title: [Intrauterine growth and biochemical levels in cord blood samples in infants less than 31 weeks gestation].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of greater amounts of protein and energy during the first week of life is associated with hypophosphataemia in extreme preterm babies. The lowest phosphorus levels are described in intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) babies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe biochemistry levels in cord blood plasma in extreme premature, adequate and small for gestational age babies (AGA/SGA) and their relationship with plasma calcium and phosphorus levels during the first week of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive clinical study was performed in the Neonatology Service at Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río during 2013 and 2014. A biochemical analysis of cord blood was performed on 43 premature babies, as well as plasma calcium and phosphorus levels during the first week. The adequacy for gestational age was obtained using Alarcón- Pittaluga growth curves. Statistical significance was P<.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cholesterol, transaminases, albumin and creatinine levels were similar for both AGA and SGA babies. Levels of pH, phosphorus, calcium and alkaline phosphatase were significantly lower in SGA babies. Urea nitrogen, uric acid and triglycerides levels were higher in SGA. The analysis during the first week showed a strong reduction in phosphorus levels, as well as an increase in calcium levels in proportion to the decrease in phosphorus in the SGA sub- group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrauterine malnutrition in preterm babies is expressed in the modulation of plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen, uric acid and triglycerides. During post-natal life, when nutritional intake begins, a decrease in phosphorus and an increase in calcium levels appear, consistent with insufficient phosphorus intake during this period.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Recién Nacidos, CA Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Neonatología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: mena.n.patricia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mena Nannig
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Recién Nacidos, CA Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Beca de Neonatología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cubillos Celis
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Recién Nacidos, CA Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Neonatología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toro Jara
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Recién Nacidos, CA Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuñiga Vergara
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017674:Hypophosphatemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D008297:Male; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Early nutrition; Extreme preterm; Hipercalcemia; Hipofosfemia; Hypercalcaemia; Hypophosphataemia; Intrauterine growth restricted; Nutrición precoz; Prematuro extremo; Restricción de crecimiento intrauterino