title: Activating KIRs alter susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in a South African population.
abstract: We investigate the role of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and human leukocyte antigen class-I (HLA) variants in susceptibility to tuberculosis in a South African population. In a sample set comprising 408 TB cases and 351 healthy controls, we show that the KIR3DS1 gene and KIR genotypes with five or more activating KIRs, and the presence of 3DS1, protect against developing active TB in the South African Coloured population. Several HLA class-I alleles were identified as susceptibility factors for TB disease. However, none of the KIR-HLA compound genotypes were found to be associated with TB. Our data suggests that the KIR genes may play an important role in TB disease.
authors.affiliation: SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: msalie@sun.ac.za.
authors.forename: Muneeb
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salie
authors.affiliation: SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daya
authors.affiliation: SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Marlo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.affiliation: SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Eileen G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Hoal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010641:Phenotype; D065840:Protective Factors; D054340:Receptors, KIR / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013019:South Africa; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D054340:Receptors, KIR
keywords: HLA; KIR; Susceptibility; Tuberculosis