title: Venous clot lysis and stenting.
abstract: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) continues to represent a major source or mortality and morbidity. Although anticoagulation is the mainstay of therapy, adjunctive catheter-based interventions have shown substantial potential to improve clinically meaningful patient outcomes in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) has been shown in a randomized trial to reduce the risk of PTS in patients with acute proximal DVT; data from a larger NIH trial is expected shortly. The use of CDT is being increasingly used for patients with submassive or massive pulmonary embolism. Preliminary studies suggest that endovascular stent placement and ablative therapies can improve quality-of-life in carefully selected patients with established PTS. In this article, we summarize the current status of thrombus removal and stent placement procedures for VTE and PTS, with the main purpose being to guide clinicians in individualizing treatment decisions for their challenging patients.
authors.affiliation: Interventional Radiology Section, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vedantham
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002404:Catheterization; D003657:Decision Making; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D054070:Postthrombotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012306:Risk; D015607:Stents; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents