title: Dry Eye Syndrome and Allergic Conjunctivitis in the Pediatric Population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the comorbidity of dry eye syndrome (DES) and changes in corneal curvature in children with allergies.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, comparative, and observational interventional study included 49 patients, who presented to the Ophthalmology Clinic of a State Hospital in Turkey. There were 25 patients with clinically diagnosed seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (AC) (with complaints of itching and papilla formation of conjunctiva; AC group) and 24 healthy children (control group). There with no significant differences in age between groups. Using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, we performed tear film break-up time (BUT), central reflex tear meniscus height (TMH-R) measurement, Schirmer test on both groups and evaluated keratometry (K1, K2) and spherical equivalent (SE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients ranged in age from 6 to 18 years (median age, 11.79 years; 46.9% male; 53.1% female). The papillary reaction was severe in 10% of patients with AC. The prevalence of dry eye in children with AC was 12%. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for K1, K2, and SE (P > 0.05, all comparisons). BUT was statistically different (P = 0.004) between groups, indicating that a higher OSDI the tear film BUT was lower (ρ = 0.567). Statistically, significant negative moderate correlations were found between papillary reaction and the Schirmer test, BUT, and TMH-R (ρ = 0.454, -0.412, -0.419, and P = 0.001, 0.003, 0.002, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evaluation of pediatric patients with AC requires further attention to ensure an adequate diagnosis of DES.
authors.affiliation: Ophtalmology Clinic, Gorele State Hospital, Giresun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Handan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akil
authors.affiliation: Ophtalmology Clinic, Nizip State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophtalmology, Abant Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ulas
authors.affiliation: Paediatrics Clinic, Gorele State Hospital, Giresun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ilknur Surucu
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry
keywords: Allergic Conjunctivitis; Dry Eye; Tear Break-up Time; Tear Meniscus Height