title: Biochemical Diagnosis and Preoperative Imaging of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.
abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors are a group of neoplasms that can arise in a variety of locations throughout the body and often metastasize early. A patient's only chance for cure is surgical removal of the primary tumor and all associated metastases, although even when surgical cure is unlikely, patients can benefit from surgical debulking. A thorough preoperative workup will often require multiple clinical tests and imaging studies to locate the primary tumor, delineate the extent of the disease, and assess tumor functionality. This review discusses the biomarkers important for the diagnosis of these tumors and the imaging modalities needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: O'Dorisio
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Electronic address: james-howe@uiowa.edu.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Howe
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Carcinoid; Gut hormones; OctreoScan; Pancreas neuroendocrine tumors