title: A Testis-Specific Chaperone and the Chromatin Remodeler ISWI Mediate Repackaging of the Paternal Genome.
abstract: During spermatogenesis, the paternal genome is repackaged into a non-nucleosomal, highly compacted chromatin structure. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that Drosophila sperm chromatin proteins are characterized by a motif related to the high-mobility group (HMG) box, which we termed male-specific transcript (MST)-HMG box. MST77F is a MST-HMG-box protein that forms an essential component of sperm chromatin. The deposition of MST77F onto the paternal genome requires the chaperone function of tNAP, a testis-specific NAP protein. MST77F, in turn, enables the stable incorporation of MST35Ba and MST35Bb into sperm chromatin. Following MST-HMG-box protein deposition, the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler ISWI mediates the appropriate organization of sperm chromatin. Conversely, at fertilization, maternal ISWI targets the paternal genome and drives its repackaging into de-condensed nucleosomal chromatin. Failure of this transition in ISWI mutant embryos is followed by mitotic defects, aneuploidy, and haploid embryonic divisions. Thus, ISWI enables bi-directional transitions between two fundamentally different forms of chromatin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cécile M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Doyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gillian E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Chalkley
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Voets
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Centre, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bezstarosti
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Centre, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Demmers
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yuri M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Moshkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: c.verrijzer@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: C Peter
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Verrijzer
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D059006:Chromosomes, Insect / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D049750:Genome, Insect; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008938:Mitosis; D011485:Protein Binding; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006657:Histones; C086468:ISWI protein; C503323:Mst77F protein, Drosophila; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases