title: Living cell dry mass measurement using quantitative phase imaging with quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry: an accuracy and sensitivity discussion.
abstract: Single-cell dry mass measurement is used in biology to follow cell cycle, to address effects of drugs, or to investigate cell metabolism. Quantitative phase imaging technique with quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry (QWLSI) allows measuring cell dry mass. The technique is very simple to set up, as it is integrated in a camera-like instrument. It simply plugs onto a standard microscope and uses a white light illumination source. Its working principle is first explained, from image acquisition to automated segmentation algorithm and dry mass quantification. Metrology of the whole process, including its sensitivity, repeatability, reliability, sources of error, over different kinds of samples and under different experimental conditions, is developed. We show that there is no influence of magnification or spatial light coherence on dry mass measurement; effect of defocus is more critical but can be calibrated. As a consequence, QWLSI is a well-suited technique for fast, simple, and reliable cell dry mass study, especially for live cells.
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, FrancebPHASICS S.A., Parc technologique de Saint Aubin, Route de l'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint Aubin, France.
authors.forename: Sherazade
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aknoun
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Savatier
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bon
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galland
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Lamiae
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abdeladim
authors.affiliation: PHASICS S.A., Parc technologique de Saint Aubin, Route de l'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint Aubin, France.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wattellier
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monneret
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001331:Automation; D019556:COS Cells; D002138:Calibration; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004867:Equipment Design; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods*; D008027:Light; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D008938:Mitosis; D016011:Normal Distribution; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis / Q000379:methods*