title: Serum Metabolomics to Identify the Liver Disease-Specific Biomarkers for the Progression of Hepatitis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy that has region specific etiologies. Unfortunately, 85% of cases of HCC are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC are urgently required to reduced mortality and therapeutic expenditure. We established a non-targeted gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) metabolomics method in conjunction with Random Forests (RF) analysis based on 201 serum samples from healthy controls (NC), hepatitis B virus (HBV), liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC patients to explore the metabolic characteristics in the progression of hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Ultimately, 15 metabolites were identified intimately associated with the process. Phenylalanine, malic acid and 5-methoxytryptamine for HBV vs. NC, palmitic acid for LC vs. HBV, and asparagine and β-glutamate for HCC vs. LC were screened as the liver disease-specific potential biomarkers with an excellent discriminant performance. All the metabolic perturbations in these liver diseases are associated with pathways for energy metabolism, macromolecular synthesis, and maintaining the redox balance to protect tumor cells from oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, the General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
authors.forename: Huiguo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, the General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chengjin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Fangting
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Xianzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor