title: History and genomic sequence analysis of the herpes simplex virus 1 KOS and KOS1.1 sub-strains.
abstract: A collection of genomic DNA sequences of herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains has been defined and analyzed, and some information is available about genomic stability upon limited passage of viruses in culture. The nature of genomic change upon extensive laboratory passage remains to be determined. In this report we review the history of the HSV-1 KOS laboratory strain and the related KOS1.1 laboratory sub-strain, also called KOS (M), and determine the complete genomic sequence of an early passage stock of the KOS laboratory sub-strain and a laboratory stock of the KOS1.1 sub-strain. The genomes of the two sub-strains are highly similar with only five coding changes, 20 non-coding changes, and about twenty non-ORF sequence changes. The coding changes could potentially explain the KOS1.1 phenotypic properties of increased replication at high temperature and reduced neuroinvasiveness. The study also provides sequence markers to define the provenance of specific laboratory KOS virus stocks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Colgrove
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Xueqiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raja
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
authors.forename: Neal A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Deluca
authors.affiliation: Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Ruchi M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Coen
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address: david_knipe@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Knipe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: HSV; HSV genome sequence; HSV history; Herpes simplex virus; KOS; KOS sequence; KOS1.1; KOS1.1sequence