title: Obesity, Exercise, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Modifiable Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation.
abstract: Classically, the 3 pillars of atrial fibrillation (AF) management have included anticoagulation for prevention of thromboembolism, rhythm control, and rate control. In both prevention and management of AF, a growing body of evidence supports an increased role for comprehensive cardiac risk factor modification (RFM), herein defined as management of traditional modifiable cardiac risk factors, weight loss, and exercise. In this narrative review, we summarize the evidence demonstrating the importance of each facet of RFM in AF prevention and therapy. Additionally, we review emerging data on the importance of weight loss and cardiovascular exercise in prevention and management of AF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jared D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Konstantinos N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Aronis
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chrispin
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kaustubha D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Marine
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Seth S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Blaha
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: hcalkins@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Calkins
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: diabetes; hyperlipidemia; hypertension