title: [Causes of perioperative pain and the pain management in total knee arthroplasty].
abstract: Total knee arthroplasty has become one of the effective operation methods on end-stage knee osteoarthritis. However,the postoperative pain has been plaguing the clinicians. The cause of postoperative pain can be divided into iatrogenic, prosthesis and patient. Pain treatment in perioperative period includes preoperative education, analgesia in advance, and the selection and design of reinforcement; during operation mainly includes the appropriate surgical approach, keep the balance of soft tissue around the knee joint, cocktail analgesia pain around the knee joint; after operation mainly includes oral analgesic drugs, femoral nerve tissue and patient controlled analgesia. And the multimodal analgesi.a which is the analgesic methods combined application in perioperative period raised in resent years fully intervene the pain in perioperative period,so that it can effectively reduce the pain of patients after knee replacement, promote the patients do functional exercise more better and get better operation result.
authors.forename: Xiao-di
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Pin-pin
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gui-shan
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D006801:Humans; D009407:Nerve Block; D059408:Pain Management; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*