title: Use of the sleep clinical record in the follow-up of children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to evaluate the utility of the sleep clinical record (SCR) in the follow-up of children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  SCR was completed and overnight polysomnography (PSG) was performed in all enrolled children (T0), with SCR considered positive for scores ≥6.5, as previously validated. Patients underwent adenotonsillectomy (T&A), rapid maxillary expansion (RME), and medical therapy according to severity of OSA and clinical features. Six months after completing therapy, the second overnight PSG and SCR (T1) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all subjects, both Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and total SCR score decreased significantly (<0.005) from T0 to T1. For SCR items, clinical examination (item 1) and reported sleep respiratory symptoms (item 2) ameliorated significantly (<0.005). However, hyperactivity or inattention (item 3) decreased significantly (<0.005) after treatment only in T&A group, while no differences in AHI and SCR scores occurred in the medically treated group. At T1, SCR was positive in 95.6 % of children with AHI ≥1, with a concordance of 100 % in the T&A and RME groups, resulting in a positive predictive value of 100 %. A poor concordance (38.3 % in T&A group and 53.4 % in RME group) was found when SCR < 6.5. Children with SCR ≥ 6.5 at T1 showed higher AHI compared to patients with SCR < 6.5 (5.7 ± 5.9 ev/h vs 1.78 ± 1.76 ev/h; p < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCR emerges as a potentially useful instrument for follow-up of children with OSA after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs Department, Pediatric Sleep Disease Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. mariapia.villa@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sujanska
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs Department, Pediatric Sleep Disease Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ottavio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vitelli
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs Department, Pediatric Sleep Disease Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Evangelisti
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs Department, Pediatric Sleep Disease Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Jole
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rabasco
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs Department, Pediatric Sleep Disease Centre, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pietropaoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Banovcin
authors.affiliation: Section of Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children's Hospital, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, 5721 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kheirandish-Gozal
authors.affiliation: Section of Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children's Hospital, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, 5721 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gozal
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D057286:Electronic Health Records; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D014068:Tonsillectomy
keywords: Children; Follow-up; Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); Residual OSA; Sleep clinical record; Treatment