title: An overview of normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) received special attention in the publication of the conference proceedings from the Fourth International Workshop on the Management of Asymptomatic PHPT, although much remains unknown about the disorder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Observational studies have found that despite maintaining normocalcemia, patients with normocalcemic PHPT have a high incidence of kidney stones and osteoporosis. Small studies focusing on the cardiovascular implications of normocalcemic PHPT have shown a possible association with hypertension and an atherogenic lipid profile, but not insulin resistance. Recent data from small cohorts show that subjects with normocalcemic PHPT respond to medical therapy and have a positive densitometric response following parathyroid surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The available evidence suggests that patients with normocalcemic PHPT develop complications of PHPT, despite having normal calcium levels. Most data come from referral populations and information regarding a mild, asymptomatic form of the disease is lacking. Future research requires a standardized approach to the diagnostic criteria of normocalcemic PHPT.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia bDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pawlowska
authors.forename: Natalie E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Cusano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D049950:Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000209:etiology