title: TIM-3, a Possible Target for Immunotherapy in Cancer and Chronic Viral Infections.
abstract: Effector T-cell responses are controlled by complex mechanisms involving various soluble factors and co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules. These inhibitory receptors act as immune checkpoints and are extensively investigated as possible therapeutic targets, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. Recently TIM-3 is also gaining prominence in tumor and chronic viral infection models as a candidate for immunotherapy in conjunction with other inhibitory receptors. This review discusses the recent findings on the expression of TIM-3 and its ligand in tumor and chronic viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, USA.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tieu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Praveen Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Amancha
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villinger
authors.forename: Siddappa N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Byrareddy
keywords: CTLA-4; Galectin-9; Immunotherapy; TIM-3