title: Association between Pneumocystis spp. and co-infections with Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in Austrian pigs with pneumonia.
abstract: In this retrospective study, 218 pig lung tissue samples were analyzed to examine a possible association between Pneumocystis spp. using in situ hybridization, Bordetella bronchiseptica (B.b.) using immunohistochemistry (IHC), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.h.) by quantitative PCR, and Pasteurella multocida (P.m.; IHC). Compared to the bacterial agents (B.b., 5%; M.h., 30%; P.m., 23%), Pneumocystis occurred with a higher prevalence (51%). Co-infections with two or three pathogens were present in 28% of the examined cases. Those of Pneumocystis and M.h. were most commonly seen, followed by Pneumocystis and P.m. and M.h. and P.m. Histologically, interstitial pneumonia was found in both the Pneumocystis positive lungs and lungs with a mild M.h. infection. The B.b. and P.m. positive lungs were mainly associated with suppurative bronchopneumonia and severe M.h. cases with fibrinous or fibrino-haemorrhagic pneumonia. In suckling piglets, the number of samples positive for Pneumocystis predominated, whereas samples from fattening pigs were mainly positive for bacteria or Pneumocystis and bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Vojvode Toze 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kureljušić
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: christiane.weissenbacher-lang@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weissenbacher-Lang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nedorost
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stixenberger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weissenböck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016950:Bordetella bronchiseptica; D060085:Coinfection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D045705:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; D016979:Pasteurella multocida; D011010:Pneumocystis; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: Bacterial co-infections; Histological lung lesions; Pig; Pneumocystis spp.; Prevalence