title: Superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles mPEG350- and mPEG2000-coated: cell uptake and biocompatibility evaluation.
abstract: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) were synthesized by thermal decomposition of an organometallic precursor at high temperature and coated with a bi-layer composed of oleic acid and methoxy-polyethylene glycol-phospholipid. The formulations were named SPION-PEG350 and SPION-PEG2000. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements show that the SPIONs are near-spherical, well-crystalline, and have high saturation magnetization and susceptibility. FTIR spectroscopy identifies the presence of oleic acid and of the conjugates mPEG for each sample. In vitro biocompatibility of SPIONS was investigated using three cell lines; up to 100μg/ml SPION-PEG350 showed non-toxicity, while SPION-PEG2000 showed no signal of toxicity even up to 200μg/ml. The uptake of SPIONS was detected using magnetization measurement, confocal and atomic force microscopy. SPION-PEG2000 presented the highest internalization capacity, which should be correlated with the mPEG chain size. The in vivo results suggested that SPION-PEG2000 administration in mice triggered liver and kidney injury.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The potential use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) in the clinical setting have been studied by many researchers. The authors synthesized two types of SPIONS here and investigated the physical properties and biological compatibility. The findings should provide more data on the design of SPIONS for clinical application in the future.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adny H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Div. Resonancias Magneticas, Centro Atómico Bariloche/CONICET, S. C., Bariloche, Argentina.
authors.forename: Enio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Div. Resonancias Magneticas, Centro Atómico Bariloche/CONICET, S. C., Bariloche, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marcelo Vasquez
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Mansilla
authors.affiliation: Div. Resonancias Magneticas, Centro Atómico Bariloche/CONICET, S. C., Bariloche, Argentina.
authors.forename: Roberto D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Zysler
authors.affiliation: Div. Resonancias Magneticas, Centro Atómico Bariloche/CONICET, S. C., Bariloche, Argentina.
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Troiani
authors.affiliation: Div. Resonancias Magneticas, Centro Atómico Bariloche/CONICET, S. C., Bariloche, Argentina.
authors.forename: Mary Luz Mojica
authors.initials: MLM
authors.lastname: Pisciotti
authors.affiliation: Curso de Farmácia, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Videira, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudriana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.affiliation: Inst. de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Benech
authors.affiliation: Inst. de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oddone
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Zoldan
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: André A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pasa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Electronic address: tania.pasa@ufsc.br.
authors.forename: Tânia B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Creczynski-Pasa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C521492:MPEG350; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C000499:ferric oxide; D019301:Oleic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C028210:monomethoxypolyethylene glycol
keywords: Biocompatibility; In vitro; In vivo; Superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS); Uptake