title: Rutin-Mediated Priming of Plant Resistance to Three Bacterial Pathogens Initiating the Early SA Signal Pathway.
abstract: Flavonoids are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and have many diverse functions, including UV protection, auxin transport inhibition, allelopathy, flower coloring and insect resistance. Here we show that rutin, a proud member of the flavonoid family, could be functional as an activator to improve plant disease resistances. Three plant species pretreated with 2 mM rutin were found to enhance resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 in rice, tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana respectively. While they were normally propagated on the cultural medium supplemented with 2 mM rutin for those pathogenic bacteria. The enhanced resistance was associated with primed expression of several pathogenesis-related genes. We also demonstrated that the rutin-mediated priming resistance was attenuated in npr1, eds1, eds5, pad4-1, ndr1 mutants, and NahG transgenic Arabidopsis plant, while not in either snc1-11, ein2-5 or jar1 mutants. We concluded that the rutin-priming defense signal was modulated by the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent pathway from an early stage upstream of NDR1 and EDS1.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.|Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin 300300, China.
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai 265500, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yingzi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003470:Culture Media; D060467:Disease Resistance; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae; D011794:Quercetin / Q000737:chemistry; D043368:Ralstonia solanacearum; D012431:Rutin / Q000737:chemistry*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D014974:Xanthomonas
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012431:Rutin; D011794:Quercetin; D020156:Salicylic Acid