title: Longitudinal tracking of muscle sympathetic nerve activity and its relationship with blood pressure in subjects with prehypertension.
abstract: Prehypertension is associated with increased cardiovascular events. While the "tracking phenomenon" is an important longitudinal characteristic of blood pressure (BP), changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) over time remain unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that MSNA tracking contributes to BP trends in prehypertension. BP and MSNA were assessed in 13 prehypertensive males at rest, during hand grip and mental stressors at baseline and after 8 years. Baseline office BP averaged 127 ± 2/81 ± 2 mmHg and MSNA 24 ± 4 bursts/min. BP increased by 7 ± 2/5 ± 2 mmHg (P < 0.01) and MSNA by 11 ± 2 bursts/min (P < 0.001) at follow-up. SBP and DBP were interrelated at baseline (r = 0.65, P = 0.02) and at follow-up (r = 0.78, P = 0.002). MSNA tracking (r = 0.82; P < 0.001) was similar to BP. MSNA was strongly related to DBP at baseline (r = 0.73; P < 0.01) and follow-up (r = 0.64; P = 0.01), more so than SBP. BMI increased (P < 0.001) at follow-up but was unrelated to BP or MSNA. Despite comparable pressor and cardiac increases to handgrip and mental stressors, sympathetic responses were blunted, more pronounced to isometric test (P < 0.006) at follow-up. In conclusion, the trend in MSNA corresponds with BP changes over time suggesting that tonic sympathetic activation may contribute to time-related increase in resting BP and the development of sustained hypertension in prehypertension.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hypertension and Diabetology , Medical University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland ;|b International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic ;
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hering
authors.affiliation: b International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic ;|c Divisions of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hypertension and Diabetology , Medical University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland ;
authors.forename: Wiesława
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kucharska
authors.affiliation: c Divisions of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.
authors.forename: Virend K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Somers
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hypertension and Diabetology , Medical University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland ;|b International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic ;|c Divisions of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation*; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Heart-rate variability; laboratory stressors; muscle sympathetic nerve activity; prehypertension; pulse wave velocity; tracking