title: Risk factors associated with early implant failure: A 5-year retrospective clinical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The replacement of lost teeth with dental implants is a widespread treatment whose associated problems are also frequently encountered. Nevertheless, the factors associated with early implant failure have not been well documented. Further analyses of the factors influencing osseointegration establishment are required to maximize the predictability of the procedure and minimize implant failures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to explore the association between possible risk factors and early implant failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective clinical study evaluated 142 participants who received 276 external connection BTI implants between 2007 and 2011. Participant variables (age, sex, systemic disease, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, bruxism, and degree of periodontal disease), implant variables (type of edentulism, localization, area, diameter, length, and bone quality), intervention variables (expansion mechanisms, sinus augmentation techniques, bone regeneration, and implant insertion), and postoperative variables (presence of pain/inflammation at 1 week postsurgery) were studied. A multilevel logistic regression model (mixed effects-type model) was used to determine the influence of variables on early implant failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Early implant failure was significantly associated with the male sex (P=.001), severe periodontal disease (P=.005), short implants (P=.001), expansion technique (P=.002), and postoperative pain/inflammation at 1 week postsurgery (P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early dental implant failure is more frequent in men and in individuals with severe periodontal disease, short implants, pain/inflammation at 1 week postsurgery, or bone expansion treatment.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: mvolmedo@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Maris Victoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Olmedo-Gaya
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Manzano-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cañaveral-Cavero
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Statistics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Dios Luna-del Castillo
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vallecillo-Capilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants