title: Propofol Use in Israeli PICUs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Israel, the recommendation for the use of propofol is age limited. Furthermore, procedural sedations involving propofol must be performed only by anesthesiologists. Propofol is frequently used in the PICUs in Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  PICUs in Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physicians from 13 PICUs (86.6%) responded to the questionnaire. Propofol was used for induction, procedural sedation, and ongoing ICU sedation in 100%, 70%, and 12% of cases, respectively. Eighty-eight percent of the participants limited the duration of propofol infusion to 24 hours at a dose of less than or equal to 4 mg/kg/1 hr, but 40% administered propofol as needed without specifying an upper dose limit. Twenty-five percent encountered adverse effects such as apnea, desaturation, and bradycardia, but only two of the participants suspected propofol infusion syndrome, each in one patient. All the participants agreed to expand the indications for propofol use in the pediatric age group. Ketamine was the drug mostly used instead of propofol (50%), followed by fentanyl (30%), midazolam (30%), and remifentanil (5%). Apart from anesthesiologists, PICU physicians support the use of propofol by physicians who have the technical skills for rapid-sequence intubation and advanced airway management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Off-label use of propofol is an accepted practice in Israeli PICUs. Propofol has a unique profile that makes it an attractive sedative agent in many clinical settings. PICU physicians may want to prescribe it, at least for short periods and at low doses.
authors.affiliation: 1Pediatric Division, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, affiliated with Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 2Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, affiliated with Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 3Pediatric Division, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, affiliated with Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Noa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld-Yehoshua
authors.forename: Baruch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klin
authors.forename: Matitiahu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berkovitch
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abu-Kishk
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D056687:Off-Label Use; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000072736:Propofol Infusion Syndrome; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol