title: Fluorescent Detection of 2,4-DNT and 2,4,6-TNT in Aqueous Media by Using Simple Water-Soluble Pyrene Derivatives.
abstract: Pyrene-containing water-soluble probes for the fluorescent detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), such as explosive components (2,4-DNT and 2,4,6-TNT) and herbicides (2,4-dinitrocresol, 2,4-DNOC), in aqueous media are reported. In the probes, the introduction of surface-active hydrophilic "heads" at the periphery of lipophilic (i.e., hydrophobic) pyrene "tails" resulted in the formation of highly fluorescent micelle-like aggregates/pre-associates in aqueous solutions at concentrations of ≤10(-5)  m. The enhanced fluorescence quenching of the herein reported architectures is achieved in the presence of ultra-trace amounts of TNT or 2,4-DNT with values of Stern-Volmer quenching constant close to 1×10(5)  m(-1) and a detection limit as low as 182 ppb. The most hydrophilic probes demonstrated higher response to 2,4-DNT over TNT. Filter paper test strips impregnated with 1×10(-5)  m solutions of the probes were able to detect TNT, 2,4-DNT, and other NACs at levels as low as 50 ppb in water.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Igor S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kovalev
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Olga S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Taniya
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.|Ural State Medical Academy of the, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 620014, Yekaterinburg, 3 Repina Street, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Nataliya V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Slovesnova
authors.affiliation: I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str., Yekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Grigory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Sougata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santra
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation. gvzyryanov@gmail.com.|I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str., Yekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation. gvzyryanov@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Grigory V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Zyryanov
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.|I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str., Yekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Dmitry S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kopchuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan-, 731235, India. adinath.majee@visva-bharati.ac.in.
authors.forename: Adinath
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majee
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.|I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str., Yekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Valery N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Charushin
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, K-2, 620002, 19 Mira Street, Russian Federation.|I. Ya. Postovskiy Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy Str., Yekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Oleg N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Chupakhin
mesh_terms: D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000032:analysis*; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D053834:Explosive Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006540:Herbicides; D011721:Pyrenes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D014303:Trinitrotoluene; C023514:2,6-dinitrotoluene
keywords: detection in aqueous media; explosives; fluorescence; fluorescence quenching; nitroaromatics