title: Effect of taking a one time injection of one mg leuprolide acetate three days after embryo transfer on pregnancy outcome and level of first beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) level.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the injection of a gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) three days after embryo transfer will improve pregnancy and implantation rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  One mg s.c. of leuprolide acetate was randomly given based on patient decision three days after embryo transfer to some patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For women aged ≤ 43 the clinical pregnancy rate for those not taking the GnRHa was 39.5% (68/122) vs. 54.5% (42/77) for those taking leuprolide acetate (Chi-square, p = 0.0275). The respective implantation rates were 22.6% vs. 30.2% (p = 0.0495). There was no difference in first serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels according to whether leuprolide was used or not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leuprolide acetate similar to other GnRH agonists can improve implantation rates following IVF-ET when injected once in mid-luteal phase. The beneficial effect may be on GnRH receptors in the endometrium rather than the embryo (which had been hypothesized to direct increased placental production of hCG).
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Check
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Summers-Chase
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate
chemical_list: D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D016729:Leuprolide