title: Wenxia Changfu Formula () induces apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma in a transplanted tumor model of drug-resistance nude mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the apoptosis mechanism of Wenxia Changfu Formula (, WCF) in reversing drug resistance of lung cancer in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty model mice were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, cisplatin (CDDP) group, and WCF group. A transplanted tumor model of lung adenocarcinoma was established in all groups. Mice in the WCF group received intragastric administration of WCF (0.2 mL/10 g body weight) everyday in addition to CDDP intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg body weight) twice a week. The mice in the CDDP group received CDDP intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg body weight) twice a week, while the control group received normal saline intraperitoneally (0.2 mL/10 g body weight) everyday. The weight of the nude mice and respective tumors, tumor volume and tumor-inhibiting rate were measured. Electron microscopy was used to observe the existence of apoptosis body. Apoptosis index (AI) was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining. The expression of Fas and FasL mRNA was investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, while immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the protein expression of Fas and FasL, caspase-3 and caspase-activated DNase (CAD), respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with CDDP group and control group, WCF could significantly reduce the tumor volume from the 19th day and alleviate the tumor weight (P <0.05), and the apoptosis body was found in tumor cells in the WCF group. WCF could also enhance the level of AI, up-regulate the expression of caspase apoptosis pathway related protein caspase-3 and CAD, as well as the expression of Fas, FasL mRNA and protein (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WCF could improve the sensitivity of tumor cells to CDDP and reverse the drug resistance by inducing the apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China. doctoroy@sina.com.
authors.forename: Zhi-Chun
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Wei
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Hua-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Tao
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ouyang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D008819:Mice, Nude; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C491899:Fas protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019014:fas Receptor; C571442:wenxia changfu; D053148:Caspase 3; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Wenxia Changfu Formula; animal model; apoptosis; drug resistance; in vivo