title: Occurrence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in agricultural soils and antibiotic resistance properties.
abstract: The occurrence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was monitored in organic amendments and agricultural soils from various sites in France and Tunisia. S. maltophilia was detected in horse and bovine manures, and its abundance ranged from 0.294 (±0.509) × 10(3) to 880 (±33.4) × 10(3) CFU (g drywt)(-1) of sample. S. maltophilia was recovered from most tested soil samples (104/124). Its abundance varied from 0.33 (±0.52) to 414 (±50) × 10(3) CFU (g drywt)(-1) of soil and was not related to soil characteristics. Antibiotic resistance properties of a set of environmental strains were compared to a clinical set, and revealed a high diversity of antibiotic resistance profiles, given both the numbers of resistance and the phenotypes. Manure strains showed resistance phenotypes, with most of the strains resisting between 7 and 9 antibiotics. While French soil strains were sensitive to most antibiotics tested, some Tunisian strains displayed resistance phenotypes close to those of clinical French strains. Screening for metal resistance among 66 soil strains showed a positive relationship between antibiotic and metal resistance. However, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance phenotypes in the studied sites was not related to the metal content in soil samples.
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: aderedjian@club-internet.fr.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deredjian
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: alliotnolwenn@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Nolwenn
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alliot
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: laurineblanchard@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Laurine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blanchard
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: elisabeth.brothier@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brothier
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherches et de Technologies des Eaux, Laboratoire Traitement et Recyclage des Eaux, LP 95, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia. Electronic address: makram.anane@certe.rnrt.tn.
authors.forename: Makram
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anane
authors.affiliation: INRA AgroParisTech, ECOSYS, 1 avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France. Electronic address: pcambier@grignon.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cambier
authors.affiliation: INRA, Unité InfoSol, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin, 45075 Orléans, France. Electronic address: claudy.jolivet@orleans.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Claudy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jolivet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie végétale, INRGREF, BP 10, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia. Electronic address: khelil_mn@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Mohamed Naceur
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Khelil
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: sylvie.nazaret@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazaret
authors.affiliation: INRA, Unité InfoSol, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin, 45075 Orléans, France. Electronic address: nicolas.saby@orleans.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saby
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5558 Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: jean.thioulouse@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thioulouse
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne cedex F-69622, France. Electronic address: sabine.favre-bonte@univ-lyon1.fr.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Favre-Bonté
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005602:France; D006736:Horses; D008372:Manure / Q000382:microbiology; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014416:Tunisia
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008372:Manure; D008670:Metals; D012987:Soil
keywords: Abundance; Antibiotic resistance; Distribution; Metal resistance; Soil; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia