title: Induction of apoptosis by zerumbone isolated from Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith in protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani due to oxidative stress.
abstract: In the present context of emergence of resistance aligned with the conventional anti-leishmanial drugs and occasional treatment failure compelled us to continue the search for replaceable therapeutic leads against Leishmania infection. Various ginger spices of the Zingiberaceae family are widely used as spices, flavouring agents, and medicines in Southeast Asia because of their unique flavour as well as due to their medicinal properties. Zerumbone, a natural component of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith, has been studied for its pharmacological potential as antiulcer, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial. In this study, we have shown that zerumbone could induce ROS mediated apoptosis in Leishmania donovani promastigotes and also found effective in reducing intracellular amastigotes in infected-macrophages. We emphasized the potential of zerumbone to be employed in the development of new therapeutic drugs against L. donovani infection and provided the basis for future research on the application of transitional medicinal plants.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Debarati
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioresource and Sustainable Development, Imphal, Manipur, India.
authors.forename: Chingakham Brajakishor
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Somaditya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Supratim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Joydip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Suvadip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mallick
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Aabid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, S. Kula Women's College, Nambol 795134, Manipur, India.
authors.forename: Ningombam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Swapana
authors.affiliation: National Center for Natural Product Chemistry and Department of Bimolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, USA.
authors.forename: Samir Anis
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: cpcu.immunology@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chiranjib
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008264:Macrophages / Q000382:microbiology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C403304:zerumbone
keywords: Anti-leishmanial; Leishmania donovani; ROS; Zerumbone; Zingiber zerumbet