title: Computer-aided design and computer-aided modeling (CAD/CAM) generated surgical splints, cutting guides and custom-made implants: Which indications in orthognathic surgery?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the present report was to describe our indications, results and complications of computer-aided design and computer-aided modeling CAD/CAM surgical splints, cutting guides and custom-made implants in orthognathic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the clinical and radiological data of ten consecutive patients with dentofacial deformities treated using a CAD/CAM technique. Four patients had surgical splints and cutting guides for correction of maxillomandibular asymmetries, three had surgical cutting guides and customized internal distractors for correction of severe maxillary deficiencies and three had custom-made implants for additional chin contouring and/or mandibular defects following bimaxillary osteotomies and sliding genioplasty. We recorded age, gender, dentofacial deformity, surgical procedure and intra- and postoperative complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the patients had stable cosmetic results with a high rate of patient satisfaction at the 1-year follow-up examination. No intra- and/or postoperative complications were encountered during any of the different steps of the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that the application of CAD/CAM patient-specific surgical splints, cutting guides and custom-made implants in orthognathic surgery allows for a successful outcome in the ten patients presented in this series.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland. Electronic address: paolo.scolozzi@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scolozzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013165:Splints; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chirurgie assistée par ordinateur; Chirurgie orthognathique; Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing software (CAD/CAM); Computer-assisted surgery; Logiciels de conception et de dessin assistés par ordinateur (CAO-DAO); Orthognathic surgery; Planification chirurgicale virtuelle; Virtual surgical planning