title: Alkaloid profiles and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of Fumaria species from Bulgaria.
abstract: GC-MS analysis of alkaloid profiles of five Fumaria species, naturally grown in Bulgaria (F. officinalis, F. thuretii, F. kralikii, F. rostellata and F. schrammii) and analysis of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of alkaloid extracts were performed. Fourteen isoquinoline alkaloids were identified, with the principle ones being protopine, cryptopine, sinactine, parfumine, fumariline, fumarophycine, and fumaritine. Protopine contents, defined by HPLC analysis varied between 210.6 ± 8.8 μg/g DW (F. schrammii) and 334.5 ± 7.1 μg/g DW. (F. rostellata). While all of the investigated alkaloid extracts significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity, the F. kralikii demonstrated the highest level of inhibition (IC(50) 0.13 ± 0.01 mg extract/mL).
authors.forename: Radka Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Vrancheva
authors.forename: Ivan G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: Ina Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Aneva
authors.forename: Ivayla N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Dincheva
authors.forename: Ilian K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Badjakov
authors.forename: Atanas I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Pavlov
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002031:Bulgaria; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D031312:Fumaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007546:Isoquinolines; C049095:fumariline; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C039109:isoquinoline; C007159:cryptopine; C009093:protopine