title: Improving the Prediction of Prostate Cancer Overall Survival by Supplementing Readily Available Clinical Data with Gene Expression Levels of IGFBP3 and F3 in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded Core Needle Biopsy Material.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A previously reported expression signature of three genes (IGFBP3, F3 and VGLL3) was shown to have potential prognostic value in estimating overall and cancer-specific survivals at diagnosis of prostate cancer in a pilot cohort study using freshly frozen Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out a new cohort study with 241 prostate cancer patients diagnosed from 2004-2007 with a follow-up exceeding 6 years in order to verify the prognostic value of gene expression signature in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) prostate core needle biopsy tissue samples. The cohort consisted of four patient groups with different survival times and death causes. A four multiplex one-step RT-qPCR test kit, designed and optimized for measuring the expression signature in FFPE core needle biopsy samples, was used. In archive FFPE biopsy samples the expression differences of two genes (IGFBP3 and F3) were measured. The survival time predictions using the current clinical parameters only, such as age at diagnosis, Gleason score, PSA value and tumor stage, and clinical parameters supplemented with the expression levels of IGFBP3 and F3, were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When combined with currently used clinical parameters, the gene expression levels of IGFBP3 and F3 are improving the prediction of survival time as compared to using clinical parameters alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The assessment of IGFBP3 and F3 gene expression levels in FFPE prostate cancer tissue would provide an improved survival prediction for prostate cancer patients at the time of diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Chundsell Medicals AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Zhuochun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Ridgeview Instruments AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dethlefsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Setia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pramana
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Yudi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pawitan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nistér
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Clinical Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Clinical Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.|Chundsell Medicals AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Chunde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D062005:Biopsy, Large-Core Needle; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016612:Paraffin Embedding / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000235:genetics*; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C515497:IGFBP3 protein, human; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D005557:Formaldehyde; D013925:Thromboplastin