title: Roles of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 in tumors.
abstract: Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1, also known as CD91), a multifunctional endocytic and cell signaling receptor, is widely expressed on the surface of multiple cell types such as hepatocytes, fibroblasts, neurons, astrocytes, macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and malignant cells. Emerging in vitro and in vivo evidence demonstrates that LRP1 is critically involved in many processes that drive tumorigenesis and tumor progression. For example, LRP1 not only promotes tumor cell migration and invasion by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression and functions but also inhibits cell apoptosis by regulating the insulin receptor, the serine/threonine protein kinase signaling pathway, and the expression of Caspase-3. LRP1-mediated phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway and c-jun N-terminal kinase are also involved in tumor cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, LRP1 has been shown to be down-regulated by microRNA-205 and methylation of LRP1 CpG islands. Furthermore, a novel fusion gene, LRP1-SNRNP25, promotes osteosarcoma cell invasion and migration. Only by understanding the mechanisms of these effects can we develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancers mediated by LRP1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Peipei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Zhichao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Zhiwu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Fengju
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Guowen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Kexin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.|National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. yangjilong@tjmuch.com.
authors.forename: Jilong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019175:DNA Methylation; D018450:Disease Progression; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C475476:LRP1 protein, human; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9