title: Characterization and antipathogenic evaluation of a novel quaternary phosphonium tripolyacrylamide and elucidation of the inactivation mechanisms.
abstract: To mitigate the crisis of pathogen-caused disease outbreaks, developing novel disinfection agents with broad-spectrum antipathogenic performance is a severe task. In this work, an antipathogenic tripolyacrylamide containing aliphatic quaternary phosphonium salt (QPS) was prepared. To confirm the broad-spectrum antipathogenic activity of the as-prepared polymer, the in vitro antibacterial performance was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and viral inactivation was assessed against influenza virus and adenovirus as well. The polymers exhibited higher bactericidal activity against S. aureus than E. coli in terms of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), while possessing much lower MIC values compared with their corresponding compound. The morphological alterations in polymer treated E. coli, captured by atomic force microscopy, confirmed the membrane-acting antibacterial mechanism of polymeric QPS. The plaque reduction assay performed on influenza virus and adenovirus demonstrated the as-prepared tripolymer could efficiently inactivate both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, and the two different antiviral mechanisms were elucidated correspondingly. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 747-757, 2016.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China.|Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada.
authors.forename: Huining
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000187:drug effects*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009861:Onium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000187:drug effects*; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009861:Onium Compounds; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; C000626073:poly(QPM-r-AM-r-ATC); D020106:Acrylamide
keywords: acrylamide; antibacterial; antiviral; broad-spectrum; quaternary phosphonium salt