title: Transportation in the Interstitial Space of the Brain Can Be Regulated by Neuronal Excitation.
abstract: The transportation of substances in the interstitial space (ISS) is crucial for the maintenance of brain homeostasis, however its link to neuronal activity remains unclear. Here, we report a marked reduction in substance transportation in the ISS after neuronal excitation. Using a tracer-based method, water molecules in the interstitial fluid (ISF) could be specifically visualized in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. We first observed the flow of ISF in the thalamus and caudate nucleus of a rat. The ISF flow was then modulated using a painful stimulation model. We demonstrated that the flow of ISF slowed significantly following neuronal activity in the thalamus. This reduction in ISF flow continued for hours and was not accompanied by slow diffusion into the ISS. This observation suggests that the transportation of substances into the ISS can be regulated with a selective external stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.|Beijing Key Lab. of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.|Beijing Key Lab. of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.|Beijing Key Lab. of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab. of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology, Beijing 100191, China.|Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Junhao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.|Beijing Key Lab. of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Qingyuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Peking University Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Huipo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Sydney Medical School, Sydney University, Sydney 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D045604:Extracellular Fluid; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019786:Gadolinium DTPA