title: GlycA, a marker of acute phase glycoproteins, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: PREVEND study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  GlycA is a recently developed glycoprotein biomarker of systemic inflammation that may be predictive of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical performance of the GlycA test, measured on the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer, was evaluated. To test its prospective association with T2DM, GlycA was measured in 4524 individuals from the PREVEND study and a survival analysis was performed with a mean follow-up period of 7.3y.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imprecision for the GlycA test ranged from 1.3-2.3% and linearity was established between 150 and 1588μmol/l. During the follow-up period, 220 new T2DM cases were ascertained. In analyses adjusted for relevant covariates, GlycA was associated with incident T2DM; hazard ratio (HR) for the highest vs. lowest quartile 1.77 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.10-2.86, P=0.01], whereas the association of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with T2DM was not significant. GlycA remained associated with incident T2DM after additional adjustment for hsCRP; HR 1.71 [1.00-2.92, P=0.04]. A multivariable adjusted analysis of dichotomized subgroups showed that the hazard for incident T2DM was highest in the subgroup with high GlycA and low hsCRP (P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The performance characteristics of the GlycA test reveal that it is suitable for clinical applications, including assessment of the risk of future T2DM.
authors.affiliation: LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Raleigh, NC, United States. Electronic address: connem5@labcorp.com.
authors.forename: Margery A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Connelly
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eke G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Gruppen
authors.affiliation: LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Raleigh, NC, United States.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolak-Dinsmore
authors.affiliation: LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Raleigh, NC, United States.
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Matyus
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ineke J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Riphagen
authors.affiliation: LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Raleigh, NC, United States.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shalaurova
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Stephan J L
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Raleigh, NC, United States.
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Otvos
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robin P F
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dullaart
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: GlycA; Glycoproteins; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Systemic inflammation; Type 2 diabetes mellitus