title: Calcium Fructoborate for Bone and Cardiovascular Health.
abstract: Calcium fructoborate (CF), a natural sugar-borate ester found in fresh fruits and vegetables, is a source of soluble boron. CF contains three forms of borate (diester, monoester, and boric acid) and all are biologically active, both at the intracellular (as free boric acid) and extracellular level (as fructose-borate diester and monoester). At the cellular and molecular level, CF is superior to the boric acid/borate, exhibiting a complex "protective" effect against inflammatory response. CF is commercially available in the USA as a "nature-identical" complex, an active compound for dietary supplements. It provides effective and safe support against the discomfort and lack of flexibility associated with osteoarticular conditions (arthritis and joint degeneration), and improves Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) and McGill indexes. In addition, orally administered CF is effective in ameliorating symptoms of physiological response to stress, including inflammation of the mucous membranes, discomfort associated with osteoarthritis disorders, and bone loss, and also for supporting cardiovascular health. Clinical studies have exhibited the ability of CF to significantly modulate molecular markers associated with inflammatory mechanisms, mainly on the elevated serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: George Dan
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Mogoşanu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania. andreibita@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biţă
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Ludovic Everard
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bejenaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Vegetal & Animal Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bejenaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Octavian
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Croitoru
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rău
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Otilia-Constantina
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Rogoveanu
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Dan Nicolae
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Florescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Johny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neamţu
authors.affiliation: BioBoron Research Institute, Mirceşti Street, Bldg. M4/1/1, 200506, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Iulia Daria
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Scorei
authors.affiliation: BioBoron Research Institute, Mirceşti Street, Bldg. M4/1/1, 200506, Craiova, Romania.
authors.forename: Romulus Ion
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Scorei
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001881:Borates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001881:Borates; C507177:calcium fructoborate; D005632:Fructose
keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; Calcium fructoborate; Cardiovascular health; Clinical studies; Cytokines; Sugar-borate esters