title: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Activation as the Main Mechanisms Underlying Graphene Toxicity against Human Cancer Cells.
abstract: Due to the development of nanotechnology graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials have attracted the most attention owing to their unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Graphene can be applied in many fields among which biomedical applications especially diagnostics, cancer therapy, and drug delivery have been arousing a lot of interest. Therefore it is essential to understand better the graphene-cell interactions, especially toxicity and underlying mechanisms for proper use and development. This review presents the recent knowledge concerning graphene cytotoxicity and influence on different cancer cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of General & Experimental Pathology and Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jarosz
authors.affiliation: Department of General & Experimental Pathology and Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skoda
authors.affiliation: Department of General & Experimental Pathology and Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dudek
authors.affiliation: Department of General & Experimental Pathology and Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szukiewicz
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006108:Graphite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003603:Cytotoxins; D006108:Graphite