title: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Highly Strained [4]Cyclofluorene: Green-Emitting Fluorophore.
abstract: [4]Cyclo-9,9-dipropyl-2,7-fluorene ([4]CF) with the strain energy of 79.8 kcal/mol is synthesized in high quantum yield. Impressively, hoop-shaped [4]CF exhibits a green fluorescence emission around 512 nm offering a new explanation for the green band (g-band) in polyfluorenes. The solution-processed [4]CF-based organic light emitting diode (OLED) has also been fabricated with the a stronger green band emission. Strained semiconductors offer a promising approach to fabricating multifunctional optoelectronic materials in organic electronics and biomedicine.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Bo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Hai
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Dong
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371, Singapore.
authors.forename: Teck-Peng
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.|Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang