title: Cell Systems to Investigate the Impact of Polyphenols on Cardiovascular Health.
abstract: Polyphenols are a diverse group of micronutrients from plant origin that may serve as antioxidants and that contribute to human health in general. More specifically, many research groups have investigated their protective effect against cardiovascular diseases in several animal studies and human trials. Yet, because of the excessive processing of the polyphenol structure by human cells and the residing intestinal microbial community, which results in a large variability between the test subjects, the exact mechanisms of their protective effects are still under investigation. To this end, simplified cell culture systems have been used to decrease the inter-individual variability in mechanistic studies. In this review, we will discuss the different cell culture models that have been used so far for polyphenol research in the context of cardiovascular diseases. We will also review the current trends in cell culture research, including co-culture methodologies. Finally, we will discuss the potential of these advanced models to screen for cardiovascular effects of the large pool of bioactive polyphenols present in foods and their metabolites.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent 653 B-9000, Belgium. charlotte.grootaert@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grootaert
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent 653 B-9000, Belgium. senem.kamiloglu@ugent.be.|Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey. senem.kamiloglu@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Senem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamiloglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey. capanogl@itu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Capanoglu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, Ghent 653 B-9000, Belgium. john.vancamp@ugent.be.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Camp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018977:Micronutrients; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: co-culture; cytokine; endothelium; intestine; liver