title: Transcriptome analysis of soiny mullet (Liza haematocheila) spleen in response to Streptococcus dysgalactiae.
abstract: Soiny mullet (Liza haematocheila) is becoming an economically important aquaculture mugilid species in China and other Asian countries. However, increasing incidences of bacterial pathogenic diseases has greatly hampered the production of the soiny mullet. Deeper understanding of the soiny mullet immune system and its related genes in response to bacterial infections are necessary for disease control in this species. In this study, the transcriptomic profile of spleen from soiny mullet challenged with Streptococcus dysgalactiae was analyzed by Illumina-based paired-end sequencing method. After assembly, 86,884 unique transcript fragments (unigenes) were assembled, with an average length of 991 bp. Approximately 41,795 (48.1%) unigenes were annotated in the nr NCBI database and 57.9% of the unigenes were similar to that of the Nile tilapia. A total of 24,299 unigenes were categorized into three Gene Ontology (GO) categories (molecular function, cellular component and biological process), 13,570 unigenes into 25 functional Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG) categories, and 30,547 unigenes were grouped into 258 known pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Following S. dysgalactiae infection, 11,461 differentially expressed unigenes were identified including 4658 up-regulated unigenes and 6803 down-regulated unigenes. Significant enrichment analysis of these differentially expressed unigenes identified major immune related pathways, including the Toll-like receptor, complement and coagulation cascades, T cell receptor signaling pathway and B cell receptor signaling pathway. In addition, 24,813 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 127,503 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified from the mullet spleen transcriptome. To this date, this study has globally analyzed the transcriptome profile from the spleen of L. haematocheila after S. dysgalactiae infection. Therefore, the results of our study contributes to better on the immune system and defense mechanisms of soiny mullet in response to bacterial infection, and provides valuable references for related studies in mugilidae species which currently lack genomic reference.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool in Jiangsu Province, Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China. Electronic address: qizhitao@ycit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhitao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437100, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool in Jiangsu Province, Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China.
authors.forename: Qihuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Autonomous Region, 530004, China.
authors.forename: Youchuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool in Jiangsu Province, Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China.
authors.forename: Zisheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool in Jiangsu Province, Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool in Jiangsu Province, Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool in Jiangsu Province, Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China. Electronic address: gaoqian@ihb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000662:veterinary; D063990:Gene Ontology; D007107:Immune System; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D015398:Signal Transduction; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000276:immunology; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins
keywords: Immune mechanism; Infection; Liza haematocheila; Spleen; Streptococcus dysgalactiae; Transcriptome