title: Genetic and epigenetic alterations of microRNAs and implications for human cancers and other diseases.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a well-studied group of noncoding RNAs that control gene expression by interacting mainly with messenger RNA. It is known that miRNAs and their biogenesis regulatory machineries have crucial roles in multiple cell processes; thus, alterations in these genes often lead to disease, such as cancer. Disruption of these genes can occur through epigenetic and genetic alterations, resulting in aberrant expression of miRNAs and subsequently of their target genes. This review focuses on the disruption of miRNAs and their key regulatory machineries by genetic alterations, with emphasis on mutations and epigenetic changes in cancer and other diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Musaffe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuna
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Andreia S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Calin
mesh_terms: D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D057890:Epigenomics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs