title: The Headscarf Effect Revisited: Further Evidence for a Culture-Based Internal Face Processing Advantage.
abstract: Encoding the internal features of unfamiliar faces poses a perceptual challenge that occasionally results in face recognition errors. Extensive experience with faces framed by a headscarf may, however, enhance perceivers' ability to process internal facial information. To examine this claim empirically, participants in the United Arab Emirates and the United States of America completed a standard part-whole face recognition task. Accuracy on the task was examined using a 2 (perceiver culture: Emirati vs American) x 2 (face race: Arab vs white) x 2 (probe type: part vs whole) x 3 (probe feature: eyes vs nose vs mouth) mixed-measures analysis of variance. As predicted, Emiratis outperformed Americans on the administered task. Although their recognition advantage occurred regardless of probe type, it was most pronounced for Arab faces and for trials that captured the processing of nose or mouth information. The findings demonstrate that culture-based experiences hone perceivers' face processing skills.
authors.affiliation: New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zayed University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
authors.forename: Sophia C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Weissgerber
authors.affiliation: New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazemini
authors.affiliation: New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
authors.forename: Israr
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ul-Haq
authors.affiliation: New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 12A Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TU, UK s.quadflieg@bristol.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quadflieg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005123:Eye; D000066499:Facial Recognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth; D009666:Nose; D014479:United Arab Emirates; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cross-cultural differences; face discrimination; face matching; person identification