title: Diphtheria Toxin- and GFP-Based Mouse Models of Acquired Hypoparathyroidism and Treatment With a Long-Acting Parathyroid Hormone Analog.
abstract: Hypoparathyroidism (HP) arises most commonly from parathyroid (PT) gland damage associated with neck surgery, and is typically treated with oral calcium and active vitamin D. Such treatment effectively increases levels of serum calcium (sCa), but also brings risk of hypercalciuria and renal damage. There is thus considerable interest in using PTH or PTH analogs to treat HP. To facilitate study of this disease and the assessment of new treatment options, we developed two mouse models of acquired HP, and used them to assess efficacy of PTH(1-34) as well as a long-acting PTH analog (LA-PTH) in regulating blood calcium levels. In one model, we used PTHcre-iDTR mice in which the diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor (DTR) is selectively expressed in PT glands, such that systemic DT administration selectively ablates parathyroid cells. For the second model, we generated GFP-PT mice in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is selectively expressed in PT cells, such that parathyroidectomy (PTX) is facilitated by green fluorescence of the PT glands. In the PTHcre-iDTR mice, DT injection (2 × 5 μg/kg, i.p.) resulted in moderate yet consistent reductions in serum PTH and sCa levels. The more severe hypoparathyroid phenotype was observed in GFP-PT mice following GFP-guided PTX surgery. In each model, a single subcutaneous injection of LA-PTH increased sCa levels more effectively and for a longer duration (>24 hours) than did a 10-fold higher dose of PTH(1-34), without causing excessive urinary calcium excretion. These new mouse models thus faithfully replicate two degrees of acquired HP, moderate and severe, and may be useful for assessing potential new modes of therapy. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.|West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Ruiye
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.|Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lauter
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cradock
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gardella
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mannstadt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007011:Hypoparathyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
keywords: ANIMAL MODELS; CELL/TISSUE SIGNALING-ENDOCRINE PATHWAYS; DISORDERS OF CALCIUM/PHOSPHATE METABOLISM; THERAPEUTICS