title: Effect of whole body vibration training on quadriceps muscle strength in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have reported the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) training on muscle strength. This systematic review investigates the current evidence regarding the effects of WBV training on quadriceps muscle strength in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, PEDro, and Science citation index for research articles published prior to March 2015 using the keywords whole body vibration, vibration training, strength and vibratory exercise in combination with the Medical Subject Heading 'Osteoarthritis knee'.
  
  
  METHODS
  This meta-analysis was limited to randomized controlled trials published in the English language.
  
  
  METHODS
  The quality of the selected studies was assessed by two independent evaluators using the PEDro scale and criteria given by the International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions (ISMNI) for reporting WBV intervention studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration's tool for domain-based evaluation. Isokinetic quadriceps muscle strength was calculated for each intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen studies were identified in the search. Of these, four studies met the inclusion criteria. Three of these four studies reached high methodological quality on the PEDro scale. Out of the four studies, only one study found significantly greater quadriceps muscle strength gains following WBV compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In three of the four studies that compared a control group performing the same exercise as the WBV groups, no additional effect of WBV on quadriceps muscle strength in individuals with knee OA was indicated.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, India. Electronic address: anwer_shahnawazphysio@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Shahnawaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anwer
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alghadir
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Odontology, Clinical Oral Physiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hamayun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research Chair, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Einas
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Al-Eisa
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014732:Vibration / Q000627:therapeutic use*
keywords: Knee; Osteoarthritis; Pain; Strength; Whole body vibration