title: Environmental and occupational health research and training needs in Colombia: A Delphi study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Environmental factors contribute with 16% of the burden of disease in Colombia. A main obstacle in implementing national and regional environmental and occupational health policies is the limited knowledge on the local ability to study and control the impact of harmful exposures on health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify needs for research and training in environmental and occupational health in Colombia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a three-round hybrid Delphi study. A group of environmental and occupational health Colombian experts (n=16) from government agencies, universities, and research centers was recruited to participate in the study. Expert´s opinions on research and training needs were gathered through online questionnaires, followed by an in-person meeting. The percentage of agreement and the coefficient of variation were used to measure consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Air pollution and chemical products were considered the most important environmental and occupational exposures, due to their significant impact on chronic non-communicable diseases, such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Research on the effects of outdoor air pollution on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases was considered of the greatest importance. Priority training areas included environmental and occupational health risk assessment, exposure modeling, advanced statistical methods, urban planning, occupational safety and hygiene, and epidemiology and toxicology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings provide a valuable input for the definition and implementation of national environmental and occupational health policies and for the development of a regional hub aimed at strengthening the capacity for research and training in Colombia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Villamizar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Beatriz Elena
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Lina María
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Vera
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patz
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Leonelo E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bautista
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D003105:Colombia; D003697:Delphi Technique; D004782:Environmental Health / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000193:education*