title: A novel multicomponent redox polymer nanobead based high performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor.
abstract: The fabrication of a highly sensitive electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) dispersed in a graphene (G)-ferrocene (Fc) redox polymer multicomponent nanobead (MCNB) is reported. The preparation of MCNB involves three major steps, namely: i) the preparation of a poly(aniline-co-anthranilic acid)-grafted graphene (G-PANI(COOH), ii) the covalent linking of ferrocene to G-PANI(COOH) via a polyethylene imine (PEI), and iii) the electrodeposition of Cu NPs. The prepared MCNB (designated as G-PANI(COOH)-PEI-Fc/Cu-MCNB), contains a conductive G-PANI(COOH), electron mediating Fc, and electrocatalytic Cu NPs that make it suitable for ultrasensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing. The morphology, structure, and electro activities of MCNB were characterized. Electrochemical measurements showed that the G-PANI(COOH)-PEI-Fc/Cu-MCNB/GCE modified electrode exhibited good electrocatalytic behavior towards the detection of glucose in a wide linear range (0.50 to 15mM), with a low detection limit (0.16mM) and high sensitivity (14.3µAmM(-1)cm(-2)). Besides, the G-PANI(COOH)-PEI-Fc/Cu-MCNB/GCE sensor electrode did not respond to the presence of electroactive interferrants (such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and dopamine) and saccharides or carbohydrates (fructose, lactose, d-isoascorbic acid, and dextrin), demonstrating its selectivity towards glucose. The fabricated NEG sensor exhibited high precision for measuring glucose in serum samples, with an average RSD of 4.3% and results comparable to those of commercial glucose test strips. This reliability and stability of glucose sensing indicates that G-PANI(COOH)-PEI-Fc/Cu-MCNB/GCE would be a promising material for the non-enzymatic detection of glucose in physiological fluids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Gopalan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muthuchamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kplee@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: K-P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000075163:Metallocenes; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D000075163:Metallocenes; C416807:polyaniline; D006108:Graphite; D003300:Copper; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; C004998:ferrocene
keywords: Glucose; Multicomponent; Nanobead; Non-enzymatic