title: Body mass index and risk of lung cancer: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
abstract: Questions remain about the significance of the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and lung cancer (LC) risk. Pertinent studies were identified through a search in EMBASE and PUBMED from July 2014 until March 2015. The summary relative risk (SRR) and confidence interval (CI) were estimated. The dose-response relationship was assessed using a restricted cubic spline. The overall meta-analysis showed evidence of a nonlinear association between BMI and LC risk (Pnonlinearity < 0.001). The SRR were 0.98 (95%CI: 0.95-1.01) for 25 kg/m(2), 0.91 (95%CI: 0.85-0.98) for 30 kg/m(2) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.72-0.91) for 35 kg/m(2), with mild between-study heterogeneity (I(2) = 5%). The results of the stratified analysis by gender were comparable to those of the overall meta-analysis. When stratified by smoking status, linear dose-response associations were observed for current smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers (Pnonlinearity > 0.05), whereas the effects were attenuated when restricting analysis to non-smokers, and at the point of 30 kg/m(2), the SRR was 0.96 (95%CI: 0.86-1.07) for males and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.89-1.02) for females. This meta-analysis provides quantitative evidence that increasing BMI is a protective factor against LC. Keeping normal-to-moderate BMI should be prescribed as an evidence-based lifestyle tip for LC prevention in smokers.
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratories, the Affiliated Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Xianfu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Ansoumane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kourouma
authors.affiliation: MOE (Ministry of Education) key lab of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Kedi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications; D017594:Publication Bias; D012307:Risk Factors; D013851:Thinness / Q000150:complications