title: Microglia and astrocyte activation in the frontal cortex of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
abstract: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a widely used animal model for the human disease multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating and neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system. Both diseases share physiopathological and clinical characteristics, mainly associated with a neuroinflammatory process that leads to a set of motor, sensory, and cognitive symptoms. In MS, gray matter atrophy is related to the emergence of cognitive deficits and contributes to clinical progression. In particular, injury and dysfunction in certain areas of the frontal cortex (FrCx) have been related to the development of cognitive impairments with high incidence, like central fatigue and executive dysfunction. In the present work we show the presence of region-specific microglia and astrocyte activation in the FrCx, during the first hours of acute EAE onset. It is accompanied by the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, in the absence of detectable leukocyte infiltration. These findings expand previous studies showing presynaptic neural dysfunction occurring at the FrCx and might contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the genesis and prevalence of common MS symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET-UNC), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: nchanaday@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Chanaday
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET-UNC), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: garoth@fcq.unc.edu.ar.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: astrocytes; cytokines; microglia; multiple sclerosis; neuroinflammation