title: Downregulation of adiponectin system in granulosa cells and low levels of HMW adiponectin in PCOS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to investigate changes in adiponectin system expression in granulosa cells (GCs) and high molecular weight adiponectin levels in serum and follicular fluid (FF) of 40 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared to those in 40 women with normal ovary function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adiponectin (Adipo), adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), and adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin protein concentration was evaluated by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using Student's t test and one-way ANOVA in SPSS 21 software. At oocyte retrieval, FF was aspirated and GCs were obtained from a pooled collection of FF per each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCR results showed expression of adiponectin, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) in GCs. After controlling body mass index (BMI) values, qRT-PCR demonstrated a decreased expression of adiponectin system in GCs of PCOS patients compared to those in controls (p = 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation among AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 expression and also among FSH and LH receptor expression. (Both r = 0.8, p = 0.001). There were low levels of high molecular weight adiponectin in the serum of PCOS patients with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (30.19 ± 4.3 ng/ml) compared to the controls (48.47 ± 5.9 ng/ml) and in the FF of PCOS patients with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (7.86 ± 1.44 ng/ml) compared to the controls (14.22 ± 2.01 ng/ml; p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower expression of adiponectin and its receptors in GCs might be an important manifestation in gonadotropin-stimulated PCOS patients which could influence the physiologic adiponectin roles such as interaction with insulin and LH in induction of GC gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Tayebe
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Artimani
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saidijam
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aflatoonian
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashrafi
authors.affiliation: Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.affiliation: Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yavangi
authors.affiliation: Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: SoleimaniAsl
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Nooshin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shabab
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Jamshid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mehdizadeh.m@iums.ac.ir.|Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mehdizadeh.m@iums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehdizadeh
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C475418:ADIPOR1 protein, human; C475420:ADIPOR2 protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D011974:Receptors, LH; D011374:Progesterone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: AdipoR1; AdipoR2; Adiponectin; Follicular fluid; Granulosa cell (GC); HMW adiponectin