title: Subcutaneous Immunotherapy and Sublingual Immunotherapy: Comparative Efficacy, Current and Potential Indications, and Warnings--United States Versus Europe.
abstract: Subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy are effective for allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma and with some support for use in selected patients with atopic dermatitis. The sequence of immunologic responses is the same, irrespective of the route of administration, and similar disease modification has been demonstrated. However, there are differences between the two approaches. The most important is the greatly reduced likelihood of sublingual immunotherapy producing systemic reactions. There are major drawbacks for sublingual immunotherapy in regard to dosing. Finally, there is the question of relative clinical efficacy, with the currently available data favoring subcutaneous immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: National Jewish Health and University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA. Electronic address: nelsonh@njhealth.org.
authors.forename: Harold S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.
authors.forename: Melina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makatsori
authors.affiliation: Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital NHS Trust, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK; Department of Internal Medicine and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica, USA.
authors.forename: Moises A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Calderon
mesh_terms: D000286:Administration, Sublingual; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens
keywords: AIT; Allergic asthma; Allergic rhinitis; Immunotherapy; SCIT; SLIT