title: Recovery outcomes of schizophrenia patients treated with paliperidone palmitate in a community setting: patient and provider perspectives on recovery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effect of paliperidone palmitate long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic on recovery-oriented mental health outcomes from the perspective of healthcare providers and patients during the treatment of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Archival data for patients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder receiving ≥6 months of paliperidone palmitate LAI were retrieved from the electronic medical records system at the Mental Health Center of Denver. Mental health recovery was assessed from both a provider's (Recovery Markers Inventory [RMI]) and patient's (Consumer Recovery Measure [CRM]) perspective. A three-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) was utilized to determine changes in CRM and RMI scores by including independent variables in the models: intercept, months from treatment (slope), treatment time period (pretreatment and treatment), age, gender, primary diagnosis, substance abuse diagnosis, concurrent medications, and adherence to paliperidone palmitate LAI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 219 patients were identified and included in the study. Results of the final three-level HLMs indicated an overall increase in CRM scores (p < 0.05), an overall increase (p < 0.01), and an increased rate of change (p < 0.05) in RMI scores during the paliperidone palmitate LAI treatment period vs the pre-treatment period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study contained a retrospective, non-comparative design, and did not adjust for multiplicity Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that changes in recovery-oriented mental health outcomes can be detected following the administration of a specific antipsychotic treatment in persons with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. Furthermore, patients receiving paliperidone palmitate LAI can effectively improve recovery-oriented outcomes, thereby supporting the drug's use as schizophrenia treatment from a recovery-oriented perspective.
authors.affiliation: a a Mental Health Center of Denver , Denver , CO , USA.
authors.forename: Wesley
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: a a Mental Health Center of Denver , Denver , CO , USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.affiliation: b b Janssen Scientific Affairs , LLC , Titusville , NJ , USA.
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: b b Janssen Scientific Affairs , LLC , Titusville , NJ , USA.
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011330:Prisons / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012944:Social Support; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate
keywords: Long-acting injectable antipsychotics; Paliperidone palmitate LAI; Recovery-oriented mental health outcomes; Schizophrenia