title: Association of Serum Magnesium Level with Odds of Prediabetes and Diabetes in a Southern Chinese Population: a Prospective Nested Case-Control Study.
abstract: Although emerging clinical evidence supports that magnesium deficiency is a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, there are sparse studies concerning the dynamic change of serum magnesium with the risk of diabetes and its early stages. In this nested case-control study, we performed a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test or a standardized steamed bread meal test in 178 subjects with incident glucose metabolism impairment (33 with type 2 diabetes and 145 with prediabetes) and 178 matched controls at baseline and at 3-year follow-up and determined the associations between baseline serum magnesium levels as well as changes in serum magnesium levels at follow-up and odds of prediabetes and diabetes. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratios of risk for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in the highest quartile of serum magnesium levels were 0.22 (95 % confidence intervals [CI] 0.10-0.49; p for trend <0.001) and 0.02 (95 % CI 0.00-0.29; p for trend = 0.009), respectively, as compared with the lowest quartile. In addition, a significant decline in the serum magnesium level was detected in type 2 diabetes cases (p = 0.015) at 3 years as compared with at baseline. These results suggest that a low magnesium level is an independent risk factor for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, and that the reduction of serum magnesium is associated with type 2 diabetes in a southern Chinese population.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Analytical and Testing Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xuebao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xuejiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Huihui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Analytical and Testing Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. lankywang@163.com.
authors.forename: Xianqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. sfx301@163.com.
authors.forename: Feixia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Diabetes; Dynamic change; Magnesium; Prediabetes