title: Enamel organ proteins as targets for antibodies in celiac disease: implications for oral health.
abstract: Enamel defects in permanent and deciduous teeth may be oral manifestations of celiac disease. Sometimes they are the only sign that points to this underdiagnosed autoimmune pathology. However, the etiology of these specific enamel defects remains unknown. Based on previously reported cross-reactivity of antibodies to gliadin with the enamel proteins, amelogenin and ameloblastin, we analyzed (using immunohistochemistry) the ability of anti-gliadin IgG, produced during untreated disease, to recognize enamel organ structures. We used swine germ teeth as a tissue model because they are highly homologous to human teeth in terms of proteins and development biology. Strong staining of the enamel matrix and of the layer of ameloblasts was observed with serum samples from women with celiac disease; high IgG reactivity was found against both gliadin peptides and enamel matrix protein extract, but there was no IgG reactivity against tissue antigens. In line with these findings, the gamma globulin fraction from gliadin-immunized BALB/c mice showed a similar staining pattern to that of amelogenin-specific staining. These results strongly suggest a pathological role for antibodies to gliadin in enamel defect dentition for both deciduous and permanent teeth, considering that IgG can be transported through the placenta during fetal tooth development.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias -Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.|Escuela Universitaria de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sóñora
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias -Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arbildi
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias -Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Camejo
authors.affiliation: Servicio y Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica General y Bucomaxilofacial, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Beovide
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias -Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias -Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández
mesh_terms: D000565:Ameloblasts; D053523:Amelogenin; D000818:Animals; D002446:Celiac Disease; D003743:Dental Enamel; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D004658:Enamel Organ; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009909:Oral Health; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D053523:Amelogenin; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins
keywords: amelogenin; antibodies; celiac disease; enamel organ; gliadin