title: Strategy To Fabricate Naked-Eye Readout Ultrasensitive Plasmonic Nanosensor Based on Enzyme Mimetic Gold Nanoclusters.
abstract: It is broadly interesting but remains a big challenge to explore nanomaterials-based methods to enable naked-eye observation and determination of ultratrace biomarkers and drugs. In this study, we developed a straightforward and extendable plasmonic nanosensor to enable visually quantitative determination of ultratrace target molecules through combining the use of enzyme-mimetic gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). Starting from sandwiched antibody-antigen (i.e., an analyte)-antibody structure, we conjugated AuNCs on the outer layer antibody to catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide used to reduce HAuCl4 into gold nanopartilces (AuNPs) for naked eye readout. This strategy is in theory applicable to all immunoreactions available and the protocol proposed to attach AuNCs onto an antibody is suitable to all proteins. The applicability of this type of nanosensor was validated by the determination of various ultratrace analytes such as protein avidin, breast cancer antigen, thyroid hormone, and even methamphetamine (MA), giving a naked-eye-readout limit of detection (LOD), down to 1.0 × 10(-20) M protein avidin, 7.52 × 10(-14) U/mL breast cancer antigen 15-3, 2.0 × 10(-15) mg/mL 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine and 2.3 × 10(-18) mg/mL MA. This strategy is thus considered an ultrasensitive way to fabricate plasmonic nanosensors, having wide and invaluable application potential in clinical, biological, and environmental studies, and in food quality control.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, China.
authors.forename: Haowen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, China.
authors.forename: Lingyang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan Province China.
authors.forename: Linqian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, China.
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, China.
authors.forename: Fengping
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000737:chemistry; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D001360:Avidin / Q000032:analysis; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000032:analysis; D036103:Nanotechnology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D001360:Avidin; D008694:Methamphetamine; D006046:Gold