title: Soundscapes and Larval Settlement: Larval Bivalve Responses to Habitat-Associated Underwater Sounds.
abstract: We quantified the effects of habitat-associated sounds on the settlement response of two species of bivalves with contrasting habitat preferences: (1) Crassostrea virginicia (oyster), which prefers to settle on other oysters, and (2) Mercenaria mercenaria (clam), which settles on unstructured habitats. Oyster larval settlement in the laboratory was significantly higher when exposed to oyster reef sound compared with either off-reef or no-sound treatments. Clam larval settlement did not vary according to sound treatments. Similar to laboratory results, field experiments showed that oyster larval settlement in "larval housings" suspended above oyster reefs was significantly higher compared with off-reef sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. eggleston@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Eggleston
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. ashleelillis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ashlee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lillis
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. drbohnen@ncsu.edu.
authors.forename: DelWayne R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bohnenstiehl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000502:physiology*; D017753:Ecosystem; D007814:Larva / Q000502:physiology; D049891:Mercenaria / Q000502:physiology*; D012623:Seawater; D013016:Sound
keywords: Clams; Estuarine soundscape; Habitat-specific sounds; Larval settlement; Oysters