title: Encapsulation of cosmetic active ingredients for topical application--a review.
abstract: Microencapsulation is finding increasing applications in cosmetics and personal care markets. This article provides an overall discussion on encapsulation of cosmetically active ingredients and encapsulation techniques for cosmetic and personal care products for topical applications. Some of the challenges are identified and critical aspects and future perspectives are addressed. Many cosmetics and personal care products contain biologically active substances that require encapsulation for increased stability of the active materials. The topical and transdermal delivery of active cosmetic ingredients requires effective, controlled and safe means of reaching the target site within the skin. Preservation of the active ingredients is also essential during formulation, storage and application of the final cosmetic product. Microencapsulation offers an ideal and unique carrier system for cosmetic active ingredients, as it has the potential to respond to all these requirements. The encapsulated agent can be released by several mechanisms, such as mechanical action, heat, diffusion, pH, biodegradation and dissolution. The selection of the encapsulation technique and shell material depends on the final application of the product, considering physical and chemical stability, concentration, required particle size, release mechanism and manufacturing costs.
authors.affiliation: a LEPABE, Departamento De Engenharia Química , Faculdade De Engenharia Da Universidade Do Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias , Porto , Portugal.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Casanova
authors.affiliation: a LEPABE, Departamento De Engenharia Química , Faculdade De Engenharia Da Universidade Do Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias , Porto , Portugal.
authors.forename: Lúcia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D002214:Capsules; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D003358:Cosmetics; D004337:Drug Carriers
keywords: Encapsulation; controlled release; cosmetics; critical aspects; topical application