title: Genomic and Post-Translational Modification Analysis of Leucine-Rich-Repeat Receptor-Like Kinases in Brassica rapa.
abstract: Among several receptor-like kinases (RLKs), leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) are a major group of genes that play crucial roles in growth, development and stress responses in plant systems. Given that they have several functional roles, it is important to investigate their roles in Brassica rapa. In the present study, 303 LRR-RLKs were identified in the genome of B. rapa and comparative phylogenetic analysis of 1213 combined LRR-RLKs of B. rapa, Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa and Populus trichocarpa helped us to categorize the gene family into 15 subfamilies based on their sequence and structural similarities. The chromosome localizations of 293 genes allowed the prediction of duplicates, and motif conservation and intron/exon patterns showed differences among the B. rapa LRR-RLK (BrLRR-RLK) genes. Additionally, computational function annotation and expression analysis was used to predict their possible functional roles in the plant system. Biochemical results for 11 selected genes showed variations in phosphorylation activity. Interestingly, BrBAK1 showed strong auto-phosphorylation and trans-phosphorylation on its tyrosine and threonine residues compared with AtBAK1 in previous studies. The AtBAK1 receptor kinase is involved in plant growth and development, plant innate immunity, and programmed cell death, and our results suggest that BrBAK1 might also be involved in the same functions. Another interesting result was that BrBAK1, BrBRI1, BrPEPR1 and BrPEPR2 showed activity with both anti-phosphotyrosine and anti-phosphothreonine antibodies, indicating that they might have dual-specificity kinase activity. This study provides comprehensive results for the BrLRR-RLKs, revealing expansion of the gene family through gene duplications, structural similarities and variations among the genes, and potential functional roles according to gene ontology, transcriptome profiling and biochemical analysis.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Jana Jeevan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rameneni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Vignesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dhandapani
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Xiaona
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Su Ryun
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Man-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Pyo
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D029741:Brassica rapa / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D005810:Multigene Family; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D032107:Populus / Q000235:genetics; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000235:genetics*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D008565:Membrane Proteins
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C588365:AT3g23750 protein, Arabidopsis; D008565:Membrane Proteins