title: Lmo4 and Other LIM domain only factors are necessary and sufficient for multiple retinal cell type development.
abstract: Understanding the molecular basis by which distinct cell types are specified is a central issue in retinogenesis and retinal disease development. Here we examined the role of LIM domain only 4 (Lmo4) in retinal development using both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches. By immunostaining, Lmo4 was found to be expressed in mouse retina from E10.5 to mature stages. Retroviral delivery of Lmo4 into retinal progenitor cells could promote the amacrine, bipolar and Müller cell fates at the expense of photoreceptors. It also inhibited the fate of early-born retinal ganglion cells. Using a dominant-negative form of Lmo4 which suppresses transcriptional activities of all LIM domain only factors, we demonstrated that LIM domain only factors are both necessary and sufficient for promoting amacrine and bipolar cell development, but not for the differentiation of ganglion, horizontal, Müller, or photoreceptor cells. Taken together, our study uncovers multiple roles of Lmo4 during retinal development and demonstrates the importance of LIM domain only factors in ensuring proper retinal cell specification and differentiation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 900-915, 2016.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China.|Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854.
authors.forename: Kangxin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China.
authors.forename: Dongchang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-4030.|Department of Biological Chemistry, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-4030.
authors.forename: Bogi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China.|Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854.
authors.forename: Mengqing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012160:Retina / Q000196:embryology*; D055351:Retinal Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; C491976:Lmo4 protein, mouse
keywords: LIM-only factors; Lmo4; cell differentiation; neuron; retinal development