title: 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) is glucose analog routinely used in clinical and animal radiotracer studies to trace glucose uptake but it has rarely been used in plants. Previous studies analyzed FDG translocation and distribution pattern in plants and proposed that FDG could be used as a tracer for photoassimilates in plants. Elucidating FDG metabolism in plants is a crucial aspect for establishing its application as a radiotracer in plant imaging. Here, we describe the metabolic fate of FDG in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. We fed FDG to leaf tissue and analyzed leaf extracts using MS and NMR. On the basis of exact mono-isotopic masses, MS/MS fragmentation, and NMR data, we identified 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-gluconic acid, FDG-6-phosphate, 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-maltose, and uridine-diphosphate-FDG as four major end products of FDG metabolism. Glycolysis and starch degradation seemed to be the important pathways for FDG metabolism. We showed that FDG metabolism in plants is considerably different than animal cells and goes beyond FDG-phosphate as previously presumed.
authors.affiliation: Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Amol
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fatangare
authors.affiliation: Biosynthesis/NMR Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paetz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute Jena, Germany ; Biology and Pharmacy Faculty, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Hanspeter
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saluz
authors.affiliation: Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svatoš
keywords: 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose; Arabidopsis thaliana; F-maltose; FDG; FDG-6-phosphate; UDP-FDG; metabolism; plant