title: Tolerance, arsenic uptake, and oxidative stress in Acacia farnesiana under arsenate-stress.
abstract: Acacia farnesiana is a shrub widely distributed in soils heavily polluted with arsenic in Mexico. However, the mechanisms by which this species tolerates the phytotoxic effects of arsenic are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the tolerance and bioaccumulation of As by A. farnesiana seedlings exposed to high doses of arsenate (AsV) and the role of peroxidases (POX) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) in alleviating As-stress. For that, long-period tests were performed in vitro under different AsV treatments. A. farnesiana showed a remarkable tolerance to AsV, achieving a half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of about 2.8 mM. Bioaccumulation reached about 940 and 4380 mg As·kg(-1) of dry weight in shoots and roots, respectively, exposed for 60 days to 0.58 mM AsV. Seedlings exposed to such conditions registered a growth delay during the first 15 days, when the fastest As uptake rate (117 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) occurred, coinciding with both the highest rate of lipid peroxidation and the strongest up-regulation of enzyme activities. GST activity showed a strong correlation with the As bioaccumulated, suggesting its role in imparting AsV tolerance. This study demonstrated that besides tolerance to AsV, A. farnesiana bioaccumulates considerable amounts of As, suggesting that it may be useful for phytostabilization purposes.
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. , Iztapalapa , D.F. Mexico , Mexico.
authors.forename: Nemi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alcantara-Martinez
authors.affiliation: b Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. , Iztapalapa , D.F. Mexico , Mexico.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guizar
authors.affiliation: c Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. , Iztapalapa , D.F. Mexico , Mexico.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rivera-Cabrera
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. , Iztapalapa , D.F. Mexico , Mexico.
authors.forename: Blanca E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Anicacio-Acevedo
authors.affiliation: d Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus El Cerrillo Toluca , Estado de México , Mexico.
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buendia-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. , Iztapalapa , D.F. Mexico , Mexico.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Volke-Sepulveda
mesh_terms: D000045:Acacia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001149:Arsenates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D001151:Arsenic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001149:Arsenates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010544:Peroxidases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001151:Arsenic; C025657:arsenic acid
keywords: arsenic phytostabilization; glutathione S-transferase; oxidative stress