title: An inclusion complex of eugenol into β-cyclodextrin: Preparation, and physicochemical and antifungal characterization.
abstract: The inclusion of eugenol (EG) into β-cyclodextrin (βCD), its structural characterization and antifungal activity, and mode of action for control of Peronophythora litchii in postharvest fresh litchi fruits is described. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra revealed chemical shifts in H-3 and H-5 protons of βCD, indicating EG inclusion into the lipophilic cavity of βCD. In vitro assays showed βCD-EG significantly inhibited P. litchii colony growth in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (MIC100=0.2g). In vivo assays showed βCD-EG significantly (p<0.05) reduced the decay index of treated fresh litchi fruits. After exposure to βCD-EG, the surface of P. litchii hyphae and/or sporangiophores became wrinkled, with folds and breakage observed by scanning electron microscopy. Damage to hyphal and/or sporangiophore cell walls and membrane structures post-treatment with βCD-EG was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Therefore, βCD-EG shows great potential as a controlled-release agent against P. litchii.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Taotao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xuewu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yunfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: ymjiang@scbg.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yueming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005054:Eugenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D032125:Litchi / Q000737:chemistry*; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D005054:Eugenol; C031215:betadex
keywords: Eugenol; Fungicide; Inclusion complex; Mode of action; Peronophythora litchii