title: New records of Anthalona acuta Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont 2011 and Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002) in Brazil, with description of a new species of the simplex-branch (Crustacea: Cladocera: Chydoridae).
abstract: The range of geographical distribution of Anthalona acuta Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont 2011 and Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002) in Brazil has increased by almost 2000 km to the south. New records of Anthalona verrucosa verrucosa (Sars, 1901) were also added. Populations of Anthalona brandorffi from Central Brazil showed a peculiar morphological variation, with some individuals having only a single denticle on the labral keel. A new species of the simplex-branch, Anthalona neotropica sp. nov., was described based on Brazilian material, and this is the first taxon of this branch registered in the Neotropics. It differs from Anthalona simplex Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont 2011, a Central African species, in the morphology of underneath sack of the lateral head pores, length of IDL setae and armature of first flaming-torch seta of limb IV. It could be distinguished from Anthalona sanoamuangae Sinev & Kotov, 2012 (distributed through the South- East Asia) by the morphology of the main head pores, length of IDL setae and armature of the pecten of postabdominal claw. Anthalona neotropica sp. nov. seems to have a benthic/hyporheic habit. All studied species have a wide geographical distribution and could be confused with Anthalona verrucosa Sars, 1901, thus at least some if not all previous records of this species on the continent must be revised.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Estudos em Biodiversidade Aquática, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Francisco Diogo R
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biodiversidade Aquática, Universidade Católica de Brasília - UCB, QS7 lote 1, Bloco M, sala 204, CEP 71966-700, Taguatinga, DF, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Lourdes M A
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Elmoor-Loureiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Rubião Júnior s/n, CEP 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazi; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: José Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Debastiani-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Aracnologia, Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista - São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 20940-040; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mugnai
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Departamento de Ciências, Rua Francisco Portela, 1470, São Gonçalo - RJ, 24435-005; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Senna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D033361:Cladocera / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D008297:Male