title: Evaluation of humoral immune status in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infected sows under field conditions.
abstract: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an economically devastating enteric disease in the swine industry. The virus infects pigs of all ages, but it cause severe clinical disease in neonatal suckling pigs with up to 100% mortality. Currently, available vaccines are not completely effective and feedback methods utilizing PEDV infected material has variable success in preventing reinfection. Comprehensive information on the levels and duration of effector/memory IgA and IgG antibody secreting B cell response in the intestines and lymphoid organs of PEDV-infected sows, and their association with specific antibody levels in clinical samples such as plasma, oral fluid, and feces is important. Therefore, our goal in this study was to quantify PEDV specific IgA and IgG B cell responses in sows at approximately 1 and 6 months post-infection in commercial swine herds, including parity one and higher sows. Our data indicated that evaluation of both PEDV specific IgA and IgG antibody levels in the plasma and oral fluid (but not feces) samples is beneficial in disease diagnosis. PEDV specific B cell response in the intestine and spleen of infected sows decline by 6 months, and this associates with specific antibody levels in the plasma and oral fluid samples; but the virus neutralization titers in plasma remains high beyond 6 months post-infection. In conclusion, in sows infected with PEDV the presence of effector/memory B cell response and strong virus neutralization titers in plasma up to 6 months post-infection, suggests their potential to protect sows from reinfection and provide maternal immunity to neonates, but challenge studies are required to confirm such responses.
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. ouyangkang97@gmail.com.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China. ouyangkang97@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. shyu.14@buckeyemail.osu.edu.
authors.forename: Duan-Liang
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Shyu
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. dhakal.3@buckeyemail.osu.edu.
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhakal
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. jagsvet@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jagadish
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hiremath
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. binjawadagi.1@buckeyemail.osu.edu.
authors.forename: Basavaraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Binjawadagi
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. lakshmanappa.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Yashavanth S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lakshmanappa
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA. guor@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA. rhransburgh@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ransburgh
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. bondra.7@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Bondra
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA. pcgauger@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gauger
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA. jqzhang@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Jianqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Four Star Veterinary Services, Chickasaw, OH, 45826, USA. tspecht@4starvets.com.
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Specht
authors.affiliation: Four Star Veterinary Services, Chickasaw, OH, 45826, USA. agilbertie@aptimmune.com.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gilbertie
authors.affiliation: Four Star Veterinary Services, Chickasaw, OH, 45826, USA. bminton@4starvets.com.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Minton
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA. yfang@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), OARDC, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. gourapura.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Gourapura J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Renukaradhya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D010298:Parity; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G