title: Magnesium Sulfate Plus Lidocaine Reduces Propofol Injection Pain: A Double-blind, Randomized Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Propofol injection can cause distressing pain, and no method can inhibit it completely. Neither lidocaine nor magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) was sufficient to prevent pain from the injection of propofol. This prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to investigate the efficacy of the MgSO4 plus lidocaine on suppressing propofol injection pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred women received 300 mg MgSO4 (Group M), 40 mg lidocaine (Group L), or 300 mg MgSO4 plus 40 mg lidocaine (Group M+L). This was followed by administration of 50 mg propofol. Pain scores, behavior-related responses, and diameter of the vein were recorded following the injection of propofol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in Group M + L had lower pain scores. Patients' behavior-related responses in Group M + L were also better compared with the other groups. There were no differences in pain scores between Group L and Group M. The target vein diameter change in Group M and Group M + L was more obvious than in Group L.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of 300 mg MgSO4 plus 40 mg lidocaine reduces propofol injection pain very well. No complications were observed in the treatment groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiehao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Riyong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wendong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiahao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Electronic address: 16387706@qq.com.
authors.forename: Weijan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009929:Organ Size; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014680:Veins / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D008012:Lidocaine; D015742:Propofol
keywords: injection pain; magnesium sulfate; propofol