title: Early experience with X-ray magnetic resonance fusion for low-flow vascular malformations in the pediatric interventional radiology suite.
abstract: This technical innovation describes our experience using an X-ray magnetic resonance fusion (XMRF) software program to overlay 3-D MR images on real-time fluoroscopic images during sclerotherapy procedures for vascular malformations at a large pediatric institution. Five cases have been selected to illustrate the application and various clinical utilities of XMRF during sclerotherapy procedures as well as the technical limitations of this technique. The cases demonstrate how to use XMRF in the interventional suite to derive additional information to improve therapeutic confidence with regards to the extent of lesion filling and to guide clinical management in terms of intraprocedural interventional measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. tiffanyhwang@gmail.com.|Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. tiffanyhwang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tiffany J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Corporate Technology, Siemens Corporation, Princeton, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Sphoorti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shellikeri
authors.affiliation: Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Hoffman Estates, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Randolph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Setser
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Arastoo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vossough
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ho-Fung
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Anne Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cahill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Children; Image fusion; Interventional radiology; Sclerotherapy; Vascular imaging; Vascular malformations