title: Coffee consumption rapidly reduces background DNA strand breaks in healthy humans: Results of a short-term repeated uptake intervention study.
abstract: METHODS
  Intervention studies provide evidence that long-term coffee consumption correlates with reduced DNA background damage in healthy volunteers. Here, we report on short-term kinetics of this effect, showing a rapid onset after normal coffee intake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a short-term human intervention study, we determined the effects of coffee intake on DNA integrity during 8 h. Healthy male subjects ingested coffee in 200 mL aliquots every second hour up to a total volume of 800 mL. Blood samples were taken at baseline, immediately before the first coffee intake and subsequently every 2 h, prior to the respective coffee intake. DNA integrity was assayed by the comet assay. The results show a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of background DNA strand breaks already 2 h after the first coffee intake. Continued coffee intake was associated with further decrements in background DNA damage within the 8 h intervention (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Mean tail intensities (TIs%) decreased from 0.33 TI% (baseline, 0 h) to 0.22 TI% (within 8 h coffee consumption).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeated coffee consumption was associated with reduced background DNA strand breakage, clearly measurable as early as 2 h after first intake resulting in a cumulative overall reduction by about one-third of the baseline value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Molecular Nutrition, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bakuradze
authors.affiliation: Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München, Freising, Bavaria, Germany.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München, Freising, Bavaria, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.affiliation: Ds Statistik, Rosenthal-Bielatal, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schipp
authors.affiliation: Gruenstadt, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Molecular Nutrition, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eisenbrand
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Molecular Nutrition, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Richling
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D003069:Coffee; D002110:Caffeine; C009560:trigonelline
keywords: Coffee; Comet assay; DNA; Short-term; Strand breaks