title: Spatial air pollution modelling for a West-African town.
abstract: Land use regression (LUR) modelling is a common approach used in European and Northern American epidemiological studies to assess urban and traffic related air pollution exposures. Studies applying LUR in Africa are lacking. A need exists to understand if this approach holds for an African setting, where urban features, pollutant exposures and data availability differ considerably from other continents. We developed a parsimonious regression model based on 48-hour nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations measured at 40 sites in Kaédi, a medium sized West-African town, and variables generated in a geographic information system (GIS). Road variables and settlement land use characteristics were found to be important predictors of 48-hour NO2 concentration in the model. About 68% of concentration variability in the town was explained by the model. The model was internally validated by leave-one-out cross-validation and it was found to perform moderately well. Furthermore, its parameters were robust to sampling variation. We applied the model at 100 m pixels to create a map describing the broad spatial pattern of NO2 across Kaédi. In this research, we demonstrated the potential for LUR as a valid, cost-effective approach for air pollution modelling and mapping in an African town. If the methodology were to be adopted by environmental and public health authorities in these regions, it could provide a quick assessment of the local air pollution burden and potentially support air pollution policies and guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel; University of Basel, Basel. sirsirakz@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sirak Zenebe
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Gebreab
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vienneau
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feigenwinter
authors.forename: Hâmpaté
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bâ
authors.forename: Guéladio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cissé
authors.forename: Ming-Yi
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D008435:Mauritania; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide