title: Vaginal excision of the sub-urethral sling: analysis of indications, safety and outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sling techniques are the method of choice in stress urinary incontinence management, despite the high rates of complications leading sometimes to the necessity of re-operation, and the tape transection and resection are of the greatest importance. The study was aimed at analyzing the indications, technique and effects of transvaginal tape excision.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study including 100 patients who underwent surgical removal of the sub-urethral sling in Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hagen-Haspe was conducted. The analyzed measures were: sling type, onset of symptoms, rates of particular complications, safety and outcome of the operative procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most complications occurred in the first 2 years after surgery. The most common indications for re-operation were: overactive bladder (OAB) (64%), persistent stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (59%), pain (40%), urinary retention (40%), and erosion (29%). Some of the complications co-existed (i.e. vaginal erosion with postoperative pain, infections with urinary retention). During the procedure 1 bladder was injured and 1 patient had a hematoma. In women with OAB, 24-hour frequency decreased from 13.3 to 8.5 (p < 0.001), the mean voiding volume increased from 131.7 to 216.4 ml (p < 0.001), and nocturia increased from 3.28 to 1.19 (p < 0.001). Intensity of urgency decreased from 8.78 to 0.92 in the 10-point visual score (p < 0.001). Pain and urinary retention resolved in 39 out of 40 patients (p < 0.0001). The rate of SUI increased from 59% to 83% (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sling removal is safe and associated with a minimal rate of complications. Removing the tape causes resolution of most of the complications, but SUI recurs or worsens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hagen-Haspe, Hagen, Gemany.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabian
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hagen-Haspe, Hagen, Gemany.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kociszewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hagen-Haspe, Hagen, Gemany.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuszka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hagen-Haspe, Hagen, Gemany.
authors.forename: Margarethe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fabian
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hagen-Haspe, Hagen, Gemany.
authors.forename: Susane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grothey
authors.affiliation: I Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zwierzchowska
authors.affiliation: I Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Majkusiak
authors.affiliation: I Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barcz
keywords: complications; sling; stress urinary incontinence treatment