title: A Prospective Investigation of PTEN Loss and ERG Expression in Lethal Prostate Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  PTEN is a tumor suppressor frequently deleted in prostate cancer that may be a useful prognostic biomarker. However, the association of PTEN loss with lethal disease has not been tested in a large, predominantly surgically treated cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Physicians' Health Study, we followed 1044 incident prostate cancer cases diagnosed between 1986 and 2009 for cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. A genetically validated PTEN immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was performed on tissue microarrays (TMAs). TMPRSS2:ERG status was previously assessed in a subset of cases by a genetically validated IHC assay for ERG. Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age and body mass index at diagnosis, Gleason grade, and clinical or pathologic TNM stage were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association with lethal disease. All statistical tests were two-sided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On average, men were followed 11.7 years, during which there were 81 lethal events. Sixteen percent of cases had complete PTEN loss in all TMA cores and 9% had heterogeneous PTEN loss across cores. After adjustment for clinical-pathologic variables, complete PTEN loss was associated with lethal progression (HR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2 to 2.9). The association of PTEN loss (complete or heterogeneous) with lethal progression was only among men with ERG-negative (HR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.7 to 5.7) but not ERG-positive (HR = 1.2, 95% CI = 0.7 to 2.2) tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTEN loss is independently associated with increased risk of lethal progression, particularly in the ERG fusion-negative subgroup. These validated and inexpensive IHC assays may be useful for risk stratification in prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. tahearn@hsph.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas U
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Ahearn
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pettersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Ericka M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ebot
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Travis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gerke
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Rebecca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Carlos L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Rider
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Howard D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Sesso
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Michelangelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiorentino
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Flavin
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loda
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Meir J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stampfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Angelo M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: De Marzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Lorelei A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology (TUA, AP, EME, TG, REG, KMW, JRR, HDS, ELG, MJS, LAM) and Department of Nutrition (ELG, MJS), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (AP); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (REG); Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (CLM, JLH, AMDM, TLL); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (JRR, ELG, MJS, LAM, KMW); Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (HDS); Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy (MF); Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (RF, SF); Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (ML); Department of Oncology (AMDM, TLL) and Department of Urology (ADMD), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Tamara L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lotan
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018450:Disease Progression; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000032:analysis*; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000032:analysis*; D010820:Physicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis*; D000071230:Transcriptional Regulator ERG; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C072312:ERG protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000071230:Transcriptional Regulator ERG; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C421305:TMPRSS2 protein, human