title: Iron deficiency (ID) at both birth and 9 months predicts right frontal EEG asymmetry in infancy.
abstract: This study considered effects of timing and duration of iron deficiency (ID) on frontal EEG asymmetry in infancy. In healthy term Chinese infants, EEG was recorded at 9 months in three experimental conditions: baseline, peek-a-boo, and stranger approach. Eighty infants provided data for all conditions. Prenatal ID was defined as low cord ferritin or high ZPP/H. Postnatal ID was defined as ≥ two abnormal iron measures at 9 months. Study groups were pre- and postnatal ID, prenatal ID only, postnatal ID only, and not ID. GLM repeated measure analysis showed a main effect for iron group. The pre- and postnatal ID group had negative asymmetry scores, reflecting right frontal EEG asymmetry (mean ± SE: -.18 ± .07) versus prenatal ID only (.00 ± .04), postnatal ID only (.03 ± .04), and not ID (.02 ± .04). Thus, ID at both birth and 9 months was associated with right frontal EEG asymmetry, a neural correlate of behavioral withdrawal and negative emotions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel.|Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls, 10th Floor, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5406.
authors.forename: Rinat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Armony-Sivan
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bingquan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls, 10th Floor, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5406.
authors.forename: Katy M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls, 10th Floor, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5406.
authors.forename: Blair
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls, 10th Floor, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5406.
authors.forename: Niko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaciroti
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls, 10th Floor, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5406. blozoff@umich.edu.|Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. blozoff@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Betsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lozoff
mesh_terms: D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood*; D005312:Fetal Blood; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006418:Heme / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D008297:Male; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011524:Protoporphyrins; C017803:zinc protoporphyrin; D006418:Heme; D005293:Ferritins
keywords: EEG; emotion; iron deficiency; pre- and postnatal