title: Association of the consumption of common food groups and beverages with mortality from cancer, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus in Serbia, 1991-2010: an ecological study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper reports association between mortality rates from cancer, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus and the consumption of common food groups and beverages in Serbia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this ecological study, data on both mortality and the average annual consumption of common food groups and beverages per household's member were obtained from official data-collection sources. The multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the strength of the associations between consumption of common food groups and beverages and mortality rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Markedly increasing trends of cancer, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus mortality rates were observed in Serbia in the period 1991-2010. Mortality rates from cancer were negatively associated with consumption of vegetable oil (p=0.005) and grains (p=0.001), and same was found for ischaemic heart disease (p=0.002 and 0.021, respectively), while consumption of other dairy products showed a significant positive association (p<0.001 and p=0.032, respectively). In men and women, mortality rates from diabetes mellitus showed a significant positive association with consumption of poultry (p=0.014 and 0.004, respectively). Consumption of beef and grains showed a significant negative association with cancer mortality rates in both genders (p=0.002 and p<0.001 in men, and p<0.001 and p=0.014 in women, respectively), while consumption of cheese was negatively associated only in men (p<0.001). Mortality from diabetes mellitus showed a significant positive association with consumption of animal fat and other dairy products only in women (p=0.003 and 0.046, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Association between unfavourable mortality trends from cancer, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus, and common food groups and beverages consumption was observed and should be assessed in future analytical epidemiological studies. Promotion of healthy diet is sorely needed in Serbia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilic
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ilic
authors.affiliation: Medical College for Professional Studies, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stojanovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zivanovic-Macuzic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000401:mortality*; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005502:Food / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000401:mortality*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution
keywords: Cancer;; Diabetes mellitus;; Ecological study.; Food groups and beverages consumption;; Ischemic heart disease;; Mortality trend;