title: Prognostic value of PET/CT with (18)F-fluoroazomycin arabinoside for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas receiving chemoradiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prognostic value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with (18)F-fluoroazomycin arabinoside (FAZA) was evaluated in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who underwent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine patients with head and neck cancer underwent FAZA PET/CT before treatment. Data acquisition started 2 h after FAZA administration. In 26 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, FAZA uptakes by the primary lesions (tumor-muscle ratio in primary lesion: Pr T/M) and by the lymph node metastases (tumor-muscle ratio in lymph node metastasis) were compared with various clinical parameters. For the HNSCC patients who completed CRT protocol (n = 23), those who experienced disease progression were compared with those who did not experience disease progression with respect to the clinical and PET parameters. The prognostic values of the clinical and PET parameters were then evaluated with regard to progression-free survival (PFS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pr T/M positively correlated with the lesion's maximum diameter, and it was significantly higher in stage IV lesions compared with stage I-III lesions. No significant differences were observed between the patients who experienced disease progression and those who did not, with respect to the clinical parameters. The average Pr T/M tended to be higher in patients with disease progression, although the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.086). Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank tests indicated that Pr T/M was an only significant predictor of PFS among PET and clinical parameters evaluated (p = 0.010).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FAZA uptake by the primary lesion was a significant prognostic indicator in HNSCC patients undergoing CRT. Hence, FAZA PET/CT may provide useful information in the management of HNSCC patients treated with CRT. Registration number of clinical trial's registry: UMIN000003440.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan. saga@nirs.go.jp.
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saga
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inubushi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyosan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Ming-Rong
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Rintaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujibayashi
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
chemical_list: D009593:Nitroimidazoles; C498052:fluoroazomycin arabinoside
keywords: 18F-fluoroazomycin arabinoside (FAZA); Chemoradiotherapy; Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT); Prognosis