title: Value of remote ischaemic preconditioning in rat dorsal skin flaps and clamping time.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  According to previous reports, remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a "delay" procedure that is highly likely to be useful for preventing skin flap necrosis. Differences in the extent of necrosis in rat dorsal skin flaps when different clamping times were used in RIPC were compared among the four groups described below.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group A was a control group in which no prior ischaemic area was created, and both back legs were devascularised for 15 min in Group B, 30 min in Group C, and 60 min in Group D. The experiments were performed on 10 rats in each group, and the surviving area was measured. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison test were used for analysis, with p < 0.05 regarded as significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surviving area of the skin flap was 15.4 ± 1.8 cm(2) in Group A, 15.4 ± 2.0 cm(2) in Group B, 17.9 ± 2.0 cm(2) in Group C, and 19.2 ± 3.4 cm(2) in Group D, with significant differences between Groups A and D and between Groups B and D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RIPC consisting of 60 min of ischaemic preconditioning may be clinically useful as a method of preventing skin flap necrosis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Dokkyo Medical University , Shimotsuga, Tochigi , Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masaoka
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Dokkyo Medical University , Shimotsuga, Tochigi , Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asato
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Dokkyo Medical University , Shimotsuga, Tochigi , Japan.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umekawa
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Dokkyo Medical University , Shimotsuga, Tochigi , Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Dokkyo Medical University , Shimotsuga, Tochigi , Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003250:Constriction; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013997:Time Factors; D014022:Tissue Survival
keywords: clamping time; delay procedure; flap necrosis; remote ischemic preconditioning