title: Trichoderma species occurring on wood with decay symptoms in mountain forests in Central Europe: genetic and enzymatic characterization.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the species diversity of Trichoderma obtained from samples of wood collected in the forests of the Gorce Mountains (location A), Karkonosze Mountains (location B) and Tatra Mountains (location C) in Central Europe and to examine the cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity of these species as an expression of their probable role in wood decay processes. The present study has led to the identification of the following species and species complex: Trichoderma atroviride P. Karst., Trichoderma citrinoviride Bissett, Trichoderma cremeum P. Chaverri & Samuels, Trichoderma gamsii Samuels & Druzhin., Trichoderma harzianum complex, Trichoderma koningii Oudem., Trichoderma koningiopsis Samuels, C. Suárez & H.C. Evans, Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai, Trichoderma longipile Bissett, Trichoderma sp. (Hypocrea parapilulifera B.S. Lu, Druzhin. & Samuels), Trichoderma viride Schumach. and Trichoderma viridescens complex. Among them, T. viride was observed as the most abundant species (53 % of all isolates) in all the investigated locations. The Shannon's biodiversity index (H), evenness (E), and the Simpson's biodiversity index (D) calculations for each location showed that the highest species diversity and evenness were recorded for location A-Gorce Mountains (H' = 1.71, E = 0.82, D = 0.79). The preliminary screening of 119 Trichoderma strains for cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity showed the real potential of all Trichoderma species originating from wood with decay symptoms to produce cellulases and xylanases-the key enzymes in plant cell wall degradation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland. lgol@igr.poznan.pl.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Błaszczyk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Judyta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strakowska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chełkowski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gąbka-Buszek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
mesh_terms: D044822:Biodiversity; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D065928:Forests; D010802:Phylogeny; D011044:Poland; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D014934:Wood / Q000382:microbiology*; D014990:Xylans / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014990:Xylans; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Cellulases; ITS1; ITS2 rRNA; Molecular identification; Xylanases; tef1