title: Heterogeneity of tumor endothelial cells and drug delivery.
abstract: To date anti-angiogenic therapy has been used for cancer therapy widely, yielding promising results. However, it has been elucidated that current anti-angiogenic drug has several issues to be solved, such as side-effects and drug resistance. It has been reported that tumor endothelial cells (TECs) differ from normal counterparts. In addition, it was shown that the TECs are heterogeneous according to the malignancy status of tumor. The development of novel strategy for targeting tumor vasculature is required. Recently, we have developed an active targeting system, which targets TECs specifically. In this review, we will discuss how TECs in tumor vasculature are heterogeneous and offer new perspectives on a drug delivery system, which can target heterogeneous tumor blood vessels from a viewpoint of personalized medicine.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology, Frontier Research Unit, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan. Electronic address: khida@igm.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology, Frontier Research Unit, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan.
authors.forename: Nako
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maishi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Angiogenesis; Anti-angiogenic therapy; Drug delivery; Heterogeneity; MEND; Metastasis; Tumor; Tumor endothelial cell