title: Metabolic exchanges within tumor microenvironment.
abstract: Tumor progression toward malignancy often requires a metabolic rewiring of cancer cells to meet changes in metabolic demand to forefront nutrient and oxygen withdrawal, together with strong anabolic requests to match high proliferation rate. Tumor microenvironment highly contributes to metabolic rewiring of cancer cells, fostering complete nutrient exploitation, favoring OXPHOS of lipids and glutamine at the expense of glycolysis and enhancing exchanges via extracellular microvesicles or exosomes of proteins, lipids and small RNAs among tumor and stromal cells. Noteworthy, the same molecular drivers of metabolic reprogramming within tumor and stroma are also able to elicit motility, survival and self-renewal on cancer cells, thereby sustaining successful escaping strategies to circumvent the hostile hypoxic, acidic and inflammatory environment. This review highlights the emerging role of nutrients and vesicle-mediated exchanges among tumor and stromal cells, defining their molecular pathways and offering new perspectives to develop treatments targeting this complex metabolic rewiring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy. Electronic address: paola.chiarugi@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chiarugi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cirri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Cancer associated fibroblasts; Extracellular vesicles; Lactate shuttle; Metabolic reprogramming; Tumor microenvironment; miRNAs exchanges