title: Is current medical education adequately preparing future physicians to manage concussion: an initial evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In 2010, there were 2.5 million hospitalizations, emergency room visits, or deaths associated with concussions in the United States.[1] Knowledge deficits exist among physicians regarding concussion management, which can lead to severe repercussions, including poor patient outcomes, poor patient satisfaction, and potential medical-legal issues. While concussion is a prevalent condition evaluated in the medical field, medical students continue to have a knowledge deficit regarding concussion diagnosis, prognosis, medical management, and return to play guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical students from a mid-western medical school completed a survey on concussion diagnosis, prognosis, medical management, and return to play guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 40%. The data suggests that the vast majority of medical students are able to define concussion; however, most reported never having a lecture dedicated to concussion during medical school and also lacked clinical experience with acute concussion and post-concussive syndrome. There are clear areas of deficiency as noted by the inability of students to correctly identify symptoms and appropriate management of concussion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study indicates that at an individual, mid-western, top 50 medical school, current medical trainees may not be adequately educated to identify and manage concussion. Future research is warranted to determine the optimal guidelines to educate future physicians as it pertains to concussion diagnosis, management, prognosis, and return to play guidelines.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|b University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Donaworth
authors.affiliation: b University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Ravi K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Grandhi
authors.affiliation: b University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|c Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|d Department of Pediatrics , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Kelsey
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Logan
authors.affiliation: b University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|c Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|d Department of Pediatrics , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gubanich
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|b University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|c Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|d Department of Pediatrics , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA.|e The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham , MA , USA.|f Department of Orthopaedics , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Myer
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D038223:Post-Concussion Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D013337:Students, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States
keywords: concussion; medical education; medical students; sports medicine