title: Defining the therapeutic time window for suppressing the inflammatory prostaglandin E2 signaling after status epilepticus.
abstract: Neuroinflammation is a common feature in nearly all neurological and some psychiatric disorders. Resembling its extraneural counterpart, neuroinflammation can be both beneficial and detrimental depending on the responding molecules. The overall effect of inflammation on disease progression is highly dependent on the extent of inflammatory mediator production and the duration of inflammatory induction. The time-dependent aspect of inflammatory responses suggests that the therapeutic time window for quelling neuroinflammation might vary with molecular targets and injury types. Therefore, it is important to define the therapeutic time window for anti-inflammatory therapeutics, as contradicting or negative results might arise when different treatment regimens are utilized even in similar animal models. Herein, we discuss a few critical factors that can help define the therapeutic time window and optimize treatment paradigm for suppressing the cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin-mediated inflammation after status epilepticus. These determinants should also be relevant to other anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies for the CNS diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , United States.
authors.forename: Yifeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , United States.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , United States.
authors.forename: Jiange
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , United States.
authors.forename: Jianxiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000276:immunology*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000276:immunology; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D061665:Time-to-Treatment
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D011453:Prostaglandins; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone
keywords: Status epilepticus; anti-inflammatory therapeutics; cyclooxygenase; cytokine; epilepsy; interleukin; neuroinflammation; neuronal injury; prostaglandin; seizure; therapeutic time window