title: Chemogenetic inhibition of cells in the paramedian midbrain tegmentum increases locomotor activity in rats.
abstract: Pronounced hyperactivity can be produced by lesions or pharmacological inhibition of cells in the median raphe nucleus (MR) located in the paramedian midbrain tegmentum. In the current study we examined whether a similar effect can be seen after chemogenetic inhibition of cells in this region using the DREADD (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) approach. We found that the DREADD ligand clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) increased locomotor activity in animals expressing the inhibitory DREADD hM4Di, but not those injected with a control virus in the MR. The effect was of rapid onset and short duration and persisted for at least four months after virus injections. Histological examination of the brains indicated that labeled fibers followed the known projection patterns of the MR to a variety of forebrain and midbrain structures. These findings confirm the role of the MR region in the control of locomotion and suggest that the DREADD technique may be a useful approach to the study of the functional architecture of this complex area. Methodological and interpretive aspects of DREADD studies are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Psychology (m/c 285), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7137, USA. Electronic address: davew@uic.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wirtshafter
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Psychology (m/c 285), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7137, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Stratford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003024:Clozapine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013681:Tegmentum Mesencephali / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003024:Clozapine; C079149:clozapine N-oxide
keywords: Feeding, Dorsal tegmental nucleus; Habenula; Nucleus centralis superior; Pharmacogenetic; hm4di