title: [Tracheostomy techniques].
abstract: Due to the comprehensive establishment of modern techniques, tracheostomy has become a routine procedure in intensive care units (ICU). The negative effects of prolonged translaryngeal intubation on the laryngeal and tracheal mucosa up to tracheal stenosis can be reduced by tracheostomy. Furthermore, long-term ventilation is facilitated; however, there is no clear evidence on the optimal timing of tracheostomy in critically ill patients. The specific indications and contraindications of surgical as well as percutaneous tracheostomy must be strictly observed for a safe and successful intervention. Exchanging the tracheostomy tube may lead to potentially dangerous situations especially after percutaneous tracheostomy. A standardized and structured approach is therefore recommended.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland. Markus.Mieth@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mieth
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus Kassel, Kassel, Deutschland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schellhaaß
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hüttner
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Larmann
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weigand
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Büchler
mesh_terms: D058109:Airway Management / Q000379:methods; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects; D008134:Long-Term Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014140:Tracheotomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
keywords: Airway management; Complications; Intensive care; Percutaneous tracheostomy; Tracheostomy