title: Honokiol for the Treatment of Neonatal Pain and Prevention of Consequent Neurobehavioral Disorders.
abstract: This study examined the short- and long-term neuroprotective and analgesic activity of honokiol (a naturally occurring lignan isolated from Magnolia) on developing brains in neonates exposed to inflammatory pain, known to cause neuronal cell death. Postnatal day 4 (P4) neonatal rat pups were subjected to intraplantar formalin injection to four paws as a model of severe neonatal pain. Intraperitoneal honokiol (10 mg/kg) or corn oil vehicle control was administered 1 h prior to formalin insult, and animals were maintained on honokiol through postnatal day 21 (P21). Behavioral tests for stress and pain were performed after the painful insult, followed by morphological examinations of the brain sections at P7 and P21. Honokiol significantly attenuated acute pain responses 30 min following formalin insult and decreased chronic thermal hyperalgesia later in life. Honokiol-treated rats performed better on tests of exploratory behavior and performed significantly better in tests of memory. Honokiol treatment normalized hippocampal and thalamic c-Fos and hippocampal alveus substance P receptor expression relative to controls at P21. Together, these findings support that (1) neonatal pain experiences predispose rats to the development of chronic behavioral changes and (2) honokiol prevents and reduces both acute and chronic pathological pain-induced deteriorations in neonatal rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.|Research Division, Veterans Affairs Medical Center-Atlanta , 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woodbury
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.|Research Division, Veterans Affairs Medical Center-Atlanta , 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States.
authors.forename: Shan Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaohuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.
authors.forename: Jin Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.
authors.forename: Alyssa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espinera
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.|Research Division, Veterans Affairs Medical Center-Atlanta , 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, Georgia 30033, United States.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine , 1648 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30307, United States.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005557:Formaldehyde; D017705:Lignans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031566:Magnolia / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D000498:Allyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005557:Formaldehyde; D017705:Lignans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C005499:honokiol; D000498:Allyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols