title: Impact of Species and Variety on Concentrations of Minor Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds in Oils Recovered from Plum Kernels.
abstract: The profile of bioactive compounds (carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, and squalene) in oils recovered from the kernels of 28 plum varieties of hexaploid species Prunus domestica L. and diploid plums Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. and their crossbreeds were studied. Oil yields in plum kernels of both P. cerasifera and P. domestica was in wide ranges of 22.6-53.1 and 24.2-46.9% (w/w) dw, respectively. The contents of total tocochromanols, carotenoids, phytosterols, and squalene was significantly affected by the variety and ranged between 70.7 and 208.7 mg/100 g of oil, between 0.41 and 3.07 mg/100 g of oil, between 297.2 and 1569.6 mg/100 g of oil, and between 25.7 and 80.4 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. Regardless of the cultivar, β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol were the main minor lipophilic compounds in plum kernel oils and constituted between 208.5 and 1258.7 mg/100 g of oil and between 60.5 and 182.0 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. Between the studied plum species, significant differences were recorded for δ-tocopherol (p = 0.007), 24-methylenecycloartanol (p = 0.038), and citrostadienol (p = 0.003), but they were insufficient for discrimination by PCA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Górnaś
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rudzińska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raczyk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia.
authors.forename: Inga
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mišina
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University (Parramatta) , Sydney, NSW, 2150 Australia.
authors.forename: Arianne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soliven
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia.
authors.forename: Gunārs
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lācis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture , Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701 Latvia.
authors.forename: Dalija
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Segliņa
mesh_terms: D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D000068242:Prunus domestica / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013185:Squalene / Q000032:analysis; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D024508:Tocotrienols; D002338:Carotenoids; D013185:Squalene
keywords: Prunus; byproducts; phytosterols; plum kernel oils; squalene; tocopherols; tocotrienols