title: Impact of adenotonsillectomy on ADHD and nocturnal enuresis in children with chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy (CAH) are more likely to have symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and enuresis nocturna (EN) and benefit from surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adenotonsillectomy on ADHD and EN symptoms in children with CAH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parent-based questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents of children with CAH were given Turgay DSM-IV Based Child and Adolescent Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV) and Nocturnal Enuresis Questionnaire (NEQ) before and six months after adenotonsillectomy. Inattention (IA) and hyperactivity-impulsivity (HI) subscores of T-DSM-IV were used in the present study. The rates of ADHD and EN were compared before and after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 75 children between 5 and 16 years of age and their families participated in the study. All 75 families completed T-DSM-IV and NEQ. Mean IA (5.69 ± 4.88 versus 4.46 ± 4.40) and HI (6.53 ± 5.60 versus 5.93 ± 5.45) scores as well as total ADHD scores (12.22 ± 8.99 versus 10.42 ± 8.70) improved significantly after surgery. This significance was found to be statistically important (p<0.05). Furthermore 26 of the subjects were diagnosed with primer EN before adenotonsillectomy and 14 of these enuretic children had total remission six months after surgery. The frequency of EN dropped from 34.7% to 16.0% and this remission rate was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with CAH had high frequency of ADHD and EN symptoms in the present study. Adenotonsillectomy was found to be effective in improvement of these symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gaziosmanpasa University Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Battal Tahsin
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Somuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gaziosmanpasa University Hospital, Tokat, Turkey. Electronic address: drhasan33@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gaziosmanpasa University Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Göksel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Göktaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Gaziosmanpasa University Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gaziosmanpasa University Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gürbüzler
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gaziosmanpasa University Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eyibilen
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy; D000234:Adenoids / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008297:Male; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000628:therapy*; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000473:pathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014068:Tonsillectomy