title: Mechanisms for T cell tolerance induced with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been widely accepted as a mediator of T cell tolerance. The immune modulatory effect of G-CSF on T cells is believed to be mediated exclusively through other effector cells, such as monocytes, tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Recent advances confirmed the direct effects of G-CSF in inducing immune tolerance of T cells through the G-CSF-G-CSF receptor pathway and related molecular mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the findings associated with the direct and indirect mechanisms for T cell tolerance induced with G-CSF. The role of G-CSF in preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and in treating autoimmune diseases (ADs) is also discussed. It is conceivable that G-CSF and immune cell compositions, such as tolerogenic DC and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells, modulated by G-CSF could become an integral part of the immunomodulatory therapies against GVHD and ADs in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Zhu
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Qiao
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China. Electronic address: sun2010@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li-Xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Graft-versus-host disease; Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Immune tolerance; T cells