title: Modulatory roles of microRNAs in the regulation of different signalling pathways in large bowel cancer stem cells.
abstract: There are emerging data to suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) have significant roles in regulating the function of normal cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs). This review aims to analyse the roles of miRNAs in the regulation of colon CSCs through their interaction with various signalling pathways. Studies showed a large number of miRNAs that are reported to be deregulated in colon CSCs. However, few of the studies available were able to outline the function of miRNAs in colon CSCs and uncover their signalling pathways. From those miRNAs, which are better described, miR-21 followed by miR-34, miR-200 and miR-215 are the most reported miRNAs to have roles in colon CSC regulation. In particular, miRNAs have been reported to regulate the stemness features of colon CSCs mainly via Wnt/B-catenin and Notch signalling pathways. Additionally, miRNAs have been reported to act on processes involving CSCs through cell cycle regulation genes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The relative paucity of data available on the significance of miRNAs in CSCs means that new studies will be of great importance to determine their roles and to identify the signalling pathways through which they operate. Such studies may in future guide further research to target these genes for more effective cancer treatment. miRNAs were shown to regulate the function of cancer stem cells in large bowel cancer by targeting a few key signalling pathways in cells.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.|Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Iraq.
authors.forename: Afraa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mamoori
authors.affiliation: Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gopalan
authors.affiliation: Genomics Research Centre, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert Anthony
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Alfred King-Yin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Cancer stem cells; Colon cancer; microRNA