title: Development of PLGA-PEG encapsulated miltefosine based drug delivery system against visceral leishmaniasis.
abstract: Targeted drug delivery systems are ideal technology to increase the maximum mechanism of action with smaller dose, we have developed miltefosine encapsulated PLGA–PEG nanoparticles (PPEM) to target macrophage of infected tissues against Leishmania donovani. The structural characterization of PLGA–PEG by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has shown a size range of 10 to 15 nm. Synthesis and drug encapsulation confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and confirmed NP encapsulation. The dose of nano encapsulated miltefosine decreased by fifty percent as compared to that of a conventional miltefosine and Amphoterecin B. The inhibition of amastigotes in the splenic tissue with nano encapsulated miltefosine (23.21 ± 23) was significantly more than the conventional miltefosine (89.22 ± 52.7) and Amphoterecin B (94.12 ± 55.1). This study signifies that there is an increased contact surface area of the nano encapsulated drug and significant reduction in size, improved the efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo study than that of the conventional miltefosine, Amphoterecin B.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical and Nanomedicine Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: Rishikesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Biomedical and Nanomedicine Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: Ganesh Chandra
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medicine Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medicine Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: V N R
authors.initials: VNR
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medicine Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: Roshan K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Topno
authors.affiliation: Pharmacoinformatics Department, National Institute Pharmaceutica Research and Education Industrial Area, Hajipur, India.
authors.forename: Md Yousuf
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Biomedical and Nanomedicine Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: Sindhuprava
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Department, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute Medical Science (ICMR), India.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007893:Leishmania donovani; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
chemical_list: D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C039128:miltefosine; C000595209:polyethylene glycol 1000
keywords: Amastigotes; Amphoterecin B; Miltefosine; Nanoscale; Transmission electron microscope