title: Probiotic effect on calves infected with Salmonella Dublin: haematological parameters and serum biochemical profile.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a probiotic/lactose inoculum on haematological and immunological parameters and renal and hepatic biochemical profiles before and during a Salmonella Dublin DSPV 595T challenge in young calves. Twenty eight calves, divided into a control and probiotic group were used. The probiotic group was supplemented with 100 g lactose/calf/d and 1010cfu/calf/d of each strain of a probiotic inoculum composed of Lactobacillus casei DSPV318T, Lactobacillus salivarius DSPV315T and Pediococcus acidilactici DSPV006T throughout the experiment. The pathogen was administered on day 11 of the experiment, at an oral dose of 109cfu/animal (LD50). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), urea, red blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, band neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils and the neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio were measured on days 1, 10, 20 and 27 of the experiment. In addition, animals were necropsied to evaluate immunoglobulin A (IgA) production in the jejunal mucosa. The most significant differences caused by the administration of the inoculum/lactose were found during the acute phase of Salmonella challenge (9 days after challenge), when a difference between groups in neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio were detected. These results suggest that the probiotic/lactose inoculum administration increases the calf's ability to respond to the disease increasing the systemic immune response specific. No differences were found in haemoglobin, haematocrit, MCH, MCHC, AST, urea, GGT, band neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and IgA in the jejunum between the two groups of calves under the experimental conditions of this study. Further studies must be conducted to evaluate different probiotic/pathogens doses and different sampling times, to achieve a greater understanding of the effects of this inoculum on intestinal infections in young calves and of its mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratorio de Análisis de Alimentos, ICIVET-CONICET, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.|2 Dpto. de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNL, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratorio de Análisis de Alimentos, ICIVET-CONICET, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Astesana
authors.affiliation: 2 Dpto. de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNL, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Zbrun
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratorio de Análisis de Alimentos, ICIVET-CONICET, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Blajman
authors.affiliation: 5 Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, ICIVET-CONICET, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Salvetti
authors.affiliation: 2 Dpto. de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNL, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Berisvil
authors.affiliation: 2 Dpto. de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNL, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.|4 Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Camino a Alta Gracia, Km 10, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rosmini
authors.affiliation: 2 Dpto. de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNL, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.|3 CONICET, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34, km No. 227, Santa Fe, Rafaela, Argentina.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Signorini
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratorio de Análisis de Alimentos, ICIVET-CONICET, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.|2 Dpto. de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNL, R.P. Kreder 2805, S3080HOF Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Frizzo
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D002417:Cattle; D004906:Erythrocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006403:Hematologic Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei; D000069996:Ligilactobacillus salivarius; D007785:Lactose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D000070016:Pediococcus acidilactici; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007785:Lactose
keywords: Salmonella spp.; immune system; lactic acid bacteria; probiotic