title: Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection as Cause of Late Liver Allograft Failure: A Case Report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite now being an infrequent complication in liver transplantation (LT) recipients, acute liver failure is still associated with high mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we report a case of acute liver failure 11 months after AB0-compatible LT in a hepatitis C-positive 50-year-old male recipient caused by late antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). De novo donor-specific antibodies appeared later in a previously negative donor-recipient crossmatch, leading to a rapid deterioration of liver function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We highlight the importance of an accurate diagnosis and an early therapeutic intervention. The analysis of this case brings novel and generalizable insights to the differential diagnosis of acute liver failure after LT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vellalta
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: cdopazo@vhebron.net.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dopazo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bilbao
authors.affiliation: Hepatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas[CIBERehd], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castells
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sapisochin
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lázaro
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Á
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Salcedo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caralt
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Transplants, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charco
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D064591:Allografts; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D000921:Antibody-Producing Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D001706:Biopsy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies