title: Heat Killed Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 Reduces Fibrosis Effects on the Liver and Heart in High Fat Diet-Hamsters via TGF-β Suppression.
abstract: Obesity is one of the major risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and NAFLD is highly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Scholars have suggested that certain probiotics may significantly impact cardiovascular health, particularly certain Lactobacillus species, such as Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 (Lr263) probiotics, which have been shown to reduce obesity and arteriosclerosis in vivo. In the present study, we examined the potential of heat-killed bacteria to attenuate high fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic and cardiac damages and the possible underlying mechanism of the positive effects of heat-killed Lr263 oral supplements. Heat-killed Lr263 treatments (625 and 3125 mg/kg-hamster/day) were provided as a daily supplement by oral gavage to HFD-fed hamsters for eight weeks. The results show that heat-killed Lr263 treatments reduce fatty liver syndrome. Moreover, heat-killed Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 supplementation in HFD hamsters also reduced fibrosis in the liver and heart by reducing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) expression levels. In conclusion, heat-killed Lr263 can reduce lipid metabolic stress in HFD hamsters and decrease the risk of fatty liver and cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. Wei-Jen.Ting@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Jen
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. wwkuo@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wei-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan. djh@csmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Dennis Jine-Yuan
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan. 1867@cch.org.tw.|Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan. 1867@cch.org.tw.
authors.forename: Yu-Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. x00003023@meiho.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Cecilia-Hsuan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Day
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan 74144, Taiwan. yahui@genmont.com.tw.
authors.forename: Ya-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan. rayjchen@tmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ray-Jade
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India. padama.vijaya@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Viswanadha Vijaya
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Padma
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan 74144, Taiwan. ethan@genmont.com.tw.
authors.forename: Yi-Hsing
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. cyhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.|Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. cyhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.|Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. cyhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D052200:Limosilactobacillus reuteri; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
keywords: Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263; cardiovascular diseases; transforming growth factor β