title: A Novel Immune Marker Model Predicts Oncological Outcomes of Patients with Colorectal Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to develop an in situ immune marker model to predict postoperative oncological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry for 13 immune cell markers was performed on tumor tissue microarrays from 300 CRC patients who underwent curative resection from January 2000 to January 2006. Genetic algorithm was applied for the construction of an in situ immune marker model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The infiltration of CD3+ cells, CD45RO+ cells, and FOXP3+ cells, but not the infiltration of Tryptase+ cells, in the tumor was significantly associated with better clinical outcome in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of CRC patients, as assessed by univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Based on the genetic algorithms, a total of 6 markers, including CD3, CD45RO, IL17, CD15, Tryptase, and FOXP3, were selected to construct an immune marker model. Our model was identified to have an independent predictive capability for both OS and DFS in Cox multivariable model (P < 0.001). This was further confirmed by the ROC analysis (area under curve: OS, 0.669; DFS, 0.684).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The in situ immune marker model constructed in this study provides a novel approach to identify CRC patients who were at an increased risk for poor oncological outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ruixue
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xianrui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaosheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinjuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. lanping@mail.sysu.edu.cn.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. lanping@mail.sysu.edu.cn.|Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China. lanping@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. wuxjian@mail.sysu.edu.cn.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. wuxjian@mail.sysu.edu.cn.|Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China. wuxjian@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000235:genetics*; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor