title: The Ala54Thr Polymorphism of the Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 Gene Modulates HDL Cholesterol in Mexican-Americans with Type 2 Diabetes.
abstract: The alanine to threonine amino acid substitution at codon 54 (Ala54Thr) of the intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) has been associated with elevated levels of insulin and blood glucose as well as with dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of this FABP2 polymorphism in Mexican-Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the context of a three-month intervention to determine if the polymorphism differentially modulates selected clinical outcomes. For this study, we genotyped 43 participant samples and performed post-hoc outcome analysis of the profile changes in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipid panel and body composition, stratified by the Ala54Thr polymorphism. Our results show that the Thr54 allele carriers (those who were heterozygous or homozygous for the threonine-encoding allele) had lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglyceride levels at baseline compared to the Ala54 homozygotes (those who were homozygous for the alanine-encoding allele). Both groups made clinically important improvements in lipid profiles and glycemic control as a response to the intervention. Whereas the Ala54 homozygotes decreased HDL cholesterol in the context of an overall total cholesterol decrease, Thr54 allele carriers increased HDL cholesterol as part of an overall total cholesterol decrease. We conclude that the Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 modulates HDL cholesterol in Mexican-Americans with T2D and that Thr54 allele carriers may be responsive in interventions that include dietary changes.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. lsalto@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Lorena M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Salto
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. buliming2002@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. lbeeson@llu.edu.|Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. lbeeson@llu.edu.
authors.forename: W Lawrence
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Beeson
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Section, JL Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA. anthony.firek@va.gov.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Firek
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. zcordero-macintyre@llu.edu.|Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. zcordero-macintyre@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Zaida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cordero-MacIntyre
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. mdeleon@llu.edu.
authors.forename: Marino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Leon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000409:Alanine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017058:Mexican Americans / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013912:Threonine; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; C493404:FABP2 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D013912:Threonine; D000409:Alanine
keywords: Ala54Thr polymorphism; FABP2; Mexican-Americans; type 2 diabetes interventions