title: Role of p38 MAPK activation and mitochondrial cytochrome-c release in allicin-induced apoptosis in SK-N-SH cells.
abstract: Here, we investigate the apoptotic effect of allicin, the predominant component of freshly crushed garlic, on neuroblastoma cells. In this paper, the authors have first assessed the effect of allicin on human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells and then investigated the underlying mechanism. The results indicate that allicin suppresses SK-N-SH cell growth in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and that 5 μmol/l of allicin leads to a significant increase in apoptotic rate with annexin-V/PI double staining. Western blot analysis shows that treatment with allicin-induced apoptosis through activation of caspases-3 and 9. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK contributes to allicin-induced apoptosis upstream of caspase activation. Using p38 MAPK inhibitor, the authors discovered that p38 MAPK activation subsequently induces the release of cytochrome-c from mitochondria into the cytosol. Taken together, the results demonstrate that allicin can activate the p38 MAPK pathway, which leads to mitochondrial release of cytochrome-c, thus inducing SK-N-SH cell apoptosis. Overall, this study suggests that allicin may be used as one of the novel pharmacological treatment strategies in neuroblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Departments of aUrinary Surgery bGynaecology and Obstetrics cPaediatrics, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yufen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chi
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism*; D004220:Disulfides; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D010524:Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004220:Disulfides; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; C006452:allicin; D045304:Cytochromes c; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9