title: Bioaccumulation of perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates and polychlorinated biphenyls in laboratory-cultured Hexagenia spp., Lumbriculus variegatus and Pimephales promelas from field-collected sediments.
abstract: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates (PFASs) are persistent pollutants in sediment that can potentially bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. The current study investigates variation in the accumulation of PCBs and PFASs in laboratory-cultured Hexagenia spp., Lumbriculus variegatus and Pimephales promelas from contaminated field-collected sediment using 28-day tests. BSAF(lipid) (lipid-normalized biota-sediment accumulation factor) values for total concentration of PCBs were greater in Hexagenia spp. relative to L. variegatus and P. promelas. The distribution of congeners contributing to the total concentration of PCBs in tissue varied among the three species. Trichlorobiphenyl congeners composed the greatest proportion of the total concentration of PCBs in L. variegatus while tetra- and pentabiphenyl congeners dominated in Hexagenia spp. and P. promelas. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was present in all three species at concentrations greater than all other PFASs analyzed. Hexagenia spp. also produced the greatest BSAF(lipid) and BSAF(ww) (non-lipid-normalized biota-sediment accumulation factor) values for PFOS relative to the other two species. However, this was not the case for all PFASs. The trend of BSAF values and number of carbon atoms in the perfluoroalkyl chain of perfluorinated carboxylates varied among the three species but was similar for perfluorinated sulfonates. Differences in the dominant pathways of exposure (e.g., water, sediment ingestion) likely explain a large proportion of the variation in accumulation observed across the three species.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: prosserr@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Prosser
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Toxicology Unit, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahon
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sibley
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Toxicology Unit, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Toxicology Unit, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watson-Leung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000378:metabolism; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D007313:Insecta / Q000378:metabolism; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000378:metabolism; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Aquatic invertebrates; Bioaccumulation; PFASs; PFOS; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Sediment