title: Differential effects of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate containing supplements on correcting skeletal defects in a Down syndrome mouse model.
abstract: METHODS
  Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), is characterized by a spectrum of phenotypes including skeletal abnormalities. The Ts65Dn DS mouse model exhibits similar skeletal phenotypes as humans with DS. DYRK1A, a kinase encoded on Hsa21, has been linked to deficiencies in bone homeostasis in DS mice and individuals with DS. Treatment with Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a known inhibitor of Dyrk1a, improves some skeletal abnormalities associated with DS in mice. EGCG supplements are widely available but the effectiveness of different EGCG-containing supplements has not been well studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six commercially available supplements containing EGCG were analyzed, and two of these supplements were compared with pure EGCG for their impact on skeletal deficits in a DS mouse model. The results demonstrate differential effects of commercial supplements on correcting skeletal abnormalities in Ts65Dn mice. Different EGCG-containing supplements display differences in degradation, polyphenol content, and effects on trisomic bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work suggests that the dose of EGCG and composition of EGCG-containing supplements may be important in correcting skeletal deficits associated with DS. Careful analyses of these parameters may lead to a better understanding of how to improve skeletal and other deficits that impair individuals with DS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Irushi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abeysekera
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Jared
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Taxiarchis M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Georgiadis
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering; Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Alycia G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.affiliation: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Max A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Karl J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Dria
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering; Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Randall J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Roper
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate
keywords: Down syndrome; Epigallocatechin-3-gallate; Mouse model; Skeletal deficits; Supplements