title: Pharmacotherapeutic options for treating adverse effects of Cisplatin chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cisplatin is widely used in the treatment of several tumors such as lung, ovarian and testicular cancer with different degrees of effectiveness, and its use is burdened by some side effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review includes the most important cisplatin side effects such as neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, nausea and vomiting. They can affect patient's quality of life and lead to treatment interruptions with effectiveness reduction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific mechanisms of cisplatin-induced DNA damage and production of reactive oxygen species are the main ones responsible of toxicity. Several clinical approaches have been developed to reduce or prevent these effects with very promising results. The greatest potential for clinical practice is for amifostine, vitamin E, silymarin and NK-1 receptor antagonists.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Medical Oncology , S.G. Moscati Hospital , Avellino , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santabarbara
authors.affiliation: a Division of Medical Oncology , S.G. Moscati Hospital , Avellino , Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maione
authors.affiliation: a Division of Medical Oncology , S.G. Moscati Hospital , Avellino , Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: a Division of Medical Oncology , S.G. Moscati Hospital , Avellino , Italy.
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gridelli
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Cisplatin; nausea; nephrotoxicity; neurotoxicity; ototoxicity; vomiting