title: Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor from southern Vietnam in 2010 was molecularly distinct from that present from 1999 to 2004.
abstract: The Vibrio cholerae O1 (VCO1) El Tor biotype appeared during the seventh cholera pandemic starting in 1961, and new variants of this biotype have been identified since the early 1990s. This pandemic has affected Vietnam, and a large outbreak was reported in southern Vietnam in 2010. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analyses (MLVA) were used to screen 34 VCO1 isolates from the southern Vietnam 2010 outbreak (23 patients, five contact persons, and six environmental isolates) to determine if it was genetically distinct from 18 isolates from outbreaks in southern Vietnam from 1999 to 2004, and two isolates from northern Vietnam (2008). Twenty-seven MLVA types and seven PFGE patterns were identified. Both analyses showed that the 2008 and 2010 isolates were distinctly clustered and separated from the 1999-2004 isolates.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Diep
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: C D H
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: T Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: N T N
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology,National Institute for Hygiene and Epidemiology,Hanoi,Vietnam.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: Q K
authors.initials: QK
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology,National Institute for Hygiene and Epidemiology,Hanoi,Vietnam.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa,Institute of Tropical Medicine,Nagasaki University,Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ehara
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology I,National Institute of Infectious Diseases,Tokyo,Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Disease Research in Asia and Africa,Institute of Tropical Medicine,Nagasaki University,Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Enteric Bacteria,Pasteur Institute,Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.
authors.forename: L T P
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology I,National Institute of Infectious Diseases,Tokyo,Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izumiya
mesh_terms: D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000235:genetics*; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Cholera; molecular epidemiology