title: Photobiomodulation with 660-nm and 780-nm laser on activated J774 macrophage-like cells: Effect on M1 inflammatory markers.
abstract: M1 profile macrophages exert a major influence on initial tissue repair process. Few days after the occurrence of injury, macrophages in the injured region exhibit a M2 profile, attenuate the effects of the M1 population, and stimulate the reconstruction of the damaged tissue. The different effects of macrophages in the healing process suggest that these cells could be the target of therapeutic interventions. Photobiomodulation has been used to accelerate tissue repair, but little is known regarding its effect on macrophages. In the present study, J774 macrophages were activated to simulate the M1 profile and irradiated with two different sets of laser parameters (780 nm, 70 mW, 2.6J/cm(2), 1.5s and 660 nm, 15 mW, 7.5 J/cm(2), 20s). IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2 gene and protein expression were analyzed by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Both lasers were able to reduce TNF-α and iNOS expression, and TNF-α and COX-2 production, although the parameters used for 780 nm laser provided an additional decrease. 660 nm laser parameters resulted in an up-regulation of IL-6 expression and production. These findings imply a distinct, time-dependent modulation by the two different sets of laser parameters, suggesting that the best modulation may involve more than one combination of parameters.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil; Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 2227 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, Cidade Universitaria, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 05508-000, Brazil. Electronic address: kristianneporta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kristianne Porta Santos
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: nadhiacosta@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nadhia Helena Costa
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: raquel.mesquita@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Raquel Agnelli
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mesquita-Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: fatesi@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Daniela de Fatima Teixeira da
authors.initials: Dde F
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 2227 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, Cidade Universitaria, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 05508-000, Brazil. Electronic address: lilia_mail81@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Lilia Alves
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: agnelonevesalves@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Agnelo Neves
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: kaline.bsousa@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kaline de Brito
authors.initials: Kde B
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho/UNINOVE, 249 Vergueiro Street, Liberdade, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 01504-001, Brazil. Electronic address: sandra.skb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sandra Kalil
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bussadori
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, BAR414, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States. Electronic address: hamblin@helix.mgh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hamblin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 2227 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, Cidade Universitaria, Sao Paulo, SP Zip Code 05508-000, Brazil. Electronic address: fadnunes@usp.br.
authors.forename: Fábio Daumas
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Nunes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007834:Lasers; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Cytokines; Inflammatory markers; J774 cells; LLLT; M1-activated macrophages; Photobiomodulation