title: Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Integrated with a Surface Acoustic Wave Technique for Detection of Sulfamethizole.
abstract: The synergistic effect of combining molecular imprinting and surface acoustic wave (SAW) technologies for the selective and label-free detection of sulfamethizole as a model antibiotic in aqueous environment was demonstrated. A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for sulfamethizole (SMZ) selective recognition was prepared in the form of a homogeneous thin film on the sensing surfaces of SAW chip by oxidative electropolymerization of m-phenylenediamine (mPD) in the presence of SMZ, acting as a template. Special attention was paid to the rational selection of the functional monomer using computational and spectroscopic approaches. SMZ template incorporation and its subsequent release from the polymer was supported by IR microscopic measurements. Precise control of the thicknesses of the SMZ-MIP and respective nonimprinted reference films (NIP) was achieved by correlating the electrical charge dosage during electrodeposition with spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in order to ensure accurate interpretation of label-free responses originating from the MIP modified sensor. The fabricated SMZ-MIP films were characterized in terms of their binding affinity and selectivity toward the target by analyzing the binding kinetics recorded using the SAW system. The SMZ-MIPs had SMZ binding capacity approximately more than eight times higher than the respective NIP and were able to discriminate among structurally similar molecules, i.e., sulfanilamide and sulfadimethoxine. The presented approach for the facile integration of a sulfonamide antibiotic-sensing layer with SAW technology allowed observing the real-time binding events of the target molecule at nanomolar concentration levels and could be potentially suitable for cost-effective fabrication of a multianalyte chemosensor for analysis of hazardous pollutants in an aqueous environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Akinrinade George
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ayankojo
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Aleksei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tretjakov
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Jekaterina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reut
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boroznjak
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Öpik
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Institut für Silizium-Photovoltaik , Kekuléstr. 5, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rappich
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. , Schwarzschildstraße 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furchner
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. , Schwarzschildstraße 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hinrichs
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
authors.forename: Vitali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Syritski
mesh_terms: D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000295:instrumentation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013016:Sound; D013419:Sulfamethizole / Q000032:analysis*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D013419:Sulfamethizole