title: Prevalence, Clinicopathological Characteristics, and Outcome of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer in Southern Chinese Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the global incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing, there is little information on southern Chinese population available.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 207 patients which constituted 63.5% of all newly diagnosed OPSCC in Hong Kong during a 5-year period from 2005 to 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used E6/7 mRNA as a marker of oncogenic involvement and found 20.8% (43/207) of OPSCC and 29.0% (36/124) of tonsillar SCC was associated with HPV. HPV-16 was identified in all cases except one (HPV-18). Patients with HPV-associated OPSCCs were significantly younger than HPV-negative patients (mean age: 59.8 vs. 63.9 years, P = 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that HPV-associated OPSCC was more likely to occur in nonsmokers (39.5% vs. 15.1%, OR: 2.89, P = 0.05), nondrinkers (52.5% vs. 25.6%, OR: 2.72, P = 0.04), originate from the palatine tonsils (83.7% vs. 53.7%, OR: 3.88, P = 0.01), present with an early primary tumor (T1/2; 79.1% vs. 47.6%, OR: 3.81, P = 0.004), and exhibit basaloid differentiation (33.3% vs. 7.3%, OR: 19.74, P = 0.006). HPV positivity was an independent predictor for better prognosis for both 5-year overall and 5-year disease-specific survivals (DSS; 63.0% vs. 29.7%, HR: 0.33, P < 0.001, and 87.8% vs. 42.6%, HR: 0.16, P < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The estimated age-standardized incidence of OPSCC in Hong Kong during the period 2005-2009 was 0.12/100,000/year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has provided the most comprehensive clinical and pathologic information to date about this newly recognized disease in southern Chinese. In view of the global trend, we should anticipate and prepare for an increase in HPV-related OPSCC in southern China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Eddy W H
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jimmy Y W
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Amy B W
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Caritas Medical Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chi Sing
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Caritas Medical Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Stephen T H
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Vincent S C
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Michael M H
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chi Man
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ngai
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Alexander C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vlantis
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Raymond K H
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China. paulkschan@cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Paul K S
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral