title: CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell kinetics in aviremic HIV-infected patients developing Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is increased in HIV-infected individuals. We studied the kinetics of lymphocyte subsets in patients who subsequently developed HL or NHL while on virologically suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a nested case-control design, cases of HIV+ HL or NHL were selected from two prospective clinical studies. Aviremia was defined as less than 200 HIV-RNA copies/ml for at least 6 months prior to lymphoma diagnosis. Each case was matched to three aviremic HIV+ controls without lymphoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 81 cases (50 HL and 31 NHL), prediagnostic CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells displayed discordant kinetics compared with controls. Within the last and within the next-to-last year preceding HL diagnosis, mean CD4 T cells decreased by -168 and by -2 cells/μl, compared with an increase of +44 and +73 cells/μl in the controls, respectively. Mean CD8 T cells decreased by -352 and -115 cells/μl, compared with nonsignificant changes of -29 and ±0 cells/μl in the controls, respectively. T-cell kinetics demonstrated a marked inter-individual variability. Kinetics of CD4 and CD8 T cells were also discordant between NHL cases and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study on a large number of aviremic patients developing HL and NHL who were carefully matched with controls, gives insights to prediagnostic kinetics of immune parameters. The discordant kinetics of both CD4 and CD8 T cells are already seen 1-2 years prior to lymphoma diagnosis, are more pronounced during the last year and in patients developing HL but are also seen in NHL.
authors.affiliation: aICH Study Center Hamburg bDepartment of Medicine II, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel cDepartment I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne dMUC Research, Munich eDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Vivantes Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Berlin fDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg gMedical Center for Infectious Diseases (MIB), Berlin hIfi-Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine, Hamburg iDepartment of Medicine II, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt j German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Cologne kDepartment of Medicine III, Red Cross Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany. *Christian Hoffmann and Philipp Schommers contributed equally to the writing of this article. †Christoph Wyen and Marcus Hentrich share senior authorship.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schommers
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schultze
authors.forename: Ivanka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krznaric
authors.forename: Albrecht
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stoehr
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fäktenheuer
authors.forename: Bastian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stier
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wyen
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hentrich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents