title: Improving of Knee Osteoarthritic Symptom by the Local Application of Ginger Extract Nanoparticles: A Preliminary Report with Short Term Follow-Up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An evaluation ofthe efficacy and safety of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) extract nanoparticlefor treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients at the age range of 50 to 75 years old who were diagnosed with OA knee based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) diagnosis criteria were included in the present study. Participants received ginger extract in Nanostructure Lipid Carrier (NLC) rubbed three times a day for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed by Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Index of Severityfor Osteoarthritis (ISOA), and patient's global assessment (PGA). A series of biochemical tests in serum and hematological parameters were established the safety of ginger extract in NLC. The paired t-test was used to compare the score before and after treatment. The comparisons of baseline and the 4-, 8-, and 12-week used repeated ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ginger .extract nanoparticles improved, with statistical significance, the patient's global assessment, knee joint pain, symptoms, daily activities, sports activities, and quality of life measured by KOOS, ISOA, andPGA, following 12 weeks of treatment (p<0.05). There were no safety issues, adverse events, or laboratory values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ginger extract nanoparticles relieves joint pain and improves problematic symptoms and improves the quality of life in osteoarthritis knees during a 12-week treatment.
authors.forename: Punyanut
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amorndoljai
authors.forename: Surasak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taneepanichskul
authors.forename: Sunyarn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niempoog
authors.forename: Ubonthip
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nimmannit
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010146:Pain; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts