title: Does the How Mediate the Why? A Multiple Replication Examination of Drinking Motives, Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies, and Alcohol Outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study attempted to assess the evidence of use of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) as a mediator in the relationship between drinking motives and alcohol outcomes. Specifically, to understand various statistical approaches in modeling this proposed mediation model (e.g., drinking motives to PBS use to alcohol outcomes), we tried to replicate models based on earlier research.
  
  
  METHODS
  To maximize the robustness of our replication attempts, we conducted each replication attempt across two distinct data sets whenever possible. Participants were recruited from psychology department research pools at a large southeastern U.S. university (Sample 1; n = 774) and a large southwestern U.S. university (Sample 2; n = 594). We matched the original articles' analytic procedures as closely as possible including overall analysis approach, measurement of variables, and inclusion/exclusion criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consistent with previous studies, we found that PBS use may be a mechanism through which both positively reinforcing (i.e., social and enhancement) motives and coping motives relate to alcohol outcomes (e.g., alcohol-related consequences). Specifically, students who tend to drink for these specific motives appear to use fewer PBS, which may place them at risk for heavier, more problematic drinking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that when drinking motives are examined separately, they demonstrate differential relationships with PBS use and alcohol outcomes. Overall, it is clear that PBS use plays a role in the drinking motives-alcohol outcomes relationship, but this role varies by type of motive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.
authors.forename: Adrian J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.affiliation: Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.affiliation: Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pearson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D015144:Southeastern United States; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult