title: A case of mushroom-shaped anaplastic oligodendroglioma resembling meningioma and arteriovenous malformation: Inadequacies of diagnostic imaging.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most widely discussed and clinically employed method for the differential diagnosis of oligodendrogliomas; however, MRI occasionally produces unclear results that can hinder a definitive oligodendroglioma diagnosis. The present study describes the case of a 34-year-old man that suffered from headache and right upper-extremity weakness for 2 months. Based on the presurgical evaluation, it was suggested that the patient had a World Health Organization (WHO) grade II-II glioma, meningioma or arteriovenous malformation (AVM), with unclear radiological manifestations. Postsurgical pathological assessment confirmed the tumor to be an anaplastic oligodendroglioma (WHO grade III). This case is notable due to the confusing radiological manifestation of a mushroom-shaped anaplastic oligodendroglioma in the parietal-temporal-occipital region, which provided a potential source of misdiagnosis for meningioma and AVM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China ; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Fuxing Hospital, The Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100038, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yaoling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X U
authors.initials: XU
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Minghai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Fuxing Hospital, The Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100038, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang'en
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ningwei
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Che
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
keywords: anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; arteriovenous malformations; calcification; gliomas; meningioma; mushroom-shaped growth; peritumoral edema