title: Comparison of Effectiveness of Manual Orthodontic, Powered and Sonic Toothbrushes on Oral Hygiene of Fixed Orthodontic Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maintenance of good oral hygiene is important for patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a manual orthodontic toothbrush, powered toothbrush with oscillating head and sonic toothbrush in controlling plaque, gingivitis and interdental bleeding in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment, and to compare their relative efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty subjects, who were to receive orthodontic treatment with both upper and lower fixed appliances, were randomly divided into three study groups, with 20 patients in each group. Groups I to III were given manual orthodontic, powered and sonic toothbrushes, respectively. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and interdental bleeding index were scored to assess the level of plaque accumulation, gingival health and interdental bleeding at baseline; 4 and 8 weeks recall visits after fixed appliance bonding. Paired t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study showed that a significant reduction in all the three indices scores was found from baseline to 4 and 8 weeks in group III. On intergroup comparison, no statistically significant differences were detected between the three groups for any of the parameters assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On intragroup comparison, sonic brushes performed superiorly in reducing gingivitis, plaque and interdental bleeding as compared to the manual orthodontic and powered brushes. On intergroup comparison, the relative comparative effectiveness was found to be similar for all the three brushes. How to cite this article: Sharma R, Trehan M, Sharma S, Jharwal V, Rathore N. Comparison of Effectiveness of Manual Orthodontic, Powered and Sonic Toothbrushes on Oral Hygiene of Fixed Orthodontic Patients. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(3):181-189.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Student (Third Year), Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India.
authors.forename: Ruchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India.
authors.forename: Mridula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trehan
authors.affiliation: Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jharwal
authors.affiliation: Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India.
authors.forename: Nidhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rathore
keywords: Fixed orthodontic treatment; Manual orthodontic toothbrush; Oral hygiene; Powered toothbrush; Sonic toothbrush.