title: Pyrosequencing reveals microbial community profile in anaerobic bio-entrapped membrane reactor for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
abstract: In this study, pharmaceutical wastewater with high salinity and total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) was treated by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) and an anaerobic bio-entrapped membrane reactor (AnBEMR). The microbial populations and communities were analyzed using the 454 pyrosequencing method. The hydraulic retention time (HRT), membrane flux and mean cell residence time (MCRT) were controlled at 30.6h, 6L/m(2)h and 100d, respectively. The results showed that the AnBEMR achieved higher TCOD removal efficiency and greater biogas production compared to the AnMBR. Through DNA pyrosequencing analysis, both the anaerobic MBRs showed similar dominant groups of bacteria and archaea. However, phylum Elusimicrobia of bacteria was only detected in the AnBEMR; the higher abundance of dominant archaeal genus Methanimicrococcus found in the AnBEMR could play an important role in degradation of the major organic pollutant (i.e., trimethylamine) present in the pharmaceutical wastewater.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
authors.forename: Kok Kwang
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
authors.forename: Xueqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
authors.forename: Say Leong
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore. Electronic address: howyongng@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: How Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D056804:Biofuels; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D004345:Drug Industry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D054712:Salinity; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; Entrapped biomass; High salinity; Microbial analysis; Pharmaceutical wastewater