title: Profiling of Cytokines Secreted by Conventional Aqueous Outflow Pathway Endothelial Cells Activated In Vitro and Ex Vivo With Laser Irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To profile which cytokine genes are differentially expressed (DE) as up- or downregulated by cultured human trabecular meshwork (TMEs) and Schlemm's canal endothelial cells (SCEs) after three experimental treatments consisting of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) irradiation, exposure to media conditioned either by SLT-irradiated TMEs (TME-cm) or by SCEs (SCE-cm). Also, to profile which cytokines are upregulated ex vivo in SLT-irradiated human conventional aqueous outflow pathway (CAOP) tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  After each treatment, Affymetrix microarray assays were used to detect upregulated and downregulated genes for cytokines and their receptors in TMEs and SCEs. ELISA and protein antibody arrays were used to detect upregulated cytokines secreted in SLT-irradiated CAOP tissues ex vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SLT irradiation upregulated numerous cytokine genes in TMEs, but only a few in SCEs. Exposure to TME- and SCE-cm induced SCEs to upregulate many more cytokine genes than TMEs. Selective laser trabeculoplasty irradiation and exposure to TME-cm downregulated several cytokine genes in TMEs but none in SCEs. Selective laser trabeculoplasty irradiation induced one upregulated and three downregulated cytokine-receptor genes in TMEs but none in SCEs. Exposure to TME-cm induced upregulation of one and downregulation of another receptor gene in TMEs, whereas two unique cytokine-receptor genes were upregulated in SCEs. Cytokine protein expression analysis showed that at least eight cytokines were upregulated in SLT-irradiated human CAOP tissues in situ/ex vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has helped us identify a cytokine signaling pathway and to consider newly identified mechanisms regulating aqueous outflow that may lay the foundation for the future development of cytokine-based glaucoma therapies.
authors.affiliation: Beckman Vision Center Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Beckman Vision Center Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
authors.forename: Phuonglan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.affiliation: Beckman Vision Center Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Beckman Vision Center Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Juster
authors.affiliation: Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Amde Selassie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shifera
authors.affiliation: Beckman Vision Center Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geske
mesh_terms: D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines