title: Development of a sheep challenge model for Rift Valley fever.
abstract: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic disease that causes severe epizootics in ruminants, characterized by mass abortion and high mortality rates in younger animals. The development of a reliable challenge model is an important prerequisite for evaluation of existing and novel vaccines. A study aimed at comparing the pathogenesis of RVF virus infection in US sheep using two genetically different wild type strains of the virus (SA01-1322 and Kenya-128B-15) was performed. A group of sheep was inoculated with both strains and all infected sheep manifested early-onset viremia accompanied by a transient increase in temperatures. The Kenya-128B-15 strain manifested higher virulence compared to SA01-1322 by inducing more severe liver damage, and longer and higher viremia. Genome sequence analysis revealed sequence variations between the two isolates, which potentially could account for the observed phenotypic differences. We conclude that Kenya-128B-15 sheep infection represents a good and virulent challenge model for RVF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Bonto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faburay
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Natasha N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Gaudreault
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Qinfang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: A Sally
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shivanna
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sunwoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Yuekun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morozov
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, United States.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruder
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, United States.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Drolet
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, United States.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scott McVey
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States.
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arthropod Borne Animal Disease Research Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, United States.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, Unites States. Electronic address: jricht@vet.k-state.edu.
authors.forename: Juergen A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Richt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D012295:Rift Valley Fever / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012296:Rift Valley fever virus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D012756:Sheep; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Challenge model; Rift Valley fever; Rift Valley fever virus; Sheep; Strains; Viremia