title: A Longitudinal Examination of Stages of Change Model Applied to Mammography Screening.
abstract: Application of behavior change theories to ethnically diverse groups is limited. In a secondary analysis of intervention study data, we tested the validity of the transtheoretical model (TTM) of change among Chinese American immigrant women. Three hundred mammography non-adherent women were randomized to an intervention or control group. Compared with contemplators (60%), precontemplators reported higher perceived mammography barriers (p < .001) and lower breast cancer susceptibility (p < .01). Baseline contemplators were 1.5 times more likely to have a mammogram post intervention compared with precontemplators. Upward shift in stage of change was higher in the intervention than the control group at 3 months (odds ratio [OR] = 6.14), 6 months (OR = 4.82), and 12 months (OR = 2.85). Women with an upward shift at 3 months were more likely to complete mammography at 12 months (OR = 15.44). The results supported the TTM stages of change. Education targeted to Chinese women's stages of change has significant potential to decrease breast cancer screening disparities.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, USA leelinf@ohsu.edu.
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lee-Lin
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, USA.
authors.forename: Thuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, USA.
authors.forename: Nisreen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pedhiwala
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Dieckmann
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, USA.
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Menon
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008327:Mammography; D008962:Models, Theoretical
keywords: Chinese immigrants; mammography screening; transtheoretical model of change