title: A New CT Method for Assessing 3D Movements in Lumbar Facet Joints and Vertebrae in Patients before and after TDR.
abstract: This study describes a 3D-CT method for analyzing facet joint motion and vertebral rotation in the lumbar spine after TDR. Ten patients were examined before and then three years after surgery, each time with two CT scans: provoked flexion and provoked extension. After 3D registration, the facet joint 3D translation and segmental vertebral 3D rotation were analyzed at the operated level (L5-S1) and adjacent level (L4-L5). Pain was evaluated using VAS. The median (±SD) 3D movement in the operated level for the left facet joint was 3.2 mm (±1.9 mm) before and 3.5 mm (±1.7 mm) after surgery and for the right facet joint was 3.0 mm (±1.0 mm) before and 3.6 mm (±1.4 mm) after surgery. The median vertebral rotation in the sagittal plane at the operated level was 5.4° (±2.3°) before surgery and 6.8° (±1.7°) after surgery and in the adjacent level was 7.7° (±4.0°) before and 9.2° (±2.7°) after surgery. The median VAS was reduced from 6 (range 5-8) to 3 (range 2-8) in extension and from 4 (range 2-6) to 2 (range 1-3) in flexion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden ; Stockholm Spine Center, Löwenströmska Hospital, 198 84 Upplands Väsby, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Svedmark
authors.affiliation: Stockholm Spine Center, Löwenströmska Hospital, 198 84 Upplands Väsby, Sweden.
authors.forename: Svante
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Marilyn E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Noz
authors.affiliation: School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 164 40 Kista, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gerald Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Maguire
authors.affiliation: School of Computing, College of Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, USA.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Zeleznik
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weidenhielm
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden ; Capio S:t Göran Sjukhuset, S:t Göransplan 1, 112 81 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olivecrona
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D059145:Total Disc Replacement