title: Anemia and genotoxicity induced by sub-chronic intragastric treatment of rats with titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
abstract: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used for their whiteness and opacity. We investigated the hematological effects and genotoxicity of anatase TiO2 NPs following sub-chronic oral gavage treatment. TiO2-NPs were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Wistar rats were treated with anatase TiO2 NPs by intragastric administration for 60 days. Hematological analysis showed a significant decrease in RBC and HCT and a significant increase in MCV, PLT, MPV and WBC at higher doses. Furthermore, abnormally shaped red cells, sometimes containing micronuclei, and hyper-segmented neutrophil nuclei were observed with TiO2 NPs treatment. The micronucleus test revealed damage to chromosomes in rat bone marrow at 100 and 200mg/kg bw; the comet assay showed significant DNA damage at the same doses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Intissar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grissa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Gabes University, Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, 6072, Tunisia; Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISU), College of Sciences, Department of Physics, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Jaber
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elghoul
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Lobna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ezzi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakroun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Emna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kerkeni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Fattouma Bourguiba, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassine
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials Applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE), Gabes University, Faculty of Sciences in Gabes, 6072, Tunisia; Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISU), College of Sciences, Department of Physics, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Lassaad
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: El Mir
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Meriem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehdi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia. Electronic address: hassen.bencheikh@fmm.rnu.tn.
authors.forename: Hassen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Cheikh
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics (UR12ES10), Faculty of Medicine, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Zohra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Haouas
mesh_terms: D000748:Anemia, Macrocytic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014025:Titanium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Anemia; DNA damage; Genotoxicity; Hematopoietic system; Rat; Titanium dioxide nanoparticles