title: Antihypertensive therapy increases natural immunity response in hypertensive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of treatment of hypertension on the autoantibodies to apolipoprotein B-derived peptides (anti-ApoB-D peptide Abs) response, inflammation markers and vascular function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight patients with hypertension (stage 1 or 2) were recruited and advised to receive perindopril (4mg), hydrochlorothiazide (25mg), or indapamide (1.5mg) for 12weeks in a blinded fashion. Office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24h ABPM), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), nitrate-induced dilatation (NID), titers of IgG and IgM anti-ApoB-D peptide Abs, hsCRP, and interleukins (IL-8 and IL-10) were evaluated at baseline and 12weeks after therapies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All treatments reduced office BP, and improved FMD (P<0.05 vs. baseline). The NID was improved only in the perindopril arm (P<0.05 vs. baseline). The 24h-ABPM was reduced with perindopril and hydrochlorothiazide therapies (P<0.05 vs. baseline), but not with indapamide, and this effect was followed by increase in titers of IgM Anti-ApoB-D peptide Abs (P<0.05 vs. baseline), without modifications in titers IgG Anti-ApoB-D peptide Abs and interleukins. Multivariable regression analysis has shown that change in the titers of IgM anti-ApoB-D peptide was associated with the changes in FMD (β -0.347; P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings shed light to a possible modulator effect of the antihypertensive therapy on the natural immunity responses and vascular function.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique Andrade R
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lívia C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lins
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rui M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Povoa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Juliano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Figueiredo-Neto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boschcov
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gidlund
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mcoizar@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Izar
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007190:Indapamide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020913:Perindopril / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D007190:Indapamide; D020913:Perindopril
keywords: Anti-hypertensive therapy; Autoantibodies; Blood pressure; Hypertension; Natural immunity