title: No association between Helicobacter pylori infection and diabetes mellitus among a general Japanese population: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: Several case-control studies have reported that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) had a higher prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection than those without DM, but these findings remain equivocal. Additionally, there are few studies examining associations between East Asian CagA-positive H. pylori and DM. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether H. pylori infection was a possible risk factor for DM in a general Japanese population. The study included 5165 subjects (1467 men, 3698 women) aged 35-69 years from the Daiko Study, part of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. A urinary anti-H. pylori antibody was used to detect H. pylori infection. The medical history of physician-diagnosed DM was confirmed by self-administered questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for DM (current and former) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, educational status, alcohol use, smoking status, body mass index, energy intake, and physical activity. The prevalence of DM was 4.6 % (95 % CI 3.7-5.6 %) among 1878 participants with H. pylori infection and 3.2 % (2.6-3.8 %) among 3287 without the infection (p = 0.009). The crude, age-adjusted, and multivariate-adjusted ORs for DM in those with the infection relative to those without were 1.47 (95 % CI 1.10-1.97), 1.02 (0.76-1.38), and 0.97 (0.71-1.32), respectively. We found a significantly higher DM prevalence among those with H. pylori infection than among those without. However, almost all the difference in prevalence could be explained by the older age of those infected. Our findings did not support an association between H. pylori infection and DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan ; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194 Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan ; Environmental Planning Laboratory, Department of Forest Management, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, National Research and Development Agency, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, 305-8687 Japan.
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Sayo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Tae
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasakabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Nana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan ; Department of Oral Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511 Japan.
authors.forename: Shino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suma
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan ; Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Asahi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakai
keywords: Cross-sectional study; Diabetes mellitus; East Asian CagA; Helicobacter pylori; Japan