title: Cytotoxicity of glass ionomer cements containing silver nanoparticles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some studies have investigated the possibility of incorporating silver nanoparticles (NAg) into dental materials to improve their antibacterial properties. However, the potential toxic effect of this material on pulp cells should be investigated in order to avoid additional damage to the pulp tissue. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (GIC) with and without addition of NAg.
  
  
  METHODS
  NAg were added to the materials at two different concentrations by weight: 0.1% and 0.2%. Specimens with standardized dimensions were prepared, immersed in 400 µL of culture medium and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 48 h to prepare GIC liquid extracts, which were then incubated in contact with cells for 48 h. Culture medium and 0.78% NAg solution were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Cell viability was determined by MTT and Trypan Blue assays. ANOVA and the Tukey test (α=0.05) were used for statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both tests revealed a significant decrease in cell viability in all groups of resin modified cements (p<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between groups with and without NAg (p>0.05). The differences in cell viability between any group of conventional GIC and the negative control were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NAg did not affect the cytotoxicity of the GIC under evaluation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Glass ionomer cements, totoxicity, cell culture techniques, nanotechnology, metal nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: DDS, MSc. Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia-Correia
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.affiliation: DDS, MSc. Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás,Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana-Paula-Rodrigues
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: MSc. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Federal University of Goiás,Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wanessa-Carvalho
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.affiliation: MSc, PhD. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia-Castro
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: MSc, PhD. Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elisângela-Paula
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Silveira-Lacerda
authors.affiliation: MSc. Physics Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus-Santos
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Carrião
authors.affiliation: MSc, PhD. Physics Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andris-Figueiroa
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Bakuzis
authors.affiliation: DDS, MSc, PhD. Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos-Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Souza-Costa
authors.affiliation: DDS, MSc, PhD. Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lawrence-Gonzaga
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: DDS, MSc, PhD. Department of Stomatological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Estrela