title: Enhanced Anti-inflammatory Effects of γ-irradiated Pig Placenta Extracts.
abstract: Porcine placenta extract (PPE) is known to possess anti-inflammatory properties owing to its high concentration of bioactive substances. However, the need to eliminate blood-borne infectious agents while maintaining biological efficacy raises concerns about the optimal method for sterilizing PPE. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of the standard pressurized heat (autoclaving) method of sterilization with γ-irradiation on the anti-inflammatory effects of PPE. The anti-inflammatory actions of these two preparations of PPE were evaluated by measuring their inhibitory effects on the production of NO, the expression of iNOS protein, and the expression of iNOS, COX2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Compared with autoclaved PPE, γ-irradiated PPE showed significantly greater inhibition of NO production and iNOS protein expression, and produced a greater reduction in the expression of iNOS, COX2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA. These results provide evidence that the sterilization process is crucial in determining the biological activity of PPE, especially its anti-inflammatory activity. Collectively, our data suggest that γ-irradiated PPE acts at the transcriptional level to effectively and potently suppresses the production of NO and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Chang
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Yuyeon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: KRIBS Co. Ltd, Jeomdong-myeon, Yeoju 469-870, Korea.
authors.forename: Youn Kyu
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Resources and Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 220-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Kyu
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Bong
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: anti-inflammation; gamma irradiation; porcine placenta; pro-inflammatory cytokine