title: Impulsive Driving: Definition and Measurement Using the I-Driving Scale (IDS).
abstract: Impulsivity has been widely studied in the context of traffic. The trait is believed to be the root of some accidents, along with other variables like aggression and anger. The present research objective is to develop a new scale - the I-Driving Scale (IDS) - to evaluate and measure the construct of impulsivity in specific driving situations. To that end, two studies were conducted, with 162 and 107 participants, respectively. In both studies, participants were recruited via their social networks, and answered anonymously. In addition to the IDS, they completed the Use the Vehicle to Express Anger subscale of the Driving Anger Expression Inventory (DAX), the Driving Anger Scale (DAS), and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS11), and also provided demographic information. The final scale had 11 items falling into two factors: impatience, and aggressiveness/abruptness. The results show a high consistency (αT = .81, αI = .70, and αA = .85 in the first study; αT = .83, αI = .80, and αA = .88 in the second study). Statistical results of Exploratory Factor Analysis in the first sample indicated goodness of fit to a two-factor model (RMSR = .057, GFI = .98). The second study confirmed that factorial structure (χ2/df = 80.50/43 = 1.87, RMSEA = .088, CFI = .94, TLI = .92). Correlations with other measures indicated the Impatience subscale is associated with different expressions of anger behind the wheel, and directly correlated with the loss of driver's license points. Furthermore, the Aggressiveness or Abruptness subscale was associated with more mechanical aspects, and correlated inversely with age.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pérez-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hernández-Lloreda
authors.affiliation: Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).
authors.forename: Trinidad Ruiz
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Gallego-Largo
authors.affiliation: Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain).
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Castellanos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D000786:Anger; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011581:Psychological Tests; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: aggressiveness; i-driving scale; impatience; impulsive driving