title: A new face of sleep: The impact of post-learning sleep on recognition memory for face-name associations.
abstract: Sleep has been demonstrated to improve consolidation of many types of new memories. However, few prior studies have examined how sleep impacts learning of face-name associations. The recognition of a new face along with the associated name is an important human cognitive skill. Here we investigated whether post-presentation sleep impacts recognition memory of new face-name associations in healthy adults. Fourteen participants were tested twice. Each time, they were presented 20 photos of faces with a corresponding name. Twelve hours later, they were shown each face twice, once with the correct and once with an incorrect name, and asked if each face-name combination was correct and to rate their confidence. In one condition the 12-h interval between presentation and recall included an 8-h nighttime sleep opportunity ("Sleep"), while in the other condition they remained awake ("Wake"). There were more correct and highly confident correct responses when the interval between presentation and recall included a sleep opportunity, although improvement between the "Wake" and "Sleep" conditions was not related to duration of sleep or any sleep stage. These data suggest that a nighttime sleep opportunity improves the ability to correctly recognize face-name associations. Further studies investigating the mechanism of this improvement are important, as this finding has implications for individuals with sleep disturbances and/or memory impairments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany. Electronic address: leonie.maurer@gmx.de.
authors.forename: Leonie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: kzitting@partners.org.
authors.forename: Kirsi-Marja
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Zitting
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: elliottkj1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kieran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: cacadmin@partners.org.
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Czeisler
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: jronda@research.bwh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ronda
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, BLI438, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: jduffy@research.bwh.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Jeanne F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Duffy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001245:Association Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D000066499:Facial Recognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012890:Sleep; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Declarative memory; Hippocampal-dependent memory; Recognition memory; Sleep