title: Genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis of Newcastle disease virus isolated from domestic duck in South Korea.
abstract: Domestic ducks are considered a potential reservoir of Newcastle disease virus. In the study, a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from a domestic duck during surveillance in South Korea was characterized. The complete genome of the NDV isolate was sequenced, and the phylogenetic relationship to reference strains was studied. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain clustered in genotype I of Class II ND viruses, has highly phylogenetic similarity to NDV strains isolated from waterfowl in China, but was distant from the viruses isolated in chickens and vaccine strains used in South Korea. Pathogenicity experiment in chickens revealed it to be a lentogenic virus. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cleavage site of the fusion (F) protein confirmed that the isolate contained the avirulent motif (112)GKQGRL(117) at the cleavage site and caused no apparent disease in chickens and ducks. With phylogeographic analysis based on fusion gene, we estimate the origin of an ancestral virus of the isolate and its sister strain located in China around 1998. It highlights the need of continuous surveillance to enhance current understanding of the molecular epidemiology and evolution of the pathogenic strains.
authors.affiliation: OIE reference laboratory for Newcastle disease, Avian Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi 430-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Satish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaikwad
authors.affiliation: OIE reference laboratory for Newcastle disease, Avian Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi 430-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Ye
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: OIE reference laboratory for Newcastle disease, Avian Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi 430-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: OIE reference laboratory for Newcastle disease, Avian Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi 430-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Suk Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: OIE reference laboratory for Newcastle disease, Avian Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi 430-757, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kchoi0608@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Kang-Seuk
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004372:Ducks; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016679:Genome, Viral; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Avirulent strain; Domestic duck origin; Newcastle disease virus; Phylogeography