title: Abdominal adipocyte populations in women with visceral obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visceral obesity is independently related to numerous cardiometabolic alterations, with adipose tissue dysfunction as a central feature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether omental (OM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipocyte size populations in women relate to visceral obesity, cardiometabolic risk factors and adipocyte lipolysis independent of total adiposity.
  
  
  METHODS
  OM and SC fat samples were obtained during gynecological surgery in 60 women (mean age, 46.1±5.9 years; mean BMI, 27.1±4.5 kg/m² (range, 20.3-41.  kg/m²)). Fresh samples were treated with osmium tetroxide and were analyzed with a Multisizer Coulter. Cell size distributions were computed for each sample with exponential and Gaussian function fits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computed tomography-measured visceral fat accumulation was the best predictor of larger cell populations as well as the percentage of small cells in both OM and SC fat (P<0.0001 for all). Accordingly, women with visceral obesity had larger cells in the main population and higher proportion of small adipocytes independent of total adiposity (P≤0.05). Using linear regression analysis, we found that women characterized by larger-than-predicted adipocytes in either OM or SC adipose tissue presented higher visceral adipose tissue area, increased percentage of small cells and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index as well as higher OM adipocyte isoproterenol-, forskolin- and dbcAMP-stimulated lipolysis compared to women with smaller-than-predicted adipocytes, independent of total adiposity (P≤0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excess visceral adipose tissue accumulation is a strong marker of both adipocyte hypertrophy and increased number of small cells in either fat compartment, which relates to higher insulin resistance index and lipolytic response, independent of total adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Andréanne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laforest
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Mélissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadeau
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simard
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daris
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lebœuf
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Géloën
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France Endocrinology and NephrologyCHU de Quebec-Laval University, 2705 Laurier Blvd. (R-4779), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2School of NutritionLaval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaInstitut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de QuébecQuebec City, Quebec, CanadaGynecology UnitCHU de Québec-Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, CanadaUniversity of LyonCARMEN INSERM U1060, INSA-Lyon, F-69621, Lyon, France andre.tchernof@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tchernof
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*