title: Nonoperative Management (Including Ultrasound-Guided Injections) of Proximal Biceps Disorders.
abstract: Nonoperative management of conditions of the long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) involves a multifaceted approach, addressing the entire shoulder complex in addition to conditions that involve the LHBT. LHBT pathologic conditions are divided into 3 categories: inflammation, instability and rupture. This article provides an overview of a nonoperative treatment algorithm that addresses these specific categories and includes a review of ultrasound-guided injection techniques used in the diagnosis and management of LHBT disorders.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Center for Sports Health, 5555 Transportation Boulevard, Garfield Heights, OH 44125, USA. Electronic address: schickm@ccf.org.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schickendantz
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Center for Sports Health, 5555 Transportation Boulevard, Garfield Heights, OH 44125, USA.
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001182:Arthroscopy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D012421:Rupture; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000209:etiology; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013710:Tendons / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
keywords: Inflammation; Instability; Long head of biceps tendon; Rupture; Ultrasound guidance