title: Lymphotropic administration of photosensitizer as a model of target therapy of testicle inflammation: Experimental and clinical data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The existence of zones of humoral skin-subskin tissue linkage with internal organs as well as the possibility of targeted administration of preparation into the affected organs were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental study of preparation and distribution in the bodies of mice was held by both intravenous and lymphotropic methods of administration. By means of detection with a photosensitizer (as a marker), the study was conducted on healthy mice and mice with testicle inflammation. Based on the experimental results, the study has been implemented into the clinical practice of treatment of acute inflammatory diseases of testicle and its epididymis. Patients were administered antibiotics either by the lymphotropic method, or by traditional methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentration of the preparation, administered by the lymphotropic method, maintained in target organs (testicles) at a high level for a longer time, while the intravenous injections provided fast achievement of high concentrations. Moreover there was a lower level of accumulation of the photosensitizer in parenchymal organs after subcutaneous (lymphotropic) administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of humoral connection of certain areas of skin and subcutaneous tissue with testicles and their epididymis was proved. It was found that the lymphotropic administration leads to earlier clinical improvement and normalization of laboratory indices, and, thus, to significant reduction in hospital stay. Such results open the possibility of targeted drug delivery to the diseased organs. In perspective, the method may be used in treating patients not only in urology, but also in surgery, as well as for many acute, chronic or cancer diseases.
authors.affiliation: Federal State Institution of Additional Vocational Training "Teaching and Research Medical Center" Office of the President of the Russian Federation, 121359, Marshal Timoshenko St., 21, Moscow, Russia; City Clinical Hospital No. 51 Moscow Health Department, 121309, Alyabiev St., 7/33, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Yagudaev
authors.affiliation: Federal State Institution of Additional Vocational Training "Teaching and Research Medical Center" Office of the President of the Russian Federation, 121359, Marshal Timoshenko St., 21, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Eugene I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Brechov
authors.affiliation: Maimonides State Classical Academy, 115035, Sadovnicheskaya St., 52/45, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Ayubdzhon C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Saidov
authors.affiliation: A.M Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Vavilov St.,38, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: nina.kalyagina@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nina A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kalyagina
authors.affiliation: National Research Nuclear University (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) MEPhI, 115409, Kashirskoe highway 31, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Julia O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kuznetsova
authors.affiliation: A.M Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Vavilov St.,38, Moscow, Russia; National Research Nuclear University (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) MEPhI, 115409, Kashirskoe highway 31, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Victor B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Loschenov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007272:Injections, Intralymphatic / Q000379:methods; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009920:Orchitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments / Q000379:methods; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents
keywords: Inflammatory diseases of testicle; Local fluorescence spectroscopy; Lymphotropic therapy; Photodynamic diagnosis; Photosensitizer