title: Enhanced degradation of benzene by percarbonate activated with Fe(II)-glutamate complex.
abstract: Effective degradation of benzene was achieved in sodium percarbonate (SPC)/Fe(II)-Glu system. The presence of glutamate (Glu) could enhance the regeneration of Fe(III) to Fe(II), which ensures the benzene degradation efficiency at wider pH range and eliminate the influence of HCO3 (-) in low concentration. Meanwhile, the significant scavenging effects of high HCO3 (-) concentration could also be overcome by increasing the Glu/SPC/Fe(II)/benzene molar ratio. Free radical probe compound tests, free radical scavenger tests, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis were conducted to explore the reaction mechanism for benzene degradation, in which hydroxyl radical (HO•) and superoxide anion radical (O2 (•-)) were confirmed as the predominant species responsible for benzene degradation. In addition, the results obtained in actual groundwater test strongly indicated that SPC/Fe(II)-Glu system is applicable for the remediation of benzene-contaminated groundwater in practice.
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Xiaori
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. xggu@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. lvshuguang@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Zhouwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Minhui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Danish
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Usman
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Zhaofu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sui
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000032:analysis; D001554:Benzene / Q000032:analysis*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013481:Superoxides / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002254:Carbonates; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013481:Superoxides; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D001554:Benzene; C034738:sodium percarbonate
keywords: Benzene; Fe(II)-glutamate; Groundwater remediation; Reactive oxygen species; Sodium percarbonate