title: Sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: incidence rate, risk factors and its effect on survival risk.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sarcopenia is a degenerative syndrome mainly characterized by the atrophy of skeletal muscle, along with the decrease of muscle strength and function. However, there are currently few studies concerning sarcopenia in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis dialysis (MHD). This study was aimed to investigate the incidence of sarcopenia in MHD patients and its influencing factors, as well as its impact on survival risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 131 MHD patients enrolled in our study were tested with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and grip strength. Demographic data was collected and anthropometric measurement and laboratory examination were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total incidence of sarcopenia within the 131 MHD patients was 13.7% and the incidence of sarcopenia in patients over 60 years was 33.3%. The dialysis duration, with or without diabetes, serum phosphorus and pre-albumin levels of sarcopenic patients were significantly different from those of non-sarcopenicones; the modified quantitative subjective global assessment (MQSGA) scores of sarcopenic patients were higher than those without sarcopenia. Multivariate analysis showed that dialysis duration, diabetes and serum phosphorus level were independent risk factors for sarcopenia in MHD patients. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a one-year survival of 88.9% in sarcopenic patients, which was significantly lower than non-sarcopenic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of sarcopenia in MHD patients was high and increased gradually with age. Dialysis duration, diabetes, serum phosphorus level and malnutrition predisposed the patients to sarcopenia. One-year follow-up found that the mortality risk of sarcopenic patients was higher than that of non-sarcopenic patients.
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Second Military Medical University, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Hongqi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Second Military Medical University, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Dehua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Second Military Medical University, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Fengyu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Second Military Medical University, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: a National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Second Military Medical University, Nanjing University School of Medicine , Nanjing , China.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000401:mortality*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus
keywords: Hemodialysis; incidence; risk factor; sarcopenia; survival risk