title: Kaempferitrin prevents bone lost in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Podocarpium podocarpum (DC.), an edible and medicinal plant popularly used for the treatment of bruises and fracture in Chinese folk medicine, has been proved to possess significant antiosteoporotic effect in our latest research.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antiosteoporotic effect of kaempfertrin (KN), a principal flavonoid in P. podocarpum obtained through bio-guided isolation.
  
  
  METHODS
  An ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis as well as in vitro osteoblast and osteoclast cell lines were employed to evaluate the antiosteoporotic potency of KN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KN significantly improved the bone mass and microarchitecture in OVX rats, with little estrogen-like side effect compared with estradiol valerate. KN also exhibited stimulatory effect on osteoblastic cells and inhibitory action on osteoclastic cells, which down-regulated the phosphorylation level of I-κB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KN possessed significant antiosteoporotic activity. Combined with its limited estrogen-like side effect, KN can be regarded as an idealistic antiosteoporotic candidate for human osteoporosis diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, School of Pharmacy, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Qin
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, School of Pharmacy, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Huatuo Road, Fuzhou 350108, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Zhong
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England, UK.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433 China. Electronic address: qinsmmu@126.com.
authors.forename: Lu-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address: zhengchengjian@smmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Cheng-Jian
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D044949:Kaempferols; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C042728:lespenefril
keywords: Antiosteoporotic; Kaempferitrin; NF-κB; Osteoclast; Ovariectomy