title: Effects of preincubation of eggs and activation medium on the percentage of eyed embryos in ide (Leuciscus idus), an externally fertilizing fish.
abstract: Standardization of fertilization protocols is crucial for improving reproductive techniques for externally fertilizing fish in captive breeding. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of preincubation of eggs and activation medium on the percentage of eyed embryos for ide (Leuciscus idus). Pooled eggs from five females were preincubated in three different activating media for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 seconds and then fertilized by pooled sperm from five males. At the eyed-egg stage, the percentage of viable embryos was later calculated. Results showed that preincubation time was significant for the freshwater activation medium (P < 0.001), such that the percentage of eyed embryos declined across the preincubation time gradient. Additionally, there was an effect on the percentage of eyed embryos when eggs were incubated with Woynarovich solution (P < 0.001), such that a decline was detected at 90 seconds, whereas no effect was detected for the saline water medium. Activating medium had a significant effect on the percentage of eyed embryos for each preincubation time (P < 0.05). More precisely, freshwater produced the lowest percentage of eyed embryos at all preincubation times (ranged from 1.9% at 120 seconds to 43.6% at 0 seconds), whereas saline water and Woynarovich solution produced the highest percentage of eyed embryos at 0 seconds and 30 seconds before incubation. Woynarovich solution produced the highest percentage of eyed embryos at 60 seconds (65.26%), whereas saline water produced the highest percentage at 90 seconds (68.37%). No difference was detected between saline water and Woynarovich solution at 120 seconds. Examination of sperm traits showed no impact of activating medium on computer assisted sperm analysis parameters. Together, these results suggest that saline water or Woynarovich solution improve fertilization rate in ide during IVF; thus, these media are useful for standardizing fertilization protocols and controlled reproduction for this species.
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic. Electronic address: siddique@frov.jcu.cz.
authors.forename: Mohammad Abdul Momin
authors.initials: MAM
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.affiliation: University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Otomar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Linhart
authors.affiliation: Department of Lake and River Fisheries, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krejszeff
authors.affiliation: Department of Lake and River Fisheries, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Żarski
authors.affiliation: Department of Ichthyology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Król
authors.affiliation: DTU Aqua-National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Marine Ecology and Oceanography, Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ian Anthony Ernest
authors.initials: IAE
authors.lastname: Butts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000662:veterinary; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015053:Zygote / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media
keywords: Artificial reproduction; Egg receptivity; In vitro fertilization; Saline water; Sperm motility; Woynarovich solution