title: Gender moderates the effect of exercise on anxiety sensitivity.
abstract: A moderate to vigorous intensity exercise program is emerging as a promising strategy for reducing anxiety sensitivity (AS). Initial evidence suggests that the effects of exercise on mental health outcomes may vary as a function of gender, with men benefitting more than women. Building upon this evidence, the present study tested the hypothesis that the effect of exercise on AS would vary as a function of gender, such that the effect would be stronger for men than for women. We tested this hypothesis using the data from a published study (Smits, Berry, Rosenfield, et al., 2008). In this study, participants (N= 60) with elevated levels of AS were randomly assigned to a two-week exercise intervention [EX] or a waitlist control condition [WL]. Results revealed that males showed significantly greaterinitialAS reductions relative to females (following 1 week of exercise). However, these gender differences were no longer evident at the end of the intervention. Possible mechanisms for the observed findings and directions for future research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Johnna L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, USA.
authors.forename: Lindsey B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: DeBoer
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rosenfield
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Mark B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Boston University, USA.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Jasper A J
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smits
keywords: Anxiety; Anxiety sensitivity; Exercise; Gender differences; Treatment moderators; Treatment outcome