title: Effect of three months of periodized hydrogymnastics exercise program on urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline in older women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of three months of periodized hydrogymnastics exercise program on urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline in older women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six subjects were randomly assigned in two, intervention group (n = 16) and control group (n = 10). The intervention group followed 12-week of periodized hydrogymnastics training program five times a week, 50 minutes of water exercise with work heart rate reserve of 40-50% (1-6th week) increasing the load to 50-60% (7-12th week); the control group was not involved in exercise and remained sedentary. The urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline was evaluated by high resolution liquid chromatography using the reactive immulite pyrilinks-D siemens medical solutions, pretest at the baseline and at the end post-test of the 12-week of water-exercise. As statistical analyses mixed 2 x 2 ANOVA was used, also percentage changes (Δ %) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results did not show significant improvement (p < 0.05) comparing the interaction intergroup and the measurements of urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline (p = 0.504), percentage change (Δ %) showed positive improvements in the experimental group of -13.7 (nM/mMcreatine) in comparison with -7.1 (nM/mMcreatine) from the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study involves periodization increasing the load heart rate reserve of hydrogymnastics exercise in order to produce grater adaptations, but the results showed than is not possible to infer that hydrogymnastics is effective in increase urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline in older women, will be appropriated in the future more studies to better clarify the possibilities of improvements between hydrogymnastics and urinary concentration of deoxypyridinoline.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Paulina Yesica
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Ochoa-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Javier Arturo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hall-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco Argenix Pérez
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ávila
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Sciences, University Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Cristiano Andrade Quintão Coelho
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Sciences, University Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Helena Rodrigues
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Motricity Biosciences, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro and Tiradentes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Estélio Henrique Martin
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Dantas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006173:Gymnastics; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000175:diagnosis; D015397:Program Evaluation; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D063996:Warm-Up Exercise; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D014867:Water; C036020:deoxypyridinoline