title: Metabolic markers in blood can separate prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An individualised risk-stratified screening for prostate cancer (PCa) would select the patients who will benefit from further investigations as well as therapy. Current detection methods suffer from low sensitivity and specificity, especially for separating PCa from benign prostatic conditions. We have investigated the use of metabolomics analyses of blood samples for separating PCa patients and controls with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood plasma and serum samples from 29 PCa patient and 21 controls with BPH were analysed by metabolomics analysis using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. Differences in blood metabolic patterns were examined by multivariate and univariate statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By combining results from different methodological platforms, PCa patients and controls were separated with a sensitivity and specificity of 81.5% and 75.2%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined analysis of serum and plasma samples by different metabolomics measurement techniques gave successful discrimination of PCa and controls, and provided metabolic markers and insight into the processes characteristic of PCa. Our results suggest changes in fatty acid (acylcarnitines), choline (glycerophospholipids) and amino acid metabolism (arginine) as markers for PCa compared with BPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.|St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
authors.forename: Guro F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Giskeødegård
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Ailin Falkmo
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.|Department of Urology, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bertilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Susana Villa
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Kåre Andre
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bruheim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway.
authors.forename: Svein A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mjøs
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.|St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angelsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Tone Frost
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Bathen
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway.|St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
authors.forename: May-Britt
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Tessem
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor