title: Sonographic Findings of Morbidly Adherent Placenta in the First Trimester.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between first-trimester sonographic findings and morbidly adherent placenta at delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective review of all first-trimester sonographic examinations from pregnancies that underwent third-trimester sonography for placenta previa or low-lying placenta between September 1997 and October 2011. Only women with a prior cesarean delivery were included. Transabdominal and transvaginal images from these first-trimester studies were reviewed for the following sonographic parameters: distance from the inferior border of the gestational sac to the external cervical os, location of the decidua basalis, presence of anechoic areas, uterine-bladder interface irregularity, and smallest anterior myometrial thickness. Morbidly adherent placentation was confirmed on histologic examination of hysterectomy specimens. Statistical methods included univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine patients met inclusion criteria, of whom 14 (36%) had confirmed placental invasion. The number of prior cesarean deliveries was significantly associated with placental invasion (P < .0001). The only first-trimester sonographic finding associated with invasion was the smallest anterior myometrial thickness measured in the sagittal plane (P < .02). Multivariate analysis based on these two variables yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.00) and significantly improved the prediction of placental invasion compared to using the number of prior cesarean deliveries alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women with persistent placenta previa or low-lying placenta and prior cesarean delivery, the smallest anterior myometrial thickness on first-trimester sonography significantly improved detection of morbidly adherent placenta.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.W.F.R., E.M., C.E.W., D.D.M., J.S.D., D.M.T.) and Radiology (D.M.T.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA. martha.rac@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Martha W F
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Rac
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.W.F.R., E.M., C.E.W., D.D.M., J.S.D., D.M.T.) and Radiology (D.M.T.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA.
authors.forename: Elysia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moschos
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.W.F.R., E.M., C.E.W., D.D.M., J.S.D., D.M.T.) and Radiology (D.M.T.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA.
authors.forename: C Edward
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.W.F.R., E.M., C.E.W., D.D.M., J.S.D., D.M.T.) and Radiology (D.M.T.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA.
authors.forename: Donald D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: McIntire
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.W.F.R., E.M., C.E.W., D.D.M., J.S.D., D.M.T.) and Radiology (D.M.T.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA.
authors.forename: Jodi S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dashe
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.W.F.R., E.M., C.E.W., D.D.M., J.S.D., D.M.T.) and Radiology (D.M.T.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas USA.
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Twickler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
keywords: first trimester; morbidly adherent placenta; obstetric ultrasound; sonography