title: Immunotherapy Not Working? Check Your Microbiota.
abstract: Gut microbes have ascended to prominence as key modulators of host immunity, raising the possibility that they could influence the outcome of cancer immunotherapy. Two recent studies address this question by identifying specific gut-resident bacteria as drivers of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in pre-clinical tumor models.
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK.
authors.forename: Nathan R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. Electronic address: fiona.powrie@kennedy.ox.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Powrie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000276:immunology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018943:Anthracyclines; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid