title: Eco-friendly Energy Storage System: Seawater and Ionic Liquid Electrolyte.
abstract: As existing battery technologies struggle to meet the requirements for widespread use in the field of large-scale energy storage, novel concepts are urgently needed concerning batteries that have high energy densities, low costs, and high levels of safety. Here, a novel eco-friendly energy storage system (ESS) using seawater and an ionic liquid is proposed for the first time; this represents an intermediate system between a battery and a fuel cell, and is accordingly referred to as a hybrid rechargeable cell. Compared to conventional organic electrolytes, the ionic liquid electrolyte significantly enhances the cycle performance of the seawater hybrid rechargeable system, acting as a very stable interface layer between the Sn-C (Na storage) anode and the NASICON (Na3 Zr2 Si2 PO12) ceramic solid electrolyte, making this system extremely promising for cost-efficient and environmentally friendly large-scale energy storage.
authors.affiliation: School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea.|Department of Solar & Energy Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 360-764, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemistry I, Helmholtzstr. 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.|Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.affiliation: School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyojin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemistry I, Helmholtzstr. 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Sangsik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemistry I, Helmholtzstr. 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany. stefano.passerini@kit.edu.|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany. stefano.passerini@kit.edu.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Passerini
authors.affiliation: School of Energy & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea. ykim@unist.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Youngsik
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D052578:Ionic Liquids
keywords: energy storage system; ionic liquid; rechargeable; seawater; sodium