title: Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia associated with injected new psychoactive substances.
abstract: Injecting drug use is often associated with deep-seated infection. In Lothian in Scotland there has been a recent increase in the use of injected new psychoactive substances (NPS). Patients who have injected NPS have presented with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) with life-threatening complications. We describe a unique case-series of 14 episodes of SAB in ten patients. Users of injected NPS had a significantly higher incidence of endocarditis and cavitating pulmonary lesions (P < 0·05) compared to those who inject only opiates. Cases of SAB in people who inject NPS have contributed to a significant rise in the overall incidence of SAB in people who inject drugs (P < 0·05) which has in turn impacted on the ability of Lothian to meet national targets for reducing the incidence of SAB.
authors.affiliation: Regional Infectious Diseases Unit,Western General Hospital,Edinburgh,UK.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.affiliation: Regional Infectious Diseases Unit,Western General Hospital,Edinburgh,UK.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Mackintosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology,Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh,UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inverarity
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015198:Designer Drugs; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs
keywords: Bloodstream infections; Staphylococcus aureus; endocarditis; injecting drug use; pulmonary abscess