title: Uremic parkinsonism with atypical phenotypes and radiologic features.
abstract: Uremic encephalopathy with bilateral basal ganglia lesions has been reported as an acute neurometabolic disease which shows reversible clinical course and brain imaging features. The exact nature and pathophysiology have not been well established. We encountered two patients who showed a relapsing and aggravating course and an atypical phenotype including parkinsonism with paroxysmal dystonic head tremor and acute onset monoparesis of the lower extremity. They also showed unusual radiological findings which revealed combined lesions in the basal ganglia and cortex, persistent hemorrhagic transformation, and focal ischemic lesion in the internal capsule. Herein, we present the unusual phenomenology with atypical radiologic findings and suggest the possible multifactorial pathogenesis of uremic encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59, Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-887, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59, Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-887, Republic of Korea. jisunkim@schmc.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ji Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59, Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-887, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Bok
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59, Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-887, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hakjae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,, South Korea.|Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Whan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59, Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-887, Republic of Korea. neuron@schmc.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Moo-young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012008:Recurrence
keywords: Acute parkinsonism; Basal ganglia; Diabetes mellitus; Uremia