title: The Proper Use of Neurostimulation for Hand Pain.
abstract: Upper extremity neuropathic pain states greatly impact patient functionality and quality of life, despite appropriate surgical intervention. This article focuses on the advanced therapies that may improve pain care, including advanced treatment strategies that are available. The article also surveys therapies on the immediate horizon, such as spinal cord stimulation, peripheral nerve stimulation, and dorsal root ganglion spinal cord stimulation. As these therapies evolve, so too will their placement within the pain care algorithm grounded by a foundation of evidence to improve patient safety and management of patients with difficult neuropathic pain.
authors.affiliation: Summit Pain Alliance, 392 Tesconi Court, Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA. Electronic address: popeje@me.com.
authors.forename: Jason E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.affiliation: Pain Diagnostics and Interventional Care, Sewickley, PA 15143, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Provenzano
authors.affiliation: Holy Cross Hospital, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33308, USA.
authors.forename: Porter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McRoberts
authors.affiliation: Center for Pain Relief, Charleston, WV 25304, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deer
mesh_terms: D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006225:Hand / Q000294:innervation* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D062187:Spinal Cord Stimulation; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
keywords: CRPS; Dorsal root ganglion; Dorsal root ganglion stimulation; Hand pain; Neuropathic pain; Peripheral nerve stimulation; Spinal cord stimulation