title: Triolein Emulsion Infusion Into the Carotid Artery Increases Brain Permeability to Anticancer Agents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Triolein emulsion infusion into the carotid artery has been reported to induce temporary and reversible opening of the blood-brain barrier by increasing vascular permeability.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of triolein emulsion infusion on brain permeance by anticancer agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the doxorubicin study. 2.4 mg/kg doxorubicin was injected immediately after triolein emulsion (1%, 1.5%, and 2%) infusion into rabbit carotid arteries. Two hours later, bilateral hemispheres and eyeballs were harvested, and doxorubicin concentrations were measured fluorometrically. Doxorubicin ratios of ipsilateral/contralateral hemispheres were compared with those of doxorubicin controls by use of the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test. In the cisplatin study, 10 mg/kg cisplatin was injected immediately after 2% triolein emulsion infusion into rat carotid arteries. Ipsilateral hemispheres were harvested 2, 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours after treatment. Time-dependent cisplatin concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Doxorubicin concentrations were significantly higher in ipsilateral hemispheres and eyeballs in all 3 triolein treatment groups than in doxorubicin controls. In the cisplatin study, cisplatin concentrations in the ipsilateral hemispheres peaked at 6 hours after infusion of cisplatin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain permeance to anticancer agents was increased by triolein emulsion infusion, which suggests that triolein infusion might be a useful adjuvant treatment for brain tumors.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, South Korea;‡Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea;§Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hak Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong-Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seon Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byung Mann
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bandu
authors.forename: Hyun Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Kwang Pyo
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D060433:Administration, Ophthalmic; D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004655:Emulsions; D005470:Fluorometry; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011817:Rabbits; D014304:Triolein / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D014304:Triolein; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin