title: Measuring Biological Age via Metabonomics: The Metabolic Age Score.
abstract: Chronological age is one of the most important risk factors for adverse clinical outcome. Still, two individuals at the same chronological age could have different biological aging states, leading to different individual risk profiles. Capturing this individual variance could constitute an even more powerful predictor enhancing prediction in age-related morbidity. Applying a nonlinear regression technique, we constructed a metabonomic measurement for biological age, the metabolic age score, based on urine data measured via (1)H NMR spectroscopy. We validated the score in two large independent population-based samples by revealing its significant associations with chronological age and age-related clinical phenotypes as well as its independent predictive value for survival over approximately 13 years of follow-up. Furthermore, the metabolic age score was prognostic for weight loss in a sample of individuals who underwent bariatric surgery. We conclude that the metabolic age score is an informative measurement of biological age with possible applications in personalized medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald , 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hertel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Nele
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.affiliation: German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald , 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wittfeld
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Maik
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pietzner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Budde
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald , 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van der Auwera
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Municipal Hospital of Dresden-Neustadt , 01129 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lohmann
authors.affiliation: Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teumer
authors.affiliation: DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|DZD (German Centre for Diabetes Research), University Medicine , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Völzke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nauck
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald, Germany.|German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Site Rostock/Greifswald , 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans Jörgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Grabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Metabonomics; NMR; SHIP; aging; mortality; multimorbidity; nonlinear regression techniques