title: Role of environmental pollution in irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with the prevalence of 10%-20 % of the population has become an emerging problem worldwide. IBS is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort and altered bowel habits. The etiology of IBS contains genetic, psychological, and immunological factors, and has not been fully elucidated; of note, recent studies also point at environmental pollution and its role in the development of functional GI diseases. In this review we focus on several environmental factors, such as bacterial contamination, air pollution, radiation and even stress as potential triggers of IBS. We discuss associated disturbances in homeostasis, such as changes in intestinal microbiome and related pathophysiological mechanisms. Based on the effect of environmental factors on the GI tract, we also propose novel targets in IBS treatment.
authors.affiliation: Mateusz Marynowski, Aleksandra Likońska, Hubert Zatorski, Jakub Fichna, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marynowski
authors.affiliation: Mateusz Marynowski, Aleksandra Likońska, Hubert Zatorski, Jakub Fichna, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Likońska
authors.affiliation: Mateusz Marynowski, Aleksandra Likońska, Hubert Zatorski, Jakub Fichna, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zatorski
authors.affiliation: Mateusz Marynowski, Aleksandra Likońska, Hubert Zatorski, Jakub Fichna, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fichna
mesh_terms: D000391:Air Microbiology; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D004785:Environmental Pollutants
keywords: Air pollution; Environmental pollution; Irritable bowel syndrome; Post infectious irritable bowel syndrome; Stress