title: Phenytoin carried by silica core iron oxide nanoparticles reduces the expression of pharmacoresistant seizures in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was focused to evaluate the anticonvulsant effects of phenytoin (PHT) loaded in the silica core of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in an animal model with pharmacoresistant seizures.
  
  
  METHODS
  PHT-loaded NPs were synthesized and characterized. The anticonvulsant effects of PHT-loaded NPs were investigated in rats with pharmacoresistant seizures associated with brain P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In P-gp-overexpressing rats, administration of PHT-loaded NPs resulted in reduced prevalence of clonus (40% p < 0.05) and tonic-clonic seizures (20%; p < 0.02). These effects were not evident when animals were treated with PHT not loaded in the NPs. The results obtained support the notion that NPs can be used as drugs carriers to the brain with pharmacoresistant seizures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacobiology, Center of Research & Advanced Studies, Calz. de los Tenorios No. 235. Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, Tlalpan, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Argelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosillo-de la Torre
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group, Center of Research & Advanced Studies, Querétaro Unit, Libramiento Norponiente #2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lizbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zurita-Olvera
authors.affiliation: Unit for Medical Research in Neurological Diseases, National Medical Center, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330. Col. Doctores, 06720, Cuauhtémoc, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orozco-Suárez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Engineer & Technology, Autonomus University of Juarez City, Av. del Charro no. 450 Nte. Col. Partido Romero, 32310, Juarez City, Chihuahua, Mexico.
authors.forename: Perla E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Garcia Casillas
authors.affiliation: Unit for Medical Research in Neurological Diseases, National Medical Center, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330. Col. Doctores, 06720, Cuauhtémoc, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Hermelinda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salgado-Ceballos
authors.affiliation: Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group, Center of Research & Advanced Studies, Querétaro Unit, Libramiento Norponiente #2000, Fracc. Real de Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luna-Bárcenas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacobiology, Center of Research & Advanced Studies, Calz. de los Tenorios No. 235. Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, Tlalpan, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide; D010672:Phenytoin; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
keywords: P-glycoprotein; blood–brain barrier; nanoparticles; neuronal excitability; pharmacorresistance; phenytoin