title: The diagnosis and surgical treatment of cardiac pseudotumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Investigation of clinical-diagnostic, surgical and morphological features of cardiac pseudotumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Research Center for Surgery has experience of surgical treatment of 336 patients with cardiac pseudotumors followed from December 1962 to December 2014. Morphologically verified primary cardiac tumors were diagnosed in 269 (80.1%) patients. In this study it was analyzed the results of survey and treatment of 67 patients with cardiac pseudotumors who were under observation in institution since February 1970 to December 2014. There were 36 men and 31 women aged 2.2-74 years (mean age 34.1±2.1 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 1- and 24-year survival without hospital mortality according to Kaplan-Meier test was 100 and 94.3% respectively. Patients' life quality in the remote period significantly improved. Good postoperative results were obtained in 62.8% of cases, satisfactory--in 31.4% of patients, unsatisfactory--in 5.8% of survivors. Medical tactics in patients with morphologically unidentified cardiac neoplasms (29.9%) was determined by their small sizes (0.4-1 cm), absence of displaceability followed by risk of embolic syndrome, homogenous echogenicity and clear outlines, absence of hemodynamic disorders and clinical manifestations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis showed that timely diagnosis of pseudotumors and morphologically unidentified cardiac neoplasms is very difficult. Successful operations require normothermic or hypothermic perfusion and pharmaco-cold cardioplegia to provide convenient exposure and adequate myocardial protection, prevention of neoplasm fragmentation with following embolism, correction of concomitant valve diseases, congenital heart diseases and coronary heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Research Center for Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kuznetsova
authors.affiliation: Acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Research Center for Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nechayenko
authors.affiliation: Acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Research Center for Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Podolyak
authors.affiliation: Acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Research Center for Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: A Yu
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Kiprenskiy
authors.affiliation: Acad. B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Research Center for Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Aksyuk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003935:Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D055815:Young Adult