title: [Expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 in cleft mouse embryonic palate induced by retinoic acid].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on the function of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) expression in embryonic palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cleft palate mice model was established by atRA. On gestation day (GD) 15 and GD 17, the pregnant mice were killed to obtain the embryos from the uteri. The embryonic palates were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and the remaining sections were used for the immunohistochemistry of BMPR2 detection. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression levels of Bmpr2 mRNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the atRA-treated group, short extensions and failure to fuse with each other were observed. The positive expression of BMPR2 was detected in developing palatal process from GD 15 to GD 17 in the control group. Compared with those of the control group, BMPR2 protein and Bmpr2 mRNA decreased in the atRA-treated group (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of pregnant mice with retinoic acid produces small palatal shelves in their fetuses and down-regulates BMPR2 expressions.
authors.forename: Mu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Weicai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongzhang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D002972:Cleft Palate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin
chemical_list: C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin