title: Laboratory measurements of resistivity in warm dense plasmas relevant to the microphysics of brown dwarfs.
abstract: Since the observation of the first brown dwarf in 1995, numerous studies have led to a better understanding of the structures of these objects. Here we present a method for studying material resistivity in warm dense plasmas in the laboratory, which we relate to the microphysics of brown dwarfs through viscosity and electron collisions. Here we use X-ray polarimetry to determine the resistivity of a sulphur-doped plastic target heated to Brown Dwarf conditions by an ultra-intense laser. The resistivity is determined by matching the plasma physics model to the atomic physics calculations of the measured large, positive, polarization. The inferred resistivity is larger than predicted using standard resistivity models, suggesting that these commonly used models will not adequately describe the resistivity of warm dense plasma related to the viscosity of brown dwarfs.
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.
authors.forename: A P L
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0208, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hakel
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dance
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT1 4NN, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Doria
authors.affiliation: Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gizzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 3PU, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gregori
authors.affiliation: Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koester
authors.affiliation: Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Labate
authors.affiliation: Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Area della Ricerca del CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Levato
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT1 4NN, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0208, USA.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.|Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pasley
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Rajeev
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT1 4NN, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5493-3434
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wagenaars
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Waugh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, York Plasma Institute, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD, UK.
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Woolsey