title: Predicting Anthropogenic Noise Contributions to US Waters.
abstract: To increase understanding of the potential effects of chronic underwater noise in US waters, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) organized two working groups in 2011, collectively called "CetSound," to develop tools to map the density and distribution of cetaceans (CetMap) and predict the contribution of human activities to underwater noise (SoundMap). The SoundMap effort utilized data on density, distribution, acoustic signatures of dominant noise sources, and environmental descriptors to map estimated temporal, spatial, and spectral contributions to background noise. These predicted soundscapes are an initial step toward assessing chronic anthropogenic noise impacts on the ocean's varied acoustic habitats and the animals utilizing them.
authors.affiliation: Office of Science and Technology, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1315 East-west Highway, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA. jason.gedamke@noaa.gov.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gedamke
authors.affiliation: Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA. megan.ferguson@noaa.gov.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.affiliation: Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA. jolie.harrison@noaa.gov.
authors.forename: Jolie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.affiliation: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Scituate, MA, 02066, USA. leila.hatch@noaa.gov.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hatch
authors.affiliation: Heat, Light, and Sound Research, Inc., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. laurel@hlsresearch.com.
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: Heat, Light, and Sound Research, Inc., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. mikeporter@hlsresearch.com.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: Southall Environmental Associates, Inc., Aptos, CA, 95003, USA. brandon.southall@sea-inc.net.
authors.forename: Brandon L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Southall
authors.affiliation: Northeast Fisheries Science Center, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA. sofie.vanparijs@noaa.gov.
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Parijs
mesh_terms: D005843:Geography; D006802:Human Activities; D006801:Humans; D009622:Noise; D012623:Seawater; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States
keywords: Anthropogenic; Background; CetSound; Noise; SoundMap; Soundscape