title: Dietary under-reporting: what foods and which meals are typically under-reported?
abstract: Little objective information exists regarding which foods and meals are typically under-reported during retrospective self-reported dietary assessments. Automated wearable cameras record dietary behaviours in free-living settings and allow the context of under-reporting to be explored. As part of a study to validate image-assisted dietary assessment, 40 participants wore a wearable camera on days before three image-assisted 24-h dietary recalls. The foods and meals were typically under-reported, and the environmental and social contexts of under-reporting were assessed. Under-reporting occurred most frequently during afternoon snacks (75/265 foods), dinner (54/265 foods) and breakfast (44/265 foods). Snack foods were most frequently unreported during afternoon snacks, and condiments were most frequently under-reported at breakfasts. No clear pattern of social or environmental contexts for under-reporting was observed. Wearable cameras can identify when specific foods are likely to be under-reported during retrospective dietary assessments. Problematic foods and meals identified could be given additional attention during dietary assessments.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gemming
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ni Mhurchu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015982:Bias; D000068598:Data Accuracy; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D011939:Mental Recall; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D062410:Snacks