title: Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Containing Amphotericin B: Characterization, Cytotoxicity and In Vitro Antifungal Evaluation.
abstract: In this study, nanoparticles based on bovine serum albumin (BSA) containing amphotericin B (AmB) were obtained by the desolvation method and characterized with respect to size, size distribution, AmB encapsulation efficiency, AmB state of aggregation, and AmB in vitro release profile. After, the effect of nanoparticles on the cytotoxicity of human erythrocytes in vitro and efficacy over strains of Candida spp. were evaluated. The mean particle size was 156 nm and the AmB encapsulation efficiency was over 82%. The in vitro release profile revealed a sustained release of approximately 48% of AmB over 5 days. AmB is present in BSA nanoparticles as monomer. AmB-loaded nanoparticles showed very low index of hemolysis (less than 8%) in 72 h of assay compared to free AmB, which presented 100% of hemolysis in 2 h of incubation. The AmB-loaded BSA nanoparticles were as effective as free AmB against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis, considering their sustained release profile. Thus, BSA nanoparticles are potential carriers for AmB, reducing its molecular aggregation and prolonging its release, resulting in lower cytotoxicity while maintaining its antifungal activity.
authors.forename: Diani Meza
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Casa
authors.forename: Thaysa Ksiaskiewcz
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.forename: Aline de Cristo Soares
authors.initials: Ade C
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Aline Aparecida
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zgoda
authors.forename: Najeh Maissar
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: Rubiana Mara
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mainardes
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D000666:Amphotericin B