title: COPD and risk of venous thromboembolism and mortality in a general population.
abstract: The relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been scarcely studied in the general population. We aimed to investigate the association between COPD and risk of VTE and mortality in a population-based cohort.Spirometry was conducted in 8646 males and females, participating in the fifth (2001-02) and sixth (2007-08) surveys of the Tromsø Study. Incident VTE events during follow-up were registered from the date of inclusion to December 31, 2011. Cox-regression models with COPD stages and confounders as time varying covariates were used to calculate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for VTE and all-cause mortality.During a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 215 subjects developed VTE. Subjects with COPD stage III/IV had a two-fold higher risk of secondary VTE compared to subjects with normal airflow (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.02-4.10). COPD patients, particularly those with stage III/IV disease, with VTE had a higher mortality rate than COPD patients without VTE (50.2% versus 5.6% per year).Our findings suggest that patients with severe COPD may have increased risk of secondary VTE, and that COPD patients with VTE have a higher mortality rate than COPD patients without VTE.
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Haematological Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Børvik
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Haematological Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway Sigrid.brakkan@uit.no.
authors.forename: Sigrid K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Brækkan
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Haematological Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Enga
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Division of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schirmer
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Haematological Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Ellen E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Brodin
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Hasse
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Melbye
authors.affiliation: K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre (TREC), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Haematological Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: John-Bjarne
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013147:Spirometry; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014797:Vital Capacity