title: Phenotypic and genotypic profile of pyrethroid resistance in populations of the mosquito Aedes aegypti from Goiânia, Central West Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mosquito Aedes aegypti has evolved resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. The present study evaluated Ae. aegypti from Goiânia for the resistant phenotype and for mutations associated with resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insecticide dose-response bioassays were conducted on mosquitoes descended from field-collected eggs, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to genotype 90 individuals at sites implicated in pyrethroid resistance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All mosquito populations displayed high levels of resistance to deltamethrin, as well as high frequencies of the 1016Ile kdr and 1534Cys kdrmutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aedes aegypti populations in the Goiânia area are highly resistant to deltamethrin, presumably due to high frequencies of kdr(knockdown-resistance) mutations.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francesca Guaracyaba Garcia
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Chapadense
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Everton Kort Kamp
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Bento Pereira
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ademir Jesus
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Carrara
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental,, Secretaria de Saúde, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Welington Tristão da
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adelair Helena Dos
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cravo
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007306:Insecticides; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009570:Nitriles; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011722:Pyrethrins
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin