title: Practical guide to sample size calculations: an introduction.
abstract: A sample size justification is a vital step when designing any trial. However, estimating the number of participants required to give a meaningful result is not always straightforward. A number of components are required to facilitate a suitable sample size calculation. In this paper, the general steps are summarised for conducting sample size calculations with practical advice and guidance on how to utilise the app SampSize.
authors.affiliation: Medical Statistics Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9569-8290
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flight
authors.affiliation: Medical Statistics Group, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Julious
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D012107:Research Design / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018401:Sample Size
keywords: clinical trials; equivalence; non-inferiority; power; sample size; superiority