title: TGF-β-Regulated MicroRNAs and Their Function in Cancer Biology.
abstract: The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is known to regulate a large number of biological processes and is involved in various aspects of tumor development. Recent studies have shown that the biogenesis of miRNAs can be regulated by TGF-β signaling directly via Smad-dependent mechanisms and/or other unknown mechanisms, which may induce autoregulatory feedback loops in response to the activation of TGF-β signaling, influencing the fate of tumor cells. In this chapter, we summarize the currently described mechanisms underlying TGF-β's regulation of miRNA biogenesis, and the functional role of TGF-β-regulated miRNAs in tumor initiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tumor microenvironment modulation. Finally, we introduce methods to study TGF-β-regulated miRNAs and their functions in tumor progression and metastasis using an example of publication from our lab demonstrating the presence of a TGF-β-miR-34a-CCL22 signaling axis, which serves as a potent etiological pathway for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma venous metastases.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
authors.forename: Pengyuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, 3813, Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, 3813, Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Geoffrey J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, 3813, Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, 3813, Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. xiao.fan.wang@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fan
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
keywords: Cancer biology; Metastasis; MicroRNA; TGF-β