title: A Novel Hybrid Intelligent Indoor Location Method for Mobile Devices by Zones Using Wi-Fi Signals.
abstract: The increasing use of mobile devices in indoor spaces brings challenges to location methods. This work presents a hybrid intelligent method based on data mining and Type-2 fuzzy logic to locate mobile devices in an indoor space by zones using Wi-Fi signals from selected access points (APs). This approach takes advantage of wireless local area networks (WLANs) over other types of architectures and implements the complete method in a mobile application using the developed tools. Besides, the proposed approach is validated by experimental data obtained from case studies and the cross-validation technique. For the purpose of generating the fuzzy rules that conform to the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy system structure, a semi-supervised data mining technique called subtractive clustering is used. This algorithm finds centers of clusters from the radius map given by the collected signals from APs. Measurements of Wi-Fi signals can be noisy due to several factors mentioned in this work, so this method proposed the use of Type-2 fuzzy logic for modeling and dealing with such uncertain information.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico. puga@uabc.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castañón-Puga
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico. abby.salazar@uabc.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Abby Stephanie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico. laguilar@uabc.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Leocundo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico. cgaxiola@uabc.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Carelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaxiola-Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico. glicea@uabc.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Licea
keywords: Type-2 fuzzy inference system; data mining; indoor location; location-based services; wireless networks; wireless/mobile applications