title: Terbium-Doped VO2 Thin Films: Reduced Phase Transition Temperature and Largely Enhanced Luminous Transmittance.
abstract: Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a well-known thermochromic material with large IR modulating ability, promising for energy-saving smart windows. The main drawbacks of VO2 are its high phase transition temperature (τ(c) = 68°C), low luminous transmission (T(lum)), and weak solar modulating ability (ΔT(sol)). In this paper, the terbium cation (Tb(3+)) doping was first reported to reduce τ(c) and increase T(lum) of VO2 thin films. Compared with pristine VO2, 2 at. % doping level gives both enhanced T(lum) and ΔT(sol) from 45.8% to 54.0% and 7.7% to 8.3%, respectively. The T(lum) increases with continuous Tb(3+) doping and reaches 79.4% at 6 at. % doping level, representing ∼73.4% relative increment compared with pure VO2. This has surpassed the best reported doped VO2 thin films. The enhanced thermochromic properties is meaningful for smart window applications of VO2 materials.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich, Germany.
authors.forename: Martial
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duchamp
authors.affiliation: Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C) and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich, Germany.
authors.forename: Rafal E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Dunin-Borkowski
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 71 Nanyang Drive, 638075 Singapore.
authors.forename: Shiyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 71 Nanyang Drive, 638075 Singapore.
authors.forename: XianTing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Long