title: Bioinspired Hydroxyapatite/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Composite with a Nacre-Mimetic Architecture by a Bidirectional Freezing Method.
abstract: Using a bidirectional freezing technique, combined with uniaxial pressing and in situ polymerization, "nacre-mimetic" hydroxyapatite/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites are developed by processing large-scale aligned lamellar ceramic scaffolds. Structural and mechanical characterization shows "brick-and-mortar" structures, akin to nacre, with interesting combinations of strength, stiffness, and work of fracture, which provide a pathway to making strong and tough lightweight materials.
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Flynn
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gludovatz
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.|Laboratoire de Physique des Surfaces et Interfaces, Université de Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delattre
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Caili
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Antoni P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Tomsia
authors.affiliation: Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Robert O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Ritchie
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005615:Freezing; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D060734:Nacre; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D060734:Nacre; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: biomimetic composites; freeze casting; ice nucleation; nacre