title: Effect of lipopolysaccharide on the hemocyte apoptosis of Eriocheir sinensis.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the possible toxicity mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from Gram-negative bacteria in Eriocheir sinensis hemocytes. Apoptotic hemocytes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by the LPS were monitored by the combination of ﬂow cytometry and microscope observation. It was shown that LPS induced serious damage on the DNA and morphological changes in hemocytes, including cell shrinkage, fracture of nucleus membrane, margination, condensation and fragmentation of chromatin, and formation of apoptotic bodies indicating obvious hemocyte apoptosis. As compared with the control group, the apoptotic cell ratio increased to 30.61% and 39.01% after 1-h exposure and 57.72% and 75.01% after 2-h exposure to 1 and 10 μg/ml LPS, respectively (P<0.05). Significant outburst of ROS production was observed in LPS-treated hemocytes with approximately 176.6% of relative dichlorofluorescein mean fluorescence at 1-h exposure, followed by a drastic decline (P<0.05). These results indicated that LPS would induce oxidative stress on hemocytes from E. sinensis and cause ROS burst, DNA damage, and subsequently apoptosis. The process of ROS-mediated apoptosis might be one of the potential toxicity mechanisms of LPS on crustacean hemocytes.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hai-sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Sun-jian
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jie-hao
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Bin-jie
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yi-qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yu-yin
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D003386:Brachyura / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D004249:DNA Damage; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Apoptosis; Eriocheir sinensis; Hemocyte; Lipopolysaccharide; Reactive oxygen species