title: Dynamic-mechanical and thermomechanical properties of cellulose nanofiber/polyester resin composites.
abstract: Composites of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) obtained from dry cellulose waste of softwood (Pinus sp.) and hardwood (Eucalyptus sp.) were developed. The fiber properties and the influence of the CNFs in the dynamic-mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. CNFs with a diameter of 70-90 nm were obtained. Eucalyptus sp. has higher α-cellulose content than Pinus sp. fibers. The crystallinity of the cellulose pulps decreased after grinding. However, high values were still obtained. The chemical composition of the fibers was not significantly altered by the grinding process. Eucalyptus sp. CNF composites had water absorption close to the neat resin at 1 wt% filler. The dynamic-mechanical properties of Eucalyptus sp. CNFs were slightly increased and the thermal stability was improved.
authors.affiliation: Post-graduate Program in Engineering of Processes and Technologies (PGEPROTEC), Laboratory of Polymers (LPOL), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), 95070-490 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: alelvt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lavoratti
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials (DEMAT) Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), BP 15010, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: lisete.scienza@ufrgs.br.
authors.forename: Lisete Cristine
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Scienza
authors.affiliation: Post-graduate Program in Engineering of Processes and Technologies (PGEPROTEC), Laboratory of Polymers (LPOL), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), 95070-490 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: ajzattera@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Ademir José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Zattera
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000737:chemistry*; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D011091:Polyesters; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Cellulose nanofiber (CNF); Cellulose waste; Composites; Mechanical fibrillation; Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR)