title: Fabrication of novel high performance ductile poly(lactic acid) nanofiber scaffold coated with poly(vinyl alcohol) for tissue engineering applications.
abstract: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofiber scaffold has received increasing interest as a promising material for potential application in the field of regenerative medicine. However, the low hydrophilicity and poor ductility restrict its practical application. Integration of hydrophilic elastic polymer onto the surface of the nanofiber scaffold may help to overcome the drawbacks of PLA material. Herein, we successfully optimized the parameters for in situ deposition of poly(vinyl alcohol), (PVA) onto post-electrospun PLA nanofibers using a simple hydrothermal approach. Our results showed that the average fiber diameter of coated nanofiber mat is about 1265±222 nm, which is remarkably higher than its pristine counterpart (650±180 nm). The hydrophilicity of PLA nanofiber scaffold coated with a PVA thin layer improved dramatically (36.11±1.5°) compared to that of pristine PLA (119.7±1.5°) scaffold. The mechanical testing showed that the PLA nanofiber scaffold could be converted from rigid to ductile with enhanced tensile strength, due to maximizing the hydrogen bond interaction during the heat treatment and in the presence of PVA. Cytocompatibility performance of the pristine and coated PLA fibers with PVA was observed through an in vitro experiment based on cell attachment and the MTT assay by EA.hy926 human endothelial cells. The cytocompatibility results showed that human cells induced more favorable attachment and proliferation behavior on hydrophilic PLA composite scaffold than that of pristine PLA. Hence, PVA coating resulted in an increase in initial human cell attachment and proliferation. We believe that the novel PVA-coated PLA nanofiber scaffold developed in this study, could be a promising high performance biomaterial in regeneration medicine.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Engineering Materials and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley of University, Qena 83523, Egypt. Electronic address: abda_55@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Abdalla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdal-Hay
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kamal Hany
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento, 6, Urbino, PU 61029, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Casettari
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
authors.forename: Khalil Abdelrazek
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78541-2999, USA.
authors.forename: Abdel Salam
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hamdy
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol
keywords: Biodegradable synthetic polymers; Cytocompatibility; Hydrothermal deposition; Nanofiber scaffolds; Poly lactic acid; Poly vinyl alcohol; Tissue regeneration