title: The SloR metalloregulator is involved in the Streptococcus mutans oxidative stress response.
abstract: SloR, a 25-kDa metalloregulatory protein in Streptococcus mutans modulates the expression of multiple genes, including the sloABC operon that encodes essential Mn2+transport and genes that promote cariogenesis. In this study, we report on SloC- and SloR-deficient strains of S. mutans (GMS284 and GMS584, respectively) that demonstrate compromised survivorship compared with their UA159 wild-type progenitor and their complemented strains (GMS285 and GMS585, respectively), when challenged with streptonigrin and/or in growth competition experiments. The results of streptonigrin assays revealed significantly larger zones of inhibition for GMS584 than for either UA159 or GMS585, indicating weakened S. mutans survivorship in the absence of SloR. Competition assays revealed a compromised ability for GMS284 and GMS584 to survive peroxide challenge compared with their SloC- and SloR-proficient counterparts. These findings are consistent with a role for SloC and SloR in S. mutans aerotolerance. We also predicted differential expression of oxidative stress tolerance genes in GMS584 versus UA159 and GMS585 when grown aerobically. The results of quantitative RT-PCR experiments revealed S. mutans sod, tpx, and sloC expression that was upregulated in GMS584 compared with UA159 and GMS585, indicating that the impact of oxidative stress on S. mutans is more severe in the absence of SloR than in its presence. The results of electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicate that SloR does not bind to the sod or tpx promoter regions directly, implicating intermediaries that may arbitrate the SloR response to oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Crepps
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Von Hasseln
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA. spatafor@middlebury.edu.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Spatafora
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008670:Metals; D009154:Mutation; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D013308:Streptonigrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D008670:Metals; D013308:Streptonigrin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1
keywords: SloR; dental caries; oxidative stress; streptococci