title: Sotagliflozin as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  SGLT1 is the primary transporter responsible for the absorption of glucose and galactose in the intestine, while SGLT2 and SGLT1 are both involved in the renal reabsorption of glucose. SGLT2 inhibitors are a new class of oral antidiabetic drugs, acting by increasing urinary glucose excretion (UGE). They offer the advantages of a reduced risk of hypoglycaemia, a decrease in body weight and blood pressure and an efficacy at all stages of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Herein, the authors focus specifically on sotagliflozin (LX4211), the first-in-class dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitor. Original publications in English were selected as the basis of this review. Clinical trials were identified using the Clinicaltrial.gov database.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By a potential additional mechanism of action on intestinal glucose absorption linked to SGLT1 inhibition, sotagliflozin differentiates from SGLT2 inhibitors by reducing postprandial glucose excursion and insulin secretion, as well as by increasing GLP-1 secretion. Despite a weaker effect on UGE than selective SGLT2 inhibitors, sotagliflozin is as effective as SGLT2 inhibitors on HbA1C reduction, with a similar safety profile in short-term studies. While sotagliflozin was first assessed in T2DM, it is now in phase 3 development as an adjuvant treatment in patients with T1DM after positive results from a pilot study.
authors.affiliation: a Clinique d'Endocrinologie , l'institut du thorax , CHU de Nantes, Nantes F-44000 , France.|b l'institut du thorax , Inserm, UMR1087, Nantes F-44000 , France.|c Faculté de Médecine , Université de Nantes , Nantes F-44000 , France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cariou
authors.affiliation: c Faculté de Médecine , Université de Nantes , Nantes F-44000 , France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charbonnel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006027:Glycosides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D006027:Glycosides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; C575681:(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-ethoxybenzyl)phenyl)-6-(methylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol; D005947:Glucose
keywords: SGLT1; SGLT2; intestine; kidney; type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes