title: Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Feasibility of Using Video Glasses during Interventional Radiologic Procedures: A Randomized Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and feasibility of implementing video glasses in a variety of interventional radiologic (IR) procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August 2012 and August 2013, 83 patients undergoing outpatient IR procedures were randomized to a control group (n = 44) or an experimental group outfitted with video glasses (n = 39). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores, sedation and analgesia doses, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), pain scores, and procedure times were obtained. Complications and adverse events related to the use of video glasses were recorded. Postprocedural staff surveys and patient satisfaction surveys were completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women had greater preprocedural anxiety than men (P = .0056), and patients undergoing vascular interventions had greater preprocedural anxiety than those undergoing nonvascular interventions (P = .0396). When assessed after the procedure, patients who wore video glasses had significantly reduced levels of anxiety (-7.7 vs -4.4, respectively; P = .0335) and average MAP (-6.3 vs 2.1, respectively; P = .0486) compared with control patients. There was no significant difference in amount of sedation and analgesia, HR, RR, pain score, or procedure time between groups. No significant adverse events related to the use of video glasses were observed. Postprocedural surveys showed that video glasses were not distracting and did not interfere or pose a safety issue during procedures. Patients enjoyed using the video glasses and would use them again for a future procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Video glasses can be safely implemented during IR procedures to reduce anxiety and improve a patient's overall experience.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642. Electronic address: asfang930@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY 14642.
authors.forename: Lalita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Movva
authors.affiliation: University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 648, Rochester, NY 14642.
authors.forename: Shah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Waldman
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642.
authors.forename: Jingbing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009040:Motion Pictures; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement; D061214:Patient Safety; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires