title: Coexistence of squamous cell tracheal papilloma and carcinoma treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Papillomatosis presents, most frequently, as multiple lesions of the respiratory tract, which are usually considered benign. Malignant degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma is quite common, although curative approaches vary a lot in modern literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a 66-year-old male patient with the coexistence of multiple squamous cell papilloma and carcinoma in the upper trachea with severe airway obstruction that was diagnosed through bronchoscopy and treated by performing an urgent tracheostomy, followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There was no evidence of recurrence after a 12-month follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study underlines the diagnostic and therapeutic value of bronchoscopy as well as multimodality palliative treatment in such cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe an immediate treatment protocol with tracheostomy and concurrent chemotherapy/radiotherapy in a patient with squamous cell tracheal papilloma and carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paliouras
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Apostolos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gogakos
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rallis
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Fotios
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chatzinikolaou
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Asteriou
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tagarakis
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Organtzis
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Kosmas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsakiridis
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Drosos
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsavlis
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zissimopoulos
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kioumis
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic I, "Fuerth" Hospital, University of Erlangen, Fuerth, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hohenforst-Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zarogoulidis
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zarogoulidis
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, AHEPA University Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barbetakis
keywords: papilloma; squamous cell carcinoma; trachea