title: U.S. Immunization program adult immunization activities and resources.
abstract: Adults are recommended to receive vaccines based on their age, medical conditions, prior vaccinations, occupation and lifestyle. However, adult immunization coverage is low in the United States and lags substantially below Healthy People 2020 goals. To assess activities and resources designated for adult immunization programs by state and local health department immunization programs in the United States, we analyzed 2012 and 2013 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Program Annual Reports and Progress Assessments (PAPA) survey of CDC-funded immunization programs. Fifty-six of 64 funded US immunization programs' responses were included in the analysis. Eighty-two percent of (n = 46) programs reported having a designated adult immunization coordinator in 2012 and 73% (n = 41) in 2013. Of the 46 coordinators reported in 2012, 30% (n = 14) spent more than 50% of their time on adult immunization activities, and only 24% (n = 10) of the 41 adult coordinators in 2013 spent more than 50% of their time on adult immunization activities. In 2012, 23% (n = 13) of the 56 programs had a separate immunization coalition for adults and 68% (n = 38) included adult issues in their overall immunization program coalition. In 2013, 25% (n = 14) had a separate adult immunization coalition while 57% (n = 32) incorporated adult immunizations into their overall immunization program coalition. The results indicate substantial variation across the US in public health infrastructure to support adult immunizations. Continued assessment of adult immunization resources and activities will be important in improving adult immunization coverage levels though program support. With many programs having limited resources dedicated to improving adult immunization rates in the in US, efforts by the health departments to collaborate with providers and other partners in their jurisdictions to increase awareness, increase the use of proven strategies to improve vaccination of adults, and implement the Standards for Adult Immunization Practice may lead to improved adult immunization coverage and fewer illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths from vaccine preventable diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Carter Consulting, Inc. , Atlanta , GA , USA.
authors.forename: LaDora O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.affiliation: b Immunization Services Division (ISD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Atlanta , GA , USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.affiliation: c ISD, NCIRD, CDC , Atlanta , GA , USA.
authors.forename: Samuel B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Graitcer
authors.affiliation: c ISD, NCIRD, CDC , Atlanta , GA , USA.
authors.forename: Brock
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamont
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D005260:Female; D006295:Health Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D008297:Male; D015980:Public Health Practice; D014481:United States; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: adult; immunization; vaccines