title: Contemporary management of esthesioneuroblastoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article provides a contemporary review of the management of esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) within the context of recent surgical advancements, while highlighting the ongoing limitations and controversies surrounding this uncommon pathologic entity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surgical management of ENB is continuously evolving with contemporary endoscopic approaches complementing or in many cases replacing open approaches.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complete surgical resection remains the mainstay definitive therapy for ENB. Aggressive, combined modality therapy appears to be justified in patients at greatest risk of developing recurrence based on advanced tumor stage and high pathologic grade. ENB requires prolonged surveillance following treatment given its tendency for late recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: James N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Nithin D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Adappa
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*