title: Noninvasive biomarkers for acute hepatotoxicity induced by 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol: hyperpolarized 13C dynamic MR spectroscopy.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cellular metabolite change for acute hepatotoxicity induced by 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) in rats and its correlations with the enzyme levels. In order to induce acute hepatotoxicity, a single subcutaneous injection of 1,3-DCP (80 mg/kg) was given to six male Sprague-Dawley rats. Hyperpolarized (13)C dynamic magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was performed on rat liver following injection of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] pyruvate. The levels of serum aspartate am inotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the 1,3-DCP treated rats were significantly increased as compared with those in normal rats. In the dynamic (13)C MR spectra, the ratios of [1-(13)C] lactate to the total carbon and [1-(13)C] alanine to the total carbon in the 1,3-DCP treated rats were significantly increased, and there were positive correlations between cellular metabolic changes and enzyme levels. The levels of [1-(13)C] lactate and [1-(13)C] alanine are potentially considered as important biomarkers for the 1,3-DCP-induced acute hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Medical Imaging, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gwang-Won
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Choon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Yeon
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Hyeon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Gyoon
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heoung-Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Medical Imaging, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: gwjeong@jnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Gwang-Woo
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D066241:Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C033489:1,3-dichloro-2-propanol; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin; D000409:Alanine
keywords: 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol(1,3-DCP); Cellular metabolism; Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP); Hepatotoxicity; Hyperpolarized (13)C