title: Adenocarcinoma cells isolated from patients in the presence of cerium and transferrin in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerium as a trace element in the periodic table is a member of the lanthanide group. Cerium ionic radius and its binding properties are similar to ferric ions, which may be bound to transferrin. So it can be considered as a competitive element to iron and can interfere with iron absorption. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Cerium in presence of transferrin on gastric adenocarcinoma cells in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  The adenocarcinoma cells were obtained from patients after a pathological confirmation, then they were cultured in DMEM environment and cytotoxic effect of different concentrations of cerium were measured (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 µM) in the presence and absence of transferrin, on periods 24 and 48 hours by MTT and LDH cytotoxic assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of MTT and LDH measurements showed that Cerium itself has a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells isolated from the patient as well as it increases significantly in the presence of transferrin carrying a mortality rate of cancer cells (P <.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cerium is competitive element in the mechanism of iron absorption and can interfere and inhibit the growth of adenocarcinoma cancer cells; also, the use of Cerium and transferrin simultaneously may cause a greater inhibitory effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zende-Del
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gholami
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abdollahpour
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahmadvand
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods*; D002563:Cerium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D014168:Transferrin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014168:Transferrin; D002563:Cerium; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
keywords: Cerium; adenocarcinoma; cytotoxicity; transferrin