title: Effectiveness of video- versus text-based computer-tailored smoking cessation interventions among smokers after one year.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In western countries, smoking prevalence rates are high among smokers unmotivated to quit and those with a lower socioeconomic status (LSES). Multiple computer tailoring and the use of audio-visual aids may improve such interventions and increase cessation in LSES smokers. This study assessed the 12-month effectiveness of a video- and text-based computer-tailored intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial in the Netherlands was used in which smokers were allocated to the video-based condition (VC) (N=670), the text-based condition (TC) (N=708) or the control condition (CC) (brief generic text advice) (N=721). After 12months, self-reported prolonged abstinence was assessed and biochemically verified in respondents indicating to have quit smoking. Three analysis strategies were used to assess the effects: (1) multiple imputation (MI); (2) intention-to-treat (ITT); (3) complete case analysis (CC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  VC was more effective in prolonged abstinence compared to CC (odds ratio (OR)=1.90, p=.005) and the text-based condition (OR=1.71, p=.01). VC was furthermore more effective than TC. No differences were found for SES and motivational levels. Results were similar when using ITT and CC. For our secondary outcome seven-day point prevalence abstinence; however, neither VC (OR=1.17, p=.34) or TC (OR=0.91, p=.52) outperformed the CC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The video-based computer-tailored intervention was effective in obtaining substantial long-term abstinence compared to the text-based version and a brief generic text advice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: nicola.stanczyk@t-online.de.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Stanczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: hein.devries@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Methodology and Statistics, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: math.candel@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors.forename: M J J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Candel
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: jean.muris@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors.forename: J W M
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Muris
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, 6419 AT Heerlen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: catherine.bolman@ou.nl.
authors.forename: C A W
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bolman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003201:Computers; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009426:Netherlands; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D012923:Social Class; D060145:Text Messaging; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Educational level; Income; Indicators of socioeconomic status; Multiple computer tailoring; Occupational status; Smoking cessation; Text-based messages; Video messages