title: [Molecular mechanisms of niclosamide antitumor activity].
abstract: In this review the recent data regarding the antitumor activity of niclosamide and the molecular mechanisms of its antitumor activity are presented. Niclosamide has been used in the clinic for the treatment of intestinal parasite infections. In recent years in several screening investigations of various drugs and chemical compounds niclosamide was identified as a potential anticancer agent. Niclosamide not only inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin, mTORC1, STAT3, NF-κB and Notch signaling pathways, but also targets mitochondria in cancer cells to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis. A number of studies have established the anticancer activity of niclosamide in both in vitro and in vivo in xenotransplantation models using human tumors and immunodeficient mice. It is important that niclosamide is active not only against tumor cells but also cancer stem cells. Normal cells are resistant to niclosamide. The accumulated experimental data suggest niclosamide is a promising drug for the treatment of various types of cancer.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", NBICS-Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: E Yu
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Moskaleva
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", NBICS-Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Perevozchikova
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", NBICS-Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Zhirnik
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", NBICS-Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Severin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009534:Niclosamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000187:drug effects*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009534:Niclosamide
keywords: antitumor drugs; cancer stem cells; mitochondria damage; niclosamide; signaling pathways