title: In vitrotoxicological characterisation of arsenic-containing fatty acids and three of their metabolites.
abstract: Arsenic-containing fatty acids are a group of fat-soluble arsenic species (arsenolipids) which are present in marine fish and other seafood. Recently, it has been shown that arsenic-containing hydrocarbons, another group of arsenolipids, exert toxicity in similar concentrations comparable to arsenite although the toxic modes of action differ. Hence, a risk assessment of arsenolipids is urgently needed. In this study the cellular toxicity of a saturated (AsFA 362) and an unsaturated (AsFA 388) arsenic-containing fatty acid and three of their proposed metabolites (DMAV, DMAPr and thio-DMAPr) were investigated in human liver cells (HepG2). Even though both arsenic-containing fatty acids were less toxic as compared to arsenic-containing hydrocarbons and arsenite, significant effects were observable at μM concentrations. DMAVcauses effects in a similar concentration range and it could be seen that it is metabolised to its highly toxic thio analogue thio-DMAVin HepG2 cells. Nevertheless, DMAPr and thio-DMAPr did not exert any cytotoxicity. In summary, our data indicate that risks to human health related to the presence of arsenic-containing fatty acids in marine food cannot be excluded. This stresses the need for a fullin vitroandin vivotoxicological characterisation of these arsenolipids.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Chemistry , University of Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany . Email: tanja.schwerdtle@uni-potsdam.de; Institute of Nutritional Science , University of Potsdam , Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 , 14558 Nuthetal , Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry , NAWI Graz , University of Graz , Universitätsplatz 1 , 8010 Graz , Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raber
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Science , University of Potsdam , Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 , 14558 Nuthetal , Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Chemistry , University of Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany . Email: tanja.schwerdtle@uni-potsdam.de.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leffers
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Science , University of Potsdam , Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 , 14558 Nuthetal , Germany ; Heinrich-Stockmeyer-Stiftung , Parkstraße 44-46 , 49214 Bad Rothenfelde , Germany.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Chemistry , Faculty of Marine Science , University of Mazandaran , Babolsar , Iran.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Taleshi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry , NAWI Graz , University of Graz , Universitätsplatz 1 , 8010 Graz , Austria.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Francesconi
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Chemistry , University of Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 , 48149 Münster , Germany . Email: tanja.schwerdtle@uni-potsdam.de; Institute of Nutritional Science , University of Potsdam , Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 , 14558 Nuthetal , Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schwerdtle