title: TaXA21-A1 on chromosome 5AL is associated with resistance to multiple pests in wheat.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The wheat ortholog of the rice gene OsXA21 against bacterial leaf blight showed resistance to multiple pests in bread wheat but different interacting proteins.
  A quantitative trait locus QYr.osu-5A on the long arm of chromosome 5A in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42; AABBDD) was previously reported to confer consistent resistance in adult plants to predominant stripe rust races, but the gene causing the quantitative trait locus (QTL) is not known. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used to saturate the QTL region. Comparative and syntenic regions between wheat and rice (Oryza sativa) were applied to identify candidate genes for QYr.osu-5A. TaXA21-A1, which is referred to as a wheat ortholog of OsXA21-like gene on chromosome 9 in rice, was mapped under the peak of the QYr.osu-5A. TaXA21-A1 not only explained the phenotypic variation in reaction to different stripe rust races but also showed significant effects on resistance to powdery mildew and Hessian fly biotype BP. The natural allelic variation resulted in the alternations of four amino acids in deduced TaXA21-A1 proteins. The interacting proteins of TaXA21-A1 were different from those identified by OsXA21 on rice chromosome 11 against bacterial leaf blight. TaXA21-A1 confers unique resistance against multiple pests in wheat but might not have common protein interactors or thus overlapping functions with OsXA21 in rice. XA21 function has diverged during evolution of cereal crops. The molecular marker developed for TaXA21-A1 would accelerate its application of the candidate gene at the QYr.osu-5A locus in wheat breeding programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA.|School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China.
authors.forename: Meiyan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Wheat Genetics, Quality, Physiology, and Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.|Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Wheat Genetics, Quality, Physiology, and Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.|Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
authors.forename: Xianming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA.
authors.forename: Brett F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Carver
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA. liuling.yan@okstate.edu.
authors.forename: Liuling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria; D001487:Basidiomycota; D016386:Chromosome Walking; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics; D004175:Diptera; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers