title: Current evidence on the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 + 49G > A polymorphism and digestive system cancer risks: a meta-analysis involving 11,923 subjects.
abstract: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA-4) plays an important role in downregulating T cell activation and proliferation. The CTLA-4 + 49G > A polymorphism is one of the most commonly studied polymorphisms in this gene due to its association with many cancer types, but the association between CTLA-4 + 49G > A polymorphism and digestive system cancer risks remain inconclusive. An updated meta-analysis based on 17 independent case-control studies consisting of 5176 cancer patients and 6747 controls was performed to address this association. Overall, there was no statistically increased risk of digestive system cancers in every genetic comparison. In subgroup analysis, this polymorphism was significantly linked to higher risks for pancreatic cancer (GG vs. AA, OR = 1.976, 95% CI = 1.496-2.611; GA vs. AA, OR = 1.433, 95% CI = 1.093-1.879; GG/GA vs. AA, OR = 1.668, 95% CI = 1.286-2.164; GG vs. GA/AA, OR = 1.502, 95% CI = 1.098-2.054; G vs. A, OR = 1.394, 95% CI = 1.098-1.770). We also observed increased susceptibility of hepatocellular cell carcinoma in homozygote comparison (OR = 1.433, 95% CI = 1.100-1.866) and dominant model (OR = 1.360, 95% CI = 1.059-1.746). According to the source of controls, significant effects were only observed in hospital-based studies (GA/AA vs. GG, OR = 1.257, 95% CI = 1.129-1.399). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, no significantly increased risks were found in either Asian or Caucasian. Our findings suggest that the CTLA-4 + 49G > A polymorphism may be associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiaolei
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Baohong
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haipeng
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shuzhen
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jianfeng
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiangpo
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China ; Ping Du People's Hospital, Hong Qi Road 15#, Ping Du, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haiyu
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dejie
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jinhong
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huanxin
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wenhui
authors.affiliation: Wei Fang People's Hospital, Yu He Road 151#, Kui Wen District, Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guohua
keywords: CTLA-4; Cancer;; Meta-analysis; Polymorphisms;