title: Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children.
abstract: This article provides an overview of the evaluation and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) in children. The common etiologies at different ages are reviewed. Conditions with endoscopic importance for diagnosis or therapy include solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, polyps, vascular lesions, and colonic inflammation and ulceration. Diagnostic modalities for identifying causes of LGIB in children include endoscopy and colonoscopy, cross-sectional and nuclear medicine imaging, video capsule endoscopy, and enteroscopy. Pre-endoscopic preparation and decision-making unique to pediatrics is highlighted. The authors conclude with a summary of current and emerging therapeutic hemostatic techniques that can be used in pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Steven & Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System, 1991 Marcus Avenue, Suite M 100, New Hyde Park, NY 11042, USA. Electronic address: bsahn@nshs.edu.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sahn
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Steven & Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System, 1991 Marcus Avenue, Suite M 100, New Hyde Park, NY 11042, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bitton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D053704:Capsule Endoscopy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D003113:Colonoscopy; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D041741:Lower Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging
keywords: Colonoscopy; Gastrointestinal bleeding; Hematochezia; Hemostasis; Pediatric; Resuscitation