title: Effects of Aerobic Step Combined with Resistance Training on Biochemical Bone Markers, Health-Related Physical Fitness and Balance in Working Women.
abstract: The objectives of this research were to develop an aerobic step combined with resistance training exercise program, and to compare the effects of A) aerobic step exercise training (STE), B) resistance aerobic exercise training (RES), C) a combined aerobic step with resistance exercise training (COM) on the health-related fitness, balance, and biochemical bone markers. Sixty participants were working female volunteers at the age of 35-45. They were divided into 4 groups by simple random sampling method. Fifteen of the participants were in the STE group, 14 in the RES group, 15 in the COM group, and 16 in the control group (CON). The STE, RES and COM exercise training programs were designed to yield the same intensity and achieve the same range of heart rate during each stage of the program. During the training, music was used to set the tempo of the workouts. At the 8th week, it was found that resting heart rate and systolic blood pressure significantly-increased only in the STE and COM groups. After 16 weeks, the experiment results showed the significant improvement in the COM and STE groups of exercise training for β-CrossLaps, P1NP NMID Osteocalcin and bone formation (PINP/β-CrossLaps x0.31) but not in the RES group. For balance ability, the COM group showed significantly greater change than the RES group after the training intervention (p < 0.05). It can thus be concluded that the STE and COM training were effective in improving bone formation (PINP/β-CrossLaps x 0.31) but not in the RES group. For balance ability, the COM group showed more significant change than the RES group. Therefore, this is not only a good exercise choice for the working-age people but also it can help reduce the risks of osteoporosis and falling in women in particular.
authors.forename: Achariya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anek
authors.forename: Vijit
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kanungsukasem
authors.forename: Narong
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bunyaratavej
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003094:Collagen / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D004856:Postural Balance; D011347:Procollagen / Q000097:blood; D055070:Resistance Training; D014931:Women, Working
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011347:Procollagen; C110762:glutamyl-lysyl-alanyl-histidyl-aspartyl-glycyl-glycyl-arginine; C047202:procollagen Type I N-terminal peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen