title: Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Endotoxemia in Young Obese Mexican Subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The gut microbiota plays an important role in human metabolism; previous studies suggest that the imbalance can cause a metabolic endotoxemia that may be linked to weight gain and insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the gut microbiota composition, the lipopolysaccharide levels and the metabolic profile in obese and normal-weight young subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 32 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and 32 normal-weight subjects (BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), aged 18-25 years. Quantification of intestinal bacteria was performed by real-time PCR. Endotoxin units were determined with the test QCL-1000, and biochemical profile was performed under a standard protocol of Spinreact.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obese individuals had a BMI of 34.5 (32.9-36.45) kg/m2, increased triglycerides (123 vs. 70 mg/dl), total cholesterol (168 vs. 142 mg/dl), and LDL-cholesterol (114 vs. 96.5 mg/dl). In obese subjects body temperature was higher than in normal-weight subjects. We found a greater number of Clostridum leptum and Lactobacillus (p < 0.001) and lower numbers of Prevotella and Escherichia coli (p < 0.001) in the obese group. A decrease of E. coli was associated with an increased risk of lipopolysaccharide levels ranging from 1 to 1.3 EU/ml. A positive correlation was found between serum lipopolysaccharides and BMI (r = 0.46, p = 0.008), triglyceride levels (r = 0.44, p = 0.011) as well as waist circumference (r = 0.34, p = 0.040), being more evident in young obese females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subclinical metabolic endotoxemia determined by serum concentration of lipopolysaccharides was related to the smallest amount of E. coli, high triglyceride levels, and central adiposity in obese young persons.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Acadx00E9;mica de Ciencias Qux00ED;mico-Biolx00F3;gicas, Universidad Autx00F3;noma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mx00E9;xico.
authors.forename: Romina Belén
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Radilla-Vázquez
authors.forename: Isela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Parra-Rojas
authors.forename: Norma Edith
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Martínez-Hernández
authors.forename: Yolanda Fabiola
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Márquez-Sandoval
authors.forename: Berenice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Illades-Aguiar
authors.forename: Natividad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Castro-Alarcón
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides