title: Le Fort II Setback Osteotomy to Correct Naso-Ethmoido-Maxillary Protrusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marked class II dentofacial deformity associated with centrofacial protrusion may be difficult to treat successfully. The purpose of this article was to report on Le Fort II setback osteotomy (LIISBO) to correct Naso-Ethmoido-Maxillary Protrusion (NEMP), to describe its indications and surgical techniques, and to analyze aesthetic and occlusal changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 2011 to November 2014, patients with NEMP, treated with LIISBO, were included in the study. Cephalometric analysis of Delaire was performed before and 1 year after surgery. Skeletal and soft tissues movements were measured between preoperative and postoperative lateral cephalographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients were treated in our department by LIISBO. Ten patients were analyzed and presented a stable class I occlusion with reliable aesthetic results. The mean maxillary setback was -2.8 mm at nasopalatal point (Np), -3.1 mm at A point, and -3.7 mm at Pti (inferior pterygomaxilar point). The mean maxillary impaction was -2.4 mm at Np, -3 mm at A point, and -0.6 mm at Pti. The B, mental, and pogonion points showed an advancement with an average of +7.4, +7.9, and +7.7 mm, respectively. Measured soft tissues variations showed a backward movement of the nasal tip, the subnasal point, and the upper lip of -1.5, -1.6, and -0.7 mm, respectively. The lower lip, sublabial point, and the skin pogonion were advanced by +3.2, +5.4, and +6.2 mm, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Le Fort II setback osteotomy may be regarded as the ideal treatment for adult patient presenting a NEMP syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Roger Salengro Hospital, Lille 2 University, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konopnicki
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nicot
authors.forename: Gwenael
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raoul
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002680:Chin / Q000473:pathology; D063169:Dentofacial Deformities / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D063172:Genioplasty / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000601:surgery; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000379:methods; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D009666:Nose / Q000473:pathology; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000379:methods*; D059229:Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult