title: Single particle optical extinction and scattering allows real time quantitative characterization of drug payload and degradation of polymeric nanoparticles.
abstract: The behavior of nanoparticles in biological systems is determined by their dimensions, size distribution, shape, surface chemistry, density, drug loading and stability; the characterization of these parameters in realistic conditions and the possibility to follow their evolution in vitro and in vivo are, in most of the cases, far from the capabilities of the standard characterization technologies. Optical techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS) are, in principle, well suited for in line characterization of nanoparticle, however their fail in characterizing the evolution of nanoparticle in solution where change in particle dimension and density is present. Here we present an in-line optical technique based on single particle extinction and scattering (SPES) overcoming the limitations typical of DLS and allowing for the efficient characterization of nanoparticle polydispersity, index of refraction and degradation dynamics in solution. Using SPES, we characterized the evolution of PLGA nanoparticles with different structures and drug payloads in solution and we compared the results with DLS. Our results suggest that SPES could be used as a process analytical technology for pharmaceutical nanoparticle production.
authors.affiliation: CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: M A C
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Potenza
authors.affiliation: EOS srl, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanvito
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Argentiere
authors.affiliation: CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.|Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milano, Italy.|SEMM, European School of Molecular Medicine, Campus IFOM-IEO, via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cella
authors.affiliation: CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paroli
authors.affiliation: CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.|Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lenardi
authors.affiliation: CIMAINA and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.|Fondazione Filarete, viale Ortles 22/4, 20139 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Milani
mesh_terms: D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers