title: A 1D model of the arterial circulation in mice.
abstract: At a time of growing concern over the ethics of animal experimentation, mouse models are still an indispensable source of insight into the cardiovascular system and its most frequent pathologies. Nevertheless, reference data on the murine cardiovascular anatomy and physiology are lacking. In this work, we developed and validated an in silico, one dimensional model of the murine systemic arterial tree consisting of 85 arterial segments. Detailed aortic dimensions were obtained in vivo from contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography in 3 male, C57BL/6J anesthetized mice and 3 male ApoE(-/-) mice, all 12-weeks old. Physiological input data were gathered from a wide range of literature data. The integrated form of the Navier-Stokes equations was solved numerically to yield pressures and flows throughout the arterial network. The resulting model predictions have been validated against invasive pressure waveforms and non-invasive velocity and diameter waveforms that were measured in vivo on an independent set of 47 mice. In conclusion, we present a validated one-dimensional model of the anesthetized murine cardiovascular system that can serve as a versatile tool in the field of preclinical cardiovascular research.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aslanidou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.|IBiTech-bioMMeda, Ghent University-IMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trachet
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reymond
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rodrigo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fraga-Silva
authors.affiliation: IBiTech-bioMMeda, Ghent University-IMinds Medical IT, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Segers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stergiopulos
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D023421:Models, Animal; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
keywords: 1D mouse model; contrast-enhanced micro-CT; high-frequency ultrasound; systemic arterial tree; ventricular-vascular coupling