title: Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI for predicting early response to induction chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in predicting the early response to induction chemotherapy (IC) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty NPC patients who received IC and CRT underwent an IVIM DW-MRI on a 1.5-Tesla MRI scanner. The pretreatment and posttreatment (20 days after IC initiation) IVIM-based parameters (ADC, D, D*, and f), and their percentage changes (△%), were compared between the effective (complete response or partial response) and ineffective (stable disease) groups based on RECIST 1.1, and between the residual and nonresidual groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the perfusion-related parameter' values showed significant differences between the effective and ineffective groups (p values for pref, postf, △%f, preD*, postD*, and △%D* were 0.364, 0.129, 0.792, 0.804, 0.167, and 0.428, respectively), or between the residual and nonresidual groups (P values for pref, postf, △%f, preD*, postD*, and △%D* were 0.328, 0.776, 0.546, 0.558, 0.214, and 0.414, respectively). The ineffective group exhibited higher preADC, higher preD and lower △%D values than the effective group (all P <  0.001). The nonresidual group had lower preD, lower preADC and higher △%D values (all P <  0.05) than the residual group. △%D had the highest area under curve (0.859) in predicting the response to IC, whereas preD had the highest area under curve (0.841) in predicting tumor residue after CRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diffusion-related IVIM-based parameters might be more helpful than perfusion-related parameters in predicting the early effects of IC and CRT for NPC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, the third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.|Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao-ping
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Hou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fei-ping
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lanlan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, the third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002277:Carcinoma; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009038:Motion; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D015588:Observer Variation; D010477:Perfusion; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: chemoradiotherapy; diffusion-weighted imaging; intravoxel incoherent motion; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; sensitivity and specificity; tumor response