title: The influence of pretreatment with ghrelin on the development of acetic-acid-induced colitis in rats.
abstract: Ghrelin has been primarily shown to exhibit protective and therapeutic effect in the gut. Pretreatment with ghrelin inhibits the development of acute pancreatitis and accelerates pancreatic recovery in the course of this disease. In the stomach, ghrelin reduces gastric mucosal damage induced by ethanol, stress or alendronate, as well as accelerates the healing of acetic acid-induced gastric and duodenal ulcer. The aim of present studies was to investigate the effect of pretreatment with ghrelin on the development of acetic acid-induced colitis. Studies have been performed on male Wistar rats. Animals were treated intraperitoneally with saline (control) or ghrelin (4, 8 or 16 nmol/kg/dose). Saline or ghrelin was given twice: 8 and 1 h before induction of colitis. Colitis was induced by a rectal enema with 1 ml of 4% solution of acetic acid and the severity of colitis was assessed 1 or 24 hours after induction of inflammation. Rectal administration of acetic acid induced colitis in all animals. Damage of colonic wall was seen at the macroscopic and microscopic level. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in colonic blood flow and mucosal DNA synthesis. Moreover, induction of colitis significantly increased mucosal concentration of pro-inflammatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β), activity of myeloperoxidase and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). Mucosal activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was reduced. Pretreatment with ghrelin reduced the area and grade of mucosal damage. This effect was accompanied by an improvement of blood flow, DNA synthesis and SOD activity in colonic mucosa. Moreover, ghrelin administration reduced mucosal concentration of IL-1β and MDA, as well as decreased mucosal activity of myeloperoxidase. Administration of ghrelin protects the large bowel against the development of the acetic acid-induced colitis and this effect seems to be related to the ghrelin-evoked anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.|Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maduzia
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.|Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matuszyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland. mpcerano@cyf-kr.edu.pl.|Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's University, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ceranowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Warzecha
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ceranowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's University, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fyderek
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Galazka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dembinski
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D020011:Protective Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D004247:DNA; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D019342:Acetic Acid