title: Facial nerve management in jugular paraganglioma surgery: a literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This literature review analysed facial nerve management strategies in jugular paraganglioma surgery and discusses the tumour resection rate and the facial nerve outcome associated with each technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of PubMed and Medline articles on the surgical treatments for jugular paraganglioma was performed. Tumour resection rates and post-operative facial nerve function after non-rerouting, short anterior rerouting and long anterior rerouting approaches were evaluated for each article.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 studies involving a total of 688 patients were included. Post-operative facial nerve function was similar after non-rerouting and short anterior rerouting approaches (p = 0.169); however, both of these techniques had significantly better post-operative facial nerve outcomes compared with long anterior rerouting (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The total tumour removal rate was significantly higher for long anterior rerouting than with the non-rerouting approach (p = 0.016). There was no difference in total tumour removal rate between the long and short anterior rerouting approaches (p = 0.067) and between the short anterior rerouting and non-rerouting approaches (p = 0.867).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No strict guidelines for facial nerve management in jugular paraganglioma resection are available. Although long anterior rerouting provides the best tumour exposure along with a low morbidity rate, case-by-case selection of the surgical approach is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology,Department of Special Surgery,Faculty of Medicine,Jordan University of Science and Technology,Irbid,Jordan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Odat
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery,School of Medicine,Ewha Womans University,Seoul,Korea.
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Surgery,King Hussein Medical Centre,Royal Medical Services of Jordan,Amman,Jordan.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Odat
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology,Department of Special Surgery,Faculty of Medicine,Jordan University of Science and Technology,Irbid,Jordan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alzoubi
mesh_terms: D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005925:Glomus Jugulare Tumor / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Facial Nerve; Facial Paralysis; Glomus Jugulare; Paraganglioma; Skull Base Neoplasms