title: Behavioral Engagement, Peer Status, and Teacher-Student Relationships in Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study on Reciprocal Influences.
abstract: Although teachers and peers play an important role in shaping students' engagement, no previous study has directly investigated transactional associations of these classroom-based relationships in adolescence. This study investigated the transactional associations between adolescents' behavioral engagement, peer status (likeability and popularity), and (positive and negative) teacher-student relationships during secondary education. A large sample of adolescents was followed from Grade 7 to 11 (N = 1116; 49 % female; M age = 13.79 years). Multivariate autoregressive cross-lagged modeling revealed only unidirectional effects from teacher-student relationships and peer status on students' behavioral engagement. Positive teacher-student relationships were associated with more behavioral engagement over time, whereas negative teacher-student relationships, higher likeability and higher popularity were related to less behavioral engagement over time. We conclude that teachers and peers constitute different sources of influence, and play independent roles in adolescents' behavioral engagement.
authors.affiliation: School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3717, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. Maaike.Engels@ppw.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Maaike C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Engels
authors.affiliation: School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3717, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Colpin
authors.affiliation: Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leopold Vanderkelenstraat 32, Box 3765, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Leeuwen
authors.affiliation: School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3717, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bijttebier
authors.affiliation: Methodology of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3762, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Den Noortgate
authors.affiliation: Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, UZ Herestraat 49, Box 7003 37, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Claes
authors.affiliation: School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3717, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.affiliation: School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3717, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verschueren
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010379:Peer Group; D012929:Psychological Distance; D000070777:School Teachers / Q000523:psychology*; D012928:Social Desirability; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Adolescents; Behavioral engagement; Likeability; Peer status; Popularity; Teacher–student relationships