title: Comparison of the effects of letrozole and cabergoline on vascular permeability, ovarian diameter, ovarian tissue VEGF levels, and blood PEDF levels, in a rat model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of letrozole and cabergoline in a rat model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, controlled experimental study, the 28 female Wistar rats were divided into four subgroups (one non-stimulated control and three OHSS-positive groups: placebo, letrozole, and cabergoline). To induce OHSS, rats were injected with 10 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin from day 29 to day 32 of life, followed by subcutaneous injection of 30 IU hCG on day 33. Letrozole rats received with a single dose of 0.1 mg/kg letrozole via oral gavage, on the hCG day. Cabergoline rats received with a single dose of 100 µg/kg cabergoline via oral gavage, on the hCG day. All animals were compared in terms of body weight, vascular permeability (VP), ovarian diameter, ovarian tissue VEGF expression (assessed via immunohistochemical staining), and blood pigment epithelium-derived growth factor (PEDF) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The OHSS-positive placebo group (group 2) exhibited the highest VP, ovarian diameter, extent of VEGF staining, and lowest PEDF level, as expected. No significant difference was evident between the letrozole and cabergoline groups in terms of any of body weight; VP; PEDF level; ovarian diameter; or the staining intensity of, or percentage staining for, VEGF in ovarian tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Letrozole and cabergoline were equally effective to prevent OHSS, reducing the ovarian diameter, VP, and PEDF and VEGF levels to similar extents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sifa University Medicine School, Sanayi cad. No: 7 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. nurbuldanli@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Nur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, M.H. Tepecik Research and Education Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nesin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apaydın
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, M.H. Tepecik Research and Education Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emrah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Töz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sifa University Medicine School, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oya Nermin
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Sivrikoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sifa University Medicine School, Sanayi cad. No: 7 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Genç
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sifa University Medicine School, Sanayi cad. No: 7 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülüzar Arzu
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Sifa University Medicine School, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cengiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, M.H. Manisa Public Hospital, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eskicioğlu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077465:Cabergoline; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004873:Ergolines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D000077289:Letrozole; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016471:Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015843:Serpins / Q000097:blood*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood*; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D000077465:Cabergoline; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D004873:Ergolines; D005136:Eye Proteins; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine; D000077289:Letrozole; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009570:Nitriles; D015843:Serpins; D014230:Triazoles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
keywords: Cabergoline; Letrozole; Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; Pigment epithelium-derived growth factor; Vascular endothelial growth factor