title: Sisters who developed piloerection after administration of milnacipran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We previously reported the first case of piloerection in a patient receiving milnacipran hydrochloride (MLP). Here, we now present a second case of MLP-induced piloerection. We discuss this effect in terms of α1-adrenoceptor occupancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  After the first case of MLP-induced piloerection, we monitored occurrence of piloerection in our patients taking MLP. In response to our interview, a 43-year-old woman who had been prescribed MLP by a psychiatrist for depression mentioned that piloerection occurred frequently all over her body, starting soon after initiation of MLP administration (50 mg/day). Although she was concerned at the time, she assumed it might be related to her depression or to coldness in winter. She also mentioned that the incidence of piloerection increased with MLP dose escalation. The piloerection disappeared after several months. Interestingly, the previous patient and the current patient are biological sisters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in α1-adrenoceptor occupancy by endogenous norepinephrine (as an index of the risk of piloerection) in the presence of MLP were estimated. The occupancy values increased with MLP dose escalation, in accordance with the patient's report of the phenomenon. other concomitant drugs, such as nortriptyline, had little effect. Since the two patients were sisters, genetic factors might influence the risk of piloerection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of piloerection appeared to increase with MLP dose escalation in this patient, who was the biological sister of the previously reported patient. Clinicians should recognize the possibility of MLP-induced piloerection in view of its potential impact on patients' quality of life and on drug compliance.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suehira
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Yasufumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000078764:Milnacipran; D010863:Piloerection / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D000078764:Milnacipran