title: Comparison of prevalence of periodontal disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy controls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, affecting 4-18% of them. Previous studies also showed that periodontal diseases are associated with different components of the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to determine the association between PCOS and periodontal diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 196 women (98 with PCOS and 98 healthy controls) were enrolled. PCOS diagnosis was confirmed by history, clinical signs, physical examination, laboratory parameters, and ultrasound studies. Both cases and controls were examined by the same periodontist. Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index, and tooth loss were investigated in all participants. Pregnant women, smokers, individuals with a history of malignancy or osteoporosis, and those taking prophylactic antibiotics for dental procedures or receiving periodontal treatment during the 6-month period before examination were excluded. Data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-square test, and linear regression. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CAL and sites with BOP were significantly higher in women with PCOS (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the tooth loss rate between PCOS and non-PCOS participants (P = 0.384).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of periodontal disease seems to be higher in women with PCOS. This may be related to the role of chronic systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology of both PCOS and periodontal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ehsan
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rahiminejad
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Amirhossein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moaddab
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zaryoun
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Soghra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rabiee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Standard Dental Health Care, Potomac, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Arta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moaddab
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khodadoustan
keywords: Dental plaque index; menstrual disturbance; periodontal diseases; polycystic ovary syndrome