title: Highly Oxygenated Sesquiterpene Lactones from Cousinia aitchisonii and their Cytotoxic Properties: Rhaserolide Induces Apoptosis in Human T Lymphocyte (Jurkat) Cells via the Activation of c-Jun n-terminal Kinase Phosphorylation.
abstract: Infrared-guided chromatographic fractionation of sesquiterpene lactones from the extracts of Cousinia aitchisonii and Cousinia concolor led to the isolation of five pure compounds. A new sesquiterpene lactone, namely, aitchisonolide, and two known sesquiterpene lactones (desoxyjanerin and rhaserolide) were isolated from C. aitchisonii and two known lignans (arctiin and arctigenin) from C. concolor. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry. The purified and characterized compounds were subjected to cytotoxicity assay. The sesquiterpene lactones desoxyjanerin and rhaserolide showed significant cytotoxic activities against five different cancer cell lines and the normal human embryonic kidney cell line. Rhaserolide was chosen to evaluate the possible mechanism of action. Western blot analysis revealed that rhaserolide could induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells via the activation of c-Jun n-terminal kinase phosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 91735, Iran.
authors.forename: Milad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iranshahy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tayarani-Najaran
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 91735, Iran.
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasaian
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 91735, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghandadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmcognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Emami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmcognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Asili
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, Beutenberg Campus, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Jima N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, Beutenberg Campus, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 91735, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iranshahi
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C000608694:rhaserolide; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Asteraceae; Cousinia; Jurkat cells; c-Jun N-terminal kinase; cytotoxic; sesquiterpene lactone