title: Relationship Between Voice and Motor Disabilities of Parkinson's Disease.
abstract: To evaluate voice of Iranian patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and find any relationship between motor disabilities and acoustic voice parameters as speech motor components. We evaluated 27 Farsi-speaking PD patients and 21 age- and sex-matched healthy persons as control. Motor performance was assessed by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III and Hoehn and Yahr rating scale in the "on" state. Acoustic voice evaluation, including fundamental frequency (f0), standard deviation of f0, minimum of f0, maximum of f0, shimmer, jitter, and harmonic to noise ratio, was done using the Praat software via /a/ prolongation. No difference was seen between the voice of the patients and the voice of the controls. f0 and its variation had a significant correlation with the duration of the disease, but did not have any relationships with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III. Only limited relationship was observed between voice and motor disabilities. Tremor is an important main feature of PD that affects motor and phonation systems. Females had an older age at onset, more prolonged disease, and more severe motor disabilities (not statistically significant), but phonation disorders were more frequent in males and showed more relationship with severity of motor disabilities. Voice is affected by PD earlier than many other motor components and is more sensitive to disease progression. Tremor is the most effective part of PD that impacts voice. PD has more effect on voice of male versus female patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: f-majdinasab@razi.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Majdinasab
authors.affiliation: Rasool-e- Akram Hospital of IUMS, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Siamak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karkheiran
authors.affiliation: Ahvaz Jundishapoor University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soltani
authors.affiliation: Ahvaz Jundishapoor University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Negin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moradi
authors.affiliation: Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shahidi
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010699:Phonation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D014202:Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D014833:Voice Quality
keywords: Parkinson's disease; UPDRS; acoustic; motor disorders; voice