title: Estimate of sulfur, arsenic, mercury, fluorine emissions due to spontaneous combustion of coal gangue: An important part of Chinese emission inventories.
abstract: A rough estimate of the annual amount of sulfur, arsenic, mercury and fluoride emission from spontaneous combustion of coal gangue in China was determined. The weighted mean concentrations of S, As, Hg, and F in coal gangue are 1.01%, 7.98, 0.18, and 365.54 mg/kg, respectively. Amounts of S, As, Hg, and F emissions from coal gangue spontaneous combustion show approximately 1.13 Mt, and 246, 45, and 63,298 tons in 2013, respectively. The atmospheric release amount of sulfur from coal gangue is more than one tenth of this from coal combustion, and the amounts of As, Hg, and F are close to or even exceed those from coal combustion. China's coal gangue production growth from 1992 to 2013 show an obvious growth since 2002. It may indicate that Chinese coal gangue has become a potential source of air pollution, which should be included in emission inventories.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Shaobin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: luokl@igsnrr.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Kunli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources of P. R. China, Xi'an 710021, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Resource Exploration Research, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China.
authors.forename: Yuzhuang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D000397:Air Pollution; D001151:Arsenic / Q000737:chemistry*; D002681:China; D003031:Coal / Q000032:analysis*; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry*; D018605:Spontaneous Combustion; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D003031:Coal; D005461:Fluorine; D013455:Sulfur; D008628:Mercury; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: As, Hg and F emissions; China; Coal gangue spontaneous combustion; Sulfur and harmful trace elements