title: Nutritional consequences of long-term acid suppression; are they clinically important?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As acid suppression therapies with proton pump inhibitors are an extremely common practice for common acid-related diseases, there has been increased scrutiny on the safety of this class of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There have been increasing reports of allegation of harm with the sustained use of proton pump inhibitors, in particular with potential adverse effects on vitamin and mineral absorption. This has prompted a number of product label changes directed by the US Food and Drug Administration, raising concerns for ongoing continued use among clinicians and patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review highlights the most recent information around these controversies and provides evidence summaries to help guide care providers in their care plans as well as discussions with patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Eastern VA Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015519:Bone Density; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000378:metabolism*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008286:Malabsorption Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014481:United States; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D014815:Vitamins; D007501:Iron; D014805:Vitamin B 12