title: Invasive urothelial carcinoma within a calyceal diverticulum associated with renal stones: A case report.
abstract: Calyceal diverticula are rare outpouchings of the upper collecting system lying within the renal parenchyma. These often contain stones, however, carcinoma within a calyceal diverticulum is uncommon. The present study reports a case of invasive urothelial carcinoma within a calyceal diverticulum associated with renal stones. A 70-year-old male with a left renal mass identified by abdominal computed tomography was referred to the Department of Urology, Kanazawa University Hospital. Pre-operative diagnosis was difficult owing to an atypical imaging finding of a hypovascular renal mass with calcification. A laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was performed, and the surgical specimens showed invasive high-grade urothelial carcinoma within a calyceal diverticulum, and the calcifications were renal stones consisting of 97% calcium oxalate. Urothelial carcinoma in calyceal diverticula is a rare condition, however, a pre-operative definite diagnosis is difficult and a high potential for invasion of the renal parenchyma is suspected in this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Taito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namiki
keywords: calyceal diverticula; invasive urothelial carcinoma; renal stone