title: The healthcare system and the provision of oral healthcare in European Union member states. Part 2: Spain.
abstract: Spain is the second largest EU Member State with an area of 504,645 km(2) and is the fifth most populated one with a total of 46.5 million inhabitants. The number of dentists working in Spain has grown rapidly in the last 20 years. In December 2014, there were 33,346 practising dentists with a ratio of one dentist for every 1394 inhabitants. Oral health of children has improved; with a fall in the national mean DMFT index (decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth) among 12-year-olds, from 4.20 in 1984 to 1.12 in 2010. The percentage of the population that has visited a dentist within the last three months has risen from 13.5% (1987) to 16.9% (2011-2012). Forty-three percent of the Spanish population visited a dentist in the last year in 2009. The Spanish National Health System (SNS) provides comprehensive cover for general health, but very little oral healthcare for adults. Only emergency care and oral surgery (dental extractions) for adults are provided in publicly funded clinics. The vast majority of oral health care is provided in the private sector and over 90% of dental professionals work in the private sector. Nevertherless, children aged 7-15 years are covered (with some restrictions) by publicly funded oral healthcare with different care models, depending on the local health authority, and some of them are funded by a capitation system which was introduced 25 years ago.
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.affiliation: Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: San Martín
authors.affiliation: Granollers (ICS Catalan Health Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casals
authors.affiliation: University College London Eastman and King's College London Dental Institutes, Universities of Brescia and Leeds.|University of Kent, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland, Professor in Dental Public Health, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Arctic University of Norway.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Widström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004245:DMF Index; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003729:Dental Care / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003815:Dentists / Q000600:supply & distribution; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009909:Oral Health; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000458:organization & administration; D055815:Young Adult