title: Twenty-eight-year review of childhood renal diseases from renal biopsy data: A single centre in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of biopsy-proven childhood renal diseases and to compare the trends and changes during two different time intervals between 1984 and 2011 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed kidney biopsy data from children with renal diseases and compared the data during two time intervals, namely 1984-1997 and 1998-2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1313 children were enrolled in the present study. There were 921 children with primary glomerular disease (PGD) and 312 children with secondary glomerular disease (SGD), accounting for 70.1% and 23.8% of participants, respectively. The major clinical manifestation of PGD was nephrotic syndrome (NS), which accounted for 31.2% of cases, while the main aetiology of SGD was lupus nephritis (40.7%). The main biopsy patterns of PGD were IgA nephritis (27.6%), minimal change disease (24.0%), and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (16.9%). PGD was the major class of disease in both time intervals, but the ratio of PGD decreased over time, while the ratio of SGD and other glomerular diseases increased. PGD was also the major class of disease in each age group; however, the incidence of PGD decreased with increasing age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence patterns of paediatric renal diseases changed over the 28-year period of this study. Our results show that different renal diseases characterize different age intervals. Furthermore, there are several associations between clinical presentation and biopsy features in childhood renal disease.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Mengjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Zizheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Liangzhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinic Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology*; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009402:Nephrosis, Lipoid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: clinical nephrology; long-term outcomes; paediatric nephrology; renal biopsy