title: Extensive regulation of nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) expression in human tissues and tumors.
abstract: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a cofactor in redox reactions and a substrate for NAD-consuming enzymes, such as PARPs and sirtuins. As cancer cells have increased NAD requirements, the main NAD salvage enzymes in humans, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT), are involved in the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. Knowledge of the expression patterns of both genes in tissues and tumors is critical for the use of nicotinic acid (NA) as cytoprotective in therapies using NAMPT inhibitors. Herein, we provide a comprehensive study of NAPRT and NAMPT expression across human tissues and tumor cell lines. We show that both genes are widely expressed under normal conditions and describe the occurrence of novel NAPRT transcripts. Also, we explore some of the NAPRT gene expression mechanisms. Our findings underline that the efficiency of NA in treatments with NAMPT inhibitors is dependent on the knowledge of the expression profiles and regulation of both NAMPT and NAPRT.
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duarte-Pereira
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|Gene Regulation Group, i3S/IBMC - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pereira-Castro
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sarah S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Mariana Gonçalves
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|ICAAM - Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luís Teixeira
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.affiliation: IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of The University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.|Institute for Biomedicine - iBiMED & IEETA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Raquel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D010430:Pentosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010430:Pentosyltransferases; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human; C021864:nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase
keywords: NAMPT; NAPRT; alternative transcripts; anti-cancer therapies; human NAD salvage