title: Hydro- and solvothermolysis of kraft lignin for maximizing production of monomeric aromatic chemicals.
abstract: The hydro-/solvothermolysis of kraft lignin using water and ethanol as a solvent were investigated in this study. The effect of the water-to-ethanol ratio on the yields of monomeric aromatic chemicals (MACs) and the kinetic behavior of MACs was studied in a series of batch experiments. The yields of MACs other than catechol increased as the ratio of ethanol increased, and the content of the total MACs in bio-crude oil (BCO) reached 35% when the ratio of ethanol was 100% at a reaction temperature of 300 °C. The formation of phenol, guaiacol, and alkylguaiacols was enhanced in ethanol, while the formation of catechol was dominant in water. The formation of more substituted MACs such as vanillin, acetoguaiacone, and homovanillic acid was not affected by the solvent. The role of reaction parameters on the yields of MACs was elucidated, and the main reaction pathways in water and in ethanol were proposed.
authors.affiliation: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-shik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jungho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jae
authors.affiliation: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Myeong
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14 gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Green Process and System Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: djsuh@kist.re.kr.
authors.forename: Dong Jin
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000032:analysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D019800:Phenol / Q000032:analysis; D012997:Solvents; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D019800:Phenol; D000431:Ethanol; D006139:Guaiacol; C076151:Kraft lignin; D008031:Lignin
keywords: Bio-based aromatic chemicals; Biorefinery; Hydrothermolysis; Kraft lignin; Solvothermolysis