title: Use of echocardiographic subxiphoid five-sixth area length (bullet) method in evaluation of adequacy of borderline left ventricle in hypoplastic left heart complex.
abstract: Indexed left ventricular end-diastolic volume (ILVEDV) is commonly used in evaluating "borderline left ventricle (LV)" in hypoplastic left heart complex (HLHC) to determine if the LV can sustain adequate systemic cardiac output. Commonly used quantification methods include biplane Simpson or the traditional five-sixth area length "bullet" methods, which have been shown to underestimate true LV volumes, when septal position is mildly abnormal. Subxiphoid five-sixth area length method is proposed as a more accurate estimate of true LV volume in the evaluation of borderline LV.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Justin T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Tretter
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Sujata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakravarti
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Puneet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhatla
keywords: Echocardiography; hypoplastic left heart syndrome; left ventricle