title: Prostate tumor overexpressed 1 expression in invasive urothelial carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the expression patterns of the proliferation marker prostate tumor overexpressed 1 (PTOV1) in invasive urothelial cancer (UC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Corresponding UC and benign samples from paraffin-embedded tissue of 102 patients treated with cystectomy for invasive UC were immunohistochemically (IHC) assessed for PTOV1. Expression was evaluated gradually separated for cytoplasmic and nuclear staining. Results were correlated to histological and clinical data. To correlate PTOV1 expression with molecular subtypes of UC, analysis of PTOV1 RNA expression data of the Cancer Genome Atlas UC cohort was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTOV1 expression was present in UC and benign urothelium, whereby nuclear staining was significantly more frequent in UC tissue (p = 0.0004). Lower cytoplasmic expression was significantly associated with pathological stage >pT2 (p = 0.0014) and grade ≥G3 (p = 0.0041), respectively. IHC expression patterns did not show correlation to survival data. PTOV1 RNA expression correlated with features of the luminal UC subtype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subcellular distribution seems to be the most important feature of PTOV1 expression in UC. Nuclear localization of PTOV1 along with cytoplasmic decrease in PTOV1 expression was identified as putative surrogate for PTOV1-associated cellular proliferation and dedifferentiation in UC. The functional relevance as well as the potential role of PTOV1 as a biomarker in UC remains to be specified in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany. steffen.rausch@med.uni-tuebingen.de.|Department of Urology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 4-6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. steffen.rausch@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rausch
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hennenlotter
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scharpf
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Teepe
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kühs
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aufderklamm
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bier
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mischinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Arnulf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stenzl
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schwentner
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.|Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Tilman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Todenhöfer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C425183:PTOV1 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
keywords: Biomarker; Bladder cancer; Immunohistochemistry; PTOV1; Proliferation