title: Prenatal diagnosis of placenta and umbilical cord pathologies by three-dimensional ultrasound: pictorial essay.
abstract: The authors present their experience in prenatal diagnosis of placental and umbilical cord pathologies, using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) in the rendering and tomography ultrasound imaging (TUI) modes, associated with color Doppler in some cases. Cases of placenta accreta/placenta previa, circumvallate placenta, succenturiate lobe, true knot of the umbilical cord, nuchal cord, and marginal/velamentous umbilical cord insertion are presented. 3DUS can contribute to improve the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of placenta and umbilical cord pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Fetal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte-MG, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Castro Rezende
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine-Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo-SP, Brazil. araujojred@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Araujo Júnior
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D053589:Nuchal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010920:Placenta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*