title: The role of elective superficial parotidectomy in the treatment of temporal region squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to determine rates of metastasis and efficacy of elective superficial parotidectomy, we examine parotid specimens in patients with temporal region cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma treated with local excision and ipsilateral parotidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This paper is a retrospective review.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted at a private tertiary referral practice in Fort Worth, Texas, from 1998 to 2013.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three patients between ages 27 and 98 with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal region greater than or equal to 2 cm were included in this study. Subjects had no evidence of adenopathy or parotid involvement on exam or imaging. Patients were treated with local excision and ipsilateral parotidectomy. The primary tumor was studied for vascular involvement and perineural invasion while the parotid specimen was analyzed for occult cancer. Patients were post-operatively followed for a minimum of three years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three (24.7 %) parotid samples were found to harbor occult malignancy. Of these, nine (39.1 %) patients had vascular involvement of the primary tumor and 14 (60.8 %) had perineural invasion. Thirteen out of 58 affected males and 10 out of 35 affected females were found to have intraparotid node positivity. Vascular involvement (p = 0.0004) and perineural invasion (p = 0.0001) in the primary malignancy were found to be greater in patients with positive specimen. Sex was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal region at least 2 cm in size, elective superficial parotidectomy may be a beneficial part of treatment, especially in primary tumors showing perineural and/or vascular involvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level 2b (retrospective cohort).
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Sameep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadakia
authors.affiliation: Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, 923 Pennsylvania Avenue, Suite 100, Fort Worth, TX, 76104, USA. yducic@sbcglobal.net.
authors.forename: Yadranko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ducic
authors.affiliation: Mohs Surgery Private Practice, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.affiliation: Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, 923 Pennsylvania Avenue, Suite 100, Fort Worth, TX, 76104, USA.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010307:Parotid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Carcinoma; Cutaneous; Squamous; Temporal