title: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as a potential inducer of ovulation in infertile women with luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome.
abstract: Luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome is one of the intractable ovulation disorders that are commonly observed during cycles of treatment with ovulation inducers, for which no effective therapy other than assisted reproductive technology is available. Here, we investigated whether granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) could prevent the onset of LUF syndrome. We analyzed the effects of G-CSF in 68 infertile women with LUF syndrome who received ovulation induction (clomiphene + human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] therapy or follicle-stimulating hormone + hCG therapy). G-CSF (lenograstim, 100 μg) was administered subcutaneously. Onsets of LUF syndrome were compared between the cycle during which G-CSF was given in combination with the ovulation inducer (ie, the G-CSF treatment cycle) and the subsequent cycle during which only the ovulation inducer was given (ie, the G-CSF nontreatment control cycle). The results showed that LUF syndrome recurred in only 3 cycles during the G-CSF treatment cycle (4.4% [3/68 cycles]), whereas LUF syndrome recurred in 13 cycles during the subsequent G-CSF nontreatment control cycle (19.1% [13/68 cycles]). The additional use of G-CSF significantly prevented the onset of LUF syndrome during ovulation induction (P = 0.013, McNemar test). No serious adverse reactions because of the administration of G-CSF were observed. In conclusion, our findings indicate that G-CSF may become a useful therapy for LUF syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan. Electronic address: ma30408@kanazawa-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makinoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Waseda
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryota
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: St. Luke Clinic, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone