title: Relationships between transporter expression and the status of BRAF V600E mutation and F-18 FDG uptake in papillary thyroid carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of the glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and to elucidate their relationship with the BRAF V600E mutation and F-18 FDG uptake.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed data of 52 PTC patients (41 women and 11 men; mean age, 52.4 ± 14.5 years). F-18 FDG PET/CT was performed preoperatively, and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was calculated. GLUT1/GLUT3 expression was determined immunohistochemically, and the BRAF V600E mutation was detected using DNA sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GLUT1 and GLUT3 were expressed in 82.7% (43/52) and 59.6% (31/52) PTCs, respectively. The BRAF V600E mutation was detected in 65.4% (34/52) PTCs. The odds ratio between GLUT1 expression and the BRAF V600E mutation was 5.2 (95% CI, 1.11-24.05; p < 0.05), and that between GLUT3 expression and the BRAF V600E mutation was 3.8 (95% CI, 1.14-12.53; p < 0.05). The SUVmax of PTCs was significantly higher if they carried the BRAF V600E mutation (11.3 ± 2.0, compared with 5.7 ± 1.4 for wild type BRAF tumors, Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.016). Neither GLUT1 nor GLUT3 expression was significantly associated with the SUVmax of F-18 FDG PET/CT in PTCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings confirmed that both GLUT1 and GLUT3 are strongly expressed by PTCs, although their expression was not significantly associated with the SUVmax of F-18 FDG PET/CT. However, GLUT1 and GLUT3 expressions were significantly associated with the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation, and the SUVmax of tumors was significantly higher in the presence of the mutated BRAF gene.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Nuclear Medicine , Good Samaritan Hospital , Pohang , Korea .
authors.forename: Minki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathology .
authors.forename: Soo Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: c Department of Surgery .
authors.forename: Tae Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: c Department of Surgery .
authors.forename: Tae Kwun
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: d Department of Preventive Medicine , and.
authors.forename: Sang-Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Urm
authors.affiliation: e Department of Nuclear Medicine , Inje University College of Medicine , Busan , Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: e Department of Nuclear Medicine , Inje University College of Medicine , Busan , Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Mo
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: e Department of Nuclear Medicine , Inje University College of Medicine , Busan , Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Kyun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014633:Valine / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051274:Glucose Transporter Type 3; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; C495687:SLC2A3 protein, human; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D014633:Valine
keywords: BRAF V600E mutation; F-18 FDG PET/CT; glucose transporter; maximum standardized uptake value; papillary thyroid carcinoma