title: In vitro capacitation and acrosome reaction in sperm of the phyllostomid bat Artibeus jamaicensis.
abstract: Sperm capacitation occurs during the passage of sperm through the female reproductive tract. Once the sperm binds to the pellucid zone, the acrosome reaction to enable penetration of the oocyte is completed. In this study, sperm of Artibeus jamaicensis bat was used to evaluate both capacitation status and the acrosome reaction under in vitro conditions, incubating sperm at 32 and 37°C with and without progesterone. Sperm was incubated at different times to assess sperm cells' functionality in terms of capacitation and acrosome reaction, using the chlortetracycline staining, lectin fluoresceinisocyanate conjugate-Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC-PSA), and transmission electron microscopy. Sperm cells that presented uniform fluorescence throughout the head and mid-piece were classified as non-capacitated. Subsequently, sperm cells, which were observed with fluorescence only in the anterior portion of the head and mid-piece, were classified as capacitated. Sperm cells with no fluorescence in the head, but fluorescence in the mid-piece, were categorized as sperm cells that have carried out the acrosome reaction. During the acrosome reaction, sperm cells showed changes in their morphology, so it was not possible to distinguish the plasma and acrosomal membranes. Around the entire head, it was not possible to distinguish the fusion points between these membranes that made it possible for the acrosomal reaction to take place and thus to release the enzymes necessary to penetrate the pellucid zone. In conclusion, under appropriate in vitro conditions and by supplementing the culture medium with progesterone, A. jamaicensis bat sperm cells are able to be capacitated in a period from 6 to 8 h and to carry out the acrosome reaction.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Álvarez-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Reproducción y Comportamiento Animal (Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 54740, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: González-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Reproducción y Comportamiento Animal (Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 54740, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medrano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, DF, Mexico. angelica@biomedicas.unam.mx.
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moreno-Mendoza
mesh_terms: D020101:Acrosome Reaction; D000818:Animals; D048430:Cell Shape; D002470:Cell Survival; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000502:physiology*; D002751:Chlortetracycline / Q000378:metabolism; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013075:Sperm Capacitation; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D037102:Lectins; D002751:Chlortetracycline
keywords: Acrosome reaction; Artibeus jamaicensis; Bat sperm; Sperm capacitation; Sperm morphology