title: [Validation of questionnaires to assess quality of life related to fecal incontinence in children with anorectal malformations and Hirschsprung's disease].
abstract: Surgical treatment of anorectal malformations (ARMs) and Hirschsprung's disease (HD) leads to alterations in bowel habits and fecal incontinence, with consequent quality of life impairment. The objectives were to create and validate a Questionnaire for the Fecal Incontinence Index (FII) based on the Holschneider score, as well as a Questionnaire for the Assessment of Quality of Life Related to Fecal Incontinence in Children and Adolescents (QQVCFCA), based on the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life.
  
  
  
  The questionnaires were applied to 71 children submitted to surgical procedure, in two stages. Validity was tested by comparing the QQVCFCA and a generic quality of life questionnaire (SF-36), and between QQVCFCA and the FII. A group of 59 normal children was used as control.
  
  
  
  At two stages, 45.0% (32/71) and 42.8% (21/49) of the patients had fecal incontinence. It was observed that the QQVCFCA showed a significant correlation with the SF-36 and FII (Pearson's correlation 0.57), showing that the quality of life is directly proportional to improvement in fecal incontinence. Quality of life in patients with fecal incontinence is still globally impaired, when compared with control subjects (p<0.05, Student's t test). There were also significant differences between the results of children with ARMs and children with HD.
  
  
  
  QQVCFCA and FII are useful tools to assess the quality of life and fecal incontinence in these groups of children. Children with ARMs submitted to surgical procedure and HD have similar quality of life impairment.
authors.affiliation: Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Arthur Loguetti
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mathias
authors.affiliation: Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina Aoun
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Tannuri
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Mariana Aparecida Elisei
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Mercês
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: uenist@usp.br.
authors.forename: Uenis
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tannuri
mesh_terms: D000071056:Anorectal Malformations / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D006627:Hirschsprung Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescentes; Adolescents; Anomalias do sistema digestivo; Children; Crianças; Digestive system abnormalities; Doença de Hirschsprung; Hirschsprung's disease; Qualidade de vida; Quality of life; Questionnaire; Questionário