title: Glomus fasciculatum Fungi as a Bio-convertor and Bio-activator of Inorganic and Organic P in Dual Symbiosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dual symbiosis played an effective role in drought condition and temperature. Furthermore, performed services in absorption of water and solubilization of chief nutrients specially phosphorus for growth of plants. Phosphorous is essential for plant growth in any climatic condition because of central constituent of ATP providing chemical energy for all metabolic reactions of plants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The goal of this work was to monitor the growth of plant under three climatic conditions in comparison to control plant under Glomus fasciculatum inoculation related with adequate supply of phosphorous.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results demonstrated that Glomus fasciculatum (VAM) activates the solubilization of P into the anionic form H2PO4(-) which is highly consumable form by the plants. Minerals including P in soil most regularly solubilized for fixing in plants and continuously changed to highly soluble forms by reaction with inorganic or organic constituents of the soil which are activated in the presence of fungi for continuous availability. Experimental facts and nonstop growth of plants recommended that VAM fungi act as a bio-convertor and bio-activator of soil nutrients, especially of P and their hyphal interaction absorbs soil nutrients and activates insoluble P to soluble one for plant development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous growth of 18 months old Conocarpus erectus L plant in dual symbiosis supports the proposed idea that phosphorus cycle exists during VAM inoculations, where soil reaction altered in presence of spores that help to solubilize the P which strengthens the plant, activates photo-biological activity and demonstrates the new function of VAM as a recycler for continues growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. rafiasaeed200@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rafia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azmat
authors.forename: Neelofer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: Sumeira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moin
authors.forename: Ailyan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saleem
mesh_terms: D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010330:Patents as Topic; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D010758:Phosphorus