title: Pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver: A clinical challenge.
abstract: Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH), also known as pseudolymphoma or nodular lymphoid lesion of the liver is an extremely rare condition, and only 51 hepatic RLH cases have been described in the literature since the first case was described in 1981. The majority of these cases were asymptomatic and incidentally found through radiological imaging. The precise etiology of hepatic RLH is still unknown, but relative high prevalence of autoimmune disorder in these cases suggests an immune-based liver disorder. Imaging features of hepatic RLH often suggest malignant lesions such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. In this report, we discuss two cases of hepatic RLH in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. We also present pathologic and magnetic resonance imaging findings, including one case utilizing a hepatocellular contrast agent, Eovist. Definitive diagnosis of hepatic RLH often requires surgical excision.
authors.affiliation: Yong Kyong Kwon, Kambiz Etesami, Thomas M Fishbein, Chirag S Desai, Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States.
authors.forename: Yong Kyong
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Yong Kyong Kwon, Kambiz Etesami, Thomas M Fishbein, Chirag S Desai, Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States.
authors.forename: Reena C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.affiliation: Yong Kyong Kwon, Kambiz Etesami, Thomas M Fishbein, Chirag S Desai, Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States.
authors.forename: Kambiz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Etesami
authors.affiliation: Yong Kyong Kwon, Kambiz Etesami, Thomas M Fishbein, Chirag S Desai, Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Fishbein
authors.affiliation: Yong Kyong Kwon, Kambiz Etesami, Thomas M Fishbein, Chirag S Desai, Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States.
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozdemirli
authors.affiliation: Yong Kyong Kwon, Kambiz Etesami, Thomas M Fishbein, Chirag S Desai, Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, United States.
authors.forename: Chirag S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Desai
keywords: Liver; Magnetic resonance imaging; Nodular lymphoid lesion; Pseudolymphoma; Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia