title: Accuracy of hysteroscopic biopsy, compared to dilation and curettage, as a predictor of final pathology in patients with endometrial cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the methods of transcervical resectoscopy versus dilation and curettage (D&C) for endometrial biopsy and to compare these methods for the percentage of histological upgrades at the final posthysterectomy pathology findings in endometrial cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 253 cases of uterine cancer diagnosed from May 1995 to January 2014. Included in the study were patients who received transcervical resectoscopy (TCR) or D&C biopsy as the diagnostic method and underwent laparoscopic staging at our institution. The International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) grade in the pathological report of the biopsy and final hysterectomy were recorded. The extrauterine risk was stratified using the initial FIGO grade and depth of myometrium invasion. It was compared to the actual risk using final pathological findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 203 cases of endometrial cancer; 18 (8.9%) patients had a higher histological grade at the final hysterectomy. Among the 203 patients, 76 patients underwent TCR biopsy and 127 underwent D&C biopsy. The histological grade was upgraded in two (2.6%) patients in the TCR group. Three (3.9%) patients had positive peritoneal washings. In the D&C group, 16 (12.6%) patients with three (2.4%) positive peritoneal washings were upgraded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcervical resectoscopy could provide more precise grading information, compared to D&C (2.6% vs. 12.6%). Doctors could therefore make a more accurate staging plan, based on the preoperative risk evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Gen
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung & Lovers Lake Branch, Keelung City, Taiwan. Electronic address: leeendo@cgmh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Chiyi-Long
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D004107:Dilatation and Curettage; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: dilation and curettage; endometrial biopsy; endometrial cancer; hysteroscopic biopsy; resectoscopy