title: In vitro screening of mare's milk antimicrobial effect and antiproliverative activity.
abstract: The aims of this study were to examine the effect of mare's milk on virulence gene expression of Salmonella Typhimurium and observe its potential activity on proliferation of adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. Different supernatants of mare's milk, raw or heat-treated at 65°C for 15 s or 30 min, were studied. The changes in hilA gene expression of Salmonella Typhimurium in presence of mare's milk supernatants were assessed using a reporter luminescent strain. A significant decrease in hilA gene expression was observed with all tested supernatants. Virulence gene expression was then assessed using qPCR on a wild-type strain of Salmonella Typhimurium. A significant decrease of hilA and ssrB2 gene expression was observed with raw milk supernatants but not with heat-treated supernatants. The same supernatants were administered to Caco-2 cells to measure their proliferation rate. A significant reduction of proliferative effect was observed only with raw milk supernatants. This study reports that raw mare's milk was able to modulate virulence gene expression of Salmonella Typhimurium and exerts antiproliferative effects on Caco-2 cells. These results may offer new approaches for promoting gastrointestinal health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors.forename: Anilda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guri
authors.affiliation: Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paligot
authors.affiliation: Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crèvecoeur
authors.affiliation: Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piedboeuf
authors.affiliation: Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Claes
authors.affiliation: Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daube
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corredig
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, B-4000 Liege, Belgium veronique.delcenserie@ulg.ac.be.
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delcenserie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins
keywords: Salmonella Typhimurium; antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects; mare's milk; virulence expression