title: Disconnect between adipose tissue inflammation and cardiometabolic dysfunction in Ossabaw pigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Ossabaw pig is emerging as an attractive model of human cardiometabolic disease because of its size and susceptibility to atherosclerosis, among other characteristics. The relationship between adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in this model was investigated here.
  
  
  METHODS
  Young female Ossabaw pigs were fed a Western-style high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 4) or control low-fat diet (LFD) (n = 4) for a period of 9 months and compared for cardiometabolic outcomes and adipose tissue inflammation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HFD-fed "OBESE" pigs were 2.5 times heavier (P < 0.001) than LFD-fed "LEAN" pigs and developed severe obesity. HFD feeding caused pronounced dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance (systemic and adipose), as well as induction of inflammatory genes, impairments in vasomotor reactivity to insulin, and atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. Remarkably, visceral, subcutaneous, and perivascular adipose tissue inflammation (via FACS analysis and RT-PCR) was not increased in OBESE pigs, nor were circulating inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings reveal a disconnect between adipose tissue inflammation and cardiometabolic dysfunction induced by Western diet feeding in the Ossabaw pig model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Victoria J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Vieira-Potter
authors.affiliation: Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Division of Sport Science and Sport Science Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sewon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bayless
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Scroggins
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Welly
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Medical Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Grace M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Meers
authors.affiliation: Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Medical Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: R Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rector
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.|Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Padilla
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin