title: American Thoracic Society and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Implementation Research Workshop Report.
abstract: To advance implementation research (IR) in respiratory, sleep, and critical care medicine, the American Thoracic Society and the Division of Lung Diseases from the NHLBI cosponsored an Implementation Research Workshop on May 17, 2014. The goals of IR are to understand the barriers and facilitators of integrating new evidence into healthcare practices and to develop and test strategies that systematically target these factors to accelerate the adoption of evidence-based care. Throughout the workshop, presenters provided examples of IR that focused on the rate of adoption of evidence-based practices, the feasibility and acceptability of interventions to patients and other stakeholders who make healthcare decisions, the fidelity with which practitioners use specific interventions, the effects of specific barriers on the sustainability of an intervention, and the implications of their research to inform policies to improve patients' access to high-quality care. During the discussions that ensued, investigators' experience led to recommendations underscoring the importance of identifying and involving key stakeholders throughout the research process, ensuring that those who serve as reviewers understand the tenets of IR, managing staff motivation and turnover, and tackling the challenges of scaling up interventions across multiple settings.
authors.affiliation: 1 National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Bruce G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Bender
authors.affiliation: 2 University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Jerry A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: 3 National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: 4 University of Connecticut Health Center, Hartford, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cloutier
authors.affiliation: 5 Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kristin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Riekert
authors.affiliation: 5 Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Cynthia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.affiliation: 6 Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, California.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schatz
authors.affiliation: 7 Mount Auburn Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Carey C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.affiliation: 8 Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute and Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
authors.forename: Sandra R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: 9 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Apter
authors.affiliation: 10 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Shannon S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.affiliation: 9 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: 11 University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Joe K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gerald
authors.affiliation: 11 University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gerald
authors.affiliation: 12 University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Goss
authors.affiliation: 13 University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Sande O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Okelo
authors.affiliation: 14 The Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mularski
authors.affiliation: 6 Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego, California.
authors.forename: Huong Q
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: 15 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Minal R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: 16 Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Stanley J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Szefler
authors.affiliation: 17 Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Curtis H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: 18 Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and.
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: 19 Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freemer
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D054555:National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.); D058028:Research Report; D014481:United States
keywords: dissemination; knowledge transfer; translational research