title: Compliant glass-polymer hybrid single ion-conducting electrolytes for lithium batteries.
abstract: Despite high ionic conductivities, current inorganic solid electrolytes cannot be used in lithium batteries because of a lack of compliance and adhesion to active particles in battery electrodes as they are discharged and charged. We have successfully developed a compliant, nonflammable, hybrid single ion-conducting electrolyte comprising inorganic sulfide glass particles covalently bonded to a perfluoropolyether polymer. The hybrid with 23 wt% perfluoropolyether exhibits low shear modulus relative to neat glass electrolytes, ionic conductivity of 10(-4) S/cm at room temperature, a cation transference number close to unity, and an electrochemical stability window up to 5 V relative to Li(+)/Li. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates that the hybrid electrolyte limits lithium polysulfide dissolution and is, thus, ideally suited for Li-S cells. Our work opens a previously unidentified route for developing compliant solid electrolytes that will address the challenges of lithium batteries.
authors.affiliation: Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
authors.forename: Irune
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Villaluenga
authors.affiliation: Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
authors.forename: Kevin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wujcik
authors.affiliation: Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290;
authors.forename: Dominica H C
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; desimone@unc.edu nbalsara@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DeSimone
authors.affiliation: Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 desimone@unc.edu nbalsara@berkeley.edu.
authors.forename: Nitash P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Balsara
keywords: fluorinated polymers; hybrid electrolytes; inorganic sulfide glasses; lithium batteries; lithium-sulfur batteries