title: Cognitive Function and 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography of White Matter Hyperintensities in Elderly Persons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study used 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tractography to determine if there was an association between tracts crossing white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cognitive function in elderly persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion tensor MRI scans were acquired in participants above the age of 60 years. Twenty-six persons had WMH identified on T2 FLAIR scans. They completed a battery of neuropsychological tests and were classified as normal controls (n = 15) or with Alzheimer's dementia (n = 11). Tractography was generated by the Fiber Assignment by Continuous Tracking method. All tracts that crossed WMH were segmented. The average fractional anisotropy and average mean diffusivity of these tracts were quantified. We studied the association between cognitive test scores with the average mean diffusivity and average fractional anisotropy of tracts while controlling for age, total WMH volume and diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increased mean diffusivity of tracts crossing WMH was associated with worse performance on the Wechsler Memory Scale-III Longest Span Forward (p = 0.02). There was no association between the fractional anisotropy of tracts and performance on cognitive testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mean diffusivity of tracts crossing WMH measured by tractography is a novel correlate of performance on the Wechsler Memory Scale-III Longest Span Forward in elderly persons.
authors.affiliation: Memory Clinics, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reginold
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Angela C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Luedke
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Justine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itorralba
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reginold
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Memory Clinics, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ont., Canada ; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia
keywords: Cognitive function; Diffusion tensor imaging; Tractography; White matter hyperintensities