title: THI1, a Thiamine Thiazole Synthase, Interacts with Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase CPK33 and Modulates the S-Type Anion Channels and Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Thiamine is required for both plant growth and development. Here, the involvement of a thiamine thiazole synthase, THI1, has been demonstrated in both guard cell abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and the drought response in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). THI1 overexpressors proved to be more sensitive to ABA than the wild type with respect to both the activation of guard cell slow type anion channels and stomatal closure; this effectively reduced the rate of water loss from the plant and thereby enhanced its level of drought tolerance. A yeast two-hybrid strategy was used to screen a cDNA library from epidermal strips of leaves for THI1 regulatory factors, and identified CPK33, a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase, as interactor with THI1 in a plasma membrane-delimited manner. Loss-of-function cpk33 mutants were hypersensitive to ABA activation of slow type anion channels and ABA-induced stomatal closure, while the CPK33 overexpression lines showed opposite phenotypes. CPK33 kinase activity was essential for ABA-induced stomatal closure. Consistent with their contrasting regulatory role over stomatal closure, THI1 suppressed CPK33 kinase activity in vitro. Together, our data reveal a novel regulatory role of thiamine thiazole synthase to kinase activity in guard cell signaling.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Long
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Meng
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Hua
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China weizhang@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000838:Anions; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000040:Abscisic Acid; D000838:Anions; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002118:Calcium; D007473:Ion Channels; D011494:Protein Kinases; C437085:THI1 protein, Arabidopsis; C000611601:CPK33 protein, Arabidopsis; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases