title: Rat aorta as a pharmacological tool for in vitro and in vivo studies.
abstract: Rat aorta assay provides a low cost and rapid platform, especially for preclinical in vivo models. The signaling pathways of the analog on the vessels could be evaluated separately on the endothelium or smooth muscle cells by rings of the rat aorta in vitro. The rat aorta is used for angiogenesis modeling to integrate the benefits of the both in vivo and in vitro models. These explain the importance and usage of rat aorta in researches. Furthermore, about 4503 articles have been published with the key word "rat aorta" in title or abstract from 1955 until the end of 2013 in Medline. In this review, these articles were organized into two main categories: in vivo and in vitro studies. The in vitro section focused on the rat aorta model, as a tool for evaluate the mechanism of vasodilation, vasoconstriction and angiogenesis. In the in vivo section, the most important usage of this tissue was evaluated. Also, the vasotonic signaling pathways in the vessel are explained briefly and some rat aorta applications in vitro and in vivo have been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran|Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rameshrad
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Babaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
authors.forename: Yadollah
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Azarmi
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
authors.forename: Daniel Fadaei
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Fouladi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
keywords: In vitro; In vivo; Pharmacological tool; Rat aorta; Signaling pathways; Vascular response; Vascular tissue; Vasoconstriction; Vasorelaxation