title: Prevention strategies for esophageal cancer: Perspectives of the East vs. West.
abstract: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are the two major phenotypes in Western and Eastern countries, respectively. Because of different pathways in carcinogenesis, the risk factors and effective steps for prevention of esophageal cancer are different between EAC and ESCC. The carcinogenesis of EAC is initiated by the acid exposure of the esophageal mucosa from stomach while that of the ESCC are related to the chronic irritation of carcinogens mainly by the alcohol, cigarette, betel quid, and hot beverage. To eliminate the burden of esophageal cancer on the global health, the effective strategy should be composed of the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. In this article, we perform a systematic review of the preventive strategies for esophageal cancer with special emphasis on the differences from the perspectives of Western and Eastern countries.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Shuan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chia
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: mingshiang@ntu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ming-Shiang
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D062306:Geography, Medical; D006801:Humans; D011322:Primary Prevention; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D055512:Tertiary Prevention
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Esophageal cancer; Prevention; Squamous cell carcinoma