title: Improvement in imaging diagnosis technique and modalities for solitary pulmonary nodules: from ground-glass opacity nodules to part-solid and solid nodules.
abstract: With advances in CT technology and the popularity of low-dose CT as a device for lung cancer screening, the detection rate of sub-solid pulmonary nodules as well as solid nodules has been increased. Distinguishing solid from sub-solid features is an essential step in the CT evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) because strategies for nodule characterization and guidelines for management are different for each category. In addition to conventional CT parameters, numerous novel concepts and modalities have been developed. Although there is currently no single effective method for differentiating malignant from benign nodules, growth rate measurement using volumetry, evaluation of tumor vascularity on dynamic helical CT, dual-energy CT and MRI and physiologic evaluation with PET/CT can all be useful for nodule characterization. New techniques such as tomosynthesis can improve detection over radiography alone. The purpose of this article is to enhance our understanding of the evidence-based strategies involved in diagnosing SPNs.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Min Jae
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Su
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: So Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Chae Jin
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed; D047368:Tumor Burden
keywords: CT; Chest imaging; MRI; PET/CT; biopsy; solitary pulmonary nodule; tomosynthesis