title: Incidence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Molecular Characteristics of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Including Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producers in Retail Chicken Meat.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Salmonella in 100 chicken carcass samples from five integrated broiler operation brands in Korea. Serotypes, antibiotic resistance patterns, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genotype, and clonal divergence using multilocus sequence typing of the isolated strains were analyzed. A total of 42 chicken samples were contaminated with nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolates: 16 isolates (38%) were Salmonella Virchow, 9 (21%) were Salmonella Bareilly, and 8 (19%) were Salmonella Infantis. A multidrug resistance (MDR; resistant to more than three classes of antibiotics) phenotype was observed in 29% of the isolates, which were resistant to five or more classes of antibiotics. The dominant MDR type was resistance to classes of penicillin, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and tetracyclines. All the MDR isolates were positive for ESBL producers, and all but one (with the CTX-M-1 genotype) had the CTX-M-15 genotype. Multilocus sequence typing of the isolates revealed ST16 as the dominant sequence type; Salmonella Virchow, Salmonella Infantis, and Salmonella Richmond were all ST16, indicating a close genetic relationship between these serovars. This is the first study in Korea showing the CTX-M-1 type of NTS and the prevalence of ESBL-producing strains among NTS isolated from retail chicken meat. Our findings suggest that MDR Salmonella contamination is widely prevalent in retail chicken meat, and consumption of inadequately cooked products could lead to dissemination of NTS, which is hazardous to human health.
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dasom
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Microbiology, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA.
authors.forename: Jung-Whan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chon
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hyeon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea. bracstu3@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kun-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008460:Meat / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology*; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001618:beta-Lactamases