title: Innate Immune Signaling Activated by MDR Bacteria in the Airway.
abstract: Health care-associated bacterial pneumonias due to multiple-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens are an important public health problem and are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to antimicrobial resistance, these organisms have adapted to the milieu of the human airway and have acquired resistance to the innate immune clearance mechanisms that normally prevent pneumonia. Given the limited efficacy of antibiotics, bacterial clearance from the airway requires an effective immune response. Understanding how specific airway pathogens initiate and regulate innate immune signaling, and whether this response is excessive, leading to host-induced pathology may guide future immunomodulatory therapy. We will focus on three of the most important causes of health care-associated pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and review the mechanisms through which an inappropriate or damaging innate immune response is stimulated, as well as describe how airway pathogens cause persistent infection by evading immune activation.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Dane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prince
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors