title: Domestic cooking and food skills: A review.
abstract: Domestic cooking skills (CS) and food skills (FS) encompass multiple components, yet there is a lack of consensus on their constituent parts, inter-relatedness, or measurement, leading to limited empirical support for their role in influencing dietary quality. This review assessed the measurement of CS and FS in adults (>16 years); critically examining study designs, psychometric properties of measures, theoretical basis, and associations of CS/FS with diet. Electronic databases (PsychInfo), published reports, and systematic reviews on cooking and home food preparation interventions provided 834 articles of which 26 met the inclusion criteria. Multiple CS/FS measures were identified across three study designs-qualitative, cross-sectional, and dietary interventions-conducted from 1998 to 2013. Most measures were not theory-based, limited psychometric data were available, with little consistency of items or scales used for CS/FS measurements. Some positive associations between CS/FS and fruit and vegetables intake were reported, though lasting dietary changes were uncommon. The role of psycho-social (e.g., gender, attitudes) and external factors (e.g., food availability) on CS/FS is discussed. A conceptual framework of CS/FS components is presented for future measurement facilitation, which highlights the role for CS/FS on food-related behavior and dietary quality. This will aid future dietary intervention design.
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McGowan
authors.affiliation: b Department of Sociology , School of Arts and Social Sciences, City University London , London , UK.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caraher
authors.affiliation: c Food, Consumer Behaviour and Health Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Surrey , Guilford , Surrey , UK.
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raats
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lavelle
authors.affiliation: d UK Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management , Ulster Business School, Ulster University , Coleraine , UK.
authors.forename: Lynsey
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hollywood
authors.affiliation: d UK Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management , Ulster Business School, Ulster University , Coleraine , UK.
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.affiliation: e Department of Home Economics , St. Angela's College , Sligo , Ireland.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McCloat
authors.affiliation: e Department of Home Economics , St. Angela's College , Sligo , Ireland.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK.
authors.forename: Moira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dean
mesh_terms: D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods*; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology*; D005502:Food; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans
keywords: Cooking; diet; food; food literacy; measurement; scale; skills