title: Progression of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease among different age populations: A two-year follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are gaining increasing relevance in the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), but little is known about their progression, especially among patients with different ages.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 117 PD patients who were divided into four age groups (<50, 50-60, 60-70, and >70years old) were included to assess NMS at baseline and follow-up visit (21.6±5.6months). The frequency and severity of NMS were assessed using the Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for confounding factors, patients at the last visit had significantly higher frequency of "Difficulty falling asleep" item (p=0.034) and "Urinary" domain (p=0.017), and higher total NMSS score (p=0.011) as well as scores for "Sleep/fatigue" (p=0.013) and "Sexual dysfunction" (p=0.014) domains and scores for "Fatigue" (p=0.004), "Lack of motivation" (p=0.033), "Interest in sex" (p=0.014) and "Problems having sex" (p=0.031) items than patients at baseline. The frequency changes of each NMS among four age groups exhibited an anfractuous result, while the annual severity changes of each NMS were not significant different among four age groups. Multinomial logistic regression model indicated that age had no correlation with the changes of NMS frequency and severity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The severity of NMS in PD tends to become progressively worse with the course of the disease. Age is not related to the progression of NMS in PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Ruwei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xueping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address: hfshang2002@126.com.
authors.forename: Huifang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shang
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005221:Fatigue / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D063189:Symptom Assessment
keywords: Age; Non-motor symptoms; Parkinson's disease; Progression