title: Molecular profiling of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits high rates of recurrence, and with few approved targeted agents, novel treatments are needed. We analyzed a molecular profiling database for the distribution of biomarkers predictive of chemotherapies and targeted agents.
  
  
  
  Seven hundred thirty-five patients with advanced HNSCC (88 with known human papillomavirus [HPV] status), were profiled using multiple platforms (gene sequencing, gene copy number, and protein expression).
  
  
  
  Among the entire patient population studied, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was the protein most often overexpressed (90%), TP53 gene most often mutated (41%), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) most often amplified (40%; n = 5). With the exception of TP53 mutation, other biomarker frequencies were not significantly different among HPV-positive or HPV-negative patients. PIK3CA mutations and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss are frequent events, independent of HPV status. The immune response-modulating programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) axis was active across sites, stages, and HPV status.
  
  
  
  Molecular profiling utilizing multiple platforms provides a range of therapy options beyond standard of care. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1625-E1638, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.affiliation: Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona.
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gatalica
authors.affiliation: Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knezetic
authors.affiliation: Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University, Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Shreveport, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Cherie-Ann
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Nathan
authors.affiliation: Hope Health Center, Reseda, California.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Javadi
authors.affiliation: The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teknos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C423236:CD274 protein, human; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human
keywords: DNA sequencing; biomarkers; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; molecular profiling; protein expression