title: [Cardiovascular risk patients under androgen deprivation therapy: Lower risk with GnRH antagonists compared to LHRH agonists?].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists or GnRH antagonists is the mainstay of treatment for metastatic prostate cancer (mCaP). However, ADT is associated with serious cardiovascular events. Only a few studies that directly compare the cardiovascular risk of LHRH agonists versus GnRH antagonists have been published.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This review aims to compare the cardiovascular risk of LHRH agonists versus GnRH antagonists based on the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search that considered full publications and abstracts published before December 10, 2014 was performed. Due to their high evidence quality, only meta-analyses and pooled studies were included in this review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four studies were included. These investigated the cardiovascular risk of patients receiving an ADT with LHRH agonists and/or GnRH antagonists. However, only one of these directly compared the cardiovascular risk of ADT with LHRH agonists versus GnRH antagonists. This meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in cardiovascular risk for patients receiving a GnRH antagonist compared to those patients receiving a LHRH agonist (HR: 0.597; 95 % CI: 0.380-0.938; P = 0.0253). Subgroup analyses showed that, in particular, patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases who were treated with a GnRH antagonist have a significantly lower risk of experiencing a cardiovascular event when compared with patients receiving a GnRH agonist (HR: 0.44; 95 % CI: 0.26-0.74; P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, GnRH antagonists are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events, compared with LHRH agonists, when administered as ADT in CaP patients, and particularly in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease. Thus, patients with a history of cardiovascular disease may benefit from ADT with a GnRH antagonist.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Akkreditiertes Zweitmeinungszentrum Keimzelltumoren, Zertifiziertes Kontinenz- und Beckenboden-Zentrum, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 60, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland. axel.merseburger@uksh.de.
authors.forename: Axel S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Merseburger
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Hannover, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sedding
authors.affiliation: Urologie am Nordkopf, Wolfsburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hüter
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
keywords: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT); Cardiovascular events; LHRH agonists/GnRH antagonists; Prostate cancer