title: Recent developments in the genetics of childhood epileptic encephalopathies: impact in clinical practice.
abstract: Recent advances in molecular genetics led to the discovery of several genes for childhood epileptic encephalopathies (CEEs). As the knowledge about the genes associated with this group of disorders develops, it becomes evident that CEEs present a number of specific genetic characteristics, which will influence the use of molecular testing for clinical purposes. Among these, there are the presence of marked genetic heterogeneity and the high frequency of de novo mutations. Therefore, the main objectives of this review paper are to present and discuss current knowledge regarding i) new genetic findings in CEEs, ii) phenotype-genotype correlations in different forms of CEEs; and, most importantly, iii) the impact of these new findings in clinical practice. Accompanying this text we have included a comprehensive table, containing the list of genes currently known to be involved in the etiology of CEEs.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociências e Neurotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gonsales
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociências e Neurotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Augusta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Montenegro
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociências e Neurotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociências e Neurotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Coan
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociências e Neurotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marilisa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Guerreiro
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociências e Neurotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Iscia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lopes-Cendes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D013036:Spasms, Infantile / Q000235:genetics*; D013577:Syndrome