title: Immunomodulatory effect of DC/CIK combined with chemotherapy in multiple myeloma and the clinical efficacy.
abstract: To investigate the clinical efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DC) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells combined with chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. The immunomodulatory effect of the therapy was discussed by detecting the levels of peripheral blood T cell subsets and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory cells (Treg). Fifty MM patients were randomly divided into two groups: 24 cases in the simple chemotherapy group and 26 cases in the combined therapy group (chemotherapy plus DC/CIK immunotherapy). The therapeutic efficacy and the proportions of peripheral blood T cell subsets and Treg cells were compared between the two groups. The cellular immunity indicators were also compared, including IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, AgNORs ratio and TGF-β. After 3 weeks of treatment, the life quality and clinical efficacy of the combined therapy group were superior to those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). CD3(+)CD8(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+)/CD4(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)/CD4(+)CD25(+) ratio, IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β levels of the combined therapy group were obviously lower than those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). The CD3(+)CD4(+)/CD3(+)CD8(+) ratio, AgNOR ratio, IL-2 and IFN-γ level and positive rate of NKG2D in the combined therapy group were significantly higher than those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). These results indicated better immunomodulatory effect of the combined therapy. DC/CIK immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has a good clinical efficacy and prospect for MM, reversing the Th1 to Th2 shift and increasing the anti-tumor capacity of the immune system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Jinan 250012, China ; Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field Dongying 257000, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field Dongying 257000, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Qiang
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Dao-Xin
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field Dongying 257000, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field Dongying 257000, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field Dongying 257000, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000069286:Bortezomib / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000069286:Bortezomib; D003907:Dexamethasone
keywords: Multiple myeloma (MM); cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK cells); dendritic cells (DCs); immunomodulatory; immunotherapy