title: Koningiopisins A-H, Polyketides with Synergistic Antifungal Activities from the Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis.
abstract: Eight new fungal polyketides named koningiopisins A-H (1-8) and four previously known polyketides (9-12) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis YIM PH 30002. Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectral data interpretation, and their antifungal and synergistic activities were also evaluated. Koningiopisin C (3) exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina with an MIC of 16 µg/mL. Although the antifungal activities of single compounds were not obvious, a mixture of six compounds (4-9) exhibited potent synergistic antifungal activity against P. cucumerina with an MIC of 16 µg/mL, and the antifungal activity of the mixture of any two compounds with a 1:1 ratio was better than that observed from the individual compound. The synergistic biological activity of the metabolites in YIM PH 30002 demonstrates the significant ecological function of the endophyte for its host plant, and provides additional insight into the search for and development of agents for biological control.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yabin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Cui-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: You-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Lian
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: You-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hui-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Guang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Tao
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Xing
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D061065:Polyketides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D061065:Polyketides