title: GPU Linear Algebra Libraries and GPGPU Programming for Accelerating MOPAC Semiempirical Quantum Chemistry Calculations.
abstract: In this study, we present some modifications in the semiempirical quantum chemistry MOPAC2009 code that accelerate single-point energy calculations (1SCF) of medium-size (up to 2500 atoms) molecular systems using GPU coprocessors and multithreaded shared-memory CPUs. Our modifications consisted of using a combination of highly optimized linear algebra libraries for both CPU (LAPACK and BLAS from Intel MKL) and GPU (MAGMA and CUBLAS) to hasten time-consuming parts of MOPAC such as the pseudodiagonalization, full diagonalization, and density matrix assembling. We have shown that it is possible to obtain large speedups just by using CPU serial linear algebra libraries in the MOPAC code. As a special case, we show a speedup of up to 14 times for a methanol simulation box containing 2400 atoms and 4800 basis functions, with even greater gains in performance when using multithreaded CPUs (2.1 times in relation to the single-threaded CPU code using linear algebra libraries) and GPUs (3.8 times). This degree of acceleration opens new perspectives for modeling larger structures which appear in inorganic chemistry (such as zeolites and MOFs), biochemistry (such as polysaccharides, small proteins, and DNA fragments), and materials science (such as nanotubes and fullerenes). In addition, we believe that this parallel (GPU-GPU) MOPAC code will make it feasible to use semiempirical methods in lengthy molecular simulations using both hybrid QM/MM and QM/QM potentials.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Informática, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julio Daniel Carvalho
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal: 5093, CEP: 58051-970, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Aires
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Urquiza Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Centro de Informática, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Peixoto
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Mangueira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal: 5093, CEP: 58051-970, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sidney Ramos
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Centro de Informática, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucidio Anjos Formiga
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal: 5093, CEP: 58051-970, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gerd B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Rocha