title: The Dynamics and Regulatory Mechanism of Pronuclear H3k9me2 Asymmetry in Mouse Zygotes.
abstract: H3K9 methylation is an important histone modification that is correlated with gene transcription repression. The asymmetric H3K9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) pattern between paternal and maternal genomes is generated soon after fertilization. In the present study, we carefully determined the dynamics of H3K9me2 changes in mouse zygotes, and investigated the regulatory mechanisms. The results indicated that histone methyltransferase G9a, but not GLP, was involved in the regulation of asymmetric H3K9me2, and G9a was the methyltransferase that induced the appearance of H3K9me2 in the male pronucleus of the zygote treated with cycloheximide. We found that there were two distinct mechanisms that regulate H3K9me2 in the male pronucleus. Before 8 h of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a mechanism exists that inhibits the association of G9a with the H3K9 sites. After 10 h of IVF the inhibition of G9a activity depends on yet unknown novel protein(s) synthesis. The two mechanisms of transfer take place between 8-10 h of IVF, and the novel protein failed to inhibit G9a activity in time, resulting in the appearance of a low level de novo H3K9me2 in the male pronucleus.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Shan
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.|The ART Center of Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xian-Ju
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.|College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang 830025, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Tie-Gang
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Heide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schatten
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Yuan
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism*; D008745:Methylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008845:Microinjections; D008954:Models, Biological; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D015053:Zygote / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001381:Azepines; C518299:BIX 01294; D006657:Histones; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011799:Quinazolines; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C119196:Wiz protein, mouse; C533711:G9a protein, mouse; C513479:GLP protein, mouse; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D008239:Lysine