title: A case of treatable hypertension: fibromuscular dysplasia of renal arteries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renovascular hypertension accounts for 51-52% of all cases of hypertension in the general population, but plays a major role in treatable causes for hypertension in the young. This entity consists of renal vascular atherosclerosis (90%), commonly seen among the elderly population, and renal fibro muscular dysplasia (FMD) (10%), predominantly seen in the young. The prevalence of clinically significant renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia is 0.4%.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case of treatable young hypertension in a 29 year old female, who was diagnosed with renovascular hypertension due to fibromuscular dysplasia of the left renal artery. Computed tomographic angiogram revealed significant stenosis of the left main renal artery. Diethylene triamine penta acetic acid renogram showed a small left kidney due to renal artery stenosis. She underwent left sided nephrectomy, and histology revealed features of FMD, after which she achieved full recovery with normalization of blood pressure, and did not require antihypertensive drug treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibromuscular dysplasia causing renal artery stenosis, though a rare cause of renovascular hypertension, is essential to be considered in young hypertensives, even in the absence of family history of hypertension. A high index of suspicion is necessary in early diagnosis and prompt treatment, which can result in rapid and complete recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. udayapralapanawa@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Priyantha Udaya Kumara
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ralapanawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. kushaleej5@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kushalee Poornima
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Jayawickreme
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. imadhuekana@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ekanayake Mudiyanselage Madhushanka
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ekanayake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed