title: Sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate signalling pathway as a potential therapeutic target of pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by extensive vascular remodelling, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and eventual death due to right heart failure. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension involves vascular endothelial dysfunction and disordered vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, but the exact processes remain unknown. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lysophospholipid involved in a wide spectrum of biological processes. S1P has been shown to regulate VSMC proliferation and migration and vascular tension via a family of five S1P G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-SIP5). S1P has been shown to have both a vasoconstrictive and vasodilating effect. The S1P receptors S1P1 and S1P3 promote, while S1P2 inhibits VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro in response to S1P. Moreover, it has been reported recently that sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P2 inhibitors might be useful therapeutic agents in the treatment of empirical pulmonary hypertension. The sphingosine kinase 1/S1P signalling pathways may play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Modulation of this pathway may offer novel therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Qian
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xuan
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Li-Qiong
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Li-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Rong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: First Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: Pulmonary hypertension; endothelial dysfunction; pulmonary vascular remodelling; sphingosine 1-phosphate; vascular smooth muscle cell