title: Characteristics Predicting Tuberculosis Risk under Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitors: Report from a Large Multicenter Cohort with High Background Prevalence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Screening strategies for latent tuberculosis (TB) before starting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors have decreased the prevalence of TB among patients who are treated with these agents. However, despite vigilant screening, TB continues to be an important problem, especially in parts of the world with a high background TB prevalence. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to TB among a large multicenter cohort of patients who were treated with anti-TNF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen rheumatology centers participated in this study. Among the 10,434 patients who were treated with anti-TNF between September 2002 and September 2012, 73 (0.69%) had developed TB. We described the demographic features and disease characteristics of these 73 patients and compared them to 7695 patients who were treated with anti-TNF, did not develop TB, and had complete data available.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 73 patients diagnosed with TB (39 men, 34 women, mean age 43.6 ± 13 yrs), the most frequent diagnoses were ankylosing spondylitis (n = 38) and rheumatoid arthritis (n = 25). More than half of the patients had extrapulmonary TB (39/73, 53%). Six patients died (8.2%). In the logistic regression model, types of anti-TNF drugs [infliximab (IFX), OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.88-6.10, p = 0.001] and insufficient and irregular isoniazid use (< 9 mos; OR 3.15, 95% CI 1.43-6.9, p = 0.004) were independent predictors of TB development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that TB is an important complication of anti-TNF therapies in Turkey. TB chemoprophylaxis less than 9 months and the use of IFX therapy were independent risk factors for TB development.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Bunyamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kisacik
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Omer Nuri
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Pamuk
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ahmet Mesut
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Onat
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Sait Burak
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Erer
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Gulen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hatemi
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Yesim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozguler
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pehlivan
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ertenli
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Meryem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Can
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Haner
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Direskeneli
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Gökhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Keser
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Fahrettin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oksel
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ediz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dalkilic
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Salih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pay
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balkarli
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Veli
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cobankara
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Gözde Yildirim
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sayarlioglu
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cefle
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ayten
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ali Berkant
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ender
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terzioglu
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akar
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research and Training Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane Military School of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Ankara; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi University, Izmir; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mayis University, Samsun; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.B. Kisacik, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University; O.N. Pamuk, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Int
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D001688:Biological Products / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000188:drug therapy; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: ISONIAZID; TUBERCULOSIS REACTIVATION; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-A INHIBITORS