title: Oxidative challenge in Alzheimer's disease: state of knowledge and future needs.
abstract: A large body of experimental and postmortem findings indicate that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with increased oxidative stress (OxS) levels in the brain. Despite the current limitations of OxS assessment in living subjects, recent data suggest that oxidative challenge might increase early both in the central nervous system and peripheral fluids. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the existing literature linking systemic OxS to brain OxS in AD. We firmly believe that continued research aimed at overcoming the methodological and design issues affecting the body of studies in this field is mandatory for successful development of an effective antioxidant-based treatment of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cervellati
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics Unit, Math and Science Building, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romani
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valacchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Squerzanti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, Section of Internal and CardioRespiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Juana Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, Section of Internal and CardioRespiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ortolani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, Section of Internal and CardioRespiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zuliani
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Alzheimer Disease; Antioxidants; Biological Markers; Dementia; Oxidants