title: [Postoperative persistent chronic pain: what do we know about prevention, risk factors, and treatment].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative persistent chronic pain (POCP) is a serious health problem, disabling, undermining the quality of life of affected patients. Although more studies and research have addressed the possible mechanisms of the evolution from acute pain to chronic postoperatively, there are still no consistent data about the risk factors and prevention. This article aims to bring what is in the panorama of the current literature available.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This review describes the definition, risk factors, and mechanisms of POCD, its prevention and treatment. The main drugs and techniques are exposed comprehensively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative persistent chronic pain is a complex and still unclear etiology entity, which interferes heavily in the life of the subject. Neuropathic pain resulting from surgical trauma is still the most common expression of this entity. Techniques to prevent nerve injury are recommended and should be used whenever possible. Despite efforts to understand and select risk patients, the management and prevention of this syndrome remain challenging and inappropriate.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brasil; Sociedade Brasileira para o Estudo da Dor, São Paulo, SP, Brasil; Ambulatório de Dor, Complexo Universitário Prof. Edgar Santos, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Durval Campos
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kraychete
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: riokoks.dcir@epm.br.
authors.forename: Rioko Kimiko
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.affiliation: Anestesiologia, Complexo Universitário Hospital Edgar Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Leticia de Oliveira Carvalho
authors.initials: Lde O
authors.lastname: Lannes
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brasil; Liga Acadêmica para o Estudo da Dor, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: Igor Dórea
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Bandeira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Eduardo Jun
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sadatsune
keywords: Analgesia; Dor crônica pós‐operatória; Fatores de risco; Postoperative chronic pain; Prevention; Prevenção; Risk factors; Tratamento; Treatment