title: Effect of Allium flavum L. and Allium melanantherum Panč. Extracts on Oxidative DNA Damage and Antioxidative Enzymes Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase.
abstract: Allium flavum L. and Allium melanantherum Panč. are wild growing plants used in traditional diet in Balkan region. While chemical composition and some biological activities of A. flavum have been reported, A. melanantherum, as an endemic in the Balkan Peninsula, has never been comprehensively examined. After chemical characterization of A. melanantherum, we examined the protective effect of methanol extracts of both species against t-butyl hydro-peroxide (t-BOOH)-induced DNA damage and mutagenesis. The bacterial reverse mutation assay was performed on Escherichia coli WP2 oxyR strain. DNA damage was monitored in human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) with alkaline comet assay. Obtained results indicated that extracts reduced t-BOOH-induced DNA damage up to 70 and 72% for A. flavum and A. melanantherum extract, respectively, and showed no effect on t-BOOH-induced mutagenesis. Since the results indicated modulatory effect on cell-mediated antioxidative defense, the effect of extracts on total protein content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) amounts and activities were monitored. Both extracts increased total protein content, while the increase of enzyme amount and activity was obtained only with A. melanantherum extract and restricted to CAT. The activity of CuZnSOD family was not affected, while SOD1 and SOD2 amounts were significantly decreased, indicating potential involvement of extracellular CuZnSOD. Obtained results strongly support the traditional use of A. flavum and A. melanantherum in nutrition and recommend them for further study.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia. mdragana@bio.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitić-Ćulafić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia. biljanan@bio.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nikolić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia. natasa.simin@dh.uns.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Nataša
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Simin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia. jasnicn@bio.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Nebojša
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jasnić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Dr Goldmana 4, Sremska Kamenica, 21204, Serbia. ddaaggeerr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dragana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Četojević-Simin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia. majakrstic85@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krstić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia. jelenakv@bio.bg.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knežević-Vukčević
mesh_terms: D000490:Allium / Q000737:chemistry*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Allium flavum; Allium melanantherum; Antigenotoxicity; Antioxidative enzymes; Oxidative DNA damage