title: Internet based personalized feedback interventions for gamblers in Singapore: First results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Problem or pathological gambling has been a worldwide concern in the recent years, especially so with the advances in the technology, facilitating easier access to various means of gambling. Along with the advances in web-based and smartphone technologies, these technologies have been recently applied as adjunctive clinical tools to help gamblers. Taking into careful consideration the existing evidence base for Internet based interventions for pathological gambling, it seemed that the current published literature has demonstrated largely the efficacy of a personalized feedback intervention for pathological gambling; and further studies are still under-going to try and demonstrate the clinical feasibility of online web-based cognitive behavioral interventions for pathological gamblers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Given this, the aims of the current study are to (a) replicate an online personalized feedback intervention and determine its receptiveness in an Asian cohort of gamblers; and (b) to identify the demographics and characteristics of Asian gamblers who would utilize an online intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  The workgroup at the National Addiction Management Service, Singapore conceptualized the online personalized feedback intervention for gamblers. The English version was launched on the 31st of March 2014 and the Chinese version was launched on the 30th of September 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A cumulative total of 708 participants took part with rhe mean age of the participants being 32.70 (SD = 11.638), with 89.1% males and 10.9% females. The mean problem gambling severity score (PGSI) was 10.80 (SD = 8.13), with the vast majority participating in Casino gambling on board a cruise (36.0%). Of significance, approximately 59.2% of the participants who sought help with our online e-intervention did have a diagnosis of problem gambling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is one of the first few studies to demonstrate and replicate the potential use of an Internet based intervention for non-problem and problem gamblers. The current study has demonstrated that individuals are generally receptive towards such an intervention.
authors.forename: Melvyn W B
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Christopher C S
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cheok
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000628:therapy*; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012846:Singapore; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Gambling; Internet intervention; Singapore; addiction