title: Maximizing work integration in job placement of individuals facing mental health problems: Supervisor experiences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many people confronting mental health problems are excluded from participation in paid work. Supervisor engagement is essential for successful job placement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elicit supervisor perspectives on the challenges involved in fostering integration to support individuals with mental health problems (trainees) in their job placement at ordinary companies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Explorative, qualitative designed study with a phenomenological approach, based on semi-structured interviews with 15 supervisors involved in job placements for a total of 105 trainees (mean 7, min-max. 1-30, SD 8). Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Superviors experience two interrelated dilemmas concerning knowledge of the trainee and degree of preferential treatment. Challenges to obtaining successful integration were; motivational: 1) Supervisors previous experience with trainees encourages future engagement, 2) Developing a realistic picture of the situation, and 3) Disclosure and knowledge of mental health problems, and continuity challenges: 4) Sustaining trainee cooperation throughout the placement process, 5) Building and maintaining a good relationship between supervisor and trainee, and 6) Ensuring continuous cooperation with the social security system and other stakeholders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supervisors experience relational dilemmas regarding pre-judgment, privacy and equality. Job placement seem to be maximized when the stakeholders are motivated and recognize that cooperation must be a continuous process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Science, Oslo, Norway.|Presenter, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Lisebet Skeie
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Skarpaas
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ramvi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Løvereide
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Science, Oslo, Norway.|Presenter, Stavanger, Norway.|Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Randi Wågø
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Aas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003219:Confidentiality; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006806:Human Rights; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D011287:Prejudice; D036301:Qualitative Research; D062707:Return to Work; D017132:Workplace / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Work disability prevention; return to work; sick leave; supported employment; vocational rehabilitation