title: Influence of amyloid and APOE on cognitive performance in a late middle-aged cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have examined the effects of amyloid and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on cognition among middle-aged individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 464 cognitively normal, test-naïve, participants with Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography amyloid imaging, mean age of 62.7 (range, 51-71 years), enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Participants completed multiple cognitive assessments, including a standard neuropsychological battery and the CogState computerized battery, over 30 months of follow-up. Linear mixed models were used to examine the effects of amyloid and APOE genotype on baseline cognition and cognitive decline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevated amyloid was not associated with tests of episodic memory but did predict declines on tests of executive function. APOE genotype was not associated with cognition. Among APOE ɛ4 noncarriers, higher amyloid was predictive of decline on tests of executive function and on one episodic memory test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated amyloidosis and APOE genotype do not appear to exert a dramatic influence on cognition in middle age.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: mielke.michelle@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mielke
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Mary M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Machulda
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Clinton E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Teresa J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Christianson
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Rosebud O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Knopman
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Prashanthi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vemuri
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Val J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Walter K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kremers
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011594:Psychometrics; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: C475519:2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D013844:Thiazoles
keywords: APOE; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid; Cognitive aging; Cohort studies; PET