title: High-channel-count, high-density microelectrode array for closed-loop investigation of neuronal networks.
abstract: We present a system for large-scale electrophysiological recording and stimulation of neural tissue with a planar topology. The recording system has 65,536 electrodes arranged in a 256 × 256 grid, with 25.5 μm pitch, and covering an area approximately 42.6 mm(2). The recording chain has 8.66 μV rms input-referred noise over a 100 ~ 10k Hz bandwidth while providing up to 66 dB of voltage gain. When recording from all electrodes in the array, it is capable of 10-kHz sampling per electrode. All electrodes can also perform patterned electrical microstimulation. The system produces ~ 1 GB/s of data when recording from the full array. To handle, store, and perform nearly real-time analyses of this large data stream, we developed a framework based around Xilinx FPGAs, Intel x86 CPUs and the NVIDIA Streaming Multiprocessors to interface with the electrode array.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Esha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chari
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yuste
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shepard
mesh_terms: D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008959:Models, Neurological