title: Mouse models of adrenocortical tumors.
abstract: The molecular basis of the organogenesis, homeostasis, and tumorigenesis of the adrenal cortex has been the subject of intense study for many decades. Specifically, characterization of tumor predisposition syndromes with adrenocortical manifestations and molecular profiling of sporadic adrenocortical tumors have led to the discovery of key molecular pathways that promote pathological adrenal growth. However, given the observational nature of such studies, several important questions regarding the molecular pathogenesis of adrenocortical tumors have remained. This review will summarize naturally occurring and genetically engineered mouse models that have provided novel tools to explore the molecular and cellular underpinnings of adrenocortical tumors. New paradigms of cancer initiation, maintenance, and progression that have emerged from this work will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, USA; Endocrine Oncology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Kaitlin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Basham
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, USA; Endocrine Oncology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Holly A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, USA; Endocrine Oncology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Antonio M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lerario
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, USA; Endocrine Oncology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. Electronic address: ghammer@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hammer
mesh_terms: D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway
chemical_list: C035170:IGF2 protein, human; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II
keywords: Adrenal cortex; Adrenal hyperplasia; Adrenal tumor model; Adrenocortical carcinoma; Gonadectomy-induced tumorigenesis; Spontaneous adrenal tumor