title: MicroRNAs as biomarkers and prospective therapeutic targets in colon and pancreatic cancers.
abstract: Colon and pancreatic cancers have high mortality rates due to early metastasis prior to the onset of symptoms. Screening tests for colorectal cancer are invasive and expensive. No effective screening is available for pancreatic cancer. Identification of biomarkers for early detection in both of these cancers is being extensively researched. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding molecule biomarkers that regulate cancers. Measurement of miRNAs in pancreatic fluid or blood could be a preferred non-invasive screening method. The regulation of colon and pancreatic cancers by miRNA is complex. miRNA play a central role in inflammation, invasiveness, and tumor progression in these two cancers, as well as regulation of the NF-κB pathway. miRNA's evolving role in screening is also reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton RD NE, Office 3025, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. pganji@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Ganji Purnachandra
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Nagaraju
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, 12 LE1 9HN.
authors.forename: Appiya Santharam
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Madanraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500085, India.
authors.forename: Sheik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aliya
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton RD NE, Office 3025, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.|Department of Microbiology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
authors.forename: Balney
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rajitha
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton RD NE, Office 3025, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Olatunji Boladale
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Alese
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India.
authors.forename: Ekamber
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kariali
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
authors.forename: Afroz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton RD NE, Office 3025, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Bassel F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: El-Rayes
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs; D016328:NF-kappa B
keywords: Colon cancer; MicroRNA; NF-κB; Pancreatic cancer