title: A novel mechanism of neuroprotection: Blood glutamate grabber.
abstract: Glutamate excitotoxicity is a primary contributor of ischemic neuronal death and other cellular components of the neurovascular unit. Several strategies have been developed against glutamate excitotoxicity, however none of them have not shown positive results in the clinical practice so far. Nowadays, the concept of blood/brain glutamate grabbing or scavenging is well recognized as a novel and attractive protective strategy to reduce the excitotoxic effect of excess extracellular glutamate that accumulates in the brain following an ischemic stroke. The main advantage of this novel therapeutic strategy is that it occurs in the blood circulation and therefore does not affect the normal brain neurophysiology, as it has been described for other drug treatments used against glutamate excitotoxicity. In this work we report all experimental data from the beginning of our studies, focused on stroke pathology, and we describe new findings about the potential application of this therapy. Future clinical trials will allow to know the real efficacy of this novel therapeutic strategy in stroke patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain jose.castillo.sanchez@sergas.es francisco.campos.perez@sergas.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Discovery group BioFarma, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain BioFarma Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: María Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Loza
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mirelman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Discovery group BioFarma, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain BioFarma Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brea
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Tomás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sobrino
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Campos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050491:Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000066829:Neuroprotection; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D050491:Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D018698:Glutamic Acid
keywords: Blood–brain barrier; brain ischemia; experimental; glutamate; neuroprotection