title: Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in multiple myeloma: influence on quality of life and development of a questionnaire to compose common toxicity criteria grading for use in daily clinical practice.
abstract: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) may negatively influence multiple myeloma (MM) patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Dose modification is the only way to minimize CIPN. To measure CIPN in daily practice, the Indication for Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC) Grading of Peripheral Neuropathy Questionnaire (ICPNQ) was developed which can be completed within five minutes by the patient. The aims of this study were to (1) perform a psychometric evaluation of the ICPNQ and (2) examine the prevalence of CIPN and its influence on HRQOL in population-based MM patients.
  
  
  
  One hundred fifty-six MM patients, diagnosed between 2000 and 2014, completed the ICPNQ, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 20 (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20), and EORTC QLQ-C30 (65 % response).
  
  
  
  The psychometric analyses showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.84, 0.74, and 0.61 for, respectively, the sensory, motoric, and autonomic subscales of the ICPNQ. Test-retest reliability and construct validity were good for all subscales. Overall, 65 % of patients reported grade 2-3 neuropathy according to the ICPNQ. Patients with the highest CTC grades (grade 2 with neuropathic pain and grade 3 (38 %)) according to the ICPNQ reported significantly worse scores on all EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 subscales compared to patients with lower CTC grades (p ≤ 0.002). In addition, they reported statistically significant and clinically relevant worse HRQOL scores on almost all EORTC QLQ-C30 subscales.
  
  
  
  CIPN is a common side effect in MM patients, which has a negative impact on HRQOL. The ICPNQ is a valid instrument to distinguish the highest CIPN CTC grades from the lower CTC grades necessary to decide on dose modifications of chemotherapy in daily clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, De Run 4600, Veldhoven, PO Box 7777, 5504 DB, the Netherlands. t.beijers@mmc.nl.|Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands. t.beijers@mmc.nl.
authors.forename: A J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Beijers
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, De Run 4600, Veldhoven, PO Box 7777, 5504 DB, the Netherlands.|Department of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vreugdenhil
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands.|CoRPS-Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oerlemans
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eurelings
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Minnema
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Eeltink
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands.|CoRPS-Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: van de Poll-Franse
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands.|CoRPS-Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mols
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy; Health-related quality of life; Indication for CTC Grading of Peripheral Neuropathy Questionnaire; Multiple myeloma; Patient-reported questionnaire; Validation