title: Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on young vines in copper-contaminated soil.
abstract: High copper (Cu) levels in uprooted old vineyard soils may cause toxicity in transplanted young vines, although such toxicity may be reduced by inoculating plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of AMF on the plant growth, chlorophyll contents, mycorrhizal colonization, and Cu and phosphorus (P) absorption in young vines cultivated in a vineyard soil contaminated by Cu. Commercial vineyard soil with high Cu levels was placed in plastic tubes and transplanted with young vines, which were inoculated with six AMF species (Dentiscutata heterogama, Gigaspora gigantea, Acaulospora morrowiae, A. colombiana, Rhizophagus clarus, R. irregularis) and a control treatment on randomized blocks with 12 replicates. After 130 days, the mycorrhizal colonization, root and shoot dry matter (DM), height increment, P and Cu absorption, and chlorophyll contents were evaluated. The height increment, shoot DM and chlorophyll contents were not promoted by AMF, although the root DM was increased by R. clarus and R. irregularis, which had the greatest mycorrhizal colonization and P uptake. AMF increased Cu absorption but decreased its transport to shoots. Thus, AMF species, particularly R. clarus and R. irregularis, contribute to the establishment of young vines exposed to high Cu levels.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vítor Gabriel
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Ambrosini
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joana Gerent
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Voges
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ludiana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canton
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael da Rosa
authors.initials: Rda R
authors.lastname: Couto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Ademar Avelar
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jucinei José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Comin
authors.affiliation: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: George Wellington Bastos
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brunetto
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D027843:Vitis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010758:Phosphorus; D003300:Copper