title: Atomic Structure of Graphene Subnanometer Pores.
abstract: The atomic structure of subnanometer pores in graphene, of interest due to graphene's potential as a desalination and gas filtration membrane, is demonstrated by atomic resolution aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy. High temperatures of 500 °C and over are used to prevent self-healing of the pores, permitting the successful imaging of open pore geometries consisting of between -4 to -13 atoms, all exhibiting subnanometer diameters. Picometer resolution bond length measurements are used to confirm reconstruction of five-membered ring projections that often decorate the pore perimeter, knowledge which is used to explore the viability of completely self-passivated subnanometer pore structures; bonding configurations where the pore would not require external passivation by, for example, hydrogen to be chemically inert.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Alex W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Gun-Do
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kuang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Chuncheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Qu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Euijoon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Angus I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Kirkland
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jamie H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Warner
keywords: HRTEM; TEM; defects; electron microscopy; filter; graphene; nanopore