title: Use of novel chitosan hydrogels for chemical tissue bonding of autologous chondral transplants.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemical tissue bonding (CTB) on adhesion strength, fluid permeability, and cell viability across a cartilaginous graft-host interface in an in vitro autologous chondral transplant (ACT) model. Chitosan-based cross-linkers; Chitosan-Rose Bengal [Chi-RB (Ch-ABC)], Chitosan-Genipin [Chi-GP (Ch-ABC)], and Chitosan-Rose Bengal-Genipin [Chi-RB-GP (Ch-ABC)] were applied to bovine immature cartilage explants after pre-treatment with surface degrading enzyme, Chondroitinase-ABC (Ch-ABC). Adhesion strength, fluid permeability and cell viability were assessed via mechanical push-out shear testing, fluid transport and live/dead cell staining, respectively. All three chitosan-based cross-linkers significantly increased the adhesion strength at the graft-host interface, however, only a statistically significant decrease in fluid permeability was noted in Chi-GP (Ch-ABC) specimen compared to untreated controls. Cell viability was maintained for 7 days of culture across all three treatment groups. These results show the potential clinical relevance of novel chitosan-based hydrogels in enhancing tissue integration and reducing synovial fluid penetration after ACT procedures in diarthoidal joints such as the knee and ankle. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1139-1146, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Jamila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gittens
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.|Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cairo University School of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amgad M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Haleem
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grenier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Niall A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Charles P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hannon
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Keir A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Torzilli
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D020100:Hydrogels; D008297:Male; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: autologous chondral transplant (ACT); biomechanics; chemical tissue bonding (CTB)