title: Fusobacterium nucleatum, inflammation, and immunity: the fire within human gut.
abstract: Fusobacterium nucleatum is an identified proinflammatory autochthonous bacterium implicated in human colorectal cancer. It is also abundantly found in patients suffering from chronic gut inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease), consequently contributing to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Majority of the studies have reported that colorectal tumors/colorectal adenocarcinomas are highly enriched with F. nucleatum compared to noninvolved adjacent colonic tissue. During the course of multistep development of colorectal cancer, tumors have evolved many mechanisms to resist the antitumor immune response. One of such favorite ploy is providing access to pathogenic bacteria, especially F. nucleatum in the colorectal tumor microenvironment, wherein both (colorectal tumors and F. nucleatum) exert profound effect on each other, consequently attracting tumor-permissive myeloid-derived suppressor cells, suppressing cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and inhibiting NK cell-mediated cancer cell killing. In this review, we have primarily focused on how this bug modulates the immune response, consequently rendering the antitumor immune cells inactive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India.
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Abid Yousuf
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Miskeen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India.
authors.forename: Younis Mohammad
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hazari
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, North Orissa University, Orissa, 757003, India.
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asrafuzzaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India. fazili@kashmiruniversity.ac.in.
authors.forename: Khalid Majid
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fazili
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
keywords: Crohn’s disease (CD); Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum); Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM (TIGIT) domain; Ulcerative colitis (UC)