title: Early Biomarkers in 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Striatal Pathological Mechanisms after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used to evaluate the levels of specific neurochemical biomarkers of pathological mechanisms in the brain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and 1H-MRS with a 3.0-Tesla animal MRI system to investigate the early microstructural and metabolic profiles in vivo in the striatum of rats following carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to baseline, we found significant cortical surface deformation, cerebral edema changes, which were indicated by the unclear gray/white matter border, and lateral ventricular volume changes in the brain. A significant reduction in the metabolite to total creatine (Cr) ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) was observed as early as 1 h after the last CO administration, while the lactate (Lac) levels increased marginally. Both the Lac/Cr and NAA/Cr ratios leveled off at 6 h and showed no subsequent significant changes. In addition, compared to the control, the choline (Cho)/Cr ratio was slightly reduced in the early stages and significantly increased after 6 h. In addition, a pathological examination revealed mild cerebral edema on cessation of the insult and more severe cerebral injury after additional CO poisoning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated that 1H-MRS of the brain identified early metabolic changes after CO poisoning. Notably, the relationship between the increased Cho/Cr ratio in the striatum and delayed neuropsychologic sequelae requires further research.
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Zong Yang
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yan Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Cui Cui
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Occupational Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Jin Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002249:Carbon Monoxide Poisoning / Q000378:metabolism*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Carbon monoxide poisoning; Choline; Delayed neuropsychologic sequelae; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy