title: The Successful Aging after Elective Surgery (SAGES) Study: Cohort Description and Data Quality Procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Delirium is the most common complication of major elective surgery in older patients. The Successful Aging after Elective Surgery (SAGES) study was designed to examine novel risk factors and long-term outcomes associated with delirium. This report describes the cohort, quality assurance procedures, and results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-term prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three academic medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 566 patients age 70 and older without recognized dementia scheduled for elective major surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were assessed preoperatively, daily during hospitalization, and at variable monthly intervals for up to 36 months post-discharge. Delirium was assessed in hospital by trained study staff. Study outcomes included cognitive and physical function. Novel risk factors for delirium were assessed including genetic and plasma biomarkers, neuroimaging markers, and cognitive reserve markers. Interrater reliability (kappa and weighted kappa) was assessed for key variables in 119 of the patient interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were an average of 77 years old and 58% were female. The majority of patients (81%) were undergoing orthopedic surgery and 24% developed delirium post-operatively. Over 95% of eligible patients were followed for 18 months. There was >99% capture of key study outcomes (cognitive and functional status) at every study interview and interrater reliability was high (weighted kappas for delirium = 0.92 and for overall cognitive and functional outcomes = 0.94 -1.0). Completion rates for plasma biomarkers (4 timepoints) were 95%-99% and for neuroimaging (one year follow-up) was 86%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SAGES study will contribute to the understanding of novel risk factors, pathophysiology and long-term outcomes of delirium. This manuscript describes the cohort and data quality procedures, and will serve as a reference source for future studies based on SAGES.
authors.affiliation: Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.affiliation: University of Massachusetts Medical Center and Meyers Primary Care Institute, Worcester, MA.
authors.forename: Jane S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Saczynski
authors.affiliation: Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Cyrus M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kosar
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Alsop
authors.affiliation: Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.|Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Tamara G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.|Department of Psychiatry, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Zara
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Edward R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Marcantonio
authors.affiliation: Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Travison
authors.affiliation: Aging Brain Center, Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.|Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Sharon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Inouye
keywords: Data Quality; Delirium; Longitudinal Study; Surgical Outcome