title: Adult lifetime alcohol consumption and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Meta-analyses report a null association between recent alcohol consumption and ovarian cancer risk. However, because few studies investigated different types of alcohol over adult ages, we investigated adult lifetime and type (beer, wine, spirits) of consumption and risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consumption after age 20years was ascertained in 1144 invasive epithelial ovarian cancer cases and 2513 controls in a population-based case-control study (Alberta and British Columbia, Canada, 2001-2012). Non-drinkers consumed any types of alcohol <12 times per year on average. Logistic regression was use to estimate adjusted odds ratios [aOR] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs].
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wine consumption was associated with a risk reduction (aOR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.50-0.88) relative to non-drinkers, but not beer (aOR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.71-1.58) or spirits (aOR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.69-1.39). The reduced risk was stronger for exclusive red wine drinkers (aOR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.19-0.92) than white wine drinkers (aOR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.46-1.34), although most women drank both types of wine. Risk decreased with increasing cumulative consumption of any wine (P-trend<0.05) and was evident for the serous histotype. Wine consumption initiated prior to age 50 was associated with a risk reduction (e.g., at 40-49years, aOR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.42-0.78), but not drinking initiated after 50years of age. For any type, level, or age at initiation of alcohol consumption, we found no increased risks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the moderate consumption in this study, higher levels of wine consumption were generally associated with risk reductions; reductions may be stronger for red wine. Our results suggest that alcohol consumption that is guideline concordant will not increase epithelial ovarian cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico and UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada. Electronic address: lcook@salud.unm.edu.
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: acyleung@bccrc.ca.
authors.forename: Andy C Y
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: KSwener@bccancer.bc.ca.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swenerton
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: rgallagher@bccrc.ca.
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomic Pathology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA. Electronic address: Anthony.Magliocco@moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magliocco
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Electronic address: Helen.Steed@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steed
authors.affiliation: Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Electronic address: Martin.Koebel@cls.ab.ca.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koebel
authors.affiliation: Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Electronic address: Jill.Nation@albertahealthservices.ca.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nation
authors.affiliation: Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: sieshragh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eshragh
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. Electronic address: abrooks-wilson@bcgsc.ca.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brooks-Wilson
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: nle@bccrc.ca.
authors.forename: Nhu D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Le
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000416:Alberta / Q000453:epidemiology; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001955:British Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult