title: Chemokine Receptor Expression on Normal Blood CD56(+) NK-Cells Elucidates Cell Partners That Comigrate during the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses and Identifies a Transitional NK-Cell Population.
abstract: Studies of chemokine receptors (CKR) in natural killer- (NK-) cells have already been published, but only a few gave detailed information on its differential expression on blood NK-cell subsets. We report on the expression of the inflammatory and homeostatic CKR on normal blood CD56(+low) CD16(+) and CD56(+high)  CD16(-/+low) NK-cells. Conventional CD56(+low) and CD56(+high) NK-cells present in the normal PB do express CKR for inflammatory cytokines, although with different patterns CD56(+low) NK-cells are mainly CXCR1/CXCR2(+) and CXCR3/CCR5(-/+), whereas mostly CD56(+high) NK-cells are CXCR1/CXCR2(-) and CXCR3/CCR5(+). Both NK-cell subsets have variable CXCR4 expression and are CCR4(-) and CCR6(-). The CKR repertoire of the CD56(+low) NK-cells approaches to that of neutrophils, whereas the CKR repertoire of the CD56(+high) NK-cells mimics that of Th1(+) T cells, suggesting that these cells are prepared to migrate into inflamed tissues at different phases of the immune response. In addition, we describe a subpopulation of NK-cells with intermediate levels of CD56 expression, which we named CD56(+int) NK-cells. These NK-cells are CXCR3/CCR5(+), they have intermediate levels of expression of CD16, CD62L, CD94, and CD122, and they are CD57(-) and CD158a(-). In view of their phenotypic features, we hypothesize that they correspond to a transitional stage, between the well-known CD56(+high) and CD56(+low) NK-cells populations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leander
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Helena
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Luís
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Queirós
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sónia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cytometry, Service of Hematology, Hospital de Santo António (HSA), Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CHP), Rua D. Manuel II, 4050-345 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Dos Anjos
authors.initials: Mdos A
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centro de Investigación del Cancer (CIC), Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orfao
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000328:Adult; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine