title: Ex vivo peripheral nerve detection of rats by spontaneous Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: Nerve-sparing surgery is increasingly being applied to avoid functional deficits of the limbs and organs following surgery. Peripheral nerves that should be preserved are, however, sometimes misidentified due to similarity of shape and color to non-nerve tissues. To avoid misidentification of peripheral nerves, development of an in situ nerve detection method is desired. In this study, we report the label-free detection of ex vivo peripheral nerves of Wistar rats by using Raman spectroscopy. We obtained Raman spectra of peripheral nerves (myelinated and unmyelinated nerves) and their adjacent tissues of Wistar rats without any treatment such as fixation and/or staining. For the identification of tissue species and further analysis of spectral features, we proposed a principal component regression-based discriminant analysis with representative Raman spectra of peripheral nerves and their adjacent tissues. Our prediction model selectively detected myelinated nerves and unmyelinated nerves of Wistar rats with respective sensitivities of 95.5% and 88.3% and specificities of 99.4% and 93.5%. Furthermore, important spectral features for the identification of tissue species were revealed by detailed analysis of principal components of representative Raman spectra of tissues. Our proposed approach may provide a unique and powerful tool for peripheral nerve detection for nerve-sparing surgery in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minamikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Photonics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman