title: Wellbeing and resilience: mechanisms of transmission of health and risk in parents with complex mental health problems and their offspring--The WARM Study.
abstract: The WARM study is a longitudinal cohort study following infants of mothers with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and control from pregnancy to infant 1 year of age.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Children of parents diagnosed with complex mental health problems including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression, are at increased risk of developing mental health problems compared to the general population. Little is known regarding the early developmental trajectories of infants who are at ultra-high risk and in particular the balance of risk and protective factors expressed in the quality of early caregiver-interaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We are establishing a cohort of pregnant women with a lifetime diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and a non-psychiatric control group. Factors in the parents, the infant and the social environment will be evaluated at 1, 4, 16 and 52 weeks in terms of evolution of very early indicators of developmental risk and resilience focusing on three possible environmental transmission mechanisms: stress, maternal caregiver representation, and caregiver-infant interaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study will provide data on very early risk developmental status and associated psychosocial risk factors, which will be important for developing targeted preventive interventions for infants of parents with severe mental disorder.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT02306551, date of registration November 12, 2014.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Susanne.Harder@psy.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harder
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark. Kirstine.Agnete.Davidsen@rsyd.dk.|University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Kirstine.Agnete.Davidsen@rsyd.dk.
authors.forename: Kirstine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Davidsen
authors.affiliation: School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. amacbeth@exseed.ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Angus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: MacBeth
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. thlan@sund.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Theis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. Helen.Minnis@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minnis
authors.affiliation: University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Marianne.Andersen1@rsyd.dk.
authors.forename: Marianne Skovsager
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry, Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.|Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. Jenna-Marie.Lundy@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Jenna-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lundy
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. maja.hansen@psy.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nyström-Hansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. christopher.trier@psy.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Christopher Høier
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Trier
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. katrine.rohder@psy.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Katrine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Røhder
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. Andrew.Gumley@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008603:Mental Health; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology