title: Preparation of novel stable antibacterial nanoparticles using hydroxyethylcellulose and application in paper.
abstract: Taking advantage of the self-assembly between the components, novel stable antibacterial nanoparticles were efficiently fabricated via a facile one-step co-polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) on a mixed aqueous solution of poly(hexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride) (PHMG) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC). The z-average hydrodynamic diameters of the nanoparticles ranged from 220 nm to 450 nm. The inner layer of the nanoparticles is composed of water-insoluble interpolymer complexes of PHMG and PAA networks, while the outer layer is composed of PHMG and HEC. The nanoparticles are stabilized by electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding interactions, and the chemical bonds. The nanoparticle solution remained stable in a wide pH range of 2.0-12.0 and at salt concentrations below 0.25 mol/L. The nanoparticles were incorporated into handsheets using a dipping treatment. The resulted handsheets exhibited excellent antimicrobial activities even after multiple water washing treatments. The nanoparticles are promising in fabricating paper, water-based coatings and textiles with permanent antibacterial activity.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Dafu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China. Electronic address: zhyw@dhu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Youwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006146:Guanidines / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010209:Paper
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D006146:Guanidines; C060540:polyhexamethyleneguanidine; D002482:Cellulose; C002283:hydroxyethylcellulose; C021221:N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide
keywords: Acrylic acid (PubChem CID: 6581); Ammonium persulfate (PubChem CID: 62648); Antibacterial activity; Guanidine hydrochloride (PubChem CID: 5742); Hexamethylene diamine (PubChem CID: 16402); Hydrochloric acid (PubChem CID: 313); Hydroxyethylcellulose; N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylene diamine (PubChem CID: 8037); N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (PubChem CID: 8041); Nanoparticles; Poly(hexamethylenediamine guanidine hydrochloride); Self-assembly