title: Oxygen extraction fraction measurement using quantitative susceptibility mapping: Comparison with positron emission tomography.
abstract: The purposes of this study are to establish oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measurements using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to compare QSM-OEF data with the gold standard (15)O positron emission tomography (PET). Twenty-six patients with chronic unilateral internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion, and 15 normal subjects were included. MRI scans were conducted using a 3.0 Tesla scanner with a three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled sequence. QSM images were created using the morphology-enabled dipole inversion method, and OEF maps were generated from QSM images using extraction of venous susceptibility induced by deoxygenated hemoglobin. Significant correlation of relative OEF ratio to contra-lateral hemisphere between QSM-OEF and PET-OEF was observed (r = 0.62, p < 0.001). The local (intra-section) correlation was also significant (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) in patients with increased PET-OEF. The sensitivity and specificity of OEF increase in QSM was 0.63 (5/8) and 0.89 (16/18), respectively, in comparison with PET. In conclusion, good correlation was achieved between QSM-OEF and PET-OEF in the identification of elevated OEF in affected hemispheres of patients with unilateral chronic steno-occlusive disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan kkudo@huhp.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kohsuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA MedImageMetric LLC, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.affiliation: Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uwano
authors.affiliation: Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Cerebral ischemia; magnetic resonance imaging; oxygen extraction fraction; positron emission tomography; quantitative susceptibility mapping