title: Serum Oxidative Stress Markers and Genotoxic Profile Induced by Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative parameters of erythrocytes and genotoxicity in leukocytes of patients with breast cancer. Oxidative parameters were detected by spectrophotometry and genotoxic damage by single cell gel electrophoresis. Twenty-eight women with breast cancer were monitored before chemotherapy and after the second and fourth cycles of therapy with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. After the fourth cycle, increases (P < 0.05) in the reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid levels, nitrite content, and superoxide dismutase activity and high rates of DNA damage in leukocytes were observed when compared with healthy women group and baseline levels. Similarly, after the second cycle, the same parameters were increased (P < 0.05) when compared with baseline levels. Increase in catalase activity was detected only after the fourth cycle and reduced glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were decreased in all cycles when compared with healthy women, as well as after the second and fourth chemotherapy cycles compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Patients with breast cancer presented an indicative of oxidative stress before, during, and after chemotherapy, as well as increased genotoxic damage in all stages of treatment, demonstrating the clinical applicability of this investigation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio Luiz
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gomes Júnior
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcia Fernanda Correia Jardim
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Paz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laís Iasmin Soares
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Genetics, State University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Simone da Costa e Silva
authors.initials: Sda C
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Luiz Pinho
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sobral
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia da Conceição
authors.initials: Kda C
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Michel Pinheiro
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
authors.forename: Prabodh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Satyal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Research in Experimental Neurochemistry, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rivelilson Mendes
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020552:Comet Assay; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione