title: [Key role played by the gut associated lymphoid tissue during human immunodeficiency virus infection].
abstract: The gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is the site of numerous immunological disturbances during HIV-1 infection. It constitutes the largest reservoir for HIV, not or very poorly susceptible to antiretroviral therapy (ART), making it a major obstacle to HIV cure. Moreover, the GALT is involved in systemic immune activation in HIV-infected individuals: intestinal damage due to viral replication and severe CD4(+) T cell depletion in the GALT leads to microbial translocation, a key driver of immune activation, and in turn, disease progression. In this review, we describe the role of the GALT in HIV infection and we discuss therapeutic options to decrease the intestinal viral reservoir and to preserve immune function in the gut of HIV-infected people. Achieving these goals is necessary for a long-term infection control after the interruption of ART.
authors.affiliation: GIMAP/EA3064, Inserm CIC 1408 vaccinologie, université de Saint-Étienne, COMUE de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France - Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne Cedex 02, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vergnon-Miszczycha
authors.affiliation: GIMAP/EA3064, Inserm CIC 1408 vaccinologie, université de Saint-Étienne, COMUE de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France - Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne Cedex 02, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lucht
authors.affiliation: GIMAP/EA3064, Inserm CIC 1408 vaccinologie, université de Saint-Étienne, COMUE de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France - Service de gastro-entérologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne Cedex 02, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Roblin
authors.affiliation: GIMAP/EA3064, Inserm CIC 1408 vaccinologie, université de Saint-Étienne, COMUE de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France - Laboratoire des agents infectieux et d'hygiène, CHU de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne Cedex 02, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pozzetto
authors.affiliation: GIMAP/EA3064, Inserm CIC 1408 vaccinologie, université de Saint-Étienne, COMUE de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France - Laboratoire d'immunologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne Cedex 02, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: GIMAP/EA3064, Inserm CIC 1408 vaccinologie, université de Saint-Étienne, COMUE de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France - Laboratoire des agents infectieux et d'hygiène, CHU de Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne Cedex 02, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bourlet
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents