title: G-CSF Intrauterine for Thin Endometrium, and Pregnancy Outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effects of G-CSF on a cancelled ART cycle due to thin endometrium.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a nonrandomized clinical trial from January 2011 to January 2013 in two tertiary university based hospitals fifteen patients undergoing embryo transfer and with the history of cycle cancellation due to thin endometrium were studied. Intrauterine infusion of G-CSF was done on the day of oocyte pick-up or 5 days before embryo transfer. The primary outcome to be measured was an endometrium thickened to at least 6 mm and the secondary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate and consequently take-home baby. All previous cycles were considered as control for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The G-CSF was infused at the day of oocyte retrieval or 5 days before embryo transfer. The endometrial thickness reached from 3.593±0.251 mm to 7.120 ± 0.84 mm. The mean age, gravidity, parity, and FSH were 35.13± 9.531 years, 3, 1 and 32.78 ± 31.10 mIU/ml, respectively. The clinical pregnancy rate was 20%, and there was one missed abortion, a mother death at 34 weeks, and a preterm labor at 30 weeks due to PROM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  G-CSF may increase endometrial thickness in the small group of patients who had no choice except cycle cancellation or surrogacy.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ensieh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tehraninejad
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fateme
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Davari Tanha
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Biology, Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Asadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Koorosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamali
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aziminikoo
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Elahe
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rezayof
keywords: ART cycle; G-CSF; thin endometrium