title: Oxidative stress induced sperm DNA damage, a possible reason for male infertility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sperm DNA damage is an important factor in the etiology of male infertility.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of oxidative stress induced sperm DNA damage with the pathogenesis of male infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised a total of 66 subjects, including fertile men (n=25) and infertile men (n=41) matched by age. Seminal malondialdehyde (MDA), phospholipid hydroperoxide (PHP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant status (TAS) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) were estimated by spectrophotometric and ELISA based methods and the association with the sperm parameters was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentages of motile and morphologically normal cells were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p <0.001, respectivly) in infertile men. Seminal levels of MDA, PHP and 8-OHdG were significantly higher (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p=0. 02, respectively) while the SOD and TAS were significantly lower (p=0. 0003, p< 0.001, respectively) in infertile men. Sperm parameters were negatively correlated with MDA, PHP and 8-OHdG while positively correlated with SOD and TAS. A positive correlation of 8-OHdG with MDA and PHP and a negative correlation with TAS and SOD were also found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that oxidative stress induced sperm DNA damage might have a critical effect on the etiology of infertility. Therefore, evaluation of oxidative status, antioxidant defense systems and DNA damage, together with sperm parameters might be a useful tool for diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Bayejid
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hosen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md Rakibul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Firoza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Yearul
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: M Zakir Hossain
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Howlader
keywords: DNA damage; Lipid peroxidation; Male infertility; Oxidative stress; Sperm quality