title: Green-synthesised nanoparticles from Melia azedarach seeds and the cyclopoid crustacean Cyclops vernalis: an eco-friendly route to control the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi?
abstract: The impact of green-synthesised mosquitocidal nanoparticles on non-target aquatic predators is poorly studied. In this research, we proposed a single-step method to synthesise silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) using the seed extract of Melia azedarach. Ag NP were characterised using a variety of biophysical methods, including UV-vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In laboratory assays on Anopheles stephensi, Ag NP showed LC50 ranging from 2.897 (I instar larvae) to 14.548 ppm (pupae). In the field, the application of Ag NP (10 × LC50) lead to complete elimination of larval populations after 72 h. The application of Ag NP in the aquatic environment did not show negative adverse effects on predatory efficiency of the mosquito natural enemy Cyclops vernalis. Overall, this study highlights the concrete possibility to employ M. azedarach-synthesised Ag NP on young instars of malaria vectors.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anbu
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Kadarkarai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murugan
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Pari
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Madhiyazhagan
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Devakumar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dinesh
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Jayapal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Chellasamy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Panneerselvam
authors.affiliation: a Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India.
authors.forename: Udaiyan
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.affiliation: b Department of Botany and Microbiology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alarfaj
authors.affiliation: b Department of Botany and Microbiology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Murugan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Munusamy
authors.affiliation: c Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , National Central University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Akon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: d Institute of Marine Biology , National Taiwan Ocean University , Keelung , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiang-Shiou
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: e Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology , University Putra Malaysia , Serdang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: f Department of Environmental Biology , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.affiliation: g Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008288:Malaria / Q000635:transmission*; D031585:Melia / Q000737:chemistry*; D008911:Minocycline; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012834:Silver; D008911:Minocycline
keywords: Biological control; biosafety; cyclopoid crustacean; nanobiotechnology; neem