title: Acute increase in blood pressure during inhalation of coarse particulate matter air pollution from an urban location.
abstract: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a leading global risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Although exposure to fine PM <2.5 μm raises arterial blood pressure (BP), few studies have evaluated the impact of coarse PM which differs in size (2.5-10 μm), sources, and chemistry. Twenty-nine healthy adults (30.4 ± 8.2 years) underwent a randomized double-blind crossover study involving 2-hour exposures to concentrated ambient coarse PM (164.2 ± 80.4 μg/m(3)) at an urban location (Dearborn, Michigan) versus filtered air. Cardiovascular outcomes were measured during, immediately, and 2 hours after exposures. Both systolic (1.9 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval: 0.96, 2.8; P < .001) and diastolic (1.9 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.7; P < .001) BP levels were higher throughout coarse PM compared with filtered air exposures by mixed-model analyses. Heart rate variability, endothelial function, and arterial compliance were not significantly affected. Brief exposure to coarse PM in an urban environment raises arterial BP. These findings add mechanistic support to the contention that coarse PM may be capable of promoting cardiovascular events.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: J Brian
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bard
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Ritabrata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Zhichao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spino
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harkema
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: J Timothy
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dvonch
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajagopalan
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: robdbrok@med.umich.edu.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000397:Air Pollution; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D014504:Urban Health; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Endothelial function; environment; heart rate variability; hypertension