title: Effects of mindfulness training on different components of impulsivity in borderline personality disorder: results from a pilot randomized study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Impulsivity is considered a core characteristic of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Previous research on the effects of mindfulness training (MT) has shown that it might modify impulsivity-related aspects of BPD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of MT on various facets of impulsivity in BPD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with BPD diagnosis (n = 64) were randomly assigned to 10 weeks of MT (n = 32) or interpersonal effectiveness skills training (IE; n = 32). All participants were assessed pre- and post-intervention with a self-reported measure of impulsivity and five behavioral neuropsychological tasks to evaluate response inhibition, tolerance for delay rewards, and time perception.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An interaction effect of time × group was only observed for some of the behavioral paradigms used. Participants in the MT group improved their ability to delay gratification and showed changes in time perception, consistent with a decrease in impulsivity. No differences were observed between treatments in terms of trait impulsivity and response inhibition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mindfulness training might improve some aspects of impulsivity but not others. Further study is warranted to better determine the effects of mindfulness training on the components of impulsivity.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02397031.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Programa de Cognición, Instituto de Fundamentos y Métodos en Psicología. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elices
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín-Blanco
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feliu-Soler
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.affiliation: Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.|Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Portella
keywords: Borderline personality disorder; Delayed reward; Impulsivity; Mindfulness; Response inhibition; Time perception