title: Drug-eluting stents to prevent stent thrombosis and restenosis.
abstract: Although first-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) have significantly reduced the risk of in-stent restenosis, they have also increased the long-term risk of stent thrombosis. This safety concern directly triggered the development of new generation DES, with innovations in stent platforms, polymers, and anti-proliferative drugs. Stent platform materials have evolved from stainless steel to cobalt or platinum-chromium alloys with an improved strut design. Drug-carrying polymers have become biocompatible or biodegradable and even polymer-free DES were introduced. New limus-family drugs (such as everolimus, zotarolimus or biolimus) were adopted to enhance stent performances. As a result, these new DES demonstrated superior vascular healing responses on intracoronary imaging studies and lower stent thrombotic events in actual patients. Recently, fully-bioresorbable stents (scaffolds) have been introduced, and expanding their applications. In this article, the important concepts and clinical results of new generation DES and bioresorbable scaffolds are described.
authors.affiliation: a Yongin Severance Hospital , Yonsei University Health System , Yongin , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eui
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: b Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital , Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Republic of Korea.|c Cardiovascular Research Institute , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.|d Severance Biomedical Science Institute , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myeong-Ki
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D062069:Inventions; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011108:Polymers; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: drug-eluting stent; stent restenosis; stent thrombosis