title: Comparison of clinicopathologic features and survival between eastern and western population with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the major histologic subtype of esophageal cancer, characterized by a high mortality rate and geographic differences in incidences. It is unknown whether there is difference between "eastern" ESCC and "western" ESCC. This study is attempted to demonstrate the hypothesis by comparing ESCC between Chinese residents and Caucasians living in the US.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data sources of this study are from United States SEER limited-use database and Shanghai Cancer Registries by Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control (SMCDC). Consecutive, non-selected patients with pathologically diagnosed ESCC, between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2006, were included in this analysis. 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival estimates were computed and compared between two populations. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine factors affecting survival differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1,718 Chinese, 1,624 Caucasians ESCC patients with individual American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging information were included in this study. The Caucasian group had a significantly higher proportion of female patients than Chinese (38.24% vs. 18.68% P<0.01). ESCC was diagnosed in Chinese patients at an earlier age and stage than Caucasians. Generally, Chinese patients had similar overall survival rate with Caucasian by both univariate and multivariate analysis. Overall survival was significantly worse only in male Caucasians compared to Chinese patients (median survival time, 12.4 vs. 14.5 months, P<0.01, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESCC from eastern and western countries might have some different features. These differences need to be taken into account for the management of ESCC patients in different ethnic groups.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Yizhou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Chunxiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Sufeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Kuaile
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Yangle
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luketich
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China ; 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 3 Department of Cancer Control & Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China ; 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200032, China ; 5 Department of Radiotherapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China ; 6 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Haiquan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); prognostic factors; race; survival