title: Intravenous paracetamol for relief of pain during transrectal-ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: Transrectal-ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PBx) is the standard procedure for diagnosing prostate cancer. The procedure does cause some pain and discomfort; therefore, an adequate analgesia is necessary to ensure patient comfort, which can also facilitate good-quality results. This prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study aimed to determine if intravenous (IV) paracetamol can reduce the severity of pain associated with TRUS-PBx. The study included 104 patients, scheduled to undergo TRUS-PBx with a suspicion of prostate cancer, that were prospectively randomized to receive either IV paracetamol (paracetamol group) or placebo (placebo group) 30 minutes prior to TRUS-PBx. All patients had 12 standardized biopsy samples taken. Pain was measured using a 10-point visual analog pain scale during probe insertion, during the biopsy procedure, and 1 hour postbiopsy. All biopsies were performed by the same urologist, whereas a different urologist administered the visual analog pain scale. There were not any significant differences in age, prostate-specific antigen level, or prostate volume between the two groups. The pain scores were significantly lower during probe insertion, biopsy procedure, and 1 hour postbiopsy in the paracetamol group than in the placebo group. In conclusion, the IV administration of paracetamol significantly reduced the severity of pain associated with TRUS-PBx.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozcan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. Electronic address: drmuratakand@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akand
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kulaksizoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Haliloglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medicana Hospital, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seher
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanidik
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Meram Medical School, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Piskin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kolan International Hospital Şişli, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yurdakul
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D003710:Demography; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000473:pathology*; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D000082:Acetaminophen
keywords: Analgesia; Biopsy; Paracetamol; Prostate; Transrectal ultrasound