title: Chemical composition, aroma evaluation, and inhibitory activity towards acetylcholinesterase of essential oils from Gynura bicolor DC.
abstract: The compositions of the essential oils obtained from leaves and stems of Gynura bicolor DC. were analyzed by GC-MS. One hundred eight components of these oils were identified. (E)-β-caryophyllene (31.42 %), α-pinene (17.11 %), and bicyclogermacrene (8.09 %) were found to be the main components of the leaf oil, while α-pinene (61.42 %), β-pinene (14.39 %), and myrcene (5.10 %) were the major constituents of the stem oil. We found 73 previously unidentified components in these oils from G. bicolor. The oils were also subjected to odor evaluation. Eleven and 12 aroma-active compounds were detected in the leaf and stem oils, respectively. The abilities of these oils to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were determined. The sesquiterpenoids in the oils were found to inhibit AChE activity more strongly than the monoterpenoids in the oils did. It was suggested that the three main components in each essential oil act synergistically against AChE activity. These results show that the essential oils obtained from G. bicolor are a good dietary source of AChE activity inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University), 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan. miyazawa@apch.kindai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University), 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University), 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (Kindai University), 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C509595:myrcene; C010789:beta-pinene; C024714:caryophyllene; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C005451:alpha-pinene
keywords: AEDA; Acetylcholinesterase; Essential oil; GC–O; Gynura bicolor