title: Evaluation of success of alveolar cleft bone graft performed at 5 years versus 10 years of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although alveolar cleft bone grafting is the most widely accepted approach, controversies remain on the operative timing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive retrospective series of 28 patients who received alveolar bone grafting was examined and divided into 2 groups depending on the age at the time of bone graft. Group A (14 patients) was operated at a mean age of 5.2 years [range, 4-7] and Group B (14 patients) at a mean age of 10 years [range, 8.5-13]. All the children were assessed clinically and by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) before bone grafting and 6 months post-operatively. Cleft and bone graft dimensions, volumes were assessed using Osirix v.3.9.2. Residual bone graft coefficient (Bone Graft Volume on 6-months Postoperative CBCT/Alveolar Cleft Volume) was calculated. Complications, tooth movement or dental agenesis were also reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample was uniform within both groups, considering cleft forms, pre-surgical fistula rate and cleft volume. Residual bone graft coefficient reached 63.3% in Group A and 46.2% in Group B (p = 0.012). Results of residual bone graft are also influenced by tooth eruption through the graft (p = 0.007 in Group A and p = 0.02 in Group B).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This 3D analysis highlighted higher success of alveolar bone grafts when children are operated earlier around 5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic study. Level III/retrospective comparative study.
authors.affiliation: Cleft Competence Center, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Catherine Bruant-Rodier, MD, PHD), Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France. Electronic address: carodissaux@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dissaux
authors.affiliation: Cleft Competence Center, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Catherine Bruant-Rodier, MD, PHD), Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bodin
authors.affiliation: Cleft Competence Center, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Catherine Bruant-Rodier, MD, PHD), Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grollemund
authors.affiliation: Cleft Competence Center, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Catherine Bruant-Rodier, MD, PHD), Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bridonneau
authors.affiliation: Cleft Competence Center, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Catherine Bruant-Rodier, MD, PHD), Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France; Pediatric Surgery Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kauffmann
authors.affiliation: Imaging Department, CBCT Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France; Cabinet de radiologie et d'imagerie médicale de Bischwiller, 13 rue Poincaré, 67240 Bischwiller, France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mattern
authors.affiliation: Cleft Competence Center, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department (Head: Catherine Bruant-Rodier, MD, PHD), Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bruant-Rodier
mesh_terms: D064728:Alveolar Bone Grafting; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Alveolar bone grafting; Cleft lip and palate; Treatment outcome measures