title: The mutation Glu151Asp in the B-component of the Bacillus cereus non-hemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) leads to a diverging reactivity in antibody-based detection systems.
abstract: The ability of Bacillus cereus to cause foodborne toxicoinfections leads to increasing concerns regarding consumer protection. For the diarrhea-associated enterotoxins, the assessment of the non-hemolytic enterotoxin B (NheB) titer determined by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) correlates best with in vitro cytotoxicity. In general, the regulation of enterotoxin expression of B. cereus is a coordinately-regulated process influenced by environmental, and probably also by host factors. As long as these factors are not completely understood, the currently-applied diagnostic procedures are based on indirect approaches to assess the potential virulence of an isolate. To date, sandwich EIA results serve as a surrogate marker to categorize isolates as either potentially low or highly toxic. Here, we report on a single amino acid exchange in the NheB sequence leading to an underestimation of the cytotoxic potential in a limited number of strains. During the screening of a large panel of B. cereus isolates, six showed uncommon features with low sandwich EIA titers despite high cytotoxicity. Sequence analysis revealed the point-mutation (Glu)151(Asp) in the potential binding region of the capture antibody. Application of this antibody also results in low titers in an indirect EIA format and shows variable detection intensities in Western-immunoblots. A commercially-available assay based on a lateral flow device detects all strains correctly as NheB producers in a qualitative manner. In conclusion, isolates showing low NheB titers should additionally be assayed in an indirect EIA or for their in vitro cytotoxicity to ensure a correct classification as either low or highly toxic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 85763 Oberschleißheim, Germany. a.didier@mh.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Didier
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 85763 Oberschleißheim, Germany. n.jessberger@mh.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Nadja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jeßberger
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobielle Ökologie, Zentralinstitut für Ernährungs-und Lebensmittelforschung, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany. vk@borreliosecentrum.de.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krey
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 85763 Oberschleißheim, Germany. r.dietrich@mh.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobielle Ökologie, Zentralinstitut für Ernährungs-und Lebensmittelforschung, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany. siegfried.scherer@wzw.tum.de.
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 85763 Oberschleißheim, Germany. e.maertlbauer@mh.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Märtlbauer
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C000589183:NheA protein, Bacillus cereus
keywords: Bacillus cereus; Duopath®; non-hemolytic enterotoxin B; point mutation