title: Skin testing of gallic acid-based hair dye in paraphenylenediamine/paratoluenediamine-reactive patients.
abstract: Incidence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to para-phenylenediamine (PPD)/paratoluenediamine (PTD) hair dyes is increasing. Hair dyes utilizing gallic acid (GA) may be a safe alternative. However, pretesting is recommended. We investigated the contact sensitivity to ingredients of a dye product; GA, monoethanolamine thioglycolate (MT), l-cystein and ferrous sulfate, and an appropriate pretest method in 31 patients reactive to PPD and/or PTD. An open test was performed with the test dye following the patch test. Subsequently, a use test was performed twice, with a 4-week interval. One subject showed a positive reaction to ferrous sulfate in the patch test. Another subject reacted to the first compound alone in the open test. Thirteen subjects manifesting cutaneous lesions from previous regular hair dyeing, showed reactions at the first use of the test dye; and six had reactions with reduced severity at the second test. GA and MT are safe for use in ACD patients reactive to PPD and/or PTD. For predicting contact allergy to hair dyes, the open test appeared to be a better pretest method than the patch test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yunseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyok Bu
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: AmorePacific Corporation, R&D Unit, Yongin, South Korea.
authors.forename: Susun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University Graduate School of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ai-Young
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003545:Cysteine / Q000276:immunology; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology*; D003959:Diamines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000276:immunology; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006202:Hair Dyes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010328:Patch Tests; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D003959:Diamines; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D006202:Hair Dyes; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C020748:ferrous sulfate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D003545:Cysteine; C029728:4-phenylenediamine
keywords: allergic contact dermatitis; gallic acid; monoethanolamine thioglycolate; paraphenylenediamine; paratoluenediamine