title: Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a novel phosphodiesterase inhibitor, E6005 ointment, in healthy volunteers and in patients with atopic dermatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present studies was to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of topical application of a novel phosphodiesterase inhibitor, E6005, in healthy volunteers and in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In two randomized, investigator-blind, vehicle-controlled studies, we evaluated the topical application of E6005 ointment at concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 0.2% in healthy volunteers (Study 001) and in patients with AD (Study 101).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six subjects were enrolled in Study 001 and 40 in Study 101. Neither skin irritation nor photosensitization was observed with application of E6005 in Study 001. Four subjects receiving E6005 in Study 001 experienced a treatment-emergent adverse event (application site edema, increased alanine aminotransferase or erythema); three of these subjects discontinued the study. Two subjects receiving E6005 in Study 101 experienced an adverse event (gout or enterocolitis); one discontinued the study. Plasma concentrations of E6005 were below the limit of quantification (1 ng/ml) in both studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  E6005 ointment exhibited acceptable safety and tolerability. Topical application of E6005 ointment resulted in very low systemic exposure to E6005 in healthy volunteers and in patients with AD.
authors.affiliation: a Eisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.affiliation: a Eisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.affiliation: a Eisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hojo
authors.affiliation: a Eisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akama
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009824:Ointments; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009824:Ointments; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D011799:Quinazolines; C583128:methyl 4-(((3-(6,7-dimethoxy-2-(methylamino)quinazolin-4-yl)phenyl)amino)carbonyl)benzoate
keywords: Atopic eczema; clinical trial; patch test; phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor; photopatch test; topical treatment