title: Interstitial brachytherapy technique for chest wall refractory recurrence of breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the treatment effect of interstitial brachytherapy for chest wall locoregional recurrence of breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This 44-year-old female presented with chest wall recurrence seven years after modified radical mastectomy for stage II breast cancer. Despite external beam radiation and chemotherapy, the lesion expanded as 5.3 × 5.1 × 3.0 cm(3), and 8.0 × 5.1 × 4.0 cm(3). The locoregional recurrent tumor was treated with interstitial brachytherapy under ultrasound guidance. The brachytherapy dose was 30 Gy in 6 fractions of 5 Gy each.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Removal of the recurrent tumor was securely achieved by interstitial brachytherapy guided with ultrasound scanning. The refractory tumor in patient healed uneventfully after interstitial brachytherapy without recurrence during the 7 months of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ultrasound-guided interstitial brachytherapy may be effective for refractory recurrence of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: These two authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: These two authors contributed equally to this work.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Zhipeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Hongfu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
keywords: breast cancer; interstitial brachytherapy; refractory recurrence