title: Interlocked Intramedullary Nail Without Fluoroscopy.
abstract: Surgical Implant Generation Network (SIGN) was founded 15 years ago to create equality of fracture care throughout the world. This is done by education and supply of the appropriate implants and instruments to implement the education. SIGN implants have been used in 150,000 long bone fractures in developing countries. The same implants and instruments are used to provide intramedullary nail interlocking screw fixation in the tibia, femur, and humerus. The design of SIGN implants and the surgical technique are described.
authors.affiliation: SIGN Fracture Care International, 451 Hills Street, Suite B, Richland, WA 99354, USA. Electronic address: lewis.zirkle@signfracturecare.org.
authors.forename: Lewis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Zirkle
authors.affiliation: Rehman Medical Institute, House 146, Street 7, Sector P-1, Phase 4, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Faseeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shahab
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lady Reading Hospital, House 146, Street 7, Sector P-1, Phase 4, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.lastname: Shahabuddin
mesh_terms: D001858:Bone Nails; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D004867:Equipment Design; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000193:education / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000193:education; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Appropriate implants; Education; Fluoroscopy; Interlocked intramedullary nail; SIGN family of surgeons; Visual versus tactile sense