title: Impact of Computerized Order Entry to Pharmacy Interface on Order-Infusion Pump Discrepancies.
abstract: Background. The ability of safety technologies to decrease errors, harm, and risk to patients has yet to be demonstrated consistently. Objective. To compare discrepancies between medication and intravenous fluid (IVF) orders and bedside infusion pump settings within a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) before and after implementation of an interface between computerized physician order entry (CPOE) and pharmacy systems. Methods. Within a 72-bed PICU, medication and IVF orders in the CPOE system and bedside infusion pump settings were collected. Rates of discrepancy were calculated and categorized by type. Results were compared to a study conducted prior to interface implementation. Expansion of PICU also occurred between study periods. Results. Of 455 observations, discrepancy rate decreased for IVF (p = 0.01) compared to previous study. Overall discrepancy rate for medications was unchanged; however, medications infusing without an order decreased (p < 0.01), and orders without corresponding infusion increased (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Following implementation of an interface between CPOE and pharmacy systems, fewer discrepancies between IVF orders and infusion pump settings were observed. Discrepancies for medications did not change, and some types of discrepancies increased. In addition to interface implementation, changes in healthcare delivery and workflow related to ICU expansion contributed to observed changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1871-9227
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Triscari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murkowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Scanlon