title: Executive functioning in preschoolers with specific language impairment.
abstract: The pathogenesis of Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is still largely beyond our understanding. In this review, a neuropsychological perspective on language impairments in SLI is taken, focusing specifically on executive functioning (EF) in preschoolers (age range: 2.6-6.1 years) with SLI. Based on the studies described in this review, it can be concluded that similar to school-aged children with SLI, preschoolers with SLI show difficulties in working memory, inhibition and shifting, as revealed by both performance based measures and behavioral ratings. It seems plausible that a complex, reciprocal relationship exists between language and EF throughout development. Future research is needed to examine if, and if yes how, language and EF interact in SLI. Broad neuropsychological assessment in which both language and EF are taken into account may contribute to early detection of SLI. This in turn can lead to early and tailored treatment of children with (suspected) SLI aimed not only at stimulating language development but also at strengthening EF.
authors.affiliation: Kentalis Academy, Royal Dutch Kentalis Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands ; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vissers
authors.affiliation: Kentalis Academy, Royal Dutch Kentalis Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands ; Vincent van Gogh for Psychiatry Venray, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sophieke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koolen
authors.affiliation: Kentalis Academy, Royal Dutch Kentalis Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands ; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.affiliation: Kentalis Academy, Royal Dutch Kentalis Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands ; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scheper
authors.affiliation: Kentalis Academy, Royal Dutch Kentalis Sint-Michielsgestel, Netherlands ; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Knoors
keywords: executive functioning; inhibition (psychology); preschoolers; shifting; specific language impairment; working memory capacity