title: Cardiac Sarcoidosis.
abstract: Studies suggest clinically manifest cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of patients with pulmonary/systemic sarcoidosis. The principal manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) are conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart failure. Data indicate that an 20% to 25% of patients with pulmonary/systemic sarcoidosis have asymptomatic (clinically silent) cardiac involvement. An international guideline for the diagnosis and management of CS recommends that patients be screened for cardiac involvement. Most studies suggest a benign prognosis for patients with clinically silent CS. Immunosuppression therapy is advocated for clinically manifest CS. Device therapy, with implantable cardioverter defibrillators, is recommended for some patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4 W7, Canada. Electronic address: dbirnie@ottawaheart.ca.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Birnie
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, GW 3-558A, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew C T
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, London Health Sciences Centre, 339 Windermere Road, c6-110, London, Ontario N6A 5A5, Canada.
authors.forename: Lorne J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gula
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 211 1033, Davie Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 1M7, Canada.
authors.forename: Santabhanu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4 W7, Canada.
authors.forename: Rob S B
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Beanlands
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4 W7, Canada.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nery
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology*; D054537:Atrioventricular Block; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Atrioventricular block; Cardiac sarcoidosis; Clinically manifest; Clinically silent; Heart failure; Sudden cardiac death; Ventricular arrhythmias