title: Purification and characterization of a novel polysaccharide-peptide complex from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau leaves.
abstract: A novel polysaccharide-peptide complex CNP-1-2 with molecular weight of 9.17 × 10(4) Da was obtained from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau leaves by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and purification with Superdex 200 and DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column chromatography. CNP-1-2 exhibited the highest growth inhibitory effect on human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 with inhibition ratio of 92.34% and stimulated activation of macrophages with NO secretion level of 47.53 μmol/L among the polysaccharide fractions. CNP-1-2 comprised approximately 87.25% carbohydrate and 9.37% protein. Monosaccharide analysis suggested that CNP-1-2 was composed of L-rhamnose, l-arabinose, D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose with a molar ratio of 1.30:1.00:2.56:4.95:5.09. Methylation analysis, FT-IR, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed that CNP-1-2 might have a backbone consisting of 1,4-linked Glcp, 1,3-linked Glcp, 1,3-linked Manp, 1,4-linked Galp, 1,2,6-linked Galp and 1,2,6-linked Galp. Its side chain might be composed of 1-linked Araf, 1,6-linked Galp and 1-linked Rhap residues. AFM (atomic force micrograph) analysis revealed that CNP-1-2 had the molecular aggregation along with branched and entangled structure.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Bio Nice Food Science Sdn Bhd, No. 5, Jalan Silc 1/4, Perindustrian Silc, Nusajaya, 79200 Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: danminhuang@126.com.
authors.forename: Danmin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
authors.forename: Yunhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China. Electronic address: fengjiecui@mail.ujs.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fengjie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China. Electronic address: shchen@mail.ujs.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Second Teaching Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Longyan City 364000, China.
authors.forename: Jiamin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D027901:Acanthaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008970:Molecular Weight; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D011509:Proteoglycans; C093216:polysaccharide peptide
keywords: Clinacanthus nutans; Macrophage activation; Polysaccharide; Structural characterization