title: Effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on bone formation in the expanded inter-premaxillary suture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Narrow maxilla is a common problem in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. To solve this problem, a procedure called rapid maxillary expansion (RME) has been used. However, relapse tendency is a major problem of RME. Although relapse tendency is not clearly understood, various treatment procedures and new applications have been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effectiveness of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on new bone formation in rat midpalatal suture after RME.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into two groups as control and CAPE group. In the CAPE group, CAPE was administered systemically via intraperitoneal injection. RME procedure was performed on all animals. For this purpose, the springs were placed on the maxillary incisors of rats and activated for 5 days. After then, the springs were removed and replaced with short lengths of rectangular retaining wire for consolidation period of 15 days. At the end of the study, histomorphometric analysis was carried out to assess new bone formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  New bone formation was significantly greater in the CAPE group than the control group (P<0.05). CAPE enhances new bone formation in midpalatal suture after RME.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that CAPE may decrease the time needed for retention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakki Oguz
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Kazancioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sertac
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aksakalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seref
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ezirganli
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muhammet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Birlik
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mukaddes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esrefoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet Hüseyin
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Acar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol
keywords: bone formation; caffeic acid phenethyl ester; histopathology; midpalatal suture; rapid maxillary expansion