title: Detection of canine vector-borne diseases in eastern Poland by ELISA and PCR.
abstract: The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in eastern Poland and to determine the factors associated with exposure (seroposity) or infection (PCR). Anti-A. phagocytophilum, anti-B. burgdorferi and anti-E. canis antibodies were determined in 400 dogs, using the SNAP 4Dx ® test (IDEXX Laboratories). In addition, PCRs were performed for the detection of E. canis, A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi DNA. In reference to the risk factor analysis, a regression logistic model was determined for each aetiological agent. The overall seroprevalence was highest for B. burgdorferi (11.0 %), followed by A. phagocytophilum (8.0 %) and E. canis (1.5 %). Eleven healthy dogs were found to be infected with A. phagocytophilum, as determined by PCR, while the remainder were seronegative. For B. burgdorferi, the DNA of the spirochetes was detected in the blood of 20 dogs, while the presence of anti-B. burgdorferi IgG was detected in the sera of ten of these. For E. canis, none of the dogs tested positive by PCR. Tick control was included as a protective factor for A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi, while the origin (rural) was included as a risk factor for B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum infection. In addition, breed (pure) was a risk factor for B. burgdorferi infection, and sex (female) was a risk factor for E. canis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epizootiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 30 Głęboka St., 20-612, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dzięgiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Epizootiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 30 Głęboka St., 20-612, Lublin, Poland. ukaszek0@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Adaszek
authors.affiliation: Departamentoi de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, UCO, Campus Universitarios de Rabanales|, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carbonero
authors.affiliation: Department of Epizootiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 30 Głęboka St., 20-612, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Łyp
authors.affiliation: Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winiarczyk
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Laboratory of Radiology and Ultrasonography, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dębiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Epizootiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 30 Głęboka St., 20-612, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winiarczyk
mesh_terms: D041081:Anaplasma phagocytophilum / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004285:Dogs; D041061:Ehrlichia canis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013983:Tick Control
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Borrelia burgdorferi; Dogs; Ehrlichia canis; Poland; Vector-borne disease