title: Two-dimensional hetero-spectral mid-infrared and near-infrared correlation spectroscopy for discrimination adulterated milk.
abstract: A new approach for discriminant analysis of adulterated milk is proposed based on two-dimensional (2D) hetero-spectral near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (IR) correlation spectroscopy along with multi-way partial least squares discriminant analysis (NPLS-DA). NIR transmittance spectra and IR attenuated total reflection spectra of pure milk and adulterated milk with level of melamine varying from 0.03 to 3 g·L(-1) were collected at room temperature. The synchronous 2D hetero-spectral IR/NIR correlation spectra of all samples were calculated to build a discriminant model to classify adulterated milk and pure milk. Also, the NPLS-DA models were built based on synchronous 2D homo-spectral NIR/NIR and IR/IR correlation spectra, respectively. Comparison results showed that the NPLS-DA model could provide better results using 2D hetero-spectral IR/NIR correlation spectra than using 2D homo-spectral NIR/NIR and 2D IR/IR correlation spectra.
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China. Electronic address: rjyang1978@163.com.
authors.forename: Renjie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: rongliu@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
authors.forename: Guimei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Kexin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
authors.forename: Yanrong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China.
authors.forename: Weiyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D014227:Triazines / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014227:Triazines; C011907:melamine
keywords: Adulterated milk; Melamine; Multi-way partial least squares discriminant analysis (NPLS-DA); Two-dimensional hetero-spectral IR/NIR correlation spectroscopy