title: A potential role for the dermatologist in the physical transformation of transgender people: A survey of attitudes and practices within the transgender community.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are an estimated 700,000 or more transgender people in the United States, however their dermatologic needs are not fully established in the medical literature. Unique needs relate to hormone therapy, prior surgeries, and other aspects of physical transitioning.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  By examining attitudes and practices of transgender individuals, we aimed to identify areas for which dermatologists could contribute to their physical transformation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study used an anonymous online survey, distributed via lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender organizations; social media; and at targeted locations and events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 327 people completed the survey (63% men, 29% women, 9% other). Most transgender women indicated that their face was most imperative to have changed, whereas men noted their chest, in turn influencing procedures. Of women's facial procedures, hair removal predominated, followed by surgery then injectables, mostly performed by plastic surgeons. Hormone-induced facial effects varied, usually taking over 2 years for maximal effect. When choosing procedures, money was the major barrier and good aesthetic outcome the primary concern. Participants did not think that facial procedures necessitate the currently accepted prerequisites for chest and genital surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has limited size and convenience sampling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dermatologists could contribute to the physical transformation of transgender patients through noninvasive procedures.
authors.affiliation: Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York. Electronic address: brian.ginsberg.md@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine, New York.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Seminara
authors.affiliation: Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Day Dermatology and Aesthetics, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Doris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Day
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000191:economics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003880:Dermatology; D004954:Esthetics; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006204:Hair Removal; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006728:Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016462:Mammaplasty; D008875:Middle Aged; D010819:Physician's Role; D057829:Gender-Affirming Procedures / Q000191:economics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063106:Transgender Persons / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones
keywords: LGBT; dermatology; filler; laser; neurotoxin; procedures; skin; surgery; transgender