title: Protective effects of fenofibrate and resveratrol in an aggressive model of rheumatoid arthritis in rats.
abstract: Context Fibrates were reported to have anti-inflammatory effects while the naturally occurring polyphenol resveratrol was traditionally known as a potent antioxidant agent. Objective The effects of fenofibrate and resveratrol were investigated on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adult female albino rats. Materials and methods Rats were divided into a normal control group, an arthritis control group receiving CFA, two reference treatment groups receiving dexamesathone (1.5 mg/kg/day) and methotrexate (1 mg/kg/day), and two treatment groups receiving fenofibrate (100 mg/kg/day) and resveratrol (10 mg/kg/day) for seven consecutive days. Assessment of RA was performed by measuring serum rheumatoid factor (RF), matrix metalloprotinease-3 (MMP-3) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) as specific rheumatoid biomarkers, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and antinuclear antibody (ANA) as immunological biomarkers, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) as immunomodulatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as inflammatory biomarkers and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) as oxidative stress biomarkers, supported by a histopathological study on joints and spleens. Results Serum RF, MMP-3, COMP, IgG, ANA, TNF-α, MPO, CRP and MDA were decreased to about 36, 56, 66, 65, 9, 35, 24, 44 and 31% by fenofibrate, and to about 37, 59, 44, 70, 5, 30, 23, 33 and 28% by resveratrol treatments, respectively. Alternatively, serum IL-10 and GSH were significantly increased to about 215 and 251% by fenofibrate and to about 225 and 273% by resveratrol treatments, respectively. Discussion and conclusion Fenofibrate and resveratrol protect against RA, possibly through their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University , Beni-Sueif , Egypt ;
authors.forename: Mariam G F
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Wahba
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Sueif , Egypt.
authors.forename: Basim A S
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Messiha
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Sueif , Egypt.
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abo-Saif
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D011345:Fenofibrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007596:Joints / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D013267:Stilbenes; D003907:Dexamethasone; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D000077185:Resveratrol; D011345:Fenofibrate; D008727:Methotrexate
keywords: Anti-inflammatory; antioxidant; complete Freund’s adjuvant; dexamethasone; immuno-modulatory; methotrexate