title: Development of a mouse model for testing therapeutic agents: the anticancer effect of dienogest on endometrial neoplasms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the number of younger women with endometrial carcinoma has increased, fertility-sparing treatments have received more attention. Although there have been several reports on conservative treatments with progestins for endometrial carcinoma, only medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is available in Japan. Dienogest has been developed as a fourth-generation progestin for treating endometriosis. Because of its high progesterone activity, its antitumor activity has attracted attention. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of dienogest on endometrial neoplasms using mouse model of endometrial carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pten(loxP/loxP) mice were injected with MPA or dienogest subcutaneously to evaluate the anticancer effect against endometrial neoplasms that developed in the mice. One week after injections, histopathological analyzes were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endometrial neoplasms were found in one of the eight (12.5%) mice from each group treated with either dienogest or MPA. In contrast, they were found in seven of eight (87.5%) mice not treated with progestins. Each progestin treatment showed anticancer activity against endometrial neoplasms that developed in the mice compared to those without treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dienogest and MPA showed potent anticancer activity against endometrial neoplasms in our mouse model. The present study demonstrated that dienogest might be a useful therapeutic agent for human endometrial neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan and.
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan and.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan and.
authors.forename: Munekage
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan and.
authors.forename: Ritsuo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan and.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.affiliation: b Division of Cancer Genetics , Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan and.
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katabuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011372:Progestins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D011372:Progestins; C023635:dienogest; D009277:Nandrolone; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
keywords: Dienogest; MPA; Pten; endometrial carcinoma; mouse model