title: Frequency of nutritional disorders and their risk factors among children attending 13 nurseries in São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nutritional disorders are associated with health problems earlier in life. The objective here was to estimate the frequency of nutritional disorders and their risk factors among children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study in nurseries at 13 day-care centers in São Paulo, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mothers of 482 children were interviewed, with anthropometry on these children. Children whose anthropometric indices for weight and height were greater than two standard deviations were considered to have nutritional disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in families with lower per capita income (odds ratio [OR]: 2.25; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.08-4.67) and who presented neonatal risk (OR 8.08; 95% CI: 2.29-28.74), had incomplete vaccinations (OR 3.44; 95% CI: 1.15-10.31) or were male (OR 3.73; 95% CI: 1.63-8.56) were more likely to be malnourished. Children in families with lower per capita income were also less likely to be overnourished (OR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19-0.88). Children who were exclusively breastfed for less than two months (OR 2.95; 95% CI: 1.35-6.44) or who were male (OR 2.18; 95% CI: 1.02-4.65) were also at greater risk of being overnourished. Children who presented neonatal risk (OR 3.41; 95% CI: 1.04-11.23), had incomplete vaccinations (OR 3.18; 95% CI: 1.307.76), or were male (OR 2.76; 95% CI: 1.56-4.90) were more likely to have a nutritional disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutritional disorders remain present in children attending nurseries in São Paulo. Actions should focus on boys, children who were exclusively breastfed for less than two months and those without up-to-date vaccinations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tulio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Konstantyner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Augusto Aguiar Carrazedo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Taddei
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais Cláudia Roma Oliveira
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Konstantyner
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Laura Cunha
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002656:Child Day Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009724:Nurseries, Infant / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins