title: Toxicological Differences Between NMDA Receptor Antagonists and Cholinesterase Inhibitors.
abstract: Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs), represented by donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine, used to be the only approved class of drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. After the approval of memantine by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists have been recognized by authorities and broadly used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Along with complementary mechanisms of action, NMDA antagonists and ChEIs differ not only in therapeutic effects but also in adverse reactions, which is an important consideration in clinical drug use. And the number of patients using NMDA antagonists and ChEIs concomitantly has increased, making the matter more complicated. Here we used the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System for statistical analysis , in order to compare the adverse events of memantine and ChEIs. In general, the clinical evidence confirmed the safety advantages of memantine over ChEIs, reiterating the precautions of clinical drug use and the future direction of antidementia drug development.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jingru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, China gaocan@xzmc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008559:Memantine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D008559:Memantine
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS); NMDA receptor antagonists; cholinesterase inhibitors