title: Signaling through NOD-2 and TLR-4 Bolsters the T cell Priming Capability of Dendritic cells by Inducing Autophagy.
abstract: T cells play a cardinal role in mediating protection against intracellular pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It is important to understand the factors that govern the T cell response; thereby can modulate its activity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major player in initiation and augmentation of T cell response. Targeting DCs to induce their optimum maturation and activation can lead to a better T cell response. Interestingly, we observed that combinatorial signaling of DCs through NOD-2 and TLR-4 fortified better yield of IL-12p40/70, IL-6 and IFN-γ and upregulated the expression of CD40, CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules. Further, we noticed improved phagocytic capabilities of DCs. Furthermore, NOD-2 and TLR-4 induced autophagy in DCs, which enhanced the activation of T cells. This study signifies that NOD-2 and TLR-4 exhibit synergism in invigorating the activity of DCs. Consequently, this strategy may have significant immunotherapeutic potential in bolstering the function of DCs and thus improving the immunity against pathogens.
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Nargis
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Aurobind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vidyarthi
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Susanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pahari
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Shikha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Negi
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aqdas
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Sajid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nadeem
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Tapan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Agnihotri
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India.
authors.forename: Javed N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Agrewala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045142:Cross-Priming; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4