title: Biobank Finances: A Socio-Economic Analysis and Review.
abstract: This socio-economic study is based on the widely held view that there is an inadequate supply of human biological samples that is hampering biomedical research development and innovation (RDI). The potential value of samples and the associated data are thus not being realized. We aimed to examine whether the financing of biobanks contributes to this problem and then to propose a national solution. We combined three methods: a qualitative case study; literature analysis; and informal consultations with experts. The case study enabled an examination of the complex institutional arrangements for biobanks, with a particular focus on cost models. For the purposes of comparison, a typology for biobanks was developed using the three methods. We found that it is not possible to apply a standard cost model across the diversity of biobanks, and there is a deficit in coordination and sustainability and an excess of complexity. We propose that coordination across this diversity requires dedicated resources for a national biobanking distributed research infrastructure. A coordination center would establish and improve standards and support a national portal for access. This should be financed centrally by public funds, possibly supplemented by industrial funding. We propose that: a) sample acquisition continues to be costed into projects and project proposals to ensure biobanking is driven by research needs; b) core biobanking activities and facilities be supported by central public funds distributed directly to host public institutions; and c) marginal costs for access be paid for by the user.
authors.affiliation: 1 Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom .
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.affiliation: 2 Research and Development Directorate, Salford Royal Hospitals NHS Trust , Salford, United Kingdom .
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.affiliation: 3 Areteva Ltd. , BioCity, Nottingham, United Kingdom .
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Corfield
authors.affiliation: 1 Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom .
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Georghiou
authors.affiliation: 4 Center for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, Institute of Population Health, The University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom .
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuille
mesh_terms: D018070:Biological Specimen Banks / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005376:Financial Management; D018803:Models, Economic; D012106:Research / Q000191:economics; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000191:economics