title: Dose-dependent effects of isoflurane on regional activity and neural network function: A resting-state fMRI study of 14 rhesus monkeys: An observational study.
abstract: The dose-dependent effect of isoflurane on cerebral regional activity and functional connectivity (FC) in 14 rhesus monkeys was investigated using resting-state functional MRI. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) decreased in the cerebellum, visual cortex, and cortico-subcortical network when the isoflurane dose changed from 1.0 to 1.3 MAC. ALFF decreased in the arousal system, cerebellum, sensory, visual areas, cortico-subcortical network and default mode network and increased in the bilateral dorsal prefrontal cortices, frontal eye fields and motor-related areas from 1.0 to 1.6 MAC. FC of the default mode network, frontal-parietal, cortico-subcortical, motor, sensory, auditory and visual areas was reduced when isoflurane increased from 1.0 to 1.3 MAC. FC decreased in more widespread areas, especially in regions of cortico-subcortical networks and limbic systems, when isoflurane further increased from 1.0 to 1.6 MAC. Both dose-dependent decreased and increased ALFF were separately observed, while FC deteriorated as the anesthesia deepened. These results suggest that changes continue to occur past the loss of consciousness, and the dose-dependent effects of isoflurane are different with regard to regional function and neural network integration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Peilin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address: liubinhx@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Huaiqiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qiyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, The Center for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, #37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, #109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: lusuwcums@tom.com.
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lui
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D007530:Isoflurane
keywords: Anesthesia; Dose-dependent effect; Functional MRI; Isoflurane