title: The human endogenous retrovirus K(HML-2) has a broad envelope-mediated cellular tropism and is prone to inhibition at a post-entry, pre-integration step.
abstract: The HERV-K(HML-2) family is the most recent addition to the collection of human endogenous retroviruses. It comprises proviruses that encode functional proteins that can assemble into replication defective particles carrying the envelope protein. Using a reconstituted HERV-K113 envelope sequence, we have analyzed its ability to mediate entry into a set of 33 cell lines from 10 species. Of these, 30 were permissive, demonstrating an amphotropism consistent with a broad expression of receptor protein(s). In an initial effort to identify a receptor for HERV-K(HML-2) we investigated whether transferrin receptor 1 and hyaluronidase 2, known cellular receptors of the closely related betaretroviruses mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV), could facilitate HERV-K(HML-2) entry. However, neither of these proteins could serve as a receptor for HERV-K(HML-2). Moreover, during attempts to further characterize the tropism of HERV-K(HML-2), we identified a cellular activity that inhibits infection at a post-entry, pre-integration step.
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lausch
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Volkwein
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanke
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hohn
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Division for HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: BannertN@rki.de.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bannert
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D030121:Betaretrovirus / Q000378:metabolism; D019556:COS Cells; D002415:Cats; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004285:Dogs; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000378:metabolism*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D022141:Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus / Q000378:metabolism; D008324:Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D056189:Viral Tropism / Q000502:physiology*; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C068126:CD71 antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C473096:Hyal2 protein, human; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase
keywords: Betaretrovirus; Envelope; HERV-K; Human endogenous retrovirus; Receptor; Tropism; Virus entry