title: Global Birth Prevalence of Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic Review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A birth prevalence of orofacial clefts (OFCs) worldwide has been documented to vary. However a systematic assessment is lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the evidence in the literature for the birth prevalence of OFCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases through PubMed between 1950 and June 2015 using key words and search terms of cleft lip palate OR orofacial cleft AND prevalence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 45,193 patients with OFCs found in a study population of 30,665,615 live births. According to continents, the OFC birth prevalence (95% confidence interval)from Asia, North America, Europe, Oceania, South America, and Africa were 1.57 (1.54-1.60), 1.56 (1.53-1.59), 1.55 (1.52-1.58), 1.33 (1.30-1.36), 0.99 (0.96-1.02), and 0.57 (0.54-0.60) per 1,000 live births, respectively. The American Indians had the highest prevalence rates of 2.62 per 1,000 live births, followed by the Japanese, the Chinese, and the Whites of 1.73, 1.56, and 1.55 per 1,000 live births, respectively. The Blacks had the lowest rate of 0.58 per 1,000 live births.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observed differences may also be of ethnic origin, genetic, environmental factors, and methods of ascertainment. Further investigations are needed to manage this global health problem.
authors.forename: Vipawee
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Panamonta
authors.forename: Suteera
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pradubwong
authors.forename: Manat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panamonta
authors.forename: Bowornsilp
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chowchuen
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence