title: Anomalous free energy changes induced by topology.
abstract: We report that nontrivial topology of a driven Brownian particle restricted on a ring leads to anomalous behaviors on free energy change. Starting from steady states with identical distribution and current on the ring, free energy changes are distinct and nonperiodic after the system is driven by the same periodic force protocol. We demonstrate our observation in examples through both exact solutions and numerical simulations. The free energy calculated here can be measured in recent experimental systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.|Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Ruoshi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.|Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ao