title: [Analysis of the drug resistance and the integron resistance gene cassette's characteristics of Shigella flexneri].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the correlation between Shigella flexneri multi-drug resistance and drug resistance gene cassette of integrons.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 79 strains of Shigella flexneri were isolated from the feces of children ranged in age from 6 months to 14 years in some hospitals of Jinan, between May 2009 and April 2012.The resistance was detected by Kirby Bauer agar diffusion method, 1, 2 and 3 integron gene was amplified by PCR, the variable region of positive strains treated with enzyme digestion and determined by Series Analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 79 Shigella flexneri strains, the resistance rate was 91% (72/79) to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, 70% (55/79) to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 30% (24/79), 23% (18/79), 33% (26/79) and 32% (25/79) to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.All 79 strains were susceptible to cefoxitin, imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam. The common drug resistance pattern is ampicillin tetracycline-chloramphenicol-streptomycin, accounted for 91% (72/79); 91% (72/79) strains carried integrons of class 1, 86% (68/79) strains carried integrons of class 2, No intI3 was detected. The resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol of atypical class 1 integron positive strains was significantly higher than the negative strains (χ² = 35.96, P<0.01). The sequencing results:dfrV was detected in class 1 integron variable regions of 9 strains, dfrA17-aadA5 in 2 strains, blaOXA-30-aadA1 in 70 strains, 2 strains were not detected resistance gene cassette, all resistance gene cassettes were dfrA1-sat1-aadA1 in class 2 integron variable regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The muti-drug resistance of Shigella flexneri in Jinan was closely associated with integrons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ji'nan Fourth People's Hospital, Ji'nan 250031, China.
authors.forename: Quanping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yacui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mingxiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ji'nan Infectious Disease Hospital, Ji'nan 250021, China, Email: sdjnygy@163.com.
authors.forename: Guangying
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000382:microbiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D032023:Integrons; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents