title: Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin and its isolated compounds: antibacterial effect and antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Natural products display numerous therapeutic properties (e.g., antibacterial activity), providing the population with countless benefits. Therefore, the search for novel biologically active, naturally occurring compounds is extremely important. The present paper describes the antibacterial action of the Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin and ten compounds isolated from this oleoresin against multiresistant bacteria; it also reports the antiproliferative activity of the Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin and (-)-copalic acid.
  
  
  METHODS
  MICs and MBCs were used to determine the antibacterial activity. Time-kill curve assays provided the time that was necessary for the bacteria to die. The Minimum Inhbitory Concentration of Biofilm (CIMB50) of the compounds that displayed the best results was calculated. Cytotoxicity was measured by using the XTT assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diterpene (-)-copalic acid was the most active antibacterial and afforded promising Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values for most of the tested strains. Determination of the bactericidal kinetics against some bacteria revealed that the bactericidal effect emerged within six hours of incubation for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Concerning the antibiofilm action of this diterpene, its MICB50 was twofold larger than its CBM against S. capitis and S. pneumoniae. The XTT assay helped to evaluate the cytotoxic effect; results are expressed as IC50. The most pronounced antiproliferative effect arose in tumor cell lines treated with (-)-copalic acid; the lowest IC50 value was found for the human glioblastoma cell line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diterpene (-)-copalic acid is a potential lead for the development of new selective antimicrobial agents to treat infections caused by Gram-positive multiresistant microorganisms, in both the sessile and planktonic mode. This diterpene is also a good candidate to develop anticancer drugs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fariza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abrão
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Delfino
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: de Araújo Costa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jacqueline Morais
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Marques
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Senedese
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pâmela Tinti
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Ricardo
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ambrósio
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Cássio Sola
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Veneziani
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jairo Kenupp
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denise Crispim
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil. carlos.martins@unifran.edu.br.
authors.forename: Carlos Henrique G
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts