title: Angle-supported phakic intraocular lenses for the correction of myopia: Three-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate patient safety and refractive outcomes in eyes with an angle-supported phakic intraocular lens (pIOL), and to assess the correlation between rotation and corneal endothelial cell damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gimbel Eye Centres, Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included patients with moderate to high myopia (range -6.50 to -19.50 diopters [D]) who received the Acrysof Cachet pIOL. Outcome measures included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), endothelial cell density (ECD), and IOL rotation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study evaluated 119 eyes of 61 patients. The mean ECD decrease from preoperative measurements was 3.11% (n = 46), with a mean IOL rotation of 10.6 degrees (n = 35) at the 3-year postoperative visit. Of the 49 eyes at the 3-year visit measured for UDVA, 98.0% were 20/40 or better and 77.6% were 20/20 or better. The MRSE improved from a preoperative mean of -9.26 diopters (D) ± 2.43 (SD) (range -19.50 to -5.63 D) to -0.33 ± 0.61 D (range -3.12 to +0.71 D) at the 3-year visit. The residual refractive error was within ±0.50 D of the target refraction for 78.4% and within ±1.00 D for 92.2% of the 51 eyes. The study included one bilateral pIOL removal due to endothelial cell loss, one case of synechia, and one case of subtle pupil ovalization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No correlation between IOL rotation and ECD decrease was found (R(2) = 0.0143); the pIOL provided promising refractive outcomes and acceptable safety in patients with moderate to high myopia.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
authors.affiliation: From the Gimbel Eye Centre (Gimbel, Amritanand), Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Loma Linda University (Gimbel, Norton), Loma Linda, California, USA. Electronic address: hvgimbel@gimbel.com.
authors.forename: Howard V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Gimbel
authors.affiliation: From the Gimbel Eye Centre (Gimbel, Amritanand), Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Loma Linda University (Gimbel, Norton), Loma Linda, California, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.affiliation: From the Gimbel Eye Centre (Gimbel, Amritanand), Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Loma Linda University (Gimbel, Norton), Loma Linda, California, USA.
authors.forename: Anika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amritanand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000601:surgery*; D002452:Cell Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055954:Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D061214:Patient Safety; D054120:Phakic Intraocular Lenses; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult