title: The prevalence of HTLV-1 and its Co-Infection with HCV, HBV and HIV in Hemophilic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blood-borne infections, such as the HIV virus and hepatitis B and C, are major problems in patients receiving blood products. Here we examined the prevalence of HTLV-1, HCV, HBV, and HIV in hemophilic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study on 108 hemophilic patients (101 males and 7 females) involved detection of HBV, HCV, HIV and HTLV-1 infections using immunoassays for HBsAg, hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc), hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV), HIV antibodies (anti-HIV) and Anti-HTLV-1. Real-time PCR was used to measure HCV RNA, and HCV genotyping was performed by direct sequencing of the 5' noncoding region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemophilia A was reported in 93 (86%) patients with severe symptoms in 8 cases. The seroprevalence of anti-HCV and anti-HTLV-1 antibodies was 20% and 3% respectively. One patient with severe hemophilia had a HCV/HTLV-1 co-infection. HCV-RNA was detected in 82% of patients. In terms of genotyping prevalence was 56% HCV genotype 3a, 39% HCV genotype 1a, and 6% HCV genotype2. Anti HIV and HBsAg were not detected in any patient. HTLV1 prevalence was higher, HCV lower in South Khorasan than other regions in Iran or elsewhere.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Management of transfusion of blood and blood products should account for the underlying prevalence of infectious agents.
authors.affiliation: Masood Ziaee, Hepatitis Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Masood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ziaee
authors.affiliation: Mohammad Hassan Namaei, Hepatitis Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Namaei
authors.affiliation: Ghodseh Azarkar, Hepatitis Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Ghodseh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Azarkar
keywords: HTLV-1; Hemophilia; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C virus; Transfusion-Transmitted Virus