title: Pinnisterols A-C, New 9,11-Secosterols from a Gorgonian Pinnigorgia sp.
abstract: Three new 9,11-secosterols, pinnisterols A-C (1-3), were isolated from a gorgonian coral Pinnigorgia sp., collected off the waters of Taiwan. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The new sterols 1 and 3 displayed significant inhibitory effects on the generation of superoxide anions and the release of elastase by human neutrophils, and sterol 1 was found to show moderate cytotoxicity in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. jay0404@gmail.com.|National Museum of Marine Biology &amp; Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. jay0404@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Chia
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. kuo33410@yahoo.com.tw.|Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan. kuo33410@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Liang-Mou
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. htl@mail.cgu.edu.tw.|Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. htl@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Tsong-Long
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. jessicayeh8912001@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. wzh@mail.nsysu.edu.tw.|Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. wzh@mail.nsysu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport, Health, and Leisure, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan. lsfang@csu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Lee-Shing
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan. yachwu@mail.cmu.edu.tw.|Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan. yachwu@mail.cmu.edu.tw.|Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan. yachwu@mail.cmu.edu.tw.|Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. yachwu@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yang-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. shinlin@mail.nsysu.edu.tw.|Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. shinlin@mail.nsysu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chan-Shing
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. sheu@mail.nsysu.edu.tw.|Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. sheu@mail.nsysu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jyh-Horng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.affiliation: National Museum of Marine Biology &amp; Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. pjsung@nmmba.gov.tw.|Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. pjsung@nmmba.gov.tw.|Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan. pjsung@nmmba.gov.tw.|Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. pjsung@nmmba.gov.tw.|Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. pjsung@nmmba.gov.tw.
authors.forename: Ping-Jyun
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012623:Seawater; D013261:Sterols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013261:Sterols; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase
keywords: HSCs; Pinnigorgia; anti-inflammatory; cytotoxicity; elastase; gorgonian; secosterol; superoxide anion