title: Phytoavailability of Cd and Pb in crop straw biochar-amended soil is related to the heavy metal content of both biochar and soil.
abstract: Crop straw biochar incorporation may be a sustainable method of amending soil, but feedstock-related Cd and Pb content is a major concern. We investigated the effects of heavy metal-rich (RC) and -free biochar (FC) on the phytoavailability of Cd and Pb in two acidic metalliferous soils. Biochar significantly increased soil pH and improved plant growth. Pb in soil and plant tissues significantly decreased after biochar application, and a similar pattern was observed for Cd after FC application. RC significantly increased NH4NO3-extractable Cd in both lightly contaminated (YBS) and heavily contaminated soils (RS). The Cd content of plants grown on YBS increased, whereas it decreased on RS. The Cd and Pb input-output balance suggested that RC application to YBS might induce a soil Cd accumulation risk. Therefore, identifying heavy metal contamination in biochar is crucial before it is used as a soil amendment.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Dao-You
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Han-Hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zun-Chang
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: qhzhu@isa.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Qi-Hong
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002606:Charcoal; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C540010:biochar; D002104:Cadmium; D002606:Charcoal; D007854:Lead
keywords: Biochar; Cadmium; Lead; NH(4)NO(3)-extractable Cd; NH(4)NO(3)-extractable Pb