title: Phenolic Extract from Moringa oleifera Leaves Inhibits Key Enzymes Linked to Erectile Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rats' Penile Tissues.
abstract: This study was designed to determine the antioxidant properties and inhibitory effects of extract from Moringa oleifera leaves on angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) and arginase activities in vitro. The extract was prepared and phenolic (total phenols and flavonoid) contents, radical (nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl (OH)) scavenging abilities, and Fe(2+)-chelating ability were assessed. Characterization of the phenolic constituents was done via high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the extract on Fe(2+)-induced MDA production in rats' penile tissue homogenate as well as its action on ACE and arginase activities were also determined. The extract scavenged NO (∗) , OH (∗) , chelated Fe(2+), and inhibited MDA production in a dose-dependent pattern with IC50 values of 1.36, 0.52, and 0.38 mg/mL and 194.23 µg/mL, respectively. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol were the most abundant phenolic compounds identified in the leaf extract. The extract also inhibited ACE and arginase activities in a dose-dependent pattern and their IC50 values were 303.03 and 159.59 µg/mL, respectively. The phenolic contents, inhibition of ACE, arginase, and Fe(2+)-induced MDA production, and radical (OH (∗) , NO (∗) ) scavenging and Fe(2+)-chelating abilities could be some of the possible mechanisms by which M. oleifera leaves could be used in the treatment and/or management of erectile dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ganiyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oboh
authors.affiliation: Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adedayo O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Ademiluyi
authors.affiliation: Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ayokunle O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Ademosun
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, PMB 21023, Lagos 10001, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Tosin A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Olasehinde
authors.affiliation: Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Sunday I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Oyeleye
authors.affiliation: Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Building 26, Room 1115, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boligon
authors.affiliation: Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Building 26, Room 1115, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margareth L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Athayde