title: Combination of Silver Nanoparticles and Curcumin Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anti-biofilm Activities.
abstract: Biofilm tolerance has become a serious clinical concern in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia owing to the resistance to various antibiotics. There is an urgent need to develop alternative antimicrobial agents or combination drug therapies that are effective via different mechanisms. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been developed as an anti-biofilm agent for the treatment of infections associated with the use of mechanical ventilations, such as endotracheal intubation. Meanwhile curcumin, a phenolic plant extract, has displayed natural anti-biofilm properties through the inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible synergistic/additive interactions of AgNPs and curcumin nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) microorganisms. The combination of AgNPs and Cur-NPs (termed Cur-SNPs) at 100 μg/mL disrupted 50% of established bacterial biofilms (formed on microtiter plates). However, further increase in the concentration of Cur-SNPs failed to effectively eliminate the biofilms. To achieve the same effect, at least 500 μg/mL Cur-NP alone was needed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed that combination therapy (Cur-SNPs) was the most potent to eradicate preformed biofilm compared to monodrug therapy. These agents are also nontoxic to healthy human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS2B).
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia.|Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Ching-Yee
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rohanizadeh
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Traini
authors.affiliation: The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cavaliere
authors.affiliation: The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Cynthia B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Whitchurch
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia.|Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Wing-Hin
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000502:physiology*; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012834:Silver; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; biofilm; combination therapy; nanoparticles