title: Ex Vivo Assessment of an Ultrasound-Guided Injection Technique of the Navicular Bursa in the Horse.
abstract: Synovitis of the navicular bursa is common in performance horses. The objective of this study was to describe an ultrasound-guided technique to inject a distended navicular bursa and to evaluate its feasibility for use by a clinician not trained in the technique. Twenty distal limbs of horses of various breeds and sizes were used. To produce synovial distension, the navicular bursa of each limb was injected with contrast medium using a lateral approach and radiography was performed to confirm that the contrast medium was distending the bursa. The digit was positioned with the distal interphalangeal joint in hyperextension. A microconvex ultrasound probe was placed in the hollow of the pastern, palmar to the middle phalanx and the region was assessed in a transverse plane slightly oblique to the horizontal plane. The ultrasound probe was rotated to visualize both the lateral and medial recesses and to select which side was more distended to inject. A 21G 0.8 × 50 mm needle was inserted abaxially to the probe in the plane of the ultrasound beam into the proximal recess of this navicular bursa and a methylene blue solution was injected. Following injection, dissection was performed to assess whether the navicular bursa had been successfully injected. This ultrasound-guided technique was reliably performed with a success rate of 68%. The success of injection is influenced by hyperextension of the foot, quality of ultrasound images and degree of distension of the bursa.
authors.affiliation: Clinique Desbrosse, 18-20 Rue des Champs, 78470, Saint Lambert, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.affiliation: Integrated Veterinary Research Unit - Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (IVRU-NARILIS), Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Diguet
authors.affiliation: Clinique Desbrosse, 18-20 Rue des Champs, 78470, Saint Lambert, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cantet
authors.affiliation: Clinique Desbrosse, 18-20 Rue des Champs, 78470, Saint Lambert, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bailly
authors.affiliation: Clinique Desbrosse, 18-20 Rue des Champs, 78470, Saint Lambert, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brogniez
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dugdale
authors.affiliation: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Mont Godinne, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Docteur Gaston-Therasse 1, 5530, Yvoir, Belgium.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Nisolle
authors.affiliation: Integrated Veterinary Research Unit - Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (IVRU-NARILIS), Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium. jean-michel.vandeweerd@fundp.ac.be.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vandeweerd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002061:Bursa, Synovial / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005552:Forelimb / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006724:Hoof and Claw / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006734:Horse Diseases; D006736:Horses / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007267:Injections / Q000379:methods; D013585:Synovitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000662:veterinary*; D013639:Tarsal Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media