title: α-Synuclein pathology in the cranial and spinal nerves in Lewy body disease.
abstract: Accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein in neurons and glial cells is a histological hallmark of Lewy body disease (LBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Recently, filamentous aggregations of phosphorylated α-synuclein have been reported in the cytoplasm of Schwann cells, but not in axons, in the peripheral nervous system in MSA, mainly in the cranial and spinal nerve roots. Here we conducted an immunohistochemical investigation of the cranial and spinal nerves and dorsal root ganglia of patients with LBD. Lewy axons were found in the oculomotor, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal-vagus nerves, but not in the hypoglossal nerve. The glossopharyngeal-vagus nerves were most frequently affected, with involvement in all of 20 subjects. In the spinal nerve roots, Lewy axons were found in all of the cases examined. Lewy axons in the anterior nerves were more frequent and numerous in the thoracic and sacral segments than in the cervical and lumbar segments. On the other hand, axonal lesions in the posterior spinal nerve roots appeared to increase along a cervical-to-sacral gradient. Although Schwann cell cytoplasmic inclusions were found in the spinal nerves, they were only minimal. In the dorsal root ganglia, axonal lesions were seldom evident. These findings indicate that α-synuclein pathology in the peripheral nerves is axonal-predominant in LBD, whereas it is restricted to glial cells in MSA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki.|Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki.
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki.
authors.forename: Kunikazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanji
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Niigata.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Neuroscience, Center for Bioresource-based Researches, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakita
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, University of Niigata, Niigata.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003391:Cranial Nerves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051844:alpha-Synuclein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051844:alpha-Synuclein
keywords: Lewy axon; Parkinson's disease; Schwann cell; dorsal root ganglia; α-synuclein