title: Clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with duration of type 2 diabetes >40 years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) shortens life expectancy by 10-12 years, some patients survive extremely long durations of diabetes. The clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with >40 years T2DM remain unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study was to document the clinical profile of patients with T2DM for ≥40 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study evaluated 157 survivors with >40 years T2DM from a total of 582 773 patients with T2DM enrolled in a Chinese national survey of HbA1c. Two matched case-control studies were performed on long T2DM survivors (cases) separately matched according to: (1) survey day, sex, and survey hospital; and (2) age, sex, and survey hospital. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for long survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with a long duration of T2DM had a mean (± SD) age of 75 ± 10 years. Their T2DM had been diagnosed at a mean age of 32 years and the median duration of diabetes was 41 years. In both case-control studies, long-duration T2DM was associated with an increased risk of hyperglycemia (OR 6.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.89-21.09) and coronary heart disease (CHD; OR 2.18 95% CI 1.01-4.70). However, long-duration T2DM was not associated with a higher likelihood of abnormal lipids, diabetic nephropathy (DN), or stroke compared with patients with a shorter duration of T2DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that Chinese patients with long-term T2DM also had increased risks of hyperglycemia and non-fatal CHD. Further studies are needed to investigate whether survival of these patients was associated with non-increased risk of DN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xilin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: Chinese; diabetic nephropathy; long-term diabetes; long-term survivors; type 2 diabetes mellitus