title: CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Cell Culture.
abstract: In chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) an important feature is the infiltration of eosinophils, triggered by T-helper type 2 cells (TH2). Binding of the CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) ligand to toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) induces a shift from a TH2- to a TH1-type response. We evaluated the hypothesis that CpG-ODN could reduce the predominantly TH2-driven response in our cultures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty samples from CRS patients with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP) were cultivated. The expression of interleukin 5 (IL-5), eotaxin 3 and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) were evaluated with and without CpG-ODN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of CpG did not influence the expression of IL-5 and eotaxin-3 DNA. Elevated MMP-9 expression in cultures from CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients could be established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CpG does not reduce the attraction of eosinophils since no reduced IL-5 expression was measured in our cultures. Yet, MMP-9 - an important factor in tissue remodelling - was elevated in cultures from CRS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany richard.birk@medma.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Birk
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aderhold
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hörmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Benedikt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Till
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eschenhagen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: J Ulrich
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Sommer
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D000075906:Chemokine CCL26; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000235:genetics; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000235:genetics; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000235:genetics*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000235:genetics*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000235:genetics*; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C120429:CCL26 protein, human; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D000075906:Chemokine CCL26; D019742:Chemokines, CC; C508599:IL5 protein, human; D015848:Interleukin-5; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; CpG-ODN; IL-5; MMP-9; eotaxin 3