title: Channelopathy-related SCN10A gene variants predict cerebellar dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the motor-behavioral and neural correlates of putative functional common variants in the sodium-channel NaV1.8 encoding gene (SCN10A) in vivo in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 161 patients with relapsing-onset MS and 94 demographically comparable healthy participants. All patients with MS underwent structural MRI and clinical examinations (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite [MSFC]). Whole-brain voxel-wise and cerebellar volumetry were performed to assess differences in regional brain volumes between genotype groups. Resting-state fMRI was acquired from 62 patients with MS to evaluate differences in cerebellar functional connectivity. All participants were genotyped for 4 potentially functional SCN10A polymorphisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two SCN10A polymorphisms in high linkage disequilibrium (r(2) = 0.95) showed significant association with MSFC performance in patients with MS (rs6795970: p = 6.2 × 10(-4); rs6801957: p = 0.0025). Patients with MS with rs6795970(AA) genotype performed significantly worse than rs6795970(G) carriers in MSFC (p = 1.8 × 10(-4)) and all of its subscores. This association was independent of EDSS and cerebellar atrophy. Although the genotype groups showed no difference in regional brain volumes, rs6795970(AA) carriers demonstrated significantly diminished cerebellar functional connectivity with the thalami and midbrain. No significant SCN10A-genotype effect was observed on MSFC performance in healthy participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that SCN10A variation substantially influences functional status, including prominent effects on motor coordination in patients with MS. These findings were supported by the effects of this variant on a neural system important for motor coordination, namely cerebello-thalamic circuitry. Overall, our findings add to the emerging evidence that suggests that sodium channel NaV1.8 could serve as a target for future drug-based interventions to treat cerebellar dysfunction in MS.
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roostaei
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Shokufeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadaghiani
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Min Tae M
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Rahil
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mashhadi
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Aria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nazeri
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Sina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noshad
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Mohammad Javad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naghibzadeh
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Abdorreza Naser
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Moghadasi
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Mahsa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Owji
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Rozita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doosti
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Amir Pejman Hashemi
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Ali Shakouri
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rad
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Amirreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azimi
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: M Mallar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chakravarty
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Aristotle N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Voineskos
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. msahrai@tums.ac.ir arashnazeri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nazeri
authors.affiliation: From the MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute (T.R., S.S., Aria Nazeri, S.N., M.N., A.N.M., M.O., R.D., A.A., Arash Nazeri, M.A.S.), Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (T.R., S.S., M.N., Arash Nazeri), Urology Research Center (R.M.), Department of Neurology (A.N.M., M.A.S.), and Department of Radiology (A.P.H.T., A.S.R.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Department of Psychiatry (T.R., A.N.V., Arash Nazeri), University of Toronto; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.T.M.P., M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health Institute, Verdun; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (M.T.M.P.), Western University, London, Canada; Department of Electrical Engineering (M.J.S.), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology (A.A.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; and Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. msahrai@tums.ac.ir arashnazeri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sahraian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D053447:Channelopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D062559:NAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel / Q000235:genetics*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D062559:NAV1.8 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; C568317:SCN10A protein, human