title: Foveal hemorrhage in an immunocompetent patient with visceral leishmaniasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of foveal and macular intraretinal hemorrhages in an immunocompetent male patient with visceral leishmaniasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  An immunocompetent, 42 year-old male, presented with progressive visual loss and metamorphopsia in his right eye. The fundus examination showed a foveal round yellow lesion and intraretinal hemorrhages in the macula. The patient was hospitalized with fever, anorexia, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive anemia. Laboratory studies were conducted and a positive test for leishmaniasis and hepatitis A was reported. Treatment was begun with amphotericin B 50mg/day up to a total dose of 1400mg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral retinal hemorrhages in an endemic country could suggest the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Fundación Visión, Fernando de la Mora, Asunción, Paraguay. Electronic address: pablocibils@gmail.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cibils Farrés
authors.affiliation: Fundación Visión, Fernando de la Mora, Asunción, Paraguay.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bedoya Ayala
authors.affiliation: Fundación Visión, Fernando de la Mora, Asunción, Paraguay.
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Burga Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Fundación Visión, Fernando de la Mora, Asunción, Paraguay.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zegarra Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Centro Privado de Ojos Romagosa, Fundación VER, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Fundación Visión, Fernando de la Mora, Asunción, Paraguay.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Velazco Casapía
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D004285:Dogs; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005584:Fovea Centralis; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010239:Paraguay; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012607:Scotoma / Q000209:etiology; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: Estado inmunocompetente; Foveal hemorrhage; Hemorragia foveal; Hemorragias intrarretinales; Immunocompetent status; Intraretinal hemorrhages; Leishmaniasis visceral; Visceral leishmaniasis