title: Age and Ebola viral load correlate with mortality and survival time in 288 Ebola virus disease patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A Chinese medical team managed Ebola virus disease (EVD) patients in Sierra Leone from October 2014 to March 2015 and attended to 693 suspected patients, of whom 288 had confirmed disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted of the 288 patients with confirmed disease. Clinical symptoms, manifestations, and serum viral load were analyzed and compared among the different groups for mortality and survival time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 288 confirmed EVD patients (149 male and 139 female, median age 28 years, and median log viral load 6.68), 98 died, 36 recovered, and 154 were lost to follow-up. Common symptoms were fever (77.78%), fatigue (64.93%), abdominal pain (64.58%), headache (62.85%), and diarrhea (61.81%). Compared to patients aged<18 years, those who were older than 40 years had a higher probability of death (odds ratio 2.855, p=0.044). Patients with a viral load of >10(6) copies/ml had a higher case fatality rate than those with <10(6) copies/ml (odds ratio 3.095, p=0.004). Cox regression showed that age, viral load, and the presence of diarrhea correlated with mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a high viral load, of older age, and with diarrhea had a higher mortality and shorter survival time.
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
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authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Li-Jian
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Yuan
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authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Bin
authors.initials: HB
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authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Ju
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: En-Qiang
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
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authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Tian-Jun
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Li-Fu
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Gang
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Zhang
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yin-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Jui Government Hospital (Sierra Leone -China Friendship Hospital), Kossoh Town, Western Area Rural District, Sierra Leone.
authors.forename: Alex B J
authors.initials: ABJ
authors.lastname: Kanu
authors.affiliation: Jui Government Hospital (Sierra Leone -China Friendship Hospital), Kossoh Town, Western Area Rural District, Sierra Leone.
authors.forename: Sheku M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Koroma
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China. Electronic address: drzhaomin@sina.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China. Electronic address: fswang302@163.com.
authors.forename: Fu-Sheng
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authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000821:virology; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000401:mortality* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019562:Viral Load
keywords: Ebola virus disease; Prevention; Treatment