title: Persistent Müllerian duct structures presenting as hematuria in an adult: Case report of robotic surgical removal and review of the literature.
abstract: Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a male with retained Müllerian structures. Remnant excision must be considered due to the possibility of malignant degeneration. We review a case of delayed diagnosis in a 25-year-old man presenting with hematuria. Preoperative counseling must emphasize the risk of malignancy versus the risks to fertility. The da Vinci robot offers a novel, safe approach for excision of the relevant Müllerian structures. Dissection should be limited to structures superior to the cavernosal neurovascular bundles to preserve the continence and erectile function. A semen analysis is recommended preoperatively to determine effects on fertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Smith-Harrison
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Mehul S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Noah S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Schenkman
keywords: Laparoscopic surgery; Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome; robotic surgery