title: Photoconjugation of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Detection of Propranolol.
abstract: We report a simple and versatile method to covalently immobilize molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles on a Raman active substrate (Klarite) using a disulfide-derivatized perfluorophenylazide (PFPA-disulfide). Gold-coated Klarite was functionalized with PFPA-disulfide via a gold-sulfur bond. Upon light radiation, the available azido groups were converted to highly reactive singlet perfluorophenyl nitrene that undergoes a CH insertion reaction and form covalent bonds with the MIP nanoparticles. The resulting surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to study the morphology and template affinity of the surfaces, respectively. The Raman measurements clearly show a dose-responsive signal when propranolol binds to the MIP surface. Because the MIP particles were covalently attached to the Raman active substrate, the sensing surface was stable and could be reused after regeneration in acetic acid solution. The MIP-based Raman sensor was used successfully to detect propranolol in urine samples (7.7 × 10(-4) M). Our results show that the high selectivity of MIPs and the fingerprint Raman identification can be integrated into a compact sensing unit using high-efficiency photoconjugation. Thus, the method proposed is reliable, efficient and fast for fabricating label-free chemical sensors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University , Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.|Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University , Box 118, 221 00 Lund Sweden.
authors.forename: Tripta
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamra
authors.affiliation: Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University , Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Changgang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University , Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montelius
authors.affiliation: Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University , Box 118, 221 00 Lund Sweden.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schnadt
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell , 1 University Ave., Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.
authors.forename: Samurdhi A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wijesundera
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell , 1 University Ave., Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States.|Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 30, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mingdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University , Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D011433:Propranolol
keywords: Klarite; molecularly imprinted polymers; perfluorophenylazide disulfide; photocoupling; propranolol; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; urine