title: Multi-allergen Quantitation and the Impact of Thermal Treatment in Industry-Processed Baked Goods by ELISA and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: Undeclared food allergens account for 30-40% of food recalls in the United States. Compliance with ingredient labeling regulations and the implementation of effective manufacturing allergen control plans require the use of reliable methods for allergen detection and quantitation in complex food products. The objectives of this work were to (1) produce industry-processed model foods incurred with egg, milk, and peanut allergens, (2) compare analytical method performance for allergen quantitation in thermally processed bakery products, and (3) determine the effects of thermal treatment on allergen detection. Control and allergen-incurred cereal bars and muffins were formulated in a pilot-scale industry processing facility. Quantitation of egg, milk, and peanut in incurred baked goods was compared at various processing stages using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits and a novel multi-allergen liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) method. Thermal processing was determined to negatively affect the recovery and quantitation of egg, milk, and peanut to different extents depending on the allergen, matrix, and analytical test method. The Morinaga ELISA and LC-MS/MS quantitative methods reported the highest recovery across all monitored allergens, whereas the ELISA Systems, Neogen BioKits, Neogen Veratox, and R-Biopharm ELISA Kits underperformed in the determination of allergen content of industry-processed bakery products.
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Christine H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, United States.
authors.forename: Sefat E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Khuda
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, United States.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Mark M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
authors.forename: Tong-Jen
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology , Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
authors.forename: Xuebin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology , Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, United States.
authors.forename: Kristina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: James Ford Bell Technical Center, General Mills , 9000 Plymouth Avenue North, Golden Valley, Minnesota 55427, United States.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DeVries
authors.affiliation: James Ford Bell Technical Center, General Mills , 9000 Plymouth Avenue North, Golden Valley, Minnesota 55427, United States.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pulvermacher
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
authors.forename: Binaifer
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bedford
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology , Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration , 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States.
authors.forename: Lauren S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D010367:Arachis / Q000276:immunology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008892:Milk / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens
keywords: ELISA; baked goods; food allergens; mass spectrometry; thermal processing,