title: Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphorous Pesticides and Fetal Growth: Pooled Results from Four Longitudinal Birth Cohort Studies.
abstract: Organophosphorous (OP) pesticides are associated with reduced fetal growth in animals, but human studies are inconsistent.
  
  
  
  We pooled data from four cohorts to examine associations of prenatal OP exposure with birth weight (n = 1,169), length (n = 1,152), and head circumference (n = 1,143).
  
  
  
  Data were from the CHAMACOS, HOME, Columbia, and Mount Sinai birth cohorts. Concentrations of three diethyl phosphate (ΣDEP) and three dimethyl phosphate (ΣDMP) metabolites of OP pesticides [summed to six dialkyl phosphates (ΣDAPs)] were measured in maternal urine. Linear regression and mixed-effects models were used to examine associations with birth outcomes.
  
  
  
  We found no significant associations of ΣDEP, ΣDMP, or ΣDAPs with birth weight, length, or head circumference overall. However, among non-Hispanic black women, increasing urinary ΣDAP and ΣDMP concentrations were associated with decreased birth length (β = -0.4 cm; 95% CI: -0.9, 0.0 and β = -0.4 cm; 95% CI: -0.8, 0.0, respectively, for each 10-fold increase in metabolite concentration). Among infants with the PON1192RR genotype, ΣDAP and ΣDMP were negatively associated with length (β = -0.4 cm; 95% CI: -0.9, 0.0 and β = -0.5 cm; 95% CI: -0.9, -0.1).
  
  
  
  This study confirms previously reported associations of prenatal OP exposure among black women with decreased infant size at birth, but finds no evidence of smaller birth weight, length, or head circumference among whites or Hispanics. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found stronger inverse associations of DAPs and birth outcome in infants with the less susceptible PON1192RR genotype. The large pooled data set facilitated exploration of interactions by race/ethnicity and PON1 genotype, but was limited by differences in study populations.
  
  
  
  Harley KG, Engel SM, Vedar MG, Eskenazi B, Whyatt RM, Lanphear BP, Bradman A, Rauh VA, Yolton K, Hornung RW, Wetmur JG, Chen J, Holland NT, Barr DB, Perera FP, Wolff MS. 2016. Prenatal exposure to organophosphorous pesticides and fetal growth: pooled results from four longitudinal birth cohort studies. Environ Health Perspect 124:1084-1092; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409362.
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
authors.forename: Kim G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Harley
authors.forename: Stephanie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: Michelle G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vedar
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eskenazi
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Whyatt
authors.forename: Bruce P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Lanphear
authors.forename: Asa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bradman
authors.forename: Virginia A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Rauh
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yolton
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wetmur
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Nina T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Dana Boyd
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: Frederica P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Mary S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wolff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides