title: Synergistic improvement of crop physiological status by combination of cadmium immobilization and micronutrient fertilization.
abstract: Wollastonite application in cadmium-contaminated soils can reduce cadmium concentrations in plant, while the side effect is the synchronous immobilization of micronutrients, which reduces micronutrient uptake in plant, inducing micronutrient deficient symptoms. Accordingly, we investigated whether the supplement of Zn and Mn fertilizers after the wollastonite addition could promote the growth and photosynthesis in amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.). In this study, plants were cultivated in cadmium-contaminated soil under micronutrient fertilization alone, wollastonite addition, and combination of wollastonite and micronutrient fertilization treatments. Then, plant biomass; photosynthesis parameters; and total Cd, Zn, and Mn concentrations were investigated. Moreover, chemical extractions were performed on soil samples. The results show that application of wollastonite decreased Cd, Zn, and Mn concentrations in plant and availability in soil and it increased the gas exchange ability of plants. But, it reduced the chlorophyll content in leaves and had no positive influence on plant biomass. In comparison, Zn and Mn fertilization after wollastonite application greatly increased plant biomass and photosynthetic ability. It also reduced Cd phytoavailability more efficiently. Therefore, synergistic improvement of physiological status of farmland crop by sequential treatment with first wollastonite for cadmium immobilization, and then micronutrient fertilization to avoid micronutrient deficiency, was demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road no.723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Jingtao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Certop UMR CNRS 5044, Université Toulouse J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dumat
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road no.723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Huanping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road no.723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Yingwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road no.723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Hanqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Shaoguan College, Shaoguan, 512005, China.
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road no.723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road no.723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510650, China. lizan@scbg.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D027721:Amaranthus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D005308:Fertilizers; D018977:Micronutrients; D017640:Silicates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D002734:Chlorophyll; C031293:calcium silicate
keywords: Cadmium; Manganese; Nutrient deficiency; Synchronous immobilization; Wollastonite; Zinc