title: Promoting walking in older adults: Perceived neighborhood walkability influences the effectiveness of motivational messages.
abstract: Positively framed messages seem to promote walking in older adults better than negatively framed messages. This study targeted elderly people in communities unfavorable to walking. Walking was measured with pedometers during baseline (1 week) and intervention (4 weeks). Participants ( n = 74) were informed about either the benefits of walking or the negative consequences of not walking. Perceived neighborhood walkability was assessed with a modified version of the Neighborhood Walkability Scale. When perceived walkability was high, positively framed messages were more effective than negatively framed messages in promoting walking; when perceived walkability was low, negatively framed messages were comparably effective to positively framed messages.
authors.affiliation: 1 Stanford University, USA.|2 Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Nanna
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Notthoff
authors.affiliation: 1 Stanford University, USA.
authors.forename: Laura L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Carstensen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D016138:Walking / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: aging; health messages; positivity effect; socioemotional selectivity theory; walking