title: Proteolytic bacterial dominance in a full-scale municipal solid waste anaerobic reactor assessed by 454 pyrosequencing technology.
abstract: Biomethanization entails a good means to reduce the organic fraction (OF) derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW). The bacterial diversity of a full scale MSW anaerobic reactor located in Madrid (Spain) was investigated using high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. Even though the proteolytic bacteria prevailed throughout all of the process, community shifts were observed from the start-up to the steady-state conditions, with an increasing biodiversity displayed over time. The Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes were the majority phyla: 55.1 and 40.2% (start-up) and 18.7 and 78.7 (steady-state) of the total reads. The system's lack of evenness remains noteworthy as the sequences affiliated to the proteolytic non-saccharolytic Proteiniphylum, Gallicola and Fastidiosipila genera, together with the saccharolytic Saccharofermentans, were predominant on the system and this predominance appears to correlate with the presence of a high ammonium concentration. The 454 pyrosequencing revealed a great diversity of rare organisms which seemingly do not sustain any metabolic roles in the course of the OF-MSW degradation. However, this scarce and unique microbiota can confer great resilience to the system as a buffer against nutritional and environmental changing conditions, thus opening the door to increase the current knowledge about the bacterial community dynamics taking place during MSW treatment processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, Madrid 28049, Spain; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cardinali-Rezende
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, Madrid 28049, Spain.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rojas-Ojeda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa M A
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, Madrid 28049, Spain. Electronic address: joseluis.sanz@uam.es.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sanz
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D044822:Biodiversity; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Bacterial communities; Biomethanization; High-throughput 454 pyrosequencing; Municipal solid wastes; Start-up to steady state conditions