title: Safety and efficacy of additive and subtractive surface modification of Ti6Al4V endosseous implant in goat bone.
abstract: Growing interest of endosseous implant research is focused on surface modification to achieve early and strong osseointegration. The present study compared the behaviour of hydroxyapatite coated, zinc doped hydroxyapatite coated and hydrothermally treated titanium (Ti6Al4V) with machined Ti6Al4V implants (control) on osseointegration. The surface characterization and bacterial affinity test for implants were performed. Forty eight (48) cylinders (4 types in each animal) were placed in the humerus bone of 12 black Bengal goats. Bone-implant interface was examined with histological, radiological parameters and scanning electron microscopy on 42nd, 90th, and 180th day post-implantation. Surface roughness alterations of bone-detached implants with time were analyzed by non-contact profilometer. Push-out test (90th day) was performed to assess the strength of bony integration of implants. The coated implants revealed direct and early bone-implant contact but high bacterial affinity and coating resorption/cracks. Low bacterial affinity and strongest osseointegration was observed with hydrothermally treated implants. Poor bacterial affinity and delayed but strong fixation were evident with control implant. Based on the results of laboratory and animal experiments, we conclude that the hydrothermal modification of titanium implant is the more suitable way to achieve safe and effective osseointegration than the other three implant types for endosseous application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Burdwan Dental College & Hospital, Powerhouse Para, West Bengal713101, India. Electronic address: dr.surajitmistry@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Surajit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mistry
authors.affiliation: ICAR-KVK, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, Nimpith, South 24-Parganas, West Bengal 743338, India.
authors.forename: Subhasis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: ICAR-KVK, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, Nimpith, South 24-Parganas, West Bengal 743338, India.
authors.forename: Nilendu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jyoti Maitra
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal 700014, India.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Bioceramic and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Govt. of India, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India.
authors.forename: Someswar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.affiliation: School of Bio-Science & Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India.
authors.forename: Abhijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chanda
authors.affiliation: N.O.C.C. Division, Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India.
authors.forename: Soumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats; D006811:Humerus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012449:Safety; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D014867:Water; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Bacterial affinity; Coating cracks; Doped hydroxyapatite; Hydrothermally treated titanium; Osseointegration; Surface roughness