title: Lactobacillus casei BL23 regulates Treg and Th17 T-cell populations and reduces DMH-associated colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic intestinal inflammation alters host physiology and could lead to colorectal cancer (CRC). We have previously reported beneficial effects of the probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei BL23 in different murine models of intestinal inflammation. In addition, there is an emerging interest on the potential beneficial effects of probiotics to treat CRC. We thus explored whether L. casei BL23 displays protective effects on CRC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were subcutaneously injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) weekly during 10 weeks and orally administered with L. casei BL23 in the drinking water until the 10th week. Multiple plaque lesions in the large intestine were observed macroscopically and counted and intestinal tissues were also histologically analyzed. Finally, T-cell populations and cytokine production were evaluated after co-incubation of L. casei BL23 with spleen cells from non-treated mice to determine the immuno-modulatory effects of this bacterium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results show that oral treatment with this probiotic bacterium modulates host immune responses and significantly protect mice against DMH-induced CRC. This protection may be associated with the modulation of regulatory T-cells towards a Th17-biased immune response accompanied by the expression of regulatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-10 and TGF-β), as demonstrated in L. casei BL23-treated splenocytes, but also with the colonic expression of IL-22 observed in vivo on L. casei BL23-treated mice; suggesting the induction of a fine-tune Th17-biased response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altogether our results reveal the high potential of L. casei BL23 to treat CRC and opens new frontiers for the study of immunomodulatory functions of probiotics.
authors.affiliation: INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, UMR 1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.|AgroParisTech, UMR1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lenoir
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Silvina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Carmen
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR496 Unité d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Jouy-en-Josas, France.|CEA, IBiTecS, Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Naima G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Cortes-Perez
authors.affiliation: INRA, UR496 Unité d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, Jouy-en-Josas, France.|CEA, IBiTecS, Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.|Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lozano-Ojalvo
authors.affiliation: INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, UMR 1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.|AgroParisTech, UMR1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Provencio
authors.affiliation: INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, UMR 1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.|AgroParisTech, UMR1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chain
authors.affiliation: INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, UMR 1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.|AgroParisTech, UMR1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langella
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Moreno de LeBlanc
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. leblanc@cerela.org.ar.
authors.forename: Jean Guy
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.affiliation: INRA, Commensal and Probiotics-Host Interactions Laboratory, UMR 1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. luis.bermudez@jouy.inra.fr.|AgroParisTech, UMR1319 Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. luis.bermudez@jouy.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Luis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Bermúdez-Humarán
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactobacillus casei BL23; Probiotics