title: Current status of brain protection during surgery for congenital cardiac defect.
abstract: The long-term neurodevelopmental outcome has been a great concern for cardiac surgeons although it is still unclear. There are some risks regarding the neurological and neuropsychological deficits before, during and after cardiovascular surgery. Current status of brain protection during congenital heart surgery could be reported. The incidence of neurologic outcome and the appropriate CPB strategy for brain protection are stated, and the latest data of neurodevelopmental outcome after pediatric cardiac surgery are clarified.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan. takasakamoto@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods*; D065886:Neurodevelopmental Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Cardiopulmonary bypass; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Neurodevelopmental examination; Neurodevelopmental outcome; Pediatric cardiac surgery