title: Correlation between survival and tumour characteristics in patients with chondrosarcoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the correlation between survival and tumour characteristics in 23 patients with chondrosarcoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of 15 men and 8 women aged 14 to 66 (mean, 37) years who were diagnosed with primary (n=19) or secondary (n=4) chondrosarcoma of the axial skeleton (n=8), proximal extremity (n=9), or distal extremity (n=6) were reviewed. The tumour diameter was <10 cm in 4 patients, 10-19 cm in 12, and 20-30 cm in 7. The tumour involved the intramedullary in 17 and the periosteum in 6 patients; tumour extension was intracompartmental in 5 and extracompartmental in 18 patients. The Evans histological grade for the tumours was grade 1 in 6 patients, grade 2 in 10, and grade 3 in 7. The mean tumour size was 12.3 cm for grade 1 tumours, 18.2 cm for grade 2 tumours, and 18.3 cm for grade 3 tumours. 13 patients had no metastasis and 3 of 10 patients with grade 2 tumours and all 7 patients with grade 3 tumours had metastasis to the lung at presentation. 17 patients underwent surgery, one underwent adjuvant treatment only, and 5 declined treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up period for the 23 patients was 3.1 years (range, 3 weeks to 9 years). The 5-year survival rate was 43% overall, 83.3% for grade 1 tumours, 50% for grade 2 tumours, and 0% for grade 3 tumours. The median survival duration was 20 (95% confidence interval, 11-29) months. Two patients had local recurrence and 16 did not, and the 5 patients who declined treatment died. Survival correlated with Evans histological grading (p=0.004), the presence of metastasis at presentation (p=0.026) and local recurrence (p=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survival rate was lower in patients with higher Evan grading, metastasis, or local recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Ciptomangunkusumo National Central Hospital / Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Achmad Fauzi
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.forename: Kurniadi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Husodo
authors.forename: Yogi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Prabowo
authors.forename: Errol Untung
authors.initials: EU
authors.lastname: Hutagalung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: chondrosarcoma; survival analysis