title: Prognostic Impact and Clinicopathological Correlation of CD133 and ALDH1 Expression in Invasive Breast Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CD133 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) expression are reliable poor-prognosis markers associated with the presence of adverse biomarkers and subtypes of breast cancer. The aim of our study was to investigate and compare the clinical impact of CD133 and ALDH1 expression in invasive breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 291 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent breast cancer operations from 2005 to 2010 at a single institution were included in this retrospective review. CD133 and ALDH1 expression were determined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD133 and ALDH1 expression were positive in 24.7% and 22.0% of the patients, respectively, and were associated with tumor size, cancer stage, estrogen receptor negativity, nonluminal subtype, triple-negative breast cancer, and recurrence. CD133 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, progesterone receptor negativity, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positivity, chemotherapy, and poor disease-free (p=0.002) and overall survival (p=0.014), but ALDH1 expression was not. Cancer stage (p<0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival in multivariate analysis. Cancer stage (p<0.001) and receipt of radiotherapy (p=0.045) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD133 or the combination of CD133 and ALDH1 expression were more widely associated with the presence of adverse biomarkers and subtypes of breast cancer, compared to ALDH1 expression alone, and these markers may have a potential predictive role and be a helpful tool in the management for patients with invasive breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Jeep
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Duok
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1; Breast neoplasms; CD133 antigen; Prognosis