title: Membrane fusion in muscle development and repair.
abstract: Mature skeletal muscle forms from the fusion of skeletal muscle precursor cells, myoblasts. Myoblasts fuse to other myoblasts to generate multinucleate myotubes during myogenesis, and myoblasts also fuse to other myotubes during muscle growth and repair. Proteins within myoblasts and myotubes regulate complex processes such as elongation, migration, cell adherence, cytoskeletal reorganization, membrane coalescence, and ultimately fusion. Recent studies have identified cell surface proteins, intracellular proteins, and extracellular signaling molecules required for the proper fusion of muscle. Many proteins that actively participate in myoblast fusion also coordinate membrane repair. Here we will review mammalian membrane fusion with specific attention to proteins that mediate myoblast fusion and muscle repair.
authors.affiliation: Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern, USA.
authors.forename: Alexis R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Demonbreun
authors.affiliation: Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern, USA.
authors.forename: Bridget H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Biersmith
authors.affiliation: Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern, USA. Electronic address: elizabeth.mcnally@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: McNally
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D024510:Muscle Development; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000502:physiology; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: Development; Fusion; Membrane; Muscle; Myoblast; Repair