title: Dental pulp in mature replanted human teeth: morphological alterations and metalloproteineses-2 and -9, Annexin-5, BCL-2 and iNOS modulation.
abstract: Tooth replantation, as a treatment concept, has been subject to controversies regarding the mechanism as well as the various parameters underlying this process. This work aimed to study time-related changes in the pulp of replanted mature human premolars through the changes in the levels of certain factors involved in the underlying mechanisms of pulpal tissue healing after replantation. Eleven experimental mature teeth were extracted, immediately replanted in the original socket and left without any other intervention for 1, 2, 3 and 12 weeks before re-extraction. Three premolars served as control. All specimens were subject to histological analysis and the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, Annexin V, iNOS and BCL-2 (anti-apoptotic family) were analyzed employing immunohistochemistry. The results showed degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammatory cell infiltrate, loss in pulpo-dentine interface and loss of odontoblasts in the dental pulp tissue. This was accompanied by increase over time of MMP-9, Annexin V, iNOS and a decrease of BCL-2 and MMP-2, suggesting that apoptosis increased throughout the experimental period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Kings College, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.affiliation: Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Kings College, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angelova Volponi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Uzzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Histology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Spatola
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut Lebanon.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jurjus
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vandevska-Radunovic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000032:analysis*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002648:Child; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000032:analysis*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D014090:Tooth Replantation
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9