title: Naringin, a natural dietary compound, prevents intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc (Min/+) mouse model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Naringin is a natural dietary flavonoid compound. We aimed to evaluate the effects of naringin on intestinal tumorigenesis in the adenomatous polyposis coli multiple intestinal neoplasia (Apc (Min/+)) mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apc (Min/+) mice were given either naringin (150 mg/kg) or vehicle by p.o. gavage daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Mice were killed with ether, and blood samples were collected to assess the concentrations of IL-6 and PGE2. Total intestines were removed, and the number of polyps was examined. Tissue samples of intestinal polyps were subjected to the assays of histopathology, immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Apc (Min/+) mice fed with naringin developed less and smaller polyps in total intestines. Naringin prevented intestinal tumorigenesis without adverse effects. Histopathologic analysis revealed the reduction of dysplastic cells and dysplasia in the adenomatous polyps. The treatments' effects might arise from its anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis and modulation of GSK-3β and APC/β-catenin signaling pathways. Naringin also exerted its effects on tumorigenesis through anti-chronic inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Naringin prevented intestinal tumorigenesis likely through a collection of activities including anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, modulation of GSK-3β and APC/β-catenin pathways and anti-inflammation. Naringin is a potential chemopreventive agent for reducing the risk of colonic cancers.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yue
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Shandong Tumor Hospital, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Xiang
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China. quxj@ccmu.edu.cn.|Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. quxj@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xian-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007417:Intestinal Polyps / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D016207:Cytokines; D044950:Flavanones; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C005274:naringin
keywords: APC/β-catenin signaling pathway; Anti-inflammation; Anti-proliferation; Apc Min/+ mouse model; Apoptosis; Intestinal adenomatous polyps; Naringin