title: The Role of Light in the Emergence of Weeds: Using Camelina microcarpa as an Example.
abstract: When modelling the emergence of weeds, two main factors are considered that condition this process: temperature and soil moisture. Optimum temperature is necessary for metabolic processes that generate energy for growth, while turgor pressure is necessary for root and shoot elongation which eventually leads to seedling emergence from the soil. Most emergence models do not usually consider light as a residual factor, but it could have an important role as it can alter directly or indirectly the dormancy and germination of seeds. In this paper, inclusion of light as an additional factor to photoperiod and radiation in emergence models is explored and compared with the classical hydrothermal time (HTT) model using Camelina microcarpa as an example. HTT based on hourly estimates is also compared with that based on daily estimates. Results suggest that, although HTT based models are accurate enough for local applications, the precision of these models is improved when HTT is estimated hourly and solar radiation is included as a factor.
authors.affiliation: Dpt. D'Hortofruticultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Aritz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Royo-Esnal
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS-North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, 803 Iowa Avenue, Morris, Minnestoa, 56267, United States of America.
authors.forename: Russell W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gesch
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS-North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, 803 Iowa Avenue, Morris, Minnestoa, 56267, United States of America.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forcella
authors.affiliation: Dpt. D'Hortofruticultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torra
authors.affiliation: Dpt. D'Hortofruticultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio, Universitat de Lleida. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Recasens
authors.affiliation: Dpt. Plant Physiology, University of Latvia. Kronvalda bulv. 4, 1586, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Jevgenija
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Necajeva
mesh_terms: D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000254:growth & development*; D018525:Germination / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011891:Rain; D013472:Sunlight; D013696:Temperature; D014887:Weather