title: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): Pathogenesis and Interaction with the Immune System.
abstract: This review addresses important issues of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection, immunity, pathogenesis, and control. Worldwide, PRRS is the most economically important infectious disease of pigs. We highlight the latest information on viral genome structure, pathogenic mechanisms, and host immunity, with a special focus on immune factors that modulate PRRSV infections during the acute and chronic/persistent disease phases. We address genetic control of host resistance and probe effects of PRRSV infection on reproductive traits. A major goal is to identify cellular/viral targets and pathways for designing more effective vaccines and therapeutics. Based on progress in viral reverse genetics, host transcriptomics and genomics, and vaccinology and adjuvant technologies, we have identified new areas for PRRS control and prevention. Finally, we highlight the gaps in our knowledge base and the need for advanced molecular and immune tools to stimulate PRRS research and field applications.
authors.affiliation: Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC ARS USDA, Beltsville, Maryland 20705; email: Joan.Lunney@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Joan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lunney
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5600; email: yfang@vet.k-state.edu , yanhua@vet.k-state.edu , browland@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna 1210, Austria; email: andrea.ladinig@vetmeduni.ac.at.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ladinig
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5600; email: yfang@vet.k-state.edu , yanhua@vet.k-state.edu , browland@vet.k-state.edu.|College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; email: chnhlh@126.com.
authors.forename: Nanhua
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5600; email: yfang@vet.k-state.edu , yanhua@vet.k-state.edu , browland@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5600; email: yfang@vet.k-state.edu , yanhua@vet.k-state.edu , browland@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.affiliation: FAHRP-OARDC, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691; email: gourapura.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Gourapura J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Renukaradhya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D007107:Immune System; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D059386:Reverse Genetics; D013552:Swine; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: PRRSV; fetal infection; genetic control; host immunity; porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome; vaccine responses