title: Analytical method for fast screening and confirmation of multi-class veterinary drug residues in fish and shrimp by LC-MS/MS.
abstract: A multi-class, multi-residue analytical method based on LC-MS/MS detection was developed for the screening and confirmation of 28 veterinary drug and metabolite residues in flatfish, shrimp and eel. The chosen veterinary drugs are prohibited or unauthorised compounds in Korea, which were categorised into various chemical classes including nitroimidazoles, benzimidazoles, sulfones, quinolones, macrolides, phenothiazines, pyrethroids and others. To achieve fast and simultaneous extraction of various analytes, a simple and generic liquid extraction procedure using EDTA-ammonium acetate buffer and acetonitrile, without further clean-up steps, was applied to sample preparation. The final extracts were analysed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The method was validated for each compound in each matrix at three different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 ng g(-1)) in accordance with Codex guidelines (CAC/GL 71-2009). For most compounds, the recoveries were in the range of 60-110%, and precision, expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD), was in the range of 5-15%. The detection capabilities (CCβs) were below or equal to 5 ng g(-1), which indicates that the developed method is sufficient to detect illegal fishery products containing the target compounds above the residue limit (10 ng g(-1)) of the new regulatory system (Positive List System - PLS).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Junghyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Deok
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Wonjae
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: b College of Pharmacy , Dankook University , Cheonan, Chungnam , Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Beom
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004524:Eels; D005399:Fishes; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012758:Shellfish; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
keywords: LC-MS/MS; Multi-residue analysis; fishery products; validation; veterinary drugs