title: Does physical exposure throughout working life influence chair-rise performance in midlife? A retrospective cohort study of associations between work and physical function in Denmark.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to study associations between physical exposures throughout working life and physical function measured as chair-rise performance in midlife.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank (CAMB) provided data about employment and measures of physical function. Individual job histories were assigned exposures from a job exposure matrix. Exposures were standardised to ton-years (lifting 1000 kg each day in 1 year), stand-years (standing/walking for 6 h each day in 1 year) and kneel-years (kneeling for 1 h each day in 1 year). The associations between exposure-years and chair-rise performance (number of chair-rises in 30 s) were analysed in multivariate linear and non-linear regression models adjusted for covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age among the 5095 participants was 59 years in both genders, and, on average, men achieved 21.58 (SD=5.60) and women 20.38 (SD=5.33) chair-rises in 30 s. Physical exposures were associated with poorer chair-rise performance in both men and women, however, only associations between lifting and standing/walking and chair-rise remained statistically significant among men in the final model. Spline regression analyses showed non-linear associations and confirmed the findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher physical exposure throughout working life is associated with slightly poorer chair-rise performance. The associations between exposure and outcome were non-linear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Public Health, The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reventlow
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Section of Social Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Åse Marie
authors.initials: ÅM
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lars L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Volkert
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Siersma
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Section of Social Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rikke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Section of Social Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Avlund
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland-University Clinic, Herning, Denmark.
authors.forename: Johan Hviid
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ole Steen
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Mortensen
mesh_terms: D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016272:Occupational Health; D010808:Physical Examination; D005082:Physical Exertion; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D016138:Walking; D017132:Workplace
keywords: EPIDEMIOLOGY; OCCUPATIONAL & INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE; PUBLIC HEALTH