title: Early Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells Change their Characteristics Drastically in Association with Murine Melanoma Progression.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) have a critical effect on the outcome of adaptive immune responses against growing tumors. Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) play diverse roles in the regulation of tumor regression or growth, but the characteristics that distinguish those effects are obscure. In this study, we investigated the frequency, phenotype, and function of TIDCs over time from early stages of melanoma growth in mice. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the tumors were infiltrated by a significant population of CD11c(+) major histocompatibility complex II(+) DCs, especially at an early stage of tumor growth. The allogeneic stimulatory capacity of TIDCs increased with tumor growth, whereas this capacity of DCs in lymph nodes decreased. TIDCs harvested at an early stage of melanoma (early TIDCs) accelerated tumor growth, but those harvested at a late stage (late TIDCs) delayed tumor progression when they were coinjected with melanoma cells. Furthermore, coinjection of early TIDCs failed to induce full immunocompetent maturation of CD8(+) T cells, with much lower expression of IFN-γ, granzyme B, and perforin within the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, TIDCs change their characteristics from an immunoinhibitory to an immunostimulatory phenotype over time in association with tumor progression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: nakahara@dermatol.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Junna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kido-Nakahara
authors.affiliation: Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011897:Random Allocation; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D047368:Tumor Burden