title: Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Current Issues Regarding Diagnosis, Management, and Emerging Treatment Strategies.
abstract: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive cutaneous tumor with a predilection for the head and neck of elderly Caucasian patients. Although much less common than melanoma, MCC has higher rates of sentinel lymph node involvement, local and regional recurrences, and mortality. The majority of MCC cases have been linked to the relatively newly discovered Merkel cell polyomavirus, which is a ubiquitous constituent of the skin flora. Recent discoveries regarding viral integration and carcinogenesis and the immunologic features of MCC have expanded the understanding of MCC. These discoveries have led to the development and application of emerging therapies such as somatostatin analogs, immune checkpoint inhibition, adoptive cell therapy, and other exciting possibilities for targeted therapy.
authors.affiliation: University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
authors.forename: Grace C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Brummer
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East School of Medicine, 4A 330, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
authors.forename: Anneli R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East School of Medicine, 4A 330, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA. glen.bowen@hci.utah.edu.
authors.forename: Glen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bowen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015266:Carcinoma, Merkel Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013004:Somatostatin