title: Signaling and molecular basis of bone marrow niche angiogenesis in leukemia.
abstract: Angiogenesis, the process of blood vessel formation, is necessary for tissue survival in normal and pathologic conditions. Increased angiogenesis in BM niche is correlated with leukemia progression and resistance to treatment. Angiogenesis can interfere with disease progression and several angiogenic (such as vascular growth factors) as well as anti-angiogenic factors (i.e. angiostatin) can affect angiogenesis. Furthermore, miRs can affect the angiogenic process by inhibiting angiogenesis or increasing the expression of growth factors. Given the importance of angiogenesis in BM for maintenance of leukemic clones, recognition of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors and miRs as well as drug resistance mechanisms of leukemic blasts can improve the therapeutic strategies. We highlight the changes in angiogenic balance within the BM niche in different leukemia types. Moreover, we explored the pathways leading to drug resistance in relation to angiogenesis and attempted to assign interesting candidates for future research.
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shirzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahrabi
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kampen
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahjahani
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. najmaldinsaki@gmail.com.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D015398:Signal Transduction
keywords: Angiogenesis; Bone marrow; Drug resistance; Leukemia; Niche; miR