title: Protective effects of aspirin and vitamin C against corn syrup consumption-induced cardiac damage through sirtuin-1 and HIF-1α pathway.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of aspirin (AS) and vitamin C (VC) against cardiac damage induced by chronic corn syrup (CS) consumption via a mechanism involving sirtuin-1 (ST-1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and the caspase-3 pathway in rats.
  
  
  
  Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (14-16 weeks) that weighed 250-300 g were randomly distributed into 5 groups, each containing 8 rats: control group, CS+AS group, CS+VC group, CS+AS+VC group, and CS group. AS (10 mg/kg/day) and VC (200 mg/kg/day) were orally given to the rats. F30 (30% fructose syrup solution) was given to the rats in drinking water for 6 weeks. The rats were sacrificed by exsanguination 24 h after the last administration. Blood samples and tissue were collected for biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examinations. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test used for the parameters without normal distribution and ANOVA and post-hoc LSD tests were used for parameters with a normal distribution to compare groups.
  
  
  
  Uric acid, creatine kinase (CKMB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were increased in the CS group compared with the control group (1.45±0.39 and p=0.011; 3225.64±598.25 and p=0.004; 3906.83±1064.22 and p=0.002, respectively) and decreased in all the treatment groups. In addition, increased levels of MDA and decreased activity of CAT in the CS group (0.172±0.03 and p=0.000; 0.070±0.005 and p=0.007, respectively) were reversed with AS and VC therapy. A decrease in ST-1 activity and increases in caspase-3 and HIF-1 activities corrected by VC and AS therapy were observed.
  
  
  
  AS and VC, which display antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities, ameliorated cardiac damage induced by chronic fructose consumption by increasing the levels of ST-1 and decreasing the levels of HIF-1α and caspase-3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University; Isparta-Turkey. fizyolog@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aşcı
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saygın
authors.forename: Şükriye
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Yeşilot
authors.forename: Şenay
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Topsakal
authors.forename: Fatma Nihan
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Cankara
authors.forename: Özlem
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Özmen
authors.forename: Mehtap
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000976:Antipain; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000073417:Dietary Sugars / Q000009:adverse effects; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D000073417:Dietary Sugars; C497444:Hif1a protein, rat; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D005632:Fructose; D000976:Antipain; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D001241:Aspirin