title: Range of Motion Requirements for Upper-Limb Activities of Daily Living.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We quantified the range of motion (ROM) required for eight upper-extremity activities of daily living (ADLs) in healthy participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen right-handed participants completed several bimanual and unilateral basic ADLs while joint kinematics were monitored using a motion capture system. Peak motions of the pelvis, trunk, shoulder, elbow, and wrist were quantified for each task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To complete all activities tested, participants needed a minimum ROM of -65°/0°/105° for humeral plane angle (horizontal abduction-adduction), 0°-108° for humeral elevation, -55°/0°/79° for humeral rotation, 0°-121° for elbow flexion, -53°/0°/13° for forearm rotation, -40°/0°/38° for wrist flexion-extension, and -28°/0°/38° for wrist ulnar-radial deviation. Peak trunk ROM was 23° lean, 32° axial rotation, and 59° flexion-extension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Full upper-limb kinematics were calculated for several ADLs. This methodology can be used in future studies as a basis for developing normative databases of upper-extremity motions and evaluating pathology in populations.
authors.affiliation: Deanna H. Gates, PhD, is Assistant Professor, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; gatesd@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Deanna H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Gates
authors.affiliation: Lisa Smurr Walters, OTR, CHT, is Occupational Therapist, Center for the Intrepid, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Lisa Smurr
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: Jeffrey Cowley, MS, is Graduate Student, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cowley
authors.affiliation: Jason M. Wilken, PT, PhD, is Director, Military Performance Laboratory, Center for the Intrepid, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wilken
authors.affiliation: Linda Resnik, PT, PhD, is Research Career Scientist, Providence VA, and Professor (Research), Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Resnik
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000503:physiopathology; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011403:Pronation / Q000502:physiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012399:Rotation; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult