title: Antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity of Turkish propolis on human lung cancer cell line.
abstract: Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, two of whose characteristic features are uncontrollable cell proliferation and insufficient apoptosis. Various studies have investigated the antiproliferative effects of propolis, a natural bee product, from different countries, and its cytotoxic effects have been attributed to its polyphenol contents. The purpose of this study was to show the cytotoxic effects, and possible mechanisms involved, of ethanolic extract of Turkish propolis (EEP) on the human lung cancer (A549) cell line. Cytotoxic activity of EEP on A549 cells was revealed using the MTT assay. Mechanisms involved in the cytotoxic action of EEP on A549 cells were then investigated in terms of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle using flow cytometry, endoplasmic reticulum stress using RT-PCR, and caspase activity using luminometric analysis. EEP exhibited selective toxicity against A549 cells compared to normal fibroblast cells. We determined that EEP arrested the cell cycle of A549 cells at the G1 phase, induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, caspase activity, and apoptosis and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. These results indicate that Turkish propolis is capable of reducing cancer cell proliferation and may have a promising role to play in the development of new anticancer drugs in the future.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey.
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey.
authors.forename: Yuksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aliyazicioglu
authors.affiliation: c Department of Genetic and Bioengineering , Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, Gumushane, Turkey, and Medicinal Plants, Traditional Medicine Practice and Research Center, Gumushane University , Gumushane , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.affiliation: d Department of Medical Biochemistry , Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University , Sivas , Turkey.
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Misir
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mentese
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey.
authors.forename: Serap Ozer
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Yaman
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey.
authors.forename: Kubra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akbulut
authors.affiliation: e Department of Genetic and Bioengineering , Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gumushane University , Gumushane , Turkey.
authors.forename: Kagan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kilinc
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey.
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Deger
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011429:Propolis