title: Theory-of-mind understanding and theory-of-mind use in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
abstract: We assessed theory of mind (ToM) in unaffected first-degree relatives (FDR) of patients with schizophrenia (SC) and bipolar disorder (BD) compared to healthy controls with a revised computerized referential communication task. Results showed that FDR of SC performed worse than FDR of BD and controls on a task requiring ToM-use, but not on a task requiring ToM-understanding. This indicates that deficient ToM-use, rather than ToM-understanding impairments, may represent a potential candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain Functioning Research, The Seventh Hospital of Hangzhou, 305 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang Province, China; Clinical Institute of Mental Health in Hangzhou, Anhui Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address: wangyongguang78@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain Functioning Research, The Seventh Hospital of Hangzhou, 305 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang Province, China; Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain Functioning Research, The Seventh Hospital of Hangzhou, 305 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang Province, China; Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address: shijf659293@126.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Fei
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D032882:Comprehension / Q000502:physiology; D058068:Endophenotypes; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D056345:Theory of Mind / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Endophenotype; Schizophrenia; Theory of mind