title: [Testing the influence of lipid laden and iron-overloading on ceruloplasmin expression in RAW 264.7 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the treatment of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) could reduce ceruloplasmin (Cp) expression and then, influence iron efflux in macrophages.
  
  
  METHODS
  RAW264.7 cells were treated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), deferoxamine (DFO) and ox-LDL. Biochemical analysis and histological assays were performed to detect the iron-related protein including ferritin (Ft), transferrin receptor (TfR), ferroportin 1 (FPN1) and Cp. And the cholesterol enzyme was used to evaluate cells' cholesterol content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Western blot showed that protein level of FPN1, Ft increased and protein level of TfR decreased after the treatment of FAC. The mRNA level (t=-5.995, P=0.019) and the oxidative activity (t=-9.875, P=0.001) of Cp increased significantly after the treatment of LPS+FAC compared to control group. The treatment of ox-LDL could reduce protein level of Cp compared to LPS treated cells and no different protein levels of Ft and Ferroportin was found after the treatment of ox-LDL as shown by Western blot. The protein level, ferroxidase activities (t=6.663, P=0.003) and mRNA levels (t=8.948, P=0.001) of Cp in LPS+ox-LDL+FAC group were reduced than LPS+FAC group. The protein levels of Ft and FPN1 in LPS+ox-LDL+FAC group was significant higher than LPS+FAC group as shown by Western blot.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that the expression of Cp is reduced in foam cells and leads to obstructed iron efflux in iron overloaded foam cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Jiajie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; Email: qiaotongmail@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D002784:Cholesterol; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005293:Ferritins; D005487:Foam Cells; D007501:Iron; D019190:Iron Overload; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008264:Macrophages; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D000098742:Ferroportin
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C068126:CD71 antigen; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D000098742:Ferroportin; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D005293:Ferritins; D002784:Cholesterol; D007501:Iron; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; C013531:ferric ammonium citrate