title: Fetal cerebral ventricular atria width of 8-10mm: A possible prenatal risk factor for adolescent treated Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
abstract: The purpose of our research was to study the in-utero and long term post-natal outcome of fetal isolated cerebral ventricular atria width between 8 and 10mm. We conducted a retrospective, observational, case-control study, of low risk pregnant women, between 1993 and 2001. One hundred and forty one fetuses with isolated cerebral ventricular atria width between 8 and 10mm, corresponding to 2-4 standard deviations above the mean, and 309 controls, with atrial width below this level, were included for the analysis. Clinical data concerning pre and post-natal outcome was retrieved from computerized medical records. Matching of cases with controls was based on age, with a ratio of 2-3 controls per case. Statistical analysis included: T-test, Chi-Square, and Multiple Logistic Regression analysis. The study group was characterized by a predominance of male gender, left side involvement, and higher birth weight, compared to the control group. Long term post-natal follow-up at a mean age of 12.7 years (±1.9) demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio of 2.589 (95% CI 1.415-4.737, p=0.001), being diagnosed as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and treated by Methylphenidate (Ritalin(®)), during childhood, compared to the control group (23.6% and 10.0% respectively) (p=0.001). Cerebral atria width was an independent factor, controlled for the only two significant variants between groups, gender and weight over 90th centile. In conclusions, our preliminary results show that fetuses with prenatal finding of isolated cerebral ventricular atria width between 8 and 10mm are more likely of being diagnosed and treated as ADHD during childhood.
authors.affiliation: Women Health Center, Ultrasound Unit, The Negev Medical Center, Maccabi Health Services, Beer Sheva, Israel. Electronic address: kibilev_z@mac.org.il.
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kivilevitch
authors.affiliation: Weinberg Child Development Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital at The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine and Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Lidia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Gabis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ultrasound Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine and Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Eldad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katorza
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ultrasound Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine and Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: Reuven
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Achiron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D004453:Echoencephalography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009929:Organ Size; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate
keywords: Behavioral disorders; Cerebral ventricles; Fetal