title: Ab initio electron propagator calculations of transverse conduction through DNA nucleotide bases in 1-nm nanopore corroborate third generation sequencing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The conduction properties of DNA molecule, particularly its transverse conductance (electron transfer through nucleotide bridges), represent a point of interest for DNA chemistry community, especially for DNA sequencing. However, there is no fully developed first-principles theory for molecular conductance and current that allows one to analyze the transverse flow of electrical charge through a nucleotide base.
  
  
  METHODS
  We theoretically investigate the transverse electron transport through all four DNA nucleotide bases by implementing an unbiased ab initio theoretical approach, namely, the electron propagator theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The electrical conductance and current through DNA nucleobases (guanine [G], cytosine [C], adenine [A] and thymine [T]) inserted into a model 1-nm Ag-Ag nanogap are calculated. The magnitudes of the calculated conductance and current are ordered in the following hierarchies: gA>gG>gC>gT and IG>IA>IT>IC correspondingly. The new distinguishing parameter for the nucleobase identification is proposed, namely, the onset bias magnitude. Nucleobases exhibit the following hierarchy with respect to this parameter: Vonset(A)<Vonset(T)<Vonset(G)<Vonset(C).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The difference in current magnitudes and onset voltages implies the possibility of nucleobases electrical identification by virtue of DNA translocation through an electrode-equipped nanopore.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results represent interest for the theorists and practitioners in the field of third generation sequencing techniques as well as in the field of DNA chemistry.
authors.affiliation: Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, Russia; Department of Nano- and Biomedical Technologies, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, Russia. Electronic address: kletsov@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aleksey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kletsov
authors.affiliation: Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, Russia; Department of Nano- and Biomedical Technologies, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgeny G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Glukhovskoy
authors.affiliation: Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, Russia; Department of Nano- and Biomedical Technologies, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Aleksey S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chumakov
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Ortiz
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004579:Electron Transport; D058608:Nanopores; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: DNA transverse conduction; Electron propagator theory; Nucleobase conductance; Nucleotide identification; Onset voltage; Third generation sequencing