title: Utility of Real Time 3D Echocardiography for the Assessment of Left Ventricular Mass in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Comparison with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have irregular ventricular shapes with small and sometimes obliterated cavities at end-systole that affect the quantification of left ventricular mass (LVM) by conventional methods, such as M-mode or two-dimensional echocardiography. The goal of this study was to validate the use of real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) to quantify LVM using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) as a reference, in a large population of patients with different types of HCM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight consecutive patients with HCM had a complete transthoracic examination and CMR performed within 7 days. LVM was calculated by M-mode and RT3DE and compared to CMR that served as gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left ventricular mass calculated by RT3DE was 195 ± 41 g and 187 ± 49 g by CMR. The correlation between the two methods was moderate, with a Lin index of 0.63 and good linear correlation (r = 0.63, P < 0.0001). The correlation was high when RT3DE was of high or adequate image quality. The correlation between LVM by M-mode and CMR was poor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional echocardiography is an accurate method for the quantification of LVM in patients with different subtypes of HCM that is in better agreement with CMR reference values than M-mode measurements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gustavo P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Avegliano
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Costabel
authors.affiliation: Medstar Health Research Institute at Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.
authors.forename: Federico M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Asch
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Agustina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sciancalepore
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuschnir
authors.affiliation: CETIR-Pilar-Sant Jordi Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huguet
authors.affiliation: CETIR-Pilar-Sant Jordi Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tobon-Gomez
authors.affiliation: Center for Computational Imaging (Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine) (CISTIB), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alejandro F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Frangi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ronderos
mesh_terms: D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003199:Computer Systems; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: cardiomyopathy; hypertrophic; left ventricular mass; three-dimensional echocardiography