title: Benefits of early enteral nutrition in extremely low birth weight infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (i.e. preterm infants weighing < 1,000 g) often present with morphofunctional multiple organ immaturity. This study aimed to determine whether early enteral feeding improves digestive tolerance, and whether there is a difference in growth between ELBW infants who were fed with formula and those who were fed with breast milk.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted from 2012-2013 and involved 34 ELBW infants from the Preterm Neonatology Clinic of the 'Louis Turcanu' Clinical Children's Hospital Timisoara, Romania. Early enteral nutrition was introduced for all the infants - Group I was fed with formula, while Group II was fed with breast milk. Infants in each group were given their designated type of milk (formula/breast milk), using the same feeding method and the same volume rate advancement. They were monitored for any evidence of digestive intolerance (i.e. clinical signs of infection and necrotising enterocolitis [NEC]). Their growth curves and signs of infection were also monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average weight gained per week was greater among the infants in Group II than in Group I (120.83 g vs 97.27 g). The incidence of infection was 100% in Group I and 66.6% in Group II. Two of the infants in Group I developed NEC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early enteral feeding helped to improve the weight of ELBW infants. Breast milk was more effective than formula at improving the weight of these infants. Feeding with formula increased the incidence of NEC, invasive infection and morbidity among ELBW infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Aniko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manea
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Marioara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boia
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iacob
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Mirabela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Radu Emil
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Iacob
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human; D012383:Romania; D015430:Weight Gain
keywords: ELBW infant; formula; human milk; necrotising enterocolitis