title: Sex Dimorphism Profile of Alzheimer's Disease-Type Pathologies in an APP/PS1 Mouse Model.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among the elderly, characterized by parenchymal and vascular beta-amyloid (Aβ) burden, tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and loss of neurons and synapses. There is a clear sex difference in the prevalence of AD. However, sex differences in AD-type pathologies have not been systematically documented. Applying 12-month-old female and male APP/PS1 mice as a model, we investigated the sex dimorphism in these major pathological indices. Compared with male APP/PS1 mice, the females exhibited higher parenchymal Aβ burdens, with the sex difference in hippocampus being the most significant. Female APP/PS1 mice had more severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy and subsequent microhemorrhage. In addition, female APP/PS1 mice also showed higher levels of phosphorylated tau and proinflammatory cytokines, more severe astrocytosis and microgliosis, and greater neuronal and synaptic degenerations. The present study systematically described a sex dimorphism in AD-type pathologic indices, suggesting that gender should be taken into account in designing studies involving these pathological indices and when interpreting the relevant findings in those studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Sheng
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xian-Le
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Hua
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Ye-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. wayaja@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan-Jiang
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D016657:Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D053764:Presenilin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C558298:Mapt protein, mouse; C508853:PSEN1 protein, human; D053764:Presenilin-1; D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Beta-amyloid; Cerebral amyloid angiopathy; Loss of neurons and synapses; Neuroinflammation; Sex dimorphism; Tau pathology