title: Western diet induces a shift in microbiota composition enhancing susceptibility to Adherent-Invasive E. coli infection and intestinal inflammation.
abstract: Recent advances have shown that the abnormal inflammatory response observed in CD involves an interplay among intestinal microbiota, host genetics and environmental factors. The escalating consumption of fat and sugar in Western countries parallels an increased incidence of CD during the latter 20(th) century. The impact of a HF/HS diet in mice was evaluated for the gut micro-inflammation, intestinal microbiota composition, function and selection of an E. coli population. The HF/HS diet created a specific inflammatory environment in the gut, correlated with intestinal mucosa dysbiosis characterized by an overgrowth of pro-inflammatory Proteobacteria such as E. coli, a decrease in protective bacteria, and a significantly decreased of SCFA concentrations. The expression of GPR43, a SCFA receptor was reduced in mice treated with a HF/HS diet and reduced in CD patients compared with controls. Interestingly, mice treated with an agonist of GPR43 were protected against DSS-induced colitis. Finally, the transplantation of feces from HF/HS treated mice to GF mice increased susceptibility to AIEC infection. Together, our results demonstrate that a Western diet could aggravate the inflammatory process and that the activation of the GPR43 receptor pathway could be used as a new strategy to treat CD patients.
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agus
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Jérémy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Denizot
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thévenot
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinez-Medina
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massier
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Digestive Surgery Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand 63000, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sauvanet
authors.affiliation: UR454 Microbiology Division, INRA, Research Centre of Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, 63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernalier-Donadille
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology and Hospital-Related Biobank (BB 0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, and IRCAN CNRS UMR 7284, Inserm U1081, Nice Sophia Antipolis University, France.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Bacteriology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand 63000, France.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Génie Biologique, Aubière, France.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Billard
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, M2iSH, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Unité Sous Contrat 2018 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand, France.|Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Génie Biologique, Aubière, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barnich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D044482:Benzeneacetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D066273:Diet, Western / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
chemical_list: D044482:Benzeneacetamides; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; C506481:Ffar2 protein, mouse; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate