title: Studer Orthotopic Neobladder: A Modified Surgical Technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a modified technique for orthotopic ileal neobladder preparation. The Studer technique is the method most frequently used worldwide and seems to be an ideal reconstructive solution after radical cystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  After radical cystectomy, urinary diversion is attained by means of a detubulized ileal segment. About 40 cm are used to create the reservoir and 15 cm for a tubular afferent limb. A spheroidal-shaped reservoir is then obtained with a conic distal part that will be anastomized to the urethral stump. After the reconstructive part, the neobladder and the afferent limb are attached to the levator ani and psoas muscles, respectively. Postoperative results on a series of 36 patients are reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final shape of the reservoir was roughly spherical. A small amount of anastomotic strictures was registered. Renal function was not impaired after surgery, even at late follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even if the Studer technique is already well described, we believe that our technical changes may improve urinary tract restoration, and potentially decrease complications typical of urinary orthotopic diversion. Further cases are required to confirm possible advantages of the modified technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sighinolfi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. Electronic address: gmo.pirola@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Giacomo Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Pirola
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Micali
mesh_terms: D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent