title: The Effects of Inhaled Pimpinella peregrina Essential Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression in Laboratory Rats.
abstract: In the present study, we identified the effects of inhaled Pimpinella peregrina essential oil (1 and 3 %, for 21 continuous days) on scopolamine-induced memory impairment, anxiety, and depression in laboratory rats. Y-maze and radial arm-maze tests were used for assessing memory processes. Also, the anxiety and depressive responses were studied by means of the elevated plus-maze and forced swimming tests. The scopolamine alone-treated rats exhibited the following: decrease of the spontaneous alternation percentage in Y-maze test, increase of the number of working and reference memory errors in radial arm-maze test, along with decrease of the exploratory activity, the percentage of the time spent and the number of entries in the open arm within elevated plus-maze test and decrease of swimming time and increase of immobility time within forced swimming test. Inhalation of the P. peregrina essential oil significantly improved memory formation and exhibited anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in scopolamine-treated rats. Our results suggest that the P. peregrina essential oil inhalation ameliorates scopolamine-induced memory impairment, anxiety, and depression. Moreover, studies on the P. peregrina essential oil may open a new therapeutic window for the prevention of neurological abnormalities closely related to Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania. hritcu@uaic.ro.
authors.forename: Lucian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hritcu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gulden
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sukru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eyup
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bagci
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D028042:Pimpinella / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012601:Scopolamine; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012601:Scopolamine
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Anxiety; Depression; Memory; Pimpinella peregrina essential oil; Scopolamine