title: Improving green enrichment of virgin olive oil by oregano. Effects on antioxidants.
abstract: This work is about improvement of a maceration method in order to achieve a green process for the enrichment of virgin olive oil (VOO) with natural antioxidants, specifically from oregano leaves. This goal was accomplished after evaluating different mechanical methods, i.e. magnetic stirring, sonication, vertical stirring and sonication in combination with vertical stirring, for promoting the extraction of the antioxidants from oregano. The results obtained indicated that the best extraction procedure was vertical stirring at 1000 r.p.m. for 3 h. Therefore, these conditions were selected to enrich VOO with phenolic acids (mainly rosmarinic acid) and endogenous antioxidants (o-coumaric and vanillic acids), and further determine their stability at room temperature or under temperature stress (50°C) during 45 days. Quantitative analysis of rosmarinic, o-coumaric and vanillic acids was carried out by an off-line, solid phase extraction, capillary zone, electrophoresis method combined with diode-array detector (SPE-CE-DAD).
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla - La Mancha, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Gregorio Castañeda
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Peñalvo
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla - La Mancha, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Ciudad Real, Spain; Research Group: Cellular Neuroanatomy and Molecular Chemistry of Central Nervous System, Faculty of Pharmacy, Albacete, Spain. Electronic address: virginia.rrobledo@uclm.es.
authors.forename: Virginia Rodríguez
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Robledo
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla - La Mancha, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Carolina Sánchez-Carnerero
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Callado
authors.affiliation: Research Group: Cellular Neuroanatomy and Molecular Chemistry of Central Nervous System, Faculty of Pharmacy, Albacete, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Santander-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla - La Mancha, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Ciudad Real, Spain; Research Group: Cellular Neuroanatomy and Molecular Chemistry of Central Nervous System, Faculty of Pharmacy, Albacete, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castro-Vázquez
authors.affiliation: Research Group: Cellular Neuroanatomy and Molecular Chemistry of Central Nervous System, Faculty of Pharmacy, Albacete, Spain.
authors.forename: M Victoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.affiliation: Research Group: Cellular Neuroanatomy and Molecular Chemistry of Central Nervous System, Faculty of Pharmacy, Albacete, Spain.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Arroyo-Jiménez
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis; D053630:Depsides / Q000032:analysis; D005503:Food Additives / Q000032:analysis*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000737:chemistry*; D031341:Origanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D005503:Food Additives; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C017616:phenolic acid
keywords: Antioxidants; Capillary zone electrophoresis; Enrichment; Oregano; Phenolic acids; Virgin olive oil