title: Impact of structured self-monitoring of blood glucose on the quality of life of insulin-treated Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Results from the COMPASS study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of structured self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) regimen on quality of life (QoL) in poorly controlled insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phase II of the COMPASS trial was a 6-month, multicenter, prospective, single-arm, interventional study. This study recruited 820 outpatients from 19 clinical sites in China who met the following inclusion criteria: type 2 diabetes, insulin treatment for ≥ 3 months, and age 18-65 years, an HbA1c >8.0% (64 mmol/mol), and willingness to perform SMBG. Subjects were advised to follow a structured SMBG regimen specific to their insulin regimen, and were trained to respond to SMBG readings via lifestyle changes and insulin dose self-adjustment. QoL assessments (SF-36) were performed at baseline and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with a mean age of 55.13 ± 9.77 years had an average diabetes duration of 9.83 ± 7.05 years and had been receiving insulin therapy for a mean of 45.4 ± 46.79 months. All QoL parameters were significantly improved following structured SMBG after 6 months, most notably the physical role functioning (p<0.0001) and emotional role functioning (p<0.0001) component scores. Overall, 40.6% of patients rated their overall QoL as 'a bit' or a lot better' after structured SMBG compared with 16.5% prior to the intervention (p<0.0001). SMBG also improved overall feelings of wellbeing, with 39.13% of patients believing that their health was deteriorating prior to SMBG compared with only 14.4% of patients after the intervention (p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structured SMBG program in insulin-treated Chinese outpatients with type 2 diabetes significantly improved QoL outcomes. Physical and emotional role functioning are the 2 QoL scales that demonstrate the largest improvement with SMBG.
authors.affiliation: Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address: jiln@gmail.com.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Tongji University Oriental Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: The First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Nan Fang Hospital, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Insulin; Quality of life; Structured SMBG; Type 2 diabetes