title: Molecular importance of prawn large heat shock proteins 60, 70 and 90.
abstract: Considering the importance of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the innate immune system of prawn, a comparative molecular approach was proposed to study the crustacean large HSPs 60, 70 and 90. Three different large HSPs were identified from freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr) cDNA library during screening. The structural and functional characteristic features of HSPs were studied using various bioinformatics tools. Also, their gene expression and mRNA regulation upon various pathogenic infections was studied by relative quantification using 2(-ΔΔCT) method. MrHSP60 contains a long chaperonin 60 domain at 46-547 which carries a chaperonin 60 signature motif between 427 and 438, whereas MrHSP70 contains a long HSP70 domain at 21-624 and MrHSP90 carries a HSP90 domain at 188-719. The two dimensional analysis showed that MrHSP60 contains more amino acids (52%) in helices, whereas MrHSP70 (40.6%) and MrHSP90 (51.8%) carried more residues in coils. Gene expression results showed significant (P < 0.05) expression of MrHSP60, 70 and 90 in haemocyte, gill and hepatopancreas, respectively. Further, the expression level was up-regulated upon bacterial (Aeromonas hydrophilla and Vibrio harveyi) and viral [white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and M. rosenbergii nodo virus (MrNV)] infections during various time periods. The gene expression results exhibited the potential involvement of these three HSPs in the immune system of prawn. The study indicated the potentiality of these molecules, thereby protecting cells against pathogens as well as severe cellular and environmental stresses in crustaceans.
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mukesh Kumar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chaurasia
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Faizal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nizam
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Gayathri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ravichandran
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mariadhas Valan
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Arasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif Abdullah
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Dhabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arshad
authors.affiliation: School of Aquatic Food Products and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi, 682 506, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: Preetham
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elumalai
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: jesuaraj@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jesu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arockiaraj
mesh_terms: D000333:Aeromonas; D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D030381:Nodaviridae; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D012327:RNA Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014733:Vibrio; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Bioinformatics; Gene expression; Heat shock proteins; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Pathogen