title: Low Temperature Adaptation Is Not the Opposite Process of High Temperature Adaptation in Terms of Changes in Amino Acid Composition.
abstract: Previous studies focused on psychrophilic adaptation generally have demonstrated that multiple mechanisms work together to increase protein flexibility and activity, as well as to decrease the thermostability of proteins. However, the relationship between high and low temperature adaptations remains unclear. To investigate this issue, we collected the available predicted whole proteome sequences of species with different optimal growth temperatures, and analyzed amino acid variations and substitutional asymmetry in pairs of homologous proteins from related species. We found that changes in amino acid composition associated with low temperature adaptation did not exhibit a coherent opposite trend when compared with changes in amino acid composition associated with high temperature adaptation. This result indicates that during their evolutionary histories the proteome-scale evolutionary patterns associated with prokaryotes exposed to low temperature environments were distinct from the proteome-scale evolutionary patterns associated with prokaryotes exposed to high temperature environments in terms of changes in amino acid composition of the proteins.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and the Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and the Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Kun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and the Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China xyzhi@ynu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001105:Archaea / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D003080:Cold Temperature; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006358:Hot Temperature; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: amino acid composition; asymmetric substitution; homologous protein; low temperature adaptation