title: Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier-transform infrared spectromicroscopy for characterization of the protein/peptide distribution in single microspheres.
abstract: The present study establishes a visualization method for the measurement of the distribution and localization of protein/peptide constituents within a single poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microsphere using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier-transform infrared spectromicroscopy (SR-FTIR). The representative infrared wavenumbers specific for protein/peptide (Exenatide) and excipient (PLGA) were identified and chemical maps at the single microsphere level were generated by measuring and plotting the intensity of these specific bands. For quantitative analysis of the distribution within microspheres, Matlab software was used to transform the map file into a 3D matrix and the matrix values specific for the drug and excipient were extracted. Comparison of the normalized SR-FTIR maps of PLGA and Exenatide indicated that PLGA was uniformly distributed, while Exenatide was relatively non-uniformly distributed in the microspheres. In conclusion, SR-FTIR is a rapid, nondestructive and sensitive detection technology to provide the distribution of chemical constituents and functional groups in microparticles and microspheres.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China ; Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Manli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China ; School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Xianzhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China ; College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
authors.forename: Jingkai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China.
authors.forename: Tiqiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China ; Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China ; School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
authors.forename: Jiwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: Exenatide; Fourier-transform infrared spectromicroscopy; Microsphere; PLGA; Protein distribution