title: Occurrence, distribution and source apportionment of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in sediments and soils from the Liaohe River Basin, China.
abstract: The occurrence and spatial distribution of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) were investigated in sediments, upland and paddy soils from the Liaohe River Basin. Concentrations of ΣPCNs were in the range of 0.33-12.49 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) in sediments and 0.61-6.60 ng g(-1) dw in soils, respectively. Tri-CNs and tetra-CNs were the dominating homologues. An increasing trend of PCNs contamination was found in sediments with the rivers flowing through industrial areas and cities. Soils collected near cities exhibited higher abundance of PCNs than that of rural areas. The distribution of PCNs was related to the local industrial activities, rather than total organic carbon. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used for the source apportionment of PCNs in sediments and paddy soils. The result of PMF indicated that PCNs in sediments and paddy soils were mainly from the industrial processes, with additional contributions from the historical use of Halowax 1014 and atmospheric deposition.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Ningbo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Dongqin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Haijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Yuwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China. Electronic address: chenjp@dicp.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009281:Naphthalenes; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Distributions; Occurrence; Polychlorinated naphthalenes; Source apportionment