title: Three-Dimensional Metal-Catecholate Frameworks and Their Ultrahigh Proton Conductivity.
abstract: A series of three-dimensional (3D) extended metal catecholates (M-CATs) was synthesized by combining the appropriate metal salt and the hexatopic catecholate linker, H6THO (THO(6-) = triphenylene-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(olate)) to give Fe(THO)·Fe(SO4) (DMA)3, Fe-CAT-5, Ti(THO)·(DMA)2, Ti-CAT-5, and V(THO)·(DMA)2, V-CAT-5 (where DMA = dimethylammonium). Their structures are based on the srs topology and are either a 2-fold interpenetrated (Fe-CAT-5 and Ti-CAT-5) or noninterpenetrated (V-CAT-5) porous anionic framework. These examples are among the first catecholate-based 3D frameworks. The single crystal X-ray diffraction structure of the Fe-CAT-5 shows bound sulfate ligands with DMA guests residing in the pores as counterions, and thus ideally suited for proton conductivity. Accordingly, Fe-CAT-5 exhibits ultrahigh proton conductivity (5.0 × 10(-2) S cm(-1)) at 98% relative humidity (RH) and 25 °C. The coexistence of sulfate and DMA ions within the pores play an important role in proton conductivity as also evidenced by the lower conductivity values found for Ti-CAT-5 (8.2 × 10(-4) S cm(-1) at 98% RH and 25 °C), whose structure only contained DMA guests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; and Global Science Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.|Center for Molecular and NanoArchitecture (MANAR), Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City , Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Nhung T T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; and Global Science Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of New Architectures in Materials Chemistry, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Madrid 28049, Spain.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gándara
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; and Global Science Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Trickett
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; and Global Science Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
authors.forename: Hyung Mo
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; and Global Science Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.|Center for Molecular and NanoArchitecture (MANAR), Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City , Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Kyle E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; and Global Science Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.|King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology , Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Omar M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Yaghi