title: LAP TGF-Beta Subset of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) Treg Cells is Increased and Overexpresses LAP TGF-Beta in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients.
abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Adenocarcinoma, the most commonly diagnosed histologic type of lung cancer, is associated with smoking. Cigarette smoke promotes inflammation on the airways, which might be mediated by Th17 cells. This inflammatory environment may contribute to tumor development. In contrast, some reports indicate that tumors may induce immunosuppressive Treg cells to dampen immune reactivity, supporting tumor growth and progression. Thus, we aimed to analyze whether chronic inflammation or immunosuppression predominates at the systemic level in lung adenocarcinoma patients, and several cytokines and Th17 and Treg cells were studied. Higher proportions of IL-17-producing CD4(+) T-cells were found in smoking control subjects and in lung adenocarcinoma patients compared to nonsmoking control subjects. In addition, lung adenocarcinoma patients increased both plasma concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, and proportions of Latency Associated Peptide (LAP) TGF-β subset of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) Treg cells, which overexpressed LAP TGF-β. This knowledge may lead to the development of immunotherapies that could inhibit the suppressor activity mediated by the LAP TGF-β subset of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-) Treg cells to promote reactivity of immune cells against lung adenocarcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico ; Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Ciudad Universitaria 3000, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Islas-Vazquez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Heriberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prado-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Cazares
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meneses-Flores
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galicia-Velasco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romero-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Clinica de Neumo-Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camacho-Mendoza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Enfermedades Cronico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Seccion XVI, 14080 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jose Sullivan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lopez-Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000235:genetics; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007376:Interleukin-2; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010455:Peptides; D011498:Protein Precursors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C472416:latency-associated propeptide, TGF-beta; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4