title: Patterns and Trends of Newly Diagnosed HIV Infections Among Adults and Adolescents in Correctional and Noncorrectional Facilities, United States, 2008-2011.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine whether the patterns and trends of HIV infections newly diagnosed within correctional and noncorrectional facilities differ.
  
  
  METHODS
  We classified persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection in the United States between 2008 and 2011 (n = 181,710) by correctional and noncorrectional facilities where diagnoses were first made, and stratified by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, transmission category, and diagnosis year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An estimated 9187 persons were newly diagnosed with HIV infection in 2008 to 2011 while incarcerated, representing approximately 5.1% of the 181,710 HIV infections diagnosed in the United States during this period. Of these incarcerated persons, 84% were male, 30% were aged 30 to 39 years, 59% were Black/African American, and 51% of the men had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact. Yearly numbers of diagnoses declined by 9.9% in correctional versus 0.3% in noncorrectional facilities. The percentage with a late HIV diagnosis was significantly lower in correctional than in noncorrectional facilities (prevalence ratio = 0.52; 95% confidence interval = 0.49, 0.55).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial HIV diagnosis occurred sooner after HIV infection onset in correctional than in noncorrectional settings, pointing to the need for efficient referral systems after release.
authors.affiliation: Albert E. Barskey, Angela Hernandez, and Lorena Espinoza are with Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Aruna Surendera Babu is with ICF International, Corporate Square NE, Suite 370, Atlanta.
authors.forename: Albert E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Barskey
authors.affiliation: Albert E. Barskey, Angela Hernandez, and Lorena Espinoza are with Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Aruna Surendera Babu is with ICF International, Corporate Square NE, Suite 370, Atlanta.
authors.forename: Aruna Surendera
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.affiliation: Albert E. Barskey, Angela Hernandez, and Lorena Espinoza are with Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Aruna Surendera Babu is with ICF International, Corporate Square NE, Suite 370, Atlanta.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Albert E. Barskey, Angela Hernandez, and Lorena Espinoza are with Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Aruna Surendera Babu is with ICF International, Corporate Square NE, Suite 370, Atlanta.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Espinoza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000635:transmission; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054525:Minority Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011330:Prisons; D012307:Risk Factors; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult