title: Long term recurrence, pain and patient satisfaction after ventral hernia mesh repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare long term outcomes of laparoscopic and open ventral hernia mesh repair with respect to recurrence, pain and satisfaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a single-centre follow-up study of 194 consecutive patients after laparoscopic and open ventral hernia mesh repair between March 2000 and June 2010. Of these, 27 patients (13.9%) died and 12 (6.2%) failed to attend their follow-up appointment. One hundred and fifty-three (78.9%) patients attended for follow-up and two patients (1.0%) were interviewed by telephone. Of those who attended the follow-up appointment, 82 (52.9%) patients had received laparoscopic ventral hernia mesh repair (LVHR) while 73 (47.1%) patients had undergone open ventral hernia mesh repair (OVHR), including 11 conversions. The follow-up study included analyses of medical records, clinical interviews, examination of hernia recurrence and assessment of pain using a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) ruler anchored by word descriptors. Overall patient satisfaction was also determined. Patients with signs of recurrence were examined by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median time from hernia mesh repair to follow-up was 48 and 52 mo after LVHR and OVHR respectively. Overall recurrence rates were 17.1% after LVHR and 23.3% after OVHR. Recurrence after LVHR was associated with higher body mass index. Smoking was associated with recurrence after OVHR. Chronic pain (VAS > 30 mm) was reported by 23.5% in the laparoscopic cohort and by 27.8% in the open surgery cohort. Recurrence and late complications were predictors of chronic pain after LVHR. Smoking was associated with chronic pain after OVHR. Sixty point five percent were satisfied with the outcome after LVHR and 49.3% after OVHR. Predictors for satisfaction were absence of chronic pain and recurrence. Old age and short time to follow-up also predicted satisfaction after LVHR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LVHR and OVHR give similar long term results for recurrence, pain and overall satisfaction. Chronic pain is frequent and is therefore important for explaining dissatisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Odd Langbach, Ola Røkke, Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Akershus, Norway.
authors.forename: Odd
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Langbach
authors.affiliation: Odd Langbach, Ola Røkke, Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Akershus, Norway.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bukholm
authors.affiliation: Odd Langbach, Ola Røkke, Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Akershus, Norway.
authors.forename: Jūratė Šaltytė
authors.initials: JŠ
authors.lastname: Benth
authors.affiliation: Odd Langbach, Ola Røkke, Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Akershus, Norway.
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Røkke
keywords: Female; Hernia; Herniorrhaphy/methods; Laparoscopy; Male; Pain; Patient satisfaction; Postoperative complications/epidemiology; Recurrence; Ventral/surgery