title: Concordance of Macular Pigment Measurement Using Customized Heterochromatic Flicker Photometry and Fundus Autofluorescence in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared macular pigment (MP) measurements using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry (Macular Metrics Densitometer) and dual-wavelength fundus autofluorescence (Heidelberg Spectralis HRA + OCT MultiColor) in subjects with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Macular pigment was measured in 117 subjects with early AMD (age, 44-88 years) using the Densitometer and Spectralis, as part of the Central Retinal Enrichment Supplementation Trial (CREST; ISRCTN13894787). Baseline and 6-month study visits data were used for the analyses. Agreement was investigated at four different retinal eccentricities, graphically and using indices of agreement, including Pearson correlation coefficient (precision), accuracy coefficient, and concordance correlation coefficient (ccc).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Agreement was poor between the Densitometer and Spectralis at all eccentricities, at baseline (e.g., at 0.25° eccentricity, accuracy = 0.63, precision = 0.35, ccc = 0.22) and at 6 months (e.g., at 0.25° eccentricity, accuracy = 0.52, precision = 0.43, ccc = 0.22). Agreement between the two devices was significantly greater for males at 0.5° and 1.0° of eccentricity. At all eccentricities, agreement was unaffected by cataract grade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In subjects with early AMD, MP measurements obtained using the Densitometer and Spectralis are not statistically comparable and should not be used interchangeably in either the clinical or research setting. Despite this lack of agreement, statistically significant increases in MP, following 6 months of supplementation with macular carotenoids, were detected with each device, confirming that these devices are capable of measuring change in MP within subjects over time. (http://www.controlled-trials.com number, ISRCTN13894787.).
authors.affiliation: Macular Pigment Research Group School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kwadwo Owusu
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Akuffo
authors.affiliation: Macular Pigment Research Group School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.affiliation: Macular Pigment Research Group School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stack
authors.affiliation: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tunde
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peto
authors.affiliation: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Macular Pigment Research Group School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.affiliation: Macular Pigment Research Group School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Power
authors.affiliation: Macular Pigment Research Group School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nolan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003720:Densitometry / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D065348:Macular Pigment / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010783:Photometry / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D065348:Macular Pigment