title: Hepatic fat fraction and visceral adipose tissue fatty acid composition in mice: Quantification with 7.0T MRI.
abstract: To develop an MRI method for quantifying hepatic fat content and visceral adipose tissue fatty acid composition in mice on a 7.0T preclinical system.
  
  
  
  MR acquisitions were performed with a multiple echo spoiled gradient echo with bipolar readout gradients. After phase correction, the number of double bounds (ndb) and the number of methylene interrupted double bounds (nmidb) were quantified with a model including eight fat components, and parametric maps of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were derived. The model included a complex error map to correct for the phase errors and the amplitude modulation caused by the bipolar acquisition. Validations were performed in fat-water emulsions and vegetable oils. In vivo, the feasibility was evaluated in mice receiving a high-fat diet containing primarily saturated fatty acids and a low-fat diet containing primarily unsaturated fatty acids.
  
  
  
  Linear regressions showed strong agreements between ndb and nmidb quantified with MRI and the theoretical values calculated using oil compositions, as well as between the proton density and the fat fractions in the emulsions. At MRI, the mouse liver fat fraction was smaller in mice fed the low-fat diet compared with mice fed the high-fat diet. In visceral adipose tissue, saturated fatty acids were significantly higher, whereas monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly lower in mice fed the low-fat diet compared with mice fed the high-fat diet.
  
  
  
  It is feasible to simultaneously quantify hepatic fat content and visceral adipose tissue fatty acid composition with 7.0T MRI in mice. Magn Reson Med 76:510-518, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center of Research on Inflammation, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leporq
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center of Research on Inflammation, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|BHF Centre of Excellence, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Simon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center of Research on Inflammation, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ronot
authors.affiliation: Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Imane
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boucenna
authors.affiliation: Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colinart
authors.affiliation: Department of HPB and liver transplantation, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cauchy
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center of Research on Inflammation, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vilgrain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center of Research on Inflammation, UMR1149 INSERM-University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Bernard E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Van Beers
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids
keywords: MRI; fat-water separation; fatty acid composition