title: Malignant transformation of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour - a review of literature.
abstract: Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (CCOT) has been classified as an odontogenic tumour. Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is the malignant counterpart of CCOT. This paper aims to review the literature regarding malignant transformation of CCOT. A literature search was done via the National Library of Medicine PubMed interface, searching for articles relating to malignant transformation of CCOT. From these articles, references were obtained, and from their references lists, pertinent secondary references were also identified and acquired. After reviewing the literature, we found 26 cases of GCOC which developed from CCOT. Malignant transformation of CCOT was seen more commonly in the maxilla. Histologically, changes such as increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, atypical mitotic figures have been reported after malignant transformation. Immunohistochemical analysis has shown an increased expression of ki-67 and p53 in tumour cells. Malignant transformation of CCOT, although rare, mostly takes place in recurrent and long standing cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bassel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarakji
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nipun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ashok
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alzoghaibi
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Alsakran
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Altamimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saleh Nasser
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Azzeghaiby
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kusai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baroudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Zakaria
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Nassani
keywords: Gorlin cyst; calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour; ghost cell odontogenic tumour; malignancy; odontogenic cyst; review