title: Experiences with systematic triangulation at the Global Environment Facility.
abstract: Systematic triangulation may address common challenges in evaluation, such as the scarcity or unreliability of data, or the complexities of comparing and cross-checking evidence from diverse disciplines. Used to identify key evaluation findings, its application has proven to be effective in addressing the limitations encountered in country-level evaluation analysis conducted by the Independent Evaluation Office of the Global Environment Facility (GEF). These include the scarcity or unreliability of national statistics on environmental indicators and data series, especially in Least Developed Countries; challenges in evaluating the impacts of GEF projects; and inherent difficulties in defining the GEF portfolio of projects prior to the undertaking of the evaluation. In addition to responding to the need for further developing triangulation protocols, procedures and/or methodologies advocated by some authors, the approach offers a contribution to evaluation practice. This applies particularly to those evaluation units tasked with country-level evaluations in international organizations, facing similar constraints.
authors.affiliation: Independent Evaluation Office, Global Environment Facility 1818 H Street NW, Mail Stop P5-500, Washington, DC 20433, USA. Electronic address: ccarugi@thegef.org.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carugi
mesh_terms: D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004782:Environmental Health; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation
keywords: Country evaluation; Environmental evaluation; Evaluation findings; Mixed methods; Triangulation