title: A-to-I editing of coding and non-coding RNAs by ADARs.
abstract: Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) convert adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA. This A-to-I editing occurs not only in protein-coding regions of mRNAs, but also frequently in non-coding regions that contain inverted Alu repeats. Editing of coding sequences can result in the expression of functionally altered proteins that are not encoded in the genome, whereas the significance of Alu editing remains largely unknown. Certain microRNA (miRNA) precursors are also edited, leading to reduced expression or altered function of mature miRNAs. Conversely, recent studies indicate that ADAR1 forms a complex with Dicer to promote miRNA processing, revealing a new function of ADAR1 in the regulation of RNA interference.
authors.affiliation: The Wistar Institute, Department of Gene Expression and Regulation, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4268, USA.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishikura
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020087:Alu Elements; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D007288:Inosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017393:RNA Editing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D043244:Ribonuclease III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007288:Inosine; D043244:Ribonuclease III; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D000241:Adenosine