title: Nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of gonads of sea urchin Stomopneustes variolaris.
abstract: The study investigated, for the first time, proximate nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of gonads from the sea urchin, Stomopneustes variolaris, inhabiting the coastal area of Visakhapatnam (India). Moisture, ash, proteins, lipids and carbohydrate content were 77.53%±0.80, 3.76%±0.25, 12.10%±0.41, 4.98%±0.36 and 1.63%±0.18, respectively, based on dry weight. The gonads were rich in essential amino acids (ca. 32.1% of total amino acids) with the most predominant being phenylalanine, lysine and valine. The essential to non-essential amino acid ratio was 0.5. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constituted 22.01%±2.2 of total fatty acids. The ω6:ω3 ratio was 0.94. Total phenol content of the gonad was 9.90±0.01 mg GAE/g and the IC50 of the extract, using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, was 57.81 μg/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Living Resources, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India. Electronic address: archana.ayyagari@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ayyagari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Archana
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Living Resources, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.
authors.forename: K Ramesh
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Babu
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006066:Gonads / Q000737:chemistry; D007194:India; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000032:analysis; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000737:chemistry*; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (PubChem CID: 74358); Antioxidant; Ascorbic acid (PubChem CID 54670067); Boric acid (PubChem CID: 7628); Boron trifluoride (PubChem CID: 6356); Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent (PubChem CID: 516996); Gallic acid (PubChem CID: 370); Gonads; Hydrochloric acid (PubChem CID: 313); Methanol (PubChem CID: 887); O-phthalaldehyde (PubChem CID: 4807); Perchloric acid (PubChem CID: 24247); Petroleum ether (PubChem CID: 5794); Proximate composition; Sea urchin; Sodium chloride (PubChem CID: 5234); Sodium hydroxide (PubChem CID: 14798); Sodium hypochlorite (PubChem CID: 23665760); Stomopneustes variolaris; Trisodium citrate (PubChem CID: 6224)