title: Preparation and evaluation of carriers for detection of cholinesterase inhibitors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to use methods of pharmaceutical technology, and prepare carriers in the form of pellets suitable as a filling of detection tubes for enzymatic detection of cholinesterase inhibitors. The enzymatic detection was based on enzymatic hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide and the subsequent colour reaction of its hydrolysis product with Ellman's reagent. The suitable carriers should be in the form of white, regular and sufficiently mechanically resistant particles of about 1 mm allowing it to capture the enzyme during the impregnation process and ensuring its high activity for enzymatic detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Carriers consisting of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, povidone, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were prepared using extrusion-spheronization method under three different drying conditions in either a hot air oven or a microwave oven. Subsequently, the carriers were impregnated with acetylcholinesterase and their size, shape, mechanical resistance, bulk, tapped and pycnometric density, Hausner ratio, intraparticular and total tapped porosity, and activity were measured and recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this procedure, carriers with different physical parameters and different acetylcholinesterase activity were evaluated. It was found that higher acetylcholinesterase activity was associated not only with a higher intraparticular porosity but also with more regular particles characterized by high sphericity and low total tapped porosity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This unique finding is important for the preparation of detection tubes based on enzymatic detection which is still irreplaceable especially in the field of detection and analysis of super-toxic cholinesterase inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vetchý
authors.affiliation: Oritest Ltd., Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vladimír
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pitschmann
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy at Mendel Square, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vetchá
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kašparovský
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Environmental Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Praha, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lukáš
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Matějovský
mesh_terms: D000122:Acetylthiocholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000032:analysis*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; D007785:Lactose / Q000032:analysis*; D008422:Materials Testing; D016062:Porosity; D011205:Povidone / Q000032:analysis*; D013439:Sulfhydryl Reagents
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D013439:Sulfhydryl Reagents; C543539:acetylthiocholine iodide; D000122:Acetylthiocholine; D002482:Cellulose; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; D011205:Povidone; D007785:Lactose; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; C109691:microcrystalline cellulose