title: The Therapeutic Potential of Resistant Starch in Modulation of Insulin Resistance, Endotoxemia, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Biomarkers in Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This trial aims to determine the effects of resistant starch (RS) subtype 2 (RS2) on glycemic status, metabolic endotoxemia and markers of oxidative stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical trial group of 56 females with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was divided to 2 groups. The intervention group (n = 28) and control group (n = 28) received 10 g/day RS2 or placebo for 8 weeks, respectively. Fasting blood samples were taken to determine glycemic status, endotoxin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), antioxidant enzymes concentrations as well as uric acid at baseline and after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 8 weeks, RS2 caused a significant decrease in the levels of MDA (-34.10%), glycosylated hemoglobin (-9.40%), insulin (-29.36%), homeostasis model of insulin resistance (-32.85%) and endotoxin (-25.00%), a significant increase in TAC (18.10%) and glutathione peroxidase (11.60%) as compared with control. No significant changes were observed in fasting plasma glucose, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, hs-CRP, superoxide dismutase, catalase and uric acid in the RS2 group as compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation with RS2 may be improved glycemic status, endotoxemia and markers of oxidative stress in patients with T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.forename: M Abbasalizad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Farhangi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarmadi
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Gargari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zare Javid
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pouraghaei
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dehghan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013213:Starch / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004731:Endotoxins; D014527:Uric Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013213:Starch; D002097:C-Reactive Protein