title: A case of bilateral uveitis and papillitis in a patient treated with pembrolizumab.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Drug-induced uveitis is a well-known effect of ocular inflammation that has been reported with many medications. Pembrolizumab is a newer generation of the anti-programmed cell death-1 monoclonal antibodies that was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of advanced melanoma. Immune-mediated adverse events involving different organs have been reported in recent literature in association with this drug. We present the first reported case of uveitis in association with pembrolizumab therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 82-year-old man with stage IV melanoma was started on pembrolizumab infusion treatment every 3 weeks. Two months after initiating therapy, he presented with bilateral severe anterior uveitis and papillitis with fast and complete recovery after withholding further pembrolizumab infusions and treatment with topical steroid. Uveitis recurred after restarting pembrolizumab therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In current clinical practice, many new drugs are being approved, requiring better characterization of the prevalence, onset, and nature of adverse events in order to aid development of effective management strategies. Ophthalmologists should keep in mind that drugs are always a possible cause of ocular inflammation in patients presenting with uveitis.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA - USA.|Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA - USA.
authors.forename: Khawla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abu Samra
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA - USA.|Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA - USA.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valdes-Navarro
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA - USA.|Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA - USA.
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA - USA.|Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA - USA.|Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY - USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA - USA.|Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA - USA.|Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA - USA.
authors.forename: C Stephen
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA - USA.|Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA - USA.
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Anesi
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005477:Fluprednisolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010211:Papilledema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014794:Visual Fields
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D005477:Fluprednisolone; C582435:pembrolizumab; C015808:difluprednate