title: A Long-Term High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet Promotes Kidney Lipid Deposition and Causes Apoptosis and Glomerular Hypertrophy in Bama Minipigs.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome can induce chronic renal injury in humans. In the present study, Bama minipigs were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) for 23 months, which caused them to develop the pathological characteristics of metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia, and resulted in kidney tissue damage. In the HFHSD group, the ratio of the glomus areas to the glomerulus area and the glomerular density inside the renal cortex both decreased. Lipid deposition in the renal tubules was detected in the HFHSD group, and up-regulated expression levels of SREBP-1, FABP3 and LEPR promoted lipid deposition. The decreased levels of SOD, T-AOC and GSH-PX indicated that the antioxidant capacity of the renal tissues was diminished in the HFHSD group compared with MDA, which increased. The renal tissue in the HFHSD group exhibited clear signs of inflammation as well as significantly elevated expression of key genes associated with inflammation, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), compared with the control group. The tubular epithelial cells in the HFHSD group displayed significantly greater numbers of apoptotic cells, and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the renal tubules decreased. Caspase-3 expression increased significantly, and the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) was activated and translocated into the nucleus. In conclusion, long-term HFHSDs cause metabolic syndrome and chronic renal tissue injury in Bama minipigs. These findings provide a foundation for further studies investigating metabolic syndrome and nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm, Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhanzhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm, Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jihan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm, Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Leilei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yaoxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm, Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shulin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm, Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.|Agricultural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, CAAS, Shenzhen, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006984:Hypertrophy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D053148:Caspase 3