title: Custodial-HTK Solution for Myocardial Protection in CABG Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many steps of myocardial preservation during open heart surgery are practical after the development of the heart-lung machine. A cardioplegia solution, infused after aortic cross clamping, is an important aspect. Two-thirds of cardioplegia solutions are an intracellular solution (such as HTK or Bretschneider solution) or extracellular solution (such as blood cardioplegia). Intracellular cardioplegia solution can provide protection for 3-4 hours after one-time infusion, which differs from extracellular cardioplegia solution requiring intermittent use every 20-30 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-control study in CABG patients were reviewed in Cardiovascular and Thoracic Unit, Department of Surgery, Khon Kaen University during April 2011 and September 2012. The study group was divided into groups A and B, for myocardial protection by blood cardioplegia and Custodiol-HTK (Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate) solutions. Baseline data such as age, sex, NYHA, risk factors, associated disease, operation, CPB time, aortic cross clamp time, complication, defibrillation after surgery, ICU stay, length of stay and mortality rate were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study patients in groups A and B were 60 and 65 cases. Defibrillation after finishing CABG in groups A, B was 8.3% and 33.8%. Mortality rate in groups A, B were 1.7% and 4.6%. Other post operative complications were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was significantly more spontaneous ventricular fibrillation after release of cross clamping in HTK group. Clinical outcome of single doses of antegrade, cold Custodiol-HTK cardioplegia solution in CABG surgery protected the myocardium equally well as repetitive antegrade, cold blood cardioplegia.
authors.forename: Sompop
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prathanee
authors.forename: Chusak
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuptanond
authors.forename: Worawit
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Intanoo
authors.forename: Chawalit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wongbhudha
authors.forename: Chananya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karunasumaeta
mesh_terms: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C039984:Bretschneider cardioplegic solution; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D008353:Mannitol; D011343:Procaine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D005947:Glucose