title: A Nonrandomized Trial of Progressive Resistance Training Intervention in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Implications in Telomere Content.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physical activity is known to relieve the metabolic complications of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and exercise is also associated with telomere biology. We investigated the changes induced by progressive resistance training (PRT) in telomere content and metabolic disorder in women with PCOS and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five women with PCOS and 52 healthy women aged 18 to 37 years were submitted to PRT. A linear periodization of PRT was prepared based on a trend of decreasing volume and intensity throughout the training period. The volunteers performed PRT 3 times a week for 4 months. The participants' physical characteristics and hormonal concentrations were measured before and after PRT, as telomere content that was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Briefly, Progressive resistance training reduced waist circumference, body fat percentage, plasma testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations, glycemia, and free androgen index. Fasting insulin and insulin resistance index were greater in women with PCOS. Androstenedione and homocysteine increased after PRT. There were no differences in telomere content between controls (0.96 ± 0.3 before vs 0.85 ± 0.21 after) and women with PCOS (0.94 ± 0.33 before vs 0.88 ± 0.39 after). Adjusted analysis showed telomere shortening after PRT in all women (0.95 ± 0.31 before vs 0.86 ± 0.31 after; P = .03). In women with PCOS, increased homocysteine levels were related to telomere reduction and increased androstenedione was positively correlated with telomere content after PRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progressive resistance training had positive effects on the hormonal and physical characteristics of women with PCOS and controls, but telomere content was reduced and homocysteine level increased in all participants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiana Libardi
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Miranda-Furtado
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiene K Picchi
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gislaine Satyko
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kogure
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Santana-Lemos
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rui Alberto
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ferriani
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Tocantins
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Calado
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil romareis@fmrp.usp.br.
authors.forename: Rosana Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dos Reis
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016615:Telomere / Q000502:physiology*; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: androstenedione; homocysteine; polycystic ovary syndrome; progressive resistance training; telomere content