title: Endometrial Carcinoma: Role of Current and Emerging Biomarkers in Resolving Persistent Clinical Dilemmas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type II and other high-grade endometrial carcinomas may challenge conventional treatment due to recurrence and metastatic spread and therefore are a persistent clinical dilemma. Effective targeted therapy for these is a goal for clinicians and researchers alike.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive review of the literature has been performed for obtaining an in-depth understanding of the clinicopathological characteristics, etiologic factors, and molecular profile of these subsets of endometrial carcinoma. Progress made with current and emerging biomarkers for prognosis assessment and therapeutic targeting has been summarized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There has been a significant increase in research on potential biomarkers of endometrial cancer, and beneficial targeted therapies have been identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical trials are leading the charge for substantial gains toward personalized treatment of aggressive endometrial carcinoma subtypes.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology.
authors.forename: Tatiana N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Buhtoiarova
authors.affiliation: Office of the Vice Dean for Faculty Affairs and Faculty Development, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook.
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology Department of Pathology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City. msingh2@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: Meenakshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Biomarkers; Endometrial carcinoma; Targeted therapy