title: Spatial Abundance and Distribution of Potential Microbes and Functional Genes Associated with Anaerobic Mineralization of Pentachlorophenol in a Cylindrical Reactor.
abstract: Functional interplays of microbial activity, genetic diversity and contaminant transformation are poorly understood in reactors for mineralizing halogenated aromatics anaerobically. Here, we investigated abundance and distribution of potential microbes and functional genes associated with pentachlorophenol (PCP) anaerobic mineralization in a continuous-flow cylindrical reactor (15 cm in length). PCP dechlorination and the metabolite (phenol) were observed at segments 0-8 cm from inlet, where key microbes, including potential reductive dechlorinators (Dehalobacter, Sulfurospirillum, Desulfitobacterium and Desulfovibrio spp.) and phenol degraders (Cryptanaerobacter and Syntrophus spp.), as well as putative functional genes, including putative chlorophenol reductive dehalogenase (cprA) and benzoyl-CoA reductase (bamB), were highly enriched simultaneously. Five types of putative cprAs, three types of putative bamBs and seven types of putative nitrogenase reductase (nifHs) were determined, with their copy numbers decreased gradually from inlet to outlet. Distribution of chemicals, bacteria and putative genes confirmed PCP dechlorination and phenol degradation accomplished in segments 0-5 cm and 0-8 cm, respectively, contributing to a high PCP mineralization rate of 3.86 μM d(-1). Through long-term incubation, dechlorination, phenol degradation and nitrogen fixation bacteria coexisted and functioned simultaneously near inlet (0-8 cm), verified the feasibility of anaerobic mineralization of halogenated aromatics in the compact reactor containing multiple functional microbes.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090 China.|Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 Japan.
authors.forename: Zhi-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090 China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090 China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wen-Zong
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hao-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 Japan.
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 Japan.
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090 China.
authors.forename: Deyong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Mechanisms and Functions, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601 Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanamaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Mechanisms and Functions, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601 Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090 China.|Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ai-Jie
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 Japan.|Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 Japan.
authors.forename: Arata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katayama
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D045858:Desulfitobacterium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D003901:Desulfovibrio / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D018628:Gene Dosage; D015870:Gene Expression; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000235:genetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000378:metabolism*; D019800:Phenol / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002733:Chlorophenols; D019800:Phenol; D010416:Pentachlorophenol; D010088:Oxidoreductases