title: Functionalization of organically modified silica with gold nanoparticles in the presence of lignosulfonate.
abstract: It is shown that lignosulfonate (LS) can be used as an effective reducing agent for gold ions and simultaneously as a stabilizing agent for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). When organically modified silica is introduced to the reaction mixture, most of the AuNPs grow on the surface of the silica due to hydrophobic interactions between LS and organic layers covering the solid particles. It was also found that the structure of the organic layer is crucial for the effective deposition of gold nanoparticles onto silica spheres in terms of particle size and gold content in the final SiO2-LS-AuNPs composites. Due to the hydrophobicity of the modified silica it was necessary to carry out the modification in mixed organic/aqueous solvent. The polarity of the organic co-solvent was found to have an effect on the size of the deposited Au-NPs and their quantity. The physical appearance of the obtained hybrids was analyzed by colorimetry, and their structure and composition were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally dispersive and thermal properties were examined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetry (TG), respectively. The obtained multifunctional hybrid materials exhibits remarkable catalytic activity for the reduction of C.I. Basic Blue 9 (Methylene Blue) by borohydride.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konował
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modrzejewska-Sikorska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596, Freiberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Mykhailo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motylenko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Klapiszewski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wysokowski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596, Freiberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Vasilii V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Bazhenov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596, Freiberg, Germany.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rafaja
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, D-09596, Freiberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: grzegorz.milczarek@put.poznan.pl.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Milczarek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland. Electronic address: teofil.jesionowski@put.poznan.pl.
authors.forename: Teofil
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jesionowski
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003124:Colorimetry; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D008031:Lignin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013818:Thermogravimetry
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C001545:lignosulfuric acid; D008031:Lignin
keywords: Gold nanoparticles; Lignosulfonate; Silica