title: Cord blood insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-binding proteins and adiponectin, and birth size in offspring of women with mild gestational diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the impact of a mild form of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on neonatal birth size, and on insulin-related hormones and adiponectin (AdipoQ) in cord blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and sixteen Japanese pregnant women diagnosed as having normal glucose tolerance according to the JSOG criteria were enrolled. Of the 216 women, 38 women were reclassified into a mild GDM (mGDM) group according to the IADPSG criteria. Of the remaining 178 women, 135 women with normal 50-g glucose challenge test were reclassified into a normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group. Cord blood insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and AdipoQ were measured in the offspring of the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Birth weight and its SD scores were larger in the mGDM group than in the NGT group. The incidence of large-for-gestational age (LGA) newborns was higher in the mGDM than in the NGT group. No differences in cord blood free IGF-1, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 or AdipoQ levels were observed between the mGDM and NGT groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that mild GDM reclassified according to the IADPSG criteria influences neonatal birth size, but neither the IGF-IGFBP axis nor AdipoQ can account for the changes of birth size in offspring of women with mild GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Electronic address: tkamoda@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazono
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sumazaki
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001724:Birth Weight; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
keywords: Adiponectin; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Insulin-like growth factor