title: Field portable low temperature porous layer open tubular cryoadsorption headspace sampling and analysis part II: Applications.
abstract: This paper details the sampling methods used with the field portable porous layer open tubular cryoadsorption (PLOT-cryo) approach, described in Part I of this two-part series, applied to several analytes of interest. We conducted tests with coumarin and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (two solutes that were used in initial development of PLOT-cryo technology), naphthalene, aviation turbine kerosene, and diesel fuel, on a variety of matrices and test beds. We demonstrated that these analytes can be easily detected and reliably identified using the portable unit for analyte collection. By leveraging efficiency-boosting temperature control and the high flow rate multiple capillary wafer, very short collection times (as low as 3s) yielded accurate detection. For diesel fuel spiked on glass beads, we determined a method detection limit below 1 ppm. We observed greater variability among separate samples analyzed with the portable unit than previously documented in work using the laboratory-based PLOT-cryo technology. We identify three likely sources that may help explain the additional variation: the use of a compressed air source to generate suction, matrix geometry, and variability in the local vapor concentration around the sampling probe as solute depletion occurs both locally around the probe and in the test bed as a whole. This field-portable adaptation of the PLOT-cryo approach has numerous and diverse potential applications.
authors.affiliation: Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, United States.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harries
authors.affiliation: Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, United States.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bukovsky-Reyes
authors.affiliation: Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, United States. Electronic address: bruno@boulder.nist.gov.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bruno
mesh_terms: D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D005742:Gasoline / Q000032:analysis; D016062:Porosity; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D005742:Gasoline; D014303:Trinitrotoluene
keywords: Detection limit; Forensics; Fuels; Headspace analysis; PLOT-cryoadsorption; Vapor sampling