title: Autonomic control of heart rate during non-linear incremental upper-limb resistance exercise with elastic bands in young healthy female subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elastic bands are therapeutic tools widely used in rehabilitation. However, knowledge regarding autonomic cardiovascular overload during this type of resistance exercise is limited. This study assessed the autonomic control of heart rate during an incremental exercise protocol with elastic bands in sedentary healthy young individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten young women were subjected to an exercise protocol involving bilateral shoulder flexion to 90° with various thicknesses of elastic bands; the exercise was performed for 36 uninterrupted repetitions with a 15-minute rest interval between sets. During the exercise, the RR intervals (R-Ri) were collected and determined, the heart rate variability was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects completed the exercise protocol. Heart rate increased, and RR intervals decreased from the yellow elastic band onward. However, the square root of the sum of the square of the difference of RR intervals divided by the number of RR interval, standard deviation of the arithmetic mean of all normal RR intervals, and standard deviation of the RR interval instantaneous intervals of type I decreased significantly when performed with the green band onward (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise with progressive elastic load increases heart rate. However, the green elastic band induces less total and parasympathetic modulation heart rate variability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Institute of Health and Biotechnology, Federal University of Amazonas, Coari, Brasil - guilhermepta@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramos Batalha
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borghi-Silva
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campos Freire
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zanela DA Silva Arêas
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peixoto Tinoco Arêas
mesh_terms: D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult