title: Correlation between remnant inferior turbinate volume and symptom severity of empty nose syndrome.
abstract: Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is an iatrogenic disorder caused by turbinate reduction procedures, which results in considerable nasal dysfunction and severely impaired quality of life. However, there is a lack of data that explains the relationship between the degree of turbinate reduction and subjective symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of remnant inferior turbinate volume on symptom severity.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively analyzed data from 34 patients who were diagnosed with ENS.
  
  
  
  All patients underwent computed tomography scanning and completed the SNOT-25 questionnaire. The control group consisted of 10 patients with pituitary adenoma who did not have any sinonasal symptoms or abnormalities. The inferior turbinate volumes were compared between groups, and the correlation between inferior turbinate volumes (ITVs) and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-25 (SNOT-25) was also evaluated.
  
  
  
  The ENS group presented with a significantly smaller inferior turbinate volume than the control group (P < 0.001). The overall SNOT-25 score demonstrated no statistically significant correlation with anterior, posterior, or total ITV (P > 0.05, respectively). Among the various items on SNOT-25, a high dryness score was significantly correlated with a smaller total inferior turbinate volume (P = 0.030). Facial pain was significantly correlated with smaller anterior ITV (P = 0.011). In addition, patients who had smaller posterior inferior turbinate volume demonstrated higher scores on specific SNOT-25 items.
  
  
  
  A smaller inferior turbinate volume is significantly associated with specific SNOT-25 items in ENS patients.
  
  
  
  4. Laryngoscope, 126:1290-1295, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Ran
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014420:Turbinates / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Empty nose syndrome; SNOT-25; endonasal microplasty; inferior turbinate volume