title: Novel insights into the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by platelet-cancer cell cross-talk.
abstract: Platelets are activated by the interaction with cancer cells and release enhanced levels of lipid mediators [such as thromboxane (TX)A2 and prostaglandin (PG)E2, generated from arachidonic acid (AA) by the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1], granule content, including ADP and growth factors, chemokines, proteases and Wnt proteins. Moreover, activated platelets shed different vesicles, such as microparticles (MPs) and exosomes (rich in genetic material such as mRNAs and miRNAs). These platelet-derived products induce several phenotypic changes in cancer cells which confer high metastatic capacity. A central event involves an aberrant expression of COX-2 which influences cell-cycle progression and contribute to the acquisition of a cell migratory phenotype through the induction of epithelial mesenchymal transition genes and down-regulation of E-cadherin expression. The identification of novel molecular determinants involved in the cross-talk between platelets and cancer cells has led to identify novel targets for anti-cancer drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University", Chieti, Italy Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dovizio
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University", Chieti, Italy Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University", Chieti, Italy Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University", Chieti, Italy Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guillem-Llobat
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University", Chieti, Italy Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schiavone
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steinhilber
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Section of Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio University", Chieti, Italy Center of Excellence on Aging (CeSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy ppatrignani@unich.it.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patrignani
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002450:Cell Communication; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015539:Platelet Activation
chemical_list: D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human
keywords: colon cancer cells; cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1); cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2); epithelial mesenchymal transition; metastasis; platelets