title: Foundations of MRI phase imaging and processing for Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM).
abstract: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is a novel MRI based technique that relies on estimates of the magnetic field distribution in the tissue under examination. Several sophisticated data processing steps are required to extract the magnetic field distribution from raw MRI phase measurements. The objective of this review article is to provide a general overview and to discuss several underlying assumptions and limitations of the pre-processing steps that need to be applied to MRI phase data before the final field-to-source inversion can be performed. Beginning with the fundamental relation between MRI signal and tissue magnetic susceptibility this review covers the reconstruction of magnetic field maps from multi-channel phase images, background field correction, and provides an overview of state of the art QSM solution strategies.
authors.affiliation: Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, USA; MRI Clinical and Translational Research Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, USA. Electronic address: mail@ferdinand-schweser.de.
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schweser
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Group, IDIR, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deistung
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Group, IDIR, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany; Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Reichenbach
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: MRI phase; MRT-Phase; Magnetische Suszeptibilität; Phasenprozessierung; QSM; magnetic susceptibility; phase processing