title: Long-term clinical results of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation to correct myopia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine whether implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation to correct myopia is an effective and safe surgical option even after long-term follow up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective observational study was carried out.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 281 eyes of 145 myopic patients were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients underwent ICL implantation and had the follow-up period of at least 5 years (87 ± 18.9 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome measures included uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities, refraction for the evaluation of efficacy, safety, stability and predictability, ICL vault and adverse events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final mean logMAR uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities were 0.02 ± 0.19 and -0.12 ± 0.13, respectively. The mean efficacy and safety indices were 1.04 ± 0.32 and 1.20 ± 0.26. The mean spherical equivalent decreased from -8.74 ± 2.27 diopter (D) to -0.58 ± 0.72 D, and there was high predictability with 69.8% and 87.2% having a postoperative refraction within 0.5 D and 1.0 D, respectively. The mean postoperative vault was changed from 2.53 ± 0.6 to 2.00 ± 0.7. Six (2.1%) eyes developed cataract, and the mean endothelial cell loss was 7.8 ± 8.3%. Increased intraocular pressure was found in two (0.7%) eyes that required the exchange of lenses with different sizes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implantable collamer lens implantation to correct myopia was an effective and safe surgery with high predictability and stability during long-term follow up. Slight myopic shift and cataract formation related with change in vault should be further evaluated.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea.|Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongsoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: BalGunNun Eye Clinic, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Younghee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: BalGunNun Eye Clinic, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Saekwang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: BalGunNun Eye Clinic, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungae
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kosin University, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Seunguk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea.|Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jonghun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea.|Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D054120:Phakic Intraocular Lenses; D057972:Posterior Eye Segment / Q000601:surgery; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: implantable collamer lens (ICL); myopia; phakic intraocular lens (IOL)