title: In Vitro Selective Anti-Proliferative Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Co-Cultured C2C12 Myoblastoma Cancer and 3T3-L1 Normal Cells.
abstract: The zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle has been widely used in biomedical applications and cancer therapy and has been reported to induce a selective cytotoxic effect on cancer cell proliferation. The present study investigated the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles against co-cultured C2C12 myoblastoma cancer cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results showed that the ZnO nanoparticles could be cytotoxic to C2C12 myoblastoma cancer cells than 3T3-L1 cells. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of p53 and bax were significantly increased 114.3 and 118.2 % in the C2C12 cells, whereas 42.5 and 40 % were increased in 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The mRNA expression of bcl-2 was reduced 38.2 and 28.5 % in the C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively, whereas the mRNA expression of caspase-3 was increased 80.7 and 51.6 % in the C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The protein expressions of p53, bax, and caspase-3 were significantly increased 40, 81.8, and 80 % in C2C12 cells, whereas 20.3, 28.2, and 37.9 % were increased in 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The mRNA expression of bcl-2 was significantly reduced 32.2 and 22.7 % in C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. Caspase-3 enzyme activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased in co-cultured C2C12 cells compared to 3T3-L1 cells. Taking all these data together, it may suggest that ZnO nanoparticles severely induce apoptosis in C2C12 myoblastoma cancer cells than 3T3-L1 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources and Food Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Murugesan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chandrasekaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources and Food Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea. frenzram1980@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Muthuraman
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pandurangan
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009379:Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: 3T3-L1 adipocytes; C2C12 myoblastoma cells; Caspase-3; Cytotoxicity; ZnO nanoparticles