title: Endonasal extended columellar strut in Asian rhinoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, sculpturing of projected and sharp nasal tips, as is usual in the white population, has been of great concern in Asian rhinoplasty. However, tip surgery in Asians should be performed in a different way due to anatomic differences. The authors used an endonasal rhinoplasty to correct the position of lower lateral cartilage by adopting a modified columellar strut. This novel technique of an endonasal extended columellar strut (EECS) could project the nasal tip significantly while avoiding hard fixation. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the EECS in Asians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed with 40 patients who underwent EECS from March 2012 to August 2014. Photographs taken preoperatively and postoperatively were analyzed. The tip projection, the ratio of the length of the infratip lobule to the total length of the tip, and a columellar labial angle change were measured. Overall, surgical outcomes were rated into three grades (excellent, good, and fair) by two experienced rhinoplasty surgeons (J.Y.K., M.S.C.). All the patients were asked to rate their cosmetic satisfaction by using a visual analog scale (10 points).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative nasal tip projection significantly increased, from 24.2 to 26.7 mm (p < 0.01). The ratio of the length of the infratip lobule to the total length of the tip mildly increased, from 0.45 to 046 in men, and remained unchanged, at 0.48, in women. The columellar labial angle significantly increased, from 86.9° to 93.7° (p < 0.01). Surgical outcomes were rated by two experienced surgeons as excellent (40%), good (42%), and fair (18%). Subjectively, patients graded their satisfaction at ∼ 8.7 on the visual analog scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel EECS technique enabled satisfactory tip projection in Asians while maintaining a natural ratio of infratip lobule to total length of tip and leaving no external scar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Konyang University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Yeup
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myoung Su
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000601:surgery*; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult