title: Visceral fat increase and signals of inflammation in adipose tissue after administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mice.
abstract: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) are present in several daily use products, and the risks associated with their bioaccumulation must be stablished. Thus, an evaluation of several toxicological-related effects was conducted after intraperitoneal injection of TiO2NPs in mice. Mice were divided into two groups, which received 2 mg kg-1day-1of TiO2NPs or vehicle saline. Assessments of body and organ weight as well as biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analyses were performed in order to evaluate adverse effects. The results showed that treatment resulted in an increased visceral and abdominal fat deposition, as well as a mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates in the abdominal fat tissue. The TiO2NPs induced significant decrease in the weight gain and splenomegaly. Additionally, TiO2NP-treated mice showed altered hematological parameters and significant liver injuries, which were characterized by histopathological and biochemical changes. Our results also indicated that TiO2NPs were absorbed and significantly accumulated in the spleen, liver, and kidney. These results showed the ability of TiO2NPs to infiltrate different organs and to induce inflammation and liver and spleen damage with visceral fat accumulation. The data obtained are useful for the governmental authorities to legislate and implement regulations concerning the use and the production of this kind of material that might be hazardous to the living beings, as well as to the environment.
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Adny H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: 2 Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Videira, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Claudriana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.affiliation: 3 Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ubirajara Pr
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: 4 Instituto de Química de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Bruna F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rui M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Júnior
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jefferson S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: de Gois
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Daniel Lg
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Tânia B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Creczynski-Pasa
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051379:Mice; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Nanotoxicology; in vivo; inflammation; titanium accumulation; toxicity