title: Long-term follow-up results of growth hormone therapy for patients with adult growth hormone deficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the long-term effects of growth hormone (GH) on markers of quality of life, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism to validate the adequacy of long-term GH replacement therapy for adult GH deficiency (AGHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-three of 100 sequentially followed patients who received GH therapy were selected for this study. Forty-nine were men aged 26 to 78 years (mean, 52 years) and 34 were women aged 20 to 78 years (mean, 56 years). The GH-releasing peptide-2 stimulation test and arginine stimulation test were used to diagnose AGHD. The adult hypopituitarism questionnaire (AHQ) and biochemical parameters such as cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and gyrated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined before treatment, at 6 months of treatment, and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 years of treatment. Considering age and sex as factors potentially influencing the effect of GH therapy, the patients were divided into age groups of <60 and ≥60 years and sex groups of men and women. Repeated measured analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ANOVA demonstrated significant changes in mean AHQ scores during follow-up. Comparison of individual AHQ scores with baseline values revealed sequential improvements, stabilization, and decline in QOL. A significant elevation in HbA1c level was demonstrated. LDL-C and HDL-C levels changed significantly upon GH treatment regardless of sex or age. Levels of glucose, TC or TG did not change significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of GH therapy on QOL showed sequential improvements and stabilization until 6-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Pituitary Disease, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone