title: Effect of vitamin E in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with metabolic syndrome: A propensity score-matched cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin E improves the biochemical profiles and liver histology in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, but the role of vitamin E is not clearly defined in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which includes both simple steatosis and steatohepatitis. Co-morbid metabolic syndrome increases the probability of steatohepatitis in NAFLD. In this study, we aimed to determine the short-term effects of vitamin E and off-treatment durability of response in a propensity-score matched cohort of NAFLD patients with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort was constructed by retrieving 526 consecutive NAFLD patients from the electronic medical record data warehouse of a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. Among them, 335 patients (63.7%) had metabolic syndrome and were eligible for vitamin E therapy. In order to assess the effect of vitamin E, propensity score matching was used by matching covariates between control patients (n=250) and patients who received vitamin E (n=85).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PS-matched vitamin E group (n=58) and control group (n=58) exhibited similar baseline metabolic profiles. After 6 months of vitamin E therapy, the mean ALT levels decreased significantly compared to PS-matched control (P<0.01). The changes in metabolic profiles (body weight, lipid and glucose levels) did not differ between control and vitamin E groups during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term vitamin E treatment significantly reduces ALT levels in NAFLD patients with metabolic syndrome, but metabolic profiles are not affected by vitamin E.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Gi Hyun
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Wha
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong Sam
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ok
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Sun
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaihwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sook-Hyang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Nayoung
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001835:Body Weight; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D057216:Propensity Score; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014810:Vitamin E; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Propensity score; Vitamin E