title: Kinetics of functionalised carbon nanotube distribution in mouse brain after systemic injection: Spatial to ultra-structural analyses.
abstract: Earlier studies proved the success of using chemically functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWNTs) as nanocarriers to the brain. Little insight into the kinetics of brain distribution of f-MWNTs in vivo has been reported. This study employed a wide range of qualitative and quantitative techniques with the aim of shedding the light on f-MWNT's brain distribution following intravenous injection. γ-Scintigraphy quantified the uptake of studied radiolabelled f-MWNT in the whole brain parenchyma and capillaries while 3D-single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging and autoradiography illustrated spatial distribution within various brain regions. Raman and multiphoton luminescence together with transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of intact f-MWNT in mouse brain, in a label-free manner. The results evidenced the presence of f-MWNT in mice brain parenchyma, in addition to brain endothelium. Such information on the rate and extent of regional and cellular brain distribution is needed before further implementation into neurological therapeutics can be made.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
authors.forename: Julie T-W
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
authors.forename: Houmam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kafa
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg F-67000, France.
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Venturelli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabbro
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg F-67000, France.
authors.forename: Cécilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ménard-Moyon
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Da Ros
authors.affiliation: Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
authors.forename: Jane K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sosabowski
authors.affiliation: UCB Celltech, Slough, Berkshire SL1 3WE, UK.
authors.forename: Alastair D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.affiliation: UCB Celltech, Slough, Berkshire SL1 3WE, UK.
authors.forename: Martyn K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prato
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg F-67000, France.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.affiliation: Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics, Dental Institute, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Festy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine Laboratory, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, Brunswick Square, London, UK. Electronic address: k.kostarelos@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Kostas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kostarelos
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK. Electronic address: khuloud.al-jamal@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Khuloud T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Al-Jamal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002196:Capillaries / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D003907:Dexamethasone
keywords: Blood–brain barrier; Brain drug delivery; Carbon nanotubes; Multi-photon luminescence microscopy; Nanomedicine; SPECT/CT imaging