title: Oblique Positioning of the Stereotactic Frame for Biopsies of Cerebellar and Brainstem Lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Frame-based stereotactic biopsy has proven to be a safe procedure with a high diagnostic yield for patients. Different supratentorial localizations can easily be accessed by standardized stereotactic approaches. Cerebellar and brainstem lesions, however, are not easy to reach because the positioning of the frame pins often makes it impossible to address the entry point properly.
  
  
  METHODS
  By oblique positioning of the frame, cerebellar and brainstem lesions also can easily be accessed to take tissue samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modification of the standardized positioning of the frame allows for safe and straightforward stereotactic access even to cerebellar and brainstem lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany. Electronic address: johanna.quick@gmx.de.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quick-Weller
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duetzmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Bedjan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Behmanesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Lutz M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Weise
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marquardt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D020295:Brain Stem Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002528:Cerebellar Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy; D008297:Male; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques
keywords: Brainstem lesion; Cerebellar lesion; Children; Diagnostic procedure; Exact diagnosis; Frame-guided; Ponsglioma; Postoperative treatment; Stereotactic biopsy; Tumor tissue