title: Can posterior teeth of patients be translated buccally, and does bone form on the buccal surface in response?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To produce buccal translation and determine whether buccal bone forms on the cortical surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients requiring maxillary first premolar extractions participated in this prospective, randomized, split-mouth study. Pre- and posttreatment records included models, photographs, and small field of view CBCT images. One randomly chosen maxillary first premolar was moved buccally with 50 g of force applied approximately at the tooth's center of resistance. The other premolar served as the control. Forces were re-activated every 3 weeks for approximately 9 weeks, after which the teeth were held in place for 3 weeks. Pre- and posttreatment records were analyzed and superimposed to evaluate changes in the dental-alveolar complex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant (P < .05) movement of the experimental premolar with minimal buccal tipping (2.2°). Changes in maximum bone height were bimodal, with 6 patients showing 0.42 mm and 5 patients showing 8.3 mm of vertical bone loss. Buccal bone thickness 3 mm apical to the CEJ decreased 0.63 mm. Direct measurements and CBCT superimpositions showed that buccal bone over the roots grew 0.46 mm and 0.51 mm, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to produce buccal bodily tooth movement with only limited amounts of tipping. Such movements are capable of producing buccal bone apposition, but there are potential limitations.
authors.affiliation: a   Private Practice, Dallas, Tex.
authors.forename: Chad J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Capps
authors.affiliation: b   Associate Professor and Chairman, Orthodontic Department, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex.
authors.forename: Phillip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: c   Regents Professor, Diagnostic Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex.
authors.forename: Byron
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.affiliation: d   Regents Professor and Director of Orthodontic Research, Orthodontic Department, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex.
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Buschang
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process; D001641:Bicuspid; D001732:Bite Force; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation
keywords: Bone formation; CBCT; Patients; Tooth translation