title: Cytotoxic and anti-colorectal tumor effects of sulfated saponins from sea cucumber Holothuria moebii.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whether sulfated saponins from Holothuria moebii inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and have anti-colorectal tumor effects in animal model has not been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-colorectal tumor effects of sulfated saponins from sea cucumber Holothuria moebii.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Column chromatography was used to prepare the total and individual saponins and HPLC was applied to define the components of the total saponins; (2) the activity of the total and individual saponins inhibiting the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells was determined by SRB assay and the apoptosis induced by the saponins was qualified using cytometric analysis with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining; and (3) the antitumor effects of the sulfated saponins on colorectal CT-26 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total and individual sulfated saponins significantly inhibited the proliferation of four different human colorectal cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 1.04 to 4.08 μM (or 1.46 to 3.24 μg/ml for total saponins) and induced late apoptosis at an early treatment time in cancer cells. The total saponins (120 mg/kg) had antitumor activity in colorectal CT-26 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sulfated saponins from H. moebii remarkably inhibited the proliferation of different human colorectal cancer cells and had significant anti-colorectal tumor activity in animal model.
authors.affiliation: Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Siran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xuewei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: zzahng88@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhizhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D047332:Holothuria / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012503:Saponins; C000604030:moebioside A
keywords: Anti-colorectal tumor effects; Desulfated saponin; Holothuria moebii; Inhibition of the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells; Sulfated saponin