title: Electrophoretic separation techniques and their hyphenation to mass spectrometry in biological inorganic chemistry.
abstract: Electrophoretic methods have been widely applied in research on the roles of metal complexes in biological systems. In particular, CE, often hyphenated to a sensitive MS detector, has provided valuable information on the modes of action of metal-based pharmaceuticals, and more recently new methods have been added to the electrophoretic toolbox. The range of applications continues to expand as a result of enhanced CE-to-MS interfacing, with sensitivity often at picomolar level, and evolved separation modes allowing for innovative sample analysis. This article is a followup to previous reviews about CE methods in metallodrug research (Electrophoresis, 2003, 24, 2023-2037; Electrophoresis, 2007, 28, 3436-3446; Electrophoresis, 2012, 33, 622-634), also providing a comprehensive overview of metal species studied by electrophoretic methods hyphenated to MS. It highlights the latest CE developments, takes a sneak peek into gel electrophoresis, traces biomolecule labeling, and focuses on the importance of early-stage drug development.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Holtkamp
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.|Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Gerlinde
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grabmann
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Christian G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hartinger
mesh_terms: D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D015393:Chemistry, Bioinorganic / Q000379:methods*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds
keywords: Biological inorganic chemistry; Biomolecule interaction; Capillary and gel electrophoresis; Mass spectrometry; Metal-based drugs