title: Surfactant-free alternative fuel: Phase behavior and diffusion properties.
abstract: Phase behavior of the three components, 1-propanol, water and oil is studied at 10, 25, and 40°C. Biodiesel, limonene and diesel are used as oil phases. NMR self-diffusion measurements are performed to investigate the microstructure of the one-phase regions. Tie lines in the two-phase regions are determined both by proton NMR analysis and compared with theoretical calculations. NMR self-diffusion results for the different components in these systems do not show any sign of confinement or obstructions, demonstrating these mixtures to be structureless solutions. A good agreement between the experimental and calculated phase behavior is obtained. The determined tie lines in the two-phase regions show higher affinity of 1-propanol to water than to oil.
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; College of Science & Technology, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine. Electronic address: ikayali@science.alquds.edu.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kayali
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Chemboli K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Jyothi
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; College of Science & Technology, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
authors.forename: Khawla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Qamhieh
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Olsson
keywords: Fuel microemulsion; NMR self-diffusion coefficient; Surfactant-free microemulsion; Tie lines