title: Improving Emergency Providers' Attitudes Toward Sickle Cell Patients in Pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Provider biases and negative attitudes are recognized barriers to optimal pain management in sickle cell disease, particularly in the emergency department (ED).
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective cohort measures preintervention and postintervention providers' attitudes toward patients with sickle pain crises using a validated survey instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  ED providers viewed an eight-minute online video that illustrated challenges in sickle cell pain management, perspectives of patients and providers, as well as misconceptions and stereotypes of which to be wary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-six ED providers were enrolled. Negative attitude scoring decreased, with a mean difference -11.5 from baseline, and positive attitudes improved, with a mean difference +10. Endorsement of red-flag behaviors similarly decreased (mean difference -12.8). Results were statistically significant and sustained on repeat testing three months after intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brief video-based educational interventions can improve emergency providers' attitudes toward patients with sickle pain crises, potentially curtailing pain crises early, improving health outcomes and patient satisfaction scores.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: aditi.puri08@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puri Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Carlton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haywood
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Catherine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Beach
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guidera
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lanzkron
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Doris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valenzuela-Araujo
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea Freyer
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dugas
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013240:Stereotyping; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Sickle cell; pain crises; providers' attitudes; video intervention