title: Reference interval determination of hemoglobin fractions in umbilical cord and placental blood by capillary electrophoresis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Umbilical cord and placental blood (UCPB) is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells widely used to treat diseases that did not have effective treatments until recently. Umbilical cord and placental blood banks (UCPBBs) are needed to be created to store UCPB. UCPB is collected immediately after birth, processed, and frozen until infusion. Detection of abnormal hemoglobins is one of UCPB screening tests available. The objective of the present study was to determine the reference interval for HbA, HbF, and HbA2 in UCPB using capillary electrophoresis. Methods: Observational retrospective study of UCPB samples undergoing hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed between April 2012 and May 2013. We analyzed 273 UCPB samples. All cords met the criteria of BrasilCORD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 19.9% (10.5–36.7%) for HbA, 80.1% (62.7–89.4%) for HbF, and 0.1% (0.0–0.6%) for HbA2. Data were expressed as median (P2.5–P97.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Establishing specific reference intervals is the best option for most tests because such ranges reflect the status of the population in which the tests will be applied. The use of appropriate reference intervals ensures that clinical labs provide reliable information, thus enabling clinicians to correctly interpret results and choose the best approach for the target population.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Clinic Departament, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: suzanedalbo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Suzane Dal
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Bó
authors.affiliation: Pathology Clinic Departament, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiane Kreutz
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Lemos
authors.affiliation: Pathology Clinic Departament, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabiane Spagnol
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Pedrazzani
authors.affiliation: Pathology Clinic Departament, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Rosa
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cagliari
authors.affiliation: Pathology Clinic Departament, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scotti
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins
keywords: Capillary electrophoresis; Cord blood stem cell transplantation; Fetal hemoglobin; Hemoglobinopathy