title: Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Ship Emissions over the Yangtze River Delta and East China Sea and Their Potential Environmental Influence.
abstract: The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) port cluster is one of five major port clusters in China and is home to Shanghai port, the largest port worldwide. In this study, an automatic identification system-based model was built to estimate the ship exhaust emissions in the YRD and the East China Sea within 400 km of the coastline. In 2010, the total emissions of SO2, NOX, and PM2.5 were 3.8 × 10(5) tonnes/yr, 7.1 × 10(5) tonnes/yr, and 5.1 × 10(4) tonnes/yr, respectively. More than 60% and 85% of the ship emissions occurred within 100 km and 200 km of the coastline, respectively. Ship emissions also showed distinct seasonal variability. The emission of SO2 and NOX by ships in hot spots, such as ports and vessel traffic hubs was much higher than that on land, with maximum SO2 and NOX intensities from ships that were 36 times and 17 times greater, respectively, than the maximal land-based emissions. The potential impact of ship emissions at six hot spots on the surrounding atmospheric environment was estimated with the HYSPLIT model. Our study demonstrated that ship emissions have an important impact on both the entire YRD region and on greater East China.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qianzhu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weichun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Computing Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huixin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Junlan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Civic Exchange , 23/F, Chun Wo Commercial Centre, 23-29 Wing Wo Street, Central, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Simon K W
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center , Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qingyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D045483:Rivers; D012621:Seasons; D012767:Ships / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions