title: Ferroxidase-Mediated Iron Oxide Biomineralization: Novel Pathways to Multifunctional Nanoparticles.
abstract: Iron oxide biomineralization occurs in all living organisms and typically involves protein compartments ranging from 5 to 100nm in size. The smallest iron-oxo particles are formed inside dodecameric Dps protein cages, while the structurally related ferritin compartments consist of twice as many identical protein subunits. The largest known compartments are encapsulins, icosahedra made of up to 180 protein subunits that harbor additional ferritin-like proteins in their interior. The formation of iron-oxo particles in all these compartments requires a series of steps including recruitment of iron, translocation, oxidation, nucleation, and storage, that are mediated by ferroxidase centers. Thus, compartmentalized iron oxide biomineralization yields uniform nanoparticles strictly determined by the sizes of the compartments, allowing customization for highly diverse nanotechnological applications.
authors.affiliation: Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV)/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (EHU), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 48940 Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain; Cooperative Research Center (CIC) nanoGUNE Consolider, E-20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain; University of Roskilde, Department of Nature, Systems and Models, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark. Electronic address: kzeth@ruc.dk.
authors.forename: Kornelius
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zeth
authors.affiliation: University of Sheffield, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: Egbert
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoiczyk
authors.affiliation: IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain; Cooperative Research Center (CIC) nanoGUNE Consolider, E-20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okuda
mesh_terms: D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D008903:Minerals; C000499:ferric oxide; D005293:Ferritins; D002570:Ceruloplasmin
keywords: Dps; biomineralization; encapsulin; ferritin; nanobiotechnology