title: Prevalence and risk factors for reduced sound tolerance (hyperacusis) in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of reduced sound tolerance (hyperacusis) in a UK population of 11-year-old children and examine the association of early life and auditory risk factors with report of hyperacusis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective UK population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 7097 eleven-year-old children within the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children (ALSPAC) were asked about sound tolerance; hearing and middle-ear function was measured using audiometry, otoacoustic emissions, and tympanometry. Information on neonatal risk factors and socioeconomic factors were obtained through parental questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3.7% (95% CI 3.25, 4.14) children reported hyperacusis. Hyperacusis report was less likely in females (adj OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.49, 0.85), and was more likely with higher maternal education level (adj OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.08, 2.72) and with readmission to hospital in first four weeks (adj OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.20, 3.25). Report of hyperacusis was associated with larger amplitude otoacoustic emissions but with no other auditory factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of hyperacusis in the population of 11-year-old UK children is estimated to be 3.7%. It is more common in boys.
authors.affiliation: a Children's Hearing Centre , University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust , Bristol , UK .|b Centre for Child and Adolescent Health , School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol , UK .
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: a Children's Hearing Centre , University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust , Bristol , UK .|c School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol , UK .
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Humphriss
authors.affiliation: d Audiology Department , Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Cambridge , UK .|e Department of Vision and Hearing Sciences , Anglia Ruskin University , Cambridge , UK , and.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Baguley
authors.affiliation: f Community Children's Health Partnership, North Bristol NHS Trust , Bristol , UK.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Child and Adolescent Health , School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol , UK .
authors.forename: Colin D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Steer
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012001:Hyperacusis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: ALSPAC; hearing; hyperacusis