title: Glehnia littoralis Root Extract Induces G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest in the MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line.
abstract: Glehnia littoralis (GL) is widely used as an oriental medicine for cough, fever, stroke and other disease conditions. However, the anti-cancer properties of GL on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells have not been investigated. In order to elucidate anti-cancer properties and underlying cell death mechanisms, MCF-7cells (5 X 104/well) were treated with Glehnia littoralis root extract at 0-400 ug/ml. A hot water extract of GL root inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of the cell cycle after treatment of MCF-7 cells with increasing concentrations of GL root extract for 24 hours showed significant cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis both revealed that GL root extract significantly increased the expression of p21 and p27 with an accompanyingdecrease in both CDK4 and cyclin D1. Our reuslts indicated that GL root extract arrested the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in G1 phase through inhibition of CDK4 and cyclin D1 via increased induction of p21 and p27. In summary, the current study showed that GL could serve as a potential source of chemotherapeutic or chemopreventative agents against human breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Philippines E-mail : sghwang@hknu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Joseph Flores
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: de la Cruz
authors.forename: Emil Joseph Sanvictores
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Vergara
authors.forename: Yura
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hee Ok
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Baatartsogt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oyungerel
authors.forename: Seong Gu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016192:Resting Phase, Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger