title: Fermentation and dry fractionation increase bioactivity of cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus).
abstract: Phenolic composition and bioactivity of cloudberry was modified by bioprocessing, and highly bioactive fractions were produced by dry fractionation of the press cake. During fermentation polymeric ellagitannins were partly degraded into ellagic acid derivatives. Phenolic compounds were differentially distributed in seed coarse and fine fractions after dry fractionation process. Tannins concentrated in fine fraction, and flavonol derivatives were mainly found in coarse fraction. Ellagic acid derivatives were equally distributed between the dry fractions. Fermentation and dry fractionation increased statistically significantly anti-adhesion and anti-inflammatory activity of cloudberry. The seed fine fraction showed significant inhibition of P fimbria-mediated haemagglutination assay of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The seed coarse fraction significantly reduced NO and IL-6 production and iNOS expression in activated macrophages. Fermentation did not affect antimicrobial activity, but slight increase in activity was detected in dry fractions. The results indicate the potential of cloudberry in pharma or health food applications.
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland. Electronic address: Riitta.puupponen-pimia@vtt.fi.
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puupponen-Pimiä
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nohynek
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Juvonen
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuija
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kössö
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Truchado
authors.affiliation: Division of General Microbiology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Benita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Westerlund-Wikström
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leppänen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere, Medisiinarinkatu 3, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Eeva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moilanen
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Kirsi-Marja
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Oksman-Caldentey
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D005285:Fermentation; D044948:Flavonols; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065856:Rubus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013634:Tannins
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D044948:Flavonols; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013634:Tannins; D004610:Ellagic Acid
keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; Antiadhesion activity; Antimicrobial activity; Bioprocessing; Cloudberry; Dry fractionation; Fermentation; Phenolic compounds