title: Phytochemical Characteristics of Seeds and Its Effects on the Intestinal Motility and Toxicity of Joannesia princeps.
abstract: Joannesia princeps is a plant commonly used in folk medicine as laxative for menstrual discomfort and as antihelminthic and antimicrobial to reduce edema and improve tissue healing. The seeds are used in many regions of Brazil as laxative; however, studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using seeds of this plant on intestinal motility of Wistar rats, evaluate the effects and acute toxicity of its management, as well as determine its phytochemical profile. The evaluation of the effect on the intestinal motility was performed according to the model described by Michelin and Salgado (2004) with modifications. For the evaluation of acute toxicity, we used the model described by Craveiro et al. (2008) and Goloni et al. (2005), and for the analysis of the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, and other components, we used the method described by Carvalho et al. (2006). The results showed that J. princeps exhibits laxative effects similar to those of Senna species such as Cassia angustifolia and the phytochemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, and/or steroids compounds. Acute toxicity showed in the first 12 h: piloerection, contortion, decreased respiratory rate, diarrhea, and weight loss. After this period, these changes were no longer observed. It was concluded that the seeds of this plant have potential laxative activity, confirming the popular use and that the dose of 5 g/kg can be considered safe for consumption.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Adriano Cressoni
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .|2 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Élen Landgraf
authors.initials: ÉL
authors.lastname: Guiguer
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .|2 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Sandra Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Barbalho
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Patrícia C S
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Juliana Agostinho
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Bruna Ferreira
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Letícia Cabrini
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Girotto
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Marina Guirro
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Paulo Vitor
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Zeber
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Marília University Hospital of Marília , Marília, Brazil .
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Alvares Goulart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D054368:Laxatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D054368:Laxatives; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Joannesia princeps; Wistar rats; gastrointestinal motility; toxicity