title: Scapular Resting Position and Gleno-Humeral Movement Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Racquet Players: A Case-Control Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Racquet sports, especially lawn tennis and badminton have been gaining popularity in Asian countries like India. With this increase in popularity, the injury rate in the sport has also increased.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study will help detect the presence of gleno-humeral movement dysfunction and scapular resting position abnormality in asymptomatic racquet players, thus providing basis for screening the players and allow the clinician to determine if the asymmetry is a normal adaptation in the player or an abnormal change associated with injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  46 asymptomatic professional players were divided into a study group of 23 players (16 tennis and 7 badminton) and control group of 23 football players. Assessment of passive gleno-humeral range of motion and distance of spine and inferior angle of scapula from corresponding spinous process were measured bilaterally and between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was statistically significant reduction in range of internal rotation (62.17 ± 8.09), extension (39.78 ± 4.12) and an increase in the external rotation (106.95 ± 7.49) of dominant compared to non-dominant arm of racquet players and a statistically significant decrease in internal rotation (78.69 ± 10.24), extension (44.78 ± 3.19), adduction (37.39 ± 6.54) and an increase in external rotation (102.6 ± 5.19) of dominant arm of racquet players compared to football players. Study also showed statistically significant increase in the spino-scapular distance at the level of inferior angle of scapula (10.23 ± 1.43) on dominant side compared to non-dominant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dominant side scapula of asymptomatic racquet players showed increased external rotation and elevation as compared to the non-dominant side. Also, reduced shoulder internal rotation, extension and adduction and gain in shoulder external rotation was observed on the dominant side of racquet players when compared to the control group.
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Apurv P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Shimpi
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Shah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhakti
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Karnik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roshni
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute College of Physiotherapy, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Savita A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rairikar
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shyam
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Parag K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sancheti
keywords: Injury Rate; Movement; Racquet Sports