title: Optical coherence tomography-guided laser microsurgery for blood coagulation with continuous-wave laser diode.
abstract: Blood coagulation is the clotting and subsequent dissolution of the clot following repair to the damaged tissue. However, inducing blood coagulation is difficult for some patients with homeostasis dysfunction or during surgery. In this study, we proposed a method to develop an integrated system that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser microsurgery for blood coagulation. Also, an algorithm for positioning of the treatment location from OCT images was developed. With OCT scanning, 2D/3D OCT images and angiography of tissue can be obtained simultaneously, enabling to noninvasively reconstruct the morphological and microvascular structures for real-time monitoring of changes in biological tissues during laser microsurgery. Instead of high-cost pulsed lasers, continuous-wave laser diodes (CW-LDs) with the central wavelengths of 450 nm and 532 nm are used for blood coagulation, corresponding to higher absorption coefficients of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. Experimental results showed that the location of laser exposure can be accurately controlled with the proposed approach of imaging-based feedback positioning. Moreover, blood coagulation can be efficiently induced by CW-LDs and the coagulation process can be monitored in real-time with OCT. This technology enables to potentially provide accurate positioning for laser microsurgery and control the laser exposure to avoid extra damage by real-time OCT imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan Dist., Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Feng-Yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan Dist., Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.|Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Tsan
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan Dist., Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Zu-Yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan Dist., Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Kai
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan Dist., Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing St., Kwei-Shan Dist., Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photonic System, College of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 301, Gaofa 3rd Rd., Guiren Dist., Tainan 71150, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Che
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chou Rd., Taipei 116, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D007834:Lasers; D051379:Mice; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D011859:Radiography; D012867:Skin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; C100003:deoxyhemoglobin