title: Low Level of Osteocalcin Is Related With Arterial Stiffness in Korean Adults: An Inverse J-Shaped Relationship.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between bone turnover markers and atherosclerosis is controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the association of arterial stiffness with the levels of osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx).
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study included 1691 men and 1913 women who participated in the medical examination programs of a hospital from March 2008 to December 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arterial stiffness was estimated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Osteocalcin and CTx were assayed by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean baPWV was elevated at both ends of the osteocalcin quintiles in both men and women. However, the adjusted mean was higher in the lowest quintile of osteocalcin than in the other quintiles in men and women. Before adjustment, negative and positive relationships of baPWV with the levels of osteocalcin and CTx were observed in men (β = -0.123 and -0.078 for osteocalcin and CTx, respectively) and women (β = 0.151 and 0.193), respectively. After adjustment for age and metabolic parameters, osteocalcin was negatively related with baPWV at lower osteocalcin levels (Q1-Q2) in both sexes (in the fully adjusted model, β = -0.090 for men and -0.053 for women). No significant relationship was observed at higher values. The osteocalcin level was fit for a quadratic model for baPWV showing an inverse J-shape.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The level of serum osteocalcin showed an inverse J-shaped relationship with arterial stiffness in both men and women. However, the association between the CTx level and arterial stiffness was not significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine (S.-H.Y., M.J.K., K.-C.P., K.-S.P., Y.-S.K.), CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea 13496; and Department of Family Medicine (B.-h.C.), Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06168.
authors.forename: Sung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine (S.-H.Y., M.J.K., K.-C.P., K.-S.P., Y.-S.K.), CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea 13496; and Department of Family Medicine (B.-h.C.), Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06168.
authors.forename: Moon Jong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine (S.-H.Y., M.J.K., K.-C.P., K.-S.P., Y.-S.K.), CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea 13496; and Department of Family Medicine (B.-h.C.), Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06168.
authors.forename: Beom-hee
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine (S.-H.Y., M.J.K., K.-C.P., K.-S.P., Y.-S.K.), CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea 13496; and Department of Family Medicine (B.-h.C.), Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06168.
authors.forename: Kyung-Chae
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine (S.-H.Y., M.J.K., K.-C.P., K.-S.P., Y.-S.K.), CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea 13496; and Department of Family Medicine (B.-h.C.), Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06168.
authors.forename: Kye-Seon
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine (S.-H.Y., M.J.K., K.-C.P., K.-S.P., Y.-S.K.), CHA Bundang Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea 13496; and Department of Family Medicine (B.-h.C.), Chaum Medical Checkup Center Samseongdong Branch, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06168.
authors.forename: Young-Sang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D015519:Bone Density; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000172:deficiency*; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin