title: Role of lycopene in preventing lipid peroxidation products, in commercial infant milk formula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate whether lycopene from natural sources (tomato extract) is able to protect newborns milk formula, against oxidative damage caused by exposure to hydroxyl radicals, and is there a difference between milk substitutes from various sources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four commercial brands of infant milk formula: two of the formulas were dairy milk (A-d and B-d) and two were based on soy bean vegan milk (A-s and B-s), were exposed to ionizing radiation radical (·OH). Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance test (TBARS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  When suspensions containing the four brands of formula were subjected to oxidizing media produced by ionizing radiation (hydroxyl radicals), lipid peroxidation increased linearly as a function of the irradiation dose (R = 0.99). It was found that lycopene in a concentration of 0.6 mM, reduced the radiation damage only in the soy-based formula; decrease of ∼40% of the damage achieved in B-s, and ∼20% reduction in the damage caused to A-s, significantly p < 0.01.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lycopene in dairy milk did not protect against hydroxyl radicals; however, lycopene found to protect against hydroxyl radicals in soy milk. This result suggests different mechanisms of radical production that arises from high iron levels present in the soy milk and involving the high-valent iron peroxo species.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Sami Shamoon College of Engineering , Beer-Sheva , Israel .
authors.forename: Oshra
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saphier
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel , and.
authors.forename: Tali
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Silberstein
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemistry , Nuclear Research Center-Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel and Department of Chemistry , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yardeni
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Sami Shamoon College of Engineering , Beer-Sheva , Israel .
authors.forename: Jeanine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blumenfeld
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemistry , Nuclear Research Center-Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel and Department of Chemistry , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel.
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zilbermann
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemical Engineering , Sami Shamoon College of Engineering , Beer-Sheva , Israel .
authors.forename: Ariela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burg
mesh_terms: D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D000077276:Lycopene
chemical_list: D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Dairy milk; ionizing radiation; vegan milk