title: Exploring the Spatial Association between Social Deprivation and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality at the Neighborhood Level.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the United States, is impacted by neighborhood-level factors including social deprivation. To measure the association between social deprivation and CVD mortality in Harris County, Texas, global (Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and local (Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR)) models were built. The models explored the spatial variation in the relationship at a census-tract level while controlling for age, income by race, and education. A significant and spatially varying association (p < .01) was found between social deprivation and CVD mortality, when controlling for all other factors in the model. The GWR model provided a better model fit over the analogous OLS model (R2 = .65 vs. .57), reinforcing the importance of geography and neighborhood of residence in the relationship between social deprivation and CVD mortality. Findings from the GWR model can be used to identify neighborhoods at greatest risk for poor health outcomes and to inform the placement of community-based interventions.
authors.affiliation: St. Luke's Episcopal Health Charities, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mary Margaret
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.affiliation: Department of Management, Policy & Community Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Linda D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Highfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007223:Infant; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011203:Poverty; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult