title: Effectiveness of different formulations of Endo-PTC to promote root canal cleaning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endo-PTC are used during endodontic treatment; however, until now no study evaluated the cleaning of dentin walls after use of different Endo-PTC formulations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess qualitatively, by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, the cleaning of dentin walls of root canals after chemomechanical preparation (CMP) using Endo-PTC cream and Endo-PTC light associated to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty single-rooted human maxillary central incisors with straight canals and fully formed apex were selected. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups depending on the type of Endo-PTC and the final rinse with 17% EDTA. After CMP, all specimens were sectioned and processed for observation of the apical thirds by using SEM. Three calibrated evaluators attributed scores to each specimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  The differences between irrigation protocols were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. The significance level was set at α = 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of Endo-PTC cream or Endo-PTC light did not influence the smear-layer (SL) removal (P > 0.05). When EDTA were used, it was obtained the best cleaning results with no significant difference between the substances (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that EDTA is essential to promote SL removal which was not affected by the type of Endo-PTC formulation.
authors.forename: Evaldo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Sílvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Albergaria
authors.forename: Gabriela L R
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Duque de Caxias - RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emmanuel João Nogueira
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Leal Silva
mesh_terms: D003804:Dentin; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012390:Root Canal Therapy