title: Fine motor skill proficiency in typically developing children: On or off the maturation track?
abstract: Fine motor skill proficiency is an essential component of numerous daily living activities such as dressing, feeding or playing. Poor fine motor skills can lead to difficulties in academic achievement, increased anxiety and poor self-esteem. Recent findings have shown that children's gross motor skill proficiency tends to fall below established developmental norms. A question remains: do fine motor skill proficiency levels also fall below developmental norms? The aim of this study was to examine the current level of fine motor skill in Irish children. Children (N=253) from 2nd, 4th and 6th grades (mean age=7.12, 9.11 and 11.02 respectively) completed the Fine Motor Composite of the Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2nd Edition (BOT-2). Analysis revealed that only 2nd grade children met the expected level of fine motor skill proficiency. It was also found that despite children's raw scores improving with age, children's fine motor skill proficiency was not progressing at the expected rate given by normative data. This leads us to question the role and impact of modern society on fine motor skills development over the past number of decades.
authors.affiliation: Multisensory Motor Learning Laboratory (M(2)L(2)), School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Ireland. Electronic address: david.gaul2@mail.dcu.ie.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaul
authors.affiliation: Multisensory Motor Learning Laboratory (M(2)L(2)), School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Ireland. Electronic address: johann.issartel@dcu.ie.
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Issartel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012016:Reference Values; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
keywords: Children; Developmental trajectory; Fine motor skill; Motor Learning