title: The influence of phytoncides on the immune system of broiler chickens and turkeys.
abstract: The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of adiSalmoSOL PF dietary supplement, given for 3 days in drinking water, on selected parameters of cell-mediated (Experiment I) and humoral (Experiment II) immunity in chicken and turkey broilers. In Experiment I, birds were randomly divided into two groups of 10 birds each. Group 1 comprised control turkeys or chickens, whereas group 2 birds were administered adiSalmo(SOL)PF. In Experiment II, a total of 69 chickens were divided into three groups (1-3) of 23 birds each. At the age of 25 days, group 1 was given adiSalmo(SOL)PF. Birds from groups 1-3 were vaccinated at 28 days of age. Group 2 was given adiSalmo(SOL)PF after vaccination. In Experiment I, a significant increase in percentages of CD4 + T lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius, cecal tonsils and spleen, CD8 + T lymphocytes in the thymus and spleen, CD4 + CD8 + T lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius and ileal mucosa and IgM + B lymphocyte in the ileal mucosa were observed in group 2 chickens. In Experiment I, a significant increase in percentages of CD4 + T lymphocytes in the thymus and spleen, CD8+ T lymphocytes in the cecal tonsils and blood, and CD4 + CD8 + T lymphocytes in the thymus and ileal mucosa was recorded in group 2 turkeys. No differences in percentages of IgM + B lymphocytes were observed between turkey groups. In Experiment II, the highest post-vaccination titers of anti-IB antibodies were observed in group 2, but it was not statistically significant. The results of our study indicate that adiSalmo(SOL)PF showed immunomodulatory activity in chickens and turkeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koncicki
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Śmiałek
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury.
authors.forename: Bartłomiej
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tykałowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pestka
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stenzel
keywords: cell-mediated immunity; chickens; humoral immunity; phytoncides; turkeys