title: [Testicular teratoma in children: Analysis of 64 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the diagnosis and treatment of testicular teratoma in children by analysis of clinical data.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 64 cases of testicular teratoma treated in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 1995 to 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-one of the cases presented painless scrotal mass with a sense of bearing down and the other 3 cases were confirmed because of empty scrotum diagnosed as cryptorchidism. The level of serum alpha fetal protein ( AFP) was obviously increased in 46 cases but normal in the other 18 preoperatively. Ultrasonography manifested abnormal inhomogeneous echo zones with calcification or necrosis. X-ray examination presented patchy or curvilinear high-density shadows in 28 cases. Forty-one of the patients underwent testis-sparing surgery (TSS) , 20 received high inguinal orchiectomy, and 3 refused surgical treatment. Pathological examination revealed 3 mature germinal layers in the 49 cases of mature teratoma and immature germinal tissue, including the original neural tube, and 11 cases of immature teratoma. The mature cases were exempted from chemotherapy, while the immature cases received the combination of cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin (PEB). The patients were followed up for 2 years postoperatively, which revealed no recurrence or metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most children with testicular teratoma presented painless scrotal mass with a sense of bearing down and with abnormal serum AFP in most cases. Ultrasonography and plain radiography of the scrotum contribute to the diagnosis of the tumor. TSS is the main treatment option and intraoperative frozen-section can help the surgeons decide on the surgical mode. Postoperative chemotherapy is necessitated for immature teratoma but not for mature cases.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Sheng-de
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Da-wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xu-liang
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun-hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: De-ying
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Guang-hui
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006061:Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012611:Scrotum; D013724:Teratoma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013737:Testis / Q000002:abnormalities; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin