title: The chemopreventive activity of butyrate-containing structured lipids in experimental rat hepatocarcinogenesis.
abstract: METHODS
  Emerging evidence indicates that the use of bioactive food components is a promising strategy to prevent the development of liver cancer. The goal of this study was to examine the chemopreventive effect of butyrate-containing structured lipids (STLs) produced by an enzymatic interesterification of tributyrin and flaxseed oil on rat hepatocarcinogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male Wistar rats were subjected to a classic "resistant hepatocyte" model of liver carcinogenesis and treated with STLs, tributyrin or flaxseed oil during the initial phases of hepatocarcinogenesis. Treatment with STLs and tributyrin strongly inhibited the development of preneoplastic liver lesions. The chemopreventive activity of tributyrin was associated with the induction of apoptosis and reduction of the expression of major activated hepatocarcinogenesis-related oncogenes. Treatment with STLs caused substantially greater inhibitory effects than tributyrin on oncogene expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that the tumor-suppressing activity of butyrate-containing STLs is associated with its ability to prevent and inhibit activation of major hepatocarcinogenesis-related oncogenes. Enrichment of histone H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 at the promoter of Myc and Ccnd1 genes may be related to the inhibitory effect on oncogene expression in the livers of STL-treated rats.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.|Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heidor
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Conti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kelly S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo E L M
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.|Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.|Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Purgatto
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana N R
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ract
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.|Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio A R
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: de Paiva
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gioielli
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Igor P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Pogribny
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.|Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.|Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009857:Oncogenes; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D006657:Histones; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D020148:Butyric Acid; D008043:Linseed Oil; C005830:tributyrin
keywords: Chemoprevention; Liver carcinogenesis; Rat; Structured lipids; Tributyrin