title: [Resting pressure of the tongue body on the tongue anchorage pad].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the resting pressure of the tongue body on the sagittal and vertical dimensions of the tongue anchorage pad (TAP), and to investigate the proper position of TAP as an anchorage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen volunteers with individual normal occlusion (4 males and 15 females, age 23-33 years) were recruited in the study. Individualized TAP was designed and made for each subject. On the sagittal dimension, the pressure along the midline at the level of the distal of the second premolar (PM2), the first molar (M1) and the second molar (M2) were measured. On the vertical dimension, pressures on TAPs with height of -3 mm, 0 mm, and 3 mm were measured, with 0 mm standing for the reference point recorded by the tongue position record. The tongue resting pressure of the volunteers in the upright position was measured by miniature sensors (FSS1500NS, Honeywell, USA) embedded in TAP. Nonparametric analysis was applied with the significant level of 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the vertical dimension, the pressure obtained at the height of -3 mm, 0 mm, and 3 mm were 105.83 Pa, 167.75 Pa, and 254.25 Pa, respectively (P<0.001). On the sagittal dimension, the pressure detected at the level of PM2, M1, and M2 were 177.64 Pa, 126.72 Pa, and 109.37 Pa, respectively (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tongue pressure rises significantly with the increase of TAP height. On the sagittal dimension, pressure decreases along the palatal midline in an anteroposterior direction. But in the clinical practice, we should also put comfort into consideration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Jing-jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Kai-fan
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Xue-mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Tian-min
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001641:Bicuspid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar; D010159:Palate; D011312:Pressure; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology*; D014716:Vertical Dimension; D055815:Young Adult