title: Relation between the stand-up test and gait speed, knee osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound - Cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between the stand-up test and gait speed, knee osteoarthritis (OA), and osteoporosis using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 185 subjects (55 men, 130 women) aged ≥40 years (mean age, 63.7 years; range, 40-79 years) were evaluated using the stand-up test to screen for locomotive syndrome. We also assessed OA of the knee using X-rays and a subjective questionnaire, physical characteristics, 6-m gait speed (m/s), and bone density. If results on the stand-up test were worse than benchmarks by age group (i.e., the height at which 50% of each age group could stand-up), the subject was defined as having a risk for locomotive syndrome (L group). We analyzed the relationship between the stand-up test and other variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 185 subjects, 50 (27.0%) were classified into the L group. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences between the L group and non-L group in bone density (p < 0.001), gait speed (p < 0.001), osteoporosis (p < 0.001), slow gait speed group (SGSG) (cut off 1 m/s), and Japanese knee osteoarthritis measure score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, height, weight, and gender showed a significant association between the stand-up test and bone density (OR 0.960, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.927-0.994), gait speed (m/s) (OR 0.073, 95% CI 0.016-0.342), osteoporosis (OR 3.710, 95% CI 1.410-9.764), and SGSG (OR 7.849, 95% CI 1.628-37.845).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The stand-up test to screen for the risk for locomotive syndrome was associated with bone density, gait speed, osteoporosis, SGSG. The stand-up test is an easy test to use to screen for possible disability among the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. Electronic address: marine_ohsawa@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohsawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiozawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tajika
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Haku
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011187:Posture; D014463:Ultrasonography