title: Optimizing Stone-free Rates With Ureteroscopy.
abstract: Ureteroscopy is being increasingly utilized in the treatment and management of patients with renal and ureteral stones. Improving stone-free rates with ureteroscopy decreases the need for ancillary procedures and improves patient outcomes and satisfaction. This article reviews contemporary literature regarding the efficacy of a wide range of currently available techniques for improving stone-free rates with this procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL.
authors.forename: Thanmaya G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL.
authors.forename: Dean G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Assimos
keywords: Stone-free rate; Upper urinary tract stones; Ureteroscopy