title: Role of Ureaplasma Respiratory Tract Colonization in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Pathogenesis: Current Concepts and Update.
abstract: Respiratory tract colonization with the genital mycoplasma species Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum in preterm infants is a significant risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Recent studies of the ureaplasmal genome, animal infection models, and human infants have provided a better understanding of specific virulence factors, pathogen-host interactions, and variability in genetic susceptibility that contribute to chronic infection, inflammation, and altered lung development. This review provides an update on the current evidence supporting a causal role of ureaplasma infection in BPD pathogenesis. The current status of antibiotic trials to prevent BPD in Ureaplasma-infected preterm infants is also reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 8th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21093, USA. Electronic address: rviscard@umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Rose Marie
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Viscardi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333, Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Suhas G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kallapur
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007249:Inflammation; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014509:Ureaplasma; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; Macrolide antibiotics; Prematurity; Ureaplasma parvum; Ureaplasma urealyticum