title: Comparative Effectiveness of Two Ultrasound-Guided Regional Block Techniques for Surgical Anesthesia in Open Unilateral Inguinal Hernia Repair.
abstract: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) and ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric (II/IH) nerve blocks have been described as analgesic adjuncts for inguinal hernia repair, but the efficacy of these techniques in providing intraoperative anesthesia, either individually or together, is not known. We designed this retrospective cohort study to test the hypothesis that combining TAP and II/IH nerve blocks ("double TAP" technique) results in greater accordance between the preoperative anesthetic plan and actual anesthetic technique provided when compared to TAP alone. Based on this study, double TAP may be preferred for patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair who wish to avoid general anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Steffel
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA.
authors.forename: T Edward
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA.
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA.
authors.forename: Daphne P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Ly
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine (L.S., T.E.K., S.K.H., A.K., E.R.M.) and Division of General Surgery (D.P.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California USA; and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service (T.E.K., S.K.H., R.K., E.R.M.) and Surgical Service (D.P.L.), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California USA. emariano@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Edward R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Mariano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D059685:Herniorrhaphy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local
keywords: ilioinguinal nerve block; inguinal hernia repair; monitored anesthesia care; outpatient surgery; point-of-care ultrasound; transversus abdominis plane block; ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia