title: Characterization of reactive stroma in prostate cancer: involvement of growth factors, metalloproteinase matrix, sexual hormones receptors and prostatic stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reactive Stroma (RStr) is observed in many human cancers and is related to carcinogenesis. The objectives of the present study were to stablish a relationship of the RStr microenvironment with prostate cancer (Pca) through a morphological and molecular characterization, and to identify a possible relationship between RStr with worse prognosis factors and occurrence of malignant prostatic stem cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty prostatic samples were selected from men with Pca diagnosis submitted to radical prostatectomy; they were divided in two groups: Group-1 (n=20): samples without reactive stroma; Group-2 (n=20): samples of PCa with intense stroma reaction. Prostatic samples were evaluated for RStr intensity by Masson Trichromic stain and posteriorly submitted to histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis for antigens: a-actin, vimentin, IGF-1, MMP-2, FGF-2, C-Myc, PSCA, AR, Era and ERß.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reactive stroma with intense desmoplastic reactivity was significantly more frequent in intermediate (Gleason 7, 3+4) and high grade tumors (Gleason 7, 4+3). The group with intense stromal reactivity showed significant higher levels of Vimentin, IGF-1, MMP-2, FGF-2, C-Myc, PSCA and ERa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that RStr may be a predictive marker of Pca progression, since it was associated with increase of growth factors, imbalance of androgen and estrogen receptors and presence of malign prostatic stem cells.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirurgia, Área de Urooncologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maurício Moreira da
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirurgia, Área de Urooncologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Wagner Eduardo
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Matheus
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Carcinogênese Urogenital e Imunoterapia (LCURGIM), Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Patrick Vianna
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirurgia, Área de Urooncologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rafael Mamprim
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Stopiglia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Athanase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Billis
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirurgia, Área de Urooncologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ubirajara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Carcinogênese Urogenital e Imunoterapia (LCURGIM), Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Wagner José
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Fávaro
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000032:analysis; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000032:analysis; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C116115:MYCBP protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C110843:PSCA protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014746:Vimentin; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2