title: The effects of in utero bisphenol A exposure on the ovaries in multiple generations of mice.
abstract: Bisphenol A is used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Previous studies show that in utero BPA exposure inhibits germ cell nest breakdown in the F1 generation of mice, but its effects on germ cell nest breakdown and on the ovary in the F2-F3 generations were unknown. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that BPA has transgenerational effects on the ovary. Mice were exposed to BPA in utero (BPA 0.5, 20, or 50μg/kg/day), and ovaries were collected at postnatal days (PND) 4 and 21 from the F1-F3 generations and subjected to histological evaluation and gene expression analyses. In utero BPA exposure did not have transgenerational effects on germ cell nest breakdown and gene expression on PND 4, but it caused transgenerational changes in expression in multiple genes on PND 21. Collectively, these data indicate that in utero BPA exposure has some transgenerational effects in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA. Electronic address: ajberge2@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA. Electronic address: zivgal1@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: Ayelet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziv-Gal
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA. Electronic address: jon.cudiamat@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cudiamat
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA. Electronic address: wei.wang2@covance.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA. Electronic address: czhou27@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA. Electronic address: jflaws@illinois.edu.
authors.forename: Jodi A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Flaws
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Bisphenol A; Germ cell nest breakdown; Mouse; Oxidative stress; Steroidogenesis; Transgenerational