title: Poly(A)-binding proteins and mRNA localization: who rules the roost?
abstract: RNA-binding proteins are often multifunctional, interact with a variety of protein partners and display complex localizations within cells. Mammalian cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) are multifunctional RNA-binding proteins that regulate multiple aspects of mRNA translation and stability. Although predominantly diffusely cytoplasmic at steady state, they shuttle through the nucleus and can be localized to a variety of cytoplasmic foci, including those associated with mRNA storage and localized translation. Intriguingly, PABP sub-cellular distribution can alter dramatically in response to cellular stress or viral infection, becoming predominantly nuclear and/or being enriched in induced cytoplasmic foci. However, relatively little is known about the mechanisms that govern this distribution/relocalization and in many cases PABP functions within specific sites remain unclear. Here we discuss the emerging evidence with respect to these questions in mammals.
authors.affiliation: MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Scotland, U.K. Nicola.gray@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nicola K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Scotland, U.K.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hrabálková
authors.affiliation: MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Scotland, U.K.
authors.forename: Jessica P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Scanlon
authors.affiliation: MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Scotland, U.K.
authors.forename: Richard W P
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011061:Poly A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039102:Poly(A)-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D020871:RNA Stability / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D039102:Poly(A)-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011061:Poly A
keywords: chromatoid body; cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABPC1); localized translation; messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) granules; nucleocytoplasmic; poly(A)-binding protein (PABP); stress granule