title: Intraoperative pulmonary function dynamics in adolescents undergoing reduction mammoplasty: A prospective case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Improvement of lung function following reduction mammoplasty has been previously reported among adult populations in the medical literature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the intraoperative dynamics of pulmonary function in adolescents undergoing reduction mammoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study is a prospective case series of female patients 13 to 18 years of age who underwent inferior pedicle reduction mammoplasty between November 20, 2006 and April 4, 2011. Documented variables included patient baseline characteristics, operation duration, muscle relaxant use and total breast tissue removed. Intraoperative pulmonary function data documented included: tidal volume, respiratory rate, peak inspiratory pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure, oxygen saturation percentage and pulmonary compliance. Differences in pulmonary function data were calculated as ratio between final and initial intraoperative values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six patients were included in the analysis. Mean (± SD) age was 16.9±1.1 years and mean body mass index was 28.9±6.1 kg/m(2). Mean operation time was 218±52 min, with average total bilateral breast tissue removal of 1810±1065 g. Improvement in lung compliance was observed in 24 patients (92.3%; P<0.0001). Mean intraoperative lung compliance improvement was 23.92% (95% CI 8.3% to 37%; P=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative improvement in lung compliance was observed in adolescent patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;
authors.forename: Itay
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wiser
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;
authors.forename: Krity
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahon
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yaniv
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel;
authors.forename: Ella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ziv
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; ; Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Narin Nard
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Carmel
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; ; Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;
authors.forename: Lior
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heller
keywords: Adolescents; Breast reduction; Pulmonary compliance; Reduction mammoplasty