title: Adaption to High Altitude: An Evaluation of the Storage Quality of Suspended Red Blood Cells Prepared from the Whole Blood of Tibetan Plateau Migrants.
abstract: Hypoxia has been reported to cause the significant enhancement of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), which stabilizes at relatively high levels after an individual ascends to a high altitude. However, the quality of the suspended red blood cells (SRBCs) obtained from individuals at high altitudes such as Tibetan plateau migrants after storage has not been studied. In this study, we compared the storage quality of SRBCs prepared from Tibetan plateau and Deyang lowland populations by adding a normal volume of mannitol-adenine-phosphate (MAP), which is a common additive solution used in blood storage in Asian countries. The storage cell characteristics were examined on days 1, 7, 14 and 35.We found higher Hct and Hb levels and viscosity in the high altitude samples. The metabolic rates, including those for electrolytes and lactate, were higher in plateau SRBCs than in lowland SRBCs; these findings were consistent with the higher osmotic fragility and hemolysis of plateau SRBCs throughout the entire storage period. In addition, the reduction rates of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and oxygen tension to attain 50% oxygen saturation of Hb (P50) in plateau SRBCs were higher than those in lowland SRBCs, and the oxygen delivering capacity in plateau SRBCs was weaker than that in lowland SRBCs. We concluded that the storage quality of plateau SRBCs was inferior to that of lowland SRBCs when using the same concentration of MAP. We suggested that the optimal formula, including the MAP concentration or even a new additive solution, to store the plateau SRBCs must be assessed and regulated.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Tibet Autonomous Region blood center, Lhasa, Tibet, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tibet Autonomous Region blood center, Lhasa, Tibet, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Zeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Tibet Autonomous Region blood center, Lhasa, Tibet, China.
authors.forename: Meiduo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gangla
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jingdan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Dingding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D000531:Altitude; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008355:Mannitol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D018609:Tibet; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008355:Mannitol Phosphates