title: Do tissue spears used to clear ear canal pus improve hearing? A case series study of hearing in remote Australian Aboriginal children with chronic suppurative otitis media before and after dry mopping with tissue spears.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the use of tissue spears to remove otorrhoea from Aboriginal children's ear canals improves hearing in the affected ear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series study with controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 61 Aboriginal children from communities in the remote arid zone of South Australia who had otorrhoea obscuring the tympanic membrane in 1 or both ears. Eighty ears were treated with tissue spears, and hearing was assessed before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two children had unilateral and 19 had bilateral active disease. An additional 13 ears without otorrhoea served as controls. Improvement by 5 dB HL or greater in a four-frequency pure tone average occurred in 41.3 per cent of treated ears. Subsequently, blinded audiologists made qualitative judgements that a functional improvement in hearing had occurred after tissue spear use in 28.4 per cent of ears.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue spears can improve hearing thresholds in a significant proportion of children with otorrhoea. However, the duration of the effect is unknown.
authors.affiliation: Speech Pathology and Audiology,School of Health Sciences,Flinders University,Adelaide,Australia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sparrow
authors.affiliation: Speech Pathology and Audiology,School of Health Sciences,Flinders University,Adelaide,Australia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Haematology and Genetic Pathology,School of Medicine,Flinders University,Adelaide,Australia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery,School of Medicine,Flinders University,Adelaide,Australia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: MacFarlane
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery,School of Medicine,Flinders University,Adelaide,Australia.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Carney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002571:Cerumen; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006309:Hearing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010035:Otitis Media, Suppurative / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013021:South Australia
keywords: Hearing; Indigenous Population; Otitis Media; Tympanic Membrane