title: Analysis of bacterial diversity and efficiency of continuous removal of Victoria Blue R from wastewater by using packed-bed bioreactor.
abstract: The characteristics of a packed-bed bioreactor (PBB) for continuously removing Victoria Blue R (VBR) from an aqueous solution were determined. The effects of various factors including liquid retention time (RT), VBR concentration, shock loading, and coexisting compounds on the VBR removal and bacterial community in a continuous system were investigated. The intermediates of degraded VBR and the acute toxicity of the effluent from PBB were analyzed. When the VBR concentration was lower than 400 mg/l for a two-day retention time (RT), 100% removal was achieved. During continuous operation, the efficiency initially varied with the VBR concentration and RT, but gradually increased in one to two days. Furthermore, the acute toxicity of the effluent reduced by a factor of 21.25-49.61, indicating that the PBB can be successfully operated under turbulent environmental conditions. VBR degradation involved stepwise demethylation and yielded partially dealkylated VBR species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the dominant phylum in the PBB was Proteobacteria and that Aeromonas hydrophila dominated during the entire operating period. The characteristics of the identified species showed that the PBB is suitable for processes such as demethylation, aromatic ring opening, carbon oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tourism and Leisure, Hsing Wu University, Taipei, 244, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals Engineering, Xiamen Medical College, China.
authors.forename: Guey-Horng
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Hung
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. Electronic address: ycchung@cc.cust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ying-Chien
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D058440:Denitrification; D058465:Nitrification; D010802:Phylogeny; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon; D004396:Coloring Agents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C034752:Basic Blue K
keywords: Biodegradation; Dealkylation; Packed bed bioreactor; Victoria Blue R