title: Plant Nuclei Move to Escape Ultraviolet-Induced DNA Damage and Cell Death.
abstract: A striking feature of plant nuclei is their light-dependent movement. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaf mesophyll cells, the nuclei move to the side walls of cells within 1 to 3 h after blue-light reception, although the reason is unknown. Here, we show that the nuclear movement is a rapid and effective strategy to avoid ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damages. Mesophyll nuclei were positioned on the cell bottom in the dark, but sudden exposure of these cells to UVB caused severe DNA damage and cell death. The damage was remarkably reduced in both blue-light-treated leaves and mutant leaves defective in the actin cytoskeleton. Intriguingly, in plants grown under high-light conditions, the mesophyll nuclei remained on the side walls even in the dark. These results suggest that plants have two strategies for reducing UVB exposure: rapid nuclear movement against acute exposure and nuclear anchoring against chronic exposure.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan (K.I., K.T., I.H.-N.);Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (J.H.); andGraduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan (S.T.).
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-6806
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan (K.I., K.T., I.H.-N.);Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (J.H.); andGraduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan (S.T.).
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hidema
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan (K.I., K.T., I.H.-N.);Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (J.H.); andGraduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan (S.T.).
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan (K.I., K.T., I.H.-N.);Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (J.H.); andGraduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan (S.T.).
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-2826
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan (K.I., K.T., I.H.-N.);Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (J.H.); andGraduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama-cho 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan (S.T.) ihnishi@gr.bot.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8814-1593
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara-Nishimura
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000528:radiation effects; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000528:radiation effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D058503:Mesophyll Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects