title: Dicaffeoylquinic Acid-Enriched Fraction of Cichorium glandulosum Seeds Attenuates Experimental Type 1 Diabetes via Multipathway Protection.
abstract: Chicory has a major geographical presence in Europe and Asia. Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet, a genus Cichorium, is used for medicinal and food purposes in Asia. In this study, a dicaffeoylquinic acid-enriched fraction of C. glandulosum seeds n-BuOH fraction (CGSB) could ameliorate type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice with continuous administration for 2 weeks. CGSB treatment showed significantly higher plasma insulin levels but lower free fatty acids in adipose tissue and liver. Moreover, CGSB improved pancreatic islet mass. In vitro, different fractions of C. glandulosum seed (CGS) induced the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The mRNA level for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha increased in high glucose treatment group in HepG2 cells, while CGSB significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression. The main compound of CGSB, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, was isolated and identified, which exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. These findings demonstrated that CGSB attenuated experimental T1DM via multipathway protection.
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bingxin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lanlan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qigui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jingsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.|Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Youwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D018651:Cichorium intybus / Q000737:chemistry*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000032:analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D047493:PPAR alpha; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C472707:caffeoylquinic acid; D011801:Quinic Acid; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
keywords: 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid; Cichorium glandulosum seed; diabetes; multipathway protection