title: Bioinformatics analysis of codon usage patterns and influencing factors in Penaeus monodon nudivirus.
abstract: Penaeus monodon nudivirus (PmNV) is one of the most important and most commonly reported shrimp viruses. In the present study, codon usage of PmNV was studied in detail. Based on effective number of codons (ENC) values, strong to low codon usage bias was observed in PmNV genes. Nucleotide composition-ENC correlation analysis and the GC3 versus ENC relationship indicated that compositional constraint has a major effect on codon usage of PmNV. At the whole-genome level, relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis showed almost complete antagonism between the codon usage pattern of PmNV and its host P. monodon. However, codon adaptive index (CAI) values indicated that forces of selective/translational constraints have been able to overcome this antagonism in some genes.
authors.affiliation: College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India. anujtyaagi@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Anuj
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4818-0827
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.affiliation: School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Niraj K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Sciences, Building 223, Level 1, Bundoora Campus RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, 3083, Australia.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gurtler
authors.affiliation: UNESCO MIRCEN for Medical and Marine Biotechnology, Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Indrani
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karunasagar
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000818:Animals; D001482:Base Composition; D003062:Codon; D019295:Computational Biology; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Codon adaptation index; Codon usage bias; Correspondence analysis; Penaeus monodon nudivirus; Shrimp