title: Dietary emulsifiers from milk and soybean differently impact adiposity and inflammation in association with modulation of colonic goblet cells in high-fat fed mice.
abstract: METHODS
  Enhanced adiposity and metabolic inflammation are major features of obesity that could be impacted by dietary emulsifiers. We investigated in high-fat fed mice the effects of using a new polar lipid (PL) emulsifier from milk (MPL) instead of soybean lecithin (soybean PL [SPL]) on adipose tissue and intestinal mucosa function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four groups of C57BL6 mice received for 8 wks a low-fat (LF) diet or a high-fat diet devoid of PLs or an high-fat diet including MPL (high-fat-MPL) or SPL (high-fat-SPL). Compared with high-fat diet, high-fat-SPL diet increased white adipose tissue (WAT) mass (p < 0.05), with larger adipocytes (p < 0.05) and increased expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, monochemoattractant protein-1, LPS-binding protein, and leptin (p < 0.05). This was not observed with high-fat-MPL diet despite similar dietary intakes and increased expression of fatty acid transport protein 4 and microsomal TG transfer protein, involved in lipid absorption, in upper intestine (p < 0.05). High-fat-MPL mice had a lower expression in WAT of cluster of differentiation 68, marker of macrophage infiltration, versus high-fat and high-fat-SPL mice (p < 0.05), and more goblet cells in the colon (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike SPL, MPL in the high-fat diet did not induce WAT hypertrophy and inflammation but increased colonic goblet cells. This supports further clinical exploration of different sources of dietary emulsifiers in the frame of obesity outbreak.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Manon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lecomte
authors.affiliation: ITERG-ENMS, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Couëdelo
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1060, INRA UMR1397, CarMeN Laboratory, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meugnier
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Plaisancié
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Létisse
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Bérengère
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1060, INRA UMR1397, CarMeN Laboratory, Oullins, France.|Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA) and Centre Européen pour la Nutrition et la Santé (CENS), Pierre-Bénite, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gabert
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Armelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penhoat
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pineau
authors.affiliation: ITERG-ENMS, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France.
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Joffre
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Géloën
authors.affiliation: ITERG-ENMS, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vaysse
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laugerette
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1397, INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, INSA-Lyon, IMBL, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.|Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA) and Centre Européen pour la Nutrition et la Santé (CENS), Pierre-Bénite, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Caroline
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Michalski
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D054709:Lecithins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D054709:Lecithins; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Caco-2; Feces; Gut barrier; Metabolic disease; Phospholipid