title: Age affects not only metabolome but also metal toxicity in Scenedesmus quadricauda cultures.
abstract: Responses of Scenedesmus quadricauda grown in vitro and differing in age (old culture-13 months, young culture-1 month) to short-term cadmium (Cd) or nickel (Ni) excess (24h) were compared. Higher age of the culture led to lower amount of chlorophylls, ascorbic acid and glutathione but higher signal of ROS. Surprisingly, sucrose was detected using DART-Orbitrap MS in both old and young culture and subsequent quantification confirmed its higher amount (ca. 3-times) in the old culture. Cd affected viability and ROS amount more negatively than Ni that could arise from excessive Cd uptake which was also higher in all treatments than in respective Ni counterparts. Surprisingly, nitric oxide was not extensively different in response to age or metals. Strong induction of phytochelatin 2 is certainly Cd-specific response while Ni also elevated ascorbate content. Krebs cycle acids were more accumulated in the young culture but they were rather elevated in the old culture (citric acid under Ni excess). We conclude that organic solid 'Milieu Bristol' medium we tested is suitable for long-term storage of unicellular green algae (also successfully tested for Coccomyxa sp. and Parachlorella sp.) and the impact of age on metal uptake may be useful for bioremediation purposes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: jozkovacik@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kováčik
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Bořivoj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klejdus
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Babula
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hedbavny
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects; D009532:Nickel / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D054811:Phytochelatins / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D044444:Scenedesmus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002104:Cadmium; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009532:Nickel; D054811:Phytochelatins
keywords: Aging; Antioxidants; Confocal microscopy; DART-Orbitrap MS; Oxidative stress