title: Risk indicators for Peri-implantitis. A cross-sectional study with 916 implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify systemic and local risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighty-three patients treated with 916 osseointegrated titanium implants, in function for at least 1 year, were included in the present study. The implants were installed at the Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development of Dentistry (FUNDECTO) - University of Sao Paulo (USP) - from 1998 to 2012. Factors related to patient's systemic conditions (heart disorders, hypertension, smoking habits, alcoholism, liver disorders, hepatitis, gastrointestinal disease, diabetes mellitus I and II, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, menopause, osteoporosis, active periodontal disease, history of periodontal disease and bruxism), implant's characteristics (location, diameter, length, connection, shape, and antagonist), and clinical parameters (wear facets, periodontal status on the adjacent tooth, plaque accumulation on the adjacent tooth, modified plaque index, sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, bleeding on probing, width of keratinized tissue and marginal recession).
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increased risk of 2.2 times for history of periodontal disease (PD), 3.6 times for cemented restorations compared to screw-retained prostheses, 2.4 times when wear facets were displayed on the prosthetic crown and 16.1 times for total rehabilitations when compared to single rehabilitations were found. Logistic regression analysis did not show any association between the implant's characteristics and peri-implantitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A history of periodontal disease, cemented prostheses, presences of wear facets on the prosthetic crown and full mouth rehabilitations were identified as risk indicators for peri-implantitis. Implants' characteristics were not related to the presence of peri-implantitis.
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Haline Renata
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Dalago
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.|Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Guenther
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-358X
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schuldt Filho
authors.affiliation: Implant Dentistry, Paulista University (UNIP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mônica Abreu Pessoa
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.|Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.|School of Dental Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Renvert
authors.affiliation: Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Aurélio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bianchini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003442:Crowns / Q000009:adverse effects; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000209:etiology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D057085:Tooth Wear / Q000150:complications
keywords: clinical assessment; clinical research; clinical trials; diagnosis; epidemiology