title: GLUT, SGLT, and SWEET: Structural and mechanistic investigations of the glucose transporters.
abstract: Glucose is the primary fuel to life on earth. Cellular uptake of glucose is a fundamental process for metabolism, growth, and homeostasis. Three families of secondary glucose transporters have been identified in human, including the major facilitator superfamily glucose facilitators GLUTs, the sodium-driven glucose symporters SGLTs, and the recently identified SWEETs. Structures of representative members or their prokaryotic homologs of all three families were obtained. This review focuses on the recent advances in the structural elucidation of the glucose transporters and the mechanistic insights derived from these structures, including the molecular basis for substrate recognition, alternating access, and stoichiometric coupling of co-transport.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bio-Membrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bio-Membrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
authors.forename: Nieng
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D051247:Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D051247:Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins; D005947:Glucose
keywords: GLUT; SGLT; SWEET; alternating access; glucose transporter; structural biology