title: Association of periodontal and cardiovascular diseases: South-Asian studies 2001-2012.
abstract: Large proportion of Asian populations have moderate to severe periodontal disease and a substantial number are anticipated to be at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study reviews epidemiology and association of periodontal and CVDs from the South-Asian region. Observational studies and clinical trials published during January 2001-December 2012 focusing association between periodontitis and CVDs in South-Asian countries were retrieved from various databases and studied. Current evidence suggests that both periodontal and CVDs are globally prevalent and show an increasing trend in developing countries. Global data on epidemiology and association of periodontal and CVDs are predominantly from the developed world; whereas Asia with 60% of the world's population lacks substantial scientific data on the link between periodontal and CVDs. During the search period, 14 studies (5 clinical trials, 9 case-controls) were reported in literature from South-Asia; 100% of clinical trials and 77% case-control studies have reported a significant association between the oral/periodontal parameters and CVD. Epidemiological and clinical studies from South-Asia validate the global evidence on association of periodontal disease with CVDs. However, there is a need for meticulous research for public health and scientific perspective of the Periodontal and CVDs from South-Asia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Preventive Dental Sciences, University Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Syed Akhtar Hussain
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bokhari
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health Sciences, Sheikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ayyaz Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Polyclinics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Wai Keung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Education, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Gohar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wajid
keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; South-Asian countries; periodontal diseases