title: Mealybug species from Chilean agricultural landscapes and main factors influencing the genetic structure of Pseudococcus viburni.
abstract: The present study aimed to characterize the distribution of mealybug species along Chilean agro-ecosystems and to determine the relative impact of host plant, management strategy, geography and micro-environment on shaping the distribution and genetic structure of the obscure mealybug Pseudococcus viburni. An extensive survey was completed using DNA barcoding methods to identify Chilean mealybugs to the species level. Moreover, a fine-scale study of Ps. viburni genetic diversity and population structure was carried out, genotyping 529 Ps. viburni individuals with 21 microsatellite markers. Samples from 16 localities were analyzed using Bayesian and spatially-explicit methods and the genetic dataset was confronted to host-plant, management and environmental data. Chilean crops were found to be infested by Ps. viburni, Pseudococcus meridionalis, Pseudococcus longispinus and Planococcus citri, with Ps. viburni and Ps. meridionalis showing contrasting distribution and host-plant preference patterns. Ps. viburni samples presented low genetic diversity levels but high genetic differentiation. While no significant genetic variance could be assigned to host-plant or management strategy, climate and geography were found to correlate significantly with genetic differentiation levels. The genetic characterization of Ps. viburni within Chile will contribute to future studies tracing back the origin and improving the management of this worldwide invader.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.|INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Margarita C G
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lombaert
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Thibaut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Malausa
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crochard
authors.affiliation: Xilema Control Biológico, Ruta 60, San Pedro, Quillota, Chile.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvear
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306-22, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zaviezo
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900 Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Ferran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palero
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D002677:Chile; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D049750:Genome, Insect; D005843:Geography; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S