title: [Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in centenarians].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Longevity is determined by genetic and external factors, such as nutritional, environmental, social, etc. Nevertheless, when living conditions are optimal, longevity is determined by genetic variations between individuals. In a same population, with relative genotypic homogeneity, subtle changes in the DNA sequence affecting a single nucleotide can be observed. These changes, called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are present in 1-5% of the population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 92 subjects were recruited, including 28 centenarians and 64 controls, in order to find SNP that maybe implicated in the extreme longevity, as in the centenarians. Blood samples were collected to isolate and amplify the DNA in order to perform the analysis of SPN by Axiom™ Genotyping of Affymetrix technology. Statistical analyses were performed using the Plink program and libraries SNPassoc and skatMeta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results show 12 mutations with a p<.001, where 5 of these (DACH1, LOC91948, BTB16, NFIL3 y HDAC4) have regulatory functions of the expressions of others genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, these results suggest that the genetic variation between centenarians and controls occurs in five genes that are involved in the regulation of gene expression to adapt to environmental changes better than controls.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gambini
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gimeno-Mallench
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universitat de València, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inglés
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olaso
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Kheira Mohamed
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Abdelaziz
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Avellana
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Belenguer
authors.affiliation: CIBERER - Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mas-Bargues
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borras
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat de València/INCLIVA, Valencia, España. Electronic address: jose.vina@uv.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viña
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008136:Longevity; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
keywords: Ageing; Centenarian; Centenarios; Envejecimiento; Extreme longevity; Longevidad; Longevidad extrema; Longevity