title: Differential Expression Profile of Immunological Cytokines in Local Ovary in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: analysis by Flow Cytometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Immune dysregulation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the Th1 and Th2-related cytokine profile in local ovary of women with PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The T lymphocytes of follicular fluid (FF) were obtained at the time of oocyte retrieval before in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in woman with or without PCOS. After culturing with PMA, Ionomycin and Golgi stop agent, cells were detected for the intracellular cytokine production by flow cytometry. The profile of Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines of CD3(+) CD4(+)T lymphocyte subsets were analyzed through invert gating. These cytokines in FF were also evaluated by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flow cytometry analysis showed that the production of Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2) cytokines in FF lymphocytes in PCOS patients were significantly higher than those in controls; ELISA result also demonstrated that the concentration of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2) in FF in PCOS patients is significantly increased compared with those in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that the immune dominance of Th1 may be the immunological feature of the ovary in PCOS patients. It might participate in the immune pathogenesis in the ovary of PCOS patients. These results suggest that chronic inflammation maybe one of the underlying mechanism for the pathogenesis of PCOS.
authors.affiliation: The Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: cacier@126.com.
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China. Electronic address: xuwenming1973@163.com.
authors.forename: Wenming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: The Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: lixiaohongham_001@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China. Electronic address: mwentong@sina.com.
authors.forename: Wentong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, College of Pre-clinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610041, China. Electronic address: hulijuan7572@163.com.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, College of Pre-clinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610041, China. Electronic address: juanserre@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhijuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: The Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: wangyy1210@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: luo_shan76@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: The Reproductive Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: cacier@163.com.
authors.forename: Shangwei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D010053:Ovary; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508594:IL2 protein, human; C508598:IL4 protein, human; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Assisted reproduction; Cytokines; Immunology; Ovary; PCOS