title: A New High-Throughput Approach to Genotype Ancient Human Gastrointestinal Parasites.
abstract: Human gastrointestinal parasites are good indicators for hygienic conditions and health status of past and present individuals and communities. While microscopic analysis of eggs in sediments of archeological sites often allows their taxonomic identification, this method is rarely effective at the species level, and requires both the survival of intact eggs and their proper identification. Genotyping via PCR-based approaches has the potential to achieve a precise species-level taxonomic determination. However, so far it has mostly been applied to individual eggs isolated from archeological samples. To increase the throughput and taxonomic accuracy, as well as reduce costs of genotyping methods, we adapted a PCR-based approach coupled with next-generation sequencing to perform precise taxonomic identification of parasitic helminths directly from archeological sediments. Our study of twenty-five 100 to 7,200 year-old archeological samples proved this to be a powerful, reliable and efficient approach for species determination even in the absence of preserved eggs, either as a stand-alone method or as a complement to microscopic studies.
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.|University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, CNRS UMR 6249 Chrono-environment, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie M L
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Daligault
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pruvost
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: E Andrew
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gorgé
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guimaraes
authors.affiliation: University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, CNRS UMR 6249 Chrono-environment, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Capelli
authors.affiliation: University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, CNRS UMR 6249 Chrono-environment, 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon cedex, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Bailly
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Geigl
authors.affiliation: Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, UMR 7592, Epigenome and Paleogenome group, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grange
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001106:Archaeology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000469:parasitology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006376:Helminths / Q000235:genetics; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods*; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology; D010271:Parasites / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA