title: Targeting KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: challenges and opportunities.
abstract: Oncogenic mutations in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) occur in 15%-30% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, despite decades of intensive research, there is still no direct KRAS inhibitor with clinically proven efficacy. Considering its association with poor treatment response and prognosis of lung cancer, developing an effective inhibitory approach is urgently needed. Here, we review different strategies currently being explored to target KRAS-mutant NSCLC, discuss opportunities and challenges, and also propose some novel methods and concepts with the promise of clinical application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Dongkyoo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Dong M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA xdeng4@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Xingming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011905:Genes, ras; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C117307:KRAS protein, human; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
keywords: KRAS; NSCLC; mutations; therapy