title: RETRACTED: Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) induces buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryonic stem cell differentiation into germ cells.
abstract: This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).
  
  This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief.
  
  Problems related to images published in this paper in Figure 12 were brought to the authors' attention. Unfortunately this figure contains duplicate images for ESC controls for VASA, GDF9, and ZP4, which display identical patterns superimposed on varying intensities of background.
  
  Therefore, the authors retract the paper with the agreement of the editors and deeply regret this situation and apologize for any inconvenience to the editors and readers of Biochimie.
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. Electronic address: syedalhyderi14@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Syed Mohmad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Syma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Manoj Kumar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Radhey Sham
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Manik
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Suresh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singla
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Prabhat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palta
authors.affiliation: Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. Electronic address: chauhanabtc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Manmohan Singh
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
keywords: Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Buffalo embryonic stem cells; Differentiation; Embryoid body; Germ lineage markers; Immunocytochemistry; Methylation erasure; NOGGIN