title: The Epidemiology of Male Breast Cancer.
abstract: Male breast cancer is a rare disease, accounting for only 1% of breast cancer diagnoses in the USA. The current literature suggests that genetic factors including BRCA2 mutations, family history, age, androgen/estrogen imbalance, and environmental exposures may predispose to male breast cancer. In this manuscript, we will review known and possible risk factors for male breast cancer, as well as describe the clinical patterns of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. ferzoco.raina@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Raina M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ferzoco
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. ruddy.kathryn@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ruddy
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D024682:BRCA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006223:Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D012307:Risk Factors; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D024682:BRCA2 Protein; C551750:BRCA2 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004967:Estrogens; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; C578634:CHEK2 protein, human
keywords: Breast neoplasms; Epidemiology; Male; Risk factors