title: Molecular characterisation of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from hospital and ambulatory patients in Germany.
abstract: The increase of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in hospitals and their emergence as intestinal colonisers of healthy humans is of concern. Transmission ways and the extent of spread of distinct E. coli clones or ESBL genes among humans and animals via the food chain or the environment is a matter of debate. In this study we determined ESBL genotypes in E. coli isolates (n=233) resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins from hospitals and medical practices using PCR and sequencing. Bacterial strain typing was performed by PCR-based phylogrouping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and a ST131-specific PCR. Results showed that CTX-M-15 (50.4%), CTX-M-1 (28.4%) and CTX-M-14 (5.6%) were the most common ESBL types. Especially, CTX-M-15 was associated with E. coli ST131 of phylogenetic group B2, which was the dominant sequence type among our isolates (35.8%). MLST typing revealed 40 different sequence types (STs), with ST131, ST410, ST10 and ST38 as the most prevalent ones. Our findings give an overview of the current distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from humans in Germany. E. coli O25b:H4-ST131 was confirmed to be the most common clone, which is known for its successful dissemination worldwide. Although heterogeneity among the isolates was found, several successful clones previously described in animals (ST410, ST10) also occurred in our isolate collection. Further detailed investigations of ESBL-producing isolates from different habitats are needed to evaluate possible transfer ways.
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, FG13 Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Wernigerode, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pietsch
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Halle, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eller
authors.affiliation: Labor Limbach, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Constanze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.affiliation: Labor Limbach, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holfelder
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Falgenhauer
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enterics, Wernigerode, Germany.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fruth
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, FG13 Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Wernigerode, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grössl
authors.affiliation: Charité University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Rasmus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leistner
authors.affiliation: Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valenza
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, FG13 Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Wernigerode, Germany.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, FG13 Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Wernigerode, Germany. Electronic address: pfeifery@rki.de.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
mesh_terms: D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005838:Genotype; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C055184:beta-lactamase TEM-3; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: CTX-M-15; Multidrug-resistance; Nosocomial infection; Phylogroup B2; ST131