title: Drug delivery and drug targeting with parenteral lipid nanoemulsions - A review.
abstract: Lipid nanosized emulsions or nanoemulsions (NE) are oil in water dispersions with an oil droplet size of about 200nm. This size of oil droplets dispersed in a continuous water phase is a prerequisite for the parenteral, namely intravenous administration. Many parenteral nutrition and drug emulsions on the market confirm the safe use of NE over years. Parenteral emulsions loaded with APIs (active pharmaceutical ingredients) are considered as drug delivery systems (DDS). DDS focuses on the regulation of the in vivo dynamics, such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and extended bioavailability, thereby improving the effectiveness and the safety of the drugs. Using an emulsion as a DDS, or through the use of surface diversification of the dispersed oil droplets of emulsions, a targeted increase of the API concentration in some parts of the human body can be achieved. This review focuses on NE similar to the marketed once with no or only low amount of additional surfactants beside the emulsifier from a manufacturing point of view (technique, used raw materials).
authors.affiliation: Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbH, Hafnerstraße 36, A-8055 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hörmann
authors.affiliation: Karl-Franzens-University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Member of BioTechMed Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Electronic address: andreas.zimmer@uni-graz.at.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zimmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D008055:Lipids; D011506:Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
keywords: Drug delivery system; Drug targeting; Emulsion; Ingredients; Intravenous; Manufacturing; Materials; Nanoemulsion; Parenteral