title: HYPERGLYCEMIA MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH POSTTRANSPLANTATION DIABETES.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Posttransplantation diabetes (PTDM) is a common occurrence after solid-organ transplantation and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. There is a limited number of studies addressing strategies for hyperglycemia management in this population, with a few articles emerging recently.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a PubMed search of studies published in English addressing hyperglycemia management of PTDM/new-onset diabetes after transplant (NODAT). Relevant cited articles were also retrieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the 25 publications eligible for review were retrospective studies. Insulin therapy during the early posttransplantation period showed promise in preventing PTDM development. Thiazolidinediones have been mostly shown to exert glycemic control in retrospective studies, at the expense of weight gain and fluid retention. Evidence with metformin, sulfonylureas, and meglitinides is very limited. Incretins have shown promising results in small prospective studies using sitagliptin, linaglitpin, and vildagliptin and a case series using liraglutide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prospective randomized studies assessing the management of hyperglycemia in PTDM are urgently needed. In the meantime, clinicians need to be aware of the high risk of PTDM and associated complications and current concepts in management.
authors.forename: Rodolfo J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Galindo
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Breen
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamler
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D008687:Metformin