title: Future Prospects for the Total Artificial Heart.
abstract: A total artificial heart (TAH) is the sole remaining option for patients with biventricular failure who cannot be rescued by left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) alone. However, the pulsatile TAH in clinical use today has limitations: large pump size, unknown durability, required complex anticoagulation regimen, and association with significant postsurgical complications. That pump is noisy; its large pneumatic driving lines traverse the body, with bulky external components for its drivers. Continuous-flow pumps, which caused a paradigm shift in the LVAD field, have already contributed to the rapidly evolving development of TAHs. Novel continuous-flow TAHs are only in preclinical testing or developmental stages. We here review the current state of TAHs, with recommended requirements for the TAH of the future.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Gengo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sunagawa
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Jamshid H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Karimov
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.|b Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Cardiac Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support, Miller Family Heart and Vascular Institute , Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moazami
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukamachi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006333:Heart Failure; D006354:Heart, Artificial / Q000191:economics; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Artificial heart; Continuous flow; Heart failure; Heart transplantation; Pulsatile flow; Ventricular assist device