title: Placental stem cells.
abstract: The placenta represents a reservoir of progenitor, stem cells and epithelial cells that have been shown to differentiate into various types, including adipogenic, osteogenic, myogenic, hepatogenic, cardiac, pancreatic, endothelial, pulmonary and neurogenic lineages. This review focuses on the properties of placenta-derived cells, and it evaluates their current therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine and cell transplantations. Ongoing clinical and preclinical studies are investigating the safety and efficacy of the human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) and chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells (hCMSCs). The establishment of biobanks for placental stem cells will enable the translation of scientific research into the clinic. The advantage of the placenta as a cellular source is that it contains different cell lineages, such as the haematopoietic lineage that originates from the chorion, allantois and yolk sac, and the mesenchymal lineage that originates from the chorion and amnion. In this review, we address advances in placental stem cell characterization, and we explore their possible uses in cell therapy.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK. Electronic address: eleni.antoniadou.09@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Antoniadou
authors.affiliation: Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK. Electronic address: a.david@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Anna L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: David
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells
keywords: biobanking; chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells (hCMSCs); human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs); human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs); placental stem cells