title: Expression of metabolic sensing receptors in adipose tissues of periparturient dairy cows with differing extent of negative energy balance.
abstract: We recently showed that the mRNA expression of genes encoding for specific nutrient sensing receptors, namely the free fatty acid receptors (FFAR) 1, 2, 3, and the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (HCAR) 2, undergo characteristic changes during the transition from late pregnancy to lactation in certain adipose tissues (AT) of dairy cows. We hypothesised that divergent energy intake achieved by feeding diets with either high or low portions of concentrate (60% v. 30% concentrate on a dry matter basis) will alter the mRNA expression of FFAR 1, 2, 3, as well as HCAR2 in subcutaneous (SCAT) and retroperitoneal AT (RPAT) of dairy cows in the first 3 weeks postpartum (p.p.). For this purpose, 20 multiparous German Holstein cows were allocated to either the high concentrate ration (HC, n=10) or the low concentrate ration (LC, n=10) from day 1 to 21 p.p. Serum samples and biopsies of SCAT (tail head) and RPAT (above the peritoneum) were obtained at day -21, 1 and 21 relative to parturition. The mRNA abundances were measured by quantitative PCR. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in serum were measured by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector. The FFAR1 and FFAR2 mRNA abundance in RPAT was higher at day -21 compared to day 1. At day 21 p.p. the FFAR2 mRNA abundance was 2.5-fold higher in RPAT of the LC animals compared to the HC cows. The FFAR3 mRNA abundance tended to lower values in SCAT of the LC group at day 21. The HCAR2 mRNA abundance was neither affected by time nor by feeding in both AT. On day 21 p.p. the HC group had 1.7-fold greater serum concentrations of propionic acid and lower concentrations of acetic acid (trend: 1.2-fold lower) compared with the LC group. Positive correlations between the mRNA abundance of HCAR2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-2 (PPARG2) indicate a link between HCAR2 and PPARG2 in both AT. We observed an inverse regulation of FFAR2 and FFAR3 expression over time and both receptors also showed an inverse mRNA abundance as induced by different portions of concentrate. Thus, indicating divergent nutrient sensing of both receptors in AT during the transition period. We propose that the different manifestation of negative EB in both groups at day 21 after parturition affect at least FFAR2 expression in RPAT.
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Animal Science,Physiology & Hygiene Unit,University of Bonn,53115 Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Friedrichs
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Animal Science,Physiology & Hygiene Unit,University of Bonn,53115 Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauerwein
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Physiology,University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover,Foundation,30171 Hannover,Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.affiliation: 3Clinic for Cattle,University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover,Foundation,30171 Hannover,Germany.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Locher
authors.affiliation: 3Clinic for Cattle,University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover,Foundation,30171 Hannover,Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rehage
authors.affiliation: 4Institute of Animal Nutrition,Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI),Federal Research Institute for Animal Health,38116 Braunschweig,Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: 4Institute of Animal Nutrition,Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI),Federal Research Institute for Animal Health,38116 Braunschweig,Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dänicke
authors.affiliation: 5Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner',Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN),18196 Dummerstorf,Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kuhla
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Animal Science,Physiology & Hygiene Unit,University of Bonn,53115 Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mielenz
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007774:Lactation; D036801:Parturition; D058725:Peripartum Period; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: bovine adipose tissue; metabolic sensing; transition period