title: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Video-Urodynamic Characteristics of Women with Clinically Unsuspected Bladder Outlet Obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and video-urodynamic characteristics of women with clinically unsuspected bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1997 to 2010, a total of 1605 women with bothersome LUTS received video-urodynamic study in our unit. We reviewed the charts of 212 women diagnosed with BOO based on video-urodynamic criteria and 264 women without abnormal findings. LUTS and urodynamic parameters were compared between obstructed and unobstructed cases and among the BOO subgroups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ages of the BOO (58.2 years) and control groups (58.8 years) were similar. The mean values of detrusor pressure at maximum urinary flow rate (Pdet Qmax )/maximum flow rate (Qmax ) of the BOO and control groups were 51.83 cm H2 O/10.22 mL/s versus 18.81 cm H2 O/20.52 mL/s. In the BOO group, cinefluoroscopy revealed dysfunctional voiding in 168 patients (79.2%), urethral stricture in 17 (8.0%), and bladder neck dysfunction in 27 (12.7%). Patients with dysfunctional voiding had significantly lower urethral resistance compared with the other two BOO subgroups. Combined lower urinary tract symptoms were present most often in all BOO patients (69.3%), followed by isolated storage symptoms (30.2%) and isolated voiding symptoms (0.5%). Seventy-seven patients (37.3%) had dysuria and 79 patients (36.3%) had frequency as their main symptom.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with BOO usually have nonspecific LUTS. Dysfunctional voiding was the most common form among women with clinically unsuspected BOO, but the degree of obstruction was less severe than with primary bladder neck obstruction and urethral stricture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fei-Chi
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Hui
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDepartment of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hann-Chorng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kuo
keywords: bladder neck dysfunction; bladder outlet obstruction; dysfunctional voiding; urethral stricture