title: Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE) for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Part 1, Pathological Background and Clinical Implications.
abstract: Pathological features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) dictate various responses to prostatic artery embolization (PAE). Typically, BPH originates in the transition zone and periurethral region, where should be considered the primary target area in PAE procedures. Given that histological heterogeneity of components in hyperplasia nodules, epithelial or stromal, identifying the more responsive nodules to PAE will have clinical implications. Since some lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with BPH are usually related to bladder outlet obstruction-induced changes in bladder function rather than to outflow obstruction directly, proper selection of candidate patients prior to PAE is of great clinical importance. BPH is a typical chronic progressive condition, suggesting PAE could aim not only to relieve LUTS but also to delay or prevent the clinical progression. Awareness of the pathological background of BPH is essential for interventional radiologists to improve clinical outcomes and develop new treatment strategies in clinical practice of PAE.
authors.affiliation: Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Carretera N-521, km. 41.8, 10071, Cáceres, Spain. feisun@ccmijesususon.com.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Carretera N-521, km. 41.8, 10071, Cáceres, Spain. crisosto@ccmijesususon.com.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Crisóstomo
authors.affiliation: Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Carretera N-521, km. 41.8, 10071, Cáceres, Spain. cbaez@ccmijesususon.com.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Báez-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Carretera N-521, km. 41.8, 10071, Cáceres, Spain. msanchez@ccmijesususon.com.
authors.forename: Francisco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sánchez
mesh_terms: D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia; Lower urinary tract symptoms; Pathology; Prostatic artery embolization