title: The Differential Diagnosis of Sinonasal/Nasopharyngeal Neuroendocrine/Neuroectodermally Derived Tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms arising in the sinonasal tract is broad and includes lesions of epithelial, mesenchymal, and neuroectodermal origin.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the differential diagnosis of sinonasal neuroendocrine and neuroectodermally derived tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current literature was reviewed to provide updated information regarding the differential diagnosis and means for diagnosing neuroendocrine tumors including sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma, olfactory neuroblastoma, malignant melanoma, paraganglioma, pituitary adenoma, and Ewing family of tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The differential diagnosis of neoplasms with neuroendocrine differentiation in the sinonasal tract is broad, and diagnosis often includes not only histologic review but also immunohistochemical or molecular analysis.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Kathleen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Montone
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*