title: Magnetic resonance imaging of the cirrhotic liver in the era of gadoxetic acid.
abstract: Gadoxetic acid improves detection and characterization of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic patients and can estimate liver function in patients undergoing liver resection. The purpose of this article is to describe the optimal gadoxetic acid study protocol for the liver, the unique characteristics of gadoxetic acid, the differences between gadoxetic acid and extra-cellular gadolium chelates, and the differences in phases of enhancement between cirrhotic and normal liver using gadoxetic acid. We also discuss how to obtain and recognize an adequate hepatobiliary phase.
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Agnello
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dioguardi Burgio
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Picone
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vernuccio
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cabibbo
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giannitrapani
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Adele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taibbi
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrusa
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Tommaso Vincenzo
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Bartolotta
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galia
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lagalla
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Midiri
authors.affiliation: Francesco Agnello, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Dario Picone, Federica Vernuccio, Adele Taibbi, Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta, Massimo Galia, Roberto Lagalla, Massimo Midiri, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Section of Radiological Sciences, DIBIMED, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brancatelli
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
keywords: Cirrhosis; Gadoxetic acid; Hepatobiliary contrast materials; Liver; Magnetic resonance imaging