title: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of maxillary central incisors exposure in patients undergoing maxillary advancement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with dentofacial deformities may undergo orthodontic or orthodontic-surgical treatment. Both modalities can affect esthetics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to evaluate clinical and radiographic changes in exposure of maxillary central incisors occurring after orthognathic surgery for maxillary advancement.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 17 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for maxillary advancement between September, 2010 and July, 2011 were selected. Exposure of maxillary central incisors was evaluated clinically and by lateral cephalograms. Measurements were taken one week before and three months after surgery. Data were paired in terms of sex, age, nasolabial angle, height and thickness of the upper lip, the amount of maxillary advancement, clinical exposure and inclination of maxillary central incisor by statistical tests (CI 95%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After maxillary advancement, incisor clinical exposure had increased even with relaxed lips and under forced smile. Moreover, there was a mean increase of 23.33% revealed by lateral cephalograms. There was an inverse correlation between upper lip thickness and incisors postsurgical exposure revealed by radiographic images (p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant changes in the exposure of maxillary central incisors occur after maxillary advancement, under the influence of some factors, especially lip thickness.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Dos Santos
authors.initials: Gdos S
authors.lastname: Trento
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe Bueno Rosettti
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Bernabé
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Delson João
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nelson Luis Barbosa
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Rebellato
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro Eduardo
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Klüppel
authors.affiliation: Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scariot
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008046:Lip; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D012904:Smiling