title: Biological Role of Anti-aging Protein Klotho.
abstract: Klotho-deficient mice have accelerated aging phenotypes, whereas overexpression of Klotho in mice extends lifespan. Klotho is an anti-aging single-pass membrane protein predominantly produced in the kidney, with shedding of the amino-terminal extracellular domain into the systemic circulation. Circulating levels of soluble Klotho decrease with age, and the klotho gene is associated with increased risk of age-related diseases. The three forms of Klotho protein have distinct functions. Membrane Klotho forms a complex with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors, functions as an obligatory co-receptor for FGF23, which is involved in aging and the development of chronic diseases via regulation of P i and vitamin D metabolism. Secreted Klotho functions as a humoral factor with pleiotropic activities including regulation of oxidative stress, growth factor signaling, and ion homeostasis. Secreted Klotho is also involved in organ protection. The intracellular form of Klotho suppresses inflammation-mediated cellular senescence and mineral metabolism. Herein we provide a brief overview of the structure and function and recent research about Klotho.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea ; Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Sang
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea ; Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: In Deok
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology and Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea ; Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea ; Nuclear Receptor Research Consortium, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Kuy
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Cha
keywords: Age-related diseases; Aging; Klotho