title: Staffing Levels at National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Bowl Subdivision-Level Institutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The "Appropriate Medical Coverage for Intercollegiate Athletics" (AMCIA) document was created to support assessment and calculation of athletic training personnel requirements. However, little is known regarding disparities between current and recommended staffing practices.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the staffing and employment characteristics of athletic health care services at Football Bowl Subdivision-level institutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Web-based survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Head athletic trainers and athletic training staff members who were knowledgeable about budget and staff.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey, Assessment of Staffing Levels at National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Bowl Subdivision-Level Institutions, was used to evaluate personal, university, and staff demographics; staffing and employment topics; and AMCIA variables and use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survey was accessed and partially completed by 104 individuals (response rate = 84.6%). A total of 79 athletic trainers (response rate = 76%) completed the entire survey. One-third of the respondents (34.2%, n = 26) met the recommended number of full-time equivalents (FTEs) for football, two-thirds of the respondents (65.7%, n = 50) failed to meet the recommendation, and 26.2% (n = 27) were missing data needed for FTE calculation. Among those who did not meet the recommended FTEs (n = 50), 38.0% (n = 19) were within 1 FTE of being compliant, 26.0% (n = 13) were within 2 FTEs, and 24.0% (n = 12) were within 3 FTEs. About one-third of respondents (35.9%, n = 37) reported not using the AMCIA, citing lack of funding (29.7%, n = 11), lack of administrative support (21.6%, n = 8), and other reasons (37.8%, n = 14).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of institutions that used the AMCIA were able to provide justification for staffing. For most of the institutions that failed to meet their recommendation, adding 1-3 FTE athletic trainers for football would change their compliance status. A uniform definition of the term FTE within collegiate athletics is needed to allow for structured assessment and allocation of staffing and workloads.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences and.
authors.forename: Suzie Aparicio
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ms
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences and.|School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, A.T. Still University, Mesa;
authors.forename: Cailee E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Welch Bacon
authors.affiliation: National Collegiate Athletic Association, Indianapolis, IN;
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences and.
authors.forename: R Curtis
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bay
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona, Tucson;
authors.forename: Randy P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: DeZeeuw
authors.affiliation: Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences and.|School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, A.T. Still University, Mesa;
authors.forename: Tamara C Valovich
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: McLeod
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005538:Football; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D013178:Sports Medicine; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities; D000078329:Workforce; D016526:Workload
keywords: burnout; full-time equivalent; medical coverage; staffing; work-life balance