title: Dynamic weight bearing as a non-reflexive method for the measurement of abdominal pain in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a high burden for patients and society. It affects 15-24% of women in reproductive age and is an area of high unmet medical need. CPP can be caused by a wide range of visceral diseases such as abdominal infections, gastrointestinal or gynaecological diseases like endometriosis. Despite the high medical need for this condition, pharmacological approaches are hampered by the limited number of available methods for the behavioural evaluation of pain in inflammation-driven animal models of pelvic pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dynamic weight bearing (DWB) system was used for the evaluation of spontaneous behaviour changes in the zymosan-induced peritonitis mouse model. Inflammatory mediator levels were evaluated in peritoneal lavage and their correlation with the behavioural endpoints was assessed. We evaluated the effect on behavioural endpoints of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib and the Nav 1.8 blocker A-803467.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of a relief posture, characterized by a significantly increased weight distribution towards the front paws, was observed following intraperitoneal injection of zymosan. A positive correlation was detected between PGE2 levels in the peritoneal lavage and DWB endpoints. In addition, zymosan-induced weight bearing changes were reverted by celecoxib and A-803467.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study described for the first time the use of DWB as a non-subjective and non-reflexive method for the evaluation of inflammatory-driven abdominal pain in a mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Discovery, Global Therapeutic Research Groups, Gynecological Therapies, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laux-Biehlmann
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Discovery, Global Therapeutic Research Groups, Gynecological Therapies, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boyken
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Discovery, Global Therapeutic Research Groups, Gynecological Therapies, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dahllöf
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Discovery, Global Therapeutic Research Groups, Gynecological Therapies, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Discovery, Global Therapeutic Research Groups, Gynecological Therapies, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Zollner
authors.affiliation: Global Drug Discovery, Global Therapeutic Research Groups, Gynecological Therapies, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagel
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D000068579:Celecoxib / Q000494:pharmacology; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000150:complications; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D017699:Pelvic Pain; D010533:Peritoneal Lavage; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016474:Weight-Bearing; D015054:Zymosan / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: C520740:A 803467; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D005663:Furans; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015054:Zymosan; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015232:Dinoprostone