title: Reconciliation of the Devils Hole climate record with orbital forcing.
abstract: The driving force behind Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles and much associated climate change is widely considered to be orbital forcing. However, previous versions of the iconic Devils Hole (Nevada) subaqueous calcite record exhibit shifts to interglacial values ~10,000 years before orbitally forced ice age terminations, and interglacial durations ~10,000 years longer than other estimates. Our measurements from Devils Hole 2 replicate virtually all aspects of the past 204,000 years of earlier records, except for the timing during terminations, and they lower the age of the record near Termination II by ~8000 years, removing both ~10,000-year anomalies. The shift to interglacial values now broadly coincides with the rise in boreal summer insolation, the marine termination, and the rise in atmospheric CO2, which is consistent with mechanisms ultimately tied to orbital forcing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Gina E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Moseley
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: R Lawrence
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dublyansky
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, 310 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Yanbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boch
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spötl