title: A New Differential Diagnosis: Synthetic Cannabinoids-Associated Acute Renal Failure.
abstract: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are herbal blends that use plant material with varying concentrations of synthetic analogues of cannabinoids. These products are sold as incense or potpourri and are labeled "Not for human use." Even so, rates of abuse are rapidly increasing worldwide, especially in the young adult population. An extensive network of users exists, and the products can easily be ordered on the Internet under various brand names, including the most popular ones, "K2" and "Spice." Not much is known about their spectrum of toxicity and no specific antidote is available at present. Renal failure is a rare complication associated with SC abuse. We describe a case of acute kidney injury associated with use of SCs and present a review of the current literature, including the history and some key pharmacologic and epidemiologic findings related to synthetic cannabinoid compounds.
authors.affiliation: Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Vineet S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Gudsoorkar
authors.affiliation: Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Perez
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000150:complications*; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids; D013287:Illicit Drugs
keywords: Spice; acute kidney injury; synthetic cannabionoid