title: Effect of calcium chloride on abating inhibition due to volatile fatty acids during the start-up period in anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste.
abstract: Biomethanation of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a slow process and the yield of biogas is usually low. The present study was carried out to examine the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) on anaerobic digestion of MSW. Three anaerobic digesters with different concentrations of CaCl2, namely sample without additives (Control), sample with 2.5 g/L CaCl2 (R1) and sample with 5 g/L CaCl2 (R2) were studied separately and the significant results are presented. From the experimental results, it was observed that pH decreased with an increase in the dosage of CaCl2. Total solids and volatile solids reduction percentage in digester R2 was considerably lower than Control and R1 digesters. The significant positive correlation with small increments in volatile solids and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction were observed with an increase in pH. The cumulative biogas production in all the three digesters (Control, R1 and R2) were observed to be 35.38, 46.46 and 37.56 L, respectively. It was also observed that the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) removal efficiency in digester R1 was the best among all the three digesters. A comparison of the effluent characteristics revealed improvement in the overall performance of the digester R1 amended with 2.5 g/L CaCl2 over the other two digesters.
authors.affiliation: a Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division , Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI) , Nagpur , India.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: b Kolkata Zonal Laboratory , CSIR-NEERI , Kolkata , India.
authors.forename: Avijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: b Kolkata Zonal Laboratory , CSIR-NEERI , Kolkata , India.
authors.forename: G Lohit Kumar
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Srinivas
authors.affiliation: a Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division , Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI) , Nagpur , India.
authors.forename: Hiya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dhar
authors.affiliation: b Kolkata Zonal Laboratory , CSIR-NEERI , Kolkata , India.
authors.forename: Vivek Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Ojha
authors.affiliation: c Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D056804:Biofuels; D019149:Bioreactors; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D013696:Temperature; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D002122:Calcium Chloride
keywords: Municipal solid waste; biogas; calcium chloride; long chain fatty acid; volatile fatty acids