title: Load to Failure and Stiffness: Anchor Placement and Suture Pattern Effects on Load to Failure in Rotator Cuff Repairs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a frequent cause of shoulder pain that can lead to decreased strength and range of motion. Failures after using the single-row technique of rotator cuff repair have led to the development of the double-row technique, which is said to allow for more anatomical restoration of the footprint.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare 5 different types of suture patterns while maintaining equality in number of anchors. The hypothesis was that the Mason-Allen-crossed cruciform transosseous-equivalent technique is superior to other suture configurations while maintaining equality in suture limbs and anchors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 25 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were randomized into 5 suture configuration groups: single-row repair with simple stitch technique; single-row repair with modified Mason-Allen technique; double-row Mason-Allen technique; double-row cross-bridge technique; and double-row suture bridge technique. Load and displacement were recorded at 100 Hz until failure. Stiffness and bone mineral density were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in peak load at failure, stiffness, maximum displacement at failure, or mean bone mineral density among the 5 suture configuration groups (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to study results, when choosing a repair technique, other factors such as number of sutures in the repair should be considered to judge the strength of the repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous in vitro studies have shown the double-row rotator cuff repair to be superior to the single-row repair; however, clinical research does not necessarily support this. This study found no difference when comparing 5 different repair methods, supporting research that suggests the number of sutures and not the pattern can affect biomechanical properties.
authors.affiliation: Detroit Medical Center Sports Medicine, Warren, Michigan, USA. ; Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Esquivel
authors.affiliation: Detroit Medical Center Sports Medicine, Warren, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.affiliation: Detroit Medical Center Sports Medicine, Warren, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Nikola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dobrasevic
authors.affiliation: Detroit Medical Center Sports Medicine, Warren, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.affiliation: Detroit Medical Center Sports Medicine, Warren, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lemos
keywords: arthroscopic surgery; biomechanics; rotator cuff; rotator cuff repair; shoulder; suture pattern