title: Landscape genetics, adaptive diversity and population structure in Phaseolus vulgaris.
abstract: Here we studied the organization of genetic variation of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in its centres of domestication. We used 131 single nucleotide polymorphisms to investigate 417 wild common bean accessions and a representative sample of 160 domesticated genotypes, including Mesoamerican and Andean genotypes, for a total of 577 accessions. By analysing the genetic spatial patterns of the wild common bean, we documented the existence of several genetic groups and the occurrence of variable degrees of diversity in Mesoamerica and the Andes. Moreover, using a landscape genetics approach, we demonstrated that both demographic processes and selection for adaptation were responsible for the observed genetic structure. We showed that the study of correlations between markers and ecological variables at a continental scale can help in identifying local adaptation genes. We also located putative areas of common bean domestication in Mesoamerica, in the Oaxaca Valley, and the Andes, in southern Bolivia-northern Argentina. These observations are of paramount importance for the conservation and exploitation of the genetic diversity preserved within this species and other plant genetic resources.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. de Nicola, 07100, Sassari, Italy.|Centro per la Conservazione e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Surigheddu, 07040, Alghero, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. de Nicola, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rau
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bitocchi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bellucci
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biagetti
authors.affiliation: Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali (CRA-CIN), Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, via di Corticella, 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carboni
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences/MS1, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gepts
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nanni
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Papa
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. de Nicola, 07100, Sassari, Italy.|Centro per la Conservazione e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Surigheddu, 07040, Alghero, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Attene
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D001106:Archaeology; D018533:Biomass; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics
keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris; SNP genotyping; domestication; genetic diversity; landraces; landscape genetics; wild accessions