title: Nurse Research Experiences and Attitudes Toward the Conduct of Intensive Care Research: A Questionnaire Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize ICU nurses' research experience, work environments, and attitudes toward clinical research in critically ill adults and children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight (seven adult and one pediatric) academic ICUs affiliated with the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred eighty-two ICU nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rate was 56%. Most participants had over 6 years of ICU experience (61%) and held a baccalaureate nursing degree (57%). Most participants (63%) had provided care for patients receiving research study procedures more than five times in the past 12 months and agreed that research leads to improved care for the critically ill (78%) and eligible patients should be approached for research participation (78%). Few perceived practicalities of nursing care are considered in study design (20%); 41% agreed that research studies increases nursing workload. Few participants reported receiving adequate information about study progress (24%) or findings (26%). Principal factor analysis identified three factors each in the environmental and attitudinal domains. Linear regression models demonstrated that positive relationships between researchers and clinicians were associated with favorable perceptions of research impact on nursing care (p < 0.001), ICU research acceptability (p < 0.001), and nursing engagement in research (p < 0.05). Nurses with more formal education reported more favorable attitudes toward nursing engagement in research (p < 0.01) and research acceptability (p < 0.01). Lack of experience in study protocol development and/or data analysis was associated with less favorable attitudes about nursing engagement in research (p < 0.01) and impact of research on nursing care (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these research-intensive ICUs, nurses frequently care for research participants and believe ICU research is important. Inclusion of nurses in study protocol development, improved communication of study progress and findings, and investigation of research-related nursing workload are warranted. Such interventions will support intervention fidelity and data reliability during study conduct and translation of evidence into practice on study completion.
authors.affiliation: 1Critical Care Department, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.2Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.3Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.5Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.6Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.7Provincial Centre of Weaning Excellence, Toronto East General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.8Institute of Clinical Evaluate Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.9Long Term Ventilation Centre of Excellence, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto. ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Orla M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.forename: Sangeeta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Ruxandra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D064648:Critical Care Nursing; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D015399:Nursing Research; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires