title: High volume hydraulic fracturing operations: potential impacts on surface water and human health.
abstract: High volume, hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) processes, used to extract natural gas and oil from underground shale deposits, pose many potential hazards to the environment and human health. HVHF can negatively affect the environment by contaminating soil, water, and air matrices with potential pollutants. Due to the relatively novel nature of the process, hazards to surface waters and human health are not well known. The purpose of this article is to link the impacts of HVHF operations on surface water integrity, with human health consequences. Surface water contamination risks include: increased structural failure rates of unconventional wells, issues with wastewater treatment, and accidental discharge of contaminated fluids. Human health risks associated with exposure to surface water contaminated with HVHF chemicals include increased cancer risk and turbidity of water, leading to increased pathogen survival time. Future research should focus on modeling contamination spread throughout the environment, and minimizing occupational exposure to harmful chemicals.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Environmental Health Sciences , College of Public Health, The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mrdjen
authors.affiliation: a Division of Environmental Health Sciences , College of Public Health, The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.|b Department of Food Science and Technology , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D000067071:Hydraulic Fracking / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D060753:Water Quality
keywords: Fracking; public health; soil erosion; surface water; turbidity