title: Comparative evaluation of non-contrast CAIPIRINHA-VIBE 3T-MRI and multidetector CT for detection of pulmonary nodules: In vivo evaluation of diagnostic accuracy and image quality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, subjective image quality, and interobserver agreement of non-contrast Controlled Aliasing In Parallel Imaging Results In Higher Acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of pulmonary nodules with intra-individual comparison to computed tomography (CT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 54 patients (27 male, 27 female; mean age, 60.8 ± 11.5 years) who prospectively underwent thoracic 3T-MRI using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE sequences and chest CT. Diagnostic accuracy for the detection of lung nodules on CAIPIRINHA-VIBE MRI by three independent observers were compared to the reference standard CT. Subjective image quality was rated using a 5-point grading scale. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated and interobserver agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity of 3T-MRI for the detection of pulmonary lesions compared to CT was 88.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-0.93) and specifity was 79.1% (95% CI: 0.50-0.95). Sensitivity for lesions <5mm was 77.2% (95% CI: 0.59-0.90) and for lesions from 5 to 10mm was 87.2% (95% CI: 0.76-0.94). Sensitivity for lesions >10mm was 100%. Observer ratings regarding subjective image quality were good to excellent for 3T-MRI (1.54) and CT (1.14) with almost perfect interobserver agreement for 3T-MRI and CT (ICC=0.83, 95% CI: 0.78-0.89; ICC=0.89, 95% CI: 0.85-0.94).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-contrast CAIPIRINHA-VIBE 3T-MRI allows for the reliable detection of pulmonary lesions with a diameter >5mm in comparison with chest CT with high diagnostic accuracy, subjective image quality, and interobserver agreement.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dewes
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frellesen
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Firas
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Butmeh
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Moritz H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan-Erik
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Scholtz
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Sarah C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Vogl
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Frankfurt, Germany. Electronic address: docwichmann@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Julian L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wichmann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D062485:Breath Holding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D055613:Multiple Pulmonary Nodules / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Computed tomography; Lung; Magnetic resonance imaging; Solitary pulmonary nodule