title: Short article: Hepatitis B virus status in children born to HIV/HBV coinfected women in a French hospital: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed hepatitis B virus (HBV) status in children born to HIV/HBV coinfected women with large access to antiretroviral therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  All HIV/HBV coinfected pregnant women from 01 January 2000 to 01 January 2012 were included in the retrospective study (NCT02044068). Antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and injection of HBV immunoglobulin/vaccine to newborns was recorded. We assessed HBV status of children aged at least 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one women (35 children) were studied. Twenty-six children (74%) had HBsAb: 22 had received immunoglobulin and 24 had received a complete vaccine (with immunoglobulin in 21 cases); their mothers had been administered lamivudine or tenofovir/emtricitabine during eight and nine pregnancies, respectively. Eight children (23%) were negative for HBsAg, HBsAb, and HBcAb: four (11.5%) had received immunoglobulin and a complete vaccine; in two children, it was not known whether they had received an immunoglobulin injection; in one child, the vaccine was incomplete; and in the last one, it was not known whether he had received immunoglobulin/vaccine. Their mothers had been administered lamivudine or tenofovir/emtricitabine during five and two pregnancies, respectively. No infant has chronic HBV infection (HBsAg) after prenatal mothers' antiretroviral therapy combined with a complete postnatal HBV protection. One child had HBcAb and HBsAb: it was not known whether she had received an immunoglobulin injection; the vaccine was incomplete. The mother had been administered lamivudine during the last trimester of pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antiretroviral therapy in HBV/HIV coinfected women following current national HBV guidelines may prevent mother-to-child-transmission of HBV. Negativity of surrogate markers of vaccine-induced protection is frequent; large studies on long-term protection are needed.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Internal Medicine A bDepartment of Virology cDepartment of Microbiology dDepartment of Obstetrics ePharmacy, AP-HP, Saint-Louis-Lariboisière Hospital fInfectious Diseases Department, AP-HP, Bichat - Claude Bernard Hospital, HUPNVS; Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pierre O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Sellier
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schnepf
authors.forename: Rishma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amarsy
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maylin
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mazeron
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flateau
authors.forename: Marjolaine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morgand
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ciraru-Vigneron
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berthe
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simoneau
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Safia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Souak
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matheron
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Benifla
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bergmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C045213:hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin