title: Development of Double Eastern Blotting for Major Licorice Components, Glycyrrhizin and Liquiritin for Chemical Quality Control of Licorice Using anti-Glycyrrhizin and anti-Liquiritin Monoclonal Antibodies.
abstract: Licorice is utilized in various food industries around the world for seasoning agents, confectioneries, drinks, and functional foods. Glycyrrhizin (GL) and liquiritin (Liq) are major quality control chemical markers of licorice that have multifunctional bioactivities. Chemical quality control of licorice is important because its component profiles change depending environmental factors (climate, soil condition, and water deficit) and differences between species. Double eastern blotting using anti-GL and anti-Liq monoclonal antibodies was developed for more convenient, rapid, and specific quality control analysis of GL and Liq, respectively. Moreover, double eastern blotting was applied to investigate the immunohistochemical distributions of GL and Liq in the root of fresh licorice; the localization of both components was then clarified visually. This double eastern blotting technique for GL and Liq may serve as a powerful approach for visually determining the chemical quality of licorice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Management, Nagasaki International University , 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, 859-3298 Japan.
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University , 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, 859-3298 Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Morinaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University , 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, 859-3298 Japan.
authors.forename: Takuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uto
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Management, Nagasaki International University , 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, 859-3298 Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University , 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, 859-3298 Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shoyama
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000032:analysis*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis*; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D015151:Immunoblotting / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D044950:Flavanones; D005960:Glucosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C512196:liquiritin
keywords: chemical quality control; double eastern blotting; glycyrrhizin; licorice; liquiritin; monoclonal antibody