title: Versatile Cellulose-Based Carbon Aerogel for the Removal of Both Cationic and Anionic Metal Contaminants from Water.
abstract: Hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose in the presence of the globular protein ovalbumin leads to the formation of nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel with a fibrillar continuous carbon network. The protein plays here a double role: (i) a natural source of nitrogen functionalities (2.1 wt %) and (ii) structural directing agent (S(BET) = 38 m(2)/g). The applicability in wastewater treatment, namely, for heavy metal removal, was examined through adsorption of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) ion solely and in a mixed bicomponent aqueous solutions. This cellulose-based carbogel shows an enhanced ability to remove both Cr(VI) (∼68 mg/g) and Pb(II) (∼240 mg/g) from the targeted solutions in comparison to other carbon materials reported in the literature. The presence of competing ions showed little effect on the adsorption efficiency toward Cr(VI) and Pb(II).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Sara-Maaria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Alatalo
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom.|Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Filoklis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pileidis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Ermei
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mäkilä
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional del Carbón (CSIC) , P.O. Box 73, 33080 OVIEDO, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sevilla
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Eveliina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Repo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jarno
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salonen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology , Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sillanpää
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom.|Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Maria-Magdalena
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Titirici
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002412:Cations; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002645:Chickens; D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry; D004058:Diffusion; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D055672:Static Electricity; D014732:Vibration; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D005782:Gels; D007477:Ions; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002857:Chromium; D002244:Carbon; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: adsorption; carbon aerogel; heavy metals removal; hydrothermal carbonization; water purification