title: Silver nanoparticles affect glucose metabolism in hepatoma cells through production of reactive oxygen species.
abstract: The silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is a candidate for anticancer therapy because of its effects on cell survival and signaling. Although numerous reports are available regarding their effect on cell death, the effect of AgNPs on metabolism is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of AgNPs on glucose metabolism in hepatoma cell lines. Lactate release from both HepG2 and Huh7 cells was reduced with 5 nm AgNPs as early as 1 hour after treatment, when cell death did not occur. Treatment with 5 nm AgNPs decreased glucose consumption in HepG2 cells but not in Huh7 cells. Treatment with 5 nm AgNPs reduced nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 expression in both cell types without affecting its activation at the early time points after AgNPs' treatment. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected 1 hour after 5 nm AgNPs' treatment, and lactate release was restored in the presence of an ROS scavenger. Our results suggest that 5 nm AgNPs affect glucose metabolism by producing ROS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hangoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyongmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In-Hong
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019344:Lactic Acid; D012834:Silver; D005947:Glucose
keywords: carbohydrate metabolism; cytotoxicity; lactic acid; metal nanoparticles