title: Methamidophos induces cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure is associated with oxidative stress. Methamidophos (MET) is an OP widely used in agriculture, which is regarded as a highly toxic pesticide and it is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether MET can induce oxidative stress at low concentrations in primary cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs from healthy individuals were exposed to MET (0-80 mg/L) for 0-72 h. We performed the MTT and neutral-red assays to assess the cytotoxicity. As indicators of oxidative stress, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using flow cytometry, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined. MET decreased the viability of PBMCs in a dose-dependent manner. At concentrations of 3, 10, or 20 mg/L for 24 h, MET increased the ROS production significantly compared with the vehicle control. Similarly, MET increased the levels of MDA at the same concentrations that increased ROS (10 and 20 mg/L); however, no changes in GSH levels were observed. These results suggest that MET increased the generation of oxidative stress in PBMCs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 147-155, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Toxicologia Y Salud Ambiental. Unidad Academica De Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma De Guerrero, Mexico.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Vargas
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Toxicologia Y Salud Ambiental. Unidad Academica De Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma De Guerrero, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huerta-Beristain
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Investigacion En Obesidad Y Diabetes. Unidad Academica De Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma De Guerrero, Mexico.
authors.forename: Iris Paola
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Guzman-Guzman
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Enfermedades Cronico Degenerativas. Unidad Academica De Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Mexico, Universidad Autonoma De Guerrero, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luz Del Carmen
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Alarcon-Romero
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Enfermedades Cronico Degenerativas. Unidad Academica De Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Mexico, Universidad Autonoma De Guerrero, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Flores-Alfaro
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Contaminacion Y Toxicologia Ambiental. Universidad Autonoma De Nayarit, Mexico.
authors.forename: Aurora Elizabeth
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Rojas-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio De Toxicologia Y Salud Ambiental. Unidad Academica De Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma De Guerrero, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ma Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moreno-Godinez
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C014655:methamidophos; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: malondialdehyde; methamidophos; organophosphate pesticide; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species