title: Effect of treatment guidance using a retrospective continuous glucose monitoring system on glycaemic control in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of treatment guidance based on data from a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device on glycaemic control, and patient satisfaction, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with poorly-controlled T2DM treated with insulin were randomly assigned to the intervention or nonintervention group. Continuous blood-glucose levels were recorded for 4-5 days using a CGM device on three separate occasions during the 8-month study period. The intervention group received treatment guidance based on the CGM data; the nonintervention group received advice based on blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 34 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean ± SD baseline HbA1c was 8.2 ± 1.2% in the intervention group and 8.2 ± 0.9% in the nonintervention group. At the study end, there was no significant difference in the change from baseline of HbA1c between the two groups. There was also no significant difference in the change from baseline in the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire score between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study did not demonstrate that treatment guidance using retrospective CGM data was effective for improving glycaemic control and therapeutic satisfaction in Japanese patients with T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Centre for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan akana@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Fuki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nayumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shigihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toyoyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogihara
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mita
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujitani
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Centre for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Centre for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Sportology Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watada
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D003710:Demography; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring; insulin therapy; type 2 diabetes