title: Molecular Screening for P53 Mutations among Tobacco Smokers in a Survey of Awareness of Links between Tobacco, Alcohol Use and Cancer in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Roles of tobacco and alcohol use in etiology of cancer are well established. Alterationin in P53 have essential roles neoplastic change by preventing genome mutation; the aim of this study was to assess the association between P53 mutation and tobacco and alcohol consumption, as well as to assess the epidemiology of tobacco and alcohol use as risk factors for cancer in the adult population of northern Saudi civilians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey from October 2014 to January 2015, covering 3,398 adults, was performed. P53 mutation molecular detection was performed for 100 tobacco and alcohol users, using DNA extracted from buccal cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 3,398 participants 3,253/3398(95.7%) responded, with a male female ratio of 1.10: 1.00. Out of these, 24.8% had smoked tobacco in their lifetime and 2.7% were consumers of alcoholic beverages. None was identified with any P53 mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of tobacco smoking among the northern Saudi civilians was relatively high. Females' attitudes in tobacco and alcohol related issues were found to be affected by social stigma. Tobacco and alcohol use has no link to P53 gene mutations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail : fawazabof@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fawaz D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Alshammari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D057545:Social Stigma; D055815:Young Adult