title: Determination of nucleosides in Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum by high performance liquid chromatography method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nucleosides are supportive in the regulation and modulation of various physiological processes in body, they acts as precursors in nucleic acid synthesis, enhance immune response, help in absorption of iron and influence the metabolism of fatty acids. Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum are well-known for its use in traditional medicine of China, Nepal and India. They are rich in nucleosides such as adenine, adenosine, cordycepin, etc. Hence, a simple, economic and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method was proposed for determination of adenine and adenosine for the quality control of plants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chromatographic experiments were conducted on YL9100 HPLC system (South Korea). Reversed-phase chromatography was performed on a C18 column with methanol and dihydrogen phosphate as the mobile phase in isocratic elution method at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection was carried out at 254 nm, which gives a sharp peak of adenine and adenosine at a retention time of 6.53 ± 0.02 min and 12.41 ± 0.02, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed a good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range of 25-200 µg/mL for adenosine and 100-800 µg/mL for adenine with regression coefficient of 0.999 and 0.996, respectively. The adenine was found 0.16% and 0.71% w/w in G. lucidum and in C. sinensis, respectively, and adenosine was found to be 0.14% w/w in G. lucidum whereas absent in C. sinensis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The developed HPLC method for the quantification of adenosine and adenine can be used for the quality control and standardization of crude drug and for the different herbal formulations, in which adenine and adenosine are present as major constituents. The wide linearity range, sensitivity, accuracy, and simple mobile phase imply the method is suitable for routine quantification of adenosine and adenine with high precision and accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard, Uttar Pradesh, India ; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Masood Shah
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Rabea
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parveen
authors.affiliation: Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kshipra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rajkumar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tulsawani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Jamia Hamdard, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sayeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
keywords: Adenine; Cordyceps sinensis; Ganoderma lucidum; adenosine; high performance liquid chromatography