title: Insulin resistance, role of metformin and other non-insulin therapies in pediatric type 1 diabetes.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in youth is a challenging chronic medical condition. Its management should address not only the glycemic control but also insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk factors which are increasingly recognized to be present in youth with TID. Current knowledge on the mechanisms of insulin resistance in T1DM is reviewed. The use of adjunctive therapies that are beneficial to achieve adequate glycemic control while mitigating the effects of insulin resistance are discussed with a focus on metformin therapy and an overview of other new pharmacologic agents.
authors.affiliation: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Houston, TX, USA. fbacha@bcm.edu.|Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. fbacha@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Fida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bacha
authors.affiliation: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Houston, TX, USA.|Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klinepeter Bartz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000145:classification* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008687:Metformin
keywords: adjunct therapy; insulin resistance; metformin; type 1 diabetes