title: Outcomes and Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the intensive care unit (ICU), mortality is considered higher among renal transplant recipients than among nontransplantation patients. However, data regarding severe complications after kidney transplantation are scarce.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we evaluated all consecutive renal transplant recipients admitted to our ICU between July 2012 and July 2013 (n = 70), comparing their outcomes with those of a control group of nontransplantation patients admitted during the same period (n = 153). Among the transplant recipients, we compared survivors and nonsurvivors to identify predictors of ICU mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the transplant recipients was 52 ± 13 years. Of the 70 transplant recipients, 18 (25%) required mechanical ventilation, 28 (40%) required inotropic support, and 27 (39%) required hemodialysis, all of which are factors that worsen the prognosis significantly. Twenty-two (31%) of the transplant recipients died in the ICU and 17 (24%) died within 30 days after ICU discharge, rates similar to those observed for the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed similar mortality between recipient and control groups, albeit the mortality was higher in the clinical group. In the multivariate model, the need for mechanical ventilation and the need for hemodialysis were independently associated with mortality.
authors.affiliation: Renal Transplant Unit, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: I D B
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: renatoacaires@ig.com.br.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Caires
authors.affiliation: Renal Transplant Unit, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: D J B
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Goldenstein
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J C R
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pegas
authors.affiliation: Renal Transplant Unit, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.affiliation: Renal Transplant Unit, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: David-Neto
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003422:Critical Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000401:mortality; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017741:Survivors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data