title: Effects of ethanol on the electrochemical removal of Bacillus subtilis spores from water.
abstract: This study aimed to characterize the effects of ethanol on the monopolar electrochemical process to remove Bacillus subtilis spores from drinking water. In particular, spores' destruction was tested by applying 20-100 mA current for 15-60 min to B. subtilis spores (10(2)-10(4) CFU/mL density), with stainless steel electrodes. The experimental results showed electrochemical removal of spores in the presence of 0.4 M ethanol at 15, 45, and 60 min and 5 mA/cm(2) current density. However, the use of ethanol or the electrochemical process alone did not eliminate B. subtilis spores at these time points. Overall, this study suggests that adding ethanol to the electrochemical process successfully removes B. subtilis spores from drinking water.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masuma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moghaddam Arjmand
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, and Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nasseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Said
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eshraghi