title: Focal choroidal excavation: Clinical findings and complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical findings and its complications in 2 patients with focal choroidal excavation (FCE).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case-series including 4 eyes of 2 patients with FCE that underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including slit-lamp examination, colour fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 2 patients, both the anterior and posterior segment evaluations were mostly normal despite the of presence yellowish spots in the macular area of the right eye of patient 1, and of a small yellowish elevated lesion with serous macular detachment in the macular area of the left eye in patient 2. At diagnosis, SD-OCT revealed a conforming FCE in patient 1, and in patient 2, an FCE with perilesional subretinal fluid and a neuroepithelium detachment, suspicious of FCE complicated with central serous retinopathy (CSCR). At one year of follow-up, patient 1 developed choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) over the focal choroidal excavation. FA and indocyanine green angiography examinations revealed areas with hypofluorescence in earlier frames, and a diffuse leakage in late frames. After ranibizumab injections, the SD-OCT of patient 1 revealed no active exudation, while patient 2 showed partial resolution of subretinal fluid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FCE is a newly described entity of unclear aetiology. It is characterised by a choroidal excavation in eyes, with absence of posterior staphyloma, scleral ectasia, trauma, or retinal disease. Although most lesions remain stable, there could be an association with CRSC or CNV.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España. Electronic address: veronicacastronavarro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castro Navarro
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montero Hernández
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Navarro Palop
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palomares Fort
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cervera Taulet
mesh_terms: D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy; D002829:Choroid / Q000002:abnormalities; D015862:Choroid Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Central serous chorioretinopathy; Choroidal neovascularisation; Coriorretinopatía serosa central; Excavación focal coroidea; Focal choroidal excavation; Neovascularización coroidea; Ranibizumab; Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography; Tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral