title: Intensity of delivery room resuscitation and neonatal outcomes in infants born at 33 to 36 weeks' gestation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Examine the relationship between delivery room resuscitation intensity and mortality, morbidities and resource use in late preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study of inborn infants born at 33 to 36 weeks' gestation and admitted to Canadian neonatal intensive care units during 2010 to 2013. The 13 619 infants were grouped according to delivery room resuscitation intensity: no or minimal resuscitation (64.5%); continuous positive airway pressure (10.2%); bag-mask ventilation (21.7%); endotracheal intubation (3.1%); and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (0.6%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall mortality, early mortality, respiratory distress, pneumothorax, late-onset sepsis and resource use increased with higher intensity resuscitation. Compared with no or minimal resuscitation, intubation and CPR were associated with increased odds of mortality (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 50 (20 to 125) and 180 (63 to 518), respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intubation or higher intensity delivery room resuscitation is associated with increased mortality, morbidities and resource use in late preterm infants. Extra intensive care is required for such infants, especially during the first week of life.
authors.affiliation: Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Child Health Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Monterrosa
authors.affiliation: Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Maternal-Infant Care Research Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D015276:Health Care Rationing / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic