title: Elevated serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in type 2 diabetics compared to healthy controls: associations with subclinical atherosclerosis parameters.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. The association of the pro-inflammatory and potentially pro-atherosclerotic molecule, pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) with diabetes and vascular diseases remains to be further established. A total of 107 patients with type 2 diabetes and 101 healthy controls participated in this study. Serum levels of PAPP-A was measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). We also evaluated the lipid profile, aortic augmentation index, coronary calcium score, ankle brachial index, flow mediated dilation, and carotid intima media thickness. Serum level of PAPP-A was significantly higher in patients with diabetes compared to controls (P<0.001). In the multivariable regression analysis, PAPP-A was positively correlated with diabetes (P<0.001), aortic augmentation index (P=0.021) and was negatively associated with coronary calcification (P=0.050). In conclusion, serum levels of PAPP-A were significantly higher in diabetics compared to healthy controls and correlated with aortic augmentation index and coronary calcification. Our study results suggest that PAPP-A can be a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research center, Vali-asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behnam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fotouhi
authors.affiliation: Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Frshad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sharifi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pajouhi
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Koosha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paydary
authors.affiliation: Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fakhrzadeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001011:Aorta; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
keywords: Augmentation index; Coronary calcium score; Diabetes mellitus; Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A; Subclinical atherosclerosis