title: [Combined application of neuroendoscope and laparoscope in ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for treatment of communicating hydrocephalus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the clinical efficacy of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) assisted by neuroendoscopy and laparoscopy for treatment of communicating hydrocephalus.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2010 to January 2014, 209 cases (male 93, female 116) who suffered communicating hydrocephalus performed VPS with neuroendoscopy and laparoscopy in Department of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army General Hospital. The age of the patients were from 7 months to 79 years (mean 38.1 years), average duration were 20 days to 4 years (mean (2.4 ± 0.7) months). Neuroendoscopy and laparoscopy were used to help respectively to place shunt catheter to better position, both in the ventricle and peritoneal cavity. The effect of subsequent shunt system survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 209 patients received 255 times of VPS. All operations were successfully completed. No craniotomy or open operation were needed for technical-related complications. Forty-six revisions were performed in all patients. After the operation, 203 patients with hydrocephalus improved at different level after surgery. Thirteen cases occurred intracranial hypotension syndrome and improved after the pressure adjusted. All patients were followed up for 1 month to 4 years, with a median follow-up time of 2.1 years, while the shunt system efficiencies were 91.0%, 86.7%, 83.9% and 82.0% respectively from the end of the 1st year to the end of the 4th year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For VPS, neuroendoscopy and laparoscopy can respectively help to place shunt catheter to better position, both in the ventricle and peritoneal cavity. Hence, the combination of these two modalities can reduce the failure rate of shunt catheter insertion and has significant impact on shunt system survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army 458 Hospital, Guangzhou 510602, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Email: 59784555@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yunlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xinguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Dingbiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D057785:Catheters; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044582:Neuroendoscopes; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt; D055815:Young Adult