title: Variation in levels of anxiety to dental treatment among nonorphan and orphan children living under different systems.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is essential to understand the factors influencing the level of anxiety to dental treatment among different children as it can influence seeking dental care. Here, we assessed the impact of parental loss on dental anxiety among 6-13-year-old children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 444 children within the age group 6-13 years were selected. Group 1 consisted of orphan children living in government-run orphanages, Group 2 consisted of orphan children taken care by a person with a motherly relationship, Group 3 consisted of abandoned children living in private organization and Group 4 consisted of children living with their parents. Dental anxiety was measured using children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale and modified faces version of modified child dental anxiety scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest number of anxious children were observed in Group 4 and the difference in the anxiety levels among the four groups was found to be highly statistically significant. Children living in government-run orphanages had least dental anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the orphans may not have the same anxiety levels and the environment of upbringing the orphans plays a significant role in the development of the anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Gitam Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Jayanth
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chikkala
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Gitam Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Srinivas Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chandrabhatla
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Gitam Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Narasimha Rao V
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Vanga
keywords: Children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale; dental anxiety; dental anxiety scales; modified faces version of modified child dental anxiety scale; orphan children