title: Evaluation of the effects of nano-TiO2 on bioactivity and mechanical properties of nano bioglass-P3HB composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: To emulate bone structure, porous composite scaffold with suitable mechanical properties should be designed. In this research the effects of nano-titania (nTiO2) on the bioactivity and mechanical properties of nano-bioglass-poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (nBG/P3HB)-composite scaffold were evaluated. First, nBG powder was prepared by melting method of pure raw materials at a temperature of 1400 °C and then the porous ceramic scaffold of nBG/nTiO2 with 30 wt% of nBG containing different weight ratios of nTiO2 (3, 6, and 9 wt% of nTiO2 with grain size of 35-37 nm) was prepared by using polyurethane sponge replication method. Then the scaffolds were coated with P3HB in order to increase the scaffold's mechanical properties. Mechanical strength and modulus of scaffolds were improved by adding nTiO2 to nBG scaffold and adding P3HB to nBG/nTiO2 composite scaffold. The results of the compressive strength and porosity tests showed that the best scaffold is 30 wt% of nBG with 6 wt% of nTiO2 composite scaffold immersed for 30 s in P3HB with 79.5-80 % of porosity in 200-600 μm, with a compressive strength of 0.15 MPa and a compressive modulus of 30 MPa, which is a good candidate for bone tissue engineering. To evaluate the bioactivity of the scaffold, the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution was used. The best scaffold with 30 wt% of nBG, 6 wt% of P3HB and 6 wt% of nTiO2 was immersed in SBF for 4 weeks at an incubation temperature of 37 °C. The bioactivity of the scaffolds was characterized by AAS, SEM, EDXA and XRD. The results of bioactivity showed that bone-like apatite layer formed well at scaffold surface and adding nTiO2 to nBG/P3HB composite scaffold helped increase the bioactivity rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Nuclear Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Sanaz Soleymani Eil
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bakhtiyari
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Group, Advance Medical Technology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. karbasi@med.mui.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karbasi
authors.affiliation: Department of Material Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahbobeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montazeri
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005898:Glass; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium