title: Diacetylenes with Ionic-Liquid-Like Substituents: Associating a Polymerizing Cation with a Polymerizing Anion in a Single Precursor for the Synthesis of N-Doped Carbon Materials.
abstract: Imidazolium- and benzimidazolium-substituted diacetylenes with bromide or nitrogen-rich dicyanamide and tricyanomethanide anions were synthesized and used as precursors for the preparation of N-doped carbon materials. On pyrolysis under argon at 800 °C both halide precursors afforded graphite-like structures with nitrogen contents of about 8.5%. When the dicyanamide and tricyanomethanide precursors were thermolyzed at the same temperature, graphite-like structures were obtained that exhibit nitrogen contents in the range 17-20 wt%; thereby, the benefit of associating a polymerizing cation with a polymerizing anion in a single precursor was demonstrated. On pyrolysis at 1100 °C the nitrogen contents of the latter pyrolysates remain high (ca. 6 wt%). Adsorption measurements with krypton at 77 K indicated that the materials are nonporous. The highest electrical conductivity was observed for a pyrolysate with one of the lowest nitrogen contents, which also has the highest degree of graphitization. Thus, the quest for N-rich carbons with high electrical conductivities should include both maximization of the nitrogen content and optimization of the degree of graphitization. Crystallographic investigation of the precursors and spectroscopic characterization of the pyrolysates prepared by heating at 220 °C indicate that construction of the final carbon framework does not involve the intermediate formation of a polydiacetylene.
authors.affiliation: Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Equipe CMOS, Université Montpellier 2, CC 1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fahsi
authors.affiliation: Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Equipe CMOS, Université Montpellier 2, CC 1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dumail
authors.affiliation: Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Equipe CMOS, Université Montpellier 2, CC 1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France. dutremez@univ-montp2.fr.
authors.forename: Sylvain G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Dutremez
authors.affiliation: Institut Européen des Membranes, CNRS-UMR 5635, Université Montpellier II, Case, Courrier 047, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Lee
authors.affiliation: Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Equipe CMOS, Université Montpellier 2, CC 1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vioux
authors.affiliation: Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1, Equipe CMOS, Université Montpellier 2, CC 1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier CEDEX 5, France. lydie.viau@univ-fcomte.fr.|Institut UTINAM, UMR CNRS 6213, Equipe MSS, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, France. lydie.viau@univ-fcomte.fr.
authors.forename: Lydie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Viau
keywords: alkynes; azolium compounds; carbon; cyanides; nitrogen doping