title: CDK4 is an essential insulin effector in adipocytes.
abstract: Insulin resistance is a fundamental pathogenic factor that characterizes various metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue contributes to the development of obesity-related insulin resistance through increased release of fatty acids, altered adipokine secretion, and/or macrophage infiltration and cytokine release. Here, we aimed to analyze the participation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in adipose tissue biology. We determined that white adipose tissue (WAT) from CDK4-deficient mice exhibits impaired lipogenesis and increased lipolysis. Conversely, lipolysis was decreased and lipogenesis was increased in mice expressing a mutant hyperactive form of CDK4 (CDK4(R24C)). A global kinome analysis of CDK4-deficient mice following insulin stimulation revealed that insulin signaling is impaired in these animals. We determined that insulin activates the CCND3-CDK4 complex, which in turn phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) at serine 388, thereby creating a positive feedback loop that maintains adipocyte insulin signaling. Furthermore, we found that CCND3 expression and IRS2 serine 388 phosphorylation are increased in human obese subjects. Together, our results demonstrate that CDK4 is a major regulator of insulin signaling in WAT.
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lagarrigue
authors.forename: Isabel C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lopez-Mejia
authors.forename: Pierre-Damien
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Denechaud
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Escoté
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castillo-Armengol
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chavey
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giralt
authors.forename: Qiuwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Lianjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Laia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martinez-Carreres
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delacuisine
authors.forename: Jean-Sébastien
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Annicotte
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blanchet
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huré
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abella
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tinahones
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vendrell
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dubus
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: C Ronald
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Lluis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fajas
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D056743:Cyclin D3 / Q000502:physiology; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C534696:CCND3 protein, human; D056743:Cyclin D3; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; C493754:E2f1 protein, mouse; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; C526298:Irs2 protein, mouse; C495902:Cdk4 protein, mouse; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4