title: [Effect of nano-realgar on proliferation and apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of nano-realgar on proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different cervical cancer cell lines (Caski/HPV16+, adeno carcinoma; Hela/HPV18+, squmous carcinoma; C33A/HPV-, adeno carcinoma) were incubated with nano-realgar at different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40 mg/L) for different times (24, 48, 72, 96 h). The morphology was observed under phase contrast microscope. The cell viability and apoptosis were examined by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inhibitory effect of nano-realgar on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells was in a dose-dependent manner, with a range of inhibitory rate from 9.02% to 49.06%. Taking the group (20 mg/L) for an example, the inhibitory rates for Caski, Hela and C33A were 39.15%, 36.17% and 30.56%, respectively. The results of flow cytometry showed that the nano-realgar induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, with a range of apoptosis rate from 19.29% to 99.54%. Also taking the group (20 mg/L) for an example, the apoptosis rates for Caski, Hela and C33A were (60.43 ± 2.88)%, (41.95 ± 3.01)% and (43.49 ± 2.19)%, respectively. High concentration of nano-realgar (20 or 40 mg/L) could induce block of Hela and Caski at G2/M stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nano-realgar can inhibit the proliferation of different cervical carcinoma cell lines and can induce the cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effect on cell proliferation is strongest for Caski, followed by Hela and C33A. It can also induce G2/M stage block on HPV positive cervical cancer cells at high enough concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
authors.forename: Lijie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
authors.forename: Luying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
authors.forename: Songshu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
authors.forename: Yueran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
authors.forename: Chunxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D013440:Sulfides; C058317:arsenic disulfide