title: Association of the Glu504Lys polymorphism in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene with endothelium-dependent dilation disorder in Chinese Han patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In essential hypertension (EH), 30-50% of the variability in blood pressure is determined by genetic factors. The aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene Glu504Lys polymorphism is associated with 'alcohol flush' and might be associated with EH.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the Glu504Lys polymorphism in the ALDH2 gene with endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) disorder in Chinese Han patients with EH.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study enrolled 1210 patients with EH. The control group consisted of 1089 healthy subjects with normal blood pressure. Patients with EH were divided into normal brachial arterial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (EH1 group, n = 354) versus endothelial dysfunction (EH2 group, n = 856). ALDH2 gene Glu504Lys polymorphism was detected using a DNA microarray.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ALDH2 AA/AG genotypes and the A allele frequencies were significantly higher in the EH group compared with healthy controls (both P < 0.05) and significantly higher in the EH2 group compared with the EH1 group (79.8 vs 51.4%; 45.0 vs 29.1%, respectively; both P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the ALDH2 gene Glu504Lys polymorphism was independently associated with EH (dominant: odds ratio (OR) = 1.38; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.14-2.82; P = 0.01; additive: OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.12-2.44; P = 0.02) as well as with EDD in patients with EH (dominant: OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.16-3.01, P = 0.02; additive: OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10-2.87, P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ALDH2 Glu504Lys polymorphism was associated with EDD disorders in Chinese Han patients with EH, providing further evidence that this mutation and 'alcohol flush' are not harmless in this Asian population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Center of Health Physical Examination and Health Management, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Lu Zhou, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Department of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D000075222:Essential Hypertension; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
keywords: aldehyde dehydrogenase 2; endothelium-dependent dilation; essential hypertension; gene polymorphism