title: Anti-tumor effects of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF): implication for cancer therapy. A mini-review.
abstract: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a secreted glycoprotein and a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family. It is widely expressed in human fetal and adult tissues but its expression decreases with age and in malignant tissues. The main anti-cancer activities of PEDF derive from its dual effects, either indirectly on the tumor microenvironment (indirect antitumor action) or directly on the tumor itself (direct antitumor influence). The indirect antitumor activities of PEDF were uncovered from the early findings that it stimulates retinoblastoma cell differentiation and that additionally it possesses anti-angiogenic, anti-tumorigenic and anti-metastatic properties. The mechanisms of its direct antitumor effect, however, have not been fully elucidated. This review highlights recent progress in our understanding of the multifunctional activities of PEDF and, in particular, its anti-cancer signaling mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the possibility of using novel phosphaplatin compounds that can upregulate PEDF expression as a chemotherapy for cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. lbelkace@central.uh.edu.
authors.forename: Louiza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belkacemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. xzhang5@central.uh.edu.|Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. xzhang5@central.uh.edu.
authors.forename: Shaun Xiaoliu
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015843:Serpins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005136:Eye Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D015843:Serpins; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor