title: Characterization of polysaccharide fractions in mulberry fruit and assessment of their antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities in vitro.
abstract: The present study aimed to characterize and investigate the polysaccharide fractions of mulberry fruit, and their antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities. Mulberry fruit polysaccharides (MFP) were extracted by using hot water as the solvent and fractioned by using a DEAE-Sepharose fast-flow column. In total four eluents of water (MFP-1), 0.1 M NaCl (MFP-2), 0.2 M NaCl (MFP-3) and 0.3 M NaCl (MFP-4) were fractionated. Arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and mannose were the main components present in MFP-1, while MFP-2 and MFP-3 were composed of arabinose and galactose, and MFP-4 of arabinose, galactose and glucose. High-performance gel permeation chromatography (HP-GPC) analysis indicated a narrower molecular weight distribution in the MFP-1 fraction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited a smooth surface for MFP-1 and MFP-3 fractions, whereas MFP-2 and MFP-4 have pore openings and flocculent fibers on a smooth surface. Tertiary structure analyses indicated that none of the fractions had a triple-helical conformation. On the whole, MFP-3 and MFP-4 showed better antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase compared to MFP-1 and MFP-2. These results show significant potential for the antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of MFP-3 and MFP-4 indicating the need for their further exploration as potential antidiabetic agents.
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China. lfxfu@scut.edu.cn lichao02263559@163.com.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China. lfxfu@scut.edu.cn lichao02263559@163.com.
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China. lfxfu@scut.edu.cn lichao02263559@163.com and Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Arshad Mehmood
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China. lfxfu@scut.edu.cn lichao02263559@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China. lfxfu@scut.edu.cn lichao02263559@163.com and Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Rui Hai
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China. lfxfu@scut.edu.cn lichao02263559@163.com.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases