title: Neonatal and Infantile Epilepsy: Acquired and Genetic Models.
abstract: The incidence of seizures and epilepsies is particularly high during the neonatal and infantile periods. We will review selected animal models of early-life epileptic encephalopathies that have addressed the dyscognitive features of frequent interictal spikes, the pathogenesis and treatments of infantile spasms (IS) or Dravet syndrome, disorders with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) dysregulation, and selected early-life epilepsies with genetic defects. Potentially pathogenic mechanisms in these conditions include interneuronopathies in IS or Dravet syndrome and mTOR dysregulation in brain malformations, tuberous sclerosis, and related genetic disorders, or IS of acquired etiology. These models start to generate the first therapeutic drugs, which have been specifically developed in immature animals. However, there are challenges in translating preclinical discoveries into clinically relevant findings. The advances made so far hold promise that the new insights may potentially have curative or disease-modifying potential for many of these devastating conditions.
authors.affiliation: Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
authors.forename: Aristea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Galanopoulou
authors.affiliation: Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
authors.forename: Solomon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Moshé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004831:Epilepsies, Myoclonic / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004827:Epilepsy; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D051379:Mice; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D013036:Spasms, Infantile / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases