title: Retrospective survey to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Japanese botulinum antitoxin therapy in Japan.
abstract: Japanese botulinum antitoxins have been used for more than 50 years; however, their safety and therapeutic efficacy are not clear. In order to analyze the available data on botulinum antitoxin therapy in Japan, we surveyed published reports about botulism cases in which botulinum antitoxins were used, and retrospectively analyzed the safety and efficacy of the therapy. A total of 134 patients administered botulinum antitoxins were identified from published reports. Two cases of side effects (1.5%) were detected after antitoxin administration, both not fatal. The fatality rate was 9.4%, and more than 70% of the patients showed improvement in their symptoms and better clinical conditions than those not treated with antitoxins. These data suggest that the therapy with Japanese antitoxins is safe and highly effective.
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan. Electronic address: mottate-ke@kaketsuken.or.jp.
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mottate
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokote
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigemi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horita
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Torii
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ohrai-kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kozaki
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Motohide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken), 1-6-1 Okubo, Kita-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ginnaga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001904:Botulinum Antitoxin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001906:Botulism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D040442:Public Health Informatics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001904:Botulinum Antitoxin
keywords: Botulism; Fatality rate; Retrospective survey; Side effect