title: Dietary approaches to stop hypertension influence on insulin receptor substrate-1gene expression: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) Type 1 is a main substrate for the insulin receptor, controls insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the vascular, so it is an important candidate gene for insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to compare the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Usual Dietary Advices (UDA) on IRS1 gene expression in women at risk for cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 44 women at risk for cardiovascular disease. Participants were randomly assigned to a UDA diet or the DASH diet. The DASH diet was rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products and low in saturated fat, total fat, cholesterol, refined grains, and sweets, with a total of 2400 mg/day sodium. The UDA diet was a regular diet with healthy dietary advice. Gene expression was assessed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction at the first of study and after 12 weeks. Independent sample t-test and paired-samples t-test were used to compare means of all variables within and between two groups respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IRS1 gene expression was increased in DASH group compared with UDA diet (P = 0.00). Weight and waist circumference decreased in DASH group significantly compared to the UDA group (P < 0.05) but the results between the two groups showed no significant difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DASH diet increased IRS1 gene expression and probably has beneficial effects on IR risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition/Community Nutrition/Food Science & Technology, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kafeshani
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janghorbani
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Rasol
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition/Community Nutrition/Food Science & Technology, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hasan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Entezari
keywords: Diet; Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet; insulin receptor substrate 1gene expression; insulin resistance