title: Comparison of intraperitoneal and intratesticular ozone therapy for the treatment of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: We compare the efficacy of intratesticular ozone therapy with intraperitoneal ozone therapy in an experimental rat model. For this purpose, 24 rats were divided into four groups including sham-operated, torsion/detorsion, torsion/detorsion plus intraperitoneal ozone (O-IP), and torsion/detorsion plus intratesticular ozone (O-IT). The O-IP ozone group received a 4 mg kg-1 intraperitoneal injection of ozone, and the O-IT group received the same injection epididymally. At 4 h after detorsion, the rats were sacrificed and orchiectomy materials were assessed histopathologically. Spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules and damage to the Sertoli cells were histopathologically evaluated in the testes using the Johnsen scoring system. i-NOS and e-NOS activities in the testis tissue were also evaluated. Torsion-detorsion caused a decreased Johnsen score and increased apoptosis of spermatogonial and Sertoli cells. Ozone injection prevented increases in Johnsen score and i-NOS level. e-NOS level of the O-IP group was significantly lower than that of the O-IP group, and i-NOS level of the O-IT group was significantly lower than that of the O-IP group. Local ozone therapy is more effective than systemic ozone therapy at improving IRI-related testicular torsion. Our study is the first to show that the efficacy of intratesticular implementation of ozone therapy is higher than that of intraperitoneal ozone therapy.
authors.affiliation: Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Pediatric Clinic, 34150 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mete
authors.affiliation: Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Urology Clinic, 35170 Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tarhan
authors.affiliation: Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Urology Clinic, 35170 Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Orcun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Urology Clinic, 35170 Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akarken
authors.affiliation: Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 45180 Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vural
authors.affiliation: Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Urology Clinic, 35170 Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Rahmi Gokhan
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ekin
authors.affiliation: Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 45180 Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Isil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aydemir
authors.affiliation: Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Urology Clinic, 35170 Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yusuf Ozlem
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Ilbey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004822:Epididymis; D007267:Injections; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013093:Spermatogonia / Q000187:drug effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D010126:Ozone; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat