title: Heart-type fatty acid binding protein and high-sensitivity troponin T are myocardial damage markers that could predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite many recent advances in endovascular therapy (EVT), peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an increasing health problem with high mortality. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) are markers of ongoing myocardial damage and have been reported to be useful indicators of future cardiovascular events. However, it remains to be determined whether H-FABP and hsTnT can predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients with PAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 208 de novo PAD patients who underwent EVT. Serum H-FABP and hsTnT were measured in all patients before EVT. During the median follow-up period of 694 days, there were 40 major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) including all-cause deaths, and re-hospitalizations due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and amputations. H-FABP and hsTnT were found to be higher in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) compared to those without this condition. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that both H-FABP and hsTnT were independent predictors of MACCEs after adjustment for confounding factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the highest tertile according to H-FABP levels, as well as those in the highest hsTnT tertile, were at greatest risk for MACCEs. The net reclassification index was significantly improved by the addition of H-FABP as well as the addition of hsTnT to traditional risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The myocardial damage markers H-FABP and hsTnT were increased in PAD patients with CLI and could predict MACCEs in PAD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Gensai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yamaura
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Funayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shishido
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kubota
keywords: Heart-type fatty acid binding protein; High-sensitivity troponin T; Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events; Peripheral artery disease