title: Dietary magnesium, calcium:magnesium ratio and risk of reflux oesophagitis, Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a population-based case-control study.
abstract: Evidence suggests a role of Mg and the ratio of Ca:Mg intakes in the prevention of colonic carcinogenesis. The association between these nutrients and oesophageal adenocarcinoma - a tumour with increasing incidence in developed countries and poor survival rates - has yet to be explored. The aim of this investigation was to explore the association between Mg intake and related nutrients and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma and its precursor conditions, Barrett's oesophagus and reflux oesophagitis. This analysis included cases of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (n 218), Barrett's oesophagus (n 212), reflux oesophagitis (n 208) and population-based controls (n 252) recruited between 2002 and 2005 throughout the island of Ireland. All the subjects completed a 101-item FFQ. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was applied to determine odds of disease according to dietary intakes of Mg, Ca and Ca:Mg ratio. After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals consuming the highest amounts of Mg from foods had significant reductions in the odds of reflux oesophagitis (OR 0·31; 95 % CI 0·11, 0·87) and Barrett's oesophagus (OR 0·29; 95 % CI 0·12, 0·71) compared with individuals consuming the lowest amounts of Mg. The protective effect of Mg was more apparent in the context of a low Ca:Mg intake ratio. No significant associations were observed for Mg intake and oesophageal adenocarcinoma risk (OR 0·77; 95 % CI 0·30, 1·99 comparing the highest and the lowest tertiles of consumption). In conclusion, dietary Mg intakes were inversely associated with reflux oesophagitis and Barrett's oesophagus risk in this Irish population.
authors.affiliation: 1Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center,Department of Medicine,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,Nashville,TN 37203,USA.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Public Health Northern Ireland,Centre for Public Health,Queens University Belfast,Belfast,BT12 6BJ,Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Marie M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cantwell
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Public Health Northern Ireland,Centre for Public Health,Queens University Belfast,Belfast,BT12 6BJ,Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Liam J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: 1Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center,Department of Medicine,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,Nashville,TN 37203,USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Public Health Northern Ireland,Centre for Public Health,Queens University Belfast,Belfast,BT12 6BJ,Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Lesley A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Epidemiology & Health Services Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Public Health Northern Ireland,Centre for Public Health,Queens University Belfast,Belfast,BT12 6BJ,Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Helen G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Coleman
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004522:Educational Status; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009660:Northern Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Barrett’s oesophagus; Calcium; Diets; Magnesium; Oesophageal adenocarcinoma; Reflux oesophagitis; Vitamin D