title: Association of polymorphism in adiponectin (+45 T/G) and leptin (-2548 G/A) genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus in male Egyptians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing properties. Many investigators have explored the association between adiponectin single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different ethnic populations from different regions. Leptin is a protein hormone constituting an important signal in the regulation of adipose tissue mass and body weight. The aim of this study was to explore potential associations between SNP +45 T>G of the adiponectin gene and SNP 2548G/A of leptin with T2DM and the effect of SNPs on serum adiponectin and leptin levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  From the Egyptian population, we enrolled 110 T2DM patients and 90 non-diabetic controls. Serum lipid profile, blood glucose, serum adiponectin, and leptin were measured. Genotyping for two common SNPs of the adiponectin and leptin genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The G allele and TG/GG genotype of SNP 45 occurred more frequently than the T allele and TT genotype in T2DM patients compares to the controls. Subjects with the GG + TG genotype of SNP 45 were at increased risk for T2DM (OR = 6.476; 95% CI: 3.401-12.33) and associated with a low serum adiponectin level compared with the TT genotype. The serum leptin concentration of GA + AA genotype carriers was not significantly different from that of the GG genotype in the diabetic group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The G allele carriers who have reduced plasma concentrations of adiponectin may have an association with T2DM, while leptin SNP 2548 G/A is not associated with the risk of development of T2DM in the Egyptian population.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Motawi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Olfat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shaker
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, MSA University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdelhamid
keywords: polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism; single nucleotide polymorphism