title: Dexamethasone implant as an effective treatment option for macular edema due to Irvine-Gass syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness and safety of a dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) to treat pseudophakic macular edema (Irvine-Gass syndrome).
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective nonrandomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperatively and in 12 monthly postoperative intervals, a complete ophthalmic examination was performed in study patients, including measurement of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) using the standard Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart, intraocular pressure, foveal thickness using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and retinal sensitivity (mean defect depth) using microperimetry. Morphological aspects of the inner segment-outer segment junction and visual function were correlated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three eyes (23 patients) with pseudophakic macular edema after uneventful cataract surgery were included. The mean duration of macular edema before treatment with a dexamethasone implant was 5.4 months (range 2 to 8 months). The CDVA increased in all patients from 30.2 letters ± 4.3 (SD) at baseline to 50.4 ± 4.9 letters at 12 months (P = .0016), regardless of the time of macular edema duration. Foveal thickness decreased from 520.8 ± 71.4 μm to 232.7 ± 26.6 μm (P < .002). Retinal sensitivity (mean defect depth) increased significantly over a 12-month follow-up, correlating positively with a restored inner segment-outer segment junction on SD-OCT analyses. No relevant adverse events were reported, and 9 recurrences occurred with a peak after 3 months and required a second dexamethasone implant injection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dexamethasone implant was safe and effective in treating pseudophakic macular edema regardless of the duration of the edema.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Drs. Mayer and Haritoglou are consultants to Allergan, Inc. No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria. Electronic address: wolfgang.j.mayer@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Wolfgang J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurz
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kook
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kreutzer
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Anselm
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kampik
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Priglinger
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Ophthalmology (Mayer, Kurz, Wolf, Kook, Kreutzer, Kampik, Priglinger, Haritoglou), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic (Haritoglou), Munich, Germany; the Department of Ophthalmology (Kreutzer, Priglinger), Allgemeines Krankenhaus Linz, Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haritoglou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000209:etiology; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone