title: Comparison of virulence between Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii using Galleria mellonella as a host model.
abstract: Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis, endemic in Latin America. The etiologic agents of this mycosis are composed of 2 species: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii. Murine animal models are the gold standard for in vivo studies; however, ethical, economical and logistical considerations limit their use. Galleria mellonella is a suitable model for in vivo studies of fungal infections. In this study, we compared the virulence of P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii in G. mellonella model. The deaths of larvae infected with P. brasiliensis or P. lutzii were similar, and both species were able to reduce the number of hemocytes, which were estimated by microscopy and flow cytometer. Additionally, the phagocytosis percentage was similar for both species, but when we analyze hemocyte-Paracoccidioides spp. interaction using flow cytometer, P. lutzii showed higher interactions with hemocytes. The gene expression of gp43 as well as this protein was higher for P. lutzii, and this expression may contribute to a greater adherence to hemocytes. These results helped us evaluate the behavior of Paracoccidioides spp in G. mellonella, which is a convenient model for investigating the host-Paracoccidioides spp. interaction.
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scorzoni
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Alves
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Paula e Silva
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Junya de Lacorte
authors.initials: Jde L
authors.lastname: Singulani
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Sangalli
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Haroldo Cesar
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosangela Aparecida Moraes
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Marisa
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fusco-Almeida
authors.affiliation: a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas; UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; Campus Araraquara; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Núcleo de Proteômica ; Laboratório de Micologia Clínica ; Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria José Soares
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mendes-Giannini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D009036:Moths; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: C103180:43 kDa protein, Paracoccidioides; D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins
keywords: Galleria mellonella; Paracoccidioides spp; adhesin; adhesion; gp43; hemocyte; virulence