title: THE COMBINED USE OF HONEY, GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) AND SKIMMED MILK AS AN EXTENDER FOR CHILLING SHEEP SEMEN.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sugars are the energetic source for sperm to maintain the metabolic process, and the antibiotics slow down sperm degradation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of rosemary honey as energy source and cryoprotectant in combination with garlic as a natural antibiotic on the quality of ram spermatozoa upon cooling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ejaculates from three rams were evaluated at different times during cooling to determine its post-dilution quality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glycerol and dimethylformamide in conjunction with honey and garlic significantly improve the survival of spermatozoa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of honey and garlic reduces sperm deterioration when stored at 4 degree C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Pathology, Obstetrics and Reproduction Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. rjerez@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jerez-Ebensperger
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Pathology, Obstetrics and Reproduction Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Pathology, Obstetrics and Reproduction Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Pathology, Infectious Disease Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Blas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D012661:Semen; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D034561:Sheep, Domestic / Q000502:physiology*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004126:Dimethylformamide; D005990:Glycerol