title: Role of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in the progression of renal disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the role of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in reducing the progression of renal fibrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  adipose tissue-derived stem cells were isolated from C57Bl/6 mice and characterized by cytometry and differentiation. Renal fibrosis was established after unilateral clamping of the renal pedicle for 1 hour. Four hours after reperfusion, 2.105 adipose tissue-derived stem cells were administered intraperitoneally and the animals were followed for 24 hours during 6 weeks. In another experimental group, 2.105adipose tissue-derived stem cells were administered only after 6 weeks of reperfusion, and they were euthanized and studied 4 weeks later. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, the animals treated with adipose tissue-derived stem cells displayed reduced renal and tubular dysfunction and an increase of the regenerative process. Renal expression of IL-6 and TNF mRNA were decreased in the animals treated with adipose tissue-derived stem cells, while the levels of IL-4, IL-10, and HO-1 were increased, despite the fact that adipose tissue-derived stem cells were not observed in the kidneys via SRY analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 6 weeks, the kidneys of non-treated animals decreased in size, and the kidneys of the animals treated with adipose tissue-derived stem cells remained at normal size and display less deposition of type 1 collagen and FSP-1. The renal protection observed in animals treated with adipose tissue-derived stem cells was followed by a drop in serum levels of TNF-α, KC, RANTES, and IL-1a. Treatment with adipose tissue-derived stem cells after 6 weeks, when the animals already displayed established fibrosis, demonstrated an improvement in functional parameters and less fibrosis analyzed by Picrosirius stain, as well as a reduction of the expression of type 1 collagen and vimentin mRNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with adipose tissue-derived stem cells may deter the progression of renal fibrosis by modulation of the early inflammatory response, likely via reduction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory of the Discipline of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Cassiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donizetti-Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory of the Discipline of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Semedo
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory of the Discipline of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burgos-Silva
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory of the Discipline of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cenedeze
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Denise Maria Avancini Costa
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Malheiros
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro - UFTM, Uberaba, MG, BR.
authors.forename: Marlene Antônia Dos
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory of the Discipline of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Silva
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory of the Discipline of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Niels Olsen Saraiva
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Câmara