title: Dependent personality, separation anxiety disorder and other anxiety disorders in OCD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dependent personality and/or general personality dimensions might explain the strong relationships between separation anxiety disorder (Sep-AD) and three other anxiety disorders (agoraphobia, panic disorder and social anxiety disorder) in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from 509 adult participants collected during the OCD Collaborative Genetic Study, we used logistic regression models to evaluate the relationships between Sep-AD, dependent personality score, general personality dimensions and three additional anxiety disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dependent personality score was strongly associated with Sep-AD and the other anxiety disorders in models adjusted for age at interview, age at onset of OC symptoms and worst ever OCD severity score. Several general personality dimensions, especially neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness, were also related to Sep-AD and the other anxiety disorders. Sep-AD was not independently related to these anxiety disorders, in multivariate models including general personality and dependent personality disorder scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that Sep-AD in childhood and these other anxiety disorders in adulthood are consequences of dependent personality disorder (for agoraphobia and panic disorder) or introversion (for social phobia). It is unknown whether these results would be similar in a non-OCD sample.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mroczkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Goes
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Riddle
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Grados
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Bienvenu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: McCracken
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rauch
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Science, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pauls
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nestadt
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Samuels
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000523:psychology*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D001010:Anxiety, Separation / Q000523:psychology*; D003859:Dependent Personality Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D055815:Young Adult