title: [Correlation between antenatal ultrasound and postnatal diagnosis in cleft lip or palate: A retrospective study of 44 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anomalies of the maxillofacial development concern 1 for 700 births. About 30% of prenatal diagnoses of isolated primary cleft palate or associated with a cleft of secondary palate will be corrected in postnatal. This retrospective observational study was designed to compare the antenatal data and postnatal diagnosis regarding a series of clefts.
  
  
  METHODS
  All children born between 1 December 2009 and 31 January 2014 in a prenatal diagnostic reference center and having a cleft palate were included. Newborns with an abnormality associated with the cleft were excluded. A comparison was made between the data in the antenatal ultrasound reports and postnatal those described by the surgeon during surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four children were included and three infants were excluded due to associated anomalies. Of those 41 children, 27 children have been screened. Ultrasound and clinical diagnosis was the same for 23 cases (85.2%) and inaccurate for 4 patients (14.8%). In case of primary cleft palate prenatal diagnosis was performed to 19 cases of 21 (90.5%), but only 8 of 20 if only secondary cleft palate (42.1%) including 7 with a Pierre-Robin sequence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antenatal screening sensitivity of primary and secondary cleft palate increase in recent years with a rate of 85.2% in our series. By contrast, diagnosis of isolated secondary cleft palate seems to be more difficult and 3D ultrasound does not always improve screening performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound 2D seem sufficient for screening of primary and secondary cleft palate. The 3D ultrasound may be useful for a better representation of the cleft for future parents. The same language concerning the classification of the clefts facilitates harmonization of reporting and understanding between professionals. The presence of the maxillofacial surgeon ultrasound room would allow the sonographer to direct its ultrasound accurately or improve its learning curve.
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nantes, quai 38, boulevard Jean-Monnet, 44093 Nantes cedex, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dochez
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et de stomatologie, CHU de Nantes, quai 38, boulevard Jean-Monnet, 44093 Nantes cedex, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corre
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nantes, quai 38, boulevard Jean-Monnet, 44093 Nantes cedex, France.
authors.forename: A-S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Riteau
authors.affiliation: Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU de Nantes, quai 38, boulevard Jean-Monnet, 44093 Nantes cedex, France. Electronic address: claudine.levaillant@chu-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Vaillant
mesh_terms: D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000601:surgery; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods
keywords: Cleft labial; Cleft palate; Diagnostic prénatal; Fente labiale; Fente palatine; Palais primaire; Palais secondaire; Prenatal diagnosis; Primary palate; Secondary palate; Ultrasons; Ultrasound