title: Ultrafast laser functionalized rare phased gold-silicon/silicon oxide nanostructured hybrid biomaterials.
abstract: We introduce a hybrid nanostructured biomaterial that is a combination of rare phases of immiscible gold and silicon oxide, functionalized via ultrafast laser synthesis. For the first time, we show cancer controlling properties of rare phases of gold silicides, which include Au7Si, Au5Si, Au0.7Si2.3 and Au8Si2. Conventionally, pure forms of gold and silicon/silicon oxide are extensively employed in targeted therapy and drug delivery systems due to their unique properties. While silicon and silicon oxide nanoparticles have shown biocompatibility, gold nanoparticles show conflicting results based on their size and material properties. Several studies have shown that gold and silicon combinations produce cell controlling properties, however, these studies were not able to produce a homogenous combination of gold and silicon, owing to its immiscibility. A homogenous combination of gold and silicon may potentially enable properties that have not previously been reported. We describe rare phased gold-silicon oxide nanostructured hybrid biomaterials and its unique cancer controlling properties, owing to material properties, concentration, size and density. The gold-silicon oxide nanostructured hybrid is composed of individual gold-silicon oxide nanoparticles in various concentrations of gold and silicon, some nanoparticles possess a gold-core and silicon-shell like structure. The individual nanoparticles are bonded together forming a three dimensional nanostructured hybrid. The interaction of the nanostructured hybrids with cervical cancer cells showed a 96% reduction in 24h. This engineered nanostructured hybrid biomaterial presents significant potential due to the combination of immiscible gold and silicon oxide in varying phases and can potentially satiate the current vacuum in cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Premnath
authors.affiliation: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada. Electronic address: venkat@ryerson.ca.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Venkatakrishnan
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D049329:Nanostructures; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D010087:Oxides; D006046:Gold; D012825:Silicon
keywords: Cancer; Femtosecond; Gold; Silicon; Ultrafast laser