title: High-Density Lipoprotein Processing and Premature Cardiovascular Disease.
abstract: High plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) are a well-accepted risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the statin class of hypolipidemic drugs has emerged as an effective means of lowering LDL-C and reducing CVD risk. In contrast, the role of plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in protection against atherosclerotic vascular disease is the subject of considerable controversy. Although the inverse correlation between plasma HDL-C and CVD is widely acknowledged, reduction of CVD risk by interventions that increase HDL-C have not been uniformly successful. Several studies of large populations have shown that the first step in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), the transfer of cholesterol from the subendothelial space of the arterial wall via the plasma compartment to the liver for disposal, is impaired in patients with CVD. Here we review HDL function, the mechanisms by which HDL supports RCT, and the role of RCT in preventing CVD.
authors.affiliation: Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosales
authors.affiliation: Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Baiba K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Gillard
authors.affiliation: Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas ; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Antonio M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gotto
authors.affiliation: Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas ; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Henry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Pownall
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001692:Biological Transport; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL
keywords: HDL-C; LDL-C; cardiovascular disease; macrophage cholesterol efflux; metabolic syndrome; reverse cholesterol transport