title: Implantable Graphene-based Neural Electrode Interfaces for Electrophysiology and Neurochemistry in In Vivo Hyperacute Stroke Model.
abstract: Implantable microelectrode arrays have attracted considerable interest due to their high temporal and spatial resolution recording of neuronal activity in tissues. We herein presented an implantable multichannel neural probe with multiple real-time monitoring of neural-chemical and neural-electrical signals by a nonenzymatic neural-chemical interface, which was designed by creating the newly developed reduced graphene oxide-gold oxide (rGO/Au2O3) nanocomposite electrode. The modified electrode on the neural probe was prepared by a facile one-step cyclic voltammetry (CV) electrochemical method with simultaneous occurrence of gold oxidation and GOs reduction to induce the intimate attachment by electrostatic interaction using chloride ions (Cl(-)). The rGO/Au2O3-modified electrode at a low deposition scan rate of 10 mVs(-1) displayed significantly improved electrocatalytic activity due to large active areas and well-dispersive attached rGO sheets. The in vitro amperometric response to H2O2 demonstrated a fast response of less than 5 s and a very low detection limit of 0.63 μM. In in vivo hyperacute stroke model, the concentration of H2O2 was measured as 100.48 ± 4.52 μM for rGO/Au2O3 electrode within 1 h photothrombotic stroke, which was much higher than that (71.92 μM ± 2.52 μM) for noncoated electrode via in vitro calibration. Simultaneously, the somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) test provided reliable and precise validation for detecting functional changes of neuronal activities. This newly developed implantable probe with localized rGO/Au2O3 nanocomposite electrode can serve as a rapid and reliable sensing platform for practical H2O2 detection in the brain or for other neural-chemical molecules in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University , No. 1001, Ta-Hsueh Rd., Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ta-Chung
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University , No. 181, Sec. 3, Taichung Port Rd., Taichung, Taiwan 407, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min-Chieh
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University , No. 1001, Ta-Hsueh Rd., Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chao-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University , No.5000 Forbes Avenue, Wean Hall 3325, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.
authors.forename: Wei-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University , No.866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hsin-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University , No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, Taiwan 112, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chao-Ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , No.2200 Bonisteel Boulevard, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2099, United States.
authors.forename: Wei-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University , No. 1001, Ta-Hsueh Rd., Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Republic of China.
authors.forename: San-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University , No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, Taiwan 112, Republic of China.
authors.forename: You-Yin
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D009448:Neurochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D006108:Graphite
keywords: electrophysiology; multichannel neural probe; neurochemistry; rGO/Au2O3 nanocomposite; stroke