title: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related adverse events in patients with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is frequently performed for the diagnosis and treatment of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). However, the prevalence of ERCP-related adverse events in patients with type 1 AIP has not been evaluated. We aimed to clarify the feasibility of ERCP in patients with type 1 AIP.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 82 consecutive ERCP procedures performed in patients with type 1 AIP from 2004 to 2014 in one university hospital and three tertiary-care referral centers. One hundred four ERCP procedures in chronic pancreatitis and 1123 in non-AIP cohort were enrolled as control groups. We compared the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) between type 1 AIP and control groups. We evaluated the incidence of ERCP-related adverse events and various predictive factors for hyperamylasemia after ERCP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pancreatography and cholangiography by ERCP were obtained in 78 (95.1%) and 76 (92.7%) patients, respectively. The incidence of PEP, cholangitis, and bleeding was 1.2% (1/82), 0%, and 1.2%, respectively. PEP occurred in type 1 AIP patient with diffuse parenchymal imaging, and the severity was mild. The incidences of PEP were 2.9% (3/104) and 5.4% (61/1123) in chronic pancreatitis and normal cohort, respectively. The incidence of PEP was slightly lower in type 1 AIP than non-AIP cohort (1.2% vs 5.8%, p = 0.119). There were no significant predictive factors for hyperamylasemia after ERCP in type 1 AIP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of ERCP-related adverse events is low in patients with type 1 AIP. ERCP-related procedures are feasible in the diagnosis and treatment of AIP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naitoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan. Electronic address: tnakazaw@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumihiro
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuyuki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Department of Community-based Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Joh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adverse event; Autoimmune pancreatitis; Endoscopic retrograde choangiopancreatography; IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis Cholangitis; Post-endoscopic retrograde choangiopancreatography pancreatitis