title: The Associations Between Body Cell Mass and Nutritional and Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and in Subjects Without Kidney Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Body cell mass (BCM), a component of lean tissue mass (LTM), is a metabolically active part of the body. Lean tissue loss is one of the diagnostic criteria of protein energy wasting. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a decrease of lean tissue, including BCM, may be replaced by an increase of extracellular water. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) enables the assessment of the amount of BCM, LTM, and fluid overload. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between BCM measured by BIS and anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers of nutrition and also inflammatory markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients treated with hemodialysis (HD; 32 males and 16 females) with a mean age 59.8 ± 15.5 (HD group), 61 patients with CKD Stage 4 to 5 (35 males and 26 females) with a mean age of 60.1 ± 17.7 (predialysis group) and 33 individuals with normal renal function (18 males and 15 women) with a mean age 58.7 ± 17.0 (control group) were included. Body mass index, handgrip strength (HGS), body composition measured by BIS, and biochemical analyses were performed on all of them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive correlations were observed between BCM and LTM, HGS, serum creatinine and insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations in all groups. Serum prealbumin concentration correlated positively with BCM only in the predialysis group (r = 0.406; P = .001). The amount of lymphocytes also correlated passively with BCM in predialysis group (r = 0.314; P = .024). Negative correlations were noted between BCM and fat mass in all groups and between BCM and interleukin 6 concentrations only in the HD group. In this study, BCM neither correlated with body mass index and serum albumin nor with C-reactive protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BCM is strongly associated with biochemical determinants of muscle mass (serum creatinine, insulin-like growth factor 1) and muscle function (HGS) in patients treated with HD, with CKD Stage 4 to 5 and in individuals without kidney disease. Its significance requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: arymarz@wim.mil.pl.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rymarz
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bartoszewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szamotulska
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niemczyk
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000378:metabolism; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C583557:IGF1 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011228:Prealbumin; D012709:Serum Albumin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003404:Creatinine