title: Investigation of ischemia modified albumin, oxidant and antioxidant markers in acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still one of the most common causes of death worldwide. In recent years, for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia, a new parameter, called ischemia modified albumin (IMA), which is thought to be more advantageous than common methods, has been researched.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, systematic analysis of parameters considered to be related to myocardial ischemia has been performed, comparing between control and myocardial ischemia groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 40 patients with AMI and 25 healthy controls for this study. Ischemia modified albumin levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as retinol, α-tocopherol, β-carotene and ascorbic acid levels were investigated in both groups. Glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress, were compared between patient and control groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ischemia modified albumin levels were found significantly higher in the AMI diagnosed group when compared with controls. The MDA level was elevated in the patient group, whereas the GSH level was decreased. SOD, GPx and CAT enzyme levels were decreased in the patient group, where it could be presumed that oxidative stress causes the cardiovascular diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the increased oxidative stress, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant capacity was affected. Systematic investigation of parameters related to myocardial infarction has been performed, and it is believed that such parameters can contribute to protection and early diagnosis of AMI and understanding the mechanism of development of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hazini
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cemek
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: İbrahim
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Işıldak
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Saadet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alpdağtaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Önül
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ünal
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Şenel
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering (Biochemistry Division), Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kocaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iraz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uyarel
keywords: enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants; ischemia modified albumin; myocardial infarction; oxidative stress