title: Oxidative stress is associated with weight gain in recipients at 12-months following kidney transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Weight gain after kidney transplantation (Tx) is considered a risk factor for poor outcomes. Increased oxidative stress is associated with not only chronic renal disease and Tx, but also obesity and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this pilot study was to test whether oxidative stress is related to weight gain at 12-months after kidney Tx and to obtain preliminary insight into potential mechanisms involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recipients (n=33) were classified into two groups; weight loss and weight gain, based on their weight changes at 12-months post-transplant. Total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were measured to evaluate oxidative stress from plasma at baseline and 12-months. A secondary data analysis was conducted to identify potential gene regulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen recipients lost (-6.63±5.52kg), and sixteen recipients gained weight (8.94±6.18kg). TAOC was significantly decreased at 12-months compared to baseline for the total group, however, there was no significant difference between groups at either time point. TBARS was higher in weight gain group, at both time points, and it was significantly higher at 12-months (p=0.012). Gene expression profiling analysis showed that 7 transcripts annotated to reactive oxygen species related genes in adipose tissue were expressed significantly lower in weight gain group at baseline, which might be a negative feedback mechanism to reduce oxidative stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results may indicate that elevated oxidative stress (TBARS) is associated with weight gain after kidney Tx and that incorporating early clinical prevention strategies known to decrease oxidative stress could be recommended.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 3 Center Drive, Building 3, Room 5E26, Bethesda, MD 20892-2178, USA. Electronic address: young-eun.cho@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Young-Eun
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 3 Center Drive, Building 3, Room 5E26, Bethesda, MD 20892-2178, USA. Electronic address: kimhy@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Hyung-Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 3 Center Drive, Building 3, Room 5E26, Bethesda, MD 20892-2178, USA. Electronic address: laichi@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, 440 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Electronic address: stanfill@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Ansley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stanfill
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 3 Center Drive, Building 3, Room 5E26, Bethesda, MD 20892-2178, USA. Electronic address: ann.cashion@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cashion
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Kidney transplantation; Oxidative stress; Weight gain