title: 3D-printed PCL scaffolds for the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tissue engineering is a field which is currently under a great deal of investigation for the development and/or restoration of tissue and organs, through the combination of cell therapy with biomaterials. Rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing is a versatile technology which makes possible the fabrication of three dimensional (3D) structures from a wide range of materials with complex geometry and accuracy, such as scaffolds.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study has been to investigate the interaction between mesenchymal stem cells with poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) biomaterials used for obtaining scaffolds through additive manufacturing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and biological assays were performed to analyse the successful interaction between the cells and the biomaterials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a result, the number of viable cells attached to the scaffolds was lower when compared to the control group; however, it was possible to observe cells in the scaffolds since day 1 of analysis, with regions of confluence after 21 days of seeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To conclude, these biomaterials are interesting if used as medical artifacts, principally in tissue with prolonged regeneration time and which requires 3D supports with good mechanical properties.
authors.affiliation: Post-graduation Program of Biological Science - Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.|Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steffens
authors.affiliation: Division of 3D Technologies, Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), Campinas, São Paulo - Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Alvarenga
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rezende
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Santi
authors.affiliation: Division of 3D Technologies, Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), Campinas, São Paulo - Brazil.
authors.forename: Frederico David Alencar de Sena
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Division of 3D Technologies, Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), Campinas, São Paulo - Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Inforçatti Neto
authors.affiliation: Division of 3D Technologies, Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI), Campinas, São Paulo - Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge Vicente Lopes
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Post-graduation Program of Biological Science - Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.|Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.|Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pranke
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone