title: Explicit and Implicit Positive Illusory Bias in Children With ADHD.
abstract: Children with ADHD overestimate their own social and behavioral competence when using explicit self-report measures, a phenomenon known as Positive Illusory Bias (PIB). This study examined whether children with ADHD show PIB when self-perceptions are measured implicitly, reflecting associations that are relatively difficult to consciously control.
  
  
  
  Participants were 23 children (ages 6.8-9.8) with ADHD and 55 typically developing (TD) children. Children's explicit self-perceptions of competence were measured via self-report on the Self-Perception Profile for Children; their implicit associations were assessed using an Implicit Association Test. Parent and teacher ratings formed an adult-reported composite indicator of children's competence, to which children's self-perceptions were compared.
  
  
  
  Children with ADHD overestimated their competence as compared with adult-informant reports on both explicit and implicit measures, whereas TD children tended to be accurate.
  
  
  
  Inflated self-perceptions in children with ADHD may exist on an implicit level outside of conscious awareness.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
authors.forename: Christina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Emeh
authors.affiliation: 2 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Amori Yee
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
authors.forename: Bethany A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Teachman
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007088:Illusions / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D012649:Self Concept; D057566:Self Report; D012919:Social Behavior
keywords: ADHD; implicit association test; positive illusory bias