title: Efficacy of a Single Dose of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor: Clinical Observation for 1 Year.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes wound healing by accelerating healthy granulation and epithelialization. However, the duration of the effects of a single intracordal injection of basic fibroblast growth factor has not been established, and administration intervals and timing have yet to be standardized. Here, we administered a single injection to patients with insufficient glottic closure and conducted follow-up examinations with high-speed digital imaging to determine the duration of the treatment response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  For treatment, 20 µg/mL recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor was injected into two vocal cords. The following examinations were performed before the procedure and at 3-month intervals for 12 months starting at 1 month postinjection: Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain (GRBAS) scale assessment, maximum phonation time, acoustic analysis, high-speed digital imaging, glottal wave analysis, and kymographic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postinjection, the GRBAS scale score decreased, and the maximum phonation time was prolonged. In addition, the mean minimum glottal area and mean minimum glottal distance decreased. These changes were significant at 12 months postinjection compared with preinjection. However, there were no significant changes in the vibrations of the vocal cord margins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intracordal injection of basic fibroblast growth factor improved insufficient glottic closure without reducing the vibrations of the vocal cord margins. This effect remained evident at 12 months postinjection. A single injection can be expected to yield a sufficient and persistent long-term effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.. Electronic address: hirotaka.0624@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furusaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshima
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007734:Kymography; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation / Q000187:drug effects*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014732:Vibration; D014741:Video Recording; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014833:Voice Quality / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2
keywords: Basic fibroblast growth factor; Glottal insufficiency; High-speed digital imaging; Long-term effect; Vocal cord injection