title: Flexible sample environment for high resolution neutron imaging at high temperatures in controlled atmosphere.
abstract: High material penetration by neutrons allows for experiments using sophisticated sample environments providing complex conditions. Thus, neutron imaging holds potential for performing in situ nondestructive measurements on large samples or even full technological systems, which are not possible with any other technique. This paper presents a new sample environment for in situ high resolution neutron imaging experiments at temperatures from room temperature up to 1100 °C and/or using controllable flow of reactive atmospheres. The design also offers the possibility to directly combine imaging with diffraction measurements. Design, special features, and specification of the furnace are described. In addition, examples of experiments successfully performed at various neutron facilities with the furnace, as well as examples of possible applications are presented. This covers a broad field of research from fundamental to technological investigations of various types of materials and components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark.
authors.forename: Małgorzata G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Makowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark.
authors.forename: Luise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Theil Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde 4000, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lars N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Cleemann
authors.affiliation: Xnovo Technology ApS, Galoche Alle 15, Køge 4600, Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lauridsen
authors.affiliation: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Hassina Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Bilheux
authors.affiliation: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Jamie J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Molaison
authors.affiliation: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
authors.forename: Louis J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Santodonato
authors.affiliation: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Anton S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Tremsin
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Material Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe DE-76021, Germany.
authors.forename: Mirco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grosse
authors.affiliation: Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI CH-5232, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morgano
authors.affiliation: ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton OX11 0QX, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kabra
authors.affiliation: European Spallation Source ESS AB, P.O. Box 176, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strobl