title: Efficacy and Safety Profile of Enzalutamide for Japanese Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.
abstract: Enzalutamide is a novel, non-steroidal anti-androgen that was approved for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in 2014 in Japan. To assess the potency of enzalutamide treatment in Japan, we performed a pilot retrospective study. Among 91 patients who received treatment in our Institution between May 2014 and July 2015, 51 patients with docetaxel-naïve CRPC (56.0%) underwent enzalutamide therapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 10.2 months and 27.9 months, respectively. The remaining 40 patients with CRPC (44.0%) underwent enzalutamide therapy after docetaxel. The median PFS and OS were 4.4 months and not reached, respectively. Among patients with docetaxel-naïve CRPC, 12 (24%) experienced adverse events, whereas 16 (40%) experienced adverse events after docetaxel. Fatigue (15%) and appetite loss (13%) were the most common. We partially clarified the characteristics of enzalutamide therapy in Japan. The PFS associated with enzalutamide might be shorter in Japanese patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mutsushi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mizuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yonese
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001549:Benzamides; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D009570:Nitriles; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin; C540278:enzalutamide
keywords: Enzalutamide; adverse event; castration-resistant prostate cancer; overall survival; progression-free survival