title: Sedentary behavior is associated with impaired biomarkers in claudicants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Time spent in sedentary behavior has been associated with worse inflammation and cardiometabolic biomarkers in various populations. However, the association between time spent in sedentary behavior and biomarkers remains unknown in patients with intermittent claudication. The aim of the current study was to analyze the relationship between sedentary behavior and inflammatory and cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included 297 patients with intermittent claudication. Sedentary behavior was assessed using a step activity monitor. Biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid profile, insulin resistance, and endogenous fibrinolysis were assessed. Demographic data, body mass index, physical activity status, and measures of severity of PAD (ankle-brachial index, peak walking time, and ischemic window) also were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Time spent in sedentary behavior was related with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (b = 0.187; P = .005), glucose (b = 0.238; P < .001), fibrinogen (b = 0.167; P = .017), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity (b = 0.143; P = .036), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (b = -0.133; P = .029). After adjustment for sex, age, physical activity status, body mass index, and severity of PAD, sedentary behavior remained related with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (b = 0.170; P = .015), glucose (b = 0.178; P = .004), fibrinogen (b = 0.189; P = .010), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (b = -0.128; P = .032).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Time spent in sedentary activities was associated with worse inflammatory and cardiometabolic profile in patients with intermittent claudication.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno Q
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Farah
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raphael M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ritti-Dias
authors.affiliation: Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Okla.
authors.forename: Polly S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Okla.
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Casanegra
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Okla.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Silva-Palacios
authors.affiliation: Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Okla. Electronic address: andrew-gardner@ouhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy / Q000295:instrumentation; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids