title: The Mechanisms of Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Products Formation through Polyphenols in Hyperglycemic Condition.
abstract: Glycation, the non-enzymatic binding of glucose to free amino groups of an amino acid, yields irreversible heterogeneous compounds known as advanced glycation end products. Those products play a significant role in diabetic complications. In the present article we briefly discuss the contribution of advanced glycation end products to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, such as atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and wound healing. Then we mention the various mechanisms by which polyphenols inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. Finally, recent supporting documents are presented to clarify the inhibitory effects of polyphenols on the formation of advanced glycation end products. Phytochemicals apply several antiglycation mechanisms, including glucose metabolism, amelioration of oxidative stress, scavenging of dicarbonyl species, and up/down-regulation of gene expression. To utilize polyphenols in order to remedy diabetic complications, we must explore, examine and clarify the action mechanisms of the components of polyphenols.
authors.affiliation: Tissue Culture Engineering Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shahpour
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khangholi
authors.affiliation: Tissue Culture Engineering Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia.
authors.forename: Fadzilah Adibah Abdul
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Majid
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.
authors.forename: Najat Jabbar Ahmed
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Berwary
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia.
authors.forename: Farediah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bio-products Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ramlan Bin Abd
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Aziz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D059808:Polyphenols