title: The mRNA Expression Status of Dopamine Receptor D2, Dopamine Receptor D3 and DARPP-32 in T Lymphocytes of Patients with Early Psychosis.
abstract: Peripheral blood lymphocytes are an attractive tool because there is accumulating evidence indicating that lymphocytes may be utilized as a biomarker in the field of psychiatric study as they could reveal the condition of cells distributed in the brain. Here, we measured the mRNA expression status of dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), DRD3, and dopamine and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate regulated phosphoprotein-32 (DARPP-32) in T lymphocytes of patients with early psychosis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and explored the relationships between their mRNA levels and the psychopathological status of patients. The present study demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of DRD3 in T lymphocytes were significantly different among controls, and in patients with psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) and schizophrenia/schizophreniform disorder. However, no significant differences in mRNA expression levels of DRD2 and DARPP-32 were found among the three groups. We found a significant positive correlation between the DRD2 mRNA level and the score of the excited factor of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in patients with schizophrenia/schizophreniform disorder. These findings suggest that DRD3 mRNA levels may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker differentiating patients with early psychosis from controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. cuiyin61@jbnu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. cuiyin61@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. vvprabhu@jbnu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. vvprabhu@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Vishwanath
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. 201555433@jbnu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. 201555433@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Thong Ba
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. binod3aug@jbnu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. binod3aug@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Binod Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. chungyc@jbnu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. chungyc@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C581293:DRD2 protein, human; C493593:DRD3 protein, human; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; C497928:PPP1R1B protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3
keywords: DARPP-32; DRD2; DRD3; T lymphocytes; early psychosis; mRNA