title: Support Immersion Endoscopy in Post-Extraction Alveolar Bone Chambers: A New Window for Microscopic Bone Imaging In Vivo.
abstract: Using an endoscopic approach, small intraoral bone chambers, which are routinely obtained during tooth extraction and implantation, provide visual in vivo access to internal bone structures. The aim of the present paper is to present a new method to quantify bone microstructure and vascularisation in vivo. Ten extraction sockets and 6 implant sites in 14 patients (6 men / 8 women) were examined by support immersion endoscopy (SIE). After tooth extraction or implant site preparation, microscopic bone analysis (MBA) was performed using short distance SIE video sequences of representative bone areas for off-line analysis with ImageJ. Quantitative assessment of the microstructure and vascularisation of the bone in dental extraction and implant sites in vivo was performed using ImageJ. MBA revealed bone morphology details such as unmineralised and mineralised areas, vascular canals and the presence of bleeding through vascular canals. Morphometric examination revealed that there was more unmineralised bone and less vascular canal area in the implant sites than in the extraction sockets.
authors.affiliation: Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georg-August-University Hospital, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Engelke
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazzarini
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stühmer
authors.affiliation: Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georg-August-University Hospital, Göttingen, Germany.|Research Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Beltrán
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015921:Dental Implants; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants