title: Live Cell Reporter Systems for Positive-Sense Single Strand RNA Viruses.
abstract: Cell-based reporter systems have facilitated studies of viral replication and pathogenesis, virus detection, and drug susceptibility testing. There are three types of cell-based reporter systems that express certain reporter protein for positive-sense single strand RNA virus infections. The first type is classical reporter system, which relies on recombinant virus, reporter virus particle, or subgenomic replicon. During infection with the recombinant virus or reporter virus particle, the reporter protein is expressed and can be detected in real time in a dose-dependent manner. Using subgenomic replicon, which are genetically engineered viral RNA molecules that are capable of replication but incapable of producing virions, the translation and replication of the replicon could be tracked by the accumulation of reporter protein. The second type of reporter system involves genetically engineered cells bearing virus-specific protease cleavage sequences, which can sense the incoming viral protease. The third type is based on viral replicase, which can report the specific virus infection via detection of the incoming viral replicase. This review specifically focuses on the major technical breakthroughs in the design of cell-based reporter systems and the application of these systems to the further understanding and control of viruses over the past few decades.
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China. renlz@jlu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Linzhu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China.
authors.forename: Xinrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China.
authors.forename: Hongsheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ouyang
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Positive-sense single strand RNA virus ((+) ssRNA virus); Protease; Recombinant virus; Replicase; Replicon; Reporter system