title: Effects of parasagittal meningiomas on intracranial venous circulation assessed by the virtual reality technology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study is to investigate the compensatory intracranial venous pathways in parasagittal meningiomas (PSM) patients by virtual reality technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 48 PSM patients (tumor group) and 20 patients with trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm but without intracranial venous diseases (control group) were enrolled. All patients underwent 3D CE-MRV examination. The 3D reconstructed images by virtual reality technology were used for assessment of diameter and number of intracranial veins, tumor location, venous sinus invasion degree and collateral circulation formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diameter of bridging veins in posterior 1/3 superior sagittal sinus (SSS) in tumor group was significantly smaller than that of the control group (P < 0.05). For tumors located in mid 1/3 SSS, diameter of bridging veins and vein of Labbé (VL) in posterior 1/3 SSS decreased significantly (P < 0.05). For tumors located in posterior 1/3 SSS, bridging vein number and transverse sinus (TS) diameter significantly decreased while superficial Sylvian vein (SSV) diameter increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with tumor in posterior 1/3 SSS subgroup, number of bridging veins in the tumor in mid 1/3 SSS subgroup increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, only the bridging vein number in anterior 1/3 SSS segment in invasion Type 3-4 tumor subgroup decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Diameter of TS and bridging veins in posterior 1/3 SSS segment in sinus invasion Type 5-6 tumor subgroup decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, only the diameter of VL and TS of collateral circulation Grade 1 tumor subgroup decreased significantly (P < 0.05) while in Grade 3 tumor subgroup, TS diameter decreased and SSV diameter increased significantly (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intracranial blood flow is mainly drained through SSV drainage after SSS occlusion by PSM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shousen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Liangfeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shiqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jing
keywords: Parasagittal meningioma; collateral circulation; magnetic resonance venography; venous protection; virtual reality