title: Vitreous Microparticle Shedding in Retinal Detachment: A Prospective Comparative Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Microparticles (MPs) are membrane-derived vesicles measuring less than 1 μm in diameter. They are shed from nearly every activated or preapoptotic cell and may exhibit biologic activities in inflammation or apoptosis settings. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether MP shedding was higher in the vitreous of patients with retinal detachment (RD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, comparative study. Levels of vitreous MPs (including phosphatidylserine [PS]-expressing MPs, photoreceptor cell-derived MPs, and photoreceptor cell-derived MPs expressing PS) and soluble proinflammatory factors (i.e., monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and IL-6) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Samples were obtained from 49 eyes undergoing RD surgery and 41 control eyes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitreous levels of all the MPs studied were significantly increased in the RD group. Vitreous MP levels were correlated with levels of at least one proinflammatory factor depending on MP subsets. Concerning clinical parameters, vitreous PS-expressing MP and PS-expressing photoreceptor cell-derived MP levels were higher depending on the duration of RD at surgery, the detached retina surface, and the macula status and were found more sensitive than proinflammatory factors only for the duration of RD at surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitreous concentrations of MPs (mainly derived from photoreceptor cells) are higher after rhegmatogenous RD and found to be correlated with soluble proinflammatory factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Perle
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tumahai
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1098, Besançon, France 3Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1431, Plateforme de BioMonitoring, Besançon, France 4Université de Bourgogne F.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saas
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ricouard
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1098, Besançon, France 3Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1431, Plateforme de BioMonitoring, Besançon, France 4Université de Bourgogne F.
authors.forename: Sabéha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biichlé
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Besançon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Jean Minjoz, Clinical Methodology Center, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puyraveau
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1098, Besançon, France 3Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1431, Plateforme de BioMonitoring, Besançon, France 4Université de Bourgogne F.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laheurte
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France 2Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1098, Besançon, France 4Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1098, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delbosc
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France 2Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1098, Besançon, France 4Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1098, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Maher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saleh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery