title: Mechanics, degradability, bioactivity, in vitro, and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of poly(amino acid)/hydroxyapatite/calcium sulfate composite for potential load-bearing bone repair.
abstract: A ternary composite of poly(amino acid), hydroxyapatite, and calcium sulfate (PAA/HA/CS) was prepared using in situ melting polycondensation method and evaluated in terms of mechanical strengths, in vitro degradability, bioactivity, as well as in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. The results showed that the ternary composite exhibited a compressive strength of 147 MPa, a bending strength of 121 MPa, a tensile strength of 122 MPa, and a tensile modulus of 4.6 GPa. After immersion in simulated body fluid, the compressive strength of the composite decreased from 147 to 98 MPa for six weeks and the bending strength decreased from 121 to 75 MPa for eight weeks, and both of them kept stable in the following soaking period. The composite could be slowly degraded with 7.27 wt% loss of initial weight after soaking in phosphate buffered solution for three weeks when started to keep stable weight in the following days. The composite was soaked in simulated body fluid solution and the hydroxyapatite layer, as flower-like granules, formed on the surface of the composite samples, showing good bioactivity. Moreover, it was found that the composite could promote proliferation of MG-63 cells, and the cells with normal phenotype extended and spread well on the composite surface. The implantation of the composite into the ulna of sheep confirmed that the composite was biocompatible and osteoconductive in vivo, and offered the PAA/HA/CS composite promising material for load-bearing bone substitutes for clinical application.
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Haohao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Xpand Biotechnology BV, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Xiaoman
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Guoyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Tissue Regeneration Department, Twente University, Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Huipin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China yan_yonggang@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019245:Compressive Strength; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D013718:Tensile Strength; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011108:Polymers; D017886:Durapatite; D002133:Calcium Sulfate
keywords: Ternary composite; bioactivity; degradability and stability; in vitro cytocompatibility; in vivo osteoconductive; mechanical property