title: Comparison of five pretreatments for the production of fermentable sugars obtained from Pinus pseudostrobus L. wood.
abstract: To benefit from the use of a waste product such as pine sawdust from a sawmill in Michoacán, Mexico, five different pretreatments for the production of reducing sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated (sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, steam explosion, organosolv and combined method nitric acid / sodium hydroxide). The main finding of the study was that the pretreatment with 6 % HNO3 and 1 % NaOH led to better yields than those obtained with sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid, steam explosion, and organosolv pretreatments. Also, HNO3 yields were maximized by the factorial method. With those results the maxima concentration of reducing sugar found was 97.83 ± 1.59, obtained after pretreatment with 7.5 % HNO3 at 120 °C for 30 minutes; followed by 1 % of NaOH at 90 °C for 30 minutes at pH 4.5 for 168 hours with a load enzyme of 25 FPU/g of total carbohydrates. Comparing the results obtained by the authors with those reported in the literature, the combined method was found to be suitable for use in the exploitation of sawdust.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera Edificio D y V1, CU, Universitaria Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Múgica S/N. Col. Felicitas de Río, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58040, México.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Farías-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Col. Nueva Vizcaya, Durango, Durango., C.P. 34080, México.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Edificio D y V1, CU, Universitaria Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Múgica S/N. Col. Felicitas de Río, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58040, México.
authors.forename: Agustín Jaime
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Castro-Montoya
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Edificio D y V1, CU, Universitaria Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Múgica S/N. Col. Felicitas de Río, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58040, México.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saucedo-Luna
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Carretera Nacional núm. 85, km 145, Linares, Nuevo León, C.P. 67700, México.
authors.forename: Artemio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrillo-Parra
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera Edificio D y V1, CU, Universitaria Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Múgica S/N. Col. Felicitas de Río, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58040, México.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: López-Albarrán
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera Edificio D y V1, CU, Universitaria Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Múgica S/N. Col. Felicitas de Río, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58040, México.
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pineda-Pimentel
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera Edificio D y V1, CU, Universitaria Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Múgica S/N. Col. Felicitas de Río, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58040, México.
authors.forename: José Guadalupe
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Rutiaga-Quiñones
keywords: Pinus pseudostrobus; acid hydrolysis; enzymatic hydrolysis; pine sawdust; pretreatments; reducing sugars