title: Evaluation of Anti-diarrheal Potential of Hydro-alcoholic Extracts of Leaves of Murraya koenigii in Experimental Animals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The indigenous medical system of India mentions the use of Murraya koenigii leaves for the treatment of different types of diarrheas over ages.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anti-diarrheal activity of hydro-alcoholic extracts of leaves of Murraya koenigii and to check its effects on intestinal transits in experimental rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The hydro-alcoholic extract of Murraya koenigii leaves was obtained with Soxhlet extraction method. Animals were divided into four groups (n = 6) receiving daily for three consecutive days: vehicle, standard drug atropine (3mg/kg, i.p.), leaf extracts 200 & 400 mg/kg respectively in oral route. Effects of the drugs on normal defecation were noted and then castor oil induced diarrhea was used to measure the effects of leaf extract on stool frequency and consistency. Finally, charcoal meal test was used to evaluate the effect of the extract on intestinal transit. Statistical evaluation was done using SPSS version 17, one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's t-test was done and P< 0.001 was considered as significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Murraya koenigii leaf extracts in 200 and 400 mg/kg dose reduced stool frequency, increased stool consistency and increased small intestinal transit time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydro-alcoholic extract of Murraya koenigii leaves possesses significant anti-diarrheal activity due to its inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal motility, making it useful for a wide number of gastrointestinal diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy , Namakkal , Tamil Nadu , India.
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College , Vellore , Tamil Nadu , India.
authors.forename: Saibal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: c Faculty of Pharmacy, Brain Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi MARA , Selangor , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Vasudevan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pharmacology, Nandha College of Pharmacy , Erode , Tamil Nadu , India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sengottuvelu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy , Namakkal , Tamil Nadu , India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vinoth Prabhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002368:Castor Oil; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D032101:Murraya / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000930:Antidiarrheals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002368:Castor Oil
keywords: Murraya koenigii; anti-diarrheal activity; castor oil induced diarrhea; hydro-alcoholic extracts; intestinal motility