title: Towards a better understanding of the clinical association of anti-DFS70 autoantibodies.
abstract: Anti-DFS70 antibodies and their clinical associations remain an immunological paradox. Unlike other antinuclear antibodies (ANA), especially when present at high titres, anti-DFS70 antibodies are not prevalent in ANA associated rheumatic diseases. Despite significant interest and progress in understanding the clinical association of anti-DFS70 antibodies, no specific clinical associations have been confirmed. In reality, several studies reporting clinical association of these antibodies (i.e. atopic dermatitis, thrombosis, autoimmune thyroiditis) have added confusion instead of bringing significant insight. In addition, several groups have consistently reported on the occurrence of anti-DFS70 antibodies in a relevant fraction of apparently healthy individuals. This review aims to analyse the current knowledge and to provide future guidance to analyse potential clinical associations of anti-DFS70 antibodies by summarizing and interpreting recent findings.
authors.affiliation: Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: mmahler@inovadx.com.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahler
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Pier Luigi
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Meroni
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Munther
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khamashta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, San Antonio Hospital, Tolmezzo, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bizzaro
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Casiano
authors.affiliation: Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Marvin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fritzler
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000276:immunology*; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D001323:Autoantibodies; C504649:PSIP1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Antinuclear antibodies; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune diseases; DFS; LEDGF