title: Dimethyl sulfoxide reduction by a hyperhermophilic archaeon Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 via a cysteine-cystine redox shuttle.
abstract: A variety of microbes grow by respiration with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as an electron acceptor, and several distinct DMSO respiratory systems, consisting of electron carriers and a terminal DMSO reductase, have been characterized. The heterotrophic growth of a hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 was enhanced by the addition of DMSO, but the archaeon was not capable of reducing DMSO to DMS directly using a DMSO reductase. Instead, the archaeon reduced DMSO via a cysteine-cystine redox shuttle through a mechanism whereby cystine is microbially reduced to cysteine, which is then reoxidized by DMSO reduction. A thioredoxin reductase-protein disulfide oxidoreductase redox couple was identified to have intracellular cystine-reducing activity, permitting recycle of cysteine. This study presents the first example of DMSO reduction via an electron shuttle. Several Thermococcales species also exhibited enhanced growth coupled with DMSO reduction, probably by disposing of excess reducing power rather than conserving energy.
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 15627, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ae Ran
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 15627, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Sik
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 15627, Republic of Korea.|Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Gyun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 15627, Republic of Korea. leeh522@kiost.ac.kr.|Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea. leeh522@kiost.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D019843:Archaeal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D003553:Cystine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019766:Genes, Archaeal; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D019712:Thermococcus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019843:Archaeal Proteins; D003553:Cystine; D003545:Cysteine; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide
keywords: DMSO; Thermococcus onnurineus NA1; cysteinecystine redox shuttle; extracellular electron mediator; protein disulfide oxidoreductase; thioredoxin reductase