title: Assessment of the efficacy of drug transdermal delivery by electro-phonophoresis in treating tuberculous lymphadenitis.
abstract: Electro-phonophoresis (EP) has been used in various clinical fields. The objective of present study is to evaluate the skin permeability of isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) in patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis with the aid of EP to validate the clinical applications of this transdermal delivery system for the treatment of superficial extrapulmonary tuberculosis. INH and RIF solutions were delivered transdermally, with or without EP, in the surrounding tissue of the lesion for 0.5 h. Local pyogenic fluids or necrotic tissue samples from the infection sites in patients were collected at 1 h after dosing. Drug concentrations in samples were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography. The median INH and RIF intra-lesional concentrations were 0.365 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.185-1.775) μg/mL and 1.231 (IQR 0.304-1.836) μg/mL in oral group; 2.964 (IQR 0.193-7.325) μg/mL and 2.646 (IQR 1.211-3.753) μg/mL in INH- and RIF-transdermal plus EP group. Drug concentrations in the local sites of patients receiving INH or RIF through EP transdermal delivery were statistically higher than those observed in patients only taking INH and RIF orally. However, this enhancement was not observed in the transdermal delivery of INH or RIF without EP in contrast to the oral administrations of drugs. EP can effectively enhance the skin permeability of INH and RIF in patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis. The increase in drug concentrations in the lesions could help eradication of the germs; shorten the treatment course and increase the cure rate of patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis.
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research and.
authors.forename: Suting
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: b Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital , Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: b Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital , Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research and.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research and.
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research and.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: b Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital , Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research and.
authors.forename: Hairong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008199:Lymphadenitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D010539:Permeability; D015612:Phonophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin
keywords: Electro-phonophoresis; isoniazid; rifampicin; transdermal delivery; tuberculous lymphadenitis