title: Bessel-beam Grueneisen relaxation photoacoustic microscopy with extended depth of field.
abstract: The short focal depth of a Gaussian beam limits the volumetric imaging speed of optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM). A Bessel beam, which is diffraction free, provides a long focal depth, but its side lobes deteriorate image quality when the Bessel beam is directly employed to excite photoacoustic (PA) signals in OR-PAM. We present a nonlinear approach based on the Grueneisen relaxation effect to suppress the side-lobe artifacts in PA imaging. This method extends the focal depth of OR-PAM and speeds up volumetric imaging. We experimentally demonstrated a 1-mm focal depth with a 7-μm lateral resolution and volumetrically imaged a carbon fiber and red blood cell samples.
authors.affiliation: Washington University, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Campus Box 1097, One Brooking Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States.
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Washington University, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Campus Box 1097, One Brooking Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United StatesbCity University of Hong Kong, Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering.
authors.forename: Lidai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Washington University, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Campus Box 1097, One Brooking Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United StatescUniversity of Twente, Optical Sciences, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, P.O. Bo.
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noordam
authors.affiliation: Washington University, Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Campus Box 1097, One Brooking Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States.
authors.forename: Lihong V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity