title: Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis In A Young Child With Histological Evidence On Brain Biopsy Of Coexistent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection.
abstract: We report a 3-year-old boy with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis with a typical syndrome of movement disorder and encephalopathy and evidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 infection on brain biopsy. HSV type 1 infection and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis are temporally linked in some cases: this case suggests that prodromal HSV type-1 infection may be clinically subtle and easily missed.
authors.affiliation: From the *Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool; †Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust; ‡The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom; §Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital; and ¶Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ellul
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Shivaram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Avula
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Defres
authors.forename: Atik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baborie
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Natalie G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadarangani
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kneen
mesh_terms: D060426:Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001706:Biopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001323:Autoantibodies; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents