title: Anti-Müllerian hormone gene polymorphism is associated with androgen levels in Chinese polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms of the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its specific receptor anti-Müllerian hormone type II receptor (AMHRII) were associated with the hormone disorder and phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study included 141 PCOS patients and 123 normal women. Two polymorphisms of AMH and AMHRII and the clinical characteristics of participants such as body mass index (BMI), serum luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol levels (E2), total testosterone levels (T), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were analyzed with the case-control sample. Gene-gene interactions of AMH and AMHRII genes were analyzed based multifactor-dimensionality reduction method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference of AMH gene polymorphisms were observed in IR-PCOS women and controls. The AMH and AMHRII gene polymorphisms were not found a significant difference in non-IR-PCOS and normal groups. To IR-PCOS women, genotypes of AMH were closely related to the serum levels of LH (P = 0.000), testosterone (P = 0.000) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.038), while in the non-IR-PCOS and normal groups, no relationship was found. No impact of AMH and AMHRII gene-gene interactions was demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our research suggests that the diversity of AMH genotypes in the AMH signal pathway may be connected with the susceptibility and phenotype of PCOS with insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Xue
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China. hr7424@126.com.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.
authors.forename: Fei-Miao
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000235:genetics*; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D007328:Insulin; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C084621:anti-Mullerian hormone receptor; D013739:Testosterone; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone
keywords: Androgen; Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH); Anti-Müllerian hormone type II receptor (AMHRII); Insulin resistance (IR); Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); Polymorphisms