title: Integration of electrophysiological recordings with single-cell RNA-seq data identifies neuronal subtypes.
abstract: Traditionally, neuroscientists have defined the identity of neurons by the cells' location, morphology, connectivity and excitability. However, the direct relationship between these parameters and the molecular phenotypes has remained largely unexplored. Here, we present a method for obtaining full transcriptome data from single neocortical pyramidal cells and interneurons after whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in mouse brain slices. In our approach, termed Patch-seq, a patch-clamp stimulus protocol is followed by the aspiration of the entire somatic compartment into the recording pipette, reverse transcription of RNA including addition of unique molecular identifiers, cDNA amplification, Illumina library preparation and sequencing. We show that Patch-seq reveals a close link between electrophysiological characteristics, responses to acute chemical challenges and RNA expression of neurotransmitter receptors and channels. Moreover, it distinguishes neuronal subpopulations that correspond to both well-established and, to our knowledge, hitherto undescribed neuronal subtypes. Our findings demonstrate the ability of Patch-seq to precisely map neuronal subtypes and predict their network contributions in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fuzik
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeisel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Máté
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calvigioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuchio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szabó
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Linnarsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harkany
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004594:Electrophysiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods*; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger