title: Fentanyl bolus induces muscle tremors in sevoflurane-anaesthetized piglets.
abstract: Intravenous fentanyl (10 mcg/kg) or saline (control) was randomly administered to 10 healthy sevoflurane-mono-anaesthetized piglets. Trembling was assessed by two blinded observers using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a simple ordinal scale at baseline and 5 min (T5) after drug administration. If no trembling was observed at that time point, the opposite treatment was administered and piglets were re-evaluated after another 5 min (T10). Four out of five piglets showed trembling after fentanyl (T5), while none given saline showed any trembling. With fentanyl the VAS scores were significantly higher at T5 compared either with baseline or with the control treatment. Control animals received fentanyl after the 5 min evaluation and all piglets showed clear trembling afterwards. The median time after fentanyl administration until first muscle tremors was 51 (20-840) s. In summary, nine out of 10 sevoflurane-anaesthetized piglets showed muscle tremors after intravenous fentanyl. Tremors subsided over time and no specific treatment was necessary.
authors.affiliation: Section Anaesthesiology Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland sringer@vetclinics.uzh.ch.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ringer
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Spielmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Mauch
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D014202:Tremor / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D005283:Fentanyl
keywords: fentanyl; myoclonus; piglets; sevoflurane; trembling