title: Two stages of parafoveal processing during reading: Evidence from a display change detection task.
abstract: We used a display change detection paradigm (Slattery, Angele, & Rayner Human Perception and Performance, 37, 1924-1938 2011) to investigate whether display change detection uses orthographic regularity and whether detection is affected by the processing difficulty of the word preceding the boundary that triggers the display change. Subjects were significantly more sensitive to display changes when the change was from a nonwordlike preview than when the change was from a wordlike preview, but the preview benefit effect on the target word was not affected by whether the preview was wordlike or nonwordlike. Additionally, we did not find any influence of preboundary word frequency on display change detection performance. Our results suggest that display change detection and lexical processing do not use the same cognitive mechanisms. We propose that parafoveal processing takes place in two stages: an early, orthography-based, preattentional stage, and a late, attention-dependent lexical access stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH125BB, Dorset, UK. bangele@bournemouth.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Angele
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH125BB, Dorset, UK.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Slattery
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rayner
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011932:Reading; D012660:Semantics; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Display change detection; Display changes; Eye movements; Gaze-contingent boundary paradigm; Reading