title: Factors Associated with Greater Pain Intensity.
abstract: The intensity of pain reported for a given nociception is highly variable. Variation in pain intensity is best accounted for by stress, distress, and ineffective coping strategies. Among orthopedic surgery patients, greater intake of opioids is associated with greater pain intensity and decreased satisfaction with pain control, no matter the pathophysiology or nociception. The single most effective pain reliever is self-efficacy (the sense that one can manage and that everything will be okay).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey Center, Suite 2100, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Mariano E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Menendez
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey Center, Suite 2100, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: dring@partners.org.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ring
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D059225:Nociception / Q000502:physiology*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy
keywords: Illness; Impairment; Magnitude of disability; Nociception; Pain intensity; Pathophysiology