title: Sensory modulation of movement, posture and locomotion.
abstract: During voluntary movement, there exists a well known functional sensory attenuation of afferent inputs, which allows us to discriminate between information related to our own movements and those arising from the external environment. This attenuation or 'gating' prevents some signals from interfering with movement elaboration and production. However, there are situations in which certain task-relevant sensory inputs may not be gated. This review begins by identifying the prevalent findings in the literature with specific regard to the somatosensory modality, and reviews the many cases of classical sensory gating phenomenon accompanying voluntary movement and their neural basis. This review also focuses on the newer axes of research that demonstrate that task-specific sensory information may be disinhibited or even facilitated during engagement in voluntary actions. Finally, a particular emphasis will be placed on postural and/or locomotor tasks involving strong somatosensory demands, especially for the setting of the anticipatory postural adjustments observed prior the initiation of locomotion.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix Marseille Université - CNRS, 13331 Marseille cedex 3, France. Electronic address: anahid.saradjian@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Saradjian
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion; D009068:Movement; D004856:Postural Balance; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055139:Sensory Gating; D055698:Touch Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014836:Volition / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Afférences somatosensorielles; Ajustements posturaux anticipés; Anticipatory postural adjustment; Atténuation sensorielle; Balance constraints; Contraintes d’équilibre; Cortex sensorimoteur; Modulation sensorielle tâche-dépendante; Motor planning; Planification du mouvement; Sensorimotor cortex; Sensory gating; Somatosensory afferents; Task-relevant sensory modulation