title: Nutritional status of iron, vitamin B12, folate, retinol and anemia in children 1 to 11 years old: Results of the Ensanut 2012.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the frequency of anemia, iron, vitamin B12, folate, retinol and predictors of anemia among Mexican children from Ensanut 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hemoglobin, ferritin, CRP, vitamin B12, retinol and folate concentrations were measured in 2 678 children aged 1-4 y and 4 275 children aged 5-11 y. Adjusted logistic regression models were constructed to assess the risk for anemia and micronutrient deficiencies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In preschoolers and scholars, the overall prevalence of anemia was 20.4 and 9.7%, iron deficiency 14 and 9.3%, low vitamin B12 (LB12S) 1.9 and 2.6%; Folate 0.30 and 0%, and retinol depletion (VADp) 15.7 and 2.3%, respectively. ID and VADp were negatively associated with Hb (coefficient: -0.38 and -0.45, p<0.05); a higher log-CRP was associated with higher risk for anemia and VADp (OR=1.13 and OR=2.1, p<0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iron deficiency, anemia and VADp are some of the main nutritional problems among Mexican infants.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villalpando
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Vanessa de la
authors.initials: Vde L
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shamah-Levy
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rebollar
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Contreras-Manzano
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood; D005494:Folic Acid Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D014801:Vitamin A; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005293:Ferritins; D005492:Folic Acid; D007501:Iron; D014805:Vitamin B 12