title: Systematic inequality and hierarchy in faculty hiring networks.
abstract: The faculty job market plays a fundamental role in shaping research priorities, educational outcomes, and career trajectories among scientists and institutions. However, a quantitative understanding of faculty hiring as a system is lacking. Using a simple technique to extract the institutional prestige ranking that best explains an observed faculty hiring network-who hires whose graduates as faculty-we present and analyze comprehensive placement data on nearly 19,000 regular faculty in three disparate disciplines. Across disciplines, we find that faculty hiring follows a common and steeply hierarchical structure that reflects profound social inequality. Furthermore, doctoral prestige alone better predicts ultimate placement than a U.S. News & World Report rank, women generally place worse than men, and increased institutional prestige leads to increased faculty production, better faculty placement, and a more influential position within the discipline. These results advance our ability to quantify the influence of prestige in academia and shed new light on the academic system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. ; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. ; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clauset
authors.affiliation: Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arbesman
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Larremore
keywords: faculty placement; hierarchy; hiring networks; inequality; prestige