title: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Nosography, management and treatment.
abstract: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) represent about 7% of all NETs, 8.7% of gastroenteropancreatic NETs (GEP-NETs) and 1-2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. In the last two decades, the increased diagnosis of pNETs has generated great interest and the development of different classifications, grading and staging systems. Recently, several trials were performed in order to improve the knowledge of biomarkers and imaging and to provide an early diagnosis, but their role is still under debate. Nowadays, surgery represents the only curative approach for pNETs. Approximately 90% of pNETs are silent and non-functional; therefore, most patients are diagnosed in late stage and present metastatic (60%) or locally unresectable advanced disease (21%) with a poor prognosis. Not many therapeutic options are available for pNETs, with different treatments for G1-G2 and G3 tumors, because these diseases are still rare and trials are made up of few series of patients. At present, medical treatments is controversial. On these bases, we believe that a multidisciplinary team composed of surgeons, oncologists, endocrinologists, radiation oncologists, radiologists, pathologists and medicals nuclear is required. This paper presents a review of present state-of-the-art in the field of pNETs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: michele.orditura@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orditura
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: angelic.petrillo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrillo
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: j.ventriglia@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Jole
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ventriglia
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: annadiana88@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diana
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: marilena_laterza@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Maria Maddalena
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Laterza
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: alessiofabozzi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fabozzi
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: beasavastano@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Savastano
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: elifranzese@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Elisena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franzese
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.conzo@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Conzo
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: luigi.santini@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: fortunato.ciardiello@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Fortunato
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciardiello
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", Second University of Naples - School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. Electronic address: ferdinando.devita@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Ferdinando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Vita
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010348:Patient Care Team
keywords: Functional neuroendocrine tumors; Neuroendocrine carcinoma; Pancreas; Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs)