title: Toxoplasma Gondii Infection of Chicken Embryos Causes Retinal Changes and Modulates HSP90B1 Gene Expression: A Promising Ocular Toxoplasmosis Model.
abstract: HSP90B1 is a gene that codifies heat shock protein 108 (HSP108) that belongs to a group of proteins induced under stress situation, and it has close relation with the nervous system, especially in the retina. Toxoplasma gondii causes ocular toxoplasmosis that has been associated with a late manifestation of the congenital toxoplasmosis although experimental models show that morphological alterations are already present during embryological development. Here, we used 18 eyes of Gallus domesticus embryos in 7th and 20th embryonic days to establish a model of congenital ocular toxoplasmosis, experimentally infected in its fifth day correlating with HSP90B1 gene expression. Embryos' eyes were histologically evaluated, and gene expression was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Our data showed parasite present in the choroid, unusual migration of retinal pigment epithelium, and chorioretinal scars, and a tendency to a lower expression of the HSP90B1 gene upon experimental infection. This is a promising model to better understand T. gondii etiopathogeny.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo , Morphology and Genetics Department, Botucatu St., 740, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alex M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nasaré
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo , Morphology and Genetics Department, Botucatu St., 740, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Tedesco
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo , Ophthalmology Department, Botucatu st., 822, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Cristovam
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Nephrology Discipline , Botucatu St., 740, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cenedese
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo , Protozoology Department, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av., 470, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrés J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Galisteo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo , Protozoology Department, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av., 470, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Heitor F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo , Ophthalmology Department, Botucatu st., 822, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Álvaro P
authors.initials: JÁ
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz , Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Structural biology Laboratory, Brasil Av, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Érik V
authors.initials: ÉV
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz , Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Structural biology Laboratory, Brasil Av, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helene S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo , Morphology and Genetics Department, Botucatu St., 740, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Alonso
keywords: embryo development; experimental models; ocular toxoplasmosis; parasitic ocular infections; regulation of gene expression in development; retina