title: The bone marrow represents an enrichment site of specific T lymphocytes against filamentous fungi.
abstract: Bone marrow has already been described as an enrichment site for several antigen-specific T lymphocytes, but the presence of mould-specific T cells has never been investigated in the bone marrow. We have previously demonstrated that mould-specific T cells emerge in the peripheral blood of patients with invasive fungal infections (IFI) but tend to become undetectable after disease resolution. In seven patients with a history of IFI, we investigated the presence of mould-specific T cells secreting different cytokines in bone marrow and peripheral blood paired samples. The results showed that the frequencies of mould-specific T cells secreting the protective cytokine IFNγ are significantly higher in bone marrow (BM) and are mainly represented by CD8+ T lymphocytes with effector phenotype. A putative disappearance of such protective BM responses after myeloablative therapy could contribute to the increased risk of IFI in hematologic patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vallerini
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barozzi
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forghieri
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lagreca
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quadrelli
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morselli
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bresciani
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuoghi
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coluccio
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maccaferri
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Ambra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paolini
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Colaci
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marasca
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Narni
authors.affiliation: Unitè des Aspergillus, Pasteur Institut, 75724 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Latgè
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romani
authors.affiliation: Hematology/Oncology and Transplantation, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Comoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, USL, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Campioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, USL, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Trenti
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy mario.luppi@unimore.it.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luppi
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria Policlinico, 41124 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Potenza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001769:Blood / Q000276:immunology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D016469:Fungemia / Q000276:immunology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Invasive Aspergillosis; Invasive Mucormycosis; antigen-specific T cells; bone marrow