title: Anodization parameters influencing the morphology and electrical properties of TiO2 nanotubes for living cell interfacing and investigations.
abstract: Nanotube structures have attracted tremendous attention in recent years in many applications. Among such nanotube structures, titania nanotubes (TiO2) have received paramount attention in the medical domain due to their unique properties, represented by high corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, high specific surface area, as well as great cell proliferation, adhesion and mineralization. Although lot of research has been reported in developing optimized titanium nanotube structures for different medical applications, however there is a lack of unified literature source that could provide information about the key parameters and experimental conditions required to develop such optimized structure. This paper addresses this gap, by focussing on the fabrication of TiO2 nanotubes through anodization process on both pure titanium and titanium alloys substrates to exploit the biocompatibility and electrical conductivity aspects, critical factors for many medical applications from implants to in-vivo and in-vitro living cell studies. It is shown that the morphology of TiO2 directly impacts the biocompatibility aspects of the titanium in terms of cell proliferation, adhesion and mineralization. Similarly, TiO2 nanotube wall thickness of 30-40nm has shown to exhibit improved electrical behaviour, a critical factor in brain mapping and behaviour investigations if such nanotubes are employed as micro-nano-electrodes.
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Vic 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khudhair
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Vic 3216, Australia. Electronic address: asim.bhatti@deakin.edu.au.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.affiliation: RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Georgia Institute of Technology, GA 30332, USA.
authors.forename: H Amani
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hamedani
authors.affiliation: Georgia Institute of Technology, GA 30332, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garmestani
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Vic 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Vic 3216, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nahavandi
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000601:surgery; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D043942:Nanotubes; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014025:Titanium; D014070:Tooth / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Anodization; TiO(2); Titania nanotubes