title: MANAGEMENT OF OMPHALOPHLEBITIS AND UMBILICAL HERNIA IN THREE NEONATAL GIRAFFE (GIRAFFA CAMELOPARDALIS).
abstract: Umbilical disorders, including omphalophlebitis, omphaloarteritis, external umbilical abscesses, urachal abscesses, patent urachus, and umbilical hernias, represent a significant challenge to the health and well-being of a neonate. The three neonatal giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in this report were evaluated for umbilical swellings. Two developed omphalophlebitis, and one had an uncomplicated umbilical hernia. Omphalophlebitis is an inflammation and/or infection of the umbilical vein. Giraffe calves with a failure of passive transfer may be predisposed and should be thoroughly evaluated for the condition. Umbilical hernias result from a failure of the umbilical ring to close after parturition or from malformation of the umbilical ring during embryogenesis. These problems were surgically corrected for all three individuals, although one died due to postsurgical complications. The risks involved include anesthetic complications, surgical dehiscence, and maternal rejection. Early detection and surgical intervention are recommended for the correction of omphalophlebitis and umbilical hernias in neonatal giraffe.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Selig
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Ray L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ball
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000866:Antelopes; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000662:veterinary; D010689:Phlebitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Anesthesia; Giraffa camelopardalis; failure of passive transfer; giraffe; omphalophlebitis; umbilical hernia