title: In vitro osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells seeded on carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel.
abstract: Stem cells from human dental pulp have been considered as an alternative source of adult stem cells in tissue engineering because of their potential to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Recently, polysaccharide based hydrogels have become especially attractive as matrices for the repair and regeneration of a wide variety of tissues and organs. The incorporation of inorganic minerals as hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can modulate the performance of the scaffolds with potential applications in tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to verify the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured on a carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel. Human DPSCs were seeded on carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel and on carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel for 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 days. Cell viability assay and ultramorphological analysis were carried out to evaluate biocompatibility and cell adhesion. Real Time PCR was carried out to demonstrate the expression of osteogenic and odontogenic markers. Results showed a good adhesion and viability in cells cultured on carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel, while a low adhesion and viability was observed in cells cultured on carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel. Real Time PCR data demonstrated a temporal up-regulation of osteogenic and odontogenic markers in dental pulp stem cells cultured on carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel. In conclusion, our in vitro data confirms the ability of DPSCs to differentiate toward osteogenic and odontogenic lineages in presence of a carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel. Taken together, our results provide evidence that DPSCs and carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel could be considered promising candidates for dental pulp complex and periodontal tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Teti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Focaroli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.affiliation: 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dicarlo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mattioli-Belmonte
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orsini
keywords: dental pulp stem cells; hydrogel; odontogenic differentiation; osteogenic differentiation; tissue engineering