title: Retrobulbar blood flow and visual organ function disturbance in the course of giant cell arteritis coexisting with optic disc drusen - a case report.
abstract: The review presented ophthalmologic syndrome connected with visual organ function disorder in giant cell arteritis patient concomitant with optic nerve disc drusen. Diagnostic difficulties were shown in relation to incidence of both similar ophthalmic symptoms as well as interpretation of specialists examinations results (pattern visual evoked potential test, scanning laser polarimetry, and perimetric tests - kinetic and static). Apart from ophthalmic investigations, significant role of radiological examinations was considered, especially color Doppler ultrasonography of retrobulbar circulation - optic artery, central retinal artery, long posterior ciliary arteries. Adequate interpretation of results seems to be crucial to establish scheme and timing of treatment in case of co-occurrence of the abovementioned disorders. In the presented case early implementation of steroid therapy resulted in improvement of blood flow parameters and the regression of ophthalmological complaints. Visual field deficiency in kinetic perimetry, reduced wave amplitude p100 in visual evoked potential test as well as decrease in number of optic nerve fibers in optic nerve disc region in scanning laser polarimetry exam can be diagnostic features in diagnosis of visual impairment in the course of giant cell arteritis and optic nerve disc drusen. Evaluation of blood flow velocity parameters in retrobulbar arteries in color Doppler ultrasonography is the most valuable screening in monitoring ophthalmic dysregulation in presented disorders.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Okulistyki, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Szczecin, Polska.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modrzejewska
authors.affiliation: Klinika Okulistyki, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Szczecin, Polska.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Post
authors.affiliation: Klinika Reumatologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie, Szczecin, Polska.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milchert
keywords: color Doppler ultrasonography; diagnostics; giant cell arteritis; optic nerve disc drusen; retrobulbar circulation