title: Current Methods to Assess Human Cutaneous Blood Flow: An Updated Focus on Laser-Based-Techniques.
abstract: Several noninvasive techniques have been developed using laser light interaction in the skin to explore the skin's microcirculation. Combined with laser Doppler or LSCI, reactivity tests are used to explore skin endothelial and neurovascular function in humans, including PORH, LTH, PIV, and iontophoresis of vasodilators. Recent advances in our comprehension of the physiological pathways underlying these reactivity tests have been possible through topical or intradermal delivery of drugs that produce elevated local concentrations. Skin microvascular function has also been proposed as a prognostic biomarker or for evaluating the effect of drugs. Comprehension of the physiological pathways, together with recent technological improvements in microcirculation imaging, has provided reliable and reproducible tools to study skin microcirculation.
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.|INSERM, Grenoble, France.|Clinical Pharmacology Unit, INSERM CIC1406, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cracowski
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.|INSERM, Grenoble, France.|Clinical Pharmacology Unit, INSERM CIC1406, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roustit
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008722:Methods; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents
keywords: endothelium; iontophoresis; laser Doppler; laser speckle; local thermal hyperemia; microcirculation; microdialysis; postocclusive hyperemia; skin