title: Temperature Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (T-SORS): Subsurface Chemically Specific Measurement of Temperature in Turbid Media Using Anti-Stokes Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy.
abstract: Here we propose and demonstrate a new analytical method for the noninvasive measurement of subsurface temperatures within diffusely scattering (turbid) media in combination with high chemical selectivity. The method is based upon the first combination of Stokes/anti-Stokes light scattering measurements and the recently developed spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS). This approach has been conceptually demonstrated by measuring material-specific temperatures within a turbid sublayer of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) through a highly diffusely scattering overlayer of poly(oxymethylene) POM (3 mm thick). Root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 0.16-0.71 °C were achieved when measuring temperatures over ranges between 24 and 45 °C. This unique capability complements the array of existing, predominantly surface-based, temperature measurement techniques. It paves the way for a wide range of topical applications including subsurface, chemically specific, noninvasive temperature measurements within translucent media including the human body, subsurface monitoring of chemical or catalytic processes in manufacture quality and process control, and research.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Physics, School of Physics, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.affiliation: Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matousek
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Physics, School of Physics, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stone