title: Specific Myosins Control Actin Organization, Cell Morphology, and Migration in Prostate Cancer Cells.
abstract: We investigated the myosin expression profile in prostate cancer cell lines and found that Myo1b, Myo9b, Myo10, and Myo18a were expressed at higher levels in cells with high metastatic potential. Moreover, Myo1b and Myo10 were expressed at higher levels in metastatic tumors. Using an siRNA-based approach, we found that knockdown of each myosin resulted in distinct phenotypes. Myo10 knockdown ablated filopodia and decreased 2D migration speed. Myo18a knockdown increased circumferential non-muscle myosin 2A-associated actin filament arrays in the lamella and reduced directional persistence of 2D migration. Myo9b knockdown increased stress fiber formation, decreased 2D migration speed, and increased directional persistence. Conversely, Myo1b knockdown increased numbers of stress fibers but did not affect 2D migration. In all cases, the cell spread area was increased and 3D migration potential was decreased. Therefore, myosins not only act as molecular motors but also directly influence actin organization and cell morphology, which can contribute to the metastatic phenotype.
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Katarzyna A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Makowska
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK. Electronic address: claire.wells@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.affiliation: School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: m.peckham@leeds.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peckham
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D059467:Transcriptome; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D009218:Myosins