title: Inflammation and Hemostatic Activation may Contribute to Postsurgical Thrombosis in Patients With Bladder Cancer.
abstract: The alterations of the inflammatory and thrombotic components in patients with cancer are not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to profile markers of inflammation and thrombotic activation specifically in the patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. For this study, 134 samples were collected from patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Antiphospholipid antibodies (immunoglobulin G subtype), microparticles, and antiglycosaminoglycan antibodies were measured with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. These biomarkers were compared in patients with bladder cancer and normal individuals (n = 20). Patients had an average value of 6.7 ± 11.9 ng/mL (median: 2.8, confidence interval: 4.69-8.75, andPvalue: .0038) of antiphospholipid antibodies versus normal individuals 1.96 ± 0.9 ng/mL (median: 1.8 and confidence interval: 1.5-2.35). Microparticles level in patients was 8.31 ± 6.14 ng/mL, (median: 6.1, confidence interval: 7.26-9.37, andPvalue: <.0001) versus normal individuals 3.57 ± 2.34 ng/mL (median: 2.85 and confidence interval: 2.476-4.664). The antiglycosaminoglycan antibodies in patients had an average value of 0.22 ± 0.1 optical density (OD; median: 0.2, confidence interval: 0.21-0.24, andPvalue: .0213) compared to normal individuals 0.25 ± 0.08 OD (median: 0.25 and confidence interval: 0.22-0.23). The correlation of antiglycosaminoglycan antibodies with antiphospholipid antibodies showed Spearmanrvalue = .2364 (95% confidence interval: 0.05-0.4 andPvalue .009). The correlation of antiglycosaminoglycan antibodies versus microparticles showed Spearmanr= -.195 (95% confidence interval: 0.37-0.01 andPvalue .0321). These data suggest that patients with bladder cancer have subclinical activation of thrombotic and inflammatory processes that may be further exacerbated by surgical procedures and lead to venous thromboembolism-related complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA sabro@luc.edu.
authors.forename: Schuharazad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Guliz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoppensteadt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jawed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fareed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wojick
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quek
mesh_terms: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: anti-glycosaminoglycan antibodies; antiphospholipid antibodies; microparticles; radical cystectomy