title: Efficacy of Ramelteon in Patients with Insomnia and Nocturia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the efficacy of ramelteon for patients with insomnia and nocturia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine patients experiencing insomnia and two or more nocturnal voids were included. The degree of lower urinary tract symptoms and sleep disorders was evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)(1) score, and frequency/volume chart (FVC). The patients were treated with ramelteon (8 mg) for four weeks and then reexamined by questionnaire and FVC to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean IPSS score was 16.1 ± 6.9 at baseline and 12.4 ± 7.1 at four weeks. The subject scores for the number of nocturnal voids also decreased significantly from 3.3 ± 0.9 to 2.9 ± 1.0. In addition, PSQI scores improved significantly from 7.4 ± 2.9 to 5.4 ± 2.8. According to the FVC, the number of nocturnal voids decreased significantly from 3.1 ± 1.2 at baseline to 2.2 ± 1.1 at four weeks, and nighttime bladder capacity improved significantly from 181.4 ± 79.9 to 201.1 ± 93.7 mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ramelteon alleviated nocturia and disturbed sleep in patients with insomnia and nocturia and led to increased nighttime bladder capacity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tokumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Urology, Sakai Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishioka
keywords: lower urinary tract symptoms; nocturia; ramelteon