title: Responsive Direct Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy.
abstract: Closed-loop, responsive focal brain stimulation provides a new treatment option for patients with refractory partial onset seizures who are not good candidates for potentially curative epilepsy surgery. The first responsive brain neurostimulator (RNS® System, NeuroPace), provides stimulation directly to the seizure focus when abnormal electrocorticographic is detected. Seizure reductions of 44% at one year increase to 60 to 66% at years 3 to 6 of treatment. There is no negative impact on cognition and mood. Risks are similar to other implanted medical devices and therapeutic stimulation is not perceived.
authors.affiliation: NeuroPace, Inc, 455 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: mmorrell@neuropace.com.
authors.forename: Martha J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Morrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive A301, MC 5325, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Casey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D058542:Implantable Neurostimulators; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Closed-loop; Electrocorticogram; Epilepsy; Intracranial; Intractable; Neurostimulator; Responsive; Stimulation