title: Construction of a 3D rGO-collagen hybrid scaffold for enhancement of the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: The cell-material interface is one of the most important considerations in designing a high-performance tissue engineering scaffold because the surface of the scaffold can determine the fate of stem cells. A conductive surface is required for a scaffold to direct stem cells toward neural differentiation. However, most conductive polymers are toxic and not amenable to biological degradation, which restricts the design of neural tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, we used a bioactive three-dimensional (3D) porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM), which is mainly composed of type I collagen, as a basic material and successfully assembled a layer of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets on the surface of the PADM channels to obtain a porous 3D, biodegradable, conductive and biocompatible PADM-rGO hybrid neural tissue engineering scaffold. Compared with the PADM scaffold, assembling the rGO into the scaffold did not induce a significant change in the microstructure but endowed the PADM-rGO hybrid scaffold with good conductivity. A comparison of the neural differentiation of rat bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was performed by culturing the MSCs on PADM and PADM-rGO scaffolds in neuronal culture medium, followed by the determination of gene expression and immunofluorescence staining. The results of both the gene expression and protein level assessments suggest that the rGO-assembled PADM scaffold may promote the differentiation of MSCs into neuronal cells with higher protein and gene expression levels after 7 days under neural differentiation conditions. This study demonstrated that the PADM-rGO hybrid scaffold is a promising scaffold for neural tissue engineering; this scaffold can not only support the growth of MSCs at a high proliferation rate but also enhance the differentiation of MSCs into neural cells.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Weibo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jichuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China. mouxiaoning@163.com hongliu@sdu.edu.cn and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA.
authors.forename: Zhonglin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013552:Swine; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I