title: Inverse association between maternal 25OHD level and cord GLP-1/GIP concentrations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because vitamin D may have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, we explored whether maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in normal pregnancy have association with diabetes-related hormone levels and glycated albumin (GA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was performed to collect serum samples from 612 pairs of pregnant women and cord blood of their offspring. Levels of 25OHD and GA in maternal and cord blood were measured by radioimmunoassay and enzyme assay, respectively. Using cord serum, 12 diabetes-related hormones were assayed. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to quantify the strength of association between biomarkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A prominent association between maternal and cord 25OHD levels (r = 0.76, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.73-0.79, P < 0.0001) and weak association between maternal and cord GA (r = 0.22, 95% CIs: 0.14-0.30, P < 0.0001) were shown. Among the 12 diabetes-related hormones, both maternal and cord 25OHD levels showed prominent negative associations with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that decreased maternal 25OHD may be associated with decreased cord 25OHD and increased cord GLP-1 and GIP levels, which may be involved with the transfer of maternal glucose to the fetus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.|Safety and Risk Management Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shimpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mezawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Pediatrics, Shiomidai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ida
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urashima
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D005947:Glucose