title: Clinical relevance of cyclic GMP modulators: A translational success story of network pharmacology.
abstract: Therapies that modulate cyclic guanosine-3'-5'-monophosphate (cGMP) have emerged as one of the most successful areas in recent drug discovery and clinical pharmacology. Historically, their focus has been on cardiovascular disease phenotypes; however, cGMP's relevance is likely to go beyond this rather limited organ-based set of indications. Moreover, the multitude of targets and their apparent interchangeability is a proof-of-concept of network pharmacology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oettrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frijhoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pwm
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kleikers
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.affiliation: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H H H W
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020536:Enzyme Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050705:Receptors, Guanylate Cyclase-Coupled / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D020536:Enzyme Activators; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D050705:Receptors, Guanylate Cyclase-Coupled; D006152:Cyclic GMP