title: Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii serodiagnosis in human immunodeficiency virus carriers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii belong to the Sarcocystidae family, and both have one definitive and various intermediary hosts. Owing to their weak immune systems, immunocompromised persons might be prone to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti- N. caninum and anti- T. gondii antibodies in immunocompromised individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study investigated the rates of N. caninum and T. gondii , as assessed using immunofluorescent antibody reaction (IFAT) with 1:50 and 1:16 dilution, respectively, in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The seropositivity for N. caninum was 26.1% (81/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 31.2% (10/32) in Paraná and for T. gondii was 76.8% (238/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 68.7% (22/32) in Paraná.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is evidence of anti- N caninum and anti- T. gondii antibodies in patients with HIV. Other aspects of T. gondii , which is a zoonosis, and N. caninum , which might affect immunodeficient individuals, need to be evaluated and reported.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandra Marla
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Oshiro
authors.affiliation: Curso de Farmácia Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Rita Coimbra
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Motta-Castro
authors.affiliation: Curso de Farmácia Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Solange Zacalusni
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Casquero
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosangela Locatelli
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Dittrich
authors.affiliation: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa Christine Ferreira
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Meirelles
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Sanidade Animal, Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andreotti
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology*; D000328:Adult; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018688:Neospora / Q000276:immunology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan