title: In vitro antiproliferative activity of uncommon xanthones from branches of Garcinia achachairu.
abstract: Context Garcinia achachairu Rusby (Clusiaceae) popularly known as 'achachairu' is used in folk medicine to treat rheumatism, inflammation, pain and gastric disorder. Objective The present study investigated the chemical profile and antiproliferative effects of the methanolic extract, fractions and two xanthones, against some carcinoma cell lines in vitro. Materials and methods The compounds were isolated and identified by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The extract, fractions and compounds were tested human tumour cell lines of U-251 (glioma), MCF-7 (breast), NCI/ADR-RES (ovary expressing multi-drug resistance phenotype), 786-0 (kidney), NCI-H460 (lung, non-small cells), PC-3 (prostate) and HT-29 (colon), non-tumour cell line HaCat (human keratinocytes) in doses of 0.25-250 μg mL (-) (1) for 48 h. The antiproliferative activity was determined by spectrophotometric quantification (at 540 nm) of the cellular protein content using sulphorhodamine B assay. The prediction of parameters involved in the molecular bioavailability was executed directly by ChemDoodle (version 5.0.1) software (iChemLabs, LLC, Somerset, NJ). Results 3-Demethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidypholine (1) and 1,5,8-trihydroxy-4',5'-dimethyl-2H-pyrane (2,3:3,2)-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl) xanthone (2), gartanin (3) and stigmasterol (4) were identified on the basis of spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited cytocidal activity, especially against breast, prostate and kidney cell lines, with TGI values of 15.8, 4.9, 9.1 and 39.4, 44.7, 40.9 μg/mL, respectively. Discussion and conclusion The presence of two sets of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in separate domains in each molecule might play a role in the mediation of tumour-specific action. Our data show that G. achachairu have potent antiproliferative action and should be considered an important source of potent anticancer compounds.
authors.affiliation: a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Luisa Nathália Bolda
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Mariano
authors.affiliation: b Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Débora Barbosa
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Vendramini-Costa
authors.affiliation: b Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: b Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil ;|c Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: João Ernesto
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.affiliation: a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.affiliation: a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Valdir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cechinel Filho
authors.affiliation: a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delle Monache
authors.affiliation: a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Rivaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niero
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001682:Biological Availability; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D029760:Garcinia / Q000737:chemistry; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013997:Time Factors; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D012997:Solvents; D044004:Xanthones; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Chromatographic methods; cytocidal action; cytotoxicity; molecular bioavailability