title: Artificial pneumothorax for pain relief during microwave ablation of subpleural lung tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When microwave ablation (MWA) is used for subpleural lesions, severe pain was the common side effect under the local anesthesia conditions during the procedure and postprocedure. To study the pain relief effect of artificial pneumothorax in the treatment of subpleural lung tumors with MWA.
  
  
  METHODS
  From February 2012 to October 2014, 37 patients with 40 subpleural lung tumors underwent MWA, including 17 patients of 19 sessions given artificial pneumothorax prior to MWA (group-I), and 20 patients of 21 sessions without artificial pneumothorax (group-II). Patient's pain assessment scores (10-point visual analog scale [VAS]) at during-procedure, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after the MWA procedure and mean 24 h morphine dose were compared between the two groups. Complications of the artificial pneumothorax were also summarized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pain VAS were 0.53, 0.65, 1.00, 0.24, and 0.18 at during-procedure, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h for group-I and 5.53, 2.32, 2.82, 1.21, and 0.21 for group-II, respectively. Pain VAS in group I was significantly decreased at during-procedure, 6, 12, and 24 h after the MWA (P < 0.001). No statistical pain VAS difference was observed at 48 h after the MWA between the two groups (P > 0.05). The mean 24 h morphine dose was 5.00 mg in group-I and 12.63 mg in group-II (P = 0.000). "Artificial pneumothorax" related complications occurred in two patients from group-I, including one pleural effusion and one minor hemoptysis. No patient in group-I and group-II died during the procedure or in 30 days after MWA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Artificial pneumothorax is a safe and effective method for pain relief during MWA of subpleural lung tumors.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010996:Pleural Effusion; D011031:Pneumothorax, Artificial; D011379:Prognosis