title: Consequence of dexmedetomidine on emergence delirium following sevoflurane anesthesia in children with cerebral palsy.
abstract: Children with cerebral palsy can demonstrate irritability following emergence from general anaesthesia. As well, an elevated rate of emergence delirium (ED) in children has been associated with the application of sevoflurane. The current study's intent is to administer dexmedetomidine, in a single dosage administration, at the initial phase of sevoflurane based anesthesia with regard to the occurrence and severity of ED in children afflicted with cerebral palsy. Participating in the study (American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II) are eighty children ranging in ages two through twelve years. They would be anaesthetised with sevoflurane based anesthesia while undergoing lower limb surgical procedures. The participants were equally distributed to either Group c or Group D. Group C was administered 10 ml saline 0.9%, and Group D was administered dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg•kg(-1). Five minutes prior to commencement of the surgical procedures, the participants received the prescribed pharmaceutical dosages under the anesthesia of sevoflurane. In order to sustain the BIS values in a range of 45 and 55, at 60 second increments, endtidal sevoflurane concentrations (ETsev) were modified. After conclusion of the surgical procedures, in post anesthesia care unit (PACU), the frequency of ED was gauged with Aonos four point scale and the severity of ED was gauged with pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scale upon admission (T0), after intervals of five minutes (T5), fifteen minutes (T15) and thirty minutes (T30). Extubation time, emergence time and length of at stay at the PACU were assessed. Relative to Group C, participants of Group D exhibited noticeably shortened times of emergence, extubation and PACU duration of stay. Prior to surgical incision, ETsev was elevated in the control group, (1.9±0.2 vs 1.6±0.3; P = 0.023) and amid the initial 20 minutes following the surgical incision (1.6±0.2 vs 1.1±0.2; P = 0.016). At intervals of commencement, T0, of five minutes (T5) and fifteen minutes T15, Group D exhibited lower occurrences and severity of ED than those participants in Group C. Dexmedetomidine, given as a bolus dose post induction, was effective in reducing the occurrence and severity of emergence delirium in children with cerebral palsy who were undergoing lower limb surgical procedures under sevoflurane anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Dao-Lin
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: He-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bi-Lian
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jun-Zheng
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: Dexmedetomidine; cerebral palsy; children; emergence delirium; sevoflurane