title: Contrast Media Injector Technology - Renal Safety During Coronarography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to assess whether the volume and osmolarity of contrast media (CM) influences the occurrence of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) following coronarography procedure. CIN can be defined as an increase in the serum concentration of creatinine greater than a 25% from baseline during the period of 12 to 48 hours after the administration of radiocontrast media.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 100 patients without diabetes with serum creatinine concentration from 45 mmol/l to 141 mmol/l and 100 patients with diabetes with serum creatinine concentration from 46 mmol/l to 161 mmol/l who underwent coronary angiography. During procedure they received iso-osmolar contrast medium, Visipaque 320 (iodixanol-320), for group without diabetes from 40 to 340 ml and for group with diabetes from 49 to 310 ml.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CIN occurred in 27 (13,5%) of the 200 study patients. There was a trend toward higher prevalence of CIN (16% vs.11%, p = 0.086) in the diabetic group compared with the non-diabetic group. Patient with diabetes received less contrast media, they are younger but number patients with CIN are higher.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing contrast media dose is associated with the occurrence of CIN following coronarography. But, another risk factors like diabetes mellitus, old age, male sex and preexisting kidney disease have influence of developing CIN after coronarography.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Heart, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Ermina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mujicic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Heart, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Ekrem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kevric
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Clinic, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Senija
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasic
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Clinic, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Selimovic
authors.affiliation: Institute for Heart, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Nermir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Granov
authors.affiliation: Institute for Heart, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina.
authors.forename: Dinka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Music
keywords: contrast induced nephropathy; contrast media; coronarography