title: Development of a Titanium Plate for Mandibular Angle Fractures with a Bone Defect in the Lower Border: Finite Element Analysis and Mechanical Test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to develop a plate to treat mandibular angle fractures using the finite element method and mechanical testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-dimensional model of a fractured mandible was generated using Rhinoceros 4.0 software. The models were exported to ANSYS(®), in which a static application of displacement (3 mm) was performed in the first molar region. Three groups were assessed according to the method of internal fixation (2 mm system): two non-locking plates; two locking plates and a new design locking plate. The computational model was transferred to an in vitro experiment with polyurethane mandibles. Each group contained five samples and was subjected to a linear loading test in a universal testing machine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A balanced distribution of stress was associated with the new plate design. This plate modified the mechanical behavior of the fractured region, with less displacement between the fractured segments. In the mechanical test, the group with two locking plates exhibited greater resistance to the 3 mm displacement, with a statistically significant difference when compared with the new plate group (ANOVA, P = 0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new plate exhibited a more balanced distribution of stress. However, the group with two locking plates exhibited greater mechanical resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas Brazil.
authors.forename: Douglas Rangel
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.affiliation: Center for Information Techonology Renato Archer - CTI Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Takanori
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Kemmoku
authors.affiliation: Center for Information Techonology Renato Archer - CTI Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Yoshito
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Noritomi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Moraes
keywords: facial injuries; finite element analysis; fracture osteosynthesis; jaw fixation technics