title: Efficacy of recreational football on bone health, body composition, and physical functioning in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: 32-week follow-up of the FC prostate randomised controlled trial.
abstract: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) impairs musculoskeletal health. We evaluated the efficacy of 32-week football training on bone mineral density (BMD) and physical functioning in men undergoing ADT for PCa. Football training improved the femoral shaft and total hip BMD and physical functioning parameters compared to control.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ADT is a mainstay in PCa management. Side effects include decreased bone and muscle strength and increased fracture rates. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 32 weeks of football training on BMD, bone turnover markers (BTMs), body composition, and physical functioning in men with PCa undergoing ADT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men receiving ADT >6 months (n = 57) were randomly allocated to a football training group (FTG) (n = 29) practising 2-3 times per week for 45-60 min or to a standard care control group (CON) (n = 28) for 32 weeks. Outcomes were total hip, femoral shaft, femoral neck and lumbar spine (L2-L4) BMD and systemic BTMs (procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide, osteocalcin, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen). Additionally, physical functioning (postural balance, jump height, repeated chair rise, stair climbing) was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two-week follow-up measures were obtained for FTG (n = 21) and for CON (n = 20), respectively. Analysis of mean changes from baseline to 32 weeks showed significant differences between FTG and CON in right (0.015 g/cm(2)) and left (0.017 g/cm(2)) total hip and in right (0.018 g/cm(2)) and left (0.024 g/cm(2)) femoral shaft BMD, jump height (1.7 cm) and stair climbing (-0.21 s) all in favour of FTG (p < 0.05). No other significant between-group differences were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to standard care, 32 weeks of football training improved BMD at clinically important femoral sites and parameters of physical functioning in men undergoing ADT for PCa.
authors.affiliation: The University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark. ju@ucsf.dk.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uth
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hornstrup
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen, 1014, Denmark.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Ageing and Osteoporosis, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Ndr. Ringvej 57, Glostrup, 2600, Denmark.|Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, Odense, 5000, Denmark.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brasso
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sundstrup
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.|Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rørth
authors.affiliation: The University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.|Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Midtgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.|Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krustrup
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Helge
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005269:Femur / Q000503:physiopathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D057173:Recreation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D012916:Soccer
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
keywords: Androgen deprivation therapy; Bone mineral density; Bone turnover markers; Exercise; Physical activity; Sport