title: Longitudinal study of circulating oxidized LDL and HDL and fatty liver: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
abstract: Oxidative reactions are thought to play a role in the inflammatory condition called fatty liver. It is unclear whether oxidized lipoprotein lipids or proteins are associated with future fatty liver. In the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, we determined the circulating levels of LDL and HDL oxidized lipids and studied their associations with fatty liver assessed by ultrasonography. There were 1286 middle-aged subjects with normal liver and 288 subjects with fatty liver. Analysis of oxidized lipids consisted of conjugated dienes in isolated HDL (oxHDLlipids) and LDL (oxLDLlipids). Oxidized LDL was also measured with a method based on antibodies against oxidized apolipoprotein B (oxLDLprot). After adjustment for age, sex, leisure-time physical activity, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking, serum LDL and HDL cholesterol as well as particle concentrations, participants with elevated oxLDLlipids (odds ratio for 1-SD change in oxLDLlipids = 1.27, p =0.011) had an increased risk for fatty liver. Similarly, a high oxidation score (oxLDLlipids + oxLDLprot) was directly associated with fatty liver (odds ratio=1.34, p = 0.012). The strongest direct association was seen with a high oxLDLlipids/oxHDLlipids ratio (odds ratio=1.49, p = 0.001). These data suggest that oxidized lipoprotein lipids are linked with the risk of fatty liver in middle-aged adults.
authors.affiliation: a Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Jari E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kaikkonen
authors.affiliation: a Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kresanov
authors.affiliation: a Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahotupa
authors.affiliation: b National Institute for Health and Welfare , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jula
authors.affiliation: a Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;|c Division of Nutrition, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland ;
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mikkilä
authors.affiliation: d Department of Medicine , University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital , Turku, Finland ;
authors.forename: Jorma S A
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Viikari
authors.affiliation: d Department of Medicine , University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital , Turku, Finland ;|e Murdoch Childrens Research Institute , Parkville , Victoria , Australia ;
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juonala
authors.affiliation: f Department of Pediatrics , Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hutri-Kähönen
authors.affiliation: g Department of Clinical Physiology , Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kähönen
authors.affiliation: h Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and School of Medicine , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Terho
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehtimäki
authors.affiliation: i Computational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu , Oulu , Finland ;
authors.forename: Antti J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kangas
authors.affiliation: i Computational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu , Oulu , Finland ;|j NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland ;
authors.forename: Pasi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soininen
authors.affiliation: i Computational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu , Oulu , Finland ;|j NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland ;|k Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine , University of Bristol , Bristol, United Kingdom ;|l Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol , Bristol, United Kingdom ;
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ala-Korpela
authors.affiliation: a Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;|m Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine , Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland.
authors.forename: Olli T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Raitakari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000503:physiopathology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein
keywords: Conjugated dienes; lipoprotein oxidation; oxidative stress; population study; steatosis