title: Prevalence and Predictors of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients With Stable Chronic Heart Failure: The SchlaHF Registry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective study investigated the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and its predictors in patients with stable chronic heart failure (HF).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  SDB is increasingly recognized as being important in patients with HF.
  
  
  METHODS
  The multicenter SchlaHF (Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Heart Failure) registry provides demographic and clinical data on chronic, stable, symptomatic patients with HF (New York Heart Association functional class ≥II; left ventricular rejection fraction ≤45%). Moderate-to-severe SDB (apnea-hypopnea index ≥15/h) was determined by a 2-channel screening device (ApneaLink, ResMed, Sydney, Australia).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 6,876 patients were analyzed. The prevalence of moderate-to-severe SDB was 46%, with a significant sex difference: 36% in women (n = 1,448) versus 49% in men (n = 5,428). Prevalence of SDB rose with increasing age (31%, 39%, 45%, 52%, and 59% in those age ≤50, >50 to 60, >60 to 70, >70 to 80, and >80 years, respectively). Risk factors for SDB were body mass index (per 5 units; odds ratio [OR]: 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22 to 1.36), left ventricular rejection fraction (per 5% decrement from 45%; OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.14), age (per 10-year difference to 60 years; OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.34 to 1.49), atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.34), and male sex (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.67 to 2.17).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SchlaHF registry data demonstrate a high prevalence of SDB in a representative population of stable patients with chronic HF receiving contemporary medical management. Male sex, age, body mass index, and the severity of both symptoms and left ventricular dysfunction were clinical predictors for prevalent SDB. (Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Type of Sleep-disordered Breathing in Patients With Chronic, Symptomatic, Systolic Heart Failure; NCT01500759).
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address: michael.arzt@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arzt
authors.affiliation: Sleep and Ventilation Center Blaubeuren, Respiratory Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany; ResMed Science Center, Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woehrle
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.affiliation: ResMed Science Center, Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graml
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suling
authors.affiliation: Clinic III for Internal Medicine, Heart Center University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Erland
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teschler
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wegscheider
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013318:Stroke Volume; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Cheyne-Stokes respiration; heart failure; sleep apnea; sleep-disordered breathing