title: DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in hematologic differentiation and transformation.
abstract: Maintenance of the balance of DNA methylation and demethylation is fundamental for normal cellular development and function. Members of the Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) family proteins are Fe(II)-dependent and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that catalyze sequential oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and subsequent oxidized derivatives in DNA. In addition to their roles as intermediates in DNA demethylation, these oxidized methylcytosines are novel epigenetic modifications of DNA. DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation profiles are markedly disrupted in a wide range of cancers but how these changes are related to the pathogenesis of cancers is still ambiguous. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of TET protein functions in normal and malignant hematopoietic development and the ongoing questions to be resolved.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: mgko@unist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myunggon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), UNIST-gil 50, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jungeun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Anjana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D004247:DNA