title: Unique roles of Akt1 and Akt2 in IGF-IR mediated lung tumorigenesis.
abstract: AKT is a serine-threonine kinase that becomes hyperactivated in a number of cancers including lung cancer. Based on AKT's association with malignancy, molecules targeting AKT have entered clinical trials for solid tumors including lung cancer. However, the AKT inhibitors being evaluated in clinical trials indiscriminately inhibit all three AKT isoforms (AKT1-3) and it remains unclear whether AKT isoforms have overlapping or divergent functions. Using a transgenic mouse model where IGF-IR overexpression drives lung tumorigenesis, we found that loss of Akt1 inhibited while loss of Akt2 enhanced lung tumor development. Lung tumors that developed in the absence of Akt2 were less likely to appear as discrete nodules and more frequently displayed a dispersed growth pattern. RNA sequencing revealed a number of genes differentially expressed in lung tumors lacking Akt2 and five of these genes, Actc1, Bpifa1, Mmp2, Ntrk2, and Scgb3a2 have been implicated in human lung cancer. Using 2 human lung cancer cell lines, we observed that a selective AKT1 inhibitor, A-674563, was a more potent regulator of cell survival than the pan-AKT inhibitor, MK-2206. This study suggests that compounds selectively targeting AKT1 may prove more effective than compounds that inhibit all three AKT isoforms at least in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: S Elizabeth
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ritesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Briah
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Moorehead
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; C514862:Akt1 protein, mouse; C494922:Akt2 protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: Akt; IGF-IR; lung cancer; transgenic mice; tumor development