title: Essential Oil Composition, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antiviral Activities of Teucrium pseudochamaepitys Growing Spontaneously in Tunisia.
abstract: The chemical composition, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antiviral activities of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Teucrium pseudochamaepitys (Lamiaceae) collected from Zaghouan province of Tunisia are reported. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirty-one compounds were identified representing 88.6% of the total essential oil. Hexadecanoic acid was found to be the most abundant component (26.1%) followed by caryophyllene oxide (6.3%), myristicin (4.9%) and α-cubebene (3.9%). The antioxidant capacity of the oil was measured on the basis of the scavenging activity to the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The IC50 value of the oil was evaluated as 0.77 mg·mL(-1). In addition, the essential oil was found to possess moderate cytotoxic effects on the HEp-2 cell line (50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50)=653.6 µg·mL(-1)). The potential antiviral effect was tested against Coxsackievirus B (CV-B), a significant human and mouse pathogen that causes pediatric central nervous system disease, commonly with acute syndromes. The reduction of viral infectivity by the essential oil was measured using a cytopathic (CPE) reduction assay.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit Applied Chemistry and Environment 13ES63, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. saoussenhammami@voila.fr.
authors.forename: Saoussen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hammami
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances LR99ES27, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. jmiihbib@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jmii
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bizerta, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerta, Tunisia. riridah@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Ridha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: El Mokni
authors.affiliation: Research Unit Applied Chemistry and Environment 13ES63, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. khmiriabd@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Abdelbaki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khmiri
authors.affiliation: Research Unit Applied Chemistry and Environment 13ES63, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. faidi_khaled@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Faidi
authors.affiliation: Research Unit Applied Chemistry and Environment 13ES63, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. hatem.dhaouadi.fsm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hatem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dhaouadi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bizerta, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerta, Tunisia. maitre.elaouni@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Mohamed Hédi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: El Aouni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances LR99ES27, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. mahjoub.ouni@fphm.rnu.tn.
authors.forename: Mahjoub
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aouni
authors.affiliation: Department of Phytochemistry, Regional Medical Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), Belgaum, Karnataka-590010, India. joshirk_natprod@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rajesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D031367:Teucrium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014416:Tunisia; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Teucrium pseudochamaepitys; antioxidant; antiviral; chemistry; cytotoxic