title: Polymorphisms in Fibronectin Binding Proteins A and B among Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Isolates Are Not Associated with Arthroplasty Infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in fibronectin binding protein A (fnbA) of Staphylococcus aureus are associated with cardiac device infections. However, the role of fnbA SNPs in S. aureus arthroplasty infection is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bloodstream S. aureus isolates from a derivation cohort of patients at a single U.S. medical center with S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) and prosthetic hip or knee arthroplasties that were infected (PJI, n = 27) or uninfected (PJU, n = 43) underwent sequencing of fnbA and fnbB. A validation cohort of S. aureus bloodstream PJI (n = 12) and PJU (n = 58) isolates from Germany also underwent fnbA and fnbB sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, none of the individual fnbA or fnbB SNPs were significantly associated with the PJI or PJU clinical groups within the derivation cohort. Similarly, none of the individual fnbA or fnbB SNPs were associated with PJI or PJU when the analysis was restricted to patients with either early SAB (i.e., bacteremia occurring <1 year after placement or manipulation of prostheses) or late SAB (i.e., bacteremia >1 year after placement or manipulation of prostheses).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to cardiac device infections, there is no association between nonsynonymous SNPs in fnbA or fnbB of bloodstream S. aureus isolates and arthroplasty infection. These results suggest that initial steps leading to S. aureus infection of cardiovascular and orthopedic prostheses may arise by distinct processes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Emily M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Eichenberger
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joshua T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Thaden
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Batu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sharma-Kuinkel
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.|Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lawrence P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Rude
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Felicia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruffin
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstraße 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Nina J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Hos
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstraße 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.|German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Bonn-Cologne, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Siegbert
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rieg
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Winfried V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.affiliation: Division of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lower
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
authors.forename: Vance G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Goldenfelsstraße 19-21, 50935 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Achim J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kaasch
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D018441:Biofilms; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; C078635:fibronectin-binding proteins, bacterial