title: Botulinum toxin for the treatment of bruxism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Botulinum toxin, the most potent biological toxin, has been shown to be effective for a variety of disorders in several medical conditions, when used both therapeutically and cosmetically. In recent years, there has been a rising trend in the use of this pharmacological agent to control bruxing activity, despite its reported adverse effects. The aim of this review was to provide a brief overview to clarify the underlying essential ideas for the use of botulinum toxin in bruxism based on available scientific papers.
  
  
  METHODS
  An electronic literature search was performed to identify publications related to botulinum toxin and its use for bruxism in PubMed. Hand searching of relevant articles was also made to identify additional studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the eleven identified studies, only two were randomized controlled trials, compared with the effectiveness of botulinum toxins on the reduction in the frequency of bruxism events and myofascial pain after injection. The authors of these studies concluded that botulinum toxin could be used as an effective treatment for reducing nocturnal bruxism and myofascial pain in patients with bruxism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence-based research was limited on this topic. More randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm that botulinum toxin is safe and reliable for routine clinical use in bruxism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Yeditepe University , Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tinastepe
authors.forename: Burcu Bal
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Küçük
authors.forename: Koray
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oral
mesh_terms: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002012:Bruxism / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors; D001905:Botulinum Toxins
keywords: Botulinum toxin; Bruxism