title: MHC Class I Chain-Related Gene A Polymorphisms and Linkage Disequilibrium with HLA-B and HLA-C Alleles in Ocular Toxoplasmosis.
abstract: This study investigated whether polymorphisms of the MICA (major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A) gene are associated with eye lesions due to Toxoplasma gondii infection in a group of immunocompetent patients from southeastern Brazil. The study enrolled 297 patients with serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Participants were classified into two distinct groups after conducting fundoscopic exams according to the presence (n = 148) or absence (n = 149) of ocular scars/lesions due to toxoplasmosis. The group of patients with scars/lesions was further subdivided into two groups according to the type of the ocular manifestation observed: primary (n = 120) or recurrent (n = 28). Genotyping of the MICA and HLA alleles was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide technique (PCR-SSO; One Lambda®) and the MICA-129 polymorphism (rs1051792) was identified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP). Significant associations involving MICA polymorphisms were not found. Although the MICA*002~HLA-B*35 haplotype was associated with increased risk of developing ocular toxoplasmosis (P-value = 0.04; OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.05-4.60), and the MICA*008~HLA-C*07 haplotype was associated with protection against the development of manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis (P-value = 0.009; OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.22-0.76), these associations were not statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. MICA polymorphisms do not appear to influence the development of ocular lesions in patients diagnosed with toxoplasmosis in this study population.
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christiane Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ayo
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Vitória da Silveira
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio Batista
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Frederico
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rubens Camargo
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Previato
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Henrique Antunes
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aparecida Perpétuo
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Silveira-Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Pires
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cinara de Cássia
authors.initials: Cde C
authors.lastname: Brandão de Mattos
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.|FAMERP Toxoplasma Research Group, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: de Mattos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D015236:HLA-C Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D015236:HLA-C Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C099187:MHC class I-related chain A