title: Prognostic impact of immunophenotypic complete response in patients with multiple myeloma achieving better than complete response.
abstract: To investigate the impact of immunophenotypic complete response [iCR, ≤10(-4) multiple myeloma (MM) cells defined by multicolor flow cytometry (MFC)] on survival in patients with MM, we retrospectively analyzed 78 patients that obtained conventional CR at our hospital. Survivals were landmarked at achievement of CR. The rate of stringent CR (sCR) among patients with CR was 88%, and iCR for CR and sCR patients were 44% and 49%, respectively. Achievement of iCR was associated with significantly longer disease-free survival (DFS) not only in CR patients (p = 0.009) but also in sCR patients (p = 0.002), while sCR attainment per se did not have statistically significant impact on DFS (p = 0.06) or overall survival (OS) (p = 0.587). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that attainment of iCR was independently associated with longer 2-year DFS in addition to creatinine (≤2.0 mg/dL) and maintenance therapy. This study highlights the importance of pursuing iCR even in patients with sCR.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suehara
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-Taro
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.affiliation: a Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , Kameda Medical Center , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsue
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000276:immunology; D000069286:Bortezomib / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods*; D007564:Japan; D060046:Maintenance Chemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000069286:Bortezomib; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Complete response; immunophenotypic response; minimal residual disease; multicolor flow cytometry; multiple myeloma; stringent CR