title: Non-target effects of pretilachlor on microbial properties in tropical rice soil.
abstract: The use of herbicides has been questioned in recent past for their non-target effects. Therefore, we planned to study the effect of pretilachlor on growth and activities of microbes in tropical rice soil under controlled condition at National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India. Three pretilachlor treatments, namely, recommended dose at 600 g a.i. ha(-1) (RD), double the recommended dose at 1200 g a.i. ha(-1) (2RD), and ten times of the recommended dose at 6000 g a.i. ha(-1) (10RD) along with control, were imposed. The initial residue (after 2 h of spray) deposits in soil were 0.174, 0.968, and 3.35 μg g(-1) for recommended, double the recommended, and ten times of the recommended doses, respectively. No residue in soil was detected in RD treatment on day 45. The half life values were 16.90, 17.76, and 36.47 days for RD, 2RD, and 10RD treatments, respectively. Application of pretilachlor at 10RD, in general, had significantly reduced the number of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, nitrogen fixers, and microbial biomass carbon. Pretilachlor at RD did not record any significant changes in microbial properties compared to control. The results of the present study thus indicated that pretilachlor at RD can be safely used for controlling grassy weeds in rice fields.
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: Subhashree
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India. totanadak@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Totan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5971-1008
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adak
authors.affiliation: Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: Torit B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Bagchi
authors.affiliation: Crop Production Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: Upendra
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Crop Production Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: Sushmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munda
authors.affiliation: Crop Production Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: Sanjoy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berliner
authors.affiliation: Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (formerly Central Rice Research Institute), Cuttack, 753006, India.
authors.forename: Mayabini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jena
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, College of Basic Science and Humanities, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 753003, India.
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D000083:Acetanilides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007194:India; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000187:drug effects*; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000187:drug effects; D012275:Oryza / Q000254:growth & development*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000083:Acetanilides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C118050:pretilachlor; D002244:Carbon
keywords: Actinomycetes; Asymbiotic nitrogen fixers; Bacteria; Fungi; Half life; Microbial biomass carbon; Persistence