title: Non-joint effusion is associated with osteoarthritis in temporomandibular joints with disk displacement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between different grades of joint effusion (JE) and osteoarthritis (OA) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDwoR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 101 female patients 20-40 years of age with unilateral TMJ ADDwoR were retrospectively reviewed. JE and OA were diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). JE was subdivided into three different grades: grade 0, no or minimal effusion; grade 1, moderate effusion; and grade 2, extensive effusion. Eight categories of degenerative changes were used for screening for the existence of OA. Cases with no less than one type of degenerative change were diagnosed as OA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 71 patients (70.3%) were diagnosed as having OA in the joints with disk displacement. In the univariate analysis, the proportion of subjects with non-JE (grade 0) was higher in the OA group (p = 0.003), while the proportion of subjects with extensive effusion (grade 2) was lower in the OA group (p = 0.02). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, non-JE was independently associated with the development of OA (odds ratio = 5.68, 95% confidence interval = 1.10-29.37, P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that non-JE was associated with OA in the joints with ADDwoR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Collage of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Hao
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xing-Hao
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Electronic address: fangyiming2003@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000473:pathology*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adults; Disorders; Hydrarthrosis; MRI; Osteoarthritis; Temporomandibular joint