title: Crossover clinical trial of different methods of removing a denture adhesive and the influence on the oral microbiota.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The difficulty of removing denture adhesive is a common problem reported by users of these products.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this clinical study was to investigate the effectiveness of different cleaning protocols for removing a denture adhesive (DA) and the influence on the oral microbiota.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty participants wearing well-fitting complete dentures were instructed to use a denture adhesive 3 times a day during a 4-week trial, divided into 4 stages: (A) control-3 daily denture brushings using water at ambient temperature, (B)-3 daily denture brushings using water at ambient temperature plus coconut soap, (C)-3 daily denture brushings using water at ambient temperature plus dentifrice; (D)-3 daily denture brushings using water at ambient temperature combined with immersion in sodium perborate solution for 5 minutes before nocturnal sleep. After each 1-week stage, saliva specimens were collected. A dye was used to display and quantify the remaining DA on the internal surface of the maxillary dentures as a percentage. For microbiological analysis, the saliva was diluted and plated onto Petri dishes containing a nonselective culture medium and Candida spp culture media. After the incubation period, Candida species were identified and the number of colony forming units (CFU/mL) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference was found among the 4 cleaning methods for the quantification of remaining DA (Friedman, P=.036). Brushing the dentures with coconut soap, dentifrice, or water combined with immersion in sodium perborate solution was more effective in removing DA than brushing with only water. The cleaning methods did not influence the quantification of microorganisms in general or Candida albicans and other Candida species in particular.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brushing the dentures with coconut soap, dentifrice, or water combined with immersion in sodium perborate solution was more effective for removing cream-type denture adhesive than brushing with only water.
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Élen Massaro
authors.initials: ÉM
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP). Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vivian Barnabé
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Policastro
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila Mattos
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Scavassin
authors.affiliation: Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andressa Rosa Perin
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danny Omar
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Mendoza Marin
authors.affiliation: Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giro
authors.affiliation: Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Norberto Martins
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Júnior
authors.affiliation: Full Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Compagnoni
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: anacarolpero@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pero
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003738:Dental Cements; D003820:Denture Cleansers; D006801:Humans; D064307:Microbiota; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D012915:Soaps; D013499:Surface Properties; D014099:Toothbrushing
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D003738:Dental Cements; D003820:Denture Cleansers; D012915:Soaps