title: Immediate biofeedback for energy balance via expired breath δ(13)CO2.
abstract: Expired breath δ(13)CO2 measured in real time serves as a useful biomarker of altered macronutrient metabolism in response to changes in energy balance. Altered breath δ(13)CO2 is believed to be a result of changes in macronutrient oxidation and the kinetic isotope effect where enzymatic processes discriminate against metabolites naturally enriched with (13)C. Use of breath δ(13)CO2 as a rapid biofeedback of energy balance status will enhance an individual's ability to modify behavior during weight loss efforts. Herein we describe a novel approach for immediate biofeedback for energy deficit using a moderate exercise challenge. Our new mid-infrared isotope ratio-meter for δ(13)CO2 is a step toward miniaturization of a personal device for instant biofeedback for people attempting to lose weight.
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Butz
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weidmann
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brownsword
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Dale A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schoeller
authors.forename: Leah D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Whigham
mesh_terms: D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D001944:Breath Tests; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004734:Energy Metabolism
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide