title: Multisite-specific archaeosine tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT) from Thermoplasma acidophilum, a thermo-acidophilic archaeon.
abstract: Archaeosine (G(+)), which is found only at position 15 in many archaeal tRNA, is formed by two steps, the replacement of the guanine base with preQ0 by archaeosine tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT) and the subsequent modification of preQ0 to G(+) by archaeosine synthase. However, tRNA(Leu) from Thermoplasma acidophilum, a thermo-acidophilic archaeon, exceptionally has two G(+)13 and G(+)15 modifications. In this study, we focused on the biosynthesis mechanism of G(+)13 and G(+)15 modifications in this tRNA(Leu). Purified ArcTGT from Pyrococcus horikoshii, for which the tRNA recognition mechanism and structure were previously characterized, exchanged only the G15 base in a tRNA(Leu) transcript with (14)C-guanine. In contrast, T. acidophilum cell extract exchanged both G13 and G15 bases. Because T. acidophilum ArcTGT could not be expressed as a soluble protein in Escherichia coli, we employed an expression system using another thermophilic archaeon, Thermococcus kodakarensis. The arcTGT gene in T. kodakarensis was disrupted, complemented with the T. acidophilum arcTGT gene, and tRNA(Leu) variants were expressed. Mass spectrometry analysis of purified tRNA(Leu) variants revealed the modifications of G(+)13 and G(+)15 in the wild-type tRNA(Leu). Thus, T. acidophilum ArcTGT has a multisite specificity and is responsible for the formation of both G(+)13 and G(+)15 modifications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Tenjin 1-5-1, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nameki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokogawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan hori@eng.ehime-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
mesh_terms: D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D043902:Pyrococcus horikoshii / Q000201:enzymology; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics*; D013822:Thermoplasma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D014166:Transferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; C023176:transglycosidase enzyme system; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D014166:Transferases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases