title: Ibuprofen removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands: treatment performance and fungal community dynamics.
abstract: The treatment performance of ibuprofen (IBP)-enriched wastewater by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands planted with cattail (Typha angustifolia) and unplanted control mesocosms was investigated. Removal efficiencies of IBP were significantly (p < .05) enhanced in the planted mesocosms (78.5%) compared to those in the unplanted beds (57.9%). An 18S rRNA gene high-throughput pyrosequencing approach was used to investigate the effects of IBP on the structure of the fungal community in these wetland systems. The overall diversity of the fungal community was reduced under the IBP exposure. Taxonomic analysis revealed that 62.2% of the fungal sequences were affiliated with Basidiomycota, followed by Ascomycota (37.4%) at the phylum level. Uncultured fungus (48.2%), Chaetomium sp. (14.2%), Aspergillus sp. (12.4%), Trichoderma sp. (5.7%), Cladosporium sp. (5.4%), and Emericellopsis sp. (5.2%) were identified as dominant genera. At the genus level, a distinct profile of the fungal community in the IBP-enriched mesocosms was observed as compared to the control beds, and as well specific fungal genera were enhanced in the planted beds, regardless of IBP enrichment. However, despite these differences, the composition of the fungal community (as measured by Bray-Curtis similarity) was mostly unaffected by the significant IBP enrichment. On the other hand, a consistent similarity pattern of fungal community structure in the planted mesocosms suggests that the presence of higher macrophytes in the wetland systems may well help shape the fungal community structure.
authors.affiliation: a Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore.
authors.forename: Dongqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: b Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinxue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: a Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore.
authors.forename: Zarraz May Ping
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: c Graduate School of Public Health , San Diego State University , San Diego , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gersberg
authors.affiliation: a Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore.
authors.forename: Soon Keat
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: a Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore , Singapore.
authors.forename: Wun Jern
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D014872:Water Movements; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D007052:Ibuprofen; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Constructed wetland; fungal community; ibuprofen; pyrosequencing; treatment performance