title: Correlation of Inflammation and Lipoprotein (a) with Hypercoagulability in Hemodialysis Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory and procoagulant markers are potential mediators for the cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], is another important risk factor with inflammatory and procoagulant effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 78 hemodialysis patients and 40 controls, C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)], fibrinogen, D-dimer, von Wilebrand factor (vWF) and serum albumin were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CRP, IL-6, Lp(a), fibrinogen, D-dimer and vWF, were significantly higher, and serum albumin was significantly lower in patients compared to controls (24.40 mg/L vs. 6.39 mg/L, p<0.001; 1.92 pg/ml vs. 0.35 pg/ml, 28.05 mg/dL vs.16.25 mg/dL, p<0.001; 3.44 g/L vs. 2.55 g/L, p<0.01; 1.81 µgFEU /ml vs. 0.50 µgFEU /ml, p<0.01; 152.9 % vs. 85.6 %, p<0.001; 32.1 g/L vs. 40.50 g/L, p<0.001). The patients were divided into two groups: 40 patients with CRP levels over than 10 mg/L and 38 with CRP levels in normal range. These parameters showed significant differences between patients with elevated CRP and patients with normal CRP levels. CRP and IL-6 correlated positively with Lp(a), (r = 0.62, p < 0.001; r=0.54, p<0.001), fibrinogen, (r = 0.63, p < 0.001; r = 0.49, p<0.01) D dimer (r = 0.72, p<0.001; r = 0.55, p<0.01), vWF (r = 0.76, p<0.01; r = 0.63, p<0.001) and negatively with serum albumin (r = -0.80, p<0.01; r = -0.60, p<0.001), in patients with elevated CRP, but not in patients with normal CRP levels and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the results hemodialysis patients with increased inflammatory markers, have the elevated Lp(a) and procoagulant markers and the greater risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Valdete
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Topçiu-Shufta
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Valdete
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Haxhibeqiri
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Luljeta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Begolli
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Zana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Baruti-Gafurri
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Shemsi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veseli
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Shpend
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haxhibeqiri
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Ramë
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miftari
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kurti
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova.
authors.forename: Driton
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Avdiu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D015850:Interleukin-6; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D012709:Serum Albumin; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Lp(a); chronic hemodialysis; hypercoagulability; inflammation