title: Visualizing biofilm formation in endotracheal tubes using endoscopic three-dimensional optical coherence tomography.
abstract: Biofilm formation has been linked to ventilator-associated pneumonia, which is a prevalent infection in hospital intensive care units. Currently, there is no rapid diagnostic tool to assess the degree of biofilm formation or cellular biofilm composition. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a minimally invasive, nonionizing imaging modality that can be used to provide high-resolution cross-sectional images. Biofilm deposited in critical care patients’ endotracheal tubes was analyzed in vitro. This study demonstrates that OCT could potentially be used as a diagnostic tool to analyze and assess the degree of biofilm formation and extent of airway obstruction caused by biofilm in endotracheal tubes.
authors.affiliation: University of California Irvine, Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5200 Engineering Hall, Irvine, California 92697-2700, United StatesbBeckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United.
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.affiliation: University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States.
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moghaddam
authors.forename: Kimberly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.affiliation: University of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States.
authors.forename: Kimberly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Troung
authors.affiliation: Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United States.
authors.forename: Lidek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: N8 Medical, 7165 Mira Monte Circle, Las Vegas, Nevada 89120, United States.
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Genberg
authors.affiliation: Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United StatescUniversity of California Irvine, UC Irvine Health, Pulmonology, 101, The City Drive South, Orange, California 92868, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.affiliation: University of California Irvine, Samueli School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5200 Engineering Hall, Irvine, California 92697-2700, United StatesbBeckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92617, United.
authors.forename: Zhongping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D018441:Biofilms; D003422:Critical Care; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010641:Phenotype; D053717:Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / Q000175:diagnosis; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*