title: Nanoscale radiation transport and clinical beam modeling for gold nanoparticle dose enhanced radiotherapy (GNPT) using X-rays.
abstract: We review radiation transport and clinical beam modelling for gold nanoparticle dose-enhanced radiotherapy using X-rays. We focus on the nanoscale radiation transport and its relation to macroscopic dosimetry for monoenergetic and clinical beams. Among other aspects, we discuss Monte Carlo and deterministic methods and their applications to predicting dose enhancement using various metrics.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zygmanski
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Medical Physics Program, Lowell, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Erno
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sajo
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D036103:Nanotechnology; D011874:Radiometry; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D006046:Gold