title: Effect of obstructive jaundice on hepatic hemodynamics: use of Sonazoid-enhanced ultrasonography in a prospective study of the blood flow balance between the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively clarify the effects of obstructive jaundice (OJ) on hepatic hemodynamics using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (US).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects comprised 14 patients admitted to our hospital for OJ between April 2013 and March 2014. Contrast-enhanced US was performed using the LOGIQ E9 ultrasound device during the jaundice phase, before biliary drainage, and again after improvement of jaundice. After injecting the Sonazoid contrast agent, contrast dynamics were recorded in the right kidney and liver segments 5 or 6. Prototype software was used to calculate mean arrival time (AT) of the contrast agent in the liver parenchyma. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the mean AT in the jaundice and improved jaundice phases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We were unable to follow up three of the 14 patients after biliary drainage; thus, we included 11 patients for further analysis. The mean AT of the contrast agent was 2.0 ± 1.8 and 6.1 ± 2.3 s in the jaundice and improved jaundice phases, respectively, showing significantly shorter AT in the jaundice phase (p = 0.0033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that OJ may influence the blood flow balance between the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. toho_med_wakui@yahoo.co.jp.|Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan. toho_med_wakui@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wakui
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishinakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.|Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.affiliation: Ultrasound General Imaging, GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Ultrasound General Imaging, GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasukiyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sumino
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Rosai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010087:Oxides; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C069727:Sonazoid; D007501:Iron
keywords: Arrival time parametric imaging; Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography; Obstructive jaundice; Sonazoid