title: Dietary cladode powder from wild type and domesticated Opuntia species reduces atherogenesis in apoE knock-out mice.
abstract: Dietary intake of Opuntia species may prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to characterize the biological antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Opuntia species and to investigate whether Opuntia cladodes prevent the development of atherosclerosis in vivo, in apoE(-)KO mice. The effects of the two Opuntia species, the wild Opuntia streptacantha and the domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica, were tested on the generation of intra- and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and kinetics of the LDL oxidation by murine CRL2181 endothelial cells and on the subsequent inflammatory signaling leading to the adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium and the formation of foam cells. Opuntia species blocked the extracellular ROS (superoxide anion) generation and LDL oxidation by CRL2181, as well as the intracellular ROS rise and signaling evoked by the oxidized LDL, including the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFκB, the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 adhesion molecules, and the adhesion of monocytes to CRL2181. In vivo, Opuntia significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and the accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal adducts in the vascular wall of apoE-KO mice, indicating that Opuntia cladodes prevent lipid oxidation in the vascular wall. In conclusion, wild and domesticated Opuntia species exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties which emphasize their nutritional benefit for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR 1048, BP84225 - 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France.|University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garoby-Salom
authors.affiliation: UMR1331 INRA/UPS/INPT Toxalim, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guéraud
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR 1048, BP84225 - 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France.|University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camaré
authors.affiliation: IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana-Paulina Barba
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de la Rosa
authors.affiliation: IPBS, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossignol
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: María del Socorro
authors.initials: Mdel S
authors.lastname: Santos Díaz
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR 1048, BP84225 - 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France.|University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvayre
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR 1048, BP84225 - 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France. anne.negre-salvayre@inserm.fr.|University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France. anne.negre-salvayre@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Negre-Salvayre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D029747:Opuntia / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D011208:Powders
keywords: Adhesion molecules; Atherosclerosis; Foam cells; Inflammation; LDL; Opuntia; Oxidation; Reactive oxygen species; apoE−/− mice