title: Classification, mode of action and production strategy of xylanase and its application for biofuel production from water hyacinth.
abstract: Xylanases are classified under glycoside hydrolase families which represent one of the largest groups of commercial enzymes. Depolymerizing xylan molecules into monomeric pentose units involves the synergistic action of mainly two key enzymes which are endo-β-xylanase and β-xylosidase. Xylanases are different with respect to their mode of action, substrate specificities, biochemical properties, 3D structure and are widely produced by a spectrum of bacteria and fungi. Currently, large scale production of xylanase can be produced through the application of genetic engineering tool which allow fast identification of novel xylanase genes and their genetic variations makes it an ideal enzymes. Due to depletion of fossil fuel, there is urgent need to find out environment friendly and sustainable energy sources. Therefore, utilisation of cheap lignocellulosic materials along with proper optimisation of process is most important for cost efficient ethanol production. Among, various types of lignocellulosic substances, water hyacinth, a noxious aquatic weed, has been found in many tropical. Therefore, the technological development for biofuel production from water hyacinth is becoming commercially worthwhile. In this review, the classification and mode of action of xylanase including genetic regulation and strategy for robust xylanase production have been critically discussed from recent reports. In addition various strategies for cost effective biofuel production from water hyacinth including chimeric proteins design has also been critically evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India.
authors.forename: Uma Shankar Prasad
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Uday
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Energy studies, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India.
authors.forename: Payel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India.
authors.forename: Tarun Kanti
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India. Electronic address: bbhunia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Biswanath
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bhunia
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D031806:Eichhornia / Q000378:metabolism*; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D059205:Renewable Energy
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D000431:Ethanol; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases
keywords: Biofuel; Lignocellulose; Recombinant DNA technology; Water hyacinth; Xylanase