title: Fractional radiofrequency combined with sonophoresis to facilitate skin penetration of 5-aminolevulinic acid.
abstract: Ablative fractional technology has been used to improve transdermal drug delivery. However, there have been few previous in vivo investigations of the relative potency and methodology of fractional radiofrequency (RF) combined with sonophoresis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fractional RF combined with sonophoresis on 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) penetration of the skin. Three male domestic swine were used. The skin of the pigs was exposed to fractional RF and/or sonophoresis, followed by topical ALA application. Fluorescence intensity (FI) of porphyrin fluorescence was measured. In both the epidermis and the dermis, FI increased after fractional RF and increased additionally with the addition of sonophoresis. Fractional RF with sonophoresis effectively enhanced ALA skin penetration. Pre-fractional RF followed by posttreatment with sonophoresis can be used for ALA-photodynamic therapy to achieve higher ALA uptake.
authors.affiliation: ZELL Dermatology & Cosmetic Laser Center, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoeki-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Heon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoeki-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Myong Il
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Arumdaun Nara Dermatologic Clinic, Kangnam Ku, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoeki-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Nack-In
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoeki-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-702, Korea. haddal@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Min Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D020405:Dermis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry; D011846:Radio Waves; D013552:Swine; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid
keywords: 5-Aminolevulinic acid; Drug delivery; Fractional radiofrequency; Photodynamic therapy; Skin penetration; Sonophoresis