title: APOBEC3G Variants and Protection against HIV-1 Infection in Burkina Faso.
abstract: Studies on host factors, particularly the APOBEC3G gene, have previously found an association with AIDS progression in some populations and against some HIV-1 strains but not others. Our study had two main objectives: firstly, to screen a population from Burkina Faso for three variants of APOBEC3G previously described, and secondly to analyze the effect of these three variants and their haplotypes on HIV-1 infection with Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) present in Burkina Faso. This case control study involved 708 seropositive and seronegative individuals. Genotyping was done by the TaqMan allelic discrimination method. Minor allele frequencies of rs6001417 (p<0.05), rs8177832 (P<0.05), and rs35228531 (P<0.001) were higher in seronegative subjects. The rs6001417 and rs8177832 SNPs were associated with HIV-1 infection in an additive model (P<0.01). Furthermore the SNP rs35228531 was also associated with HIV-1 infection in a dominant model (P<0.001). Odds ratio analysis of genotypes and alleles of the different APOBEC3G variants showed that there is a strong association between the minor genetic variants, genotype of the three SNPs, and HIV-1 status. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that rs6001417, rs8177832, and rs35228531 are in linkage disequilibrium. The haplotype GGT from the rs6001417, rs8177832 and rs35228531 respectively has a protective effect OR = 0.54 [0.43-0.68] with P<0.001. There was also associations between the haplotypes GGC OR = 1.6 [1.1;-2.3] P<0.05, and CGC OR = 5.21 [2.4-11.3] P<0.001, which increase the risk of infection by HIV-1 from almost two (2) to five (5) fold. This study demonstrates an association of rs6001417, rs8177832, and rs35228531 of APOBEC3G with HIV-1 infection in a population from Burkina Faso.
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Tegwinde Rebeca
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Compaore
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Serge Theophile
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Soubeiga
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Abdoul Karim
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ouattara
authors.affiliation: University of Cape Coast, School of Medical Sciences, Microbiology Department, Cape Coast, Ghana.
authors.forename: Dorcas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Obiri-Yeboah
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Damehan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tchelougou
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Mamoudou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maiga
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Maleki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Assih
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Sciences and Techniques of Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon.
authors.forename: Cyrille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bisseye
authors.affiliation: Permanent Secretary against AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bakouan
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Issaka Pierre
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Compaore
authors.affiliation: Permanent Secretary against AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Augustine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dembele
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martinson
authors.affiliation: Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA)/ LABIOGENE, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simpore
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D002050:Burkina Faso; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase