title: Diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini Infection with Handheld Microscopy in Lao People's Democratic Republic.
abstract: Opisthorchiasis is a neglected tropical disease, yet it is of considerable public health importance in Southeast Asia given the predilection for chronically infected persons to develop cholangiocarcinoma. We evaluated a handheld microscope for the diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini in a community-based setting in Lao People's Democratic Republic in comparison with conventional light microscopy. In stool samples collected from 104 individuals, handheld microscopy revealed a sensitivity of 70.6% and a specificity of 89.5% for O. viverrini infection. Pearson's correlation for quantitative fecal egg counts between the two devices was 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.98-0.99). With small adjustments to further increase diagnostic sensitivity, a handheld microscope may become a helpful tool to screen for O. viverrini and other helminth infections in public health settings.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California isaac.bogoch@uhn.ca.
authors.forename: Isaac I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Bogoch
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Somphou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sayasone
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Youthanavanh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vonghachack
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meister
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Utzinger
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Odermatt
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; National Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic; Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keiser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007812:Laos / Q000453:epidemiology; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009889:Opisthorchiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D009891:Opisthorchis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity