title: Percutaneous Closure of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defects Using the Second-Generation Amplatzer Vascular Occluders.
abstract: Earlier attempts at percutaneous closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (Pm VSDs) were abandoned because of incidence of heart block likely as a result of device rigidity and/or oversizing. This is retrospective review and data reporting of patients who underwent percutaneous closure using the softer second-generation Amplatzer vascular occluders; namely the Amplatzer vascular plug, second generation, (AVP II) and the Amplatzer duct occluder, second generation (ADO II) in our institution. A total of 20 patients were identified; AVP II was used in 9 patients and ADO II in 11 patients. Median weight was 13.45 kg (range 6.5 to 76); age 28.5 months (range 11 to 352). After procedure, 4 were noted to have aortic insufficiency; trivial in 3 and mild in 1 (unrelated to the device). Mild tricuspid regurgitation possibly device or procedure related was seen in 4. Residual flow through the device was common after procedure and disappeared in all but 3, graded as trivial in 1, small in 2. Average follow-up period was 7.54 months ± 7.5 (1 day to 25 months). There was no incidence of heart block, bacterial endocarditis, hemolysis, device embolization, or fracture. The aortic insufficiency resolved in 1 patient and was estimated to be trivial in the remaining 3 patients. In conclusion, percutaneous closure of Pm VSDs using the softer new generation devices as the AVP II and the ADO II is feasible and safe. Longer follow-up and larger series are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi. Electronic address: mebeid@umc.edu.
authors.forename: Makram R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ebeid
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Sarosh P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Batlivala
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Jorge D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Ahmad Charaf
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Eddine
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Avichal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dodge-Khatami
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maposa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult