title: In vivo and in vitro inhibitory action of 17β-estradiol and environmental estrogen 4-nonylphenol on gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) expression in the eyestalks of Litopenaeus vannamei.
abstract: The gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) belongs to a neuropeptide family synthesized and released in an X-organ sinus gland complex of crustacean eyestalks. GIH inhibits crustacean ovarian maturation by suppressing vitellogenin (Vtg) synthesis, whereas estrogen is responsible for the stimulation of vitellogenesis (not established). In this study, the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10(-6) M), estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen (TAM, 10(-6), 10(-7), and 10(-8) M), and the environmental estrogen nonylphenol (NP, 1 μg/L and 100 μg/L) on LvGIH expression in the eyestalks of shrimp were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that LvGIH expression decreased significantly during the L. vannamei ovarian maturation cycle. E2 and NP significantly reduced LvGIH transcripts in vivo, but TAM neutralized the inhibitory action of E2 in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In addition, the LvGIH expression levels decreased significantly in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05) when ovary fragments were cultured in vitro with E2. The results of this study suggested that estrogen regulates GIH expression in L. vannamei eyestalks. E2 promoted ovarian development not only by directly upregulating vitellogenesis in the hepatopancreas, but it was also capable of downregulating LvGIH expression, which indirectly resulted in the stimulation of L. vannamei vitellogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D007447:Invertebrate Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology; D014818:Vitellogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D004967:Estrogens; D007447:Invertebrate Hormones; D010636:Phenols; D014819:Vitellogenins; D013629:Tamoxifen; C073189:vitellogenesis inhibiting hormone; D004958:Estradiol; C041594:4-nonylphenol