title: Varenicline and Nicotine Patch Therapies in Young Adults Motivated to Quit Smoking: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Prospective Study.
abstract: This study compares the nicotine patch to placebo in young adult light smokers, and the nicotine patch to varenicline in heavy smokers. Volunteer daily smokers were recruited into a randomized, placebo-controlled study via community media, colleges and the army (aged 18-26 years). Those subjects with light tobacco dependence were randomized to (i) placebo patch (n = 86) and (ii) nicotine patch 10 mg/16 hr for 8 weeks (n = 94), and those with stronger dependence to (iii) nicotine patch 15 mg/16 hr for 8 weeks (n = 51) and (iv) varenicline for 12 weeks (n = 60). The primary outcome variable was self-reported smoking abstinence at week 12. Secondary outcome variables were self-reported smoking abstinence at weeks 4 and 26, and self-reported abstinence verified by saliva cotinine level at week 12. The prevalence of self-reported smoking abstinence did not differ statistically significantly in light smokers during the follow-up (week 4: 19.8% for placebo patch and 26.6% for nicotine patch 10 mg/16 hr; week 12: 17.4% versus 23.4%; week 26: 15.1% versus 20.2%), but the groups of heavy smokers differed significantly for 12 weeks (week 4: 19.6% for nicotine patch 15 mg/16 hr and 73.3% for varenicline, p < 0.001; week 12: 15.7% versus 36.7%, p = 0.018). This statistically significant difference did not endure for the entire follow-up (week 26: 9.8% versus 18.3%, p = 0.280). However, saliva cotinine verified abstinence at week 12 did not support self-reported abstinence. Varenicline may be more effective than the nicotine patch as a smoking cessation pharmacotherapy among young adult heavy smokers in the short-term.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Finland.|Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland.|Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuisku
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland.
authors.forename: Merita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salmela
authors.affiliation: Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland.
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toljamo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000068580:Varenicline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000068580:Varenicline