title: Exploring a self-help coping intervention for pregnant women with a miscarriage history.
abstract: Pregnant women with a history of miscarriages experience symptoms of anxiety and depression in a subsequent pregnancy and are in need of support in the period after miscarriage, when trying to get pregnant again and during the first phase of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a Positive Reappraisal Coping Intervention (PRCI) and Daily Record Keeping (DRK) chart, developed for use in assisted conception treatment, are also appropriate for use in pregnant women with a history of miscarriage(s). In this convergent parallel mixed method study, thirteen women visiting an Early Pregnancy Unit and/or Recurrent Miscarriage Clinic in a university medical center in the Netherlands were selected on the basis of the number of miscarriages and age. Exclusion criteria were not speaking the Dutch language, pregnancy after fertility treatment and having a medical cause identified for the miscarriages. Women used the PRCI and DRK for 3 weeks in a subsequent pregnancy. Quantitative data were obtained from the DRK and were analyzed by reporting frequencies and means for each case. Qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews and were analyzed by using thematic analysis. The majority of the women were able to use the PRCI and DRK for 3weeks. Women adapted the way in which they used the PRCI and DRK based on their judgment about the effect, the intensity of the emotions they experienced, or whether they felt the effort to use these instruments to be worthwhile or not.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: h.d.l.ockhuysen@umcutrecht.nl.
authors.forename: Henrietta D L
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Ockhuijsen
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van den Hoogen
authors.affiliation: Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
authors.forename: Jacky
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.affiliation: University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Macklon
authors.affiliation: VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fijgje
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Boer
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Coping intervention; Miscarriage; Mixed method; Pregnancy; Waiting period