title: Managing neurocysticercosis: challenges and solutions.
abstract: Taenia solium neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a major cause of neurological morbidity in the world. Variability in the neuropathology and clinical presentation of NCC often make it difficult to diagnose and manage. Diagnosis of NCC can be challenging especially in endemic and resource-limited countries where laboratory and imaging techniques are often lacking. NCC management can also be challenging as current treatment options are limited and involve symptomatic agents, antiparasitic agents, or surgery. Although antiparasitic treatment probably reduces the number of active lesions and long-term seizure frequency, its efficacy is limited and strategies to improve treatment regimens are warranted. Treatment decisions should be individualized in relation to the type of NCC. Initial measures should focus on symptomatic management, with antiparasitic therapy only to be considered later on, when appropriate. Symptomatic treatment remains the cornerstone in NCC management which should not only focuses on epilepsy, but also on other manifestations that cause considerable burden (recurrent headaches, cognitive decline). Accurate patients' categorization, better antiparasitic regimens, and definition of new clinical outcomes for trials on NCC could improve management quality and prognosis of NCC. Prevention strategies targeting tapeworm carriers and infected pigs are yielding good results in local models. If local elimination of transmission is confirmed and replicated, this will open the door to cysticercosis eradication efforts worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Yannick Fogoum
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Fogang
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Abdoul Aziz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Savadogo
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Massaman
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camara
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Dènahin Hinnoutondji
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Toffa
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basse
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Adjaratou Djeynabou
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sow
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Fann Teaching Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: Mouhamadou Mansour
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ndiaye
keywords: Taenia solium; albendazole; epilepsy; headache; neurocysticercosis; praziquantel