title: Theoretical calculation of a composite pulse for2H broadband excitation by average Hamiltonian theory.
abstract: Quadrupolar echo NMR spectroscopy of solids often requires RF pulse excitation that covers spectral widths exceeding 100 kHz. In a recent work we found out that a four pulse, composite pulse COM-II ( [Formula: see text] ), provided robust broadband excitation for deuterium quadrupolar echo spectroscopy. Moreover, when combined with an eight step phase cycle, spectral distortions arising from finite pulse widths were greatly supressed. In this paper we report on a theoretical analysis COM-II with 8-step phase cycle by average Hamiltonian theory. This treatment is combined with the fictitious spin-1 operator formalism, and the mechanism of the 8-step phase cycling that minimizes the spectral distortions is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China ; UCCS, University Lille North of France, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59652, France.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Hunter College, New York, NY 10065.
authors.forename: Rabia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roopchand
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Radiological Sciences, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Physics, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Eugene S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Mananga
authors.affiliation: Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China ; UCCS, University Lille North of France, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59652, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Amoureux
authors.affiliation: Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue Brooklyn NY 11210.
authors.forename: Gregory S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Boutis
authors.affiliation: Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
authors.forename: Bingwen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
keywords: Composite pulses; Deuterium; Phase cycling; Quadrupolar Echo