title: Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in genital samples collected over 6 years at a Serbian university hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are implicated in a wide array of infectious diseases in adults and children. Since some species have innate or acquired resistance to certain types of antibiotics, antibiotic susceptibility testing of mycoplasma isolated from the urogenital tract assumes increasing importance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in genital samples collected between 2007 and 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and seventy three patients presenting with symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases, infertility or risky sexual behaviour, who had not taken antibiotics in the previous 6 weeks and had ≥10 WBC per high power field on genital smears were studied. Urethral samples were taken in men and endocervical samples in women. The mycoplasma IST-2 kit was used for organism identification and for testing susceptibility to doxycycline, josamycin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin and pristinamycin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  U. urealyticum was isolated from 42 patients and M. hominis from 11 patients. From 9.8% of isolates, both organisms were grown. All M. hominis isolates were resistant to tetracycline, clarithromycin and erythromycin while U. urealyticum was highly resistant to clarithromycin (94.6%), tetracycline (86.5%), ciprofloxacin (83.8%) and erythromycin (83.8%). M. hominis was sensitive to doxycycline (83.3%) and ofloxacin (66.7%) while most U. urealyticum strains were sensitive to doxycycline (94.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inability of the commercial kit used in the study to detect other potentially pathogenic urogenital mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma parvum, Mycoplasma genitalium).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is significant resistance of U. urealyticum and M. hominis to tetracycline and macrolides. The most active tetracycline for genital mycoplasmas was found to be doxycycline, which continues to be the drug of first choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatovenereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade; Clinic of Dermatovenereology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skiljevic
authors.forename: Damjan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mirkov
authors.forename: Jelica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vukicevic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000382:microbiology; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000382:microbiology; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019535:Mycoplasma hominis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents