title: [Investigation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of different doses of aminophylline in very low birth weight infants].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of different doses of aminophylline in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with different postmenstrual ages, weights, and ages (in days).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 VLBW infants with apnea were enrolled. After an intravenous loading dose of 5 mg/kg aminophylline, they were randomized into two groups with different maintenance doses of aminophylline (1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, once every 8 hours). Blood concentrations of aminophylline and liver and renal functions were monitored at 8 hours, 3 days, and 7 days after the loading dose. Attacks of apnea were documented. Pharmacokinetic data of aminophylline were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The steady-state plasma concentration of aminophylline and plasma clearance in the 2 mg/kg group were significantly higher than those in the 1 mg/kg group (P<0.05). However, the elimination half life was shorter in the 2 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Days of apnea attacks within 7 days after birth in the 2 mg/kg group were significantly fewer than in the 1 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Aminophylline plasma clearance was positively correlated with age (in days) after birth and postmenstrual age in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In VLBW infants, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are different when different maintenance doses of aminophylline are given. The maintenance dose of 2 mg/kg is associated with a better effect in the treatment of apnea. Postmenstrual age and age (in days) should be considered during the adjustment of dose, and routine blood concentration monitoring should be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. shijing4556@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jin-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Da-Peng
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: De-Zhi
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Mu
mesh_terms: D000628:Aminophylline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001049:Apnea / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000628:Aminophylline