title: Morusin suppresses breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo through C/EBPβ and PPARγ mediated lipoapoptosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer is the most fatal malignant cancer among women, the conventional therapeutic modalities of it are limited. Morusin possesses cytotoxicity against some cancer cells in vitro. The purpose of this study is to test the growth inhibition effect of morusin on human breast cancer growth in vitro and in vivo and to explore the potential mechanism of its action.
  
  
  METHODS
  The growth inhibition effect of morusin on human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo were tested by cell cytotoxicity, colony formation inhibition, adipogenic differentiation, apoptosis induction, and tumor growth inhibition in vivo assays. The potential molecular mechanisms underlying the growth inhibition effect of morusin on human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo were investigated with Western blotting evaluation of expression levels of transcription factors, C/EBPβ and PPARγ, adipogenic and apoptotic proteins in morusin treated breast cancer cells and tumor tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Morusin inhibited breast cancer cells growth in vitro and in vivo; it induced adipogenic differentiation, apoptosis and lipoapoptosis of cancer cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Morusin has the potential to inhibit human breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo through C/EBPβ and PPARγ mediated lipoapoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Qiaoping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Chuanlan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. xiujiewang@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiujie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D005419:Flavonoids; D047495:PPAR gamma; C057451:morusin