title: A combined proteomics and metabolomics approach to assess the effects of gold nanoparticles in vitro.
abstract: Omics technologies, such as proteomics or metabolomics, have to date been applied in the field of nanomaterial safety assessment to a limited extent. To address this dearth, we developed an integrated approach combining the two techniques to study the effects of two sizes, 5 and 30 nm, of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in Caco-2 cells. We observed differences in cells exposed for 72 h to each size of AuNPs: 61 responsive (up/down-regulated) proteins were identified and 35 metabolites in the cell extract were tentatively annotated. Several altered biological pathways were highlighted by integrating the obtained multi-omics data with bioinformatic tools. This provided a unique set of molecular information on the effects of nanomaterials at cellular level. This information was supported by complementary data obtained by immunochemistry, microscopic analysis, and multiplexed assays. A part from increasing our knowledge on how the cellular processes and pathways are affected by nanomaterials (NMs), these findings could be used to identify specific biomarkers of toxicity or to support the safe-by-design concept in the development of new nanomedicines.
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gioria
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lobo Vicente
authors.affiliation: b IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro , Genova , Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barboro
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: La Spina
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomasi
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Urbán
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kinsner-Ovaskainen
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Rossi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: François
authors.affiliation: a European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection , Ispra , Italy and.
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chassaigne
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006046:Gold
keywords: Liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS); omics data treatment; systems biology analysis; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE)