title: Artificial pleural effusion in percutaneous microwave ablation of hepatic tumors near the diaphragm under the guidance of ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of artificial pleural effusion in percutaneous microwave ablation of hepatic tumors near the diaphragm under ultrasound guidance.
  
  
  METHODS
  For localization and navigation of tumors near the dome of the diaphragm by ultrasound during microwave ablation in 14 tumors of 11 cases, artificial pleural effusion was performed in the volume of 1000~1500 ml of Normal saline or 5% Glucose injection solution via the right thoracic cavity. The tumor marker, AFP was monitored before and after operation in 6 times in a period of 2 years. We analyzed the successful rate and effectiveness of artificial pleural effusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The successful rate of artificial pleural effusion was 100% without complications. Artificial hydrothorax on the right eliminated the interference of intrapulmonary gas to the visualization of hepatic tumors near the diaphragm on ultrasound. In the follow-up of 2 years, the ablation rate reached to 92.9% with no serious complications. The AFP value before operation was in significant statistical difference with the others after operation (P = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Artificial pleural effusion aids the visualization of hepatic tumors near the diaphragm on ultrasound. A good therapeutic effectiveness can be reached in percutaneous microwave ablation of tumors in the hepatic dome under the guidance of ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Shandong Univeristy, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Xuehong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
keywords: Artificial pleural effusion; guidance; hepatic tumors; microwave ablation; ultrasound