title: uPA Attenuated LPS-induced Inflammatory Osteoclastogenesis through the Plasmin/PAR-1/Ca(2+)/CaMKK/AMPK Axis.
abstract: Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis-caused bone destruction, results from an increase of bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OCs) induced by inflammation. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying this disorder remain unclear. We herein investigated that the effect of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) on inflammatory osteoclastogenesis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a potent stimulator of bone resorption in inflammatory diseases. We found that the uPA deficiency promoted inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and bone loss induced by LPS. We also showed that LPS induced the expression of uPA, and the uPA treatment attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 mouse monocyte/macrophage lineage cells. Additionally, we showed that the uPA-attenuated inflammatory osteoclastgenesis is associated with the activation of plasmin/protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 axis by uPA. Moreover, we examined the mechanism underlying the effect of uPA on inflammatory osteoclastogenesis, and found that uPA/plasmin/PAR-1 activated the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway through Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) activation, and attenuated inflammatory osteoclastogenesis by inactivation of NF-κB in RAW264.7 cells. These data suggest that uPA attenuated inflammatory osteoclastogenesis through the plasmin/PAR-1/Ca2+/CaMKK/AMPK axis. Our findings may provide a novel therapeutic approach to bone loss caused by inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, 97-1 Kodo Kyo-tanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.affiliation: 2. Division of Cellular Biosignal Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuta, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishisaki
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, 97-1 Kodo Kyo-tanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kawashita
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, 97-1 Kodo Kyo-tanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuretake
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, 97-1 Kodo Kyo-tanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: 3. Kinki University Faculty of Medicine 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osaka-sayama 589-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Matsuo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054737:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1; D054737:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
keywords: AMPK; inflammation; osteoclasts; plasmin; uPA