title: Semiochemical Production and Laboratory Behavior Response of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha Halys.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) is an exotic insect pest that was first recognized in the United States in 2001. As of today, it has been found in more than 42 states. BMSB has a very broad host plant range and damage to crops in mid-Atlantic States has reached a critical level. A reliable and accurate tool for infestation detection and population monitoring is urgently needed to provide better and more timely interventions. Pheromones produced by male BMSB have been previously identified and are currently used in BMSB infestation detection. However, the conditions affecting BMSB production of these pheromones were unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we collected headspace volatiles from male BMSB under laboratory conditions, measured the temporal patterns of release of these pheromones, and assayed the attractiveness to conspecifics. In addition to the pheromone components, tridecane (C13) and E-2-decenal (an alarm compound) were observed in headspace collections of males, as well as in females and nymphs. Exposure of pheromone-emitting adult males to synthetic C13 greatly reduced pheromone emission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This information should lead to a better understanding of the biology, physiology, and chemical ecology of BMSB, which will help scientists and growers develop more efficient strategies based on natural products to manage BMSB population, therefore, reducing pesticide usage and protecting the crops from BMSB damage.
authors.affiliation: Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States of America; Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States of America.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abubeker
authors.affiliation: Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mengmeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leskey
authors.affiliation: Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States of America.
authors.forename: Aijun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000473:Alkanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000475:Alkenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D020062:Heteroptera; D008297:Male; D009758:Nymph / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009812:Odorants; D010675:Pheromones / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C476489:(2E)-decenal; D000447:Aldehydes; D000473:Alkanes; D000475:Alkenes; D010675:Pheromones; C094074:tridecane