title: Chemokine receptor CXCR3 in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): cloning, characterization and its responses to lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3, a member of the G protein-coupled receptors superfamily, regulates the responses of many immune responses. In this experiment, we cloned and characterized the cDNA of CXCR3 in Scophthalmus maximus (turbot). A 5'-UTR of 216-bp, a 259-bp 3'-UTR with a poly (A) tail and a 1089-bp CDS encoding 362 amino acids form the cDNA of CXCR3, which is 1564-bp long. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that turbot CXCR3 shared a high similarity with other CXCR3s and shared more similarity with CXCR5 than the other subfamilies of chemokines. The CXCR3 protein in turbot showed the highest similarity with the CXCR3b from rainbow trout (44.5%), which indicated that this CXCR3 gene/protein may be a CXCR3b isoform. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that CXCR3 transcripts were constitutively expressed in all the tissues of the non-injected turbot used in this study, with the highest expression occurring in blood. Several immune-related tissues of fish, such as the spleen, head kidney, liver and blood, tissues, which were abundant of lymphocyte, were investigated in this study. CXCR3 gene was expressed at the highest level in blood than the other tested tissues. The injection experiment suggested that the CXCR3 expression level after LPS injection was significantly up-regulated in all immune-related tissues in turbot. These results improve our understanding of the functions of CXCR3 in the turbot immune response.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.|Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. liuy78@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005412:Flatfishes / Q000502:physiology*; D060226:Head Kidney; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010802:Phylogeny; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3
keywords: Chemokine receptor; Immune response; Lipopolysaccharide; Scophthalmus maximus