title: 25 by 25: Achieving Global Reduction in Cardiovascular Mortality.
abstract: Four non-communicable diseases-cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer-account for over 60 % of all deaths globally. In recognition of this significant epidemic, the United Nations set forth a target of reducing the four major NCDs by 25 % by 2025. Cardiovascular disease alone represents half of these deaths and is the leading cause of death globally, representing as much as 60 % of all deaths in regions such as Eastern Europe. In response, the WHO set specific targets on conditions and risk factors and changes in the health systems structure in order to achieve the goals. The focus was set on lifestyle risk factors-physical activity, salt-intake, and tobacco-and established conditions-obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Health system efforts to improve medical treatment of high risk are encouraged. Efforts to achieve the goal are being promoted by leading international CVD organizations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, USA. sagar.dugani@utoronto.ca.|Division of General Internal Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada. sagar.dugani@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Sagar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dugani
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, 02115, USA. tgaziano@partners.org.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Gaziano
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000401:mortality*; D014943:Global Health; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014480:United Nations
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary
keywords: Cardiovascular; Global; Ischemic heart disease; Mortality; Prevention