title: Association of MTHFR genetic polymorphisms with venous thromboembolism in Uyghur population in Xinjiang, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to reveal the association between Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutations (C677T, A1298C and C1317T) and risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Han and Uyghur population in Xinjiang.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case control study composed of 246 cases, including 86 Uyghur and 160 Han ethnic diagnosed VTE were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2008 to December 2012, and 292 population including 122 Uyghur ethnic and 170 Han ethnic were studied as controls. To detect the polymorphism of MTHFR gene C677T, A1298T, and C1317T, Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied. Fluorescence polarization immunoassay was adopted to determine the plasma levels Homocysteine (Hcy), folic acid and vitaminB12 (VitB12). The association of the polymorphism of MTHFR and levels Hcy, folic acid and VitB12 with VTE was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MTHFR gene C677T genotypes distribution in Uyghur VTE patients and control groups were: TT (27.91% vs. 12.29%), CT (41.86% vs. 52.46%) and CC (30.23% vs. 35.25%), respectively; and in Han VTE patients and control groups were: TT (27.49% vs. 14.71%), CT (44.38% vs. 53.53%) and CC (28.13% vs. 31.76%), respectively, and there were significant differences in TT genotype of MTHFRC677T between VTE patients and controls in both Uyghur and Han ethnic (Uyghur: x(2)=8.070, P=0.005; Han: x(2)=8.159, P=0.004). However, there were no significant differences in the MTHFR gene A1298T and C1317T genotyping distribution frequency in Uygur and Han ethnic between VTE patients and controls (P>0.05). Plasma levels of Hcy in MTHFR gene TT genotype were statistically higher than CT and CC genotype (P<0.05). After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and MTHFR genotype for plasma Hcy levels, multifactor logistic regression analysis showed (OR=1.025, 95% CI 1.003-1.046, P=0.024) and obesity (OR=4.660, 95% CI 1.417-15.324, P=0.011) were independent risk factors for Uygur ethnic with VTE while plasma Hcy levels (OR=1.020, 95% CI 1.006-1.034, P=0.004) and smoking (OR=2.867, 95% CI 1.062-6.586, P=0.024) were independent risk factors for Han ethnic with VTE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our finding supports significant role of MTHFR gene in VTE and evidence of genetically determined HHcy contribute a risk for VTE, and a smoker with tHcy has positive association with a risk of VTE.
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Umesh
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Ailiman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahemuti
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Peng
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Halmurat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Upur
keywords: Venous thromboembolism; gene polymorphism; homocysteine; methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase; uyghur