title: Effect of Intensive Training on Mood With No Effect on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Monitoring mood state is a useful tool for avoiding nonfunctional overreaching. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in stress-related mood disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of intensified training-induced mood disturbance on plasma BDNF concentrations at rest and in response to exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight cyclists performed 1 wk of normal (NT), 1 wk of intensified (INT), and 1 wk of recovery (REC) training. Fasted blood samples were collected before and after exercise on day 7 of each training week and analyzed for plasma BDNF and cortisol concentrations. A 24-item Profile of Mood State questionnaire was administered on day 7 of each training week, and global mood score (GMS) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Time-trial performance was impaired during INT (P = .01) and REC (P = .02) compared with NT. Basal plasma cortisol (NT = 153 ± 16 ng/mL, INT = 130 ± 11 ng/mL, REC = 150 ± 14 ng/ml) and BDNF (NT = 484 ± 122 pg/mL, INT = 488 ± 122 pg/mL, REC = 383 ± 56 pg/mL) concentrations were similar between training conditions. Likewise, similar exercise-induced increases in cortisol and BDNF concentrations were observed between training conditions. GMS was 32% greater during INT vs NT (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consistent with a state of functional overreaching (FOR), impairments in performance and mood state with INT were restored after 1 wk of REC. These results support evidence for mood changes before plasma BDNF concentrations as a biochemical marker of FOR and that cortisol is not a useful marker for predicting FOR.
authors.forename: Maria Francesca
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.forename: Oliver C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Witard
authors.forename: Cajsa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tonoli
authors.forename: Sarah R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Jackman
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Arie K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kies
authors.forename: Asker E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Jeukendrup
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Tipton
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meeusen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D010807:Physical Endurance; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: cortisol; functional overreaching; neurotrophins; psychological mood state; trained cyclists