title: Inhibition of oxidative stress in brain during rat adjuvant arthritis by carnosine, trolox and novel trolox-carnosine.
abstract: Carnosine (CARN) is an anti-glycating agent able to quench superoxide, and to neutralize 4-hydroxynonenal. Trolox-carnosine (CARN-T) was synthesized because of its resistance against degradation and to improve CARN antioxidant capacity. We evaluated the impact of trolox (TRO), CARN and its derivative CARN-T on oxidative stress (OS) in brain during rat adjuvant arthritis (AA). The experiments were done on healthy, control arthritic and arthritic animals with administration of CARN 150 mg/kg b.w., TRO 41 mg/kg b.w. and CARN-T 75 mg/kg b.w. in a daily dose during 28 days. Antioxidants did not affect the body weight on day 14, but on day 28 TRO enhanced the weight reduction. On day 14 and 28 CARN-T and TRO reduced arthritic score. IL-1beta, MCP-1 and MMP-9 were measured in plasma on day 14. MCP-1 was decreased by CARN-T and TRO. All antioxidants reduced IL-1beta and MMP-9 levels. Malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal and protein carbonyls were increased in brain. CARN, CARN-T and TRO prevented higher lipid and protein oxidation in brain. CARN and CARN-T caused no weight reduction like TRO that has an advantage in inflammatory arthritis. Moreover the antioxidants administered had a similar therapeutic effects on arthritic score, markers of inflammation in plasma and OS in brain.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. katarina.bauerova@savba.sk.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poništ
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Slovák
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kuncírová
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fedorova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Logvinenko
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muzychuk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mihalová
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bauerová
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002336:Carnosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002839:Chromans; C550427:trolox-L-carnosine; D002336:Carnosine; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid