title: Quantification and analysis of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements and fixations to detect oculomotor deficits.
abstract: Assessment of deficits in oculomotor function may be useful to detect visuomotor impairments due to a closed head injury. Systematic analysis schemes are needed to reliably quantify oculomotor deficits associated with oculomotor impairment via brain trauma. We propose a systematic, automated analysis scheme using various eye-tracking tasks to assess oculomotor function in a cohort of adolescents with acute concussion symptoms and aged-matched healthy controls. From these data we have evidence that these methods reliably detect oculomotor deficits in the concussed group, including reduced spatial accuracy and diminished tracking performance during visually guided prosaccade and self-paced saccade tasks. The accuracy and tracking deficits are consistent with prior studies on oculomotor function, while introducing novel discriminatory measures relative to fixation assessments - methodologically, a less complicated measure of performance - and thus represent a reliable and simple scheme of detection and analysis of oculomotor deficits associated with brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 10001, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. christopher.dicesare@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: DiCesare
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 10001, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.|Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Adam W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kiefer
authors.affiliation: Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nalepka
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 10001, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.|Sports Health and Performance Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.|The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Myer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D053483:Eye Movement Measurements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D061220:Oculomotor Nerve Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011698:Pursuit, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*; D015357:Vision Disparity
keywords: Concussion; Eye tracking; Fixation; Oculomotor; Saccade; Smooth pursuit