title: A New Method for Xenogeneic Bone Graft Deproteinization: Comparative Study of Radius Defects in a Rabbit Model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deproteinization is an indispensable process for the elimination of antigenicity in xenograft bones. However, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) deproteinized xenograft, which is commonly used to repair bone defect, exhibits limited osteoinduction activity. The present study was designed to develop a new method for deproteinization and compare the osteogenic capacities of new pepsin deproteinized xenograft bones with those of conventional H2O2 deproteinized ones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bones were deproteinized in H2O2 or pepsin for 8 hours. The morphologies were compared by HE staining. The content of protein and collagen I were measured by the Kjeldahl method and HPLC-MS, respectively. The physical properties were evaluated by SEM and mechanical tests. For in vivo study, X-ray, micro-CT and HE staining were employed to monitor the healing processes of radius defects in rabbit models transplanted with different graft materials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with H2O2 deproteinized bones, no distinct morphological and physical changes were observed. However, pepsin deproteinized bones showed a lower protein content, and a higher collagen content were preserved. In vivo studies showed that pepsin deproteinized bones exhibited better osteogenic performance than H2O2 deproteinized bones, moreover, the quantity and quality of the newly formed bones were improved as indicated by micro-CT analysis. From the results of histological examination, the newly formed bones in the pepsin group were mature bones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pepsin deproteinized xenograft bones show advantages over conventional H2O2 deproteinized bones with respect to osteogenic capacity; this new method may hold potential clinical value in the development of new biomaterials for bone grafting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
authors.forename: Rongxin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Thoracic hospital of Hunan province, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jialin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Ningxiang People's Hospital, Ningxiang, China.
authors.forename: Lifei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Tianjian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yihe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D011884:Radius / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000379:methods*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide