title: Development, Characterization, and Utilization of Food-Grade Polymer Oleogels.
abstract: The potential of organogels (oleogels) for oil structuring has been identified and investigated extensively using different gelator-oil systems in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive summary of all oil-structuring systems found in the literature, with an emphasis on ethyl-cellulose (EC), the only direct food-grade polymer oleogelator. EC is a semicrystalline material that undergoes a thermoreversible sol-gel transition in the presence of liquid oil. This unique behavior is based on the polymer's ability to associate through physical bonds. These interactions are strongly affected by external fields such as shear and temperature, as well as by solvent chemistry, which in turn strongly affect final gel properties. Recently, EC-based oleogels have been used as a replacement for fats in foods, as heat-resistance agents in chocolate, as oil-binding agents in bakery products, and as the basis for cosmetic pastes. Understanding the characteristics of the EC oleogel is essential for the development of new applications.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel, 3200003.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davidovich-Pinhas
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1; email: amarango@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: Shai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barbut
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1; email: amarango@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Marangoni
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003358:Cosmetics; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005503:Food Additives; D005524:Food Technology; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D044367:Phase Transition; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005503:Food Additives; D005782:Gels; D009821:Oils; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011108:Polymers; C016021:oleogels; C013517:ethyl cellulose; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: X-ray scattering; ethyl-cellulose; gelator; mechanical properties; oleogels; polymer; thermoreversible gelation