title: The Effect of Hollyhock (Althaea officinalis L) Leaf Compresses Combined With Warm and Cold Compress on Breast Engorgement in Lactating Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
abstract: Breast engorgement affects lactation. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hollyhock combined with warm and cold compresses on improving breast engorgement in lactating women. Participants included 40 women with breast engorgement divided into intervention and control groups, with participants in both groups being applied routine interventions and warm compress before nursing and a cold compress after nursing; however, the intervention group was also applied hollyhock compress. Both groups received these treatments 6 times during 2 days. The data collected were analyzed in SPSS-16 using a generalized estimating equation. According to the results, a significant difference was observed in the overall breast engorgement severity in the intervention group (P < .001). The severity of breast engorgement was also found to have a significant relationship with time (P < .001). According to the findings, hollyhock leaf compress combined with performing routine interventions for breast engorgement can improve breast engorgement.
authors.affiliation: Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khosravan
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mohammadzadeh-Moghadam
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohammadzadeh
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran samane.ajam@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Samane Ajam Khames
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fadafen
authors.affiliation: Kashmar Nursing Faculty, Kashmar University of Medical Sciences, Kashmar, Iran.
authors.forename: Malihe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gholami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D031583:Althaea; D001940:Breast / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007775:Lactation Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations
keywords: breast engorgement; herbal compress; hollyhock (Althaea officinalis L); warm and cold compresses