title: Lipoproteins as modulators of atherothrombosis: From endothelial function to primary and secondary coagulation.
abstract: Atherothrombosis is a complication of atherosclerosis that causes acute cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Circulating lipid levels are highly correlated with atherosclerotic plaque development. In addition, experimental evidence suggests that lipids also directly influence thrombosis and influence the risk and the outcome of acute cardiovascular events. Plasma lipoproteins influence three aspects important to atherothrombosis: endothelial function, platelet aggregation (primary coagulation) and secondary coagulation. Overall, VLDL, LDL and oxLDL promote thrombus formation, whereas HDL shows antithrombotic actions. In this review we will address the current knowledge about modulation of atherothrombosis by lipoproteins, summarizing findings from in vitro and in vivo animal studies, as well as from observational and interventional studies in humans. We will conclude with future perspectives for lipid modulation in the prevention of atherothrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biopharmaceutics, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands. Electronic address: a.b.ouweneel@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl.
authors.forename: Amber B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ouweneel
authors.affiliation: Division of Biopharmaceutics, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Miranda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Eck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein
keywords: Atherothrombosis; Coagulation; Endothelial function; Lipoproteins; Platelets