title: 3D Surface Profile and Color Stability of Tooth Colored Filling Materials after Bleaching.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effects of vital tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide home bleaching and in-office bleaching on the color stability and 3D surface profile of dental restorative filling materials. Thirty discs (n = 30) measure 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick for each of three restorative materials. These are nanofilled composite Filtek Z350 XT, the submicron composite Estelite Σ Quick, and nanofilled glass ionomer Ketac N100 nanoionomer and were fabricated in shade A2. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 10): subgroup A (Opalescence PF), subgroup B (Opalescence Boost in-office bleaching), and subgroup C (distilled water) serving as control. Samples were bleached according to the manufacturer's instructions for a period of two weeks. The Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE L(*), a(*), b(*)) system was chosen for image processing, while 3D surface profile was tested with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney tests and Krusal-Wallis with a P value of ≤ 0.05. The three restorative materials showed significant color changes (ΔE); P ≤ 0.05. In diminishing order, the mean color changes recorded were Estelite Σ (3.82 ± 1.6) > Ketac Nano (2.97 ± 1.2) > Filtek Z350 XT (2.25 ± 1.0). However, none of the tested materials showed statistically significant changes in surface roughness; P > 0.05.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Bryant Anthony
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Irawan
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Stacey Natalie
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Irawan
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sam'an Malik
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Masudi
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ninin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sukminingrum
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Khursheed
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Alam
mesh_terms: D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003116:Color; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea