title: Lentil and Kale: Complementary Nutrient-Rich Whole Food Sources to Combat Micronutrient and Calorie Malnutrition.
abstract: Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a nutritious food and a staple for millions of people. Not only are lentils a good source of energy, they also contain a range of micronutrients and prebiotic carbohydrates. Kale (Brassica oleracea v. acephala) has been considered as a health food, but its full range of benefits and composition has not been extensively studied. Recent studies suggest that foods are enrich in prebiotic carbohydrates and dietary fiber that can potentially reduce risks of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Lentil and kale added to a cereal-based diet would enhance intakes of essential minerals and vitamins to combat micronutrient malnutrition. This review provides an overview of lentil and kale as a complementary nutrient-rich whole food source to combat global malnutrition and calorie issues. In addition, prebiotic carbohydrate profiles and the genetic potential of these crops for further micronutrient enrichment are briefly discussed with respect to developing sustainable and nutritious food systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. megan.migliozzi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Migliozzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. dthavar@clemson.edu.
authors.forename: Dil
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thavarajah
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. rajah.thava@gmail.com.|International College Beijing, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 10083, China. rajah.thava@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pushparajah
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thavarajah
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. JPSMTH@clemson.edu.|CUCES-Lexington County, 605 W. Main St. Ste. 109, Lexington, SC 29072, USA. JPSMTH@clemson.edu.
authors.forename: Powell
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D027806:Lens Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy*
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients; D056692:Prebiotics
keywords: biofortification; kale; lentils; micronutrient malnutrition; obesity; prebiotic carbohydrates