title: A Microperfusion and In-Bore Oxygenator System Designed for Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Studies on Living Tissue Explants.
abstract: Spectrometers now offer the field strengths necessary to visualize mammalian cells but were not designed to accommodate imaging of live tissues. As such, spectrometers pose significant challenges--the most evident of which are spatial limitations--to conducting experiments in living tissue. This limitation becomes problematic upon trying to employ commercial perfusion equipment which is bulky and--being designed almost exclusively for light microscopy or electrophysiology studies--seldom includes MR-compatibility as a design criterion. To overcome problems exclusive to ultra-high magnetic field environments with limited spatial access, we have designed microperfusion and in-bore oxygenation systems capable of interfacing with Bruker's series of micro surface-coils. These devices are designed for supporting cellular resolution imaging in MR studies of excised, living tissue. The combined system allows for precise control of both dissolved gas and pH levels in the perfusate thus demonstrating applicability for a wide range of tissue types. Its compactness, linear architecture, and MR-compatible material content are key design features intended to provide a versatile hardware interface compatible with any NMR spectrometer. Such attributes will ensure the microperfusion rig's continued utility as it may be used with a multitude of contemporary NMR systems in addition to those which are currently in development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.|McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jeremy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Flint
authors.affiliation: McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kannan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.affiliation: Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Forder
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.|McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.|National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Blackband
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004867:Equipment Design; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010106:Oxygenators; D010477:Perfusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen