title: Magnetic microparticles as a new tool for lake restoration: A microcosm experiment for evaluating the impact on phosphorus fluxes and sedimentary phosphorus pools.
abstract: In the last decades, magnetic particles (MPs) as adsorbents have gained special attention due to their high adsorption capacity and the possibility of recovering them by applying a magnetic separation gradient. For the first time MPs have been tested as P adsorbents in a microcosm experiment in a context of lake restoration. MPs were added to sediment cores from a hypertrophic lake, at Fe:PMobile molar ratio of 285:1 and 560:1 under both, oxic and anoxic conditions. We have found that, under anoxic conditions (anoxic), MPs are able to reduce P release rate from the sediment to the overlying water and to reduce sedimentary PMobile concentration (a 22-25% reduction within 0-4 cm depth compared to controls). Under oxic conditions, the addition of MPs do not affect P fluxes across the sediment and water interface since the lake sediment is naturally rich in iron oxides. However a measured reduction in sedimentary PMobile concentration (12-16% reduction in 0-10 cm depth) contributes to a potential reduction in long-term P efflux.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain; Instituto Del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Funes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Vicente
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain; Instituto Del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cruz-Pizarro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain; Instituto Del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Álvarez-Manzaneda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain; Instituto Del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Spain. Electronic address: ivicente@ugr.es.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Vicente
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008280:Magnetics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013030:Spain; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; D007501:Iron; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Eutrophication; Lake restoration; Magnetic particles; Phosphorus adsorption; Wetlands