title: Molecular detection of bovine coronavirus in a diarrhea outbreak in pasture-feeding Nellore steers in southern Brazil.
abstract: Worldwide diarrhea outbreaks in cattle herds are more frequently detected in calves being that diarrhea outbreaks in adult cattle are not common. Winter dysentery (WD) is a bovine coronavirus (BCoV) enteric infection that is more reported in Northern hemisphere. Seasonal outbreaks of WD in adult cattle occur mainly in dairy cows. WD has not been described in beef cattle herds of tropical countries. This study describes the molecular detection of BCoV in a diarrhea outbreak in beef cattle steers (Nellore) raised on pasture in Parana, southern Brazil. During the outbreak, the farm had about 600 fattening steers. Watery and bloody diarrhea unresponsive to systemic broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy reveals a morbidity rate of approximately 15 %. The BCoV N gene was identified in 42.9 % (6/14) of the diarrheic fecal samples evaluated by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (SN-PCR) technique. Other enteric microorganisms occasionally identified in adult cattle and evaluated in this study such as bovine groups A, B, and C rotavirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine torovirus, aichivirus B, and Eimeria sp. were not identified in the fecal samples. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first description of the BCoV diagnosis in fecal samples collected in a diarrhea outbreak in adult beef cattle grazing in the grass in a tropical country.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Virology and Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Virology and Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorenzetti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Virology and Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alice Fernandes
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Alfieri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Virology and Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid-Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, Parana, Brazil. alfieri@uel.br.
authors.forename: Amauri Alcindo
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alfieri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D017938:Coronavirus, Bovine / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003612:Dairying; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000662:veterinary; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D008460:Meat; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: BCoV; Beef cattle; Diarrhea; Extensive management