title: Nanotopography applications in drug delivery.
abstract: Refinement of micro- and nanofabrication in the semiconductor field has led to innovations in biomedical technologies. Nanotopography, in particular, shows great potential in facilitating drug delivery. The flexibility of fabrication techniques has created a diverse array of topographies that have been developed for drug delivery applications. Nanowires and nanostraws deliver drug cytosolically for in vitro and ex vivo applications. In vivo drug delivery is limited by the barrier function of the epithelium. Nanowires on microspheres increase adhesion and residence time for oral drug delivery, while also increasing permeability of the epithelium. Low aspect ratio nanocolumns increase paracellular permeability, and in conjunction with microneedles increase transdermal drug delivery of biologics in vivo. In summary, nanotopography is a versatile tool for drug delivery. It can deliver directly to cells or be used for in vivo delivery across epithelial barriers. This editorial highlights the application of nanotopography in the field of drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: a UC Berkeley & UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus , San Francisco , CA 94158 , USA.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: b Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences , University of California , San Francisco , CA 94158 , USA.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: b Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences , University of California , San Francisco , CA 94158 , USA.
authors.forename: Tejal A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Desai
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008845:Microinjections; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009339:Needles; D010539:Permeability; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010599:Pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: drug delivery; nanofabrication; nanotopography; oral drug delivery; siRNA; surfaces; transdermal drug delivery