title: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Ulva fasciata (Green Seaweed) Extract and Evaluation of Its Cytoprotective and Antigenotoxic Effects.
abstract: The chemical composition and biological properties of Ulva fasciata aqueous-ethanolic extract were examined. Five components were identified in one fraction prepared from the extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and palmitic acid and its ethyl ester accounted for 76% of the total identified components. Furthermore, we assessed the extract's antioxidant properties by using the DPPH, ABTS, and lipid peroxidation assays and found that the extract had a moderate scavenging effect. In an experiment involving preexposition and coexposition of the extract (1-500 µg/mL) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP), the extract was found to be nontoxic to C9 cells in culture and to inhibit the cytotoxicity induced by BP. As BP is biotransformed by CYP1A and CYP2B subfamilies, we explored the possible interaction of the extract with these enzymes. The extract (25-50 µg/mL) inhibited CYP1A1 activity in rat liver microsomes. Analysis of the inhibition kinetics revealed a mixed-type inhibitory effect on CYP1A1 supersome. The effects of the extract on BP-induced DNA damage and hepatic CYP activity in mice were also investigated. Micronuclei induction by BP and liver CYP1A1/2 activities significantly decreased in animals treated with the extract. The results suggest that Ulva fasciata aqueous-ethanolic extract inhibits BP bioactivation and it may be a potential chemopreventive agent.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Bioproductos Marinos (CEBIMAR), Loma y 37, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 11300 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Idania
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rodeiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP 70228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sitlali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olguín
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP 70228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santes
authors.affiliation: Universidad de la Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 10400 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Preclínicas (ICBP) "Victoria de Girón", Avenida 146, Playa, 11300 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Carlos L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Universidad de la Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 10400 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Raisa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mangas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Bioproductos Marinos (CEBIMAR), Loma y 37, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 11300 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Yasnay
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Preclínicas (ICBP) "Victoria de Girón", Avenida 146, Playa, 11300 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Gisselle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Bioproductos Marinos (CEBIMAR), Loma y 37, Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, 11300 La Habana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Ivones
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP 70228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hernández-Ojeda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP 70228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Camacho-Carranza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP 70228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valencia-Olvera
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CP 70228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jesús Javier
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Aguirre