title: Effects of Hard Thin-Film Coatings on Adhesion of Early Colonizer Bacteria Over Titanium Surfaces.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of diamond-like carbon (DLC) and titanium (Ti) nitride coatings over Ti surfaces on the adhesion of early colonizer bacteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) according to different surface modifications: titanium nitride (TiN)-coated Ti discs (experimental group 1), DLC-coated Ti discs (experimental group 2), and uncoated polished Ti discs (control group). Discs were incubated in bacterial cell suspension (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis) for 1 hour, and the single colonies formed by adhering bacteria were counted by fluorescence microscopy. Surface roughness and topography were examined by atomic force microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surface roughness of DLC was lower than TiN coating and the control group. Statistically significant reduction of the number of adherent bacteria was observed on DLC-coated surfaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DLC coating over Ti surfaces strongly inhibits the adhesion of early colonizer oral bacteria.
authors.affiliation: *Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey. †Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. ‡Postdoctoral Scholar, Research Fellow, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Neslin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Velioglu
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akova
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozkomur
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D058491:Bacterial Load; D003764:Dental Materials; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000254:growth & development*; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000235:genetics*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials; C041500:titanium nitride; D014025:Titanium