title: Increased levels of etheno-DNA adducts and genotoxicity biomarkers of long-term exposure to pure diesel engine exhaust.
abstract: Etheno-DNA adducts are biomarkers for assessing oxidative stress. In this study, the aim was to detect the level of etheno-DNA adducts and explore the relationship between the etheno-DNA adducts and genotoxicity biomarkers of the diesel engine exhaust (DEE)-exposed workers. We recruited 86 diesel engine testing workers with long-term exposure to DEE and 99 non-DEE-exposed workers. The urinary mono-hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) and etheno-DNA adducts (εdA and εdC) were detected by HPLC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS, respectively. Genotoxicity biomarkers were also evaluated by comet assay and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The results showed that urinary εdA was significantly higher in the DEE-exposed workers (p<0.001), exhibited 2.1-fold increase compared with the non-DEE-exposed workers. The levels of urinary OH-PAHs were positively correlated with the level of εdA among all the study subjects (p<0.001). Moreover, we found that the increasing level of εdA was significantly associated with the increased olive tail moment, percentage of tail DNA, or frequency of micronucleus in the study subjects (p<0.01). No significant association was observed between the εdC level and any measured genotoxicity biomarkers. In summary, εdA could serve as an indicator for DEE exposure in the human population.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: shenmeili01@126.com.
authors.forename: Meili
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: binping78@163.com.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: 18210171876@139.com.
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: zhangxiaotiti@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: sunxin@chinacdc.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: huaweiduan@126.com.
authors.forename: Huawei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: niuyong1230@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: taotao198307@163.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: yf_dai@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yufei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. Electronic address: gaoweimin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Henan Provincial Institute for Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. Electronic address: chinastress@sina.com.
authors.forename: Shanfa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Henan Provincial Institute for Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. Electronic address: guizhengu@163.com.
authors.forename: Guizhen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: zhengyx@chinacdc.cn.
authors.forename: Yuxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D020552:Comet Assay; D004247:DNA; D018736:DNA Adducts; D004249:DNA Damage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D015415:Biomarkers; D018736:DNA Adducts; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D004247:DNA
keywords: Comet assay; Diesel engine exhaust; Etheno-DNA adducts; Micronucleus; OH-PAHs