title: Detection of arecoline by simple high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method in Indian nontobacco pan masala.
abstract: Chewing the habit of blended pan masala containing areca nut with or without tobacco is a common practice in the Indian subcontinent. Arecoline, a pyridine alkaloid presence in areca nut alarmed for oral carcinogenesis and strictly prohibited in the western world. However, in India using blended pan masala is very popular among young and old individuals. In this context, we aimed to detect arecoline in Indian blended nontobacco pan masala sold in Kolkata using a simple densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method and for alarming their use in common people. Eleven popularly Indian blended nontobacco pan masala were collected from the territory of Kolkata and isolated arecoline, following solvent extraction method derived for pyridine alkaloid. The quantitative analysis of arecoline was measured using automated software-based HPTLC instruments and validated the method according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Arecoline was detected in all 11 blended nontobacco pan masala samples in a range of minimum 130 to maximum 415 μg/g dry samples. Arecoline is hazardous carcinogenic compound, so the use of Indian blended nontobacco pan masala should be restricted. Further, the method was found suitable for routine quantitative analysis of arecoline in areca nut containing substances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, R.G. Kar Medical College, Narendrapur, India.
authors.forename: Anjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Division, RKMA Quality Testing Laboratory (AYUSH), Narendrapur, India.
authors.forename: Alok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hazra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Tapas Kumar
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Sur
keywords: Alkaloid; areca nut; arecoline; high-performance thin-layer chromatographic; pan masala