title: Stem cells derived from "inflamed" and healthy periodontal ligament tissues and their sheet functionalities: a patient-matched comparison.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the properties of stem cells derived from "inflamed" and healthy periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues from patient-matched groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient-matched stem cells derived from root-attached "inflamed" and healthy PDL tissues from six donors, termed I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs, respectively, were investigated with regard to their stem cell properties, immunomodulatory effects and capacity to form robust cell sheets for therapeutic applications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that cells derived from both sources exhibited typical mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics. However, compared with H-PDLSCs, I-PDLSCs demonstrated an increased capacity to proliferate, a greater potential to migrate and a decreased capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. When I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the MSCs derived from "inflamed" PDL tissues exhibited impaired immunomodulation. Although I-PDLSCs led to increased collagen type I, periostin and integrin β1 content in the matrix, the cell sheets formed by I-PDLSCs were dysfunctional due to their impaired osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation and tissue regeneration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide additional evidence that I-PDLSCs are functionally compromised compared with H-PDLSCs. Nonetheless, their dominant abundance in the available tissues indicates that stem cells derived from damaged teeth extracted due to periodontitis warrant further exploration.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Biomaterials Unit, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Hao-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Biomaterials Unit, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Biomaterials Unit, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Biomaterials Unit, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Rui-Xin
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Biomaterials Unit, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Biomaterials Unit, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Fa-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010513:Periodontal Ligament; D013234:Stem Cells
keywords: cell-sheet engineering; immunomodulation; inflammation; mesenchymal stem cells; periodontal ligament