title: Predictors of abdominal adipose tissue compartments: 18-year follow-up of young men with and without family history of diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abdominal adipose tissue (AAT) consists of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), which can be further divided into superficial and deep SAT. Despite being a key factor in the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, what predicts future amount of AAT is largely unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine long-term predictors of amount of AAT.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a mean 18-year follow-up study of a cohort of 94 healthy young Caucasian men, with and without a family history of diabetes (FHD). Cardiovascular risk markers were examined both at baseline and at follow-up. At follow-up, computed tomography (CT) of AAT was conducted to assess amount of superficial and deep SAT, and VAT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multiple regression analyses, baseline body mass index (BMI) remained a positive predictor of future amount of superficial and deep SAT, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was a negative predictor of all three sub-compartments. Baseline risk markers were generally stronger predictors among men with FHD, than among men without. In addition, FHD had greater impact on amount of deep SAT and VAT, than on amount of superficial SAT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the traditional cardiovascular risk markers BMI, HDL cholesterol and family history of diabetes are long-term predictors of the different abdominal adipose tissue compartments from young towards middle age in healthy men. In men with family history of diabetes, cardiovascular risk markers at a young age seem to be of greater importance to future amount of abdominal adipose tissue, than among men without.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: sigridnordang@yahoo.no.
authors.forename: Sigrid Nordang
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Skårn
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Heidi B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Eggesbø
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Arnljot
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flaa
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Sverre E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kjeldsen
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rostrup
authors.affiliation: Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Cathrine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brunborg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Henrik M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Reims
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Section for Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Heart-, Lung-, and Vascular-Disease Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Tonje Amb
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Aksnes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000473:pathology*; D005192:Family Health; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D012307:Risk Factors; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL
keywords: Abdominal obesity; Body mass index; Family history; Follow-up study; Risk factors; Type 2 diabetes mellitus