, Toyama 939-0363, Japan. t-sata@rhythm.ocn.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Tetsutaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sata
authors.affiliation: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India. nairgb@thsti.res.in.
authors.forename: G Balakrish
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Hygiene, Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan. hkurazon@obihiro.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurazono
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D054324:Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D022603:Shiga Toxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D022603:Shiga Toxins
keywords: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli outbreak; Shiga toxin; bead enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; rapid detection