title: Validation and reliability of Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills for surgical residents and consultants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To institute and validate the Global Assessment of Laparoscopic Surgery score as a measure of intraoperative performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The observational study was conducted at the Services Hospital, Lahore, and the National Hospital and Medical Centre, Lahore, from August 1, 2013, to February 28, 2014, and comprised Residents, Senior Registrars and Consultants who were divided into 3 groups. The Junior group comprised Residents from years 1, 2 and3; the Intermediate group had year 4 Residents and Senior Registrars; and the Senior group included Consultants. All participants had their evaluation using Global Assessment of Laparoscopic Surgeryscore while performing dissection of gall bladder from the liver bed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 24 subjects in the study, 12(50%) were Residents, 6(25%) Senior Registrars and 6(25%) Consultants. The mean score for Junior group was 7.64±0.988, for Intermediate group 16.25±2.602 and for Senior group 22.83±1.169The score was highly reliable with intra-class coefficient 0.96, and internal consistency was excellent with Cronbach's Alpha 0.981.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Global Assessment of Laparoscopic Surgery was found to be a valid and reliable measure of intraoperative laparoscopic skills.
authors.affiliation: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore.
authors.forename: Awais Amjad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore.
authors.forename: Awais
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naeem
authors.affiliation: National Hospital & Medical Centre, Lahore.
authors.forename: Asad Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Toor
authors.affiliation: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore.
authors.forename: Samiullah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.affiliation: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore.
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mansoor
authors.affiliation: National Hospital & Medical Centre, Lahore.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazhar
authors.affiliation: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore.
authors.forename: Waris
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Farooka
authors.affiliation: Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Services Hospital, Lahore.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ayyaz
mesh_terms: D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000592:standards*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003253:Consultants; D004210:Dissection / Q000592:standards; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Simulators, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Training, Box trainers, GOALS, Residents.