title: Detection and discrimination of two Brucella species by multiplex real-time PCR and high-resolution melt analysis curve from human blood and comparison of results using RFLP.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rapid and accurate detection of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis from clinical samples is so important because antibiotic treatment has major side effects. This study reveals a new method in detection of clinical samples of brucellosis using real-time PCR and high-resolution melt (HRM) curve analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  160 brucellosis suspicious samples with more than 1/80 serum antibody titers were collected and the results were compared with the RFLP method. In order to amplify the sequences for HRM analysis, vdcc, int-hyp and glk and for RFLP, omp2a and omp2b with PstI and Hinf1 restriction endonuclease were used. At last, the accuracy and specificity of the two methods were compared with each other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of these 160 samples, multiplex real time PCR showed 108 positive samples (67.5%), including 56% B. melitensis and 44% B. abortus; whereas in PCR-RFLP 52 out of 160 samples were positive, where recognition of two species were accordant with HRM analysis, separation was based on the size of the amplified fragment. Using the designed primers and performing the assay, we confirmed this method to be much faster and have lower cost with more than 99% accuracy compared to methods such as RFLP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that this technique, which scans gene segments and creates an analysis pattern for detection of clinical samples, is useful and more dominant compared with PCR-RFLP. Thus, this method can be used for brucellosis detection, and clinical and epidemiological research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahhab
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Piranfar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Malike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Vahdati
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mirnejad
keywords: Brucella; High-resolution melt analysis; Multiplex PCR; RFLP