title: Community-wide changes in intertaxonomic temporal co-occurrence resulting from phenological shifts.
abstract: Global climate change is known to affect the assembly of ecological communities by altering species' spatial distribution patterns, but little is known about how climate change may affect community assembly by changing species' temporal co-occurrence patterns, which is highly likely given the widely observed phenological shifts associated with climate change. Here, we analyzed a 29-year phenological data set comprising community-level information on the timing and span of temporal occurrence in 11 seasonally occurring animal taxon groups from 329 local meteorological observatories across China. We show that widespread shifts in phenology have resulted in community-wide changes in the temporal overlap between taxa that are dominated by extensions, and that these changes are largely due to taxa's altered span of temporal occurrence rather than the degree of synchrony in phenological shifts. Importantly, our findings also suggest that climate change may have led to less phenological mismatch than generally presumed, and that the context under which to discuss the ecological consequences of phenological shifts should be expanded beyond asynchronous shifts.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.|Program in Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Fangyuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Junhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
authors.forename: Xingli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Giam
authors.affiliation: Program in Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
authors.forename: Tien Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10029, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Climate Studies, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Qiaoyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
authors.forename: Zhengwang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Climate Studies, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Xuejie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10029, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D058448:Biota; D002681:China; D057231:Climate Change; D007313:Insecta / Q000502:physiology*; D012621:Seasons; D013045:Species Specificity; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000502:physiology*; D014887:Weather
keywords: China; climate change; community assembly; interspecific temporal overlap; phenological shift; temporal occurrence window