title: No iconic memory without attention.
abstract: The experiments reported extend the findings of our earlier paper, (Mack, Erol, & Clarke, 2015) and allow us to reject Bachmann and Aru's critique of our conclusion (2015) that IM requires attention. They suggested our manipulations, which diverted attention from a letter reporting task in a dual task procedure where the task-cue occurred after the array disappeared, might only have affected access to IM and not the "existence of the phenomenal experience". By further decreasing the probability of reporting letters to only 10% and adding a final trial in which the letter matrix was either completely absent or distorted, we found more than half our subjects were unaware of its absence, or distortion i.e., were inattentionally blind. We take this as powerful evidence against the existence of any phenomenal experience component of iconic memory and consistent with the view that iconic memory demands attention and that conscious perception does as well.
authors.affiliation: New School for Social Research, United States. Electronic address: mackarie@newschool.edu.
authors.forename: Arien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.affiliation: New School for Social Research, United States.
authors.forename: Muge
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erol
authors.affiliation: New School for Social Research, United States.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.affiliation: New School for Social Research, United States.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003243:Consciousness / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention; Awareness; Iconic memory; Inattentional blindness; Phenomenal consciousness