title: VALUES OF TRACE ELEMENTS SELENIUM, COPPER, ZINC, AND IODINE AND OF VITAMIN E IN CAPTIVE LESSER KUDUS (TRAGELAPHUS IMBERBIS).
abstract: Lesser kudus (Tragelaphus imberbis) have been kept in Zoo Basel since 1956. Juvenile mortality used to be high, and a recent study to reveal pathologic findings identified white muscle disease as a major contributor to this problem. Therefore, a retrospective study was initiated using 16 stored serum samples from lesser kudus from 2000 to 2013 to determine the concentration of selected trace elements, including selenium, copper, zinc, and iodine. Additionally, three serum samples were used to measure serum vitamin E values. Serum analysis revealed that copper, zinc, and iodine values were within reference ranges for domestic ruminants, and the supplementation status of these trace elements was assumed to be adequate. In contrast, vitamin E levels were low and selenium levels were scarce in several animals, indicating a deficiency of these essential micronutrients. The results of the analyses are compared with literature references.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoby
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Völlm
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wenker
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo; D000866:Antelopes / Q000097:blood*; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007455:Iodine / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E; D003300:Copper; D007455:Iodine; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Copper; Tragelaphus imberbis; iodine; lesser kudu; selenium; zinc