title: Adjuvant Therapy of Melanoma.
abstract: The incidence of melanoma is rapidly increasing, especially in younger female and older male patients. Recent fundamental advances in our knowledge of melanoma tumorigenesis have established roles for inhibitors of the MAPK pathway and regulatory immune checkpoints CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1. However, the majority of patients continue to present with non-metastatic disease-typically managed with surgical resection and adjuvant therapy. High-dose IFN-α2b (HDI) is the main adjuvant therapeutic mainstay in high-risk disease following definitive resection. In this chapter, we review the evidence supporting the use of adjuvant HDI in high-risk melanoma. We also discuss some of the other treatment modalities that have been evaluated including vaccines, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA. davard@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Diwakar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Davar
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA. kirkwoodjm@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kirkwood
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000628:therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: Adjuvant; CTLA-4; Chemotherapy; HDI; High-dose IFN-α2b; Ipilimumab; Melanoma; Nivolumab; PD-1; PD-L1; Pegylated IFN; Pembrolizumab; Radiotherapy; Vaccines