title: Dietary carbohydrate intake, glycaemic load, glycaemic index and ovarian cancer risk in African-American women.
abstract: Epidemiological evidence regarding the association between carbohydrate intake, glycaemic load (GL) and glycaemic index (GI) and risk of ovarian cancer has been mixed. Little is known about their impact on ovarian cancer risk in African-American women. Associations between carbohydrate quantity and quality and ovarian cancer risk were investigated among 406 cases and 609 controls using data from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES). AACES is an ongoing population-based case-control study of ovarian cancer in African-Americans in the USA. Cases were identified through rapid case ascertainment and age- and site-matched controls were identified by random-digit dialling. Dietary information over the year preceding diagnosis or the reference date was obtained using a FFQ. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% CI adjusted for covariates. The OR comparing the highest quartile of total carbohydrate intake and total sugar intake v. the lowest quartile were 1·57 (95% CI 1·08, 2·28; P trend=0·03) and 1·61 (95% CI 1·12, 2·30; P trend<0·01), respectively. A suggestion of an inverse association was found for fibre intake. Higher GL was positively associated with the risk of ovarian cancer (OR 1·18 for each 10 units/4184 kJ (1000 kcal); 95% CI 1·04, 1·33). No associations were observed for starch or GI. Our findings suggest that high intake of total sugars and GL are associated with greater risk of ovarian cancer in African-American women.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Population Science,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey,New Brunswick,NJ 08903,USA.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2110-6050
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Community and Family Medicine,Duke Cancer Institute,Durham,NC 27705,USA.
authors.forename: Patricia G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Moorman
authors.affiliation: 3Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences,Medical University of South Carolina,Charleston,SC 29425,USA.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Alberg
authors.affiliation: 4Case Comprehensive Cancer Center,Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine,Cleveland,OH 44106,USA.
authors.forename: Jill S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Barnholtz-Sloan
authors.affiliation: 5Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program,Baylor College of Medicine,Houston,TX 77030,USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bondy
authors.affiliation: 6Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute,Population Studies and Disparities Research Program,Wayne State University School of Medicine,Detroit,MI 48201,USA.
authors.forename: Michele L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cote
authors.affiliation: 7Division of Preventive Medicine,University of Alabama at Birmingham,Birmingham,AL 35205,USA.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Funkhouser
authors.affiliation: 8Epidemiology Program,Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health,New Orleans,LA 70112,USA.
authors.forename: Edward S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: 6Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute,Population Studies and Disparities Research Program,Wayne State University School of Medicine,Detroit,MI 48201,USA.
authors.forename: Ann G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: 9Departments of Public Health and Surgery,University of Tennessee-Knoxville,Knoxville,TN 37996,USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Community and Family Medicine,Duke Cancer Institute,Durham,NC 27705,USA.
authors.forename: Joellen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schildkraut
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Population Science,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey,New Brunswick,NJ 08903,USA.
authors.forename: Elisa V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Bandera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index / Q000208:ethnology; D000067940:Glycemic Load / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D019422:Dietary Sucrose
keywords: African-American women; Carbohydrate; Epidemiology; GI glycaemic index; GL glycaemic load; Glycaemic load; IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1; Ovarian cancer