title: Evaluation of the antigenicity of hydrolyzed cow's milk protein formulas using the mouse basophil activation test.
abstract: Hypoallergenic infant formulas are widely used for infants with cow's milk allergy. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the mouse basophil activation test (BAT) in the evaluation of residual antigenicity in these formulas. Whole blood samples derived from β-lactoglobulin- or casein-immunized mice were incubated with one of the following formulas: conventional, partially hydrolyzed, or extensively hydrolyzed. Basophilic activation was analyzed by flow cytometry using an IgE-dependent activation marker CD200R1 and an IgG-dependent activation marker CD200R3. Systemic anaphylaxis was induced by i.v. injection of milk formula and results were compared. Conventional formula induced pronounced changes in CD200R1 and CD200R3 expression on basophils, whereas extensively hydrolyzed formulas did not elicit any changes in these markers. Similarly, challenge with conventional formula induced anaphylaxis, whereas extensively hydrolyzed formulas did not induce anaphylaxis. Although the partially hydrolyzed formula also induced basophilic activation and systemic anaphylaxis, the magnitude of these effects was smaller than that observed with the conventional formula. Compared to CD200R1, the observed trend in CD200R3 expression resembled the results obtained from systemic anaphylaxis test more closely. These findings show that mouse BAT, in particular using CD200R3, is highly useful for the evaluation of antigenicity of milk formulas.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan. Electronic address: h_iwamot@morinagamilk.co.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Namba
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83, Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007159:Immunologic Tests / Q000379:methods*; D041943:Infant Formula; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D064446:Orexin Receptors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000276:immunology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D015415:Biomarkers; C492346:CD200 receptor, mouse; C501103:Cd200r1 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D064446:Orexin Receptors; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: Antigenicity; Basophil activation test; Hydrolyzed formula; Milk allergy; Mouse model