title: Meningococcal Seroepidemiology 1 Year After the PsA-TT Mass Immunization Campaign in Burkina Faso.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A group A meningococcal (MenA) conjugate vaccine, PsA-TT (MenAfriVac), was introduced in Burkina Faso via mass campaigns between September and December 2010, targeting the 1- to 29-year-old population. This study describes specific antibody titers in the general population 11 months later and compares them to preintroduction data obtained during 2008 using the same protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  During October-November 2011, we recruited a representative sample of the population of urban Bobo-Dioulasso aged 6 months to 29 years, who underwent standardized interviews and blood draws. We assessed anti-MenA immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations (n = 200) and, using rabbit complement, serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) titers against 2 group A strains: reference strain F8238 (SBAref) (n = 562) and strain 3125 (SBA3125) (n = 200).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 562 participants, 481 (86%) were aged ≥23 months and had been eligible for the PsA-TT campaign. Among them, vaccine coverage was 86.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.7%-89.9%). Prevalence of putatively protective antibodies among vaccine-eligible age groups was 97.3% (95% CI, 95.9%-98.7%) for SBAref titers ≥128, 83.6% (95% CI, 77.6%-89.7%) for SBA3125 ≥128, and 84.2% (95% CI, 78.7%-89.7%) for anti-MenA IgG ≥2 µg/mL. Compared to the population aged 23 months to 29 years during 2008, geometric mean titers of SBAref were 7.59-fold higher during 2011, 51.88-fold for SBA3125, and 10.56-fold for IgG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows high seroprevalence against group A meningococci in Burkina Faso following MenAfriVac introduction. Follow-up surveys will provide evidence on the persistence of population-level immunity and the optimal vaccination strategy for long-term control of MenA meningitis in the African meningitis belt.
authors.affiliation: Agence de Médecine Préventive, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Haoua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tall
authors.affiliation: Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Seydou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yaro
authors.affiliation: Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Hervé B N
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kpoda
authors.affiliation: Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Soumeya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ouangraoua
authors.affiliation: Disease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge.
authors.forename: Caroline L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Trotter
authors.affiliation: Agence de Médecine Préventive, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Berthe-Marie
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Njanpop Lafourcade
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Public Health England, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Findlow
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Public Health England, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Xilian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Agence de Médecine Préventive, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique French School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
authors.forename: Ikenna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nwakamma
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche en Science et Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Jean Bosco
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ouedraogo
authors.affiliation: Agence de Médecine Préventive, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bradford D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Gessner
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Public Health England, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borrow
authors.affiliation: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique French School of Public Health, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Judith E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D002050:Burkina Faso; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D008585:Meningitis, Meningococcal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D038381:Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup A / Q000276:immunology*; D011817:Rabbits; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C573970:MenAfriVac; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines; D003165:Complement System Proteins
keywords: Neisseria meningitidis; conjugate; group A; seroepidemiologic studies; sub-Saharan Africa