title: Psychometric Properties of a Self-Report Instrument for the Assessment of Tic Severity in Adults With Tic Disorders.
abstract: The gold-standard measure of tic severity in tic disorders (TD), the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), is a semistructured clinician-administered interview that can be time consuming and requires highly trained interviewers. Moreover, the YGTSS does not provide information regarding frequency and intensity of specific tics because all motor and all vocal tics are rated as a group. The aim of the present study is to describe and test the Adult Tic Questionnaire (ATQ), a measure for the assessment of tic severity in adults, and to report its preliminary psychometric properties. The ATQ is a brief self-report questionnaire that provides information regarding frequency, intensity, and severity of 27 specific tics. In addition, the ATQ produces total frequency, intensity, and severity scores for vocal and motor tics, as well as a global total tic severity score. Results showed that the ATQ demonstrated very good internal consistency and temporal stability. The total, vocal, and motor tic severity scales of the ATQ showed strong correlation with corresponding subscales of the YGTSS, indicating strong convergent validity. Weak correlations with measures of severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, indicated strong discriminant validity. The ATQ, a promising measure for the assessment of tic severity in adults with TD, may be a valuable supplement to the current recommended assessment battery for TD. Furthermore, the ATQ enables clinicians and researchers to track changes in the frequency and intensity of specific tics, which is important given their complex and dynamic nature.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Texas State University. Electronic address: abramovitch@txstate.edu.
authors.forename: Amitai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abramovitch
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Bowdoin College.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.affiliation: Texas A&M University.
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
authors.forename: Thilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deckersbach
authors.affiliation: University of California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.affiliation: Yale University; Emory University.
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scahill
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Tourette’s disorder; Tourette’s syndrome; adults; chronic tic disorder; persistent tic disorder; questionnaire