title: Bio-oil production of softwood and hardwood forest industry residues through fast and intermediate pyrolysis and its chromatographic characterization.
abstract: Bio-oils were produced through intermediate (IP) and fast pyrolysis (FP), using Eucalyptus sp. (hardwood) and Picea abies (softwood), wood wastes produced in large scale in Pulp and Paper industries. Characterization of these bio-oils was made using GC/qMS and GC×GC/TOFMS. The use of GC×GC provided a broader characterization of bio-oils and it allowed tracing potential markers of hardwood bio-oil, such as dimethoxy-phenols, which might co-elute in 1D-GC. Catalytic FP increased the percentage of aromatic hydrocarbons in P. abies bio-oil, indicating its potential for fuel production. However, the presence of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) draws attention to the need of a proper management of pyrolysis process in order to avoid the production of toxic compounds and also to the importance of GC×GC/TOFMS use to avoid co-elutions and consequent inaccuracies related to identification and quantification associated with GC/qMS. Ketones and phenols were the major bio-oil compounds and they might be applied to polymer production.
authors.affiliation: UFRGS - PGCIMAT, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; UFRGS - PPGQ, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isadora Dalla Vecchia
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Torri
authors.affiliation: VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Ville
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paasikallio
authors.affiliation: UFRGS - PGCIMAT, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Candice Schmitt
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Faccini
authors.affiliation: UFRGS - PGCIMAT, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.affiliation: UFRGS - PGCIMAT, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; UFRGS - PPGQ, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; INCT-EA-Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Meio Ambiente, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elina Bastos
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Caramão
authors.affiliation: VTT, Alameda Araguaia, 3972 Barueri, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sacon
authors.affiliation: VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oasmaa
authors.affiliation: UFRGS - PGCIMAT, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; UFRGS - PPGQ, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; INCT-EA-Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Meio Ambiente, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address: claudialcaraz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Claudia Alcaraz
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zini
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000737:chemistry; D065928:Forests; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D007221:Industry; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D009821:Oils
keywords: Bio-oil; Biomass; Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography; Pyrolysis; Residues