title: Normal values of left ventricular mass and cardiac chamber volumes assessed by 320-detector computed tomography angiography in the Copenhagen General Population Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Normal values of left ventricular mass (LVM) and cardiac chamber sizes are prerequisites for the diagnosis of individuals with heart disease. LVM and cardiac chamber sizes may be recorded during cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and thus modality specific normal values are needed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 569 healthy subjects undergoing 320-detector CCTA as a part of the Copenhagen General Population Study. LVM as well as ventricular and atrial volumes was assessed with semi-automated software stratified by gender and age decades and indexed by body surface area (BSA). Mean age was 55 (range: 40-84) years, and 188 (33%) were men. BSA-indexed 97.5th percentile cut-off values: LVM = 80 and 65 gr/m(2), left ventricular volume = 97 and 83 mL/m(2), right ventricular volume = 120 and 102 mL/m(2), left atrial volume = 60 and 57 mL/m(2), and right atrial volume = 85 and 73 mL/m(2) for men and women, respectively. Men had greater absolute and indexed LVM and chamber volumes than women. For both genders, indexed ventricular volumes declined, whereas indexed atrial volumes increased in advancing age groups. For men, indexed LVM declined in advancing age groups. In multivariate analyses, gender, BSA, systolic blood pressure, and hard physical activity accounted for 63% of variance in LVM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this cross-sectional general population study, men have greater indexed LVM and chamber volumes than women, and cardiac indexed volumes vary between age groups in both genders. These findings demonstrate the need for age- and gender-specific normal values for clinical diagnostic purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark mck601@alumni.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mads R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mejdahl
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: J Tobias
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kühl
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: Zara R
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Stisen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: Emma Julia P
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lars V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Køber
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: Børge G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Nordestgaard
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
authors.forename: Klaus F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kofoed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002306:Cardiac Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: atrial; cardiovascular computed tomography; myocardium; population; ventricular; volumes