title: Pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance in Iranian veterans with sulfur mustard toxicity and different levels of pulmonary disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sulfur mustard (SM) is a strong alkylating agent that primarily targets the skin, eye and lung. The current study evaluated the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) assay in human serum of SM-exposed patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  sera of 35 SM-exposed patients and 19 healthy volunteers were recruited. Both groups had nonsmoker and nonalcoholic people with no diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and other pulmonary diseases (COPD because of smoking, asthma and so on). All patients had documented exposure to SM. The PAB was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SM-exposed patients with normal values for pulmonary function test and severe obstructive pulmonary disease demonstrated a significant increase in PAB value in compared with healthy volunteers (the PAB values in healthy volunteers, normal and severe patients were 48.74 ± 21.07 HK, 101.45 ± 32.68 HK and 120.23 ± 31.55 HK, respectively). However, the level of oxidation is not related to the severity of disease defined by spirometry findings. A significant negative correlation was established between the PAB value and FEV1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased PAB value in chemical casualties showed that these patients are exposed to oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: a Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .|b Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: B Fatemeh
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Nobakht M Gh
authors.affiliation: b Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Afsaneh Arefi
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Oskouie
authors.affiliation: c Pulmonary Department , Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Rasoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aliannejad
authors.affiliation: a Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezaei-Tavirani
authors.affiliation: d Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran .
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tavallaie
authors.affiliation: e Department of Basic Sciences , School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Alireza Akbarzadeh
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Baghban
authors.affiliation: f Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: g Faculty of Medicine , Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran , and.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Keramati
authors.affiliation: h Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran.
authors.forename: Daryoush Hamidi
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Alamdari
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009151:Mustard Gas / Q000633:toxicity*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000097:blood*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014728:Veterans
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D009151:Mustard Gas
keywords: Pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance; pulmonary disease; sulfur mustard