title: Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by 2,2'-bipyridyl, lipoic, kojic and picolinic acids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The inhibitory effects of iron chelators, and FeCl3 chelation on biofilm formation and swarming motility were investigated against an opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  The inhibitory activity of 2,2'-bipyridyl, lipoic acid, kojic acid and picolinic acid on biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 and three clinical isolates (P. aeruginosa PAK01, P. aeruginosa PAK02 and P. aeruginosa PAK03) were investigated, based on crystal violet assay, and swarming motility test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The kojic, lipoic and picolinic acid inhibited biofilm formation by 5-33% in all tested P. aeruginosa isolates. When chelated iron was added, biofilm inhibition rates were determined to be 39-57%. Among the tested chelators against P. aeruginosa, lipoic acid (84%) and kojic acid (68%) presented the highest inhibition of swarming motility. This is the first study to report the inhibitory effect of lipoic acid on biofilm formation and swarming motility of P. aeruginosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is considered that lipoic and picolinic acids can serve as alternatives for the treatment of the P. aeruginosa infections by inhibiting biofilm formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Türkiye.
authors.forename: Kübra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Çevik
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Türkiye.
authors.forename: Seyhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
keywords: Alpha lipoic acid; Biofilm; Kojic acid; Picolinic acid; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Swarming motility