title: Sample injection and electrophoretic separation on a simple laminated paper based analytical device.
abstract: We described a strategy to perform multistep operations on a simple laminated paper-based separation device by using electrokinetic flow to manipulate the fluids. A laminated crossed-channel paper-based separation device was fabricated by cutting a filter paper sheet followed by lamination. Multiple function units including sample loading, sample injection, and electrophoretic separation were integrated on a single paper based analytical device for the first time, by applying potential at different reservoirs for sample, sample waste, buffer, and buffer waste. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, mixed sample solution containing carmine and sunset yellow were loaded in the sampling channel, and then injected into separation channel followed by electrophoretic separation, by adjusting the potentials applied at the four terminals of sampling and separation channel. The effects of buffer pH, buffer concentration, channel width, and separation time on resolution of electrophoretic separation were studied. This strategy may be used to perform multistep operations such as reagent dilution, sample injection, mixing, reaction, and separation on a single microfluidic paper based analytical device, which is very attractive for building micro total analysis systems on microfluidic paper based analytical devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, P. R., China.
authors.forename: Chunxiu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, P. R., China.
authors.forename: Minghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, P. R., China.
authors.forename: Longfei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, P. R., China.
authors.forename: Qingyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, P. R., China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010209:Paper
keywords: Electrophoretic separation; Laminated paper based analytical device; Micro total analysis system; Sample injection