title: A translational systems biology approach in both animals and humans identifies a functionally related module of accumbal genes involved in the regulation of reward processing and binge drinking in males.
abstract: The mesolimbic dopamine system, composed primarily of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area that project to striatal structures, is considered to be the key mediator of reinforcement-related mechanisms in the brain. Prompted by a genome-wide association meta-analysis implicating the Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 (RASGRF2) gene in the regulation of alcohol intake in men, we have recently shown that male Rasgrf2(-/-) mice exhibit reduced ethanol intake and preference accompanied by a perturbed mesolimbic dopamine system. We therefore propose that these mice represent a valid model to further elucidate the precise genes and mechanisms regulating mesolimbic dopamine functioning.
  
  
  
  Transcriptomic data from the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) of male Rasgrf2(-/-) mice and wild-type controls were analyzed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). We performed follow-up genetic association tests in humans using a sample of male adolescents from the IMAGEN study characterized for binge drinking (n = 905) and ventral striatal activation during an fMRI reward task (n = 608).
  
  
  
  The WGCNA analyses using accumbal transcriptomic data revealed 37 distinct "modules," or functionally related groups of genes. Two of these modules were significantly associated with Rasgrf2 knockout status: M5 (p < 0.001) and M6 (p < 0.001). In follow-up translational analyses we found that human orthologues for the M5 module were significantly (p < 0.01) enriched with genetic association signals for binge drinking in male adolescents. Furthermore, the most significant locus, originating from the EH-domain containing 4 (EHD4) gene (p < 0.001), was also significantly associated with altered ventral striatal activity in male adolescents performing an fMRI reward task (pempirical < 0.001).
  
  
  
  It was not possible to determine the extent to which the M5 module was dysregulated in Rasgrf2(-/-) mice by perturbed mesolimbic dopamine signalling or by the loss of Rasgrf2 function in the NAcc.
  
  
  
  Taken together, our findings indicate that the accumbal M5 module, initially identified as being dysregulated in male Rasgrf2(-/-) mice, is also relevant for human alcohol-related phenotypes potentially through the modulation of reinforcement mechanisms in the NAcc. We therefore propose that the genes comprising this module represent important candidates for further elucidation within the context of alcohol-related phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stacey
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Anbarasu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lourdusamy
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ruggeri
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maroteaux
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Tianye
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cattrell
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nymberg
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banaschewski
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Sohinee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Band
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Gareth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bokde
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buchel
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Fabiana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conrod
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Sylvane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desrivieres
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Alanna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Easton
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fauth-Buehler
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Medarde
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Herta
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flor
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Frouin
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Jurgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gallinat
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garavanh
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ittermann
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lathrop
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loth
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martinot
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nees
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paus
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Zdenka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pausova
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rietschel
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rotter
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smolka
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mameli
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spanagel
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Jean-Antoine
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Girault
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.affiliation: From the Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia (Stacey); the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Maroteaux, Jia, Cattrell, Nymberg, Barker, Carvalho, Conrod, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK (Lourdusamy, Ruggeri, Jia, Nymberg, Carvalho, Desrivières, Easton, Loth, Müller, Schumann); the Institut du Fer à Moulin, UMR-S 839, INSERM and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France (Maroteaux, Mameli, Girault); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Banaschewski); the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA (Bhattacharyya, Band); the Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Bokde, Garavan); the Institute for Systemic Neuroscience, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (Büchel); the Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada (Conrod); the Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fauth-Buehler, Mann); the CIC-IBMCC, University of Salamanca - CSIC, Spain (Fernandez-Medarde, Santos); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Cognitive Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Flor, Nees); the CEA, DSV, I2BM, Neurospin Bât 145 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (Frouin); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (Gallinat); the Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA (Garavan); the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany (Ittermann); the McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Mon
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schumann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D063425:Binge Drinking / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D056426:Genetic Loci; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000378:metabolism*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012201:Reward; D049490:Systems Biology; D059467:Transcriptome; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D020663:ras Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C406448:EHD4 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C504491:Rasgrf2 protein, mouse; D020663:ras Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors