title: An immune regulatory CCT repeat containing oligodeoxynucleotide capable of causing hair loss in male mice.
abstract: An oligodeoxynucleotide with CCT repeats (CCT ODN) has been found in our previous study to selectively downregulate Toll-like receptor 7/9 (TLR7/9)-mediated immune responses both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we unexpectedly found that CCT ODN induced severe patchy hair loss around the mouth in male F1 mice (female Balb/c × male C57BL/6) with lupus-like nephritis induced by injecting allogenic lymphocytes and also in male Balb/c mice, but not in female F1 mice and Balb/c mice and either gender of C57BL/6 mice. Increased infiltration of natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D+) cells in hair loss skin and upregulated interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) messenger RNA expression in cultured splenocytes were observed in male Balb/c mice. The CCT ODN-conditioned supernatants of cultured mouse splenocytes caused catagen-like changes to hair follicles (HFs). We hypothesized that the CCT ODN could induce patchy hair loss in the male mice with certain genetic traits by mobilizing NKG2D+cells to HFs and by inducing the production of IFN-γ from immune cells. Taken together these data indicated that a gender and genetic preference of immune-regulatory oligonucleotides is causing unexpected clinical situations such as hair loss.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Unit of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Unit of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Unit of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Unit of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
keywords: Hair follicle; hair loss; male mice; oligodeoxynucleotide