title: Integrating knowledge of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis for the design of better vaccines.
abstract: Today, tuberculosis (TB) still remains one of the main global causes of mortality and morbidity, and an effective vaccine against both TB disease and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is essential to reach the updated post-2015 Millennium development goal of eradicating TB by 2050. During the last two decades much knowledge has accumulated on the pathogenesis of TB and the immune responses to infection by M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, many vaccine candidates are under development, and close to 20 of them have entered clinical assessment at various levels. Nevertheless, the M. tuberculosis-host interaction is very complex, and the full complexity of this interaction is still not sufficiently well understood to develop novel, rationally designed vaccines. However, some of the recent knowledge is now integrated into the design of various types of vaccine candidates to be used either as pre-exposure, as post-exposure or as therapeutic vaccines, as will be discussed in this paper.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity , Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) , Brussels , Belgium.|b Immunobiology Clinic, Hôpital Erasme , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mascart
authors.affiliation: c Univ.Lille , U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille , F-59000 Lille , France.|d CNRS , UMR8204 , F-59000 Lille , France.|e Inserm , U1019 , F-59000 Lille , France.|f CHU Lille , F-59000 , Lille , France.|g Institut Pasteur de Lille , F-59000 , Lille , France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Locht
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015195:Drug Design; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D016207:Cytokines; C549320:MVA 85A; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit
keywords: latency; post-exposure vaccine; pre-exposure vaccine; therapeutic vaccine; tuberculosis