title: Direct Field Block with 40 ML of 0.125% Bupivacaine in Conjunction with Intrathecal Morphine for Analgesia after Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of direct field block with 40 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine on the top of intrathecal morphine on postoperative pain free period.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present prospective randomized controlled trial was undertaken in 56 pregnant patients that underwent elective cesarean delivery at Siriraj Hospital. All patients were randomized into two groups to receive spinal block with intrathecal morphine as a control group, or direct field block on the top of spinal block with intrathecal morphine as a study group. The assessment ofpain score, 24-hour morphine usage, satisfaction score, pruritus, nausea and vomiting, sedation score, and motor power were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups had similar pain score. The number of subjects who had pain free period during the 24 hours in the direct field block group was seven of 28, while in the control group it was four of 28. Median time of pain free period was 2.10 hours in control group and 2.36 hours in direct field block group. There was no significant difference in 24-hour morphine consumption, satisfaction score, pruritus, nausea, vomiting, and sedation score. Motor power was fully recovered within six hours postoperative in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct field block with 40 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine in conjunction with intrathecal morphine for cesarean section did not increase pain free period or decrease morphine consumption.
authors.forename: Namtip
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Triyasunant
authors.forename: Thitima
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chinachoti
authors.forename: Sirikan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duangburong
mesh_terms: D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine; D002045:Bupivacaine