title: Comparison of three ¹⁸F-labeled carboxylic acids with ¹⁸F-FDG of the differentiation tumor from inflammation in model mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare the properties and feasibility of the glucose analog, 2-(18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), three short (18)F-labeled carboxylic acids, (18)F-fluoroacetate ((18)F-FAC), 2-(18)F-fluoropropionic acid ((18)F-FPA) and 4-((18)F)fluorobenzoic acid ((18)F-FBA), for differentiating tumors from inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biodistributions of (18)F-FAC, (18)F-FPA and (18)F-FBA were determined on normal Kunming mice, and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with these tracers were performed on the separate tumor-bearing mice model and inflammation mice model in comparison with (18)F-FDG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Biodistribution results showed that (18)F-FAC and (18)F-FPA had similar biodistribution profiles and the slow radioactivity clearance from most tissues excluding the in vivo defluorination of (18)F-FAC, and (18)F-FBA demonstrated a lower uptake and fast clearance in most tissues. PET imaging with (18)F-FDG, (18)F-FAC and (18)F-FPA revealed the high uptake in both tumor and inflammatory lesions. The ratios of tumor-to-inflammation were 1.63 ± 0.28 for (18)F-FDG, 1.20 ± 0.38 for (18)F-FAC, and 1.41 ± 0.33 for (18)F-FPA at 60 min postinjection, respectively. While clear tumor images with high contrast between tumor and inflammation lesion were observed in (18)F-FBA/PET with the highest ratio of tumor-to-inflammation (1.98 ± 0.15).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrated (18)F-FBA is a promising PET probe to distinguish tumor from inflammation. But the further modification of (18)F-FBA structure is required to improve its pharmacokinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China. hongliang0812@163.com.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. hongliang0812@163.com.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. gtang0224@126.com.
authors.forename: Ganghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kongzhen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sijin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001565:Benzoates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005463:Fluoroacetates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: C544514:2-18F-fluoropropionic acid; D001565:Benzoates; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D005463:Fluoroacetates; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; C014815:fluoroacetic acid