title: Neuronal Regulation of Energy Homeostasis: Beyond the Hypothalamus and Feeding.
abstract: The essential role of the brain in maintaining energy homeostasis has motivated the drive to define the neural circuitry that integrates external and internal stimuli to enact appropriate and consequential metabolic and behavioral responses. The hypothalamus has received significant attention in this regard given its ability to influence feeding behavior, yet organisms rely on a much broader diversity and distribution of neuronal networks to regulate both energy intake and expenditure. Because energy balance is a fundamental determinant of survival and success of an organism, it is not surprising that emerging data connect circuits controlling feeding and energy balance with higher brain functions and degenerative processes. In this review, we will highlight both classically defined and emerging aspects of brain control of energy homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Waterson
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Electronic address: tamas.horvath@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Tamas L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Horvath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D044101:Receptors, Melanocortin