title: Effect of dietary inclusion of toasted guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) meal as a source of protein on performance of White Leghorn layers.
abstract: Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of including toasted (120°C/35 min) guar meal (GM, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) in the diet on performance and egg shell quality of White Leghorn (WL) layers. Totals of 2376 and 2816 layer chickens (Babcock, BV 300) were randomly distributed into 27 and 32 replicates with 88 birds each in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Three diets in Experiment 1 (0, 50 and 100 g GM) and 4 diets in Experiment 2 (0, 50, 100 and 150 g GM/kg) were prepared having similar concentrations of energy and protein. Each diet was fed ad libitum to 9 and 8 replicates, respectively, in Experiments 1 (from 53 to 68 weeks) and 2 (35 to 46 weeks of age). Compared to soya bean meal (SBM) GM contained similar concentrations of protein, but was deficient in all essential amino acids except arginine, which was 70% higher than in SBM. Total non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content in GM (166 g/kg) was lower than that of SBM (179 g/kg). Amongst different NSP fractions, GM contained higher levels of arabans, xylans, mannans and glucans compared to SBM. The galactomannan gum content in GM was 46 g/kg. Egg production (EP), body weight (BW), food intake (FI), food efficiency (FE) and egg quality (shell weight, shell per cent, shell thickness, Haugh unit score, egg density and egg breaking strength) parameters were not affected by incorporating GM up to 100 g/kg diet in Experiment 1. However, egg weight (EW) and egg mass (EM) were reduced significantly in groups fed on 100 g/kg diet. In Experiment 2, EP and FE were not affected by incorporating GM up to 100 g/kg, but were reduced at 150 g/kg diet. FI, EW, BW and egg quality parameters were not affected by incorporating toasted GM up to 150 g/kg diet. Based on the results of both experiments, it is concluded that toasted GM can be included in WL layer diets up to 100 g/kg without affecting EP, FE, EW, EM, Haugh unit score, BW and egg shell quality parameters.
authors.affiliation: a ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: S V Rama
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: a ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: M V L N
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.affiliation: a ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: a ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: E Pradeep Kumar
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: a ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Panda
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D031293:Cyamopsis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins