title: Detection of venous needle dislodgement during haemodialysis using fractional order shape index ratio and fuzzy colour relation analysis.
abstract: Venous needle dislodgement (VND) is a life-threatening complication during haemodialysis (HD) treatment. When VND occurs, it only takes a few minutes for blood loss in an adult patient. According to the ANNA (American Nephrology Nurses' Association) VND survey reports, VND is a concerning issue for the nephrology nurses/staff and patients. To ensure HD care and an effective treatment environment, this Letter proposes a combination of fractional order shape index ratio (SIR) and fuzzy colour relation analysis (CRA) to detect VND. If the venous needle drops out, clinical examinations show that both heart pulses and pressure wave variations have a low correlation at the venous anatomic site. Therefore, fractional order SIR is used to quantify the differences in transverse vibration pressures (TVPs) between the normal condition and meter reading. Linear regression shows that the fractional order SIR has a high correlation with the TVP variation. Fuzzy CRA is designed in a simple and visual message manner to identify the risk levels. A worst-case study demonstrated that the proposed model can be used for VND detection in clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering , Kao-Yuan University , Kaohsiung City 82151 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Maintenance , Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital , Kaohsiung City 81362 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Ling
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 70101 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Dann
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine , Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital , Tainan Branch, Tainan City 71051 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Jui
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 70101 , Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Mai
keywords: TVP variation; VND detection; blood loss; blood pressure measurement; cardiology; colour relation analysis; fractional order SIR; fuzzy CRA; haemodialysis care; haemodialysis treatment; heart pressure wave variation; heart pulse variation; linear regression; patient monitoring; patient treatment; regression analysis; risk analysis; risk level; shape index ratio; transverse vibration pressure; venous anatomic site; venous needle dislodgement