title: Effect of cooling of cooked white rice on resistant starch content and glycemic response.
abstract: Cooling of cooked starch is known to cause starch retrogradation which increases resistant starch content. This study aimed to determine the effect of cooling of cooked white rice on resistant starch content and glycemic response in healthy subjects. Resistant starch contents were analyzed on freshly cooked white rice (control rice), cooked white rice cooled for 10 hours at room temperature (test rice I), and cooked white rice cooled for 24 hours at 4°C then reheated (test rice II). The results showed that resistant starch contents in control rice, test rice I, and test rice II were 0.64 g/100 g, 1.30 g/100 g, and 1.65 g/100 g, respectively. Test rice II had higher resistant starch content than test rice I, hence used in the clinical study along with control rice to characterize glycemic response in 15 healthy adults. The clinical study was a randomized, single-blind crossover study. In the clinical study, test rice II significantly lowered glycemic response compared with control rice (125±50.1 vs 152±48.3 mmol.min/L, respectively; p=0.047). In conclusion, cooling of cooked white rice increased resistant starch content. Cooked white rice cooled for 24 hours at 4°C then reheated lowered glycemic response compared with freshly cooked white rice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Email: steffisonia@gmail.com; steffishalim@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Steffi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sonia
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Fiastuti
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Witjaksono
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Rahmawati
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ridwan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004063:Digestion; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013213:Starch / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D013213:Starch