title: Occurrence, distribution and seasonal variation of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in urban surface water in Beijing, China.
abstract: The occurrence, spatial distribution and seasonal variation of 14 organophosphate esters (OPEs) were investigated in urban surface water (river and lake water) from July 2013 to June 2014 in Beijing, China. Sewage influent and effluent samples, as well as rainwater and road runoff samples were also analyzed as the potential sources of OPEs in surface water. Tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were the most abundant OPEs with the average concentrations of 291 ng L(-1) and 219 ng L(-1), respectively. Relatively high concentrations of OPEs were detected in rivers located at southern and eastern urban of Beijing, which was probably attributed to the treated and untreated sewage discharge. Besides, higher levels of OPEs were observed in urban surface water in the summer, and the wet deposition (rainfall) was confirmed to be an important factor for this observation. Risk assessment showed low or medium risk of OPEs for the organisms (algae, crustacean and fish).
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Civil and Environment Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Civil and Environment Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Civil and Environment Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Jiemin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China. Electronic address: caiyaqi@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yaqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000068476:Beijing; D002681:China; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000032:analysis*; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D010755:Organophosphates; D010968:Plasticizers; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C012085:tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate
keywords: Occurrence; Organophosphate esters (OPEs); Risk assessment; Spatial distribution and seasonal variation; Surface water