title: microRNAs and Soft Tissue Sarcomas.
abstract: Soft tissue sarcomas are a highly heterogenous group of malignant tumors that originate from mesenchymal tissues including muscle, adipose and fibrous tissues, blood vessels, and peripheral nerves. A large variety of histological subtypes that current diagnostic approaches recognize present a diagnostic challenge because their clinical and histopathological characteristics are not always distinct. One of the important clinical problems is a lack of useful biomarkers; therefore, the discovery of biomarkers that can be used to detect tumors or predict tumor response to chemotherapy or radiotherapy could help clinicians provide more effective clinical management. Recent reports on microRNAs (miRNAs) in soft tissue sarcomas have provided clues to solve the problem. Evidence for miRNAs in tumor tissues as well as circulating miRNAs in patients' blood is accelerating the potential to transform clinical applications. In this chapter, we summarize the emerging evidence of dysregulated miRNAs in tumor tissues and patients' blood and discuss the potential of miRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. tomomedvn@gmail.com.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. tomomedvn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.|Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunisada
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.|Department of Intelligent Orthopaedic System, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Biomarker; Soft tissue sarcoma; Therapeutics; microRNA