title: CRF-R1 activation in the anterior-dorsal BNST induces maternal neglect in lactating rats via an HPA axis-independent central mechanism.
abstract: Adequate maternal behavior in rats requires minimal corticotropin-releasing factor receptor (CRF-R) activation in the medial-posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (mpBNST). Based on the architectural heterogeneity of the BNST and its distinct inter-neural connectivity, we tested whether CRF-R manipulation in another functional part, the anterior-dorsal BNST (adBNST), differentially modulates maternal behavior. We demonstrate that in the adBNST, activation of CRF-R1 reduced arched back nursing (ABN) and nursing, whereas activation of CRF-R2 resulted in an initial reduction in nursing but significantly increased the incidence of ABN 5h after the treatment. Following stressor exposure, which is detrimental to maternal care, ABN tended to be protected by CRF-R1 blockade. Maternal motivation, maternal aggression, and anxiety were unaffected by any manipulation. Furthermore, under basal and stress conditions, activation of adBNST CRF-R1 increased plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations, whereas stimulation of adBNST CRF-R2 increased basal plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations, but blocked the stress-induced increase in plasma corticosterone secretion. Moreover, both the CRF-R1 and -R2 antagonists prevented the stress-induced increase in plasma corticosterone secretion. Importantly, elevated levels of circulating corticosterone induced by intra-adBNST administration of CRF-R1 or -R2 agonist did not impact maternal care. Finally, Crf mRNA expression in the adBNST was increased during lactation; however, Crfr1 mRNA expression was similar between lactating and virgin rats. In conclusion, maternal care is impaired by adBNST CRF-R1 activation, and this appears to be the result of a central action, rather than an effect of elevated circulating levels of CORT. These data provide new insights into potential causes of disturbed maternal behavior postpartum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address: stefanie.klampfl@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Stefanie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Klampfl
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK. Electronic address: P.J.Brunton@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Paula J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Brunton
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address: doris.bayerl@ur.de.
authors.forename: Doris S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bayerl
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address: oliver.bosch@ur.de.
authors.forename: Oliver J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Bosch
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D012686:Septal Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1
chemical_list: C101531:CRF receptor type 2; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Anxiety; Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; Corticotropin-releasing factor; Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis; Maternal behavior