title: [Sugar content in non-alcoholic beverages and dietary recemmendations for children and adolescents].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increase the intake of sugars among the inhabitants of developed countries is related to, among others, increasing consumption of non-alcoholic beverages, for which the relationship with the epidemic of obesity, particularly among children and adolescents, has been proven. The most frequently cited are non-alcoholic beverages, sweetened glucose-fructose syrup, ie. colas, tonics, ice teas, lemonades. Fruit drinks, fruit juices and nectars are commonly cited as a healthy alternative to non-alcoholic beverages and, however, we do not pay attention to the high content of sugars in these products.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Determine the content of sugars in non-alcohollic beverages popular among children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 non-alcoholic beverages such as cola, tonic, lemonade, ice tea, flavored waters, fruit juices, fruit nectars and fruit drinks. Evaluation of the content of monosaccharides and sucrose was performed by high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the tested non-alcohollic beverages, monosaccharides ie. glucose and fructose and the disaccharide sucrose were detected in different proportions. The product with the lowest content of the total sugars content was flavored water with lemon flavor based on the mineral water (2.72 g/100 ml). In the group of fruit juices, fruit nectars and fruit drinks highest sugars content have been reported (12.94 g/100 ml for aronia nectar and 12.76 g/100ml for the juice of pomegranate and grapes).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant monosaccharides and sucrose content in the tested non-alcohollic beverages tends to claim that their manufacturers should be obliged to place warnings on the labels addressed to patients suffering from disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Educational programs for children and adolescents with diabetes should include information about the content of a large amount of sugars in fruit products: fruit juices, fruit drinks and fruit nectar.
authors.affiliation: Katedra Inżynierii Produkcji Rolno-Spożywczej, Wydział Biologiczno-Rolniczy Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bilek
authors.affiliation: Emerytowany kierownik Kliniki Endokrynologii Dzieci i Młodzieży Uniwersyteckiego Szpitala Dziecięcego w Krakowie, Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rybakowa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011044:Poland; D064167:Recommended Dietary Allowances; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D066248:High Fructose Corn Syrup
keywords: beverages; diabetes mellitus type 2; dietary carbohydrates; nutritional requirements; nutritional value