title: Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the copper transporter gene family in Populus trichocarpa.
abstract: Copper transporters (COPT/Ctr) have important roles in the transport of copper (Cu) across the cell membrane in many different species. A comprehensive phylogeny and a molecular structure analysis of the COPT/Ctr family in plants and animals are presented, with an emphasis and bioinformatic analysis of the copper transporter family in Populus trichocarpa (PtCOPT). Structural analyses of PtCOPTs showed that most have 3 transmembrane domains (TMDs), with an exception of PtCOPT4 (2 TMDs). Gene structure, gene chromosomal location, and synteny analyses of PtCOPTs demonstrated that tandem and segmental duplications have likely contributed to the expansion and evolution of the PtCOPTs. Additionally, promoter analyses showed that the function of PtCOPTs is related to Cu and ferrum (Fe) transport. Tissue-specific expression of PtCOPT genes showed that most had relatively high transcript levels in roots and leaves. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the expression of PtCOPT genes were induced not only in limited and excessive Cu, Fe, zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) stress, but also in lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) stress.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Haizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Jingli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Protection Department, Inner Mongolia Forestry Industrial Group, Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia 022150, China.
authors.forename: Weida
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Quangang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
authors.forename: Zhanchao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China. Electronic address: chli0@163.com.
authors.forename: Chenghao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D020440:Gene Duplication; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D032107:Populus / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D003300:Copper
keywords: COPT/Ctr; Copper; Gene expression; Heavy metal; Poplar; PtCOPT