title: Hydroxyurea-induced Pneumonitis in a Patient with Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: An Autopsy Case.
abstract: We describe the case of an 85-year-old man diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia whose disease was treated with hydroxyurea for 3 months. He developed respiratory symptoms that were extensively investigated. Despite the intensive treatment, he died of respiratory failure eleven days later. An autopsy revealed diffuse interstitial inflammation of both lungs consistent with drug-induced inflammation. A drug lymphocyte stimulation test was positive for hydroxyurea. Taken together these findings demonstrated that severe interstitial pneumonitis was induced by this drug. Physicians using hydroxyurea must be aware of its potentially life-threatening pulmonary toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanayama
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Tomohito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwako
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamide
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomizawa
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takeki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaira
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibusawa
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sunaga
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisada
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoo
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001344:Autopsy; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015477:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D006918:Hydroxyurea