title: Fasudil alleviates traumatic optic neuropathy by inhibiting Rho signaling pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study is to investigate the pathological changes in rabbits with traumatic optic neuropathy (TON), as well as the effect of fasudil on the lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 144 New Zealand rabbits were successfully established as TON models. Twelve hours after surgery, the rabbits in control, dexamethasone, and fasudil groups were administrated with saline, dexamethasone, and fasudil via ear veins, respectively. Then, retinas of the rabbits were obtained at 72 h and on days 7, 14 and 21 after surgery. The pathological changes in retina and optic nerves were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. The expression levels of Rho-associated genes were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In control group, the axons were swelling, and mitochondria showed vacuolation after optic nerve crush. Mitochondria were swelled slightly in dexamethasone group. By contrast, nerves in fasudil group were repaired. Retinal ganglion cells in control group were reduced significantly due to optic nerve crush. The loss of retinal ganglion cells was alleviated in fasudil group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that the expression of Rho-associated genes were down-regulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that fasudil inhibits the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and ameliorates damages of optic nerves in traumatic optic neuropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi, P. R. China ; Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Bazhou Region Korla, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianglong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Bazhou Region Korla, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shiying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ruijia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Aba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xinping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luan
keywords: Rho kinase; Traumatic optic neuropathy; pathology