title: Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome and Ophthalmoplegia Caused by Varicella Zoster Virus with No Skin Eruption in a Patient Treated with Tumor Necrosis Alpha Inhibitor.
abstract: Varicella zoster virus lies dormant in the dorsal root ganglia after symptomatic chicken pox infection, usually in childhood. If the virus reactivates in the trigeminal ganglia, it can cause varicella zoster ophthalmicus, which can have severe ocular complications. We report a case of a 73-year-old woman in severe immunosuppression due to treatment with mycophenolate mofetil, glucocorticosteroids and a tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor. The reactivation caused superior orbital fissure syndrome, which has only rarely been described in relation to varicella zoster virus reactivation. In our case, the syndrome was seen along with severe encephalitis.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sidsel Thorup
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Stine Scott
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Signe Bruun
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Munksgaard
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindelof
keywords: Herpes zoster; Immunosuppression; Ophthalmoplegia; Orbital apex syndrome; Superior orbital fissure syndrome; Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor; Varicella zoster ophthalmicus; Varicella zoster virus