title: Surgical treatment of focal symptomatic refractory status epilepticus with and without invasive EEG.
abstract: Neurosurgery appears to be a reasonable alternative in carefully selected patients with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE). We discuss the optimal timing of the surgery and the use of previous stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) invasive evaluation.
  
  
  
  We identified 3 patients (two pediatric and one adult) who underwent epilepsy surgery because of RSE or SRSE from our epilepsy surgery database, one of them with previous SEEG.
  
  
  
  Status epilepticus resolved acutely in all of them with no mortality and no substantial morbidity. At follow-up (median: 2 years), 1 patient was seizure-free, and 2 had significant improvement.
  
  
  
  Surgery should be considered in all cases of RSE and SRSE early in the course of the evolution of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuello-Oderiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aberastury
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ana Gabriela
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Besocke
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Critical Care, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sinner
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Betiana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Comas-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ciraolo
authors.affiliation: Neurology Center, "Santa Elena", Salta, Argentina.
authors.forename: Maria Concepción
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pasteris
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Walter Horacio
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: María Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: García
keywords: Hemispherectomy; Invasive EEG; Refractory status epilepticus; Status epilepticus/surgery; Stereoelectroencephalography; Super-refractory status epilepticus