title: Neurosupportive Role of Vanillin, a Natural Phenolic Compound, on Rotenone Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.
abstract: Vanillin, a phenolic compound, has been reported to offer neuroprotection against experimental Huntington's disease and global ischemia by virtue of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. The present study aims to elucidate the underlying neuroprotective mechanism of vanillin in rotenone induced neurotoxicity. Cell viability was assessed by exposing SH-SY5Y cells to various concentrations of rotenone (5-200 nM) for 24 h. The therapeutic effectiveness of vanillin against rotenone was measured by pretreatment of vanillin at various concentrations (5-200 nM) and then incubation with rotenone (100 nM). Using effective dose of vanillin (100 nM), mitochondrial membrane potential, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression patterns of apoptotic markers were assessed. Toxicity of rotenone was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS generation, release of cyt-c, and enhanced expressions of proapoptotic and downregulation of antiapoptotic indices via the upregulation of p38 and JNK-MAPK pathway proteins. Our results indicated that the pretreatment of vanillin attenuated rotenone induced mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Thus, vanillin may serve as a potent therapeutic agent in the future by virtue of its multiple pharmacological properties in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases including PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India.
authors.forename: Chinnasamy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dhanalakshmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India.
authors.forename: Thamilarasan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manivasagam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India.
authors.forename: Jagatheesan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nataraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India.
authors.forename: Arokiasamy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Justin Thenmozhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman ; Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman ; Food and Brain Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600094, India.
authors.forename: Musthafa Mohamed
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Essa