title: Management of the Eye in Facial Paralysis.
abstract: The preoperative assessment of the eye in facial paralysis is a critical component of surgical management. The degree of facial nerve paralysis, lacrimal secretion, corneal sensation, and lower eyelid position must be assessed accurately. Upper eyelid loading procedures are standard management of lagophthalmos. Lower eyelid tightening repositions the lower eyelid and helps maintain the aqueous tear film. Eyelid reanimation allows an aesthetic symmetry with blinking and restores protective functions vital to ocular preservation. Patients often have multiple nervous deficits, including corneal anesthesia. Other procedures include tarsorrhaphy, spring implantation, and temporalis muscle transposition; associated complications have rendered them nearly obsolete.
authors.affiliation: Division of Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University Facial Plastic Surgery Center, Washington University in St Louis-School of Medicine, 1020 North Mason Road, Medical Building 3, Suite 205, St Louis, MO 63141, USA. Electronic address: JChi@wustl.edu.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chi
mesh_terms: D005143:Eyelids / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005158:Facial Paralysis; D006801:Humans; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Ectropion; Eyelid reanimation; Facial palsy; Facial paralysis; Lagophthalmos; Lower eyelid tightening; Upper eyelid loading; Upper eyelid weight