title: The Effects of Walking Surface on the Gait Pattern of Children With Idiopathic Toe Walking.
abstract: Idiopathic toe walking treatments are not conclusively effective. This study investigated the effects of walking surface on gait parameters in children with idiopathic toe walking. Fifteen children with idiopathic toe walking and 15 typically developing children aged 4 to 10 years completed the study, which included a barefoot gait exam over three 4-m walkways. Each of the walkways was covered with a different surface: vinyl tile, carpet, and pea gravel. Temporal-spatial parameters were recorded along with a measure of early heel rise (HR32). Children with idiopathic toe walking and typically developing children shared similarly changed gait patterns on each surfaces. Only HR32 was significantly different between the groups (P < .001). Children with idiopathic toe walking showed significantly less toe-walking on the gravel walkway (P < .001). Walking surface plays a significant role in altering gait patterns in both children with idiopathic toe walking and typically developing children. Walking on a gravel surface should be further explored for idiopathic toe walking.
authors.affiliation: National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan hfanchiang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hsinchen Daniel
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Fanchiang
authors.affiliation: Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Mark Daniel
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Geil
authors.affiliation: Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Toyin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ajisafe
authors.affiliation: Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D013499:Surface Properties
keywords: gait analysis; surface; toe-walking