title: Interleukin-1β plasma levels are associated with depression in temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: Inflammatory mediators such as cytokines are likely to contribute to the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Proinflammatory cytokines are also associated with mood disorders, such as major depression. As people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are at an increased risk of mood disorders, we attempted to evaluate peripheral levels of IL-1β in people with TLE with depression and people with TLE without depression and in healthy controls. In a cross-sectional study, we compared three groups: 21 people with TLE without depression (TLE D-), 18 people with TLE with depression (TLE D+), and 31 controls without depression. A structured clinical interview (MINI-Plus) was used to diagnose current depression, and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was used to quantify depressive symptoms. Plasma levels of IL-1β were significantly higher in people with TLE with depression than in controls (p=0.004) or people with TLE without depression (p=0.006). Interleukin-1beta levels positively correlated with HAM-D scores (Spearman's rho=0.381, p=0.017) in people with TLE. Higher levels of IL-1β in TLE seem to be associated with depression.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Division, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: ericalmvieira@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Érica L M
authors.initials: ÉL
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Treatment Advanced Centre (NATE), Felício Rocho Hospital, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Medicine School, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme N M
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Division, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Marcelo K
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lessa
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Division, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Epilepsy Treatment Advanced Centre (NATE), Felício Rocho Hospital, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands; NIHR University College London Hospitals, Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter SL9 0RJ, UK.
authors.forename: Josemir W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cendes
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Division, Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: altexr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Depression; Epilepsy; Interleukin-1beta; Temporal lobe epilepsy