title: Role of T-cells in myocardial infarction.
abstract: Innate immunity has been studied for several decades in the context of ischaemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial remodelling, and healing. In the last years, a number of experimental and clinical studies focused on adaptive immunity in these processes. Meanwhile, there is considerable evidence especially on the role of CD4(+) T-cells in myocardial injury and healing, whereas their role in remodelling is less clear. Innate leukocytes are able to recognize a wide array of self and foreign molecular patterns, whereas the activation of adaptive immunity requires the highly specific cooperation of antigen-presenting cells and distinct antigen-specific receptors on lymphocytes. Relevant autoantigens have not yet been definitely identified but experimental evidence indicates that autoantigen recognition is necessary for T-cell activation after myocardial infarction. Non-antigen-specific modes of activation might also play a role especially during acute ischaemia and reperfusion of the myocardium. This review summarizes the current evidence from experimental studies and presents side-by-side recent clinical data on the role of T cells in the pathophysiology of myocardial reperfusion injury and post myocardial infarction healing.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Straubmühlweg 2a, Würzburg 97078, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany stefan.frantz@uk-halle.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frantz
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000502:physiology*; D000241:Adenosine / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000276:immunology*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000241:Adenosine
keywords: Adaptive immunity; Atherosclerosis; Innate immunity; Lymphocyte; Myocardial infarction