title: A novel method to determine residual detergent in biological samples post endotoxin reduction treatment and evaluation of strategies for subsequent detergent removal.
abstract: Endotoxin removal using detergent washes and extractions are well-established, efficient, and cost-effective methods; however, removing residual detergent post treatment has been shown to be a challenge. In this communication, we show a simple and fast method for determining the detergent concentration in a protein solution post treatment and highlight strategies for detergent removal to achieve levels below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the minimum concentration at which detergent micelles form.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address: anne.london@novartis.com.
authors.forename: Anne Serdakowski
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: London
authors.affiliation: Novartis Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Chietara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Japutra
authors.affiliation: Novartis Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Planck
authors.affiliation: Novartis Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lihon
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew Anh
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D003412:Cricetulus; D003902:Detergents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008722:Methods; D008823:Micelles; D017830:Octoxynol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D004731:Endotoxins; D008823:Micelles; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012996:Solutions; D017830:Octoxynol
keywords: Detergent; Endotoxin; Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test; Protein purification; Two phase micellar system