title: Human Enteroids/Colonoids and Intestinal Organoids Functionally Recapitulate Normal Intestinal Physiology and Pathophysiology.
abstract: Identification of Lgr5 as the intestinal stem cell marker as well as the growth factors necessary to replicate adult intestinal stem cell division has led to the establishment of the methods to generate "indefinite" ex vivo primary intestinal epithelial cultures, termed "mini-intestines." Primary cultures developed from isolated intestinal crypts or stem cells (termed enteroids/colonoids) and from inducible pluripotent stem cells (termed intestinal organoids) are being applied to study human intestinal physiology and pathophysiology with great expectations for translational applications, including regenerative medicine. Here we discuss the physiologic properties of these cultures, their current use in understanding diarrhea-causing host-pathogen interactions, and potential future applications.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Nicholas C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Zachos
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kovbasnjuk
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foulke-Abel
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: In
authors.affiliation: the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Blutt
authors.affiliation: the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3000CA, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hugo R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: de Jonge
authors.affiliation: the Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and.
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, mdonowit@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donowitz
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009940:Organoids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; C116884:LGR5 protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: differentiation; enteroid; induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell) (iPSC); intestinal epithelium; lgr5; organoid; stem cells; transport