title: HIV-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) -Mediating Antibodies Decline while NK Cell Function Increases during Antiretroviral Therapy (ART).
abstract: Understanding alterations in HIV-specific immune responses during antiretroviral therapy (ART), such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), is important in the development of novel strategies to control HIV-1 infection. This study included 53 HIV-1 positive individuals. We evaluated the ability of effector cells and antibodies to mediate ADCC separately and in combination using the ADCC-PanToxiLux assay. The ability of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to mediate ADCC was significantly higher in individuals who had been treated with ART before seroconversion, compared to the individuals initiating ART at a low CD4+ T cell count (<350 cells/μl blood) and the ART-naïve individuals. The frequency of CD16 expressing natural killer (NK) cells correlated with both the duration of ART and Granzyme B (GzB) activity. In contrast, the plasma titer of antibodies mediating ADCC declined during ART. These findings suggest improved cytotoxic function of the NK cells if initiating ART early during infection, while the levels of ADCC mediating antibodies declined during ART.
authors.affiliation: Virus Research & Development Laboratory, Department of Microbial Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.|Infectious Disease Research Unit, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sanne Skov
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Virus Research & Development Laboratory, Department of Microbial Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Infectious Disease Research Unit, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fomsgaard
authors.affiliation: Virus Research & Development Laboratory, Department of Microbial Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borggren
authors.affiliation: Virus Research & Development Laboratory, Department of Microbial Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jeanette Linnea
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tingstedt
authors.affiliation: Viro-immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerstoft
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.
authors.forename: Gitte
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kronborg
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Line Dahlerup
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Court
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.affiliation: Virus Research & Development Laboratory, Department of Microbial Diagnostic and Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karlsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Q000187:drug effects*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D053804:Granzymes / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D017452:Receptors, IgG; C509213:GZMB protein, human; D053804:Granzymes