title: Detection and survey of coffee ringspot virus in Brazil.
abstract: Coffee ringspot virus (CoRSV) a member of the proposed genus "Dichorhavirus", was surveyed on commercial and research farms spanning an area responsible for the majority of Coffea arabica production in Brazil. Virus-infected plants were found at one hundred percent of locations (n = 45) sampled. All cultivars, regardless of cherry color, were found to serve as hosts, suggesting that there is limited resistance in commercially employed germplasm. Reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed that the virus is contained within symptomatic lesions, with little systemic spread throughout leaves. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF1 (nucleocapsid) gene identified a strong geo-spatial relationship among isolates, which clustered into three clades. Despite low genetic diversity among isolates, variation in symptom expression was observed in the experimental host Chenopodium quinoa. Our analyses support the hypothesis that the spread of CoRSV is constrained by the clonal expansion of thelytokous populations of Brevipalpus phoenicis. The widespread occurrence of this virus suggests that it is much more prevalent than previously thought.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Figueira
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA. mgoodin@uky.edu.
authors.forename: M M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1485-0677
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Goodin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D040503:Coffea / Q000821:virology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058974:Phylogeography; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012209:Rhabdoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral