title: Gray and white matter structural changes in corticobasal syndrome.
abstract: We investigated gray matter and white matter (WM) changes in corticobasal syndrome (CBS). T1-weighted and diffusion tensor images (3T-magnet) were obtained in 11 patients and 11 healthy subjects (HS). Magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed using FreeSurfer and Tracts Constrained by Underlying Anatomy to evaluate cortical thickness (CTh), surface area, and subcortical volumes as well as diffusion tensor image parameters along the major WM tracts. Compared with HS, the whole patient group showed decreased CTh in the prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, insula, and temporal pole bilaterally. When we divided patients into 2 subgroups (left: L-CBS, right: R-CBS) on the basis of the clinically more affected upper limb, the most prominent decrease in CTh occurred in the hemisphere contralateral to the more affected side. The whole patient group also had volume loss in the putamen, hippocampus, and accumbens bilaterally, in the corpus callosum and right amygdala. Finally, we found diffusion changes in several WM tracts with axial diffusivity being altered more than radial diffusivity. The upper limb motor severity negatively correlated with the contralateral CTh in the precentral and/or postcentral gyri and contralateral volumes of putamen and accumbens. The CTh asymmetry in postcentral and/or paracentral gyri also negatively correlated with disease duration. Cortical thinning, volume loss, and fiber tract degeneration in specific brain regions are important pathophysiological abnormalities in CBS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suppa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Piattella
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Stasio
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petsas
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colonnese
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colosimo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berardelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS INM Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy. Electronic address: patrizia.pantano@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pantano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000473:pathology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013577:Syndrome; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Cortical thickness; Corticobasal syndrome; Diffusion tensor imaging; Tractography