title: [Predictors of cognitive impairment in population over 64 years institutionalized and non-institutionalized].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Describe the factors which can be associated with cognitive impairment in institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 200 people aged over 64 in Huelva (Spain) in 2014. Of these, 100 people were institutionalized in a residential facility and 100 were not. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-35), basic activities of daily living by Barthel index, general health through the Goldberg GHQ-28 and social, clinical and behavioural variables were contemplated in the study. The association of cognitive impairment with all the variables was analysed using Chi-square test. Finally, a multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression to identify possible joint influence of variables to study on the cognitive impairment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of cognitive impairment in those institutionalized was 47%, higher than that of non-institutionalized group which was only 8% (p<.001). The dependence for basic activities for daily living and learning activities were the only variables in both groups which were associated with the cognitive impairment. Institutionalization (OR=5.368), age (OR=1.066) and dependence for basic activities (OR=5.036) were negatively associated with CI, while learning activities (OR=.227) were associated in a positive way.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conducting learning activities and the promotion of personal autonomy can delay cognitive impairment in older people. It is important to include cognitive stimulation programs aimed at the old population, especially in residential institutions.
authors.affiliation: Delegación de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales, Huelva, España. Electronic address: totiliano@ono.com.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leiva-Saldaña
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Huelva , Huelva, España.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Ramos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Experimental y Social, Universidad de Huelva, , Huelva, España.
authors.forename: José Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: León-Jariego
authors.affiliation: Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Distrito Huelva Costa , Huelva, España.
authors.forename: Leopoldo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Palacios-Gómez
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization; D013030:Spain
keywords: Aging; Alzheimer disease; Demencia; Dementia; Dependence; Dependencia; Enfermedad de Alzheimer; Envejecimiento; Institucionalización; Institutionalization