title: Asthma in Olympians.
abstract: High prevalence of asthma has been reported repeatedly among elite athletes, especially among endurance athletes. So many athletes used asthma drugs that the objective demonstration of bronchial hyperresponsiveness was required to obtain approval for their use in international sports until 2012 when the most used inhaled asthma drugs was allowed for free use, but with a maximum dose for inhaled β2-agonists. Several factors contribute to the development of asthma among the Olympians causing airways inflammation and bronchial hyper-responsiveness.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Rikshospitalet, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences.
authors.forename: Kai-Håkon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Carlsen
mesh_terms: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D056352:Athletes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001642:Bicycling; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D052638:Particulate Matter; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013177:Sports; D013550:Swimming; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions