title: Calcium signaling in membrane repair.
abstract: Resealing allows cells to mend damaged membranes rapidly when plasma membrane (PM) disruptions occur. Models of PM repair mechanisms include the "lipid-patch", "endocytic removal", and "macro-vesicle shedding" models, all of which postulate a dependence on local increases in intracellular Ca(2+) at injury sites. Multiple calcium sensors, including synaptotagmin (Syt) VII, dysferlin, and apoptosis-linked gene-2 (ALG-2), are involved in PM resealing, suggesting that Ca(2+) may regulate multiple steps of the repair process. Although earlier studies focused exclusively on external Ca(2+), recent studies suggest that Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores may also be important for PM resealing. Hence, depending on injury size and the type of injury, multiple sources of Ca(2+) may be recruited to trigger and orchestrate repair processes. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which the resealing process is promoted by vesicular Ca(2+) channels and Ca(2+) sensors that accumulate at damage sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: xiping.cheng@regeneron.com.
authors.forename: Xiping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: haoxingx@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Haoxing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D005089:Exocytosis; D006801:Humans; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000502:physiology; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels
keywords: Ca(2+); Calcium sensor; Lysosomal exocytosis; Membrane repair; TRPML1