title: A Graphic Overlay Method for Selection of Osteotomy Site in Chronic Radial Head Dislocation: An Evaluation of 3D-printed Bone Models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography imaging is now being used to generate 3D models for planning orthopaedic surgery, but the process remains time consuming and expensive. For chronic radial head dislocation, we have designed a graphic overlay approach that employs selected 3D computer images and widely available software to simplify the process of osteotomy site selection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 5 patients (2 traumatic and 3 congenital) with unilateral radial head dislocation. These patients were treated with surgery based on traditional radiographs, but they also had full sets of 3D CT imaging done both before and after their surgery: these 3D CT images form the basis for this study. From the 3D CT images, each patient generated 3 sets of 3D-printed bone models: 2 copies of the preoperative condition, and 1 copy of the postoperative condition. One set of the preoperative models was then actually osteotomized and fixed in the manner suggested by our graphic technique. Arcs of rotation of the 3 sets of 3D-printed bone models were then compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arcs of rotation of the 3 groups of bone models were significantly different, with the models osteotomized accordingly to our graphic technique having the widest arcs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For chronic radial head dislocation, our graphic overlay approach simplifies the selection of the osteotomy site(s). Three-dimensional-printed bone models suggest that this approach could improve range of motion of the forearm in actual surgical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level IV-therapeutic study.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery †Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Seo-Gu §R&D Team, Senior Industry Support Center, Busan Technopark, Busan ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hui Taek
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tae Young
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Jae Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Kang Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Duk Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D011884:Radius / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D038062:Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult