title: Atmospheric metallic and arsenic pollution at an offshore drilling platform in the Bo Sea: A health risk assessment for the workers.
abstract: To investigate the ambient metal pollution at the offshore drilling platform in the Bo Sea, which few studies have focused on, PM2.5 samples were collected and ten heavy metals, as well as As, were analyzed. High concentration levels of metals were observed, and the heavy metal pollution was quite serious compared to air quality standards and other marine areas. Back trajectories and wind dependent and PCA analyses showed that the marine sources included ship traffic emissions and corrosive stainless steels from the equipment at the platform as well as industrial emissions from stainless steel production and coal combustion sources, which were transported from the surrounding mainland. Both contributed greatly to the ambient metallic particles at the offshore platform. The Hazard Index values of the metals, which were much less than 1, the Carcinogenic Risk data, which were lower than the EPA's acceptable range, and the fact that the metal concentrations did not the exceed the permissible exposure limits of OSHA, indicated that the health risks from the ambient metallic particles for the oil-drilling workers were not significant.
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Joint Laboratory of Urban and Ambient Air Environment Study, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China.
authors.forename: Suqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Joint Laboratory of Urban and Ambient Air Environment Study, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: bixh@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Joint Laboratory of Urban and Ambient Air Environment Study, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Zhijing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Joint Laboratory of Urban and Ambient Air Environment Study, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Joint Laboratory of Urban and Ambient Air Environment Study, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: zhafox@126.com.
authors.forename: Yufen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Joint Laboratory of Urban and Ambient Air Environment Study, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Yinchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D000066388:Oil and Gas Industry; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Health risk assessment; Heavy metal; Offshore platform; Source apportionment