title: Increasing N200 Potentials Via Visual Stimulus Depicting Humanoid Robot Behavior.
abstract: Achieving recognizable visual event-related potentials plays an important role in improving the success rate in telepresence control of a humanoid robot via N200 or P300 potentials. The aim of this research is to intensively investigate ways to induce N200 potentials with obvious features by flashing robot images (images with meaningful information) and by flashing pictures containing only solid color squares (pictures with incomprehensible information). Comparative studies have shown that robot images evoke N200 potentials with recognizable negative peaks at approximately 260 ms in the frontal and central areas. The negative peak amplitudes increase, on average, from 1.2 μV, induced by flashing the squares, to 6.7 μV, induced by flashing the robot images. The data analyses support that the N200 potentials induced by the robot image stimuli exhibit recognizable features. Compared with the square stimuli, the robot image stimuli increase the average accuracy rate by 9.92%, from 83.33% to 93.25%, and the average information transfer rate by 24.56 bits/min, from 72.18 bits/min to 96.74 bits/min, in a single repetition. This finding implies that the robot images might provide the subjects with more information to understand the visual stimuli meanings and help them more effectively concentrate on their mental activities.
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mengfan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.|2 Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, California State University, 9001 Stockdale Highway, Bakersfield, California 93311, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 3 McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.|4 Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Ave, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huihui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Content; N200; P300; mind-controlled robot; visual stimulus