title: Cationic nanogels as Trojan carriers for disruption of endosomes.
abstract: The comparison study of interaction of linear poly(2-dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate and its cationic nanogels of various cross-linking with both DNA and sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) has been performed. Although all amino groups of the nanogels proved to be susceptible for protonation, their accessibility for ion pairing with the polyanions was controlled and impaired with the cross-linking. The investigation of nanogels complexes with cells in culture that was accomplished by using of calcein pH-sensitive probe revealed a successive increase in the cytoplasmic fluorescence upon the growth in the cross-linking due to calceine leakage from acidic compartments to cytosol. This regularity implies that amino groups which are buried presumably inside the nanogel are protected against the ion-pairing with polyanions of plasma membrane and hence are able to manifest buffer properties while captured into acidic endosomes, i.e. possess lyso/endosomolytic capacity. These findings suggest that network architecture makes an important contribution to proton sponge properties of weak polycations.
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Chemistry, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 3, Moscow 119991,Russia; I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Malyi Kazennyi pereulok 5a, Moscow 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Ekaterina D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Maximova
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Chemistry, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 3, Moscow 119991,Russia.
authors.forename: Marina V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Zhiryakova
authors.affiliation: I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Malyi Kazennyi pereulok 5a, Moscow 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Evgenyi B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Faizuloev
authors.affiliation: I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Malyi Kazennyi pereulok 5a, Moscow 105064, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexandra A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nikonova
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Physics, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 2, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ezhov
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Chemistry, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 3, Moscow 119991,Russia; A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Vladimir A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Izumrudov
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chermical Biology, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 40, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Victor N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Orlov
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Chemistry, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 3, Moscow 119991,Russia.
authors.forename: Irina D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Grozdova
authors.affiliation: M.V Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Chemistry, GSP-1, Leninskie gory 1, build. 3, Moscow 119991,Russia. Electronic address: melik.nubarov@genebee.msu.ru.
authors.forename: Nickolay S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Melik-Nubarov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002412:Cations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D011992:Endosomes; D005453:Fluorescence; D005782:Gels; D049329:Nanostructures
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D005782:Gels
keywords: Accessibility of amino groups; Poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) nanogels; Polycomplexes; Proton sponge mechanism