title: Influence of pin and hammer mill on grinding characteristics, thermal and antioxidant properties of coriander powder.
abstract: In present study, influence of grinding (hammer and pin mills) and moisture content (range: 6.4-13.6 % dry basis) on the quality traits of coriander powder were investigated. These include grinding parameters, colour parameters, specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, glass transition temperature, essential oil, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and DPPH scavenging (%) of coriander powder. For coriander seed, the geometric properties such as major, medium, minor dimensions, geometric mean diameter, arithmetic mean diameter, sphericity, surface area and volume of coriander seeds increased significantly with increasing moisture (6.4-13.6 % db). For coriander powder, the grinding parameters such as average particle size, volume surface mean diameter and volume mean diameter increased significantly with increasing moisture (6.4-13.6 % db). With the grinding method, the colour attributes of coriander powder such as L-value, a-value, b-value, hue angle and browning index varied significantly. It was observed that the specific heat followed second order polynomial relationship with temperature and moisture whereas thermal conductivity varied linearly with temperature and moisture content. The variation of glass transition temperature with moisture can be best represented in quadratic manner. Total flavonoid content (mg QE/g crude seed extract) and DPPH scavenging % activity of coriander powder is significantly affected by grinding methods. A lower value of specific heat was observed for hammer ground coriander powder as compared to pin mill ground coriander powder. The thermal conductivity of hammer mill ground coriander powder was higher as compared to pin mill ground coriander. It was observed that hammer mill yields more fine coriander powder in comparison to pin mill. The browning index was more in hammer mill ground coriander powder.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Engineering Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, Haryana 132 001 India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barnwal
authors.affiliation: ICAR-CIAE Bhopal and Ex-Head, FG&OP Division, CIPHET, Ludhiana, India.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: FG&OP Division, CIPHET, Ludhiana, India.
authors.forename: Alka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: FG&OP Division, CIPHET, Ludhiana, India.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Choudhary
authors.affiliation: ICAR-NRCSS, Tabiji, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305 206 India.
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Saxena
keywords: Antioxidant properties; Coriander; Grinding parameters; Hammer mill; Pin mill; Thermal properties