title: Arteriovenous malformation of vein of Galen as a rare non-hypoxic cause of changes in fetal heart rate pattern during labor.
abstract: The aim of this case report is to describe a rare non-hypoxic cause of pathological changes in fetal heart rate pattern during labor, and to determine management, including a description of important prenatal aspects when pathologic cardiotocographic recording is performed during labor. A fetus with rare arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen, which represents less than 1% of all intracranial arteriovenous malformations, was monitored by intrapartum external cardiotocography in the 37 + 5 gestational week. The baby was born by cesarean section because of signs of imminent intrauterine hypoxia on cardiotocography. However, metabolic acidosis was not confirmed in umbilical cord blood sampling. Despite intensive neonatal care management, the newborn died 31 h after delivery because of progressive cardiac decompensation, hypotension and multi-organ failure. Precise diagnosis of the abovementioned pathology, a pre-labor plan for delivery and postnatal prognosis assessment can significantly contribute to the avoidance of a misdiagnosis of fetal hypoxia and unnecessary operative delivery with marked medico-legal consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Biringer
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Pavol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zubor
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kudela
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Branislav
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kolarovszki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zibolen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in, Martin, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Danko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015148:Cardiotocography; D002585:Cesarean Section; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D054080:Vein of Galen Malformations / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cardiotocography; fetal monitoring; intracranial arteriovenous malformation; vein of Galen