title: Disinfection of titanium dioxide nanotubes using super-oxidized water decrease bacterial viability without disrupting osteoblast behavior.
abstract: Amorphous titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (NTs) on Ti6Al4V alloy were synthesized by anodization using a commercially available super-oxidized water (SOW). The NT surfaces were sterilized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and disinfected using SOW. The adhesion and cellular morphology of pig periosteal osteoblast (PPO) cells and the behavior of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cultured on the sterilized and disinfected surfaces were investigated. A non-anodized Ti6Al4V disc sterilized by UV irradiation (without SOW) was used as control. The results of this study reveal that the adhesion, morphology and filopodia development of PPO cells in NTs are dramatically improved, suggesting that SOW cleaning may not disrupt the benefits obtained by NTs. Significantly decreased bacterial viability in NTs after cleaning with SOW and comparing with non-cleaned NTs was seen. The results suggest that UV and SOW could be a recommendable method for implant sterilization and disinfection without altering osteoblast behavior while decreasing bacterial viability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Dentistry Mexicali, Autonomous University of Baja California, Av. Zotoluca and Chinampas St., 21040 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico; Department of Corrosion and Materials, Engineering Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juarez and Normal St., 21280 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beltrán-Partida
authors.affiliation: Department of Corrosion and Materials, Engineering Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juarez and Normal St., 21280 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. Electronic address: benval@uabc.edu.mx.
authors.forename: Benjamín
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Valdez-Salas
authors.affiliation: Department of Corrosion and Materials, Engineering Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juarez and Normal St., 21280 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Escamilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Corrosion and Materials, Engineering Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juarez and Normal St., 21280 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Curiel
authors.affiliation: Ixchel Medical Centre, Av. Bravo y Obregón, 21000 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valdez-Salas
authors.affiliation: Department of Corrosion and Materials, Engineering Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd. Benito Juarez and Normal St., 21280 Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nedev
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Metallurgical Research, CSIC, Av. Gregorio del Amo 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bastidas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004203:Disinfection; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Bacterial viability; Nanostructures; Sterilization; Super-oxidized water; Titanium