title: Body adiposity and bone parameters of male rats from mothers fed diet containing flaxseed flour during lactation.
abstract: Obesity and osteoporosis may have their origins in early postnatal life. This study was designed to evaluate whether flaxseed flour use during lactation period bears effect on body adiposity and skeletal structure of male rat pups at weaning. At birth, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control and experimental (FF) groups, whose dams were treated with control or flaxseed flour diet, respectively, during lactation. At 21 days of age, pups were weaned to assess body mass, length and composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The animals were then sacrificed to carry out analysis of serum profile, intra-abdominal adipocyte morphology and femur characteristics. Differences were considered significant when P&lt;0.05. The FF group displayed the following characteristics (P&lt;0.05): higher body mass, length, bone mineral content, bone area and concentrations of osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; higher levels of stearic, α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids and lower levels of arachidonic acid and cholesterol; smaller adipocyte area; and higher mass, epiphysis distance, diaphysis width, maximal load, break load, resilience and stiffness of femur. Flaxseed flour intake during lactation period promoted adipocyte hypertrophy down-regulation and contributed to pup bone quality at weaning.
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: C A S
authors.initials: CAS
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: P C A
authors.initials: PCA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: A D D
authors.initials: ADD
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: 2Physiological Sciences,Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes,State University of Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: A D S D
authors.initials: ADSD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: 2Physiological Sciences,Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes,State University of Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: L D A
authors.initials: LDA
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.affiliation: 3Laboratory of Exercise Physiology,Federal University of São Carlos,São Paulo,Brazil.
authors.forename: L D G
authors.initials: LDG
authors.lastname: Ruffoni
authors.affiliation: 4Laboratory of Lipids,Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of São Paulo,São Paulo,Brazil.
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: de Santana
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: M D C
authors.initials: MDC
authors.lastname: de Abreu
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: B F D C
authors.initials: BFDC
authors.lastname: Boueri
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pessanha
authors.affiliation: 3Laboratory of Exercise Physiology,Federal University of São Carlos,São Paulo,Brazil.
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.affiliation: 4Laboratory of Lipids,Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of São Paulo,São Paulo,Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mancini-Filho
authors.affiliation: 2Physiological Sciences,Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes,State University of Rio de Janeiro,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
authors.forename: C C A
authors.initials: CCA
authors.lastname: do Nascimento-Saba
authors.affiliation: 1Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,Fluminense Federal University,Niterói,Brazil.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Boaventura
keywords: adiposity; bone; diet; flaxseed; lactation; rat