title: Marijuana Use and Psychiatric Disorders in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Youth: Does HIV Matter?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine longitudinal reciprocal relationships between marijuana use and psychiatric disorders, and identify the role of HIV in a sample (N = 340) of youth perinatally infected with HIV (PHIV+) and youth perinatally exposed but uninfected with HIV (PHIV-) (60.6% PHIV+; 9-16 years at baseline; 51% female).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-lagged structural equation modeling was used to examine longitudinal associations between changes in marijuana use and changes in any behavioral, mood, and anxiety disorders at three time points across adolescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Marijuana use predicted behavioral and mood disorders in youth, regardless of HIV status. Behavioral and mood disorders predicted marijuana use for PHIV- youth; behavioral disorders predicted marijuana use for PHIV+ youth. Anxiety disorders and marijuana use were not associated for either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For PHIV+ and PHIV- youth, interventions that target early marijuana use may reduce later psychiatric disorders. Similarly, treatment for early behavioral disorders may prevent subsequent marijuana use.
authors.affiliation: HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, ke2143@cumc.columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Katherine S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Elkington
authors.affiliation: Special Needs Clinic, New York Presbyterian Hospital and Columbia University Medical Center, and.
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Warne
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University.
authors.forename: E Karina
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Santamaria
authors.affiliation: HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute.
authors.forename: Curtis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dolezal
authors.affiliation: HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute.
authors.forename: Claude A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mellins
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: adolescent HIV; longitudinal; marijuana use; perinatal HIV; psychiatric disorders