title: Three Types of Cortical Layer 5 Neurons That Differ in Brain-wide Connectivity and Function.
abstract: Cortical layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neurons integrate inputs from many sources and distribute outputs to cortical and subcortical structures. Previous studies demonstrate two L5 pyramid types: cortico-cortical (CC) and cortico-subcortical (CS). We characterize connectivity and function of these cell types in mouse primary visual cortex and reveal a new subtype. Unlike previously described L5 CC and CS neurons, this new subtype does not project to striatum [cortico-cortical, non-striatal (CC-NS)] and has distinct morphology, physiology, and visual responses. Monosynaptic rabies tracing reveals that CC neurons preferentially receive input from higher visual areas, while CS neurons receive more input from structures implicated in top-down modulation of brain states. CS neurons are also more direction-selective and prefer faster stimuli than CC neurons. These differences suggest distinct roles as specialized output channels, with CS neurons integrating information and generating responses more relevant to movement control and CC neurons being more important in visual perception.
authors.affiliation: Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Euiseok J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Juavinett
authors.affiliation: Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Espoir M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kyubwa
authors.affiliation: Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: callaway@salk.edu.
authors.forename: Edward M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Callaway
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*