title: Current and emerging drug options in the treatment of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea predominant (IBS-D) is a highly prevalent GI disease, affecting nearly a third of all patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. Current treatment options are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review discusses the pharmacotherapeutic options for IBS-D including currently used medications, the two newly FDA approved medications, as well as emerging therapies with potential benefit in IBS-D. Particular emphasis is placed on rifaximin and eluxadoline and their possible use in IBS-D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current pharmacological treatment of IBS-D includes loperamide, bile acid sequestrants, antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, alosetron, eluxadoline and rifaximin. The latter two treatments have significantly added to the pharmacotherapeutic options for patients suffering from IBS-D.
authors.affiliation: a Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nee
authors.affiliation: a Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zakari
authors.affiliation: a Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lembo
mesh_terms: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002243:Carbolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008139:Loperamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000819:agonists; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000078262:Rifaximin
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D000930:Antidiarrheals; D002243:Carbolines; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D012294:Rifamycins; C090840:alosetron; C583636:eluxadoline; D010649:Phenylalanine; D008139:Loperamide; D000078262:Rifaximin
keywords: diarrhea; eluxadoline; irritable bowel syndrome; pharmacological treatments; rifaximin