title: Mentoring junior URM scientists to engage in sleep health disparities research: experience of the NYU PRIDE Institute.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the National Institute of Health (NIH)-funded PRIDE Institute in Behavioral Medicine and Sleep Disorders Research at New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center. The NYU PRIDE Institute provides intensive didactic and mentored research training to junior underrepresented minority (URM) faculty.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Kirkpatrick model, a mixed-methods program evaluation tool, was used to gather data on participant's satisfaction and program outcomes. Quantitative evaluation data were obtained from all 29 mentees using the PRIDE REDcap-based evaluation tool. In addition, in-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with 17 mentees to learn about their experiences at the institute and their professional development activities. Quantitative data were examined, and emerging themes from in-depth interviews and focus groups were studied for patterns of connection and grouped into broader categories based on grounded theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, mentees rated all programmatic and mentoring aspects of the NYU PRIDE Institute very highly (80-100%). They identified the following areas as critical to their development: research and professional skills, mentorship, structured support and accountability, peer support, and continuous career development beyond the summer institute. Indicators of academic self-efficacy showed substantial improvement over time. Areas for improvement included tailoring programmatic activities to individual needs, greater assistance with publications, and identifying local mentors when K awards are sought.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In order to promote career development, numerous factors that uniquely influence URM investigators' ability to succeed should be addressed. The NYU PRIDE Institute, which provides exposure to a well-resourced academic environment, leadership, didactic skills building, and intensive individualized mentorship proved successful in enabling URM mentees to excel in the academic environment. Overall, the institute accomplished its goals: to build an infrastructure enabling junior URM faculty to network with one another as well as with senior investigators, serving as a role model, in a supportive academic environment.
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: girardin.jean-louis@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Girardin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jean-Louis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Indu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ayappa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rapoport
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zizi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Collins
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Airhihenbuwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Kola
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuyemi
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Gbenga
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ogedegbe
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D001524:Behavioral Medicine; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000193:education*; D004493:Education; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D066296:Grounded Theory; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors / Q000523:psychology*; D008913:Minority Groups; D009519:New York City; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012890:Sleep
keywords: Behavioral medicine; Mentorship; PRIDE; Sleep; Training; Workforce diversity