title: Effect of the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Analogue Exenatide Extended Release in Cats with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exenatide extended release (ER) is a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue that increases insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon secretion and induces satiation in humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The use of exenatide ER is safe and stimulates insulin secretion in healthy cats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to assess the safety of exenatide ER and its effect on body weight, remission and metabolic control in newly diagnosed diabetic cats receiving insulin and a low-carbohydrate diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty client-owned cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective placebo-controlled clinical trial. Cats were treated with exenatide ER or 0.9% saline, administered SC, once weekly. Both groups received insulin glargine and a low-carbohydrate diet. Exenatide ER was administered for 16 weeks, or in cats that achieved remission it was given for 4 weeks after discontinuing insulin treatment. Nonparametric tests were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cats in the exenatide ER and placebo groups had transient adverse signs including decreased appetite (60% vs. 20%, respectively, P = .06) and vomiting (53% vs. 40%, respectively, P = .715). Body weight increased significantly in the placebo group (P = .002), but not in cats receiving exenatide ER. Cats on exenatide ER achieved remission or good metabolic control in 40% or 89%, respectively, whereas in control cats percentages were 20% or 58% (P = .427 and P = .178, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exenatide ER is safe in diabetic cats and does not result in weight gain. Our pilot study suggests that, should there be an additional clinically relevant beneficial effect of exenatide ER in insulin-treated cats on rate of remission and good metabolic control, it would likely approximate 20% and 30%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riederer
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Healthy, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy.|The Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salesov
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fracassi
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Padrutt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Macha
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Stöckle
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Reusch
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069036:Insulin Glargine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010455:Peptides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014688:Venoms / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D000077270:Exenatide
keywords: feline; incretin; metabolic control; remission; treatment