title: Prognostic Biomarkers for Response to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Targeted Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma.
abstract: Improved understanding of renal carcinoma disease biology has led to the discovery and approval of five novel therapies targeting specific molecules in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biochemical pathway. Biomarker studies attempting to predict response to VEGF-targeted therapies have largely focused on circulating proteins, tissue-based molecules, and germline polymorphisms. Thus far studies have yielded conflicting results that require prospective validation; therefore no definitive biomarker has yet been integrated into the clinician's armamentarium. However, early analyses featuring genomic biomarkers have generated promising findings. This article provides an overview of available biomarkers evaluated with respect to VEGF-targeted therapies in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 353 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Winer
authors.affiliation: Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Motzer
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 353 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: hakimia@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: A Ari
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hakimi
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Biomarker; Renal cell carcinoma; Targeted therapy; Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; VEGF