title: Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders in an Adult Brazilian Community Population Using the Research Diagnostic Criteria (Axes I and II) for Temporomandibular Disorders (The Maringá Study).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and comorbid factors (sleep bruxism and headaches). This study was a cross-sectional population survey in the city of Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Axes I and II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) were used for assessment of TMD signs and symptoms. The population was users of the Brazilian public health system (SUS), of both sexes, between the ages of 20 and 65 years, and not seeking treatment for TMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The selected population (N = 1,643) was composed mostly of (a) women (65.9%), (b) married or single individuals (90.6%), (c) Caucasians (70.1%), (d) individuals aged 32.7 ± 10.3 years, (e) individuals earning a medium income (75.1%), and (f) those who had completed a high school education or higher (79.9%). According to the chronic pain grade classification (CPG) in the RDC/TMD Axis II, 36.2% of the population had some degree of TMD pain (CPG I to IV); however, only 5.1% had severe limitation due to pain (CPG III or IV). In the RDC/TMD Axis I diagnoses, 29.5% presented with muscle disorders (group I), 7.9% with disk displacements (group II), and 39.1% with other joint disorders (group III). Headaches were present in 67.9% and awake and sleep bruxism in 30% and 33.4% of the population, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD was high in this population, but with low disability; however, the proportion of patients in need of treatment was much lower.
authors.forename: Patrícia Saram
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Progiante
authors.forename: Marcos Pascoal
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Pattussi
authors.forename: Herenia P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Suzana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goya
authors.forename: Patrícia Krieger
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Grossi
authors.forename: Márcio Lima
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Grossi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002012:Bruxism / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D020186:Sleep Bruxism / Q000453:epidemiology; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult