title: Nanomedicine and drug delivery strategies for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are two important categories of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because the precise mechanisms of the inflammation and immune responses in IBD have not been fully elucidated, the treatment of IBD primarily aims to inhibit the pathogenic factors of the inflammatory cascade. Inconsistencies exist regarding the response and side effects of the drugs that are currently used to treat IBD. Recent studies have suggested that the use of nanomedicine might be advantageous for the treatment of intestinal inflammation because nano-sized molecules can effectively penetrate epithelial and inflammatory cells. We reviewed nanomedicine treatments, such as the use of small interfering RNAs, antisense oligonucleotides, and anti-inflammatory molecules with delivery systems in experimental colitis models and clinical trials for IBD based on a systematic search. The efficacy and usefulness of the treatments reviewed in this manuscript have been demonstrated in experimental colitis models and clinical trials using various types of nanomedicine. Nanomedicine is expected to become a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of IBD.
authors.affiliation: Hidetoshi Takedatsu, Keiichi Mitsuyama, Takuji Torimura, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takedatsu
authors.affiliation: Hidetoshi Takedatsu, Keiichi Mitsuyama, Takuji Torimura, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsuyama
authors.affiliation: Hidetoshi Takedatsu, Keiichi Mitsuyama, Takuji Torimura, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Torimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D000067492:RNAi Therapeutics
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
keywords: Antisense oligonucleotide; Crohn’s disease; Inflammatory bowel disease; Nanomedicine; Small interfering RNA; Ulcerative colitis