title: The prevalence of Candida onychomycosis in Southeastern Serbia from 2011 to 2015.
abstract: Despite the increasing of onychomycosis caused by Candida spp., in referent literature, there is still data insufficiency about this nail infection. The objectives of this retrospective study were to determine epidemiological characteristics of Candida onychomycosis, the antifungal susceptibility of isolated species in vitro, and to compare the results of antifungal susceptibility testing with conducted treatment in period from 2011 to the end of March 2015. Out of 761 patients who were underwent clinical and mycological examinations, 137 had Candida species isolated from nails. The dominant species was Candida albicans (C. albicans) (36.59%) followed by C. parapsilosis (23.78%), C. krusei (9.76%), and C. guilliermondii (6.71%). Antifungal susceptibility in vitro testing showed good susceptibility to antimycotics, except C. krusei, which was resistance to fluconazole (FCZ) and isolates of C. tropicalis and C. glabrata which were dose dependent to itraconazole (ITZ) and fluconazole. Evaluation of medical histories determined that combined therapy, which included pulsed systemic regimen of ITZ with topical application of clotrimazole, had better clinical outcomes regarding the proscribed only topical application of clotrimazole. Multidisciplinary approach of dermatologists and mycologists is required in solving the problem of onychomycosis, which is the dominant nail disease.
authors.affiliation: Center of Microbiology and Parasitology, Public Health Institute Niš, Niš, Serbia.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
authors.forename: Suzana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otašević
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barac
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pekmezovic
authors.affiliation: Clinic for skin and veneral diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Sinisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tasic
authors.affiliation: Center of Microbiology and Parasitology, Public Health Institute Niš, Niš, Serbia.|Department of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignjatović
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Momčilović
authors.affiliation: Center of Microbiology and Parasitology, Public Health Institute Niš, Niš, Serbia.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
authors.forename: Predrag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stojanović
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.|National Medical Mycology Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arsic Arsenijevic
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Skin Infection Clinic, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Roderick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005533:Foot Dermatoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009262:Nails / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Candida spp.; antifungal susceptibility; epidemiology; onychomycosis