title: Long-lasting concentrations of cefovecin after subcutaneous and intramuscular administration to Patagonian sea lions (Otaria flavescens).
abstract: Cefovecin is a third-generation cephalosporin developed as an aqueous solution for use by the subcutaneous route in dogs and cats. This study evaluated the duration of cefovecin plasma concentrations after single intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous (SC) injection at different doses in 10 Patagonian sea lions (Otaria flavescens). Blood samples were collected serially from the day of the injection up to 60-90 days post-injection. Plasma drug concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-UV detection and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis. No reactions or side effects associated with the drug were observed in any of the studied animals. Both routes showed very similar pharmacokinetic behaviour. Elimination half-life (11.3-21.6 days, SC; 13.1-15.9 days, IM) and mean residence time (17.6-36.8 days SC; 16.5-25.4 days IM) were, in all cases and doses, considerably longer than those previously reported for any other species. Based on these findings, and preliminary data on specific pathogen sensitivity, cefovecin was found to be a very promising antimicrobial for Patagonian sea lions, in particular those that are difficult to access or that are under certain rehabilitation conditions.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Services, L'Oceanográfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, Junta de Murs i Vals, s/n, 46013 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: García-Párraga
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gilabert
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Department, Central Veterinary Laboratory-Animal Health, Road M-106 km 1.4, 28110 Algete Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: García-Peña
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Services, L'Oceanográfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, Junta de Murs i Vals, s/n, 46013 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Álvaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ros-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Services, L'Oceanográfic, Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias, Junta de Murs i Vals, s/n, 46013 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valls
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: tencinas@ucm.es.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Encinas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D046070:Sea Lions / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; C516253:cefovecin
keywords: Cefovecin; Cephalosporins; Patagonian sea lion; Pharmacokinetics