title: Development of a lab-on-chip electrochemical biosensor for water quality analysis based on microalgal photosynthesis.
abstract: The present work was dedicated to the development of a lab-on-chip device for water toxicity analysis and more particularly herbicide detection in water. It consists in a portable system for on-site detection composed of three-electrode electrochemical microcells, integrated on a fluidic platform constructed on a glass substrate. The final goal is to yield a system that gives the possibility of conducting double, complementary detection: electrochemical and optical and therefore all materials used for the fabrication of the lab-on-chip platform were selected in order to obtain a device compatible with optical technology. The basic detection principle consisted in electrochemically monitoring disturbances in metabolic photosynthetic activities of algae induced by the presence of Diuron herbicide. Algal response, evaluated through oxygen (O2) monitoring through photosynthesis was different for each herbicide concentration in the examined sample. A concentration-dependent inhibition effect of the herbicide on photosynthesis was demonstrated. Herbicide detection was achieved through a range (blank - 1 µM Diuron herbicide solution) covering the limit of maximum acceptable concentration imposed by Canadian government (0.64 µM), using a halogen white light source for the stimulation of algal photosynthetic apparatus. Superior sensitivity results (limit of detection of around 0.1 µM) were obtained with an organic light emitting diode (OLED), having an emission spectrum adapted to algal absorption spectrum and assembled on the final system.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsopela
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laborde
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salvagnac
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ventalon
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bedel-Pereira
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Séguy
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Temple-Boyer
authors.affiliation: Université du Québec à Montréal, 201 Président Kennedy, Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Juneau
authors.affiliation: Université du Québec à Montréal, 201 Président Kennedy, Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Izquierdo
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, F-31400 Toulouse, France. Electronic address: attsopel@laas.fr.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Launay
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004237:Diuron / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D058086:Microalgae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004237:Diuron
keywords: Algal metabolism; Electrochemical sensor; Fluidic platform; Herbicide detection; OLED; Ultramicroelectrodes