title: Isolation of Hypervalent Group-16 Radicals and Their Application in Organic-Radical Batteries.
abstract: Using a newly prepared tridentate ligand, we isolated hypervalent sulfur and selenium radicals for the first time and characterized their structures. X-ray crystallography, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations revealed a three-coordinate hypervalent structure. Utilizing the reversible redox reactions between hypervalent radicals and the corresponding anions bearing Li(+), we developed organic radical batteries with these compounds as cathode-active materials. Furthermore, an all-radical battery, with these compounds as the cathode and a silyl radical as the anode, was developed that exhibited a practical discharge potential of ∼ 1.8 V and stable cycle performance, demonstrating the potential of these materials for use in metal-free batteries that can replace conventional Li-ion batteries where Li is used in the metal form.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University , Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imada
authors.affiliation: Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc. , Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Center for Instrumental Analysis, Institute for Research Promotion, Niigata University , Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University , Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University , Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.affiliation: SR Center, Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: SR Center, Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University , Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Yohsuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto