title: Use of external fixator versus flexible intramedullary nailing in closed pediatric femur fractures: comparing results using data from two cohort studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although external fixation and flexible intramedullary nailing have been extensively used in the management of pediatric femur fractures, there are very few studies, which have compared the results. The purpose of the study was to compare the results of external fixation and flexible intramedullary nailing in pediatric femur fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of patients were treated by external fixator (EF) and flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) over two different but successive time periods and results compared. The first group (EF) consisted of 45 patients, and the second group had 50 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age in EF group ranged from 6 to 14 years (average 9.93 years), and the age in FIN group ranged from 6 to 11 years (average 7.66 years). In the EF group, fixator was removed at an average of 12.23 weeks. In the FIN group, radiographic union was evident at an average time of 10.06 weeks. Pin-site infection was common in EF group. One patient had a re-fracture in EF group, and one patient had to be re-operated in FIN group after he developed anterior angulation of more than 30°.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that it is the discretion of the surgeon to operate on the femur fracture using either of the treatment modalities. Further randomized studies need to be conducted between these two treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College Srinagar, Hospital for Bone and Joint Surgery, Barzulla, J&K, 190005, India. mubashirmaqboolwani@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Mubashir Maqbool
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, J&K, 190018, India.
authors.forename: Mubashir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College Srinagar, Hospital for Bone and Joint Surgery, Barzulla, J&K, 190005, India.
authors.forename: Riyaz Ahmad
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College Srinagar, Hospital for Bone and Joint Surgery, Barzulla, J&K, 190005, India.
authors.forename: Arshad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College Srinagar, Hospital for Bone and Joint Surgery, Barzulla, J&K, 190005, India.
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sultan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College Srinagar, Hospital for Bone and Joint Surgery, Barzulla, J&K, 190005, India.
authors.forename: Iqbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College Srinagar, Hospital for Bone and Joint Surgery, Barzulla, J&K, 190005, India.
authors.forename: Shakir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001858:Bone Nails; D002648:Child; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005596:Fractures, Closed / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Complications; External fixation; FIN; Femur fractures