title: Development and differentiation of the erythroid lineage in mammals.
abstract: The red blood cell (RBC) is responsible for performing the highly specialized function of oxygen transport, making it essential for survival during gestation and postnatal life. Establishment of sufficient RBC numbers, therefore, has evolved to be a major priority of the postimplantation embryo. The "primitive" erythroid lineage is the first to be specified in the developing embryo proper. Significant resources are dedicated to producing RBCs throughout gestation. Two transient and morphologically distinct waves of hematopoietic progenitor-derived erythropoiesis are observed in development before hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) take over to produce "definitive" RBCs in the fetal liver. Toward the end of gestation, HSCs migrate to the bone marrow, which becomes the primary site of RBC production in the adult. Erythropoiesis is regulated at various stages of erythroid cell maturation to ensure sufficient production of RBCs in response to physiological demands. Here, we highlight key aspects of mammalian erythroid development and maturation as well as differences among the primitive and definitive erythroid cell lineages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barminko
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reinholt
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of The Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: margaret.baron@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Margaret H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Baron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D041905:Erythroid Cells / Q000166:cytology; D004920:Erythropoiesis; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015017:Yolk Sac / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: Embryo; Erythropoiesis; Hematopoiesis; Mammal; Progenitor