title: Reducing Prejudice With Labels: Shared Group Memberships Attenuate Implicit Bias and Expand Implicit Group Boundaries.
abstract: In three experiments, we used a novel Implicit Association Test procedure to investigate the impact of group memberships on implicit bias and implicit group boundaries. Results from Experiment 1 indicated that categorizing targets using a shared category reduced implicit bias by increasing the extent to which positivity was associated with Blacks. Results from Experiment 2 revealed that shared group membership, but not mere positivity of a group membership, was necessary to reduce implicit bias. Quadruple process model analyses indicated that changes in implicit bias caused by shared group membership are due to changes in the way that targets are evaluated, not to changes in the regulation of evaluative bias. Results from Experiment 3 showed that categorizing Black targets into shared group memberships expanded implicit group boundaries.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Santa Barbara, USA wascroggins@gmail.com.
authors.forename: W Anthony
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Scroggins
authors.affiliation: University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: University of California, Davis, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Sherman
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011287:Prejudice; D063505:Racism; D012933:Social Identification; D012938:Social Perception; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: implicit bias; intergroup processes; intervention; shared group memberships