title: Diagnosis of early-stage esophageal cancer by Raman spectroscopy and chemometric techniques.
abstract: Esophageal cancer is a disease with high mortality. In order to improve the 5 year survival rate after cancer treatment, it is important to develop a method for early detection of the cancer and for therapy support. There is increasing evidence that Raman spectroscopy, in combination with chemometric analysis, is a powerful technique for discriminating pre-cancerous and cancerous biochemical changes. In the present study, we used Raman spectroscopy to examine early-stage (stages 0 and I) esophageal cancer samples ex vivo. Comparison between the Raman spectra of cancerous and normal samples using a t-test showed decreased concentrations of glycogen, collagen, and tryptophan in cancerous tissue. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis and self-organization maps (SOMs) discriminated the datasets of cancerous and normal samples into two groups, but there was a relatively large overlap between them. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on Raman bands found in the t-test was able to predict the tissue types with 81.0% sensitivity and 94.0% specificity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan. ishigaki@kwansei.ac.jp hidesato@kwansei.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishigaki
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.forename: Bibin B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Andriana
authors.forename: Ryu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Kanet
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wongravee
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D048088:Informatics / Q000379:methods*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012372:ROC Curve; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*