title: Chemical characterization of milk oligosaccharides of the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus).
abstract: Previous structural characterizations of marsupial milk oligosaccharides have been performed in the tammar wallaby, red kangaroo, koala, common brushtail possum and the eastern quoll. To clarify the homology and heterogeneity of milk oligosaccharides among marsupial species, which could provide information on their evolution, the oligosaccharides of wombat milk carbohydrate were characterized in this study. Neutral and acidic oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of two samples of milk of the common wombat and characterized by (1) H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structures of six neutral saccharides were found to be Gal(β1-4)Glc (lactose), Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (3'-galactosyllactose), Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (3',3"-digalactosyllactose), Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc, Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (galactosyl lacto-N-novopentaose I) and Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-novooctaose), while those of six acidic saccharides were Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc. (sialyl 3'-galactosyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyl 3',3"-digalactosyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyl lacto-N-novopentaose a), Gal(β1-3)[Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyl lacto-N-novopentaose c), Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc,, Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc and Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-3)[Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc. In addition, small amounts of sulfated oligosaccharides but no oligosaccharides containing Neu5Gc or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac were detected.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Epi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taufik
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Division of Wildlife and Ecology, CSIRO, Lyneham, ACT, Australia.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Newgrain
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008394:Marsupialia; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides
keywords: Vombatus ursinus; common wombat; marsupial; milk oligosaccharide