title: Emergence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli of Animal Origin Spreading in Humans.
abstract: In the context of the great concern about the impact of human activities on the environment, we studied 403 commensal Escherichia coli/Escherichia clade strains isolated from several animal and human populations that have variable contacts to one another. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed a decrease of diversity 1) in strains isolated from animals that had an increasing contact with humans and 2) in all strains that had increased antimicrobial resistance. A specific B1 phylogroup clonal complex (CC87, Institut Pasteur schema nomenclature) of animal origin was identified and characterized as being responsible for the increased antimicrobial resistance prevalence observed in strains from the environments with a high human-mediated antimicrobial pressure. CC87 strains have a high capacity of acquiring and disseminating resistance genes with specific metabolic and genetic determinants as demonstrated by high-throughput sequencing and phenotyping. They are good mouse gut colonizers but are not virulent. Our data confirm the predominant role of human activities in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in the environmental bacterial strains and unveil a particular E. coli clonal complex of animal origin capable of spreading antimicrobial resistance to other members of microbial communities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France French National Reference Center for Bacterial Resistance in Commensal Flora, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France dskurnik@rics.bwh.harvard.edu erick.denamur@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skurnik
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Clermont
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guillard
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Adrien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Launay
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Danilchanka
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Genotyping of Pathogens and Public Health, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diancourt
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lebreton
authors.affiliation: Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadlec
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Deming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dion
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Hugues
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aschard
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Denamur
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cywes-Bentley
authors.affiliation: Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tenaillon
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France French National Reference Center for Bacterial Resistance in Commensal Flora, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andremont
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Nord, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Picard
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mekalanos
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Genotyping of Pathogens and Public Health, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brisse
authors.affiliation: INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, Paris, France Univ Paris Diderot, IAME, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 1137, Faculté De Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France dskurnik@rics.bwh.harvard.edu erick.denamur@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Erick
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Denamur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins
keywords: Escherichia coli; antimicrobial resistance; clonal complex 87; commensal; phylogroup B1