title: Assessment of the Association between Human Papillomavirus Infection and Breast Carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women throughout the world. There are controversial reports on the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in breast carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of HPV-DNA in invasive breast carcinoma to determine the association between HPV infection and breast carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 100 cases with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and 50 control tissues of mammoplasty specimens. HPV-DNA was purified and amplified through GP5+/GP6+ and MY09/MY11 primers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All tested carcinomas as well as normal tissues were negative for all types of HPV in PCR assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results do not support the association between HPV infection and breast carcinoma. Further studies involving larger number of cases are required to elucidate the role of HPV infection in breast carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eslamifar
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amitis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramezani
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Kayhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Azadmanesh
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farahnaz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bidari-Zerehpoosh
authors.affiliation: Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Diseases, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banifazl
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arezoo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aghakhani
keywords: Breast; Carcinoma; Human Papillomavirus (HPV)