title: Two new prenylflavonoids from Epimedii Herba and their inhibitory effects on advanced glycation end-products.
abstract: Because inhibitors of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), for example pyridoxamine, significantly inhibit the development of retinopathy and neuropathy in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, treatment with AGE inhibitors is believed to be a potential strategy for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetic complications. In the present study, the MeOH extract of Epimedii Herba (EH; aerial parts of Epimedium spp.) was found to inhibit the formation of N (ε) -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and N (ω) -(carboxymethyl)arginine (CMA) during incubation of collagen-derived gelatin with ribose. Furthermore, compounds with inhibitory effects against CML and CMA formation were isolated from EH. Two new prenylflavonoids (compounds 1 and 2) and two known compounds (3 and 4) were found to significantly inhibit the formation of both CML and CMA; compound 4 (epimedokoreanin B) had the strongest inhibitory effect of the isolated compounds. These data suggest that epimedokoreanin B could prevent clinical complications of diabetes by inhibiting AGEs.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimitsu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 5435 Minamiaso, Aso, Kumamoto, 869-1404, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan. tikeda@ph.sojo-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D034181:Epimedium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D054876:Prenylation; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005419:Flavonoids; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; C408696:N(omega)-carboxymethylarginine; C046314:epimedii flavone; C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; D001120:Arginine; D008239:Lysine
keywords: Advanced glycation end products; Epimedii Herba; N ε -(carboxymethyl)lysine; N ω -(carboxymethyl)arginine; Prenylflavonoid