title: Evaluation of shear bond strength of veneering ceramics and zirconia fabricated by the digital veneering method.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of veneering ceramic and zirconia fabricated by the digital veneering method.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 specimens were fabricated, i.e., 10 specimens each for the metal-ceramic (control) group and the four zirconia groups. The zirconia groups comprised specimens fabricated by the digital veneering method, the heat pressing method, and hand layering method for two groups, respectively. Furthermore, the shear bond strength was measured with a universal testing machine (Model 3345, Instron, Canton, MA, USA) and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA set at a significance level of P<0.05. The corresponding mode of failure was determined from Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM JSM 6701F, Jeol Ltd., Japan) observations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the metal-ceramic group had the highest SBS (43.62MPa), followed by the digital veneering method (28.29MPa), the heat pressing method (18.89MPa), and the layering method (18.65, 17.21MPa). The samples fabricated by digital veneering had a significantly higher SBS than the other zirconia samples (P<0.05). All of the samples exhibited mixed failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Veneering ceramic with a zirconia core that was fabricated via the digital veneering method is believed to be effective in clinical use since, its shear bond strength is significantly higher than that resulting from the conventional method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wan-Sun
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kjh2804@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ji-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School & BK21+ Program in Public Health Science, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woong-Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003801:Dental Veneers; D008422:Materials Testing; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: Digital veneering method; Heat pressing method; Layering method; Shear bond strength; Zirconia core