title: Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of a methanol extract from Vitellaria paradoxa stem bark.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitellaria paradoxa is a traditional medicinal plant of Cameroon. Several studies on this plant have focused on the cosmetic profile of its fruits. The present study focuses on the anti-inflammatory potency of stem barks extract of this plant.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to evaluate the effect of methanolic extract of V. paradoxa (VPME) stem barks on inflammatory response in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-inflammatory effects of VPME were evaluated in acute and chronic (28 days) inflammation induced in Wistar albino rats. The effects on hyperalgesia and locomotors activity were also quantified. The relative weight of lymphoid organs was obtained as well as some hematological parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the carrageenan-induced inflammation, VPME (75 mg/kg) exhibited a significant (66.67%) inhibition after 1 h. On the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis, VPME showed a significant protective effect with 8.12% inflammation against 25.00% for the control group after 2 days of the treatment. The extract (75 and 150 mg/kg) significantly reduced the score of arthritis with a maximum obtained on day 19(th) of the experimentation. There was a significant increase in the reaction time of rats on the hot plate as well as the exploratory activities of the animals in the open field. This extract significantly prevented weight, hemoglobin and red blood cells losses, and spleen hypertrophy. A protective action against skin destruction and cartilage erosion was evident. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the extract revealed the presence of catechins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggested that V. paradoxa may contribute to the reduction of the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maroua, P.O Box 814, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Harquin Simplice
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Foyet
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maroua, P.O Box 814, Cameroon.
authors.forename: David Emery
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Tsala
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zogo Essono Bodo
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Azanfack Name
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Carine
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Lissia Toussoumna
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Heroyne
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Eyong Kenneth
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Oben
keywords: Arthritis; Vitellaria paradoxa; catechin; hematological parameters; hyperalgesia; inflammation