title: Efficient Structure Resonance Energy Transfer from Microwaves to Confined Acoustic Vibrations in Viruses.
abstract: Virus is known to resonate in the confined-acoustic dipolar mode with microwave of the same frequency. However this effect was not considered in previous virus-microwave interaction studies and microwave-based virus epidemic prevention. Here we show that this structure-resonant energy transfer effect from microwaves to virus can be efficient enough so that airborne virus was inactivated with reasonable microwave power density safe for the open public. We demonstrate this effect by measuring the residual viral infectivity of influenza A virus after illuminating microwaves with different frequencies and powers. We also established a theoretical model to estimate the microwaves power threshold for virus inactivation and good agreement with experiments was obtained. Such structure-resonant energy transfer induced inactivation is mainly through physically fracturing the virus structure, which was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These results provide a pathway toward establishing a new epidemic prevention strategy in open public for airborne virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Szu-Chi
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huan-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jen-Tang
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chuan-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.|Molecular Imaging Center and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000465:Algorithms; D004735:Energy Transfer; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000528:radiation effects; D008872:Microwaves; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D014732:Vibration; D038301:Virus Inactivation