title: Biomimetic and Bioinspired Synthesis of Nanomaterials/Nanostructures.
abstract: In recent years, due to its unparalleled advantages, the biomimetic and bioinspired synthesis of nanomaterials/nanostructures has drawn increasing interest and attention. Generally, biomimetic synthesis can be conducted either by mimicking the functions of natural materials/structures or by mimicking the biological processes that organisms employ to produce substances or materials. Biomimetic synthesis is therefore divided here into "functional biomimetic synthesis" and "process biomimetic synthesis". Process biomimetic synthesis is the focus of this review. First, the above two terms are defined and their relationship is discussed. Next different levels of biological processes that can be used for process biomimetic synthesis are compiled. Then the current progress of process biomimetic synthesis is systematically summarized and reviewed from the following five perspectives: i) elementary biomimetic system via biomass templates, ii) high-level biomimetic system via soft/hard-combined films, iii) intelligent biomimetic systems via liquid membranes, iv) living-organism biomimetic systems, and v) macromolecular bioinspired systems. Moreover, for these five biomimetic systems, the synthesis procedures, basic principles, and relationships are discussed, and the challenges that are encountered and directions for further development are considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guangtao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.|School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qingsheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014780:Viruses / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008670:Metals; D010087:Oxides
keywords: bioinspired synthesis; biomimetic synthesis; nanomaterials; nanostructures; process biomimetic synthesis