title: Development and Preliminary Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale for Breast Cancer Related to Chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop and preliminarily evaluate the reliability and validity of the Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale-Breast Cancer (SMSES-BC) related to chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included three stages. This paper presents the results of stage 2 and stage 3. In total, 34 items in the SMSES-BC were found during stage 1 from qualitative findings, a literature review, and expert suggestions; the 34 items were used for the psychometric properties test. Test-retest reliability and Cronbach α were assessed in the first sample, which included 45 participants for the pilot test (stage 2). The second sample, which included 152 patients, was used to assess the construct validity and concurrent validity (stage 3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pilot test results revealed a test-retest reliability of .73 (p < .001) and Cronbach α coefficient of .96 for the total scale. Three factors (managing chemotherapy-related symptoms, acquiring problem solving, and managing emotional and interpersonal disturbances) were identified from exploratory factor analysis. Correlation coefficient r was .40 (p < .001), which supported the association between SMSES-BC and the General Self-Efficacy Scale for concurrent validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study results demonstrate acceptable reliability and validity for the SMSES-BC that was developed for measuring symptom-management self-efficacy related to chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer. This study suggests further research to validate the construct of the SMSES-BC.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: shuyuan@ntunhs.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Shu-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiu-Ya
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: drug therapy; neoplasms; self care; self efficacy; signs and symptoms