title: Intraurethral Steroids are a Safe and Effective Treatment for Stricture Disease in Patients with Biopsy Proven Lichen Sclerosus.
abstract: We investigated outcomes of the contemporary practice of administering intraurethral steroids to treat stricture disease in patients with biopsy proven lichen sclerosus.
  
  
  
  We performed an institutional review board approved review of the records of patients with biopsy proven lichen sclerosus stricture disease from October 2010 to September 2015. Study inclusion criteria were age 18 years or greater and male gender. Extracted data included patient demographics, comorbidities, location of lichen sclerosus, previous therapies and need for further interventions. Management was considered successful when there was no need for subsequent escalation of therapy. The intraurethral steroid regimen consisted of applying clobetasol cream to the affected urethra to lubricate a calibration device such as a urinary catheter or meatal dilator. The initial phase of therapy included twice daily application for 2 to 3 months, at which point the frequency was decreased by the clinician, enabling the patient to titrate medication use as needed.
  
  
  
  We identified 40 patients with biopsy proven lichen sclerosus who had urethral stricture as part of the disease state. Of these patients 28 received the intraurethral steroid regimen and success was achieved in 25 (89%). Mean followup was 24.8 months. No patient who was started on the intraurethral steroid regimen proceeded to urethroplasty.
  
  
  
  Based on our outcomes we have developed a stepwise treatment algorithm for patients with biopsy proven lichen sclerosus stricture disease that uses intraurethral steroids before initiating plans for invasive surgery.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Duke University (BAP), Durham, North Carolina; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address: bradley.potts@dm.duke.edu.
authors.forename: Bradley A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Potts
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Duke University (BAP), Durham, North Carolina; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Belsante
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Duke University (BAP), Durham, North Carolina; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D002990:Clobetasol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D018459:Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D002990:Clobetasol
keywords: balanitis xerotica obliterans; lichen sclerosus et atrophicus; steroids; surgery; urethral stricture