title: [Guillain-Barré syndrome in infancy: The importance of electroneuromyography].
abstract: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is rare in infancy, and the diagnosis of atypical forms is difficult in this age range. The main differential diagnoses include congenital neuropathy. Biological and electrophysiological investigations remain important to confirm diagnosis and start treatment quickly. We report the case of an 8-month-old boy who presented with acquired hypotonia due to progressive descending limb paralysis, predominant in the upper limbs, associated with unexplained severe neutropenia. GBS was diagnosed thanks to the association of albuminocytologic dissociation on cerebrospinal fluid and demyelinating sensomotor polyradiculoneuropathy on electroneuromyography. Only one cycle of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins was sufficient to achieve complete recovery after 1 year. Physicians should know that atypical forms of GBS exist in infants, in order to recognize the syndrome, rule out differential diagnoses, and start treatment as soon as possible. Medical follow-up remains important before and after remission, especially in infants, to identify relapses, which might be the symptom of a genetic neuropathy or a chronic inflammatory disease.
authors.affiliation: Service de neuropédiatrie, hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 26, avenue Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France. Electronic address: meryl_vedrenne@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vedrenne-Cloquet
authors.affiliation: Service de neuropédiatrie, hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 26, avenue Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France; Centre de référence de l'Est parisien des maladies neuromusculaires, 75012 Paris, France; DHU i2B (inflammation-immunopathologie-biothérapie), 75012 Paris, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maincent
authors.affiliation: Service de neuropédiatrie, hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 26, avenue Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France; Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie Paris 6, 75012 Paris, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Billette de Villemeur
authors.affiliation: Service de neuropédiatrie, hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 26, avenue Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France; Centre de référence de l'Est parisien des maladies neuromusculaires, 75012 Paris, France; DHU i2B (inflammation-immunopathologie-biothérapie), 75012 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D003943:Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological; D004576:Electromyography; D020275:Guillain-Barre Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male