title: A Combined Metabolomic and Proteomic Analysis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: The aim of this pilot study was to apply a novel combined metabolomic and proteomic approach in analysis of gestational diabetes mellitus. The investigation was performed with plasma samples derived from pregnant women with diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 18) and a matched control group (n = 13). The mass spectrometry-based analyses allowed to determine 42 free amino acids and low molecular-weight peptide profiles. Different expressions of several peptides and altered amino acid profiles were observed in the analyzed groups. The combination of proteomic and metabolomic data allowed obtaining the model with a high discriminatory power, where amino acids ethanolamine, L-citrulline, L-asparagine, and peptide ions with m/z 1488.59; 4111.89 and 2913.15 had the highest contribution to the model. The sensitivity (94.44%) and specificity (84.62%), as well as the total group membership classification value (90.32%) calculated from the post hoc classification matrix of a joint model were the highest when compared with a single analysis of either amino acid levels or peptide ion intensities. The obtained results indicated a high potential of integration of proteomic and metabolomics analysis regardless the sample size. This promising approach together with clinical evaluation of the subjects can also be used in the study of other diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, Poznań 60-780, Poland. jo.hajduk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hajduk
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, Poznań 60-780, Poland. a.klupczynska@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klupczynska
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, Poznań 60-780, Poland. p.derezinski@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dereziński
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, Poznań 60-780, Poland. jmatysiak@ump.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matysiak
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Ward, District Hospital in Mielec, 22a Żeromskiego Street, Mielec 39-300, Poland. piotrkokot@poczta.onet.pl.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kokot
authors.affiliation: Departmentof Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 4 Street, Poznań 60-781, Poland. dmnowak@ump.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Dorota M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Departmentof Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 4 Street, Poznań 60-781, Poland. gamar@man.poznan.pl.|Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 32 Strzeszyńska Street, Poznań 60-479, Poland. gamar@man.poznan.pl.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gajęcka
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 Street, Poznań 60-535, Poland. ewamarkwitz@poczta.fm.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nowak-Markwitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, Poznań 60-780, Poland. zkokot@ump.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Zenon J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Kokot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000378:metabolism*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007477:Ions; D010455:Peptides
keywords: chemometric analysis; combined metabolomic and proteomic approach; gestational diabetes mellitus; mass spectrometry