title: Satureja bachtiarica ameliorate beta-amyloid induced memory impairment, oxidative stress and cholinergic deficit in animal model of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Extracellular deposition of Beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is the main finding in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which damages cholinergic neurons through oxidative stress and reduces the cholinergic neurotransmission. Satureja bachtiarica is a medicinal plant from the Lamiaceae family which was widely used in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible protective effects of S. bachtiarica methanolic extract on Aβ induced spatial memory impairment in Morris Water Maze (MWM), oxidative stress and cholinergic neuron degeneration. Pre- aggregated Aβ was injected into the hippocampus of each rat bilaterally (10 μg/rat) and MWM task was performed 14 days later to evaluate learning and memory function. Methanolic extract of S.bachtiarica (10, 50 and 100 mg/Kg) was injected intraperitoneally for 19 consecutive days, after Aβ injection. After the probe test the brain tissue were collected and lipid peroxidation, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Cholin Acetyl Transferees (ChAT) immunorectivity were measured in the hippocampus. Intrahipocampal injection of Aβ impaired learning and memory in MWM in training days and probe trail. Methanolic extract of S. bachtiarica (50 and 100 mg/Kg) could attenuate Aβ-induced memory deficit. ChAT immunostaining revealed that cholinergic neurons were loss in Aβ- injected group and S. bachtiarica (100 mg/Kg) could ameliorate Aβ- induced ChAT reduction in the hippocampus. Also S. bachtiarica could ameliorate Aβ-induced lipid peroxidation and AChE activity increase in the hippocampus. In conclusion our study represent that S.bachtiarica methanolic extract can improve Aβ-induced memory impairment and cholinergic loss then we recommended this extract as a candidate for further investigation in treatment of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal-Al Ahmad street, Tehran, Iran. soodi@modares.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Maliheh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soodi
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Soodabeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saeidnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharifzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Homa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hajimehdipoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal-Al Ahmad street, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dashti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sepand
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal-Al Ahmad street, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moradi
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D031362:Satureja
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Beta amyloid peptide; ChAT; Memory; Oxidative stress; Satureja bachtiarica