title: Diterpenoids from the roots of Croton crassifolius and their anti-angiogenic activity.
abstract: Six diterpenoids [crassifolin J, K, L, M, N and O] along with eleven known ones were isolated from the supercritical fluid extract (SFE) of the roots of Croton crassifolius (Euphorbiaceae). Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods (IR, UV, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR). The structure and stereochemistry of crassifolin J was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and the absolute configurations of crassifolin K-M were determined by CD spectra. Twenty-three diterpenoids from this plant were screened for their anti-angiogenic activity using a wild-type zebrafish in vivo model. Four of the known compounds were active, of which penduliflaworosin possessed the best activity relative to the positive control (SU5416). Further study demonstrated that penduliflaworosin could inhibit vessel formation on Tg(fli1a:EGFP)y1-type zebrafish embryos.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
authors.forename: Jia-Jian
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
authors.forename: Hau Yin
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu-Bo
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
authors.forename: Guo-Qiang
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Lingnan Herbal Resource Development and Application, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, PR China.
authors.forename: Yao-Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China. Electronic address: think83110@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Huan
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Lingnan Herbal Resource Development and Application, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, PR China. Electronic address: twangguocai@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guo-Cai
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D029802:Croton / Q000737:chemistry*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004224:Diterpenes; D045785:Diterpenes, Clerodane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D004224:Diterpenes; D045785:Diterpenes, Clerodane; C539815:penduliflaworosin
keywords: Anti-angiogenic activity; Croton crassifolius; Diterpenoid; Euphorbiaceae; Supercritical fluid extract