title: Duality of Antidepressants and Neuroprotectants.
abstract: The co-morbidity of neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD) with neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Parkinson's disease (PD) is now well recognized. Indeed, it is suggested that depressive disorders, especially in late life, may be an indication of latent neurodegeneration. Thus, it is not unreasonable to expect that deterrents of MDD may also deter the onset and/or progression of the neurodegenerative diseases including PD. In this review, examples of neuroprotective efficacy of established as well as prospective antidepressants are provided. Conversely, mood-regulating effects of some neuroprotective drugs are also presented. Thus, in addition to currently used antidepressants, ketamine, nicotine, curcumin, and resveratrol are discussed for their dual efficacy. In addition, potential neurobiological substrates for their actions are presented. It is concluded that pharmacological developments of mood-regulating or neuroprotective drugs can have cross benefit in co-morbid conditions of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and that inflammatory and neurotrophic factors play important roles in both conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. ytizabi@howard.edu.
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tizabi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents
keywords: Antidepressant; Inflammatory mediators; Major depressive disorder; Neurodegenerative disorders; Neuroprotection; Neurotrophic factors