title: A Rhesus Macaque Model of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease.
abstract: In this study, we sought to develop a nonhuman primate model of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected from three female rhesus macaques infected intrabronchially with escalating doses of M. avium subsp. hominissuis. Immunity was determined by measuring cytokine levels, lymphocyte proliferation, and antigen-specific responses. Disease progression was monitored clinically and microbiologically with serial thoracic radiographs, computed tomography scans, and quantitative mycobacterial cultures. The animal subjected to the highest inoculum showed evidence of chronic pulmonary MAC disease. Therefore, rhesus macaques could provide a robust model in which to investigate host-pathogen interactions during MAC infection.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winthrop
authors.affiliation: 2 Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.affiliation: 2 Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Engelmann
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.affiliation: 4 Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
authors.forename: Luiz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bermudez
authors.affiliation: 2 Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California.|4 Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.
authors.forename: Ilhem
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Messaoudi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001706:Biopsy; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Mycobacterium avium; T cells; granuloma; macaque; nontuberculous mycobacteria