title: Lipids and lipoproteins and inflammatory markers in patients with chronic apical periodontitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) appears to be a risk factor for coronary heart disease, the aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the size of CAP lesion and inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α), as well as lipids and lipoproteins (LpPLA2, apoAI, apoB level) in blood serum of patients with CAP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients studied (n = 43) were divided into groups: patients under 50 and over 50 years of age, and a separate subgroup of the oldest age with the largest size of CAP lesions. Apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) above 150 mg/dL and below 150 mg/dL was used as an important criterion for the division of patients into groups. The CAP lesion size was measured using the Kodak digital imaging system software. The control group consisted of clinically healthy volunteers (n = 20) without CAP. Lipids were measured on a Siemens analyzer (Germany), apoAI, apoB, hsCRP levels were determined by immunonephelometric method, using the Health Care Diagnostic Product (Siemens GmbH, Germany), and IL-6, TNF-α and LpPLAG7 assay kits (ELISA, R&D Systems) were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings suggested that in patients with CAP and their age increase, the CAP lesion size, the concentration of inflammatory markers and LpPLA2 mass increased. Correlations between the CAP lesion size and LpPLA2 mass and between the CAP lesion size and TG level in patients with apoAI 150 ≤ mg/dL showed increase TG in atherogenic apoB-containing triglyceride-rich lipoprotein and TC in cholesterol-rich lipoprotein. The patients with a low apoAI and high LpPLA2 level can have a higher risk of odontogenic disease and progression of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have found a positive correlation between apoAI level and the CAP lesion size and a negative correlation between LpPLA2 level and the CAP lesion size. The results suggest that apoAI and LpPLA2 in HDL particles have antiinflammatory action and together can limit the CAP lesion size in patient with a higher apoAI level. The literature data on the distribution of lipoprotein particles in subjects are still insufficient, so this problem requires further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontic, Medical University, Karmelicka 7, 20-081, Lublin, Poland. aleksandra.kimak@umlub.pl.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimak
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontic, Medical University, Karmelicka 7, 20-081, Lublin, Poland. malgorzata.strycharz-dudziak@umlub.pl.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strycharz-Dudziak
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontic, Medical University, Karmelicka 7, 20-081, Lublin, Poland. teresa.bachanek@umlub.pl.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bachanek
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University, Street Chodźki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland. elzbieta.kimak@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kimak
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100 / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C569471:APOB protein, human; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; C526684:PLA2G7 protein, human