title: Common Variant Near HEY2 Has a Protective Effect on Ventricular Fibrillation Occurrence in Brugada Syndrome by Regulating the Repolarization Current.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Risk stratification of Brugada syndrome (BrS) remains controversial and the majority of patients with BrS have no genetic explanation. We investigated relationships between genotypes of 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms reported in a recent genome-wide association study and BrS phenotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SCN10A (rs10428132), SCN5A (rs11708996), and downstream from HEY2 (rs9388451) single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped and compared between 95 Japanese patients with BrS and 1978 controls. Relationships between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms and clinical characteristics, 12-lead ECG findings, signal-averaged ECG findings, and electrophysiological parameters were also examined in patients with BrS. Both rs10428132 and rs9388451 were significantly associated with BrS (P=2.7×10(-14); odds ratio, 3.0; P=9.2×10(-4); odds ratio, 1.7, respectively). Interestingly, the HEY2 risk allele C was less frequent in BrS patients with ventricular fibrillation than in those without (59% versus 74%; P=4.1×10(-2); odds ratio, 0.5). A significant linear correlation was found between HEY2 genotypes and QTc interval (CC: 422±27 ms; CT: 408±21 ms; and TT: 381±27 ms; P= 4.0×10(-4)). The HEY2 mRNA expression level in the right ventricular specimens from patients with BrS (n=20) was significantly lower in patients with CC genotype than the other genotypes (P=0.04). Additionally, during 63±28 months follow-up periods after implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation (n=90), Kaplan-Meier event-free survival curves revealed that the cumulative rate of ventricular fibrillation events was significantly lower in cases with HEY2 CC genotype (P=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that HEY2 CC genotype may be a favorable prognostic marker for BrS, protectively acting to prevent ventricular fibrillation presumably by regulating the repolarization current.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.) nakanoy@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onohara
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toshishige
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Takehito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokuyama
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawazoe
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomomori
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sairaku
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikenaga
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Chikaaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Motoda
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suenari
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Yasufumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashida
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Daiki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chayama
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan (A.S., C.M., H.I., H.K., H.M., K.S., M.T., Noboru Oda, Nozomu Oda, S. Tomomori, S.K., T.T., Y. O., Y.K., Y.N., Y.W.); Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Hiroshima, Japan (D.M., H.O., K.C., Y.N.); Division of Frontier Medical Science, Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Programs for Biomedical Research Graduate School of Biomedical Science (H.O., K.C., Y.H.), and Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (S. Tashiro), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and Division of Cardiology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Japan (Y.Y.).
authors.forename: Yasuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kihara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053840:Brugada Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D012313:RNA; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C405693:HEY2 protein, human
keywords: Brugada syndrome; alleles; genotype; polymorphism, single nucleotide; ventricular fibrillation