title: Spatio-Temporal Patterning in Primary Motor Cortex at Movement Onset.
abstract: Voluntary movement initiation involves the engagement of large populations of motor cortical neurons around movement onset. Despite knowledge of the temporal dynamics that lead to movement, the spatial structure of these dynamics across the cortical surface remains unknown. In data from 4 rhesus macaques, we show that the timing of attenuation of beta frequency local field potential oscillations, a correlate of locally activated cortex, forms a spatial gradient across primary motor cortex (MI). We show that these spatio-temporal dynamics are recapitulated in the engagement order of ensembles of MI neurons. We demonstrate that these patterns are unique to movement onset and suggest that movement initiation requires a precise spatio-temporal sequential activation of neurons in MI.
authors.affiliation: Committee on Computational Neuroscience.
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Best
authors.affiliation: Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.|Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Suminski
authors.affiliation: Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Kazutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Committee on Computational Neuroscience.|Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Hatsopoulos
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: local field potentials; movement initiation; sequential engagement; spatio-temporal patterning