title: Comparative efficacy of existing surveillance tools for Aedes aegypti in Western Kenya.
abstract: All traditional surveillance techniques for Aedes aegypti have been developed for the cosmopolitan domestic subspecies Ae. aegypti aegypti, and not the sylvatic subspecies, Ae. aegypti formosus. The predominant form in Western Kenya is Ae. aegypti formosus that is rarely associated with human habitations but is linked to transmission of sylvatic dengue virus strains. We compared five surveillance methods for their effectiveness in sampling Ae. aegypti formosus with the goal of determining a sustainable surveillance strategy in Kenya. The methods included larval and pupal surveys, oviposition trapping, BG-Sentinel trapping, resting boxes, and backpack aspirations. Larval and pupal surveys collected the highest number of Ae. aegypti formosus (51.3%), followed by oviposition traps (45.7%), BG-Sentinel traps (3.0%), and zero collected with either backpack aspiration or resting box collections. No Ae. aegypti formosus larvae or pupae were found indoors. The results indicate that oviposition traps and outdoor larval and pupal surveys were better surveillance methods for Ae. aegypti formosus in Western Kenya.
authors.affiliation: US Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya/Kenya Medical Research Institute, Department of Entomology and Vector Biology, Kisumu, Kenya. santos.yalwala@usamru-k.org.
authors.forename: Sancto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yalwala
authors.affiliation: Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: US Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya/Kenya Medical Research Institute, Department of Entomology and Vector Biology, Kisumu, Kenya.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oullo
authors.affiliation: US Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya/Kenya Medical Research Institute, Department of Entomology and Vector Biology, Kisumu, Kenya.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ngonga
authors.affiliation: US Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya/Kenya Medical Research Institute, Department of Entomology and Vector Biology, Kisumu, Kenya.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abuom
authors.affiliation: US Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya/Kenya Medical Research Institute, Department of Entomology and Vector Biology, Kisumu, Kenya.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wanja
authors.affiliation: Medical Service Corps, Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 172nd Medical Detachment BLD M3519 Service St.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bast
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D007630:Kenya; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D010058:Oviposition; D011156:Population Density; D011679:Pupa
keywords: Aedes aegypti; Kenya; mosquito surveillance tools