title: MgNd2 alloy in contact with nasal mucosa: an in vivo and in vitro approach.
abstract: Biodegradable and biocompatible magnesium alloys appear to be very promising not only for temporary clinical application but also for developing deformable and degradable medical implants. This study analyzes the in vivo degradation behavior and the impact on the paranasal sinuses of the highly ductile Mg-2 wt%Nd alloy (MgNd2) in order to provide a basis for a satisfying stent system for the therapy of a chronic sinusitis. Moreover, in vitro tests were carried out on primary porcine nasal epithelial cells (PNEC). For the in vivo tests, cylindrical MgNd2 specimens were implanted into the sinus' mucosa of minipigs. During and after a total period of 180 days the long-term biodegradation and biocompatibility properties after direct contact with the physiological tissue were analyzed. Biodegradation was investigated by measuring the mass and volume losses of the MgNd2 specimens as well as by performing element analyses to obtain information about the degradation layer. The influence on the surrounding tissue of paranasal sinuses was evaluated by endoscopic and histopathological examinations of the mucosa. Here, only a locally unspecific chronic infection was found. The degradation rate showed a maximum after 45 days postsurgery and was determined to decrease subsequently. In vitro experiments using PNEC showed adequate biocompatibility of MgNd2. This study demonstrates a good in vivo biocompatibility for MgNd2 in the system of paranasal sinuses and underlines the promising properties of alloy MgNd2 for biodegradable nasal stent applications.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, An der Universität 2, 30823, Garbsen, Germany. eifler@iw.uni-hannover.de.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eifler
authors.affiliation: Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, An der Universität 2, 30823, Garbsen, Germany.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend, Dr., Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Seitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hanover, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grundke
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 9, 30559, Hannover, Germany.|Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CrossBIT - Center for Biocompatibility and Implant-Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 31, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reifenrath
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hanover, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kietzmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lenarz
authors.affiliation: Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, An der Universität 2, 30823, Garbsen, Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, An der Universität 2, 30823, Garbsen, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klose
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durisin
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003343:Corrosion; D004724:Endoscopy; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C577153:MgNd2 alloy