title: Accumulation of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in agar cultures and in stationary and agitated liquid cultures of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.
abstract: Schisandra chinensis plant in vitro cultures were maintained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 1 mg/l 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in an agar system and also in two different liquid systems: stationary and agitated. Liquid cultures were grown in batch (30 and 60 days) and fed-batch modes. In the methanolic extracts from lyophilized biomasses and in the media, quantification of fourteen dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans identified based on co-chromatography with authentic standards using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and/or liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-ESI-MS) methods. For comparison purposes, phytochemical analyses were performed of lignans in the leaves and fruits of the parent plant. The main lignans detected in the biomass extracts from all the tested systems were schisandrin (max. 65.62 mg/100 g dry weight (DW)), angeloyl-/tigloylgomisin Q (max. 49.73 mg/100 g DW), deoxyschisandrin (max. 43.65 mg/100 g DW), and gomisin A (max. 34.36 mg/100 g DW). The highest total amounts of lignans in the two tested stationary systems were found in extracts from the biomass harvested after 30 days of batch cultivation: 237.86 mg/100 g DW and 274.65 mg/100 g DW, respectively. In the agitated culture, the total content reached a maximum value of 244.80 mg/100 g DW after 60 days of the fed-batch mode of cultivation. The lignans were not detected in the media. This is the first report which documents the potential usefulness of S. chinensis shoot cultures cultivated in liquid systems for practical purposes.
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland. a.szopa@uj.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szopa
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kokotkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. dr A. Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Marzec-Wróblewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, ul. dr A. Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bucinski
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luczkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ekiert
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002845:Chromatography; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D034242:Cyclooctanes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D017705:Lignans / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D032141:Schisandra / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D034242:Cyclooctanes; D017705:Lignans; C510994:dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan
keywords: Chinese magnolia vine; In vitro culture; Schisandra lignans; Schizandra; Shoot culture; Shoot-differentiating culture