title: Inverse dynamics modelling of upper-limb tremor, with cross-correlation analysis.
abstract: A method to characterise upper-limb tremor using inverse dynamics modelling in combination with cross-correlation analyses is presented. A 15 degree-of-freedom inverse dynamics model is used to estimate the joint torques required to produce the measured limb motion, given a set of estimated inertial properties for the body segments. The magnitudes of the estimated torques are useful when assessing patients or evaluating possible intervention methods. The cross-correlation of the estimated joint torques is proposed to gain insight into how tremor in one limb segment interacts with tremor in another. The method is demonstrated using data from a single patient presenting intention tremor because of multiple sclerosis. It is shown that the inertial properties of the body segments can be estimated with sufficient accuracy using only the patient's height and weight as a priori knowledge, which ensures the method's practicality and transferability to clinical use. By providing a more detailed, objective characterisation of patient-specific tremor properties, the method is expected to improve the selection, design and assessment of treatment options on an individual basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TR , UK.
authors.forename: Laurence P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ketteringham
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TR , UK.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Western
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TR , UK.
authors.forename: Simon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Neild
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TR , UK.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.affiliation: MS Research Unit , Bristol & Avon Multiple Sclerosis (BrAMS) Centre , Frenchay Hospital , Bristol , BS16 1LE , UK.
authors.forename: Rosie J S
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: MS Research Unit , Bristol & Avon Multiple Sclerosis (BrAMS) Centre , Frenchay Hospital , Bristol , BS16 1LE , UK.
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Davies-Smith
keywords: biomechanics; body segments; cross-correlation analysis; diseases; inertial properties; intention tremor; inverse dynamics modelling; joint torques; limb motion; multiple sclerosis; patient treatment; torque; upper limb tremor