title: Prevalence of Circulating Antibodies to Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in Yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China.
abstract: Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) causes infections with many clinical signs, including rhinotracheitis, encephalitis, and genital lesions. The virus occurs worldwide in bovines, and in recent years, it has been reported in yaks (Bos grunniens) inhabiting the Tibetan Plateau in China. However, there is little epidemiologic data describing BoHV-1 infections in China's yak herds. We conducted a cross-sectional study on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) in China July 2011-July 2012 to estimate the prevalence of BoHV-1 antibody in yak herds. We collected 1,840 serum samples from yaks on the QTP, in Tibet (988 yaks), Qinghai (475 yaks), and Sichuan (377 yaks) Provinces. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that 381 (38.6%) of the Tibetan samples, 212 (44.6%) of the Qinghai samples, and 105 (27.9%) of the Sichuan samples had detectable antibodies to BoHV-1. Given that this high prevalence of infection in yaks could result in heavy economic losses, we suggest that an effective management program, including vaccination and strategies for infection control, be developed.
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 2 College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahzad
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Fazul
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nabi
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.|3 Laboratory of Detection and Monitoring of Highland Animal Diseases, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet, China.
authors.forename: Jiakui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Zhengfei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D018609:Tibet / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: Bos grunniens; Bovine Herpesvirus 1; Qinghai-Tibetan plateau; yaks