title: Feasibility of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion surgery combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress to simulate the post-stroke depressive state in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (FCIR) surgery combined chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to simulate the post-stroke depression (PSD) state in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided randomly into five groups: the normal, sham, FCIR, CUMS, and FCIR + CUMS (F/C) groups. Rats in the FCIR and F/C groups underwent an FCIR operation. Rats in CUMS and F/C groups were single-housed and exposed to CUMS for 4 weeks. Rats in the F/C group underwent CUMS for 4 weeks after FCIR surgery. The gain in bodyweight, the sugar consumption ratio in a sucrose preference test (SPT), and behavior, including spontaneous moves (SM), the duration of time spent in the center arena (duration), and the number of rearings (rearing) in an open field test (OFT), were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats in the CUMS and F/C groups had a smaller gain in bodyweight (P < 0.05). The sugar consumption ratio was reduced significantly in the CUMS and F/C groups compared with the normal and FCIR groups (P < 0.05). The number of SM was significantly lower in the FCIR group compared with the normal group. SM, duration, and rearing were reduced significantly in the CUMS and F/C groups relative to the normal group. Furthermore, the number of rearings was lower in the F/C group compared with the CUMS group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anhedonia, a lack of curiosity, and inactivity were observed in the F/C rats, which exhibited depression-like symptoms after FCIR surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Load 76, Chongqing, China. niulingchuan@cqmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lingchuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Xinhao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Load 76, Chongqing, China. 84301854@qq.com.
authors.forename: LiXinhao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Load 76, Chongqing, China. 1357107876@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Load 76, Chongqing, China. 443726389@qq.com.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Load 76, Chongqing, China. licq9217@163.com.
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005518:Food Preferences; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D051381:Rats; D015424:Reperfusion; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D013395:Sucrose
chemical_list: D013395:Sucrose