title: Vitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related Mood Disorders in Adolescents with Severe Hypovitaminosis D.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) might become severe enough to interfere with normal interpersonal relationships. This study was planned to assess whether administration of vitamin D (200,000 IU at first, followed by 25,000 IU every 2 weeks) for a 4-month period might lessen the appearance and the intensity of mood disorders associated with PMS in young girls with severe hypovitaminosis D. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: One hundred fifty-eight young girls (15-21 years old) with PMS-related severe symptoms of the emotional and cognitive domains and low serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D) levels (≤10 ng/mL) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and treated for 4 months with vitamin D (group 1; n = 80) or placebo (group 2; n = 78). Clinical and hormonal effects were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients from group 1, levels of vitamin D reached the normal range (35-60 ng/mL) after the first month and remained stable throughout the whole study. At the end of treatment, anxiety score decreased from 51 to 20 (P < .001 vs baseline); irritability score declined from 130 to 70 (P < .001 vs baseline). Crying easily and sadness decreased by a score of 41 and 51 to a score of 30 and 31, respectively (P < .001). For disturbed relationships, the score decreased from 150 to 70 (P < .001). Conversely, no appreciable changes were noted in symptom intensity from patients of group 2. The frequency of adverse events (nausea and constipation) was not different between participants of group 1 and group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of the present findings, vitamin D therapy can be proposed as a safe, effective, and convenient method for improving the quality of life in young women with severe hypovitaminosis D and concomitant mood disorders associated with PMS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tartagni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Vittoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cicinelli
authors.affiliation: Centro di Fecondazione Medicalmente Assistita MoMò Fertilife, Bisceglie, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario Valerio
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Tartagni
authors.affiliation: Centro di Fecondazione Medicalmente Assistita MoMò Fertilife, Bisceglie, Italy.
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alrasheed
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matteo
authors.affiliation: Centro di Fecondazione Medicalmente Assistita MoMò Fertilife, Bisceglie, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baldini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Salvia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Loverro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy. Electronic address: monica.montagnani@uniba.it.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montagnani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D065446:Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Adolescents; Mood disorders; Premenstrual syndrome (PMS); Vitamin D