title: Phylogenetic analysis of PR genes in some pome fruit species with the emphasis on transcriptional analysis and ROS response under Erwinia amylovora inoculation in apple.
abstract: Attempts were made to identify eight pathogenesis related (PR) genes (i.e., PR-1a, PR3-ch1, PR3-Ch2, PR3-Ch3, PR3-Ch4, PR3-Ch5, PR-5 and PR-8) from 27 genotypes of apple, quince and pear, which are induced in response to inoculation with the pathogen Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight. Totally, 32 PR genes of different families were obtained, excepting PR3-Ch2 (amplified only in apple) and PR3-Ch4 (amplified only in apple and pear), the others were successfully amplified in all the genotypes of apple, quince and pear. Evolutionary, the genes of each family exhibited significant homology with each other, as the corresponded phylogenetic neighbor-joining-based dendrograms were taken into consideration. Meanwhile, according to the expression assay, it was deduced that the pathogen activity can significantly affect the expression levels of some selected PR genes of PR3-Ch2, PR3-Ch4, PR3-Ch5 and particularly Cat I in both resistant (MM-111) and semi-susceptible (MM-106) apple rootstocks. Lastly, it was concluded that the pathogen E. amylovora is able to stimulate ROS response, particularly using generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in both aforementioned apple rootstock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Azad University (Science and Research Branch), P.O. Box 4933, Tehran, 14155, Iran. hasani.maryam64@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassani
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj, 31587, Iran. asalami@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Seyed Alireza
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Salami
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Division of Molecular Plant Genetics, College of Agricultural & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Tehran, Iran. jaber.nasiri@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Jaber
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nasiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, P.O. Box 4119, Karaj, 31585, Iran. Hamidabdollahi@spii.ir.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Azad University (Science and Research Branch), P.O. Box 4933, Tehran, 14155, Iran. zghahremani1979@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ghahremani
mesh_terms: D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D044084:Erwinia amylovora; D005638:Fruit; D017343:Genes, Plant; D027845:Malus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D031989:Pyrus / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C053376:pathogenesis-related proteins, plant
keywords: Erwinia amylovora; Fire blight; PR genes; Pome fruit species; ROS response