title: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Brazilian Xavante indigenous population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The raising prevalence of weight excess and of non-communicable diseases in indigenous populations, as well as changes in food consumption and reduction in the frequency and intensity of physical activity, suggest that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is also elevated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS and the frequency of its components in the Xavante adult population living in the Indian reservations of São Marcos and Sangradouro/Volta Grande, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 932 Xavante Indians aged 20 years or more, in the 2008-2012 period. The variables analysed were gender, age, weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, initial and 2-h capillary glycemia in a 75 g OGTT, levels of triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. The diagnostic criteria for MS proposed by the IDF and AHA/NHLBI were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MS was 66.1 % (95 % CI 63.0-69.2), being 76.2 % (95 % CI 72.4-80.0) in women and 55.6 % (95 % CI 51.0-60.2) in men. Women had higher prevalence of MS in all age groups. Elevated waist circumference and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol were the more frequent components in those with MS, and elevated blood pressure was the less frequent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of MS in the Xavante Indians is mainly due to the increased prevalence of weight excess that resulted from an intense change in their life-style, in a short period of time in a population with a genetic predisposition. These findings highlight the magnitude of this health problem and make an alert about the necessity to implement specific preventive interventions.
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, Bloco 2U, Uberlândia, MG CEP 38405-320 Brazil ; Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14049-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Padua
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14049-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Amaury Lelis Dal
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fabbro
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14049-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Anderson Soares
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14049-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela Saes
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sartorelli
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781/12º andar, São Paulo, SP CEP 04039-001 Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Ferreira
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781/12º andar, São Paulo, SP CEP 04039-001 Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Chamadoira
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781/12º andar, São Paulo, SP CEP 04039-001 Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina Santiago
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Moises
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 781/12º andar, São Paulo, SP CEP 04039-001 Brazil.
authors.forename: João Paulo Botelho
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vieira-Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14049-900 Brazil.
authors.forename: Laércio Joel
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Franco
keywords: Indian population; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Weight excess