title: Efficacy of water-dispersible formulations of biological control strains of Aspergillus flavus for aflatoxin management in corn.
abstract: Field experiments were conducted in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the efficacy of water-dispersible granule (WDG) formulations of biocontrol strains of Aspergillus flavus in controlling aflatoxin contamination of corn. In 2011, when aflatoxin was present at very high levels, there was no WDG treatment that could provide significant protection against aflatoxin contamination. The following year a new WDG formulation was tested that resulted in 100% reduction in aflatoxin in one field experiment and ≥ 49% reduction in all five WDG treatments with biocontrol strain 21882. Large sampling error, however, limited the resolution of various treatment effects. Corn samples were also subjected to microbial analysis to understand better the mechanisms of successful biocontrol. In the samples examined here, the size of the A. flavus population on the grain was associated with the amount of aflatoxin, but the toxigenic status of that population was a poor predictor of aflatoxin concentration.
authors.affiliation: a USDA ARS, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit , National Biological Control Laboratory , Stoneville , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.affiliation: a USDA ARS, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit , National Biological Control Laboratory , Stoneville , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Hamed K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.affiliation: a USDA ARS, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit , National Biological Control Laboratory , Stoneville , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Xixuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: a USDA ARS, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit , National Biological Control Laboratory , Stoneville , MS , USA.
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Elliott
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D014867:Water
keywords: Mycotoxin; biological control; formulation; maize (Zea mays L.); spray application