title: Small but Mighty: Selected Commensal Bacterial Species Determine the Effectiveness of Anti-cancer Immunotherapies.
abstract: Commensal microorganisms influence malignant progression by altering systemic inflammation. New data from two groups (Vétizou et al., 2015; Sivan et al., 2015) indicate that the abundance of specific commensal bacterial species enhances the anti-cancer activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: jrconejo@wistar.org.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Conejo-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Melanie R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rutkowski