title: Levamisole promotes murine bone marrow derived dendritic cell activation and drives Th1 immune response in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Our lab previously found that levamisole (LMS) as an adjuvant enhanced the efficacy of vaccine against infectious pathogens. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain to be defined. In this study, we showed that BALB/c bone marrow-derived DC stimulated with LMS resulted in enhanced cell-surface expression of CD80, CD86, CD40 and MHC class II, as well as enhanced production of IL-12p70, TNF-α and IL-1β. Interestingly, the LMS activated DCs were able to stimulate CD4(+) T cell proliferation and facilitated Th1 differentiation by increasing the secretion of IFN-γ in an allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction. Furthermore, to confirm the in vitro data, we investigated the effect of LMS on antigen-specific antibody and cytokine production in BALB/c mice. Immunization with LMS plus OVA showed that anti-OVA IgG2a and IFN-γ were increased significantly compared with OVA alone in BALB/c mice. In conclusion, our results suggested that murine bone marrow-derived DC, played a crucial role in the effect of LMS on the induction of Th1 responses, which probably was due to its ability to promote DC maturation and secrete proinflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Yubing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Ziyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: Yongli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruhan
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China. Electronic address: wxiao1978@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007978:Levamisole / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015703:Antigens, CD; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007978:Levamisole
keywords: BMDCs; Levamisole; Th1 immune response