title: External gamma irradiation-induced effects in early-life stages of zebrafish, Danio rerio.
abstract: In the general context of validation of tools useful for the characterization of ecological risk linked to ionizing radiation, the effects of an external gamma irradiation were studied in zebrafish larvae irradiated for 96 h with two dose rates: 0.8 mGy/d, which is close to the level recommended to protect ecosystems from adverse effects of ionizing radiation (0.24 mGy/d) and a higher dose rate of 570 mGy/d. Several endpoints were investigated, such as mortality, hatching, and some parameters of embryo-larval development, immunotoxicity, apoptosis, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and histological alterations. Results showed that an exposure to gamma rays induced an acceleration of hatching for both doses and a decrease of yolk bag diameter for the highest dose, which could indicate an increase of global metabolism. AChE activity decreased with the low dose rate of gamma irradiation and alterations were also shown in muscles of irradiated larvae. These results suggest that gamma irradiation can induce damages on larval neurotransmission, which could have repercussions on locomotion. DNA damages, basal ROS production and apoptosis were also induced by irradiation, while ROS stimulation index and EROD biotransformation activity were decreased and gene expression of acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, cytochrome p450 and myeloperoxidase increased. These results showed that ionizing radiation induced an oxidative stress conducting to DNA damages. This study characterized further the modes of action of ionizing radiation in fish.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France. Electronic address: beatrice.gagnaire@irsn.fr.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gagnaire
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cavalié
authors.affiliation: Neolys Diagnostics, Lyon 69373, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Floriani
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dubourg
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Camilleri
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adam-Guillermin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000528:radiation effects; D007814:Larva / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D014878:Water Pollution, Radioactive / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Biomarkers; Danio rerio; Embryo-larval development; Gamma irradiation; Gene expression; Transmission electron microscopy; Zebrafish