title: Combination therapy for type 2 diabetes: dapagliflozin plus metformin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic and multifactorial metabolic disease, which brings great threats to public health. The morbidity of T2D keeps growing, and it is estimated that the population with T2D will rise to 552 million throughout the world by 2030. Effective glycemic control in patients is crucial for the treatment of T2D. However, with progressive deterioration of disease, most patients are usually unable to achieve glycemic targets receiving antidiabetic agent monotherapy. In such cases, combination therapy with different mechanisms of antidiabetic agents is highly desired. In addition, combination therapy can provide advantages beyond better glycemic improvement such as reduced incidence of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed all the published data regarding the fixed-dose combination therapy of dapagliflozin combined with metformin, including complementary mechanism of action, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fixed-dose combination of dapagliflozin and metformin exerts synergistic effects based on two antidiabetic agents with complementary mechanisms of action. Rational co-administration of dapagliflozin and metformin provides better glycemic control with potential weight loss and the reduced incidence of hypoglycaemia.
authors.affiliation: a Department of endocrinology , Yuyao People's Hospital , Yuyao 315400 , China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: b College of Pharmaceutical Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China.
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005960:Glucosides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008687:Metformin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005960:Glucosides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C089180:SLC5A2 protein, human; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; C529054:dapagliflozin; D008687:Metformin
keywords: combination therapy; dapagliflozin; metformin; sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor; type 2 diabetes