title: Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of caprine Orf virus in Malaysia.
abstract: Orf virus is a DNA virus that causes contiguous ecthyma in goat and sheep. Infection of animals with this virus cause high mortality in young animals resulting in huge economic losses. In this study, we investigated an outbreak of Orf in a goat farm in Malaysia. Samples were collected from infected animals and viral isolation was done using both LT and MDCK cell lines. Molecular detection was done by conventional PCR for specific primers; B2L and F1L genes and phylogenetic analysis was done on the sequence data obtained. Cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed in both cell lines after 3 days of inoculation and were 50 % by the sixth day. PCR showed positive bands for both B2L and F1L genes and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Malaysian strain had close homology to the Chinese and Indian Orf virus isolates. This study gives more insight into the existing Orf viral strains in Malaysia and their relationship with other strains globally.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ashwaq Ahmed
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9485-0046
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Muhammad Farid Bin
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Krishnan Nair
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Jamilu Abubakar
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bala
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Homayoun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abba
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Kamaruddin
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Awang Isa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Faez Firdaus Jesse
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti Suri
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Arshad
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia ; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zeenatul Allaudin
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Nazariah
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia ; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rasedee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Noordin Mohamed
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mustapha
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor DE Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd-Azmi
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mohd-Lila
keywords: Contagious ecthyma; Goat; Orf virus; Parapoxvirus; Sore-mouth infection