title: Health-related quality of life, psychological well-being, and sexual function in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia after prostatic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may receive prostatic surgery due to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This study aimed to investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), psychological well-being, and sexual function of patients with BPH after prostatic surgery and identify the predictors of HRQoL among this group of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study. A convenience sample of 94 participants was recruited from a urology center in a tertiary public hospital in Singapore. The 12-item Short Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) were used to measure the study variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the general population norms and the findings of similar studies conducted in western countries, this group of patients reported poorer physical health but better mental health as assessed by SF-12v2. Despite the prostatic surgery, over a quarter of the patients experienced moderate LUTS, and 13.8% experienced severe erectile dysfunction. Multiple linear regression analysis identified that LUTS (B=-0.51, p=0.02) and maximum flow rate (B=-0.23, p=0.02) predicted poor physical health, accounting for 45.9% of variance, while HADS-Anxiety (B=-1.07, p<0.01) and LUTS (B=-0.32, p=0.03) predicted poor mental health, accounting for 57.2% of variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The physical health of BPH patients with prostatic surgery was poor, with many suffering moderate LUTS and sexual dysfunction. Special attention should be given to those patients with severe LUTS who have a low maximum flow rate or have anxiety symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: canyouwakeupyouridea@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pierre W C
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nurww@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Wenru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nurjiy@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nurzhs@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Hussain Abdul Salam
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Zakir
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Surgical Cluster, National University of Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: poh_choo_toh@nuhs.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Poh Choo
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nurvl@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: nurhhg@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Hong-Gu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D012846:Singapore; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Anxiety; Benign prostatic hyperplasia; Depression; Health-related quality of life; Prostatic surgery; Sexual function