title: Downregulation of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase-2 induces the autophagy of melanoma cells via AMPK/mTOR pathway.
abstract: Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and causes 50,000 deaths annually worldwide. The roles of proline-dependent process and autophagy have both been reported in studies on melanoma. In the present study, we focused on the effect of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase-2 (PYCR2) on inducing autophagy process in melanoma. The expression of PYCR2 was regulated by an RNAi technique, and the cell proliferation of A375 cell line was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium test; the effect of PYCR2 on the apoptosis process and AMPK/mTOR pathway was evaluated by flow cytometry assay and Western blot. It was found that silence of PYCR2 resulted in the decrease of proliferative ability and activation of AMPK/mTOR-induced autophagy of A375 cells. PYCR2 silencing also activated AMPK/mTOR pathway in another melanoma cell line, CHL-1. However, the overexpression of PYCR2 seemed to make no difference to the cell viability and targeted pathway. Our results offered a preliminary illustration on the mechanism of the PYCR2-dependent autophagy and showed that PYCR2 was a potential therapeutic target of melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China.
authors.forename: Rongying
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Xueqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Mingfen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China. lizhiming8056@126.com.
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenerology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Institute of Dermatovenerology, Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325000, China. xuyunsheng0577@126.com.
authors.forename: Yunsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D001343:Autophagy / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011762:Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011762:Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: AMPK/mTOR; Autophagy; Melanoma; Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase-2