title: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced neoplasia in the urinary bladder: a missing link?
abstract: The discovery that the role human papillomavirus (HPV) plays in the induction of human cancer represents an important achievement in oncologic research. It has taken on even greater importance since the development of vaccines, which promise the hope of preventing these cancers from ever occurring. Because of these important implications, many have attempted to determine a possible role for the virus in cancers of the urinary bladder-an organ in close anatomic proximity to the primary sites of HPV-induced neoplasia and one which already has an established oncogenic infectious agent in Schistosoma haematobium. Here we review the current literature exploring this possible role in the most common subtype of cancer of the urinary bladder, urothelial carcinoma, and two much more rare histologic subtypes that have well established roles for HPV-induced neoplasia in other anatomic sites-squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Riley E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.affiliation: Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Lisha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cordoba, Spain and Champalimaud Clinical Center, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Beltran
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Emerson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Instituto Nacional de Câncer and Hospital do Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Hristos Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Kaimakliotis
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Michael O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA liang_cheng@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000821:virology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000821:virology; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*