title: Effect of fish oil on monoepoxides derived from fatty acids during cardiac surgery.
abstract: Our objective was to assess the dynamics of monoepoxides derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (MEFAs), and their response to n-3 PUFA supplementation, in the setting of acute tissue injury and inflammation (cardiac surgery) in humans. Patients (479) undergoing cardiac surgery in three countries were randomized to perioperative fish oil (EPA + DHA; 8-10 g over 2-5 days preoperatively, then 2 g/day postoperatively) or placebo (olive oil). Plasma MEFAs derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs were measured 2 days postoperatively. Based on serial measures in a subset of the placebo group, levels of all MEFAs declined substantially following surgery (at postoperative day 2), with declines ranging from 37% to 63% (P < 0.05 each). Compared with placebo at postoperative day 2, levels of EPA- and DHA-derived MEFAs were 40% and 18% higher, respectively (P ≤ 0.004). The n-3 PUFA supplementation did not significantly alter the decline in n-6 PUFA-derived MEFAs. Both enrollment level and changes in plasma phospholipid EPA and DHA were associated with their respective MEFAs at postoperative day 2 (P < 0.001). Under the acute stress of cardiac surgery, n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly ameliorated the reduction in postoperative n-3 MEFAs, but not n-6 MEFAs, and the degree of increase in n-3 MEFAs related positively to the circulating level of their n-3 PUFA precursors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akintoye
authors.affiliation: The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Jason H Y
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis, Davis, CA UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis, Davis, CA UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hammock
authors.affiliation: Tufts Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Boston, MA dariush.mozaffarian@tufts.edu.
authors.forename: Dariush
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mozaffarian
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils
keywords: diet and dietary lipids; inflammation; omega-3 fatty acids; phospholipids; randomized controlled trial; vascular biology