title: Diagnosis and management of knee osteoarthritis: Chinese medicine expert consensus (2015).
abstract: Literature review shows that Chinese medicine and other related treatment are still the main stream treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Currently, there is short of handbook guiding Chinese medicine from evidence-based medical evidence, so it is a top priority to develop a clinical guideline from the expert consensus. After several rounds of discussion during the conference and examination by letter, which has collected opinions from nearly one hundred experts, consensus was reached. Nonpharmacologic interventions include health education, medical exercise, acupuncture, massage, acupotomology, and physiotherapy. Pharmacological interventions are as follows. Topical application includes fumigation, application, hot compressed, ironing and iontophoresis with Chinese herbs, etc. Chinese patent medicine for external use includes plaster, ointment, etc. Western medicine for external use mainly includes emulsion, ointment, plaster and embrocation containing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Intraarticular injection mainly includes sodium hyaluronic acid, chitosan (for injection) with prudent use of glucocorticoid. Chinese herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine can be taken referring to syndrome differentiation which mainly includes syndromes of qi stagnation and blood stasis, cold dampness, deficiency of Gan (Liver) and Shen (Kidney), deficiency of qi and blood. Western medicine mainly includes analgesic, NSAIDs, diseases modifying drugs. Surgery procedures mainly include joint irrigation, arthroscopic surgery, osteotomy, arthroplasty, etc.
authors.affiliation: The Third Department of Osteoarthrosis, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China. drchenweiheng@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei-heng
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
authors.forename: Xian-xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
authors.forename: Pei-jian
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
authors.forename: Hong-sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Zhan
mesh_terms: D032921:Consensus; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D013038:Specialization; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Chinese medicine; expert opinion; integrative medicine; knee osteoarthritis