title: [Influence of paddy rice-upland crop rotation of cold-waterlogged paddy field on crops produc- tion and soil characteristics].
abstract: Two consecutive years (4-crop) experiments were conducted to study the influence of different paddy rice-upland crop rotation in cold-waterlogged paddy field on the growth of crops and soil characteristics. The result showed that compared with the rice-winter fallow (CK) pattern, the two-year average yield of paddy rice under four rotation modes, including rape-rice (R-R), spring corn-rice (C-R), Chinese milk vetch-rice (M-R) and bean-rice (B-R), were increased by 5.3%-26.7%, with significant difference observed in C-R and R-R patterns. Except for M-R pattern, the annual average total economic benefits were improved by 79.0%-392.4% in all rotation pattern compared with the CK, and the ration of output/input was enhanced by 0.06-0.72 unit, with the most significant effect found in the C-R pattern. Likewise, compared with the CK, the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of rice plant were all increased during the full-tillering stage of rice in all rotation patterns. The rusty lines and rusty spots of soils were more obvious compared with the CK during the rice harvest, particularly in R-R, C-R and B-R patterns. The ratio of water-stable soil macro aggregates of plough layer of soil (> 2 mm) decreased at different levels in all rotation patterns while the ratios of middle aggregate (0.25-2 mm, expect for M-R) and micro aggregate of soil (< 0.25 mm) were opposite. There was a decreasing trend for soil active reducing agents in all rotation patterns, whereas the available nutrient increased. The amounts of soil bacteria in C-R and B-R patterns, fungi in B-R rotation pattern, cellulose bacteria in R-R, C-R and B-R patterns and N-fixing bacteria in B-R pattern were improved by 285.7%-403.0%, 221.7%, 64.6-92.2% and 162.2%, respectively. Moreover, the differences in all microorganisms were significant. Thus, based on the experimental results of cold-waterlogged paddy field, it was concluded that changing from single cropping rice system to C-R, R-R and B-R rotation patterns had good effect in terms of improving total yield and economic benefits, and soil physical and chemical properties were improved.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-hua
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chun-mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Shao-jie
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xin-jian
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jian-cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000254:growth & development; D055868:Floods; D012275:Oryza / Q000254:growth & development*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014867:Water; D003313:Zea mays / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014867:Water