title: Transesophageal Doppler reliably tracks changes in cardiac output in comparison with intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution in cardiac surgery patients.
abstract: In this study a comparison of cardiac output (CO) measurements obtained with CardioQ transesophageal Doppler (TED) and pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) thermodilution (TD) technique was done in a systematic set-up, with induced changes in preload, afterload and heart rate. Twenty-five patients completed the study. Each patient were placed in the following successive positions: (1) supine, (2) head-down tilt, (3) head-up tilt, (4) supine, (5) supine with phenylephrine administration, (6) pace heart rate 80 beats per minute (bpm), (7) pace heart rate 110 bpm. The agreement of compared data was investigated by Bland-Altman plots, and to assess trending ability a four quadrants plot and a polar plot were constructed. Both methods showed an acceptable precision 6.4 % (PAC TD) and 12.8 % (TED). In comparison with PAC TD, the TED was associated with a mean bias in supine position of -0.30 l min-1(95 % CI -0.88; 0.27), wide limits of agreement, a percentage error of 69.5 %, and a trending ability with a concordance rate of 92 %, angular bias of 1.1° and a radial sector size of 40.0° corresponding to an acceptable trending ability. In comparison with PAC TD, the CardioQ TED showed a low mean bias, wide limits of agreement and a larger percentage error than should be expected from the precision of the two methods. However, an acceptable trending ability was found. Thus, the CardioQ TED should not replace CO measurements done by PAC TD, but could be a valuable tool in guiding therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen OE, Denmark. hassedk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hasse
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8439-7743
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Møller-Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen OE, Denmark.
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cordtz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen OE, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Østergaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen OE, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jens C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kristoffer L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002407:Catheterization, Swan-Ganz; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D056888:Patient Positioning; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013815:Thermodilution / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Agreement; Cardiac output; CardioQ; Thermodilution; Transesophageal Doppler; Trending ability