title: Crumbled or mashed feed had no significant effect on the performance of lactating sows or their offspring.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physical and chemical properties of feedstuffs can be changed by feed processing. Moreover, through various mechanisms, feed processing can affect growth performance and feed efficiency of swine, nutrition value of the feed. Weaning-to service-intervals (WSI), subsequent farrowing rates, and total-born litter sizes were determined by feed intake and metabolic state during lactation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 20 sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with an average body weight (BW) of 266.1 kg 4 d before farrowing were used to determine the effect of feed processing on the performance of lactating sows and their offspring. The following two dietary treatments were used: 1) Crumble diet (C); and 2) Mash diet (M). Ten replications were used for each treatment. Back fat thickness of sows was measured 6 cm off the midline at the 10th rib using a real-time ultrasound instrument at 4 d before farrowing, 1 d after farrowing, and during weaning. Sow BW were also checked at 4 d before farrowing, 1 d after farrowing, and during weaning. Fecal score of sows were assessed on d 14. Fecal score of piglets were observed on d 7, 15, and 24. Data were analyzed using t-test procedure of SAS (2014) with sow as experimental unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed in the reproduction performance of sows between the two treatments. In addition, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the growth performance of piglets between the two treatments. Fecal score of sows or piglets showed no significant (p > 0.05) difference either.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, different feed processing (mash or crumble) did not make any significant difference on the performance of lactation sow or their piglets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714 South Korea.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714 South Korea.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714 South Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714 South Korea.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Feed processing; Performance; Piglets; Sow