title: Targeted therapy for stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review based on clinical trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Controversy exists regarding the therapeutic benefit of cell-based therapy in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate evidence regarding the therapeutic effect and safety of cell-based therapy in the treatment of SUI and to propose a new approach to SUI treatment utilizing tissue engineering methodologies. We have thoroughly reviewed the literature using PubMed in order to identify only original, clinical studies involving cell therapy for SUI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell-based therapy, as practiced today, is a safe but ineffective method for SUI treatment. The key to an optimal therapeutic outcome in SUI is accurate diagnosis combined with targeted therapy. Targeted therapy in SUI should be based on cell implantation to restore and regenerate the damaged urethral sphincter and/or the construction of a neo-pubourethral ligament utilizing tissue engineering methodologies.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pokrywczynska
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adamowicz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czapiewska
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Balcerczyk
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.
authors.forename: Arkadiusz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jundzill
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowacki
authors.affiliation: b Professorial Department of Surgery , St Vincent's Hospital, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petros
authors.affiliation: a Department of Regenerative Medicine , Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Poland.|c Department of Urology , Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital , Torun , Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drewa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D014521:Urethra / Q000473:pathology; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Cell therapy; stem cells; stress urinary incontinence; tissue engineering; tissue-engineered slings