title: Practical Incidence and Risk Factors of Terson's Syndrome: A Retrospective Analysis in 322 Consecutive Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Terson's syndrome, a complication of visual function, has occasionally been reported in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however the factors responsible for Terson's syndrome in aneurysmal SAH patients have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we report on potential risk factors for prediction and diagnosis of Terson's syndrome in the earlier stage of the disease course in patients with aneurysmal SAH.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 322 consecutive patients who suffered from aneurysmal SAH in a single institution between Jan. 2007 and Dec. 2013. Medical records including demographics, neurologic examination, and radiologic images were collected to clarify the risk factors of Terson's syndrome. Patients with visual problem were consulted to the Department of Ophthalmology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 332 patients with aneurysmal SAH, 34 patients were diagnosed as Terson's syndrome. Four individual factors, including World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade at admission, aneurysm size, method of operation, and Glasgow outcome scale showed statistically significant association with occurrence of Terson's syndrome. Of these, WFNS grade at admission, aneurysm size, and method of operation showed strong association with Terson's syndrome in multivariate analysis. Terson's syndrome accompanied by papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure led to permanent visual complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with aneurysmal SAH, the patients' WFNS grade at admission, the size of the aneurysms, particularly the diameter of the aneurysm dome, and the method of operation might influence development of Terson's syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Gun-Ill
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Sun
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Hoon
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Byoun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeong-Joong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Ro
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Aneurysm; Incidence; Risk factors; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Vitreous hemorrhage