title: Thrombomodulin gene c.1418C>T polymorphism and risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism.
abstract: Thrombomodulin gene (THBD) is a critical cofactor in protein C anticoagulant system. THBD c.1418C>T polymorphism is reported to be associated with higher risk of primary venous thromboembolism (VTE) but its role in VTE recurrence is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of THBD polymorphism in VTE recurrence. THBD c.1418C>T polymorphism was genotyped by using Taqman polymerase chain reaction in a prospective population based study of 1465 consecutive objectively verified VTE patients. Uni- and multivariate Cox regression were performed for the risk assessment of VTE recurrence. Patients who had VTE before inclusion or had recurrence or died during anticoagulant treatment were excluded. Among the remaining (N = 1046) patients, 126 (12.05 %) had VTE recurrence during the follow up period (from 1998 to 2008). THBD polymorphism was not significantly associated with risk of VTE recurrence in the univariate [Hazard ratio (HR) 1.11, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.59, p = 0.55] as well as the multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex and thrombophilia (HR 1.11, 95 % CI 0.78-1.59, p = 0.54). Similarly, in unprovoked first VTE (n = 614), no association was observed between THBD polymorphism and risk of VTE recurrence (HR 1.22 and 95 % CI 0.78-1.89, p = 0.38). In this prospective study, our results do not suggest a predictive role for THBD c.1418C>T polymorphism in VTE recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. abrar.ahmad@med.lu.se.|Wallenberg Laboratory, 6th floor, Inga Marie Nilsson's gata 53, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden. abrar.ahmad@med.lu.se.
authors.forename: Abrar
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-952X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.|Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sundquist
authors.affiliation: Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zöller
authors.affiliation: Department of Coagulation Disorders, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.affiliation: Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.|Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sundquist
authors.affiliation: Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ashfaque A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Memon
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000235:genetics*; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018180:Thrombomodulin
keywords: Genotypes; Recurrence; Thrombomodulin; Venous thromboembolism