title: Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Curvature of the Femoral Canal in 426 Chinese Femurs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The human femur has long been considered to have an anatomical anterior curvature in the sagittal plane. We established a new method to evaluate the femoral curvature in three-dimensional (3D) space and reveal its influencing factors in Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  3D models of 426 femurs and the medullary canal were constructed using Mimics software. We standardized the positions of all femurs using 3ds Max software. After measuring the anatomical parameters, including the radius of femoral curvature (RFC) and banking angle, of the femurs using the established femur-specific coordinate system, we analyzed and determined the relationships between the anatomical parameters of the femur and the general characteristics of the population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pearson's correlation analyses showed that there were positive correlations between the RFC and height (r = 0.339, p < 0.001) and the femoral length and RFC (r = 0.369, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation between the femoral length and banking angle (r = -0.223, p < 0.001). Stepwise linear regression analyses showed that the most relevant factors for the RFC and banking angle were the femoral length and gender, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study concluded that the banking angle of the femur was significantly larger in female than in male.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China ; Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 8 Dongdajie Road, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China ; Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, No. 1 Block Tiantongyuan North, Beijing 102218, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Li-Cheng
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: An-Hua
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Li-Hai
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Fu
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010388:Pelvis / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed