title: Nurses' Attitudes Toward Clinical Research: Experience of the Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand factors affecting nurses' attitudes toward the Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest trials and association with approach/consent rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey of pediatric/cardiac intensive care nurses' perceptions of the trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study was conducted at 16 of 38 self-selected study sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric and cardiac intensive care nurses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary outcome was the proportion of nurses with positive perceptions, as defined by agree or strongly agree with the statement "I am happy to take care of a Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest patient". Associations between perceptions and study approach/consent rates were also explored. Of 2,241 nurses invited, 1,387 (62%) completed the survey and 77% reported positive perceptions of the trials. Nurses, who felt positively about the scientific question, the study team, and training received, were more likely to have positive perceptions of the trials (p < 0.001). Nurses who had previously cared for a research patient had significantly more positive perceptions of Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest compared with those who had not (79% vs 54%; p < 0.001). Of the 754 nurses who cared for a Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest patient, 82% had positive perceptions, despite 86% reporting it required more work. Sixty-nine percent believed that hypothermia reduces brain injury and mortality; sites had lower consent rates when their nurses believed that hypothermia was beneficial. Institution-specific approach rates were positively correlated with nurses' perceptions of institutional support for the trial (r = 0.54; p = 0.04), ICU support (r = 0.61; p = 0.02), and the importance of conducting the trial in children (r = 0.61; p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of nurses had positive perceptions of the Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest trials. Institutional, colleague, and study team support and training were contributing factors. Despite increased work, nurses remained enthusiastic demonstrating that studies with intensive bedside nursing procedures are feasible. Institutions whose nurses believed hypothermia was beneficial had lower consent rates, suggesting that educating nurses on study rationale and equipoise may enhance study participation.
authors.affiliation: 1Office of the Senior Vice President, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. 3Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA. 4Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. 5Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center/Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY. 6Department of Critical Care, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC. 7Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI. 8Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI. 9The Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Brittan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Browning
authors.forename: Kent E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Renee L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: DiLiberto
authors.forename: Jendar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deschenes
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taillie
authors.forename: Elyse
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tomanio
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holubkov
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Moler
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meert
authors.forename: Victoria L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Pemberton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D035843:Biomedical Research; D002648:Child; D064648:Critical Care Nursing; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000451:nursing*; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult