title: DNA barcoding for squids of the family Gonatidae (Cephalopoda: Teuthida) from the boreal North Pacific.
abstract: A fragment of cytochrome c oxidase I was used to assess whether species of the squid family Gonatidae from the North Pacific could be identified using DNA barcoding approach. Pairwise intra- and interspecific p-distances were assessed, and systematic relationships among species were estimated by NJ analysis. Examined species formed well-differentiated species-specific clades on the neighbor-joining and Bayesian trees. Multiple taxa formed clades supported by both tree topologies and species hypothesis-free ABGD method. Species morphologically identified as Gonatus tinro and Gonatopsis okutanii demonstrated intraspecific level of molecular genetic divergence (0.2-0.3%) indicating that they are conspecific. Genetic differences between the G. berryi clade and a squid morphologically close to that species may indicate a new cryptic species. High levels (>6.2%) of genetic differentiation within B. borealis suggested the existence of two cryptic species. This study confirms the usefulness of DNA barcoding for identifying species as well as discovering cryptic diversity in the gonatid squids, and indicates the need for further deeper insights into the phylogeny of the Gonatidae.
authors.affiliation: a Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre) , Vladivostok , Russia.
authors.forename: Oleg N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Katugin
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Molecular Systematics , A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia , and.
authors.forename: Olga V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Chichvarkhina
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Molecular Systematics , A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia , and.|c School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University , Vladivostok , Russia.
authors.forename: Anna O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Zolotova
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Molecular Systematics , A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Vladivostok , Russia , and.|c School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University , Vladivostok , Russia.
authors.forename: Anton Yu
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Chichvarkhin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D049832:Decapodiformes / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; genetic distance; phylogeny; species identification