title: Gd-based upconversion nanocarriers with yolk-shell structure for dual-modal imaging and enhanced chemotherapy to overcome multidrug resistance in breast cancer.
abstract: Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancers is still a major challenge, and it is very important to develop visualized nanoprobes for the diagnosis and treatment of drug resistant cancers. In this work, we developed a multifunctional delivery system based on DOX-encapsulated NaYF4:Yb/Er@NaGdF4 yolk-shell nanostructures for simultaneous dual-modal imaging and enhanced chemotherapy in drug resistant breast cancer. Using the large pore volume of the nanostructure, the delivery system had a high loading efficiency and excellent stability. Also, an in vitro and in vivo toxicity study showed the good biocompatibility of the as-prepared yolk-shell nanomaterials. Moreover, by nanocarrier delivery, the uptake of DOX could be greatly increased in drug resistant MCF-7/ADR cells. Compared with free DOX, the as-prepared delivery system enhanced the chemotherapy efficacy against MCF-7/ADR cells, indicating the excellent capability for overcoming MDR. Furthermore, core-shell NaYF4:Yb/Er@NaGdF4 improved the upconversion luminescence (UCL) performance, and the designed delivery system could also be applied for simultaneous UCL and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which could be a good candidate as a dual-modal imaging nanoprobe. Therefore, we developed a multifunctional yolk-shell delivery system, which could have potential applications as a visualized theranostic nanoprobe to overcome MDR in breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Microstructures, Institute of Materials, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China and Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. zengly@nimte.ac.cn aiguo@nimte.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yuanwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. zengly@nimte.ac.cn aiguo@nimte.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Ling'e
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. zengly@nimte.ac.cn aiguo@nimte.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Leyong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. zengly@nimte.ac.cn aiguo@nimte.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wenzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Microstructures, Institute of Materials, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Xueshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China.
authors.forename: Jichao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China.
authors.forename: Aiguo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, P. R. China. cjr.luguangming@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. zengly@nimte.ac.cn aiguo@nimte.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Aiguo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D049449:Luminescence; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005682:Gadolinium; D004318:Doxycycline