title: Pre-concentration of trace amount of bisphenol A in water samples by palm leaf ash and determination with high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: Palm leaf ash was characterized and used as low-cost adsorbent for solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of bisphenol A (BPA) in real water samples. Analysis of BPA was carried out using HPLC involving Eurospher 100-5-C18 (25 cm × 4.5 mm, particle size 5 μm) column and water-acetonitrile (40:60, v/v) as mobile phase. The adsorption was achieved quantitatively at a pH of 6 with elution by 3 mL acetonitrile. The limits of detection and enrichment factor were 0.02 μg L(-1) and 333, respectively. Under optimum conditions the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2% (n = 10). Comparison of qualification criteria of presented preconcentration procedure with other research indicated that palm leaf ash adsorbent was better than many of the adsorbents in terms of cost and reusability. Also, the limit of detection, precision and enrichment factor were comparable and even better than the previously reported methods. Finally, the efficiency of method was computed by determination of trace amounts of BPA in sea, river, mineral and tap waters with recoveries of 93.3-105.5% and RSDs of 0.61-3.12%.. Briefly, the developed solid-phase extraction and Preparative layer chromatography (PLC) methods may be used for bisphenol A monitoring in any environmental water sample. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Razieh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sohrabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bahramifar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
authors.forename: Hamedreza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Javadian
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.|Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Shilpi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.|Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Vinod Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D065749:Phoeniceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: bisphenol A; high-performance liquid chromatography; palm leaf ash; preconcentration; solid-phase extraction