title: Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Prefrontal Inhibition in Schizophrenia Patients with Persistent Auditory Hallucinations: A Study on Antisaccade Task Performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deficient prefrontal cortex inhibitory control is of particular interest with regard to the pathogenesis of auditory hallucinations (AHs) in schizophrenia. Antisaccade task performance is a sensitive index of prefrontal inhibitory function and has been consistently found to be abnormal in schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study investigated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on antisaccade performance in 13 schizophrenia patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tDCS resulted in significant reduction in antisaccade error percentage (t = 3.4; P = 0.005), final eye position gain (t = 2.3; P = 0.042), and AHs severity (t = 4.1; P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results raise the possibility that improvement in antisaccade performance and severity of AH may be mechanistically related.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sri Mahavir
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalmady
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Venkataram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shivakumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Harleen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chhabra
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Anushree
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Dinakaran
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Damodharan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Janardhanan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Narayanaswamy
authors.affiliation: University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sam B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hutton
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Ganesan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Venkatasubramanian
keywords: Antisaccade; hallucinations; schizophrenia; transcranial direct current stimulation