title: Herbal Remedies for Functional Dyspepsia and Traditional Iranian Medicine Perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a functional gastro-intestinal disorder with high prevalence. Among various treatment options, treatment by complementary and alternative medicines especially herbal remedies also practiced. Traditional Iranian medicine (TIM), a valuable resource of valid applied studies of ancient Iranian scholars, recommends numerous medicinal plants to treat dyspepsia symptoms. In this study, through investigation of TIM references, we aimed to identify medicinal plants for treatment of digestion insufficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this qualitative study, dyspepsia symptoms including fullness, early satiety, bloating, nausea, and belching were checked under reliable sources of traditional medicine. Then medicinal plants recommended for the treatment of the symptoms were extracted from the books. Likewise, for investigating the pharmacological properties of medicinal plants used for the relieving of dyspepsia symptoms, electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and some Iranian databases like SID and IranMedex were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study yielded 105 plants from 37 families which could treat various dyspepsia symptoms; fifty-seven plants, mainly from Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Zingiberaceae had digestive effects. In this research, based on the information in TIM reference texts, we obtained 58 plants effective for bloating, 40 for nausea, 37 for appetite loss and 7 for belching. In human clinical trials conducted on medicinal plants effective for FD symptoms, 7 single plants were used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Finding the medicinal plants effective on digestion insufficiency based on TIM could suggest a better strategy for the relieving of dyspepsia symptoms. Traditional Iranian medicine prescribes medicinal plants based on each patient's personal characteristics and practices multiple target therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Babaeian
authors.affiliation: Traditional Medicin Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamalinejad
authors.affiliation: Department of History of Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghaffari
authors.affiliation: Traditional Medicin Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Emadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University Medical, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Awat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feizi
authors.affiliation: Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Nafiseh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosseini Yekta
authors.affiliation: Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Peyman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adibi
keywords: Dyspepsia; Herbal Medicine; Medicinal Plants; Medicine, Traditional