title: Pediatric Renal Biopsies in India: A Single-Centre Experience of Six Years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal biopsy is a well-established diagnostic modality for the assessment of kidney diseases in children. It can provide diagnostic precision and prognostic value and guide in therapeutic options for many renal diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This report describes the indication, histopathological patterns, and epidemiology of renal diseases in children in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a single-center study on renal biopsies performed between January 2008 and December 2013 in 346 children (age ≤ 14 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven (3.17%) biopsies were inadequate, and 335 biopsies were considered for analysis. The mean age was 7.91 ± 3.04 years with a predominance of males (68.1%). Nephrotic syndrome (46.2%) was the most common indication, followed by urinary abnormality (41.19%), acute nephritic syndrome (10.74%), and chronic renal failure (1.79 %). Primary glomerulonephritis (GN) was predominant (81.79%), and secondary GN constituted 16.12% of the biopsies. Primary GN included mesangial proliferative GN (MePGN), IgM nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change disease, IgA nephropathy, membranoproliferative GN, membranous nephropathy, crescentic GN, and post-infectious GN. Secondary GN revealed lupus nephritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, amyloidosis, and hypertensive nephropathy. Tubulointerstitial nephritis was observed in 2.08%. The most common histological pattern of primary GN was MePGN (20%) and in secondary GN it was lupus nephritis (7.76%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study provides data on the epidemiology of renal diseases in children in India and will be helpful for developing a national registry and devising therapeutic guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Kamal V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kanodia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Aruna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vanikar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Lovelesh K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Nigam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Rashmi D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Kamlesh S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Suthar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine and Director, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Gera
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine and Director, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, India.
authors.forename: Hargovind L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Trivedi
keywords: Epidemiology; Glomerulonephritis; Nephropathy; Pediatric Renal Biopsy