title: A comparative analysis of lung cancer patients treated with lobectomy via three-dimensional video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus two-dimensional resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Three-dimensional (3D) vision systems are now available for thoracic surgery. It is unclear whether 3D video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is superior to 2D VATS systems. This study aimed to compare the operative and perioperative data between 2D and 3D VATS lobectomy (VTL) and to identify the actual role of 3D VTL in thoracic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A two-institutional comparative study was conducted from November 2013 to November 2014 at Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute and the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China, of 300 patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients were assigned to receive either the 3D VATS (n=150) or 2D VATS (n=150) lobectomy. The operative and perioperative data between 2D VATS and 3D VATS were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of each single complication, a significantly less operative time was found in the 3D VATS group (145 min) than in the 2D VATS group (176 min) (P=0.006). Postoperative mortality rates in 3D VATS and 2D VATS groups were both 0%.No significant difference was found between groups for estimated blood loss (P=0.893), chest drainage tube placement time (P=0.397), length of hospital stay (P=0.199), number of lymph nodes resected (P=0.397), postoperative complications (P=0.882) and cost of care (P=0.913).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early results of this study demonstrate that the 3D VATS lobectomy procedure can be performed with less operative time. 3D VATS and 2D VATS lobectomy are both safe procedures in first-line surgical treatment of NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Chengliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yegang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Guilin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yongyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, China ; 2 Dalian Medical University Clinical Oncology College, Shenyang 110042, China ; 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China ; 5 Key cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Jianxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
keywords: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS); lobectomy; three-dimensional (3D)