title: Evaluation of tumor metastasis-associated markers for molecular classification in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: This study aims to ascertain the relationship of tumor metastasis-associated markers cyclin D1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to investigate their value in ESCC molecular classification. The expression of cyclin D1, CTGF and VEGF in 100 specimens from patients and 20 from normal esophageal mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationship of their expression with prognosis of the patients with ESCC was evaluated by Cox regression model and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis. High levels of expression of cyclin D1, CTGF, and VEGF were observed in 61 (61%), 53 (53%), 49 (49%) cases, respectively. Univariate survival analysis indicated that the levels of expression of cyclin D1, CTGF and VEGF were associated with survival (all P-value < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that cyclin D1 and VEGF were independent prognostic factors affecting the three-year survival rate of patients (P = 0.001, 0.017, respectively). Furthermore, high level expression of cyclin D1, CTGF and VEGF in stage I patients was found associated with poor three-year survival rate (all P-value < 0.05). The prognosis probably was favorable for patients with low expression of cyclin D1 even in stage III, or VEGF even in stage IV. Tumor metastasis-associated markers such as cyclin D1 and VEGF may be independent prognostic factors affecting survival rate of postoperative ESCC patients. It is possible to judge prognosis better and tailor treatments to each individual patient when these markers were applied to ESCC molecular classification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Jiangsu University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jun-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Jiangsu University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Jiangsu University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mao-Song
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Jiangsu University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Yangzhou University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Yangzhou University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Yangzhou University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou Medical School, Nantong & Jiangsu University Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Rong-Yu
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Qian
keywords: CTGF; Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; VEGF; cyclin D1; molecular classification