title: Local anaesthesia and conscious sedation for cochlear implantation: experience with 20 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cochlear implantation is mostly performed under general anaesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate cochlear implantation performed under local anaesthesia and sedation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients had a cochlear implant fitted under combined local anaesthesia (local anaesthesia group) and 41 patients had one fitted under general anaesthesia (general anaesthesia group) for bilateral profound hearing loss, from 2011 to 2014. Surgical duration, period of post-operative hospitalisation and early post-operative symptoms were compared. In the local anaesthesia group, operative symptoms reported during the surgery and by questionnaire were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean surgical duration was significantly shorter in the local anaesthesia group: 87 versus 122 minutes (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed between the local anaesthesia and general anaesthesia groups regarding mean post-operative hospitalisation and early post-operative symptoms. Under local anaesthesia, patients had no particular symptoms in 60 per cent of cases. The remaining patients in this group experienced vertigo (10 per cent), pain (20 per cent) and pain-related movement (10 per cent) during the intervention. These symptoms can be controlled with symptomatic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined local anaesthesia for cochlear implantation is a good alternative to general anaesthesia for co-operating patients.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department,University Hospital Center of Tours,France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pateron
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department,University Hospital Center of Tours,France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bakhos
authors.affiliation: Medical Information, Epidemiology and Health Economy Department,University Hospital Center of Tours,France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: LeLouarn
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department,University Hospital Center of Nantes,France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bordure
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department,University Hospital Center of Dijon,France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bozorg Grayeli
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department,University Hospital Center of Rennes,France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Godey
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department,University Hospital Center of Tours,France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lescanne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia; Cochlear Implantation; Comorbidities; Conscious Sedation; Hearing Loss; Local