title: Psychological flexibility correlates with patient-reported outcomes independent of clinical or sociodemographic characteristics.
abstract: The evidence for the effectiveness of psychological interventions for cancer patients is currently unclear. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which increases individual's levels of psychological flexibility, may be more effective than other frameworks of psychological intervention, but good quality research is needed to inform adoption and implementation. This study explored the correlation between psychological flexibility and patient-reported outcomes to assess the viability of this intervention for cancer survivors.
  
  
  
  Recruitment was coordinated through a regional cancer centre. One hundred twenty-nine respondents completed a cross-sectional postal questionnaire. They were of mixed gender, diagnosis and cancer stage; a mean 61 years old; and a mean 207 days post-diagnosis. Self-report questionnaires assessed psychological flexibility, mood, anxiety, depression, stress, quality of life and benefit finding.
  
  
  
  Psychological flexibility was a strong and consistent correlate of outcome; effects were maintained even when potentially confounding clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were controlled.
  
  
  
  Psychological flexibility can be modified through ACT-based interventions. Given the strong correlational evidence found in this study, it seems that such interventions might be useful for cancer survivors. High-quality and well-designed controlled trials are now needed to establish effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Chester Research Unit for the Psychology of Health (CRUPH), Department of Psychology, University of Chester, Chester, UK. n.hulbertwilliams@chester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Hulbert-Williams
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Storey
mesh_terms: D064869:Acceptance and Commitment Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000071066:Patient Reported Outcome Measures; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors
keywords: Acceptance; Cancer; Distress; Intervention; Oncology; Quality of life