title: Long-term outcome of grafts with multiple arteries in live-donor renal allotransplantation: Analysis of 2100 consecutive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the long-term outcome in relation to multiple graft arteries (MGA) in live-donor renal transplantation, and assess its effect on graft and patient survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 1976 and November 2009, a total of 2100 live-donor renal transplants were carried out at our centre. Patients were stratified according to the number of graft arteries into two groups, i.e. MGA (two or more arteries; 237 patients) and single-graft artery (SGA; 1863 patients). Variables assessed included patient demographics, site of vascular anastomosis, ischaemia time, onset of diuresis, delayed graft function, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), acute rejection, vascular and urological complications. Moreover, long-term patient and graft survival were compared among both groups. Patients were followed up for a mean (SD) of 112 (63) months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Grafts with MGA were associated with a prolonged ischaemia time (P = 0.001) and ATN (P = 0.005). Vascular thrombosis (arterial and venous) had a higher incidence in MGA (2.5%) than SGA (0.6%) (P = 0.01). Both groups were not significantly different for the onset of diuresis, acute rejection and urological complications (P = 0.16, 0.23 and 0.85, respectively). Graft and patient survival were comparable in both groups. The mean (SD) 1-, 5-, 10- and 20-year graft survival rates (%) for MGA were 96.1 (1.26), 86.6 (2.39), 61.3 (4.42) and 33.8 (7.23), and 97.5 (0.36), 86.8 (0.84), 66.0 (1.35) and 37.3 (2.76) for SGA (P = 0.54).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there was a higher incidence of prolonged ischaemia time, ATN and vascular thrombosis in live-donor renal transplants with MGA, it did not adversely affect patient or graft survival. The early, intermediate- and long-term follow-up showed an outcome comparable to that in patients with SGA.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Shady A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shokeir
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: El-Hefnawy
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Harraz
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Bedair
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ali El-Dein
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Shehab El-Dein
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghoneim
keywords: ATN, acute tubular necrosis; Live donors; MGA, multiple graft artery; Multiple arteries; Renal transplantation; SGA, single graft artery; US, ultrasonography