title: [Optimized thiopurine treatment in chronic inflammatory bowel disease].
abstract: Thiopurines are effective in maintaining remission in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, but incomplete response or side effects are common during standard-dose treatment. In this article thiopurine metabolism and pharmacogenetic aspects are summarized showing their benefits in improving therapy in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. An increasing body of evidence suggests that a large part of the observed non-pancreatic side effects and poor responses can be solved by tailoring thiopurine therapy using measurement of thiopurine methyltransferase and metabolites and by using a combination therapy with low-dose thiopurines and allopurinol.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiszka-Kanowitz
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Theede
authors.forename: Anette Mertz
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000493:Allopurinol; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D008780:Methyltransferases; D001379:Azathioprine