title: Variations in the Prevalence of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Rio Grande do Sul-Brazil: A Comparative Analysis between 2002 and 2014.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to the importance of coronary artery disease (CAD), continuous investigation of the risk factors (RFs) is needed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of RFs for CAD in cities in Rio Grande do Sul State, and compare it with that reported in a similar study conducted in the same cities in 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study on 1,056 healthy adults, investigating the prevalence and absolute and relative frequencies of the following RFs for CAD: obesity, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), dyslipidemias, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, and family history, as well as age and sex. Data was collected in 19 cities, host of the Offices of the Regional Coordinators of Health, as in the 2002 study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six percent of the sample consisted of older adults and 57% were women. The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 44%, history family 50%, smoking 23%, overweight/obesity 68%, dyslipidemia (high cholesterol levels) 43%, SAH 40%, and diabetes 11%. When compared to the 2002 study, the prevalence of active smoking and sedentary behavior decreased, whereas the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity increased. Obesity is the most prevalent RF in women, and SAH the most prevalent in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of RFs for CAD in Rio Grande do Sul State remains high. Hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia are still prevalent and require major prevention programs. Smoking and physical inactivity have decreased in the state, suggesting the efficacy of related campaigns.
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Iseu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gus
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Antonini
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliano
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.affiliation: Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zazlavsky
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera Lucia
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Portal
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Timmers
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Melissa Medeiros
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Markoski
authors.affiliation: Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Antônio Mascia
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gottschall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*