title: Surface Texture and Optical Properties of Self-Adhering Composite Materials after Toothbrush Abrasion.
abstract: This study evaluated the surface texture and optical properties of two self-adhering composites and a nanofilled composite before and after toothbrush abrasion. Vertise Flow (Kerr), Fusio Liquid (Pentron Clinical) and Filtek Z350 XT (3M ESPE) composites were divided into 3 groups (n = 6). Disks of 12 mm diameter and 2 mm thick were made. All materials were light-cured with a LED light source for 40 seconds. Analyses of surface roughness, gloss retention and color stability were performed 24 hours after light curing and after 20,000 brushing cycles. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α = 5%).
  
  
  
  Tukey's test ascertained that toothbrush abrasion resulted in rougher and matte surfaces for all composites tested. Filtek Z350 presented better gloss retention after abrasion. On surface roughness evaluation, there was no statistical difference between Fusio Liquid Dentin and Filtek Z350 resins (p > 0.05). Vertise Flow resin showed better color stability (ΔE), than the other two materials.
  
  
  
  Nanofilled material presented better gloss retention but it did not produce the best results in aspects related to surface roughness and color stability compared to self-adhering composites.
  
  
  
  A simulation of degradation process by using toothbrush abrasion produced a rougher and matte surface in all composites tested. The surface texture was not only related to filler's amount present in materials, but also with the organic matrix composition of them. The results suggested that the constant development of new materials, seeking for a technical simplification, seems an innovative attraction for dentist's clinical routine, even though larger studies are necessary to promote to everyone a better understanding and improvement of action and effectiveness of this new class of materials.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Student, School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi RJ, Brazil, Phone: 02124945844, e-mail: carolinema-lavasi@msn.com.
authors.forename: Caroline Veiga
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Malavasi
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elisa Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Macedo
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karoline da Costa
authors.initials: Kda C
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Ferreira
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Rego
authors.affiliation: Nucleus for Dental Biomaterials Research, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro; School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Felipe Jochims
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi; School of Dentistry, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira, Niteroi RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larissa Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D003804:Dentin; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D013499:Surface Properties; D014099:Toothbrushing
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins
keywords: Laboratory research optical properties; Selfadhesive composite; Self-adhering composites; Self-adhesive materials; Surface texture; Toothbrush abrasion