title: Directed forgetting of negative performed actions is difficult: A behavioural study.
abstract: Strong evidence suggests that both performing actions and emotional stimuli can enhance memory by capturing attention. However, the synergetic effect of the two factors on directed forgetting has not been assessed. In this study, we used an item-method directed forgetting paradigm to examine the forgetting of emotional materials depending on whether actions were performed. The results showed that action performance influenced the directed forgetting of emotional words. Specifically, when actions were performed there was a directed forgetting effect for neutral and positive words but not for negative words. In comparison, for verbal tasks, directed forgetting was observed for all words. The elaborative encoding prior to the remember/forget instructions and the influence of negative emotion on attentional inhibition after the presentation of the instructions together suggest that it is more difficult to intentionally forget negative performed actions.
authors.affiliation: a School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.|b Psychology Department, School of Philosophy and Society, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Guangzheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: b Psychology Department, School of Philosophy and Society, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: c Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
keywords: Action memory; Directed forgetting; Emotional words; Performing actions; Verbal tasks