title: Feeling blue, going green and finding other attractive alternatives: a case of biphasic anaphylaxis to patent blue and a literature review of alternative sentinel node localisation methods.
abstract: Patent blue dye is used for sentinel lymph node localisation in order to stage the axilla in patients with breast cancer. Patent blue is one of the most common dyes used across the UK, however, the incidence of adverse effects seems to be increasing. This case highlights our experience of a biphasic anaphylactic reaction to patent blue dye, and we conduct a brief literature review of alternative and more novel methods to adequately visualise the lymphatics for sentinel lymph node biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle under Lyme, UK.
authors.forename: Fahad Mujtaba
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0834-1275
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Keele University, Newcastle under Lyme, Staffordshire, UK.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basit
authors.affiliation: County Hospital, Stafford, UK.
authors.forename: Fathi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.affiliation: County Hospital, Stafford, UK.
authors.forename: Raghavan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vidya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006854:Hydrocortisone