title: Effects of dietary protein concentration on performance and nutrient digestibility in Pekin ducks during aflatoxicosis.
abstract: A 14-d study was conducted to determine the impact of dietary crude protein concentration on performance, serum biochemistry, and nutrient digestive functions in Pekin ducklings during aflatoxicosis. A total of 144 male Pekin ducklings were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments arranged in a 2×2 factorial with 2 crude protein (CP) (20 and 24% on an analyzed basis) with or without 0.2 mg/kg aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (0.21 mg/kg analyzed). The AFB1 reduced BW gain, feed intake, and breast muscle weight by 33 to 43% (P<0.0001). Serum concentration of protein, glucose, and Ca were also decreased by AFB1 (P≤0.0015), while pancreatic activities of amylase and lipase were increased by AFB1 (P<0.005). Apparent N digestibility was not affected by dietary treatment, whereas apparent ileal digestible energy was reduced 7.6% by AFB1 (P=0.0003). Higher dietary CP improved BW gain, gain:feed ratio, and breast muscle weight (P≤0.021), and tended to improve feed intake (P=0.094), but did not improve serum measures, digestive enzyme activity, or nutrient digestibility. No statistical interaction of AFB1 by CP was observed for any measures. Results from the current study suggest that AFB1 at low concentration can significantly impair performance of Pekin ducklings primarily through inhibited feed intake, as well as influence nutrient digestion processes (jejunum morphology, digestive enzyme activity, and apparent energy digestibility). Higher dietary CP can improve growth performance of ducklings regardless of AF exposure, but did not interact with dietary AFB1 on performance, serum biochemistry, or nutrient digestion in Pekin ducklings from hatch to 14 d.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Maple Leaf Farms, Leesburg, IN. 46538.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murdoch
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Maple Leaf Farms, Leesburg, IN. 46538.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906 applegt@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Applegate
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects*; D004372:Ducks / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D015651:Mycotoxicosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D016604:Aflatoxin B1
keywords: aflatoxin B1; crude protein; digestibility; duckling; gastro-intestinal tract