title: The Role of Language Use in Reports of Musculoskeletal Pain Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Adolescents.
abstract: This study examined the role of English language use in the reported frequency of musculoskeletal pain among Hispanic and non-Hispanic White youth.
  
  
  
  This is a secondary data analysis using a cross-sectional sample of 12,189 Hispanic and non-Hispanic White adolescents recruited for the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Respondents were classified into three groups: (a) English-speaking non-Hispanic Whites, (b) English-speaking Hispanics, and (c) Spanish-speaking Hispanics.
  
  
  
  After controlling for body mass index and demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral variables, Spanish-speaking Hispanics reported the least frequent musculoskeletal pain ( OR = 0.415, 95% CI [0.361, 0.477]; p < .001), followed by English-speaking Hispanics ( OR = 0.773, 95% CI [0.690, 0.865]; p < .001).
  
  
  
  The experience of musculoskeletal pain is a physiological as well as a cultural phenomenon.
  
  
  
  Health care providers should consider the role of language use in reports of pain in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White adolescents.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.|2 Washington State University, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zamora-Kapoor
authors.affiliation: 2 Washington State University, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omidpanah
authors.affiliation: 3 Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monico
authors.affiliation: 2 Washington State University, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Dedra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buchwald
authors.affiliation: 2 Washington State University, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: 3 Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Nathalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jimenez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003144:Communication Barriers; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D057566:Self Report; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Hispanic; adolescent; language use; musculoskeletal pain; non-Hispanic White; risk factors