title: N-Linked Glycans of Chloroviruses Sharing a Core Architecture without Precedent.
abstract: N-glycosylation is a fundamental modification of proteins and exists in the three domains of life and in some viruses, including the chloroviruses, for which a new type of core N-glycan is herein described. This N-glycan core structure, common to all chloroviruses, is a pentasaccharide with a β-glucose linked to an asparagine residue which is not located in the typical sequon N-X-T/S. The glucose is linked to a terminal xylose unit and a hyperbranched fucose, which is in turn substituted with a terminal galactose and a second xylose residue. The third position of the fucose unit is always linked to a rhamnose, which is a semiconserved element because its absolute configuration is virus-dependent. Additional decorations occur on this core N-glycan and represent a molecular signature for each chlorovirus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA) (Italy). decastro@unina.it.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Castro
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli (Italy).
authors.forename: Immacolata
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Speciale
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, NE (USA).
authors.forename: Garry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0900 (USA).
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Dunigan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0900 (USA).
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Agarkova
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli (Italy).
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lanzetta
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, 95126 Catania (Italy).
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sturiale
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, 95126 Catania (Italy).
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmigiano
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, 95126 Catania (Italy).
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garozzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli (Italy).
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molinaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV/1, 16132 Genova (Italy).
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0900 (USA).
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Van Etten
mesh_terms: D017862:Phycodnaviridae / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: glycoproteins; glycosylations; natural products; structural biology; viruses