title: Bisphenol A-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition is mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 up-regulation in human endometrial carcinoma cells.
abstract: Many studies have highlighted the correlation between the increase of bisphenol A (BPA) level in the environment and the incidence of tumor in humans. In human carcinogenesis, the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are closely related with tumor development. In this study, human endometrial carcinoma cells line (RL95-2) was used to investigate whether BPA can induce EMT and COX-2 expression. The results show that BPA increased growth rate and colony-forming efficiency in a dose-dependent manner, induced EMT and COX-2 gene expression and promoted the migration and invasion ability of RL95-2 cells. Furthermore, our study showed that the expression of COX-2 was essential for BPA-induced cell migration and invasion. The results of this study provide new insights into the mechanism of endometrial cancer cell growth and invasion and potential therapeutic strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kai-Hung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Development, NeoAsia, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: An-Pei
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Chia-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ta-Chin
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Kuo General Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address: kgh.stemcell@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tsung-Cheng
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002273:Carcinogens; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010636:Phenols; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol A; Cyclooxygenase-2; Endometrial cancer; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition