title: 4D microvascular imaging based on ultrafast Doppler tomography.
abstract: 4D ultrasound microvascular imaging was demonstrated by applying ultrafast Doppler tomography (UFD-T) to the imaging of brain hemodynamics in rodents. In vivo real-time imaging of the rat brain was performed using ultrasonic plane wave transmissions at very high frame rates (18,000 frames per second). Such ultrafast frame rates allow for highly sensitive and wide-field-of-view 2D Doppler imaging of blood vessels far beyond conventional ultrasonography. Voxel anisotropy (100 μm × 100 μm × 500 μm) was corrected for by using a tomographic approach, which consisted of ultrafast acquisitions repeated for different imaging plane orientations over multiple cardiac cycles. UFT-D allows for 4D dynamic microvascular imaging of deep-seated vasculature (up to 20 mm) with a very high 4D resolution (respectively 100 μm × 100 μm × 100 μm and 10 ms) and high sensitivity to flow in small vessels (>1 mm/s) for a whole-brain imaging technique without requiring any contrast agent. 4D ultrasound microvascular imaging in vivo could become a valuable tool for the study of brain hemodynamics, such as cerebral flow autoregulation or vascular remodeling after ischemic stroke recovery, and, more generally, tumor vasculature response to therapeutic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, Paris Sorbonne Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR7587, INSERM U979, Paris, France. Electronic address: charlie.demene@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Charlie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Demené
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, Paris Sorbonne Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR7587, INSERM U979, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tiran
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, INSERM U1130, CNRS UMR8246, University Pierre & Marie Curie UMCR18, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Lim-Anna
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sieu
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, INSERM U1130, CNRS UMR8246, University Pierre & Marie Curie UMCR18, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergel
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, Paris Sorbonne Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR7587, INSERM U979, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gennisson
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, Paris Sorbonne Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR7587, INSERM U979, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pernot
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, Paris Sorbonne Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR7587, INSERM U979, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deffieux
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, INSERM U1130, CNRS UMR8246, University Pierre & Marie Curie UMCR18, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, Paris Sorbonne Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR7587, INSERM U979, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Mickael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*
keywords: 3D rat brain; Blood flow; Microvascular imaging; Tomography; Ultrafast Doppler; Ultrasound imaging; Wiener filter