title: Transumbilical thoracic sympathectomy: a single-centre experience of 148 cases with up to 4 years of follow-up†.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thoracic sympathectomy is considered as the most effective method to treat palmar hyperhidrosis (PH). Here, we report our experience of transumbilical thoracic sympathectomy with an ultrathin flexible endoscope for PH in a series of 148 patients with up to 4 years of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective database was used in this retrospective analysis of 148 patients (61 males, 87 females, with a mean age of 21.3 years) with PH who were operated on by the same surgeon in a single institution from April 2010 to March 2014. All procedures were performed under general anaesthesia involving intubation with a double-lumen endotracheal tube. Demographic, postoperative and long-term data of patients were recorded and statistical analyses were performed. All patients were followed up at least 6 months post procedure through clinic visits or telephone/e-mail interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The procedure was performed successfully in 148 of the 150 patients. Two patients had to be converted to conventional thoracoscopic procedure because of severe pleural adhesions. The mean operating time was 43 min (ranging from 39 to 107 min) and the mean postoperative length of stay was 1 day (range 1-4 days). All patients were interviewed 6-48 months after surgery and no diaphragmatic hernia or syndrome was observed. The rate of resolution of PH and axillary hyperhidrosis was 98 and 74.6%, respectively. Compensatory sweating was reported in 22.3% of patients. Almost all of the patients were satisfied with the surgical results and the cosmetic outcome of the incision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary human experience suggested that transumbilical thoracic sympathectomy was a safe and efficacious alternative to the conventional approach. This technique avoided the chronic pain and chest wall paraesthesia that are associated with the chest incision. In addition, this novel procedure afforded maximum cosmetic benefits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Military General Hospital, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Li-Huan
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Weisheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shengsheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Military General Hospital, Shandong, China luzhaotong.jn@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhao-Tong
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006945:Hyperhidrosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013562:Sympathectomy / Q000379:methods*; D013900:Thoracic Nerves / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Endoscopic; Hyperhidrosis; Thoracic sympathectomy; Transumbilical