title: Long-term exposure to caffeine and carbamazepine: Impacts on the regenerative capacity of the polychaete Diopatra neapolitana.
abstract: The toxicity induced in non-target organisms by pharmaceutical drugs has been the focus of several studies. In the aquatic environment, most of the studies have been devoted to fish and bivalves, while little is known on the impacts induced in polychaetes. The present study evaluated the impacts of carbamazepine and caffeine on the regenerative capacity of Diopatra neapolitana, a polychaete species with high ecological and economic relevance. Under laboratory controlled conditions polychaetes were exposed, during 28 days, to carbamazepine (Ctl-0.0; 0.3; 3.0; 6.0; 9.0 μg/L) and caffeine (Ctl-0.0; 0.5; 3.0; 18.0 μg/L). During the experiment, at days 11, 18, 25, 32, 39 and 46 after amputation, for each specimen, the percentage of the body width regenerated was determined and the number of new segments was counted. The regenerative capacity was assessed considering the number of days needed to achieve full regeneration and the total number of new segments. The obtained results revealed that with the increase of drugs concentrations organisms regenerated less new segments and took longer to completely regenerate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Adília
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ângela
authors.initials: Â
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vânia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calisto
authors.affiliation: Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Valdemar I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Esteves
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Amadeu M V M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Etelvina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Figueira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: rosafreitas@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freitas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000633:toxicity*; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002220:Carbamazepine; D002110:Caffeine
keywords: Diopatra neapolitana; Pharmaceutical drugs; Pollution; Regenerative capacity