title: Isolation of bergenin from the root bark of Securinega virosa and evaluation of its potential sleep promoting effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Securinega virosa Roxb (Ex Willd) Baill (Euphorbaiceae) root bark has been reportedly used in African traditional medicine in the management of mental illnesses. Previously, the sleep-inducing potential of the crude methanol root bark of Securinega virosa extract and its butanol fraction have been reported. The study aimed to isolate and characterize the bioactive constituent that may be responsible for the sleep inducing property of the root of the plant.
  
  
  METHODS
  The phytochemical investigation of the S. virosa root bark was carried out leading to the isolation of a compound from the butanol-soluble fraction of the methanol extract. The structure of the compound was elucidated on the basis of its spectral data, including IR, 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry as well as X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound was investigated for sleep-inducing potential using diazepam-induced sleeping time test and beam walking assay in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This is the first report on the isolation of bergenin from the root of the plant. It significantly decreased the mean onset of sleep [F (2, 15) =7.167; p< 0.01] at the dose of 10 mg/kg, without significantly affecting the total sleep duration [F (2, 15) = 0.090, p=0.914]. Conversely, it did not significantly affect the number of foot slips at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bergenin isolated from the root bark of S. virosa possesses sleep-inducing property and could be partly responsible for the sedative potential of the root of S. virosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria.
authors.forename: Mohammed Garba
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Magaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria.
authors.forename: Aliyu Muhammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto-Nigeria.
authors.forename: Musa Ismail
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Abdullahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria.
authors.forename: Jamilu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ya'u
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri-Nigeria ; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Isa Marte
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Hussaini
keywords: Bergenin; Isocoumarin; Securinega virosa; Sleep