title: Investigations on the antifatigue and antihypoxic effects of Paecilomyces hepiali extract.
abstract: Paecilomyces hepiali, one of the most valuable and effective Chinese medicinal herbs, possesses potential antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antitumor and anti‑inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to investigate the antifatigue and antihypoxic effects of Paecilomyces hepiali extract (PHC) in a mouse model. Using a rotating rod, forced swimming and running assessment, the antifatigue activity of PHC was determined. PHC administration for 7 days had no effect on mouse horizontal or vertical movement, indicating no neurotoxicity at the selected doses was observed. Using a normobaric hypoxia, sodium nitrite toxicosis and acute cerebral ischemia assessments, PHC was confirmed to possess antihypoxic effects. PHC treatment for 7 days significantly enhanced the serum and liver levels of adenosine triphosphate, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, prior to and following 60 min of swimming. The levels of antioxidant‑associated proteins in the livers of the mice were analyzed using western blotting. PHC effectively increased the expression levels of phosphorylated (p)‑5'‑monophosphate (AMP)‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), p‑protein kinase B (AKT) and p‑mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The results of the present study demonstrated that PHC efficiently enhanced endurance from fatigue and had antihypoxic effects through elevation of the antioxidant capacity in the serum and liver, at least in part through the AMPK and AKT/mTOR pathways. These results indicate the potential of this natural product as an antioxidant in the treatment of fatigue, hypoxia and their associated diseases.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lan Zhou
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan Ge
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li Rong
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jia Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wen Ji
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Le Sheng
authors.initials: le S
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D029771:Rhodiola / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D013550:Swimming; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases