title: Predicting Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bioavailability to Mammals from Incidentally Ingested Soils Using Partitioning and Fugacity.
abstract: Soil and dust ingestion is one of the major human exposure pathways to contaminated soil; however, pollutant transfer from ingested substances to humans cannot currently be confidently predicted. Soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bioavailability is likely dependent upon properties linked to chemical potential and partitioning such as fugacity, fugacity capacity, soil organic carbon, and partitioning to simulated intestinal fluids. We estimated the oral PAH bioavailability of 19 historically contaminated soils fed to juvenile swine. Between soils, PAH blood content, with the exception of benzo(a)pyrene, was not linked to fugacity. In contrast, between individual PAHs, using partitioning explained PAH blood content (area under the curve = 0.47 log fugacity + 0.34, r(2) = 0.68, p < 0.005, n = 14). Soil fugacity capacity predicts PAH soil concentration with an average slope of 0.30 (μg PAH g(-1) soil) Pa(-1) and r(2)'s of 0.61-0.73. Because PAH blood content was independent of soil concentration, soil fugacity correlated to PAH bioavailability via soil fugacity's link to soil concentration. In conclusion, we can use fugacity to explain PAH uptake from a soil into blood. However, something other than partitioning is critical to explain the differences in PAH uptake into blood between soils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.|Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.|Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cave
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wickstrom
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5A8, Canada.
authors.forename: Steven D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Siciliano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000378:metabolism*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants