title: Pyrolysis of chromium rich tanning industrial wastes and utilization of carbonized wastes in metallurgical process.
abstract: Pyrolysis is the thermal degradation of organic material in oxygen-free or very lean oxygen atmosphere. This study evaluates the use of pyrolysis for conversion of leather wastes from chromium tanning processes into Carbonized Leather Residues (CLR), and the utilization of CLR in metallurgical processes through the production of iron ore pellets. CLR was used to replace mineral coal in proportions of 10% and 25% on fixed carbon basis content in the mixtures for pellets preparation. Experimental conversions were performed on a pilot scale pyrolysis plant and a pelletizing reactor of the "pot grate" type. The results demonstrated the technical feasibility of using the charcoal product from animal origin as an energy source, with recovery of up to 76.47% of chromium contained in CLR in the final produced of iron ore pellets. Pellets with 25% replacement of fixed carbon in the coal showed an enhanced compressive strength, with an average value of 344kgfpellet(-1), compared to 300kgfpellet(-1) for standard produced pellets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: artur@engenho9.com.br.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tôrres Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Liséte Celina
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.affiliation: Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilberto Caldeira Bandeira
authors.initials: GCB
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.affiliation: Samarco Mineração S/A-Rodovia ES 060, 14.4 km S/N, Ponta Ubu, Anchieta, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo Eduardo
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Praes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002606:Charcoal; D002857:Chromium / Q000737:chemistry*; D003031:Coal; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D008669:Metallurgy / Q000379:methods*; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D013232:Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013633:Tanning / Q000379:methods*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D003031:Coal; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008670:Metals; D002857:Chromium; D013232:Steel; D002606:Charcoal; D010758:Phosphorus; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Leather wastes; Pelletizing process; Thermal treatment