title: Coral calcium hydride prevents hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced obese rats: A potent mitochondrial nutrient and phase II enzyme inducer.
abstract: Diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by profound lipid accumulation and associated with an inflammatory response, oxidative stress and hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. We previously demonstrated that some mitochondrial nutrients effectively ameliorated high fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis and metabolic disorders. Molecular hydrogen in hydrogen-rich liquid or inhaling gas, which has been confirmed in scavenging reactive oxygen species and preventing mitochondrial decay, improved metabolic syndrome in patients and animal models. Coral calcium hydride (CCH) is a new solid molecular hydrogen carrier made of coral calcium. However, whether and how CCH impacts HFD-induced hepatic steatosis remains uninvestigated. In the present study, we applied CCH to a HFD-induced NAFLD rat model for 13 weeks. We found that CCH durably generated hydrogen in vivo and in vitro. CCH treatment significantly reduced body weight gain, improved glucose and lipid metabolism and attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD-induced obese rats with no influence on food and water intake. Moreover, CCH effectively improved HFD-induced hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced oxidative stress, and activated phase II enzymes. Our results suggest that CCH is an efficient hydrogen-rich agent, which could prevent HFD-induced NAFLD via activating phase II enzymes and improving mitochondrial function.
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Yongyao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Erkang
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Chunhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Yingfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Military Hygiene, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Aeromedicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China. Electronic address: j.liu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiankang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China. Electronic address: jglong@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiangang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004041:Dietary Fats; D006859:Hydrogen; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C507703:NQO1 protein, rat; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Coral calcium hydride; HFD; Mitochondria; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Phase II enzyme