title: Isoform diversity in the Arp2/3 complex determines actin filament dynamics.
abstract: The Arp2/3 complex consists of seven evolutionarily conserved subunits (Arp2, Arp3 and ARPC1-5) and plays an essential role in generating branched actin filament networks during many different cellular processes. In mammals, however, the ARPC1 and ARPC5 subunits are each encoded by two isoforms that are 67% identical. This raises the possibility that Arp2/3 complexes with different properties may exist.  We found that Arp2/3 complexes containing ARPC1B and ARPC5L are significantly better at promoting actin assembly than those with ARPC1A and ARPC5, both in cells and in vitro. Branched actin networks induced by complexes containing ARPC1B or ARPC5L are also disassembled ∼2-fold slower than those formed by their counterparts. This difference reflects the ability of cortactin to stabilize ARPC1B- and ARPC5L- but not ARPC1A- and ARPC5-containing complexes against coronin-mediated disassembly. Our observations demonstrate that the Arp2/3 complex in higher eukaryotes is actually a family of complexes with different properties.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Jasmine V G
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Abella
authors.affiliation: Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galloni
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurale, I2BC, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pernier
authors.affiliation: Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.affiliation: The Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Svend
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kjær
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurale, I2BC, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Marie-France
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Carlier
authors.affiliation: Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Way
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D051377:Actin-Related Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051378:Actin-Related Protein 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000091302:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D051356:Cortactin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C495926:ACTR2 protein, human; C495928:ACTR3 protein, human; D051377:Actin-Related Protein 2; D051378:Actin-Related Protein 3; C495929:Actr3 protein, mouse; D000091302:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins; C485793:Angptl2 protein, mouse; C495868:CTTN protein, human; D051356:Cortactin; C495869:Cttn protein, mouse; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; C072061:coronin proteins