title: Matrix Remodeling in Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema.
abstract: Pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema are chronic lung diseases characterized by a progressive decline in lung function, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. A hallmark of these diseases is recurrent or persistent alveolar epithelial injury, typically caused by common environmental exposures such as cigarette smoke. We propose that critical determinants of the outcome of the injury-repair processes that result in fibrosis versus emphysema are mesenchymal cell fate and associated extracellular matrix dynamics. In this review, we explore the concept that regulation of mesenchymal cells under the influence of soluble factors, in particular transforming growth factor-β1, and the extracellular matrix determine the divergent tissue remodeling responses seen in pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.|2 Program in Protease and Matrix Biology Center, Birmingham, Alabama; and.
authors.forename: Tejaswini
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4251-4988
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.|2 Program in Protease and Matrix Biology Center, Birmingham, Alabama; and.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.|2 Program in Protease and Matrix Biology Center, Birmingham, Alabama; and.
authors.forename: Veena B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Antony
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.|2 Program in Protease and Matrix Biology Center, Birmingham, Alabama; and.|3 Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaggar
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.|2 Program in Protease and Matrix Biology Center, Birmingham, Alabama; and.|3 Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Victor J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Thannickal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014945:Wound Healing
keywords: emphysema; extracellular matrix; myofibroblasts; pulmonary fibrosis; transforming growth factor-β