title: A Multisite-Binding Switchable Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Mitochondrial ATP Level Fluctuation in Live Cells.
abstract: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), commonly produced in mitochondria, is required by almost all the living organisms; thus fluorescent probes for monitoring mitochondrial ATP levels fluctuation are essential and highly desired. Herein, we report a multisite-binding switchable fluorescent probe, ATP-Red 1, which selectively and rapidly responds to intracellular concentrations of ATP. Live-cell imaging indicated that ATP-Red 1 mainly localized to mitochondria with good biocompatibility and membrane penetration. In particular, with the help of ATP-Red 1, we successfully observed not only the decreased mitochondrial ATP levels in the presence of KCN and starvation state, but also the increased mitochondrial ATP levels in the early stage of cell apoptosis. These results indicate that ATP-Red 1 is a useful tool for investigating ATP-relevant biological processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. lyuan@hnu.edu.cn.|State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 (PR, China. lyuan@hnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, National, University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jun Cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Er
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
authors.forename: Bikram Keshari
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Agrawalla
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore.
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore.
authors.forename: Beomsue
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. chmcyt@nus.edu.sg.|Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. chmcyt@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Young-Tae
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1927-3688
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: ATP; cell imaging; fluorescent probes; multisite-binding