title: Potential roles of fibroblast growth factor 21 in the brain.
abstract: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine hormone, playing an important role in the regulation of metabolism. FGF21 is primarily expressed by several tissues, including liver, pancreas, thymus, heart, muscle, adipose tissue, and brain. In addition to the effects of FGF21 in lowering glucose and lipid levels, increasing insulin sensitivity and regulating energy homeostasis in rodents and non-human primate models of diabetes and obesity, previous reports have demonstrated that FGF21 also plays an important role in the brain involving it in potential effects in metabolic regulation, neuroprotection and cognition. In this review, the current available evidence from both in vitro and in vivo investigations regarding the roles of FGF21 and its function in the brain are comprehensively summarized. In addition, the mechanistic insights regarding the roles of FGF21 in the brain and its potential neuroprotective benefits are also presented and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.|Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.|Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Piangkwan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sa-Nguanmoo
authors.affiliation: Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.|Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.|Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nipon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
authors.affiliation: Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.|Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.|Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. scchattipakorn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Siriporn C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C414620:fibroblast growth factor 21; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors
keywords: Brain; Cognition; FGF21; Hypothalamus; Metabolism