title: Focal seizure associated with human parvovirus B19 infection in a non-encephalopathic child.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of acute symptomatic (at the time of documented brain insult) seizures and single unprovoked seizures are 29-39 and 23-61 per 100 000 per year, respectively. After stabilization of the patient, finding the etiology of the seizure is of paramount importance. A careful history and physical examination may allow a diagnosis without need for further evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the literature, severe central nervous system involvement has been reported from human parvovirus B19 infection. We reported a previously healthy 7-year-old girl who presented after an episode of focal seizure. She was afebrile and didn't have any focal neurological abnormalities. She had erythematous malar rash along with reticulating pattern of rash over her both upper extremities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parvovirus infection was suspected due to the characteristic erythematous malar rash. Serum human parvovirus B19 DNA polymerase chain reaction was positive which was consistent with acute parvovirus infection. Further confirmation of current infection was done with Sandwich enzyme immunoassays showing positive anti-B19 IgM Index (>1.1). IgG index was equivocal (0.9-1.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report an extremely rare presentation of non-febrile seizure from acute parvovirus infection in a child without encephalopathy who had an excellent recovery. Timely diagnosis can provide counselling regarding future seizure recurrence risk, curtail expenditure from expensive diagnostic work up and provide additional recommendations about potential risks to a pregnant caregiver.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. dsamanta@uams.edu.
authors.forename: Debopam
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Samanta
authors.affiliation: Division of Child Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Willis
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D016731:Erythema Infectiosum / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human; D012640:Seizures / Q000821:virology*
keywords: erythema infectiosum; human parvovirus B19; nonfebrile seizure