title: Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus and RNase L R462Q Variants in Iranian Patients With Sporadic Prostate Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although several studies have confirmed the association of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) and prostate cancer, this association is still controversial, as most studies did not detect XMRV in prostate tissue samples. Furthermore, some genetic and epidemiological studies have highlighted a role for RNase L polymorphisms, particularly R462Q, in the progression of prostate cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The focus of this study was on the association of XMRV and RNase L R462Q variants with the risk of prostate cancer in Iranian patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, 40 and 80 individuals with sporadic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia, respectively, were included. The presence of XMRV was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of integrase and nested-PCR for the gag genes. The RNase L R462Q polymorphism analysis was carried out by PCR and sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a total of 40 sporadic prostate cancer and 80 benign prostatic hyperplasia cases, no XMRV was detected by real-time PCR and nested-PCR. RNase L R462Q polymorphism analysis reveals that although there was an increase in the risk of prostate cancer correlated with the Q/Q allele of RNase L at position 462, the frequencies of the RNase L R462Q alleles were not statistically significant between the prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia groups (OR = 2.75 (95% CI = 0.67 - 11.3), P = 0.29).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results did not support the presence of XMRV in the samples with prostate cancer and showed that RNase L R462Q variants had relatively little or no impact on the risk of prostate cancer in Iranian population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Babaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalilvand
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghavami
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kondori
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Rakhshande
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nategh
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mokhtari Azad
keywords: Polymorphism; Prostate Cancer; RNase L; Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus