title: Correlational research of Golgi phosphorylation protein 3 expression in colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of Golgi phosphorylation protein 3 (GOLPH3) expression on cell apoptosis, angiogenesis and prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of GOLPH3 in CRC tissues and normal colorectal mucosae was determined by immunohistochemistry in 62 patients. In addition, immunohistochemistry was also carried out to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34 and microvessel density (MVD). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay was used to determine the apoptotic index (AI). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between GOLPH3 expression and survival in another 123 CRC cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with normal colorectal mucosae, a notably higher level of GOLPH3 protein expression was identified in CRC tissues (53.2% vs 24.2%, P < 0.05). Positive GOLPH3 expression was significantly associated with tumor invasion depth, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001; P = 0.020; P = 0.020; P < 0.05, respectively), but not with tumor length, tumor site, and age (P = 0.363; P = 0.819; P = 0.599; P > 0.05, respectively). VEGF expression and MVD in GOLPH3-positive CRC was significantly higher than in GOLPH3-negative CRC (VEGF: 69.7% vs 31.0%; MVD: 21.45 ± 9.39 vs 14.24 ± 8.97; P < 0.05). GOLPH3 expression was negatively correlated with AI in CRC as shown by Spearman correlation analysis (r = -0.320, P < 0.05). The 5-year survival rate in GOLPH3-negative CRC (69.4%) was significantly higher than in GOLPH3-positive CRC (48.6%) (log-rank test, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High expression of GOLPH3 is found in CRC tissues. GOLPH3 expression may be a novel prognostic marker for CRC patients.
authors.affiliation: Yan-Ta Guo, Cheng-Zhi Qiu, Wai-Shi Yu, Xiao-Feng Yang, Ming-Zhen Wang, Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ta
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Yan-Ta Guo, Cheng-Zhi Qiu, Wai-Shi Yu, Xiao-Feng Yang, Ming-Zhen Wang, Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Zhi
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Yan-Ta Guo, Cheng-Zhi Qiu, Wai-Shi Yu, Xiao-Feng Yang, Ming-Zhen Wang, Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Yan-Ta Guo, Cheng-Zhi Qiu, Wai-Shi Yu, Xiao-Feng Yang, Ming-Zhen Wang, Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Wai-Shi
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Yan-Ta Guo, Cheng-Zhi Qiu, Wai-Shi Yu, Xiao-Feng Yang, Ming-Zhen Wang, Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Yan-Ta Guo, Cheng-Zhi Qiu, Wai-Shi Yu, Xiao-Feng Yang, Ming-Zhen Wang, Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Zhen
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D055806:Microvessels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C429024:GOLPH3 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Angiogenesis; Cell apoptosis; Colorectal cancer; Golgi phosphorylation protein 3; Prognosis