title: Development and Validation of Osteoporosis Risk-Assessment Model for Korean Men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to develop an osteoporosis risk-assessment model to identify high-risk individuals among Korean men.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used data from 1340 and 1110 men ≥50 years who participated in the 2009 and 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, respectively, for development and validation of an osteoporosis risk-assessment model. Osteoporosis was defined as T score ≤-2.5 at either the femoral neck or lumbar spine. Performance of the candidate models and the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asian (OSTA) was compared with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). A net reclassification improvement was further calculated to compare the developed Korean Osteoporosis Risk-Assessment Model for Men (KORAM-M) with OSTA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the development dataset, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 8.1%. KORAM-M, consisting of age and body weight, had a sensitivity of 90.8%, a specificity of 42.4%, and an AUC of 0.666 with a cut-off score of -9. In the validation dataset, similar results were shown: sensitivity 87.9%, specificity 39.7%, and AUC 0.638. Additionally, risk categorization with KORAM-M showed improved reclassification over that of OSTA up to 22.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KORAM-M can be simply used as a pre-screening tool to identify candidates for dual energy X-ray absorptiometry tests.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Mi
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Ho
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yumie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Deog Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicines, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Ryong
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. hckim@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Hyeon Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Korea; Osteoporosis; men; risk assessment