title: FPGA Implementation of Heart Rate Monitoring System.
abstract: This paper describes a field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of a system that calculates the heart rate from Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. After heart rate calculation, tachycardia, bradycardia or normal heart rate can easily be detected. ECG is a diagnosis tool routinely used to access the electrical activities and muscular function of the heart. Heart rate is calculated by detecting the R peaks from the ECG signal. To provide a portable and the continuous heart rate monitoring system for patients using ECG, needs a dedicated hardware. FPGA provides easy testability, allows faster implementation and verification option for implementing a new design. We have proposed a five-stage based methodology by using basic VHDL blocks like addition, multiplication and data conversion (real to the fixed point and vice-versa). Our proposed heart rate calculation (R-peak detection) method has been validated, using 48 first channel ECG records of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. It shows an accuracy of 99.84%, the sensitivity of 99.94% and the positive predictive value of 99.89%. Our proposed method outperforms other well-known methods in case of pathological ECG signals and successfully implemented in FPGA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Odisha, India. damo.3093@gmail.com.
authors.forename: D
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1393-4382
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Panigrahy
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Odisha, India. rakshitmanas09@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rakshit
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Odisha, India. pksahu@nitrkl.ac.in.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sahu
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Electrocardiogram (ECG); Field programmable gate array (FPGA); MIT-BIH database; R peak; Shannon energy