title: Molecular survey of Babesia infections in cattle from different areas of Myanmar.
abstract: Cattle babesiosis is one of the most important tick-borne diseases worldwide. The present study reports a molecular survey of Babesia infections in cattle in Myanmar. Nested PCR assays based on the Babesia bigemina apical membrane antigen-1 gene (AMA-1) and B. bovis rhoptry associated protein-1 gene (RAP-1) revealed that the overall percentage of B. bigemina and B. bovis infection were 9.8% (70/713) and 17.1% (122/713), respectively. A mixed infection was detected in 4.6% (33/713) of animals. Animals <1 year (OR=13.66, CI=5.15-36.26) and 1-5 years of age (OR=3.91, CI=1.50-10.17) were identified as potential risk factors for B. bigemina infection. For B. bovis infection, age <1 year (OR=3.06, CI=1.63-5.75) and 1-5 years (OR=2.08, CI=1.21-3.57), Friesian-Zebu crossbreeds (OR=2.04, CI=1.26-3.30) and grazing (OR=1.59, CI=1.06-2.38) were identified as potential risk factors. This is the first report on a nationwide survey of bovine Babesia infections in Myanmar, providing useful information for the management and control of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Myanmar.
authors.forename: Saw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bawm
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Myanmar.
authors.forename: Lat Lat
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Htun
authors.affiliation: Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, District Office, Phaan, Myanmar.
authors.forename: Ni Ni
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Maw
authors.affiliation: Rector Office, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Myanmar.
authors.forename: Tin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ngwe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Unit of Risk Analysis and Management, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiho
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Laboratory Animal Facilities, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotomo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. Electronic address: kenkata@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katakura
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001403:Babesia / Q000235:genetics*; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D002052:Myanmar / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Babesia bigemina apical membrane antigen-1 gene; Babesia bovis rhoptry associated protein-1 gene; Cattle; Myanmar; PCR; Risk factor