title: Substance P enhances EPC mobilization for accelerated wound healing.
abstract: Wound healing is essential for the survival and tissue homeostasis of unicellular and multicellular organisms. The current study demonstrated that the neuropeptide substance P (SP) accelerated the wound healing process, particularly in the skin. Subcutaneous treatment of SP accelerated wound closing, increased the population of α-smooth muscle actin positive myofibroblasts, and increased extracellular matrix deposition at the wound site. Moreover, SP treatment enhances angiogenesis without a local increase in the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1. Importantly, SP treatment increased both the population of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in the peripheral blood and in CD31 positive cells in Matrigel plugs. The tube forming potential of endothelial cells was also enhanced by SP treatment. The results suggested that the subcutaneous injection of SP accelerated the wound healing in the skin via better reconstitution of blood vessels, which possibly followed an increase in the systemic mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells and a more effective assembly of endothelial cells into tubes.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jihyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Um
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea.
authors.forename: Nunggum
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sukbum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea.
authors.forename: Younggil
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sanghyuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: East-West Medical Research Institute/College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Yongin-si, 02447, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Sook
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3218-9405
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007797:Laminin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011509:Proteoglycans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C059485:matrigel; D013373:Substance P; D003094:Collagen