title: Loss of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Function on Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor in Mice Prenatally Exposed to LPS.
abstract: Parental microglial induced neuroinflammation, triggered by bacterial- or viral infections, can induce neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and autism to offspring in animal models. Recent investigations suggest that microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, provides a link between neurotransmission, immune cell activation, brain inflammation and neuronal dysfunction seen with the offspring. Relatively little is known about how reduction of brain inflammation and restoration of glial function are associated with diminution of brain degeneration and behavioral deficits in offspring. Increased mGluR5 expression and the long-lasting excitotoxic effects of the neurotoxin during brain development are associated with the glial dysfunctions. We investigated the relationship of mGluR5 and PBR and how they regulate glial function and inflammatory processes in mice prenatally exposed to LPS (120μg/kg, between gestational days 15 and 17), an inflammatory model of a psychiatric disorder. Using PET imaging, we showed that pharmacological activation of mGluR5 during 5 weeks reduced expression of classic inflammation marker PBR in many brain areas and that this molecular association was not present in LPS-exposed offspring. The post-mortem analysis revealed that the down regulation of PBR was mediated through activation of mGluR5 in astrocytes. In addition, we demonstrated that this interaction is defective in a mouse model of the psychiatric deficit offering a novel insight of mGluR5 involvement to brain related disorders and PBR related imaging studies. In conclusion, mGluR5 driven glutamatergic activity regulates astrocytic functions associated with PBR (cholesterol transport, neurosteroidogenesis, glial phenotype) during maturation and could be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring.
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Dany
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arsenault
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Coulombe
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Aijun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Chunyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kun-Eek
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kil
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ji-Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poutiainen
authors.affiliation: Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Anna-Liisa
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Brownell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000276:immunology*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C472365:3-((2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine; C494553:3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide; D001549:Benzamides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D013844:Thiazoles