title: Comparison of Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) Bisexual and Genetic Sexing (Tapachula-7) Strains: Effect of Hypoxia, Fly Density, Chilling Period, and Food Type on Fly Quality.
abstract: The use of genetic sexing strain (GSS) insects in the sterile insect technique (SIT) makes necessary the revision of quality parameters of some stressful steps used during the packing process for aerial release because of possible differences in tolerance between fly strains. Here, we determined the effect of three periods of hypoxia (12, 24, and 36 h at pupal stage), three cage densities (1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 flies/cm2), two different foods (protein/sugar (1/24) and Mubarqui), and three chilling times (20 min [control], 90, and 180 min) on the quality parameters of flies of two Anastrepha ludens (Loew) strains (bisexual and GSS Tapachula-7). In general, the response to stressful conditions of both fly strains was qualitatively equivalent but quantitatively different, as flies of both strains responded equally to the stressful factors; however, flies of Tapachula-7 exhibited lower quality parameters than the control flies. Thus, hypoxia affected the flying ability but not the emergence or longevity of flies. The food type affected the adult weight; protein/sugar produced heavier flies that also survived longer and had a greater mating propensity. Flies under the lowest density were better fliers that those at the other two densities. Increasing chilling time reduced flight ability but not longevity or mating propensity. The implications of these findings for the use of A. ludens GSS in SIT programs are discussed herein.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arredondo
authors.forename: Lía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Díaz-Fleischer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003441:Crowding; D005260:Female; D005426:Flight, Animal; D005502:Food; D000860:Hypoxia; D008136:Longevity; D008297:Male; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D011679:Pupa / Q000502:physiology; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000502:physiology*