title: Zooming into creativity: individual differences in attentional global-local biases are linked to creative thinking.
abstract: While recent studies have investigated how processes underlying human creativity are affected by particular visual-attentional states, we tested the impact of more stable attention-related preferences. These were assessed by means of Navon's global-local task, in which participants respond to the global or local features of large letters constructed from smaller letters. Three standard measures were derived from this task: the sizes of the global precedence effect, the global interference effect (i.e., the impact of incongruent letters at the global level on local processing), and the local interference effect (i.e., the impact of incongruent letters at the local level on global processing). These measures were correlated with performance in a convergent-thinking creativity task (the Remote Associates Task), a divergent-thinking creativity task (the Alternate Uses Task), and a measure of fluid intelligence (Raven's matrices). Flexibility in divergent thinking was predicted by the local interference effect while convergent thinking was predicted by intelligence only. We conclude that a stronger attentional bias to visual information about the "bigger picture" promotes cognitive flexibility in searching for multiple solutions.
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute for Psychological Research, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands ; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zmigrod
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Leor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zmigrod
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute for Psychological Research, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands ; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hommel
keywords: attention; creativity; individual differences; intelligence; thinking and reasoning