title: Evaluation of cytocompatibility of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers and their effects on the biological responses of mesenchymal dental stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate in vitro the cytocompatibility of the calcium silicate-containing endodontic sealers MTA Fillapex and TotalFill BC Sealer on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) by assaying their biological responses and compare them with that observed when using an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus).
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens from the three different endodontic sealers were eluated with culture medium for 24 h. The cytotoxicity of these eluates was evaluated using the MTT assay. In addition, an in vitro scratch wound healing model was used to determine their effects on cell migration. Cell adhesion to collagen type I after treatment with the different sealer eluates was also measured, whereas cytotoxicity was determined using the DNA-specific fluorochrome Hoechst 33342. Finally, to assess cell morphology and attachment to the different sealers, hPDLSCs were directly seeded onto the material surfaces and analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way analysis of variance (anova) followed by a Bonferroni post-test were performed (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  hPDLSCs exposed to different dilutions of TotalFill BC Sealer eluates had significantly higher cell proliferation compared with that observed when cells were treated with AH Plus and MTA Fillapex eluates (P < 0.001). In addition, TotalFill eluates were associated with significantly increased cell adhesion to collagen type I and migration of hPDLSCs in a concentration-dependent manner than displayed after treatment with MTA Fillapex or AH Plus eluates (P < 0.001). Moreover, TotalFill BC Sealer-induced cytotoxicity was significantly lower than observed using AH Plus and MTA Fillapex eluates (P < 0.001). Finally, SEM studies revealed suitable proliferation, cell spreading and attachment, especially when using TotalFill BC Sealer discs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TotalFill BC Sealer exhibited a higher cytocompatibility than AH Plus and MTA Fillapex. Further investigations using in vivo animal models are required to validate the potential biological responses of TotalFill BC Sealer on hPDLSCs.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB, University of Murcia, Valencia, Spain.|School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Lozano
authors.affiliation: Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB, University of Murcia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: García-Bernal
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Oñate-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Ortolani-Seltenerich
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forner
authors.affiliation: Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB, University of Murcia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moraleda
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C031293:calcium silicate
keywords: adhesion; calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers; cytotoxicity; mineral trioxide aggregate; periodontal ligament stem cells