title: The New Transgenic cry1Ab/vip3H Rice Poses No Unexpected Ecological Risks to Arthropod Communities in Rice Agroecosystems.
abstract: The ecological risks to nontarget organisms should be rigorously assessed before Bt crops are released. Here, the impacts of a new Cry1Ab/Vip3H rice line on arthropod communities in rice agroecosystems were evaluated across 3 yr. Arthropods collected via vacuum were sorted into five guilds. The abundance and proportion of each guild as well as community-level parameters were determined in Cry1Ab/Vip3H and control rice fields. Changes in arthropod species assemblage over sampling dates were investigated by principal response curves (PRCs). Cry1Ab/Vip3H rice did not exert significant impacts on the seasonal density and proportion of each guild, except parasitoids. Detritivore seasonal density, but not its relative abundance, was significantly affected by Cry1Ab/Vip3H rice. Four community indices (species richness S, Shannon-Wiener index H', Simpson index D, and evenness index J') were similar between rice types. PRCs revealed a slight community difference between rice types in the past two tested years, with rice types accounting for 1.0-3.5% of the variance among arthropod communities. However, sampling dates explain 32.1-67.6% for these community differences. Of the 46 taxa with higher species weights, 26.1% of the taxa were significantly different, including seven taxa with higher abundance and five with lower density in Cry1Ab/Vip3H rice fields. These differences may be attributed to change in abundance of prey or hosts but not to direct effects of Bt proteins. We infer that this new Cry1Ab/Vip3H rice line poses no unintended ecological risks to the arthropod community.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China (luzengbin12345@163.com), State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (dangcong2013@163.com; hannaishunbbg@163.com; zcshen@zju.edu.cn; chu@zju.edu.cn), chu@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zengbin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (dangcong2013@163.com; hannaishunbbg@163.com; zcshen@zju.edu.cn; chu@zju.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (dangcong2013@163.com; hannaishunbbg@163.com; zcshen@zju.edu.cn; chu@zju.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Naishun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (dangcong2013@163.com; hannaishunbbg@163.com; zcshen@zju.edu.cn; chu@zju.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Zhicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (yfpeng@vip.qq.com).
authors.forename: Yufa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, MO (stanleyd@missouri.edu), and.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China (dangcong2013@163.com; hannaishunbbg@163.com; zcshen@zju.edu.cn; chu@zju.edu.cn), chu@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Gongyin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001181:Arthropods / Q000187:drug effects*; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D044822:Biodiversity; D002681:China; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis
keywords: Transgenic rice; arthropod; crylAb; epsps; vip3H