title: [Léon Bouchacourt (1865-1949): How an obstetrician pointed out individual radiosensitivity].
abstract: Léon Bouchacourt (1865-1949) was a misknown pioneer of radiology and radiotherapy from Lyon, France. While he was resident in obstetrics in Hôpitaux de Paris from 1892 to 1898, he met Charcot, the future polar explorer, and wrote the first thesis dissertation about X-rays. He invented a new radiology technique for cavitary organs such as vagina, rectum and mouth, the endodiascopy, which permitted him to perform the first pelvimetry and dental radiographies in France. While he undertook the first trials of contact-radiotherapy, he was confronted with radiation-induced reactions. In 1911, he wrote the first paper about individual radiosensitivity. During the First World War, he commanded one of the radiology vehicles, he met Irène Curie and developed his « radiological helmet », which will hold his name and became essential for interventional radiology. After the war, with Béclère and ten others, Léon Bouchacourt funded the French Radiology Society. He ended his career by thinking about public health and the different aspects of the duties of radiologists.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de radiobiologie, centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, UMR1052, institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France. Electronic address: Nicolas.foray@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Foray
mesh_terms: D005602:France; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000266:history*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D011871:Radiology / Q000266:history*
keywords: Bouchacourt; Individual radiosensitivity; Pionniers de la radiologie; Radiologie; Radiology; Radiology pioneers; Radiosensibilité individuelle