title: Job Strain and Self-Reported Insomnia Symptoms among Nurses: What about the Influence of Emotional Demands and Social Support?
abstract: Job strain, derived from high psychological demands and low job control, is associated with insomnia, but information on the role of emotional demands and social support in this relationship is scarce. The aims of this study were (i) to test the association between job strain and self-reported insomnia symptoms, (ii) to evaluate the combination of emotional demands and job control regarding insomnia symptoms, and (iii) to analyze the influence of social support in these relationships. This cross-sectional study refers to a sample of nurses (N = 3,013 and N = 3,035 for Job Strain and Emotional demand-control model, resp.) working at public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected through a self-report questionnaire. The prevalence of insomnia symptoms was 34.3%. Job strain was associated with increased odds for insomnia symptoms (OR: 2.20); the same result was observed with the combination of emotional demands and low job control (OR: 1.99). In both models, the inclusion of low social support combined with high demands and low job control led to increased odds for insomnia symptoms, compared to groups with high social support from coworkers and supervisors. Besides job strain, the study of emotional demands and social support are promising with regards to insomnia symptoms, particularly among nurses.
authors.affiliation: National School of Public Health (ENSP/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Fernandes
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Portela
authors.affiliation: Health and Environmental Education Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, 21040360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kröning Luna
authors.affiliation: Health and Environmental Education Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, 21040360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rotenberg
authors.affiliation: Health and Environmental Education Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, 21040360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silva-Costa
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University and Karolinska Institute, Sveaplan, Sveavägen 160, Floor 5, 106-91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toivanen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, R. Cláudio Manoel da Costa 74/1401, Canela, 40110-180 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Health and Environmental Education Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, 21040360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosane Härter
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Griep
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires