title: Evaluating scrotal masses.
abstract: Scrotal complaints can be challenging to diagnose because of overlapping signs and symptoms among various presentations. Failure to properly identify and manage testicular malfunctions such as testicular torsion, testicular cancer, varicocele, and hydrocele may lead to patient infertility, testicle loss, or death. This article describes proper assessment of scrotal masses, recognition of potentially life-threatening testicular conditions, and appropriate diagnostic evaluations for each pathology.
authors.affiliation: Peter O'Reilly, Jennifer Le, and Anna Sinyavskaya are graduates of the PA program at Pace University in New York City. Ellen D. Mandel is a clinical professor in the PA program at Pace University. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: OʼReilly
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sinyavskaya
authors.forename: Ellen D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Mandel
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019115:Fasciitis, Necrotizing / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D012611:Scrotum / Q000473:pathology; D063189:Symptom Assessment / Q000379:methods*