title: Weight Loss and Health Status 3 Years after Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bariatric surgery is increasingly considered for the treatment of adolescents with severe obesity, but few prospective adolescent-specific studies examining the efficacy and safety of weight-loss surgery are available to support clinical decision making.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively enrolled 242 adolescents undergoing weight-loss surgery at five U.S. centers. Patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (161 participants) or sleeve gastrectomy (67) were included in the analysis. Changes in body weight, coexisting conditions, cardiometabolic risk factors, and weight-related quality of life and postoperative complications were evaluated through 3 years after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (±SD) baseline age of the participants was 17±1.6 years, and the mean body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) was 53; 75% of the participants were female, and 72% were white. At 3 years after the procedure, the mean weight had decreased by 27% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25 to 29) in the total cohort, by 28% (95% CI, 25 to 30) among participants who underwent gastric bypass, and by 26% (95% CI, 22 to 30) among those who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. By 3 years after the procedure, remission of type 2 diabetes occurred in 95% (95% CI, 85 to 100) of participants who had had the condition at baseline, remission of abnormal kidney function occurred in 86% (95% CI, 72 to 100), remission of prediabetes in 76% (95% CI, 56 to 97), remission of elevated blood pressure in 74% (95% CI, 64 to 84), and remission of dyslipidemia in 66% (95% CI, 57 to 74). Weight-related quality of life also improved significantly. However, at 3 years after the bariatric procedure, hypoferritinemia was found in 57% (95% CI, 50 to 65) of the participants, and 13% (95% CI, 9 to 18) of the participants had undergone one or more additional intraabdominal procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this multicenter, prospective study of bariatric surgery in adolescents, we found significant improvements in weight, cardiometabolic health, and weight-related quality of life at 3 years after the procedure. Risks associated with surgery included specific micronutrient deficiencies and the need for additional abdominal procedures. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and others; Teen-LABS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00474318.).
authors.affiliation: From the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (T.H.I., T.M.J., M.A.H., M.H.Z., S.A.X.) and the University of Cincinnati (C.R.B.), Cincinnati, and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (M.P.M.) - all in Ohio; the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (A.P.C.); Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (M.L.B.); Women and Children's Hospital, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY (C.M.H.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.C.); and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (M.H.).
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Inge
authors.forename: Anita P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Courcoulas
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Marc P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Michalsky
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Helmrath
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: Carroll M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Harmon
authors.forename: Meg H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: Mike K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Stavra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Xanthakos
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horlick
authors.forename: C Ralph
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Buncher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000379:methods; D015992:Body Mass Index; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult