title: GLI1 expression is an important prognostic factor that contributes to the poor prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma.
abstract: The GLI1 and MDM2 genes are amplified or exhibit copy number gains in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Here, we used immunohistochemistry to determine the relationships between GLI1 and MDM2 protein expression and several clinicopathological variables of RMS. GLI1 and MDM2-positivity rates were 61.36% and 13.64%, respectively. GLI1 expression correlated with presence of the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion gene (P=0.040) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.034), and a significant association was found between GLI1 expression and overall survival (OS) (P=0.008). However, there was no association between MDM2 expression and any of the clinicopathological parameters or OS. Thus, GLI1 may be a biomarker of poor prognosis in RMS patients, and could itself be a therapeutic target. This contrasts with the apparent lack of clinical importance of MDM2 in RMS pathology, at least in the cohorts we examined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang and Department of Medical Oncology, Shanxi Province People's Hospital, Xian, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Jinfang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yuwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Bingcheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Yunzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China. liuliu2239@sina.com.
authors.forename: Chunxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi, Xinjiang and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China. lifeng7855@126.com.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C400551:GLI1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2