title: Clinical relevance of circulating antibodies and B lymphocyte markers in allograft rejection.
abstract: The main challenge in solid organ transplantation remains to tackle antibody-mediated rejection. Our understanding of the antibody-mediated response and the capacity to detect it has improved in the last decade. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the current clinical tools to monitor B cell activation are perfectible. New strategies, including the refinement in the characterization of HLA and non-HLA antibodies, as well as a better understanding of the circulating B cell phenotype will hopefully help to non-invasively identify patients at risk or undergoing antibody-mediated allograft damage. The current review discusses the current knowledge of the B cell biomarkers in solid organ transplantation, with a focus on circulating antibodies and peripheral B cells.
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vallin
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Désy
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Béland
authors.affiliation: Immunology and Histocompatibility Laboratory, CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada. Electronic address: sacha.deserres@crchuq.ulaval.ca.
authors.forename: Sacha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: De Serres
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006680:HLA Antigens; D007518:Isoantibodies
keywords: Antibody-mediated rejection; B cells; Complement; Donor specific antibodies; HLA antibodies; Luminex; Non-HLA antibodies; Transplantation