title: Squamous Cell Carcinoma "Transformation" Concurrent with Secondary T790M Mutation in Resistant EGFR-Mutated Adenocarcinomas.
abstract: The authors report two cases of epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR)-mutant stage IV lung adenocarcinomas developing immunohistochemically proven squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) "transformation" concurrently with T790M EGFR mutation, leading to acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Moreover, the histologic change of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma into SCC has been recently reported in literature. The histological transformation to SCC appears as a novel mechanism of acquired EGFR TKI resistance in EGFR-mutated adenocarcinomas and it may be challenging for treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.
authors.forename: Agita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jukna
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Disease Clinic, University Hospital, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montanari
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pathology, University Hospital, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Cecilia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mengoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Advanced Technologies, Unit of Pathology, Azienda Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova/IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavazza
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Disease Clinic, University Hospital, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Covi
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, University Hospital, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, University Hospital, Modena, Italy. Electronic address: federica.bertolini@tiscali.it.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bertolini
authors.affiliation: Unit of Pathology, University Hospital, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; EGFR; Lung; Squamous cell carcinoma; T790M