title: Thermosensitive hydrogel for periodontal application: in vitro drug release, antibacterial activity and toxicity evaluation.
abstract: Injectable thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel is an attractive temperature-induced sol-gel solution that is widely used in drug delivery and biomedical applications. In this study, an injectable antimicrobial delivery system for periodontal treatment based on chitosan/gelatin/β-glycerolphosphate solution has been developed. The result of thermal and mechanical evaluations of chitosan/gelatin/β-glycerolphosphate hydrogel showed that adding gelatin to chitosan/β-glycerolphosphate solution significantly decreased gelling time and increased gel strength at 37℃. The antimicrobial agents chosen for release studies were metronidazole with a low molecular weight and vancomycin hydrochloride with a high molecular weight. The initial burst and total in vitro drug release for metronidazole was 13% and 67%, respectively. The initial burst and total drug release for vancomycin hydrochloride was relatively low at 3% and 23%, respectively. The momentary and total percentage of metronidazole accumulated in the phosphate buffer revealed that chitosan/gelatin/β-glycerolphosphate can develop and maintain sustained release of metronidazole in concentrations that are effective for eliminating pathogenic bacteria over time. Cytotoxicity evaluations show that chitosan/gelatin/β-glycerolphosphate thermosensitive hydrogel is a drug carrier with no cytotoxic effects.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Group, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pakzad
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Group, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran fganji@modares.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ganji
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010517:Periodontics / Q000379:methods*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012212:Rheology; D012996:Solutions; D013696:Temperature; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005994:Glycerophosphates; D020100:Hydrogels; D010710:Phosphates; D012996:Solutions; D008795:Metronidazole; D014640:Vancomycin; D005780:Gelatin; D048271:Chitosan; C031463:beta-glycerophosphoric acid
keywords: Sol-gel solution; chitosan; gelatin; injectable; metronidazole