title: Ultrasonographic anatomy of the healthy southern tigrina ( Leopardus guttulus) abdomen: comparison with domestic cat references.
abstract: Objectives The aim of the study was to describe the normal abdominal echoanatomy of the tigrina and to compare it with the abdominal echoanatomy of the domestic cat. Reference intervals for the normal abdominal ultrasonographic anatomy of individual species are important for accurate diagnoses and interpretation of routine health examinations. The hypothesis was that the echoanatomy of the tigrina was similar to that of the domestic cat. Methods Eighteen clinically healthy tigrina were selected for abdominal ultrasound examination, in order to obtain normal parameters of the bladder, spleen, adrenal gland, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, liver and gall bladder, and Doppler parameters of liver and kidney vessels. Results The splenic parenchyma was consistently hyperechoic to the kidneys and liver. The liver, kidneys and spleen had similar echotexture, shape and dimensions when compared with the domestic cat. The gall bladder was lobulated and surrounded by a clearly visualized thin, smooth, regular echogenic wall. The adrenal glands had a bilobulated shape. The urinary bladder had a thin echogenic wall. The Doppler parameters of the portal vein and renal artery were similar to the domestic cat. Conclusions and relevance The results support the hypothesis that the ultrasonographic parameters of the abdominal viscera of the southern tigrina are similar to those of the domestic cat.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FMVZ, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FMVZ, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Marcelino
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FMVZ, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Livia P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FMVZ, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - FMVZ, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mamprim
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D045989:Felidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D013154:Spleen / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000662:veterinary