title: Bone bonding strength of diamond-structured porous titanium-alloy implants manufactured using the electron beam-melting technique.
abstract: The present study examined the bone bonding strength of diamond-structured porous titanium-alloy (Porous-Ti-alloy) manufactured using the electron beam-melting technique in comparison with fiber mesh-coated or rough-surfaced implants. Cylindrical implants with four different pore sizes (500, 640, 800, and 1000μm) of Porous-Ti-alloy, titanium fiber mesh (FM), and surfaces roughened by titanium arc spray (Ti-spray) were implanted into the distal femur of rabbits. Bone bonding strength and histological bone ingrowth were evaluated at 4 and 12weeks after implantation. The bone bonding strength of Porous-Ti-alloy implants (640μm pore size) increased over time from 541.4N at 4weeks to 704.6N at 12weeks and was comparable to that of FM and Ti-spray implants at both weeks. No breakage of the porous structure after mechanical testing was found with Porous-Ti-alloy implants. Histological bone ingrowth that increased with implantation time occurred along the inner structure of Porous-Ti-alloy implants. There was no difference in bone ingrowth in Porous-Ti-alloy implants with pore sizes among 500, 640, and 800μm; however, less bone ingrowth was observed with the 1000μm pore size. These results indicated Porous-Ti-alloy implants with pore size under 800μm provided biologically active and mechanically stable surface for implant fixation to bone, and had potential advantages for weight bearing orthopedic implants such as acetabular cups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. Electronic address: yasunaka@ortho.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Kyocera Medical Corporation, 3-3-31, Miyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0003, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.affiliation: Design & Development Department, Kyocera Medical Corporation, 3-3-31, Miyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532-0003, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Kyocera Medical Corporation, 3-3-31, Miyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0003, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D018130:Diamond / Q000737:chemistry*; D005269:Femur / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D016062:Porosity; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011817:Rabbits; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D018130:Diamond; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Bone ingrowth; Electron beam-melting technique; Porous titanium-alloy; Push-out testing; Ti-6Al-4V