title: Local anesthetic thoracoscopy for the diagnosis of metastatic pleural melanoma originated from oral malignant melanoma: case report and comments.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is an aggressive tumor with very low survival rate and easy to metastasize. Pleural metastatic melanoma via primary OMM is rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this report, we presented a case of metastatic malignant melanoma of the pleura originated from OMM. A 54-year-old man without primary skin lesion was diagnosed multiple nodular shadows, pleural invasion, and pleural effusion by chest computed tomography (CT). One cyst-form tumor on the tongue base was observed by bronchoscopy, which was diagnosed as OMM by pathological examination and then was resected. After getting the tumor tissues from the pleura by pleural biopsy surgery, the diagnosis of pathological examination was pleural metastatic melanoma. Furthermore, tumor cells displayed a positive immunoreaction for melanocytic markers S100 and HMB-45 combining with positive vimentin and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. The patient was therefore diagnosed with metastatic melanoma of the left pleura and the primary melanoma was OMM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to this case, we could draw the conclusion that pleural metastasis from OMM was very rare and thoracoscopy preceded under local anesthesia is an important method for its accurate diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China. ezxybj@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Bingjun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063001, Hebei, People's Republic of China. liqingzhao_6@163.com.
authors.forename: Qingzhao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China. zhaohui8855@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Office of Clinical Drug Trial Institution, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, People's Republic of China. 1047893820@qq.com.
authors.forename: Huibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China. changttao@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medicine Centre, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China. chunyangjiang@126.com.
authors.forename: Chunyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D013906:Thoracoscopy