title: Screening of potential biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma by integrated analysis of microarray data sets.
abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) continues to harbor a difficult prognosis and it is difficult to diagnose in its early stages. The molecular mechanisms of CCA oncogenesis and progression are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify candidate biomarkers for CCA. Integrated analysis of microarray data sets was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CCA and normal tissues. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were then performed to identify the functions of DEGs. Furthermore, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed. The expressions of DEGs were validated in human CCA tissues by qRT-PCR. A set of 712 DEGs were identified in CCA compared with normal tissues, including 306 upregulated and 406 downregulated DEGs. It can be shown from the KEGG pathway analysis that some pathways may have important roles in pathology of CCA, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, bile secretion, cell cycle, fat digestion and absorption. PPI network indicated that the significant hub proteins were PKM, SPP1 and TPM1. The abnormally overexpression PKM, SPP1 and TPM1 were closely related to oncogenesis and progression of CCA. PKM, SPP1, TPM1, COL1A1 and COL1A2 may serve as candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of CCA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shan Dong Province, China.
authors.forename: Q-X
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shan Dong Province, China.
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shan Dong Province, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shan Dong Province, China.
authors.forename: X-M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shan Dong Province, China.
authors.forename: F-L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shan Dong Province, China.
authors.forename: L-X
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D066264:Datasets as Topic; D015536:Down-Regulation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000235:genetics; D014335:Tropomyosin / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000097810:Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D053495:Osteopontin; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014335:Tropomyosin; D000097810:Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins; C000601279:COL1A2 protein, human; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; C490775:TPM1 protein, human