title: Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Black Carbon Deposition to Dated Fennoscandian Arctic Lake Sediments from 1830 to 2010.
abstract: Black carbon (BC) is fine particulate matter produced by the incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels. It has a strong climate warming effect that is amplified in the Arctic. Long-term trends of BC play an important role in assessing the climatic effects of BC and in model validation. However, few historical BC records exist from high latitudes. We present five lake-sediment soot-BC (SBC) records from the Fennoscandian Arctic and compare them with records of spheroidal carbonaceous fly-ash particles (SCPs), another BC component, for ca. the last 120 years. The records show spatial and temporal variation in SBC fluxes. Two northernmost lakes indicate declining values from 1960 to the present, which is consistent with modeled BC deposition and atmospheric measurements in the area. However, two lakes located closer to the Kola Peninsula (Russia) have recorded increasing SBC fluxes from 1970 to the present, which is likely caused by regional industrial emissions. The increasing trend is in agreement with a Svalbard ice-core-BC record. The results suggest that BC deposition in parts of the European Arctic may have increased over the last few decades, and further studies are needed to clarify the spatial extent of the increasing BC values and to ascertain the climatic implications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Meri M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ruppel
authors.forename: Örjan
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.affiliation: Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London , London, WC1E 6BT United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Neil L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Antto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pesonen
authors.affiliation: Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London , London, WC1E 6BT United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Handong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weckström
authors.forename: Vesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Palonen
authors.forename: Markku J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oinonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Atte
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korhola
mesh_terms: D001110:Arctic Regions; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D060106:Lakes; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012426:Russia; D053260:Soot / Q000032:analysis*; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D013538:Svalbard
chemical_list: D005579:Fossil Fuels; D052638:Particulate Matter; D053260:Soot; D002244:Carbon