title: Diagnostic Value of Circulating CXC Chemokines in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating CXC chemokines as biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer and compare them against a standard panel of already existing cancer biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 90 individuals were enrolled in the study. We analyzed 30 patients with stage IA-IIB carcinoma of the lung who underwent pulmonary resection, 30 patients with metastatic NSCLC, and 30 healthy volunteers. The biomarkers levels were measured in plasma blood samples, by ELISA and immunoassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of circulating CXCL4, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 were higher and those of circulating CXCL1 were lower in patients with early-stage NSCLC compared to metastatic NSCLC patients and controls (p<0.05). CXCL4, CXCL9 and CXCL11 were included in the panel that showed a sensitivity of 100% versus 60% for CEA, CA125 and CYFRA21-1 (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination of CXCL4, CXCL9 and CXCL11 has a high diagnostic value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harefield Hospital, The Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, Middlesex, U.K. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia artjoms.spaks@stradini.lv.
authors.forename: Artjoms
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spaks
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Inta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jaunalksne
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Spaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harefield Hospital, The Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, Middlesex, U.K.
authors.forename: Dimple
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chudasama
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, U.K.
authors.forename: Ainis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pirtnieks
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Dainis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krievins
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019743:Chemokines, CXC
keywords: CXC; Chemokines; NSCLC biomarkers; lung cancer