title: The Dose-Response Relationship Between Tobacco Education Advertising and Calls to Quitlines in the United States, March-June, 2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We estimated changes in call volume in the United States in response to increases in advertising doses of the Tips From Former Smokers (Tips) campaign, the first federal national tobacco education campaign, which aired for 12 weeks from March 19 to June 10, 2012. We also measured the effectiveness of ad taglines that promoted calls directly with a quitline number (1-800-QUIT-NOW) and indirectly with a cessation help website (Smokefree.gov).
  
  
  METHODS
  Multivariate regressions estimated the weekly number of calls to 1-800-QUIT-NOW by area code as a function of weekly market-level gross rating points (GRPs) from CDC's Tips campaign in 2012. The number of quitline calls attributable solely to Tips was predicted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For quitline-tagged ads, an additional 100 television GRPs per week was associated with an increase of 89 calls per week in a typical area code in the United States (P < .001). The same unit increase in advertising GRPs for ads tagged with Smokefree.gov was associated with an increase of 29 calls per week in any given area code (P < .001). We estimated that the Tips campaign was responsible for more than 170,000 additional calls to 1-800-QUIT-NOW during the campaign and that it would have generated approximately 140,000 additional calls if all ads were tagged with 1-800-QUIT-NOW.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For campaign planners, these results make it possible to estimate 1) the likely impact of tobacco prevention media buys and 2) the additional quitline capacity needed at the national level should future campaigns of similar scale use 1-800-QUIT-NOW taglines exclusively.
authors.affiliation: RTI International, 3040 E Cornwallis Rd, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Email: kcdavis@rti.org.
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malarcher
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000329:Advertising / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D015277:Hotlines / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020407:Internet; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013690:Television; D014481:United States