title: The Importance of Caveolin-1 as Key-Regulator of Three-Dimensional Growth in Thyroid Cancer Cells Cultured under Real and Simulated Microgravity Conditions.
abstract: We recently demonstrated that the CAV1 gene was down-regulated, when poorly differentiated thyroid FTC-133 cancer cells formed spheroids under simulated microgravity conditions. Here, we present evidence that the caveolin-1 protein is involved in the inhibition of spheroid formation, when confluent monolayers are exposed to microgravity. The evidence is based on proteins detected in cells and their supernatants of the recent spaceflight experiment: "NanoRacks-CellBox-Thyroid Cancer". The culture supernatant had been collected in a special container adjacent to the flight hardware incubation chamber and stored at low temperature until it was analyzed by Multi-Analyte Profiling (MAP) technology, while the cells remaining in the incubation chamber were fixed by RNAlater and examined by mass spectrometry. The soluble proteins identified by MAP were investigated in regard to their mutual interactions and their influence on proteins, which were associated with the cells secreting the soluble proteins and had been identified in a preceding study. A Pathway Studio v.11 analysis of the soluble and cell-associated proteins together with protein kinase C alpha (PRKCA) suggests that caveolin-1 is involved, when plasminogen enriched in the extracellular space is not activated and the vascular cellular adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) mediated cell-cell adhesion is simultaneously strengthened and activated PRKCA is recruited in caveolae, while the thyroid cancer cells do not form spheroids.
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. stefan.riwaldt@med.ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riwaldt
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. jbauer@biochem.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. jessica.pietsch@med.ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pietsch
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Gravitational Biology Group, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany. m.braun@dlr.de.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.affiliation: Airbus Defense and Space GmbH (ADS), Claude-Dornier-Straße, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany. juergen.segerer@airbus.com.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Segerer
authors.affiliation: Airbus Defense and Space GmbH (ADS), Claude-Dornier-Straße, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany. achim.schwarzwaelder@airbus.com.
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwarzwälder
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. corydon@biomed.au.dk.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Corydon
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. manfred.infanger@med.ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Infanger
authors.affiliation: Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Clinic, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. dgg@biomed.au.dk.|Institute of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. dgg@biomed.au.dk.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grimm
mesh_terms: D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D013026:Space Flight; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D051242:Caveolin 1; D020543:Proteome
keywords: VCAM-1; international space station; pathway studio; plasminogen; tissue factor