title: Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment. To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required. Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment. Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells. Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665  cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful. Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Shaoyin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Daosen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qinnan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yingtian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xiaoxu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Shengde
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Liyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D006003:Glycogen / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D012313:RNA; D006003:Glycogen; D004247:DNA