title: Renal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor: A Case Report.
abstract: Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a malignant small round cell tumor and typically arises from bone or soft tissue in adolescents and young adults. Renal PNET is extraordinarily rare and exhibits highly aggressive biological behavior with poor prognosis.We present here a new case of renal PNET in a 31-year-old female. The patients were referred to our hospital because of left flank pain with nausea and vomiting for 1 week. A computed tomography scan revealed a 14.7 × 12.7 cm well-defined, unevenly mass lesion with both solid and cystic components and the tumor was not enhanced uniformly.A preoperative diagnosis of cystic renal cell carcinoma and urinary tract infection was made. The patient undergone anti-inflammatory therapy followed by a left radical nephrectomy. Taken with morphological pattern and immunohistochemical markers, a diagnosis of renal PNET was made. Two cycles of combined chemotherapy were executed. At the 14-month follow-up, no evidence of metastasis or recurrence was indicated.This case reminds clinicians that for adolescents and young adults with a suspicious renal mass, a diagnosis of renal PNET should be always considered. An initial surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy is suggested for the therapeutic management.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Urology (CY, HX, JZ, ZH, JW, LZ, CL), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei; Department of Urology (CL), The Central Hospital of Maanshan, The Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Maanshan; and Department of Pathology (XZ), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hanjiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zongyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Changmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chaozhao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D018242:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed