title: Concise Review: Balancing Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation with PLZF.
abstract: In recent years, the highly conserved promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF, also known as ZBTB16, ZNF145) has attracted attention as a multifunctional transcription factor involved in major biological processes during development. As a transcription factor, PLZF shows tight regulation in its cell-type-specific and stage-specific expression patterns. Emerging evidence shows that PLZF regulates the balance of self-renewal and differentiation in stem cells. However, the gene regulatory network of PLZF is only beginning to be understood. In this review, we discuss the diverse functions of PLZF, in particular its role in self-renewal versus differentiation of stem cells. We also discuss the current state of knowledge on the gene regulatory network of PLZF, in conjunction with its upstream factors, post-translational modifications and binding cofactors for multiprotein complexes. This review aims to provide the reader with an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PLZF and the potential applications in tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Tong Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore.|NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Eng Hin
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ng
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shyh-Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000075722:Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D000075722:Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein; C092037:ZBTB16 protein, human
keywords: Differentiation; Gene regulatory network; Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger; Stem cell; Stemness