title: Mesenchymal stem cells: potential for therapy and treatment of chronic non-healing skin wounds.
abstract: Wound healing is a complex physiological process including overlapping phases (hemostatic/inflammatory, proliferating and remodeling phases). Every alteration in this mechanism might lead to pathological conditions of different medical relevance. Treatments for chronic non-healing wounds are expensive because reiterative treatments are needed. Regenerative medicine and in particular mesenchymal stem cells approach is emerging as new potential clinical application in wound healing. In the past decades, advance in the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying wound healing process has led to extensive topical administration of growth factors as part of wound care. Currently, no definitive treatment is available and the research on optimal wound care depends upon the efficacy and cost-benefit of emerging therapies. Here we provide an overview on the novel approaches through stem cell therapy to improve cutaneous wound healing, with a focus on diabetic wounds and Systemic Sclerosis-associated ulcers, which are particularly challenging. Current and future treatment approaches are discussed with an emphasis on recent advances.
authors.affiliation: a Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marfia
authors.affiliation: a Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania Elena
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Navone
authors.affiliation: b University of Milan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; LITA-Segrate ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Vito
authors.affiliation: c Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ughi
authors.affiliation: d Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Division of Pathology ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabano
authors.affiliation: d Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Division of Pathology ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miozzo
authors.affiliation: e Istituto Image ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tremolada
authors.affiliation: f Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bolla
authors.affiliation: c Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crotti
authors.affiliation: c Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ingegnoli
authors.affiliation: a Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rampini
authors.affiliation: b University of Milan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; LITA-Segrate ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Riboni
authors.affiliation: c Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gualtierotti
authors.affiliation: a Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy ; Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Rolando
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campanella
mesh_terms: D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000639:trends*; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries*; D014945:Wound Healing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: adipose stem cells; autoimmune diseases; diabetes; mesenchymal stem cells; systemic sclerosis; ulcer; wound