title: Occurrence of 13 veterinary drugs in animal manure-amended soils in Eastern China.
abstract: The occurrence of 13 veterinary drugs were studied in soil fertilized with animal manures in Eastern China. The 69 soil samples were obtained from twenty-three vegetable fields in 2009 and analysed for selected veterinary drugs by HPLC-MS/MS at soil depths of 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm, and two additional samples were re-analysed from an earlier study from November 2011. Results showed that animal wastes, especially those from poultry farms, were one of pollution sources of veterinary drugs in soil. The detection frequency of veterinary drugs in soil was 83%, 91% and 87% in the three soil depths, respectively. The detection rates for the five classes of drugs in soils followed the rank order cyromazine > tetracyclines > sulfonamides > fluoroquinolones > florfenicol. Veterinary drugs were detected in soil layers at 20-40 and 40-60 cm depth to a greater extent than at 0-20 cm depth. The results of the same point in years 2009 and 2011 indicated that veterinary drugs accumulate easily and persist in the deeper soil. In addition, residue levels of veterinary drugs in soil were related to the animal species the manure was derived from. Overall, the predominance of tetracyclines in sampled soils underscored the need to regulate their veterinary use in order to improve the management and treatment of associated releases.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Lab of Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
authors.forename: Ruicheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Yinan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: endongbao43@126.com.
authors.forename: Endong
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005308:Fertilizers; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis; D008372:Manure; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000032:analysis; D013839:Thiamphenicol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D014227:Triazines / Q000032:analysis; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005308:Fertilizers; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D007306:Insecticides; D008372:Manure; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013754:Tetracyclines; D014227:Triazines; D019155:Veterinary Drugs; C035534:florfenicol; C028704:cyromazine; D013839:Thiamphenicol
keywords: HPLC–MS/MS; Manure; Occurrence; Soil; Veterinary drug