title: Measurement of Blood Volume in Adult Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).
abstract: Most biomedical facilities that use rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) limit the amount of blood that may be collected for experimental purposes. These limits typically are expressed as a percentage of blood volume (BV), estimated by using a fixed ratio of blood (mL) per body weight (kg). BV estimation ratios vary widely among facilities and typically do not factor in variables known to influence BV in humans: sex, age, and body condition. We used indicator dilution methodology to determine the BV of 20 adult rhesus macaques (10 male, 10 female) that varied widely in body condition. We measured body composition by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, weight, crown-to-rump length, and body condition score. Two indicators, FITC-labeled hydroxyethyl starch (FITC-HES) and radioiodinated rhesus serum albumin ((125)I-RhSA), were injected simultaneously, followed by serial blood collection. Plasma volume at time 0 was determined by linear regression. BV was calculated from the plasma volume and Hct. We found that BV calculated by using FITC-HES was consistently lower than BV calculated by using (125)I-RhSA. Sex and age did not significantly affect BV. Percentage body fat was significantly associated with BV. Subjects categorized as having 'optimal' body condition score had 18% body fat and 62.1 mL/kg BV (by FITC-HES; 74.5 mL/kg by (125)I-RhSA). Each 1% increase in body fat corresponded to approximately 1 mL/kg decrease in BV. Body condition score correlated with the body fat percentage (R(2) = 0.7469). We provide an equation for calculating BV from weight and body condition score.
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA hobbst@ohsu.edu.
authors.forename: Theodore R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Technology Support Core Laboratory, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Blue
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Byung S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Greisel
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: P Michael
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Technology Support Core Laboratory, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Francis K-Y
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Pau
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001810:Blood Volume; D001811:Blood Volume Determination / Q000379:methods*; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; C050176:fluorescein isothiocyanate-hydroxyethyl starch; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate