title: Development of Electrically Conductive Double-Network Hydrogels via One-Step Facile Strategy for Cardiac Tissue Engineering.
abstract: Cardiac tissue engineering is an effective method to treat the myocardial infarction. However, the lack of electrical conductivity of biomaterials limits their applications. In this work, a homogeneous electronically conductive double network (HEDN) hydrogel via one-step facile strategy is developed, consisting of a rigid/hydrophobic/conductive network of chemical crosslinked poly(thiophene-3-acetic acid) (PTAA) and a flexible/hydrophilic/biocompatible network of photo-crosslinking methacrylated aminated gelatin (MAAG). Results suggest that the swelling, mechanical, and conductive properties of HEDN hydrogel can be modulated via adjusting the ratio of PTAA network to MAAG network. HEDN hydrogel has Young's moduli ranging from 22.7 to 493.1 kPa, and its conductivity (≈10(-4) S cm(-1)) falls in the range of reported conductivities for native myocardium tissue. To assess their biological activity, the brown adipose-derived stem cells (BADSCs) are seeded on the surface of HEDN hydrogel with or without electrical stimulation. Our data show that the HEDN hydrogel can support the survival and proliferation of BADSCs, and that it can improve the cardiac differentiation efficiency of BADSCs and upregulate the expression of connexin 43. Moreover, electrical stimulation can further improve this effect. Overall, it is concluded that the HEDN hydrogel may represent an ideal scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.|Department of Polymer Science and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Boguang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Fanglian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.|Department of Polymer Science and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Wancai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
authors.forename: Yabin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
authors.forename: Changyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018031:Connexin 43; D020100:Hydrogels; D013876:Thiophenes; C472956:poly(thiophene-3-acetic acid); D005780:Gelatin
keywords: cardiac differentiation; conductive polymer; double-network hydrogels; stem cells; tissue engineering