title: PD-L1-specific T cells.
abstract: Recently, there has been an increased focus on the immune checkpoint protein PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 due to the discovery that blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway with monoclonal antibodies elicits striking clinical results in many different malignancies. We have described naturally occurring PD-L1-specific T cells that recognize both PD-L1-expressing immune cells and malignant cells. Thus, PD-L1-specific T cells have the ability to modulate adaptive immune reactions by reacting to regulatory cells. Thus, utilization of PD-L1-derived T cell epitopes may represent an attractive vaccination strategy for targeting the tumor microenvironment and for boosting the clinical effects of additional anticancer immunotherapy. This review summarizes present information about PD-L1 as a T cell antigen, depicts the initial findings about the function of PD-L1-specific T cells in the adjustment of immune responses, and discusses future opportunities.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Shamaila Munir
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Troels Holz
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Borch
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark. mads.hald.andersen@regionh.dk.|Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. mads.hald.andersen@regionh.dk.
authors.forename: Mads Hald
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
keywords: Anti-Tregs; CITIM 2015; Cancer vaccines; PD-L1; PD-L1-specific T cells