title: Promoting recovery from ischemic stroke.
abstract: Over recent decades, experimental and clinical stroke studies have identified a number of neurorestorative treatments that stimulate neural plasticity and promote functional recovery. In contrast to the acute stroke treatments thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, neurorestorative treatments are still effective when initiated days after stroke onset, which makes them applicable to virtually all stroke patients. In this article, selected physical, pharmacological and cell-based neurorestorative therapies are discussed, with special emphasis on interventions that have already been transferred from the laboratory to the clinical setting. We explain molecular and structural processes that promote neural plasticity, discuss potential limitations of neurorestorative treatments, and offer a speculative viewpoint on how neurorestorative treatments will evolve.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , University of Münster , Münster , Germany.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology , University of Münster , Münster , Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Minnerup
mesh_terms: D001369:Axons; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D055495:Neurogenesis; D000066530:Neurological Rehabilitation / Q000379:methods*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012038:Regeneration; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation
chemical_list: D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D004921:Erythropoietin; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
keywords: Ischemic stroke; neural plasticity; neurorestorative treatments; recovery; regeneration