title: Hidden Markov Models Capture Behavioral Responses to Suction-Cup Tag Deployment: A Functional State Approach to Behavioral Context.
abstract: The biological consequences of behavioral responses to anthropogenic noise depend on context. We explore the links between individual motivation, condition, and external constraints in a concept model and illustrate the use of motivational-behavioral states as a means to quantify the biologically relevant effects of tagging. Behavioral states were estimated from multiple streams of data in a hidden Markov model and used to test the change in foraging effort and the change in energetic success or cost given the effort. The presence of a tag boat elicited a short-term reduction in time spent in foraging states but not for proxies for success or cost within foraging states.
authors.affiliation: Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TS, UK. si66@st-andrews.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Saana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isojunno
authors.affiliation: Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TS, UK. pm29@st-andrews.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Patrick J O
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D008390:Markov Chains; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013396:Suction; D014907:Whales / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Animal-attached tags; Bayesian; Behavioral state; Proxies; Tagging effects