title: Neuroinflammatory biomarkers: From stroke diagnosis and prognosis to therapy.
abstract: Stroke is the third leading cause of death in industrialized countries and one of the largest causes of permanent disability worldwide. Therapeutic options to fight stroke are still limited and the only approved drug is tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) and/or mechanical thrombectomy. Post-stroke inflammation is well known to contribute to the expansion of the ischemic lesion, whereas its resolution stimulates tissue repair and neuroregeneration processes. As inflammation highly influences susceptibility of stroke patients to overcome the disease, there is an increasing need to develop new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic strategies for post-stroke inflammation. This review provides a brief overview of the contribution of the inflammatory mechanisms to the pathophysiology of stroke. It specially focuses on the role of inflammatory biomarkers to help predicting stroke patients' outcome since some of those biomarkers might turn out to be targets to be therapeutically altered overcoming the urgent need for the identification of potent drugs to modulate stroke-associated inflammation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neuro Inflammation edited by Helga E. de Vries and Markus Schwaninger.
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: simatsalba@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simats
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: teresa.garcib@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: García-Berrocoso
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Neurology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: 31862jmv@comb.cat.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montaner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Biomarkers; Cerebral ischemia; Inflammation; Stroke; Therapeutic targets