title: Levels and patterns of organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soils in an area of extensive historical cotton cultivation in Henan province, China.
abstract: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have attracted widespread concern because of their environmental persistence and toxicity. The historical influence of different agricultural land use types on soil concentrations of OCP residues was investigated by collecting a total of 52 surface soil samples from long-term cotton fields and fields with other crops in Lvdian township, Henan province, eastern central China. The concentration, composition, and possible sources of 16 OCPs were determined and a health risk assessment of these soils was conducted. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor, chlordane, and dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane plus its main metabolites (DDTs) were the most frequently detected OCPs with concentrations of 2.9-56.4 ng g(-1), 4.3-14.0 ng g(-1), 18.0-1254.4 ng g(-1), and below detection limit (BDL) -206.1 ng g(-1), respectively. Analysis of variance of p,p-DDE shows significant (P < 0.05) differences while other OCPs show no significant differences between historical cotton fields and fields containing other crops. Compositional analysis suggests that the HCH is derived mainly from the use of lindane and that there are recent inputs. Analysis of variance and compositional analysis indicate that the p,p-DDE in surface soil from long-term cotton fields is derived mainly from the aerobic biodegradation of historical residues. The sum of carcinogenic risk values of OCPs for soil samples were found to be 1.58 × 10(-6), posing a low cancer risk to the inhabitants of the region studied.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
authors.forename: Chunfa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China. liuwuxin@issas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wuxing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.|Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Christie
authors.affiliation: Infinitus (China) co., LTD, Jiangmen, 529156, Guangdong province, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D002681:China; D002706:Chlordan / Q000032:analysis; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000254:growth & development; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D003368:Gossypium / Q000254:growth & development*; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002706:Chlordan; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane
keywords: Compositional analysis; Cotton fields; Health risk; OCPs; Source identification; Surface soils