title: High Human Cytomegalovirus IgG Level is Associated with Increased Incidence of Diabetic Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND At present, whether human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is debatable. The effect of active HCMV infection on glucose regulation has been poorly studied. Although HCMV infection is correlated with atherosclerosis in cardiovascular disease, the role of HCMV infection in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis in T2DM is unclear and is usually neglected by endocrinologists. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of HCMV infection on glucose regulation and the development of diabetic atherosclerosis in T2DM patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 222 hospitalized T2DM patients were enrolled. Nested polymerase chain reactions were used to detect HCMV DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine viral load. HCMV IgG antibody concentrations were analyzed by chemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS HCMV active infection, viral load, and HCMV IgG titers were not correlated with glucose regulation. Binary logistic regression demonstrated that the highest quartile of HCMV IgG concentration (>500 U/ml) was correlated with the incidence of diabetic atherosclerosis (OR: 8.0, 95%CI: 2.3-27.2), and that titer >127 U/ml of HCMV IgG is an independent predictor for the development of diabetic atherosclerosis in T2DM patients (OR: 4.6, 95%CI: 1.9-11.3) after adjustment for all potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Active HCMV infection is unlikely to influence glucose regulation in T2DM. However, HCMV IgG titers are associated with the incidence of diabetic atherosclerosis, and titer >127 U/ml of HCMV IgG might be an independent risk factor for the development of diabetic atherosclerosis in T2DM patients.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yuan-yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Hui-ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Hai-rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Zhan-qiu
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Guang-da
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xiao-jing
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G