title: Polyesterurethane and acellular matrix based hybrid biomaterial for bladder engineering.
abstract: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) based biomaterials for soft tissue engineering have inherent disadvantages, such as a relative rigidity and a limited variability in the mechanical properties and degradation rates. In this study, a novel electrospun biomaterial based on degradable polyesterurethane (PEU) (DegraPol®) was investigated for potential use for bladder engineering in vitro and in vivo. Hybrid microfibrous PEU and PLGA scaffolds were produced by direct electrospinning of the polymer onto a bladder acellular matrix. The scaffold morphology of the scaffold was analyzed, and the biological performance was tested in vitro and in vivo using a rat cystoplasty model. Anatomical and functional outcomes after implantation were analyzed macroscopically, histologically and by cystometry, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that PEU samples had a lower porosity (p < 0.001) and were slightly thinner (p = 0.009) than the PGLA samples. Proliferation and survival of the seeded smooth muscle cells in vitro were comparable on PEU and PLGA scaffolds. After 8 weeks in vivo, the PEU scaffolds exhibited no shrinkage. However, cystometry of the reconstructed bladders exhibited a slightly greater functional bladder capacity in the PLGA group. Morphometric analyses revealed significantly better tissue healing (p < 0.05) and, in particular, better smooth muscle regeneration, as well as a lower rate of inflammatory responses at 8 weeks in the PEU group. Collectively, the results indicated that PEU-hybrid scaffolds promote bladder tissue formation with excellent tissue integration and a low inflammatory reaction in vivo. PEU is a promising biomaterial, particularly with regard to functional tissue engineering of the bladder and other hollow organs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 658-667, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Division of Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horst
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Milleret
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noetzli
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gobet
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Tullio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sulser
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eberli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D001743:Urinary Bladder
chemical_list: C104154:DegraPol; D011091:Polyesters; D011140:Polyurethanes; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: acellular matrix; hybrid scaffold; polyesterurethane; tissue engineering; urinary bladder