title: Peripheral vision, perceptual asymmetries and visuospatial attention in young, young-old and oldest-old adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated possible changes occurring in peripheral vision, perceptual asymmetries and visuospatial attention in oldest-old adults and compared their performance with that of young and young-old adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined peripheral vision (PV) and perceptual asymmetries in the three age groups for stimuli varying in eccentricity (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, designed to investigate possible changes in spatial attention, the same participants performed an exogenous orienting attention task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Experiment 1 showed that the three age groups performed the task similarly but differed in processing speed. Importantly, the oldest-old group showed a different perceptual pattern than the other groups suggesting a lack of specificity in visual asymmetries. Experiment 2 indicated that the validity effects emerged later in the young-old and even later in the oldest-old participants, showing a delayed time course of inhibition of return (IOR). Orienting effects, however, were preserved with age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, these results indicate that the three age groups displayed similar perceptual and orienting attention patterns, but with differences in processing speed. Importantly, age (only in the oldest-old adults) altered perceptual visual asymmetries. These results suggest that some neural plasticity is still present even in oldest-old adults, but a lack of specificity occurs in advanced age.
authors.affiliation: Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; Studies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Department of Basic Psychology II, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: muinos@uji.es.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muiños
authors.affiliation: Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palmero
authors.affiliation: Studies on Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Department of Basic Psychology II, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Soledad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ballesteros
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aging; Neural plasticity; Orienting of attention; Perceptual asymmetries; Peripheral vision