title: Cemented or cementless humeral fixation in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty? a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To date, there is insufficient evidence available to compare the outcome of cemented and uncemented fixation of the humeral stem in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A systemic review comprising 41 clinical studies was performed to compare the functional outcome and rate of complications of cemented and uncemented stems in RSA. These included 1455 cemented and 329 uncemented shoulders. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were similar. Variables were compared using pooled frequency-weighted means and relative risk ratios (RR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uncemented stems had a significantly higher incidence of early humeral stem migration (p < 0.001, RR 18.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.0 to 65.2) and non-progressive radiolucent lines (p < 0.001, RR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7 to 3.4), but a significantly lower incidence of post-operative fractures of the acromion compared with cemented stems (p = 0.004, RR 14.3, 95% CI 0.9 to 232.8). There was no difference in the risk of stem loosening or revision between the groups. The cemented stems had a greater relative risk of infection (RR 3.3, 95% CI 0.8 to 13.7), nerve injury (RR 5.7, 95% CI 0.7 to 41.5) and thromboembolism (RR 3.9, 95% CI 0.2 to 66.6). The functional outcome and range of movement were equivalent in the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RSA performed with an uncemented stem gives them equivalent functional outcome and a better complication profile than with a cemented stem. The natural history and clinical relevance of early stem migration and radiolucent lines found with uncemented stems requires further long-term study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that uncemented stems have at least equivalent clinical and radiographic outcomes compared with cemented stems when used for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Preston Road, Brighton, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Phadnis
authors.affiliation: The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R., China.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Repatriation General Hospital, B-Block, Level 1, 216 Daws Road, Daw Park Adelaide, South, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.affiliation: Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Bain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000379:methods*; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012784:Shoulder Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements
keywords: Reverse shoulder; arthroplasty; cemented; complications; fixation; outcomes; uncemented