title: Assessment of tomato and wine processing solid wastes as soil amendments for biosolarization.
abstract: Pomaces from tomato paste and wine production are the most abundant fruit processing residues in California. These residues were examined as soil amendments for solarization to promote conditions conducive to soil disinfestation (biosolarization). Simulated biosolarization studies were performed in both aerobic and anaerobic soil environments and soil temperature elevation, pH, and evolution of CO2, H2 and CH4 gases were measured as metrics of soil microbial activity. Tomato pomace amendment induced conditions associated with soil pest inactivation, including elevation of soil temperature by up to 2°C for a duration of 4days under aerobic conditions and a reduction of soil pH from 6.5 to 4.68 under anaerobic conditions. White wine grape pomace amendment showed similar trends but to a lesser extent. Red wine grape pomace was generally less suitable for biosolarization due to significantly lower soil temperature elevations, reduced acidification relative to the other pomaces and induction of methanogenesis in the soil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States.
authors.forename: Yigal
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Achmon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States.
authors.forename: Duff R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Harrold
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States.
authors.forename: Joshua T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Claypool
authors.affiliation: Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program, University of California, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, United States.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States.
authors.forename: Jean S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: VanderGheynst
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States. Electronic address: cwsimmons@ucdavis.edu.
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D002140:California; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D018525:Germination; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018545:Lactuca / Q000254:growth & development; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D027843:Vitis; D014866:Waste Products; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014866:Waste Products; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Anaerobic soil disinfestation; Food and beverage processing wastes; Soil fumigant alternative; Soil respiration; Solarization; Sustainable agriculture; Tomato pomace; Wine grape pomace