title: Metabolic syndrome and selenium during gestation and lactation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Selenium (Se) has a dual role in metabolic syndrome (MS) development as it has an antioxidant action against both "good" and "bad" reactive oxygen species. This study evaluates Se body profile in dams which present MS during gestation and lactation, in order to elucidate a normal dietary Se's implication in this pathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were randomized into control (C) and fructose (F) groups. The rich fructose diet (65 %) during gestation and lactation periods induced MS in dams. Se body distribution was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the hepatic activity of the four antioxidant enzymes and the bimolecular oxidation were determined by spectrophotometry. The cardiac activity was monitored using the indirect tail occlusion method. Lipid and glucidic profile was also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite the fact that the diet supplied has 0.1 ppm of Se, the minimal dietary requirement for rats, F dams ate less amount of food, and therefore, they had lower Se retention. However, they had normal levels of Se in serum and milk. Dams with MS had Se depletion in heart and muscle joint to hypertension and a lower heart rate, and Se repletion in liver and kidney. Despite the increase in hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase activity found, lipid oxidation occurred-probably because superoxide dismutase activity was diminished. In heart, the activity and expression of the selenoprotein GPx1 were decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With these results, it is not possible to elucidate whether a dietary Se supplementation or a Se-restricted diet are good for MS; because despite the fact that GPx activity is increased in liver, it is also found, for the first time, that heart Se deposits are significantly decreased during MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, C/Profesor García González, No 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Fátima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nogales
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, C/Profesor García González, No 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: M Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ojeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, C/Profesor García González, No 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Paulina Muñoz
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Del Valle
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, C/Profesor García González, No 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, C/Profesor García González, No 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: M Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Murillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, C/Profesor García González, No 2, 41012, Seville, Spain. olimpia@us.es.
authors.forename: Olimpia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Carreras Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000209:etiology; D000070601:Diet, Carbohydrate Loading / Q000009:adverse effects; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D007774:Lactation; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005632:Fructose; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D012643:Selenium
keywords: Gestation; Lactation; Metabolic syndrome; Selenium