title: Essentials of oral cancer.
abstract: Oral cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers in the world, with a delayed clinical detection, poor prognosis, without specific biomarkers for the disease and expensive therapeutic alternatives. This review aims to present the fundamental aspects of this cancer, focused on squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC), moving from its definition and epidemiological aspects, addressing the oral carcinogenesis, oral potentially malignant disorders, epithelial precursor lesions and experimental methods for its study, therapies and future challenges. Oral cancer is a preventable disease, risk factors and natural history is already being known, where biomedical sciences and dentistry in particular are likely to improve their poor clinical indicators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of Talca (UTALCA) Talca Maule Region, Chile ; Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Piracicaba São Paulo, Brazil ; Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), National Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) Campinas São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rivera
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
keywords: Mouth neoplasms; carcinogenesis; neoplasm staging; oral cancer; oral squamous cell carcinoma; tumor microenvironment