title: Nuclear magnetic resonance-determined lipoprotein subclasses and carotid intima-media thickness in type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dyslipidemia has been linked to vascular complications of Type 1 diabetes (T1DM). We investigated the prospective associations of nuclear magnetic resonance-determined lipoprotein subclass profiles (NMR-LSP) and conventional lipid profiles with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in T1DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  NMR-LSP and conventional lipids were measured in a subset of Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) participants (n = 455) at study entry ('baseline', 1983-89), and were related to carotid IMT determined by ultrasonography during the observational follow-up of the DCCT, the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, at EDIC Year 12 (2004-2006). Associations were defined using multiple linear regression stratified by gender, and following adjustment for HbA1c, diabetes duration, body mass index, albuminuria, DCCT randomization group, smoking status, statin use, and ultrasound devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In men, significant positive associations were observed between some baseline NMR-subclasses of LDL (total IDL/LDL and large LDL) and common and/or internal carotid IMT, and between conventional total- and LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol and common carotid IMT, at EDIC Year 12; these persisted in adjusted analyses (p < 0.05). Large LDL particles and conventional triglycerides were positively associated with common carotid IMT changes over 12 years (p < 0.05). Inverse associations of mean HDL diameter and large HDL concentrations, and positive associations of small LDL with common and/or internal carotid IMT (all p < 0.05) were found, but did not persist in adjusted analyses. No significant associations were observed in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NMR-LSP-derived LDL particles, in addition to conventional lipid profiles, may help in identifying men with T1DM at highest risk for vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Arpita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; University of Sydney, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Alicia J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stoner
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; The Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; The Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Maria F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lopes-Virella
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: W Timothy
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Garvey
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK. Electronic address: t.lyons@qub.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lyons
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins
keywords: LDL particles; Non-HDL cholesterol; Nuclear magnetic resonance-determined lipoprotein subclass profiles; Type 1 diabetes