title: [Cholesterol and atherosclerosis. Historical considerations and treatment].
abstract: Cholesterol is a precursor of steroid hormones and an essential component of the cell membrane, however, altered regulation of the synthesis, absorption and excretion of cholesterol predispose to cardiovascular diseases of atherosclerotic origin. Despite, the recognition of historical events for 200 years, starting with Michel Chevreul naming «cholesterol»; later on, Lobstein coining the term atherosclerosis and Marchand introducing it, Anichkov identifying cholesterol in atheromatous plaque, and Brown and Goldstein discovering LDL receptor; as well as the emerging of different drugs, such as fibrates, statins and cetrapibs this decade, promising to increase HDL and the most recent ezetimibe and anti-PCSK9 to inhibit the degradation of LDL receptor, however morbidity has not been reduced in cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación de Endocrinología, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Centro Médico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México. Electronic address: zaratre@att.net.mx.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zárate
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación de Endocrinología, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Centro Médico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manuel-Apolinar
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación de Endocrinología, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Centro Médico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Basurto
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Centro Médico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De la Chesnaye
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación de Endocrinología, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Centro Médico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México.
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saldívar
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000266:history / Q000502:physiology*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Aterosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular disease; Cholesterol; Colesterol; Enfermedad cardiovascular; Estatinas; Hipercolesterolemia; Hypercholesterolemia; Mexico; México; Statins