title: Association Between Menstrual Irregularity and Dry Eye Disease: A Population-Based Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether dry eye disease (DED) is associated with irregular menstruation among Korean women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this population-based study, we randomly selected 6502 women (19-50 year olds) from nationally representative participants in the fifth annual Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). Data were analyzed using logistic regression to evaluate the association between menstrual irregularity and DED, while controlling for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and parity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for the women's demographic characteristics, age and body mass index, lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and residential area), and parity, we found that menstrual irregularity was associated with an increased risk of DED (odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.17) and DED symptoms (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.89).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a significant association between DED and menstrual irregularity.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; †Department of Ophthalmology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; and ‡Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Yen
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Hyun-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Sun
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Na
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult