title: The Regulation of the AdcR Regulon in Streptococcus pneumoniae Depends Both on Zn(2+)- and Ni(2+)-Availability.
abstract: By using a transcriptomic approach, we have elucidated the effect of Ni(2+) on the global gene expression of S. pneumoniae D39 by identifying several differentially expressed genes/operons in the presence of a high extracellular concentration of Ni(2+). The genes belonging to the AdcR regulon (adcRCBA, adcAII-phtD, phtA, phtB, and phtE) and the PsaR regulon (pcpA, prtA, and psaBCA) were highly upregulated in the presence of Ni(2+). We have further studied the role of Ni(2+) in the regulation of the AdcR regulon by using ICP-MS analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transcriptional lacZ-reporter studies, and demonstrate that Ni(2+) is directly involved in the derepression of the AdcR regulon via the Zn(2+)-dependent repressor AdcR, and has an opposite effect on the expression of the AdcR regulon compared to Zn(2+).
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands ; Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Manzoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands ; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sulman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shafeeq
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands ; Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Oscar P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Kuipers
mesh_terms: D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D009532:Nickel / Q000378:metabolism*; D018085:Regulon; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009532:Nickel; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D015032:Zinc
keywords: AdcR; AdcR regulon; Pht family proteins; PsaR regulon; metal homeostasis; nickel; pneumococcus; zinc