title: Correlates of household food insecurity and low dietary diversity in rural Cambodia.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify correlates of household food insecurity and poor dietary diversity in rural Cambodia. Trained interviewers administered a survey to 900 households in four rural districts of Prey Veng Province, Cambodia. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) were used to assess household food insecurity and dietary diversity. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to identify independent correlates of household food insecurity and poor dietary diversity (HDDS<or=3). The mean±SD HFIAS and HDDS scores were 5.3±3.9 and 4.7±1.6, respectively. The respective prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity were 33%, 37%, and 12%; and 23% of households had an HDDS<or=3. In multivariate analyses, several indicators of socioeconomic status, and ownership of agricultural land were associated with household food security status, although the latter association lost its significance in models that adjusted for household income. Similarly, although ownership of agricultural and homestead land was initially associated with poorer dietary diversity, income mitigated these associations. The presence of electricity and vegetable production were the only other variables that were significantly associated with both outcomes. In this rural area of Cambodia, the prevalence of any degree of household food insecurity was very high and dietary diversity was generally low. Interventions to improve food security and dietary diversity should encompass income-generating activities and be targeted toward the poorest households.
authors.affiliation: Famine Early Warning Systems Network, 1747 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington DC, USA.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.affiliation: Helen Keller International, Asia Pacific Regional Office, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia.
authors.forename: Hou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kroeun
authors.affiliation: Helen Keller International, Asia Pacific Regional Office, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia.
authors.forename: Aminuzzaman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talukder
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Larry D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lynd
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada. Email: tim.green@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture; D002160:Cambodia; D004032:Diet; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D005523:Food Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D011203:Poverty; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012923:Social Class; D014675:Vegetables / Q000254:growth & development