title: Graphene Based Surface Plasmon Polariton Modulator Controlled by Ferroelectric Domains in Lithium Niobate.
abstract: We proposed a ferroelectric domain controlled graphene based surface plasmon polariton modulator. Ferroelectricity-induced electronic and optical property tuning of graphene by domain in lithium niobate was theoretically investigated considering both interband and intraband contributions of surface conductivity. With the corrected Sellmeier equation of lithium niobate, the propagation of transverse magnetic mode surface plasmon polaritons in an air/graphene/lithium niobate structure was studied when monolayer graphene was tuned by down polarization direction ferroelectric domain with different polarization levels. The length of the ferroelectric domain was optimized to be 90 nm for a wavelength of 5.0 μm with signal extinction per unit 14.7 dB/μm, modulation depth 474.1 dB/μm and figure of merit 32.5. This work may promote the study of highly efficient modulators and other ultra-compact nonvolatile electronic and photonic devices in which two-dimensional materials and ferroelectric materials are combined.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Optics, Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.|Key Laboratory of Micro-Optics and Photonics Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Optics, Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.|Key Laboratory of Micro-Optics and Photonics Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Optics, Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Guangwei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Optics, Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.|Key Laboratory of Micro-Optics and Photonics Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Siren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Optics, Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Optics, Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.|Key Laboratory of Micro-Optics and Photonics Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang