title: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV: A multifunctional enzyme and potential therapeutic target.
abstract: The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMKIV) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and is primarily involved in transcriptional regulation in lymphocytes, neurons and male germ cells. CAMKIV operates the signaling cascade and regulates activity of several transcription activators by phosphorylation, which in turn plays pivotal roles in immune response, inflammation and memory consolidation. In this review, we tried to focus on different aspects of CAMKIV to understand the significance of this protein in the biological system. This enzyme is associated with varieties of disorders such as cerebral hypoxia, azoospermia, endometrial and ovarian cancer, systemic lupus, etc., and hence it is considered as a potential therapeutic target. Structure of CAMKIV is comprised of five distinct domains in which kinase domain is responsible for enzyme activity. CAMKIV is involved in varieties of cellular functions such as regulation of gene expression, T-cell maturation, regulation of survival phase of dendritic cells, bone growth and metabolism, memory consolidation, sperm motility, regulation of microtubule dynamics, cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. In this review, we performed an extensive analysis on structure, function and regulation of CAMKIV and associated diseases.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research In Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 10025, India.
authors.forename: Huma
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naz
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research In Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 10025, India.
authors.forename: Asimul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research In Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 10025, India.
authors.forename: Faizan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research In Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 10025, India. Electronic address: mihassan@jmi.ac.in.
authors.forename: Md Imtaiyaz
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hassan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D054734:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000201:enzymology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D054734:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4
keywords: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; Calmodulin binding; Inflammatory response; Protein phosphorylation; Ser/Thr protein kinase family