title: The efficacy and complications of black diaphragm intra-ocular lens implantation in patients with congenital aniridia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and complications of black diaphragm intra-ocular (BDI) lens implantation in patients with congenital aniridia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients underwent BDI lens implantation for the treatment of congenital aniridia from January 1999 to December 2012. Fifteen patients (23 eyes) were enrolled in our study, and the mean follow-up period was 26 months. Patient demographics, clinical evaluations [visual acuity (VA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intra-ocular pressure measurement (IOP), corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM)], complications and treatments were analysed for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen eyes (70.1%) had a BCVA better than 20/200 after BDI lens implantation, and photophobia obviously decreased in all patients. Six eyes (26.09%) developed secondary glaucoma after BDI lens implantation, and one eye underwent glaucoma surgery. Corneal decompensation occurred in two eyes (8.70%), one of which was complicated by glaucoma. Two eyes (8.70%) developed visual axis opacity (VAO) after surgery. One patient (4.35%) had limbal stem cell failure, and another patient (4.35%) had an eccentric BDI lens. Intra-ocular pressure measurement elevation and ECD reduction were found after BDI lens implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Black diaphragm intra-ocular lens implantation can effectively improve VA, decrease photophobia and resolve cosmetic issues in most congenital aniridia eyes. Glaucoma, corneal decompensation and VAO were the major long-term complications of BDI lens implantation in patients with congenital aniridia. All patients should be managed attentively because of high risk of complications and followed long term to achieve favourable outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yinghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tianyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015783:Aniridia / Q000601:surgery*; D001187:Artificial Organs; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D019466:Glare; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: black diaphragm intra-ocular lens; complications; congenital aniridia; efficacy