title: Identify practice gaps in medication education through surveys to patients and physicians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effective communication and education formats between health care providers and patients about medication use are associated with patients' satisfaction, recall of information, and eventually their health status. Limited research exists on physician-delivered education interventions, as well as on whether the current content of medication education and delivery formats satisfies the needs of both patients and physicians. Our objective was to identify the practice gaps regarding medication education content and delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Separate surveys were obtained from ambulatory care patients presenting to the outpatient pharmacy for medication pickups, and physicians working at the hospital clinics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 108 patients completed the patient survey, and 116 hospital clinic physicians completed the physician survey. Female patients had a higher degree of concern regarding medication information compared with male patients (4.04±0.65 versus 3.58±0.66, P=0.001). Physicians were less likely to educate patients regarding their medications' on drug-drug interactions (24.3%), drug-food interactions (24.3%), and what to do about their prescriptions if an adverse reaction is experienced (24.3%) during physician-patient encounters. Patients' most desired education format was physician counseling (82.4%) and the second most desired education format was pharmacist counseling (50.9%). Medication device demonstration (7.0%) was the least used educational format delivered to patients by physicians, and patients would like to see an increased education delivery format through medication device demonstration (Method desired [MD] - Method received [MR] =12.0%). Patients would like to see expanded roles of patient focused handout (MD-MR=22.2%), telephone consultation (21.2%), pharmacist counseling (12.9%), the use of medication database embedded within the hospital information system (12.2%) and device demonstration (12.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study illustrates that there are practice gaps in current medication education both in terms of content and delivery format. The study provided valuable information in designing and implementing future education activities that are drivers of good medication use and adherence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhan-Miao
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Shu-Sen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Suo-Di
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Zhai
keywords: degree of concern; education content; education format; medication adherence; medication education