title: Physics of active jamming during collective cellular motion in a monolayer.
abstract: Although collective cell motion plays an important role, for example during wound healing, embryogenesis, or cancer progression, the fundamental rules governing this motion are still not well understood, in particular at high cell density. We study here the motion of human bronchial epithelial cells within a monolayer, over long times. We observe that, as the monolayer ages, the cells slow down monotonously, while the velocity correlation length first increases as the cells slow down but eventually decreases at the slowest motions. By comparing experiments, analytic model, and detailed particle-based simulations, we shed light on this biological amorphous solidification process, demonstrating that the observed dynamics can be explained as a consequence of the combined maturation and strengthening of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesions. Surprisingly, the increase of cell surface density due to proliferation is only secondary in this process. This analysis is confirmed with two other cell types. The very general relations between the mean cell velocity and velocity correlation lengths, which apply for aggregates of self-propelled particles, as well as motile cells, can possibly be used to discriminate between various parameter changes in vivo, from noninvasive microscopy data.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University - Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Centre National de la recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France; Equipe "Biology-inspired physics at mesoscales" labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France;
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University - Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Centre National de la recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom;
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hannezo
authors.affiliation: Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany;
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elgeti
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University - Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Centre National de la recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France;
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Joanny
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University - Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Centre National de la recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France; Equipe "Biology-inspired physics at mesoscales" labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France; nir.gov@weizmann.ac.il pascal.silberzan@curie.fr.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silberzan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel nir.gov@weizmann.ac.il pascal.silberzan@curie.fr.
authors.forename: Nir S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Gov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement; D002477:Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004285:Dogs; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D017276:Friction; D006801:Humans; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D051379:Mice; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules
keywords: cell−cell adhesion; collective cell migration; dynamic inhomogeneity; glass transition; jamming