title: Association between Dietary Patterns and Atopic Dermatitis in Relation to GSTM1 and GSTT1 Polymorphisms in Young Children.
abstract: Previous research suggests the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms or diet, but no interactions between these factors in atopic dermatitis (AD). We conducted a community-based case-control study including 194 AD and 244 matched non-AD preschoolers. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) present/null genotypes were evaluated uisng a multiplex PCR method. We measured dietary intakes by a validated food frequency questionnaire and constructed three dietary patterns such as "traditional healthy", "animal foods", and "sweets" diets. In stratified analyses by GST genotypes, the "traditional healthy" diet and reduced AD showed association only in the GSTM1-present group (odd ratio (OR) 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.75). A similar pattern of the association existed in the combined GSTM1/T1 genotype that indicated the inverse association between the "traditional healthy" diet and AD in the double GSTM1/T1-present genotype group (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.06-0.93). Results from the multiplicative test analyses showed that the "traditional healthy" diet on reduced AD was significant or borderline significant in the GSTM1-present group (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.92 vs. GSTM1-null group) or the GSTM1/T1 double present group (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.39-1.03 vs. GSTM1/T1 double null group). These findings demonstrate that the present type of GSTM1 may increase susceptibility to the potential effect of the "traditional healthy" diet on AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food &amp; Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. jchung@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jayong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Food &amp; Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. kamelon@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Sung-Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Food &amp; Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. ddottori@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hyogin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Food &amp; Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. fullmoon0118@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hyojung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine 13, Gangdong-daero, Pungnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05535, Korea. sjhong@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Soo-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Food &amp; Nutrition, Research Center for Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea. seyoung@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Se-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000235:genetics*; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D018977:Micronutrients; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1
keywords: GST gene; atopic dermatitis; dietary patterns; polymorphisms; young children