title: Carboxylic Acids Plasma Membrane Transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: This chapter covers the functionally characterized plasma membrane carboxylic acids transporters Jen1, Ady2, Fps1 and Pdr12 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, addressing also their homologues in other microorganisms, as filamentous fungi and bacteria. Carboxylic acids can either be transported into the cells, to be used as nutrients, or extruded in response to acid stress conditions. The secondary active transporters Jen1 and Ady2 can mediate the uptake of the anionic form of these substrates by a H(+)-symport mechanism. The undissociated form of carboxylic acids is lipid-soluble, crossing the plasma membrane by simple diffusion. Furthermore, acetic acid can also be transported by facilitated diffusion via Fps1 channel. At the cytoplasmic physiological pH, the anionic form of the acid prevails and it can be exported by the Pdr12 pump. This review will highlight the mechanisms involving carboxylic acids transporters, and the way they operate according to the yeast cell response to environmental changes, as carbon source availability, extracellular pH and acid stress conditions.
authors.affiliation: CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. mcasal@bio.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casal
authors.affiliation: CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.|CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra, PRD, Portugal.
authors.forename: Odília
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Queirós
authors.affiliation: CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Talaia
authors.affiliation: CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.affiliation: CBMA-Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paiva
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001692:Biological Transport; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004058:Diffusion; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D027981:Symporters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C000593011:ADY3 protein, S cerevisiae; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; C093263:FPS1 protein, S cerevisiae; C118697:JEN1 protein, S cerevisiae; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D027501:Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; C472673:Pdr12 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D027981:Symporters; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Ady2; Carboxylic acids; Fps1; Jen1; Pdr12; Plasma membrane transporters; Yeast