title: Cumulative scores based on plasma D-dimer and serum albumin levels predict survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with transthoracic esophagectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, studies have shown that plasma D-dimer and serum albumin are prognostic markers for esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel prognostic scoring system--DA score (combination of preoperative plasma D-dimer and serum albumin levels)--and analyze the association between survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their Glasgow prognostic score.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective study, preoperative biochemical markers and clinicopathologic factors in 260 ESCC patients treated with transthoracic esophagectomy were reviewed. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis, the cutoff values of D-dimer and albumin were defined as 0.5 μg/mL and 43.8 g/L, respectively. Patients with high D-dimer levels (≥0.5 μg/mL) and low albumin levels (<43.8 g/L) were assigned a score of 2, those with only one of the two abnormalities were assigned a score of 1, and those with neither of the two abnormalities were assigned a score of 0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ESCC patients with a DA score of 0, 1, and 2 numbered 55, 116, and 89, respectively. Survival analysis showed that patients with a DA score of 2 had lower overall survival (OS) rates than those with DA scores of 1 and 0 (37.1% vs. 52.6% and 76.4%, P < 0.001); similar findings were observed for disease-free survival (DFS) rates (32.6% vs. 44.8% and 67.3%, P < 0.001). In addition, the predictive value of the DA score was also significant in patients with stages I-IIA and stages IIB-IV ESCC. Multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that hazard ratios (HRs) for predicting OS of patients with DA scores 1 and 2 were 2.25 (P = 0.010) and 3.14 (P < 0.001), respectively, compared with those with a DA score of 0, and HRs for predicting DFS of patients with DA scores of 1 and 2 were 1.86 (P = 0.023) and 2.68 (P < 0.001), respectively, compared with those with a DA scores of 0.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that preoperative DA scores are notably associated with postoperative survival of ESCC patients.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangdong, 510060, Guangzhou, P.R. China. 15989135304@163.com.|Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, 400030, P.R. China. 15989135304@163.com.
authors.forename: De-Qing
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangdong, 510060, Guangzhou, P.R. China. Liff@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Fang-Fang
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangdong, 510060, Guangzhou, P.R. China. jiaweih@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D012709:Serum Albumin; C036309:fibrin fragment D