title: The Effect of Head Massage on the Regulation of the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System: A Pilot Randomized Crossover Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of a single 10-minute session of Chinese head massage on the activity of the cardiac autonomic nervous system via measurement of heart rate variability (HRV).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this pilot randomized crossover trial, each participant received both head massage and the control intervention in a randomized fashion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia between June and November 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten otherwise healthy adults (6 men and 4 women) were enrolled in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intervention comprised 10 minutes of head massage therapy (HMT) in a seated position compared with a control intervention of sitting quietly on the same chair with eyes closed for an equal amount of time (no HMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome measures were the main parameters of HRV, including total power (TP), high frequency (HF), HF as a normalized unit, pre-ejection period, and heart rate (HR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A single short session (10 minutes) of head massage demonstrated an increase in TP continuing up to 20 minutes after massage and reaching statistical significance at 10 minutes after massage (relative change from baseline, 66% for HMT versus -6.6% for no HMT; p = 0.017). The effect on HF also peaked up to 10 minutes after massage (59.4% for HMT versus 4% for no HMT; p = 0.139). Receiving head massage also decreased HR by more than three-fold compared to the control intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows the potential benefits of head massage by modulating the cardiac autonomic nervous system through an increase in the total variability and a shift toward higher parasympathetic nervous system activity. Randomized controlled trials with larger sample size and multiple sessions of massage are needed to substantiate these findings.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .|2 Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
authors.forename: Mir Sohail
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fazeli
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .|2 Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
authors.forename: Mir-Masoud
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pourrahmat
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .|2 Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .|3 Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Sichuan, China .
authors.forename: Mailan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .|2 Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .|2 Child and Family Research Institute , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Collet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage; D010865:Pilot Projects