title: Experimental animal models and inflammatory cellular changes in cerebral ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
abstract: Stroke, including cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, is the leading cause of long-term disability and death worldwide. Animal models have greatly contributed to our understanding of the risk factors and the pathophysiology of stroke, as well as the development of therapeutic strategies for its treatment. Further development and investigation of experimental models, however, are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of stroke and to enhance and expand novel therapeutic targets. In this article, we provide an overview of the characteristics of commonly-used animal models of stroke and focus on the inflammatory responses to cerebral stroke, which may provide insights into a framework for developing effective therapies for stroke in humans.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China. jieli@neuro.hfh.edu.|Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. jieli@neuro.hfh.edu.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.|Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chopp
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. yantao78@hotmail.com.|Department of Gerontology, Tianjin Gerontology Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China. yantao78@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jieli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: animal model; hemorrhagic stroke; inflammatory cells; ischemic stroke