title: Nocardia asteroides peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis: First case in pediatrics, treated with protracted linezolid.
abstract: Nocardia asteroides is a rare pathogen in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. We report on a 13-year-old female with Nocardia asteroides peritonitis complicated by an intra-abdominal abscess. Linezolid was administered intravenously for 3 months and followed by oral therapy for an additional 5 months with close monitoring for adverse effects. The patient was discharged after 3 months of hospitalization on hemodialysis. The diagnosis and management of such cases can be problematic due to the slow growth and difficulty of identifying Nocardia species. The optimal duration of treatment for Nocardia peritonitis is not known. Linezolid can be used for prolonged periods in cases of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant cases with close monitoring for adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Child Health Department, Oman. Electronic address: mnaggari@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Naggari
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Child Health Department, Oman.
authors.forename: Ibtisam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El Nour
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Child Health Department, Oman.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Al-Nabhani
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Microbiology Department, Oman.
authors.forename: Zakaria
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Al Muharrmi
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Oman.
authors.forename: Heba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gaafar
authors.affiliation: Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Child Health Department, Oman.
authors.forename: Anas A W
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdelmogheth
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069349:Linezolid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D009616:Nocardia asteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000069349:Linezolid
keywords: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; Intra-abdominal abscess; Nocardia asteroides; Oman; Peritoneal dialysis; Peritonitis