title: Multi-class methodology to determine pesticides and mycotoxins in green tea and royal jelly supplements by liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry.
abstract: A multi-class methodology was developed to determine pesticides and mycotoxins in food supplements. The extraction was performed using acetonitrile acidified with formic acid (1%, v/v). Different clean-up sorbents were tested, and the best results were obtained using C18 and zirconium oxide for green tea and royal jelly, respectively. The compounds were determined using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to Exactive-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The recovery rates obtained were between 70% and 120% for most of the compounds studied with a relative standard deviation <25%, at three different concentration levels. The calculated limits of quantification (LOQ) were <10 μg/kg. The method was applied to green tea (10) and royal jelly (8) samples. Nine (eight of green tea and one of royal jelly) samples were found to be positive for pesticides at concentrations ranging from 10.6 (cinosulfuron) to 47.9 μg/kg (paclobutrazol). The aflatoxin B1 (5.4 μg/kg) was also found in one of the green tea samples.
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martínez-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero-González
authors.affiliation: Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almería, Spain. Electronic address: agarrido@ual.es.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garrido Frenich
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D000099219:Royal Jelly
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D009183:Mycotoxins; D010575:Pesticides; D013662:Tea; D000099219:Royal Jelly
keywords: Food supplement; Green tea; Mycotoxins; Pesticides; Royal jelly; UHPLC–Exactive-Orbitrap