title: Combined Low-Intensity Exercise and Ascorbic Acid Attenuates Kainic Acid-Induced Seizure and Oxidative Stress in Mice.
abstract: Physical exercise and vitamins such as ascorbic acid (ASC) have been recognized as an effective strategy in neuroprotection and neurorehabilitatioin. However, there is a need to find an efficient treatment regimen that includes ASC and low-intensity exercise to diminish the risk of overtraining and nutritional treatment by attenuating oxidative stress. In the present study, we investigated the combined effect of low-intensity physical exercise (EX) and ASC on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure activity and oxidative stress in mice. The mice were randomly assigned into groups as follows: "KA only" (n = 11), "ASC + KA" (n = 11), "Ex + KA" (n = 11), "ASC + Ex + KA" (n = 11). In the present study, low intensity of swimming training period lasted 8 weeks and consisted of 30-min sessions daily (three times per week) without tail weighting. Although no preventive effect of low-intensity exercise or ASC on KA seizure occurrence was evident, there was a decrease of seizure activity, seizure development (latency to first seizures), and mortality in "ASC + Ex + KA" compared to "ASC + KA", "Ex + KA", and "KA only" group. In addition, a preventive synergistic coordination of low-intensity exercise and ASC was evident in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity compared to separate treatment. These results suggest that low-intensity exercise and ASC treatment have preventive effects on seizure activity and development with alternation of oxidative status.
authors.affiliation: Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.|Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Wook
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Aribio Sports Science Institute, Yong In University, Yongin, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongkyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Sports Wellness Center, Yong In University, Yongin, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoonseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eung Nam
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Industry and Science, Department of Sports and Health Management, Mokwon University, Taejon, Korea. skim82@nate.com.
authors.forename: Sok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007608:Kainic Acid; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D007608:Kainic Acid
keywords: Ascorbic acid; Kainic acid; Low-intensity swimming; Oxidative stress; Seizure activity