title: Legume seeds and colorectal cancer revisited: Protease inhibitors reduce MMP-9 activity and colon cancer cell migration.
abstract: MMP-9 activity is strongly related to cancer growth and metastization. This study aimed at assessing the inhibitory potential of the major seed protein fractions from eight selected legume species towards MMP-9 activity in colon carcinoma cells. Albumin and globulin fractions were screened for MMP-9 inhibitors, using a fluorometric assay and gelatin zymography. Their effect on HT29 cell proliferation and cell migration was tested, as well as on the corresponding intrinsic cellular MMP-9 activities. Seed proteins include potent inhibitors of MMP-9, particularly low molecular mass proteins. Their effectiveness differs greatly among species, with a positive correlation detected between their inhibitory activity and the reduction in cell migration. Lupin seeds contain the most efficient MMP-9 inhibitors of all legume seeds analyzed, inhibiting both gelatinases and HT29 migration and growth, while pea seeds showed no effect. Results reveal legume protein MMPIs as novel metalloproteinase inhibitors with possible pharmacological interest. This may be important for selecting leguminous species with potential use in anti-cancer diets.
authors.affiliation: Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: agusmaolima@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A I G
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.affiliation: Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: S A V S
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Disease & Stress Biology Group, LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: R M S B
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005916:Globulins; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D005916:Globulins; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Albumins; Colon cancer; Globulins; HT29; Legume seeds; MMP-2; MMP-9; Proteinase inhibitors