title: A new method of wound treatment: targeted therapy of skin wounds with reactive oxygen species-responsive nanoparticles containing SDF-1α.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To accelerate wound healing through promoting vascularization by using reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanoparticles loaded with stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α).
  
  
  METHODS
  The ROS-reactive nanomaterial poly-(1,4-phenyleneacetone dimethylene thioketal) was synthesized, and its physical and chemical properties were characterized. ROS-responsive nanoparticles containing SDF-1α were prepared through a multiple emulsion solvent evaporation method. The loading capacity, stability, activity of the encapsulated protein, toxicity, and in vivo distribution of these nanoparticles were determined. These nanoparticles were administered by intravenous infusion to mice with full-thickness skin defects to study their effects on the directed chemotaxis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, wound vascularization, and wound healing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The synthesized ROS-reactive organic polymer poly-(1,4-phenyleneacetone dimethylene thioketal) possessed a molecular weight of approximately 11.5 kDa with a dispersity of 1.97. ROS-responsive nanoparticles containing SDF-1α were prepared with an average diameter of 110 nm and a drug loading capacity of 1.8%. The encapsulation process showed minimal effects on the activity of SDF-1α, and it could be effectively released from the nanoparticles in the presence of ROS. Encapsulated SDF-1α could exist for a long time in blood. In mice with full-thickness skin defects, SDF-1α was effectively released and targeted to the wounds, thus promoting the chemotaxis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells toward the wound and its periphery, inducing wound vascularization, and accelerating wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shi-zhao
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying-ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhong-shan
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shi-chu
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guang-Yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn Surgery, The Second Military Medical University Affiliated Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Fan
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D065546:Drug Liberation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; reactive oxygen species; stromal cell-derived factor-1α; wound healing