title: Poverty indicators and mental health functioning among adults living with HIV in Delhi, India.
abstract: Poor mental health functioning among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) has gained considerable attention particularly in low-income countries that disproportionately carry the global HIV/AIDS burden. Fewer studies, however, have examined the relationship between poverty indicators and mental health among PHLIV in India. Based on this cross-sectional study of 196 HIV-seropositive adults who received medical services at Shalom AIDS Project in Delhi, India, structural equation modeling and mediation analysis were employed to estimate the associations between poverty indices (household asset index, food security, unemployment, water treatment, sanitation), HIV-health factors (illness in the past 3 months, co-morbid medical conditions), and psychological distress. In the final model, ownership of fewer household assets was associated with higher levels of food insecurity, which in turn was associated with higher psychological distress. Also, the household asset index, food insecurity, and unemployment had a larger effect on psychological distress than new opportunistic infections. These findings build on increasing evidence that support concerted efforts to design, evaluate, and refine HIV mental health interventions that are mainstreamed with livelihood programming in high poverty regions in India.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Wheaton College , Wheaton , IL , USA.
authors.forename: Ezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: b Department of Mathematics and Computer Science , Wheaton College , Wheaton , IL , USA.
authors.forename: Darcie A P
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Delzell
authors.affiliation: c Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics , University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign , Champaign , IL , USA.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.affiliation: d Department of Applied Economics , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , MN , USA.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cuffey
authors.affiliation: e Emmanuel Hospital Association , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cherian
authors.affiliation: e Emmanuel Hospital Association , Delhi , India.
authors.forename: Saira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matthew
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D005523:Food Supply; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014478:Unemployment
keywords: HIV/AIDS; India; food security; mental health; poverty