title: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia intestinalis in Dairy Cattle, Northwest China.
abstract: Giardia intestinalis is a cosmopolitan protozoan parasite that can infect a range of animals, including dairy cattle. As information regarding the prevalence and genotyping of G. intestinalis infection in dairy cattle in northwestern China is limited, 2,945 feces samples from 1,224 dairy cattle in Gansu Province and from 1,614 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NXHAR) were examined between December 2012 and March 2014. The overall prevalence of G. intestinalis was 3.63% (107/2,945), with 2.63% and 4.38% in Gansu and NXHAR, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed region, age and season to be significant risk factors for G. intestinalis infection. Assemblage analysis identified 106 assemblage E and one assemblage A at the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) locus in this study. Intravariations were also detected at tpi, glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and beta giardin (bg) loci within assemblage E, showing seven, three, and five new subtypes, respectively. Moreover, 13 new multilocus genotypes (E20-E32) were observed in assemblage E. Effective strategies and measures should be taken to prevent and control giardiasis in Gansu and NXHAR.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xuan
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230000, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Dong
authors.initials: QD
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Hui
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Gang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730030, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ting
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Hui
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130118, China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230000, China.
authors.forename: Xing-Quan
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D003612:Dairying; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase
keywords: Epidemiology