title: Subclinical hyperthyroidism and biatrial function and mechanics: a two- and three-dimensional echocardiographic study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to evaluate left atrial (LA) and right atrial (RA) phasic function and deformation in the subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) using two- and three-echocardiographic (2DE and 3DE) methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 45 untreated women with SCH and 45 healthy women who underwent comprehensive 2DE and 3DE examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total and passive LA emptying fractions (EF) were decreased, whereas active EF was increased among the SCH participants. RA total EFs were similar between the controls and the SCH subjects; passive EF was reduced; and active EF was amplified in the SCH group. TSH correlated with 2DE LA passive and active EFs, 3DE LA total, passive and active EFs, as well as 2DE LA positive longitudinal strain. Additionally, TSH correlated with 2DE RA passive and active EFs, 3DE LA and RA passive EF, 2DE LA and RA positive longitudinal strain. However, after adjustment for the parameters of left and right ventricular diastolic function and structure, the TSH level remained associated only with LA conduit and booster pump functions, as well as RA pump function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biatrial phasic function evaluated by 2DE and 3DE is significantly impaired in the SCH subjects. TSH level correlates with LA and RA conduit and pump functions.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , University Clinical Hospital Centre "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje" , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Marijana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tadic
authors.affiliation: b Clinical Research Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca and Istituto Auxologico Italiano , Meda , Italy ;
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuspidi
authors.affiliation: c Department of Endocrinology , University Clinical Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje" , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ilic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , University Clinical Hospital Centre "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje" , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marjanovic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiology , University Clinical Hospital Centre "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje" , Belgrade , Serbia ;|d Faculty of Medicine , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Celic
authors.affiliation: e Clinical Center Pristina, Gracanica, Medical Faculty Pristina, Kosovska Mitrovica, Clinic for General Surgery , Kosovska Mitrovica , Serbia.
authors.forename: Sladjana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trpkovic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D016279:Atrial Function, Left; D016280:Atrial Function, Right; D064752:Atrial Remodeling; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
keywords: Left atrium; phasic function; right atrium; subclinical hyperthyroidism; three-dimensional echocardiography; two-dimensional speckle tracking