title: Whole-body Response for Pedestrian Impact with a Generic Sedan Buck.
abstract: To serve as tools for assessing injury risk, the biofidelity of whole-body pedestrian impact dummies should be validated against reference data from full-scale pedestrian impact tests. To facilitate such evaluations, a simplified generic vehicle-buck has been recently developed that is designed to have characteristics representative of a generic small sedan. Three 40 km/h pedestrian-impact tests have been performed, wherein Post Mortem Human Surrogates (PMHS) were struck laterally in a mid-gait stance by the buck. Corridors for select trajectory measures derived from these tests have been published previously. The goal of this study is to act as a companion dataset to that study, describing the head velocities, body region accelerations (head, spine, pelvis, lower extremities), angular velocities, and buck interaction forces, and injuries observed during those tests. Scaled, transformed head accelerations exceeded 80 g prior to head contact with the windshield for two of the three tests. Head xaxis angular velocity exceeded 40 rad/s prior to head contact for all three tests. In all cases the peak resultant head velocity relative to the vehicle was greater than the initial impact speed of the vehicle. Corridors of resultant head velocity relative to the vehicle were also developed, bounded by the velocities observed in these tests combined with those predicted to occur if the PMHS necks were perfectly rigid. These results, along with the other kinematic and kinetic data presented, provide a resource for future pedestrian dummy development and evaluation.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Jason L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Hamad
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Joodaki
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forghani
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Patrick O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bollapragada
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lessley
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Overby
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heltzel
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kerrigan
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics.
authors.forename: Jeff R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Crandall
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yarboro
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069636:Pedestrians; D010388:Pelvis / Q000293:injuries; D013124:Spinal Injuries; D013898:Thoracic Injuries; D014947:Wounds and Injuries