title: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Artocarpus elasticus stem bark extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Green approach in synthesizing metal nanoparticles has gain new interest from the researchers as metal nanoparticles were widely applied in medical equipment and household products. The use of plants in the synthesis of nanoparticles emerges as a cost effective and eco-friendly approach. A green synthetic route for the production of stable silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by using aqueous silver nitrate as metal precursor and Artocarpus elasticus stem bark extract act both as reductant and stabilizer is being reported for the first time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The resultant Ag-NPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, powder X-Ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infra-red (FT-IR). The morphological study by TEM and SEM shows resultant Ag-NPs in spherical form with an average size of 5.81 ± 3.80, 6.95 ± 5.50, 12.39 ± 9.51, and 19.74 ± 9.70 nm at 3, 6, 24, and 48 h. Powder X-ray diffraction showed that the particles are crystalline in nature, with a face-centered cubic structure. The FT-IR spectrum shows prominent peaks appeared corresponds to different functional groups involved in synthesizing Ag-NPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ag-NPs were synthesized using a simple and biosynthetic method by using methanolic extract of A. elasticus under room temperature, at different reaction time. The diameters of the biosynthesis Ag-NPs depended on the time of reaction. Thus, with the increase of reaction time in the room temperature the size of Ag-NPs increases. From the results obtained in this effort, one can affirm that A. elasticus can play an important role in the bioreduction and stabilization of silver ions to Ag-NPs.Graphical abstract:Figure illustrates stabilization of silver nanoparticles after formation by A. elasticus stem bark extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nur Iffah Shafiqah Binti
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mansor B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (Jalan Semarak), 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kamyar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shameli
keywords: Artocarpus elasticus; Biosynthesis; Silver nanoparticles; Stem bark; Transmission electron microscopy