title: Internal or External Stenting of the Ureterovesical Anastomosis in Renal Transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stenting of the ureterovesical anastomosis reduces the incidence of urological complications (UCs) after renal transplantation, but there are multiple stenting techniques, and there is no consensus regarding which technique is preferred. The aim of this study was to compare an internal versus an external stenting technique on the incidence of UCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective analysis of 419 deceased donor renal transplantations performed between January 2008 and December 2013. Until 2011, 183 patients received an external stent through the ureterovesical anastomosis placed by suprapubic bladder puncture (SP stent). From 2011, 236 recipients received an internal double-J (JJ) stent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of UC was 3.8% in JJ stents, compared to 9.3% in SP stents (p = 0.021). No difference in surgical ureter revision rate was observed between the groups (2.1 vs. 5.5%; p = 0.068). Urinary tract infection (UTI) rate and graft function were comparable between both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Internal JJ stenting significantly decreased the incidence of UC compared to an external SP stent. There was no difference in surgical ureter revision rate, UTI or graft function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M Matthijs
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fockens
authors.forename: Victor P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Alberts
authors.forename: Frederike J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bemelman
authors.forename: M Pilar
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Laguna Pes
authors.forename: Mirza M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Idu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology