title: A systematic literature review of individuals' perspectives on broad consent and data sharing in the United States.
abstract: In 2011, an Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking proposed that de-identified human data and specimens be included in biobanks only if patients provide consent. The National Institutes of Health Genomic Data Sharing policy went into effect in 2015, requiring broad consent from almost all research participants.
  
  
  
  We conducted a systematic literature review of attitudes toward biobanking, broad consent, and data sharing. Bibliographic databases included MEDLINE, Web of Science, EthxWeb, and GenETHX. Study screening was conducted using DistillerSR.
  
  
  
  The final 48 studies included surveys (n = 23), focus groups (n = 8), mixed methods (n = 14), interviews (n = 1), and consent form analyses (n = 2). Study quality was characterized as good (n = 19), fair (n = 27), and poor (n = 2). Although many participants objected, broad consent was often preferred over tiered or study-specific consent, particularly when broad consent was the only option, samples were de-identified, logistics of biobanks were communicated, and privacy was addressed. Willingness for data to be shared was high, but it was lower among individuals from under-represented minorities, individuals with privacy and confidentiality concerns, and when pharmaceutical companies had access to data.
  
  
  
  Additional research is needed to understand factors affecting willingness to give broad consent for biobank research and data sharing in order to address concerns to enhance acceptability.Genet Med 18 7, 663-671.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Nanibaa' A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6228-3216
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Garrison
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt Evidence-Based Practice Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Nila A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Sathe
authors.affiliation: Ethics Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Armand H Matheny
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5030-0007
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Antommaria
authors.affiliation: Division of Genetics and Genomics and The Manton Center for Orphan Diseases Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Ingrid A
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4712-8821
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Holm
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Saskia C
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8150-5884
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Maureen E
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9480-1092
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt Evidence-Based Practice Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: McPheeters
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|School of Law, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen W
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0308-4110
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Clayton
mesh_terms: D018070:Biological Specimen Banks; D036281:Genetic Research; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000379:methods; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D014481:United States