title: Cuffing-based photoacoustic flowmetry in humans in the optical diffusive regime.
abstract: Measuring blood flow speed in the optical diffusive regime in humans has been a long standing challenge for photoacoustic tomography. In this work, we proposed a cuffing-based method to quantify blood flow speed in humans with a handheld photoacoustic probe. By cuffing and releasing the blood vessel, we can measure the blood flow speed downstream. In phantom experiments, we demonstrated that the minimum and maximum measurable flow speeds were 0.035 mm/s and 42 mm/s, respectively. In human experiments, flow speeds were measured in three different blood vessels: a radial artery in the right forearm, a radial artery in the index finger of the right hand, and a radial vein in the right forearm. Taking advantage of the handheld probe, our method can potentially be used to monitor blood flow speed in the clinic and at the bedside.
authors.affiliation: Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Jinyang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA. lhwang@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Lihong V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D004058:Diffusion; D018056:Hemorheology; D006801:Humans; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000502:physiology
keywords: blood flow; cuffing; in human; optical diffusive regime; photoacoustic tomography