title: Lithium-doped β-tricalcium phosphate: Effects on physical, mechanical and in vitro osteoblast cell-material interactions.
abstract: In this work, we have investigated the effects of lithium (Li) dopant at different concentrations and sintering temperatures on the physical and mechanical properties of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Our results showed that Li addition at concentrations of 0.65 and 1.0 wt % inhibits the β-TCP to α-TCP phase transformation. 0.15 wt % Li addition resulted in grain growth and extensive liquid phase was formed at higher concentrations. At 1150°C, compressive strength of β-TCP increased from 138.7 ± 19.9 MPa to 170.9 ± 29.8 MPa with the addition of 0.15 wt % Li. Addition of higher amounts of Li decreased the compressive strength and the lowest compressive strength of 99.8 ± 13.7 MPa was found in samples containing 1.0 wt % Li. After 3 days of culture, osteoblast cells grew to confluence on samples containing 0.65 and 1.0 wt % Li. Cells grew to confluence on all doped samples after 11 days of culture and optical cell density was 4-5 folds higher on 0.15 and 1.0 wt % Li-doped TCP samples. Our results show that both Li content and sintering temperature have significant influence toward physicochemical and mechanical properties of β-TCP which affects the osteoblast cell-materials interaction in Li-doped TCP scaffolds. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 391-399, 2017.
authors.affiliation: W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-2920.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vahabzadeh
authors.affiliation: W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-2920.
authors.forename: Vaughn Kohsei
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.affiliation: W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-2920.
authors.forename: Susmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bose
mesh_terms: D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D008094:Lithium
keywords: compressive strength; lithium; osteoblast cell-biomaterial interaction; phase composition; β-tricalcium phosphate