title: Sediment characteristics and benthic ecological status in contrasting marine environments of subtropical Hong Kong.
abstract: Sediment characteristics and benthic communities on a finer sampling scale in four contrasting environments in subtropical Hong Kong were analyzed in summer and winter 2012. In two harbour habitats which suffered from historic sewage pollution or hypoxic events, organic carbon, nutrient and trace metal content in the sediment were significantly higher than that in an offshore area and a marine reserve. The relatively low organic and nutrient content in the offshore habitat could be resulted from enhanced resuspension of such materials from the seabed owing to intense water mixing and disturbance caused by bottom trawling. The biotic indices AMBI and M-AMBI were shown to be useful in assessing the benthic ecological status of these habitats. Such indices can also be more sensitive than sediment physico-chemical parameters in differentiating the response of macrofauna to seasonal changes in the benthic environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Alice K Y
authors.initials: AKY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Zhe
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Shou
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Siu Gin
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Electronic address: bhpshin@cityu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Paul K S
authors.initials: PKS
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004463:Ecology; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D006723:Hong Kong; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D010316:Particle Size; D012621:Seasons; D012722:Sewage; D013499:Surface Properties; D014329:Tropical Climate; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Benthic ecological status; Biotic Indices; Marine environment; Sediment quality; Subtropics