title: Patient-Based Long-Term Results of the Surgical Treatment of Congenital Talipes Equinovarus.
abstract: Long-term results of surgical treatment for congenital talipes equinovarus are documented in the literature but mainly in correlation with clinical and radiographic objective criteria. We present a retrospective study of 48 patients who underwent surgical correction (extended Cincinnati type "a la carte" approach) in our department with an average of 17 years' follow-up. Patients were interviewed and completed a validated disease specific instrument, which evaluates foot function as well as patients' satisfaction, the use of orthotics, shoe size, and the impact of this operation in their adult life. Parameters such as gender, age at first surgery, side affected, and the number of procedures were also studied. According to our findings, the greater the age at last surgery, the worse the outcome. Quality-of-life issues were expressed at a higher rate among women and by patients that underwent multiple surgeries. Unilateral correction has a correlation with the shoe size. Even if a "successful" surgical correction is achieved, residual symptoms may alter walking ability, self-image, and shoe wearing in adult life. It would be valuable to continue to follow these patients up over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, Level IV: Case series.
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Symeonidis
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece delartas@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christodoulou
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Evaggelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mareti
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Areti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eleftherochorinou
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Syrmatenia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gkourani
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mbeslikas
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kyrkos
mesh_terms: D003025:Clubfoot / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D061826:Foot Orthoses; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cincinnati approach; clubfoot; congenital talipes equinovarus; disease-specific instrument; patient-reported outcome