title: Female genital mutilation/cutting: risk management and strategies for social workers and health care professionals.
abstract: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a traditional practice originating in Africa. Its worst forms cause irreparable harm to girls and women and have no medical justification. Based on a literature review of global responses to FGM/C and conversations with Australian women who migrated from FGM/C practicing countries, this paper provides some background on FGM/C and its epidemiology, outlining its prevalence, types, and health risks and complications for women and girls. It discusses risk-prevention strategies, first, for health practitioners in identifying, screening, and supporting women affected by FGM/C and, second, for welfare and social workers and health care professionals to identify, work with, and prevent girls from being cut. Consistent with international trends in addressing the risks of FGM/C, the paper suggests practice responses for coordinated responses between professionals, communities from practicing countries, and governments of different countries.
authors.affiliation: School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costello
keywords: child protection; female circumcision; female genital cutting; female genital mutilation; risk management