title: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor: educational value of an incorrect diagnosis at contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
abstract: Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rare lesion that is frequently confused with malignant tumors. According to the latest guidelines on contrast-enhanced ultrasound, hypoenhancement of solid lesions in the portal and late phases corresponds to the wash-out phenomenon that characterizes malignancies. IPT may show rapid arterial enhancement and portal or late phase hypoenhancement, falsely suggesting malignancy. We report a case of a diagnostic error in which a multifocal IPT was misdiagnosed as hepatic metastases. The IPT developed after an endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was investigated by close follow-up with CEUS and contrast-enhanced CT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Medical Biosciences, Biostructures and Bioimmages Institution (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), University Federico II of Napoli (UNINA), via S. Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guarino
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Medical Biosciences, Biostructures and Bioimmages Institution (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), University Federico II of Napoli (UNINA), via S. Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy. an.cor@hotmail.it.|Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy. an.cor@hotmail.it.|, Via B. Croce n. 82, 81033, Casal di Principe, CE, Italy. an.cor@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corvino
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Medical Biosciences, Biostructures and Bioimmages Institution (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), University Federico II of Napoli (UNINA), via S. Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corvino
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatic Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amore
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrillo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006104:Granuloma, Plasma Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Contrast-enhanced sonography; Diagnostic error; Focal liver lesion; Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor