title: Regulation of the antioxidant system in cells of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe after combined treatment with patulin and citrinin.
abstract: The effects of combined treatment with patulin (PAT) and citrinin (CTN) on Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells were investigated in acute toxicity tests. In comparison with the controls the exposure of fission yeast cells (10(7) cells ml(-1)) to PAT + CTN (250 μM each) for 1 h at a survival rate of 66.6% significantly elevated the concentration of total reactive oxygen species (ROS) via increased levels of peroxides without affecting the concentrations of superoxides or the hydroxyl radical. This treatment induced a 3.08-fold increase in the specific concentration of glutathione and elevated specific activities of catalase and glutathione S-transferase, while at the same time the activity of glutathione reductase decreased. The pattern of the ROS was the same as that induced by CTN (Máté et al., 2014), while the presence of PAT in the PAT + CTN combination treatment modified the activities of the antioxidant system (Papp et al., 2012) in comparison with the individual PAT or CTN treatment, suggesting toxin-specific regulation of glutathione and the enzymes of the antioxidant system and the possibility that the transcription factor (pap1 and atf1) -regulated processes might be influenced directly by ROS.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Microbial Biotechnology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. Electronic address: pappgab@gamma.ttk.pte.hu.
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Máté
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Nóra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mike
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Microbial Biotechnology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gazdag
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pesti
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002953:Citrinin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D010365:Patulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010545:Peroxides; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004798:Enzymes; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D010545:Peroxides; C000612141:REG3A protein, human; D002953:Citrinin; D010365:Patulin; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Citrinin; Fission yeast; Mycotoxin co-occurrence; Patulin; Reactive oxygen species