title: Biochemical changes correlated with blood thiamine and its phosphate esters levels in patients with diabetes type 1 (DMT1).
abstract: Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential enzyme cofactor in most organisms required at several stages of anabolic and catabolic intermediary metabolism. However, little is known on the positive effects of thiamine in diabetic type 1 (DMT1) patients. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the biochemical changes related to thiamine deficiency in patients with DMT1 outcomes among Saudi adults. We hypothesized that blood thiamine deficiency in patients with DMT1 manifestations might lead to an increase in metabolic syndrome. A total of 77 patients with DMT1 (age 35.8 ± 5.5) and 81 controls (age 45.0 ± 18.1) (total N = 158) were randomly selected from the Riyadh Cohort Study for inclusion. Saudi adults with diabetes type 1, a significant decrease in systolic (P < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.008) and microalbuminuria (P = 0.02). Moreover, cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides were significantly increased (P 0.001, 0.001 and 0.008, respectively) in patients with diabetes type 1 compared to controls. On the other hand, HDL, TMP, TDP and thiamine, were significantly decreased in patients with diabetes type 1 (P 0.005, 0.002, 0.005, and 0.002), respectively. A strong association between blood thiamine level and diabetes type 1 was detected in our study population. The results confirmed the role of thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters, in preventing metabolic changes and complications of diabetes type 1. The levels of these thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters were correlated with diabetes related biomarkers including HDL, glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as microalbuminuria, LDL and urine thiamine. The results support a pivotal role of blood thiamine and its phosphate esters in preventing the biochemical changes and complications in patients with DMT1.
authors.affiliation: Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA ; Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA.
authors.forename: Nasser M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Al-Daghri
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Centers and Units Administration, Ministry of Health Riyadh 11451, KSA.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alharbi
authors.affiliation: Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA ; Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA.
authors.forename: Kaiser
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.affiliation: Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA ; Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA.
authors.forename: Sherif H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Abd-Alrahman
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Care Center, Prince Salman Bin Abdulaziz Hospital Riyadh 11451, KSA.
authors.forename: Eman
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sheshah
authors.affiliation: Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA ; Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, KSA.
authors.forename: Majed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alokail
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D004952:Esters / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D013831:Thiamine / Q000097:blood*; D013832:Thiamine Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004952:Esters; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D013831:Thiamine
keywords: Diabetes type 1 (DMT1); HPLC; biochemical changes; thiamine