title: An Insight into Recombination with Enterovirus Species C and Nucleotide G-480 Reversion from the Viewpoint of Neurovirulence of Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses.
abstract: A poliomyelitis outbreak caused by type 1 circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) was identified in China in 2004. Six independent cVDPVs (eight isolates) could be grouped into a single cluster with pathways of divergence different from a single cVDPV progenitor, which circulated and evolved into both a highly neurovirulent lineage and a less neurovirulent lineage. They were as neurovirulent as the wild type 1 Mahoney strain, recombination was absent, and their nucleotide 480-G was identical to that of the Sabin strain. The Guizhou/China cVDPV strains shared 4 amino acid replacements in the NAg sites: 3 located at the BC loop, which may underlie the aberrant results of the ELISA intratypic differentiation (ITD) test. The complete ORF tree diverged into two main branches from a common ancestral infection estimated to have occurred in about mid-September 2003, nine months before the appearance of the VDPV case, which indicated recently evolved VDPV. Further, recombination with species C enteroviruses may indicate the presence and density of these enteroviruses in the population and prolonged virus circulation in the community. The aforementioned cVDPVs has important implications in the global initiative to eradicate polio: high quality surveillance permitted earliest detection and response.
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuangli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Yorihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xufang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jorba
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongqiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Olen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kew
authors.affiliation: WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000067556:Internal Ribosome Entry Sites; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000941:Antigens; D000067556:Internal Ribosome Entry Sites; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014612:Vaccines; D014764:Viral Proteins