title: Amine neurotransmitters, inflammation and epithelial sodium transport.
abstract: What is the topic of this review? The present work reviews the roles of renal and intestinal dopamine and 5-HT in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The role of inflammatory agents at the intestinal level that affect fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is also addressed. What advances does it highlight? General mechanisms of epithelial cell ion transport in the gastrointestinal tract and kidney share considerable similarities, particularly with regard to basolateral Na(+) ,K(+-) ATPase as a driving force for the movement of numerous substrates across the cell membrane. The physiological importance of the renal actions of monoamines (dopamine, noradrenaline and 5-HT) mainly depends on the sources of the amines in the kidney and on their availability to activate the amine-specific receptors. Dopamine and 5-HT are also relatively abundant in the mucosal cell layer of the intestine, and recent evidence suggests their physiological relevance in regulating electrolyte transport. The gastrointestinal tract can be an important site for the loss of water and electrolytes, in the presence of intestinal inflammation. General mechanisms of epithelial cell ion transport in the gastrointestinal tract and kidney share considerable similarities with regard to basolateral Na(+) ,K(+) -ATPase as a driving force for the movement of numerous substrates across the cell membrane. The present work reviews the roles of renal and intestinal dopamine and 5-HT in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The role of inflammatory agents at the intestinal level that affect fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is also addressed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patrício
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soares-da-Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: José Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Diogo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sónia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Magro
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D004573:Electrolytes; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D012701:Serotonin; D012964:Sodium; D004298:Dopamine