title: Prevalence of hypothyroidism in a cohort of Saudi women with heart failure and effect on systolic and diastolic function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in a cohort of Saudi women with heart failure; to define the demographic variables associated with heart failure; and the impact of hypothyroidism on systolic function in relation to non-hypothyroidism group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and comprised all women diagnosed with heart failure who were seen in the Cardiology outpatients clinic between February 2010 and March 2013. All of them were subjected to complete medical history and clinical examination, including complete cardiac clinical examination, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, blood pressure reading as well as thyroid examination. Laboratory tests were performed for thyroid stimulating hormone, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 111 patients, 37 (33.3%) had hypothyroidism (p<0.001), and 16(14.4%) of them showed subclinical hypothyroidism. The mean value for thyroid stimulating hormone was 4.79+/-4.98U/L. There was a significant negative correlation between thyroid stimulating hormone and ejection fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was close relation between hypothyroidism and heart failure. Further large-scale studies are recommended for early detection of hypothyroidism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: AlGhalayini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013972:Thyrotropin
keywords: Congestive heart failure, Diastolic function, Ejection fraction, Hypothyroidism, Systolic function, Thyroid stimulating hormone, Women.