title: Pharmacological Preconditioning by Adenosine A2a Receptor Stimulation: Features of the Protected Liver Cell Phenotype.
abstract: Ischemic preconditioning (IP) of the liver by a brief interruption of the blood flow protects the damage induced by a subsequent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) preventing parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cell damage. The discovery of IP has shown the existence of intrinsic systems of cytoprotection whose activation can stave off the progression of irreversible tissue damage. Deciphering the molecular mediators that underlie the cytoprotective effects of preconditioning can pave the way to important therapeutic possibilities. Pharmacological activation of critical mediators of IP would be expected to emulate or even to intensify its salubrious effects. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the role of the adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) as a trigger of liver IP. This review will provide insight into the phenotypic changes that underline the resistance to death of liver cells preconditioned by pharmacological activation of A2aR and their implications to develop innovative strategies against liver IR damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alchera
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Imarisio
authors.affiliation: Centre for Experimental and Clinical Studies (CERMS), Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza Città di Torino, 10100 Turin, Italy ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Heath Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mandili
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Bangalore R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Chandrashekar
authors.affiliation: Centre for Experimental and Clinical Studies (CERMS), Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza Città di Torino, 10100 Turin, Italy ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Heath Sciences, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Novelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Follenzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carini
mesh_terms: D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A