title: Application of Faecalibacterium 16S rDNA genetic marker for accurate identification of duck faeces.
abstract: The aim of this study was to judge the legal duty of pollution liabilities by assessing a duck faeces-specific marker, which can exclude distractions of residual bacteria from earlier contamination accidents. With the gene sequencing technology and bioinformatics method, we completed the comparative analysis of Faecalibacterium sequences, which were associated with ducks and other animal species, and found the sequences unique to duck faeces. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques were used to verify the reliability of both human and duck faeces-specific primers. The duck faeces-specific primers generated an amplicon of 141 bp from 43.3 % of duck faecal samples, 0 % of control samples and 100 % of sewage wastewater samples that contained duck faeces. We present here the initial evidence of Faecalibacterium-based applicability as human faeces-specificity in China. Meanwhile, this study represents the initial report of a Faecalibacterium marker for duck faeces and suggests an independent or supplementary environmental biotechnology of microbial source tracking (MST).
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants (Chongqing), Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Da
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants (Chongqing), Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. chrduan@cqu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chuanren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants (Chongqing), Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yaning
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants (Chongqing), Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yunxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants (Chongqing), Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, College of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, College of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment of CAS, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jingsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants (Chongqing), Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. guixue_wang@126.com.
authors.forename: Guixue
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*; D004372:Ducks / Q000382:microbiology*; D000070036:Faecalibacterium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005819:Genetic Markers; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Duck; Faecalibacterium; Host-specific PCR assay; Water pollution