title: [Teaching practices of thoracic epidural catheterizations in different grade of anesthesia residents].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to clarify the importance of residency grade and other factors which influence the success of thoracic epidural catheterization in thoracotomy patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  After the ethical committee approval, data were recorded retrospectively from the charts of 415 patients. All patients had given written informed consent. The thoracic epidural catheterization attempts were divided into two groups as second-third year (Group I) and fourth year (Group II) according to residency grade. We retrospectively collected demographic data, characteristics of thoracic epidural catheterization attempts, and all difficulties and complications during thoracic epidural catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall success rate of thoracic epidural catheterization was similar between the groups. Levels of catheter placement, number and duration of thoracic epidural catheterization attempts were not different between the groups (p>0.05). Change of needle insertion level was statistically higher in Group II (p=0.008), whereas paresthesia was significantly higher in Group I (p=0.007). Dural puncture and postdural puncture headache rates were higher in Group I. Higher body mass index and level of the insertion site were significant factors for thoracic epidural catheterization failure and postoperative complication rate and those were independence from residents' experience (p<0.001, 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Body mass index and level of insertion site were significant on thoracic epidural catheterization failure and postoperative complication rate. We think that residents' grade is not a significant factor in terms overall success rate of thoracic epidural catheterization, but it is important for outcome of these procedures.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Hospital Ataturk de Ensino e Pesquisa de Doenças do Peito e Cirurgia Tóracica, Ancara, Turquia. Electronic address: mdalagoz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alagoz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Hospital Ataturk de Ensino e Pesquisa de Doenças do Peito e Cirurgia Tóracica, Ancara, Turquia.
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sazak
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Hospital Ataturk de Ensino e Pesquisa de Doenças do Peito e Cirurgia Tóracica, Ancara, Turquia.
authors.forename: Mehtap
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tunc
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Hospital Ataturk de Ensino e Pesquisa de Doenças do Peito e Cirurgia Tóracica, Ancara, Turquia.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ulus
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Afyon Kocatepe, Afyonkarahisar, Turquia.
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokulu
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia e Reanimação, Hospital Ataturk de Ensino e Pesquisa de Doenças do Peito e Cirurgia Tóracica, Ancara, Turquia.
authors.forename: Polat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pehlivanoglu
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anestesiologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Gazi, Ancara, Turquia.
authors.forename: Saziye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahin
keywords: Cateterismo epidural torácico; Complications; Complicações; Failure rate; Residency training; Taxa de falha; Thoracic epidural catheterization; Treinamento em residência