title: Moving toward the ideal insulin for insulin pumps.
abstract: Advances in insulin formulations have been important for diabetes management and achieving optimal glycemic control. Rapid-acting insulin analogs provide a faster time-action profile than regular insulin and are approved for use in pumps. However, the need remains for therapy to deliver a more physiologic insulin profile. New insulin formulations and delivery methods are in development, with the aim of accelerating insulin absorption to accomplish ultra-fast-acting insulin time-action profiles. Furthermore, the integration of continuous glucose monitoring with insulin pump therapy enables on-going adjustment of insulin delivery to optimize glycemic control throughout the day and night. These technological and pharmacological advances are likely to facilitate the development of closed-loop pump systems (i.e., artificial pancreas), and improve glycemic control and quality of life for patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.
authors.forename: Eda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cengiz
authors.affiliation: b Atlanta Diabetes Associates , Atlanta , GA , USA.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Name
authors.affiliation: c Yale Center for Clinical Investigation , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.
authors.forename: William V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Tamborlane
mesh_terms: D065567:Absorption, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D061266:Insulin, Short-Acting / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D061266:Insulin, Short-Acting
keywords: CGM; CSII; closed-loop delivery system; faster-acting insulin aspart; hyaluronidase; inhaled insulin; pump; site-warming devices; ultra-fast-acting insulin analogs