title: Bioinspired Polarization Imaging Sensors: From Circuits and Optics to Signal Processing Algorithms and Biomedical Applications: Analysis at the focal plane emulates nature's method in sensors to image and diagnose with polarized light.
abstract: In this paper, we present recent work on bioinspired polarization imaging sensors and their applications in biomedicine. In particular, we focus on three different aspects of these sensors. First, we describe the electro-optical challenges in realizing a bioinspired polarization imager, and in particular, we provide a detailed description of a recent low-power complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) polarization imager. Second, we focus on signal processing algorithms tailored for this new class of bioinspired polarization imaging sensors, such as calibration and interpolation. Third, the emergence of these sensors has enabled rapid progress in characterizing polarization signals and environmental parameters in nature, as well as several biomedical areas, such as label-free optical neural recording, dynamic tissue strength analysis, and early diagnosis of flat cancerous lesions in a murine colorectal tumor model. We highlight results obtained from these three areas and discuss future applications for these sensors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( tey1@cec.wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: York
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( powells@seas.wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Samuel B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( gaoshengkui@wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Shengkui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( l.kahan@wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Lindsey
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kahan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA ( tcharanya@wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Tauseef
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Charanya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( sahad@seas.wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Debajit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UG, U.K. ( nicholas.roberts@bristol.ac.uk ).
authors.forename: Nicholas W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA ( cronin@umbc.edu ).
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.affiliation: Sensory Neurobiology Group, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld. 4072, Australia ( justin.marshall@uq.edu.au ).
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA ( achilefus@mir.wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Achilefu
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( lake.s@seas.wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Spencer P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lake
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ( barani@seas.wustl.edu ).
authors.forename: Baranidharan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA.
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gruev
keywords: Bioinspired circuits; calibration; complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor; current-mode imaging; interpolation; neural recording; optical neural recording; polarization