title: Developmental validation of an X-Insertion/Deletion polymorphism panel and application in HAN population of China.
abstract: InDels are short-length polymorphisms characterized by low mutation rates, high inter-population diversity, short amplicon strategy and simplicity of laboratory analysis. This work describes the developmental validation of an X-InDels panel amplifying 18 bi-allelic markers and Amelogenin in one single PCR system. Developmental validation indicated that this novel panel was reproducible, accurate, sensitive and robust for forensic application. Sensitivity testing of the panel was such that a full profile was obtainable even with 125 pg of human DNA with intra-locus balance above 70%. Specificity testing was demonstrated by the lack of cross-reactivity with a variety of commonly encountered animal species and microorganisms. For the stability testing in cases of PCR inhibition, full profiles have been obtained with hematin (≤1000 μM) and humic acid (≤150 ng/μL). For the forensic investigation of the 18 X-InDels in the HAN population of China, no locus deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and linkage disequilibrium. Since they are independent from each other, the CDPfemale was 0.999999726 and CDPmale was 0.999934223. The forensic parameters suggested that this X-Indel panel is polymorphic and informative, which provides valuable X-linked information for deficient relationship cases where autosomal markers are uninformative.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.R. China, Shanghai 200063, P.R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Suhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China.
authors.forename: Kuan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.R. China, Shanghai 200063, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yingnan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.R. China, Shanghai 200063, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.R. China, Shanghai 200063, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chaoneng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice, P.R. China, Shanghai 200063, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chengtao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056426:Genetic Loci; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic