title: [Overcoming treatment resistance in chronic depression : The role of inpatient psychotherapy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic depression poses a particular challenge for the psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care system. Owing to high rates of psychiatric comorbidities and multiple pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment resistance, novel treatment strategies are urgently required.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this article, we describe the clinical characteristics of chronic and treatment-resistant depression and review the pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment options currently available. We focus on the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), the first specific psychotherapy approach to chronic depression. Finally, we discuss the role of psychotherapeutic inpatient programs and stepped care concepts in chronic and treatment-resistant depression.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland. philipp.sterzer@charite.de.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sterzer
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Normann
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: Psychologische Hochschule Berlin (PHB), Berlin, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Eva-Lotta
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Brakemeier
mesh_terms: D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005858:Germany; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans
keywords: Depression; Depressive disorder, treatment-resistant; Inpatients; Psychotherapy; Psychotropic drugs