title: An update on primary hepatic solitary fibrous tumor: An examination of the clinical and pathological features of four case studies and a literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary hepatic solitary fibrous tumor is a rare neoplasm that originates in the submesothelial tissue of the liver and is frequently misdiagnosed because of its rarity and unfamiliar characteristics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze, summarize and update the clinical and pathological features of primary hepatic solitary fibrous tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  We systematically extract the clinical data of 4 cases from the relevant medical records, analyze the macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical features and review the 59 previously reported cases in the English literatures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients' mean age 50.75 years (range, 49-52 years), and the gender ratio was 1:1. The tumors ranged in size from 2.3 to 12.0cm (average diameter, 7.85cm). The tumors were composed of spindle cells with oval, fusiform or banded nuclei that were arranged in bundled, storiform or peculiar random patterns. Mitosis and hemangiopericytoma-like vessels were occasionally observed. Immunohistochemically, three cases were positive for Signal transduction and activator of transcription 6, cluster of differentiation 34, B-cell lymphoma-2 and vimentin but were negative for nervous, muscular and hepatocellular markers. Hepatic lobectomy was performed in all cases, and one patient received adjuvant chemotherapy simultaneously. One patient suffered two recurrences without metastasis, and the remaining patients experienced favorable outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A consensus on the essential and definite diagnostic criteria for primary hepatic solitary fibrous tumor must be reached in a timely manner. Signal transduction and activator of transcription 6 is a highly sensitive and specific immunohistochemical marker for primary hepatic solitary fibrous tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Yangpu, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Long-Hai
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Yangpu, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Yangpu, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Yao
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Yangpu, Shanghai 200438, China. Electronic address: wmcong@smmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Cong
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D054364:Solitary Fibrous Tumors / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Pathology; Prognosis; Solitary fibrous tumor; Treatment