title: Prevalence of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia in Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have been conducted to investigate the prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Iran. These studies have yielded different results. This meta-analysis was aimed to estimate the prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  International and national electronic databases were searched up to August 2014 including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Science Information Database, MagIran, and IranMedex as well as conference databases. All studies, in which the prevalence or cumulative incidence of preeclampsia in Iran was reported, were included in this meta-analysis. Thirty-six separate studies were assessed involving overall 132,737 participants, of which 4360 had preeclampsia and 49 had eclampsia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia was 0.05 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.06) and 0.23% (95% CI: 0.12%, 0.33%) respectively. The prevalence of preeclampsia, increased from 0.04 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.05) during 1996 to 2005 to 0.07 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.09) during 2010 to 2013, while the prevalence of eclampsia decreased from 0.30% (95% CI: 0.15%, 0.45%) to 0.01% (95% CI: 0.01%, 0.01%), during the same period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preeclampsia prevalence had an increasing growth and the eclampsia prevalence had declining growth in recent years. In addition, despite many studies aimed the prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Iran, there is a significant variation between the results. So, it is difficult to give an exact estimation of the preeclampsia and eclampsia prevalence in Iran.
authors.affiliation: Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. r.kharaghani@zums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Roghieh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kharaghani
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheraghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Batool
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Okhovat Esfahani
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mohammadian
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
authors.forename: Reyhaneh Sadat
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Nooreldinc
mesh_terms: D004461:Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence