title: Histopathological alterations in the striatum caused by Karwinskia humboldtiana (Buckthorn) fruit in an experimental model of peripheral neuropathy.
abstract: The accidental ingestion of Karwinskia humboldtiana (Kh) fruit in humans and animals causes chronic or acute intoxication. Acute poisoning induces respiratory failure that progresses rapidly to death. Studies in animals intoxicated with Kh describe lesions in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal cord, hippocampus and caudate nucleus. Kh intoxication in Wistar rats models the sub-lethal clinical phase observed in humans. Considering these reports, the present study analyzed the histopathological alterations within the striatum following experimental Kh intoxication. Twenty Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n =5) and were intoxicated with Kh fruit. A control group (n =5) was included. Animals were euthanized at several time points (48, 58 and 170 days post-intoxication). The brain was collected, divided and processed for conventional histology or electron microscopy. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, cresyl violet, Klüver-Barrera, and toluidine blue. Immunolabeling was performed for glial cells in the striatum, and the samples were analyzed with light microscopy. Morphometric and statistical analyses were performed. In control group, neurons, axon bundles and neuropil had a normal appearance. At 48 days, hyperchromic neurons with apparent decreased size were observed interspersed among the normal neurons. At 58 days, we observed an increased number of hyperchromic neurons and disorganization of the myelin sheath and neuropil. At 170 days, these alterations persisted in the paralysis group. In treated groups, we observed signs of gliosis and increased axonal diameters. This study is the first report that describes the histopathological alterations within the striatum caused by chronic intoxication with Kh fruit in the Wistar rat.
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Rosa Nelly
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Díaz-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castillo-González
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Katya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carcaño-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Juárez
authors.affiliation: Department de Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Martha E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Salazar-Leal
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Service, Faculty of Medicine and Universitary Hospital "Dr. José Eleuterio González", University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Gerardo E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montes-de-Oca-Luna
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León and Northeast Biomedical Research Centre (CIBIN) of the IMSS, Monterrey, N.l, México.
authors.forename: Odila
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saucedo-Cárdenas
authors.affiliation: Department de Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.l, México. ibqasoto@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soto-Domínguez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000633:toxicity; D031956:Karwinskia / Q000633:toxicity*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar