title: Package architecture and component design for an implanted neural stimulator with closed loop control.
abstract: An implanted neural stimulator with closed loop control requires electrodes for stimulation pulses and recording neuron activity. Our system features arrays of 64 electrodes. Each electrode can be addressed through a cross bar switch, to enable it to be used for stimulation or recording. This electrode switch, a bank of low noise amplifiers with an integrated analog to digital converter, power conditioning electronics, and a communications and control gate array are co-located with the electrode array in a 14 millimeter diameter satellite package that is designed to be flush mounted in a skull burr hole. Our system features five satellite packages connected to a central hub processor-controller via ten conductor cables that terminate in a custom designed, miniaturized connector. The connector incorporates features of high reliability, military grade devices and utilizes three distinct seals to isolate the contacts from fluid permeation. The hub system is comprised of a connector header, hermetic electronics package, and rechargeable battery pack, which are mounted on and electrically interconnected by a flexible circuit board. The assembly is over molded with a compliant silicone rubber. The electronics package contains two antennas, a large coil, used for recharging the battery and a high bandwidth antenna that is used to download data and update software. The package is assembled from two machined alumina pieces, a flat base with brazed in, electrical feed through pins and a rectangular cover with rounded corners. Titanium seal rings are brazed onto these two pieces so that they can be sealed by laser welding. A third system antenna is incorporated in the flexible circuit board. It is used to communicate with an externally worn control package, which monitors the health of the system and allows both the user and clinician to control or modify various system function parameters.
authors.forename: Caroline K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Bjune
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Marinis
authors.forename: Jeanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: Tirunelveli S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Sriram
authors.forename: Philip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.forename: Alik S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Widge
authors.forename: Darin D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: Emad N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Eskandar
mesh_terms: D000669:Amplifiers, Electronic; D000703:Analog-Digital Conversion; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004566:Electrodes; D004581:Electronics / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D058542:Implantable Neurostimulators; D015203:Reproducibility of Results