title: Protective Effects of Dietary Supplementation with a Combination of Nutrients in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effects of intervention with a combination of nutrients in the amyloid precursor protein-presenilin (APP-PSN) C57BL/6J double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 72 2-month-old APP-PSN mice were randomly assigned to three groups. The model group (MG) was fed regular, unsupplemented chow, while the low- and high-dose treatment groups (LG and HG, respectively) were given a combination of nutrients that included phosphatidylserine, blueberry extracts, docosahexaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid as part of their diet. An additional 24 wild-type littermates that were fed unsupplemented chow served as the negative control group (NG). After 3 and 7 months of treatment, the cognitive performance was assessed with the Morris water maze and the shuttle box escape/avoidance task, and the biochemical parameters and oxidative stress were evaluated in both the blood and brain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An improvement in antioxidant capacity was observed in the treatment groups relative to the MG at 3 months, while superior behavioral test results were observed in the mice of the HG and NG groups. In the MG, pycnosis was detected in neuronal nuclei, and a loss of neurons was observed in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. At 7 months, the β-amyloid1-42 peptide accumulation was significantly elevated in the MG but was markedly lower in the mice fed the nutrient combination. The antioxidant capacity and behavioral test scores were also higher in these mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early intervention with a combination of nutrients should be considered as a strategy for preventing cognitive decline and other symptoms associated with AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Shengyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, YanZhou people's hospital, YanZhou, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Decai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yonghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Qunhong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001835:Body Weight; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018782:Maze Learning; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D053763:Presenilins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D053763:Presenilins; D002802:Cholinesterases; D000109:Acetylcholine