title: Factors Associated with Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Children and Preadolescents: A Cross-sectional Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the factors associated with the perceptions of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children and preadolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  167 students aged 8-14 years were recruited from the public schools of Piracicaba, Brazil. Participants were examined for caries, gingivitis, fluorosis, malocclusions and signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). OHRQoL was measured using the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ 8-10 and 11-14), where higher scores indicate worse OHRQoL. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated using self-applied questionnaires. Sociodemographic characteristics, dental history and oral hygiene habits were evaluated using a questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the variables associated with CPQ scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher CPQ 8-10 scores were associated with fluorosis, TMD and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Higher CPQ 11-14 scores were associated with females, TMD and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Younger children (OR=0.32, p<0.05) with signs and symptoms of TMD (OR=4.38, p<0.01) and anxiety (OR=4.97, p<0.001) were more likely to present higher CPQ 8-10 scores. Poor OHRQoL was associated with TMD (OR=4.29, p<0.01) and depressive symptoms (OR=4.50, p<0.001) in preadolescents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data indicate that experience of oral diseases and disorders as well as psychological phenomena, such as anxiety and depression, influenced oral health outcomes in this group of children and preadolescents.
authors.forename: Taís
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: de Souza Barbosa
authors.forename: Maria Beatriz Duarte
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gavião
authors.forename: Paula Midori
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Castelo
authors.forename: Marina Severi
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Leme
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003729:Dental Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000523:psychology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000523:psychology; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education; D009909:Oral Health; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000523:psychology