title: Automated Assessment of Left Ventricular Function and Mass Using Heart Deformation Analysis: Initial Experience in 160 Older Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the performance of automated quantification of left ventricular function and mass based on heart deformation analysis (HDA) in asymptomatic older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study complied with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act regulations. Following the approval of the institutional review board, 160 asymptomatic older participants were recruited for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging including two-dimensional cine images covering the entire left ventricle in short-axis view. Data analysis included the calculation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular mass (LVM), and cardiac output (CO) using HDA and standard global cardiac function analysis (delineation of end-systolic and end-diastolic left ventricle epi- and endocardial borders). The agreement between methods was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CoV).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HDA had a shorter processing time than the standard method (1.5 ± 0.3 min/case vs. 5.8 ± 1.4 min/case, P < 0.001). There was good agreement for LVEF (ICC = 0.552, CoV = 10.5%), CO (ICC = 0.773, CoV = 13.5%), and LVM (ICC = 0.859, CoV = 14.5%) acquired with the standard method and HDA. There was a systemic bias toward lower LVEF (62.8% ± 8.3% vs. 69.3% ± 6.7%, P < 0.001) and CO (4.4 ± 1.0 L/min vs. 4.8 ± 1.3 L/min, P < 0.001) by HDA compared to the standard technique. Conversely, HDA overestimated LVM (114.8 ± 30.1 g vs. 100.2 ± 29.0 g, P < 0.001) as compared to the reference method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDA has the potential to measure LVEF, CO, and LVM without the need for user interaction based on standard cardiac two-dimensional cine images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611. Electronic address: kai-lin@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611.
authors.forename: Jeremy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lloyd-Jones
authors.affiliation: Siemens Corporation, Corporate Technology, Princeton, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jolly
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611.
authors.forename: Debiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markl
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Heart deformation analysis; MRI; left ventricular function; mass