title: Carboxymethyl starch/montmorillonite composite microparticles: Properties and controlled release of isoproturon.
abstract: Preparation of novel high substituted carboxymethyl starch-based microparticles containing sodium montmorillonite (MMT) by crosslinking with Al(3+) was described. For preparing nanocomposite granules carboxymethyl starch (CMS) from native potato starch as well as CMS from amylopectin has been used. The hydrophilic CMS/MMT composite systems were used for herbicide, i.e. isoproturon encapsulation (ca. 75% encapsulation efficiency). The herbicide release rate from CMS/MMT composites in water was significantly reduced when compared to commercial isoproturon: 95% released after ca. 700 h and ca. 24h, respectively. Leaching in soil from composite systems was relatively slower than release in water. After a series of eight irrigations leached about 10% of isoproturon loaded. The CMS/MMT carriers could reduce the potential leaching of herbicide and beneficially reduce pollution of the environment.
authors.affiliation: Polymer Institute, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland. Electronic address: kwilpi@zut.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilpiszewska
authors.affiliation: Polymer Institute, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland. Electronic address: Tadeusz.Spychaj@zut.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Spychaj
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemical Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland. Electronic address: Waldemar.Pazdzioch@zut.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Paździoch
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry; D001546:Bentonite / Q000737:chemistry*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D008863:Microspheres; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D013213:Starch / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; D001546:Bentonite; C028904:isoproturon; D013213:Starch; C034848:carboxymethyl starch; D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Carboxymethyl starch; Encapsulation; Isoproturon; Microparticles; Sodium montmorillonite