title: Validation of Shoulder Response of Human Body Finite-Element Model (GHBMC) Under Whole Body Lateral Impact Condition.
abstract: In previous shoulder impact studies, the 50th-percentile male GHBMC human body finite-element model was shown to have good biofidelity regarding impact force, but under-predicted shoulder deflection by 80% compared to those observed in the experiment. The goal of this study was to validate the response of the GHBMC M50 model by focusing on three-dimensional shoulder kinematics under a whole-body lateral impact condition. Five modifications, focused on material properties and modeling techniques, were introduced into the model and a supplementary sensitivity analysis was done to determine the influence of each modification to the biomechanical response of the body. The modified model predicted substantially improved shoulder response and peak shoulder deflection within 10% of the observed experimental data, and showed good correlation in the scapula kinematics on sagittal and transverse planes. The improvement in the biofidelity of the shoulder region was mainly due to the modifications of material properties of muscle, the acromioclavicular joint, and the attachment region between the pectoralis major and ribs. Predictions of rib fracture and chest deflection were also improved because of these modifications.
authors.affiliation: Center for Applied Biomechanics, University of Virginia, 4040 Lewis and Clark Dr, Charlottesville, VA, 22911, USA.
authors.forename: Gwansik
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Center for Applied Biomechanics, University of Virginia, 4040 Lewis and Clark Dr, Charlottesville, VA, 22911, USA. tk4j@eservices.virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Taewung
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-5420
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Applied Biomechanics, University of Virginia, 4040 Lewis and Clark Dr, Charlottesville, VA, 22911, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Panzer
authors.affiliation: Center for Applied Biomechanics, University of Virginia, 4040 Lewis and Clark Dr, Charlottesville, VA, 22911, USA.
authors.forename: Jeff R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Crandall
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D012253:Rib Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012272:Ribs / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012540:Scapula / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012782:Shoulder / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Biofidelity; GHBMC; Human body model; Kinematics; Lateral impact; Shoulder