title: A NEW SEMI-EMPIRICAL AMBIENT TO EFFECTIVE DOSE CONVERSION MODEL FOR THE PREDICTIVE CODE FOR AIRCREW RADIATION EXPOSURE (PCAIRE).
abstract: The Predictive Code for Aircrew Radiation Exposure (PCAIRE) is a semi-empirical code that estimates both ambient dose equivalent, based on years of on-board measurements, and effective dose to aircrew. Currently, PCAIRE estimates effective dose by converting the ambient dose equivalent to effective dose (E/H) using a model that is based on radiation transport calculations and on the radiation weighting factors recommended in International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 60. In this study, a new semi-empirical E/H model is proposed to replace the existing transport calculation models. The new model is based on flight data measured using a tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC). The measured flight TEPC data are separated into a low- and a high-lineal-energy spectrum using an amplitude-weighted137Cs TEPC spectrum. The high-lineal-energy spectrum is determined by subtracting the low-lineal-energy spectrum from the measured flight TEPC spectrum. With knowledge of E/H for the low- and high-lineal-energy spectra, the total E/H is estimated for a given flight altitude and geographic location. The semi-empirical E/H model also uses new radiation weighting factors to align the model with the most recent ICRP 103 recommendations. The ICRP 103-based semi-empirical effective dose model predicts that there is a ∼30 % reduction in dose in comparison with the ICRP 60-based model. Furthermore, the ambient dose equivalent is now a more conservative dose estimate for jet aircraft altitudes in the range of 7-13 km (FL230-430). This new semi-empirical E/H model is validated against E/H predicted from a Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code simulation of cosmic ray propagation through the Earth's atmosphere. Its implementation allows PCAIRE to provide an accurate semi-empirical estimate of the effective dose.
authors.affiliation: PCAIRE, Inc., 38 Colonnade Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada dumouchel@i-s-r.ca.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dumouchel
authors.affiliation: PCAIRE, Inc., 38 Colonnade Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCall
authors.affiliation: PCAIRE, Inc., 38 Colonnade Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lemay
authors.affiliation: Royal Military College, Kingston, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: PCAIRE, Inc., 38 Colonnade Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bean
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D019445:Solar Activity