title: Assessment of the bifidogenic effect of substituted xylo-oligosaccharides obtained from corn straw.
abstract: This work evaluates the bifidogenic potential of substituted xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) obtained from a lignocellulosic feedstock (corn straw). Autohydrolysis was used to selectively hydrolyse the xylan-rich hemicellulosic fraction and the soluble oligosaccharides were purified by gel filtration chromatography. Selected oligosaccharides fractions within the target ranges of polymerization degree (4-6 and 9-21, samples S1 and S2, respectively) were characterized and their bifidogenic potential was investigated by in vitro fermentations using human fecal inocula. Bacterial growth was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). XOS consumption and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production were evaluated and compared with commercial oligosaccharides. Under the tested conditions, all the substrates were utilized by the microbiota, and fermentation resulted in increased bifidobacteria populations. Samples S1 and S2 increased bifidobacteria populations and the production profile of SCFA was similar for XOS samples and commercial oligosaccharides although XOS samples displayed the highest concentration of SCFA on longer fermentation times.
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Bioenergia, LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, Lisboa 1649-038, Portugal; Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moniz
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ai Ling
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Bioenergia, LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, Lisboa 1649-038, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luís C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kolida
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rastall
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Bioenergia, LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, Lisboa 1649-038, Portugal. Electronic address: florbela.carvalheiro@lneg.pt.
authors.forename: Florbela
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carvalheiro
mesh_terms: D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005285:Fermentation; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005965:Glucuronates; D009844:Oligosaccharides; C570991:xylooligosaccharide; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Agricultural residues; Hemicelluloses; In vitro fermentation; Oligosaccharides consumption; Purification; SCFA production