title: Proposed Sonographic Criteria for the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome.
abstract: To propose new sonographic criteria for the diagnosis of idiopathic tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS).
  
  
  
  Prospective case-control study.
  
  
  
  Academic referral center.
  
  
  
  Adult healthy volunteers (n=17) and adult patients (n=14) with electrodiagnostically proven idiopathic TTS (mean age, 43.4±8.7y; height, 161.4±7.0cm; weight, 90.6±13.9kg) (N=31). The exclusion criteria were patients with diabetes, neurological disorders, associated ankle and/or foot disorders, electrodiagnostic evidence of a widespread lesion, or feet that were electrophysiologically negative for TTS or with structural abnormalities detected via ultrasound imaging.
  
  
  
  Not applicable.
  
  
  
  Tibial nerve CSA at the proximal tarsal tunnel, tibial nerve CSA within the tunnel, within tunnel-to-proximal tunnel CSA ratio.
  
  
  
  There was a significant difference in the within tunnel CSA and within tunnel-to-proximal tunnel CSA ratio between the TTS group and controls (P=.002 and P=.001, respectively). The optimum cutoff value was 19mm(2) for the within tunnel CSA and 1 for the within tunnel-to-proximal tunnel CSA ratio. Sensitivities were 61% and 74%, respectively.
  
  
  
  The within tunnel-to-proximal tunnel CSA ratio and the within tunnel CSA are the most accurate sonographic parameters and can be helpful in the assessment of idiopathic TTS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: Eman_Tawfik@med.asu.edu.eg.
authors.forename: Eman A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Tawfik
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abeer K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: El Zohiery
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr A K
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abouelela
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D000842:Ankle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013641:Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013979:Tibial Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Rehabilitation; Tarsal tunnel syndrome; Tibial nerve; Ultrasonography