title: Breed and Lactation Stage Alter the Rumen Protozoal Fatty Acid Profiles and Community Structures in Primiparous Dairy Cattle.
abstract: The protozoal fatty acid (FA) composition and community structure are important to dairy cattle nutrition and their products. The purpose of the study was to observe if the rumen protozoal FA profiles and protozoal community structure differed by breed and lactation stage. At 93, 183, and 273 days in milk (DIM), whole rumen digesta samples were collected from seven co-housed Holstein (H), eight Jersey (J), and seven Holstein-Jersey crossbreed (C) cows. Rumen protozoal linoleic acid was higher at 183 DIM (8.1%) and 273 DIM (8.3%) than at 93 DIM (5.7%). Oleic acid was the most abundant protozoal unsaturated FA (10.1%). Protozoal rumenic acid and protozoa of the genus Metadinium were higher in J (9.9%) than in H (0.52%) and C (0.96%). Protozoa belonging to the genus Entodinium were more abundant in H (45.2%) than in J (23.4%) and C (30.2%). In conclusion, breed and DIM affected several protozoal FAs and genera.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont , 570 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cersosimo
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont , 570 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bainbridge
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont , 570 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
authors.forename: André-Denis G
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont , 570 Main Street, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraft
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D016798:Ciliophora / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000032:analysis; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D010298:Parity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D005227:Fatty Acids; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; C046938:9,11-linoleic acid; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid
keywords: Holstein; Holstein−Jersey crossbreeds; Jersey; bioactive fatty acids; ciliates; conjugated linoleic acids