title: Brominated, chlorinated and mixed brominated/chlorinated persistent organic pollutants in European eels (Anquilla anquilla) from Latvian lakes.
abstract: Fifty-eight European eel (Anquilla anquilla) specimens collected from five Latvian lakes were investigated for six groups of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated, polybrominated and mixed bromo-chloro dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/DFs, PBDD/DFs and PXDD/DFs), polychlorinated and mixed bromo-chloro biphenyls (PCBs and PXBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PCDD/DFs and PCBs were found to occur in the range 0.85-15.8 pg Total-WHO2005-TEQ g(-1) f.w., and concentrations in most of the samples were below the maximum levels specified in European Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1259/2011. The summed concentrations of 27 PBDEs (∑PBDE) and 16 non-dioxin-like PCBs (∑NDL-PCB) were in the ranges of 0.28-26.7 and 6.37-320 ng g(-1) f.w., respectively. PBDD/DFs, PXDD/DFs and PXBs show average upper-bound concentrations of 0.05, 0.06 and 0.01 pg TEQ f.w. and collectively contributed 3.4% to the sum TEQ of dioxin-like compounds. The highest contaminant concentrations were measured in samples from lakes near the Baltic Sea and the industrialised area near Riga (Liepajas and Kisezers lakes). A correlation of POP concentration with the length of collected specimens was observed.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Food and Environmental Investigations , Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment (BIOR) , Riga , Latvia.
authors.forename: Dzintars
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zacs
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Food and Environmental Investigations , Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment (BIOR) , Riga , Latvia.
authors.forename: Jekaterina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rjabova
authors.affiliation: b Food Quality and Safety , The Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA - Fera Science Ltd) , York , UK.
authors.forename: Alwyn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Food and Environmental Investigations , Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment (BIOR) , Riga , Latvia.|c Department of Chemistry , University of Latvia , Riga , Latvia.
authors.forename: Vadims
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bartkevics
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004524:Eels; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
keywords: European eels (Anquilla Anquilla); Latvian lakes; PBDD/Fs; POPs; mixed halogenated dioxins and biphenyls