title: Sensitization by subcutaneous route is superior to intraperitoneal route in induction of asthma by house dust mite in a murine mode.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a new experimental model of chronic allergic pulmonary disease induced by house dust mite, with marked production of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate in the airways and remodeling, comparing two different routes of sensitization.
  
  
  METHODS
  The protocol lasted 30 days. BALB/c mice were divided into six groups and were sensitized subcutaneously or intraperitoneally with saline (negative control), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) 50 or 500 mcg in three injections. Subsequently they underwent intranasal challenge with Der p or saline for 7 days and were sacrificed 24 hours after the last challenge. We evaluated the titration of specific IgE anti-Der p, eosinophilic density in peribronchovascular space and airway remodeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both animals sensitized intraperitoneally and subcutaneously produced specific IgE anti-Der p. Peribronchovascular eosinophilia increased only in mice receiving lower doses of Der p. However, only the group sensitized with Der p 50 mcg through subcutaneously route showed significant airway remodeling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this murine model of asthma, both pathways of sensitization led to the production of specific IgE and eosinophilia in the airways. However, only the subcutaneously route was able to induce remodeling. Furthermore, lower doses of Der p used in sensitization were better than higher ones, suggesting immune tolerance. Further studies are required to evaluate the efficacy of this model in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness, but it can already be replicated in experiments to create new therapeutic drugs or immunotherapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo Vivolo
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Aun
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Beatriz Mangueira
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Saraiva-Romanholo
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francine Maria de
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thayse Regina
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Brüggemann
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalil
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Milton de Arruda
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Magalhães
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Arantes-Costa
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giavina-Bianchi
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000485:Allergens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D024022:Fibrillar Collagens / Q000378:metabolism; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010323:Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis / Q000276:immunology; D011657:Pulmonary Eosinophilia / Q000469:parasitology; D039981:Pyroglyphidae
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D024022:Fibrillar Collagens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007073:Immunoglobulin E