title: Expression of cystatin C and its effect on EC9706 cells in esophageal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of cystatin C gene and its effect on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasiveness of EC9706 cells in esophageal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  56 cases of esophageal carcinoma were randomly collected from our hospital. Samples of human esophageal carcinomas and matched normal esophageal mucosal epithelium were selected by resection operation from these patients. Expression of cathepsin B and cystatin C in these specimens were determined by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Next, lentiviral vectors of over-expression and interference for cystatin C gene were constructed, and both were transfected into EC9706 cells, and then the levels of cystatin C mRNA and protein were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The effect of over and low-expressed cystatin C on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasiveness of esophageal carcinoma cells were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with normal esophageal epithelial tissues, mRNA and protein levels of cathepsin B and cystatin C in esophageal carcinoma tissues were significantly increased (P<0.05). Lentiviral vectors of over-expression and interference for cystatin C gene were successfully transfected into EC9706 cells. Over or low-expression cystatin C had no effect on EC9706 cells proliferation but had a reverse relationship with the apoptosis. However, cystatin C over-expression significantly decreased tumor invasiveness (P<0.05) while the invasiveness of EC9706 cells was significantly enhanced by RNAi-mediated abrogation of cystatin C gene expression (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over-expressed cystatin C could inhibit the invasiveness of esophageal carcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xinfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Qingxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002401:Cathepsin B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics*; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C; D002401:Cathepsin B
keywords: Cathepsin B; apoptosis; cystatin C; esophageal carcinoma; invasiveness; proliferation