title: Central and peripheral fat body mass have a protective effect on osteopenia or osteoporosis in adults and elderly?
abstract: This cross-sectional study involves randomly selected men aged 50 to 99 years and postmenopausal women. Either central fat mass or peripheral fat mass were associated to osteoporosis or osteopenia independently from fat-free body mass and other confounding factors.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Obesity and osteoporosis are public health problems that probably share common pathophysiological mechanisms. The question if body fat mass, central or peripheral, is protective or harmful for osteoporosis or osteopenia is not completely resolved. This study aims to investigate the association between osteoporosis or osteopenia, and fat body mass (central and peripheral) independently from fat-free body mass, in men aged 50 to 99 years old and postmenopausal women randomly selected in the community.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional investigation with a random sample of registered population in Niterói Family Doctor Program (FDP), State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Bone mineral density (BMD) and fat-free mass were assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was statistically significant bivariate association between bone loss with gender, age, skin color, alcohol consumption at risk dose, use of thiazide, fat-free body mass, and fat body mass (central and peripheral). In the multiple analysis of fat-free body mass, central and peripheral fat body mass showed an independent and protective effect on the presence of osteoporosis or osteopenia (p value <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since both obesity and osteoporosis are public health problems worldwide, strategies aimed at preventing both conditions should be encouraged during aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Community Health Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 3 andar do Anexo, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: P M S S
authors.initials: PMSS
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Community Health Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 3 andar do Anexo, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil. mluizagr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Garcia Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Community Health Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 3 andar do Anexo, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Nutrition, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 3 andar do Anexo, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wahrlich
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 2 andar, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Di Luca
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 2 andar, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: da Cruz Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Fundamentals of Nursing and Administration, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Dr. Celestino, 74. 4 andar, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-091, Brazil.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: da Silva Correia
authors.affiliation: Department of Mother Child Health, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 8 andar, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Community Health Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Marques do Paraná 303 3 andar do Anexo, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24033-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Yokoo
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012880:Skin Pigmentation
keywords: Aging; Body fat mass; DXA; Fat-free body mass; Osteoporosis; Primary care