title: Recent Progress towards Novel EV71 Anti-Therapeutics and Vaccines.
abstract: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a group of viruses that belongs to the Picornaviridae family, which also includes viruses such as polioviruses. EV71, together with coxsackieviruses, is widely known for its association with Hand Foot Mouth Disease (HFMD), which generally affects children age five and below. Besides HFMD, EV71 can also trigger more severe and life-threatening neurological conditions such as encephalitis. Considering the lack of a vaccine and antiviral drug against EV71, together with the increasing spread of these viruses, the development of such drugs and vaccines becomes the top priority in protecting our younger generations. This article, hence, reviews some of the recent progress in the formulations of anti-therapeutics and vaccine generation for EV71, covering (i) inactivated vaccines; (ii) baculovirus-expressed vaccines against EV71; (iii) human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment; and (iv) the use of monoclonal antibody therapy as a prevention and treatment for EV71 infections.
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore. qingyong@tll.org.sg.
authors.forename: Qingyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore. hefang@tll.org.sg.|College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310013, China. hefang@tll.org.sg.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Biotechnology, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore. kwanghs@163.com.|Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore. kwanghs@163.com.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwang
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: anti-therapeutics; baculovirus; enterovirus 71; human intravenous immunoglobulin; inactivated vaccines; monoclonal antibodies; vaccines