title: Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affects Viability, Senescence, and Stress Factors of Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells: New Insight into EqASCs Isolated from EMS Horses in the Context of Their Aging.
abstract: Currently, equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), an endocrine disease linked to insulin resistance, affects an increasing number of horses. However, little is known about the effect of EMS on mesenchymal stem cells that reside in adipose tissue (ASC). Thus it is crucial to evaluate the viability and growth kinetics of these cells, particularly in terms of their application in regenerative medicine. In this study, we investigated the proliferative capacity, morphological features, and accumulation of oxidative stress factors in mesenchymal stem cells isolated from healthy animals (ASCN) and horses suffering from EMS (ASCEMS). ASCEMS displayed senescent phenotype associated with β-galactosidase accumulation, enlarged cell bodies and nuclei, increased apoptosis, and reduced heterochromatin architecture. Moreover, we observed increased amounts of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these cells, accompanied by reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We also found in ASCEMS an elevated number of impaired mitochondria, characterized by membrane raptures, disarrayed cristae, and vacuole formation. Our results suggest that the toxic compounds, accumulating in the mitochondria under oxidative stress, lead to alternations in their morphology and may be partially responsible for the senescent phenotype and decreased proliferation potential of ASCEMS.
authors.affiliation: Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland ; Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marycz
authors.affiliation: Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kornicka
authors.affiliation: Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Basinska
authors.affiliation: Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czyrek
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology