title: Ultrasonographic findings of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus with a focus on cystic degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the ultrasonographic findings associated with low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten pathologically confirmed cases of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma at our institution from January 2007 to April 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent a preoperative transvaginal ultrasound. Two radiologists came to a consensus regarding the location, size, margin, and echogenicity of the tumor, as well as the presence of intratumoral cystic degeneration and its extent and configuration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma manifested as an intramural mass protruding into the endometrial cavity (n=6) or as a purely intramural mass (n=4). The maximal diameter of the lesion ranged from 4 to 9.1 cm (mean, 6.2 cm). The imaging features of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma were variable: six cases involved predominantly solid masses containing cystic degeneration, one was a predominantly unilocular cystic mass, two were ill-defined infiltrative solid masses, and one was a well-defined solid mass. Among the seven cases with internal cystic degeneration, five patients showed a multiseptated cystic area or a cystic area with multiple small clusters, while a unilocular cystic area within the tumor was found in two patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is associated with variable ultrasonographic findings with regard to the location, margin, and configuration of the lesion. Multiseptated cystic areas and multiple small areas of cystic degeneration are common.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ga Eun
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2479-6950
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1514-929X
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Nam
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2373-7024
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ahwon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2523-9531
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Keun Ho
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9005-7796
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mee-Ran
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4492-0768
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Endometrial stromal tumors; Sarcoma; Ultrasonography