title: Histological transformation from non-small cell to small cell lung carcinoma after treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
abstract: Several cases of acquired resistance in patients with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation have been reported. However, rare clinical cases exist of a transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) following treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We report a case of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with L858R mutation at the time of diagnosis. After failure of EGFR-TKI therapy, we performed additional histopathologic examinations. We confirmed that the patient had a histological transformation from NSCLC to SCLC. We performed chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin against the SCLC and radiologic findings were improved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea ; Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hayoung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jinsun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea ; Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea ; Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol-Kyu
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea ; Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Jae
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea ; Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea ; Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Jeonnam, Republic of Korea ; Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Duk
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Drug resistance; epidermal growth factor receptor; small cell carcinoma; transformation