title: Agoraphobia With and Without Panic Disorder: A 20-Year Follow-up of Integrated Exposure and Psychodynamic Therapy.
abstract: The aim of the current study was to compare the 20-year outcome in panic disorder with agoraphobia (PD with AG) and agoraphobia without panic disorder (AG without PD) patients after inpatient psychological treatment. Of 53 eligible patients having completed a medication-free integrated exposure and psychodynamic treatment, 38 (71.7%)-25 PD with AG and 13 AG without PD patients-attended 20-year follow-up. AG without PD patients improved less than PD with AG patients did on primary outcome measures. In the PD with AG group, there were large uncontrolled effect sizes (<-2.30). More of the AG without PD patients had avoidant personality disorder at pretreatment, but the presence of this disorder did not predict outcome. The follow-up results support that PD with AG and AG without PD are two different disorders. The results also suggest that the very long-term outcome in PD with AG patients is excellent for this integrated treatment.
authors.affiliation: *Research Institute, Modum Bad, Vikersund; †Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo; and ‡Vestfold University College, Tønsberg, Norway.
authors.forename: Asle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoffart
authors.forename: Liv M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hedley
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Svanøe
authors.forename: Tomas Formo
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Langkaas
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sexton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007171:Implosive Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D064889:Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome