title: Effects of α1-Blockers for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Sleep Disorders in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the association of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sleep disorders (SD) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We also examined improvement of SD following the α1-blocker therapy for LUTS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight male patients were enrolled in the study, consisting of 38 cases with LUTS and BPH (BPH group), and 30 men without significant LUTS or BPH (non-BPH group). The degree of LUTS and SD was evaluated by the International Prostate Symptom Score and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The patients of BPH group then were treated with α1-blocker for 4 weeks, and were re-examined by all the questionnaires to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The correlation analyses showed a significant association of LUTS with SD in BPH group (r = 0.4995, P = 0.0068). Twenty cases (52.6%) in BPH group showed 5.5 or more PSQI scores. Following 4 weeks of α1-blocker administration, the average PSQI decreased significantly from 6.3 to 4.8 points (P < 0.001). Significant improvement was observed in domains of "sleep quality" and "sleep disturbances" among PSQI (P = 0.0215 and 0.0391, respectively). Moreover, significant association between α1-blocker induced improvements of nocturia and SD was identified in patients with 5.5 or more PSQI score at baseline (r = 0.445, P = 0.0334).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that SD is associated with LUTS among BPH patients and therapeutic effects of α1-blockers on LUTS lead to improvements of SD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagane
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mochida
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Taketo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia; sleep disorders; α1-blocker