title: Targeting tumor microenvironment with PEG-based amphiphilic nanoparticles to overcome chemoresistance.
abstract: Multidrug resistance is one of the biggest obstacles in the treatment of cancer. Recent research studies highlight that tumor microenvironment plays a predominant role in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Hence, targeting the tumor microenvironment provides a novel strategy for the evolution of cancer nanomedicine. The blooming knowledge about the tumor microenvironment merging with the design of PEG-based amphiphilic nanoparticles can provide an effective and promising platform to address the multidrug resistant tumor cells. This review describes the characteristic features of tumor microenvironment and their targeting mechanisms with the aid of PEG-based amphiphilic nanoparticles for the development of newer drug delivery systems to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer cells.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Many cancers develop multidrug resistance towards chemotherapeutic agents with time and strategies are urgently needed to combat against this. In this review article, the authors discuss the current capabilities of using nanomedicine to target the tumor microenvironments, which would provide new insight to the development of novel delivery systems for the future.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China.
authors.forename: Shizhu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Keni
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Ruslan G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Tuguntaev
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Anbu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mozhi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China. Electronic address: jczhang6970@163.com.
authors.forename: Jinchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, WA, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address: liangxj@nanoctr.cn.
authors.forename: Xing-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
keywords: Amphiphilic nanomaterials; Cancer microenvironment; Multidrug resistance; Poly(ethylene glycol); Tumor targeting