title: Risk Functions of Dolphins and Sea Lions Exposed to Sonar Signals.
abstract: Acoustic dose-response functions have been recommended as a means of predicting behavioral impacts on marine mammals from anthropogenic noise exposure. Thirty bottlenose dolphins and fifteen sea lions participated in a controlled exposure study to explore dose-response relationships to the received level of a simulated sonar signal. Both species showed an increase in the probability of response and in the severity of response with increased received levels. Differences in species sensitivity were noted in habituation and the impact of age on responsiveness.
authors.affiliation: National Marine Mammal Foundation, 2240 Shelter Island Drive, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA. dorian.houser@nmmf.org.
authors.forename: Dorian S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Houser
authors.affiliation: US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space and Naval Warfare Systems (SPAWAR) Center (SSC) Pacific, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA. steve.w.martin@navy.mil.
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: US Navy Marine Mammal Program, Space and Naval Warfare Systems (SPAWAR) Center (SSC) Pacific, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA. james.finneran@navy.mil.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Finneran
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D050681:Bottle-Nosed Dolphin / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D012307:Risk Factors; D046070:Sea Lions / Q000502:physiology*; D013016:Sound
keywords: Behavioral reaction; Dose response; Noise; Sound