title: Morbidity, mortality and cost from HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer: Impact of 2-, 4- and 9-valent vaccines.
abstract: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) related to human papillomavirus (HPV) is increasing at a dramatic rate, with men affected more commonly than women. Individuals who develop this disease suffer significant morbidity and potential mortality from their cancer and its associated treatment. We aim to evaluate the possible impact that the currently available HPV vaccines will have on this group of cancers.
  
  
  
  Available peer-reviewed literature, practice guidelines, and statistics published by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
  
  
  
  Contemporary peer-reviewed medical literature was selected based on its scientific validity and relevance to the impact HPV vaccination may have on the morbidity, mortality and cost resulting from HPV-related OPSCC in the United States.
  
  
  
  The incidence of HPV-related OPSCC is increasing at a near epidemic rate in the United States. The cost of treatment of HPV-related OPSCC is high, and the disease and its therapy result in significant morbidity and potential mortality to individuals. Using a cut-off of $50,000/Quality-Adjusted Life Year, expansion of current HPV vaccine indications to include prevention of OPSCC in both men and women should be recommended.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN USA.
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.affiliation: b Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Louisiana State University Health , Shreveport , LA USA.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult