title: Circulating angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) and ANGPTL3 concentrations in relation to anthropometric and metabolic profiles in Korean children: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have shown that angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8), also called as betatrophin, acts together with ANGPTL3 to regulate lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and energy homeostasis. Moreover, ANGPTL8 promotes proliferation of pancreatic β-cells and induces insulin secretion. However, there are no previous longitudinal studies in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the age- and sex-matched data of 240 normal weight and overweight Korean children from the Korean Metabolic disorders and Obesity Study in Elementary School children (K-MOSES), a prospective observational cohort study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, ANGPTL8 concentrations were positively associated with triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.168, P = 0.010), whereas ANGPTL3 levels were associated with fasting insulin (r = 0.248, P < 0.001) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.197, P = 0.002). Although both ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL3 levels did not differ between children with normal weight and children with overweight, ANGPTL8 levels were increased in males compared to females (341.2 [267.4-436.5] vs. 270.2 [213.9-378.8] pg/ml, P = 0.001). In particular, there was no significant inter-relationship between circulating ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL3 concentrations in Korean boys and girls (r = -0.073, P = 0.265). Multivariate analysis showed that baseline ANGPTL8 concentrations were independently associated with future changes of serum TG levels in Korean children after adjusting for confounding factors after a 3 year follow-up period (r = -0.165, P = 0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This longitudinal study demonstrated for the first time that baseline ANGPTL8 levels were associated with baseline and future changes in TG levels in Korean children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. soo3802@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Hye Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. neige0126@naver.com.
authors.forename: Min Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. hwangsy214@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Soon Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. whitepola@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. deisy21@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. seo-ji-a@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Ji-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. k50367@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sin Gon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. nhkendo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nan Hee
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. 103hyun@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sei Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. cdongs@kumc.or.kr.
authors.forename: Dong Seop
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. ksmpdh@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seon Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. medica7@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kyung Mook
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000091303:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3; D000091306:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000097:blood*; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C479896:ANGPTL3 protein, human; C576683:ANGPTL8 protein, human; D000091303:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3; D000091306:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins; D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D014280:Triglycerides