title: Intestinal Microbiota Signatures Associated with Inflammation History in Mice Experiencing Recurring Colitis.
abstract: Acute colitis causes alterations in the intestinal microbiota, but the microbiota is thought to recover after such events. Extreme microbiota alterations are characteristic of human chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, although alterations reported in different studies are divergent and sometimes even contradictory. To better understand the impact of periodic disturbances on the intestinal microbiota and its compositional difference between acute and relapsing colitis, we investigated the beginnings of recurrent inflammation using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) mouse model of chemically induced colitis. Using bacterial 16S rRNA gene-targeted pyrosequencing as well as quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization, we profiled the intestinal and stool microbiota of mice over the course of three rounds of DSS-induced colitis and recovery. We found that characteristic inflammation-associated microbiota could be detected in recovery-phase mice. Successive inflammation episodes further drove the microbiota into an increasingly altered composition post-inflammation, and signatures of colitis history were detectable in the microbiota more sensitively than by pathology analysis. Bacterial indicators of murine colitis history were identified in intestinal and stool samples, with a high degree of consistency between both sample types. Stool may therefore be a promising non-invasive source of bacterial biomarkers that are highly sensitive to inflammation state and history.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Orest
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kuzyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rauch
authors.affiliation: Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heider
authors.affiliation: Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Clarissa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schwab
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hainzl
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strobl
authors.affiliation: Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schleper
authors.affiliation: Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urich
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research Vienna, Austria ; Department of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kenner
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loy
keywords: Akkermansia; Bacteroides; DSS; FISH; IBD; Mucispirillum; colitis