title: Genotoxicity assessment of propyl thiosulfinate oxide, an organosulfur compound from Allium extract, intended to food active packaging.
abstract: Essential oils from onion (Allium cepa L.), garlic (Allium sativum L.), and their main components, such as propyl thiosulfinate oxide (PTSO) are being intended for active packaging with the purpose of maintaining and extending food product quality and shelf life. The present work aims to assess for the first time the potential mutagenicity/genotoxicity of PTSO (0-50 µM) using the following battery of genotoxicity tests: (1) the bacterial reverse-mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test, OECD 471); (2) the micronucleus test (OECD 487) (MN) and (3) the mouse lymphoma thymidine-kinase assay (OECD 476) (MLA) on L5178YTk(+/-), cells; and (4) the comet assay (with and without Endo III and FPG enzymes) on Caco-2 cells. The results revealed that PTSO was not mutagenic in the Ames test, however it was mutagenic in the MLA assay after 24 h of treatment (2.5-20 µM). The parent compound did not induce MN on mammalian cells; however, its metabolites (in the presence S9) produced positive results (from 15 µM). Data from the comet assay indicated that PTSO did not induce DNA breaks or oxidative DNA damage. Further in vivo genotoxicity tests are needed to confirm its safety before it is used as active additive in food packaging.
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mellado-García
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maisanaba
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puerto
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llana-Ruiz-Cabello
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.affiliation: Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pichardo
authors.affiliation: Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: camean@us.es.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cameán
mesh_terms: D000490:Allium / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D020552:Comet Assay; D018857:Food Packaging; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009154:Mutation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; C000608757:propyl thiosulfinate oxide
keywords: Active packaging; Ames test; Comet assay; MLA assay; Micronucleus test; PTSO