title: Small Buccal Fat Pad Cells Have High Osteogenic Differentiation Potential.
abstract: Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells derived from mature adipocytes have mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) characteristics. Generally, mature adipocytes are 60-110 μm in diameter; however, association between adipocyte size and dedifferentiation efficiency is still unknown. This study, therefore, investigated the dedifferentiation efficiency of adipocytes based on cell diameter. Buccal fat pad was harvested from five human donors and dissociated by collagenase digestion. After exclusion of unwanted stromal cells by centrifugation, floating adipocytes were collected and their size distribution was analyzed. The floating adipocytes were then separated into two groups depending on cell size using 40- and 100-μm nylon mesh filters: cell diameters less than 40 μm (small adipocytes: S-adipocytes) and cell diameters of 40-100 μm (large adipocytes: L-adipocytes). Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of adipocyte dedifferentiation and then characterized the resultant DFAT cells. The S-adipocytes showed a higher capacity to dedifferentiate into DFAT cells (S-DFAT cells) compared to the L-adipocytes (L-DFAT cells). The S-DFAT cells also showed a relatively higher proportion of CD146-positive cells than L-DFAT cells, and exhibited more osteogenic differentiation ability based on the alkaline phosphatase activity and amount of calcium deposition. These results suggested that the S- and L-DFAT cells had distinct characteristics, and that the higher dedifferentiation potential of S-adipocytes compared to L-adipocytes gives the former group an advantage in yielding DFAT cells.
authors.affiliation: 1 Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Niina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsurumachi
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.affiliation: 3 Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University , Fujisawa, Japan .
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.affiliation: 4 Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine , Itabashi-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toriumi
authors.affiliation: 4 Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine , Itabashi-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kazama
authors.affiliation: 3 Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University , Fujisawa, Japan .
authors.forename: Yoshinao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: 7 Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonogi
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isokawa
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry , Chiyoda-ku, Japan .
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: 8 Department of Oral Anatomy, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry , Nagoya, Japan .
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000328:Adult; D054337:Cell Dedifferentiation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D048430:Cell Shape; D048429:Cell Size; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005453:Fluorescence; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D000066449:Human Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult