title: The Functional SNPs in the 5' Regulatory Region of the Porcine PPARD Gene Have Significant Association with Fat Deposition Traits.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) is a key regulator of lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we identified two Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs, g.1015 A>G and g.1018 T>C) constituting four haplotypes (GT, GC, AC and AT) in the 5' regulatory region of porcine PPARD gene. Functional analysis of the four haplotypes showed that the transcriptional activity of the PPARD promoter fragment carrying haplotype AC was significantly lower than that of the other haplotypes in 3T3-L1, C2C12 and PK-15 cells, and haplotype AC had the lowest binding capacities to the nuclear extracts. Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) enhanced the transcription activities of promoter fragments of PPARD gene carrying haplotypes GT, GC and AT in C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, and increased the protein expression of PPARD gene in C2C12 myoblasts. TCF7L2 differentially bound to the four haplotypes, and the binding capacity of TCF7L2 to haplotype AC was the lowest. There were significant associations between -655A/G and fat deposition traits in three pig populations including the Large White × Meishan F2 pigs, France and American Large White pigs. Pigs with genotype GG had significantly higher expression of PPARD at both mRNA and protein level than those with genotype AG. These results strongly suggested that the SNPs in 5' regulatory region of PPARD genes had significant impact on pig fat deposition traits.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tengsen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shanyao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dechao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zaiyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: The Tianpeng Group, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Tianpeng Group, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuanliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: The Tianpeng Group, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: The Tianpeng Group, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Litong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Tianpeng Group, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guoshui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuanzhu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zuo
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D047494:PPAR delta