title: Ultrasensitive, Multiplex Raman Frequency Shift Immunoassay of Liver Cancer Biomarkers in Physiological Media.
abstract: Highly sensitive multiplex biomarker detection is critical for the early diagnosis of liver cancer. Here, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) frequency-shift immunoassay is developed for detection of liver cancer biomarkers α-fetoprotein and Glypican-3 down to subpicomolar concentrations in saline solution. A high temperature modification of the Tollen's method affords silver nanoparticle films with excellent SERS response upon which ordered domains of Raman reporters are chemisorbed by microcontact printing. Shifts in the reporters SERS spectrum in response to a bound antibody's biomarker recognition constitutes the frequency shift assay, exhibiting here exceptional sensitivity and specificity and shown to function in fetal calf serum and in the serum of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Bochong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.|College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: ISIS & icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS , 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France.|School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Zhongbo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yuliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002417:Cattle; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D053673:Glypicans / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009757:Nylons / Q000737:chemistry; D011327:Printing / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000295:instrumentation; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D053673:Glypicans; D009757:Nylons; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; C085707:poly(dimethylsiloxane)-polyamide copolymer; D012834:Silver
keywords: SERS; frequency shift immunoassay; liver cancer biomarkers; microcontact printing (μCP); multiplex detection