title: Prevalence and molecular characterizations of enterovirus D68 among children with acute respiratory infection in China between 2012 and 2014.
abstract: EV-D68 is associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Since its first isolation, EV-D68 has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced outbreaks of EV-D68 infections between August and December 2014. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of EV-D68 in Chongqing, Southwestern China. From January 2012 to November 2014, 1876 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens (NPAs) were collected from hospitalized children with RTIs. Among the 1876 NPAs, EV-D68 was detected in 19 samples (1.0%, 19/1876). Of these, 13 samples were detected in September and October 2014 (9.8%, 13/132). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 13 strains detected in the 2014 Chongqing had high homology with the main strains of the 2014 US outbreak. Among the children with EV-D68 infection, 13 (68%) had a history of recurrent wheezing. A total of 13 children had a discharge diagnosis of asthma. Of these, 11 children were diagnosed with acute asthma exacerbation. EV-D68 was the predominant pathogen that evoked asthma exacerbation in September and October 2014. In conclusion, our results found that a history of recurrent wheezing may be a risk factor for the detection of EV-D68 and viral-induced asthma exacerbation may be a clinical feature of EV-D68 infection.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Qiuyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Luo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Shouyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Zhengxiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Ailong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Enmei
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000208:Acute Disease; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D030016:Enterovirus D, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000175:diagnosis; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D014764:Viral Proteins