title: Manifestations of overarousal account for the association between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and suicidal ideation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent evidence suggests an association between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and suicidal ideation. Cognitive anxiety sensitivity has also been implicated as a precursor to various forms of overarousal. These manifestations of overarousal (i.e., agitation, insomnia, nightmares, and anger) may account for the association between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and suicidal ideation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In Study 1, undergraduate students selectively sampled for recent suicidal ideation completed all measures online. In Study 2, clinical outpatients completed all measures prior to their initial intake appointments at a psychology clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study 1 demonstrated that agitation and insomnia individually and jointly accounted for the association between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and suicidal ideation, controlling for general anxiety and demographic variables. Study 2 replicated and extended these findings, such that, controlling for demographics, general anxiety, and physical and social anxiety sensitivity, agitation and anger each independently and together accounted for the association between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and suicidal ideation, whereas insomnia and nightmares did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study utilized a cross-sectional design and self-report measures in both samples as well as a sample of undergraduate students in Study 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together, these findings suggest that agitation and anger may explain the previously established relationship between cognitive anxiety sensitivity and suicidal ideation. Targeting cognitive anxiety sensitivity in treatment may in turn reduce these forms of overarousal and thereby suicide risk.
authors.affiliation: Florida State University, United States. Electronic address: rogers@psy.fsu.edu.
authors.forename: Megan L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: Oklahoma State University, United States.
authors.forename: Raymond P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: University of Southern Mississippi, United States.
authors.forename: Keyne C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Law
authors.affiliation: Florida State University, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Michaels
authors.affiliation: University of Southern Mississippi, United States.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Anestis
authors.affiliation: Florida State University, United States.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Joiner
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004325:Dreams / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Agitation; Anger; Cognitive anxiety sensitivity; Insomnia; Nightmares; Suicide