title: A French crop-exposure matrix for use in epidemiological studies on pesticides: PESTIMAT.
abstract: Pesticide exposure assessment is a key methodological issue for epidemiological studies. The history of pesticide has proven difficult to obtain from individuals' report because of the wide range of active ingredients (AIs). We developed a crop-exposure matrix, which intends to reconstitute parameters of pesticide exposure in France since 1950. PESTIMAT is composed of tables crossing crops and AIs by year and providing the following metrics: (1) probability (proportion of farmers having used the AIs); (2) frequency (number of treatment days); and (3) intensity (application rate of the AIs in kg/ha). Metrics were obtained by the combination of six sources: (i) registration information from the Agriculture Ministry; (ii) information from agricultural bodies on products marketed; (iii) agricultural recommendations by the Plant Health Protection body; (iv) treatment calendars provided by farmers; (v) data from associations of farmers; and (vi) data from the industry. To date, 529 AIs usable between 1950 and 2010 are included in PESTIMAT: 160 fungicides; 160 herbicides; and 209 insecticides. When combined with duration and determinants of intensity, the metrics in PESTIMAT will make it possible to calculate exposure scores and to search for dose-effect relationships, an important criterion for causality judgment in epidemiology.
authors.affiliation: Equipe Santé Travail Environnement, Centre de Recherche INSERM U897, University Bordeaux Segalen, ISPED Case 11, Bordeaux, France.|INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.|CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baldi
authors.affiliation: Equipe Santé Travail Environnement, Centre de Recherche INSERM U897, University Bordeaux Segalen, ISPED Case 11, Bordeaux, France.|INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.|CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carles
authors.affiliation: Equipe Santé Travail Environnement, Centre de Recherche INSERM U897, University Bordeaux Segalen, ISPED Case 11, Bordeaux, France.|INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blanc-Lapierre
authors.affiliation: Nîmes University Hospital, BESPIM, Nîmes, France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fabbro-Peray
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR 1094, NeuroEpidémiologie Tropicale, Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Druet-Cabanac
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse, France.|Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR1331, Toxalim, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boutet-Robinet
authors.affiliation: CHU de Toulouse Purpan, Service de Médecine du Travail, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Soulat
authors.affiliation: Equipe Santé Travail Environnement, Centre de Recherche INSERM U897, University Bordeaux Segalen, ISPED Case 11, Bordeaux, France.|INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Ghislaine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bouvier
authors.affiliation: INSERM, UMR1086-Cancers et Préventions, Caen, France.|University Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France.|Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebailly
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010575:Pesticides