title: Long non‑coding RNA‑GAS5 acts as a tumor suppressor in bladder transitional cell carcinoma via regulation of chemokine (C‑C motif) ligand 1 expression.
abstract: Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in diverse biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, cell growth and tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to investigate whether lncRNA‑growth arrest‑specific (GAS)5 regulated bladder cancer progression via regulation of chemokine (C‑C) ligand (CCL)1 expression. The viability of BLX bladder cancer cells was detected using a Cell Counting kit‑8 assay, and cell apoptosis was assessed by annexin V‑propidium iodide double‑staining. The expression levels of specific genes and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. In addition, cells were transfected with small interfering (si)RNAs or recombinant GAS5 in order to silence or overexpress GAS5, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that knockdown of GAS5 expression promoted bladder cancer cell proliferation, whereas overexpression of GAS5 suppressed cell proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of GAS5 resulted in an increased percentage of cells in S and G2 phase, and a decreased percentage of cells in G1 phase. In addition, the present study performed a hierarchical cluster analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs in bladder cancer cells and detected that CCL1 overexpression resulted in an upregulation of GAS5, which may improve the ability of cells to regulate a stress response in vitro. Furthermore, knockdown of GAS5 expression increased the mRNA and protein expression of CCL1 in bladder cancer cells. Gain‑of‑function and loss‑of‑function studies demonstrated that GAS5 was able to inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation, at least in part, by suppressing the expression of CCL1. The results of the present study demonstrated that GAS5 was able to suppress bladder cancer cell proliferation, at least partially, by suppressing the expression of CCL1. The results of the present study may provide a basis for developing novel effective treatment strategies against bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qifeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhengqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D002452:Cell Count; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D054402:Chemokine CCL1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C065971:CCL1 protein, human; D054402:Chemokine CCL1; C561567:GAS5 long non-coding RNA, human; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding