title: A review on carrier systems for bone morphogenetic protein-2.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has unique bone regeneration property. The powerful osteoinductive nature makes it considered as second line of therapy in nonunion bone defect. A large number of carriers and delivery systems made up of different materials have been investigated for controlled and sustained release of BMP-2. The delivery systems are in the form of hydrogel, microsphere, nanoparticles, and fibers. The carriers used for the delivery are made up of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Implantation of these protein-loaded carrier leads to cell adhesion, degradation which eventually releases the drug/protein at site specific. But, problems like ectopic growth, lesser protein delivery, inactivation of the protein are reported in the available carrier systems. Therefore, it is need of an hour to modify the available carrier systems as well as explore other biomaterials with desired properties. In this review, all the reported carrier systems made of metals, ceramics, polymers, composites are evaluated in terms of their processing conditions, loading capacity and release pattern of BMP-2. Along with these biomaterials, the attempts of protein modification by adding some functional group to BMP-2 or extracting functional peptides from the protein to achieve the desired effect, is also evaluated. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 904-925, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad-, 380054, India.
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad-, 380054, India.
authors.forename: Mukty
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008863:Microspheres; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D020100:Hydrogels
keywords: Bone morphogenetic protein-2; bone regeneration; polymeric carrier; protein delivery; rh-BMP-2