title: Morphology engineering of basidiomycetes for improved laccase biosynthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work is the first application of a morphological engineering technique called microparticle-enhanced cultivation (MPEC) aimed at the facilitation of laccase production in the submerged cultures by two basidiomycetes species Cerrena unicolor and Pleurotus sapidus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive effect of the applied 10 μm Al2O3 microparticles at concentrations from 5 to 30 g Al2O3 l(-1) was shown. Laccase activity increased 3.5-fold for C. unicolor and 2-fold for P. sapidus at 15 g Al2O3 l(-1) on 9 and 14 day of the cultivation, respectively, compared to the control culture without microparticles. The increase of laccase activity in the cultivation broths was caused by the action of Al2O3 microparticles on the agglomeration of hyphae. It led to the decrease of the size of the pellets, (on average by 2 mm for C. unicolor), the change of their shape (star-shaped pellets for C. unicolor) and the change of their structure (more compact pellets for P. sapidus).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of MPEC for the submerged cultures of two laccase-producing basidiomycetes proved successful in increasing of enzyme production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland. anna.antecka@p.lodz.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antecka
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blatkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bizukojć
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ledakowicz
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development*; D057005:Bioengineering; D019149:Bioreactors; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005285:Fermentation; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D042845:Laccase / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D042845:Laccase; D000537:Aluminum Oxide
keywords: Basidiomycetes; Fungal morphology; Laccase; Microparticle-enhanced cultivation