title: [Fundamentals and Clinical Applications of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Neuropsychiatry].
abstract: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method for stimulation of brain that is based on the ability of a generated magnetic field to penetrate skull and brain meninges, inducing an electric current in the brain tissues that produces neuronal depolarization. TMS can be applied as single pulse of stimulation, pairs of stimuli separated by variable intervals to the same or different brain areas, or as trains of repetitive stimuli at various frequencies. Its mechanism of action is currently unknown. Repetitive TMS can modify the excitability of the cerebral cortex, and has been postulated as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the area of neuropsychiatry. The aim of this article is to review the knowledge of the TMS as regards its basic principles, pathophysiological mechanism, and its usefulness in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Médico, Grupo de Ciencias Neurovasculares, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Mayra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malavera
authors.affiliation: Médico Neurólogo y Epidemiólogo Clínico, Director Neurociencias, Director de la Unidad de Estudios Clínicos, Director Grupo Ciencias Neurovasculares, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia. Electronic address: federicosilva@fcv.org.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: PhD en Neurociencias, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos; Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Médico psiquiatra, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ligia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rueda
authors.affiliation: Médico neurólogo, Especialista en Neurofisiología, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carrillo
keywords: Cortical plasticity; Estimulación magnética; Neurological rehabilitation; Neuromodulación; Neuromodulation; Plasticidad neuronal; Rehabilitación; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; transcraneal