title: Effects of soil properties on copper toxicity to earthworm Eisenia fetida in 15 Chinese soils.
abstract: The bioavailability and toxicity of metals in soil are influenced by a variety of soil properties, and this principle should be recognized in establishing soil environmental quality criteria. In the present study, the uptake and toxicity of Cu to the earthworm Eisenia fetida in 15 Chinese soils with various soil properties were investigated, and regression models for predicting Cu toxicity across soils were developed. The results showed that earthworm survival and body weight change were less sensitive to Cu than earthworm cocoon production. The soil Cu-based median effective concentrations (EC50s) for earthworm cocoon production varied from 27.7 to 383.7 mg kg(-1) among 15 Chinese soils, representing approximately 14-fold variation. Soil cation exchange capacity and organic carbon content were identified as key factors controlling Cu toxicity to earthworm cocoon production, and simple and multiple regression models were developed for predicting Cu toxicity across soils. Tissue Cu-based EC50s for earthworm cocoon production were also calculated and varied from 15.5 to 62.5 mg kg(-1) (4-fold variation). Compared to the soil Cu-based EC50s for cocoon production, the tissue Cu-based EC50s had less variation among soils, indicating that metals in tissue were more relevant to toxicity than metals in soil and hence represented better measurements of bioavailability.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Xiongwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Youya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China. Electronic address: yanzg@craes.org.cn.
authors.forename: Zengguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Chaoyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address: guikuichen@scau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guikui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Fasheng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002681:China; D003300:Copper / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D003300:Copper
keywords: Bioavailability; Copper; Earthworm; Soil property; Toxicity