title: Proteomic analysis of Magnolia sieboldii K. Koch seed germination.
abstract: Magnolia sieboldii is a deciduous tree native to China. This species has a deep dormancy characteristic. To better understand seed germination, we used protein analysis of changes in seed protein at 0, 65, 110 and 150 d of stratification. Comparative 2DE analysis of M. sieboldii seed protein profiles at 0, 65, 110 and 150 d of stratification revealed 80 differentially abundance protein species. Comparative analysis showed that ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit was degraded during germination. In particular, it was degraded almost completely at 110 d of germination. Starch granules in the microstructure decreased after 65 d of stratification. Starch granules provided a sufficient amount of substrates and ATPs for subsequent germination. Four storage protein species were identified, of which all were down accumulated. Spots 44 and 46 had different MW and pI values, spots 36 and 46 had nearly the same MW with pI shift in the 2-DE gels, suggesting that they might be present as different isoforms of the same protein family and the post translational modification. Our results suggested that degradation of starch granules and storage protein species prepared the seed embryo for growth, as well as regulated seed germination. The present proteomics analysis provides novel insights into the mobilisation of nutrient reserves during the germination of M. sieboldii seeds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To better understand seed germination, a complex developmental process, we developed a proteome analysis of M. sieboldii seed. We performed the first comprehensive proteomic and microstructure analysis during different seed stratification stages of M. sieboldii. Among the 80 protein species, 26 were identified, 7 and 14 protein species were up or down accumulated significantly. Many of the identified key proteins were involved in embryo development, starch biosynthesis and energy metabolism, Microstructure of stratification seed analysis revealed degradation of starch was used for preparing the seed embryo for growth. These data may help us to develop a comprehensive understanding of the physiological status and mobilisation mechanisms in M. sieboldii seed germination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China. Electronic address: lxjsyau@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiu-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: Department of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Lin
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Bei-Bei
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D018525:Germination / Q000502:physiology*; D031566:Magnolia / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Embryo; Germination; Magnolia sieboldii; Proteomics; Starch granule