title: Potential clinical application of masseter and temporal muscle massage treatment using an oral rehabilitation robot in temporomandibular disorder patients with myofascial pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the safety, suitable treatment regimen, and efficacy of masseter and temporal muscle massage treatment using an oral rehabilitation robot.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients with myofascial pain (8 men, 33 women, median age: 46 years) were enrolled. The safety, suitable massage regimen, and efficacy of this treatment were investigated. Changes in masseter muscle thickness were evaluated on sonograms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No adverse events occurred with any of the treatment sessions. Suitable massage was at pressure of 10 N for 16 minutes. Five sessions were performed every 2 weeks. Total duration of treatment was 9·5 weeks in median. Massage treatment was effective in 70·3% of patients. Masseter muscle thickness decreased with treatment in the therapy-effective group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirmed the safety of massage treatment, and established a suitable regimen. Massage was effective in 70·3% of patients and appeared to have a potential as one of the effective treatments for myofascial pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry , Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ariji
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Nobumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogi
authors.forename: Shigemitsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Akitoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katsumata
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Eiichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ariji
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011312:Pressure; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012399:Rotation; D012449:Safety; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Clinical trial; Massage; Masseter muscle; Myofascial pain; Robot; Sonography; Temporomandibular disorder