title: A novel gastrointestinal microbiome modulator from soy pods reduces absorption of dietary fat in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Simplification of diets, low in variety but high in energy, contributes to the loss in diversity observed in the obese gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome. A novel GI microbiome modulator (GIMM) as a dietary intervention was developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were fed either an obesogenic diet (ObD) or an ObD containing 15% activated soy pod fiber (ObD-ASPF) for 30 days. The diets were isocaloric and balanced for macronutrient content. ASPF is a novel fiber preparation from whole soy pods that is activated to produce glyceollins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice fed ObD-ASPF did not gain body fat. This was associated with decreased absorption of calories (P < 0.05) and increased fecal excretion of triglycerides, which may be attributed to decreased bile acid secretion (P < 0.05). A shift (P < 0.05) in abundances of microbiota in 10 genera was observed. Mice fed ObD-ASPF had elevated plasma concentrations of the anti-inflammatory IL-10 (P < 0.05) and decreased (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A novel dietary intervention derived from soy pods that acts to hinder absorption of dietary fat and glucose in mice was developed. More studies with this GIMM in animal models of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, type 2 diabetes, and autism are needed.
authors.affiliation: Southern Regional Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boué
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Ilana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fortgang
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University Agriculture Center, Louisiana State University College of Agriculture, Alexandria, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.affiliation: Southern Regional Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
authors.affiliation: Tulane Center for Bioenvironmental Research, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burow
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fahey
authors.affiliation: MicroBiome Therapeutics, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Heiman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013025:Glycine max; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D004041:Dietary Fats; D014280:Triglycerides