title: Renal shear wave velocity by acoustic radiation force impulse did not reflect advanced renal impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acoustic radiation force impulse is a noninvasive method for evaluating tissue elasticity on ultrasound. Renal shear wave velocity measured by this technique has not been fully investigated in patients with renal disease. The aim of the present study was to compare renal shear wave velocity in end-stage renal disease patients and that in patients without chronic kidney disease and to investigate influencing factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal shear wave velocities were measured in 59 healthy young subjects (control group), 31 subjects without chronic kidney disease (non-CKD group), and 39 end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD group). Each measurement was performed 10 times at both kidneys, and the mean value of eight of 10 measurements, excluding the maximum and minimum values, was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal shear wave velocity could be measured in all subjects. Renal shear wave velocity in the control group was higher than in the non-CKD group and in the ESRD group, and no difference was found between the non-CKD group and the ESRD group. Age and depth were negatively correlated to the renal shear wave velocity. In multiple regression analysis, age and depth were independent factors for renal shear wave velocity, while renal impairment was not. There was no difference between the non-CKD group and the ESRD group, even when ages were matched and depth was adjusted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal shear wave velocity was not associated with advanced renal impairment. However, it reflected alteration of renal aging, and this technique may be useful to detect renal impairment in the earlier stages.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koda
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugihara
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugihara
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matono
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosho
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mae
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Chishio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Munemura
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isomoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004548:Elasticity; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: aging; elasticity; end-stage renal disease; ultrasonography