title: The Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Syncope.
abstract: Syncope is a common problem in children and adolescents. It is typically caused by benign neurally mediated hypotension, but other, more concerning, etiologies of syncope must be considered. In most instances, the underlying cause of syncope in the pediatric patient can be determined by obtaining a thorough history and physical examination. Attention to the cardiac, neurological, and psychological history and examination can rule out more rare causes of loss of consciousness. Most individuals with neurally mediated hypotension can be treated with lifestyle measures including aggressive hydration, dietary salt, and an exercise program. In instances where lifestyle modification fails, medications may offer symptomatic improvement.
authors.affiliation: The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Syncope Clinic, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address: jeffrey.anderson@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Jeffrey B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Syncope Clinic, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.affiliation: The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Syncope Clinic, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.affiliation: Syncope Clinic, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.affiliation: Syncope Clinic, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D013575:Syncope / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: diagnosis; management; pediatric; syncope