title: Identifying User Interaction Patterns in E-Textbooks.
abstract: We introduce a new architecture for e-textbooks which contains two navigational aids: an index and a concept map. We report results from an evaluation in a university setting with 99 students. The interaction sequences of the users were captured during the user study. We found several clusters of user interaction types in our data. Three separate user types were identified based on the interaction sequences: passive user, term clicker, and concept map user. We also discovered that with the concept map interface users started to interact with the application significantly sooner than with the index interface. Overall, our findings suggest that analysis of interaction patterns allows deeper insights into the use of e-textbooks than is afforded by summative evaluation.
authors.affiliation: TAUCHI, School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Santeri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saarinen
authors.affiliation: TAUCHI, School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Tomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heimonen
authors.affiliation: TAUCHI, School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turunen
authors.affiliation: Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, Assistentinkatu 5, 20500 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Mirjamaija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikkilä-Erdmann
authors.affiliation: TAUCHI, School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Roope
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raisamo
authors.affiliation: Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, Assistentinkatu 5, 20500 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Erdmann
authors.affiliation: TAUCHI, School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Sari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yrjänäinen
authors.affiliation: TAUCHI, School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Kanslerinrinne 1, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuuli
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keskinen