title: Regenerated cellulose scaffolds: Preparation, characterization and toxicological evaluation.
abstract: Regenerated cellulose scaffolds (RCS) may be used as alloplastic materials for tissue repair. In this work, the RCS were obtained by viscose process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry analysis (TG). In vitro enzymatic degradation assay and toxicological assays were also evaluated. The physicochemical characterizations revealed the formation of a porous material with distinct thermal profile and crystallinity compared to pristine cellulose pulp. Enzymatic degradation assay revealed that lysozyme showed a mildest catalytic action when compared to cellulase, Tricoderma reesei (Tr). Nevertheless, both enzymes were efficient for degrading the RCS. RCS did not show cytotoxicity, mutagenic or genotoxic effects. The systematically characterization of this work suggests that RCS presented distinct features that make it a viable material for future studies related to the development of scaffolds for biological applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, UNESP, PO Box 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-970, Brazil. Electronic address: adalberto_araujojunior@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Adalberto M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Araújo Júnior
authors.affiliation: Dental School at Araraquara, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14803-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermevvbraido@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Braido
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, UNESP, PO Box 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-970, Brazil. Electronic address: sysaska@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sybele
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, UNESP, PO Box 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-970, Brazil; Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Medinica Regenerativa (QUIMMERA), Centro Universitário de Araraquara (UNIARA), Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: hernane.barud@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hernane S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Barud
authors.affiliation: Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: leonardofranchi@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Leonardo P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Franchi
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Integradas do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus do Pontal, Rua Vinte, 1600, 38304-402 Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: rosanassuncao@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rosana M N
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Assunção
authors.affiliation: Dental School at Araraquara, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14803-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: raquel@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Raquel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Scarel-Caminaga
authors.affiliation: Dental School at Araraquara, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Humaitá, 1680, 14803-901 Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: ticiana@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Ticiana S O
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Capote
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, UNESP, PO Box 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-970, Brazil. Electronic address: younes.messaddeq@copl.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Younès
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Messaddeq
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, UNESP, PO Box 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-970, Brazil. Electronic address: sidney@iq.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Sidney J L
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004249:DNA Damage; D009113:Muramidase / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; D009113:Muramidase; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: Cytotoxicity; Genotoxicity; Mutagenicity; Regenerated cellulose; Scaffold; Tissue repair