title: New findings on the in vivo antioxidant activity of Curcuma longa extract by an integrated (1)H NMR and HPLC-MS metabolomic approach.
abstract: Curcuminoids possess powerful antioxidant activity as demonstrated in many chemical in vitro tests and in several in vivo trials. Nevertheless, the mechanism of this activity is not completely elucidated and studies on the in vivo antioxidant effects are still needed. Metabolomics may be used as an attractive approach for such studies and in this paper, we describe the effects of oral administration of a Curcuma longa L. extract (150 mg/kg of total curcuminoids) to 12 healthy rats with particular attention to urinary markers of oxidative stress. The experiment was carried out over 33 days and changes in the 24-h urine samples metabolome were evaluated by (1)H NMR and HPLC-MS. Both techniques produced similar representations for the collected samples confirming our previous study. Modifications of the urinary metabolome lead to the observation of different variables proving the complementarity of (1)H NMR and HPLC-MS for metabolomic purposes. The urinary levels of allantoin, m-tyrosine, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and nitrotyrosine were decreased in the treated group thus supporting an in vivo antioxidant effect of the oral administration of Curcuma extract to healthy rats. On the other hand, urinary TMAO levels were higher in the treated compared to the control group suggesting a role of curcumin supplementation on microbiota or on TMAO urinary excretion. Furthermore, the urinary levels of the sulphur containing compounds taurine and cystine were also changed suggesting a role for such constituents in the biochemical pathways involved in Curcuma extract bioactivity and indicating the need for further investigation on the complex role of antioxidant curcumin effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: stefano.dallacqua@unipd.it.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dall'Acqua
authors.affiliation: S-IN Soluzioni Informatiche, Via Ferrari 14, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stocchero
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boschiero
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiavon
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Golob
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Jalal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Voinovich
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mammi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schievano
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000481:Allantoin / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics; D008744:Methylamines / Q000652:urine; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008744:Methylamines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000481:Allantoin; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; C012596:turmeric extract; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; C015566:3-tyrosine; C005855:trimethyloxamine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
keywords: Antioxidants; Curcuma longa; HPLC–MS; In vivo; Metabolomics; NMR