title: Caesarean Section--A Density-Equalizing Mapping Study to Depict Its Global Research Architecture.
abstract: Caesarean section (CS) is a common surgical procedure. Although it has been performed in a modern context for about 100 years, there is no concise analysis of the international architecture of caesarean section research output available so far. Therefore, the present study characterizes the global pattern of the related publications by using the NewQIS (New Quality and Quantity Indices in Science) platform, which combines scientometric methods with density equalizing mapping algorithms. The Web of Science was used as a database. 12,608 publications were identified that originated from 131 countries. The leading nations concerning research activity, overall citations and country-specific h-Index were the USA and the United Kingdom. Relation of the research activity to epidemiologic data indicated that Scandinavian countries including Sweden and Finland were leading the field, whereas, in relation to economic data, countries such as Israel and Ireland led. Semi-qualitative indices such as country-specific citation rates ranked Sweden, Norway and Finland in the top positions. International caesarean section research output continues to grow annually in an era where caesarean section rates increased dramatically over the past decades. With regard to increasing employment of scientometric indicators in performance assessment, these findings should provide useful information for those tasked with the improvement of scientific achievements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2020 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. doerthe.brueggmann@med.usc.edu.|Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. doerthe.brueggmann@med.usc.edu.
authors.forename: Dörthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brüggmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. arbmed-klinik@uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Lena-Katharina
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Löhlein
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. frank.louwen@kgu.de.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Louwen
authors.affiliation: Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. quarcoo@med.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Quarcoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2020 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. jenny.jaque@med.usc.edu.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaque
authors.affiliation: Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. klingelhoefer@med.uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: Doris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klingelhöfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Female Health and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. occup-med@uni-frankfurt.de.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Groneberg
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D062305:Geographic Mapping; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D007557:Israel; D009664:Norway; D011247:Pregnancy; D011642:Publications / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013548:Sweden; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States
keywords: caesarean section; density equalizing mapping; gender; research architecture; scientometrics