title: Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in 115 rural and urban communities involving 47 000 people from China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identification and treatment of hypertension in China remain suboptimal despite high prevalence of hypertension and increasing incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study reported blood pressure levels, prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension, in addition to drug treatments in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a country-specific analysis of 45 108 individuals, average age 51.4 (standard deviation 9.6) (35-70) years, enrolled between 2005 and 2009, from 70 rural and 45 urban communities in 12 provinces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 18 915 (41.9% overall population) hypertensive participants, 7866 (41.6%) were aware, 6503 (34.4%) treated but only 1545 (8.2%) controlled. Prevalence of hypertension was higher, but awareness, treatment, and control were lower in rural than urban residents. Prevalence of hypertension was highest in eastern (44.3%), intermediate in central (39.3%), and lowest in western regions (37.0%). Awareness was higher in central (44.3%) and eastern (42.4%) but lower in western regions (37.0%). Similar patterns were observed in treatment rates, 37.7% central, 35.2% eastern, and 26.7% in western regions with control rates of 8.3% in eastern, 7.6% central, and 5.3% west regions. Of 4744 participants receiving documented treatments, 37.5% received traditional combination drugs alone, 55.4% western drugs alone and 7.1% combination of traditional combination drug in addition to western drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In China, hypertension is common, and while recent studies suggest some improvements, more than half of affected individuals were unaware that they had hypertension. Rates of control remain low. National programs effective in preventing and controlling hypertension in China are urgently needed.
authors.affiliation: aState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China bPopulation Health Research Institute, McMaster University-Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada cLaboratory of Human Genetics dBeijing Hypertension League Institute eCenter of Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongqiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Koon K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Teo
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jingang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xingyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Xinye
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xiuwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiaoru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sumathy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rangarajan
authors.forename: Chunming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yusuf
authors.forename: Lisheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal