title: Alcoholic Liver Disease: Update on the Role of Dietary Fat.
abstract: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) spans a spectrum of liver pathology, including fatty liver, alcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary factors, including dietary fat, as well as alcohol, play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ALD. The protective effects of dietary saturated fat (SF) and deleterious effects of dietary unsaturated fat (USF) on alcohol-induced liver pathology are well recognized and documented in experimental animal models of ALD. Moreover, it has been demonstrated in an epidemiological study of alcoholic cirrhosis that dietary intake of SF was associated with a lower mortality rates, whereas dietary intake of USF was associated with a higher mortality. In addition, oxidized lipids (dietary and in vivo generated) may play a role in liver pathology. The understanding of how dietary fat contributes to the ALD pathogenesis will enhance our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms of ALD development and progression, and may result in the development of novel diet-based therapeutic strategies for ALD management. This review explores the relevant scientific literature and provides a current understanding of recent advances regarding the role of dietary lipids in ALD pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. I0kirp01@louisville.edu.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. I0kirp01@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Irina A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Kirpich
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. millerm25@udayton.edu.
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. matt.cave@louisville.edu.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. matt.cave@louisville.edu.|Robley Rex Veterans Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. matt.cave@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cave
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. swati.joshi-barve@louisville.edu.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. swati.joshi-barve@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshi-Barve
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. craig.mcclain@louisville.edu.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. craig.mcclain@louisville.edu.|Robley Rex Veterans Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. craig.mcclain@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Craig J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McClain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006801:Humans; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: alcoholic liver disease; gut microbiota; oxidized dietary lipids; oxidized linoleic acid metabolites; saturated and unsaturated dietary fat