title: Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programming and Classroom Behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) on classroom behavior in low-income children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants included 1460 children recruited from 3 low-income schools receiving governmental financial assistance. A total of 77 classrooms were observed across grades K through 6. Classrooms were observed one week prior to the implementation of CSPAP and at 6 weeks and 12 weeks after commencement of the program. Members of the research team observed classroom behavior using systematic observation, specifically a 5-second momentary time sampling procedure. A generalized linear mixed effects model was used to determine the change in odds of a classroom achieving at least 80% on-task behavior following the implementation of CSPAP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 7.49 (95% CI: 2.83, 19.79) greater odds of a classroom achieving 80% on-task behavior at 6 weeks compared to baseline and a 27.93 (95% CI: 7.93, 98.29) greater odds of a classroom achieving 80% on-task behavior at 12 weeks compared to baseline (p < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After the CSPAP was implemented, on-task classroom behavior significantly improved across all grade levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. ryan.d.burns@utah.edu.
authors.forename: Ryan D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Brusseau
authors.affiliation: Kinesiology and Sport Sciences Department, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA.
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Salt Lake City School District, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Myrer
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hannon
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003479:Curriculum; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012574:Schools / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome