title: Hepatic myofibroblasts derived from Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice are a source of IL-5 and eotaxin: controls of eosinophil populations in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatic myofibroblasts are relevant for pathogenesis of S. mansoni infection. In normal liver, these perisinusoidal cells are quiescent, express the lipocyte phenotype, and are located in the Disse's space, being the major site of vitamin A storage. When activated, they convert to myofibroblasts and contribute to granulomatous and diffuse liver fibrosis. In the present work, we observed that myofibroblasts obtained from granulomatous periovular inflammatory reactions in schistosome-infected mice (GR-MF) produce in vitro immunomodulatory cytokines for eosinophil activation: IL-5 and eotaxin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The secretory activity of GR-MF was detected after TGF-β and IL-13 stimulation using 2D and 3D cell culture systems. In a mixed co-culture system using GR-MF with hematopoietic bone marrow cells from infected mice, we observed eosinophil survival that was dependent upon IL-5 and eotaxin, since antibodies against this cytokines decreased eosinophil population, as measured by eosinophil peroxidase activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that GR-MF may contribute to maintenance of local eosinophilia in schistosomal hepatic granulomas, and can function as immunoregulatory cells, besides their role in production of fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ligia@ioc.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Ligia Almeida
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. camilabrandc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. cbmelo@biof.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Christianne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bandeira-Melo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. pbozza@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia Torres
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Bozza
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. marcia@histo.ufrj.br.
authors.forename: Marcia Cury
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: El-Cheikh
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Inflammation, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. patsilva1910@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia Martins
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine / FASE, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil. rrborojevic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Radovan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borojevic
authors.affiliation: Farmanguinhos, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. sandrarodrigues@far.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Sandra Aurora Chavez
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Perez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054413:Chemokine CCL11 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000254:growth & development*; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C515457:Ccl11 protein, mouse; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D015848:Interleukin-5