title: The Effect of Exercise with or Without Metformin on Glucose Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study.
abstract: The study's goals were 1) to confirm the previously observed increase in postprandial glucose levels immediately after exercise in people with type 2 diabetes who are being treated with metformin; 2) to determine how long the increased glucose persists; 3) to examine the effect of skipping a dose of metformin before or after exercise. We recruited 10 participants with type 2 diabetes who were taking metformin. They completed 4 experimental conditions in random order: 1) morning and evening metformin doses, without exercise (M-M); 2) morning and evening metformin doses, with exercise (M-Ex-M); 3) exercise with evening metformin dose only (Ex-M); and 4) morning metformin dose only, with exercise (M-Ex). Exercise consisted of walking for 50 minutes at a moderate intensity at 11 am on the first day of each condition. Glucose was measured for 72 hours using continuous glucose monitoring systems. Standardized breakfasts were provided for 3 days in each condition, and standardized lunches and dinners were provided on the first day. Compared to M-M, M-Ex-M increased the average 2-hour incremental postprandial area under the curve following the 5 standardized meals (p<0.01) but did not affect daily mean glucose or fasting glucose concentrations. M-Ex (p<0.05), but not Ex-M (p=0.08) increased mean glucose concentrations compared to M-Ex-M on day 1. There were no differences among the 3 exercise conditions for fasting or postprandial glucose concentrations. The addition of a bout of exercise to metformin led to an increase in postprandial glucose levels without affecting mean glucose concentrations. Removing a metformin dose before or after exercise did not attenuate this negative effect.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Étienne
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Myette-Côté
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Tasuku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address: nboule@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: Normand G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Boulé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: activité physique; biguanide; continuous glucose monitor; fasting glucose; glucomètre; glucose post-prandiale; glucose variability; glucose à jeun; physical activity; postprandial glucose; variabilité glycémique