title: Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Transplantation Restores Inflammatory Balance of Cytokines after ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) launches an inflammatory response and a repair process to compensate cardiac function. During this process, the balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is important for optimal cardiac repair. Stem cell transplantation after AMI improves tissue repair and increases the ventricular ejection fraction. Here, we studied in detail the acute effect of bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) transplantation on proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with STEMI treated with thrombolysis followed by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly assigned to receive either BMMNC or saline as an intracoronary injection. Cardiac function was evaluated by left ventricle angiogram during the PCI and again after 6 months. The concentrations of 27 cytokines were measured from plasma samples up to 4 days after the PCI and the intracoronary injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six patients (control group, n = 12; BMMNC group, n = 14) from the previously reported FINCELL study (n = 80) were included to this study. At day 2, the change in the proinflammatory cytokines correlated with the change in the anti-inflammatory cytokines in both groups (Kendall's tau, control 0.6; BMMNC 0.7). At day 4, the correlation had completely disappeared in the control group but was preserved in the BMMNC group (Kendall's tau, control 0.3; BMMNC 0.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMMNC transplantation is associated with preserved balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after STEMI in PCI-treated patients. This may partly explain the favorable effect of stem cell transplantation after AMI.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Clinic, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Kirsi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alestalo
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Johanna A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Miettinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vuolteenaho
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huikuri
authors.affiliation: Surgery Clinic, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lehenkari
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D064592:Autografts; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators