title: Enhancement of Palmarumycin C12 and C13 Production by the Endophytic Fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 in an Aqueous-Organic Solvent System.
abstract: The endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12, isolated from Dioscorea zingiberensis, was found to produce palmarumycins C12 and C13 which possess a great variety of biological activities. Seven biocompatible water-immiscible organic solvents including n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, 1-hexadecene, liquid paraffin, dibutyl phthalate, butyl oleate and oleic acid were evaluated to improve palmarumycins C12 and C13 production in suspension culture of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. Among the chosen solvents both butyl oleate and liquid paraffin were the most effective to improve palmarumycins C12 and C13 production. The addition of dibutyl phthalate, butyl oleate and oleic acid to the cultures of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 significantly enhanced palmarumycin C12 production by adsorbing palmarumycin C12 into the organic phase. When butyl oleate was fed at 5% (v/v) in medium at the beginning of fermentation (day 0), the highest palmarumycin C12 yield (191.6 mg/L) was achieved, about a 34.87-fold increase in comparison with the control (5.3 mg/L). n-Dodecane, 1-hexadecene and liquid paraffin had a great influence on the production of palmarumycin C13. When liquid paraffin was added at 10% (v/v) in medium on day 3 of fermentation, the palmarumycin C13 yield reached a maximum value (134.1 mg/L), which was 4.35-fold that of the control (30.8 mg/L). Application of the aqueous-organic solvent system should be a simple and efficient process strategy for enhancing palmarumycin C12 and C13 production in liquid cultures of the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. muyan01987@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. cauxudan@163.com.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. maoziling2011@163.com.
authors.forename: Ziling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. 18874783364@163.com.
authors.forename: Xuejiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. fengkelin.123321aa@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Fengke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. wangali526@163.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. dwlai@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Daowan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agronomy and Biotechnology, Beijing 100193, China. lgzhou@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ligang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China. xiebingyan@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Bingyan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D060026:Endophytes; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009281:Naphthalenes; D012997:Solvents; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C462860:palmarumycin C12; C573593:palmarumycin C13
keywords: Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12; Dioscorea zingiberensis; aqueous-organic solvent system; butyl oleate; endophytic fungus; liquid paraffin; palmarumycin C12; palmarumycin C13; production