title: Development of the National Kidney Transplantation Program in Uruguay.
abstract: The first kidney transplantation (KT) in Uruguay was performed in 1969. We report the rates of KT and survival of patients and grafts up to December 2014. The country has a surface of 176,215 km(2) and a population of 3,286,314 inhabitants (18.6 inhabitants per km(2)). Till December 31, 2014, 1,940 KT have been performed in Uruguay (41.8 pmp that year); 90.4% of them were from cadaveric donors (CD). Median age of recipients (R) was 44 ± 14 years; R older than 55 years increased from 0 to 27% during the period. Our pre-emptive KT program started in 2007. Optimal donors (D) decreased from 65.2% to 35.5%, and D older than 45 years old increased from 9% to 37%. Trauma as cause of death decreased from 49% to 32% and stroke as cause of death increased from 25% to 39%. Patient survival rates at 1, 5, and 8 years were 93%, 87%, and 78%, respectively for KT performed between 1980 and 1989; they were 98%, 93%, and 89%, respectively, for KT performed between 1990 and1999; they were 97%, 91%, and 90%, respectively, for KT performed between 2000 and 2010. In December 2013, there were 1098 patients pmp in renal replacement therapy, 758 pmp in dialysis, and 340 pmp (30.9%) with a functioning graft. Our national KT program is mainly based (90.6%) on cadaveric donation. Epidemiological changes in the characteristics of R and D followed the changes in aging that occurred in the general population and the dialysis population. The survival rates from patients and kidneys are similar to those reported by the European and the American registries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay. Electronic address: frgonzalezmartinez@gmail.com.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: González-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orihuela
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Donation and Transplantation, Universidad de la República and Ministerio de Salud Pública, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Evangelical Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dibello
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Curi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay; Ablation Team, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nin
authors.affiliation: Evangelical Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wimber
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Donation and Transplantation, Universidad de la República and Ministerio de Salud Pública, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mizraji
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Donation and Transplantation, Universidad de la República and Ministerio de Salud Pública, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bengochea
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay; Ablation Team, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay; Ablation Team, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manzo
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Donation and Transplantation, Universidad de la República and Ministerio de Salud Pública, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toledo
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay; Evangelical Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay; Ablation Team, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Á
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Chopitea
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Evangelical Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Balboa
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Urology Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Porto
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Noboa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016730:Program Development; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015996:Survival Rate; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014583:Uruguay / Q000453:epidemiology