title: Baseline monitoring of organic sunscreen compounds along South Carolina's coastal marine environment.
abstract: Organic ultraviolet filters (UV-F) are increasingly being used in personal care products to protect skin and other products from the damaging effects of UV radiation. In this study, marine water was collected monthly for approximately one year from six coastal South Carolina, USA sites and analyzed for the occurrence of seven organic chemicals used as UV filters (avobenzone, dioxybenzone, octocrylene, octinoxate, oxybenzone, padimate-o and sulisobenzone). The results were used to examine the relationship between beach use and the distribution of UV-F compounds along coastal South Carolina, USA. Five of the seven target analytes were detected in seawater along coastal South Carolina during this study. Dioxybenzone and sulisobenzone were not detected. The highest concentrations measured were >3700 ng octocrylene/L and ~2200 ng oxybenzone/L and beach use was greatest at this site; a local beach front park. Patterns in concentrations were assessed based on season and a measure of beach use.
authors.affiliation: College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA. Electronic address: sdbratko@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bratkovics
authors.affiliation: Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, 219 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA; Hollings Marine Laboratory, NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, 331 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA. Electronic address: ed.wirth@noaa.gov.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.affiliation: JHT Inc., (Contractor to NOAA), 331 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
authors.forename: Yelena
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sapozhnikova
authors.affiliation: Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, 219 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pennington
authors.affiliation: SC Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sanger
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000032:analysis*; D001493:Bathing Beaches; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D012621:Seasons; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D013022:South Carolina; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D001577:Benzophenones; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C088673:octocrylene; C005290:oxybenzone
keywords: Beach use; LC-MS/MS; Seawater; Sunscreens