title: Surgery in Amphibians.
abstract: Amphibian surgery has been especially described in research. Since the last decade, interest for captive amphibians has increased, so have the indications for surgical intervention. Clinicians should not hesitate to advocate such manipulations. Amphibian surgeries have no overwhelming obstacles. These patients heal well and tolerate blood loss more than higher vertebrates. Most procedures described in reptiles (mostly lizards) can be undertaken in most amphibians if equipment can be matched to the patients' size. In general, the most difficult aspect would be the provision of adequate anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes, Muséum national d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 Rue Cuvier, Paris 75005, France. Electronic address: chai@mnhn.fr.
authors.forename: Norin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D000663:Amphibians / Q000601:surgery*; D000698:Analgesia / Q000662:veterinary; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D002988:Cloaca / Q000601:surgery; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary; D007422:Intestines / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000662:veterinary; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000662:veterinary; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000662:veterinary; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery; D058636:Surgical Drapes / Q000662:veterinary; D013737:Testis / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D014782:Visceral Prolapse / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary
keywords: Amphibians; Analgesia; Anesthesia; Celiotomy; Cystotomy; Gastrotomy; Skin surgery; Surgery