title: Cellular uptake of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) microcapsules with different deformability and its influence on cell functions.
abstract: It is important to understand the safety issue and cell interaction pattern of polyelectrolyte microcapsules with different deformability before their use in biomedical applications. In this study, SiO2, poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) doped CaCO3 and porous CaCO3 spheres, all about 4μm in diameter, were used as templates to prepare microcapsules with different inner structure and subsequent deformability. As a result, three kinds of covalently assembled poly(allylaminehydrochloride)/glutaraldehyde (PAH/GA) microcapsules with similar size but different deformability under external osmotic pressure were prepared. The impact of different microcapsules on cell viability and functions are studied using smooth muscle cells (SMCs), endothelial cells (ECs) and HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that viabilities of SMCs, ECs and HepG2 cells were not significantly influenced by either of the three kinds of microcapsules. However, the adhesion ability of SMCs and ECs as well as the mobility of SMCs, ECs and HepG2 cells were significantly impaired after treatment with microcapsules in a deformability dependent manner, especially the microcapsules with lower deformability caused higher impairment on cell functions. The cellular uptake kinetics, uptake pathways, intracellular distribution of microcapsules are further investigated in SMCs to reveal the potential mechanism. The SMCs showed faster uptake rate and exocytosis rate of microcapsules with lower deformability (Cap@CaCO3/PSS and Cap@CaCO3), leading to higher intracellular accumulation of microcapsules with lower deformability and possibly larger retardation of cell functions. The results pointed out that the deformability of microcapsules is an important factor governing the biological performance of microcapsules, which requires careful adjustment for further biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. Electronic address: zwmao@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. Electronic address: cygao@mail.hz.zj.
authors.forename: Changyou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D002214:Capsules; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D011073:Polyamines; C063994:polyallylamine; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: Cell functions; Cell uptake; Deformability; Microcapsules; Poly(allylamine hydrochloride)