title: Identification and localization of xylose-binding proteins as potential biomarkers for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis.
abstract: In our recent study, we found that the expression levels of total xylose-binding proteins (XBPs) were up-regulated significantly in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs); however, the denomination, distribution, and function of the XBPs were uncharted. Herein, 70 XBPs from activated HSCs and 64 XBPs from quiescent HSCs were isolated, identified and annotated. A total of 30 XBPs were up-regulated (all fold change ≥ 1.5, p ≤ 0.05) and 14 XBPs were down-regulated (all fold change ≤ 0.67, p ≤ 0.05) in the activated HSCs. The XBPs were localized at the cytoplasm and cytoplasmic membrane in HSCs and cirrhotic liver tissues by cy/histochemistry. The XBPs (i.e. PDIA6 and CFL2) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were up-regulated and those responsible for the regulation of catalytic activity (i.e. TUBB and MX1) were up-regulated in the activated HSCs. 2 candidates (i.e. PDIA6 and APOA1) were then selected for further verification in the sera of patients with HBV-induced chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis using western blotting and serum microarrays. PDIA6 showed a higher discrimination (Area Under Curves, AUCs = 0.8985, p < 0.0001) relative to APOA1 (AUCs = 0.8738, p < 0.0001) in the sera of patients as biomarker candidate. In conclusion, the precision alteration of the XBPs associated with pathological changes in HSCs during liver fibrosis/cirrhosis may provide pivotal information needed to discover potential glycan-binding protein-related biomarkers for diagnosis of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and for development of new anti-fibrotic strategies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China. zhengli@nwu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yaogang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle Xilu, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China. hjbian@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiu-Xuan
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China. zhengli@nwu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Peixin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China. zhengli@nwu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China. zhengli@nwu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wentian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Medicine College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Center of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhansheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle Xilu, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China. hjbian@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huijie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China. zhengli@nwu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002460:Cell Line; D063990:Gene Ontology; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000097:blood*; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D015415:Biomarkers; C496931:PDIA6 protein, human; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases