title: Multimodal MRI characterization of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We implemented an in-scanner rat model of mild SAH in which blood or vehicle was injected into the cistern magna, and applied multimodal MRI to study the brain prior to, immediately after (5min to 4h), and upto 7days after SAH. Vehicle injection did not change arterial lumen diameter, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T2, venous signal, vascular reactivity to hypercapnia, or foot-fault scores, but mildly reduce cerebral blood flow (CBF) up to 4h, and open-field activity up to 7days post injection. By contrast, blood injection caused: (i) vasospasm 30min after SAH but not thereafter, (ii) venous abnormalities at 3h and 2days, delayed relative to vasospasm, (iii) reduced basal CBF and to hypercapnia 1-4h but not thereafter, (iv) reduced ADC immediately after SAH but no ADC and T2 changes on days 2 and 7, and (v) reduced open-field activities in both SAH and vehicle animals, but no significant differences in open-field activities and foot-fault tests between groups. Mild SAH exhibited transient and mild hemodynamic disturbances and diffusion changes, but did not show apparent ischemic brain injury nor functional deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Research Imaging Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: G-Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Neurology and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX 77027, USA.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: duongt@uthscsa.edu.
authors.forename: T Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Duong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008124:Locomotion; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014661:Vasoconstriction
keywords: cerebral ischemia; magnetic resonance imaging; subarachnoid hemorrhage