title: Pluripotent Stem Cells from Domesticated Mammals.
abstract: This review deals with the latest advances in the study of embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from domesticated species, with a focus on pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, cats, and dogs. Whereas the derivation of fully pluripotent ESC from these species has proved slow, reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSC has been more straightforward. However, most of these iPSC depend on the continued expression of the introduced transgenes, a major drawback to their utility. The persistent failure in generating ESC and the dependency of iPSC on ectopic genes probably stem from an inability to maintain the stability of the endogenous gene networks necessary to maintain pluripotency. Based on work in humans and rodents, achievement of full pluripotency will likely require fine adjustments in the growth factors and signaling inhibitors provided to the cells. Finally, we discuss the future utility of these cells for biomedical and agricultural purposes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; email: ezashit@missouri.edu , yuany@missouri.edu , robertsrm@missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ezashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; email: ezashit@missouri.edu , yuany@missouri.edu , robertsrm@missouri.edu.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211; email: ezashit@missouri.edu , yuany@missouri.edu , robertsrm@missouri.edu.
authors.forename: R Michael
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D002415:Cats; D002417:Cattle; D004285:Dogs; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D006041:Goats; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008322:Mammals; D012756:Sheep; D013552:Swine
keywords: embryonic stem cells; embryos; genetic modification; induced pluripotent stem cells; reprogramming