title: [How to become a pharmacist via the medical juries, during the Consulate and the Empire].
abstract: The law of Germinal an XI organized the education of pharmacists. It offered two different pathways to become a pharmacist. The first one needed three years in a pharmacy followed by three years of courses in a School of Pharmacy (located in Paris, Montpellier or Strasbourg) and the examination had to be passed in the School. The second one needed eight years in a pharmacy followed by an examination in front of a Medical jury. Medical juries were organized in every department and were composed by three physicians and four pharmacists. An interesting document, a book gathering together all the preparations realized during years 1811, 1812, 1813, collected by Claude Duméril in many departments, will allow to study what had been asked to the candidates in Rouen, in 1813, and what were reference pharmacopoeias used.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lafont
mesh_terms: D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000266:history; D000077406:History of Pharmacy; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D010297:Paris; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000266:history*