title: Prenatal exposure to bisphenol-A is associated with Toll-like receptor-induced cytokine suppression in neonates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite widespread human exposure to biphenol A (BPA), limited studies exist on the association of BPA with adverse health outcomes in young children. This study aims to investigate the effect of prenatal exposure to BPA on toll-like receptor-induced cytokine responses in neonates and its association with infectious diseases later in life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cord bloods were collected from 275 full-term neonates. Production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were evaluated after stimulating mononuclear cells with toll-like receptor ligands (TLR1-4 and 7-8). Serum BPA concentrations were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bacteria from nasopharyngeal specimens were identified with multiplex PCR and culture method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Result showed significant association between cord BPA concentration and TLR3- and TLR4-stimulated TNF-α response (P = 0.001) and that of TLR78-stimulated IL-6 response (P = 0.03). Clinical analysis did not show prenatal BPA exposure to be correlated with infection or bacterial colonization during the first year of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first cohort study that indicated prenatal BPA exposure to play a part in TLR-related innate immune response of neonatal infants. However, despite an altered immune homeostasis, result did not show such exposure to be associated with increased risk of infection during early infancy.
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sui-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Han
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatric, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shen-Hao
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Man-Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuo-Wei
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Yin
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.|Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jing-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010636:Phenols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D016207:Cytokines; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008024:Ligands; D010636:Phenols; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds