title: An 8-Week Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Comparing Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of 3 Vilazodone Dose-Initiation Strategies Following Switch From SSRIs and SNRIs in Major Depressive Disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vilazodone, a selective and potent 5-HT1A partial agonist and 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, has been approved for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. The primary objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of switching to 3 different doses of vilazodone from an equivalent dose range of generic selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in adult subjects with MDD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 3-arm trial to compare vilazodone 10 mg/d, 20 mg/d, and 40 mg/d as starting doses. Data were collected from December 2012 to December 2013. There was no washout phase, prior medications were stopped at the baseline visit, and vilazodone was started the next day in adults with MDD (DSM-IV criteria). The 10-mg/d and 20-mg/d dose was increased to 40 mg/d by week 3 and week 1, respectively, and the 40-mg/d initiation dose continued unchanged. The primary efficacy measure was change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score between the 3 dose groups. The secondary efficacy measures were changes in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S), CGI-Improvement (CGI-I), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) scores. Safety measures were obtained by spontaneously reported adverse events, vital signs recording, and laboratory tests. Multivariate tests were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy subjects were randomized, and 60 subjects completed the study (n = 20 in each group). Overall, there was a significant reduction in MADRS score from baseline (26.08 ± 1.1) to week 8 (9.86 ± 1.2) in the entire sample (P < .001). Similarly, there was a significant improvement in CGI-S (P < .001), CGI-I (P < .001) and HDRS (P < .001) scores from baseline to the end of the trial. There were no significant differences between the 3 vilazodone dose-initiation groups in changes in MADRS scores (P = .95) or changes in CGI-S (P = .83), CGI-I (P = .51), or HARS scores (P = .61). Dry mouth (n = 55), nausea (n = 10), and diarrhea (n = 5) were the most common side effects, with diarrhea reported in 5 subjects in the 40-mg/d initiation group. No serious adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates the potential benefit of switching to vilazodone in patients with MDD who are inadequate responders to SSRIs or SNRIs. There were no meaningful differences in efficacy or tolerability between the 3 different dose-initiation strategies with vilazodone; however, diarrhea appeared to be more frequently reported with the 40-mg/d dose. Given the modest sample size, larger studies are required to confirm our findings.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02015546 and NCT01473381.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Shilpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rele
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Sungman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Jong-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Seonghwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Prakash S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Masand
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Millet and Patkar and Ms Rele); Carolina Behavioral Care, Durham, North Carolina (Dr Millet); Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook, Korea (Dr Sungman Kim), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (Dr Paik), Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea (Dr Seonghwan Kim); and Global Medical Education, New York, New York (Dr Masand).
authors.forename: Ashwin A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Patkar