title: Elucidation of the fragmentation pathways of a complex 3,7-O-glycosyl flavonol by CID, HCD, and PQD on an LTQ-Orbitrap Velos Pro hybrid mass spectrometer.
abstract: The present study was designed to systematically investigate the ESI-MS(n) behavior of a complex 3, 7-O-glycosyl flavonol, kaempferol 3-O-α-L-[2,3-di-O-β-D-(6-E-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranosyl]-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (KO) isolated from Epimedium wushanense, and to address the elimination priority among different glycosylation sites and different sugars/substituents. The direct-infusion ESI-MS(n) experiment of KO was performed on a hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap Velos Pro mass spectrometer in both negative and positive ion modes by three different fragmentation mechanisms (CID, HCD, and PQD). The CID, HCD, and PQD analyses of KO exhibited remarkable discrimination in respect of the scan range, richness, and distribution of product ions through the entire spectra. KO experienced different fragmentation pathways between two ionization modes: the negative mode CID of KO eliminated the glycosyl portions (priority: 7-sugar > 3-substituent and terminal substituents > inner sugar) and produced aglycone product ions at m/z 284.03/285.04; however, abundant sodium-adduct B(3)2 together with subsequent (i,j)X(3)0 cleavages were found characteristic for the positive mode CID-MS(n). The fragmentation pathways by CID for KO were proposed by analyzing the high accuracy ESI-MS(n) data. Complementary structural information of KO regarding the aglycone and glycosyl portions was obtained by analyzing the ESI-MS(n) data in both ionization modes. In conclusion, the LTQ-Orbitrap method facilitates highly reliable qualitative analysis of bioactive flavonoids with three alternative fragmentation modes.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Zhi
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China. Electronic address: wanyingwu@simm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wan-Ying
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: De-An
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D034181:Epimedium / Q000737:chemistry*; D044948:Flavonols / Q000032:analysis*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000032:analysis*; D006031:Glycosylation; D029001:Herbal Medicine; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D044948:Flavonols; D006027:Glycosides; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Flavonol 3,7-O-glycoside; Fragmentation pathway; LTQ-Orbitrap