title: Potassium and Sodium Transport in Yeast.
abstract: As the proper maintenance of intracellular potassium and sodium concentrations is vital for cell growth, all living organisms have developed a cohort of strategies to maintain proper monovalent cation homeostasis. In the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, potassium is accumulated to relatively high concentrations and is required for many aspects of cellular function, whereas high intracellular sodium/potassium ratios are detrimental to cell growth and survival. The fact that S. cerevisiae cells can grow in the presence of a broad range of concentrations of external potassium (10 μM-2.5 M) and sodium (up to 1.5 M) indicates the existence of robust mechanisms that have evolved to maintain intracellular concentrations of these cations within appropriate limits. In this review, current knowledge regarding potassium and sodium transporters and their regulation will be summarized. The cellular responses to high sodium and potassium and potassium starvation will also be discussed, as well as applications of this knowledge to diverse fields, including antifungal treatments, bioethanol production and human disease.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avd. de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain. lynne@ibmcp.upv.es.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yenush
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006706:Homeostasis; D017136:Ion Transport; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; C086375:ENA1 protein, S cerevisiae; C000631624:NHA1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C068664:TRK1 protein, S cerevisiae; D012964:Sodium; C092477:PMA1 protein, S cerevisiae; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium
keywords: Ena1; Ion homeostasis; Nha1; Pma1; Potassium transport; Sodium transport; Trk1; Yeast