title: Side effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki on the hymenopterous parasitic wasp Trichogramma chilonis.
abstract: Most of the detrimental effects of using conventional insecticides to control crop pests are now well identified and are nowadays major arguments for replacing such compounds by the use of biological control agents. In this respect, the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki and Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) parasitic wasp species are both effective against lepidopterous pests and can actually be used concomitantly. In this work, we studied the potential side effects of B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki on Trichogramma chilonis females. We first evidenced an acute toxicity of B. thuringiensis on T. chilonis. Then, after ingestion of B. thuringiensis at sublethal doses, we focused on life history traits of T. chilonis such as longevity, reproductive success and the time spent on host eggs patches. The reproductive success of T. chilonis was not modified by B. thuringiensis while a significant effect was observed on longevity and the time spent on host eggs patches. The physiological and ecological meanings of the results obtained are discussed.
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France. marcel.amichot@sophia.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-1993
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amichot
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Curty
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Benguettat-Magliano
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Armel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallet
authors.affiliation: INRA, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06900, Sophia Antipolis, France. eric.wajnberg@sophia.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wajnberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014863:Wasps / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis; Bioinsecticide; Biological control; Interaction; Life history traits; Trichogramma chilonis