title: Update on preliminary elements of a theory of ultra high dilutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The different mechanisms: A. of the interaction between the molecular mother substance and the solvent water or ethanol B. of the storage of molecule-specific information in the solvent. C. the physiological basis of the sensitivity of the living organism towards an ultra high dilution (UHD). D. the mechanism of the interaction of the test dilution with the organism are largely unknown. Several ideas have been postulated, and experiments to test them carried out in physics and in biology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors revisited a 1994 contribution on 'preliminary elements of a theory on UHDs' and updated it with regard to more recent literature and research findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the experimental basis can still be questioned in most cases, remarkable fundamental observations have been made to explain the effects of UHDs. For some topics in question, it appears that information specific properties of the diluted substance to be transferred is stored by means electromagnetic fields. The interaction between the UHD and the organism seems to be electromagnetic in nature. The transmission of information from (bio-)molecules to the UHD is of special interest. Again, electromagnetic actions and vector potential fields appear to be implicated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mechanisms of information storage and transfer in UHDs are far from fully understood, but progress has been made at experimental and theoretical levels.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: jurgen.schulte@uts.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jurgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schulte
authors.affiliation: Interuniversity College for Health and Development Graz/Castle of Seggau, Austria.
authors.forename: Peter Christian
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Endler
mesh_terms: D006705:Homeopathy; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: Homeopathy; Information storage; Information transfer; Sensitivity; Ultra high dilutions