title: Complex relationship between sex hormones, insulin resistance and leptin in men with and without prostatic disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess sex hormones, leptin and insulin-resistance in men with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to study associations between androgens and histologic score of prostate tissue in PCa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred ten men older than 45 years selected from 2906 participants of a population screening for PCa were studied: 70 with PCa, 70 with BPH and 70 controls (CG), matched by body mass index and age. Insulin, IGF-1, PSA, leptin, total, free (fT) and bioavailable testosterone (bT) and estradiol were measured. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups considering the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS); androgens and leptin levels were analyzed in the subgroups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate cancer and BPH patients presented higher total, fT and bT levels than CG. IGF-1, insulin and HOMA index were higher in BPH than in the other two groups. PCa presented higher leptin [median (range) 6.5 (1.3-28.0) versus 4.8 (1.1-12.3) ng/ml; p < 0.01] and estradiol [median (range) 37.0 (20-90) versus 29.0 (20-118) pg/ml; p = 0.025] levels than CG. After dividing men considering the presence of MS, leptin was higher and total testosterone was lower in MS patients in all the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was observed a coexistence of an altered hormone profile with increased sex hormones and leptin in PCa patients, in accordance with the new perspective of PCa pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grosman
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and.
authors.forename: Bibiana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fabre
authors.affiliation: b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scorticati
authors.affiliation: b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Maximiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez Silva
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mesch
authors.affiliation: b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina.
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: Sex hormones; leptin; prostatic diseases