title: Effects of Multiple Cleaning and Disinfection Interventions on Infectious Diseases in Children: A Group Randomized Trial in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of multiple cleaning and disinfection interventions in the homes and kindergartens, in reducing gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses of children.
  
  
  METHODS
  From October 2010 to September 2011, we performed a prospective, controlled study in China. 408 children under 5 years old were recruited and group randomized into intervention and control groups. Families and kindergartens in the intervention group were provided with antibacterial products for hand hygiene and surface cleaning or disinfection for one year. Each child's illness symptoms and sick leave were recorded every day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 393 children completed the study, with similar baseline demographics in each of the 2 groups. Except for abdominal pain, the odds of symptoms (fever, cough and expectoration, runny nose and nasal congestion, diarrhea), illness (acute respiratory illness and gastrointestinal illness), and sick leave per person each month were significantly reduced by interventions. The rates of fever, diarrhea, acute respiratory illness, gastrointestinal illness and sick leave per person per year were significantly decreased as well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Not only the acute respiratory and gastrointestinal illness but the sick leave rate in children were significantly reduced by multiple interventions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment Health and Related Product Safety, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Hai Qun
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment Health and Related Product Safety, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment Health and Related Product Safety, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xiantao city, Xiantao 433000, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xiantao city, Xiantao 433000, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Pin Zhang
authors.initials: PZ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xiantao city, Xiantao 433000, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Heng Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment Health and Related Product Safety, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Liu Bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004203:Disinfection; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D063373:Hand Hygiene; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibacterial agents; Child daycare centers; Communicable disease control; Domestic hygiene; Hand hygiene; Sick leave; Surface cleaning; Surface disinfection