title: Combination Low-Dose Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Plus Annexin A2 for Improving Thrombolytic Stroke Therapy.
abstract: Risk of hemorrhagic transformation, incomplete reperfusion, neurotoxicity, and a short treatment time window comprises major challenges for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) thrombolytic stroke therapy. Improving tPA therapy has become one of the highest priorities in the stroke field. This mini review article focuses on our recent efforts aimed at evaluating a novel combination approach of low-dose tPA plus recombinant annexin A2 (rA2, a tPA, and plasminogen co-receptor), which might enhance tPA thrombolytic efficacy, while reducing its associated complications related to intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation. Results of our experimental studies using a focal embolic stroke model in rats support the feasibility of the combination approach and suggest the potential for successful clinical translation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China ; Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA ; Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Zhanyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China ; Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Zhengbu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China ; Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-Shu
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: van Leyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China.
authors.forename: Xiaochuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Eng H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: annexin A2; cerebral ischemia; combination therapy; focal embolic stroke model; rats; thrombolysis; tissue-type plasminogen activator