title: Bacterial consortia at different wine fermentation phases of two typical Central European grape varieties: Blaufränkisch (Frankovka modrá) and Grüner Veltliner (Veltlínske zelené).
abstract: This is the first study focused to bacterial diversity and dynamic during the vinification of two important Central Europe grape vines: Blaufränkisch and Grüner Veltliner. The investigation strategy included culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. Four different agar media were utilized for the isolation of various bacteria occurring in several fermentation stages. The isolates were clustered by fluorescent-ITS PCR and, one or more representatives of each cluster, were identified by 16 rRNA gene sequencing. The culture-independent approach, based on 16S rRNA gene amplification, combined the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method and the construction of bacterial clone library for each wine fermentation step. A complex bacterial community was identified, comprising different lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria, such as Leuconostoc spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Gluconobacter spp. Other OTUs and bacterial isolates embraced the Actinobacteria, Bacilli, Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-proteobacteria classes. Different taxa already detected by recent studies, such as Sphingomonas, Variovorax, Pantoea, Enterobacter and Tatumella, were detected confirming the continuous occurrence of these kinds of bacteria in wine environment. Moreover, novel genera (Amycolatopsis, Hydrogenophilus, Snodgrassella, Telluria, Gilliamella, Lelliottia, and Lonsdale quercina) never detected before were recognized, too. The role of these, until now anonymous, bacteria during vinification deserves investigation, which could open a new research field in wine technology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselná 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75 Bratislava 26, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Godálová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kraková
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puškárová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bučková
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselná 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75 Bratislava 26, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuchta
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselná 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75 Bratislava 26, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Ľubica
authors.initials: Ľ
authors.lastname: Piknová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia. Electronic address: domenico.pangallo@savba.sk.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pangallo
mesh_terms: D000091:Acetobacter / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001407:Bacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003470:Culture Media; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005060:Europe; D005285:Fermentation; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007934:Leuconostoc / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D027843:Vitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Bacterial community; Blaufränkisch; Cultivation; Culture-independent; Grape; Grüner Veltliner; Must