title: High-Intensity Ultrasound to Improve Physical and Functional Properties of Lipids.
abstract: High-intensity ultrasound (HIU) has been used in recent years to change the crystallization behavior of edible lipids. This technique can be used in combination with other processing technologies to tailor lipids' functional properties and broaden their application for various food products. In general, sonication induces crystallization, increases crystallization rate, and generates a harder and more elastic crystalline network characterized by smaller crystals with a sharper melting profile. An important application of HIU is to improve the hardness and elasticity of shortenings that have a low content of saturated fatty acids and are free of trans-fats. This review summarizes recent research that used HIU to change the physical and functional properties of edible lipids and focuses on the importance of controlling processing variables such as sonication power level and duration and crystallization temperature.
authors.affiliation: The Clorox Service Company, Pleasanton, California 94588; email: ashwini.wagh@aggiemail.usu.edu.
authors.forename: Ashwini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom S017 1BJ; email: prb2@soton.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Birkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322; email: silvana.martini@usu.edu.
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martini
mesh_terms: D003296:Cooking; D003460:Crystallization; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004548:Elasticity; D005223:Fats / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005519:Food Preservation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013696:Temperature; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves; D014783:Viscosity; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: cavitation; crystal morphology; crystallization; hardness; power; viscoelasticity