title: Investigating the reliability and validity of the Dutch versions of the illness management and recovery scales among clients with mental disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Illness Management and Recovery scales (IMRS) can measure the progress of clients' illness self-management and recovery. Previous studies have examined the psychometric properties of the IMRS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the reliability and validity of the Dutch version of the IMRS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clients (n = 111) and clinicians (n = 40) completed the client and clinician versions of the IMRS, respectively. The scales were administered again 2 weeks later to assess stability over time. Validity was assessed with the Utrecht Coping List (UCL), Dutch Empowerment Scale (DES), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The client and clinician versions of the IMRS had moderate internal reliability, with α = 0.69 and 0.71, respectively. The scales showed strong test-retest reliability, r = 0.79, for the client version and r = 0.86 for the clinician version. Correlations between client and clinician versions ranged from r = 0.37 to 0.69 for the total and subscales. We also found relationships in expected directions between the client IMRS and UCL, DES and BSI, which supports validity of the Dutch version of the IMRS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Dutch version of the IMRS demonstrated good reliability and validity. The IMRS could be useful for Dutch-speaking programs interested in evaluating client progress on illness self-management and recovery.
authors.affiliation: a Dimence Mental Health Care Center , Deventer , The Netherlands.|b Department of Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare , Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.|c Department of Public Health , Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.
authors.forename: Peter J J
authors.initials: PJJ
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.affiliation: a Dimence Mental Health Care Center , Deventer , The Netherlands.|b Department of Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare , Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.|d Center for Nursing Research, Saxion University of Applied Sciences , Deventer/Enschede , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Titus A A
authors.initials: TAA
authors.lastname: Beentjes
authors.affiliation: a Dimence Mental Health Care Center , Deventer , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knol
authors.affiliation: e Department of Psychology , Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis , IN , USA.|f ACT Center of Indiana , IN , USA , and.
authors.forename: Michelle P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Salyers
authors.affiliation: g Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Applied Psychology , Deventer , The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sjoerd J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D000073038:Mental Health Recovery; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Illness Management and Recovery Scale; mental health; psychometric properties; reliability; validity