title: A Comparative Study of Topical Mitomycin C, Cyclosporine, and Bevacizumab after Primary Pterygium Surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the recurrence rates and complications associated with instillation of topical mitomycin C, cyclosporine, and bevacizumab after primary pterygium surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 2013 and June 2014, we performed surgery using the bare sclera method on 132 eyes (132 patients) with primary pterygium. We randomly selected 33 eyes (33 patients) and treated them with artificial tears four times a day for three months, 29 eyes (29 patients) were treated with topical 0.02% mitomycin C four times a day for five days, 34 eyes (34 patients) were treated with topical 0.05% cyclosporine four times a day for three months, and 36 eyes (36 patients) were treated with topical 2.5% bevacizumab four times a day for three months after surgery. We prospectively determined the recurrence rates of pterygium and complications at the six-month follow-up examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At six months after surgery, the recurrence rates in each group were as follows: 45.5% (15 eyes) in the control group, 10.3% (three eyes) in the mitomycin C group, 20.6% (seven eyes) in the cyclosporine group, and 41.7% (15 eyes) in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.004). No serious complications, except subconjunctival hemorrhages, were observed in any group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Groups receiving topical 0.02% mitomycin C and 0.05% cyclosporine after surgery showed lower recurrence rates than the control group; however, no difference in recurrence rate was observed between the control group and the group receiving topical 2.5% bevacizumab after surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Shinyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangkyung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002452:Cell Count; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011625:Pterygium / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D016685:Mitomycin; D016572:Cyclosporine
keywords: Bevacizumab; Cyclosporine; Mitomycin C; Primary pterygium; Recurrence rates