title: In vitro evaluation of anticancer properties of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus acidophilus in colon cancer cell lines.
abstract: The present work aims at studying the effect of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Lactobacillus acidophilus on the colon cancer cell lines in vitro. Initial analysis showed that EPS has antioxidative properties. EPS was also found to induce cytotoxicity in two colon cancer cell lines, viz. HCT15 and CaCo2 under normoxia and hypoxia. The membrane integrity was also found to be affected in EPS-treated cells. Once the toxic concentration was determined (5 mg/ml), the effect of EPS on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of various genes was studied by quantitative real-time (RT)-PCR under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The results suggest that EPS downregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and upregulated the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3), hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). An increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was also observed. These results show that EPS may inhibit the expressions of genes involved in tumor angiogenesis and survival. Increase in the expression of HO-1 also shows that EPS have antioxidative properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamil Nadu, India. deepssodeep@gmail.com.|School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK. deepssodeep@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Venkataraman
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deepak
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK. rakshats1991@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sharavan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK. reham.balahmar2009@my.ntu.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Reham Mohammed
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Balahmar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamil Nadu, India. srkpandian@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sureshbabu Ram Kumar
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pandian
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK. shiva.sivasubraminiam@ntu.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Shiva D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sivasubramaniam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamil Nadu, India. h.nellaiah@klu.ac.in.
authors.forename: Hariharan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nellaiah
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamil Nadu, India. sundarkr@klu.ac.in.
authors.forename: Krishnan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sundar
mesh_terms: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000737:chemistry; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human
keywords: Antioxidative; Colon cancer; Exopolysaccharides; L. acidophilus; RT-qPCR