title: Prenatal exposure to mixtures of xenoestrogens and genome-wide DNA methylation in human placenta.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In utero exposure to xenostrogens may modify the epigenome. We explored the association of prenatal exposure to mixtures of xenoestrogens and genome-wide placental DNA methylation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sex-specific associations between methylation changes in placental DNA by doubling the concentration of TEXB-alpha exposure were evaluated by robust multiple linear regression. Two CpG sites were selected for validation and replication in additional male born placentas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant associations were found, although the top significant CpGs in boys were located in the LRPAP1, HAGH, PPARGC1B, KCNQ1 and KCNQ1DN genes, previously associated to birth weight, Type 2 diabetes, obesity or steroid hormone signaling. Neither technical validation nor biological replication of the results was found in boys for LRPAP and PPARGC1B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some suggestive genes were differentially methylated in boys in relation to prenatal xenoestrogen exposure, but our initial findings could not be validated or replicated.
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Genomics & Disease Group, Bioinformatics & Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vilahur
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Genomics & Disease Group, Bioinformatics & Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|IMIB-Arrixaca Research Institute, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics & Toxicology Lab - Department of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Motta
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Department of Radiology, University of Granada, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariana Fátima
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
authors.forename: Lucas Andrés
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Genomics & Disease Group, Bioinformatics & Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Escaramis
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|FISABIO-Universitat de València - Universitat Jaume I Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology & Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain.|University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Ferran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ballester
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|FISABIO-Universitat de València - Universitat Jaume I Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology & Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murcia
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Adonina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tardon
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Hospital San Agustín, SESPA, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Isolina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riaño
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Biodonostia, Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.|Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Department of Health, Government of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Loreto
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santa-Marina
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Biodonostia, Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.|Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Department of Health, Government of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ibarluzea
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Department of Radiology, University of Granada, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Pedro
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Arrebola
authors.affiliation: Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Genomics & Disease Group, Bioinformatics & Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.|Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Estivill
authors.affiliation: EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics & Toxicology Lab - Department of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bollati
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sunyer
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.|Department of Radiology, University of Granada, Spain.|Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Spain.
authors.forename: Nicolás
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Olea
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D004967:Estrogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D051657:KCNQ1 Potassium Channel / Q000235:genetics; D026563:LDL-Receptor Related Protein-Associated Protein / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D010920:Placenta / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012737:Sex Factors; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D000099301:Hydroxyacylglutathione Hydrolase
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004967:Estrogens; D051657:KCNQ1 Potassium Channel; D026563:LDL-Receptor Related Protein-Associated Protein; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases; D000099301:Hydroxyacylglutathione Hydrolase; C496909:KCNQ1 protein, human; C455622:PPARGC1B protein, human
keywords: DNA methylation; TEXB; endocrine disruptors; epigenome xenoestrogens; placenta; prenatal; programming