title: Design, characterization and in vitro evaluation of a novel thiolated polymer: preactivated carboxymethyl cellulose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To design a novel preactived carboxymethyl cellulose derivative.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was chemically modified by amide bond formation between primary amino group of cysteine (CYS) and carboxylic moiety of CMC mediated by carbodiimide. Second, obtained CMCCYS was preactivated with 2,2'-dithiodinicotinic acid. Designed CMC-S-S-MNA was characterized by FT-IR. Furthermore, cytotoxicity was conducted on Caco-2 cell line. Swelling behavior, erosion and release of novel CMC-S-S-MNA were performed compared with thiolated and unmodified cellulose, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CMC-S-S-MNA showed no harmful effect on cells. CMC-S-S-MNA exhibited 2.13-fold higher stability in comparison to unmodified cellulose. Furthermore, preactivated carboxymethyl cellulose-cysteine revealed 1.9-fold controlled released compared with respective unmodified carboxymethyl cellulose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Novel preactivated carboxymethyl cellulose represents a versatile excipient for drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laffleur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Kesinee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Netsomboon
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005079:Excipients; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D011108:Polymers; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: carboxymethyl cellulose; preactivated carboxymethyl cellulose; resazurin; swelling; thiomer