title: Novel targets for natural killer/T-cell lymphoma immunotherapy.
abstract: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (NKTL) is a rare but highly aggressive Epstein-Barr virus-related malignancy, which mainly occurs in nasopharyngeal and nasal/paranasal areas. In addition to its high prevalence in Asian, Central American and South American populations, its incidence rate has been gradually increasing in Western countries. The current mainstay of treatment is a combination of multiple chemotherapies and irradiation. Although chemoradiotherapy can cure NKTL, it often causes severe and fatal adverse events. Because a growing body of evidence suggests that immunotherapy is effective against hematological malignancies, this treatment could provide an alternative to chemoradiotherapy for treatment of NKTL. In this review, we focus on how recent findings could be used to develop efficient immunotherapies against NKTL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.|Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-East 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harabuchi
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D054391:Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019496:Cancer Vaccines
keywords: CCR4; Epstein–Barr virus; c-Met; chemokine; immunotherapy; mutation; natural killer/T-cell lymphoma; peptide vaccine