title: Growth Inhibition of Osteosarcoma Cell Lines in 3D Cultures: Role of Nitrosative and Oxidative Stress.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  3D cell cultures have revolutionized the understanding of cell behavior, allowing culture of cells with the possibility of resembling in vivo intercellular signaling and cell-extracellular matrix interaction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The effect of limited oxygen penetration into 3D culture of highly metastatic osteosarcoma 143B cells in terms of expression of nitro-oxidative stress markers was investigated and compared to standard 2D cell culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human osteosarcoma (143B cell line) cells were cultured as monolayers, in collagen and Matrigel. Cell viability, gene expression of nitro-oxidative stress markers, and vascular endothelial growth factor were determined using Trypan blue assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three-dimensional environments modify nitro-oxidative stress and influence gene expression and cell proliferation of OS 143B cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Commercial cell lines might not constitute a good model of 3D cultures for bone tissue engineering, as they are highly sensitive to hypoxia, and hypoxic conditions can induce oxidation of the cellular environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland m.gorska@gumed.edu.pl karolinasiwicka@gumed.edu.pl mzmijewski@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gorska
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Pawel Bieniasz
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Krzywiec
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuban-Jankowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland m.gorska@gumed.edu.pl karolinasiwicka@gumed.edu.pl mzmijewski@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zmijewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wozniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wierzbicka
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piotrowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland Department of Kinesiology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland m.gorska@gumed.edu.pl karolinasiwicka@gumed.edu.pl mzmijewski@gumed.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siwicka
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D015398:Signal Transduction; D023822:Tissue Engineering
keywords: ECM; Extracellular matrix; OS 143B cell line; monolayer/spatial (2D/3D) cell culture; nitro-oxidative stress