title: Whole-body MRI in generalized cystic lymphangiomatosis in the pediatric population: diagnosis, differential diagnoses, and follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Generalized cystic lymphangiomatosis is a particularly rare disease with variable involvement of skeletal and extraskeletal sites. The key role of imaging in the diagnosis of this disease is no longer in doubt. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the contribution of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) at the diagnostic stage and during the follow-up in the pediatric population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three children were included from 2008. The inclusion criteria were radiological images (conventional radiographs, computed tomography, and MRI) compatible with histological confirmation. Each child included received WB-MRI at the diagnosis stage and during follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WB-MRI detected multiple hypointense T1 and hyperintense T2-STIR cystic bony lesions. One unnoticed mass in the retroperitoneum on computed tomography was easily detected by MRI. Mediastinal involvement was observed in one asymptomatic case. Histology was contributory in all cases. Preventive intramedullary nailings was done in one case. Follow-up WB-MRI detected new asymptomatic lesions in all cases. One child presented a third episode of lymphangitis of the right thigh during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to its high sensitivity to diagnose, ability to eliminate differential diagnoses and make exhaustive lesions assessment, and its non-radiating character for long-term follow-up, WB-MRI is highly recommended for generalized cystic lymphangiomatosis in the pediatric population.
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054, Amiens Cedex 1, France. cecile.suffee@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herruela-Suffee
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054, Amiens Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warin
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054, Amiens Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Mélody
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castier-Amouyel
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054, Amiens Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Florine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dallery
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054, Amiens Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonnaire
authors.affiliation: Service de Radiologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 80054, Amiens Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Constans
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018191:Lymphangioma, Cystic / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Lymphangiomatosis; Magnetic resonance imaging; Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging