title: Prospect of Retrieving Vibrational Wave Function by Single-Object Scattering Sampling.
abstract: The exact shape of wave functions has never been directly measured because an ensemble measurement is often overwhelmed by the contributions of highly populated configurations. In this work, we explore the possibility of directly obtaining vibrational wave functions by single-object scattering sampling (SOSS) using intense, ultrashort X-ray pulses provided by X-ray free electron lasers. Previously, single-molecule diffraction experiments using femtosecond X-ray pulses have been proposed with the prospect of determining three-dimensional structure of macromolecules without the need of single-crystal samples. In contrast to the previous proposals, SOSS is designed for obtaining the structural variations of constantly fluctuating molecules by sampling many single-shot, single-object scattering patterns. From the simulations on iodine molecules adopting various pulse characteristics and molecular parameters, we were able to reconstruct vibrational wave functions of molecular iodine and found that SOSS is feasible under appropriate experimental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.|Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hosung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ki
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.|Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeongho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joonghan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.|Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyotcherl
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ihee
keywords: X-ray diffraction; single object scattering sampling; single-molecule studies; transition state; wave function