title: Medical treatment of joint prosthesis: indication, opportunities and liability profiles.
abstract: Orthopaedic specialists should completely and sequentially manage osteoarthritis, from the onset to the prosthesis, with no attitude of resignation, complying with national and international Guidelines (GLs) and abiding by the criteria of appropriateness of drugs, rehabilitation and orthopaedic device prescription, in line with the ethics of the medical profession. The GLs are a paper that rationalises the quantity of existing information for a disease, without abusing the decision of the doctor; a large volume of scientific knowledge is concentrated in a format that is easily accessible to doctors when carrying out their work. The use of drugs has taken on a connotation of a rational and multifactorial choice, rather than an accidental and incremental choice - inspired only by safety, rather than efficacy criteria. The Notes compiled by the Italian Medicines Agency - a legal instrument to define the reimbursability of medicines and, therefore, an instrument for managing pharmaceutical expenditure  are, in reality, a means to guarantee the appropriateness of the use of medicines, orienting the therapeutic choices according to established Guidelines. In the specific case of osteoarthritis, the knowledge of the GLs is the most appropriate and complete approach towards the disease, in the context of its pathogenetic complexity in its natural history. Moreover, pharmacological treatment of the subchondral osteometabolic damage becomes necessary when documented by magnetic resonance or a scintigraphy; the bone-related pain cannot be challenged through symptomatic analgesic treatment alone.
authors.affiliation: Research Center on Osteoporosis and Osteoarticular Diseases, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Molfetta
authors.affiliation: Neurosciences Department, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trompetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Interventional Ultrasound, Evangelical Hospital International, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Silvestri
mesh_terms: D004992:Ethics, Medical; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D016365:Liability, Legal; D009313:National Health Programs; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000601:surgery*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic