title: Oral Surgical Procedures Performed Safely in Patients With Head and Neck Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Case Series of 12 Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This case series describes patients with head and neck arteriovenous malformations who underwent oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures combined with interventional radiology techniques to minimize blood loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients underwent femoral cerebral angiography to visualize the extent of vascular malformation. Before the surgical procedures, surgical sites were devascularized by direct injection of hemostatic or embolic agents. Direct puncture sclerotherapy at the base of surgical sites was performed using Surgiflo or n-butylcyanoacrylate glue. Surgical procedures were carried out in routine fashion. A hemostatic packing of FloSeal, Gelfoam, and Avitene was adapted to the surgical sites.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Direct puncture sclerotherapy with Surgiflo or n-butylcyanoacrylate glue resulted in minimal blood loss intraoperatively. Local application of the FloSeal, Gelfoam, and Avitene packing sustained hemostasis and produced excellent healing postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with arteriovenous malformations can safely undergo routine oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures with minimal blood loss when appropriate endovascular techniques and local hemostatic measures are used by the interventional radiologist and oral and maxillofacial surgeon.
authors.affiliation: Senior Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mount Sinai St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY. Electronic address: abdulbkarim@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Abdul Basit
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.affiliation: Former Chief Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mount Sinai St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindsey
authors.affiliation: Program Director, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mount Sinai St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bovino
authors.affiliation: Site Chair, Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Mount Sinai St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berenstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000601:surgery*; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004998:Ethiodized Oil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D061214:Patient Safety; D011677:Punctures / Q000379:methods; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C411004:FloSeal Matrix; D006490:Hemostatics; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D004998:Ethiodized Oil; D003094:Collagen; D004659:Enbucrilate