title: Mobile Technology for Improved Family Planning (MOTIF): the development of a mobile phone-based (mHealth) intervention to support post-abortion family planning (PAFP) in Cambodia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this paper is to outline the formative research process used to develop the MOTIF mobile phone-based (mHealth) intervention to support post-abortion family planning in Cambodia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The formative research process involved literature reviews, interviews and focus group discussions with clients, and consultation with clinicians and organisations implementing mHealth activities in Cambodia. This process led to the development of a conceptual framework and the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Key findings from the formative research included identification of the main reasons for non-use of contraception and patterns of mobile phone use in Cambodia. We drew on components of existing interventions and behaviour change theory to develop a conceptual framework. A multi-faceted voice-based intervention was designed to address health concerns and other key determinants of contraception use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formative research was essential in order to develop an appropriate mHealth intervention to support post-abortion contraception in Cambodia. Each component of the formative research contributed to the final intervention design.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1 7HT, UK. christopher.smith@lshtm.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Marie Stopes International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Uk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Vannak
authors.affiliation: Marie Stopes International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Ly
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sokhey
authors.affiliation: Research, Monitoring and Evaluation Team, Marie Stopes International, London, UK.
authors.forename: Thoai D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Independant Consultant, London, UK.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1 7HT, UK.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Free
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D035841:Behavioral Research / Q000379:methods*; D002160:Cambodia; D040421:Cell Phone; D003268:Contraception Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D003906:Developing Countries; D005193:Family Planning Services / Q000193:education; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011204:Poverty Areas; D011247:Pregnancy; D011275:Pregnancy, Unwanted / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D012107:Research Design; D057566:Self Report; D017216:Telemedicine