title: The use of endothelial progenitor cells combined with barrier membrane for the reconstruction of peri-implant osseous defects: an animal experimental study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this research was to study the efficacy of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) with ß tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) and barrier in the treatment of experimental peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty implants were placed in five American foxhounds. Following osseointegration, ligature-induced peri-implantitis was initiated. EPC were isolated from peripheral blood. Two months later, open flap debridement was performed and implants' surface was decontaminated with 24% EDTA. The sites were grafted with β-TCP and collagen membrane (β-TCP group) or β-TCP loaded with EPC and covered with membrane (EPC group) or left un-grafted (OFD group). At 3 months, animals were killed and specimens sent for histomorphometric and micro-CT analysis. Bone height and %BIC served as primary and secondary outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EPC group showed shorter distance to first BIC (3.29 ± 0.69 mm) compared to 4.2 ± 0.92 mm (β-TCP) and 3.82 ± 0.73 mm (OFD). Mean histological BIC was 2-3 folds higher in the EPC group (17.65 ± 3.3%) compared with OFD (7.55 ± 2.24%, p = 0.01) and β-TCP (5.68 ± 2.91%, p = 0.05). BIC greater than 25% was found only in the EPC group. The distance between the implant shoulder to 1st BIC was 2.51 ± 0.7 mm (lingual sites) compared to 3.64 ± 0.8 mm for buccal sites (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  β-TCP loaded with EPC and covered with a membrane-enhanced bone formation around previously contaminated dental implants in an experimental peri-implantitis canine model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry and Laboratory for Bone Repair, Rambam Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine - Technion (Israeli Institute of Technology), Haifa, Israel.|Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Eli E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Machtei
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karimbux
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry and Laboratory for Bone Repair, Rambam Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine - Technion (Israeli Institute of Technology), Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Hadar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zigdon-Giladi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003646:Debridement; D015921:Dental Implants; D004285:Dogs; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration; D057873:Peri-Implantitis
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: canine; endothelial progenitor cells; experimental; peri-implantitis; progenitor cells; re-osseointegration; regeneration