title: The smallest available estradiol transdermal patch: a new treatment option for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
abstract: Minivelle(®) (Noven Therapeutics, LLC, FL, USA) is an estradiol transdermal delivery system that has recently been approved in the USA for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The decline in estrogen during menopause leads to bone resorption, increasing the risk of fractures. Transdermal estradiol has been shown to increase bone mineral density. Safety studies of transdermal estradiol have shown a decreased risk in cardiovascular disease as compared with oral estrogen therapy. Minivelle is currently the smallest available transdermal estradiol patch, providing the lowest effective dose of estrogen.
authors.affiliation: Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut Street, Suite 901, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Abigail
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertonazzi
authors.affiliation: Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut Street, Suite 901, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Bridgette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, 901 Walnut Street, Suite 901, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Umland
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D057968:Transdermal Patch
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol
keywords: hormone therapy; menopause; osteoporosis prevention; transdermal estradiol