title: Characterization of the papilionoid-Burkholderia interaction in the Fynbos biome: The diversity and distribution of beta-rhizobia nodulating Podalyria calyptrata (Fabaceae, Podalyrieae).
abstract: The South African Fynbos soils are renowned for nitrogen-fixing Burkholderia associated with diverse papilionoid legumes of the tribes Crotalarieae, Hypocalypteae, Indigofereae, Phaseoleae and Podalyrieae. However, despite numerous rhizobial studies in the region, the symbiotic diversity of Burkholderia has not been investigated in relation to a specific host legume and its geographical provenance. This study analyzed the diversity of nodulating strains of Burkholderia from the legume species Podalyria calyptrata. Diverse lineages were detected that proved to be closely related to Burkholderia taxa, originating from hosts in other legume tribes. By analyzing the genetic variation of chromosomal (recA) and nodulation (nodA) sequence data in relation to the sampling sites we assessed the geographical distribution patterns of the P. calyptrata symbionts. Although we found a degree of genetically differentiated rhizobial populations, a correlation between genetic (recA and nodA) and geographic distances among populations was not observed, suggesting high rates of dispersal and rhizobial colonization within Fynbos soils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa; Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, PO Box 2435, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium. Electronic address: benny.lemaire@uct.ac.za.
authors.forename: Benny
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lemaire
authors.affiliation: Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, PO Box 2435, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jannick
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Cauwenberghe
authors.affiliation: Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium.
authors.forename: Brecht
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Verstraete
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Samson
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chimphango
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stirton
authors.affiliation: Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, PO Box 2435, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Honnay
authors.affiliation: Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, PO Box 2435, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Smets
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee at JHI, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sprent
authors.affiliation: The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
authors.forename: Euan K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: A Muthama
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Muasya
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D044822:Biodiversity; D019117:Burkholderia / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D055170:Plant Root Nodulation; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D011938:Rec A Recombinases / Q000235:genetics; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013019:South Africa; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D000217:Acyltransferases; C060770:NodA protein, Rhizobiales; D011938:Rec A Recombinases
keywords: Burkholderia; Fynbos; Podalyria calyptrata; Rhizobia–legume interaction