title: Enhanced accumulation of Cd in castor (Ricinus communis L) by soil-applied chelators.
abstract: Phytoextraction has been identified as one of the most propitious methods of phytoremediation. This pot experiment were treated with varying amounts of (ethylenediamine triacetic acid) EDTA 3-15, (Nitriloacetic acid) NTA 3-10, (Ammonium citrate) NH4 citrate 10 - 25 mmol and one mg kg(-1)Cd, filled with 5 kg soil. The addition of chelators significantly increased Cd concentration in soil and plant. The results showed that maximum Cd uptake was noted under root, shoot and leaf of castor plant tissue (2.26, 1.54, and 0.72 mg kg(-1)) under EDTA 15, NTA 10, and NH4 citrate 25 mmol treatments respectively, and in soil 1.08, 1.06 and 0.52 mg kg(-1) pot(-1) under NH4 citrate 25, NTA 10 and EDTA 15 mmol treatments respectively, as against to control (p < 0.05). Additions of chelators reduction biomass under the EDTA 15 mmol as compared to other treatments, However, Bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF) and remediation factor (RF) were significantly increased under EDTA 15 and NH4 citrate 25 mmol as against control. Our results demonstrated that castor plant proved satisfactory for phytoextraction on contaminated soil, and EDTA 15 and NH4 citrate 25 mmol had the affirmative effect on the Cd uptake in the artificial Cd-contaminated soil.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
authors.forename: Muhammad Afzal
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chhajro
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
authors.forename: Muhammad Shahid
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rizwan
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guoyong
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
authors.forename: Kashif Ali
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kubar
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hongqing
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D012278:Ricinus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D019343:Citric Acid; C481046:ammonium citrate; D004492:Edetic Acid; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid
keywords: BCF; Cd uptake; EDTA; NH4 citrate phytoextraction; NTA; castor