title: Gut microbiota analysis reveals a marked shift to bifidobacteria by a starter infant formula containing a synbiotic of bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CNCM I-3446.
abstract: Non-digestible milk oligosaccharides were proposed as receptor decoys for pathogens and as nutrients for beneficial gut commensals like bifidobacteria. Bovine milk contains oligosaccharides, some of which are structurally identical or similar to those found in human milk. In a controlled, randomized double-blinded clinical trial we tested the effect of feeding a formula supplemented with a mixture of bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides (BMOS) generated from whey permeate, containing galacto-oligosaccharides and 3'- and 6'-sialyllactose, and the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) strain CNCM I-3446. Breastfed infants served as reference group. Compared with a non-supplemented control formula, the test formula showed a similar tolerability and supported a similar growth in healthy newborns followed for 12 weeks. The control, but not the test group, differed from the breast-fed reference group by a higher faecal pH and a significantly higher diversity of the faecal microbiota. In the test group the probiotic B. lactis increased by 100-fold in the stool and was detected in all supplemented infants. BMOS stimulated a marked shift to a bifidobacterium-dominated faecal microbiota via increases in endogenous bifidobacteria (B. longum, B. breve, B. bifidum, B. pseudocatenulatum).
authors.affiliation: Pédiatrie (PED), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Simeoni
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Postdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Junick
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Postdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blaut
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Nutrition, Clinical Development Unit, Nestec Ltd, Vevey, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pecquet
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Enea
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rezzonico
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grathwohl
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sprenger
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brüssow
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Hania
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Szajewska
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bartoli
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brevaut-Malaty
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borszewska-Kornacka
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feleszko
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: François
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gire
authors.affiliation: Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leclaire
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Maurin
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skórka
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Squizzaro
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: J-J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Verdot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000069982:Bifidobacterium animalis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000032:analysis*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D058616:Synbiotics / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005503:Food Additives; D009844:Oligosaccharides