title: The effects of different lipid emulsions on the lipid profile, fatty acid composition, and antioxidant capacity of preterm infants: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial.
abstract: Olive oil (OO), medium-chain triglycerides (MCT)/long-chain triglycerides (LCT) mixture and soybean oil (SO) lipid emulsions are currently used for preterm infants in China. The aim of our study was to compare the lipid profile, fatty acid composition, and antioxidant capacity of preterm infants administered OO, MCT/LCT, or SO lipid emulsions.
  
  
  
  In this study, 156 preterm infants (birth weight < 2000 g and gestational age < 37 weeks) received parenteral nutrition (PN) containing OO, MCT/LCT, or SO lipid emulsions for a minimum of 14 d. On days 0, 7, and 14, the lipid profile, fatty acid composition and antioxidant capacity were analyzed.
  
  
  
  On day 7, HDL levels in the MCT/LCT group were significantly lower than in the OO (1.06 ± 0.40 mmol/L) or SO groups. LDL levels were higher in the OO group than in the MCT/LCT or SO groups on day 7. A-I/B was higher in MCT/LCT than in OO or SO groups. Myristic acid (C14:0) levels on days 7 and 14 increased in MCT/LCT compared to the OO and SO groups. The OO group had higher oleic acid (C18:1n9) levels than the two other groups. Linoleic acid (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n3) were significantly lower in the OO group than in MCT/LCT or SO groups. Monounsaturated fatty acid levels decreased, and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and essential fatty acids levels increased in MCT/LCT and SO groups. No significant differences were obtained in SOD, MDA, GSH-Px, and T-AOC among the groups.
  
  
  
  The three lipid emulsions were safe and well tolerated in preterm infants. Oleic acid (C18:1n9) levels increased and LA (C18:2n6), ALA (C18:3n3), and EPA (C20:5n23) levels decreased in OO compared to MCT/LCT or SO.
  
  
  
  NCT01683162, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Juan
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Li-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Ya
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China. Electronic address: caiw1978@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D000069463:Olive Oil; D014280:Triglycerides; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D019301:Oleic Acid; D013024:Soybean Oil; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Fatty acids; Lipid emulsion; Lipid profile; Oxidative stress; Parenteral nutrition