title: Prevalence of and relationship between pulp and renal stones: A radiographic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of and the relationship between pulp and renal in affected patients and in healthy adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 240 patients participated in the study. Group A consisted of 120 patients who had renal calculi and Group B had 120 randomly selected controls for the study. The periapical radiographs for all patients were evaluated for the presence or absence of the narrowing of dental pulp chambers and pulp canals. The radiographs were also evaluated to determine the presence or absence of pulp stones. The results were compared and analyzed using the Chi-square test (p < 0.001).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 164 patients had pulp narrowing and 112 patients had pulp stones, which included 55 controls and 57 renal calculi patients. There was no statistical correlation between pulp narrowing and renal stones (p > 0.001) and also between pulp stones and renal stones (p > 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  However, there was no significant correlation between the presence of pulp stones and renal stones, and the incidental findings of pulp stones on periapical radiographs can provide useful information in the early diagnosis of the systemic calcifications.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, College of Dentistry, AlJouf University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Santosh R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Patil
keywords: Periapical radiograph; Pulp stone; Renal stone