title: Interferon gamma effect on immune mediator production in human nerve cells infected by two strains of Toxoplasma gondii.
abstract: Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is the major immune mediator that prevents toxoplasmic encephalitis in murine models. The lack of IFN-γ secretion causes reactivation of latent T. gondii infection that may confer a risk for severe toxoplasmic encephalitis. We analyse the effect of IFN-γ on immune mediator production and parasite multiplication in human nerve cells infected by tachyzoites of two T. gondii strains (RH and PRU). IFN-γ decreased the synthesis of MCP-1, G-CSF, GM-CSF and Serpin E1 in all cell types. It decreased IL-6, migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and GROα synthesis only in endothelial cells, while it increased sICAM and Serpin E1 synthesis only in neurons. The PRU strain burden increased in all nerve cells and in contrast, RH strain replication was controlled in IFN-γ-stimulated microglial and endothelial cells but not in IFN-γ-stimulated neurons. The proliferation of the PRU strain in all stimulated cells could be a specific effect of this strain on the host cell.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Limoges, UMR-S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, 87000 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Nour
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mammari
authors.affiliation: Univ. Limoges, UMR-S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, 87000 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vignoles
authors.affiliation: UMR CNRS 7276, FR 3503 GEIST, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Mohamad Adnan
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Halabi
authors.affiliation: Univ. Limoges, UMR-S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, 87000 Limoges, France - CHU Limoges, Department of Parasitology, and Biological Resource Centre for Toxoplasma, 87000 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dardé
authors.affiliation: Univ. Limoges, UMR-S 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, 87000 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Courtioux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000469:parasitology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D016781:Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D007371:Interferon-gamma