title: Comparative Outcomes of Primary Gingivoperiosteoplasty and Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of primary gingivoperiosteoplasty in the repair of alveolar clefts remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of primary gingivoperiosteoplasty and secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, the authors analyzed the postoperative cone-beam computed tomographic scans of 50 children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate who underwent primary gingivoperiosteoplasty (n = 25) or secondary alveolar bone grafting (n = 25). These two methods of alveolar repair were compared by measuring residual cleft defect and unsupported root ratio of cleft-adjacent central incisors on patient scans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who underwent repair by primary gingivoperiosteoplasty presented more need for additional bone grafting than those undergoing repair by secondary alveolar bone grafting (28 percent versus 4 percent, respectively; p < 0.05). Residual cleft defect was greater in patients who underwent repair by primary gingivoperiosteoplasty than by secondary alveolar bone grafting (305.8 ± 176.5 mm versus 178.6 ± 122.0 mm, respectively; p < 0.05). Patients who underwent repair by primary gingivoperiosteoplasty showed more residual palatal coronal and palatal apical defects than those who underwent repair by secondary alveolar bone grafting (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, primary gingivoperiosteoplasty can achieve 72 percent success. Primary gingivoperiosteoplasty results in less bone than secondary alveolar bone grafting, particularly on the palatal apical portion of the previous alveolar cleft. Clinical success is lower with primary gingivoperiosteoplasty than with secondary alveolar bone grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, III.
authors.affiliation: Taipei, Taoyuan, and Linkou, Taiwan From the Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, the Craniofacial Center, the Craniofacial Research Center, and the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; and the College of Medicine, Chang Gung University.
authors.forename: Yi-Chin
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Philip Kuo-Ting
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D064728:Alveolar Bone Grafting / Q000379:methods; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010521:Periosteum / Q000601:surgery; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013624:Taiwan; D016896:Treatment Outcome