title: Evaluation of the effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cells on the quality of bone healing around implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates the efficacy of grafted adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on blade-type implants in improving osseointegration in rat femurs using a low-density bone model.
  
  
  METHODS
  After isolating and expanding ADSCs, twice-passaged cells were seeded on blade-type implants on culture plates. Osteogenic induction of grafted cells began after attaching cells to the prepared titanium surfaces and it continued for 4 days. The scaffolds were then implanted in the femurs of Wistar rats. Osteogenic differentiation of these cells was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and alizarin red staining of the mineralized extracellular matrix. After 8 weeks, histological and histomorphometric evaluations of undecalcified resin sections (bone-implant contact [BIC] % and bone mineral index [BMI]) were performed using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alizarin red staining in conjunction with gene expression results confirmed osteogenic differentiation. Histomorphometric assessment using scanning electron microscopy demonstrated improved BIC% and BMI near the treated surface compared with the untreated surface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The complex of differentiated grafted ADSCs and extracellular matrix and the macrodesign and microdesign of the implant can improve osseointegration in low-density bone.
authors.affiliation: a Private practice , Tissue engineering , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Kaveh Ghaleh
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Golab
authors.affiliation: b Department of Anatomy , School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj Ragerdi
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Kashani
authors.affiliation: c Anatomical Sciences Research Center , Kashan University of Medical Sciences , Kashan , Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azami-Tameh
authors.affiliation: d Department of Anatomy , School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaminy
authors.affiliation: e Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Iman Namjoy
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Nik
authors.affiliation: f Private practice, Implantology , Manchester , United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Shahram Namjoy
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Nik
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017102:Fracture Healing; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; bone; implant; osseointegration; titanium