title: The chromosomal constitution of fish hybrid lineage revealed by 5S rDNA FISH.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The establishment of the bisexual fertile fish hybrid lineage including the allodiploid and allotetraploid hybrids, from interspecific hybridization of red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var. 2n = 100, 2n = AA) (♀) × common carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 2n = 100, 2n = BB) (♂), provided a good platform to investigate genetic relationship between the parents and their hybrid progenies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The chromosomal inheritance of diploid and allotetraploid hybrid progenies in successive generations, was studied by applying 5S rDNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. Signals of 5S rDNA distinguished the chromosomal constitution of common carp (B-genome) from red crucian carp (A-genome), in which two strong signals were observed on the first submetacentric chromosome, while no major signal was found in common carp. After fish hybridization, one strong signal of 5S rDNA was detected in the same locus on the chromosome of diploid hybrids. As expected, two strong signals were observed in 4nF3 tetraploid hybrids offspring and it is worth mentioning that two strong signals were detected in a separating bivalent of a primary spermatocyte in 4nF3. Furthermore, the mitosis of heterozygous chromosomes was shown normal and stable with blastular tissue histological studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We revealed that 5S rDNA signal can be applied to discern A-genome from B-genome, and that 5S rDNA bearing chromosomes can be stably passed down in successive generations. Our work provided a significant method in fish breeding and this is important for studies in fish evolutionary biology.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. zhangchun421@163.com.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. haidoc@126.com.
authors.forename: Lihai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. 374660909@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yiyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. cs5676@sina.com.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. 214314467@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. minmindiu@126.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. yameix@126.com.
authors.forename: Yamei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China. lsj@hunnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020029:Base Pairing / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D036703:Blastula / Q000166:cytology; D002347:Carps / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*; D006054:Goldfish / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D007621:Karyotyping; D008677:Metaphase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009711:Nucleotides