title: Nature-like solution for removal of direct brown 1 azo dye from aqueous phase using humics-modified silica gel.
abstract: The objective was to estimate suitability of humics-modified silica gels for adsorptive removal of the Direct Brown 1 trisazo dye from aqueous phase. The major advantage of the proposed adsorbents is that of an ecologically sound procedure of immobilizing silanized humic derivatives onto silica gel in aquatic solutions. The silanized humic derivatives, in turn, are obtained without a use of organic solvent by reacting natural humic materials from peat and coal with 3-aminopropyltriethoxyorganosilane in water. These silanized derivatives are surface active and are capable of self assembling into humic adlayers at the water solid interface. A use of this approach allows for immobilization of up to 220 mg of humic materials per 1 g of SiO2. The adsorption capacity of humics-modified silica gels with respect to the Direct Brown 1 trisazo dye varied from 3.5 up to 8.8 mg per 1 g of SiO2. The maximum sorption obtained for the silanized derivative with 50% modification degree was comparable to adsorption capacity of activated coal to this dye (7.5 mg g(-1)). The results of this adsorption study, warrant further studies of azo dye removal from aqueous environments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Volikov
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia; Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, RAS, Profsoyuznaya Str. 70, Moscow 117393, Russia. Electronic address: ponomarenko@ispm.ru.
authors.forename: Sergey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ponomarenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Andrey I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Konstantinov
authors.affiliation: Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA. Electronic address: kirk.hatfield@essie.ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatfield
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia. Electronic address: iperm@org.chem.msu.ru.
authors.forename: Irina V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Perminova
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006812:Humic Substances; D011437:Propylamines; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D058428:Silica Gel / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006812:Humic Substances; D011437:Propylamines; D012821:Silanes; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C000611168:direct brown 1; C082343:silanol; D058428:Silica Gel; C477625:amino-propyl-triethoxysilane
keywords: Azo dye; Direct brown 1; Humic substances; Immobilization; Organosilanes; Removal; Silica gel