title: Stink bug predator kills prey with salivary non-proteinaceous compounds.
abstract: Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a predator insect with potential applications in biological control because both nymphs and adults have been shown to prey on other insect pests by injection of toxic salivary gland contents. This study identified non-proteinaceous compounds with insecticidal activity from the saliva of P. nigrispinus in Anticarsia gemmatalis. In particular, the ether extract from P. nigrispinus saliva led to mortality in A. gemmatalis larvae, with a LC50 = 2.04 μL and LC90 = 3.27 μL. N,N-dimethylaniline and 1,2,5-trithiepane fractions were identified as non-proteinaceous extract components. N,N-dimethylaniline had a LC50 = 136.1 nL and LC90 = 413.8 nL, suggesting that it could be responsible for toxicity in P. nigrispinus saliva.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: lc.martinez@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Luis Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 69077-000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Electronic address: mcqfialho@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria do Carmo Queiroz
authors.initials: Mdo C
authors.lastname: Fialho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: lcab@ufv.br.
authors.forename: Luiz Claudio Almeida
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Licursi
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: zanuncio@ufv.br.
authors.forename: José Cola
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zanuncio
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: jeserrao@ufv.br.
authors.forename: José Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Serrão
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001180:Arthropod Venoms / Q000633:toxicity*; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000502:physiology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007915:Lepidoptera; D011235:Predatory Behavior; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001180:Arthropod Venoms; D007306:Insecticides
keywords: 1,2,5-Trithiepane; Asopinae; Hemiptera; N,N-Dimethylaniline; Salivary glands; Venom