title: Elevated S100A8/A9 and S100A12 Serum Levels Reflect Intraocular Inflammation in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Uveitis: Results From a Pilot Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIAU) is the most common uveitis entity in childhood. As S100A8/A9 and S100A12 proteins are valuable biomarkers in childhood arthritis, we investigated the occurrence of these proteins in childhood uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples from patients with JIAU (n = 79) or idiopathic anterior uveitis (IAU, n = 24), as well as from nonuveitic controls (n = 24), were collected. Furthermore, aqueous humor samples (JIAU n = 17, nonuveitic controls n = 16, IAU n = 12) were obtained. Samples were analyzed for S100A8/A9 and S100A12 protein levels by ELISA. Intergroup comparisons were performed, involving patient data, clinical data, and S100 levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S100A8/A9 and S100A12 serum levels were elevated in IAU and JIAU patients as compared to nonuveitic controls (all P < 0.05). S100 serum levels in JIAU patients were higher in active arthritis (not significant; P = 0.289 for S100A8/A9 and P = 0.196 for S100A12) and active uveitis (P = 0.010 for S100A8/A9 and P = 0.026 for S100A12) than in controls. No significant differences in S100 levels were found in a subgroup analysis for sex, antinuclear antibody (ANA) status, disease duration, or presence of uveitis complications. In JIAU patients, S100 serum levels correlated with age and age at onset of uveitis. A longitudinal analysis in JIAU patients showed a correlation of serum S100A8/A9 and S100A12 levels with uveitis activity (both P = 0.03). S100A8/A9 levels in aqueous humor of patients with JIAU (P = 0.001) and IAU (P = 0.0002) were increased as compared to nonuveitic controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased S100A8/A9 and S100A12 levels are found in the serum and aqueous humor of patients with autoimmune uveitis. Serum levels reflect activity of joint and eye disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Ophtha Lab St. Franziskus-Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany 2Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walscheid
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Ophtha Lab St. Franziskus-Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Arnd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heiligenhaus
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holzinger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Ophtha Lab St. Franziskus-Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany 3Department of Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Ophtha Lab St. Franziskus-Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany 5Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tappeiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Ophtha Lab St. Franziskus-Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Foell
mesh_terms: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood*; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D040501:Calgranulin A / Q000097:blood*; D040502:Calgranulin B / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D000067616:S100A12 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D015415:Biomarkers; D040501:Calgranulin A; D040502:Calgranulin B; D000067616:S100A12 Protein