title: Detection of a novel astrovirus from a black-naped monarch (Hypothymis azurea) in Cambodia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Astroviruses are comprised of two genera with Avastrovirus infecting birds and Mamastrovirus infecting mammals. Avastroviruses have primarily been associated with infections of poultry, especially chicken, turkey, duck, and guineafowl production systems, but also infect wading birds and doves. Outcomes result in a spectrum of disease, ranging from asymptomatic shedding to gastroenteritis with diarrhea, stunting, failure to thrive and death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Virological surveillance was conducted in birds from two sites in Cambodia in 2010. Samples were screened for influenza, astroviruses, coronaviruses, flaviviruses, and paramyxoviruses. A total of 199 birds were tested and an astrovirus was detected in a black-naped monarch (Hypothymis azurea).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first astrovirus detection in a passerine bird. Phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide distances suggest that this avastrovirus forms a distinct lineage and may constitute a fourth avastrovirus group.
authors.affiliation: Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. ian.mendenhall@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Ian H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Mendenhall
authors.affiliation: Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. Katherine.kny@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Katherine Nay
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Yaung
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY, 10460, USA. Priscilla.joyner@gmail.com.|Present Address: Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA. Priscilla.joyner@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Priscilla H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Joyner
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY, 10460, USA. lkeatts@wcs.org.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Keatts
authors.affiliation: Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. sophie.borthwick@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borthwick
authors.affiliation: Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. ericasena@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Erica Sena
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Research Institute, Phum Trea - Sarla Street (371) Sangkat, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. sorn.san@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: San
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY, 10460, USA. mgilbert@wcs.org.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.affiliation: Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. gavin.smith@duke-nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Gavin Jd
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019350:Astroviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D052676:Avastrovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D002160:Cambodia; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D046109:Passeriformes / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral