title: [Reactive nitrogen loss pathways and their effective factors in paddy field in southern China].
abstract: Based on the literature data, the N20 emission, N leaching, N runoff and NH3 volatilization were compared from different rice production regions and their effective factors were evaluated. The results showed that N2 0 emission, N leaching and N runoff in single rice in Yangtze River basin were higher than in other rice production regions, with N loss of 1.89, 6.4 and 10.4 kg N · hm(-2), and N loss rate of 0.8%, 3.8% and 5.3%, respectively. The high N20 emission, N leaching and N runoff in these regions might be attributed to high-rate N application and dry-wet alternation. The NH3 volatilization was the highest in late rice in southern China, with N loss of 54.9 kg N · hm(-2) and N loss rate of 35.2% due to higher temperature at late rice growing stage. In the field, the practice often decreased one reactive N loss but increased another one, indicating that intergated practical management is necessary to reduce reactive N loss. Reactive N loss often increase with increasing grian yield, which is associed with the high-rate N application. The N20 emission, N leaching and N runoff decreased with increasing the partial factor productivity of applied N (PFP). Therefore, reducing N losses per unit of yield is necessary for integrating higher yield with minimum environmental pollution.
authors.forename: Gui-liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen-ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xin-ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fu-suo
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jia-hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shou-hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D002681:China; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D005308:Fertilizers; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D012275:Oryza / Q000254:growth & development*; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D009584:Nitrogen