title: Synthesis and in vivo diuretic activity of some new benzothiazole sulfonamides containing quinoxaline ring system.
abstract: A series of new 6-substituted-N-[3-{2-(substituted phenyl)-ethenyl} quinoxaline-2(1H)-ylidene]-1,3-benzothiazole-2-amine (4a-f) were designed and synthesized by condensing 2-amino-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid amide (1) with chalcones of quinoxaline-2-one (3a-f) in a hope to obtain promising and a new class of diuretic agents. Structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral data and elemental analysis. The pharmacological studies in experimental rats indicates that compound 4c possesses excellent in vivo diuretic activity of 1.13 and appears to be a better diuretic agent than the reference drugs, acetazolamide (1.0) and urea (0.88). Insight of the binding mode of the synthesized compounds (ligand) into the binding sites of carbonic anhydrase enzyme (PDF code: 4KUV) was provided by docking studies, performed with the help of Maestro 9.0 docking software. Further pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies are needed to confirm the safety of compound 4c which emerged as a lead diuretic compound.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India .
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India .
authors.forename: Diwakar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Madhesia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India .|b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy and Dentistry, Buraydah Private Colleges , Al-Qassim , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.affiliation: c Health Information Technology Department, Jeddah Community College, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , and.
authors.forename: Aftab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pharmacy , Oman Medical College , Muscat , Sultanate of Oman.
authors.forename: Shah Alam
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D004232:Diuretics; D011810:Quinoxalines; D013449:Sulfonamides
keywords: Acetazolamide; Lipschitz value; benzothiazole; carbonic anhydrase