title: The effect of powder A2/powder A3 mixing ratio on color and translucency parameters of dental porcelain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to mix dental ceramic powder in varying ratios and evaluate the effect of the mixing ratio on color and translucency.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ceramic powder of shade A3 of the same product was mixed with the shade A2 of three products: IPS e.max Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), Vintage Halo (SHOFU Inc., Kyoto, Japan), and Ceramco 3 (Ceramco-Dentsply, Burlington, NJ, USA) in the following fixed ratios (0 wt%, 25 wt%, 50 wt%, 75 wt%, and 100 wt%) and then fired. A total of 150 specimen of ceramic fired were manufactured in a regular size (W: 8.5 mm, L: 10.5 mm, and H: 1.5 mm). For color and translucency, L*, a*, and b* were measured and Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The higher the mixing ratio was, L*, a*, and b* of IPS e.max Ceram were all increased, and L* of Vintage Halo was reduced and a* and b* were increased. L* and a* of Ceramco3 were reduced and b* of Ceramco3 was increased. Color difference (ΔE*ab) was increased in all three products as the mixing ratio got higher. Increased mixing ratios resulted in decreased translucency parameter (TP) values for IPS e.max Ceram but increased TP values for Vintage Halo and Ceramco3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this limited study, CIE L*, a*, and b* were influenced by the mixing ratio of the A3 powders and porcelain powder mixtures represented a various color and translucency.
authors.affiliation: Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wan-Sun
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woong-Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: CIELAB; Color; Dental porcelain; Translucency