title: [Investigation on contamination situation of malachite green in freshwater fish and its dietary exposure assessment of Shaanxi Province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the residue levels of malachite green (MG) in freshwater fish and assess the dietary MG exposure of Shaanxi residents. The second aim was to assess the health risk of intaking MG from freshwater fish for Shaanxi residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The samples were determined by UPLC-MS/MS after purified by neutral alumina SPE cartridges and separated by waters-BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 2.5 μm). The MOE method was used to assess the risk of intaking MG from freshwater fish for Shaanxi residents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average detection rate of MG in freshwater fish in Shaanxi province was 7.32% and the highest residue level was 428 μg/kg. The detection rate was quite different in different fish species. The catfish devoted the highest detection rate which was 28.57%. In ten cities of Shaanxi, the highest detection rate was obtained from Yulin which was 33.33%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The health risk of intaking MG from freshwater fish is quite low for Shaanxi residents, however the contamination of illegal use of MG in freshwater fish was severe in Shaanxi Province. Supervision and inspection of MG should be strengthened in fish farming.
authors.forename: Minjuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Guoxia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jiawei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Haiou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D005399:Fishes; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C005095:malachite green