title: In vivo quantification of the [(11)C]DASB binding in the normal canine brain using positron emission tomography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  [(11)C]-3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethyl-phenylsulfanyl)-benzonitrile ([(11)C]DASB) is currently the mostly used radiotracer for positron emission tomography (PET) quantitative studies of the serotonin transporter (SERT) in the human brain but has never been validated in dogs. The first objective was therefore to evaluate normal [(11)C]DASB distribution in different brain regions of healthy dogs using PET. The second objective was to provide less invasive and more convenient alternative methods to the arterial sampling-based kinetic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dynamic acquisition of the brain was performed during 90 min. The PET images were coregistered with the magnetic resonance images taken prior to the study in order to manually drawn 20 regions of interest (ROIs). The highest radioactivity concentration of [(11)C]DASB was observed in the hypothalamus, raphe nuclei and thalamus and lowest levels in the parietal cortex, occipital cortex and cerebellum. The regional radioactivity in those 20 ROIs was quantified using the multilinear reference tissue model 2 (MRTM2) and a semi-quantitative method. The values showed least variability between 40 and 60 min and this time interval was set as the optimal time interval for [(11)C]DASB quantification in the canine brain. The correlation (R(2)) between the MRTM2 and the semi-quantitative method using the data between 40 and 60 min was 99.3% (two-tailed p-value < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reference tissue models and semi-quantitative method provide a more convenient alternative to invasive arterial sampling models in the evaluation of the SERT of the normal canine brain. The optimal time interval for static scanning is set at 40 to 60 min after tracer injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. olivia.taylor@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. n.vanlaeken@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van Laeken
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. filipx.devos@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Vos
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Biology of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. ingeborgh.polis@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Ingeborgh
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Polis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Biology of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. tim.bosmans@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bosmans
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. ingeborg.goethals@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Ingeborg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goethals
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. rik.achten@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Rik
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Achten
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. andre.dobbeleir@skynet.be.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. andre.dobbeleir@skynet.be.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dobbeleir
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. e.vandermeulen@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vandermeulen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. chris.baeken@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baeken
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. jimmy.saunders@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. kathelijne.peremans@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Kathelijne
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peremans
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D013440:Sulfides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: C412822:3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl)benzonitrile; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D013440:Sulfides