title: Assessing changes in quality of life using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) in patients with different classifications of malocclusion during comprehensive orthodontic treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were to investigated changes in OHRQoL among patients with different classifications of malocclusion during comprehensive orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data were collected from 81 patients (aged 15 to 24) who had undergone comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Participants were classified 3 groups: Class I (n = 35), II (n = 32) and III (n = 14) by Angle classification. OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). All subjects were examined and interviewed at baseline (T0), after alignment and leveling (T1), after correction of molar relationship and space closure (T2), after finishing (T3). Friedman 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare the relative changes of OHRQoL among the different time points. A Bonferroni correction with P < 0.005 was used to declare significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reductions were observed in all seven OHIP-14 domains of three groups except for social disability (P > 0.005) in class I and class II, Handicap in class II and class III (P > 0.005). Class I patients showed significant changes for psychological disability and psychological discomfort domain at T1, functional limitation, physical pain at T2. Class III patients showed a significant benefit in all domains except physical pain and functional limitation. Class II patients showed significant changes in the physical pain, functional disability, and physical disability domains at T1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of comprehensive orthodontic treatment on patients' OHRQoL do not follow the same pattern among patients with different malocclusion. Class II patients benefits the most from the stage of space closure, while class I patients benefits the first stage (alignment and leveling) of treatment in psychological disability and psychological discomfort domains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. zhengdehua66@163.com.
authors.forename: De-Hua
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. wxx@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xu-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. 1105427699@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. sueachiu@163.com.
authors.forename: Shu-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. 1193126470@qq.com.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. 1258867530@qq.com.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. zhangj@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003190:Comprehensive Dental Care; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D009909:Oral Health; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000523:psychology; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011788:Quality of Life; D066107:Social Skills; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult