title: Biomarkers of oxidative-stress and inflammation in exhaled breath condensate from hospital cleaners.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the impact of chlorinated agents exposure on exhaled breath condensate (EBC) biomarkers in cleaners.
  
  
  METHODS
  Malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), nitrites (NO2(-)), nitrates (NO3(-)), pH, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ammonium (NH3(+)) were tested in EBC of 40 cleaners and 40 non-exposed controls. Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and soluble type II receptor of IL-1 (sIL-1RII) were analyzed also in plasma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of MDA-EBC, 4-HNE-EBC and NO3(-)-EBC were higher, while pH-EBC values were lower, in cleaners. MDA-EBC was associated with 4-HNE-EBC, NO3(-)-EBC and pH. 4-HNE-EBC correlated with PTX3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Professional exposure to chlorinated agents increases EBC biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casimirri
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Mariarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stendardo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonci
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Parma , Parma , Italy , and.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andreoli
authors.affiliation: c Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico , Rozzano , Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bottazzi
authors.affiliation: c Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico , Rozzano , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schito
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaccari
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Contoli
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Parma , Parma , Italy , and.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corradi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy .
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boschetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001944:Breath Tests; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D045853:Exhalation; D006797:Housekeeping, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D016014:Linear Models; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I / Q000097:blood; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
keywords: Biological effect markers; Pentraxin-3; cleaners; exhaled breath condensate; soluble interleukin-1 receptor type II