title: The Association Between Urinary Benzophenone Concentrations and Personal Care Product Use in Korean Adults.
abstract: Benzophenone (BP) derivatives are widely used in personal care products (PCPs) for protection from ultraviolet radiation. Because of their broad applications, BP derivatives have been found in various human bodily fluids. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between urinary concentrations of BP derivatives and PCP use in Korean adults. A urinary BP biomonitoring survey was conducted in Korea by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2014. BP derivatives (BP-1, BP-3, and 4-OH-BP) were measured in urine samples from 168 Korean adults (mean age, 43.2 ± 15.4 years) by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Information about the use of PCPs in the past 7 days was obtained by direct interviews. The mean levels of BP-1, BP-3, and 4-OH-BP were 0.87, 5.87, and 0.13 ng/g creatinine, respectively. The geometric mean levels of BP-1, BP-3, and 4-OH-BP were significantly higher in female than those in male. The medians of the urinary concentration of BP derivatives were significantly higher among users of the following PCPs than those in non-users; the PCPs included sunscreen, skin care products, functional cosmetics, makeup base, makeup, lip cosmetics, eye cosmetics, color cosmetics, perfume products, and nail products. A regression analysis revealed a significant linear association between urinary BP-3 concentrations and the number of additional cosmetic products used. These findings provide evidence of a positive association between exposure to PCPs and urinary BP derivative concentrations in Korean adults.
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea.
authors.forename: Ahra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea.|Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 72-1 Naeri, Ansung, Gyunggi, 456-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Hui-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea.
authors.forename: Gui Im
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Sil
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Risk Assessment Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-709, Korea. inghwang@korea.kr.
authors.forename: In Gyun
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000652:urine*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000600:supply & distribution
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C047723:benzophenone