title: Full genome characterization of the first G3P[24] rotavirus strain detected in humans provides evidence of interspecies reassortment and mutational saturation in the VP7 gene.
abstract: During the 2008-2009 rotavirus season of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention New Vaccine Surveillance Network, one case of paediatric acute gastroenteritis associated with a rotavirus G14P[24] strain was identified. This was the first detection of the genotype G14 and P[24] in humans, and the first detection of the G14P[24] combination. To gain an insight into the origins and the evolution of this strain, we determined the complete ORF sequences of all 11 genes. A majority of the genes identified were similar to the simian strain TUCH, except for the VP1 and VP7 genes that clustered only distantly with the bovine and equine strains, respectively. In addition, this strain carried AU-1-like NSP2 and NSP4 genes. Using codon-partitioning and protein-based phylogenetic approaches, we determined that the VP7 genotype of strain 2009727118 was actually G3; therefore, the proposed full genomic classification of the 2009727118 strain is G3-P[24]-I9-R2-C3-M3-A9-N3-T3-E3-H6. These findings indicate the possibility that the 2009727118 strain originated by interspecies transmission and multiple reassortment events involving human, bovine and equine rotaviruses, resulting in the introduction of some genes into the genome of simian rotaviruses. Additionally, we found evidence of mutational saturation in the third codon position of the VP7 ORF which presented an issue with homoplasy in phylogenetic analyses.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases (DVD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA.
authors.forename: Slavica
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mijatovic-Rustempasic
authors.affiliation: Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases (DVD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA.
authors.forename: Sunando
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases (DVD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Teel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 690, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: Geoffrey A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.affiliation: Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases (DVD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.affiliation: Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases (DVD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA.
authors.forename: Umesh D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Parashar
authors.affiliation: Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases (DVD), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Bowen
mesh_terms: D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; C050779:VP7 protein, Rotavirus