title: Cell Labeling and Targeting with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.
abstract: Targeted delivery of cells and therapeutic agents would benefit a wide range of biomedical applications by concentrating the therapeutic effect at the target site while minimizing deleterious effects to off-target sites. Magnetic cell targeting is an efficient, safe, and straightforward delivery technique. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are biodegradable, biocompatible, and can be endocytosed into cells to render them responsive to magnetic fields. The synthesis process involves creating magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles followed by high-speed emulsification to form a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) coating. The PLGA-magnetite SPIONs are approximately 120 nm in diameter including the approximately 10 nm diameter magnetite core. When placed in culture medium, SPIONs are naturally endocytosed by cells and stored as small clusters within cytoplasmic endosomes. These particles impart sufficient magnetic mass to the cells to allow for targeting within magnetic fields. Numerous cell sorting and targeting applications are enabled by rendering various cell types responsive to magnetic fields. SPIONs have a variety of other biomedical applications as well including use as a medical imaging contrast agent, targeted drug or gene delivery, diagnostic assays, and generation of local hyperthermia for tumor therapy or tissue soldering.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic.
authors.forename: Brandon J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Tefft
authors.affiliation: Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic.
authors.forename: Susheil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uthamaraj
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University.
authors.forename: J Jonathan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Harburn
authors.affiliation: Regional Center for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klabusay
authors.affiliation: Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic; dragomirdaescu.dan@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dragomir-Daescu
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic.
authors.forename: Gurpreet S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Sandhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid