title: Intraoperative Evaluation of Reverse Bypass Using a Naturally Formed "Bonnet" Superficial Temporal Artery: Technical Note.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In reverse bypass that used a naturally formed "bonnet" superficial temporal artery, intraoperative volume flow measurement quantifies flow augmentation after revascularization, confirms flow preservation, and identifies inadvertent vessel compromise.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 75-year-old man presented with transient ischemic attacks attributed to right internal carotid artery stenosis. He underwent successful reverse bypass via a naturally formed "bonnet" superficial temporal artery middle cerebral artery bypass. As the result of proper intraoperative volume flow evaluation, a successful reverse bypass was achieved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modification of the intraoperative stroke risk and prediction of the long-term patency after reverse bypass can be achieved by meticulous intraoperative blood flow evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Al-Azhar University Faculty of Medicine-Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Alhusain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagm
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan. Electronic address: tetuyosi@shinshu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tetsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hongo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D013699:Temporal Arteries / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Bonnet bypass; STA-MCA bypass; Transient ischemic attack; Ultrasonic flow probe; White matter hyperintensities