title: Evaluation of the effects of different supplementation on oxidative status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease. Reactive oxygen species have been considered as aggravating factors for autoimmune diseases. Fatty acids had been linked in reduction of various diseases by augment of their antioxidant potential and antiinflammatory mechanisms. The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who used concentrated fish oil only or concentrated fish oil in combination with evening primrose oil in a period of 3 months. Subjects were divided into three groups. The group I consists of patients who had been taking only their regular rheumatologic therapy; group II, patients who had been taking concentrated fish oil; and group III, patients who had been taking concentrated fish oil and evening primrose oil. Peripheral blood samples were used for all the assays. We assessed the following oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion radical (O2 (-)), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), and glutathione levels (GSH) in erythrocytes. There were no statistically significant changes for any of the oxidative stress parameters in group I. In group II, levels of TBARS, NO2 (-), and GSH were increased, while levels of H2O2 decreased. Increased values of TBARS, NO2 (-), and SOD were found in group III. Our findings indicate that intakes of fish oil and evening primrose oil may be of importance in mitigation of inflammation, disease activity, and oxidative stress biomarkers, through increased activities of antioxidant enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Institute for Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vasiljevic
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Internal Clinic, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veselinovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nevena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jeremic
authors.affiliation: Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arsic
authors.affiliation: Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vucic
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Internal Clinic, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucic-Tomic
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty for Tourism, University of Kragujevac, Vrnjacka Banja, Serbia.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zivanovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian," Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Djuric
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia. drvladakgbg@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jakovljevic
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D031665:Oenothera biennis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017698:Postmenopause; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D005395:Fish Oils; D010938:Plant Oils; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Fatty acids; Oxidative stress; Rheumatoid arthritis