title: Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1α Induces Accumulation of Intraveneously Administered Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells in the Partially Obstructed Rat Bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the time course of the stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF1α) expression and behavior of intravenously administered bone marrow-derived stromal (BMS) cells in the urinary bladder of partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study 1: Recombinant SDF1α or saline was directly injected into the bladder wall of female rats followed by intravenous administration of BMS cells isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic rats. The bladder was examined with immunohistochemistry to determine whether SDF1α would enhance migration of BMS cells to the bladder. Study 2: Following surgery of PBOO or sham in female rats, bladders were removed on days 1-14, and expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and SDF1α were examined with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine if PBOO preferentially increased their expression. Study 3: Female rats underwent PBOO or sham surgery followed by intravenous administration of GFP-positive BMS cells. Bladders were examined with immunohistochemistry on days 1-14 to determine whether BMS cells preferentially accumulated in the bladder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMS cells were accumulated in the injection site of SDF1α but not saline in the bladder. SDF1α and HIF1α increased at day 1 after PBOO compared to sham. More BMS cells accumulated in the bladder of PBOO on day 1, and some BMS cells expressed smooth muscle phenotypes by day 14.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SDF1α induced with ischemia/hypoxia due to PBOO is implicated in the accumulation of BMS cells in the bladder and regeneration of the bladder for PBOO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitta
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nonomura
keywords: bladder outlet obstruction; bone marrow-derived stromal cell; hypoxia inducible factor 1α; regeneration; stromal cell-derived factor 1α