title: Proteomic analysis of tylosin-resistant Mycoplasma gallisepticum reveals enzymatic activities associated with resistance.
abstract: Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a significant pathogenic bacterium that infects poultry, causing chronic respiratory disease and sinusitis in chickens and turkeys, respectively. M. gallisepticum infection poses a substantial economic threat to the poultry industry, and this threat is made worse by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. The mechanisms of resistance are often difficult to determine; for example, little is known about antibiotic resistance of M. gallisepticum at the proteome level. In this study, we performed comparative proteomic analyses of an antibiotic (tylosin)-resistant M. gallisepticum mutant and a susceptible parent strain using a combination of two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and nano-liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. Thirteen proteins were identified as differentially expressed in the resistant strain compared to the susceptible strain. Most of these proteins were related to catalytic activity, including catalysis that promotes the formylation of initiator tRNA and energy production. Elongation factors Tu and G were over-expressed in the resistant strains, and this could promote the binding of tRNA to ribosomes and catalyze ribosomal translocation, the coordinated movement of tRNA, and conformational changes in the ribosome. Taken together, our results indicate that M. gallisepticum develops resistance to tylosin by regulating associated enzymatic activities.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Detection for Veterinary Drug Residue and Illegal Additive, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Congming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yaowen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mengjiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Detection for Veterinary Drug Residue and Illegal Additive, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuangyang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.|College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D045686:Mycoplasma gallisepticum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015645:Tylosin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004798:Enzymes; D020543:Proteome; D015645:Tylosin