title: A scoping review of end user involvement in disability research.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Involving clients and consumers of health care in research, policy and health service development has been widely advocated for across a number of different fields and disciplines. Despite some promising evidence, 'end users' have not been meaningfully involved in all stages of the research process in the area of disability research.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a scoping review on end user involvement in disability research, service and policy development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature was searched using electronic databases, hand searching reference lists of papers and grey literature. Electronic databases searched included the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. The search was restricted to articles published in English between January 2000 and April 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two clear themes emerged from a review of twenty-seven articles. Firstly, end users can benefit research as 'experts of experience' through their role as a co-researcher. Secondly, evidence suggests end users add value at different stages of the research process in this role. However, less is understood about end user involvement in the latter stages of the research process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review suggests that end users can meaningfully contribute to the quality of disability research. End users are likely to engage in research with differing perspectives, desires to be involved at distinct stages of the process, differing roles and different abilities to participate in the research. Academic rigor, however, must be maintained by the researcher.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: nerida.joss@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Nerida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Joss
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Judith Lumley Centre, Latrobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cooklin
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
mesh_terms: D003256:Community Participation; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D006291:Health Policy; D006296:Health Services; D006801:Humans; D012106:Research
keywords: Disability; End user; Neurotrauma; User involvement