title: Cerebrospinal fluid neuroendocrinology of alcohol misusers.
abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurohumors reflect central nervous system physiology in a way that peripheral indices can not. We reviewed clinical studies of CSF biogenic amines and neurohormones in alcohol misusers during various stages of withdrawal or abstinence and found them difficult to compare because of highly variable experimental methods, reliance on single time collections (lumbar punctures) that fail to control for potential stress-induced effects of the procedure, lack of control for tobacco use, and a paucity of non-alcoholmisusing controls. However, taken together, the data thus far show that a variety of neuroactive substances are reduced in concentration in the CSF of some alcohol misusers. Low CSF levels of corticotropinreleasing hormone, beta-endorphin, norepinephrine, diazepam-binding inhibitor, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and somatostatin have all been reported. Whether the decreased CSF levels of these neurohormones and neurotransmitters are a cause or consequence of alcoholism has not been determined. In fact, further studies using serial or continuous CSF sampling techniques with homogeneous, better-characterized patients and normal volunteers are still needed to establish the precise CSF neurochemical abnormalities in alcohol misusers.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Geracioti
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Goldsmith
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Norman
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Somoza
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kasckow
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Richtand
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Anthenelli
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Keck