title: Selenite-induced autophagy antagonizes apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in selenite‑treated colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The effects of selenite on HCT116 and SW480 cell apoptosis were investigated with an Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining kit by flow cytometry. The punctate of LC3 protein following treatment with selenite was observed by a laser scanning confocal microscope and by transmission electron microscopy. Using western blot assays, we detected the apoptotic and autophagic markers in both CRC cells and mouse xenograft tumor models. We found that sodium selenite induced autophagy in the two CRC cell lines. Consistent with the in vitro results, we observed that the expression of autophagy marker LC3 was increased. Finally, we discovered that modulation of reactive oxygen species by MnTMPyP inhibited autophagy, while H2O2 activated autophagy. These results help to elucidate the anticancer effect of selenium, providing further evidence to exploit novel anticancer drugs targeting selenium.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kaiyuan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ci
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kejian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, CAMS, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100005, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Caimin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D018038:Sodium Selenite