title: Effects of Gymnema sylvestre extract on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glimepiride in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
abstract: Gymnema sylvestre, important Indian traditional herbal medicine has been used for diabetes from several years and marketed as single or multi-herb formulations globally. People are consuming G. sylvestre along with conventional hypoglycemic drugs. Therefore, there is need of evidence based assessment of risk versus benefits when G. sylvestre co-administered with conventional oral hypoglycemic drugs. In present investigation, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic interactions with oral hypoglycemic drug, glimepiride (GLM) was studied in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. A specific and rapid HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was established for simultaneous quantification of GLM and gymnemagenin (GMG) in rat plasma. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction studies were carried out in STZ induced diabetic rats after concomitant administration of 400 mg/kg of G. sylvestre extract and 0.8 mg/kg of GLM for 28 days. The developed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was rapid, specific, and precise. Con-comitant oral administration of G. sylvestre extract (400 mg/kg) and GLM (0.8 mg/kg) in diabetic rats for 28 days showed beneficial pharmacodynamic interactions whereas no major alterations in the pharmacokinetics parameters of GLM and GMG were observed. This interaction demonstrated in animal model implies that significant clinical outcome might occur during concomitant administration of G. sylvestre extract and GLM especially in diabetic patients and warrants further studies in the same set up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus College of J.S.S University, Mysore), Ootacamund 643 001 TN, India. Electronic address: k.bhagyashree@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bhagyashree
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kamble
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus College of J.S.S University, Mysore), Ootacamund 643 001 TN, India.
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus College of J.S.S University, Mysore), Ootacamund 643 001 TN, India.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moothedath
authors.affiliation: Advinus Therapeutics Ltd, Quantum Towers, Plot No. 9, Phase I, Hinjewadi Pune - 411 057 India.
authors.forename: Laxman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khatal
authors.affiliation: Bioanalyatical Technologies Pvt. Ltd, B.A.T. House, Navi Peth, Off Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Pune - 411 030, Maharashtra India.
authors.forename: Shirish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janrao
authors.affiliation: Bioanalyatical Technologies Pvt. Ltd, B.A.T. House, Navi Peth, Off Lal Bahadur Shastri Road, Pune - 411 030, Maharashtra India.
authors.forename: Amol
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jadhav
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus College of J.S.S University, Mysore), Ootacamund 643 001 TN, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Duraiswamy
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D031104:Gymnema sylvestre / Q000737:chemistry*; D041743:Herb-Drug Interactions; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D013311:Streptozocin; C057619:glimepiride; C517988:gymnemagenin
keywords: Diabetes; Glimepiride; Gymnema sylvestre; LC-ESI-MS/MS; Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interactions