title: Intravenous Administration of Cilostazol Nanoparticles Ameliorates Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Injury Model.
abstract: It was reported that cilostazol (CLZ) suppressed disruption of the microvasculature in ischemic areas. In this study, we have designed novel injection formulations containing CLZ nanoparticles using 0.5% methylcellulose, 0.2% docusate sodium salt, and mill methods (CLZnano dispersion; particle size 81 ± 59 nm, mean ± S.D.), and investigated their toxicity and usefulness in a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury model (MCAO/reperfusion mice). The pharmacokinetics of injections of CLZnano dispersions is similar to that of CLZ solutions prepared with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and no changes in the rate of hemolysis of rabbit red blood cells, a model of cell injury, were observed with CLZnano dispersions. In addition, the intravenous injection of 0.6 mg/kg CLZnano dispersions does not affect the blood pressure and blood flow, and the 0.6 mg/kg CLZnano dispersions ameliorate neurological deficits and ischemic stroke in MCAO/reperfusion mice. It is possible that the CLZnano dispersions will provide effective therapy for ischemic stroke patients, and that injection preparations of lipophilic drugs containing drug nanoparticles expand their therapeutic usage.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. nagai_n@phar.kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. 1444420001d@kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. itoyoshi@phar.kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. funakami@phar.kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Funakami
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. h-nishikawa@fuso-pharm.co.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. kawabata@phar.kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsufumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawabata
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000077407:Cilostazol; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011817:Rabbits; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000077407:Cilostazol
keywords: cilostazol; injection formulation; ischemic stroke; nanoparticles; pharmacokinetics