title: Environmental Behavior of Chlorpyrifos and Endosulfan in a Tropical Soil in Central Brazil.
abstract: The environmental behavior of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan in soil was studied in the central-western region of Brazil by means of a field experiment. Sorption was evaluated in laboratory batch experiments. Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan were applied to experimental plots on uncultivated soil and the following processes were studied: leaching, runoff, and dissipation in top soil. Field dissipation of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan was more rapid than reported in temperate climates. Despite the high Koc of the studied pesticides, the two endosulfan isomers and endosulfan sulfate as well as chlorpyrifos were detected in percolated water. In runoff water and sediment, both endosulfan isomers and endosulfan sulfate were detected throughout the period of study. Observed losses of endosulfan by leaching (below a depth of 50 cm) and runoff were 0.0013 and 1.04% of the applied amount, whereas chlorpyrifos losses were 0.003 and 0.032%, respectively. Leaching of these highly adsorbed pesticides was attributed to preferential flow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, ICET , Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n. 2367, CEP-78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana F G C
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Dores
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Gestão Territorial, Av. Soldado Passarinho, n. 303, Fazenda Chapadão, CEP-13070-115 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudio A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Spadotto
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil and Rural Engineering. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, FAMEV , Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n. 2367, CEP-78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Oscarlina L S
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, ICET , Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n. 2367, CEP-78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dalla Villa
authors.affiliation: Department of Geology, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, ICET , Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n. 2367, CEP-78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Vecchiato
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, ICET , Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n. 2367, CEP-78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alicio A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pinto
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000737:chemistry*; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004777:Environment; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007700:Kinetics; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000737:chemistry*; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D004726:Endosulfan
keywords: dissipation; leaching; pesticides; runoff; sorption; water contamination