title: Mental Health Mobile Apps: From Infusion to Diffusion in the Mental Health Social System.
abstract: The roles of mental health educators and professionals in the diffusion of mental health mobile apps are addressed in this viewpoint article. Mental health mobile apps are emerging technologies that fit under the broad heading of mobile health (mHealth). mHealth, encompassed within electronic health (eHealth), reflects the use of mobile devices for the practice of public health. Well-designed mental health mobile apps that present content in interactive, engaging, and stimulating ways can promote cognitive learning, personal growth, and mental health enhancement. As key influencers in the mental health social system, counselor educators and professional associations may either help or hinder diffusion of beneficial mHealth technologies. As mental health mobile apps move towards ubiquity, research will continue to be conducted. The studies published thus far, combined with the potential of mental health mobile apps for learning and personal growth, offer enough evidence to compel mental health professionals to infuse these technologies into education and practice. Counselor educators and professional associations must use their influential leadership roles to train students and practitioners in how to research, evaluate, and integrate mental health mobile apps into practice. The objectives of this article are to (1) increase awareness of mHealth and mental health mobile apps, (2) demonstrate the potential for continued growth in mental health mobile apps based on technology use and acceptance theory, mHealth organizational initiatives, and evidence about how humans learn, (3) discuss evidence-based benefits of mental health mobile apps, (4) examine the current state of mHealth diffusion in the mental health profession, and (5) offer solutions for impelling innovation diffusion by infusing mental health mobile apps into education, training, and clinical settings. This discussion has implications for counselor educators, mental health practitioners, associations, continuing education providers, and app developers.
authors.affiliation: East Counseling Services, Inc. Private Counseling Practice Panama City Beach, FL United States ; The University of West Florida Instructional & Performance Technology Specialization Pensacola, FL United States.
authors.forename: Marlene Lynette
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0748-8008
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: East
authors.affiliation: The University of West Florida Associate Professor, Instructional & Performance Technology Department Pensacola, FL United States.
authors.forename: Byron C
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6870-7745
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Havard
keywords: clinical efficacy; counselors; ethical codes; innovation diffusion; instructional technology; mHealth; mental health; mobile health; smartphone