title: Weight Loss Decreases Excess Pancreatic Triacylglycerol Specifically in Type 2 Diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study determined whether the decrease in pancreatic triacylglycerol during weight loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is simply reflective of whole-body fat or specific to diabetes and associated with the simultaneous recovery of insulin secretory function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals listed for gastric bypass surgery who had T2DM or normal glucose tolerance (NGT) matched for age, weight, and sex were studied before and 8 weeks after surgery. Pancreas and liver triacylglycerol were quantified using in-phase, out-of-phase MRI. Also measured were the first-phase insulin response to a stepped intravenous glucose infusion, hepatic insulin sensitivity, and glycemic and incretin responses to a semisolid test meal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight loss after surgery was similar (NGT: 12.8 ± 0.8% and T2DM: 13.6 ± 0.7%) as was the change in fat mass (56.7 ± 3.3 to 45.4 ± 2.3 vs. 56.6 ± 2.4 to 43.0 ± 2.4 kg). Pancreatic triacylglycerol did not change in NGT (5.1 ± 0.2 to 5.5 ± 0.4%) but decreased in the group with T2DM (6.6 ± 0.5 to 5.4 ± 0.4%; P = 0.007). First-phase insulin response to a stepped intravenous glucose infusion did not change in NGT (0.24 [0.13-0.46] to 0.23 [0.19-0.37] nmol ⋅ min(-1) ⋅ m(-2)) but normalized in T2DM (0.08 [-0.01 to -0.10] to 0.22 [0.07-0.30]) nmol ⋅ min(-1) ⋅ m(-2) at week 8 (P = 0.005). No differential effect of incretin secretion was observed after gastric bypass, with more rapid glucose absorption bringing about equivalently enhanced glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion in the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fall in intrapancreatic triacylglycerol in T2DM, which occurs during weight loss, is associated with the condition itself rather than decreased total body fat.
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steven
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
authors.forename: Kieren G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Hollingsworth
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, U.K.
authors.forename: Peter K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Small
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, U.K.
authors.forename: Sean A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Woodcock
authors.affiliation: Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, U.K.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pucci
authors.affiliation: Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aribisala
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Mrabeh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
authors.forename: Ann K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, U.K.
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Batterham
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. roy.taylor@ncl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D054795:Incretins / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000737:chemistry*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D054795:Incretins; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1