title: Staphylococcal adaptation to diverse physiologic niches: an overview of transcriptomic and phenotypic changes in different biological environments.
abstract: Host niches can differ strongly regarding, for example, oxygen tension, pH or nutrient availability. Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococci are common colonizers of human epithelia as well as important human pathogens. The phenotypes that they show in different host environments, and the corresponding bacterial transcriptomes and proteomes, are currently under intense investigation. In this review, we examine the available literature describing staphylococcal phenotypes, such as expression of virulence factors, gross morphologic characteristics and growth patterns, in various physiological environments. Going forward, these studies will help researchers and clinicians to form an enhanced and more detailed picture of the interactions existing between the host and staphylococci as some of its most frequent colonizers and invaders.
authors.affiliation: Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laborartory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Sana S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dastgheyb
authors.affiliation: Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laborartory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otto
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D004777:Environment; D005502:Food; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010100:Oxygen; D010641:Phenotype; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: gene expression; host–pathogen interaction; niche adaptation; staphylococci