title: THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF CURCUMIN IN ZYMOSAN-INDUCED MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME IN MICE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is characterized as progressive and uncontrolled inflammatory response which involves activation of inflammatory cascades, cytokines release, and endothelial dysfunction, leading to deterioration of several organ functions. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol related to the yellow color of turmeric and has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-tumor effect. We conducted the study to investigate the effects of curcumin in non-septic MODS caused by zymosan in mice model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mice were randomly allocated into five groups (six mice per group): control group (treated with physiological saline, 0.1 mL daily for 3 days before and 1 h after physiological saline treatment), DMSO group (treated with DMSO, 0.1 mL daily for 3 days before and 1 h after physiological saline treatment), Curcumin group (200 mg/kg, suspended in DMSO, in a final volume of 0.1 mL, used for 3 days daily before and 1 h after physiological saline treatment), Zymosan+DMSO group (treated with DMSO, 0.1 mL daily for 3 days before and 1 h after zymosan treatment) and Zymosan+ Curcumin group (treated with curcumin, suspended in DMSO at a dose of 0.1 mL daily for 3 days before and 1 h after zymosan treatment).Mice in groups were sacrificed, and then the blood and tissues were collected to evaluate the severity of acute peritonitis, tissue histopathological changes, NO formation, oxidative stress, PMN infiltration, cytokines production, organ function, and NF-κB activation 18 h after when zymosan or physiological saline was injected. In another set of experiments, the mice were also grouped (20 mice per group) for monitoring the loss of body weight and mortality for 7 days after zymosan or physiological saline administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Curcumin induces a significant reduction of the volume exudate and the neutrophil infiltration. It also could exhibit an outstanding protective effect against histopathological injury by decreasing the NO formation, oxidative stress, cytokines production, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The organ function is also improved by administration of curcumin. Moreover, the activation of NF-κB is attenuated by curcumin in the MODS mice model, suggesting that curcumin attenuated the zymosan-induced MODS via inhibiting the expression of NF-κB possibly. In addition, curcumin-treated mice were shown to alleviate the severity of MODS characterized by a minor systemic toxicity, less body weight loss, and lower mortality caused by zymosan administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Curcumin attenuates zymosan-induced MODS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Sushun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jingyao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Sidong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Runchen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015054:Zymosan / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015054:Zymosan; D003474:Curcumin