title: A cost analysis of operative repair of major laparoscopic bile duct injuries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Major bile duct injuries occur infrequently after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but may result in life-threatening complications. Few data exist on the financial implications of duct repair. This study calculated the costs of operative repair in a cohort of patients who underwent reconstruction of the bile duct after major ductal injury.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To calculate the total in-hospital cost of surgical repair of patients referred with major bile duct injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective database was reviewed to identify all patients referred to the University of Cape Town Private Academic Hospital, South Africa, between 2002 and 2013 for assessment and repair of major laparoscopic bile duct injuries. The detailed clinical records and billing information were evaluated to determine all costs from admission to discharge. Total costs for each patient were adjusted for inflation between the year of repair and 2013. Results. Forty-four patients (33 women, 11 men; median age 48 years, range 30 - 78) underwent reconstruction of a major bile duct injury. First-time repairs were performed at a median of 24.5 days (range 1 - 3,662) after initial surgery. Median hospital stay was 15 days (range 6 - 86). Mean cost of repair was ZAR215,711 (range ZAR68,764 - 980,830). Major contributors to cost were theatre expenses (22%), admission to intensive care (21%), radiology (17%) and specialist fees (12%). Admission to a general ward (10%), consumables (7%), pharmacy (5%), endoscopy (3%) and laboratory costs (3%) made up the balance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cost of repair of a major laparoscopic bile duct injury is substantial owing to prolonged hospitalisation, complex surgicalintervention and intensive imaging requirements.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofmeyr
authors.forename: J E J
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Krige
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Bornman
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Beningfield
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000191:economics*; D013019:South Africa