title: Effect of Pile-Driving Sounds on the Survival of Larval Fish.
abstract: Concern exists about the potential effects of pile-driving sounds on fish, but evidence is limited, especially for fish larvae. A device was developed to expose larvae to accurately reproduced pile-driving sounds. Controlled exposure experiments were carried out to examine the lethal effects in common sole larvae. No significant effects were observed at zero-to-peak pressure levels up to 210 dB re 1 μPa(2) and cumulative sound exposure levels up to 206 dB re 1 μPa(2)·s, which is well above the US interim criteria for nonauditory tissue damage in fish. Experiments are presently being carried out for European sea bass and herring larvae.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), 68, 1970 AB, IJmuiden, The Netherlands. loes.bolle@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Loes J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bolle
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2509 JG, The Hague, The Netherlands. christ.dejong@tno.nl.
authors.forename: Christ A F
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.affiliation: Shell Global Solutions International BV, 1031 HW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. stijnbierman082@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Stijn M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bierman
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2600 AD, Delft, The Netherlands. pieter.vanbeek@tno.nl.
authors.forename: Pieter J G
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2509 JG, The Hague, The Netherlands. peter.wessels@tno.nl.
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Wessels
authors.affiliation: Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), 68, 1970 AB, IJmuiden, The Netherlands. Ewout.blom@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Ewout
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blom
authors.affiliation: Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), 68, 1970 AB, IJmuiden, The Netherlands. cindy.vandamme@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Cindy J G
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: van Damme
authors.affiliation: Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), 68, 1970 AB, IJmuiden, The Netherlands. erwin.winter@wur.nl.
authors.forename: Hendrik V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Defence Materiel Organisation, 2509 LV, The Hague, The Netherlands. rpa.dekeling@mindef.nl.|Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, 2500 EX, The Hague, The Netherlands. rpa.dekeling@mindef.nl.
authors.forename: René P A
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dekeling
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005399:Fishes / Q000502:physiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000502:physiology; D011336:Probability; D013016:Sound; D016019:Survival Analysis
keywords: Controlled exposure experiments; Offshore wind farms