title: Hypolipidemic Effect of Tomato Juice in Hamsters in High Cholesterol Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia.
abstract: Tomato is a globally famous food and contains several phytonutrients including lycopene, β-carotene, anthocyanin, and flavonoids. The increased temperature used to produce tomato juice, ketchup, tomato paste and canned tomato enhances the bioactive composition. We aimed to verify the beneficial effects of processed tomato juice from Kagome Ltd. (KOT) on hypolipidemic action in hamsters with hyperlipidemia induced by a 0.2% cholesterol and 10% lard diet (i.e., high-cholesterol diet (HCD)). Male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into two groups for treatment: normal (n = 8), standard diet (control); and experimental (n = 32), HCD. The 32 hamsters were further divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) to receive vehicle or KOT by oral gavage at 2787, 5573, or 13,934 mg/kg/day for six weeks, designated the HCD-1X, -2X and -5X groups, respectively. The efficacy and safety of KOT supplementation was evaluated by lipid profiles of serum, liver and feces and by clinical biochemistry and histopathology. HCD significantly increased serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, hepatic and fetal TC and TG levels, and degree of fatty liver as compared with controls. KOT supplementation dose-dependently decreased serum TC, TG, LDL-C levels, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, hepatic TC and TG levels, and fecal TG level. Our study provides experiment-based evidence to support that KOT may be useful in treating or preventing the onset of hyperlipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Shih Hsin University, Taipei 11604, Taiwan. lilychen@cc.shu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Li-Chen
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-WanFang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan. nsweili@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1010503@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Ching
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1041302@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yi-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1021302@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. john5523@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chi-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D006224:Cricetinae; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: cholesterol; high-cholesterol diet; hypolipidemic; lipid-lowering; tomato juice; triglyceride