title: Electrophoretic Deformation of Individual Transfer RNA Molecules Reveals Their Identity.
abstract: It has been hypothesized that the ribosome gains additional fidelity during protein translation by probing structural differences in tRNA species. We measure the translocation kinetics of different tRNA species through ∼3 nm diameter synthetic nanopores. Each tRNA species varies in the time scale with which it is deformed from equilibrium, as in the translocation step of protein translation. Using machine-learning algorithms, we can differentiate among five tRNA species, analyze the ratios of tRNA binary mixtures, and distinguish tRNA isoacceptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.
authors.forename: Robert Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Henley
authors.affiliation: Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States.
authors.forename: Brian Alan
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ashcroft
authors.affiliation: Anima Cell Metrology, Inc. , Bernardsville, New Jersey 07924, United States.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
authors.forename: Barry S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cooperman
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States.|Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States.|Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States.
authors.forename: Stuart M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.|Department of Chemistry/Chemical Biology, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.
authors.forename: Meni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wanunu
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D004586:Electrophoresis; D007700:Kinetics; D000069550:Machine Learning; D058608:Nanopores; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012343:RNA, Transfer
keywords: RNA; SVM; nanopores; single molecule; tRNA