title: A 9-wk docosahexaenoic acid-enriched supplementation improves endurance exercise capacity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in adult rats.
abstract: Decline in skeletal muscle mass and function starts during adulthood. Among the causes, modifications of the mitochondrial function could be of major importance. Polyunsaturated fatty (ω-3) acids have been shown to play a role in intracellular functions. We hypothesize that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation could improve muscle mitochondrial function that could contribute to limit the early consequences of aging on adult muscle. Twelve-month-old male Wistar rats were fed a low-polyunsaturated fat diet and were given DHA (DHA group) or placebo (control group) for 9 wk. Rats from the DHA group showed a higher endurance capacity (+56%, P < 0.05) compared with control animals. Permeabilized myofibers from soleus muscle showed higher O2 consumptions (P < 0.05) in the DHA group compared with the control group, with glutamate-malate as substrates, both in basal conditions (i.e., state 2) and under maximal conditions (i.e., state 3, using ADP), along with a higher apparent Km for ADP (P < 0.05). Calcium retention capacity of isolated mitochondria was lower in DHA group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Phospho-AMPK/AMPK ratio and PPARδ mRNA content were higher in the DHA group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Results showed that DHA enhanced endurance capacity in adult animals, a beneficial effect potentially resulting from improvement in mitochondrial function, as suggested by our results on permeabilized fibers. DHA supplementation could be of potential interest for the muscle function in adults and for fighting the decline in exercise tolerance with age that could imply energy-sensing pathway, as suggested by changes in phospho-AMPK/AMPK ratio.
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Guen
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaté
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hininger-Favier
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laillet
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morio
authors.affiliation: Applications Santé des Lipides, Hauterive, France;
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pieroni
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schlattner
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pison
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, U1055, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Grenoble, France; herve.dubouchaud@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dubouchaud
mesh_terms: D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002784:Cholesterol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D015094:3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase; D002118:Calcium
keywords: isolated mitochondria; muscle bioenergetics; permeabilized myofibers; polyunsaturated fatty acids