title: Peculiarities of vascular tunic microstructure of the white rat eyeball under the effect of opioid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article deals with determination of changes in the structural organization of vascular tunic of the eyeball under the effect of opioid.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out on 24 mature white male rats aged 3.0-4.5 months and 170-280 g weight. The research material included histological specimen and semi-thin sections of white rats' eyeball vascular tunic. For the histological study, microscopic sections of the eyeball were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Heidenhain's Azan trichrome. Specimens were studied and photographed with microscope magnification: ×600, ×1000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first signs of microstructure disorder in all parts of vascular tunic of the eyeball are noticeable after two weeks of nalbuphine injection to the white rats. During the next four weeks of the experiment, the pathological changes increase and are manifested by the swelling and polymorphonuclear infiltration of the iris, ciliary body, choroid and by deep destructive changes of eyeball hemomicrocirculatory bloodstream. Histological and ultramicroscopic studies of the white rats' eyeball vascular tunic after six weeks of nalbuphine injections showed deep destructive changes in the structure of all parts of vascular tunic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated a negative effect of the prolonged injection of opioid in the experiment on the state of microstructural organization of the eyeball vascular tunic. Development of angiopathy is the triggering for occurrence of destructive changes in the eyeball under the effect of opioid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Normal Anatomy, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine; uljaska.p@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lesya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mateshuk-Vatseba
authors.forename: Uliana
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pidvalna
authors.forename: Andriy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kost
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002829:Choroid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005123:Eye / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007498:Iris / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009266:Nalbuphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009266:Nalbuphine