title: [Good practice in occupational health services - The influence of hazardous conditions and nuisance coexisting in the work environment and at home on the course and outcome of pregnancy].
abstract: The key activity in good practice of occupational medicine is to control, on a regular basis, the workers' health and how it is affected by the work environment and - consequently - to provide the employers and employees with advice regarding the organization, ergonomics, physiology and psychology of work. Occupational medicine practitioners should remember that certain duties are performed both at work and at home. This issue is particularly important in preventive healthcare of pregnant working women. Taking the above into consideration, we reviewed the literature with respect to nuisance and occupational risk factors, which might be associated with professional and household duties. The research indicates the need to reduce activities that require frequent bending or lifting, put a women at risk of falling or cause excess occupational stress for pregnant women. We would like to draw the doctors' attention to the possibility of exceeding a 4-hour limit of work at video display terminals and negative effects of low physical exercise and sitting for a long time both at work and at home. Since long working hours (over 40 h/week) affect the course of pregnancy negatively, total working time at work (including any additional jobs) and at home must be taken into account in the occupational risk assessment. To sum up, we emphasize that preventive healthcare of pregnant working women should mainly include education programmes. Women need to know how to perform their work safely and pay attention to the scope and frequency of household tasks (duties).
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Epidemiologii Środowiskowej / Department of Environmental Epidemiology). and.mar@interia.pl.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcinkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Psychologii Pracy / Department of Health and Work Psychology). awezyk@imp.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wężyk
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Epidemiologii Środowiskowej / Department of Environmental Epidemiology). pawmus@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muszyński
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Epidemiologii Środowiskowej / Department of Environmental Epidemiology). kinga@imp.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Polańska
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Fizjologii Pracy i Ergonomii / Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics). tmd@imp.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makowiec-Dąbrowska
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Klinika Chorób Zawodowych i Toksykologii / Departament of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology). martaz@imp.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiszniewska
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Klinika Chorób Zawodowych i Toksykologii / Departament of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology). jolantaw@imp.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walusiak-Skorupa
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera / Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Epidemiologii Środowiskowej / Department of Environmental Epidemiology). wojt@imp.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hanke
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000193:education*; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D037841:Pregnant People; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014931:Women, Working / Q000193:education*
keywords: household chores; occupational hazards; occupational health; occupational health service; pregnancy; psychological factors