title: Validation of a model of intensive training in digestive laparoscopic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective was to assess a laparoscopic training model for general surgery residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve general surgery residents carried out a training program, consisting of a theoretical session (one hour) and a hands-on session on simulator (7 h) and on animal model (13 h). For the first and last repetitions of simulator tasks and the Nissen fundoplication technique, time and scores from the global rating scale objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) were registered. Before and after the course, participants performed 4 tasks on the virtual reality simulator LAPMentor™: 1) hand-eye coordination, 2) hand-hand coordination, 3) transference of objects and 4) cholecystectomy task, registering time and movement metrics. Moreover, the residents completed a questionnaire related to the training components on a 5-point rating scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The last repetition of the tasks and the Nissen fundoplication technique were performed faster and with a higher OSATS score. After the course, the participants performed all LAPMentor™ tasks faster, increasing the speed of movements in all tasks. Number of movements decreased in tasks 2, 3 and 4; as well as path length in tasks 2 and 4. Training components were positively rated by residents, being the suture task the aspect best rated (4.90 ± 0.32).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This training model in digestive laparoscopic surgery has demonstrated to be valid for the improvement of basic and advanced skills of general surgery residents. Intracorporeal suturing and the animal model were the best rated training elements.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Laparoscopia, Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Cáceres, España. Electronic address: senciso@ccmijesususon.com.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Enciso
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Laparoscopia, Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Cáceres, España.
authors.forename: Idoia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Díaz-Güemes
authors.affiliation: Presidente de Honor, Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Cáceres, España.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Usón
authors.affiliation: Dirección Científica, Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Cáceres, España.
authors.forename: Francisco Miguel
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Margallo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D013502:General Surgery; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D010535:Laparoscopy; D023421:Models, Animal
keywords: Assessment; Cirugía general; Cirugía laparoscópica; Evaluación; Formación; General surgery; Habilidades; Laparoscopy; Surgical skills; Training