title: Dietary rosemary oil alleviates heat stress-induced structural and functional damage through lipid peroxidation in the testes of growing Japanese quail.
abstract: Supplementation of natural antioxidants to diets of male poultry has been reported to be effective in reducing or completely eliminating heat stress (HS)-induced reproductive failures. In this study, the aim is to investigate whether rosemary oil (RO) has a protective effect on HS-induced damage in spermatozoa production, testicular histologic structures, apoptosis, and androgenic receptor (AR) through lipid peroxidation mechanisms in growing Japanese quail. Male chicks (n=90) at 15-days of age were assigned to two groups. The first group (n=45) was kept in a thermo-neutral (TN) room at 22°C for 24h/d. The second group (n=45) was kept in a room with a greater ambient temperature of 34°C for 8h/d (from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM) and 22°C for 16h/d. Animals in each of these two groups were randomly assigned to three subgroups (RO groups: 0, 125, 250ppm), consisting of 15 chicks (six treatment groups in 2×3 factorial design). Each of subgroups was replicated three times with each replicate including five chicks. The HS treatment significantly reduced the testicular spermatogenic cell counts, amount of testicular Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic marker) and amount of AR. In addition, it significantly increased testicular lipid peroxidation, Bax (apoptotic marker) immunopositive staining, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in conjunction with some histopathologic damage. Dietary supplementation of RO to diets of quail where the HS treatment was imposed alleviated HS-induced almost all negative changes such as increased testicular lipid peroxidation, decreased numbers of spermatogenic cells, and decreased amounts of Bcl-2 and AR, increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and some testicular histopathologic lesion. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of RO for growing male Japanese quail reared in HS environmental conditions alleviates the HS-induced structural and functional damage by providing a decrease in lipid peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey. Electronic address: gturk@firat.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Gaffari
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Türk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Çeribaşı
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Ülkü G
authors.initials: ÜG
authors.lastname: Şimşek
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Songül
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Çeribaşı
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Güvenç
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Şeyma
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Özer Kaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çiftçi
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sönmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdurrauf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yüce
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bayrakdar
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaman
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Control Institute, Elazığ Turkey.
authors.forename: Fadime
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tonbak
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011784:Quail; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009822:Oils, Volatile; C053775:rosemary oil
keywords: Heat stress; Quail; Rosemary oil; Spermatogenic cell; Testis