title: Hip fracture incidence in Japan: Estimates of new patients in 2012 and 25-year trends.
abstract: We estimated the number of hip fracture patients in 2012 in Japan and investigated the trends in incidence during a 25-year period from 1987 to 2012. Despite the increasing number of patients, the incidence of hip fracture in both men and women aged 70-79 years showed the possibility of decline.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were to estimate the number of hip fracture patients in 2012, to investigate the trends in incidence during a 25-year period from 1987 to 2012, and to determine the regional differences in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected through a nationwide survey based on hospitals by a mail-in survey. Hip fracture incidences by sex and age and standardized incidence ratios by region were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated numbers of new hip fracture patients in 2012 were 175,700 in total (95 % CI 170,300-181,100), 37,600 (36,600-38,600) for men and 138,100 (134,300-141,900) for women. The incidence rates in both men and women aged 70-79 years were the lowest in the 20-year period from 1992 to 2012. The incidence was higher in western areas of Japan than that in eastern areas in both men and women; however, the difference in the incidence of hip fracture between western and eastern areas is becoming smaller.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the increasing number of new patients, the incidence of hip fracture in both men and women aged 70-79 years showed the possibility of decline. The exact reasons for this are unknown, but various drugs for improving bone mineral density or preventing hip fracture might have influenced the results. A decrease in the differences in nutrient intake levels might explain some of the change in regional differences in Japan.
authors.affiliation: Kenkoin Clinic, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Orimo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuta, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan. yumiyae@iwate-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yaegashi
authors.affiliation: Kenkoin Clinic, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hosoi
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuta, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Onoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuta, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006306:Health Surveys; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017678:Sex Distribution
keywords: Aging; Drug therapy; Hip fracture; Incidence; Osteoporosis; Time trends