title: Phototriggered fibril-like environments arbitrate cell escapes and migration from endothelial monolayers.
abstract: Cell detachment and migration from the endothelium occurs during vasculogenesis and also in pathological states. Here, we use a novel approach to trigger single cell release from an endothelial monolayer by in-situ opening of adhesive, fibril-like environment using light-responsive ligands and scanning lasers. Cell escapes from the monolayer were observed on the fibril-like adhesive tracks with 3-15 μm width. The frequency of endothelial cell escapes increased monotonically with the fibril width and with the density of the light-activated adhesive ligand. Interestingly, treatment with VEGF induced cohesiveness within the cell layer, preventing cell leaks. When migrating through the tracks, cells presented body lateral reduction and nuclear deformation imposed by the line width and dependent on myosin contractility. Cell migration mode changed from mesenchymal to amoeboid-like when the adhesive tracks narrowed (≤5 μm). Moreover, cell nucleus was shrunk showing packed DNA on lines narrower than the nuclear dimensions in a mechanisms intimately associated with the stress fibers. This platform allows the detailed study of escapes and migratory transitions of cohesive cells, which are relevant processes in development and during diseases such as organ fibrosis and carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, CABA, Argentina. Electronic address: salierno@mpip-mainz.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Marcelo J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Salierno
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García-Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, CABA, Argentina.
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carabelos
authors.affiliation: INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiefer
authors.affiliation: Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
authors.forename: Andrés J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany; INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany. Electronic address: delcampo@leibniz-inm.de.
authors.forename: Aránzazu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: del Campo
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness / Q000528:radiation effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D009842:Oligopeptides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid
keywords: Cell migration; Cyclic RGD; Endothelial transition; Photoactive materials