title: Single port laparoscopic orchidopexy in children using surgical glove port and conventional rigid instruments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We review the literature and describe our technique for laparoendoscopic single-site orchidopexy using a glove port and rigid instruments. We assessed the feasibility and outcomes of this procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the case records of all children who had undergone laparoendoscopic single-site orchidopexy by use of a surgical glove port and conventional rigid instruments for a nonpalpable intraabdominal testis between January 2013 and September 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from a total of 20 patients were collected. The patients' mean age was 18 months. All cases had a nonpalpable unilateral undescended testis. Fourteen patients (70%) had an undescended testis on the right side and six patients (30%) had an undescended testis on the left side. Seventeen patients underwent primary orchidopexy. Three patients underwent single-port laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy for the first and the second stage. Average operating time was 57 minutes (range, 40 to 80 minutes). No patient was lost to follow-up. At follow-up, 2 testes were found to have retracted out of the scrotum and these were successfully dealt with in a second operation. One testis was hypoplastic in the scrotal pouch. There were no signs of umbilical hernia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single-port laparoscopic orchidopexy using a glove port and rigid instruments is technically feasible and safe for various nonpalpable intraabdominal testes. However, surgical experience and long-term follow-up are needed to confirm the superiority of this technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, School of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ben Dhaou
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, School of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Chtourou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rahma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, School of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Jallouli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, School of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Zitouni
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hayet
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, School of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mhiri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riadh
mesh_terms: D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005932:Gloves, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D056126:Orchiopexy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Laparoscopy; Orchiopexy; Testis