title: Degradation and inactivation of adenovirus in water by photo-electro-oxidation.
abstract: The present study analyzed the efficiency of the photo-electro-oxidation process as a method for degradation and inactivation of adenovirus in water. The experimental design employed a solution prepared from sterile water containing 5.107 genomic copies/L (gc/L) of a standard strain of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) divided into two equal parts, one to serve as control and one treated by photo-electro-oxidation (PEO) for 3 hours and with a 5A current. Samples collected throughout the exposure process were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for viral genome identification and quantitation. Prior to gene extraction, a parallel DNAse treatment step was carried out to assess the integrity of viral particles. Integrated cell culture (ICC) analyses assessed the viability of infection in a cell culture. The tested process proved effective for viral degradation, with a 7 log10 reduction in viral load after 60 minutes of treatment. The DNAse-treated samples exhibited complete reduction of viral load after a 75 minute exposure to the process, and ICC analyses showed completely non-viable viral particles at 30 minutes of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Staggemeier
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Klauck
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Environmental Quality, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: M A S
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Spilki
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010782:Photolysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D038301:Virus Inactivation; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*