title: Reliability of the hand held dynamometer in measuring muscle strength in people with interstitial lung disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the hand held dynamometer in measuring muscle strength in people with interstitial lung disease (ILD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Test retest reliability of hand-held dynamometry for elbow flexor and knee extensor strength between two independent raters and two testing sessions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physiotherapy department within a tertiary hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty participants with ILD of varying aetiology were included. Twenty participants completed the inter-rater reliability protocol (10 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, mean (SD) age 73 (10) years, 11 male) and 21 participants completed the intra-rater reliability protocol (10 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, mean age 71 (10) years, 11 male).
  
  
  METHODS
  Mean muscle strength (kg). Agreement between the two raters and testing sessions was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots and reliability was estimated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For elbow flexor strength there was a mean difference between raters of -0.6kg (limits of agreement (LOA) -5.6 to 4.4kg) and within raters of -0.3kg (LOA -2.8 to 2.3kg). The ICCs were 0.95 and 0.98, respectively. For knee extensor strength there was a mean difference between raters of -1.5kg (LOA -6.9 to 3.9kg) and within raters of -0.7kg (LOA -3.9 to 2.4kg). The ICCs were 0.95 and 0.97, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hand-held dynamometry is reliable in measuring elbow flexor and knee extensor strength in people with ILD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University/Alfred Health Clinical School, Alfred Centre, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg VIC 3084, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia. Electronic address: leona.dowman@austin.org.au.
authors.forename: Leona
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dowman
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia. Electronic address: christine.mcdonald@austin.org.au.
authors.forename: Christine F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg VIC 3084, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia. Electronic address: catherine.hill@austin.org.au.
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia. Electronic address: Annemarie.Lee@westpark.org.
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia. Electronic address: Kathryn.Barker2@wh.org.au.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia. Electronic address: Claire.Boote@wh.org.au.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boote
authors.affiliation: Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine Department, Alfred Health, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia. Electronic address: glassher@bigpond.net.au.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Glaspole
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Allergy, Immunology & Respiratory Medicine Department, Alfred Health, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia. Electronic address: nicole.goh@austin.org.au.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory & Sleep Disorders Medicine, Western Health, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia. Electronic address: AnneMarie.Southcott@wh.org.au.
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Southcott
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia. Electronic address: A.burge@alfred.org.au.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burge
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University/Alfred Health Clinical School, Alfred Centre, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia. Electronic address: rebeccandongo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ndongo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia. Electronic address: Alicia.Martin@wh.org.au.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University/Alfred Health Clinical School, Alfred Centre, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia. Electronic address: A.Holland@alfred.org.au.
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Holland
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Interstitial lung diseases; Muscle strength; Muscle strength dynamometer; Reliability and validity