title: Vitamin E Attenuates the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Caused by Partial Hepatectomy in Mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) likely involves a 'multiple hit' mechanism. We hypothesized that partial hepatectomy, a procedure performed frequently in patients with NAFLD, would accelerate the progression of disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6JolaHsd mice were fed a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet (CD-AA) or a choline-sufficient L-amino acid-defined control diet (CS-AA). Part of the mice in the CD-AA group received a diet enriched in vitamin E (~20 mg /day). Two weeks after the start of the diet, mice underwent a partial hepatectomy or a sham operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the CD-AA group, NAFLD activity scores were significantly higher at 7 days after partial hepatectomy compared to the sham operated mice (3.7 ± 1.3 vs. 1.8 ± 0.7; P<0.05). In addition, TBARS, a measure for oxidative stress, in liver tissue of the CD-AA group were significantly higher at day 1, 3 and 7 after partial hepatectomy compared to the sham operated mice (P<0.05). Vitamin E therapy significantly reduced TBARS level at day 7 after partial hepatectomy compared to the CD-AA diet group (P< 0.05). Vitamin E suppletion reduced NAFLD activity score at day 7 after partial hepatectomy compared to the CD-AA group (2.3 ± 0.8 vs. 3.8 ± 1.0; P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partial hepatectomy accelerates the progression of NAFLD. Disease progression induced by partial hepatectomy is substantially attenuated by vitamin E.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Golnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karimian
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirschbaum
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Zwanida J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Veldhuis
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bomfati
authors.affiliation: Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Porte
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research Laboratory and Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lisman
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002796:Choline Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E