title: 1,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D3 Modulates Endometriosis-Related Features of Human Endometriotic Stromal Cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to evaluate modulatory effects of vitamin D3 on endometriosis-related features of endometriotic stromal cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of vitamin D3 on adhesion, invasion, proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine production, and angiogenesis potential of the eutopic (EuESCs), ectopic (EESCs), and control (CESCs) stromal cells from 25 women with and 20 women without endometriosis was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all groups, vitamin D3 significantly increased cell adhesion (P = 0.0013-0.042), while decreased invasion (P = 0.026-0.031) and proliferation (P = 0.0013-0.039) of EESCs and EuESCs. Such treatment also resulted in a significant decrease in IL-6 production by EESCs (P = 0.039), but had no significant effect on the IL-8 production. This vitamin also caused significant decrease in Bcl-2 gene expression by EuESCs (P = 0.04) and Bcl-xL by EESCs (P = 0.044-0.009). In addition, vitamin D3 treatment reduced VEGF-A gene expression by EESCs (P = 0.046-0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on substantial favourable in vitro effects of vitamin D3 in endometriosis-related features of human endometriotic stromal cells, further investigations on therapeutic potential of this hormone in endometriosis are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali-Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Delbandi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shervin
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir-Hassan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zarnani
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000276:immunology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000276:immunology; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C000595707:BCL2 protein, human; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D002117:Calcitriol
keywords: Adhesion; angiogenesis; apoptosis; endometriosis; invasion; proliferation; vitamin D3