title: Beta-glucan-depleted, glycopeptide-rich extracts from Brewer's and Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) lower interferon-gamma production by stimulated human blood cells in vitro.
abstract: Regulation of the human immune system requires controlled pro- and anti-inflammatory responses for host defence against infection and disease states. Yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), as used in brewing and baking, are mostly known for ability to stimulate the human immune-system predominantly reflecting the pro-inflammatory cell wall β-glucans. However, in this study, using food-compatible processing methods, glycopeptide-enriched and β-glucan-depleted products were each prepared from Brewer's and Baker's yeasts, which suppressed production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in human whole blood cell assay, signifying that anti-inflammatory factors are also present in yeast. Anti-inflammatory bioactivities of products prepared from Brewer's and Baker's yeast were compared with the commercial yeast product, Epicor®. While unfractionated Epicor was inactive, the C18 resin-binding fractions of Brewer's and Baker's yeast products and Epicor dose-dependently lowered IFN-γ, demonstrating that Epicor also contained both pro-inflammatory (β-glucans) and anti-inflammatory components. Anti-inflammatory activity was attributed to C18 resin-binding species glyco-peptides in Epicor and experimental yeast products. This study demonstrated that pro- and anti-inflammatory factors could be resolved and enriched in yeasts by suitable processing, with potential to improve specific activities.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food and Nutrition, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
authors.forename: Roderick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics Australia, The School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3030, Australia.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics Australia, The School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3030, Australia.
authors.forename: Nirupama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jayasinghe
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics Australia, The School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3030, Australia.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Roessner
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Food and Nutrition, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia. Electronic address: louise.bennett@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Louise E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry*; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006020:Glycopeptides; D047071:beta-Glucans; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Glycopeptide; IFN-γ; Immune; Inflammation; Innate; Nutraceutical; Yeast; β-Glucan