title: Dydrogesterone vs progesterone for luteal-phase support: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of dydrogesterone and progesterone for luteal-phase support (LPS) in women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a systematic review to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by searching the following electronic databases: Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN Registry and WHO ICTRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The last search was performed in October 2015. Eight RCTs were considered eligible and were included in the review and meta-analyses. There was no relevant difference between oral dydrogesterone and vaginal progesterone for LPS with respect to rate of ongoing pregnancy (risk ratio (RR), 1.04 (95% CI, 0.92-1.18); I(2) , 0%; seven RCTs, 3134 women), clinical pregnancy (RR, 1.07 (95% CI, 0.93-1.23); I(2) , 34%; eight RCTs, 3809 women) or miscarriage (RR, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.53-1.10); I(2) , 0%; seven RCTs, 906 clinical pregnancies). Two of the three studies reporting on dissatisfaction of treatment identified lower levels of dissatisfaction among women using oral dydrogesterone than among women using vaginal progesterone (oral dydrogesterone vs vaginal progesterone capsules: 2/79 (2.5%) vs 90/351 (25.6%), respectively; oral dydrogesterone vs vaginal progesterone gel: 19/411 (4.6%) vs 74/411 (18.0%), respectively). The third study showed no difference in dissatisfaction rate (oral dydrogesterone vs vaginal progesterone capsules: 8/96 (8.3%) vs 8/114 (7.0%), respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral dydrogesterone seems to be as effective as vaginal progesterone for LPS in ART cycles, and appears to be better tolerated . Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: M W P
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ferriani
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Nastri
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D004394:Dydrogesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004394:Dydrogesterone
keywords: assisted reproductive technique; dydrogesterone; infertility; luteal-phase supplementation; progesterone