title: Cytotoxicity of Postmodified Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-90 (ZIF-90) Nanocrystals: Correlation between Functionality and Toxicity.
abstract: Using a simple method, the aldehyde groups of zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90) nanocrystals were converted into carboxyl, amino, and thiol groups, without affecting the integrity of the framework. Notably, for the first time, correlations between functionality and cytotoxicity are also demonstrated via in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The positive charged aminated-ZIF-90 presumably results in either perturbation of cell membrane, more efficient cell uptake, or both. Therefore, the half-maximal effective (EC50 ) concentration of aminated-ZIF-90 has a higher cytotoxicity of about 30 μg mL(-1) .
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Szu-Mam
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Shang
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jhe-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Rong-Jie
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Chein
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Renqiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kevin C-W
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jih Ru
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hwu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. nianhan.ma@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nianhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. fshieh@ncu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Fa-Kuen
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Shieh
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry; D000586:Amination; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D008958:Models, Molecular; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D017641:Zeolites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D007093:Imidazoles; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D017641:Zeolites
keywords: ZIF-90; cytotoxicity; drug carriers; metal-organic frameworks; post-modification