title: 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose Ameliorates PKD Progression.
abstract: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an important cause of ESRD for which there exists no approved therapy in the United States. Defective glucose metabolism has been identified as a feature of ADPKD, and inhibition of glycolysis using glucose analogs ameliorates aggressive PKD in preclinical models. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic treatment with low doses of the glucose analog 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) on ADPKD progression in orthologous and slowly progressive murine models created by inducible inactivation of the Pkd1 gene postnatally. As previously reported, early inactivation (postnatal days 11 and 12) of Pkd1 resulted in PKD developing within weeks, whereas late inactivation (postnatal days 25-28) resulted in PKD developing in months. Irrespective of the timing of Pkd1 gene inactivation, cystic kidneys showed enhanced uptake of (13)C-glucose and conversion to (13)C-lactate. Administration of 2DG restored normal renal levels of the phosphorylated forms of AMP-activated protein kinase and its target acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Furthermore, 2DG greatly retarded disease progression in both model systems, reducing the increase in total kidney volume and cystic index and markedly reducing CD45-positive cell infiltration. Notably, chronic administration of low doses (100 mg/kg 5 days per week) of 2DG did not result in any obvious sign of toxicity as assessed by analysis of brain and heart histology as well as behavioral tests. Our data provide proof of principle support for the use of 2DG as a therapeutic strategy in ADPKD.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Basis of Polycystic Kidney Disease Unit.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiaravalli
authors.affiliation: Molecular Basis of Polycystic Kidney Disease Unit.
authors.forename: Isaline
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.affiliation: Molecular Basis of Polycystic Kidney Disease Unit, Biomolecular Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mannella
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Quilici
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Imaging, and.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Canu
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurgone
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Imaging, and.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: D'Adamo
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Imaging, and.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Musco
authors.affiliation: Molecular Basis of Polycystic Kidney Disease Unit, boletta.alessandra@hsr.it.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boletta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D003847:Deoxyglucose
keywords: ADPKD; metabolism; polycystic kidney disease