title: Acute injections of corticosterone, norepinephrine and epinephrine retards food passage in the crop of chicks.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to clarify whether acute injection of stress-related hormones, corticosterone (CORT), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) affect food passage in the crop of chicks (Gallus gallus). Subcutaneous (SQ) injection of CORT significantly retarded the food passage in the crop of chicks. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of NE and E also significantly decreased the crop emptying rate. Additional experiments by using agonists of adrenergic receptors found that IP injection of phenylephrine and clonidine but not isoproterenol retarded the food passage in the crop of chicks. These results demonstrated that the effect of NE and E would be mediated by alpha-1-, alpha-2- rather than beta-adrenergic receptor. Finally, we found that injection of CORT, NE and E had no effect on the number of defecations while intracerebroventricular injection of corticotropin-releasing hormone and urocortin-3 significantly increased it. These results suggest that CORT, NE and E might affect the food passage in the upper digestive tract in chicks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0212, Ehime, Japan.
authors.forename: Md Sakirul Islam
authors.initials: MSI
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061 Blacksburg, VA, United States.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cline
authors.affiliation: Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan. Electronic address: tetsu@agr.ehime-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tachibana
mesh_terms: D058646:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002645:Chickens; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D003672:Defecation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D054832:Urocortins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D058646:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D054832:Urocortins; D010656:Phenylephrine; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007545:Isoproterenol; D003000:Clonidine; D003345:Corticosterone; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine
keywords: Chick; Corticosterone; Crop emptying rate; Epinephrine; Feces; Norepinephrine