title: Parents and adolescents preferences for asthma control: a best-worst scaling choice experiment using an orthogonal main effects design.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The preferences of parents and children with asthma influence their ability to manage a child's asthma and achieve good control. Potential differences between parents and adolescents with respect to specific parameters of asthma control are not considered in clinical asthma guidelines. The objective was to measure and compare the preferences of parents and adolescents with asthma with regard to asthma control parameters using best worst scaling (BWS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two parents of children with asthma and 44 adolescents with asthma participated in a BWS study to quantify preferences regarding night-time symptoms, wheezing/chest tightening, changes in asthma medications, emergency visits and physical activity limitations. Conditional logit regression was used to determine each group's utility for each level of each asthma control parameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parents displayed the strongest positive preference for the absence of night-time symptoms (β = 2.09, p < 0.00001) and the strongest negative preference for 10 emergency room visits per year (β = -2.15, p < 0.00001). Adolescents displayed the strongest positive preference for the absence of physical activity limitations (β = 2.17, p < 0.00001) and the strongest negative preference for ten physical activity limitations per month (β = -1.97). Both groups were least concerned with changes to medications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents and adolescents placed different weights on the importance of asthma control parameters and each group displayed unique preferences. Understanding the relative importance placed on each parameter by parents and adolescents is essential for designing effective patient-focused disease management plans.
authors.affiliation: Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 11th floor, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada. wendy.ungar@sickkids.ca.|The Institute for Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. wendy.ungar@sickkids.ca.
authors.forename: Wendy J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ungar
authors.affiliation: Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 11th floor, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.
authors.forename: Anahita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hadioonzadeh
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Najafzadeh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicole W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.affiliation: Program of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 11th floor, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.|The Institute for Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dell
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.|Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Larry D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lynd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D057240:Patient Preference / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012044:Regression Analysis