title: Serum ethanolamine plasmalogens improve detection of cognitive impairment among elderly with high excretion levels of urinary myo-inositol: A cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several reports have implicated myo-inositol (MI) in myelin formation. We hypothesized that MI is involved in this process through facilitating the biosynthesis of ethanolamine plasmalogens (PlsEtns), which are the major component of myelin membranes, and essential for myelin formation and function. Excessive MI urinary excretion possibly causes PlsEtn deficiency, leading to demyelinating diseases including dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the association between cognitive impairment, serum levels of PlsEtn, and baseline levels of urinary MI excretion, in the enrollment of 55 memory clinic outpatients and 107 cognitively normal elderly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum PlsEtns were independently associated with cognitive impairment, and significantly reduced in memory clinic outpatients, especially in those with high urinary MI, as compared to normal elderly. On the other hand, there was no direct association between urinary MI and cognitive impairment, but urinary MI was significantly associated with serum hemoglobin A1c and amyloid β 1-40. The interaction between PlsEtn and urinary MI for cognitive impairment was statistically confirmed, and their combined usage improved diagnosis of cognitive impairment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We proposed the involvement of MI and PlsEtn in cognitive impairment pathology. In conclusion, serum PlsEtn may be useful in detecting cognitive decline among elderly with hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: maeba@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ryouta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maeba
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kishiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasunaga
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ushio
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komori
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimukai
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D010955:Plasmalogens / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D010955:Plasmalogens; C020791:phosphatidal ethanolamines; D007294:Inositol
keywords: Cognitive impairment; Ethanolamine plasmalogens; Hyperglycemia; Myelin; Myo-inositol