title: White matter changes after stroke in type 2 diabetic rats measured by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: Diffusion-related magnetic resonance imaging parametric maps may be employed to characterize white matter of brain. We hypothesize that entropy of diffusion anisotropy may be most effective for detecting therapeutic effects of bone marrow stromal cell treatment of ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in adult male Wistar rats. These rats were then subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion, and received bone marrow stromal cell (5 × 106, n = 8) or an equal volume of saline (n = 8) via tail vein injection at three days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on day one and then weekly for five weeks post middle cerebral artery occlusion. The diffusion metrics complementarily permitted characterization of axons and axonal myelination. All six magnetic resonance imaging diffusion metrics, confirmed by histological measures, demonstrated that bone marrow stromal cell treatment significantly (p < 0.05) improved magnetic resonance imaging diffusion indices of white matter in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion compared with the saline-treated rats. Superior to the fractional anisotropy metric that provided measures related to organization of neuronal fiber bundles, the entropy metric can also identify microstructures and low-density axonal fibers of cerebral tissue after stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Guangliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Jieli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.|Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chopp
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.|Department of Neurology, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davoodi-Bojd
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Qingjiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Siamak Pn
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Davarani
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA QJIANG1@hfhs.org.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D066127:White Matter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: White matter; diabetes; diffusion; magnetic resonance imaging; stroke