title: Mild cognitive impairment is associated with falls among older adults: Findings from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on falls among older adults remains under-investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between MCI and number of falls or occurrence of non-accidental falls among older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the first wave of the Irish longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) was analysed. The analytical sample consisted of 5364 individuals aged ≥ 50 years. MCI was defined as: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score<26; the presence of subjective cognitive complaints; Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 14; and no limitations in activities of daily living (ADL). Multivariable Poisson and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between MCI and number of falls or the presence of non-accidental falls in the past 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MCI was 10.1%. In the fully-adjusted model, MCI was associated with a higher rate of falls (PR=1.41 95%CI=1.05-1.89) and odds for non-accidental falls in the past 12 months (OR=1.67 95%CI=1.07-2.61). Muscle strength and performance indicators, and medical health conditions were influential factors in the association between MCI and falls but did not fully explain the association.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MCI is related with higher rates of falls and the occurrence of non-accidental falls among older adults. Future studies are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanism linking MCI and falls, and to establish interventions targeting MCI to reduce the risk of falls.
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: s.tyrovolas@pssjd.org.
authors.forename: Stefanos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tyrovolas
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain.
authors.forename: Ziggi Ivan
authors.initials: ZI
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.affiliation: Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haro
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Falls; Gait speed; Mild cognitive impairment; Muscle strength