title: Evaluation of Infectivity, Virulence and Transmission of FDMV Field Strains of Serotypes O and A Isolated In 2010 from Outbreaks in the Republic of Korea.
abstract: Since the early 2000s outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) have been described in several previously FMD-free Asian nations, including the Republic of Korea (South Korea). One outbreak with FMD virus (FDMV) serotype A and two with serotype O occurred in South Korea in 2010/2011. The causative viruses belonged to lineages that had been spreading in South East Asia, far East and East Asia since 2009 and presented a great threat to the countries in that region. Most FMDV strains infect ruminants and pigs, as it happened during the outbreaks of FMDV serotype O in South Korea. Contrastingly, the strain of serotype A affected only ruminants. Based upon these findings, the intention of the work described in the current report was to characterize and compare the infectivity, virulence and transmission of both strains under laboratory conditions in cattle and pigs, by direct inoculation and contact exposure. As expected, FMDV serotype O was highly virulent in both cattle and swine by contact exposure and direct inoculation. Surprisingly, FMDV serotype A was highly virulent in swine, but was less infectious in cattle by contact exposure to infected swine or cattle. Interestingly, similar quantities of aerosolized FMDV RNA were detected during experiments with viruses of serotypes O and A. Specific virus-host interaction of A/SKR/2010 could affect the transmission of this strain to cattle, and this may explain in part the limited spread of the serotype A epizootic.
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Nyeong
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.|Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eschbaumer
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Ethan J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hartwig
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Pauszek
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Smoliga
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyang-Sim
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongseob
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tark
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byounghan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Luis L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Plum Island, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arzt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014774:Virulence; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral