title: Impact of respiratory motion correction on SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging using a mechanically moving phantom assembly with variable cardiac defects.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of respiratory motion correction on SPECT MPI and on defect detection using a phantom assembly.
  
  
  
  SPECT/CT data were acquired using an anthropomorphic phantom with inflatable lungs and with an ECG beating and moving cardiac compartment. The heart motion followed the respiratory pattern in the cranio-caudal direction to simulate normal or deep breathing. Small or large transmural defects were inserted into the myocardial wall of the left ventricle. SPECT/CT images were acquired for each of the four respiratory phases, from exhale to inhale. A respiratory motion correction was applied using an image-based method with transformation parameters derived from the SPECT data by a non-rigid registration algorithm. A report on defect detection from two physicians and a quantitative analysis on MPI data were performed before and after applying motion correction.
  
  
  
  Respiratory motion correction eliminated artifacts present in the images, resulting in a uniform uptake and reduction of motion blurring, especially in the inferior and anterior regions of the LV myocardial walls. The physicians' report after motion correction showed that images were corrected for motion.
  
  
  
  A combination of motion correction with attenuation correction reduces artifacts in SPECT MPI. AC-SPECT images with and without motion correction should be simultaneously inspected to report on small defects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. irene.polycarpou@kcl.ac.uk.|Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. irene.polycarpou@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Polycarpou
authors.affiliation: Frederick Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chrysanthou-Baustert
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Limassol General Hospital, Limassol, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Ourania
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Demetriadou
authors.affiliation: Frederick Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus.|General Department (Physics-Mathematics), Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Yiannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Parpottas
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Christoforos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Panagidis
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Marsden
authors.affiliation: Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.|Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lefteris
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Livieratos
mesh_terms: D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D009038:Motion; D055414:Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012119:Respiration; D000072098:Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*
keywords: SPECT/CT; cranio-caudal cardiac motion; motion correction; myocardial perfusion defects