title: Bioenhanced oral curcumin nanoparticles: Role of carbohydrates.
abstract: The paper discusses polysaccharide-adsorbed curcumin-Gantrez nanoparticles for bioenhancement of oral curcumin. Nanoparticles revealed no change in size over time in pH 1.2 and 7.4, and a rapid drug release in pH 1.2 and 7.4 medium containing surfactant. Without adsorbed polysaccharides, nanoparticles exhibited high Cmax (61.3 ± 22.3 ng/mL), sustained plasma concentration up to 24h and 117% absolute bioavailability, attributed to bioadhesion. In contrast galactose polysaccharides arabinogalactan and kappa-carrageenan adsorbed nanoparticles exhibited rapid absorption with higher Cmax of 109.5 ± 31.2 ng/mL and 92.3 ± 21.2 ng/mL, respectively, but faster elimination and absolute bioavailability of greater than 25%. The glucose polysaccharide pullulan adsorbed nanoparticles exhibited significantly lower Cmax (39.7 ± 20.6 ng/mL) and bioavailability (13%). Lower bioavailability of polysaccharide adsorbed nanoparticles was attributed to high metabolism of curcumin in the intestine as a result of faster gastric elimination and high intestinal localization. However polysaccharide-adsorbed nanoparticles could play an important role in bioenhancement of drugs specifically those exhibiting good stability across the gastrointestinal tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (Deemed University, Elite status), N. P. Marg, Matunga (East), Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: anisha149@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anisha A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: D'Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (Deemed University, Elite status), N. P. Marg, Matunga (East), Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: pvdevarajan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Padma V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Devarajan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Arabinogalactan; Arabinogalactan (PubChem CID: 24847856); Curcumin; Curcumin (PubChem CID: 969516); Gantrez; Gantrez (PubChem CID: 62708); Polysaccharide; Pullulan; kappa-Carrageenan; kappa-carrageenan (PubChem CID: 11966249)