title: Haploidization via Chromosome Elimination: Means and Mechanisms.
abstract: The ability to generate haploids and subsequently induce chromosome doubling significantly accelerates the crop breeding process. Haploids have been induced through the generation of plants from haploid tissues (in situ gynogenesis and androgenesis) and through the selective loss of a parental chromosome set via inter- or intraspecific hybridization. Here, we focus on the mechanisms responsible for this selective chromosome elimination. CENH3, a variant of the centromere-specific histone H3, has been exploited to create an efficient method of haploid induction, and we discuss this approach in some detail. Parallels have been drawn with chromosome-specific elimination, which occurs as a normal part of differentiation and sex determination in many plant and animal systems.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany; email: houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany; email: houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors.forename: Raheleh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karimi-Ashtiyani
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany; email: houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Houben
mesh_terms: D002503:Centromere; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D018745:Genome, Plant; D006238:Haploidy; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics; D000069600:Plant Breeding; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D006657:Histones
keywords: CENH3/CENP-A; centromere; haploid; plant breeding