title: Gingival pigmentation by Ni-Cr-based metal ceramic crowns: A clinical report.
abstract: This clinical report describes treatment of a patient with gingival pigmentation after the restoration of the right maxillary canine and first premolar with Ni-Cr-based metal ceramic crowns and investigation of mechanisms of gingival discoloration. Histopathological observation and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis of the retrieved pigmented gingiva revealed brown deposits both in the epithelial cells and along the basement membranes but no trace of Ni or Cr elements in the pigmented particles, indicating that the gingival pigmentation adjacent to the Ni-Cr-based metal ceramic prosthesis may not be caused by direct deposition of the released ions.
authors.affiliation: Resident, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Resident, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Resident, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Professor, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China. Electronic address: jhchen@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jihua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D003442:Crowns; D003722:Dental Alloys; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D010858:Pigmentation
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; D008670:Metals