title: Brief Report: Differential Associations of Interleukin 6 and Intestinal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein With Progressive Untreated HIV-1 Infection in Rakai, Uganda.
abstract: The significance of HIV-associated immune activation and microbial translocation in Sub-Saharan African population remains poorly defined. We assessed biomarkers of inflammation, microbial translocation, and cellular activation and found most factors elevated in Ugandan HIV-1 seroconverters compared with community-matched controls. In contrast to previous findings in Western cohorts, C-reactive protein, neopterin, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein were not elevated. Higher T-cell activation and IL-6 were associated with faster disease progression. Surprisingly, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, indicative of enterocyte turnover, was higher in slow than in fast progressors. These data suggest differential relationships among biomarkers of intestinal barrier integrity and innate immune activation between developed countries and Sub-Saharan Africa.
authors.affiliation: *Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda; †Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; ‡Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD; §Laboratory of Immunoregulation, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD; ‖School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; ¶School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; #Rakai Health Sciences Program, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda; **Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; ††Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and ‡‡U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD.
authors.forename: Omalla A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Olwenyi
authors.forename: Prossy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Naluyima
authors.forename: Fatim
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cham
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serwadda
authors.forename: Nelson K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sewankambo
authors.forename: Ronald H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Johan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sandberg
authors.forename: Nelson L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wabwire-Mangen
authors.forename: Merlin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Eller
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019798:Neopterin / Q000378:metabolism; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000502:physiology*; D014454:Uganda; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019798:Neopterin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein