title: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Different Management Strategies for Detection CIN2+ of Women with Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASC-US) Pap Smear in Thailand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To identify the optimal cost effective strategy for the management of women having ASC-US who attended at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KMCH).
  
  
  METHODS
  An Economical Analysis based on a retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The women who were referred to the gynecological department due to screening result of ASC-US at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, a general and tertiary referral center in Bangkok Thailand, from Jan 2008 - Dec 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  A decision tree-based was constructed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of three follow up strategies in the management of ASC-US results: repeat cytology, triage with HPV testing and immediate colposcopy. Each ASC-US woman made the decision of each strategy after receiving all details about this algorithm, advantages and disadvantages of each strategy from a doctor. The model compared the incremental costs per case of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) detected as measured by incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the provider's perspective, immediate colposcopy is the least costly strategy and also the most effective option among the three follow up strategies. Compared with HPV triage, repeat cytology triage is less costly than HPV triage, whereas the latter provides a more effective option at an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 56,048 Baht per additional case of CIN 2+ detected. From the patient's perspective, the least costly and least effective is repeat cytology triage. Repeat colposcopy has an incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) of 2,500 Baht per additional case of CIN2+ detected when compared to colposcopy. From the sensitivity analysis, immediate colposcopy triage is no longer cost effective when the cost exceeds 2,250 Baht or the cost of cytology is less than 50 Baht (1USD = 31.58 THB).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women with ASC-US cytology, colposcopy is more cost-effective than repeat cytology or triage with HPV testing for both provider and patient perspectives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand E-mail : ttanitra@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tanitra
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tantitamit
authors.forename: Wichai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Termrungruanglert
authors.forename: Shina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oranratanaphan
authors.forename: Somchai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niruthisard
authors.forename: Patuou
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tanbirojn
authors.forename: Piyalamporn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Havanond
mesh_terms: D065309:Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix / Q000473:pathology*; D003127:Colposcopy / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003663:Decision Trees; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D065006:Papanicolaou Test / Q000191:economics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013785:Thailand; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000191:economics*; D014773:Virology / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000473:pathology*