title: Nasal Mask Versus Nasal Prongs for Delivering Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure delivered by Nasal mask vs Nasal prongs with respect to continuous positive airway pressure failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled, open label, trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care level III neonatal unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  118 preterm infants-gestational age (27-34 weeks) requiring nasal continuous positive airway pressure as a primary mode for respiratory distress, who were treated with either nasal mask (n=61) or nasal prongs (n=57) as interface.
  
  
  METHODS
  Need for mechanical ventilation within 72 h of initiating support.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure occurred in 8 (13%) of Mask group and 14 (25%) of Prongs group but was statistically not significant (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.24-1.17) (P = 0.15). The rate of pulmonary interstitial emphysema was significantly less in the Mask group (4.9% vs. 17.5%; RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.96; P = 0.03). Incidence of moderate nasal trauma (6.5% vs 21%) (P=0.03) and overall nasal trauma (36% vs 58%) (P=0.02) were significantly lower in mask group than in the prongs group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal continuous positive airway pressure with mask as interface is as effective as prongs but causes less nasal trauma and pulmonary interstitial emphysema.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal and General Hospital, Mumbai, India. Correspondence to: Dr Sorabh Goel, Department of Neonatology, LTMMC and LTMG hospital, Sion (West), Mumbai 400 022, India. drsorabhgoel1982@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sorabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: Jayashree
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mondkar
authors.forename: Harshad
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Panchal
authors.forename: Deeparaj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: Alpana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Utture
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manerkar
mesh_terms: D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000628:therapy*; D017211:Treatment Failure