title: Estimation of Daily Sodium and Potassium Excretion Using Spot Urine and 24-Hour Urine Samples in a Black Population (Benin).
abstract: The 24-hour urine collection method is considered the gold standard for the estimation of ingested potassium and sodium. Because of the impracticalities of collecting all urine over a 24-hour period, spot urine is often used for epidemiological investigations. This study aims to assess the agreement between spot urine and 24-hour urine measurements to determine sodium and potassium intake. A total of 402 participants aged 25 to 64 years were randomly selected in South Benin. Spot urine was taken during the second urination of the day. Twenty-four-hour urine was also collected. Samples (2-mL) were taken and then stored at -20°C. The analysis was carried out using potentiometric dosage. The agreement between spot urine and 24-hour urine measurements was established using Bland-Altman plots. A total of 354 results were analyzed. Daily sodium chloride and potassium chloride urinary excretion means were 10.2±4.9 g/24 h and 2.9±1.4 g/24 h, respectively. Estimated daily sodium chloride and potassium chloride means from the spot urine were 10.7±7.0 g/24 h and 3.9±2.1 g/24 h, respectively. Concordance coefficients were 0.61 at d=-0.5 g, (d±2SD=-11 g and 10.1 g) for sodium chloride and 0.61 at d=-1 g, (d±2SD=-3.8 g and 1.8 g) for potassium chloride. Spot urine method is acceptable for estimating 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion to assess sodium and potassium intake in a black population. However, the confidence interval for the mean difference, which is too large, makes the sodium chloride results inadmissible at a clinical level.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.|Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Diseases Epidemiology (LEMACEN), Faculty of Health Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.|Unit of Nutrition, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Carmelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mizéhoun-Adissoda
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.|Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Diseases Epidemiology (LEMACEN), Faculty of Health Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: Corine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Houehanou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chianéa
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dalmay
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bigot
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Marie
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Preux
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bovet
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.|Laboratory of Chronic and Neurological Diseases Epidemiology (LEMACEN), Faculty of Health Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: Dismand
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Houinato
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR_S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France.|Unit of Nutrition, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Desport
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001541:Benin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000652:urine*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000652:urine*; D013997:Time Factors; D059349:Urine Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011189:Potassium Chloride