title: Endovascular treatment of intracranial infectious aneurysms in eloquent cortex with super-selective provocative testing: Case series and literature review.
abstract: Intracranial infectious aneurysms (IIAs) are a rare subgroup of intracranial aneurysms. Often erroneously termed mycotic aneurysms, these lesions most often result from infectious endocarditis and involve the distal anterior cortical circulation. Diagnosis typically follows headaches or septic infarcts, although increasing numbers of lesions are found incidentally, during screening protocols for infectious endocarditis. Open surgical treatment was previously the mainstay of treatment; however, these IIAs are often fusiform and quite fragile, making open surgical obliteration difficult and typically requiring lesion trapping. Current treatment techniques more commonly involve endovascular coil embolization or parent vessel occlusion. Many of these lesions occur distally, in or around the eloquent cortex, making embolization potentially dangerous. We present cases that highlight the use of super-selective provocative testing with sodium amobarbital and lidocaine, to help clarify and predict the risk of parent vessel occlusion in IIAs located in the eloquent cortex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Fusco
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA christoph.griessenauer@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Christoph J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Griessenauer
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Ajith J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ogilvy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002494:Central Nervous System Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aneurysm; Wada testing; aneurysm embolization; awake brain surgery; eloquent cortex; infectious endocarditis; intracranial infectious embolism