title: TREATMENT OF RETINOPATHY AND MACULAR EDEMA SECONDARY TO A CAROTID-CAVERNOUS FISTULA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a case report on a patient with retinal complications from a carotid-cavernous fistula.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 26-year-old patient sustained head trauma following a motorcycle accident. Examination and retinal imaging demonstrated a venous stasis retinopathy with cystoid macular edema. The edema resolved with aflibercept, but not with bevacizumab.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patient was diagnosed with venous stasis retinopathy secondary to carotid-cavernous fistula. Pathologic findings completely resolved with appropriate management.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA; and †Department of Ophthalmology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: C Nathaniel
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Roybal
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kucukevcilioglu
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huckfeldt
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Elshatory
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Thurtell
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Folk
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000150:complications*; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C533178:aflibercept; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor