title: Health state utility valuation in radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to elicit utilities for radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) and evaluate the impact of treatment response and toxicities on quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  RR-DTC health states were developed based on data from a previous qualitative study and iterative review by clinical experts. Following piloting, health states underwent valuation by 100 members of the UK public during time trade-off interviews. Mean utilities and descriptive distribution statistics were calculated, and a logistic regression analysis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographic characteristics of the study sample were generally reflective of the UK population. Clear differentiation in valuation between health states was observed. No response/stable disease had an adjusted utility value of 0.87, with a corresponding gain of +0.04 following a treatment response and a decline of -0.35 for disease progression. Adverse events were associated with utility decrements between -0.47 (grade III diarrhea) and -0.05 (grade I/II alopecia).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The trade-off interviews derived utility weights show clear differentiation between RR-DTC health states in response to treatment. The values reported in this study are suitable for cost-effectiveness evaluations for new treatments in RR-DTC.
authors.affiliation: ICON Patient Reported Outcomes, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Fordham
authors.affiliation: ICON Patient Reported Outcomes, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Cicely
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: ICON Patient Reported Outcomes, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Hayley M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: ICON Patient Reported Outcomes, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.affiliation: ICON Epidemiology, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Karissa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.affiliation: Eisai Inc., NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Corey L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.affiliation: Eisai Inc., NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Eisai Inc., NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.affiliation: Moffitt Cancer Center, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McIver
authors.affiliation: University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Ezra Ew
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Cohen
keywords: differentiated thyroid cancer; health utility; health-related quality of life; radioactive iodine-refractory; vignette