title: Pseudotumoral hemicerebellitis as a mimicker of Lhermitte-Duclos disease in children: does neuroimaging help to differentiate them?
abstract: The clinical presentation and neuroimaging findings of children with pseudotumoral hemicerebellitis (PTHC) and Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) may be very similar. The differentiation between these entities, however, is important because their management and prognosis are different. We report on three children with PTHC. For all three children, in the acute situation, the differentiation between PTHC and LDD was challenging. A review of the literature shows that a detailed evaluation of conventional and neuroimaging data may help to differentiate between these two entities. A striated folial pattern, brainstem involvement, and prominent veins surrounding the thickened cerebellar foliae on susceptibility weighted imaging favor LDD, while post-contrast enhancement and an increased choline peak on (1)H-Magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggest PTHC.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Thangamadhan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bosemani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sandra P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Toelle
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eugen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boltshauser
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Thierry A G M
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Huisman
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. aporett1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poretti
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006223:Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Children; Imaging; Lhermitte-Duclos disease; Pseudotumoral hemicerebellitis