title: Gangrene in Takayasu's arteritis: a report of two cases and review of literature.
abstract: Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a granulomatous large vessel vasculitis more commonly seen in India. The vascular inflammation in TA results in stenoses of affected vessels. Usually this is a slow process with good collateral circulation; only rarely does critical limb ischemia result. We present two patients of TA who presented with gangrene of extremities, and review eight prior such patients reported in the literature. With appropriate diagnosis and treatment with oral corticosteroids and low-dose aspirin, none of our patients had recurrence at a mean follow-up of 3.8 ± 2.8 years. Although rare, TA can present with gangrene and rheumatologists need to be aware of this unusual but limb-threatening manifestation of TA to institute appropriate therapy in a timely manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareily Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India. durgapmisra@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Durga Prasanna
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5035-7396
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareily Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India. abhracnmc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Abhra Chandra
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareily Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India. drhiralal@sgpgi.ac.in.
authors.forename: Hira
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareily Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India. mehrotranamita897@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Namita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohindra
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareily Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 014, India. vikasagr@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D005734:Gangrene; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000925:Anticoagulants; D001241:Aspirin
keywords: Critical limb ischemia; Gangrene; Takayasu’s arteritis