title: IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF A DYNAMIC ROTATION-SPECIFIC WARM-UP ON X-FACTOR AND X-FACTOR STRETCH IN THE AMATEUR GOLFER.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent evidence suggests performing a warm-up prior to golf can improve performance and reduce injuries. While some characteristics of effective golf warm-ups have been determined, no studies have explored the immediate effects of a rotational-specific warm-up with elements of motor control on the biomechanical aspects of the full X-Factor and X-Factor Stretch during the golf swing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six amateur golfers (mean ± SD age: 64 ± 8 years old; 75% male) were randomized into a Dynamic Rotation-Specific Warm-up group (n=20), or a Sham Warm-up group (n=16). X-Factor and X-Factor Stretch were measured at baseline and immediately following the warm-up. Mixed model ANCOVAs were used to determine if a Group*Time interaction existed for each variable with group as the between-subjects variable and time as the within-subjects variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mixed model ANCOVAs did not reveal a statistically significant group*time interaction for X-Factor or X-Factor Stretch. There was not a significant main effect for time for X-Factor but there was for X-Factor Stretch. These results indicate that neither group had a significant effect on improving X-Factor, however performing either warm-up increased X-Factor Stretch without significant difference between the two.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that performing the Dynamic Rotation-Specific Warm-up did not increase X-Factor or X-Factor Stretch when controlled for age compared to the Sham Warm-up. Further study is needed to determine the long-term effects of the Dynamic Rotation-Specific Warm-up on performance factors of the golf swing while examining across all ages.
  
  
  METHODS
  2b.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berglund
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.affiliation: LifeForce Physical Therapy, Wilmington, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Locke
keywords: Golf; X‐factor; X‐factor stretch; motor control; warm‐up