title: Subconjunctival haemorrhage from bronchoscopy: A case report.
abstract: Flexible bronchoscopy has been available for almost five decades. It has evolved as one of the most commonly used invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in pulmonology, and its scope of applications is progressively expanding with the addition of new adjunct technologies such as endobronchial ultrasound, bronchial Thermoplasty, and navigational bronchoscopy. It is a safe procedure with complications ranging from fever, infiltrates, hypoxemia, bleeding, pneumothoraces and death, with most significant complications being bleeding and pneumothorax. We report a case of subconjuctival haemorrhage as an immediate complication of bronchoscopy. To our knowledge this is the first report documenting this rare complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Huey Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ser Hon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Puah
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Leslie Jonathan P S
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: En Qi
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Teo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Sabrina Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Kee San
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Albert Y H
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Dessmon Y H
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abisheganaden
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Akash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verma
keywords: Anticoagulation; Flexible bronchoscopy; Subconjunctival haemorrhage