title: Efficiencies of Some Spherical Ion Chambers in Continuous and Pulsed Radiation: A Numerical Evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evaluation of the collection efficiencies of ion chambers is a necessity for the proper evaluation of radiation quantities in different applications. Overall collection efficiency is the product of three different values: collection efficiencies considering contributions of, volume recombination, back-diffusion loss and initial recombination, the later may be neglected at low charge rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five common spherical ion chambers of different volumes and specifications were included in this study for the evaluation of volume recombination collection efficiency and back diffusion collection efficiency for continuous and pulsed radiation and at different values of the applied polarizing potential. Through current work there is an attempt of focusing on how the selection of ion chamber dimensions may affect the overall collection efficiency in addition to the proper selection of other influencing parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Collection efficiencies considering volume recombination (fv) for five spherical ion chambers of common types were evaluated for continuous and pulsed radiation over a wide range of polarizing potential. The relation between the ion chamber volume and its evaluated collection efficiencies were studied for both continuous and pulsed radiation; transit time values for the ion chambers included in this study were evaluated at different values of applied potential. Also, collection efficiencies considering diffusion current values (fd) were evaluated for the five chambers, and plotted versus the applied polarizing potential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through this study it was feasible to evaluate numerically the collection efficiencies of some spherical ion chambers considering volume recombination and back diffusion effects; the affecting parameters were studied and highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science - Alzulfi - Almajmaah University, Almajmaah, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Radiation Dosimetry, National Institute of Standards (NIS), Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Maghraby
keywords: Air Ionization; Efficiency; V(D)J Recombination