title: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1B1 as a Modulator of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to examine expression and the role, if any, of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)1B1 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tissue microarray of 61 pancreatic cancer patients were evaluated for protein expression of ALDH1B1 by immunohistochemistry. The ALDH1B1 small interfering (RNA) was used to assess the contribution of ALDH1B1 on proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal human pancreas, ALDH1B1 is abundantly expressed in glandular cells, but sparsely in the ducts (ALDH1B1 immunopositivity = 16.7 ± 1.7). In pancreatic ductal carcinoma, we found high ALDH1B1 expression in ductal cancerous tissues (ALDH1B1 immunopositivity = 197.2 ± 29.4). Analysis of ALDH1B1 expression in a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue microarray showed the greatest expression in tumors that were more invasive. A variation in ALDH1B1 expression was also observed in 16 human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Knockdown of ALDH1B1 caused a 35% reduction in cell growth in the high ALDH1B1-expressing cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show for the first time that ALDH1B1 is expressed at very high levels in human pancreatic cancer, and it contributes to proliferation in these tumor cells. These data suggest a potential modulatory role for ALDH1B1 in pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, †Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and ‡Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO; §Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; and ∥Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO.
authors.forename: Surendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Arcaroli
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Orlicky
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wells A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Messersmith
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bagby
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Purkey
authors.forename: Kevin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Quackenbush
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Vasilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vasiliou
mesh_terms: D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D034622:RNA Interference; D015398:Signal Transduction; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014162:Transfection; D047368:Tumor Burden; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; C524846:ALDH1B1 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial