title: Nasal tip sutures: Techniques and indications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The surgical anatomy of the nasal tip is determined by intrinsic factors, such as the nasal tip volume, shape, definition, and symmetry. These factors are intimately related to the morphology of the lower lateral cartilages. Tip sutures reduce the need for grafts and allow the surgeon to manipulate the tip with a high degree of precision and better long-term clinical outcomes. In this review, we evaluated common nasal tip suture techniques to clarify the similarities and differences among them.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following nasal tip suture techniques were investigated: medial crural fixation suture, middle crura suture, transdomal (dome creating, dome binding, domal definition) suture, interdomal suture, lateral crural mattress suture, columella septal suture, intercrural suture, tip rotation suture, craniocaudal transdomal suture, lateral crural spanning suture, suspension suture, tongue-in-groove technique, and lateral crural steal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tip sutures increase tip projection, narrow the tip, provide stabilization, and provide tip rotation. The sutures may be used separately or together.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal tip sutures have long been used as noninvasive suture techniques. Each suture technique has unique benefits, and various key points must be considered when using these techniques.
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir,Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cingi
authors.forename: Nuray Bayar
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Muluk
authors.forename: Seçkin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Söken
authors.forename: Niyazi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Altıntoprak
authors.forename: Ethem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ada
mesh_terms: D004868:Equipment Failure; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery*; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013537:Sutures; D013997:Time Factors