title: The dopamine D₃-preferring D₂/D₃ dopamine receptor partial agonist, cariprazine, reverses behavioural changes in a rat neurodevelopmental model for schizophrenia.
abstract: Current antipsychotic medication is largely ineffective against the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. One promising therapeutic development is to design new molecules that balance actions on dopamine D2 and D3 receptors to maximise benefits and limit adverse effects. This study used two rodent paradigms to investigate the action of the dopamine D3-preferring D3/D2 receptor partial agonist cariprazine. In adult male rats, cariprazine (0.03-0.3 mg/kg i.p.), and the atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole (1-3 mg/kg i.p.) caused dose-dependent reversal of a delay-induced impairment in novel object recognition (NOR). Treating neonatal rat pups with phencyclidine (PCP) and subsequent social isolation produced a syndrome of behavioural alterations in adulthood including hyperactivity in a novel arena, deficits in NOR and fear motivated learning and memory, and a reduction and change in pattern of social interaction accompanied by increased ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs). Acute administration of cariprazine (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) and aripiprazole (3 mg/kg) to resultant adult rats reduced neonatal PCP-social isolation induced locomotor hyperactivity and reversed NOR deficits. Cariprazine (0.3 mg/kg) caused a limited reversal of the social interaction deficit but neither drug affected the change in USVs or the deficit in fear motivated learning and memory. Results suggest that in the behavioural tests investigated cariprazine is at least as effective as aripiprazole and in some paradigms it showed additional beneficial features further supporting the advantage of combined dopamine D3/D2 receptor targeting. These findings support recent clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of cariprazine in treatment of negative symptoms and functional impairment in schizophrenia patients.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Queen׳s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: David J G
authors.initials: DJG
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Queen׳s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: Madeleine V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Pharmacological and Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc, Gyömrői út 19-21, Budapest H-1103 Hungary.
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gyertyán
authors.affiliation: Pharmacological and Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc, Gyömrői út 19-21, Budapest H-1103 Hungary.
authors.forename: Béla
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.affiliation: Forest Research Institute, Inc., Harborside Financial Center, Plaza V, Jersey City, NJ 07311, USA.
authors.forename: Nika
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adham
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Queen׳s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Electronic address: kevin.fone@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kevin C F
authors.initials: KCF
authors.lastname: Fone
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068180:Aripiprazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001245:Association Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000633:toxicity; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000633:toxicity; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D010879:Piperazines; D000068180:Aripiprazole; C533287:cariprazine; D010622:Phencyclidine
keywords: Cariprazine; Dopamine D(3); Neonatal phencyclidine; Object recognition; Schizophrenia; Social isolation