title: An improved approach to align and embed multiple brain samples in a gelatin-based matrix for simultaneous histological processing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preparation and processing of free-floating histological sections involve a series of steps. The amount of labor, particularly sectioning and mounting, quickly multiplies as the number of samples increases. Embedding tissue samples in a flexible matrix allows simultaneous handling of multiple samples and preserves the integrity of the tissue during histological processing. However, aligning multiple asymmetrical samples, for example small-animal brains, in a particular orientation requires skillful arrangement and securing of the samples by pinning onto a solid surface. Consequently, costly technical services offered by contract research organizations are often sought.
  
  
  METHODS
  An improved approach to align and embed multiple whole or half rodent brain samples into a gelatin-based matrix is described. Using a template specifically designed to form arrayed mouse brain-shaped cavities, a "receiving matrix" is prepared. Inserting brain samples directly into the cavities allows the samples to be effortlessly positioned into a uniform orientation and embedded in a block of matrix.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multiple mouse brains were arrayed in a uniform orientation in a gelatin matrix block with ease using the receiving matrix. The gelatin-embedded brains were simultaneously sectioned and stained, and effortlessly mounted onto glass slides.
  
  
  METHODS
  The improved approach allowed multiple whole or half mouse brains to be easily arrayed without pinning the samples onto a solid surface and prevented damages or shifting of the samples during embedding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new approach to array multiple brain samples provides a simple way to prepare gelatin-embedded whole or half brain arrays of commercial quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501N. Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA. Electronic address: kumi.combs@med.und.edu.
authors.forename: Kumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagamoto-Combs
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501N. Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
authors.forename: Gunjan D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Manocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501N. Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
authors.forename: Kendra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Puig
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501N. Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
authors.forename: Colin K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Combs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005629:Frozen Sections / Q000379:methods; D005780:Gelatin; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010784:Photomicrography; D013395:Sucrose; D016610:Tissue Embedding / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C491049:Aif1 protein, mouse; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D013395:Sucrose; D005780:Gelatin
keywords: Brain array; Embedding; Frozen-section; Gelatin; Immunohistochemistry; Matrix; Tissue preparation