title: Extraneural Glioblastoma Multiforme Vertebral Metastasis.
abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor; however, extraneural metastasis is uncommon. Of those that metastasize extraneurally, metastases to the vertebral bodies represent a significant proportion. We present a review of 28 cases from the published literature of GBM metastasis to the vertebra. The mean age at presentation was 38.4 years with an average overall survival of 26 months. Patients were either asymptomatic with metastasis discovered at autopsy or presented with varying degrees of pain, weakness of the extremities, or other neurologic deficits. Of the cases that included the time to spinal metastasis, the average time was 26.4 months with a reported survival of 10 months after diagnosis of vertebral metastasis. A significant number of patients had no treatments for their spinal metastasis, although the intracranial lesions were treated extensively with surgery and/or adjuvant therapy. With increasing incremental gains in the survival of patients with GBM, clinicians will encounter patients with extracranial metastasis. As such, this review presents timely information concerning the presentation and outcomes of patients with vertebral metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Electronic address: rory@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: C Rory
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abu-Bonsrah
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Alia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hdeib
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosztowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Chetan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bettegowda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laterra
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sciubba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D016206:Databases, Bibliographic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013120:Spinal Cord Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D013131:Spine / Q000473:pathology; D016019:Survival Analysis
keywords: Extracranial; Extraneural; Glioblastoma; Glioma; Metastasis; Spinal; Vertebral