title: Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix: Basic Characteristics and Current Applications in Orthopedic Tissue Engineering.
abstract: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and intricate microenvironment with excellent biophysical, biomechanical, and biochemical properties, which can directly or indirectly regulate cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and differentiation, as well as plays key roles in homeostasis and regeneration of tissues and organs. The ECM has attracted a great deal of attention with the rapid development of tissue engineering in the field of regenerative medicine. Tissue-derived ECM scaffolds (also referred to as decellularized tissues and whole organs) are considered a promising therapy for the repair of musculoskeletal defects, including those that are widely used in orthopedics, although there are a few shortcomings. Similar to tissue-derived ECM scaffolds, cell-derived ECM scaffolds also have highly advantageous biophysical and biochemical properties, in particular their ability to be produced in vitro from a number of different cell types. Furthermore, cell-derived ECM scaffolds more closely resemble native ECM microenvironments. The products of cell-derived ECM have a wide range of biomedical applications; these include reagents for cell culture substrates and biomaterials for scaffolds, hybrid scaffolds, and living cell sheet coculture systems. Although cell-derived ECM has only just begun to be investigated, it has great potential as a novel approach for cell-based tissue repair in orthopedic tissue engineering. This review summarizes and analyzes the various types of cell-derived ECM products applied in cartilage, bone, and nerve tissue engineering in vitro or in vivo and discusses future directions for investigation of cell-derived ECM.
authors.affiliation: 1 First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University , Jiamusi, China .
authors.forename: Weixiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 2 Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing, China .
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Harbin, China .
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 2 Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing, China .
authors.forename: Quanyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: 2 Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing, China .|4 The Neural Regeneration Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Province , Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China .
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: 1 First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University , Jiamusi, China .
authors.forename: Shichen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1 First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University , Jiamusi, China .
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 2 Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing, China .|4 The Neural Regeneration Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Province , Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China .
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D006801:Humans; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds