title: High-Level Primary Clarithromycin Resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Algiers, Algeria: A Prospective Multicenter Molecular Study.
abstract: Knowledge of local antibiotic resistance is crucial to adaptation for the choice of the optimal first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Clarithromycin is a key component of the standard triple therapy largely used worldwide and, more particularly, in Algeria. Clarithromycin resistance is the main risk factor for treatment failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time in Algeria, the prevalence of the primary resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin. We conducted a prospective study (2008-2014) that included 195 Algerian patients referred for gastroduodenal endoscopy to two University Hospitals, one General Hospital, and several private gastroenterologists in Algiers (Algeria). One gastric biopsy was collected for the molecular detection of H. pylori and the mutations in 23S rRNA genes that confer resistance to clarithromycin with a quadruplex real-time PCR using Scorpion primers. The Scorpion PCR detected H. pylori DNA in 91 biopsies (47%). A mutation conferring resistance to clarithromycin was detected in 32 of the 91 positive patients (35%) and in 29 of the 88 positive patients never previously treated for an H. pylori infection (33%). The prevalence of primary resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin was 33% in the Algerian population being studied. The high level of primary clarithromycin resistance in the H. pylori strains infecting the Algerian population that we report leads us to recommend the abandonment of the standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy as a first-line treatment in Algeria.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale, CHU Mustapha Bacha , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Fazia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Djennane-Hadibi
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale, CHU Mustapha Bacha , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachtarzi
authors.affiliation: 2 Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Mustapha Bacha , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Layaida
authors.affiliation: 3 Service de Médecine Interne, EPH Bologhine , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Nassima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ali Arous
authors.affiliation: 4 Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Bab El Oued , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Mhamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakmouche
authors.affiliation: 2 Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Mustapha Bacha , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Berkane
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saadi
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale, CHU Mustapha Bacha , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tazir
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale, CHU Mustapha Bacha , Algiers, Algeria .
authors.forename: Nadjia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ramdani-Bouguessa
authors.affiliation: 5 EA 4331 LITEC, Université de Poitiers , CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Poitiers, France .
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burucoa
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001706:Biopsy; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / Q000235:genetics; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; D017291:Clarithromycin