title: High Content Imaging (HCI) on Miniaturized Three-Dimensional (3D) Cell Cultures.
abstract: High content imaging (HCI) is a multiplexed cell staining assay developed for better understanding of complex biological functions and mechanisms of drug action, and it has become an important tool for toxicity and efficacy screening of drug candidates. Conventional HCI assays have been carried out on two-dimensional (2D) cell monolayer cultures, which in turn limit predictability of drug toxicity/efficacy in vivo; thus, there has been an urgent need to perform HCI assays on three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. Although 3D cell cultures better mimic in vivo microenvironments of human tissues and provide an in-depth understanding of the morphological and functional features of tissues, they are also limited by having relatively low throughput and thus are not amenable to high-throughput screening (HTS). One attempt of making 3D cell culture amenable for HTS is to utilize miniaturized cell culture platforms. This review aims to highlight miniaturized 3D cell culture platforms compatible with current HCI technology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical &amp; Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 1960 East 24th Street Cleveland, Ohio, OH 44115-2214, USA. p.joshi18@vikes.csuohio.edu.
authors.forename: Pranav
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical &amp; Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 1960 East 24th Street Cleveland, Ohio, OH 44115-2214, USA. m.lee68@csuohio.edu.
authors.forename: Moo-Yeal
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
keywords: high content imaging; miniaturized cell-based assay; predictive toxicology; three-dimensional (3D) cell culture