title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in a transplanted kidney: A case report and literature review.
abstract: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder occurs in approximately one percent of kidney transplant recipients. We evaluated a seventy-seven year-old man with a solid mass in his transplant kidney. On contrast enhanced ultrasound, the mass enhanced but remained persistently hypovascular throughout exam. The enhancement pattern of the mass differed from that typical of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, the main differential diagnosis. Final pathology after partial nephrectomy confirmed post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. This is the first report of contrast enhanced ultrasound findings in a renal mass diagnosed as post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Contrast enhanced ultrasound has a promising role in imaging of renal masses, particularly relevant in transplant patients due to the lack of nephrotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Alyssa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lampe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Vinay A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Duddalwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hooman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Djaladat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aron
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mittul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulati
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Contrast enhanced ultrasound; lymphoma; post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder; renal transplant