title: Work Factors, Work-Family Conflict, the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Healthy Intentions: A Cross-Cultural Study.
abstract: The present study examined the roles of work factors (i.e. job demands and job resources), work-family conflicts and culture on predictors of healthy intentions (fruit and vegetable consumption, low-fat diet and physical activity) within the framework of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Employees from the United Kingdom (N = 278) and Malaysia (N = 325) participated in the study. Results indicated that higher job demands were significantly related to lower intentions to eat a low-fat diet. Women reported higher intentions to eat a low-fat diet than men did, while participants from the United Kingdom had lower intentions to engage in physical activity compared with those from Malaysia. The efficacy of TPB variables in explaining intentions was verified, with perceived behavioural control (i.e. self-efficacy), attitudes and descriptive norms combined with past behaviour predictive across the samples. The results also suggest the roles of culture and work interference with family variables in moderating TPB-intention relationships and confirm that TPB variables mediate the effects of job demands and job resources on intentions. Practically, to promote health, identifying strategies to reduce stress factors; specifying important cognitive factors affecting work factors and thus, healthy intentions; and acknowledging cultural-specific determinants of healthy intentions are recommended. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Counselling, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Madihah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shukri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004032:Diet; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D015444:Exercise; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008296:Malaysia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011582:Psychological Theory; D020377:Self Efficacy; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000208:ethnology
keywords: cross-cultural; healthy intentions; theory of planned behaviour (TPB); work factors; work-family conflict