title: Direct Biofluid Analysis Using Hydrophobic Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: Ambient electrostatic paper spray ionization from a hydrophobic paper occurs when a DC potential is applied to the dry paper triangle. Online liquid/liquid extraction of small organic compounds from a drop of biological fluid present on the dry hydrophobic paper is achieved with an organic spray solvent in under 1 min and utilizes in situ electrostatic-spray ionization for more efficient detection of extracted molecules. Direct analysis of small volumes of biofluids with no sample pretreatment is possible, which is applicable in point-of-care analyses. High sensitivity and quantitative accuracy was achieved for the direct analysis of illicit drugs in 4 μL of raw blood, serum, and whole urine. The study was extended to monitor the activity of alanine transaminase enzyme, a key biomarker for the detection of liver injury in patients (with HIV and tuberculosis) who typically take several medications at once.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43110, United States.
authors.forename: Deidre E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Damon
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43110, United States.
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43110, United States.
authors.forename: Camila R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43110, United States.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Capone
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43110, United States.
authors.forename: Riley
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cruttenden
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43110, United States.
authors.forename: Abraham K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Badu-Tawiah
mesh_terms: D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D010209:Paper; D000067716:Point-of-Care Testing; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs