title: Drug-induced sleep-endoscopy in children's sleep related breathing disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug-induced sedation endoscopy is a valid tool to assess site obstruction of the upper airway responsible for children's obstructive Sleep Apnea The aim is to show the experience of an ENT department with Drug-induced sedation endoscopy in children selected for sleep apnea surgery
  
  
  METHODS
  Includes 56 cases between 2 and 12 years old (mean age: 59,13±27,29 months) presenting at the Otorhinolaryngology consultation clinic with snoring and apnea. Prior polysomnography had been practiced and mean AHI was 6,32±8,71. The distribution of cases was 10 persistent sleep apnea (17.85%), 15 clinical disproportion (26.78%) and 31 conventional (55.35%). All sleep endoscopies were performed in the operating room and Chan classification was used to assess the areas of collapse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cases of residual disease the most affected regions were the side walls of the oropharynx (70%) and turbinate (70%) and the most frequently applied surgery was total tonsillectomy followed by second tongue tonsil reduction and turbinate radiofrequency. In clinical cases of desproportion, the most affected regions were the oropharyngeal side walls (93.3%) and adenoids (66.6%). The most frequently applied surgery in this group was adenoidectomy and radiofrequency tonsillotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drug-induced sedation endoscopy is a technique that can be incorporated easily into medical practice, mostly in children with residual sleep apnea syndrome or those suspected to have some cause other than adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital General de Catalunya y Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: eesteller@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esteller
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología, Hospital General de Catalunya , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Demetrio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mulas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología, Hospital General de Catalunya , Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haspert
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital General de Catalunya y Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Eusebi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matiñó
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital General de Catalunya y Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioestadística, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girabent-Farrés
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy; D000234:Adenoids / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D056805:Consciousness Monitors; D054810:Deep Sedation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014068:Tonsillectomy; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D008874:Midazolam
keywords: Adenoamigdalectomía; Adenotonsillectomy; Apnea del sueño infantil; Apnea del sueño residual; Children obstructive sleep apnea; Drug-induced sedation endoscopy; Persistent children's sleep apnea; Videoendoscopia con sueño inducido