title: Techniques to improve and confirm pulmonary vein isolation.
abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most common acquired arrhythmia and is increasing in frequency as the population ages. Treatment for atrial fibrillation ranges from minimal intervention to complex catheter ablations. The strategy used to treat atrial fibrillation largely rests on the extent of symptoms in an individual patient. This review will focus on ablation for atrial fibrillation and efforts to improve the success of the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19118, USA.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Riley
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D011667:Pulmonary Veins
keywords: 3D mapping; ablation; adenosine; atrial fibrillation; atrio-esophageal fistula; cryo-ablation; high-frequency ventilation; intracardiac echocardiography; irrigated ablation; isoproterenol; phrenic nerve palsy; pulmonary vein isolation; radiofrequency ablation