title: Apoptotic effect of mtrix metalloproteinases 9 in the development of diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the potential regulatory mechanism of MMP9 in the development of DR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasmids pcDNA-MMP9 and pcDNA-Ang2 were transfected into primary rat retinal Müller cells (RMCs) using Lipofectamine 2000. Cell viability and apoptosis were respectively determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Moreover, the interaction between MMP9 and Ang2 was explored. Besides, RMCs were treated with MMP-9 under normal glucose and high glucose condition for 2d. Besides, the expression levels of apoptotic proteins, like MMP9, Ang2, Bax2, Bcl2, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase3 were determined by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cell viability of siRNA-MMP9 group was significantly increased while decreased in MMP9 overexpression group when compared to control group, respectively. The apoptotic cells in MMP9 overexpression group significantly increased while decreased in siRNA-MMP9 group when compared with control group. MMP9 expression was significantly regulated by Ang2 whereas no significant changes occurred in Ang2 expression when MMP9 expression changed. Moreover, MMP9 expression in HG group significantly increased while there were no significant differences between NG group and control group. Besides, the expression of Bax2, Bcl2, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase3 in HG group increased while there were no significant differences between NG group and control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that MMP9 may play an important role via inducing cell apoptosis in the development of DR via regulating by Ang2 or targeting apoptotic proteins, such as Bax2, Bcl2, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthamology, Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410013, Hunan, China ; Department of Ophthamology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tai He Hospital Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthamology, Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Luosheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthamology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Renhong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthamology, Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000201:enzymology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D063928:Ependymoglial Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C572337:Mmp9 protein, rat
keywords: Diabetic retinopathy; angiopoietin 2; apoptosis; mtrix metalloproteinases 9