title: Simultaneous determination of trace benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles in water by large-volume injection/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.
abstract: Benzotriazole (BTR) and benzothiazole (BTH) derivatives have been acknowledged as emerging pollutants due to their widespread contamination in the environment and their adverse effects on aquatic organisms. A rapid and reliable analytical method, based on solid phase extraction (SPE) and large-volume injection, derivatized with N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA), and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), was developed for the determination of six 1,2,3-benzotriazoles and six 1,3-benzothiazoles in aquatic matrices. It was demonstrated that MTBSTFA had a better overall performance compared with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA). The method detection limits in tap water, river water and effluent samples were 0.050–1.3 ng L(−1), 0.057–1.8 ng L(−1) and 0.10–4.0 ng L(−1), respectively. Mean recoveries of the target analytes at different aquatic matrices, ranged from 43% to 131% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 17%. The method was successfully employed to river water and effluent sewage samples collected from a sewage treatment plant in Germany. Seven target compounds were detected with the maximum concentration up to 2.9 μg L(−1) for 4-Me-BTR in the effluent sample.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Department Applied Geology, Geoscience Centre of the University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. Electronic address: whxu@scsio.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Weihai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department Applied Geology, Geoscience Centre of the University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. Electronic address: tobias.licha@geo.uni-goettingen.de.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Licha
mesh_terms: D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005858:Germany; D057230:Limit of Detection; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D014230:Triazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D012722:Sewage; D014230:Triazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; C012771:benzotriazole; C005465:benzothiazole