title: A review of dopamine agonist therapy in type 2 diabetes and effects on cardio-metabolic parameters.
abstract: Dopamine action appears to play a role in changes that are seen in obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Bromocriptine-QR (Quick Release), a dopamine agonist, is approved for use in treatment of type 2 diabetes. It has demonstrated modest improvement in glycemic parameters, cholesterol and weight in certain cohorts. Limited data using cabergoline, a long-acting dopamine agonist, also demonstrate glycemic efficacy. Additionally, bromocriptine-QR appears to have a favorable cardiovascular risk reduction. The direct mechanism by which bromocriptine-QR, or central dopamine agonism, achieves modest glycemic control and favorable cardio-metabolic profile is unclear. This relationship appears to be more complex than the historical explanation of "resetting" the circadian clock and may further be elucidated using data in individuals with hyperprolactinemia and prolactinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 827 Linden Ave, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: elamos@medicine.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lamos
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 827 Linden Ave, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: dlevitt@medicine.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Levitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 827 Linden Ave, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: kmunir@medicine.umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Munir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077465:Cabergoline; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004873:Ergolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D004873:Ergolines; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D001971:Bromocriptine; D000077465:Cabergoline
keywords: Bromocriptine-QR; Dopamine agonist; Prolactin; Type 2 diabetes