title: Changing climates of conflict: A social network experiment in 56 schools.
abstract: Theories of human behavior suggest that individuals attend to the behavior of certain people in their community to understand what is socially normative and adjust their own behavior in response. An experiment tested these theories by randomizing an anticonflict intervention across 56 schools with 24,191 students. After comprehensively measuring every school's social network, randomly selected seed groups of 20-32 students from randomly selected schools were assigned to an intervention that encouraged their public stance against conflict at school. Compared with control schools, disciplinary reports of student conflict at treatment schools were reduced by 25% over 1 year. The effect was stronger when the seed group contained more "social referent" students who, as network measures reveal, attract more student attention. Network analyses of peer-to-peer influence show that social referents spread perceptions of conflict as less socially normative.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540; epaluck@princeton.edu.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Levy
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Paluck
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901;
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.affiliation: Department of Political Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520; Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Aronow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D006801:Humans; D012574:Schools; D012944:Social Support; D013334:Students
keywords: adolescents; bullying; social influence; social norms; social psychology