title: Secondary laryngeal tuberculosis revisited.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laryngeal tuberculosis is often misdiagnosed and is a highly contagious public health problem. The changing pattern of the clinical involvement of this disease poses a diagnostic challenge. The authors report four cases of laryngeal tuberculosis encountered in a short span of one month.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the four patients who presented to us with hoarseness had underlying active lesions in the lung. In spite of that they presented with mainly laryngeal symptoms and a multitude of findings on laryngeal examination. A diagnosis could be established owing to a high index of clinical suspicion, and due consideration given to the chest findings and positive sputum examination. The patients showed an excellent response to antituberculous therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study underlines the varied nature of laryngeal tuberculosis and the importance of addressing the hoarseness of a patient at the earliest, for the prompt diagnosis of this infectious condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Jaini V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Lodha
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Arpit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Nitish
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Virmani
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Ameya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bihani
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Jyoti P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dabholkar
keywords: Anti-tuberculosis treatment; laryngeal tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis