title: Development of a mouse model of infantile spasms induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate.
abstract: Using N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) injection, we attempt to develop a mouse model for infantile spasms (IS). Experiments were performed in postnatal 11- to 13-day-old C57 and Balbc mice. In the pilot experiment, mice were injected with different doses of NMDA (7, 15, and 30 mg/kg) to determine the optimal age and convulsant doses of NMDA. In further experiment optimal age mice were divided into five groups: group A, control group that received intraperitoneal injection of physiological saline; group B, convulsion group that was given intraperitoneal NMDA; group C, pretreatment group that received adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) injection (100 IU/kg) 30 min before NMDA administration; group D, electroencephalogram (EEG) group that received EEG recording, group E, performance group that received motor and learning test at different time point after NMDA administration. The behaviors of each group were observed continuously for 3h, the latency and the total numbers of spasms were recorded. Pilot experiments showed that a 15 mg/kg dose of NMDA could induce typical spasm-like seizures in P13 C57 mice, NMDA administration caused anxiety and deficits in motor and cognitive functions at early time and that large doses of ACTH reduced the number of seizures and rating scale (P<0.05). The NMDA mouse model has the following characteristics: age dependency, spasm-like seizures, cognitive impairment and response to ACTH, which fulfills the criteria of an IS model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: shixiuyu@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xiu-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: nkmsvan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fan
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: yukotomonoh@fukuoka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomonoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: huli3188@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Lin-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: jujun19840926@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: hirose@fukuoka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorder, Beijing 100069, China. Electronic address: zouliping21@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004569:Electroencephalography; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000633:toxicity*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000633:toxicity*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D013036:Spasms, Infantile / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D013045:Species Specificity; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
keywords: Adrenocorticotropic hormone; Infantile spasms; Model; Mouse; N-methyl-d-aspartate