title: Characteristics and Risk Factors for Type 2 Endoleak in an East Asian Population From a Japanese Multicenter Database.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinically distinct differences exist between East Asian and Caucasian subjects, but data for type 2 endoleak (T2EL) are limited in the East Asian population. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of East Asian T2EL using a Japanese multicenter database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Retrospective analysis of 832 endovascular aneurysm repairs performed from 2008 to 2014 were conducted. T2EL was observed in 234 cases (28.1%), and in 32 cases (3.8%) it led to sac expansion >5 mm caused by isolated T2EL (median follow-up, 35.6 months). On univariate and multivariate analysis, non-smoker status (odds ratio [OR], 2.216; P<0.001), Excluder stent graft (OR, 2.027; P<0.001), and T2EL at final angiogram (OR, 2.080; P<0.001) were risk factors for T2EL. On multivariate analysis for isolated T2EL with sac expansion, only non-smoker status remained (OR, 2.671; P<0.001). Other than T1EL, isolated T2EL was the most significant risk factor for sac expansion (OR, 18.486; P<0.001). Furthermore, out of 11 transarterial embolization procedures initiated, 4 led to rupture during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  East Asian T2EL had a strong relationship with non-smoker status. Also, T2EL was a significant risk factor for sac expansion, which sometimes led to rupture even after intervention. Along with the high prevalence of T2EL observed, East Asian T2EL may not always be benign.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Obara
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watada
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibutani
authors.forename: Takurin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D044466:Asian People; D016208:Databases, Factual; D057867:Endoleak / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044465:White People