title: Visual Detection of Multiplex MicroRNAs Using Cationic Conjugated Polymer Materials.
abstract: A simple, visual, and specific method for simultaneous detection of multiplex microRNAs (miRNAs) has been developed by integrating duplex-specific nuclease (DSN)-induced amplification with cationic conjugated polymer (CCP) materials. The probe DNA with a complementary sequence to target miRNA is labeled with fluorescein dye (FAM). Without target miRNA, the single-strand DNA probe cannot be digested by DSN. Upon adding CCPs, efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from CCP to FAM occurs owing to strong electrostatic interactions between CCP and the DNA probe. In the presence of target miRNA, the DNA probe hybridizes with target miRNA followed by digestion to small nucleotide fragments by DSN; meanwhile, the miRNA is released and subsequently interacts again with the probe, resulting in the cycled digestion of the DNA probe. In this case, weak electrostatic interactions between oligonucleotide fragments and CCP lead to inefficient FRET from CCP to FAM. Thus, by triggering the FRET signal from CCP to FAM, miRNA can be specially detected, and the fluorescence color change based on FRET can be visualized directly with the naked eye under an UV lamp. Furthermore, an energy transfer cascade can be designed using CCP and DNA probes labeled at the 5'-terminus with FAM and Cy3 dyes, and the multistep FRET processes offer the ability of simultaneous detection of multiplex miRNAs.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiangyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Likun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yingcun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shengliang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yongqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D015342:DNA Probes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000737:chemistry; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D015342:DNA Probes; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D035683:MicroRNAs; D011108:Polymers; D019793:Fluorescein
keywords: FRET; cationic conjugated polymer; microRNA; multiplex detection; visual detection