title: Effects of the Fruit Ripening Stage on Antioxidant Capacity, Total Phenolics, and Polyphenolic Composition of Crude Palm Oil from Interspecific Hybrid Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis.
abstract: In the present study, we assessed for the first time the changes in the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, and polyphenolic composition of interspecific hybrid palm oil extracted from Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis (O × G, Coari × La Mé cultivar) during the fruit ripening process 18, 20, 22, and 24 weeks after anthesis. A progressive decrease (p < 0.05) of phenolic content occurred during fruit development together with marked changes in polyphenol profiles. Significant negative correlations were established between antioxidant activity measured by TEAC (R = -0.954; p < 0.05) and ORAC (R = -0.745; p < 0.05) and the fruit ripening stage, while a positive correlation between total phenolic content was found using either the TEAC assay or the ORAC assay. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was also obtained with oils extracted at 18 WAA. These results highlight that O × G fruits of early ripeness represent a better source of phenolic compounds and may provide extracts with higher antioxidant activities when hybrid palm oil is aimed to be used as a functional ingredient for the development of food or food products with antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana , Bogota D.C., Colombia.
authors.forename: Juanita C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana , Bogota D.C., Colombia.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pacetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.|Research Institute in Food Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gagliardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Natale G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Frega
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana , Bogota D.C., Colombia.
authors.forename: Myriam L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ojeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loizzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tundis
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Udine , via Sondrio 2/a, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lucci
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D007178:Inbreeding; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D059808:Polyphenols; D000073878:Palm Oil
keywords: HPLC-ESI-MS/MS; dietary antioxidants; interspecific hybrid palm; phenols; ripening