title: Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA1) is a negative prognostic marker for human gastric cancer.
abstract: Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA1) is an enzyme which has been found to be upregulated in various tumors, yet its profile in gastrointestinal cancers has not systemically investigated. In present study, gastrointestinal tissue microarrays were used to evaluate PPA1 expression and the association of PPA1 expression with clinical outcomes was determined for patients with gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry. Overexpression of PPA1 was observed in cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and pancreaticobiliary system. PPA1 was overexpressed in 143 cases (51.3%) of the 279 primary gastric tumors and was associated with larger size (> 3 cm), nodal metastasis and advanced clinical staging (P < 0.05). Moreover, survival analysis demonstrated that PPA1 expression was significantly correlated reduced overall of patients with gastric cancer. Therefore, PPA1 may serve as a potential biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yingchi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Kangli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200120, China.
authors.forename: Guanzhen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100050, China ; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Zhongtao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase
keywords: Gastric cancer; PPA1; metastasis