title: Improvements and Limitations of Humanized Mouse Models for HIV Research: NIH/NIAID "Meet the Experts" 2015 Workshop Summary.
abstract: The number of humanized mouse models for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other infectious diseases has expanded rapidly over the past 8 years. Highly immunodeficient mouse strains, such as NOD/SCID/gamma chain(null) (NSG, NOG), support better human hematopoietic cell engraftment. Another improvement is the derivation of highly immunodeficient mice, transgenic with human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and cytokines that supported development of HLA-restricted human T cells and heightened human myeloid cell engraftment. Humanized mice are also used to study the HIV reservoir using new imaging techniques. Despite these advances, there are still limitations in HIV immune responses and deficits in lymphoid structures in these models in addition to xenogeneic graft-versus-host responses. To understand and disseminate the improvements and limitations of humanized mouse models to the scientific community, the NIH sponsored and convened a meeting on April 15, 2015 to discuss the state of knowledge concerning these questions and best practices for selecting a humanized mouse model for a particular scientific investigation. This report summarizes the findings of the NIH meeting.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado.
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Akkina
authors.affiliation: 2 Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine , Silver Spring, Maryland.|3 U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland.
authors.forename: Atef
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Allam
authors.affiliation: 4 The Ragon Institute of MGH , MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Alejandro B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Balazs
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Joel N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Blankson
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope , Duarte, California.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.affiliation: 7 U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Program, Naval Medical Research Center , Silver Spring, Maryland.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casares
authors.affiliation: 8 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UNC Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: J Victor
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: 9 Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories , NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, Montana.
authors.forename: Kim J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hasenkrug
authors.affiliation: 10 School of Systems Biology, National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, George Mason University , Manassas, Virginia.
authors.forename: Fatah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kashanchi
authors.affiliation: 11 Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA AIDS Institute , Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Scott G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kitchen
authors.affiliation: 12 First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne, Germany .|13 Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne , Cologne, Germany .
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: 14 School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases/Internal Medicine, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Priti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: 15 Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases , Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Luster
authors.affiliation: 16 Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska.
authors.forename: Larisa Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Poluektova
authors.affiliation: 3 U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring, Maryland.
authors.forename: Mangala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: 17 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Brigitte E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Sanders-Beer
authors.affiliation: 18 The Jackson Laboratory , Bar Harbor, Maine.
authors.forename: Leonard D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Shultz
authors.affiliation: 11 Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA AIDS Institute , Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Jerome A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zack
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D054579:National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.); D014481:United States