title: A modified surgical procedure for concealed penis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We described a modified surgical procedure for repairing a concealed penis and compared the efficacy and feasibility of modified repair with traditional repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  From March 2003 to December 2012, 96 patients with a concealed penis were recruited to undergo penile repair at our centre. Modified repair and traditional repair were performed respectively on 46 and 50 cases. We compared operative time, intraoperative blood loss, cosmetic result of operative scars, postoperative penile retraction, and complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All operations were completed successfully without serious complications. The mean operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and cosmetic result of the operative scar between the two surgical methods were similar. However, the postoperative penile retraction rate in patients undergoing modified repair decreased significantly than in the traditional repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our modified surgical procedure is effective and feasible for a concealed penis. Although extra procedures were needed for the modified repair, the operative time, intraoperative blood loss and cosmetic result of operative scar between the two procedures were similar. Compared with traditional repair, modified repair has better clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Gong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Bianjiang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Zhaolong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Ninghong
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Zengjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang