title: Comparative UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics and bioactivities analyses of Garcinia oblongifolia.
abstract: Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. ex Benth. (Clusiaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant from southern China, with edible fruits. However, the phytochemistry and bioactivity of the different plant parts of G. oblongifolia have not been studied extensively. Comparative metabolic profiling and bioactivities of the leaf, branch, and fruit of G. oblongifolia were investigated. A total of 40 compounds such as biflavonoids, xanthones, and benzophenones were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS and MS(E), including 15 compounds reported for the first time from this species. Heatmap analyses found that benzophenones, xanthones, and biflavonoids were predominately found in branches, with benzophenones present in relatively high concentrations in all three plant parts. Xanthones were found to have limited distribution in fruit while biflavonoids were present at only low levels in leaves. In addition, the cytotoxic (MCF-7 breast cancer cell line) and antioxidant (ABTS and DPPH chemical tests) activities of the crude extracts of G. oblongifolia indicate that the branch extract exhibits greater bioactivity than either the leaf or the fruit extracts. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis was used to find 12 marker compounds, mainly xanthones, from the branches, including well-known antioxidants and cytotoxic agents. These G. oblongifolia results revealed that the variation in metabolite profiles can be correlated to the differences in bioactivity of the three plant parts investigated. This UPLC-QTOF-MS strategy can be useful to identify bioactive constituents expressed differentially in the various plant parts of a single species.
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, USA; Biochemistry, Biology and Chemistry Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Staten Island, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA.
authors.forename: Harini
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: AnandhiSenthilkumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, USA.
authors.forename: Shi-biao
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhi-yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry, Biology and Chemistry Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Staten Island, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA.
authors.forename: Jimmie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fata
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York 10468, USA; Biochemistry, Biology and Chemistry Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: edward.kennelly@lehman.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kennelly
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China. Electronic address: long@mail.kib.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Chun-lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D029760:Garcinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001577:Benzophenones; D044946:Biflavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones
keywords: Antioxidants; Benzophenones; Biflavonones; Cytotoxicity; Garcinia oblongifolia; PCA; UPLC-QTOF-MS; Xanthones