title: CD99 correlates with low cyclin D1, high topoisomerase 2 status and triple negative molecular phenotype but is prognostically irrelevant in breast carcinoma.
abstract: CD99 is a protein initially described in the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, but growing evidence has shown its expression in other tumors of mesenchymal, hematopoietic and even epithelial origin. Some articles report CD99 in metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, a subtype of breast carcinoma (BC) with pronounced epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) phenotype. Our aim was to analyse the potential relationship between CD99 and selected EMT (vimentin, E-cadherin, Twist) and proliferation markers (Ki-67, c-myc, cyclin D1, topoisomerase 2), molecular subtypes of BC, as well as overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In a group of 122 cases CD99 membrane expression was seen in 14 (11.5%) cases: strong in 11 (9%) and moderate in 3 (2.5%). Expression of CD99 correlated with low cyclin D1 index, high level of topoisomerase 2 expression and lack of progesterone receptor (PR) but not with EMT characteristics. Additionally, strong expression of CD99 correlated with triple negative molecular BC phenotype. CD99 was prognostically irrelevant for OS and PFS. CD99 correlates with selected proliferative markers and low ER/PR receptor status but not with patients' outcome in BC. Further studies are required to explain precisely its role in molecular pathogenesis of BC.
authors.affiliation: Piotr Czapiewski, Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland, tel. +48 58 349 37 42, fax +48 58 349 37 50, e-mail: czapiewskipiotr@gumed.edu.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czapiewski
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wełnicka-Jaśkiewicz
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seroczyńska
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skokowski
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sejda
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szade
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiewiora
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Biernat
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Żaczek
mesh_terms: D000071443:12E7 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000071443:12E7 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; C061828:CD99 protein, human; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II