title: Anthocyanin contents in the seed coat of black soya bean and their anti-human tyrosinase activity and antioxidative activity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The seed coat of black soya bean (SCBS) contains high amount of anthocyanins and shows antioxidant and anti-mushroom tyrosinase activities. The objectives of this study were to analyse the anthocyanins in SCBS with different solvents and to find the relationship between anthocyanin profile with anti-human and anti-mushroom tyrosinase activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  SCBS was extracted with hot water, 50 and 80% ethanol, 50 and 80% acetone and 50 and 80% acidified acetone. Total phenol and total flavonoid contents in the extracts were determined. Anthocyanins in the extracts were analysed using HPLC and LC/MS/MS. A genetically engineered human tyrosinase was used to evaluate the anti-tyrosinase potential of the extracts from SCBS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  80% acetone extract from SCBS obtained the highest total phenol, total flavonoid and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) contents among all the extracts, whereas the hot water extract showed the lowest antioxidant contents. Three anthocyanin compounds were found in all the extracts from SCBS, and the analysis of HPLC and LC/MS/MS indicated that they were C3G, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G) and peonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G). The ratios of C3G (2.84 mg g(-1) ), D3G (0.34 mg g(-1) ) and P3G (0.35 mg g(-1) ) in 80% acidified acetone extract were 76.6, 9.1 and 9.3%, respectively. All the extracts from SCBS possessed anti-human tyrosinase activity. Moreover, a good correlation was found between the anti-human tyrosinase activities and C3G contents in the extracts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antioxidants in SCBS also possess anti-human and anti-mushroom tyrosinase activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung City, 43301, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: J-K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung City, 43301, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist., Taichung City, 43301, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: G-H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Rd, Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Rd, Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Rd, Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: C-K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase
keywords: anthocyanins; antioxidant; black soya bean; human tyrosinase