title: A brachytic dwarfism trait (dw) in peach trees is caused by a nonsense mutation within the gibberellic acid receptor PpeGID1c.
abstract: Little is known about the genetic factors controlling tree size and shape. Here, we studied the genetic basis for a recessive brachytic dwarfism trait (dw) in peach (Prunus persica) that has little or no effect on fruit development. A sequencing-based mapping strategy positioned dw on the distal end of chromosome 6. Further sequence analysis and fine mapping identified a candidate gene for dw as a non-functional allele of the gibberellic acid receptor GID1c. Expression of the two GID1-like genes found in peach, PpeGID1c and PpeGID1b, was analyzed. GID1c was predominantly expressed in actively growing vegetative tissues, whereas GID1b was more highly expressed in reproductive tissues. Silencing of GID1c in plum via transgenic expression of a hairpin construct led to a dwarf phenotype similar to that of dw/dw peaches. In general, the degree of GID1c silencing corresponded to the degree of dwarfing. The results suggest that PpeGID1c serves a primary role in vegetative growth and elongation, whereas GID1b probably functions to regulate gibberellic acid perception in reproductive organs. Modification of GID1c expression could provide a rational approach to control tree size without impairing fruit development.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
authors.forename: Courtney A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hollender
authors.affiliation: BB Biogen, Jl Tentara Pelajar 3A, Bogor, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Toto
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hadiarto
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
authors.forename: Chinnathambi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scorza
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dardick
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005838:Genotype; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000068239:Prunus persica / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D005875:Gibberellins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C007842:gibberellic acid
keywords: GID1; Rosaceae; gibberellic acid; hormone receptor; peach; plum; tree size