title: Genetic testing and genomic analysis: a debate on ethical, social and legal issues in the Arab world with a focus on Qatar.
abstract: In 2013 both Saudi Arabia and Qatar launched genome projects with the aim of providing information for better diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases and, ultimately to realize personalized medicine by sequencing hundred thousands samples. These population based genome activities raise a series of relevant ethical, legal and social issues general, related to the specific population structure as well as to the Islamic perspective on genomic analysis and genetic testing. To contribute to the debate, the Authors after reviewing the existing literature and taking advantage of their professional experience in the field and in the geographic area, discuss and provide their opinions. In particular, the Authors focus on the impact of consanguinity on population structure and disease frequency in the Arab world, on genetic testing and genomic analysis (i.e. technical aspects, impact, etc.) and on their regulations. A comparison between the Islamic perspective and the ethical, social and legal issues raised in other population contexts is also carried. In conclusion, this opinion article with an up-to-date contribution to the discussion on the relevance and impact of genomic analysis and genetic testing in the Arab world, might help in producing specific national guidelines on genetic testing and genomic analysis and help accelerate the implementation and roll out of genome projects in Muslim countries and more specifically in Qatar, and other countries of the Gulf.
authors.affiliation: Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar. helshanti@qf.org.qa.
authors.forename: Hatem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Shanti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar. loc2008@qatar-med.cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Lotfi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chouchane
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. rbadii@hamad.qa.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Badii
authors.affiliation: Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), College of Sciences and Engineering, Life Sciences Division, Doha, Qatar. igallouzi@qf.org.qa.
authors.forename: Imed Eddine
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Gallouzi
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar. paolo.gasparini@burlo.trieste.it.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gasparini
mesh_terms: D003241:Consanguinity; D005820:Genetic Testing; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam; D011780:Qatar; D012529:Saudi Arabia