title: A SHORT-TERM CIRCUIT RESISTANCE PROGRAMME REDUCED EPICARDIAL FAT IN OBESE AGED WOMEN.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  this study was conducted to ascertain the effects of resistance circuit training on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in obese aged women. A secondary objective was to assess muscle damage induced by supervised resistance training to confirm the intervention program was effective and safe.
  
  
  METHODS
  in the present interventional study, a total of 48 obese aged women were recruited from the community. Twenty-four of them were randomly assigned to perform a 12-week resistance circuit training programme, 3-days per week. This training was circularly performed in 6 stations: arm curl, leg extension, seated row, leg curl, triceps extension and leg press. The Jamar handgrip electronic dynamometer was used to assess maximal handgrip strength of the dominant hand. Two experienced observers assessed EAT by transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography. Lastly, serum samples were analysed using one-step sandwich assays for creatine kinase activity (CK) and myoglobin (MB) concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  as was hypothesized, resistance training significantly reduced EAT thickness (8.4 ± 1.0 vs. 7.3 ± 1.3 mm; p = 0.014; d = 0.76) in the experimental group. Resistance training induced no significant changes in markers of muscle damage such as CK (181.6 ± 36.9 vs. 194.2 ± 37.8 U/l; p = 0.31) and MB (62.4 ± 7.1 vs. 67.3 ± 7.7 ng/ml; p = 0.26). No significant changes in any of the tested outcomes were found in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  resistance training reduced EAT in aged obese women. A secondary finding was that the training program was effective and safe. While current results are promising, future studies are still required to consolidate this approach in clinical application.
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. miguelangel.rosety@uca.es.
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rosety
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. teresa.pery@uca.es.
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Pery
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz. Hospital "Puerta del Mar", Spain.. trp@ono.com.
authors.forename: Maria Antonia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Pareja
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. antoniojesusdiaz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz. Hospital "Puerta del Mar", Spain.. jesusr@ono.com.
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosety
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. natalia.garcia@uca.es.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. medicina.deporte@uca.es.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brenes-Martin
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. manuel.rosetyrodriguez@uca.es.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosety-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. manuel.rosetyrodriguez@uca.es.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toro
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. franciscojavier.ordonez@uca.es.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ordoñez
authors.affiliation: University of Cadiz, Spain.. ignacio.rosety@uca.es.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosety
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004452:Echocardiography; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D009765:Obesity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D010496:Pericardium / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003402:Creatine Kinase