title: Susceptibility variation to different entomopathogenic nematodes in Strategus aloeus L (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).
abstract: Strategus aloeus L (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), known as "Little bull" or oil palm "chiza" is a limiting pest in palm plantation in Cesar Colombia. Its management is based on pesticide use or old palm removal in renewal lots. Therefore, other alternatives are being sought out. Entomopathogenic nematodes isolated from the Colombian Andean region were evaluated. Under laboratory conditions S. aloeus third instar larvae exposure to 160 infective juveniles (IJs) per/cm(2) Steinernema sp3 JCL027, S. feltiae SCT125, S. websteri JCL006, S. colombiense SNI0198, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HNI0100, H. bacteriophora HASA702, H. indica SL0708 (n = 20) was evaluated under a completely randomized design. The experiment was repeated three times on different dates. Significant differences were observed (F = 11.127, df = 7. 24, p = 0.0054), registering mortality between 3 and 14 days. Steinernema sp3 JCL027 was the strain producing the highest mortality rate (19.3 ± 8 %), followed by H. bacteriophora HNI0100 (5.2 ± 9 %). Thus, we evaluated Steinernema sp3 JCL0270 using a randomized design at 0, 160, 290, 420, 550, 680, 810 IJs/cm(2) (n = 12). The experiment was repeated three times on different dates. Significant differences were found among treatments (44 ± 5 %, F = 14.676; df = 6. 21, p = 0.001), with 680 IJs/cm(2) producing the highest mortality followed by 810 IJs/cm(2) (22 ± 5 %). In conclusion, this alternative must be further explored in search of pesticide use and cost reduction, in addition to young palm loss in a plantation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Biological Control, Plant Biology and Productive System Group, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Biological Control, Plant Biology and Productive System Group, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: A
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3201-7731
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sáenz-Aponte
keywords: Biological control; Chiza; Heterorhabditidae; Larvae; Little bull; Oil palm; Steinernematidae