title: SUMOylation of Syntaxin1A regulates presynaptic endocytosis.
abstract: Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic terminal is under very precise spatial and temporal control. Following neurotransmitter release, synaptic vesicles are recycled by endocytosis and refilled with neurotransmitter. During the exocytosis event leading to release, SNARE proteins provide most of the mechanical force for membrane fusion. Here, we show one of these proteins, Syntaxin1A, is SUMOylated near its C-terminal transmembrane domain in an activity-dependent manner. Preventing SUMOylation of Syntaxin1A reduces its interaction with other SNARE proteins and disrupts the balance of synaptic vesicle endo/exocytosis, resulting in an increase in endocytosis. These results indicate that SUMOylation regulates the emerging role of Syntaxin1A in vesicle endocytosis, which in turn, modulates neurotransmitter release and synaptic function.
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, U.K.
authors.forename: Tim J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, U.K.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, U.K.
authors.forename: Ashley J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, U.K.
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Girach
authors.affiliation: School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, U.K.
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Henley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000235:genetics; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000235:genetics; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000235:genetics; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D058207:Sumoylation; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000235:genetics*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050827:Syntaxin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D050827:Syntaxin 1