title: Proteomic patterns associated with heterosis.
abstract: Heterosis is characterized by higher seed yields, plant biomass or other traits in heterozygotes or hybrids compared with their genetically divergent parents, which are often homozygous. Despite extensive investigation of heterosis and its wide application in crops such as maize, rice, wheat and sorghum, its molecular basis is still enigmatic. In the past century, some pioneers have proposed multigene models referring to the complementation of allelic and gene expression variation, which is likely to be an important contributor to heterosis. In addition, there are potential interactions of epigenetic variation involved in heterosis via novel mechanisms. At the level of gene expression, many recent studies have revealed that the heterosis phenomenon can be deciphered not only at the transcriptional level but also at the proteomic level. This review presents an update on the information supporting the involvement of proteomic patterns in heterosis and a possible future direction of the field. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Proteomics--a bridge between fundamental processes and crop production, edited by Dr. Hans-Peter Mock.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Jiewen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: qxsun@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qixin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: nizf@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhongfu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006823:Hybrid Vigor / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Heterosis; Histone modification; Isozyme; Proteomic; Single-molecule