title: Early- and Middle-Term Surgical Outcomes in Patients with Heterotaxy Syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heterotaxy syndrome is a recognized risk factor for surgical cardiac interventions. We evaluated the early- and middle-term results of a surgical intervention for patients with heterotaxy syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 42 patients with heterotaxy syndrome were enrolled (September 2008 to March 2015). Left and right atrial isomerism were identified in 26% (11 out of 42) and 74% of patients (31 out of 42), respectively. The median age of the patients at the time of surgery was 6.8 months (range: 5 days to 22.3 years). Biventricular repair was completed in 3 patients with left atrial isomerism. Seventeen out of 39 patients who were scheduled for single ventricular repair completed a modified Fontan procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hospital mortality rate was 4.7% (2 out of 42). Another 5 deaths occurred in the remaining survivors following hospital discharge with a follow-up duration of 45.8 ± 23.6 months (range: 13-111 months). The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 88.1% (37/42) and 83.3% (35/42), respectively. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis identified pulmonary venous obstruction and atrioventricular valve replacement as additional risk factors for mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Right ventricular bypass surgery remains the preferred palliative procedure for patients with heterotaxy syndrome. Based on the current results, the early- and middle-term outcomes are satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Weidan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hujun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Shengchun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yuansheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D018729:Fontan Procedure / Q000379:methods; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000601:surgery; D059446:Heterotaxy Syndrome / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult