title: Incidence and Mortality of Bladder Cancer and their Relationship with Development in Asia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Over the past decade, bladder cancer was associated with a significant increase. Given the importance of the impact of socioeconomic status on the distribution of cancer incidence and mortality, and the need to information on these parameters for prevention planning, the aim of this study was to evaluate data for bladder cancer and their relationship with human development index (HDI) and its components in Asia in 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted based on data from the world data of cancer and the World Bank (including the HDI and its components). The incidence and mortality rates were drawn for Asian countries. To analyze data, correlation tests between incidence and death rates, and HDI and its components were employed with a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total incidence of 696,231 cases (68.7% in males and 31.3% in females, sex ratio of 2.19:1) and 524,465 deaths (67.0% in men and 32.9% in women, sex ratio was 2.03:1) were recorded in Asian countries in 2012. Correlation between HDI and standardized incidence rate was 0.241 overall (p=0.106), 0.236 in men (p=0.114) and -0.250 in women (p=0.094). Also between HDI and standardized mortality rate 0.025 (p=0.871) in men 0.118 (p=0.903) and in women 0.014 (p=0.927).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bladder cancer incidence is higher in developed countries, but the rate is declining, and in less developed and developing countries it is growing. There was no statistically significant correlation between the standardized incidence rate of bladder cancer and the HDI and its dimensions in Asia, except for the level of education.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail : alesaleh70@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pakzad
authors.forename: Abdollah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadian-Hafshejani
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammadian
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pakzad
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Safiri
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khazaei
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salehiniya
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*