title: Double Stent Insertion for Combined Malignant Airway and Esophageal Stenoses: Feasibility, Safety, and Long-Term Outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined the feasibility, safety, and long-term outcome of double stent insertion in management of combined malignant airway and esophageal stenoses (CAES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 2005 and May 2014, 11 consecutive patients (9 males and 2 females), 56-78 years of age (mean, 63.4 ± 6.1 years), with CAES who underwent double stent insertion (airway and esophageal stents) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Data regarding the technical success, clinical success, and long-term outcome were collected and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Airway and esophageal stents were successfully inserted in all patients. The interval between insertion of the two stents was 0-42 days (mean, 13.2 ± 14.2 days). No procedure-related complication occurred. Relief of dyspnea and dysphagia was achieved in all patients. The mean Hugh-Jones grade improved from 4.5 ± 0.7 before airway stent insertion to 1.5 ± 0.5 after airway stent insertion (P < .001). The mean dysphagia grade improved from 3.5 ± 0.5 before esophageal stent insertion to 1.3 ± 0.5 after esophageal stent insertion (P < .001). Stent-related complications included restenosis of the airway stent (n = 2) and mild migration of the esophageal stent (n = 2). There was no occurrence of airway-esophageal fistula after treatment. The mean survival of the 11 patients after double stent insertion was 105.5 ± 18.5 days. The cumulative 3- and 6-month survival rates after double stent insertion were 54.5% and 9.1%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Double stent insertion is an easy, safe, and effective method in palliative treatment for patients with CAES.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China .
authors.forename: Yu-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China .
authors.forename: Lu-Lu
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China .
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China .
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000069322:Self Expandable Metallic Stents; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome