title: State of the art in biobehavioral approaches to the management of chronic pain in childhood.
abstract: Chronic pain in childhood is prevalent, persistent and significantly impactful on most domains of life. The chronic pain experience occurs within a complex biopsychosocial framework, with particular emphasis on the social context. Currently, psychological treatments involve a cognitive-behavioral therapy treatment plan, providing some combination of psychoeducation, self-regulation training, maladaptive cognition identification, behavioral exposure and parent involvement. New treatment areas are emerging, such as group- and internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, comorbid obesity intervention and intensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation. Preliminary studies of emerging treatments demonstrate encouraging results; however, treatment effectiveness hinges on accurate matching of patient to treatment modality. Overall, the current direction of the field promises many innovative breakthroughs to ameliorate suffering in youth with chronic pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital,  Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.|P.A.I.N. Group, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain & the Brain, Harvard Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital,  Boston, MA, USA.|P.A.I.N. Group, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain & the Brain, Harvard Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: Molly C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Basch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: CBT; biopsychosocial; distress; emerging treatments; evidence-based; exposure; multidisciplinary; parents; tailored; youth