title: Over-expression of nuclear NF-κB1 and c-Rel correlates with chemoresistance and prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to measure the expression and subcellular location of NF-κB1 and c-Rel protein in serous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and to test the correlation between NF-κB1 and c-Rel expression and clinicopathological parameters, chemoresistance, and prognosis of serous EOC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 63 specimens of serous EOC patients meeting the inclusion criteria with complete follow-up data were enrolled in our study. The specimens were divided into chemo-resistant group and sensitive group. The expression and subcellular location of NF-κB1 and c-Rel were assessed in paraffin sections using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between NF-κB1 and c-Rel protein expression and pathological characteristics of serous EOC, chemoresistance, prognosis and survival time was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive nuclear staining of NF-κB1 and c-Rel were significantly higher in the chemo-resistant serous EOC specimens than that in chemo-sensitive group. Lymph node metastasis and the nuclear expression of NF-κB1 and c-Rel were independent risk factors associated with chemotherapy resistance of serous EOC. Nucleus NF-κB1 and c-Rel expression along with FIGO stage were independent risk factors that strongly correlated with prognosis of serous EOC. Western blot result showed the protein level of NF-κB1 and c-Rel was significantly higher in chemoresistant group compared with in sensitive group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over-expression of nuclear NF-κB1 and c-Rel are strong risk factors associated with chemoresistance and the prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China. Electronic address: wm21st@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Chemoresistance; NF-κB1; Ovarian cancer; Prognosis; Survival analysis; c-Rel