title: Far-reaching geometrical artefacts due to thermal decomposition of polymeric coatings around focused ion beam milled pigment particles.
abstract: Focused ion beam and scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) instruments are extensively used to characterize nanoscale composition of composite materials, however, their application to analysis of organic corrosion barrier coatings has been limited. The primary concern that arises with use of FIB to mill organic materials is the possibility of severe thermal damage that occurs in close proximity to the ion beam impact. Recent research has shown that such localized artefacts can be mitigated for a number of polymers through cryogenic cooling of the sample as well as low current milling and intelligent ion beam control. Here we report unexpected nonlocalized artefacts that occur during FIB milling of composite organic coatings with pigment particles. Specifically, we show that FIB milling of pigmented polysiloxane coating can lead to formation of multiple microscopic voids within the substrate as far as 5 μm away from the ion beam impact. We use further experimentation and modelling to show that void formation occurs via ion beam heating of the pigment particles that leads to decomposition and vaporization of the surrounding polysiloxane. We also identify FIB milling conditions that mitigate this issue.
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rykaczewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Mieritz
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Iezzi
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: D-K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: School for Engineering of Transport, Matter and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: FIB-SEM; heating artefacts; paints; pigments