title: Gallbladder carcinoma: causes of misdiagnosis at CT.
abstract: Gallbladder carcinomas can present with varied imaging features on computed tomography. The three major imaging features include (1) focal or diffuse wall thickening with or without irregularity of the gallbladder; (2) polypoidal intraluminal mass; and (3) large mass obscuring and replacing the gallbladder, often extending to the liver. Patterns of wall thickening or polypoid growth are often confused with various benign gallbladder diseases due to overlap of imaging findings. Moreover, gallbladder carcinomas that coexist with benign gallbladder diseases make accurate preoperative diagnosis more difficult. Recently, high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) has been regarded as a problem-solving tool for gallbladder diseases. In this article, we will illustrate various imaging presentations of gallbladder cancer, along with imaging pitfalls and recently updated HRUS findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: rad2000@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Won
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media