title: Infectious Progeny of 2009 A (H1N1) Influenza Virus Replicated in and Released from Human Neutrophils.
abstract: Various reports have indicated that a number of viruses could infect neutrophils, but the multiplication of viruses in neutrophils was abortive. Based on our previous finding that avian influenza viral RNA and proteins were present in the nucleus of infected human neutrophils in vivo, we investigated the possibility of 2009 A (H1N1) influenza viral synthesis in infected neutrophils and possible release of infectious progeny from host cells. In this study we found that human neutrophils in vitro without detectable level of sialic acid expression could be infected by this virus strain. We also show that the infected neutrophils can not only synthesize 2009 A (H1N1) viral mRNA and proteins, but also produce infectious progeny. These findings suggest that infectious progeny of 2009 A (H1N1) influenza virus could be replicated in and released from human neutrophils with possible clinical implications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Feiyuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Xingmu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beijing University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Conghui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
authors.forename: Xueling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Universita' degli Studi di Sassari, Sezione di Microbiologia Sperimentale e Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Viale San Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italia.|International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.|Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kelvin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.|Department of Pathology, Beijing University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100083, China.|Translational Medicine Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002469:Cell Separation; D002642:Chick Embryo; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000821:virology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014764:Viral Proteins; C092488:sialic acid receptor