title: Feeding reduces waterborne Cu bioaccumulation in a marine rabbitfish Siganus oramin.
abstract: Waterborne metal uptake has been extensively studied and dietary metal assimilation is increasingly recognized in fish, whilst the interaction between the two uptake routes is largely overlooked. This study compared the waterborne Cu bioaccumulation ((65)Cu as tracer) in a juvenile rabbitfish at different feeding regimes (starvation (SG), feeding normal diet (NDG) or diet supplemented with extra Cu (DCG)) to test the hypothesis that feeding can influence waterborne metal uptake in marine fish. NDG and DCG diet was fed as a single meal and then all fish were exposed to waterborne (65)Cu for 48 h, during which the time course sampling was conducted to determine (65)Cu bioaccumulation, chyme flow and dietary Cu assimilation. The results revealed that SG fish accumulated the highest (65)Cu, followed by NDG (61% of SG), whilst DCG fish accumulated the lowest (65)Cu (34% of SG). These results suggested a protective effect of feeding against waterborne Cu bioaccumulation. This effect was most notable between 10 min and 16 h when there was chyme in gastrointestinal tract (GT). Dietary Cu assimilation mainly occurred before 16 h after feeding. Waterborne (65)Cu influx rate in the GT was positively correlated with (65)Cu contents of chyme in NDG, whereas it was largely negatively correlated with (65)Cu contents of chyme in DCG. The waterborne Cu uptake in the GT was mainly influenced by the chyme flow and dietary Cu assimilation. Overall, our findings suggested that feeding has an important effect on waterborne metal uptake and that both the feeding status of the fish and the relative metal exposure through water and food should be considered in prediction of the metal bioaccumulation and biomonitoring programs.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China. Electronic address: zhangli@scsio.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK.
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D010473:Perciformes / Q000502:physiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper
keywords: Copper; Dietary metal; Marine fish; Metal uptake; Trace metals; Waterborne metals