title: Conducting Economic Evaluations Alongside Randomised Trials: Current Methodological Issues and Novel Approaches.
abstract: Trial-based economic evaluations are an important aspect of health technology assessment. The availability of patient-level data coupled with unbiased estimates of clinical outcomes means that randomised controlled trials are effective vehicles for the generation of economic data. However there are methodological challenges to trial-based evaluations, including the collection of reliable data on resource use and cost, choice of health outcome measure, calculating minimally important differences, dealing with missing data, extrapolating outcomes and costs over time and the analysis of multinational trials. This review focuses on the state of the art of selective elements regarding the design, conduct, analysis and reporting of trial-based economic evaluations. The limitations of existing approaches are detailed and novel methods introduced. The review is internationally relevant but with a focus towards practice in the UK.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK. d.a.hughes@bangor.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Dyfrig
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dawoud
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Rhiannon Tudor
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Carys
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Policy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parham
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Catrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Plumpton
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ridyard
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Huw
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lloyd-Williams
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Eifiona
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Ardudwy, Bangor University, Holyhead Road, Wales, LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Seow Tien
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Yeo
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011634:Public Health; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods