title: Directed Evolution of Enzymes for Industrial Biocatalysis.
abstract: Enzymes have the potential to catalyse a wide variety of chemical reactions. They are increasingly being sought as environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternatives to conventional catalysts used in industries ranging from bioremediation to applications in medicine and pharmaceutics. Despite the benefits, they are not without their limitations. Many naturally occurring enzymes are not suitable for use outside of their native cellular environments. However, protein engineering can be used to generate enzymes tailored for specific industrial applications. Directed evolution is particularly useful and can be employed even when lack of structural information impedes the use of rational design. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current industrial applications of enzyme technology and to show how directed evolution can be used to modify and to enhance enzyme properties. This includes a brief discussion on library generation and a more detailed focus on library screening methods, which are critical to any directed evolution experiment.
authors.affiliation: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. jo.porter@anu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Joanne L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.affiliation: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Rukhairul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rusli
authors.affiliation: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ollis
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D001688:Biological Products / Q000378:metabolism; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016296:Mutagenesis; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism; D015202:Protein Engineering
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D004798:Enzymes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: biocatalysis; directed evolution; high-throughput screening; library generation; protein engineering