title: Automated quantitative analysis to assess motor function in different rat models of impaired coordination and ataxia.
abstract: An objective and automated method for assessing alterations in gait and motor coordination in different animal models is important for proper gait analysis. The CatWalk system has been used in pain research, ischemia, arthritis, spinal cord injury and some animal models for neurodegenerative diseases.
  
  
  
  Our goals were to obtain a comprehensive gait analysis of three different rat models and to identify which motor coordination parameters are affected and are the most suitable and sensitive to describe and detect ataxia with a secondary focus on possible training effects.
  
  
  
  Both static and dynamic parameters showed significant differences in all three models: enriched housed rats show higher walking and swing speed and longer stride length, ethanol-induced ataxia affects mainly the hind part of the body, and the SCA17 rats show coordination disturbances. Coordination changes were revealed only in the case of the ethanol-induced ataxia and the SCA17 rat model. Although training affected some gait parameters, it did not obscure group differences when those were present.
  
  
  
  To our knowledge, a comparative gait assessment in rats with enriched housing conditions, ethanol-induced ataxia and SCA17 has not been presented before.
  
  
  
  There is no gold standard for the use of CatWalk. Dependent on the specific effects expected, the protocol can be adjusted. By including all sessions in the analysis, any training effect should be detectable and the development of the performance over the sessions can provide insight in effects attributed to intervention, treatment or injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Noldus Information Technology BV, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Delta Phenomics B.V., Schaijk, The Netherlands; Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: Elisavet-Ioanna.Kyriakou@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Elisavet I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Kyriakou
authors.affiliation: Delta Phenomics B.V., Schaijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: van der Kieft
authors.affiliation: Delta Phenomics B.V., Schaijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Raymond C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: de Heer
authors.affiliation: Noldus Information Technology BV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spink
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Huu Phuc
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Judith R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Homberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Noldus Information Technology BV, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Delta Phenomics B.V., Schaijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johanneke E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: van der Harst
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001259:Ataxia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004777:Environment; D004867:Equipment Design; D000431:Ethanol; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008297:Male; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012201:Reward
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Ataxia; Automated gait analysis; Ethanol; Motor coordination impairment; SCA17; Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17; Transgenic rat model