title: Clinical Imaging of Tumor Metabolism with ¹H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
abstract: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive functional technique to evaluate the biochemical behavior of human tissues. This property has been widely used in assessment and therapy monitoring of brain tumors. MRS studies can be implemented outside the brain, with successful and promising results in the evaluation of prostate and breast cancer, although still with limited reproducibility. As a result of technical improvements, malignancies of the musculoskeletal system and abdominopelvic organs can benefit from the molecular information that MRS provides. The technical challenges and main applications in oncology of (1)H MRS in a clinical setting are the focus of this review.
authors.affiliation: Neuroradiology Section, Health - Time, Jaén, Spain. Electronic address: t.martin.f@htime.org.
authors.forename: Teodoro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martín Noguerol
authors.affiliation: Philips Healthcare Iberia, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez-González
authors.affiliation: Neuroradiology Section, Health - Time, Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: José Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Martínez Barbero
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García-Figueiras
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baleato-González
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Health Time, Carmelo Torres 2, Jaén 23006, Spain; Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, 44106 Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luna
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000639:trends*; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000639:trends; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000639:trends*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolites; Brain tumor; Breast cancer; Choline; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging; Prostate cancer