title: True First-Line Local-Anesthesia Only Protocol for Transfemoral TAVI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and feasibility of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) via femoral access under local anesthesia only (without concomitant sedation) as the initial strategy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients undergoing planned transfemoral TAVI without routine general anesthesia between May 2005 and December 2013 were identified. Baseline characteristics, procedural outcomes, and a 30-day clinical follow-up were obtained. A total of 215 patients underwent TAVI with local anesthesia only as the initial strategy (LA group). Of these patients, 40 (18.6%) received additional sedation (LAS group) during the procedure due to inadequate pain control or agitation and 7 patients (3.3%) underwent conversion to general anesthesia (GA group). TAVI was successfully performed in 211 cases (98.2%). When 30-day outcomes for patients requiring only local anesthesia were compared with patients requiring additional sedation, there was a significantly longer duration of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay in the group with additional sedation (LAS, 5.0 days [range, 3.0-6.0 days] vs LA 3 days [range, 2.0-5.0 days]; P=.02) and general anesthesia (GA 7.0 days [range, 2.5-18.0 days] vs LA 3 days [range, 2.0-5.0]; P=.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that TAVI with LA only as the initial strategy is a feasible alternative to GA, with potential benefit of this strategy over using routine concomitant sedation. LA only may be considered a primary option in many patients.
authors.forename: Kerstin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Piayda
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gafoor
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertog
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doss
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaskelyte
authors.forename: Predrag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matic
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Staiger
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinartz
authors.affiliation: CardioVascular Center Frankfurt, Seckbacher Landstrasse 65, 60389 Frankfurt, Germany. info@cvcfrankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sievert
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / Q000379:methods*