title: Characteristics of bacterial acute diarrhea among women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of women presenting with acute gastroenteritis due to infection with Salmonella spp. or Shigella spp.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using data for patients with specimens positive for Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp. attending two major women's hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil, between January 2003 and July 2014. Women were included if they had symptoms compatible with bacterial acute diarrhea. Isolates were evaluated to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and patient clinical profile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 45 eligible patients, Salmonella spp. was identified in 32 (71%) and Shigella spp. in 13 (29%). The highest antimicrobial sensitivity rates were observed for ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (n=44, 98% for both) whereas the greatest resistance rate was seen for ampicillin (n=20, 44%). Seven (16%) of the women were pregnant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim are suitable choices for the treatment of bacterial acute diarrhea. However, the maternal and fetal safety profile of prescribed medications should be considered when treating pregnant patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Fêmina, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rocha-Castro
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention and Infection Control, Hospital Fêmina, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kronbauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention and Infection Control, Hospital Fêmina, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dallé
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Fêmina, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirela F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention and Infection Control, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cezar W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Riche
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention and Infection Control, Hospital Fêmina, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: vicente_antonello@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Vicente S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Antonello
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology*; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012760:Shigella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D000667:Ampicillin; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole
keywords: Acute diarrhea; Bacterial acute diarrhea; Pregnancy; Treatment; Women