title: Effect of Intravenous Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) on Hemodynamic Parameters Following Endotracheal Tube Intubation and Postoperative Pain in Caesarian Section Surgeries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Use of analgesics, especially opioids, before delivery during cesarean section for preventing hemodynamic changes after endotracheal intubation and postoperative analgesia is limited due to their adverse effects on the neonate.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intravenous acetaminophen (paracetamol) in blunting hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation and postoperative pain in parturient undergoing cesarean section by general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty parturients undergoing cesarean section by general anesthesia were randomly divided to receive either 15 mg/kg intravenous paracetamol (n = 40) or normal saline (n = 40) fifteen minutes before endotracheal intubation. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and pulse rates were compared at baseline and after intubation at one minute interval for five minutes between the two groups. The patients were also compared for postoperative pain intensity and analgesic requirement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in the saline group experienced more pain in the recovery room (VAS 7.0 ± 1.24 vs. 6.15 ± 2.27; P value = 0.041) and required more fentanyl intraoperatively (150 µg vs. 87.7 ± 75; P value < 0.01) and meperidine postoperatively (12.88 ± 20.84 mg vs. 1.35 ± 5.73; P value = 0.002) than the paracetamol group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) changes were similar after intubation in the both groups (P value = 0.71), however, pulse rates showed greater changes following intubation in the saline group (P value = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous acetaminophen administered before caesarean section reduced tachycardia after intubation, narcotic drugs administration during and after the operation and reduced pain in PACU.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiac Anesthesia Research Center, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Ghasem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soltani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Amirmasoud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molkizadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiac Anesthesia Research Center, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amini
keywords: Acetaminophen; Cesarean Section; Hemodynamics; Pain; Postoperative