title: Diabetes, a risk factor for both infectious and major complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is reported that up to one-third of patients might have some postoperative complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The predictive factors for infectious and major complications remains conflicted, which was the main objective of this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective analysis using data from enrolled 411 patients diagnosed with renal stones underwent PCNL from 2008 to 2013. The correlation between postoperative complications with demographic characteristics, comorbidities and perioperative features was analyzed by Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney test. Logistic regression analysis was used for assessment of risk factors associatedwith infectious and major complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of 411 patients included was 53.6 years and male patients occupied 57.9%. Of all the 411 patients enrolled, 145 patients were diagnosed with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The comorbidity of diabetes and complete staghorn calculi were suggested to be independent risk factors for postoperative infectious complications by Logistic regression analysis. The overall complication rate was 31.1% (128/411) and 33 cases (8.0%) was categorized as major complications according to the modified Clavien score. The comorbidity of diabetes and an upper pole tract were risk factors for the occurrence of major complications after PCNL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The comorbidity of diabetes was significantly associated with an increasing incidence of both infectious and major postoperative complications after PCNL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Jiangyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urinary Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital No. 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy; complications; diabetes; risk factor