title: Genotype frequency of human neutrophil antigen-3 polymorphisms in the Yi, Han, and Tibetan populations of China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human neutrophil antigen-3 (HNA-3) alloantibodies can cause fatal transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). Most frequencies of SLC44A2 alleles encoding the HNA-3a/b antigens have been established in Han individuals by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP). We sequenced SLC44A2 gene fragments and determined allele frequencies in three ethnicities of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was extracted from 448 samples of 100 blood donors of Yi ethnicity in Xichang, Liangshan; 248 Han in Nanjing, Jiangsu; and 100 Tibetan in Lhasa, Tibet. A PCR-SSP was applied to determine the phase of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); SLC44A2 haplotypes were constructed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 567 nucleotides of the SLC44A2 gene covered by our sequencing approach in Han individuals, we detected the known 331-44G>A (rs12972963) and 461G>A (rs2288904) polymorphisms. In the 243 nucleotides sequenced in Yi and Tibetan populations, we detected the known 461G>A and 503-15T>C (rs1560711) polymorphisms. A PCR-SSP for the common HNA-3a/b SNP was 100% concordant. The frequencies of the HNA-3a allele were 0.58, 0.66, and 0.69 in Yi, Han (Nanjing), and Tibetan, respectively (0.42, 0.34, and 0.31 for HNA-3b).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Yi population of China had the highest frequency of blood donors at risk of harboring anti-HNA-3a compared to any population studied so far. We confirmed that the underlying SLC44A2*2 allele is more common in China than in any European or African populations.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing.|Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kshitij
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing.
authors.forename: Jianyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing.
authors.forename: Chengyin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Willy Albert
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Flegel
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D018609:Tibet
chemical_list: C518134:HNA-3a antigen, human; D007519:Isoantigens