title: Heterogeneous surfaces to repel proteins.
abstract: The nonspecific adsorption of proteins is usually undesirable on solid surfaces as it induces adverse responses, such as platelet adhesion on medical devices, negative signals of biosensors and contamination blockage of filtration membranes. Thus, an important scheme in material science is to design and fabricate protein-repulsive surfaces. Early approaches in this field focused on homogeneous surfaces comprised of single type functionality. Yet, recent researches have demonstrated that surfaces with heterogeneities (chemistry and topography) show promising performance against protein adsorption. In this review, we will summarize the recent achievements and discuss the new perspectives in the research of developing and characterizing heterogeneous surfaces to repel proteins. The protein repulsion mechanisms of different heterogeneous surfaces will also be discussed in details, followed by the perspective and challenge of this emerging field.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. Electronic address: lshen@hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. Electronic address: jtzhu@mail.hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jintao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D006801:Humans; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
keywords: Heterogeneous surfaces; Protein adsorption kinetics; Protein repulsion mechanisms; Protein–surface interactions; Repulsion forces