title: Kidney transplantation, bioengineering and regeneration: an originally immunology-based discipline destined to transition towards ad hoc organ manufacturing and repair.
abstract: Kidney transplantation (KT), as a modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT), has been shown to be both economically and functionally superior to dialysis for the treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Progress in KT is limited by two major barriers: a) a chronic and burgeoning shortage of transplantable organs and b) the need for chronic immunosuppression following transplantation. Although ground-breaking advances in transplant immunology have improved patient survival and graft durability, a new pathway of innovation is needed in order to overcome current obstacles. Regenerative medicine (RM) holds the potential to shift the paradigm in RRT, through organ bioengineering. Manufactured organs represent a potentially inexhaustible source of transplantable grafts that would bypass the need for immunosuppressive drugs by using autologous cells to repopulate extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds. This overview discusses the current status of renal transplantation while reviewing the most promising innovations in RM therapy as applied to RRT.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katari
authors.affiliation: c Annenberg School for Communication & Journalism , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Sheyna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gifford
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamburrini
authors.affiliation: b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Edgar
authors.affiliation: b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Marcia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.affiliation: d Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Sean V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Igel
authors.affiliation: b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mancone
authors.affiliation: b Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Callese
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Colucci
authors.affiliation: e Department of Urology , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirzazadeh
authors.affiliation: f Department of General Surgery , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peloso
authors.affiliation: d Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Joao Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zambon
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Farney
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Stratta
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgery , Wake Forest University , Winston Salem , NC , USA.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orlando
mesh_terms: D057005:Bioengineering / Q000379:methods*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014181:Transplantation Immunology / Q000276:immunology
keywords: Kidney transplantation; bioengineering; decellularization; extracellular matrix; regenerative medicine