title: Cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms and the risk of colorectal cancer: A population-based study.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the association between polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene promoter region, rs20417 G/C and rs2745557 G/A, and the susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Han Chinese population in Shaanxi, China. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to detect the polymorphisms of COX-2, rs20417 G/C and rs2745557 G/A, in 300 patients with CRC and 300 healthy individuals in the present case-control study. The results revealed that for the COX-2 rs20417 G/C polymorphism, the GC+CC allele frequency was 80% in CRC patients and 71% in healthy controls [odds ratio (OR)=1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-2.38; P=0.01]. For the COX-2 rs2745557 G/A polymorphism, the GA+AA allele frequency was 84% in CRC patients and 73% in healthy controls (OR=1.94; 95% CI, 1.30-2.90; P<0.01). In addition, among individuals with a smoking history, drinking history or family history of CRC, those who were COX-2 rs20417 (GC+CC) or COX-2 rs2745557 (GA+AA) carriers had a significantly increased risk of developing CRC compared with that of GG genotype carriers (P<0.05). Furthermore, the allelic frequencies of COX-2 rs20417 G/C and rs2745557 G/A in patients with lymph node metastasis in stage III/IV of CRC were significantly different from those of COX-2 rs20417 G/C and rs2745557 G/A in patients without lymph node metastasis in stage I/II (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that COX-2 rs20417 C allele carriers and rs2745557 A allele carriers have a significantly increased risk of CRC compared with GG genotype carriers; in addition, the frequencies of these alleles were demonstrated to be associated with lymph node metastasis and CRC progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qinyue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuixiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
keywords: colorectal cancer; cyclooxygenase-2; polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism; single-nucleotide polymorphisms