title: Newborn Urinary Metabolic Signatures of Prematurity and Other Disorders: A Case Control Study.
abstract: This work assesses the urinary metabolite signature of prematurity in newborns by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, while establishing the role of possible confounders and signature specificity, through comparison to other disorders. Gender and delivery mode are shown to impact importantly on newborn urine composition, their analysis pointing out at specific metabolite variations requiring consideration in unmatched subject groups. Premature newborns are, however, characterized by a stronger signature of varying metabolites, suggestive of disturbances in nucleotide metabolism, lung surfactants biosynthesis and renal function, along with enhancement of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity, fatty acids oxidation, and oxidative stress. Comparison with other abnormal conditions (respiratory depression episode, large for gestational age, malformations, jaundice and premature rupture of membranes) reveals that such signature seems to be largely specific of preterm newborns, showing that NMR metabolomics can retrieve particular disorder effects, as well as general stress effects. These results provide valuable novel information on the metabolic impact of prematurity, contributing to the better understanding of its effects on the newborn's state of health.
authors.affiliation: CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sílvia O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: QOPNA Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: António S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Elisabete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CHUC, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Fátima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Negrão
authors.affiliation: Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CHUC, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pita
authors.affiliation: Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CHUC, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria do Céu
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal and CIMAGO Center for Research in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology, 3000, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Isabel M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Carreira
authors.affiliation: Bruker BioSpin, Silberstreifen, D-76287 Rheinstetten, Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spraul
authors.affiliation: CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D055442:Metabolome; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000652:urine*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000652:urine*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: NMR; large for gestational age; malformations; metabolomics; newborn; prematurity; respiratory depression; urine