title: Adiponectin, markers of subclinical inflammation and nerve conduction in individuals with recently diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Subclinical inflammation has been implicated in the development of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN), but studies using electrophysiological assessment as outcomes are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate associations of biomarkers reflecting different aspects of subclinical inflammation with motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in individuals with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Motor and sensory NCV was assessed in individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 (n=352) or type 1 diabetes (n=161) from the baseline cohort of the observational German Diabetes Study. NCV sum scores were calculated for median, ulnar and peroneal motor as well as median, ulnar and sural sensory nerves. Associations between inflammation-related biomarkers, DSPN and NCV sum scores were estimated using multiple regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In type 2 diabetes, high serum interleukin (IL)-6 was associated with the presence of DSPN and reduced motor NCV. Moreover, higher levels of high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, total adiponectin and their ratio were associated with prevalent DSPN and both diminished motor and sensory NCV, whereas no consistent associations were observed for C-reactive protein, IL18, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin. In type 1 diabetes, only HMW and total adiponectin showed positive associations with motor NCV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results point to a link between IL6 and both DSPN and slowed motor NCV in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The reverse associations between adiponectin and NCV in type 1 and type 2 diabetes are intriguing, and further studies should explore whether they may reflect differences in the pathogenesis of DSPN in both diabetes types.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Imke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schamarek
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany christian.herder@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herder
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nowotny
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carstensen-Kirberg
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Straßburger
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nowotny
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strom
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Püttgen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Müssig
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szendroedi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roden
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and EpidemiologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ziegler
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013497:Sural Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators