title: Rising incidence and aggressive nature of cutaneous malignancies after transplantation: An update on epidemiology, risk factors, management and surveillance.
abstract: Although immunosuppression has been a key component to the success of solid-organ transplantation, the morbidity associated with long-term immunosuppression remains a substantial burden, particularly as recipients of transplants live longer. Indeed, malignancy is one of the most common reasons for mortality following transplantation and the most common of these cancers are cutaneous in origin. Recently, the incidence of these malignancies has been on the rise, partly due to the fact that recipients of these transplants are living longer as a result of improvements in surgical technique, immunosuppression and perioperative management. Although there have been initiatives to increase awareness of cutaneous malignancies following transplantation, such programs are not standardized and there continues to be gaps in skin cancer education and post-operative surveillance. This review provides an update on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical management, prevention and surveillance of cutaneous malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: aptufaro@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Tufaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Saïd C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Azoury
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Crompton
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Fl, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Straughan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Sashank
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Nijaguna B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Beaumont Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Anne C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
keywords: Cutaneous malignancy; Immunosuppression; Risk factors; Surveillance; Transplant