title: Topography Influences Adherent Cell Regulation of Osteoclastogenesis.
abstract: The importance of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption in the process of osseointegration has not been widely considered. In this study, cell culture was used to investigate the hypothesis that the function of implant-adherent bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in osteoclastogenesis is influenced by surface topography. BMSCs isolated from femur and tibia of Sprague-Dawley rats were seeded onto 3 types of titanium surfaces (smooth, micro, and nano) and a control surface (tissue culture plastic) with or without osteogenic supplements. After 3 to 14 d, conditioned medium (CM) was collected. Subsequently, rat bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were cultured in media supplemented with soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) as well as BMSC CM from each of the 4 surfaces. Gene expression levels of soluble RANKL, osteoprotegerin, tumor necrosis factor α, and M-CSF in cultured BMSCs at different time points were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The number of differentiated osteoclastic cells was determined after tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Analysis of variance and t test were used for statistical analysis. The expression of prominent osteoclast-promoting factors tumor necrosis factor α and M-CSF was increased by BMSCs cultured on both micro- and nanoscale titanium topographies (P < 0.01). BMSC CM contained a heat-labile factor that increased BMMs osteoclastogenesis. CM from both micro- and nanoscale surface-adherent BMSCs increased the osteoclast number (P < 0.01). Difference in surface topography altered BMSC phenotype and influenced BMM osteoclastogenesis. Local signaling by implant-adherent cells at the implant-bone interface may indirectly control osteoclastogenesis and bone accrual around endosseous implants.
authors.affiliation: Bone Biology and Implant Therapy Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Division of Bio-prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Nigata, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.affiliation: Bone Biology and Implant Therapy Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Lyndon_Cooper@unc.edu.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.affiliation: Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mendonca
authors.affiliation: Bone Biology and Implant Therapy Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mendonca
authors.affiliation: Division of Bio-prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Nigata, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uoshima
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000069343:Bone-Implant Interface / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis; D010969:Plastics / Q000737:chemistry; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013499:Surface Properties; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D007527:Isoenzymes; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010969:Plastics; D053245:RANK Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D014025:Titanium; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: biomaterial; dental implant; osseointegration; osteoblast; osteoclast; tissue engineering