title: Clinical Strategy for Optimal Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Herbal Dose Selection in Disease Therapeutics: Expert Consensus on Classic TCM Herbal Formula Dose Conversion.
abstract: The clinical therapeutics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutes a complicated process which involves theory, diagnosis, and formula prescription with specific herbal dosage. Zhang Zhong-Jing's classic work, Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases, has been influencing TCM practice for almost 2000 years. However, during this extended period of time in Chinese history, the Chinese weight measurement system experienced noticeable changes. This change in the weight measurement system inevitably, and perhaps even negatively, affected TCM herbal dosage determination and treatment outcome. Thus, in modern society, a full understanding of the accuracy of herbal dose selection has a critical importance in the TCM daily practice of delivering the best treatment to the patients suffering from different illnesses. In the 973 Project of the Chinese National Basic Research Program, expert consensus on classic TCM formula dose conversion has been reached based on extensive literature review and discussion on the dose-effect relationship of classic TCM formulas. One "liang" in classic TCM formulas is equivalent to 13.8 g. However, based on many TCM basic and clinical studies of variable herbal formula prescriptions and herbal drug preparations, the rule of one liang equals 13.8 g should be adjusted according to different disease conditions. Recommended by the committee on TCM formula dose-effect relationship of the China Association of Chinese Medicine and the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, the following expert consensus has been reached: (i) One liang converts to 6-9 g for the severely and critically ill patients. (ii) One liang converts to 3-6 g for the patients suffering from chronic diseases. (iii) One liang converts to 1-3 g in preventive medicine. The above conversions should be used as a future TCM practice guideline. Using this recommended guideline should enhance the effectiveness of daily TCM practice.
authors.affiliation: * Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: * Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Li-Sha
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: * Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Mei
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: * Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: * Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Hang-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: † Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Li-Peng
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: * Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D054796:Drug Dosage Calculations; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008792:Metric System; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014894:Weights and Measures
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal
keywords: Classic Formula; Dosage; Dose-Effect Relationship; Herbal Dose Conversion; Herbal Medicine; TCM