title: The Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Level and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders. In recent years, the impacts of various micronutrients on ADHD have been studied. However, vitamin D has received much less attention. This study was aimed at evaluating the association and level of serum vitamin D in children with ADHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study was carried out, in 2012, on 6 to 12 yr-old children. Thirty-seven were children with ADHD in the cases group and another 37 healthy children were in the control group. Venous blood sample was drawn from each child to measure the serum level of vitamin D. Other variables were compared as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean serum vitamin D level of children with ADHD (19.11±10.10 ng/ml) was significantly lower than that of the control group (28.67±13.76 ng/ml) (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deficiency of vitamin D has been proved in various psychiatric diseases. This study evidenced a significantly low level of serum vitamin D in children with ADHD. This suggests the need for regularly monitoring of serum vitamin D levels and treatment of patients with vitamin D deficiencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: Student of Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madani
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Endocrine & Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tabatabaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zakieh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tabatabaee
keywords: ADHD; Children; Psychiatric diseases; Vitamin D