title: Border Disease Virus: An Exceptional Driver of Chamois Populations Among Other Threats.
abstract: Though it is accepted that emerging infectious diseases are a threat to planet biodiversity, little information exists about their role as drivers of species extinction. Populations are also affected by natural catastrophes and other pathogens, making it difficult to estimate the particular impact of emerging infectious diseases. Border disease virus genogroup 4 (BDV-4) caused a previously unreported decrease in populations of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) in Spain. Using a population viability analysis, we compared probabilities of extinction of a virtual chamois population affected by winter conditions, density dependence, keratoconjunctivitis, sarcoptic mange, and BD outbreaks. BD-affected populations showed double risk of becoming extinct in 50 years, confirming the exceptional ability of this virus to drive chamois populations.
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Departamento de Biologia and Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de AveiroAveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Andreu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colom-Cadena
authors.affiliation: VetAgro-Sup, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gilot-Fromont
authors.affiliation: Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Unité Faune de Montagne Gières, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garel
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries-Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cabezón
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Velarde
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernández-Sirera
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fernández-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries-Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca Alimentació i Medi Natural, Generalitat de CatalunyaBarcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lavín
authors.affiliation: Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignasi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marco
keywords: Rupicapra; VORTEX; emerging diseases; extinction risk; keratoconjunctivitis; pestivirus; population viability analysis; sarcoptic mange