title: Benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis (BML): A rare cause of cavitary and cystic pulmonary nodules.
abstract: Benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis (BML) is a rare cause of pulmonary lesions found in reproductive age women who have undergone a hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma. Given the relative rarity of the disease, the management of these lesions varies from surgical (oopherectomy) or medical antiestrogen hormonal therapy to clinical observation and survelliance. The disease generally presents asymptomatically with multiple, well-defined pulmonary nodules discovered incidentally on imaging. We report an atypical presentation of a 46-year-old woman with incidentally found bilateral pulmonary cavitating nodules and cysts, concerning for lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), who was ultimately diagnosed with BML.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jolissaint
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kilbourne
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: LaFortune
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Manojkumar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Christine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lau
keywords: BAL, Bronchoalveolar lavage; BML, Benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis; Benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis (BML); Benign or congenital lesions; CTPA, Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram; ER, Estrogen receptor; GnRH, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; HMB-45, Human melanoma black-45; LAM, Lymphangioleiomyomatosis; Lung histology; Lung pathology; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM); POD, Post-operative day; PR, Progesterone receptor; SMA, Smooth muscle actin; VATS, Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery