title: Woodchip-sulfur based heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (WSHAD) process for nitrate contaminated water remediation.
abstract: Nitrate contaminated water can be effectively treated by simultaneous heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (HAD). In the present study, woodchips and elemental sulfur were used as co-electron donors for HAD. It was found that ammonium salts could enhance the denitrifying activity of the Thiobacillus bacteria, which utilize the ammonium that is produced by the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) in the woodchip-sulfur based heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (WSHAD) process. The denitrification performance of the WSHAD process (reaction constants range from 0.05485 h(-1) to 0.06637 h(-1)) is better than that of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (reaction constants range from 0.01029 h(-1) to 0.01379 h(-1)), and the optimized ratio of woodchips to sulfur is 1:1 (w/w). No sulfate accumulation is observed in the WSHAD process and the alkalinity generated in the heterotrophic denitrification can compensate for alkalinity consumption by the sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification. The symbiotic relationship between the autotrophic and the heterotrophic denitrification processes play a vital role in the mixotrophic environment.
authors.affiliation: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China. Electronic address: fengcp@cugb.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chuanping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: The Journal Center, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Weiwu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China. Electronic address: xibeidou@263.net.
authors.forename: Beidou
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
authors.forename: Baowei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Chunbo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Jiaoyang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pu
mesh_terms: D052818:Autotrophic Processes; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D058440:Denitrification; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry; D052836:Heterotrophic Processes; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry*; D013855:Thiobacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D009566:Nitrates; D013455:Sulfur
keywords: Autotrophic; Denitrification; Heterotrophic; Mixotrophic; Sulfur; Woodchips