title: The duration of balloon inflation affects the luminal diameter of coronary segments after bioresorbable vascular scaffolds deployment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adequate expansion is critical to achieve optimal Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds (BVS) apposition to the vessel wall. However, compared to metallic stents, BVS present different mechanical properties. Hence, slow deployment and maintenance of balloon inflation for at least 30" is recommended for BVS implantation. However, since no evidences are available demonstrating the superiority of a longer balloon dilatation time, the implantation technique is highly variable among different centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 BVS-treated lesions were included in the present analysis. After BVS deployment at 12 atmosphere (ATM) the balloon was rapidly deflated and scaffold expansion was documented with an angiogram. The same balloon was then inflated again and kept at 12 ATM for 30". Finally, a further angiogram was obtained to evaluate BVS expansion. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed at each step.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant increase of minimal luminal diameter (MLD)-to-reference scaffold diameter (RSD) ratio (MLD to RSD Ration, MR-Ratio) from 0.70 ± 0.10 after initial stent deployment to 0.79 ± 0.10 after the 30"-long balloon dilation was observed (p < 0.001). Of note, this result was consistent across all sub-segments, as well as across almost all lesion subgroups. A substantial reduction in the prevalence of residual stenosis from 29 % to 17 % was registered after the 30"-long dilation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results strongly support the maintenance of balloon inflation for at least 30" during BVS deployment to achieve optimal scaffold expansion and minimize the occurrence of residual stenosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. sabatosorrentino@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Sabato
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sorrentino
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. saderosa@unicz.it.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. giuseppe_ambrosio@ymail.com.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ambrosio
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. amongiardo@tin.it.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mongiardo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. c.spaccarotella@iol.it.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spaccarotella
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. polimeni@unicz.it.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polimeni
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. jolesbt@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jolanda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sabatino
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. dtorella@unicz.it.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Torella
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. ianluca.caiazzo@libero.it.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caiazzo
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. indolfi@unicz.it.|URT-CNR, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy. indolfi@unicz.it.|Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Director, URT Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. indolfi@unicz.it.
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Indolfi
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D062906:Cardiac Catheters; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome