title: Combining the Advantages of Tetrazoles and 1,2,3-Triazoles: 4,5-Bis(tetrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole, 4,5-Bis(1-hydroxytetrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole, and their Energetic Derivatives.
abstract: In the development of new energetic materials, the main challenge is the combination of high energy content with chemical and mechanical stability, two properties that are often contradictory. In this study, the syntheses and comprehensive characterizations of 4,5-bis(tetrazole-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole and the novel 4,5-bis(1-hydroxytetrazole-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole, as well as their energetic properties, are presented, combining the advantages of the more energetic tetrazole and the more stable 1,2,3-triazole rings. Nitrogen-rich salts of both compounds were synthesized to investigate their detonation performances and combustion behavior calculated by computer codes for potential application in erosion-reduced gun propellant mixtures due to their high nitrogen content. The structures of several of the compounds were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and, especially in the case of 4,5-bis(tetrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole, revealed the site of deprotonation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dippold
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Dániel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Izsák
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany. tmk@cup.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Klapötke
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Carolin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1778-9605
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pflüger
keywords: N heterocycles; cyclization; mechanical properties; nitrogen oxides; structure elucidation