title: IL15 and T-cell Stemness in T-cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy.
abstract: Preclinical models revealed that the immune system can mediate rejection of established tumors, but direct evidence in humans has been limited to largely immunogenic tumors, such as melanoma. The recent success of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T-cell transfer immunotherapy in clinical trials has instilled new hope for the use of T-cell immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer. IL15, a potent immunostimulatory cytokine, both potentiates host T-cells and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses and promotes the generation of long-lived memory T cells with superior functional capacity, with potential use in adoptive T-cell transfer protocols. IL15 has been recently tested in the clinic and showed dramatic effects at the level of responding NK and CD8(+) memory T cells. The recent advances in the knowledge of IL15-dependent regulation of T-cell responses, gene expression, and metabolic adaptation have important implications for the use of IL15 in T-cell-based immunotherapy of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pilipow
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roberto
authors.affiliation: ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roederer
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Waldmann
authors.affiliation: Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.|Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mavilio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lugli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D019409:Interleukin-15