title: Recurrent wheezing and asthma after bocavirus bronchiolitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human bocavirus (HBoV) was recently discovered and identified as an important cause of respiratory infection in young children. However, the relationship between HBoV-bronchiolitis and the development of recurrent wheezing has not yet been established.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We designed this study in order to describe the mid-term outcome, regarding the development of recurrent wheezing and asthma of HBoV-bronchiolitis patients and to compare it with RSV-bronchiolitis infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 80 children (10 with HBoV and 70 with RSV infection), currently aged ≥4 years and previously hospitalised during the seasons 2004-2009 due to acute bronchiolitis. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected through structured clinical interviews at the follow-up visit. Spirometry and skin prick tests to common food and inhaled allergens were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All HBoV-patients developed recurrent wheezing and half of them had asthma at age 5-7 years. Almost 30% required hospital admission for recurrent wheezing. Asthma (odds ratio (OR)=1.28) and current asthma (OR=2.18) were significantly more frequent in children with HBoV-bronchiolitis than in RSV-bronchiolitis. FEV1 values were 99.2±4.8 in HBoV-group vs. 103±11 in RSV-group, p: 0.09. No differences were found with respect to allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, proportion of positive prick tests, and family history of atopy or asthma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe HBoV-bronchiolitis in infancy was strongly associated with asthma at 5-7 years.
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Del Rosal
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: marialuz.hso@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics Department, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gozalo
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pozo
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Casas
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D056661:Human bocavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012008:Recurrence; D012135:Respiratory Sounds; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D012882:Skin Tests; D013147:Spirometry
keywords: Asthma; Bronchiolitis; Human bocavirus; Recurrent wheezing