title: Sex-specific differences in genetic and nongenetic determinants of mean platelet volume: results from the Gutenberg Health Study.
abstract: Mean platelet volume (MPV), a measure of platelet size, is a potential biological marker of platelet function. To date, a comprehensive analysis including known genetic and nongenetic factors that determine MPV is still lacking. MPV has been evaluated in 15 010 individuals from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Genetic information was available for 4175 individuals. Our results showed that age (β, 0.0346; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0255 to 0.0436), cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) such as smoking (β, 0.178; 95% CI, 0.128 to 0.229), hypertension (β, 0.05; 95% CI, 0.00289 to .0981), and high glucose level (β, 0.00179; 95% CI, 0.0006 to 0.00299) were linked with higher MPV in males only. Intake of oral contraceptives (β, 0.150; 95% CI, 0.0649 to 0.236) and menstruation (β, 0.123; 95% CI, 0.0231 to 0.224) were strongly associated with higher MPV in females. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for females and 4 SNPs for males were associated with higher MPV. The full model, including age, CVRFs, laboratory parameters, medications, and genetic variation, explained 20.4% of the MPV variance in females and 18.6% in males. The curves of cumulative mortality, stratified for sex, showed worse survival for males only with MPV > 9.96 fL vs MPV ≤ 9.96 fL (P < .0001). This study provides evidence for heterogeneity in the profile of determinants for MPV between sexes. The observed interactions between genetic variability, CVRFs, and MPV and its association with the development of cardiovascular disease or thrombotic risk need to be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panova-Noeva
authors.affiliation: Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, Department of Medicine II, and.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis.
authors.forename: M Iris
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hermanns
authors.affiliation: Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, Department of Medicine II, and.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grossmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany;
authors.forename: Evgenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pefani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Henri M H
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Spronk
authors.affiliation: Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, Department of Medicine II, and.
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laubert-Reh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, and.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beutel
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany;
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany;
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blankenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany;
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany; DZHK, Partner Site Rhein-Main, Mainz, Germany; and.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Münzel
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lackner
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ten Cate
authors.affiliation: Center of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, Department of Medicine II, and DZHK, Partner Site Rhein-Main, Mainz, Germany; and.
authors.forename: Philipp S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Wild
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D063847:Mean Platelet Volume / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics