title: Role of substance P in the cardiovascular system.
abstract: This article provides an overview of the structure and function of substance P signalling system and its involvement in the cardiovascular regulation. Substance P is an undecapeptide originating from TAC1 gen and belonging to the tachykinin family. The biological actions of substance P are mainly mediated through neurokinin receptor 1 since substance P is the ligand with the highest affinity to neurokinin receptor 1. Substance P is widely distributed within the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in the cardiovascular system. Substance P is involved in the regulation of heart frequency, blood pressure and in the stretching of vessels. Substance P plays an important role in ischemia and reperfusion and cardiovascular response to stress. Additionally, it has been also implicated in angiogenesis, pain transmission and inflammation. The substance P/neurokinin receptor 1 receptor system is involved in the molecular bases of many human pathological processes. Antagonists of neurokinin receptor 1 receptor could provide clinical solutions for a variety of diseases. Neurokinin receptor 1 antagonists are already used in the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic; Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Eliska
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mistrova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 2(nd) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: kruzliakpeter@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kruzliak
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic; Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chottova Dvorakova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013373:Substance P / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1; D013373:Substance P
keywords: Antagonist; Cardiovascular regulation; NK1 receptor; Substance P