title: [Psychosocial factors associated with late HAART initiation in Mexican patients with HIV].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the association between psychosocial factors and late highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation in a sample of Mexican patients with HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study at the HIV Clinic of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), and applied structured questionnaires to 150 patients who initiated HAART between January 2010 and August 2011. Late HAART initiation (LHI) was considered when patients started HAART with CD4 counts of <200+ cells/mm³.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By multivariate analysis, the strongest psychosocial risk factor for LHI observed was self-stigma towards HIV/AIDS. In addition, being tested by medical prescription, not by own initiative, as well as having one or more previous medical contacts, were associated with greater risk for LH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest the need to develop psychosocial interventions to decrease negative self-image and stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors in risk groups for HIV in Mexico.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Infectología, Clínica de VIH, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nogueda-Orozco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Infectología, Clínica de VIH, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Yanink
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Caro-Vega
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Infectología, Clínica de VIH, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crabtree-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Pineda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Infectología, Clínica de VIH, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Juan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Sierra-Madero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015897:Comorbidity; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology*; D011584:Psychology; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012649:Self Concept; D057545:Social Stigma; D061665:Time-to-Treatment; D055815:Young Adult