title: Cardiovascular Surgery Residency Program: Training Coronary Anastomosis Using the Arroyo Simulator and UNIFESP Models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Engage the UNIFESP Cardiovascular Surgery residents in coronary anastomosis, assess their skills and certify results, using the Arroyo Anastomosis Simulator and UNIFESP surgical models.
  
  
  METHODS
  First to 6th year residents attended a weekly program of technical training in coronary anastomosis, using 4 simulation models: 1. Arroyo simulator; 2. Dummy with a plastic heart; 3. Dummy with a bovine heart; and 4. Dummy with a beating pig heart. The assessment test was comprised of 10 items, using a scale from 1 to 5 points in each of them, creating a global score of 50 points maximum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical performance of the candidate showed improvement in all items, especially manual skill and technical progress, critical sense of the work performed, confidence in the procedure and reduction of the time needed to perform the anastomosis after 12 weeks practice. In response to the multiplicity of factors that currently influence the cardiovascular surgeon training, there have been combined efforts to reform the practices of surgical medical training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1 - The four models of simulators offer a considerable contribution to the field of cardiovascular surgery, improving the skill and dexterity of the surgeon in training. 2 - Residents have shown interest in training and cooperate in the development of innovative procedures for surgical medical training in the art.
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Maluf
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Walter José
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ademir Massarico
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bras
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Cavalcante Vila Nova de
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Lupp
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.affiliation: Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caio Cesar
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Viana dos S
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Coutinho
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000193:education; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000601:surgery*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods*; D008348:Manikins; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D000066908:Simulation Training / Q000191:economics