title: Invasive pulmonary mycosis due to Chaetomium globosum with false-positive galactomannan test: a case report and literature review.
abstract: In this case, the authors report Chaetomium globosum as a cause of invasive pulmonary infection in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis. Fungal hyphae (KOH and Calcofluor) were seen on direct microscopy of lung biopsy sample and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sample. C. globosum isolated on culture clinched the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary infection by Chaetomium spp. A positive galactomannan of serum and BAL was repeatedly seen and was utilised for follow-up and as prognostic marker in patient management. The patient was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B followed by voriconazole. All the Chaetomium infections reported till date since 1980 are reviewed. Chaetomium spp. with its unique ecology has a hidden clinical potential to cause invasive mould infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vardhmaan Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Malini R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Capoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Vardhmaan Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Poojan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Vardhmaan Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Vardhmaan Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Sarika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Mandya Rudramurthy
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shivaprakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Honnavar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Arunaloke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
mesh_terms: D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D002597:Chaetomium / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D008351:Mannans / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000601:surgery; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D008351:Mannans; C012990:galactomannan; D005690:Galactose
keywords: Chaetomium globosum; False-positive galactomannan test; invasive pulmonary mycosis