title: [Diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of the preoperatively misclassified complicated renal cysts].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the clinical features and treatment options of patients undergoing surgical masses excision for preoperatively misclassified complicated renal cysts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical records of patients who received partial or radical nephrectomy at Department of Urology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital with postoperatively pathological examination as benign renal cysts from January 2008 to December 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were a total of 31 patients meeting the inclusion criteria for analysis. Among them 4 patients were classified as Bosniak II renal cysts by preoperative ultrasonography and/or computed tomography (CT), 7 patients as Bosniak IIF and III respectively, 3 patients as Bosniak IV, as well as 10 patients as renal solid masses. The average max diameter of the lesions was 3.34 ± 2.45 cm (ranging from 0.8 cm to 14.3 cm), with 83.87% lesions less than 4 cm. Eighteen patients (58.06%) received open partial nephrectomy, while 13 patients underwent laparoscopic partial or radical nephrectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A considerable number of patients received unnecessary partial or even radical nephrectomy for misclassified benign renal cysts. Small high-density renal cysts could not only mimic solid renal masses on ultrasonography and plain CT, but also present pseudoenhancement on enhanced CT, thus easily leading to a misdiagnosis as solid renal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Weibin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Dexin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Weigang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; Email: jzg1129@medmail.com.cn.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D006801:Humans; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic; D010535:Laparoscopy; D009392:Nephrectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed