title: Symbiotic association between Salix purpurea L. and Rhizophagus irregularis: modulation of plant responses under copper stress.
abstract: There are increasing concerns about trace metal levels such as copper (Cu) in industrial sites and the broader environment. Different studies have highlighted the role of mycorrhizal associations in plant tolerance to trace metals, modulating some of the plant metabolic and physiological responses. In this study, we investigated the role of the symbiotic association betweenRhizophagus irregularisandSalix purpureaL. in modulating plant responses under Cu stress. We measured Cu accumulation, oxidative stress-related, photosynthetic-related and hydraulic traits, for non-inoculated (non-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and inoculated saplings exposed to different Cu concentrations. We found thatS. purpureais a suitable option for phytoremediation of Cu, acting as a phytostabilizer of this trace metal in its root system. We observed that the symbiotic association modulates a broad spectrum of metabolic and physiological responses inS. purpureaunder Cu conditions, including (i) a reduction in gas exchange associated with chlorophyll content changes and (ii) the sequestration of Cu into the cell walls, modifying vessels anatomy and impacting leaf specific conductivity (KL) and root hydraulic conductance (LP). UpholdingKLandLPunder Cu stress might be related to a dynamic Aquaporin gene regulation ofPIP1;2along with an up-regulation ofTIP2;2in the roots of inoculatedS. purpurea.
authors.affiliation: Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (IRBV), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2 adriana@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Adriana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Almeida-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de l'environnement, Université du Québec à Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, C.P. 8888, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3P8.
authors.forename: Marcelo P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gómes
authors.affiliation: Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (IRBV), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loubert-Hudon
authors.affiliation: Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (IRBV), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2 Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.affiliation: Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (IRBV), Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2 Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, Canada H1X 2B2.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Labrecque
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017343:Genes, Plant; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D032108:Salix / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003300:Copper
keywords: Aquaporin (AQP); arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; bioremediation; leaf specific conductivity (KL); root hydraulic conductance (LP)