title: Myeloperoxidase-Related Chlorination Activity Is Positively Associated with Circulating Ceruloplasmin in Chronic Heart Failure Patients: Relationship with Neurohormonal, Inflammatory, and Nutritional Parameters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heart failure (HF) is accompanied by the development of an imbalance between oxygen- and nitric oxide-derived free radical production leading to protein nitration. Both chlorinating and peroxidase cycle of Myeloperoxidase (MPO) contribute to oxidative and nitrosative stress and are involved in tyrosine nitration of protein. Ceruloplasmin (Cp) has antioxidant function through its ferroxidase I (FeOxI) activity and has recently been proposed as a physiological defense mechanism against MPO inappropriate actions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the relationship between plasma MPO-related chlorinating activity, Cp and FeOxI, and nitrosative stress, inflammatory, neurohormonal, and nutritional biomarkers in HF patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In chronic HF patients (n = 81, 76 ± 9 years, NYHA Class II (26); Class III (29); Class IV (26)) and age-matched controls (n = 17, 75 ± 11 years, CTR), plasma MPO chlorinating activity, Cp, FeOxI, nitrated protein, free Malondialdehyde, BNP, norepinephrine, hsCRP, albumin, and prealbumin were measured. Plasma MPO chlorinating activity, Cp, BNP, norepinephrine, and hsCRP were increased in HF versus CTR. FeOxI, albumin, and prealbumin were decreased in HF. MPO-related chlorinating activity was positively related to Cp (r = 0.363, P < 0.001), nitrated protein, hsCRP, and BNP and inversely to albumin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma MPO chlorinated activity is increased in elderly chronic HF patients and positively associated with Cp, inflammatory, neurohormonal, and nitrosative parameters suggesting a role in HF progression.
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy ; Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Aderville
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabassi
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone Maurizio
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Binno
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tedeschi
authors.affiliation: Dentistry School, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Gallia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Graiani
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galizia
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Clinic, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bianconcini
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy ; Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coghi
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fellini
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruffini
authors.affiliation: Histology and Embryology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Govoni
authors.affiliation: Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology Department, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piepoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perlini
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Regolisti
authors.affiliation: Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma Medical School, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fiaccadori
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000032:analysis*; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D054879:Halogenation; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D015415:Biomarkers; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D009195:Peroxidase; D002570:Ceruloplasmin