title: Point-of-service, quantitative analysis of ascorbic acid in aqueous humor for evaluating anterior globe integrity.
abstract: Limited training, high cost, and low equipment mobility leads to inaccuracies in decision making and is concerning with serious ocular injuries such as suspected ruptured globe or post-operative infections. Here, we present a novel point-of-service (POS) quantitative ascorbic acid (AA) assay with use of the OcuCheck Biosensor. The present work describes the development and clinical testing of the paper-based biosensor that measures the changes in electrical resistance of the enzyme-plated interdigitated electrodes to quantify the level of AA present in ocular fluid. We have demonstrated the proof-of-concept of the biosensor testing 16 clinical samples collected from aqueous humor of patients undergoing therapeutic anterior chamber paracentesis. Comparing with gold standard colorimetric assay for AA concentration, OcuCheck showed accuracy of >80%, sensitivity of >88% and specificity of >71%. At present, there are no FDA-approved POS tests that can directly measures AA concentration levels in ocular fluid. We envisage that the device can be realized as a handheld, battery powered instrument that will have high impact on glaucoma care and point-of-care diagnostics of penetrating ocular globe injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, USA.|Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
authors.forename: Manas R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gartia
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Santosh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwartz-Duval
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Plucinski
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
authors.forename: Xiangfei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Research Park, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kellner
authors.affiliation: Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, USA.|Department of Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana IL, USA.
authors.forename: Leanne T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Labriola
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.|Carle Foundation Hospital, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Dipanjan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019152:Paracentesis; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D011137:Polystyrenes; C509855:poly(styrene-b-acrylic acid); D006108:Graphite; D001205:Ascorbic Acid