title: Late midlife C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in middle aged danish men in relation to body size history within and across generations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to estimate the effects of ponderal index at birth and body mass index (BMI) in early adulthood on C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and to quantify the effects through subsequent measures of body size. In a subanalysis, the contributions of maternal BMI to the inflammatory status of offspring were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was based on 2,986 Danish males from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank. Path analysis was employed to estimate direct and indirect effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 10% higher maternal BMI was associated with 7% higher CRP and 3% higher IL-6 among offspring. A 10% higher ponderal index at birth was associated with 4% lower CRP in late midlife; this effect was only partially mediated by later growth. A 10% higher BMI in early adulthood was associated with 8% higher CRP and 4% higher IL-6 in late midlife. The findings suggest that weight gain in adulthood is associated with low-grade inflammation in late midlife.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ponderal index at birth is associated with CRP in later life independently of adult BMI. The findings additionally suggest that preventing weight gain in early adulthood would be beneficial for inflammatory status in later life.
authors.affiliation: Section of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jolene Masters
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.affiliation: Section of Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Esben
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Budtz-Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Section of Environmental Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik Lykke
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Helle
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bruunsgaard
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Merete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osler
authors.affiliation: University of Copenhagen, and Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.|The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.|MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol University, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Thorkild I A
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.affiliation: Section of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Copenhagen Stress Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Naja Hulvej
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Rod
authors.affiliation: Section of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rikke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lund
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size / Q000235:genetics*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D015430:Weight Gain; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein