title: Construction of photodynamic-effect immunofluorescence probes by a complex of quantum dots, immunoglobulin G and chlorin e6 and their application in HepG2 cell killing.
abstract: In this study, tri-functional immunofluorescent probes (Ce6-IgG-QDs) based on covalent combinations of quantum dots (QDs), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) were developed and their photodynamic ability to induce the death of cancer cells was demonstrated. Strategically, one type of second-generation photosensitizer, Ce6, was first coupled with anti-IgG antibody using the EDC/NHS cross-linking method to construct the photosensitive immunoconjugate Ce6-IgG. Then, a complex of Ce6-IgG-QDs immunofluorescent probes was obtained in succession by covalently coupling Ce6-IgG to water soluble CdTe QDs. The as-manufactured Ce6-IgG-QDs maintained the bio-activities of both the antigen-antibody-based tumour targeting effects of IgG and the photodynamic-related anticancer activities of Ce6. By way of polyclonal antibody interaction with rabbit anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR antibody, N-terminus), Ce6-IgG-QDs were labelled indirectly onto the surface of human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells in cell recognition and killing experiments. The results indicated that the Ce6-IgG-QDs probes have excellent tumour cell selectivity and higher photosensitivity in photodynamic therapy (PDT) compared with Ce6 alone, due to their antibody-based specific recognition and location of HepG2 cells and the photodynamic effects of Ce6 killed cells based on efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer between QDs and Ce6. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Ying
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Qing
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.|Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 211198, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000737:chemistry*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045663:Quantum Dots; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; C062985:phytochlorin
keywords: CdTe quantum dots; Chlorin e6; MTT; PDT; immunofluorescence probes