title: Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophages Against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Causing Bacterial Canker Disease in Kiwifruit.
abstract: Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae causes bacterial canker disease in kiwifruit. Owing to the prohibition of agricultural antibiotic use in major kiwifruit-cultivating countries, alternative methods need to be developed to manage this disease. Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect target bacteria and have recently been reconsidered as potential biological control agents for bacterial pathogens owing to their specificity in terms of host range. In this study, we isolated bacteriophages against P. syringae pv. actinidiae from soils collected from kiwifruit orchards in Korea and selected seven bacteriophages for further characterization based on restriction enzyme digestion patterns of genomic DNA. Among the studied bacteriophages, two belong to the Myoviridae family and three belong to the Podoviridae family, based on morphology observed by transmission electron microscopy. The host range of the selected bacteriophages was confirmed using 18 strains of P. syringae pv. actinidiae, including the Psa2 and Psa3 groups, and some were also effective against other P. syringae pathovars. Lytic activity of the selected bacteriophages was sustained in vitro until 80 h, and their activity remained stable up to 50°C, at pH 11, and under UV-B light. These results indicate that the isolated bacteriophages are specific to P. syringae species and are resistant to various environmental factors, implying their potential use in control of bacterial canker disease in kiwifruits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Gang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbial Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Rim
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16429, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunggi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gyoung Hee
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D029042:Actinidia / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D001433:Bacteriolysis; D061046:Biological Control Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005638:Fruit / Q000382:microbiology; D058507:Host Specificity; D017900:Myoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D017902:Podoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017105:Pseudomonas Phages / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000821:virology*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D061046:Biological Control Agents
keywords: Psa; biocontrol agents; host range; phage therapy; specificity