title: Cationic niosomes an effective gene carrier composed of novel spermine-derivative cationic lipids: effect of central core structures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cationic niosomes formulated from Span 20, cholesterol (Chol) and novel spermine-based cationic lipids of multiple central core structures (di(oxyethyl)amino, di(oxyethyl)amino carboxy, 3-amino-1,2-dioxypropyl and 2-amino-1,3-dioxypropyl) were successfully prepared for improving transfection efficiency in vitro. The niosomes composed of spermine cationic lipid with central core structure of di(oxyethyl)amino revealed the highest gene transfection efficiency.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the factors affecting gene transfection and cell viability including differences in the central core structures of cationic lipids, the composition of vesicles, molar ratio of cationic lipids in formulations and the weight ratio of niosomes to DNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cationic niosomes composed of nonionic surfactants (Span20), cholesterol and spermine-based cationic lipids of multiple central core structures were formulated. Gene transfection and cell viability were evaluated on a human cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa cells) using pDNA encoding green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-C2). The morphology, size and charge were also characterized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High transfection efficiency was obtained from cationic niosomes composed of Span20:Chol:cationic lipid at the molar ratio of 2.5:2.5:0.5 mM. Cationic lipids with di(oxyethyl)amino as a central core structure exhibited highest transfection efficiency. In addition, there was also no serum effect on transfection efficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These novel cationic niosomes may constitute a good alternative carrier for gene transfection.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Silpakorn University , Pathom , Nakhon , Thailand , and.
authors.forename: Praneet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Opanasopit
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Silpakorn University , Pathom , Nakhon , Thailand , and.
authors.forename: Lalita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leksantikul
authors.affiliation: b Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Nattisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Niyomtham
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Silpakorn University , Pathom , Nakhon , Thailand , and.
authors.forename: Theerasak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rojanarata
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Silpakorn University , Pathom , Nakhon , Thailand , and.
authors.forename: Tanasait
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ngawhirunpat
authors.affiliation: b Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Boon-Ek
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Yingyongnarongkul
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes; D010316:Particle Size; D010957:Plasmids; D013096:Spermine / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D013096:Spermine; D004247:DNA
keywords: Cationic niosomes; central core structures; gene transfection; spermine derivatives