title: Individual blood pressure responses to walking and resistance exercise in peripheral artery disease patients: Are the mean values describing what is happening?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze the average and individual blood pressure responses to walking and resistance exercise in patients with peripheral artery disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients underwent three experimental sessions: walking exercise, resistance exercise, and control. Ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate, and rate pressure product were obtained before and until 24 hours after sessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean cardiovascular values during 24 hours, awake, and sleep periods were similar (P > 0.05) after the three experimental sessions. The analysis of individual data revealed that during 24 hours, eight of 13 patients reduced systolic or diastolic blood pressure in ≥4.0 mm Hg in at least one of the exercise session; furthermore, most of these patients presented greater responses after resistance exercise. The clinical characteristics of patients seem to influence the blood pressure responses after exercises. Individual data showed that part of patients presented clinically significant decreases in blood pressure, showing that these patients have acute cardiovascular benefits after performing an acute bout of exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although, in average, a bout of walking or resistance exercise did not decrease ambulatory blood pressure in peripheral artery disease patients, the individual data revealed that most patients presented clinically relevant blood pressure reductions, especially after resistance exercise.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: aluisiolima@live.com.
authors.forename: Aluísio H R A
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marilia A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio H G
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Cucato
authors.affiliation: Procape University Hospital, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dario C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Sobral Filho
authors.affiliation: Procape University Hospital, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raphael M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ritti-Dias
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*