title: Real-Time Control of a Video Game Using Eye Movements and Two Temporal EEG Sensors.
abstract: EEG-controlled gaming applications range widely from strictly medical to completely nonmedical applications. Games can provide not only entertainment but also strong motivation for practicing, thereby achieving better control with rehabilitation system. In this paper we present real-time control of video game with eye movements for asynchronous and noninvasive communication system using two temporal EEG sensors. We used wavelets to detect the instance of eye movement and time-series characteristics to distinguish between six classes of eye movement. A control interface was developed to test the proposed algorithm in real-time experiments with opened and closed eyes. Using visual feedback, a mean classification accuracy of 77.3% was obtained for control with six commands. And a mean classification accuracy of 80.2% was obtained using auditory feedback for control with five commands. The algorithm was then applied for controlling direction and speed of character movement in two-dimensional video game. Results showed that the proposed algorithm had an efficient response speed and timing with a bit rate of 30 bits/min, demonstrating its efficacy and robustness in real-time control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka 565-0871, Japan ; Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of Oran, 00031 Oran, Algeria.
authors.forename: Abdelkader Nasreddine
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3024-4167
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Belkacem
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Processing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Supat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saetia
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Processing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Kalanyu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zintus-art
authors.affiliation: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Duk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kambara
authors.affiliation: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsue
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Intelligent Systems Research Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of Oran, 00031 Oran, Algeria.
authors.forename: Nasreddine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Berrached
authors.affiliation: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan ; Solution Science Research Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D062207:Brain-Computer Interfaces; D003199:Computer Systems; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004585:Electrooculography; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D018910:Video Games / Q000523:psychology*; D058067:Wavelet Analysis; D055815:Young Adult