title: Anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effect of Magnolol in the oxygen-induced retinopathy model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, we investigated the effects of Magnolol on the retinal neovascularization (RNV) and local glial cells in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model and explored their molecular mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neonatal C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 75% O2 ± 5% from postnatal day (P) 7 to P12 and subsequently returned to room air. Mice were injected with 25 mg/kg Magnolol intraperitoneally once a day from P12 to P17, then retinas were harvested and flat-mounted to assess the retinal vessels, astrocytes and microglia. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of Magnolol, we observed the level of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and analyzed the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in OIR mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraperitoneal administration of Magnolol resulted in significant reduction of RNV without retinal toxicity or perturbation of developmental retinal angiogenesis. In addition, Magnolol preserved the astrocyte morphology and diminished the activation of microglia. Moreover, Magnolol down regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines and inactivated the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that Magnolol might have potential for the treatment of pathological retinal angiogenesis and glial dysfunctions via anti-inflammation and inhibition of HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Boyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yongsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. liangxlsums@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D017705:Lignans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000633:toxicity*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D017705:Lignans; C005498:magnolol; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Astrocytes; HIF-1α/VEGF; Inflammation; Magnolol; Microglia; Oxygen-induced retinopathy; Retinal neovascularization