title: Right heart catheterisation: best practice and pitfalls in pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: Right heart catheterisation (RHC) plays a central role in identifying pulmonary hypertension (PH) disorders, and is required to definitively diagnose pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite widespread acceptance, there is a lack of guidance regarding the best practice for performing RHC in clinical practice. In order to ensure the correct evaluation of haemodynamic parameters directly measured or calculated from RHC, attention should be drawn to standardising procedures such as the position of the pressure transducer and catheter balloon inflation volume. Measurement of pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, in particular, is vulnerable to over- or under-wedging, which can give rise to false readings. In turn, errors in RHC measurement and data interpretation can complicate the differentiation of PAH from other PH disorders and lead to misdiagnosis. In addition to diagnosis, the role of RHC in conjunction with noninvasive tests is widening rapidly to encompass monitoring of treatment response and establishing prognosis of patients diagnosed with PAH. However, further standardisation of RHC is warranted to ensure optimal use in routine clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Dept III of Internal Medicine and Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), Cologne University Heart Center, Cologne, Germany stephan.rosenkranz@uk-koeln.de.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosenkranz
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ioana R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Preston
mesh_terms: D062186:Arterial Pressure; D019985:Benchmarking; D062906:Cardiac Catheters / Q000592:standards; D002407:Catheterization, Swan-Ganz / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014160:Transducers, Pressure / Q000592:standards