title: Prevalence of Isolated Diastolic Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors among Different Ethnicity Groups in Xinjiang, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) among different ethnicity groups. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for IDH among the major ethnicity population i.e. Han, Uygur and Kazakh in Xinjiang, northwestern part of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 14,618 adult participants (7,799 males, 6,819 females) were recruited from the Cardiovascular Risk Survey conducted during 2007 and 2010. Blood pressure, body mass index and standard lipid profile and fasting glucose level from plasma were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of IDH was 10.8% in the Han, 4.5% in the Uygur and 8.7% in the Kazakh populations. When stratified by gender, IDH prevalence was 9.8% in men and 6.8% in women (P<0.001). The prevalence of IDH also varied significantly with age and it was highest in those aged 35-44 yrs old (9.7%) and lowest in those over 75 yrs old (4.1%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that overweight (OR = 1.179, 95%CI: 1.015-1.369) or obesity (OR = 1.202, 95%CI: 1.015-1.424), smoking (OR = 1.362, 95%CI: 1.156-1.604) and high total cholesterol (TC) hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.237, 95%CI: 1.074-1.423) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of IDH. Identified risk factors for IDH differed among ethnicity groups with male gender, young age (35-44 yrs old), more coffee or tea consumption and high TC hyperlipidemia in the Han; smoking and often coffee or tea consumption in the Uygur and male gender and overweight or obesity in the Kazakh populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IDH prevalence in the Han population is higher than that in the Uygur and Kazak populations in Xinjiang, northwestern part of China. Male gender, middle age, overweight or obesity, smoking and high TC hyperlipidemia appear to be relevant risk factors of IDH in adults. Different ethnicity background had different sets of risk factors for IDH.
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Dilare
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adi
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Yan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Bang-Dang
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Min-Tao
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Tong
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Xin Jiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Medical Research Institute of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.|Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xingjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol