title: BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS (BTB) AS A RISK FACTOR FOR DEVELOPING TUBERCULOSIS IN HUMANS IN THE RURAL COMMUNITY OF ETHIOPIA: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current study aimed at assessing BTB as a possible risk factor for human TB in the rural community of North Eastern and Western parts of Ethiopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control design was conducted among cattle owning households with TB and without TB. Comparative cervical intradermal test using purified protein derivatives were used to test cattle. Reading of the reaction was done 72 ± 4hrs after antigen injection. Based on the skin test reaction measurement, cattle categorized as negative, doubtful and positive. Questionnaires were used to collect the required factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five with TB and 105 households without TB participated in this study of which 49.3% and 61.4% had the habit of drinking raw milk and eating uncooked meat, respectively. About 70.7% knew about the chance of disease transmission from animals to humans. Among the TB households 31.43% shared their house with their cattle. Of the attendants, approximately 38% shared utensil. Based on > 2mms as a cutoff value 23.6% an overall apparent bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and 48.6% apparent BTB in households with TB were recorded. The odds for households having bovine TB in their cattle to get tuberculosis was more than 8 times (95% CI; 2.82-24.60) higher than those owned by households without TB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bovine TB has been seen as an exposure to human pulmonary TB occurrence. A separate house for cattle should be constructed to minimize the fear of cross infections and further study regarding the possible infection of cattle with M. tuberculosis is suggested. Key wordsi bovine tuberculosis, households, human TB, M. tuberculosis, risk.
authors.forename: Araya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mengistu
authors.forename: Fikre
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Enquselassi
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aseffa
authors.forename: Demissew
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beyen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002417:Cattle; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058751:Livestock; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D010067:Ownership; D066256:Raw Foods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology*