title: Total and Free Fluoride Concentration in Various Brands of Toothpaste Marketed in India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For fluoridated toothpaste to be effective in controlling dental caries, an adequate concentration of soluble fluoride must be available in the oral cavity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the total and free fluoride concentration in various brands of toothpaste marketed in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three samples of 12 different toothpastes were purchased from supermarkets in Mysore city, Karnataka, India. Toothpastes were analysed in duplicate using a fluoride ion-specific electrode. The concentration of total fluoride (TF) and total soluble fluoride (TSF) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measured TF was consistent with that declared by the manufacturer in five products. Four toothpastes showed lower TF and two higher TF than declared. Most toothpastes exhibited TSF concentrations similar to the TF content except four samples that displayed considerably lower TSF than TF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The measurement of total and free fluoride concentrations of toothpastes available in India showed inhomogenities. Therefore there is a need for stringent regulatory control measures for the determination of fluoride content in toothpastes in developing country like India.
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences , Tiruvalla, India .
authors.forename: Shibu Thomas
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sebastian
authors.affiliation: Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, JSS Dental College and Hospital , Mysore, India .
authors.forename: Sunitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siddanna
keywords: Dental caries; Dentrifice; Fluoride content; Fluoride ion electrode