title: Adaptation and validation of the Moroccan Arabic version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the PIDAQ native English version into Moroccan Arabic, and to assess the psychometric characteristics of the version thereby obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PIDAQ original English version was sequentially subjected to translation into Moroccan Arabic, back-translation into English, committee review, and pre-testing in 30 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final Moroccan Arabic version further underwent an analysis of psychometric properties on a random sample of 99 adult subjects (84 females and 15 males, aged 20.97 ± 1.10 years). The intraclass coefficient correlation of the scores of the responses obtained after administration of the questionnaire twice at a 1-month interval to a random sample of 30 subjects ranged from 0.63 for "Self-confidence" to 0.85 for "Social Impact". Cronbach α coefficients ranging from 0.78 for "Aesthetic Concerns" to 0.87 for "Self-confidence" were obtained; the different subscales of the Moroccan Arabic version of the PIDAQ showed good correlation with the perception of aesthetics and orthodontic treatment need.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study indicate that the Moroccan Arabic version of the PIDAQ obtained following thorough adaptation of the native form is both reliable and valid. It is able to capture self-perception of orthodontic aesthetic and treatment need and is consistent with normative need for orthodontic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bourzgui
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale, Département Santé Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine de Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Serhier
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebbar
authors.affiliation: Département de Langue et Littérature anglaises, Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines Université Chouaib Doukkali Eljadida, B.P. 27, Route Ben Mâachou, 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diouny
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale, Département Santé Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine de Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bennani Othmani
authors.affiliation: Service d'Orthodontie, Département d'Odontologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Ngom
keywords: Adaptation and validation; Moroccan Arabic; Orthodontics; Quality of life; The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire