title: Hermeneutic application research - finding a common understanding and consensus on care and caring.
abstract: To clinically and contextually implement the theoretical and factual knowledge of care and caring that has been developed in the last 30 years is seen as a great challenge in caring science research. Emphasis has been put on problem-solving research methodologies and action research in hopes of narrowing the divide between caring theory and clinical practice. Thus, the intention is now to further action research towards a hermeneutic approach and to put emphasis on hermeneutic application where theory and praxis become one through human dialogue. This article highlights hermeneutic application research as an alternative methodology within participatory-oriented research which presents a new opportunity to unite clinical practice and caring theory. The aim is to contribute to the development of the hermeneutical application research design in its epistemological, ontological and ethical perspective, by articulating and clarifying the central foundations in the application. On the basis of Gadamer's hermeneutical thinking and Levinas ethical thinking, the central foundations in the application research are ethics, creation of a hermeneutical room, dialogue and common understanding and appropriation and action. When theoretical understanding turns into praxis, knowledge also becomes activity and theory and practice become one. Application thus realises the basic idea that praxis and theory are one, and thus, theory of caring can only become evident and implemented in a clinical practice through moments when the participants find a common understanding and consensus on the knowledge of care and caring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Caring Science, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koskinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Caring Science, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland.
authors.forename: Lisbet
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nyström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D066297:Hermeneutics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000523:psychology*; D010687:Philosophy, Nursing
keywords: Gadamer; Levinas; application research; caring science; hermeneutics; participatory-oriented research