title: Serum cytokine, chemokine and hormone levels in Saudi adults with pre-diabetes: a one-year prospective study.
abstract: Approximately 5-10% of subjects with pre-diabetes eventually progress to diabetes every year. While inflammation is thought to be involved in the development of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the relation between inflammation and pre-diabetes remains largely unexplored. In this study we examined a comprehensive panel of 10 serum biomarkers involved in overweight and obese subjects with pre-diabetes. A total of 98 subjects (23 males, 75 females) were advised to reduce total intake of fat, increase fiber intake and physical activity. Serum cytokines, MCP and other hormones were assessed by multiplex cytokine profiling. Results show that CRP, IL-6, leptin, IL-10, MCP, resistin, serpin, and TNF-α were significantly lower after 12-months than baseline. Serum concentrations of other adipocytokines, including adipsin and leptin were modestly lower in the 12-month follow-up than baseline, but failed to reach statistical significance. Changes in HbA1c was found to be positively correlated with adipsin, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, resistin, serpin, and TNF-α. The results suggest that promotion of lifestyle changes for one year among overweight and obese subjects modestly changes several circulating inflammatory biomarkers which maybe favorable in reducing risk for T2DM progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biochemistry, Biomarkers Research Program, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nasser M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Al-Daghri
authors.affiliation: College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulrahman Sm
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al-Ajlan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hanan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alfawaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biochemistry, Biomarkers Research Program, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sobhy M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yakout
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Specialized Diabetes and Endocrine Center, College of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City and King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh 22490, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naji
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aljohani
authors.affiliation: Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire Trust Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sudhesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biochemistry, Biomarkers Research Program, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Majed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alokail
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D020738:Leptin; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity; D050177:Overweight; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015415:Biomarkers; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D020738:Leptin
keywords: DMT2; Pre-diabetes; cytokines; follow-up; inflammation