title: Prediction of age and gender using digital radiographic method: A retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate age, sex based on gonial angle, width and breadth of the ramus of the mandible by digital orthopantomograph.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 200 panoramic radiographic images were selected. The age of the individuals ranged between 4 and 75 years of both the gender - males (113) and females (87) and selected radiographic images were measured using KLONK image measurement software tool with linear, angular measurement. The investigated radiographs were collected from the records of SRM Dental College, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Radiographs with any pathology, facial deformities, if no observation of mental foramen, congenital deformities, magnification, and distortion were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean, median, standard deviation, derived to check the first and third quartile, linear regression is used to check age and gender correlation with angle of mandible, height and width of the ramus of mandible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The radiographic method is a simpler and cost-effective method of age identification compared with histological and biochemical methods. Mandible is strongest facial bone after the skull, pelvic bone. It is validatory to predict age and gender by many previous studies. Radiographic and tomographic images have become an essential aid for human identification in forensic dentistry forensic dentists can choose the most appropriate one since the validity of age and gender estimation crucially depends on the method used and its proper application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Poongodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanmani
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Anandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Krithika
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Raghuram
keywords: Height and width measurements; mandible; ramus of mandible; sex determination