title: Extracellular stress stimuli alter galectin expression profiles and adhesion characteristics of HL-60 cells.
abstract: Galectins, a family of soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins, are involved in the regulation of various cellular functions, which are essential for adaptive cellular stress responses (CSRs). Although expression patterns of galectins and galectin-binding glycans change during tissue development and cancer, the requirement and role of galectin networks in the CSRs are not completely understood. In this study, we report that the treatment of human promyelocytic HL-60 cells with stimuli mimicking hypoxia (CoCl2), inducing the endoplasmic reticulum stress (tunicamycin), and stimulating cell differentiation, result in stress-specific differential expression of galectin transcripts. In addition, we show that CoCl2 increases the expression of cell surface glycans recognized by both β-galactoside- and GlcNAc-binding lectins. Thus, microenvironmental stress changes the glycobiological status of cells representing expression profiles of endogenous lectins and corresponding glycans. These findings introduce a novel classification of galectins in HL-60 cells, which suggests diverse functions of galectin members in CSRs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada. atimoshe@uwo.ca.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Timoshenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lanteigne
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kozak
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D003035:Cobalt / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D037161:Galectins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D014415:Tunicamycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D037161:Galectins; D014415:Tunicamycin; D003035:Cobalt; C018021:cobaltous chloride
keywords: Cell adhesion; Cell differentiation; Cellular stress response; Galectin; Glycobiology; HL-60 cells