title: Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression on lymph node metastasis in human cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in human cholangiocarcinoma tissues and its role in metastasisin vitro. A total of 65 biopsy samples of cholangiocarcinoma, plus the FRH-0201 cell line, were investigated. The expression of VEGF-C in the human cholangiocarcinoma specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effect of VEGF-C on tumor cell migration and proliferation was measured by MTT and Transwell assays in the FRH-0201 cell line. According to the IHC results, the biopsies of human cholangiocarcinoma were stained positively for VEGF-C, with a positive rate of 75.4% (49/65). Moreover, VEGF-C was expressed at a higher level in the patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis.In vitro, VEGF-C exhibited marked growth stimulation below the concentration of 5 ng/ml and was able to promote cholangiocarcinoma cell migration significantly. These findings suggested that VEGF-C may be a useful factor to predict lymph node metastasis in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and indicates that VEGF-C plays a significant role in proliferation and migration in cholangiocarcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiayong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: cholangiocarcinoma; immunohistochemistry; metastasis; proliferation; vascular endothelial growth factor-C