title: Hippocampal noradrenergic activation is necessary for object recognition memory consolidation and can promote BDNF increase and memory persistence.
abstract: Previously we showed that activation of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract (NTS)-Nucleus Paragigantocellularis (PGi)-Locus coeruleus (LC) pathway, which theoretically culminates with norepinephrine (NE) release in dorsal hippocampus (CA1 region) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) is necessary for the consolidation of object recognition (OR) memory. Here we show that, while the microinjection of the beta-noradrenergic receptor blocker timolol into CA1 impairs OR memory consolidation, the microinjection of norepinephrine (NE) promotes the persistence of this type of memory. Further, we show that OR consolidation is attended by an increase of norepinephrine (NE) levels and of the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus, which are impaired by inactivation of the NTS-PGi-LC pathway by the infusion of muscimol into the NTS.
authors.affiliation: Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pâmela B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Mello-Carpes
authors.affiliation: Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Liane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: da Silva de Vargas
authors.affiliation: Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Prática de Ensino, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mateus Cristofari
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gayer
authors.affiliation: Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Prática de Ensino, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roehrs
authors.affiliation: Centro de Memória, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Neurociência Translacional/CNPq, Brazil. Electronic address: izquier@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Izquierdo
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008125:Locus Coeruleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D000069077:Memory Consolidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009118:Muscimol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000502:physiology*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013999:Timolol / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D009118:Muscimol; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D013999:Timolol; D009638:Norepinephrine
keywords: BDNF; Memory persistence; Norepinephrine; Nucleus of the Solitary Tract