title: Baccharis dracunculifolia-based mouthrinse alters the exopolysaccharide structure in cariogenic biofilms.
abstract: Baccharis dracunculifolia is a native plant from Brazil with antimicrobial activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a B. dracunculifolia-based mouthrinse (Bd) changes the structure of insoluble exopolysaccharides (IEPS) in Streptococcus mutans UA159 cariogenic biofilm. Biofilms were grown on glass slides and treated with Bd, its vehicle (VC), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), or saline solution (NaCl). Among the treatments, only CHX significantly reduced the biofilm biomass and bacterial viability (p<0.05). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed that IEPS from the four biofilm samples were α- glucans containing different proportions of (1→6) and (1→3) glycosidic linkages. The structural differences among the four IEPS were compared by principal component analysis (PCA). PCA analysis indicated that IEPS from VC- and NaCl-treated biofilms were structurally similar to each other. Compared with the control, IEPS from Bd- and CHX-treated biofilms were structurally different and had distinct chemical profiles. In summary, the fact that Bd changed the IEPS chemical composition indicates that this mouthrinse may affect the cariogenic properties of the S. mutans biofilm formed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Aires
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19046, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil. Electronic address: sassaki@ufpr.br.
authors.forename: Guilherme L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Sassaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, P.O. Box 19046, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arquimedes P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Santana-Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Augusto C C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Spadaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP 13414-903, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D031175:Baccharis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009005:Monosaccharides; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial
keywords: Baccharis dracunculifolia; Biofilm; Exopolysaccharide; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Principal component analysis; Streptococcus mutans