title: Insights into the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinomas with hepatobiliary MRI.
abstract: The incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) has increased worldwide in line with an improved screening by high-resolution imaging of cirrhotic livers. Besides abdominal ultrasonography and computerised tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important tool to detect HCCs. With commercialisation of MR hepatobiliary contrast agents that cross membrane transporters in hepatocytes or tumour cells, MRI adds new information to detect and characterise HCCs. When tumour cells lose organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP1B1/B3) in cell membranes facing sinusoidal blood, tumours appear hypointense (decreased contrast agent concentrations) in comparison to surrounding normal or cirrhotic liver that retains OATP1B1/B3 expression. However, expression, regulation, and prognostic significance of transporter evolution along carcinogenesis are not completely known. Moreover, understanding signal intensities in focal lesions also relies on transport functions of cellular efflux transporters. This manuscript reviews all the publications that associate liver imaging with hepatobiliary contrast agents and expression of transporters. The regulation of transporters along carcinogenesis to anticipate the prognosis of focal lesions is also included.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val-de-Seine, Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy, France; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vilgrain
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val-de-Seine, Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy, France; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Inserm U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bernard E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Van Beers
authors.affiliation: University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Département d'imagerie et des sciences de l'information médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: catherine.pastor@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pastor
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D027381:Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1 / Q000032:analysis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D029362:Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent / Q000032:analysis; D000074542:Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D027381:Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D029362:Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent; D000074542:Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3; D051176:beta Catenin; C503999:SLCO1B1 protein, human; C421209:SLCO1B3 protein, human; C114462:multidrug resistance-associated protein 3
keywords: Hepatobiliary MRI; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hepatocyte transporters