title: Regenerating gene (REG) product and its potential clinical usage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The regenerating gene (Reg) was identified in regenerating islets and its related genes were revealed to constitute the Reg gene family. Reg family proteins act as growth factors for several cells. Recently, autoimmunity against the Reg family proteins has been reported in several diseases. In addition, the Reg family genes were found to be expressed in a large number of cancers and to influence prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The historical background and current view of the structure, function, and expression of Reg family genes/proteins and their physiological/pathological significance in several diseases are described. Based on the findings, the diagnostic/therapeutic potential of Reg family genes/proteins is also discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autoimmunity against Reg family proteins may be a new diagnostic marker and/or therapeutic target for immune-mediated diseases. Treatment aimed at the expansion of the β-cell mass by the Reg genes/proteins, combined with the abrogation of autoimmunity, constitutes a potential approach for the treatment of diabetes. Conversely, some cancer cells have gained the ability to overexpress the Reg genes/proteins, thereby enhancing their proliferative capacities, resulting in these cells having a considerable growth advantage. Thus, the Reg genes/proteins are expected to be a new prognostic marker in cancer and/or a future therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry , Nara Medical University , Kashihara , Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takasawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D051847:Lithostathine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D051847:Lithostathine
keywords: Cancer prognosis marker; Reg gene family; diabetes; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase