title: Use of Smart Technology for Remote Consultation in the Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of smartphone and tablet technology ("smart technology" or ST) in remote consultation for pediatric and congenital cardiac catheterization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two online surveys, to early-career (Mentees) and senior (Mentors) pediatric interventional cardiologists, designed to assess the current use and attitudes toward ST for remote consultation. In addition, the current literature is reviewed for use of remote consultations and potential legal and patient privacy concerns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-six (40%) Mentees and 19 (48%) Mentors responded. 74% of Mentees report using ST for remote consultation, 26% for nearly every case, with 45% of communication occurring during a procedure. Over one-third of Mentees report they have performed an intervention for the first time based on ST consultation. Of Mentors that reported receiving ST consultation, 58% were comfortable providing advice via this method, but 42% felt that the imaging sent was inadequate to provide appropriate advice for at least one case. Both groups felt the speed of consultation was much faster using ST. Privacy measures were reportedly used in up to 85% of consultations, while only 12% of respondents obtained informed consent for the consultation. The most common barrier identified by Mentees for use of ST for consultations was patient privacy concerns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ST use is prevalent among early-career pediatric and congenital interventional cardiologists for consultation regarding catheterization procedures. There are many technologic, legal, and patient privacy concerns that will need to be addressed as the use of ST for remote consultation grows.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Arizona Medical Center, Tucson, Ariz, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Seckeler
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, Calif, USA.
authors.forename: Brent M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Brenner Children's Hospital, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Derek A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; For the Pediatric and Congenital Interventional Cardiology Early-Career Society (PICES).
authors.forename: Bryan H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002309:Cardiology / Q000193:education*; D018961:Educational Technology; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*; D019114:Remote Consultation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Catheterization; Congenital; Consultation; Patient Privacy; Smart Technology