title: Long-term administration of high doses of transdermal buprenorphine in cancer patients with severe neuropathic pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Buprenorphine is often administered by the transdermal route (transdermal buprenorphine [TB]) in cancer patients with severe neuropathic pain. However, high doses of TB of 140 µg/h are rarely used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three cancer patients with severe neuropathic Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores of 8-10 who were successfully treated with high doses of TB up to 140 µg/h along with other opioids and adjuvant analgesics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TB was administered for a long period of follow-up (9 months to 4 years, including 34-261 days of treatment with the dose of 140 µg/h), which allowed achievement of satisfactory analgesia (NRS 3-5) and good treatment tolerance. In all three patients, TB dose was gradually titrated from 35 to 140 µg/h, and all patients used morphine at least for some time for breakthrough and background pain management along with adjuvant analgesics. Two patients continued the treatment with TB until the end of life, and one patient is still receiving the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TB at doses of up to 140 µg/h in cancer patients with severe neuropathic pain seems to be effective and safe in combination with other opioids and with adjuvant analgesics, and may significantly improve patients' quality of life. Clinical studies may explore higher than maximal 140 µg/h TB doses recommended by a manufacturer, and also in combination with other opioids and adjuvant analgesics.
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Leppert
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kowalski
keywords: adverse effects; analgesia; cancer; neuropathic pain; transdermal buprenorphine; treatment