title: Local Polyethylene Glycol in Combination with Chitosan Based Hybrid Nanofiber Conduit Accelerates Transected Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incapability to promptly improve behavioral function after discontinuation of peripheral nerves is a current problem in clinical practice. Effect of local polyethylene glycol in combination with chitosan-based hybrid nanofiber conduit was assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan-based hybrid nanofiber conduit (Chitosan) filled with phosphate-buffered saline. In authograft group (AUTO), a segment of sciatic nerve was transected and reimplanted reversely. In polyethylene glycol-treated group (CHIT/PEG), the conduit was filled with polyethylene glycol solution. The regenerated fibers were studied within 12 weeks after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The behavioral and functional tests confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in PEG-treated group compared to Chitosan group (p < .05). The mean ratios of gastrocnemius muscles weight were measured. There was statistically significant difference between the muscle weight ratios of CHIT/PEG and Chitosan groups (p < .05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in CHIT/PEG than in Chitosan. In immuohistochemistry, the location of reactions to S-100 in CHIT/PEG was clearly more positive than Chitosan group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  polyethylene glycol solution when loaded in a chitosan-based hybrid nanofiber conduit resulted in acceleration of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences , Sanandaj , Iran.|b Cellular & Molecular Research Center , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences , Sanandaj , Iran.
authors.forename: Aram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mokarizadeh
authors.affiliation: c Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences , Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University , Urmia , Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehrshad
authors.affiliation: d Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging , Urmia University , Urmia , Iran.
authors.forename: Rahim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects*; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: chitosan based hybrid nanofiber; local; peripheral nerve repair; polyethylene glycol; sciatic