title: The Potential of Metabolic Imaging.
abstract: Metabolic imaging is a field of molecular imaging that focuses and targets changes in metabolic pathways for the evaluation of different clinical conditions. Targeting and quantifying metabolic changes noninvasively is a powerful approach to facilitate diagnosis and evaluate therapeutic response. This review addresses only techniques targeting metabolic pathways. Other molecular imaging strategies, such as affinity or receptor imaging or microenvironment-dependent methods are beyond the scope of this review. Here we describe the current state of the art in clinically translatable metabolic imaging modalities. Specifically, we focus on PET and MR spectroscopy, including conventional (1)H- and (13)C-MR spectroscopy at thermal equilibrium and hyperpolarized MRI. In this article, we first provide an overview of metabolic pathways that are altered in many pathologic conditions and the corresponding probes and techniques used to study those alterations. We then describe the application of metabolic imaging to several common diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiac ischemia, and infection or inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Gialleonardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY. Electronic address: rahimikk@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Kayvan R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Keshari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008660:Metabolism; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography