title: Binding of human coronary artery endothelial cells to plasma-treated titanium dioxide nanotubes of different diameters.
abstract: Nanoscale topography in improving vascular response in vitro was established previously on various titanium surfaces. In the present study different surface nanotopographies that is different diameters of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanotubes (NTs) were fabricated by electrochemical anodization and conditioned with highly reactive gaseous oxygen plasma. The morphology of different diameter NTs was studied by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, while changes in chemical composition on the surface before and after plasma treatment were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Performance of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) on those conditioned surfaces was studied in regard to cell proliferation, released IL-6 protein and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM). We show that HCAEC function is dependent on the diameter of the TiO2 NTs, functioning far less optimally when bound to 100 nm TiO2 NTs as compared to Ti foil, 15 nm NTs or 50 nm NTs. There were improved, morphological cell shape changes, observed with IFM, between HCAEC growing on oxygen-rich plasma-treated versus nontreated 100 nm NTs. These endothelialized conditioned Ti nanosurfaces could elucidate optimization conditions necessary for vascular implants in coronary arteries.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Ajda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flašker
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Mukta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Katjuša
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mrak-Poljšak
authors.affiliation: Josef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Ita
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Junkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.|Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair for Clinical Biochemistry, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Saša
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Čučnik
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Polona
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Žigon
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Martensstr, 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazare
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, WW4-LKO, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Martensstr, 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmuki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iglič
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.|Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Science and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, SI-6000, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Snezna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sodin-Semrl
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000166:cytology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D015607:Stents; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D058626:Plasma Gases; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: IL-6 protein; human coronary endothelial cells; stents; surface plasma treatment; titanium nanotubes