title: Association between maxillary sinus pathologies and healthy teeth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The proximity of the roots to the maxillary sinus can create a variety of risks.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between the roots of healthy teeth and the maxillary sinus, as well as the occurrence of sinus pathologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three radiologists analyzed 109 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The Kappa test was used to assess the intra- and inter-rater agreement. The chi-squared test and prevalence ratio were used to test the hypothesis that roots of healthy teeth in the maxillary sinus favored the occurrence of sinus pathologies (p=0.01).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intra- and inter-rater agreement ranged from good to excellent. The chi-squared test demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p=0.006) between the tooth roots in diseased maxillary sinuses (6.09%) and those in normal sinuses (3.43%). The prevalence ratio test showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of tooth roots in diseased sinuses than in normal sinuses (p<0.0001). Roots in the maxillary sinus were 1.82 times more associated with diseased sinuses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dental roots in the maxillary sinus are almost twice as likely to be associated with diseased sinuses than normal sinuses. Healthy teeth whose roots are inside the maxillary sinus may induce an inflammatory response in the sinus membrane. It is suspected that dental procedures may exacerbate the condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: ginart87@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gina D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Roque-Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laura Ricardina
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Sotelo
authors.affiliation: Dental Radiology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio Lins de Azevedo
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Solange Maria de Almeida de
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bóscolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Frab Norberto
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Bóscolo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015588:Observer Variation; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Dental root; Dente molar; Dente pré-molar; Maxillary sinus; Molar tooth; Premolar tooth; Raiz dentária; Seio maxilar; Tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico