title: Hepatic applications of endoscopic ultrasound: Current status and future directions.
abstract: The diagnosis and staging of various gastrointestinal malignancies have been made possible with the use of endoscopic ultrasound, which is a relatively safe procedure. The field of endoscopic ultrasound is fast expanding due to advancements in therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound. Though various studies have established its role in gastrointestinal malignancies and pancreatic conditions, its potential in the field of hepatic lesions still remains vastly untapped. In this paper the authors attempt to review important and landmark trials, case series and case studies involving hepatic applications of endoscopic ultrasound, thus not only providing an overview of utilization of endoscopic ultrasound in various liver conditions but also speculating its future role.
authors.affiliation: Indu Srinivasan, Shou-Jiang Tang, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
authors.forename: Indu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.affiliation: Indu Srinivasan, Shou-Jiang Tang, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
authors.forename: Shou-Jiang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Indu Srinivasan, Shou-Jiang Tang, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
authors.forename: Andreas S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Vilmann
authors.affiliation: Indu Srinivasan, Shou-Jiang Tang, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Menachery
authors.affiliation: Indu Srinivasan, Shou-Jiang Tang, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vilmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019160:Endosonography; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Drainage; Endoscopic ultrasound; Intrahepatic lesion; Liver