title: The Moderating Role of Gender in the Relationship Between Tobacco Outlet Exposure and Tobacco Use Among African American Young Adults.
abstract: Tobacco outlet exposure is a correlate of tobacco use with potential differences by gender that warrant attention. The aim of this study is to explore the moderating role of gender in the relationship between tobacco outlet exposure and past month tobacco use among African American young adults 21 to 24 years old. This cross-sectional study (n = 283) used geospatial methods to determine the number of tobacco outlets within walking distance (i.e., a quarter mile) of participants' homes and distance to the nearest outlet. Logistic regression models were used to test interactions between gender and tobacco outlet exposure (i.e., density and proximity). Tobacco outlets were classified based on whether or not they were licensed to sell tobacco only (TO outlets) or tobacco and alcohol (TA outlets). Neither density nor proximity was associated with past month tobacco use in the pooled models. However, gender modified the relationship between TO outlet density and tobacco use, and this relationship was significant only among women (OR = 1.02; p < 0.01; adjusted OR = 1.01; p < 0.05). This study underscores the importance of reducing tobacco outlet density in residential neighborhoods, especially TO outlets, as well as highlights potential gender differences in the relationship between tobacco outlet density and tobacco use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. qb2122@cumc.columbia.edu.|Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA. qb2122@cumc.columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Qiana
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.|Wayne State University School of Medicine, 320. E. Canfield Street, Detroit, MI, 48207, USA.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Milam
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Janice V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bowie
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Ialongo
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Darrell J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gaskin
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Furr-Holden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015142:Baltimore; D044383:Black People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult; D001741:Black or African American
keywords: African Americans; Gender; Tobacco outlets; Young adults