title: Reliability of photographic posture analysis of adolescents.
abstract: [Purpose] Postural problems of adolescents needs to be evaluated accurately because they may lead to greater problems in the musculoskeletal system as they develop. Although photographic posture analysis has been frequently used, more simple and accessible methods are still needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter- and intra-rater reliability of photographic posture analysis using MB-ruler software. [Subjects and Methods] Subjects were 30 adolescents (15 girls and 15 boys, mean age: 16.4±0.4 years, mean height 166.3±6.7 cm, mean weight 63.8±15.1 kg) and photographs of their habitual standing posture photographs were taken in the sagittal plane. For the evaluation of postural angles, reflective markers were placed on anatomical landmarks. For angular measurements, MB-ruler (Markus Bader- MB Software Solutions, triangular screen ruler) was used. Photographic evaluations were performed by two observers with a repetition after a week. Test-retest and inter-rater reliability evaluations were calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). [Results] Inter-rater (ICC>0.972) and test-retest (ICC>0.774) reliability were found to be in the range of acceptable to excellent. [Conclusion] Reference angles for postural evaluation were found to be reliable and repeatable. The present method was found to be an easy and non-invasive method and it may be utilized by researchers who are in search of an alternative method for photographic postural assessments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gul Oznur
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Karabicak
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tiftikci
keywords: Adolescents; Posture assessment; Reliability