title: Characterization of the effect of MRI on Gafchromic film dosimetry.
abstract: Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of Gafchromic film causes perturbation to absolute dosimetry measurements; the purpose of this work was to characterize the perturbation and develop a correction method for it. Three sets of Gafchromic EBT2 film were compared: radiation (control), radiation followed by MR imaging (RAD + B), and MR imaging followed by radiation (B + RAD). The T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR imaging was performed using a 1.5T scanner with the films wedged between two chicken legs. Doses from 0 to 800 cGy were delivered with a 6MV linac. The time interval between radiation and MR imaging was less than 10 min. Film calibration was generated from the red channel. Microscopic imaging was performed on two pieces of film. The effect of specific absorption rate (SAR) was determined by exposing another three sets of films to low, medium, and high levels of SAR through a series of pulse sequences. No discernible preferential alignment was detected on the microscopic images of the irradiated film exposed to MRI. No imaging artifacts were introduced by Gafchromic film on any MR images. On average, 4% dose difference was observed between B + RAD or RAD + B and the control, using the same calibration curve. The pixel values between the B + RAD or RAD + B and the control films were found to follow a linear relationship pixel(Control) = 1.02 × pixel(B + RAD or RAD + B). By applying this correction, the average dose error was reduced to approximately 2%. The SAR experiment revealed a dose overestimation with increasing SAR even when the correction was applied. It was concluded that MR imaging introduces perturbation on Gafchromic film dose measurements by 4% on average, compared to calibrating the film without the presence of MRI. This perturbation can be corrected by applying a linear correction to the pixel values. Additionally, Gafchromic film did not introduce any imaging artifacts in any of the MR images acquired.
authors.affiliation: Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey. reyhanme@cinj.rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Meral L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Reyhan
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D002138:Calibration; D002645:Chickens; D005373:Film Dosimetry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014962:X-Ray Film