title: Characteristics and Psychiatric Symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder among Adults Using Self-Reported DSM-5 Criteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) proposed nine diagnostic criteria and five cut-point criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). We aimed to examine the efficacy of such criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults (n=3041, men: 1824, women: 1217) who engaged in internet gaming within last 6 months completed a self-report online survey using the suggested wordings of the criteria in DSM-5. Major characteristics, gaming behavior, and psychiatric symptoms of IGD were analyzed using ANOVA, chi-square, and correlation analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sociodemographic variables were not statistically significant between the healthy controls and the risk group. Among the participants, 419 (13.8%) were identified and labeled as the IGD risk group. The IGD risk group scored significantly higher on all motivation subscales (p<0.001). The IGD risk group showed significantly higher scores than healthy controls in all nine psychiatric symptom dimensions, i.e., somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IGD risk group showed differential psychopathological manifestations according to DSM-5 IGD diagnostic criteria. Further studies are needed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the specific criteria, especially for developing screening instruments.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Addiction Policy, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na Ri
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Samuel Suk-Hyun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dai-Jin
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Demetrovics
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Király
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagygyörgy
authors.affiliation: Nottingham Trent University, Psychology Division, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.affiliation: Eulji Addiction Institute, Gangnam Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.affiliation: Chungmugong Leadership Center, Naval Education and Training Command, Republic of Korea Navy, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute on Behavioral Addictions, Easy Brain Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Health Care & Information Research Institute, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sam-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: DSM-5; Internet gaming disorder; Psychiatric symptoms