title: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) sialography--an adjunct to salivary gland ultrasonography in the evaluation of recurrent salivary gland swelling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) sialography could help improve the visualization of the ductal system of salivary glands. The aim of this retrospective investigation was to monitor the use of CBCT sialography for the diagnosis of pathologies within the intraglandular ductal system when ultrasonography was inconclusive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen consecutive patients suffering from recurrent swelling of a major salivary gland were evaluated. In 12 patients (8 female; 4 male; average age 46 years), a radiopaque contrast agent could be injected into the ductal system, followed by a routine CBCT. Four blinded examiners evaluated the acquired data sets retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CBCT revealed seven stenosis, two salivary stones, one complete duct atresia, one intraglandular duct ectasia, and one regular duct system. Three of the detected pathologies were strictly intraglandular.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBCT sialography shows promise as a supplementary noninvasive diagnostic tool for the visualization of the intraglandular ductal system of the major human salivary glands. Controlled studies to further validate this method should be undertaken.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany. Electronic address: tobiaskroll75@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: May
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wittekindt
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kähling
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Shachi Jenny
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Howaldt
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Klussmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Hospital Gießen, Justus Liebig University, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen, 35392, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Streckbein
mesh_terms: D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012796:Sialography / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media