title: Association of Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase-Expressed Macrophages and Metastatic Breast Cancer Progression.
abstract: Infiltrating neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and cytokines constitute a state of chronic inflammation within the tumor microenvironment. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5a (TRACP5a) protein, a novel product of activated macrophage, is postulated to be a biomarker for systemic inflammatory burden in states of chronic inflammation. We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of TRACP5a expression in tumor-infiltrating macrophages and serum TRACP5a in patients with metastatic breast cancer (BC). We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data from 34 BC patients with confirmed skeletal/visceral metastasis upon or during first-line palliative treatment. Patients were stratified into 3 groups based on the therapeutic responses and follow-up disease course. The association of TRACP5a protein with other inflammatory and cancer biomarkers was assessed among the clinically distinct group of patients. Higher TRACP5a protein was significantly correlated with earlier disease progression and survival (P = 0.0045) in comparison to other inflammatory markers, CRP or IL-6. Patients with higher serum TRACP5a level and shorter survival and treatment refractoriness also had more TRACP+ tumor-infiltrating macrophages. Our data support a hypothesis that serum TRACP5a protein can potentially be a predictive and prognostic marker to evaluate disease progression and therapeutic response in BC patients with bone/visceral metastasis. The associations between overall survival and TRACP expression by macrophages require further prospective investigation.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (Y-GC, R-HY, S-HL, M-SD); Special Hematology Laboratory, Veterans Administrative Medical Center, Louisville, KY (AJ); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University (T-YC); Division of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center (H-WG); and Division of Breast Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (J-CY, G-SL).
authors.forename: Yu-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janckila
authors.forename: Tsu-Yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Ren-Hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Hong-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Su-Huei
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jyh-Cherng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Guo-Shiou
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ming-Shen
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007527:Isoenzymes; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase