title: Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins (RAMPs): New Insights and Roles.
abstract: It is now recognized that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), once considered largely independent functional units, have a far more diverse molecular architecture. Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) provide an important example of proteins that interact with GPCRs to modify their function. RAMPs are able to act as pharmacological switches and chaperones, and they can regulate signaling and/or trafficking in a receptor-dependent manner. This review covers recent discoveries in the RAMP field and summarizes the known GPCR partners and functions of RAMPs. We also discuss the first peptide-bound structures of RAMP-GPCR complexes, which give insight into the molecular mechanisms that enable RAMPs to alter the pharmacology and signaling of GPCRs.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Center, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; email: dl.hay@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Debbie L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104; email: augen-pioszak@ouhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Augen A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pioszak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: CGRP; CRF; GPCR; GPR30; RAMP; VIP; adrenomedullin; amylin; calcium-sensing receptor; heterodimer