title: Influence of Physiological Gastrointestinal Parameters on the Bioaccessibility of Mercury and Selenium from Swordfish.
abstract: Swordfish tend to accumulate mercury (Hg), but they are rich in selenium (Se), an element that can counteract the toxic effects of Hg. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentrations and bioaccessibility of Hg and Se in cooked swordfish and to identify the digestion parameters (pH, residence time, and enzyme concentrations) that may influence their bioaccessibility. The Hg concentrations ranged between 0.17 and 2.82 mg/kg wet weight (ww) and the bioaccessibility between 14 and 92%. The range for Se concentrations was narrower (0.29-1.17 mg/kg ww), with a bioaccessibility that was generally greater than that of Hg (59-103%). Most of the solubilization took place in the gastric step, where acidic pH and the increase in the pepsin concentration led to greater bioaccessibility, especially for Hg. In the intestinal stage, the most notable effect was the decrease in the bioaccessibility of Hg in the presence of bile salts.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC) , Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jadán-Piedra
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC) , Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC) , Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicenta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Devesa
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC) , Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Dinoraz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vélez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001682:Biological Availability; D003296:Cooking; D004063:Digestion; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D008628:Mercury; D012643:Selenium
keywords: bioaccessibility; mercury; molar ratio Hg/Se; selenium; swordfish