title: The effects of sequential use of oxytocin and sublingual nitroglycerin in the cases of retained placenta.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of adding sublingual nitroglycerin to oxytocin, for delivery of retained placenta after vaginal delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed as a placebo controlled clinical trial on women who did not finish delivering placenta after 30 min of active management of the third stage of labor. In case group, 1 mg nitroglycerin and in the control group, placebo was prescribed sublingually.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 80 women finished the study. The number of manual removal of placenta did not show significant difference between the two groups [25 women (62.5%) in the case and 30 women (75%) in the control group, p = 0.335]. There was no significant difference between the two groups according to duration of the third stage of labor, hemoglobin index, decline in HB index >30% and maternal vital signs after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups according to adverse effects [eight women (20%) in the case group and four (10%) in the control group (p = 0.348)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sequential use of oxytocin and sublingual nitroglycerin could not lead to delivery of more placentas and did not reduce the necessity of manual removal of placenta in comparison with placebo.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashanian
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasankhani
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK.
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sheikhansari
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and.
authors.forename: Shohreh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahasadri
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and.
authors.forename: Homa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Homam
mesh_terms: D000286:Administration, Sublingual; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018457:Placenta, Retained / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D010121:Oxytocin; D005996:Nitroglycerin
keywords: Manual removal of placenta; nitroglycerin; oxytocin; pregnancy and delivery; retained placenta; third stage of labor