title: Effects of aerobic interval training on measures of anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients with ischaemic heart failure and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: A prospective non-randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the short- and long-term effects of aerobic interval training on quality of life and on symptoms of anxiety and depression among patients with ischaemic heart failure and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, non-randomized controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with ischaemic heart failure and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator, willing to undergo an aerobic interval training programme. A total of 31 patients were enrolled (19 were assigned to the aerobic interval training group and 12 to the control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  The aerobic interval training group performed a 12-week exercise training programme. All patients were evaluated with the Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline, after 12 weeks and at 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The aerobic interval training group showed significant improvements in several SF-36 subscores at 12 weeks. There was an unadjusted significant reduction in the HADS depression (HADS-D) score. At follow-up, results in the aero-bic interval training group moved towards baseline or remained stable, whereas in the control group HADS-D scores and some SF-36 subscores deteriorated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participation in a 12-week aerobic interval training programme resulted in significant improvements in several measures of quality of life and the unadjusted HADS-D score in patients with ischaemic heart failure with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. At follow-up there was significantly less sedentary activity in the aerobic interval training group, while psychometric measures were no longer significantly different from baseline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Stavanger University Hospital,. PO Box-box 8100, NO-4068 Stavanger, Norway. kjetil.isaksen@lyse.net, kjetil.x.isaksen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kjetil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isaksen
authors.forename: Peter Scott
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Munk
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giske
authors.forename: Alf Inge
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires