title: Continuous usage of a hair dye product containing 2-methoxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine by hair-dye-allergic individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite a positive patch test reaction to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) and/or toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD), many people attempt to continue dyeing their hair with products containing PPD or its derivatives.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Investigation of elicitation reactions among PPD/PTD-allergic individuals to hair dye products containing the less sensitizing PPD derivative 2-methoxymethyl (ME)-PPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Elicitation reactions were studied in 43 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals by a 45-min pretest with an ME-PPD-containing hair dye on their forearm. Upon a negative result this was followed by exposure to subsequent hair colour treatment(s).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 38 of 43 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals did not develop an elicitation reaction during the pretest with ME-PPD-containing hair dye products, and were eligible for subsequent hair colour treatments. Of these 38 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals, 29 tolerated subsequent hair dyeing with ME-PPD-containing hair dye products, while seven showed mild and two showed moderate/marked allergic reactions upon the first hair colour treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hair dye products with the less sensitizing ME-PPD were tolerated by 29 of 43 (67%) PPD/PTD-allergic individuals throughout continued hair dyeing with an average of nine treatments per year. Five individuals reacted upon pretesting, while only mild-to-moderate/marked skin reactions occurred upon hair dyeing in nine individuals who were not identified by the pretest. To our knowledge this is the first study among PPD/PTD-allergic individuals indicating that a negative 45-min pretest with a hair dye product helps to avoid severe allergic reactions.
authors.affiliation: Global Safety Surveillance & Analysis and Central Product Safety, The Procter & Gamble Co., Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kock
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: P-J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Coenraads
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, University Trier, Trier, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Blömeke
authors.affiliation: Global Safety Surveillance & Analysis and Central Product Safety, The Procter & Gamble Co., Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goebel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology*; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006202:Hair Dyes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010328:Patch Tests; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D006202:Hair Dyes; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C587181:2-methoxymethyl-p-phenylenediamine