title: Kyphosis and Kyphoscoliosis Associated with Congenital Malformations of the Thoracic Vertebral Bodies in Dogs.
abstract: Congenital malformations of the thoracic vertebral bodies are commonly encountered in veterinary practice. These anomalies are prevalent in juvenile and adult small-breed dogs. These anomalous vertebrae typically result in various degrees of kyphosis and scoliosis in the region of the abnormality. They are thought to occur following developmental errors during embryonic or fetal vertebral segmentation and ossification; most are incidental. This article focuses on those anomalies of the thoracic vertebral bodies that lead to clinical signs of neurologic dysfunction. Based on a limited number of reported cases, the prognosis for surgically managed dogs with thoracic vertebral body abnormalities is favorable.
authors.affiliation: Neurology/Neurosurgery Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University Hospital for Animals, T6002C, Vet Research Tower, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: cwd27@cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Curtis W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.affiliation: Neurology/Neurosurgery Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University Hospital for Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, T6002A, Vet Research Tower, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Specialists and Emergency Services, 825 White Spruce Boulevard, Suite 100, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bouma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000002:abnormalities
keywords: Congenital; Hemivertebrae; Kyphosis; Malformation; Thoracic