title: Multi-Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Atratylodes macrocephala Polysaccharides and Antioxidants Using Response Surface Methodology and Desirability Function Approach.
abstract: Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharides (RAMP) have been reported to have a variety of important biological activities. In this study, an ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) was employed to obtain the highest extraction yield and strongest antioxidant activity of RAMP and optimized by a multi-response optimization process. A three-level four-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD) was performed as response surface methodology (RSM) with desirability function (DF) to attain the optimal extraction parameters. The DPPH scavenging percentage was used to represent the antioxidant ability of RAMP. The maximum D value (0.328), along with the maximum yield (59.92%) and DPPH scavenging percentage (13.28%) were achieved at 90.54 min, 57.99 °C, 1.95% cellulase and 225.29 W. These values were further validated and found to be in good agreement with the predicted values. Compared to the other extraction methods, both the yield and scavenging percentage of RAMP obtained by UAEE was favorable and the method appeared to be time-saving and of high efficiency. These results demostrated that UAEE is an appropriate and effective extraction technique. Moreover, RSM with DF approach has been proved to be adequate for the design and optimization of the extraction parameters for RAMP. This work has a wide range of implications for the design and operation of polysaccharide extraction processes.
authors.affiliation: Development and Research Center of Official Silkworm Resources, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China. pjb0225@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China. pjb0225@163.com.
authors.forename: Jin-Bao
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Hunan Chinese Medical University, Changsha 410208, China. xiabohou@163.com.
authors.forename: Bo-Hou
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Development and Research Center of Official Silkworm Resources, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China. huyijuan604@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China. huyijuan604@163.com.
authors.forename: Yi-Juan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Development and Research Center of Official Silkworm Resources, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China. jian871211@sina.com.|Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China. jian871211@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hong-Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310015, China. cj00123@zcmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Development and Research Center of Official Silkworm Resources, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China. Kenzei@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China. Kenzei@163.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Development and Research Center of Official Silkworm Resources, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China. jxlwq22@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China. jxlwq22@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Development and Research Center of Official Silkworm Resources, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China. xpan840520@163.com.|Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China. xpan840520@163.com.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002480:Cellulase / Q000737:chemistry; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D010851:Picrates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013010:Sonication
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D002480:Cellulase
keywords: Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharides; antioxidant activity; desirability function approach; multi-optimization; response surface methodology; ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction