title: Fast and large-area growth of uniform MoS2 monolayers on molybdenum foils.
abstract: A controllable synthesis of two-dimensional crystal monolayers in a large area is a prerequisite for potential applications, but the growth of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers in a large area with spatial homogeneity remains a great challenge. Here we report a novel and efficient method to fabricate large-scale MoS2 monolayers by direct sulfurization of pre-annealed molybdenum foil surfaces with large grain boundaries of more than 50 μm in size at elevated temperatures. Continuous MoS2 monolayers can be formed uniformly by sulfurizing the Mo foils in sulfur vapor at 600 °C within 1 min. At a lower temperature even down to 500 °C, uniform MoS2 monolayers can still be obtained but in a much longer sulfurizing duration. It is demonstrated that the formed monolayers can be nondestructively transferred onto arbitrary substrates by removing the Mo foil using diluted ferric chloride solution and can be successfully fabricated into photodetectors. The results show a novel avenue to efficiently fabricate two-dimensional crystals in a large area in a highly controllable way and should have great potential for the development of large-scale applications of two-dimensional crystals in electrophotonic systems.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guoan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn and School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn and School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Yuncheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn and School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Xufeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongrong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn and School of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
authors.forename: Tingsong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education and Institute of Nanoscience, College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China. taiguoan@nuaa.edu.cn wlguo@nuaa.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wanlin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo