title: Nucleolin promotes in vitro translation of feline calicivirus genomic RNA.
abstract: Feline calicivirus depends on host-cell proteins for its replication. We previously showed that knockdown of nucleolin (NCL), a phosphoprotein involved in ribosome biogenesis, resulted in the reduction of FCV protein synthesis and virus yield. Here, we found that NCL may not be involved in FCV binding and entry into cells, but it binds to both ends of the FCV genomic RNA, and stimulates its translation in vitro. AGRO100, an aptamer that specifically binds and inactivates NCL, caused a strong reduction in FCV protein synthesis. This effect could be reversed by the addition of full-length NCL but not by a ΔrNCL, lacking the N-terminal domain. Consistent with this, FCV infection of CrFK cells stably expressing ΔrNCL led to a reduction in virus protein translation. These results suggest that NCL is part of the FCV RNA translational complex, and that the N-terminal part of the protein is required for efficient FCV replication.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Beatriz Alvarado
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Jaime
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Stanislav V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sosnovtsev
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Kim Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico. Electronic address: alonso@cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: Ana Lorena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Escolano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D017927:Calicivirus, Feline / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D002415:Cats; D002460:Cell Line; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication; D000097796:Nucleolin
chemical_list: D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D000097796:Nucleolin
keywords: AGRO100; Aptamer; FCV; Nucleolin; RNA virus; Translation; UTRs