title: Spotlight on HIV-1 Nef: SERINC3 and SERINC5 Identified as Restriction Factors Antagonized by the Pathogenesis Factor.
abstract: The Nef protein is an accessory gene product encoded by human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1/-2) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that boosts virus replication in the infected host and accelerates disease progression. Unlike the HIV-1 accessory proteins Vif, Vpr and Vpu, Nef was, until recently, not known to antagonize the antiviral activity of a host cell restriction factor. Two recent reports now describe the host cell proteins serine incorporator 3 and 5 (SERINC3 and SERINC5) as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 particle infectivity and demonstrate that Nef counteracts these effects. These findings establish SERINC3/5 as restrictions to HIV replication in human cells and define a novel activity for the HIV pathogenesis factor Nef.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. oliver.fackler@med.uni-heidelberg.de.|German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. oliver.fackler@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Oliver T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Fackler
mesh_terms: D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C103949:SERINC3 protein, human; C000602387:SERINC5 protein, human; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C514837:nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
keywords: HIV-1; Nef protein; SERINC3; SERINC5; restriction factors; virion infectivity