title: Regression models to estimate the total concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in urine.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic and as such their exposure is of serious concern. Regression models to estimate the total concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (∑PAH) in urine were developed. Using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 2003-2008 and 2011-2012, regression models were developed to estimate ∑PAH in urine. The performance of the fitted models were computed by comparing percent predicted values located between 0 and 5%, 5-10%, 15-20% and >20% of the observed values. While data for 2003-2008 were used to fit the regression models, the data for 2011-2012 were solely used to evaluate the performance of the fitted models. R(2) of the fitted model was 94.7%. About 46% of the predicted values for the 2003-2008 data and over 48% of the predicted values for the 2011-2012 data were found to be between 0 and 10% of the observed values. In order to use these models, in addition to age, gender, and smoking status, and optionally race/ethnicity, the knowledge of the levels of only 1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, and 9-hydroxyfluorene is necessary. Models that optionally require the knowledge of the levels of urine creatinine were also developed.
authors.affiliation: 2959 Estate View Court, Dacula, Ga 30019, USA. Electronic address: Jain.ram.b@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ram B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000652:urine*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: Hydroxyfluorene; Hydroxynaphthalene; Smoking