title: Auditory Effects of Multiple Impulses from a Seismic Air Gun on Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus).
abstract: Auditory thresholds were measured in three bottlenose dolphins before and after exposure to ten impulses from a seismic air gun. Thresholds were measured using behavioral and electrophysiological methods to determine the amount of temporary threshold shift induced. The results suggest that the potential for seismic surveys using air guns to cause auditory effects on dolphins may be lower than previously predicted; however, two of the three dolphins exhibited "anticipatory" behavioral changes at the highest exposure condition that suggested they were attempting to mitigate the effects of the exposures.
authors.affiliation: Exelis, Inc., 3276 Rosecrans Street, 1st Floor, San Diego, CA, 92110, USA. carolyn.melka@exelisinc.com.
authors.forename: Carolyn E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Schlundt
authors.affiliation: Space and Naval Warfare Systems (SPAWAR) Center (SSC) Pacific, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA. james.finneran@navy.mil.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Finneran
authors.affiliation: National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA. brian.branstetter@nmmpfoundation.org.
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Branstetter
authors.affiliation: G2 Software Systems, Inc., San Diego, CA, 92110, USA. trickeyj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Trickey
authors.affiliation: National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA. victoria.bowman@nmmpfoundation.org.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.affiliation: Space and Naval Warfare Systems (SPAWAR) Center (SSC) Pacific, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA. keith.jenkins@navy.mil.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D050681:Bottle-Nosed Dolphin / Q000502:physiology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D008297:Male
keywords: Hearing; Noise; Temporary threshold shift