title: New Zealand Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines for the Management of Refractory Ulcerative Colitis.
abstract: The management of patients with ulcerative colitis who are dependent on corticosteroid for control of symptoms, or refractory to corticosteroids or standard immunosuppressive therapy, is challenging. The development of newer medical therapies has increased the options for managing patients in this situation, but access and funding remain limited. This guideline summarises the literature regarding this situation and provides guidance as to the management of refractory colitis in the New Zealand setting.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eliadou
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Mark W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Thompson-Fawcett
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gearry
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rowbotham
authors.forename: Russel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walmsley
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.affiliation: Hutt Valley DHB IBD Service, Private Bag 31907, Lower Hutt 5040 and Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, on behalf of IBDNZ. stephen.inns@otago.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Inns
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001062:Appendectomy; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000628:therapy*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007937:Leukapheresis; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009520:New Zealand; D010372:Pediatrics; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016737:Proctocolectomy, Restorative; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010880:Piperidines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011758:Pyrroles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019804:Mesalamine; D016572:Cyclosporine; C479163:tofacitinib; C529000:golimumab; C543529:vedolizumab; D000069285:Infliximab; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D000068879:Adalimumab; D001379:Azathioprine; D016559:Tacrolimus; D008727:Methotrexate