title: Is chlorhexidine-methacrylate as effective as chlorhexidine digluconate in preserving resin dentin interfaces?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of 2% CHX and 2% CHX-methacrylate compared to the resin-dentin bonds created by a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system after 24h, 6min and 12min.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microtensile bond strengths and interfacial nanoleakage within resin-dentin interfaces created by Adper Single Bond 2, with or without CHX or CHX-methacrylate pre-treatment for 30s on acid-etched dentin surfaces, were evaluated after 24h, 6min and 12min of storage in distilled water at 37°C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve months of storage resulted in a significant decrease in microtensile bond strength in the control group, and significant increases in silver nanoleakage. In contrast, Single Bond 2+CHX, and to a greater extent CHX-methacrylate, significantly reduced the rate of deterioration of resin-dentin interfaces over the 12min water storage period, in terms of bond strength.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar to Single Bond 2+CHX, Single Bond+CHX-methacrylates reduced the degradation of resin-bonded interfaces over a 12 month storage period. Thus it can be concluded that Single Bond 2+CHX-methacrylate may be important to improve durability of bonded interfaces and therefore, prolong the life span of adhesive restorations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although CHX primers have been shown to enhance the durability of etch-and-rinse adhesives, that protection is lost after 2h. The use of CHX-methacrylate should last much longer since it may copolymerize with adhesive monomers, unlike CHX.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
authors.forename: Manar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abu Nawareg
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elkassas
authors.affiliation: Dental Biomaterials Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm AlQura University, Mekkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zidan
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abuelenain
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abu Haimed
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ali H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: R&D Adhesives, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, FL9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, College of Dental Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Kelli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, College of Dental Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA. Electronic address: dpashley@gru.edu.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003763:Dental Leakage; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008964:Molar, Third; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C115612:single bond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: Bond strength; Chlorhexidine digluconate; Chlorhexidine-methacrylate; Dentin; Nanoleakage