title: Heart failure family-based education: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To systematically review evidence for the efficacy of family-based education for heart failure (HF) patients and carers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review was conducted. Databases CINAHL, MEDLINE Complete, Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched between 1 January 2005 and 1 May 2015. Randomised controlled trials included HF patient and carer dyads or carers alone. The primary outcome was HF knowledge. Secondary outcomes included self-care behaviour, dietary and treatment adherence, quality of life, depression, perceived control, hospital readmissions, and carer burden.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six trials reported in nine papers were included. Wide variation in the quality of the studies was found. Two studies only examined HF knowledge; a significant improvement among patients and carers was reported. Other significant findings were enhanced patient self-care, boosted dietary and treatment adherence, enriched patient quality of life, improved perceived control among patients but not carers, and reduced carer burden
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modest evidence was found for family-based education among HF patients and carers. Methodological shortcomings of trials signify the need for empirically sound future research.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family-based HF education needs to include strategies that are tailored to the HF patient and carer, and sustainable in nature.
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Heart and Mind, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Nursing, Surat Thani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nittaya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Srisuk
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Heart and Mind, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: Jan.Cameron@acu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Heart and Mind, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Chantal F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ski
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Heart and Mind, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012648:Self Care
keywords: Education; Family-based; Heart failure; Randomised controlled trials; Systematic review