title: Preoperative MRI in Patients With Intermittent Neurogenic Claudication: Relevance for Diagnosis and Prognosis.
abstract: We studied baseline magnetic resonance images of 155 patients with intermittent neurogenic claudication and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and patient data were gathered from participants of a randomized trial.
  
  
  
  It is believed that the narrowness of the lumbar spinal canal correlates to the severity of complaints and that it may be a good predictor of clinical outcome if treated. However, this hypothesis has never been (prospectively) tested.
  
  
  
  MRI is an important tool to confirm the diagnosis of LSS as a cause for intermittent neurogenic claudication.
  
  
  
  Three raters were asked to evaluate the magnetic resonance images (Schizas scale). Symptom severities at baseline and 1-year follow-up were quantified. The radiological scores were correlated with clinical baseline and outcome scores to assess diagnostic and prognostic value of MRI findings at baseline.
  
  
  
  There was good agreement on the clinically relevant level of LSS (kappa range 0.57-0.64). MRI assessment of grading of compression (kappa 0.33-0.46) did not correlate with baseline MRDQ nor with outcome based on postoperative change in MRDQ (P = 0.61). However, both absence of epidural fat and presence of tortuous caudal nerves on magnetic resonance images (kappa 0.53-0.72 and 0.67-0.70) in patients with LSS were relatively good predictors for satisfactory recovery after surgery (P = 0.03 and P < 0.01).
  
  
  
  The grading of compression on the preoperative MRI is neither ambiguous nor correlating to severity of clinical condition. It does, furthermore, not have the ability to predict the outcome after 1 year if surgically treated.
  
  
  
  2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.|Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Moojen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Catharina D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Schenck
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Geert J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lycklama À Nijeholt
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilco C H
authors.initials: WCH
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bas F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Van der Kallen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Arts
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.|Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilco C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Peul
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carmen L A M
authors.initials: CLAM
authors.lastname: Vleggeert-Lankamp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001416:Back Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D013115:Spinal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery