title: Hemodynamic effects of Purkinje potential pacing in the left ventricular endocardium in patients with advanced heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various difficulties can occur in patients who undergo cardiac resynchronization therapy for drug-refractory heart failure with respect to placement of the left ventricular (LV) lead, because of anatomical features, pacing thresholds, twitching, or pacing lead anchoring, possibly requiring other pacing sites. The goal of this study was to determine whether Purkinje potential (PP) pacing could provide better hemodynamics in patients with left bundle branch block and heart failure than biventricular (BiV) pacing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients with New York Heart Association functional class II or III heart failure despite optimal medical therapy were selected for this study. All patients underwent left- and right-sided cardiac catheterization for measurement of LV functional parameters in the control state during BiV and PP pacing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximum dP/dt increased during BiV and PP pacing when compared with control measurements. This study compared parameters measured during BiV pacing with PP pacing and non-paced beats as the control state in each patient (717±171 mmHg/s vs. 917±191 mmHg/s, p<0.05; and 921±199 mmHg/s, p<0.005); however, the difference between PP pacing and BiV pacing was not significant. There was no difference in heart rate, electrocardiographic wave complex duration, minimum dP/dt, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, left ventricular end-systolic pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, or cardiac index when comparing BiV pacing and PP pacing to control measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hemodynamic outcome of PP pacing was comparable to that of BiV pacing in patients with advanced heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamaoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mine
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kodani
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kishima
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuyama
keywords: Cardiac resynchronization therapy; Congestive heart failure; Purkinje fiber