title: A comparative study of fluid management education before hospital discharge.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined if an education intervention [EduI] based on the Common Sense Model theoretical framework and 3-step action plan to control fluid-related symptoms and weight gain, decreased 6-month health care consumption.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Heart failure (HF) morbidity is often related to fluid overload.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-group comparative design with convenience sampling was used to assess rehospitalization (Hosp), emergency department (ED) and unplanned office visits. Analyses included regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 122 usual care [UC] and 122 EduI patients, mean (standard deviation) age was 65.8 (12.6) years. In multivariate analyses, first HF Hosp, total ED visits and ED visits for HF decompensation were lower in EduI compared to UC; p = 0.039, p = 0.025, and p = 0.001 respectively. There were no reductions in 6-month total Hosp or HF-related unplanned office visits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An EduI with a 3-step action plan to control fluid-related symptoms and weight gain reduced first Hosp, total ED and HF-ED visits.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: rouseg@ccf.org.
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Rouse
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Shannon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Forney
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Josalyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cary
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kish
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brosovich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001835:Body Weight; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge; D016037:Single-Blind Method
keywords: Common Sense Model; Emergency department; Heart failure decompensation; Heart failure education; Rehospitalization; Unplanned office visits