title: Comprehensive Urine Drug Screen by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
abstract: Drug screening is an essential component of clinical toxicology laboratory service. Some laboratories use only automated chemistry analyzers for limited screening of drugs of abuse and few other drugs. Other laboratories use a combination of various techniques such as immunoassays, colorimetric tests, and mass spectrometry to provide more detailed comprehensive drug screening. Mass spectrometry, gas or liquid, can screen for hundreds of drugs and is often considered the gold standard for comprehensive drug screening. We describe an efficient and rapid gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for comprehensive drug screening in urine which utilizes a liquid-liquid extraction, sample concentration, and analysis by GC/MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
authors.forename: Bheemraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Funke
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
authors.forename: Clint
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frazee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA. ugarg@cmh.edu.
authors.forename: Uttam
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Garg
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Comprehensive drug screening; Drug analysis; Drug screening; GC/MS; Toxicology