title: Response of Human T Cells to Tetanus Neurotoxin HCC Sub-Domain: T Cell Cytokine Production and Activation Marker Induced by HCC.
abstract: Tetanus is caused by the tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT), a 150 kDa single polypeptide molecule which is cleaved into active two-chain molecules composed of a 50 kDa N-terminal light (L) and a 100 kDa C-terminal heavy (H) chains. Fragment C is further subdivided into two subdomains: the proximal HCN  subdomain and the extreme carboxy subdomain, HCC. HCC is considered as an immunodominant part of TeNT and is responsible for TeNT binding activity to neurons.In the present study, we investigated the ability of recombinant HCC(r HCC) to induce T cell activation. Our results showed that recombinant HCC has a stimulatory effect on IFN-γ secretion by T cells after 48h co-incubation in the presence of anti-TLR-2 Ab. Also, Hcc can induce the expression of CD69 on T cells.Our finding indicated that stimulatory effects of HCC on T cells are TLR-2 independent and anti-TLR-2 inhibitory antibody fails to neutralize HCC stimulatory effects on T cells.Furthermore, HCC  is critical for immunogenic activity of TeNT and is able to induce T cells through TLR-2 independent pathway.
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghafari-Khamene
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeedeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torabi-Goudarzi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haji-Fatahaliha
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Sanam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadreddini
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrnosh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seyfi-Najmi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Jafar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Majidi
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yousefi
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015847:Interleukin-4; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C508598:IL4 protein, human; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; C439524:TNF protein, human; C040635:tetanus toxin fragment C
keywords: HCC subdomain; IFN-γ; T cell; TLR-2; TeNT