title: Phosphate-solubility and phosphatase activity in Gangetic alluvial soil as influenced by organophosphate insecticide residues.
abstract: An experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to investigate the effect of four organophosphate insecticides, viz. monocrotophos, profenophos, quinalphos and triazophos at their field application rates (0.75, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.6 kg a.i.ha(-1), respectively), on the growth and activities of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in relation to availability of insoluble phosphates in the Gangetic alluvial soil of West Bengal, India. The proliferation of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms was highly induced with profenophos (38.3%), while monocrotophos exerted maximum stimulation (20.8%) towards the solubility of insoluble phosphates in soil. The phosphatase activities of the soil (both acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase) were significantly increased due to the incorporation of the insecticides in general, and the augmentation was more pronounced with quinalphos (43.1%) followed by profenophos (27.6%) for acid phosphatase, and with monocrotophos (25.2%) followed by profenophos (16.1%) for alkaline phosphatase activity in soil. The total phosphorus was highly retained by triazophos (19.9%) followed by monocrotophos (16.5%), while incorporation of triazophos and quinalphos manifested greater availability of water soluble phosphorus in soil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India.
authors.forename: Shyam Prasad
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Majumder
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India. Electronic address: acdas2@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Amal Chandra
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D007194:India; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008999:Monocrotophos / Q000494:pharmacology; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000633:toxicity*; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000494:pharmacology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010755:Organophosphates; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010710:Phosphates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C009145:quinalphos; D010758:Phosphorus; D008999:Monocrotophos; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
keywords: Available phosphorus; Organophosphate insecticides; Phosphatase activity; Phosphate solubility; Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms