title: Water Transport in Yeasts.
abstract: Water moves across membranes through the lipid bilayer and through aquaporins, in this case in a regulated manner. Aquaporins belong to the MIP superfamily and two subfamilies are represented in yeasts: orthodox aquaporins considered to be specific water channels and aquaglyceroporins (heterodox aquaporins). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome, four aquaporin isoforms were identified, two of which are genetically close to orthodox aquaporins (ScAqy1 and ScAqy2) and the other two are more closely related to the aquaglyceroporins (ScFps1 and ScAqy3). Advances in the establishment of water channels structure are reviewed in this chapter in relation with the mechanisms of selectivity, conductance and gating. Aquaporins are important for key aspects of yeast physiology. They have been shown to be involved in sporulation, rapid freeze-thaw tolerance, osmo-sensitivity, and modulation of cell surface properties and colony morphology, although the underlying exact mechanisms are still unknown.
authors.affiliation: LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal. fsabir@isa.ulisboa.pt.|Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal. fsabir@isa.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: Farzana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sabir
authors.affiliation: LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prista
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Loureiro-Dias
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Graça
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soveral
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D064587:Osmoregulation / Q000502:physiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013045:Species Specificity; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C115153:AQY1 protein, S cerevisiae; C422454:AQY2 protein, S cerevisiae; D020346:Aquaporins; C093263:FPS1 protein, S cerevisiae; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014867:Water
keywords: Aquaglyceroporins; Aquaporins; Genome sequence; Water transport