title: Impact of Resistance Training on Factors Involved in the Development of New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation in Renal Transplant Recipients: An Open Randomized Pilot Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  New-onsetdiabetes after transplant (NODAT) is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease after transplantation. Kidney transplantation (KT) recipients have low levels of exercise capacity. Resistance training (RT) might be of special benefit in this population because underlying disease and immunosuppressive drugs favour muscle loss and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing an RT program within a population of KT recipients and its impact on the incidence of NODAT and cardiometabolic risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This pilot study was an open-randomized study. We randomized 24 patients with a 1:1 allocation to 2 parallel groups, the exercise group (E) or the control group (C). The E group was submitted to RT 3 times a week for 16 weeks. Anthropometric, body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and well-being were measured before and after 16 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 24 recruited participants, 20 completed the study (10 in the E group and 10 in the C group). No injuries were reported. The intervention was associated with a significant increase in muscle strength (p=0.003). A significant group effect, in favour of the E group, was detected for the well-being score (p=0.03). However, no changes in body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors or cardiorespiratory fitness were noted for either group after the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study suggests that RT appears to be secure and feasible and improves strength and well-being in patients after KT. However, it does not improve cardiometabolic risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Antony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Karelis
authors.affiliation: University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Josée
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.affiliation: University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors.affiliation: University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: agnes.rakel@umontreal.ca.
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Räkel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011897:Random Allocation; D055070:Resistance Training; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: cardiometabolic risk insulin sensitivity; diabète de novo après transplantation; entraînement musculaire; kidney transplantation; new onset diabetes after transplantation; resistance training; risque cardiométabolique; sensibilité à l'insuline; transplantation rénale