title: Glyoxalase biochemistry.
abstract: The glyoxalase enzyme system utilizes intracellular thiols such as glutathione to convert α-ketoaldehydes, such as methylglyoxal, into D-hydroxyacids. This overview discusses several main aspects of the glyoxalase system and its likely function in the cell. The control of methylglyoxal levels in the cell is an important biochemical imperative and high levels have been associated with major medical symptoms that relate to this metabolite's capability to covalently modify proteins, lipids and nucleic acid.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Honek
mesh_terms: D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005978:Glutathione / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099301:Hydroxyacylglutathione Hydrolase
chemical_list: D005978:Glutathione; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases; D000099301:Hydroxyacylglutathione Hydrolase