title: TiO2 quantum dots as superb compact block layers for high-performance CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells with an efficiency of 16.97.
abstract: A compact TiO(2) layer is crucial to achieve high-efficiency perovskite solar cells. In this study, we developed a facile, low-cost and efficient method to fabricate a pinhole-free and ultrathin blocking layer based on highly crystallized TiO(2) quantum dots (QDs) with an average diameter of 3.6 nm. The surface morphology of the blocking layer and the photoelectric performance of the perovskite solar cells were investigated by spin-coating with three different materials: colloidal TiO(2) QDs, titanium precursor solution, and aqueous TiCl(4). Among these three treatments, the perovskite solar cell based on the TiO(2) QD compact layer offered the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.97% with a photocurrent density of 22.48 mA cm(-2), a photovoltage of 1.063 V and a fill factor of 0.71. The enhancement of PCE mainly stems from the small series resistance and the large shunt resistance of the TiO(2) QD layer.
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yongguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jihuai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinghao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials for Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China. jhwu@hqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Miaoliang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang