title: A comparison of the capacity of ice hockey goaltender masks for the protection from puck impacts.
abstract: Goaltenders in ice hockey are the only players that are on the ice for the entire game. Their position exposes them to impacts from collisions with other players, falls to the ice, and puck impacts. In competitive ice hockey leagues, head injuries resulting from puck impacts have been reported with some cases resulting in ending the player's career. Considerable research has been conducted to assess the performance of hockey helmets; however, few have assessed the performance of goaltenders' masks. The purpose of this study was to compare the capacity of four goaltenders' masks for the protection from puck impact as measured by head acceleration and peak force. A Hybrid III headform was fitted with four different goaltender masks and impacted with a hockey puck in three locations at 25 m/s. The masks were found to vary in the level of protection they offered as the mask with the thickest liner resulted in lower forces than the thinnest mask for side impacts; however, the thinnest mask resulted in the lowest force for front impacts. Despite performance differences at specific locations, no one mask proved to be superior as peak acceleration and peak force values did not exceed the thresholds necessary for concussion.
authors.affiliation: a School of Human Kinetics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nur
authors.affiliation: a School of Human Kinetics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Marshall
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.affiliation: a School of Human Kinetics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: J Michio
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: a School of Human Kinetics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: T Blaine
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Hoshizaki
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D006260:Head Protective Devices; D006688:Hockey; D006801:Humans; D008397:Masks; D008954:Models, Biological
keywords: Acceleration; concussion; force; helmet; impact