title: US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis: executive summary.
abstract: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous environmental organisms that can cause chronic pulmonary infection, particularly in individuals with pre-existing inflammatory lung disease, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Pulmonary disease (PD) caused by NTM has emerged as a major threat to the health of individuals with CF, but remains difficult to diagnose and problematic to treat. In response to this challenge, the US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) and the European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) convened a panel of 19 experts to develop consensus recommendations for the screening, investigation, diagnosis and management of NTM-PD in individuals with CF. PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) methodology and systematic literature reviews were employed to inform draft recommendations, which were then modified to achieve consensus and subsequently circulated for public consultation within the USA and European CF communities. We have thus generated a series of pragmatic, evidence-based recommendations as an initial step in optimising management for this challenging condition.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: R Andres
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-5659
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Floto
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saiman
authors.affiliation: Division of Mycobacterial and Respiratory Infections, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1173, UFR Simone Veil, Versailles-Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, France AP-HP, Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Jerry A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nick
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Peadar G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Noone
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bilton
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Freeman Hospital High Heaton, Newcastle, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corris
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hempstead
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koetz
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sabadosa
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumo-Pédiatrie, Université René Descartes, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sermet-Gaudelus
authors.affiliation: Division of Child Health, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Ingen
authors.affiliation: Department. of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Winthrop
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Haworth
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D032921:Consensus; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications*; D019468:Disease Management; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: Atypical Mycobacterial Infection; Cystic Fibrosis; Respiratory Infection