title: Daily update of motor predictions by physical activity.
abstract: Motor prediction, i.e., the ability to predict the sensory consequences of motor commands, is critical for adapted motor behavior. Like speed or force, the accuracy of motor prediction varies in a 24-hour basis. Although the prevailing view is that basic biological markers regulate this circadian modulation, behavioral factors such as physical activity, itself modulated by the alternation of night and day, can also regulate motor prediction. Here, we propose that physical activity updates motor prediction on a daily basis. We tested our hypothesis by up- and down-regulating physical activity via arm-immobilization and high-intensity training, respectively. Motor prediction was assessed by measuring the timing differences between actual and mental arm movements. Results show that although mental movement time was modulated during the day when the arm was unconstrained, it remained constant when the arm was immobilized. Additionally, increase of physical activity, via release from immobilization or intense bout of training, significantly reduced mental movement time. Finally, mental and actual times were similar in the afternoon in the unconstrained condition, indicating that predicted and actual movements match after sufficient amount of physical activity. Our study supports the view that physical activity calibrates motor predictions on a daily basis.
authors.affiliation: CAPS (Cognition, Action et Plasticité, Sensorimotrice), INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1093, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gueugneau
authors.affiliation: Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9006, USA.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schweighofer
authors.affiliation: CAPS (Cognition, Action et Plasticité, Sensorimotrice), INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1093, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Papaxanthis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D033281:Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*