title: Functional correlates of military sexual assault in male veterans.
abstract: Despite research findings that similar numbers of male and female veterans are affected by military sexual trauma (MST), there has been considerably less research on the effects of MST specific to male veterans. The aim of the present study was to provide preliminary data describing functional correlates of military sexual assault (MSA) among male Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans to identify potential health care needs for this population. We evaluated the following functional correlates: posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depression symptoms, alcohol use, drug use, suicidality, social support, violent behavior in the past 30 days, incarceration, disability eligibility status, and use of outpatient mental health treatment. We compared 3 groups: (a) male veterans who endorsed a history of MSA (n = 39), (b) a general non-MSA sample (n = 2,003), and (c) a matched non-MSA sample (n = 39) identified by matching algorithms on the basis of factors (e.g., age, education, adult premilitary sexual trauma history, childhood sexual and physical trauma history, and race) that could increase veterans' vulnerability to the functional correlates examined. MSA in men was associated with greater PTSD symptom severity, greater depression symptom severity, higher suicidality, and higher outpatient mental health treatment, above and beyond the effects of vulnerability factors. These findings suggest that, for male veterans, MSA may result in a severe and enduring overall symptom profile requiring ongoing clinical management.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research.
authors.forename: Amie R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Schry
authors.affiliation: Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hibberd
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research.
authors.forename: H Ryan
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System.
authors.forename: Jessica A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Turchik
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research.
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kimbrel
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research.
authors.forename: Madrianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research.
authors.forename: Eric E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Elbogen
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, and Mental Health Services.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research.
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brancu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*