title: Examining Health Care Costs: Opportunities to Provide Value in the Intensive Care Unit.
abstract: As health care costs threaten the economic stability of American society, increasing pressures to focus on value-based health care have led to the development of protocols for fast-track cardiac surgery and for delirium management. Critical care services can be led by anesthesiologists with the goal of improving ICU outcomes and at the same time decreasing the rising cost of ICU medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3580, Stanford, CA 94305-5640, USA. Electronic address: Bevchang02@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Beverly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3580, Stanford, CA 94305-5640, USA.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3580, Stanford, CA 94305-5640, USA; Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3580, Stanford, CA 94305-5640, USA.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macario
mesh_terms: D003422:Critical Care / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005102:Health Expenditures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States
keywords: Critical care costs; Delirium and ABCDE bundle; Fast-track cardiac surgery; Measuring health care costs; US health care costs