title: Comparative analysis of gingival crevicular fluid β-glucuronidase levels in health, chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Current methods available for periodontal disease diagnosis are seriously deficient in terms of accuracy, in the ability to predict ongoing or future disease activity and indeed in determining whether previously diseased sites are in an arrested phase or still active. One area that is receiving a great deal of attention is the biochemical investigation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). β-glucuronidase (βG) is one of the enzymes found in GCF that is involved in degradation of the ground substance and fibrillar components of host connective tissue. GCF βG activity might be a good indicator or predictor of periodontal disease activity. This study was conducted to estimate and compare the GCF βG levels in patients with healthy periodontium, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were classified into three groups of 20 patients each; healthy individuals, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis. After recording the plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth, 1 μL GCF was collected by placing a calibrated microcapillary pipette extracrevicularly and transferred to sterile plastic vials containing 350 μL of normal saline with 1% bovine serum albumin. Analysis of βG was done by spectrophotometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  βG levels in GCF were significantly higher in chronic periodontitis group (mean value - 2.04743), followed by chronic gingivitis group (mean - 1.11510) and healthy group (0.53643).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased βG levels were observed in patients with increased periodontal destruction, hence GCF βG levels can be used as biochemical marker for periodontal disease activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Manassery, Calicut, India.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Sanara
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Edapally, Ernakulam, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shereef
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Shashikanth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Rajesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arun Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Manassery, Calicut, India.
authors.forename: Shabeer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohamed
keywords: disease activity marker; gingival crevicular fluid; β-glucuronidase