title: [Association between serum leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, obesity and hypertension in female].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between serum leptin, adiponectin, visfatin levels and obesity and essential hypertension in female subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  According to BMI and blood pressure, 206 female participants enrolled were divided into four groups: group 1: obesity and hypertension (48 cases); group 2: non-obesity but hypertension (48 cases); group 3: obesity and normotension (56 cases) and group 4: normal BMI and blood pressure (54 cases). Serum leptin, adiponectin and visfatin levels were detected and their relationships to BMI, blood pressure and waist circumference were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in non-obese groups [group 2: (4.47 ± 1.26) ng/L, group 4: (3.73 ± 1.18) ng/L] than in obese groups [group 1: (2.97 ± 1.46) ng/L, group 3: (3.02 ± 1.18) ng/L], and higher in hypertension groups than in normotension groups. Serum adiponectin levels were obviously higher in group 4 [38.99 (19.75, 103.71) µg/L] than in the other three groups. There were no significant differences in adiponectin levels among group 1, 2 and 3. Serum levels of visfatin were lower in normotension groups [group 3: 3.19 (0.96, 9.45) ng/L; group 4:3.23 (1.92, 4.64) ng/L] than in hypertension groups [group 1: 3.84 (3.40, 5.35) ng/L; group 2: 3.75(1.63, 6.67) ng/L] irrespective of obesity. Logistics regression analysis showed that there was 1.6%, 8.3%, or 5.45% increased risk for hypertension for each 1 µg/L decrease in adiponectin, 1 cm increase in waist circumference, or 1 µg/L increase in visfatin level in obesity, respectively. No relationship could be viewed between leptin and hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin and visfatin levels were correlated with obesity and blood pressure in females. Both adipokines may play a crucial role in the development of hypertension in female obesity.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Rongjing
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Center of Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Email: muyiyuan118@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Baoheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dayi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D000075222:Essential Hypertension; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D016015:Logistic Models; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; D020738:Leptin; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human