title: Restoration of miR-98 relieves the inhibitory effect of nicotine on the differentiation of P19 cells into cardiomyocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study whether miR-98 participates in the effects of nicotine on myocardial differentiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By western blot, MTT and flow cytometry assays, we found that nicotine suppresses P19 cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes and apoptosis, and promotes proliferation, while restoration of miR-98 relieves the inhibitory effect of nicotine on the P19 cell differentiation. By target prediction analysis and luciferase reporter assay, we observed that miR-98 inhibits the protein expression of Wnt1 by directly acting on the 3'-UTR of Wnt1 mRNA. We assumed that the effect of miR-98 on Wnt1 might alter the activity of the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway and be associated with myocardial differentiation. In summary, nicotine restrains differentiation of P19 cells into cardiomyocytes and decreases the level of miR-98.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Restoration of miR-98 relieves the inhibitory effect of nicotine on differentiation of P19 cells via targeting the 3'-UTR of Wnt1, which offers novel insights into our understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms of congenital heart defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China. pbangtian@163.com.
authors.forename: Bangtian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects; D051155:Wnt1 Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; C557404:MIRN98 microRNA, mouse; D035683:MicroRNAs; D051155:Wnt1 Protein; C495246:Wnt1 protein, mouse; D009538:Nicotine
keywords: Cardiomyocytes; Congenital heart defect; Myocardial differentiation; Nicotine; P19 cells; Wnt1; miR-98