title: Organic trace mineral supplementation enhances local and systemic innate immune responses and modulates oxidative stress in broiler chickens.
abstract: The effect of organic trace mineral supplementation on performance, intestinal morphology, immune organ weights (bursa of Fabricius and spleen), expression of innate immune response related genes, blood heterophils/lymphocytes ratio, chemical metabolic panel, natural antibodies (IgG), and oxidative stress of broiler chickens was studied. A total of 1,080 day-old male broilers were assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments, which included basal diet with Monensin (control), control diet supplemented with bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD), and BMD diet supplemented with organic trace minerals (OTM). No difference in feed conversion ratio was observed among treatments; ileum histomorphological analysis showed a lower crypt depth, higher villi height/crypt depth ratio, and lower villi width in the OTM treatment compared to control. Furthermore, OTM treatment resulted in higher uric acid and lower plasma malondehaldehyde (MDA), indicating lower oxidative stress. Gene expression analysis showed that OTM treatment resulted in up-regulations of TLR2 bin the ileum, and TLR2b, TLR4, and IL-12p35 in the bursa of Fabricius, and down-regulation of TLR2b and TLR4 in the cecal tonsils. In the spleen, OTM treatment resulted in up-regulation of IL-10. In conclusion, OTM supplementation to broiler diets may have beneficial effects on intestinal development, immune system status, and survival by improving ileum histomorphological parameters, modulation of Toll-like receptors and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and decreasing level of MDA, which in conjunction could enhance health status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Echeverry
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1 Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yitbarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Munyaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alizadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cleaver
authors.affiliation: Consultant Animal Nutritionist, Bogota, Colombia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Camelo-Jaimes
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2 Canada Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada, C1A 4P3 jrodriguez@upei.ca.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Lecompte
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile / Q000097:blood; D002645:Chickens / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007107:Immune System / Q000254:growth & development; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007422:Intestines / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000276:immunology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000276:immunology*; D014131:Trace Elements
chemical_list: D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: broiler; health; innate immunity; organic trace minerals; oxidative stress