title: Radioprotective activity of Polyalthia longifolia standardized extract against X-ray radiation injury in mice.
abstract: The radioprotective effect of Polyalthia longifolia was studied in mice. P. longifolia treatment showed improvement in mice survival compared to 100% mortality in the irradiated mice. Significant increases in hemoglobin concentration, and red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet counts were observed in the animals pretreated with leaf extract. Pre-irradiation administration of P. longifolia leaf extract also increased the CFU counts of the spleen colony and increased the relative spleen size. A dose-dependent decrease in lipid peroxidation levels was observed in the animals pretreated with P. longifolia. However, although the animals pretreated with P. longifolia exhibited a significant increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, the values remained below normal in both liver and the intestine. Pre-irradiation administration of P. longifolia also resulted in the regeneration of the mucosal crypts and villi of the intestine. Moreover, pretreatment with P. longifolia leaf extract also showed restoration of the normal liver cell structure and a significant reduction in the elevated levels of ALT, AST and bilirubin. These results suggested the radioprotective ability of P. longifolia leaf extract, which is significant for future investigation for human applications in developing efficient, economically viable, non-toxic natural and clinically acceptable novel radioprotectors.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Subramanion L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Jothy
authors.affiliation: RIKEN-USM Joint Research Unit, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Tamio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Vic. 3217, Australia.
authors.forename: Jagat R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kanwar
authors.affiliation: Dental Research & Training Unit, and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azlan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.affiliation: Centre for Advance Analytical Toxicology Services (CAATS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Leong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin-Hui
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Electronic address: srisasidharan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sreenivasan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasidharan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000528:radiation effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000528:radiation effects; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000528:radiation effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D031044:Polyalthia / Q000737:chemistry*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D012431:Rutin / Q000737:chemistry; D013154:Spleen / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013234:Stem Cells; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013696:Temperature; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D012431:Rutin; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Endogenous antioxidant; Hematological parameters; Lipid peroxidation; P. longifolia; Radioprotectors; Spleen colony