title: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Related Readmission in Preterm Infants Less than 34 weeks' Gestation Following Discharge from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Korea.
abstract: This study was done to evaluate respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) related readmission (RRR) and risk factors of RRR in preterm infants < 34 weeks gestational age (GA) within 1 yr following discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Infants (n = 1,140) who were born and admitted to the NICUs of 46 hospitals in Korea from April to September 2012, and followed up for > 1 yr after discharge from the NICU, were enrolled. The average GA and birth weight of the infants was 30(+5) ± 2(+5) weeks and 1,502 ± 474 g, respectively. The RRR rate of enrolled infants was 8.4% (96/1,140), and RSV accounted for 58.2% of respiratory readmissions of infants who had laboratory tests confirming etiological viruses. Living with elder siblings (odd ratio [OR], 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68-4.28; P < 0.001), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.44-6.04; P = 0.003, BPD vs. none) increased the risk of RRR. Palivizumab prophylaxis (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03-0.13; P < 0.001) decreased the risk of RRR. The risk of RRR of infants of 32-33 weeks' gestation was lower than that of infants < 26 weeks' gestation (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.53; P = 0.006). This was a nationwide study that evaluated the rate and associated risk factors of RRR in Korean preterm infants. Preterm infants with BPD or living with siblings should be supervised, and administration of palivizumab to prevent RRR should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jang Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Chun Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sungkyunkwan University Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Sil
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001724:Birth Weight; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D000069455:Palivizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010359:Patient Readmission; D056910:Republic of Korea; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012307:Risk Factors; D035781:Siblings
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000069455:Palivizumab
keywords: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Infants; Palivizumab; Patient Readmission; Premature; Respiratory Syncytial Virus