title: Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments.
abstract: Increased transcriptional levels of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes play important protective roles in coping with excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. To fully elucidate different evolutions and functions of ROS-scavenging enzymatic genes, we isolated iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) from white clover for the first time and subsequently tested dynamic expression profiles of these genes together with previously identified other antioxidant enzyme genes including copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in response to cold, drought, salinity, cadmium stress and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) or spermidine (Spd) treatment. The cloned fragments of FeSOD, DHAR and MDHAR genes were 630, 471 and 669 bp nucleotide sequences encoding 210, 157 and 223 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both amino acid and nucleotide sequences of these three genes are highly conservative. In addition, the analysis of genes expression showed the transcription of GR, POD, MDHAR, DHAR and Cu/ZnSOD were rapidly activated with relatively high abundance during cold stress. Differently, CAT, APX, FeSOD, Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD exhibited more abundant transcripts compared to others under drought stress. Under salt stress, CAT was induced preferentially (3-12 h) compared to GR which was induced later (12-72 h). Cadmium stress mainly up-regulated Cu/ZnSOD, DHAR and MDHAR. Interestingly, most of genes expression induced by ABA or Spd happened prior to various abiotic stresses. The particular expression patterns and different response time of these genes indicated that white clover differentially activates genes encoding antioxidant enzymes to mitigate the damage of ROS during various environmental stresses.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. zhangyan1111zy@126.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. lizhou1986814@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. pengyanlee@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. wangxiaoj12@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. Diana-Peng@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. 18349237779@163.com.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. 18728153879@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoshuang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. zhangxq@sicau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. maroar@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. huanglinkai@sicau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Linkai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. yanyanhong3588284@126.com.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010802:Phylogeny; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: ROS-scavenging; abiotic stress; expression analysis; white clover (Trifolium repens L.)