title: Comparison of outcomes for open versus endoscopic approaches for olfactory neuroblastoma: A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.
abstract: Endoscopic approaches have been adopted as an alternative to craniofacial resection in the surgical management of olfactory neuroblastoma.
  
  
  
  We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL (2000-2014) to compare outcomes for open versus endoscopic approaches.
  
  
  
  Thirty-six studies containing 609 patients were included. Meta-analysis of (a) all patients, (b) Kadish C/D only, and (c) Hyams III/IV only, failed to show a difference in locoregional control and metastasis-free survival between approaches. However, endoscopic approaches were associated with improved overall survival (OS) for all 3 groups (p = .001, .04, and .001, respectively), and higher disease-specific survival (DSS) for all patients (p = .004) and Hyams III/IV only (p = .002).
  
  
  
  The current study suggests that endoscopic approaches have comparable control rates to open approaches for olfactory neuroblastoma. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2306-E2316, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Terence S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Nidal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muhanna
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: de Almeida
mesh_terms: D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D057832:Watchful Waiting
keywords: endoscopic; esthesioneuroblastoma; olfactory neuroblastoma; open; outcomes