title: Vitamin C intake and risk of renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.
abstract: Studies have showed that vitamin C intake is linked to renal cell carcinoma risk, however, the results were inconsistent. Hence, the present meta-analysis was to examine the association between vitamin C intake and RCC risk. We searched the published studies that reported the relationship between vitamin C intake and RCC risk using PubMed and Embase up to January 2015. Based on a fixed effects model, RR and the corresponding 95% CI were used to assess the pooled risk. 3 prospective cohort studies and 7 case-control studies were included. The overall RR (95% CI) of RCC for the highest vs. the lowest levels of vitamin C intake was 0.78(0.69,0.87). Little evidence of heterogeneity was found. In the subgroup analyses, we found an inverse association between vitamin C intake and RCC risk in the case-control studies but not in the prospective cohort studies. Additionally, this association between vitamin C intake and RCC risk was not differed by population distribution. Our study provides evidence that vitamin C intake is associated with a reduced RCC risk. However, our conclusion was just based on ten including studies, so more high-quality of case-control studies or cohort studies which report this topic are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of urology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China.
authors.forename: Qingling
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of urology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China.
authors.forename: Yonggang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Department of urology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China.
authors.forename: Xingyou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of urology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China.
authors.forename: Longkun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D017594:Publication Bias; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid