title: Focal stenosis of the sigmoid sinus causing intracranial venous hypertension: Case report, endovascular management, and review of the literature.
abstract: Regardless of the underlying pathology, elevated intracranial pressure is the endpoint of any impairment in either cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption (including arachnoid villi) or intracranial venous drainage. In all age groups, the predominant final common pathway for CSF drainage is the dural venous sinus system. Intracranial venous hypertension (ICVH) is an important vascular cause of intracranial hypertension (and its subsequent sequelae), which has often been ignored due to excessive attention to the arterial system and, specifically, arteriovenous shunts. Various anatomical and pathological entities have been described to cause ICVH. For the second time, we present a unique case of severe focal stenosis in the distal sigmoid sinus associated with concurrent hypoplasia of the contralateral transverse sinus causing a significant pressure gradient and intracranial hypertension, which was treated with endovascular stent placement and angioplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA amir.honarmand@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Amir R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Honarmand
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hurley
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Sameer A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA Division of Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: Tord D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Alden
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuro-interventional Surgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg of School of Medicine, USA Division of Neuro-interventional Surgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaibani
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D003392:Cranial Sinuses / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D012851:Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / Q000150:complications; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Intracranial venous hypertension; endovascular angioplasty/stenting; intracranial venous outflow obstruction; sigmoid sinus focal stenosis