title: Total rhinectomy, a clinical review of nine cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A large proportion of malignancies involving the external nose can be managed with limited resection and local autologous reconstruction or, in some cases, radiotherapy as primary or adjuvant treatment. We highlight a small cohort of patients undergoing total rhinectomy for advanced nasal malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of all patients undergoing total rhinectomy in our institution from 2006 to 2014 was undertaken. We reviewed patient demographics, surgical management, adjuvant treatment, histology, reconstruction and outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients underwent total rhinectomy over an 8-year period, three of whom were being treated for recurrent disease. Eight patients had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and a single patient had an angiosarcoma. Two patients completed adjuvant radiotherapy. Seven patients underwent nasal prosthetic rehabilitation. All nine patients are alive and disease free at latest follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total rhinectomy is an uncommon procedure usually undertaken for extensive nasal malignancy. Nasal prosthetic rehabilitation is a viable method of reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. tksorl@outlook.com.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lennon
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kinsella
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Timon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery*; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Nasal carcinoma; Nasal reconstruction; Septal carcinoma; Total rhinectomy