title: Density of Stromal Cells and Macrophages Associated With Collagen Remodeling in the Human Cervix in Preterm and Term Birth.
abstract: Remodeling of the cervix occurs in advance of labor both at term and at preterm birth. Morphological characteristics associated with remodeling in rodents were assessed in cervix biopsies from women at term (39 weeks' gestation) and preterm (<33 weeks' gestation). Collagen I and III messenger RNA and hydroxyproline concentrations declined in cervix biopsies from women in labor at term and preterm compared to that in the cervix from nonlaboring women. Extracellular collagen was more degraded in sections of cervix from women at term, based on optical density of picrosirius red stain, versus that in biopsies from nonpregnant women. However, collagen structure was unchanged in the cervix from women at preterm labor versus the nonpregnant group. As an indication of inflammation, cell nuclei density was decreased in cervix biopsies from pregnant women irrespective of labor compared to the nonpregnant group. Moreover, CD68-stained macrophages increased to an equivalent extent in cervix subepithelium and stroma from groups in labor, both at term and preterm, as well as in women not in labor at term. Evidence for a similar inflammatory process in the remodeled cervix of women at term and preterm birth parallels results in rodent models. Thus, a conserved final common mechanism involving macrophages and inflammation may characterize the transition to a ripe cervix before birth at term and in advance of premature birth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Aurelija
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dubicke
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gunvor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ekman-Ordeberg
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mazurek
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda, CA, USA Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA syellon@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yellon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D047929:Term Birth / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003094:Collagen
keywords: inflammation; parturition; preterm birth; ripening