title: The phenolic acids of Agen prunes (dried plums) or Agen prune juice concentrates do not account for the protective action on bone in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
abstract: Dietary supplementation with dried plum (DP) has been shown to protect against and reverse established osteopenia in ovariectomized rodents. Based on in vitro studies, we hypothesized that DP polyphenols may be responsible for that bone-sparing effect. This study was designed to (1) analyze whether the main phenolic acids of DP control preosteoblast proliferation and activity in vitro; (2) determine if the polyphenolic content of DP or DP juice concentrate is the main component improving bone health in vivo; and (3) analyze whether DP metabolites directly modulate preosteoblast physiology ex vivo. In vitro, we found that neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids induce the proliferation and repress the alkaline phosphatase activity of primary preosteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, low-chlorogenic acid Agen prunes (AP) enriched with a high-fiber diet and low-chlorogenic acid AP juice concentrate prevented the decrease of total femoral bone mineral density induced by estrogen deficiency in 5-month-old female rats and positively restored the variations of the bone markers osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline. Ex vivo, we demonstrated that serum from rats fed with low-chlorogenic acid AP enriched with a high-fiber diet showed repressed proliferation and stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity of primary preosteoblasts. Overall, the beneficial action of AP on bone health was not dependent on its polyphenolic content.
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Léotoing
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wauquier
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Jeanne
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davicco
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebecque
authors.affiliation: Nutratech Conseils, Montélimar, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaudout
authors.affiliation: Nutratech Conseils, Montélimar, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.affiliation: Polyphénols Biotech, Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 3675, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Vitrac
authors.affiliation: Maître Prunille, Casseneuil, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Massenat
authors.affiliation: Bureau national Interprofessionnel du Pruneau, Villeneuve-sur-Lot, France.
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rashidi
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Yohann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wittrant
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address: Veronique.coxam@clermont.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coxam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015519:Bone Density; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000652:urine; D000068242:Prunus domestica / Q000737:chemistry*; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D011801:Quinic Acid; C473200:5-caffeoylquinic acid
keywords: Agen prunes; Chlorogenic acid; Fiber osteoblast; Osteoporosis; Rat