title: Gastric Bypass Surgery Leads to Long-term Remission or Improvement of Type 2 Diabetes and Significant Decrease of Microvascular and Macrovascular Complications.
abstract: The aim of the study was to compare long-term outcomes of 2 groups of morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-1 managed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and a comparable group managed medically.
  
  
  
  The present study was a single-institution retrospective study. Of the 173 obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing gastric bypass surgery between January 2000 and July 2004, 78 patients (45%) were followed for at least 10 years. The control group consisted of 80 diabetic obese patients from the same period with similar body mass index, age, race, and severity of diabetes. The median follow-up was 11 years for both the groups.
  
  
  
  The group undergoing gastric bypass surgery had greater percentage of excess weight loss than the control group-66% versus -1.6%, respectively. Forty-one patients (52.6%) in the surgery group had complete remission of diabetes and 5 (6.4%) had partial remission. Twelve patients (15.4%) had diabetes recurrence after initial remission. No patient in the control group had remission of diabetes. Compared with the control group, the group undergoing gastric bypass surgery had a significantly reduced incidence of microvascular complications-46.3% versus 11.5%, and macrovascular complications-20.3% versus 5%, respectively (P < 0.01).
  
  
  
  In this study, we demonstrated that after 10 years of follow-up, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, compared with nonsurgical medical management, resulted in significantly greater weight loss, reduction in hemoglobin A1c, and use of antidiabetic medications, and very importantly a lower incidence of both microvascular and macrovascular complications in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA†Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University, Durham, NC‡Department of Surgery, Duke Center for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC§Division of Nutrition and Biochemical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand||Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC¶Rush University Center for Weight Loss and Bariatric Surgery, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Leonor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corsino
authors.forename: Prapimporn Chattranukulchai
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Shantavasinkul
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Portenier
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torquati
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*