title: The relationship between epicardial adipose tissue and P wave and QT dispersions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) secretes various pro-inflammatory and atherogenic mediators that have several endocrine and paracrine effects on heart. This study investigated the influence of EAT on QT and P wave dispersions (QTd, PWd), as simple, non-invasive tools of proarrhythmia on surface ECG.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study and included 70 patients with normal coronary arteries who underwent 12-derivation electrocardiography, echocardiography and biochemical examinations in order for QTd, PWd, and EAT thickness to be measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median EAT thickness was 4.1 mm. Correlation analyses revealed that EAT was significantly associated with age (r=0.412, p<0.001), weight (r=0.262, p=0.028), body mass index (r=0.396, p<0.001), left atrium diameter (r=0.518, p<0.001), fasting plasma glucose (r=0.245, p=0.041), maximum P wave duration (r=0.343, p=0.004), minimum P wave duration (r=0.275, p=0.021) and PWd (r=0.265, p=0.026). No relation was found between study parameters and QTd. However, P wave dispersion was significantly related to EAT thickness (r=0.265, p=0.026), left atrium diameter (r=0.483, p<0.001), and the triglyceride levels (r=0.267, p=0.028). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed left atrial diameter as the only independent predictor of PWd.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant association between EAT and PWd was demonstrated in the study. While EAT is related to both increased PWd and left atrial size, left atrial diameter seems to be more important than EAT for prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with normal coronary arteries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yüksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Çiçek
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sıtkı
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doğan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murtaza Emre
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Durakoğlugil
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Başkent University, Alanya Medical and Research Center, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Akif Serhat
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Balcıoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Turan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erdoğan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ömer
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Şatıroğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zakir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Karadağ
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bostan
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006329:Heart Conduction System; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010496:Pericardium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides