title: The impact of disturbed peatlands on river outgassing in Southeast Asia.
abstract: River outgassing has proven to be an integral part of the carbon cycle. In Southeast Asia, river outgassing quantities are uncertain due to lack of measured data. Here we investigate six rivers in Indonesia and Malaysia, during five expeditions. CO2 fluxes from Southeast Asian rivers amount to 66.9 ± 15.7 Tg C per year, of which Indonesia releases 53.9 ± 12.4 Tg C per year. Malaysian rivers emit 6.2 ± 1.6 Tg C per year. These moderate values show that Southeast Asia is not the river outgassing hotspot as would be expected from the carbon-enriched peat soils. This is due to the relatively short residence time of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the river, as the peatlands, being the primary source of DOC, are located near the coast. Limitation of bacterial production, due to low pH, oxygen depletion or the refractory nature of DOC, potentially also contributes to moderate CO2 fluxes as this decelerates decomposition.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wit
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany.|Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Warneke
authors.affiliation: Research &Development Center for Marine &Coastal Resources (P3SDLP), Gedung II Balitbang KP Lantai 4, Jalan Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Widodo Setiyo
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Pranowo
authors.affiliation: Swinburne University of Technology, Sarawak Campus, Jalan Simpang Tiga, Kuching, Sarawak 93350, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Moritz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany.|Institute of Geology, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rixen
mesh_terms: D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D002244:Carbon; D057486:Carbon Cycle; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005740:Gases; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007214:Indonesia; D008296:Malaysia; D010100:Oxygen; D045483:Rivers; D012987:Soil
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D012987:Soil; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D010100:Oxygen