title: Dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Supplementation Improves the Mucosal Barrier Function in the Intestine of Weaned Piglets Challenged by Porcine Rotavirus.
abstract: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been regarded as a safe probiotic strain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary LGG supplementation could alleviate diarrhea via improving jejunal mucosal barrier function in the weaned piglets challenged by RV, and further analyze the potential roles for apoptosis of jejunal mucosal cells and intestinal microbiota. A total of 24 crossbred barrows weaned at 21 d of age were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 diets: the basal diet and LGG supplementing diet. On day 11, all pigs were orally infused RV or the sterile essential medium. RV infusion increased the diarrhea rate, increased the RV-Ab, NSP4 and IL-2 concentrations and the Bax mRNA levels of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), decreased the villus height, villus height: crypt depth, the sIgA, IL-4 and mucin 1 concentrations and the ZO-1, occludin and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and affected the microbiota of ileum and cecum (P<0.05) in the weaned pigs. Dietary LGG supplementation increased the villus height and villus height: crypt depth, the sIgA, IL-4, mucin 1 and mucin 2 concentrations, and the ZO-1, occludin and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) reduced the Bax mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) in weaned pigs. Furthermore, dietary LGG supplementation alleviated the increase of diarrhea rate in the weaned pigs challenged by RV (P<0.05), and relieve the effect of RV infection on the villus height, crypt depth and the villus height: crypt depth of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), the NSP4, sIgA, IL-2, IL-4, mucin 1 and mucin 2 concentrations of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), the ZO-1, occludin, Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and the microbiota of ileum and cecum (P<0.05) in the weaned pigs challenged by RV. These results suggest that supplementing LGG in diets alleviated the diarrhea of weaned piglets challenged by RV via inhibiting the virus multiplication and improving the jejunal mucosal barrier function, which was possibly due to the decreasing apoptosis of jejunal mucosal cells and the improvement of intestinal microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiangbing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Changsong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Daiwen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junqiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, China, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; D008297:Male; D008871:Microvilli / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D062793:Occludin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011897:Random Allocation; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014886:Weaning; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D018396:Mucin-1; D062793:Occludin; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D015847:Interleukin-4