title: The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gallstone Among Adults in South-East of Iran: A Population-Based Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and possible risk factors of gallstone disease in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross sectional study was carried out on a total of 1522 males and females aged ≥30 years in Zahedan district, South-East of Iran. Data were collected by a validated questionnaire and gallstone diagnosis was assessed by an experienced radiologist using ultrasonography. Logistic regression model was used to identify the association between selected variables and gallstone disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of gallstone in participants was 2.4%. The risk of gallstone was 2.60 times higher in people age 45 and older than those aged 30 - 44 years (Odds Ratio = 2.60, 95% CI; 1.22 - 5.55). Females were 2.73 (95% CI; 1.34 - 5.56) times more likely to have disease compared to males as well. The risk in unmarried individuals was also three times higher than married ones (OR = 2.99: 95% CI 1.02 - 9.16). Additionally, daily physical activity reduced the risk of gallstone disease by 66% (95% CI; 0.18 - 0.86).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, increasing age and female gender were risk factors, whereas daily physical activity and marriage identified as protective factors in aetiology of gallstone disease.
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran.. ansarialireza@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ansari-Moghaddam
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khorram
authors.forename: Mahmodreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miri-Bonjar
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ansari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography