title: PEGylated Carbon Nanocapsule: A Universal Reactor and Carrier for In Vivo Delivery of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Nanoparticles.
abstract: We have developed PEGylated mesoporous carbon nanocapsule as a universal nanoreactor and carrier for the delivery of highly crystalline hydrophobic/hydrophilic nanoparticles (NPs) which shows superior biocompatibility, dispersion in body fluids, good biodistribution and NPs independent cellular uptake mechanism. The hydrophobic/hydrophilic NPs without surface modification were synthesized in situ inside the cavities of mesoporous carbon capsules (200-850 nm). Stable and inert nature of carbon capsules in a wide range of reaction conditions like high temperature and harsh solvents, make it suitable for being used as nano/microreactors for the syntheses of a variety of NPs for bioimaging applications, such as NaYF4:Eu(3+)(5%), LaVO4:Eu(3+)(10%), GdVO4:Eu(3+)(10%), Y2O3:Eu(3+)(5%), GdF3:Tb(3+)(10%), Mo, Pt, Pd, Au, and Ag. Multiple types of NPs (Y2O3:Eu(3+)(5%) (hydrophobic) and GdF3:Tb(3+)(10%) (hydrophilic)) were coloaded inside the carbon capsules to create a multimodal agent for magneto-fluorescence imaging. Our in vivo study clearly suggests that carbon capsules have biodistribution in many organs including liver, heart, spleen, lungs, blood pool, and muscles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Amritha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rammohan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Gargi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Binapani
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mahaling
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Lokesh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tayal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Ahana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
authors.affiliation: Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences , Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gambhir
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Thematic Unit of Excellence in Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.|Materials Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India.
authors.forename: Sri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivakumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D002244:Carbon; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013499:Surface Properties; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D053769:Nanocapsules; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Ln3+-doped nanoparticles; biodistribution; carbon capsules; multimodal-imaging; nano/microreactor; theranostics