title: Effect of movement rate on corticokinematic coherence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the effect of movement rate on the coupling between cortical magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals and the kinematics of repetitive active finger movements, i.e., the corticokinematic coherence (CKC).
  
  
  METHODS
  CKC was evaluated in ten right-handed healthy adults performing repetitive flexion-extension of the right-hand fingers in three different movement rate conditions: slow (∼1 Hz, duration: 11 min), medium (∼2 Hz, duration: 5 min) and fast (∼3 Hz, duration: 3 min). Neuromagnetic signals were recorded with a whole-scalp-covering MEG (Elekta Oy) and index acceleration was monitored with a 3-axis accelerometer. Coherent sources were estimated on the time-course of the cross-correlogram using equivalent current dipole (ECD) modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant coherence was found at movement frequency or its first harmonics in all subjects and movement conditions. ECDs clustered at the primary sensorimotor cortex contralateral to hand movements. Movement rate had no effect on the coherence levels and the location of coherent sources.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the movement rate does not affect coherence levels and CKC source location during active finger movements. This finding has direct implications for CKC functional mapping applications and studies investigating the pathophysiology of central nervous disorders affecting proprioceptive pathways.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: bmarty@ulb.ac.be.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marty
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and MEG Core and Advanced Magnetic Imaging (AMI) Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourguignon
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Op de Beeck
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wens
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Bogaert
authors.affiliation: Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and MEG Core and Advanced Magnetic Imaging (AMI) Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jousmäki
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de cartographie fonctionnelle du cerveau, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, 808, Lennik Street, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: De Tiège
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D011434:Proprioception / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cartographie fonctionnelle; Cohérence corticocinématique; Corticokinematic coherence; Functional mapping; Magnetoencephalography; Magnétoencéphalographie; Proprioception; Sensorimoteur; Sensorimotor