title: Association of plasmacytoid dendritic cells with B cell infiltration in minor salivary glands in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease with features of both over-production of specific autoantibodies and organ-specific disorders, mainly sialadenitis and dacryoadenitis. However, little is known about the factors that contribute to lymphocytic infiltration of SS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Minor salivary gland (MSG) tissue was obtained from 83 patients with primary SS (pSS) and 95 patients with secondary SS and examined pathologically, and correlation between infiltrated immune cells and histological features was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were increased in MSG of SS compared to Sicca syndrome. The density of pDCs was characteristically correlated with the accumulation of CXCL13(+)CD68(+) macrophages and CXCR5(+)CD19(+) B in the MSG of pSS. In vitro analysis indicated that Type I interferon (IFN) enhanced CXCL13 production by macrophages. Type I IFN was mainly expressed in pDCs and its expression was correlated with the accumulation of CXCL13(+) macrophages in the MSG of pSS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our histological findings suggest the possible mechanism of type I IFN-CXCL13 axis during the pathological processes of acute/chronic salivary inflammation in SS; local production of type I IFN by pDCs, induction of CXCL13 production in macrophages by type I IFN, induction of accumulation of CXCR5(+)CD19(+) B cells by CXCL13 in the MSG.
authors.affiliation: a The First Department of Internal Medicine and.
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a The First Department of Internal Medicine and.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: a The First Department of Internal Medicine and.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakayamada
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathology and Cell Biology , University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Fukuoka , Japan , and.
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimajiri
authors.affiliation: a The First Department of Internal Medicine and.
authors.forename: Xiangmei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: c Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , Keio University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.affiliation: a The First Department of Internal Medicine and.
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13 / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012470:Salivary Glands, Minor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; C110663:CXCL13 protein, human; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13
keywords: B cells; CXCL13; Macrophages; Plasmacytoid dendritic cells; Sjogren’s syndrome