title: Human neonates display altered ex vivo monokine production related to healthy adults.
abstract: The inflammatory response plays an important role during the induction of several neonatal diseases. Previous studies have shown that during newborn infections, the natural imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses shifts toward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we employed an array system to detect 9 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and performed ELISA for 6 other cytokines. We then compared the immune response profiling in umbilical cord blood (UV) plasma samples with circulating levels in otherwise healthy donors (HD). Concentrations of ex vivo monokine levels, such as interleukins (IL)-18, IL-23 and IL-27, were profoundly reduced in the UV in relation to the HD group (p-values of 0.003, 0.009 and <0.0001, respectively). Conversely, UV-plasmatic TGF-β1 levels displayed marked enhancement (p-value=0.005) in relation to HD. Several factors may be implicated in these neonatal alterations, and additional characterization of a broader cytokine panel is warranted to reveal other possible candidates.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: pzuquim@ioc.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Paulo R Z
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Antas
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thaíze Q C
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jessica R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Gaffree Guinle State University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Gaffree Guinle State University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis A V
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Melca
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos G G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ponte
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015846:Monokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015846:Monokines
keywords: Human; Monokine; Neonate; Plasma