title: A Dual Role of Graphene Oxide Sheet Deposition on Titanate Nanowire Scaffolds for Osteo-implantation: Mechanical Hardener and Surface Activity Regulator.
abstract: Scaffold biomaterials with open pores and channels are favourable for cell growth and tissue regeneration, however the inherent poor mechanical strength and low surface activity limit their applications as load-bearing bone grafts with satisfactory osseointegration. In this study, macro-porous graphene oxide (GO) modified titanate nanowire scaffolds with desirable surface chemistry and tunable mechanical properties were prepared through a simple hydrothermal process followed by electrochemical deposition of GO nanosheets. The interconnected and porous structure of the GO/titanate nanowire scaffolds provides a large surface area for cellular attachment and migration and displays a high compressive strength of approximately 81.1 MPa and a tunable Young's modulus over the range of 12.4-41.0 GPa, which satisfies site-specific requirements for implantation. Surface chemistry of the scaffolds was modulated by the introduction of GO, which endows the scaffolds flexibility in attaching and patterning bioactive groups (such as -OH, -COOH and -NH2). In vitro cell culture tests suggest that the GO/titanate nanowire scaffolds act as a promising biomaterial candidate, in particular the one terminated with -OH groups, which demonstrates improved cell viability, and proliferation, differentiation and osteogenic activities.
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
authors.forename: Ziqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
authors.forename: Huandi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC. 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D053770:Nanowires / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013499:Surface Properties; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite; D014025:Titanium