title: Bridging barriers to clinic-based HIV testing with new technology: translating self-implemented testing for African American youth.
abstract: Numerous barriers to clinic-based HIV testing exist (e.g., stigmatization) for African American youth. These barriers may be addressed by new technology, specifically HIV self-implemented testing (SIT). We conducted a series of formative phase 3 translation studies (49 face-to-face interviews, 9 focus groups, 1 advisory panel review) among low-income African American youth (15-19 years) and providers of adolescent services in two US cities to identify potential translation difficulties of the OraQuick SIT. Based on content analysis, we found that providers and African American youth viewed SITs positively compared to clinic-based testing. Data suggest that SITs may reduce social stigma and privacy concerns and increase convenience and normalization of HIV testing. Challenges with SIT implementation include difficulties accessing confirmatory testing, coping with adverse outcomes, and instructional materials that may be inappropriate for low socioeconomic status (SES) persons. Study results underscore the need for translation studies to identify specific comprehension and implementation problems African American youth may have with oral SITs.
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA ; School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, 401 Waldo Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Catania
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dolcini
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Dowhower
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychology and Sociology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR USA.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Dolcini-Catania
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Towner
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Timmons
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL USA.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Motley
authors.affiliation: DePaul Family and Community Services, Chicago, IL USA.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Tyler
keywords: Fidelity; HIV self-implemented testing; Implementation; Phase 3 studies