title: Sustained-release dexamethasone for the treatment of ocular inflammation and pain after cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of dexamethasone as a sustained-release drug depot when placed in the canaliculus for the treatment of ocular inflammation and pain in cataract surgery patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four private practice sites in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter randomized double-masked clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either the sustained-release dexamethasone or a placebo vehicle punctum plug inserted into the inferior distal canaliculus of the operated eye intraoperatively during cataract surgery. The primary endpoints were the proportions of patients with absence of cells or pain in the anterior chamber at 8 days. Secondary endpoints included cells, flare, pain, and the presence of the device at various timepoints through 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately one fifth (20.7%) of patients in the sustained-release dexamethasone group had an absence of anterior chamber cells at 8 days compared with 10.0% in the placebo group (P = .1495). A higher proportion of patients in the sustained-release dexamethasone group (79.3%) than in the placebo group (30.0%) had an absence of ocular pain at 8 days (P < .0001) and at all other timepoints (P < .0002). There were significantly higher proportions of patients in the sustained-release dexamethasone group than in the placebo group with an absence of anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber flare, and pain at several timepoints through 30 days (P ≤ .0251).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sustained-release dexamethasone provided elution of drug for up to 1 month after cataract surgery, providing clinically significant reductions in inflammation and pain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Dr. Masket is a consultant to and shareholder in Ocular Therapeutix, Inc. No other author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
authors.affiliation: From Texan Eye Care (Walters), Austin, Texas, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eyecare (Endl, Elmer), Niagara Falls, New York, Levenson Eye Associates (Levenson), Jacksonville, Florida, Chicago Cornea Consultants (Majmudar), Hoffman Estates, Illinois, and Advanced Vision Care (Masket), Los Angeles, California, USA. Electronic address: twalters@austin.rr.com.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: From Texan Eye Care (Walters), Austin, Texas, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eyecare (Endl, Elmer), Niagara Falls, New York, Levenson Eye Associates (Levenson), Jacksonville, Florida, Chicago Cornea Consultants (Majmudar), Hoffman Estates, Illinois, and Advanced Vision Care (Masket), Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endl
authors.affiliation: From Texan Eye Care (Walters), Austin, Texas, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eyecare (Endl, Elmer), Niagara Falls, New York, Levenson Eye Associates (Levenson), Jacksonville, Florida, Chicago Cornea Consultants (Majmudar), Hoffman Estates, Illinois, and Advanced Vision Care (Masket), Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Elmer
authors.affiliation: From Texan Eye Care (Walters), Austin, Texas, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eyecare (Endl, Elmer), Niagara Falls, New York, Levenson Eye Associates (Levenson), Jacksonville, Florida, Chicago Cornea Consultants (Majmudar), Hoffman Estates, Illinois, and Advanced Vision Care (Masket), Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levenson
authors.affiliation: From Texan Eye Care (Walters), Austin, Texas, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eyecare (Endl, Elmer), Niagara Falls, New York, Levenson Eye Associates (Levenson), Jacksonville, Florida, Chicago Cornea Consultants (Majmudar), Hoffman Estates, Illinois, and Advanced Vision Care (Masket), Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Parag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Majmudar
authors.affiliation: From Texan Eye Care (Walters), Austin, Texas, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eyecare (Endl, Elmer), Niagara Falls, New York, Levenson Eye Associates (Levenson), Jacksonville, Florida, Chicago Cornea Consultants (Majmudar), Hoffman Estates, Illinois, and Advanced Vision Care (Masket), Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masket
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D058447:Eye Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone