title: Psychological stress-induced catecholamines accelerates cutaneous aging in mice.
abstract: Psychological stress may be an important extrinsic factor which influences aging process. However, neither study demonstrated the mechanism by which chronic stress participates in skin aging. Aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic psychological stress on mice skin. Mice were daily submitted to rotational stress, for 28 days, until euthanasia. After 28 days, mice were killed and normal skin was analyzed. Macroscopically, dorsum skin of chronically stressed mice presented more wrinkled when compared to that of nonstressed mice. In mice skin, chronic stress increased lipid peroxidation, carbonyl protein content, nitrotyrosine levels, neutrophil infiltration, neutrophil elastase, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and metalloproteinase-8 levels. Nevertheless, chronic stress reduced dermis thickness, collagen type I, fibrilin-1 and elastin protein levels in mice skin. In in vitro assays, murine skin fibroblasts were exposed to elevated epinephrine levels plus inhibitors of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), fibroblast activity was evaluated in a short time. In skin fibroblast culture, treatment with inhibitors of ROS and RNS synthesis abolished the increase in carbonyl protein content and lipid peroxide accumulation induced by epinephrine. In conclusion, chronic psychological stress may be an important extrinsic factor, which contributes to skin aging in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: bruna.souza@uerj.br.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Romana-Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gracineide
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santos Lima-Cezar
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monte-Alto-Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D020405:Dermis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015595:Skin Aging; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C560825:Timp1 protein, mouse; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase; C576328:MMP8 protein, mouse; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8
keywords: Aging; Collagen fibers; Elastic fibers; Psychological stress; Skin