title: Emerging role of long noncoding RNAs in lung cancer: Current status and future prospects.
abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with a 5-year survival rate of less than 15%, despite significant advances in both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Combined genomic and transcriptomic sequencing studies have identified numerous genetic driver mutations that are responsible for the development of lung cancer. Importantly, these approaches have also uncovered the widespread expression of "noncoding RNAs" including long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), which impact biologic responses through the regulation of mRNA transcription or translation. To date, most studies of the role of noncoding RNAs have focused on LncRNAs, which regulate mRNA translation via the RNA interference pathway. Although many of their attributes, such as patterns of expression, remain largely unknown, LncRNAs have key functions in transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic gene regulation. Recent research showed that LncRNAs regulate flowering time in the lung cancer. In this review, we discuss these investigations into long noncoding RNAs were performed almost exclusively in lung cancer. Future work will need to extend these into lung cancer and to analyze how LncRNAs interact to regulate mRNA expression. From a clinical perspective, the targeting of LncRNAs as a novel therapeutic approach will require a deeper understanding of their function and mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China. Electronic address: 13905601531@139.com.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Scientific and Educational, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China. Electronic address: ayskh3@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kai-Hu
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: Epigenetic; LncRNAs; Lung cancer; Transcriptional regulation