title: [Epidemiological characteristics of neonatal mortality in Peru, 2011-2012].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Describe the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal deaths in Peru.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study based on notifications to the Perinatal and Neonatal National Epidemiological Surveillance Subsystem (PNNESS) made in 2011-2012. The capture-recapture method was used to calculate the registration of the notification and estimate the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) nationally and by regions. Responses were made to the questions: where, when, who and why the newborns died.
  
  
  RESULTS
  6,748 neonatal deaths were reported to PNNESS, underreport 52.9%. A national NMR of 12.8 deaths/1,000 live births was estimated. 16% of deaths occurred at home and 74.2% of these were in the highlands region, predominantly in rural areas and poor districts. 30% died in the first 24 hours and 42% between 1 and 7 days of life. 60.6% were preterm infants and 39.4% were term infants. 37% had normal weight, 29.4% low weight, and 33.6% very low weight. Preventable neonatal mortality was 33%, being higher in urban and highland areas. 25.1% died of causes related with prematurity-immaturity; 23.5% by infections; 14.1% by asphyxiation and causes related to care during childbirth and 11% by lethal congenital malformation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal mortality in Peru is differentiated by setting; harms related to prematurity-immaturity dominated on the coast, while the highlands and jungle recorded more preventable neonatal mortality with a predominance of asphyxia and infections.
authors.affiliation: Dirección General de Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Perú
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ávila
authors.affiliation: UNICEF, Lima, Perú
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tavera
authors.affiliation: Hospital Regional de Cusco, Cusco, Perú
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrasco
mesh_terms: D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D007234:Infant, Premature; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy