title: Recurrent DNA virus domestication leading to different parasite virulence strategies.
abstract: Relics of ancient infections are abundant in eukaryote genomes, but little is known about how they evolve when they confer a functional benefit on their host. We show here, for the first time, that the virus-like particles shown to protect Venturia canescens eggs against host immunity are derived from a nudivirus genome incorporated by the parasitic wasp into its own genetic material. Nudivirus hijacking was also at the origin of protective particles from braconid wasps. However, we show here that the viral genes produce "liposomes" that wrap and deliver V. canescens virulence proteins, whereas the particles are used as gene transfer agents in braconid wasps. Our findings indicate that virus domestication has occurred repeatedly during parasitic wasp evolution but with different evolutionary trajectories after endogenization, resulting in different virulence molecule delivery strategies.
authors.affiliation: Microorganism and Insect Diversity, Genomes, and Interactions (DGIMI) Laboratory, UMR 1333 INRA, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC101, Montpellier Cedex 34095, France.
authors.forename: Apolline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pichon
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261, CNRS-Université François Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours 37200, France.
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bézier
authors.affiliation: Functional Proteomics Platform, BioCampus Montpellier, UMS CNRS 3426, INSERM US009, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, UMR CNRS 5203, INSERM U661, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier 34094, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urbach
authors.affiliation: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, Evry 91057, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1718-3010
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Aury
authors.affiliation: Microorganism and Insect Diversity, Genomes, and Interactions (DGIMI) Laboratory, UMR 1333 INRA, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC101, Montpellier Cedex 34095, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8146-2367
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jouan
authors.affiliation: Microorganism and Insect Diversity, Genomes, and Interactions (DGIMI) Laboratory, UMR 1333 INRA, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC101, Montpellier Cedex 34095, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5782-8448
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ravallec
authors.affiliation: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, Evry 91057, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.affiliation: Microorganism and Insect Diversity, Genomes, and Interactions (DGIMI) Laboratory, UMR 1333 INRA, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC101, Montpellier Cedex 34095, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cousserans
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261, CNRS-Université François Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours 37200, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thézé
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261, CNRS-Université François Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours 37200, France.
authors.forename: Jérémy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.affiliation: Functional Proteomics Platform, BioCampus Montpellier, UMS CNRS 3426, INSERM US009, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, UMR CNRS 5203, INSERM U661, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier 34094, France.
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Demettre
authors.affiliation: Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), UMR INRA 1355, CNRS 7254, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 400 route des Chappes, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9723-4131
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmieder
authors.affiliation: PPF Analyse des systèmes biologiques, Université François Rabelais de Tours, 3 Boulevard Tonnellé, Tours 37000, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wurmser
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261, CNRS-Université François Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours 37200, France.
authors.forename: Vonick
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sibut
authors.affiliation: Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), UMR INRA 1355, CNRS 7254, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 400 route des Chappes, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France.
authors.forename: Marylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poirié
authors.affiliation: Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), UMR INRA 1355, CNRS 7254, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 400 route des Chappes, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colinet
authors.affiliation: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, Evry 91057, France.
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, Evry 91057, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Couloux
authors.affiliation: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Génomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, BP5706, Evry 91057, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8162-3343
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barbe
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261, CNRS-Université François Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours 37200, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Drezen
authors.affiliation: Microorganism and Insect Diversity, Genomes, and Interactions (DGIMI) Laboratory, UMR 1333 INRA, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC101, Montpellier Cedex 34095, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Nathalie
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Volkoff
keywords: Microbiology; genomes; virus domestication; wasps