title: Pre-Emptive Avoidance Strategy (P.E.A.S.) - addressing allergic contact dermatitis in pediatric populations.
abstract: Pediatric allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) has been increasingly recognized in the United States. Reported rates of positive patch tests in children referred for suspected ACD range between 27 and 95.6%. Many young children are becoming sensitized to contact allergens found in personal hygiene products. We reviewed five recent pediatric patch test studies to determine the top allergens associated with this source of ACD in children. The top ten allergens were neomycin, balsam of Peru, fragrance mix, lanolin, cocamidopropylbetaine, formaldehyde, corticosteroids, methylchlorisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI), propylene glycol, and benzalkonium chloride. We estimate that one third of children suffering from ACD could potentially benefit from a 'pre-emptive avoidance strategy' (P.E.A.S.) of the stated top 10 allergens.
authors.affiliation: a School of medicine , Loma Linda University , Loma Linda , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: b Preliminary Internal Medicine and Dermatology , San Diego Medical Center, University of California , La Jolla , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.affiliation: c Pediatric Dermatology Clinic , Loma Linda University , Loma Linda , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Golkar
authors.affiliation: d Dermatology Resident , Eastern Virginia Medical School , Norfolk , VA , USA.
authors.forename: Kristyn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: e Dermatology , Children's Specialty Clinic , Norfolk , VA , USA.|f Pediatrics and Dermatology , Eastern Virginia Medical School , Norfolk , VA , USA.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.affiliation: g Contact Dermatitis Clinic , Loma Linda University , Loma Linda , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jacob
mesh_terms: D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003902:Detergents / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D010328:Patch Tests; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents
keywords: Allergy; allergen; contact dermatitis; dermatitis; pediatric; pre-emptive avoidance strategy