title: Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance, Hyperinsulinemia with Normal Blood Glucose Tolerance, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes (Prediabetes Insulin Resistance Research).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the differences in insulin resistance (IR) among subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), hyperinsulinemia with NGT (HINS), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  5 NGT, 25 HINS, 25 IGT, and 25 T2DM subjects participated in this research. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique (HECT) was performed in all of them to evaluate IR levels. The relative factors influencing IR were evaluated. The simple insulin sensitivity indices were calculated, and the correlation between each index and the M value was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The M values of NGT, HINS, IGT, and T2DM groups were 11.88 ± 2.93 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1), 6.23 ± 1.73 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1), 6.37 ± 2.12 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1), and 6.19 ± 1.89 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1), respectively. M values in HINS, IGT, and T2DM groups were lower than those in the NGT group (P = 0.005); however, the differences among the HINS, IGT, and T2DM groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.835). The independent factors influencing the M value were waistline and fasting insulin level (FINS). The simple insulin sensitivity indices, especially Matsuda and Gutt index, were significantly associated with the M value (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IR existed in the HINS, IGT, and T2DM groups, and IR levels were consistent in the three groups. The independent factors influencing IR were waistline and FINS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Chunlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Fusheng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin