title: A novel voltammetric sensor based on carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles of antimony tin oxide for the determination of ractopamine.
abstract: An electrochemical sensor was prepared by the modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanoparticles of antimony tin oxide (ATO). The surface layer was characterized by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction method (EDX) and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. The proposed electrode was assessed in respect to the electro-oxidation of ractopamine. Compared with a bare GCE and a GCE electrode modified with CNTs, the ATONPs/CNTs/GCE exhibited a great catalytic activity towards the oxidation of ractopamine with a well-defined anodic peak at 600 mV. The current response was linear with the concentration of ractopamine over the range from 10 to 240 nM with a detection limit of 3.3 nM. The proposed electrode enabled the selective determination of ractopamine in the presence of high concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The proposed electrode was successfully applied for the determination of ractopamine in feed and urine samples. The sensitive and selective determination of ractopamine makes the developed method of great interest for monitoring its therapeutic use and doping control purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Harran, Sanliurfa 63510, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul Kutluay
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Baytak
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Harran, Sanliurfa 63510, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tugce
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teker
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Harran, Sanliurfa 63510, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sehriban
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duzmen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Harran, Sanliurfa 63510, Turkey. Electronic address: maslanoglu@harran.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aslanoglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000965:Antimony / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000032:analysis*; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D010627:Phenethylamines; D017971:Tin Compounds; C060897:ractopamine; D000965:Antimony; C045358:stannic oxide
keywords: Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles; Carbon nanotubes; Composite electrode; Ractopamine