title: A comparison of calisthenic and cycle exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of calisthenic and cycle exercises with no exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven participants were allocated to either a cycle or calisthenic exercise or control group. Outcome measures, including Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire, pulmonary functions, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, Fitness Testing, and Hospital Anxiety-Depression, Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea, Fatigue Severity, Fatigue Impact Scales, were performed before and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The change in VE/VCO2 significantly differed (p = 0.01) between two exercise groups. Physical fitness, quality of life, anxiety-depression, dyspnea and fatigue changed significantly in exercise groups, with no between-group differences. There were no significant improvements in control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calisthenics are as safe and effective as cycle exercise and could be included in comprehensive treatment programs.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences , Baskent University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duruturk
authors.affiliation: b Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arıkan
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine , Baskent University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Gaye
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ulubay
authors.affiliation: d Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine , Baskent University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa Agah
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tekindal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001642:Bicycling; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005221:Fatigue; D005260:Female; D006173:Gymnastics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011584:Psychology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D011788:Quality of Life
keywords: COPD; Calisthenics; cycle exercise training; exercise testing; quality of life