title: Proteomic Changes of Tissue-Tolerable Plasma Treated Airway Epithelial Cells and Their Relation to Wound Healing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The worldwide increasing number of patients suffering from nonhealing wounds requires the development of new safe strategies for wound repair. Recent studies suggest the possibility of nonthermal (cold) plasma application for the acceleration of wound closure.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro wound healing model with upper airway S9 epithelial cells was established to determine the macroscopically optimal dosage of tissue-tolerable plasma (TTP) for wound regeneration, while a 2D-difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) approach was used to quantify the proteomic changes in a hypothesis-free manner and to evaluate the balance of beneficial and adverse effects due to TTP application.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma doses from 30 s up to 360 s were tested in relation to wound closure after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h, in which lower doses (30, 60, and 120 s) resulted in dose-dependent improved wound healing rate compared to untreated cells. Thereby, the 120 s dose caused significantly the best wound healing properties after 96 and 120 h. The proteome analysis combined with IPA revealed that a lot of affected stress adaptation responses are linked to oxidative stress response emphasizing oxidative stress as a possible key event in the regeneration process of epithelial cells as well as in the adaptation to plasma exposure. Further cellular and molecular functions like proliferation and apoptosis were significantly up- or downregulated by all TTP treatments but mostly by the 120 s dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the first time, we were able to show plasma effects on cellular adaptation of upper airway epithelial S9 cells improving wound healing. This is of particular interest for plasma application, for example, in the surgery field of otorhinolaryngology or internal medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Derik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lendeckel
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eymann
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Emicke
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daeschlein
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Darm
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Neil
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Achim G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Beule
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: von Woedtke
authors.affiliation: Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Völker
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus-Dieter
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Weltmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jünger
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hosemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scharf
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D040901:Proteomics; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D058626:Plasma Gases; D020543:Proteome