title: Beta-ketoadipic acid and muconolactone production from a lignin-related aromatic compound through the protocatechuate 3,4-metabolic pathway.
abstract: In this work, the effects of PcaJ (beta-ketoadipate:succinyl-coenzyme A transferase)- and PcaD (beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase)-inactivation on protocatechuic acid metabolism in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 were evaluated. Beta-ketoadipic acid was produced from protocatechuic acid by the inactivation of PcaJ as expected; however, a portion of the produced beta-ketoadipic acid was converted to levulinic acid through a purification step consisting of extraction from the culture and recrystallization. On the other hand, muconolactone was purified from the culture of the PcaD-inactivated mutant of KT2440, although beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone was supposed to be produced because it is the substrate of PcaD. Under aerobic conditions, it has been reported that lignin-related aromatics are metabolized through PCA 2,3- or 3,4- or 4,5-ring cleavage pathways, and muconolactone is an intermediate observed in the metabolism of catechol, not protocatechuic acid. Our results will provide a prospective route to produce muconolactone with a high yield through the protocatechuate-3,4-metabolic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamura-Abe
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomokuni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato-Izawa
authors.affiliation: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kajita
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 035-8561, Japan. Electronic address: sonoki@hirosaki-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sonoki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; Department of Forest Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayama
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D000272:Adipates / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D002396:Catechols / Q000378:metabolism; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000378:metabolism; D007783:Lactones / Q000378:metabolism*; D007982:Levulinic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D000272:Adipates; D002396:Catechols; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D007783:Lactones; D007982:Levulinic Acids; C027316:3-oxoadipic acid; C009091:protocatechuic acid; C039879:muconolactone; D008031:Lignin; C012046:succinyl-coenzyme A; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C021927:3-oxoadipate enol-lactonase; C034221:catechol; C032246:levulinic acid
keywords: Beta-ketoadipic acid; Bioreactor; Lignin-related aromatics; Muconolactone; Protocatechuic acid