title: Mozart, but not the Beatles, reduces systolic blood pressure in patients with myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Music reduces systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) in various clinical situations, but it is unclear whether these changes occur in post-infarction patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim is to evaluate the effects of music on patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated patients with MI and we measured SBP, DBP, HR and double product (DP) two times before the intervention and one time every fifteen minutes with an ambulatory blood pressure monitor. We divided the patients into 3 groups: a group listening to music by Mozart; another listening to a Beatles collection and a third one listening to the radio news. Outcomes were the change in mean SBP, DBP, HR and DP with intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 60 patients (20 in each group). SBP was significantly reduced in the Mozart group (variation of –7.2 ± 8.5 mmHg) compared to the Beatles group (–1.3 ± 6.2 mmHg) (P = 0.021) and the radio news group (0.6 ± 8.7 mmHg) (P = 0.003). DP was significantly reduced in the Mozart group compared with the News group (–668.5 ± 773.2 vs 31.6 ± 722.1 mmHg) (P = 0.006). There were no differences in DBP and HR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with MI who listened Mozart had a reduction in SBP and DP compared to those who listened to the Beatles or the news.
authors.forename: Luiza Carolina
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Gruhlke
authors.forename: Marcelo Coelho
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Patrício
authors.forename: Daniel Medeiros
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Myocardial infarction; blood pressure; music; music therapy