title: The Antisense Transcriptome and the Human Brain.
abstract: The transcriptome of a cell is made up of a varied array of RNA species, including protein-coding RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, short non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. The cellular transcriptome is dynamic and can change depending on environmental factors, disease state and cellular context. The human brain has perhaps the most diverse transcriptome profile that is enriched for many species of RNA, including antisense transcripts. Antisense transcripts are produced when both the plus and minus strand of the DNA helix are transcribed at a particular locus. This results in an RNA transcript that has a partial or complete overlap with an intronic or exonic region of the sense transcript. While antisense transcription is known to occur at some level in most organisms, this review focuses specifically on antisense transcription in the brain and how regulation of genes by antisense transcripts can contribute to functional aspects of the healthy and diseased brain. First, we discuss different techniques that can be used in the identification and quantification of antisense transcripts. This is followed by examples of antisense transcription and modes of regulatory function that have been identified in the brain.
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Bei Jun
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Paul-Flechsig-Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ueberham
authors.affiliation: Paul-Flechsig-Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arendt
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia. m.janitz@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janitz
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D016373:DNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016372:RNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D016373:DNA, Antisense; D016372:RNA, Antisense
keywords: Antisense transcripts; Human brain; RNA-Seq; Transcriptome