title: The Difference between Anxiolytic and Anxiogenic Effects Induced by Acute and Chronic Alcohol Exposure and Changes in Associative Learning and Memory Based on Color Preference and the Cause of Parkinson-Like Behaviors in Zebrafish.
abstract: We describe an interdisciplinary comparison of the effects of acute and chronic alcohol exposure in terms of their disturbance of light, dark and color preferences and the occurrence of Parkinson-like behavior in zebrafish through computer visual tracking, data mining, and behavioral and physiological analyses. We found that zebrafish in anxiolytic and anxious states, which are induced by acute and chronic repeated alcohol exposure, respectively, display distinct emotional reactions in light/dark preference tests as well as distinct learning and memory abilities in color-enhanced conditional place preference (CPP) tests. Additionally, compared with the chronic alcohol (1.0%) treatment, acute alcohol exposure had a significant, dose-dependent effect on anxiety, learning and memory (color preference) as well as locomotive activities. Acute exposure doses (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) generated an "inverted V" dose-dependent pattern in all of the behavioral parameters, with 1.0% having the greatest effect, while the chronic treatment had a moderate effect. Furthermore, by measuring locomotive activity, learning and memory performance, the number of dopaminergic neurons, tyrosine hydroxylase expression, and the change in the photoreceptors in the retina, we found that acute and chronic alcohol exposure induced varying degrees of Parkinson-like symptoms in zebrafish. Taken together, these results illuminated the behavioral and physiological mechanisms underlying the changes associated with learning and memory and the cause of potential Parkinson-like behaviors in zebrafish due to acute and chronic alcohol exposure.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Degenerative Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information Systems, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information Systems, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Zhu
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information Systems, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Degenerative Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Yan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Zeng
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003116:Color; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013550:Swimming; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol