title: Anion Recognition in Water: Recent Advances from a Supramolecular and Macromolecular Perspective.
abstract: The recognition of anions in water remains a key challenge in modern supramolecular chemistry, and is essential if proposed applications in biological, medical, and environmental arenas that typically require aqueous conditions are to be achieved. However, synthetic anion receptors that operate in water have, in general, been the exception rather than the norm to date. Nevertheless, a significant step change towards routinely conducting anion recognition in water has been achieved in the past few years, and this Review highlights these approaches, with particular focus on controlling and using the hydrophobic effect, as well as more exotic interactions such as C-H hydrogen bonding and halogen bonding. We also look beyond the field of small-molecule recognition into the macromolecular domain, covering recent advances in anion recognition based on biomolecules, polymers, and nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1555-3479
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Langton
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK. C.J.Serpell@kent.ac.uk.|School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK. C.J.Serpell@kent.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2848-9077
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Serpell
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK. paul.beer@chem.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Beer
keywords: anions; host-guest systems; molecular recognition; supramolecular chemistry; water