title: Intraoperative Fluids and Fluid Management for Ambulatory Dental Sedation and General Anesthesia.
abstract: Intravenous fluids are administered in virtually every parenteral sedation and general anesthetic. The purpose of this article is to review the physiology of body-water distribution and fluid dynamics at the vascular endothelium, evaluation of fluid status, calculation of fluid requirements, and the clinical rationale for the use of various crystalloid and colloid solutions. In the setting of elective dental outpatient procedures with minor blood loss, isotonic balanced crystalloid solutions are the fluids of choice. Colloids, on the other hand, have no use in outpatient sedation or general anesthesia for dental or minor oral surgery procedures but may have several desirable properties in long and invasive maxillofacial surgical procedures where advanced hemodynamic monitoring may assess the adequacy of intravascular volume.
authors.affiliation: Attending Dentist Anesthesiologist, SBH Health System, Bronx, New York, and Clinical Assistant Professor, Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saraghi
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods*; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods*; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015532:Rehydration Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D015532:Rehydration Solutions
keywords: Ambulatory; Colloids; Crystalloids; Dentistry; General anesthesia; Intravenous fluids; Sedation