title: Osteoid osteoma of the foot and ankle--A systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoid osteomas are responsible for 10% of benign bone tumours. Treatment typically involves surgical excision or radio frequency ablation. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate reported cases of foot and ankle osteoid osteomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review of the literature using the online databases Medline and EMBASE. We included studies reporting osteoid osteoma diagnosed either radiologically or histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  94 studies were included reporting 223 cases; 70.5% were male, mean age was 23 years, 69% reported night pain and 72% responded to NSAIDs. The commonest affected bone was the talus. CT scan was the most useful radiological investigation and MRI missed the diagnosis in 34% of cases. The majority of patients underwent surgical excision but an increasing trend of ablation therapy was demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high index of suspicion based on salient history and appropriate imaging are essential for timely identification and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Robert.jordan@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.affiliation: Southampton General Hospital, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Togay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koç
authors.affiliation: Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anna W P
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.affiliation: Royal Bournemouth Hospital, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Heath P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000842:Ankle; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005528:Foot; D006801:Humans; D010017:Osteoma, Osteoid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Ankle; Foot; Laser thermocoagulation; Osteoid osteoma; Radiofrequency ablation