title: [Three-dimensional Pseudo-continuous Arterial Spin Label Non-contrast Enhanced Perfusion Imaging of Head and Neck Tumors with High-field MR System].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin label (3D pCASL) non-contrast enhanced perfusion imaging applied to head and neck tumors in high-field MR and detect the effects of different postlabeling delay (PLD) time on image quality and the reliability of repeated measurements of tumor blood flow (BF) in different 3D pCASL groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study,all the 25 patients received neck 3D pCASL non-contrast enhanced perfusion examinations in a 3.0 T MR system by using an 8-channel head and neck joint coil. Conventional T1-weighted (TIWI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) were performed firstly. Finally,three 3D pCASL with different PLD time [ASL1(PLD1=1525 ms),ASL2 (PLD2=2025 ms), ASL3(PLD3=2525 ms)] were acquired. Patients' perfusion-weighted images acquired from different 3D pCASL sequences underwent the analysis of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast noise ratio (CNR) for tumors. Two observers performed the qualitative assessments on spiral artifacts and vascular artifacts of perfusion-weighted images from different 3D pCASL sequences. Blood flow (BF) of tumors from different 3D pCASL sequences were measured by the two observers respectively for the first time and by observer 2 for the second time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen enrolled patients (age:50.1 ± 12.7 years,M/F=10:7) with histopathologic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  underwent the evaluation of image quality and measurements of BF values. The SNRs and CNRs of ASL1,ASL2, and ASL3 showed a descending trendency. SNRs (P=0.011) and CNRs (P=0.009) of ASL1 were significant higher than those of ASL3. There was no significant difference of scores of spiral artifacts among the three ASL groups (P=0.932). The scores of vascular artifacts of ASL1,ASL2,and ASL3 showed a descending trendency,also. And scores of ASL1 was significant higher than that of ASL3(P=0.000). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of intre-and intraobserver were high (ICC>0.9). Although the BF values of ASL1,ASL2, and ASL3 showed an ascending trendency,there was no significant difference among the three groups (P=0.977).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 3D pCASL no-contrast enhanced perfusion MR imaging can be used for head and neck tumor. The image quality of perfusion weighted images and reliability of BF measurements were satisfied. The 3D pCASL series with PLD of 1525 ms and 2025 ms have better image quality than PLD of 2525 ms. And BF values do not show significant statistic difference among the three groups. Therefore, 3D pCASL series with PLD of 1525 ms and 2025 ms are more suitable for the perfusion imaging of head and neck tumors
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China2MR Applied Science Laboratory,GE Healthcare,Beijing 100176,China3Department of Chemotherapy,4Department of Stomatology,5Department of E.N.T,6Department of Radiotherapy,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China2MR Applied Science Laboratory,GE Healthcare,Beijing 100176,China3Department of Chemotherapy,4Department of Stomatology,5Department of E.N.T,6Department of Radiotherapy,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China2MR Applied Science Laboratory,GE Healthcare,Beijing 100176,China3Department of Chemotherapy,4Department of Stomatology,5Department of E.N.T,6Department of Radiotherapy,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Hai-long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Kai-ning
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China2MR Applied Science Laboratory,GE Healthcare,Beijing 100176,China3Department of Chemotherapy,4Department of Stomatology,5Department of E.N.T,6Department of Radiotherapy,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Zhao-yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Chun-mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xing-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China2MR Applied Science Laboratory,GE Healthcare,Beijing 100176,China3Department of Chemotherapy,4Department of Stomatology,5Department of E.N.T,6Department of Radiotherapy,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Zhu-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China2MR Applied Science Laboratory,GE Healthcare,Beijing 100176,China3Department of Chemotherapy,4Department of Stomatology,5Department of E.N.T,6Department of Radiotherapy,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China.
authors.forename: Zheng-yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels