title: Changes in Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Fragile Adults over Fifty Years of Age and in Elderly People Exclusively Fed Enteral Nutrition.
abstract: We aim to evaluate whether exclusive feeding of an enteral formula enriched with n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) affects oxidative stress and the antioxidant defence system and may improve the levels of some relevant inflammatory, and cardiovascular biomarkers in frail adults over fifty years of age and in elderly subjects. Fifty-five patients were divided into two groups and were exclusively fed a newly designed normoproteic and isocaloric enteral formula enriched with eicosapentaenoic (98 mg/d) and docosahexaenoic acids (46 mg/d) (n = 26) or a reference enteral diet (n = 29). Oxidative, inflammatory and cardiovascular risk biomarkers and red blood cell fatty acid profiles were determined at the beginning and after 90 and 180 days of feeding. The n-3 LC-PUFA percentage tended to be higher (P = 0.053) in the experimental group than in the reference group. Administration of the n-3 LC-PUFA diet did not increase oxidative stress or modify plasma antioxidant capacity but decreased antioxidant enzymatic activities. MMP-9 plasma concentration decreased with both formulae, whereas tPAI-1 tended to decrease (P = 0.116) with the administration of the experimental formula. In conclusion, administration of the new n-3 LC-PUFA-enriched product for 6 months did not negatively alter the oxidative status and improved some cardiovascular risk biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, Health Science Technological Park, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mesa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, Health Science Technological Park, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Josune
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olza
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, Health Science Technological Park, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Anton
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, Health Science Technological Park, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Concepcion M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moreno-Torres
authors.affiliation: Vegenat, S.A. Research and Development Department, Ctra Badajoz-Montijo, km 24,9, Pueblonuevo del Guadiana, 06184 Badajoz, Spain.
authors.forename: Africa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perez de la Cruz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, Health Science Technological Park, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Azahara I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Ruperez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, Health Science Technological Park, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008055:Lipids; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9