title: Evaluation of 5-year-old children with complete cleft lip and palate: Multicenter study. Part 1: Lip and nose aesthetic results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cleft surgery is marked by all the controversies and the multiplication of protocols, as it has been shown by the Eurocleft study. The objective of this pilot study is to start a comparison and analyzing procedure between primary surgical protocols in French centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four French centers with different primary surgical protocols for cleft lip and palate repair, have accepted to be involved in this retrospective study. In each center, 20 consecutive patients with complete cleft lip and palate (10 UCLP and 10 BCLP per center), non syndromic, have been evaluated at a mean age of 5 [4,6]. In this first part, the aesthetic results of nose and lip repair were assessed based on the scale established by Mortier et al. (1997).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Considering nose outcome, primary cleft repair surgery including a nasal dissection gives a statistically significant benefit in terms of septum deviation. Considering lip result, muscular dehiscence rate is significantly higher in BCLP patients with a two-stage lip closure. The centers using Millard one-stage lip closure do not have uniform results. For UCLP patients, the quality of scar is not statistically different between Skoog and Millard techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary results based on a simple, reproducible evaluation protocol. Extension to other centers required.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic study. Level III/retrospective multicenter comparative study.
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Prof. C. Bruant-Rodier), Cleft Competence Center, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France. Electronic address: carodissaux@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dissaux
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Prof. C. Bruant-Rodier), Cleft Competence Center, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bodin
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Prof. C. Bruant-Rodier), Cleft Competence Center, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grollemund
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department, French Cleft Reference Center, Necker Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picard
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department, French Cleft Reference Center, Necker Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Paule
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department, Cleft Competence Center, Grenoble University Hospital, Hôpital Michallon, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38043 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morand
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Plastic Surgery Department, Cleft Competence Center, Clinique du Val d'Ouest, 39 chemin de la Vernique, 69130 Ecully (Lyon), France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Prof. C. Bruant-Rodier), Cleft Competence Center, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kauffmann
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Prof. C. Bruant-Rodier), Cleft Competence Center, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bruant-Rodier
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Cleft lip and palate; Long-term results; Multicenter study; Nasolabial appearance; Treatment outcome measures