title: Bacteria in a wood fungal disease: characterization of bacterial communities in wood tissues of esca-foliar symptomatic and asymptomatic grapevines.
abstract: Esca is a grapevine trunk disease (GTD) associated with different pathogenic fungi inhabiting the woody tissues. Bacteria can also be found in such tissues and they may interact with these fungal colonizers. Although such types of microbial interactions have been observed for wood diseases in many trees, this has never been studied for grapevine. In this study, the bacterial microflora of different vine status (esca-symptomatic and asymptomatic), different anatomical part (trunk and cordon) and different type of tissues (necrotic or not) have been studied. Based on Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analyses, data showed that (i) specific complexes of bacterial microflora colonize the wood of both necrotic and non-necrotic tissues of esca-foliar symptomatic and asymptomatic vines, and also that (ii) depending on the anatomical part of the plant, cordon or trunk, differences could be observed between the bacterial communities. Such differences were also revealed through the community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) with Biolog Ecoplates(TM). Two hundred seventeen bacterial strains were also isolated from plant samples and then assigned to bacterial species based on the 16S rRNA genes. Although Bacillus sp. and Pantoea agglomerans were the two most commonly isolated species from all kinds of tissues, various other taxa were also isolated. Inoculation of vine cuttings with 14 different bacterial species, and one GTD fungus, Neofusicoccum parvum, showed no impact of these bacteria on the size of the wood necroses caused by N. parvum. This study showed, therefore, that bacterial communities differ according to the anatomical part (trunk or cordon) and/or the type of tissue (necrotic or non-necrotic) of wood of grapevine plants showing external symptoms of esca disease. However, research into bacteria having a role in GTD development needs further studies.
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bruez
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haidar
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Maryam T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Alou
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vallance
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement EA-3991, Université de Haute-Alsace Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bertsch
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement EA-3991, Université de Haute-Alsace Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Flore
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mazet
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fermaud
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deschamps
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guerin-Dubrana
authors.affiliation: Bioresources Unit, Health and Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Tulln, Austria.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Compant
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rey
keywords: bacterial communities; esca; fungal disease; grapevine; microbiology