title: Vitamin D3supplementation does not modify cardiovascular risk profile of adults with inadequate vitamin D status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Nutrition Societies in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland recommend a daily intake of 20 µg vitamin D3for adults when endogenous synthesis is absent. The current study aimed to elucidate whether this vitamin D3dose impacts cardiovascular risk markers of adults during the winter months.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in Halle (Saale), Germany (51onorthern latitude) as a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomised trial (from January to April). A total of 105 apparently healthy subjects (male and female, 20-71 years old) were included. Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. One group received a daily 20-µg vitamin D3dose (n = 54), and the other group received a placebo (n = 51) for 12 weeks. Outcome measures included blood pressure, heart rate, concentrations of renin, aldosterone, serum lipids and vascular calcification markers, and haematologic variables such as pro-inflammatory monocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood pressure and systemic cardiovascular risk markers remained unchanged by vitamin D3supplementation, although serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3increased from 38 ± 14 to 73 ± 16 nmol/L at week 12. The placebo and vitamin D groups did not differ in their final cardiovascular risk profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Daily supplementation of 20 µg vitamin D3during winter is unlikely to change cardiovascular risk profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst Grube Strasse 40, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seibert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Annett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst Grube Strasse 40, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hirche
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brandsch
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dierkes
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst Grube Strasse 40, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girndt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany. gabriele.stangl@landw.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Gabriele I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Stangl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010919:Placebos; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010919:Placebos; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002112:Calcifediol
keywords: Adults; Cardiovascular risk; Monocyte subsets; Supplementation; Vitamin D3