title: Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) intestinal immune responses, antioxidant status and tight junction protein mRNA expression are modulated via Nrf2 and PKC in response to dietary arginine deficiency.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of dietary arginine on the immune response, antioxidant status and tight junction mRNA expression in the intestine of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). A total of 1200 juvenile Jian carp with an average initial weight of 6.33 ± 0.03 g were fed graded levels of arginine (9.8-24.5 g kg(-1) diet) for nine weeks. The study showed that arginine deficiency up-regulated interleukin 1, interleukin 8 and transforming growth factor-β and down-regulated tumour necrosis factor α gene expression (P < 0.05). Additionally, arginine deficiency increased malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and glutathione contents and decreased the activities of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, arginine deficiency significantly increased claudin 7, occludin, protein kinase C, NF-E2-related factor 2 and Kelch-like-ECH- associated protein 1 mRNA expression and decreased SOD1, CAT and GR mRNA expression (P < 0.05). All of these results indicated that arginine deficiency impaired intestinal immune function via the regulation of mRNA expression of cytokines, tight junction proteins, antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2/Keap1 and PKC in fish intestine.
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Gang-Fu
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety in Production Sichuan University Key Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Dan
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety in Production Sichuan University Key Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Yao
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety in Production Sichuan University Key Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety in Production Sichuan University Key Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.
authors.forename: Wu-Neng
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Yong-An
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety in Production Sichuan University Key Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. Electronic address: zhouxq@sicau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qiu
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002347:Carps / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D029941:Fish Proteins; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins; D001120:Arginine
keywords: Arginine; Barrier function; Immunity; Jian carp; PKC