title: Fe2+ chelator proferrorosamine A: a gene cluster of Erwinia rhapontici P45 involved in its synthesis and its impact on growth of Erwinia amylovora CFBP1430.
abstract: Proferrorosamine A (proFRA) is an iron (Fe2+) chelator produced by the opportunistic plant pathogen Erwinia rhapontici P45. To identify genes involved in proFRA synthesis, transposon mutagenesis was performed. The identified 9.3 kb gene cluster, comprising seven genes, designated rosA-rosG, encodes proteins that are involved in proFRA synthesis. Based on gene homologies, a biosynthetic pathway model for proFRA is proposed. To obtain a better understanding of the effect of proFRA on non-proFRA producing bacteria, E. rhapontici P45 was co-cultured with Erwinia amylovora CFBP1430, a fire-blight-causing plant pathogen. E. rhapontici P45, but not corresponding proFRA-negative mutants, led to a pink coloration of E. amylovora CFBP1430 colonies on King's B agar, indicating accumulation of the proFRA-iron complex ferrorosamine, and growth inhibition in vitro. By saturating proFRA-containing extracts with Fe2+, the inhibitory effect was neutralized, suggesting that the iron-chelating capability of proFRA is responsible for the growth inhibition of E. amylovora CFBP1430.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.|Institute for Plant Production Sciences, Agroscope, Schloss 1, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Yannick
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Born
authors.affiliation: Institute for Food Sciences, Agroscope, Schloss 1, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mitja N P
authors.initials: MNP
authors.lastname: Remus-Emsermann
authors.affiliation: Institute for Plant Production Sciences, Agroscope, Schloss 1, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bieri
authors.affiliation: Institute for Plant Production Sciences, Agroscope, Schloss 1, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.|Department of Agronomy, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamber
authors.affiliation: ETH Zürich, Institute of Microbiology, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jörn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piel
authors.affiliation: Institute for Plant Production Sciences, Agroscope, Schloss 1, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Cosima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pelludat
mesh_terms: D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics*; D044084:Erwinia amylovora / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D011758:Pyrroles; C002210:proferrorosamine A; D007501:Iron