title: [Clinical Practice Guide for Early Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment of the Acute Intoxication Phase in Patients with Alcohol Abuse or Dependence: Part I: Screening, Early Detection and Risk Factors in Patients with Alcohol Abuse or Dependence].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Worldwide, alcohol is the second most-used psychotropic substance and the third risk factor for early death and disability. Its noxious use is a world public health problem given its personal, labor, family, economic and social impact. 70 % of people under risk of having alcohol problems go undetected in medical practice, a fact that underlines the need for specific screening measures allowing early detection leading to timely treatment. This article presents evidence gathered by alcohol abuse and dependence screening as well as by risk factor identification and screening. It also presents evidence concerning withdrawal symptoms, delirium tremens and Wernicke's encephalopathy in order to promote early detection and timely treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic revision of the evidence available together with an evaluation of pertinent guidelines found in literature so as to decide whether to adopt or adapt the existing recommendation for each question or to develop de novo recommendations. For de novo recommendations as well as those adapted, it was carried out an evidence synthesis, together with evidence tables and formulation of recommendations based on the evidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evidence was found and recommendations were made for the pertinent screening and search of risk factors, in order to perform a diagnosis and carry out a timely management of alcohol abuse, dependence and ensuing complications: withdrawal syndrome, delirium tremens and Wernicke's encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: Médico psiquiatra, terapeuta sistémico, magister Epidemiología Clínica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, director GAI, Bogotá, Colombia. Electronic address: rdelae@javeriana.edu.co.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de la Espriella Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Médica cirujana, magíster en Epidemiología Clínica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, coordinadora GAI, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de la Hoz Bradford
authors.affiliation: Médico psiquiatra, MSc Epidemiología Clínica, Psiquiatra de Enlace, Psicoanalista, profesor titular Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, director Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, director Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Director GAI Depresión, codirector CINETS, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gómez-Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Medica cirujana, residente de Psiquiatría, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, asistente de investigación, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Alina Uribe-Holguín
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Zárate
authors.affiliation: Médico psiquiatra, fellow en abuso de sustancias, MSc en psicología y terapia sistémica, psiquiatra de CAD Fundar Bogotá, profesor de psiquiatría de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, experto temático, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Miguel Cote
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Menéndez
authors.affiliation: Médica cirujana, magíster en educación, candidata a MSc en Epidemiología Clínica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, asistente de investigación, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Michelle Cortés
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Barré
authors.affiliation: Médica psiquiatra, miembro activo del subcomité de adicciones de la ACP, coordinadora del área científica de la ESE Hospital Mental de Filandia, Quindío, docente de clínica psiquiátrica, programa de Medicina de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindío, entrenadora del Programa Treatnet II Colombia de ONU-DC. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría, experta temática, Filandia, Quindío, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ana María Cano
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rentería
authors.affiliation: Médica psiquiatra, Universidad del Valle, máster en Conductas Adictivas, Universidad de Valencia, docente de Farmacodependencia, Universidad Libre, directora general de Fundar Colombia (Cali), Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría, coordinadora del subcomité de adicciones de la ACP, experta temática, Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Delia Cristina
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hernández
keywords: Abuso; Alcohol abuse; Wernicke encephalopathy; alcohol; alcohol dependence; alcohol withdrawal; delirum tremens; delírium trémens; dependencia a alcohol; encefalopatía de Wernicke; síndrome de abstinencia alcohólica