title: Mitochondrial Hormesis links nutrient restriction to improved metabolism in fat cell.
abstract: Fasting promotes longevity by reprogramming metabolic and stress resistance pathways. However, although the impact on adipose tissue physiology through hormonal inputs is well established, the direct role of fasting on adipose cells is poorly understood. Herein we show that white and beige adipocytes, as well as mouse epididymal and subcutaneous adipose depots, respond to nutrient scarcity by acquiring a brown-like phenotype. Indeed, they improve oxidative metabolism through modulating the expression of mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded oxidative phosphorylation genes as well as mitochondrial stress defensive proteins (UCP1, SOD2). Such adaptation is placed in a canonical mitohormetic response that proceeds via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species ((mt)ROS) production and redistribution of FoxO1 transcription factor into nucleus. Nuclear FoxO1 ((n)FoxO1) mediates retrograde communication by inducing the expression of mitochondrial oxidative and stress defensive genes. Collectively, our findings describe an unusual white/beige fat cell response to nutrient availability highlighting another health-promoting mechanism of fasting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lettieri Barbato
authors.affiliation: Università Telematica San Raffaele Roma, 00166, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tatulli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.|IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aquilano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ciriolo
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D052438:Adipocytes, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism*; D005508:Food Deprivation; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D059165:Hormesis; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D011897:Random Allocation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1
chemical_list: D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C467200:Foxo1 protein, mouse; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000604372:Ucp1 protein, mouse; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1
keywords: FoxO1; adipose tissue; aging; energy metabolism; longevity; mitochondria