title: Dimensions of adult attachment are significantly associated with specific affective temperament constellations in a Hungarian university sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Related to emotion regulation and mental health, adult attachment and affective temperaments are relevant research topics of contemporary psychiatry and clinical psychology. However, to date, only one study investigated the relationship between these two constructs. Thus, we aimed to further reveal adult attachment's association with affective temperaments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Affective temperament and adult attachment dimensions of 1469 Hungarian university students were assessed with self-report measures (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego autoquestionnaire and Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, respectively). Age and measured variables were compared between genders with ANOVAs. Associations between attachment dimensions and affective temperaments were examined with Pearson's correlations and partial correlations; the moderation effect of age and gender on these relationships was tested with PROCESS macro. Using Fisher r-to-z transformation, we also compared our results with the findings of the previous study. Cohen's ds were used to report effect size and Cronbach's alphas were computed as indices of internal reliability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant correlations were found between attachment dimensions and affective temperaments. Correlations were especially robust between attachment anxiety and depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperaments. Contrasted with the results of the previous study, hyperthymic temperament was negatively related to attachment avoidance and anxious temperament was significantly more strongly correlated with attachment anxiety in our study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We used a previous version of the adult attachment measure. Our sample differed from the target sample in several ways. Participants were not screened for mental disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings highlight that adult attachment dimensions are significantly associated with affective temperaments.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, University of Pecs, Ifjusag str. 6., H-7624 Pecs, Hungary. Electronic address: andraslang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Doctoral School of Psychology, University of Pecs, Ifjusag str. 6., H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Theoretical Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Kutvolgyi str. 4., H-1125 Budapest, Hungary; National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Laboratory for Suicide Research and Prevention, Lehel str. 59, H-1135 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Nagyvarad sq. 4., H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Xenia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gonda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Theoretical Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Kutvolgyi str. 4., H-1125 Budapest, Hungary; National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Laboratory for Suicide Research and Prevention, Lehel str. 59, H-1135 Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dome
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Theoretical Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Kutvolgyi str. 4., H-1125 Budapest, Hungary; National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Laboratory for Suicide Research and Prevention, Lehel str. 59, H-1135 Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rihmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012494:Sampling Studies; D057566:Self Report; D013694:Temperament; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adult attachment; Affective temperaments; ECR; TEMPS-A