title: Establishment of a new pull-out strength testing method to quantify early osseointegration-An experimental pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The animal study aims to evaluate a new experimental model for measuring sole the influence of the surface characteristics independent from implant macro-design on the level of osseointegration by registering the pull-out strength needed for removal of experimental devices with different surfaces from artificial defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two test bodies (36 with the FRIADENT(®) plus surface, 36 with the P15/HAp biofunctionalized surface) were inserted in six adult domestic pigs with artificial calvarial defects. The experimental devices were designed to fit in the defects leaving a gap between the test body and the local bone. After 21 days of healing, the animals were sacrificed and the test bodies were pulled out with a standardised reproducible pull-out device measuring the pull-out strength. The pull-out strength for both groups was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one days after insertion a mean force of 412 ± 142 N for the P15/HAp group and 183 ± 105 N for the FRIADENT(®) plus group was measured for the removal of the specimens from the calvarial bone. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experimental set-up seems to be a suitable method when measuring the impact of implant surfaces on the early stage of osseointegration.
authors.affiliation: DENTSPLY Implants Manufacturing GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nonhoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen, Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Electronic address: Tobias.Moest@uk-erlangen.de.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moest
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen, Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian Martin
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.affiliation: DENTSPLY Implants Manufacturing GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weisel
authors.affiliation: DENTSPLY Implants Manufacturing GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen, Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schlegel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001842:Bone and Bones; D015921:Dental Implants; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D014025:Titanium; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Dental implant; Experimental animal model; Osseointegration