title: Risk factors for the severity of injury incurred in crashes involving on-duty police cars.
abstract: This article explores the risk factors associated with police cars on routine patrol and/or on an emergency run and their effects on the severity of injuries in crashes.
  
  
  
  The binary probit model is used to examine the effects of important factors on the risk of injuries sustained in crashes involving on-duty police cars.
  
  
  
  Several factors significantly increase the probability of crashes that cause severe injuries. Among those causes are police officers who drive at excessive speeds, traffic violations during emergency responses or pursuits, and driving during the evening (6 to 12 p.m.) or in rainy weather. Findings also indicate some potential issues associated with an increase in the probability of crashes that cause injuries. Younger police drivers were found to be more likely to be involved in crashes causing injuries than middle-aged drivers were. Distracted driving by on-duty police officers as well as civilian drivers who did not pull over to let a police car pass in emergency situations also caused serious crashes.
  
  
  
  Police cars are exempted from certain traffic laws under emergency circumstances. However, to reduce the probability of being involved in a crash resulting in severe injuries, officers are still obligated to drive safely and follow safety procedures when responding to emergencies or pursuing a car. Enhancement of training techniques for emergency situations or driving in pursuit of an offender and following the safety procedures are essential for safety in driving during an emergency run by police.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Business Administration , National Chiayi University , Chiayi , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsing-Chung
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration / Q000009:adverse effects; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000071826:Distracted Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016495:Police; D011891:Rain; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D013997:Time Factors; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: crashes; driving behaviors; injury severity; police