title: Event mean concentration and first flush effect from different drainage systems and functional areas during storms.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the event mean concentration (EMC) and first flush effect (FFE) during typical rainfall events in outfalls from different drainage systems and functional areas. Stormwater outfall quality data were collected from five outfalls throughout Fuzhou City (China) during 2011-2012. Samples were analyzed for water quality parameters, such as COD, NH3-N, TP, and SS. Analysis of values indicated that the order of the event mean concentrations (EMCs) in outfalls was intercepting combined system > direct emission combined system > separated system. Most of the rainfall events showed the FFE in all outfalls. The order of strength of the FFE was residential area of direct emission combined system > commercial area of separated system > residential area of intercepting combined system > office area of separated system > residential area of separated system. Results will serve as guide in managing water quality to reduce pollution from drainage systems.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Qin
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Wu
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Fuzhou Planning Design Research Institute, 188 Hudong Road, Fuzhou, 350003, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. lumingma@tongji.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lu-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D011891:Rain; D014872:Water Movements; D060753:Water Quality
keywords: Drainage system; Event mean concentration; First flush; Stormwater runoff