title: Towards the standardisation of lung sound nomenclature.
abstract: Auscultation of the lung remains an essential part of physical examination even though its limitations, particularly with regard to communicating subjective findings, are well recognised. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) Task Force on Respiratory Sounds was established to build a reference collection of audiovisual recordings of lung sounds that should aid in the standardisation of nomenclature. Five centres contributed recordings from paediatric and adult subjects. Based on pre-defined quality criteria, 20 of these recordings were selected to form the initial reference collection. All recordings were assessed by six observers and their agreement on classification, using currently recommended nomenclature, was noted for each case. Acoustical analysis was added as supplementary information. The audiovisual recordings and related data can be accessed online in the ERS e-learning resources. The Task Force also investigated the current nomenclature to describe lung sounds in 29 languages in 33 European countries. Recommendations for terminology in this report take into account the results from this survey.
authors.affiliation: Section of Respirology, Dept of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada pasterkamp@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pasterkamp
authors.affiliation: Princess Amalia Children's Center, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands Postgraduate School of Medicine, University Medical Centre and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Paul L P
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: School of Paediatrics, University of Western Australia, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Everard
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Respiratory and Allergy Units, Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain IMIB-Arrixaca Biohealth Research Institute, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garcia-Marcos
authors.affiliation: General Practice Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Hasse
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Melbye
authors.affiliation: Children's Respiratory and Allergy Unit, Third Dept of Paediatrics, "Attikon" Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Kostas N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Priftis
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D026683:Advisory Committees; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001314:Auscultation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult