title: Effects of environmental fluctuations on fish metabolism: Atlantic salmon Salmo salar as a case study.
abstract: Using Atlantic salmon Salmo salar parr as study species, recent findings are summarized on how (1) diurnal variations in water temperature affects standard metabolic rate, (2) shelter may reduce routine metabolic rate and (3) fluctuations of water speed affect the costs of activity. The results suggest that the accuracy of bioenergetics models can be hampered if the effects of environmental fluctuations are omitted. Incorporating environmental fluctuations into estimates and models of fish metabolism will not only improve the accuracy of energy budget calculations, but also have crucial management implications for conservation and improve the capacity to predict effects of climate change.
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Enders
authors.affiliation: Université de Montréal, Département de sciences biologiques, C. P. 6128, Succursale "Centre-ville", Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boisclair
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057231:Climate Change; D017753:Ecosystem; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D012474:Salmon / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014872:Water Movements
keywords: RMR; SMR; activity costs; respirometry; temperature; turbulence