title: Use of media for recruiting clinical research volunteers in Ecuador.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Up to this date, there are no reports made about the use of media for recruiting research volunteers in Latin American populations. Given the emergence of clinical research in Ecuador, a study of this kind in the local population will be beneficial for future research, and is probably applicable to other countries in the region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two public calls were made for a cross-sectional study on cognitive function and diabetes. We only included people between 55 and 65 years of age without previous neurocognitive conditions. We invited individuals through interviews on the radio, television broadcasts and local newspapers, along with social media ads. Each individual was asked about the method by which they learned of the project. We calculated the frequency in which each method was reported and a chi-square test was used to assess gender differences in the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 274 patients were enrolled in the study, 64.2% are women and 35.8% men. We found that 29.93% learned of it from third persons, 20.8% through radio, 8.76% through social media, 8.39% by newspaper, and 5.11% by television, while a remaining 27.01% had not previously heard of the recruitment call. Methods reported varied significantly between men and women (p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traditional media were the most common method of recruitment, with radio interviews being the most frequently reported. Individually, none of them surpassed the frequency of people learning of the project from other people (snowball effect). Social networks play an important role, exceeding certain traditional media. We have described for the first time in Latin America the use of media as methods to recruit volunteers for research, and the importance of project dissemination by the participants to reach more people.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador. Address: Urbanización Ciudad Celeste, Etapa La Brisa, Villa 15, Manzana 5, Samborondón, Ecuador. Email: ca_penaherrera@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Carlos Andrés
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peñaherrera
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palacios
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
authors.forename: María Carolina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santibáñez
authors.affiliation: Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Estados Unidos.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tamariz
authors.affiliation: Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Estados Unidos.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palacio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D004484:Ecuador; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D035842:Research Subjects; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: Ecuador; Latin America; cross-sectional studies; epidemiology; patient selection