title: Physiological and transcriptional responses and cross protection of Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013 under acid stress.
abstract: Acid tolerance responses (ATR) in Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013 were investigated at physiological and molecular levels. A comparison of composition of cell membrane fatty acids (CMFA) between acid-challenged and unchallenged cells showed that acid adaptation evoked a significantly higher percentage of saturated fatty acids and cyclopropane fatty acids in acid-challenged than in unchallenged cells. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis in acid-adapted cells at different pH values (ranging from 3.0 to 4.0) indicated that several genes were differently regulated, including those related to proton pumps, amino acid metabolism, sugar metabolism, and class I and class III stress response pathways. Expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and production of alkali was significantly upregulated. Upon exposure to pH 4.5 for 2 h, a higher survival rate (higher viable cell count) of Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013 was achieved following an additional challenge to 40 mM hydrogen peroxide for 60 min, but no difference in survival rate of cells was found with further challenge to heat, ethanol, or salt. Therefore, we concluded that the physiological and metabolic changes of acid-treated cells of Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013 help the cells resist damage caused by acid, and further initiated global response signals to bring the whole cell into a state of defense to other stress factors, especially hydrogen peroxide.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing Donglu, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Renhui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing Donglu, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mingfang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China. Electronic address: cuixiangwan@ncu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Cuixiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Nagendra P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing Donglu, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing Donglu, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D056738:Cross Protection; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003521:Cyclopropanes; D005227:Fatty Acids; C028775:cyclopropane fatty acids; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: Lactobacillus plantarum; acid tolerance response; cross-protection; physiological and transcriptional level