title: Exercise improves quality of life in androgen deprivation therapy-treated prostate cancer: systematic review of randomised controlled trials.
abstract: Men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) are likely to develop metabolic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, abdominal obesity and osteoporosis. Other treatment-related side effects adversely influence quality of life (QoL) including vasomotor distress, depression, anxiety, mood swings, poor sleep quality and compromised sexual function. The objective of this study was to systematically review the nature and effects of dietary and exercise interventions on QoL, androgen deprivation symptoms and metabolic risk factors in men with PCa undergoing ADT. An electronic search of CINAHL, CENTRAL, Medline, PsychINFO and reference lists was performed to identify peer-reviewed articles published between January 2004 and December 2014 in English. Eligible study designs included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with pre- and post-intervention data. Data extraction and assessment of methodological quality with the Cochrane approach was conducted by two independent reviewers. Seven exercise studies were identified. Exercise significantly improved QoL, but showed no effect on metabolic risk factors (weight, waist circumference, lean or fat mass, blood pressure and lipid profile). Two dietary studies were identified, both of which tested soy supplements. Soy supplementation did not improve any outcomes. No dietary counselling studies were identified. No studies evaluated androgen-deficiency symptoms (libido, erectile function, sleep quality, mood swings, depression, anxiety and bone mineral density). Evidence from RCTs indicates that exercise enhances health- and disease-specific QoL in men with PCa undergoing ADT. Further studies are required to evaluate the effect of exercise and dietary interventions on QoL, androgen deprivation symptoms and metabolic risk factors in this cohort.
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Laisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teleni
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Elisabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Isenring
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vela
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Warrick J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Inder
authors.affiliation: School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDivision of Cancer ServicesPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of NursingQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaFaculty of Health Sciences and MedicineBond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, 2 Promethean Way, Gold Coast, Queensland 4226, AustraliaWest Moreton Hospital and Health ServiceBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of PharmacyFaculty of Science, National University of ingapore, Singapore, SingaporeOncology PharmacyNational Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsPrincess lexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of UrologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaAustralian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - QueenslandBrisbane, Queensland, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and EndocrinologyPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaSchool of MedicineThe University of Queensland, Brisba
authors.forename: Alexandra L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: McCarthy
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
keywords: aerobic exercise; androgen deprivation therapy; diet; prostate cancer; quality of life; resistance exercise