title: A parallel curriculum in lifestyle medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Less than 50 per cent of US primary care doctors routinely provide guidance to their patients on lifestyle behaviours such as diet, physical activity or weight control, despite the prediction by the World Health Organization that by 2020, two-thirds of disease worldwide will be the result of poor lifestyle choices. This gap in patient-clinician dialogue is perhaps the result of a lack of structured training in medical school surrounding the components of lifestyle medicine.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although Harvard Medical School does have a required course in nutrition, there are no requirements for the other components of lifestyle medicine, including physical activity, behaviour change and self-care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 2009 Harvard Medical School has addressed this absence in the curriculum by developing a student-led, faculty member-advised, parallel curriculum in lifestyle medicine. Medical student participants were invited to take part in anonymous questionnaires between 2009 and 2013, which gathered data about personal ability and attitude in counselling patients on lifestyle behaviours, as well as subjective data on the curriculum content and applications to effective medical practice. Less than 50 per cent of US primary care doctors routinely provide guidance to their patients on lifestyle behaviours IMPLICATION: Each year, students have pointed to a lack of lifestyle medicine knowledge because of a gap in the traditional curriculum surrounding topics such as physical activity, nutrition and behaviour-change strategies, and indicated that the inclusion of this knowledge and these skills was an important component of medical education. Although participation is currently voluntary, this is the first such curriculum of this type and addresses a critical gap in undergraduate medical education.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Rachele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pojednic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frates
mesh_terms: D003376:Counseling / Q000193:education; D003479:Curriculum; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior