title: Application of Fractional Wave Packet Transform for Robust Watermarking of Mammograms.
abstract: Exchanging of medical data requires efficient authentication and protection of medical data that can be illegally modified. Watermarking plays an important role in protecting, sharing, and securing medical data. In this work, a robust nonblind medical image watermarking scheme is proposed. The process involves two steps: the embedding and the extraction phase. During the embedding phase, l-level FRWPT is performed on the host image and the watermark is embedded into the modified reference image. In the second phase, inverse FRWPT is performed on the watermarked image to extract the watermark from the watermarked image. The proposed scheme is tested on mammograms images and is subjected to common attacks like Gaussian filtering, median filtering, compression, sharpening, and contrast adjustments. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is robust.
authors.affiliation: Research Scholar, Jain University and Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sambhram Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560097, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Pushpa Mala
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Siddaraju
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Instrumentation, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Bangalore 560060, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Devappa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jayadevappa
authors.affiliation: Research Scholar, Jain University and Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sambhram Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560097, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Kaliyamoorthy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ezhilarasan