title: [Stimulating Type I interferon response with small molecules: revival of an old idea].
abstract: Type I interferons play a central role in the establishment of an innate immune response against viral infections and tumor cells. Shortly after their discovery in 1957, several groups have looked for small molecules capable of inducing the expression of these cytokines with therapeutic applications in mind. A set of active compounds in mice were identified, but because of their relative inefficiency in humans for reasons not understood at the time, these studies fell into oblivion. In recent years, the characterization of pathogen recognition receptors and the signaling pathways they activate, together with the discovery of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, have revolutionized our understanding of innate immunity. These discoveries and the popularization of high-throughput screening technologies have renewed the interest for small molecules that can induce type I interferons. Proofs about their therapeutic potency in humans are expected very soon.
authors.affiliation: Unitéde Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France - CNRS UMR3569, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khiar
authors.affiliation: Plateau 2MI, CNRS UMR8601, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CICB-Paris (FR 3567), Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pietrancosta
authors.affiliation: qÉuipe Chimie et Biologie, Nucléo(s)tides & Immunologie pour la Thérapie, CNRS UMR8601, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CICB-Paris (FR 3567), Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Olivier
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Vidalain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000502:physiology; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009965:Orphan Drug Production; D000069452:Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules / Q000276:immunology; D011487:Protein Conformation; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051200:Toll-Like Receptor 8 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000099197:STING Protein
chemical_list: D007369:Interferon Inducers; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors; D007370:Interferon Type I; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009705:Nucleosides; D000069452:Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D051200:Toll-Like Receptor 8; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C532857:STING1 protein, human; D000099197:STING Protein; C530855:Sting1 protein, mouse; C495349:TLR8 protein, human