title: Monodispersed Hollow SO3H-Functionalized Carbon/Silica as Efficient Solid Acid Catalyst for Esterification of Oleic Acid.
abstract: SO3H-functionalized monodispersed hollow carbon/silica spheres (HS/C-SO3H) with primary mesopores were prepared with polystyrene as a template and p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) as a carbon precursor and -SO3H source simultaneously. The physical and chemical properties of HS/C-SO3H were characterized by N2 adsorption, TEM, SEM, XPS, XRD, Raman spectrum, NH3-TPD, element analysis and acid-base titration techniques. As a solid acid catalyst, HS/C-SO3H shows excellent performance in the esterification of oleic acid with methanol, which is a crucial reaction in biodiesel production. The well-defined hollow architecture and enhanced active sites accessibility of HS/C-SO3H guarantee the highest catalytic performance compared with the catalysts prepared by activation of TsOH deposited on the ordered mesoporous silicas SBA-15 and MCM-41. At the optimized conditions, high conversion (96.9%) was achieved and no distinct activity drop was observed after 5 recycles. This synthesis strategy will provide a highly effective solid acid catalyst for green chemical processes.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Qingdao 266580, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science & Technology , Shanghai 200093, China.
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Qingdao 266580, China.|Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Toyama , Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Qingdao 266580, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Qingdao 266580, China.
authors.forename: Jingtang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Toyama , Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Noritatsu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsubaki
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Qingdao 266580, China.
authors.forename: Mingbo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: biodiesel; carbon/silica composite; esterification; hollow; solid acid catalyst