title: Plasma treatment of paper for protein immobilization on paper-based chemiluminescence immunodevice.
abstract: A novel protein immobilization method based on plasma treatment of paper on the low-cost paper-based immunodevice was established in this work. By using a benchtop plasma cleaner, the paper microzone was treated by oxygen plasma treatment for 4 min and then the antibody can be directly immobilized on the paper surface. Aldehyde group was produced after the plasma treatment, which can be verified from the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. By linked to aldehyde group, the antibody can be immobilized on the paper surface without any other pretreatment. A paper-based immunodevice was introduced here through this antibody immobilization method. With sandwich chemiluminescence (CL) immunoassay method, the paper-based immunodevice was successfully performed for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection in human serum with a linear range of 0.1-80.0 ng/mL. The detection limit was 0.03 ng/mL, which was 30 times lower than the clinical CEA level. Comparing to the other protein immobilization methods on paper-based device, this strategy was faster and simpler and had potential applications in point-of-care testing, public health and environmental monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Huifang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China. Electronic address: weiliu@126.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Weiru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation; D057230:Limit of Detection; D049449:Luminescence; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D010209:Paper; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D058626:Plasma Gases; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Oxygen plasma treatment; chemiluminescence; paper-based immunodevice; protein immobilization