title: Orthogonal Thin Film Photovoltaics on Vertical Nanostructures.
abstract: Decoupling paths of carrier collection and illumination within photovoltaic devices is one promising approach for improving their efficiency by simultaneously increasing light absorption and carrier collection efficiency. Orthogonal photovoltaic devices are core-shell type structures consisting of thin film photovoltaic stack on vertical nanopillar scaffolds. These types of devices allow charge collection to take place in the radial direction, perpendicular to the path of light in the vertical direction. This approach addresses the inherently high recombination rate of disordered thin films, by allowing semiconductor films with minimal thicknesses to be used in photovoltaic devices, without performance degradation associated with incomplete light absorption. This work considers effects which influence the performance of orthogonal photovoltaic devices. Illumination non-uniformity as light travels across the depth of the pillars, electric field enhancement due to the nanoscale size and shape of the pillars, and series resistance due to the additional surface structure created through the use of pillars are considered. All of these effects influence the operation of orthogonal solar cells and should be considered in the design of vertically nanostructured orthogonal photovoltaics.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. arman.ahnood@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahnood
authors.affiliation: Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sliz
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fabritius
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. an299@cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Arokia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nathan
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: G A J
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Amaratunga
keywords: Electric field confinement; Illumination uniformity; Orthogonal solar cells; Series resistance; Thin film solar cells