title: Characterizing offspring of bipolar parents: a review of the literature.
abstract: Offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (O-BP) is a high-risk cohort for mental illness in general and bipolar disorder (BD) specifically. This review aims to delineate the main clinical features of O-BP, including the psychopathology, interpersonal functioning, temperamental and personality features, neurocognitive deficits and neurobiological dysfunctions. Evidence indicates that several internalizing and externalizing symptoms/disorders are more prevalent in O-BP than in offspring of healthy control parents (O-HC). Furthermore, O-BP exhibits poorer interpersonal functioning than O-HC. Moreover, O-BP also endorses higher activity level, emotionality and behavioral disinhibition compared to O-HC. Besides, O-BP displays greater deficits on memory, cognitive flexibility and social cognition compared to O-HC. Finally, O-BP exhibits dysfunctional modulation in cortico- subcortical areas, more white matter abnormalities and higher cortisol basal levels compared to O-HC. Overall, these findings are discussed regarding the natural course and potential risk factors or endophenotypes for major mood disorders in general and BD specifically.
authors.affiliation: FPCEE Blanquerna, University of Ramon-Llull, Barcelona, Spain Adult Outpatient Mental Health Center, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain.
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Frías
authors.affiliation: FPCEE Blanquerna, University of Ramon-Llull, Barcelona, Spain Adult Outpatient Mental Health Center, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Palma
authors.affiliation: FPCEE Blanquerna, University of Ramon-Llull, Barcelona, Spain Adult Outpatient Mental Health Center, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain.
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Farriols
authors.affiliation: Adult Outpatient Mental Health Center, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvador
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder; D006801:Humans; D010290:Parents; D012307:Risk Factors