title: Plasma thrombospondin-1 and clinical outcomes in traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) acts as an anti-angiogenic factor, and its expression in rat brain is upregulated after intracerebral hemorrhage. The current study was designed to investigate the change of plasma TSP-1 levels and assess the prognostic predictive effect of plasma TSP-1 level and it is associated with head trauma severity in the patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  The plasma TSP-1 levels of 134 patients and 134 healthy controls were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationships between plasma TSP-1 levels and trauma severity reflected by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores as well as between plasma TSP-1 levels and short-term and long-term clinical outcomes were analyzed using multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma TSP-1 levels were statistically significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls. The multivariate analysis demonstrated close association of TSP-1 with GCS scores and also identified TSP-1 as an independent predictor for 1-week mortality, 6-month mortality, and 6-month unfavorable outcome. Plasma TSP-1 levels had high prognostic predictive value based on receiver operating characteristic curve. The difference between its prognostic predictive value and GCS scores was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma TSP-1 levels are elevated and are highly associated with head trauma severity and short-term and long-term outcomes of STBI. TSP-1 may be a good prognostic biomarker of STBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: G-L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Z-G
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: X-B
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: J-Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: T-L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: R-X
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019700:Thrombospondin 1
keywords: biomarker; prognosis; severity; thrombospondin-1; traumatic brain injury