title: The Modified-Fetzer Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness and Spirituality: Examination of Construct Validity in Older Black Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sociocultural explanatory frameworks are increasingly being considered to address causes of health disparities, and attention has been focused on religion among Black Americans and its subsequent influence on health. The purpose of this study was to examine a multidimensional measure of religiousness and spirituality (Modified-Fetzer Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness and Spirituality [M-FMMRS]) in a sample of Black older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  The M-FMMRS was administered to 130 study participants, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings did not support the hypothesized factor structure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the M-FMMRS is a reliable survey, but the validity needs to be further addressed. Historical documentation, review of data, and participant feedback are used to examine findings.
authors.affiliation: University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mokel
authors.forename: Juliette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shellman
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D029181:Spirituality