title: Neural mediator of the schizotypy-antisocial behavior relationship.
abstract: Prior studies have established that schizotypal personality traits (schizotypy) were associated with antisocial behavior (crime), but it is unclear what neural factors mediate this relationship. This study assessed the mediating effect that sub-regional prefrontal gray, specifically the orbitofrontal gray matter volume, has on the schizotypy-antisocial behavior relationship. Five prefrontal sub-regional (superior, middle, inferior, orbitofrontal and rectal gyral) gray matter volumes were assessed using structural magnetic resonance imaging in 90 adults from the community, together with schizotypy and antisocial behavior. Among all five prefrontal sub-regions, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was the major region-of-interest in the present study. Mediation analyses showed that orbitofrontal gray fully mediated the association between schizotypy and antisocial behavior. After having controlled the sex, age, socio-economic statuses, whole brain volumes and substance abuse/dependence of test subjects, the orbitofrontal gray still significantly mediated the effect of schizotypy on antisocial behavior by 53.5%. These findings are the first that document a neural mediator of the schizotypy-antisocial behavior relationship. Findings also suggest that functions subserved by the OFC, including impulse control and inhibition, emotion processing and decision-making, may contribute to the above comorbidity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: B Y H
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospitals Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Criminology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.|Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raine
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.|The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.|Institute of Clinical Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.|Laboratory of Cognitive Affective Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: T M C
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult