title: Prognostic Genetic Signatures in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.
abstract: Urothelial carcinoma is a highly heterogeneous disease that can arise throughout the entire urothelial lining from the renal pelvis to the proximal urethra. Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is rare, and while it shares many similarities with urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB), there are also significant differences between UTUC and UCB regarding clinical management and outcomes. No major advances have been made recently in the development of new systemic therapies for urothelial carcinoma, partly due to the lack of understanding of underlying molecular pathogenetic mechanisms. In the past decade, the emergence of next-generation sequencing has greatly enabled genomic characterization of tumor samples. Researchers are currently exploring a personalized approach to augment traditional clinical decision-making based on genetic alterations. In the present review, we summarize current genomic advances in UTUC and discuss the potential implications of these developments for developing prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagrodia
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Eugene K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. colemanj@mskcc.org.|Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 353 E. 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA. colemanj@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coleman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011379:Prognosis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Biomarkers; Genomics; Prediction; Upper tract urothelial carcinoma