title: The Interferon-Induced Mx2 Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication.
abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes one of the most economically important diseases of swine in the world. Current vaccination strategies provide only limited protection against PRRSV infection. Recently, myxovirus resistance 2 (Mx2) has been identified as a novel interferon (IFN)-induced, innate immunity restriction factor that inhibits some viral infections. However, the role of Mx2 in PRRSV infection is not well understood. In this study, we cloned the full-length monkey Mx2 (mMx2) complementary DNA (cDNA) from IFN-β-treated African green monkey Marc-145 cells, and found that overexpression of mMx2 inhibited PRRSV replication in Marc-145 cells. IFN-β induced expression of mMx2 in Marc-145 cells and suppressed PRRSV replication in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of mMx2 impaired the antiviral activity mediated by IFN-β. Confocal imaging and immunoprecipitation assays indicated that mMx2 interacted with PRRSV N protein in virus-infected cells. Furthermore, we showed that GTPase activity of mMx2 is necessary, but that the first N-terminal 51 amino acids are dispensable for antiviral activity. Finally, porcine Mx2 was also found to have the antiviral activity against PRRSV in Marc-145 cells. We conclude that mMx2 protein inhibits PRRSV replication by interaction with the viral N protein.
authors.affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Baochao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China .
authors.forename: Qiaoya
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, China .|2 Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses , Yangzhou, China .
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D060467:Disease Resistance; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D013552:Swine; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D016899:Interferon-beta