title: Correlation of Reconstructed Scaphoid Morphology with Clinical Outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scaphoid malunion alters the carpal kinematics and impairs clinical outcome because of pain, weakness, restricted range of motion and predisposing the wrist joint to early osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the scaphoid morphological angles on clinical outcomes in patients with reconstructed scaphoid by non-vascularized bone graft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen male patients with the mean age of 31.7±3.7 years and mean non-union time of 31.5±14.7 months were enrolled in this retrospective study. Average follow up was 48.8±9.4 months. At the last follow-up, the patients were evaluated clinically for pain, wrist range of motion, grip strength, and wrist functional status. They were also evaluated radiologically by wrist radiographs and computerized tomography (CT). The overall clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Cooney wrist function score. The morphology of the reconstructed scaphoids was evaluated by the lateral intrascaphoid angle, antroposterior intrascaphoid angle, dorsal cortical angle, measuring the length (mm), and height-to-length ratio on CT scan. The radiological measurements were compared against the overall clinical outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 7 excellent, 7 good, 3 fair clinical results. The mean Cooney wrist function score was 83±4. The mean lateral intrascaphoid angle was 34.8±1.4 degrees, mean antroposterior intrascaphoid angle was 33.4±2.2 degrees, mean dorsal cortical angle was 158.3±4.8 degrees, mean scaphoid length was 22.1± 0.7 mm, and mean scaphoid height-to-length ratio was 0.74±0.04. There were no significant statistical correlations between the lateral intrascaphoid angles, antroposterior intrascaphoid angles, dorsal cortical angles, scaphoid lengths and scaphoid height-to-length ratios and Cooney wrist scores in the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the current study, all the patients had some degree of scaphoid malunion; however, the radiological measurements of the reconstructed scaphoids did not correlate with the clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmadreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afshar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Kian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zohrabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Navaeifar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Sam H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sami
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taleb
keywords: Intrascaphoid angle; Scaphoid fracture; Scaphoid mal-union; Scaphoid morphology; Scaphoid non-union