title: Measurements of Operational Wind Turbine Noise in UK Waters.
abstract: The effects of wind farm operational noise have not been addressed to the same extent as their construction methods such as piling and drilling of the foundations despite their long operational lifetimes compared with weeks of construction. The results of five postconstruction underwater sound-monitoring surveys on wind farms located throughout the waters of the British Isles are discussed. These wind farms consist of differing turbine power outputs, from 3 to 3.6 MW, and differing numbers of turbines. This work presents an overview of the results obtained and discusses both the levels and frequency components of the sound in several metrics.
authors.affiliation: Subacoustech Ltd., Unit 9 Claylands Park, Claylands Road, Bishops Waltham, Hampshire, SO32 1QD, UK. sam.cheesman@subacoustech.com.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheesman
mesh_terms: D004736:Energy-Generating Resources; D009622:Noise; D011210:Power Plants; D006113:United Kingdom; D014867:Water; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: Behavioral effects; Operational noise; Underwater sound; Wind turbines