title: Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and two new species of lizards from Brazilian Amazonia, with nomenclatural comments on the taxonomy of Gymnophthalmidae (Reptilia: Squamata).
abstract: We describe a new genus and two new species of gymnophthalmid lizards based on specimens collected from Brazilian Amazonia, mostly in the "arc of deforestation". The new genus is easily distinguished from other Gymnophthalmidae by having very wide, smooth, and imbricate nuchals, arranged in two longitudinal and 6-10 transverse rows from nape to brachium level, followed by much narrower, strongly keeled, lanceolate, and mucronate scales. It also differs from all other Gymnophthalmidae, except Iphisa, by the presence of two longitudinal rows of ventrals. The new genus differs from Iphisa by having two pairs of enlarged chinshields (one in Iphisa); posterior dorsal scales lanceolate, strongly keeled and not arranged in longitudinal rows (dorsals broad, smooth and forming two longitudinal rows), and lateral scales keeled (smooth). Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses based on morphological and molecular data indicate the new species form a clade that is most closely related to Iphisa. We also address several nomenclatural issues and present a revised classification of Gymnophthalmidae.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil; Email: grcolli@unb.br.
authors.forename: Guarino R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Colli
authors.affiliation: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi/CZO, Caixa Postal 399, 66017-970 Belém, PA, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Marinus S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hoogmoed
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Austin, Section of Integrative Biology, 1 University Station C0930, 78712, Austin, Texas, USA; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Cannatella
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cassimiro
authors.affiliation: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi/CZO, Caixa Postal 399, 66017-970 Belém, PA, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Jerriane Oliveira
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: José Mário
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ghellere
authors.affiliation: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi/CZO, Caixa Postal 399, 66017-970 Belém, PA, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Jerriane Oliveira
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: José Mário
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ghellere
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n. Cidade Universitária CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Pedro M Sales
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Kátia C M
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Pellegrino
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salerno
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Sergio Marques De
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Miguel Trefaut
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D049628:Body Size; D001938:Brazil; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D008116:Lizards / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009929:Organ Size; D010802:Phylogeny; D009626:Terminology as Topic