title: Longitudinal assessment of the lung mechanics of very low birth weight preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prematurity has been correlated with altered lung mechanics. Some infants develop lung injury as a consequence of lung immaturity, invasive mechanical ventilation and exposure to oxygen, thus resulting in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The aim here was to compare the lung mechanics of preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia during the first year of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study in a tertiary-level hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included premature infants at a public hospital who underwent two pulmonary function tests: one at discharge and the other at the corrected age of 4 to 8 months. Tidal volume, lung compliance and lung resistance were measured. Statistical tests were used for comparisons between infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  102 children with mean gestational age of 29 ± 2.0 weeks were studied; 17 with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Lung compliance (0.84 ± 0.29 versus 1.28 ± 0.46; P < 0.001) and tidal volume (6.1 ± 0.94 versus 7.2 ± 1.43; P < 0.01) at discharge were significant lower in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia than in those without the disease, but no differences were observed at the second test (compliance: 1.53 ± 0.77 versus 1.94 ± 1.01; P = 0.12; and tidal volume: 6.9 ± 1.4 versus 7.3 ± 1.6; P = 0.42).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in lung mechanics were observed between infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia at hospital discharge but these differences were no longer detected at the final follow-up. The lung mechanics of all the infants improved over this period of time.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosane Reis de
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia Silveira da
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anniele Medeiros
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Roberto de Moraes
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ramos
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors