title: The spindle assembly checkpoint promotes chromosome bi-orientation: A novel Mad1 role in chromosome alignment.
abstract: Faithful chromosome segregation relies on dynamic interactions between spindle microtubules and chromosomes. Especially, all chromosomes must be aligned at the equator of the spindle to establish bi-orientation before they start to segregate. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) monitors this process, inhibiting chromosome segregation until all chromosomes achieve bi-orientation. The original concept of 'checkpoints' was proposed as an external surveillance system that does not play an active role in the process it monitors. However, accumulating evidence from recent studies suggests that SAC components do play an active role in chromosome bi-orientation. In this review, we highlight a novel Mad1 role in chromosome alignment, which is the first conserved mechanism that links the SAC and kinesin-mediated chromosome gliding.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Chromosome Dynamics, Institute of Molecular Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akera
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Chromosome Dynamics, Institute of Molecular Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000235:genetics*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000235:genetics; D018386:Kinetochores; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000235:genetics*; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C501384:MAD1L1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016547:Kinesins
keywords: kinesin; kinetochore; mitosis; spindle assembly checkpoint