title: Steroid hormones, prostanoids, and angiogenic systems during rescue of the corpus luteum in pigs.
abstract: In order to characterize the transition of the corpora lutea (CL) from acquisition of luteolytic sensitivity to rescue of luteal function: i) the expression of 38 factors associated with steroids, prostanoids, and angiogenic systems and ii) concentrations of the main hormones responsible for maintenance of CL function in cyclic and pregnant pigs were examined. Additionally, the effect of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and F2 α on luteal function during the estrous cycle and pregnancy was evaluated in vitro. Significantly up-regulated gene expression was revealed in CL collected on day 14 of the estrous cycle (CYP19A1, ESR2, PTGS2, HIF1A, and EDN1) and on days 12-14 of pregnancy (SCARB1, PGRMC1, STAR, HSD3B1, NR5A1, PTGFR, PTGER4, and VEGFA). Elevated concentrations of estradiol-17β and PGE2 occurred in CL on days 12 and 14 of pregnancy respectively, while an increased intraluteal PGF2 α content was noted on day 14 of the estrous cycle. Both PGs increased the synthesis of progesterone by cultured luteal slices obtained on day 14 of pregnancy, in contrast to the action of PGF2 α on the corresponding day of the estrous cycle. PGE2 stimulated cAMP production via PTGER2 and PTGER4, while PGF2 α elevated the content of CREB in cultured luteal slices from CL of pregnant pigs. In silico analysis showed that infiltration of lymphocytes and apoptosis of microvascular endothelium were activated in CL on day 12 of the estrous cycle vs pregnancy. Summarizing, an abundance of E2 and PGE2 during pregnancy regulates specific pathways responsible for steroidogenesis, the prostanoid signaling system and angiogenesis during rescue from luteolysis in porcine CL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms and Molecular Biology LaboratoryInstitute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IARFR PAS), Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Przygrodzka
authors.affiliation: Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms and Molecular Biology LaboratoryInstitute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IARFR PAS), Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland a.ziecik@pan.olsztyn.pl m.kaczmarek@pan.olsztyn.pl.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms and Molecular Biology LaboratoryInstitute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IARFR PAS), Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaczynski
authors.affiliation: Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms and Molecular Biology LaboratoryInstitute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IARFR PAS), Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland a.ziecik@pan.olsztyn.pl m.kaczmarek@pan.olsztyn.pl.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ziecik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D003341:Luteolysis / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000097:blood*; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011453:Prostaglandins; D015237:Dinoprost; D015232:Dinoprostone