title: The elusive endogenous adipogenic PPARγ agonists: Lining up the suspects.
abstract: The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the key decisive factor controlling the development of adipocytes. Ligand-mediated activation of PPARγ occurs early during adipogenesis and is thought to prime adipose conversion. Although several fatty acids and their derivatives are known to bind to and activate PPARγ, the identity of the ligand(s) responsible for initiating adipocyte differentiation is still a matter of debate. Here we review recent data on pathways involved in ligand production as well as possible endogenous, adipogenic PPARγ agonists.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Biochemistry, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hallenborg
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rasmus K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.affiliation: Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kouskoumvekaki
authors.affiliation: Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95695, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Postboks 2029, Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. Electronic address: kk@bio.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000502:physiology; D050156:Adipogenesis; D000818:Animals; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000502:physiology*; D011453:Prostaglandins
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011453:Prostaglandins
keywords: Adipogenesis; Cyclooxygenases; Lipoxygenases; PPARγ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Reactive oxygen species