title: Subglottic stenosis in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis): Report of 4 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subglottic stenosis (SGS) in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) may result from active disease or from chronic recurrent inflammation. The objective of the study was to describe the clinical features and treatment of patients with subglottic stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients with SGS due to GPA diagnosed at Rheumatology deparment between January 2000 and June 2015.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present 4 cases of SGS at our department during a period of 15 years. The interval between the presentation of the GPA and SGS varied between 2 and 144 months. The leading symptoms of SGS were dyspnoea on exertion and stridor. Three patients presented SGS without evidence of systemic activity. Two patients presented SGS grade i and received tracheal dilatation; two recurred and three needed a tracheostomy due to severe airway-limiting stenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SGS presents high morbidity. Even though subglottic dilatation provides symptomatic relief, recurrences may present. Severe airway-limiting stenosis often requires tracheostomy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Regional 220, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca, Estado de México, México. Electronic address: gabho@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Horta-Baas
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Reumatología, Centro Médico ISSEMYM, Toluca, Estado de México, México.
authors.forename: María Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hernández-Cabrera
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Reumatología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Catana
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Reumatología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-Cristóbal
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Reumatología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México.
authors.forename: Leonor Adriana
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Barile-Fabris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004106:Dilatation; D005260:Female; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014139:Tracheostomy
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents
keywords: Estenosis subglótica; Granulomatosis con poliangitis; Granulomatosis de Wegener; Granulomatosis with polyangiitis; Subglottic stenosis; Wegener's granulomatosis