title: Effect of Black Tea Consumption on Intracellular Cytokines, Regulatory T Cells and Metabolic Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of black tea intake on inflammatory cytokines and metabolic biomarkers in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thirty patients with T2DM were randomly assigned either to a High Intake (HI) group, consuming three cups (600 mL) of black tea per day; and a Low Intake (LI) group, administered 1 cup (200 mL) per day, each during a 12-week period. Intracellular cytokine expression, regulatory T cells (Treg), glycemic and lipid profiles were measured at baseline and following the tea intake period. Tea consumption correlated with major effects measured in peripheral blood of subjects that included significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, along with increased regulatory T cells CD3+ CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3, CD3+ CD4+ IL-10+ cells (an immunosuppressive phenotype), reduced (pro-inflammatory) CD3+ CD4+ IL-17+ cells and reduced Th1-associated CD3+ CD4+ IFN-Υ+ cells. Tea consumption was also observed to abolish the significance of an inverse correlation between total serum cholesterol and representation of CD4+ IL-4+ T cells, which may reflect protection against atopy-related oxidative stress. Outcomes of this study describe both advantages and limitations to consumption of black tea as an aid to sustained health maintenance by persons at-risk for TD2M and related obesity-associated metabolic syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Fadia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Debrecen University, Hungary.|Essential Biotherapeutics Sarl, Rte. de la Vallee 26, 1874, Champery, Switzerland.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Ebaa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Al-Ozairi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dashti
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D028241:Camellia sinensis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism*; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007378:Interleukins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013662:Tea
keywords: Treg cells; black tea; cytokines; diabetes; metabolic biomarkers