title: Nine years without a new FDA-approved therapy for MDS: how can we break through the impasse?
abstract: The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a heterogeneous collection of clonal hematopoietic malignancies that compromise a large subgroup of the myeloid neoplasms and collectively are the most common acquired adult bone marrow failure syndromes. Currently, only 3 agents are approved for the treatment of MDS by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA): azacitidine, decitabine, and lenalidomide. The latter drug, approved in 2006, is the most recent agent approved by the FDA for MDS and there has been mediocre success with novel agents for the past 9 years. The heterogeneity of MDS as a disease group is likely to be a strong contributor to this slow progress but recent developments in molecular characterization of MDS are improving diagnostic accuracy, providing insights into pathogenesis and refining our prognostic ability in the field. With the advent of these developments, appropriately chosen therapeutics or even targeted agents may be able to improve patient outcomes in the future.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematologic Malignancies, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: DeZern
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D000077209:Decitabine; D017277:Drug Approval; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008745:Methylation; D009154:Mutation; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D013792:Thalidomide; D000077209:Decitabine; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D001374:Azacitidine