title: Clinical observation of antibiotics in preventing nosocomial infection in premature infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the possibility of lower the nosocomial infection rate among the premature infants by prophylactic use of antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospectively collect 409 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of First Hospital of Jilin University between 1st January in 2009 and 31th December in 2011, who meet inclusion criteria. There were prohylactic group and nonprohylactic group randomly divided and compared the nosocomial infection rates of two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hospital infection rate of the prophylactic group was 62.9%, and the rate of the non-prophylactic group was 47.3%. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). On the countrary, the prophylactic use of antibiotics could increase the incidence of the nosocomial infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It does more harm than good that proghylactic use of antibiotics to prevent premature nosocomial infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Jiaxiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Xuehua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Chaoying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
keywords: Antibiotics; nosocomial infection; premature; prophylactic