title: Adzuki bean ameliorates hepatic lipogenesis and proinflammatory mediator expression in mice fed a high-cholesterol and high-fat diet to induce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a simple steatosis, in which fat accumulates more than 5% in the liver, and regarded as most common liver diseases worldwide. Because NAFLD can be developed to severe liver disease and correlated with metabolic disease, its importance is currently emphasized. Occurrence of NAFLD is strongly related to dietary patterns and lifestyles; therefore, the suggestion of physiologically beneficial food is essential. Based on these, adzuki beans containing anthocyanin, catechin, and adzukisaponin are suggested as a health-beneficial food. Moreover, the effects of adzuki beans on metabolic improvement are not well established through the in vivo studies. Therefore, this study hypothesized that adzuki beans can alleviate lipid accumulation and oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in high-cholesterol and high-fat diet-induced NALFD mice. To demonstrate its effects, 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were allocated into 4 groups and fed a normal diet (ND), a high-cholesterol and high-fat diet (HCD), and HCD with 10% and 20% adzuki bean for 10 weeks. The result shows that fasting blood glucose, serum and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and antioxidative enzyme activity ameliorated in the adzuki bean groups (P < .05). The transcriptional factors of hepatic lipogenesis, such as adiponectin, AMP-activated protein kinase α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase, and apolipoprotein B, as well as proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor α, nuclear factor κB, and caspase-3, improved in both experimental groups (P < .05). These results suggested that adzuki beans attenuate lipid accumulation and oxidative stress-induced inflammation by suppressing hepatic messenger RNA expression of lipogenic and inflammatory mediators in NAFLD.
authors.affiliation: College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sera
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jihye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Chengpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Raok
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Chungpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hskim@sookmyung.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun-Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D007887:Fabaceae; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D050177:Overweight / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D012639:Seeds; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Adzuki bean; Antioxidative capacity; C57BL/6 mice; High-cholesterol and high-fat diet; Lipid metabolism; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease