title: Acutely administered grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract acts as a satiating agent.
abstract: Grape-seed proanthocyanidins' role as stimulators of active GLP-1 in rats suggests that they could be effective as satiating agents. Wistar rats were used to study the effects of proanthocyanidins on food intake with different doses, administration times and proanthocyanidin extract compositions. A dose of 423 mg of phenolics per kg body weight (BW) of grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) was necessary to decrease the 12-hour cumulative food intake by 18.7 ± 3.4%. Proanthocyanidins were effective when delivered directly into the gastrointestinal tract one hour before, or simultaneously at the start of the feeding period. Proanthocyanidins without galloyl forms, such as those from cocoa extract, were not as effective as grape-seed derived forms. GSPE increased the portal levels of active GLP-1 and total ghrelin and decreased the CCK levels, simultaneously with a decrease in gastric emptying. In conclusion, grape-seed proanthocyanidins could be useful as a satiating agent under the conditions defined in this study.
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Àngela
authors.initials: À
authors.lastname: Casanova-Martí
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gil-Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Blay
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Terra
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinent
authors.affiliation: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, c/Marcel lí Domingo no. 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. montserrat.pinent@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ardévol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin