title: Geochemical markers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solvent extracts from diesel engine particulate matter.
abstract: Exhaust particulate from compression ignition (CI) engines running on engine and chassis dynamometers was studied. Particulate dichloromethane extracts were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biomarkers by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). PAH group profiles were made and the PAH group shares according to the number of rings (2 or 3; 4; 5 or more) as well as diagnostic indices were calculated. Values of geochemical ratios of selected biomarkers and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons were compared with literature values. A geochemical interpretation was carried out using these values and biomarker and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon distributions. It has been shown that geochemical features are unequivocally connected to the emission of fossil fuels and biofuels burned in CI engines. The effect of the exothermic combustion process is limited to low-molecular-weight compounds, which shows that the applied methodology permits source identification of PAHs coexisting in the particulate emitted.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, 60 Bedzinska St, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland. monika.fabianska@us.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fabiańska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Power and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 22B Konarskiego St, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kozielska
authors.affiliation: BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd, 93 Sarni Stok St, 43-300, Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bielaczyc
authors.affiliation: BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd, 93 Sarni Stok St, 43-300, Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woodburn
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M Sklodowskiej-Curie St, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Konieczyński
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005579:Fossil Fuels / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D056804:Biofuels; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012997:Solvents; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D008752:Methylene Chloride
keywords: CI; Diagnostic ratios; GC-MS; Geochemical ratios; PAH