title: Innovations in Intraoperative Tumor Visualization.
abstract: In the surgical management of solid tumors, adequacy of tumor resection has implications for local recurrence and survival. The standard method of intraoperative identification of tumor margin is frozen section pathologic analysis, which is time-consuming with potential for sampling error. Intraoperative tumor visualization has the potential to significantly improve surgical cancer care across disciplines, by guiding accuracy of biopsies, increasing adequacy of resections, directing adjuvant therapy, and even providing diagnostic information. We provide an outline of various methods of intraoperative tumor visualization developed to aid in the real-time assessment of tumor extent and adequacy of resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Box 3312 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Julia D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Visgauss
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Box 3312 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Eward
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Box 3312 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Electronic address: brian.brigman@dm.duke.edu.
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Brigman
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D061848:Optical Imaging; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
keywords: Intraoperative tumor imaging; Near-infrared fluorescent imaging; Optical imaging; Surgical margin assessment; Targeted fluorescent probes