title: Pyrolysis of Animal Bones with Vitamin B12: A Facile Route to Efficient Transition Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon (TM-N-C) Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction.
abstract: By pyrolyzing cattle bones, hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) networks with a high surface area (2520 m(2)  g(-1) ) and connected pores were prepared at a low cost and large scale. Subsequent co-pyrolysis of HPC with vitamin B12 resulted in the formation of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically structured porous cobalt-nitrogen-carbon (Co-N-HPC) electrocatalysts with a surface area as high as 859 m(2)  g(-1) as well as a higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalytic activity, better operation stability, and higher tolerance to methanol than the commercial Pt/C catalyst in alkaline electrolyte.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Meiling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Duanpeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haijing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China. wangf@mail.buct.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. liming.dai@case.edu.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D016062:Porosity; D028561:Transition Elements / Q000737:chemistry*; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D028561:Transition Elements; D003035:Cobalt; D009584:Nitrogen; D014805:Vitamin B 12
keywords: animal bones; cobalt-nitrogen-doped carbon; electrocatalyst; hierarchical pores; oxygen reduction reaction