title: KPNA2 over-expression is a potential marker of prognosis and therapeutic sensitivity in colorectal cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) is a member of the Karyopherin α family and has recently been reported to play an important role in tumor progression. The aim of the current study was to elucidate the clinicopathological significance of KPNA2 over-expression in colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  KPNA2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 122 surgically resected CRC and 13 biopsy specimens obtained at colonoscopy during screening for preoperative hyperthermochemoradiation therapy (HCRT). The association between KPNA2 expression and clinicopathological features and preoperative HCRT efficacy were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The high and low KNPA2 expression groups were comprised of 91 (74.6%) and 31 CRC patients, respectively. A significant association was observed between high expression and lymphatic invasion (P = 0.0245). KPNA2 high expression group had decreased overall survival (P = 0.00374). Multivariate analysis demonstrated high KPNA2 expression was independently associated with poor prognosis. Histological examinations revealed 11 (84.6%) and 2 (15.4%) of cases were KPNA2 positive and negative, respectively. Pathological complete response (pCR) was observed in 9.1% of KPNA2-positive cases and 100% of KPNA2-negative cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High KPNA2 expression was found to be associated with poor prognosis and resistance to HCRT.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohsone
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tatsuki
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshinaga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suto
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokobori
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showamachi, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000379:methods; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D028901:alpha Karyopherins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C490630:KPNA2 protein, human; D028901:alpha Karyopherins
keywords: HCRT; hyperthermo-chemo-radiation therapy; tumor progression