title: Purple carrot extract protects against cadmium intoxication in multiple organs of rats: Genotoxicity, oxidative stress and tissue morphology analyses.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate if purple carrot extract is able to protect against the noxious activities induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of rats. For this purpose, histopathological analysis, genotoxicity and oxidative status were investigated in this setting. A total of twenty Wistar rats weighing 250g on the average, and 8 weeks age were distributed into four groups (n=5), as follows: Control group (non-treated group, CTRL); Cadmium group (Cd) and Purple carrot extract groups at 400mg/L or 800mg/L. Histopathological analysis revealed that liver from animals treated with purple carrot extract improved tissue degeneration induced by cadmium intoxication. Genetic damage was reduced in blood and hepatocytes as depicted by comet and micronucleus assays in animals treated with purple carrot extract. SOD-CuZn and cytocrome C gene expression increased in groups treated with purple carrot extract. Purple carrot extract also reduced the 8OHdG levels in liver cells when compared to cadmium group. Taken together, our results demonstrate that purple carrot extract is able to protect against cadmium intoxication by means of reducing tissue regeneration, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in multiple organs of Wistar rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Samuel Rangel
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Claudio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea Pittelli Boiago
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gollucke
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hirochi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.affiliation: ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Damila Rodrigues
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.affiliation: ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovana Anceski
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bataglion
authors.affiliation: ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Nogueira
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Eberlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogerio Correa
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Peres
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celina Tizuko Fujiyama
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: daribeiro@unifesp.br.
authors.forename: Daniel Araki
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D020552:Comet Assay; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D045304:Cytochromes c; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
keywords: Cadmium; Genotoxicity; Oxidative stress; Purple carrot; Rat