title: Connectivity between the OFF bipolar type DB3a and six types of ganglion cell in the marmoset retina.
abstract: Parallel visual pathways originate at the first synapse in the retina, where cones make connections with cone bipolar cells that in turn contact ganglion cells. There are more ganglion cell types than bipolar types, suggesting that there must be divergence from bipolar to ganglion cells. Here we analyze the contacts between an OFF bipolar type (DB3a) and six ganglion cell types in the retina of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). Ganglion cells were transfected via particle-mediated gene transfer of an expression plasmid for the postsynaptic density 95-green fluorescent protein (PSD95-GFP), and DB3a cells were labeled via immunohistochemistry. Ganglion cell types that fully or partially costratified with DB3a cells included OFF parasol, OFF midget, broad thorny, recursive bistratified, small bistratified, and large bistratified cells. On average, the number of DB3a contacts to parasol cells (18 contacts per axon terminal) is higher than that to other ganglion cell types (between four and seven contacts). We estimate that the DB3a output to OFF parasol cells accounts for at least 30% of the total DB3a output. Furthermore, we found that OFF parasol cells receive approximately 20% of their total bipolar input from DB3a cells, suggesting that other diffuse bipolar types also provide input to OFF parasol cells. We conclude that DB3a cells preferentially contact OFF parasol cells but also provide input to other ganglion cell types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Rania A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Masri
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Kumiko A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Percival
authors.affiliation: National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Amane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.|Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.|School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.|Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.|School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Grünert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064092:Calbindin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D002144:Callithrix / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D064428:Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology*; D051245:Retinal Bipolar Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D064092:Calbindin 1; D064428:Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins
keywords: AB_10000340; AB_10000347; AB_10672848; AB_2114999; AB_2314137; AB_2315219; AB_399431; PSD95; diffuse bipolar; parasol cells; primate; widefield ganglion cells