title: Air Pollution and Lung Function in Minority Youth with Asthma in the GALA II (Genes-Environments and Admixture in Latino Americans) and SAGE II (Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environments) Studies.
abstract: Adverse effects of exposures to ambient air pollution on lung function are well documented, but evidence in racial/ethnic minority children is lacking.
  
  
  
  To assess the relationship between air pollution and lung function in minority children with asthma and possible modification by global genetic ancestry.
  
  
  
  The study population consisted of 1,449 Latino and 519 African American children with asthma from five different geographical regions in the mainland United States and Puerto Rico. We examined five pollutants (particulate matter ≤10 μm and ≤2.5 μm in diameter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide), derived from participant residential history and ambient air monitoring data, and assessed over several time windows. We fit generalized additive models for associations between pollutant exposures and lung function parameters and tested for interaction terms between exposures and genetic ancestry.
  
  
  
  A 5 μg/m(3) increase in average lifetime particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 μm in diameter exposure was associated with a 7.7% decrease in FEV1 (95% confidence interval = -11.8 to -3.5%) in the overall study population. Global genetic ancestry did not appear to significantly modify these associations, but percent African ancestry was a significant predictor of lung function.
  
  
  
  Early-life particulate exposures were associated with reduced lung function in Latino and African American children with asthma. This is the first study to report an association between exposure to particulates and reduced lung function in minority children in which racial/ethnic status was measured by ancestry-informative markers.
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: Andreas M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Neophytou
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Marquitta J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Sam S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Neeta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.|3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences.
authors.forename: Joshua M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Galanter
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Katherine K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.|4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pino-Yanes
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Dara G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Torgerson
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Gignoux
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Celeste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eng
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Donglei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Angel C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.affiliation: 5 Children's Memorial Hospital and the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: 6 Integrated Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Max A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Seibold
authors.affiliation: 7 Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: 8 Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Harold J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Farber
authors.affiliation: 7 Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: Kelley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.affiliation: 9 Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Pedro C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.affiliation: 10 Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serebrisky
authors.affiliation: 11 Bay Area Pediatrics, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lenoir
authors.affiliation: 12 Department of Allergy and Immunology, Kaiser Permanente-Vallejo Medical Center, Vallejo, California.
authors.forename: Emerita
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brigino-Buenaventura
authors.affiliation: 13 Veterans Caribbean Health Care System, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Cintron
authors.affiliation: 14 Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bibbins-Domingo
authors.affiliation: 15 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Shannon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Thyne
authors.affiliation: 16 Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research and.|17 Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: L Keoki
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: 18 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and.
authors.forename: Saunak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: 19 Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: Frank D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Gilliland
authors.affiliation: 19 Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
authors.forename: W James
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gauderman
authors.affiliation: 20 Centro de Neumología Pediatrica, San Juan, Puerto Rico; and.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Santana
authors.affiliation: 21 Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, California.
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lurmann
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.|22 Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Balmes
authors.affiliation: 1 Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
authors.forename: Ellen A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Eisen
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Medicine.|3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences.
authors.forename: Esteban G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Burchard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants
keywords: air pollution; ancestry; children; lung function; minority