title: Antifungal and Antibacterial Activity of Extracts and Alkaloids of Selected Amaryllidaceae Species.
abstract: Alkaloidal extracts of six selected species of Amaryllidaceae were studied with respect to their antibacterial and anti-yeast activity and their alkaloidal fingerprint. Twenty-five alkaloids were determined by GC/MS, and sixteen of them identified from their mass spectra, retention times and retention indexes. In the antimicrobial assay, Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were used, along with isolates of the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. dubliniensis and Lodderomyces elongiosporus. The six extracts, together with 19 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids isolated in our laboratory, showed almost no inhibitory activity against the bacteria tested. However, promising anti-yeast properties were detected; the most potent activity was shown by lycorine, which inhibited C. dubliniensis with a MIC of 32 µg/mL, C. albicans and L. elongiosporus, both with MICs of 64 µg/mL, followed by caranine inhibiting C. dubliniensis with a MIC of 128 µg/mL. Among the alkaloidal extracts, Narcissus jonquilla cv. Baby Moon showed the most potent anti-yeast activity, with minimal and average MIC values of 128 and 192 µg/mL, respectively, followed by Leucojum aestivum, Narcissus poeticus var. recurvus and N. canaliculatus (average MICs 256, 267 and 299 µg/mL, respectively). The lowest MIC value among extracts was obtained for N. canaliculatus against L. elongiosporus (MIC 64 µg/mL).
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ločárek
authors.forename: Jitka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nováková
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klouček
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hošt'álkoviá
authors.forename: Ladislav
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kokoška
authors.lastname: Lucie Gábrlová
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Šafratová
authors.forename: Lubomír
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Opletal
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cahliková
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D019668:Liliaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts