title: Effect of Gd-DOTA on fat quantification in skeletal muscle using two-point Dixon technique - preliminary data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess differences in fat signal fraction (FSF) in skeletal muscle as determined by two-point Dixon technique at 3T before and after application of intravenous gadoterate meglumide (Gd-DOTA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients (mean age, 50.8 years; range, 41-72 years) underwent clinical whole-body MRI at 3T for myopathic symptoms. Two-point Dixon technique based T1-weighted turbo spin-echo images were acquired before and after the administration of intravenous Gd-DOTA. On both image sets, the FSF was calculated in the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and quadriceps muscles bilaterally. Pre- and post-contrast FSF values were compared by linear regression, Bland-Altman plot as well as paired Student t-tests with Bonferroni correction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean pre- and post-contrast FSF of included muscles were 28.7%±14.9% and 27.8%±15.1%, respectively. Linear regression indicated almost equivalent FSF estimation between pre- and post-contrast measurements (sum of squared residuals R(2), 0.92±0.04; slope, 0.97; X-intercept, -0.05; Y-intercept, +0.05). The Bland-Altman plot revealed a minimal systematical bias of the post-contrast FSF measurements of -0.87%. Paired Student t-tests did not reveal significant differences (overall p-value, 0.168).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gd-DOTA does not significantly influence FSF quantification in skeletal muscle based on the two-point Dixon technique at 3T.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: Lukas.Filli@usz.ch.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Filli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Erika J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Ulbrich
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guggenberger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boss
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Del Grande
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andreisek
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C050823:gadolinium 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetate
keywords: Chemical shift imaging; Fat signal fraction; Gadolinium; Magnetic resonance imaging; Skeletal muscle