title: CD19-Targeted CAR T Cells: A New Tool in the Fight against B Cell Malignancies.
abstract: Adoptive cell immunotherapy is a novel tool in the fight against cancer. Serving both effector and memory functions for the immune system, T cells make an obvious candidate for adoptive cell immunotherapy. By modifying native T cells with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), these cells can theoretically be targeted against any extracellular antigen. To date, the best-studied and clinically validated CAR T cells recognize CD19, a cell surface molecule on B cells and B cell malignancies. These CD19-directed T cells have shown clinical utility in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, with some patients achieving long-term disease remissions after treatment. This review will briefly summarize the current data supporting the use of adoptively transferred CAR T cells for the treatment of CD19-positive malignancies. Given these exciting results, the Food and Drug Administration has granted a 'breakthrough' designation for several variations of CD19-directed CAR T cells for treatment of adult and pediatric relapsed/refractory ALL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Brian C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Marcela V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Maus
mesh_terms: D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000276:immunology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell