title: Growth changes in the soft tissue profile of Yemenis females: A cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the changes in soft tissue parameters of three age groups of untreated Yemenis females.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample comprised 300 Yemeni females which were randomly selected and divided according to age into three equal groups (Group I: 7.34 ± 0.65 years [prepubertal], Group II: 11.11 ± 1.07 years [pubertal], and Group III: 22.17 ± 3.04 years [postpubertal]). Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken for each subject, and soft tissue measurements were performed. Comparison between the three groups was done. One cephalogram representing the mean of its group was selected from the three groups; the selected three cephalograms (one from each group) were superimposed for growth changes evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Linear, as well as angular soft tissue measurements were significant for all measurements between the different age groups except Ls-Sn Pog', Li-Sn Pog', GSn Pog' and nasolabial angle, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identified changes with growth in Yemeni females having Class I skeletal and dental relationship should be considered during planning for orthodontic and/or orthognathic treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fatma A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Elsayed
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hoda M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Abdel Aziz
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amany H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Abdel Ghany
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Samah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Al-Sharif
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fouad A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: El-Sharaby
keywords: Female; Yemeni; growth; lateral cephalometry; profile changes