title: Insulin antibodies in patients with type 2 diabetic receiving recombinant human insulin injection: A report of 12 cases.
abstract: We report 12 cases of patients with type 2 diabetic receiving recombinant human insulin injection, who had uncontrolled hyperglycemia or frequent episodes of hypoglycemia, high levels of serum insulin and positive insulin antibodies. The clinical characteristics and insulin antibodies pharmacokinetics parameters were analyzed. After administration of glucocorticoids, changing insulin formulations or discontinuing the insulin and switching to oral antidiabetic agents, the level of insulin antibodies decreased and the plasma glucose restored. Thus, we recommend to identify the presence of high insulin antibodies in patients with type 2 diabetes who experience unexplained high plasma glucose or frequent reoccurrence of hypoglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The first affiliated hospital of Bengbu medical college, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai 3rd People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: cfl1993@126.com.
authors.forename: Fengling
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins