title: Characterization of the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells from human periodontal ligament based on cell surface markers.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated therapy has been shown to be clinically effective in regenerating tissue defects. For improved regenerative therapy, it is critical to isolate homogenous populations of MSCs with high capacity to differentiate into appropriate tissues. The utilization of stem cell surface antigens provides a means to identify MSCs from various tissues. However, few surface markers that consistently isolate highly regenerative MSCs have been validated, making it challenging for routine clinical applications and making it all the more imperative to identify reliable surface markers. In this study, we used three surface marker combinations: CD51/CD140α, CD271, and STRO-1/CD146 for the isolation of homogenous populations of dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) from heterogeneous periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis revealed that 24% of PDLCs were CD51(+)/CD140α(+), 0.8% were CD271(+), and 2.4% were STRO-1(+)/CD146(+). Sorted cell populations were further assessed for their multipotent properties by inducing osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. All three subsets of isolated DMSCs exhibited differentiation capacity into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages but with varying degrees. CD271(+) DMSCs demonstrated the greatest osteogenic potential with strong induction of osteogenic markers such as DLX5, RUNX2, and BGLAP. Our study provides evidence that surface marker combinations used in this study are sufficient markers for the isolation of DMSCs from PDLCs. These results provide important insight into using specific surface markers for identifying homogenous populations of DMSCs for their improved utilization in regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Hye-Lim
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Cun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.|Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D053674:Aggrecans / Q000032:analysis; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D051929:CD146 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D039564:Integrin alphaV / Q000032:analysis*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000032:analysis*; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis*; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C508319:ACAN protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D053674:Aggrecans; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D051929:CD146 Antigen; C499177:COL2A1 protein, human; D024043:Collagen Type II; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C100596:DLX5 protein, human; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D039564:Integrin alphaV; C497902:MCAM protein, human; C484065:NGFR protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; C525591:STRO-1 antigen, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; C428703:LRBA protein, human; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha