title: Positive Bias in Teenage Drivers With ADHD Within a Simulated Driving Task.
abstract: Youth with ADHD exhibit positive bias, an overestimation of ability, relative to external indicators. The positive bias construct is understudied in adolescents, particularly in the domain of driving. Study is needed as youth with ADHD experience greater negative outcomes in driving relative to typically developing teens.
  
  
  
  Positive bias on a driving simulator task was investigated with 172 teenagers with ADHD, combined type. Youth participated in a driving simulation task and rated driving performance afterward.
  
  
  
  Compared with external ratings of driving performance, youth overestimated driving competence for specific driving behaviors as well as globally. The global rating demonstrated a greater degree of positive bias. Greater positive bias on global ratings of driving ability also predicted greater rates of risky driving behaviors during the simulator exercise independent from disruptive behavior disorder symptoms.
  
  
  
  Results inform prevention and intervention efforts for teenage drivers with ADHD.
authors.affiliation: 1 University at Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Fabiano
authors.affiliation: 1 University at Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Schatz
authors.affiliation: 1 University at Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Hulme
authors.affiliation: 1 University at Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: 1 University at Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Vujnovic
authors.affiliation: 2 RTI International, Raleigh, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Willoughby
authors.affiliation: 3 Buffalo State College, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Dwight
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.affiliation: 1 University at Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Kemper E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: 4 Ohio University, Athens, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: 5 Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Pelham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012649:Self Concept
keywords: ADHD; accidental injury; driving; positive bias