title: Detection of Goss's Wilt Pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis in Maize by Loop-Mediated Amplification.
abstract: The Goss's wilt pathogen, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, can cause considerable losses in maize (Zea mays) production. Diagnosis of Goss's wilt currently is based on symptomology and identification of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, following isolation on a semiselective medium and/or serological testing. In an effort to provide a more efficient identification method, a loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) assay was developed to detect the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP)-type C4-dicarboxylate transport system large permease component and tested using strains of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, all other C. michiganensis subspecies and several genera of nontarget bacteria. Only strains of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis reacted positively with the LAMP assay. The LAMP assay was then used to identify bacterial isolates from diseased maize. 16S rDNA and dnaA sequence analyses were used to confirm the identity of the maize isolates and validate assay specificity. The Cmm ImmunoStrip assay was included as a presumptive identification test of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis at the species level. The Cmn-LAMP assay was further tested using symptomatic leaf tissue. The Cmn-LAMP assay was run in a hand-held real-time monitoring device (SMART-DART) and performed equally to in-lab quantitative polymerase chain reaction equipment. The Cmn-LAMP assay accurately identified C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis and has potential as a field test. The targeted sequence also has potential application in other molecular detection platforms.
authors.affiliation: First author: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and second and fifth authors: Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and third and fourth authors: DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131.
authors.forename: Jarred
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yasuhara-Bell
authors.affiliation: First author: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and second and fifth authors: Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and third and fourth authors: DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131.
authors.forename: Asoka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Silva
authors.affiliation: First author: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and second and fifth authors: Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and third and fourth authors: DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Heuchelin
authors.affiliation: First author: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and second and fifth authors: Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and third and fourth authors: DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chaky
authors.affiliation: First author: Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and second and fifth authors: Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu 96822; and third and fourth authors: DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131.
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alvarez
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial