title: [Actigraphy in Bipolar Disorder and First Degree Relatives].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bipolar disorder is a disabling disease that involves a significant economic costs to the health system, making it is essential to investigate possible early predictors such as changes in sleep-wake cycle in high-risk populations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the available literature on alterations in the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythm in patients with bipolar disorder and their first degree relatives.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was performed in the data bases, Access Medicine, ClinicalKey, EMBASE, JAMA, Lilacs, OVID, Oxford Journals, ScienceDirect, SciELO, APA y PsycNET. Articles in both English and Spanish were reviewed, without limits by study type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Actigraphy is a non-invasive, useful method for assessing sleep-wake cycle disturbances in the active phases of bipolar disorder, and during euthymia periods. Actigraphy showed good sensitivity to predict true sleep, but low specificity, compared with polysomnography. Although studies in bipolar offspring and relatives are scarce, they show sleep changes similar to bipolar patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Actigraphy may be a good screening tool of sleep/wake cycle in patients with bipolar disorders, because it is economic, non-invasive and sensitive. Longitudinal studies are required to evaluate its potential use as a risk marker.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
authors.forename: Rommel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andrade Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
authors.forename: Sujey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gómez Cano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia. Electronic address: juan.palacio@udea.edu.co.
authors.forename: Juan David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Palacio Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García Valencia
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy / Q000379:methods*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D005192:Family Health; D006801:Humans; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020178:Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Actigrafía; Actigraphy; Bipolar disorder; Circadian rhythm; Ritmo circadiano; Sleep; Sueño; Trastorno bipolar