title: Confirmation of MRI anatomical measurements as endophenotypic markers for bipolar disorder in a new sample from the NIMH Genetics of Bipolar Disorder in Latino Populations study.
abstract: The main objective of this study is to establish potential neuromorphometric differences which might act as markers of genetic risk for bipolar disorder and therefore serve as endophenotypes for discovery of genes that contribute to bipolar disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess structural brain volumes of 49 subjects. Volumetric analyses were first performed to test possible differences in the volume of brain structures between subjects with bipolar disorder type I (BPI) and control subjects in a new sample, based on regions previously reported in the literature as being either increased or decreased in size in bipolar patients. Subsequently, for those brain regions showing statistical difference between subjects with BPI and control subjects in our new sample, we tested whether unaffected first degree relatives (UFRs) of the BPI subjects also showed similar differences compared with controls. Four specific regions (right prefrontal, right middle prefrontal, right globus pallidus and left globus pallidus) met criteria for being possible endophenotypes for BPI in this sample.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.affiliation: UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jair C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Benson
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mwangi
authors.affiliation: UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asonye
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Alvarado
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zavala
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mercedes E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.affiliation: UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Marsal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Social Cognitive and Neurosciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Luke R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Enge
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA. Electronic address: M.escamilla@ttuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Escamilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D058068:Endophenotypes; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009315:National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); D012307:Risk Factors; D013781:Texas; D014481:United States
keywords: Biomarkers; Bipolar disorder-I (BP-I); Diagnosed and unaffected family members of BP-I; Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; MRI; Prefrontal cortex