title: Pathologic Classification of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
abstract: The pathologic classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms has evolved over the past decades, as new understanding of the biological behavior, histologic characteristics, and genetic features have emerged. Nonetheless, many aspects of the classification systems remain confusing or controversial. Despite these difficulties, much progress has been made in determining the features predicting behavior. Genetic findings have helped establish relationships among different types of neuroendocrine neoplasms and revealed potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the current approach to the diagnosis, classification, grading, and therapeutic stratification of neuroendocrine neoplasms, with a focus on those arising in the lung and thymus, pancreas, and intestines.
authors.affiliation: Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: klimstrd@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Klimstra
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D009154:Mutation; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Intestines; Lung; Neuroendocrine; Pancreas; Pathological classification; Thymus