title: Comparison of Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (BRTO) Using Ethanolamine Oleate (EO), BRTO Using Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate (STS) Foam and Vascular Plug-Assisted Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (PARTO).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical outcomes of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) using ethanolamine oleate (EO), BRTO using sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) foam, and vascular plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration (PARTO).
  
  
  METHODS
  From April 2004 to February 2015, ninety-five patients underwent retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric varices were analyzed retrospectively. BRTO with EO was performed in 49 patients, BRTO with STS foam in 25, and PARTO in 21. Among them, we obtained follow-up data in 70 patients. Recurrence of gastric varices was evaluated by follow-up endoscopy or CT. Medical records were reviewed for the clinical efficacy. Statistical analyses were performed by Kaplan-Meier method, Chi-square, Fisher's, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Technical and clinical success was 94.7 %. As major complications, a hemoglobinuria and a death due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were occurred in two patients with BRTO using EO. Recurrence occurred more frequently in PARTO group (P < 0.05). Recurrence occurred in three patients in BRTO using EO group and four patients in PARTO group with 3.2 and 32.8 % of each expected 1-year recurrence rates. There was no recurrence in BRTO using STS group. Abdominal pain occurred more frequently in BRTO using EO than BRTO using STS foam and PARTO (P < 0.05). Procedure time of PARTO was shorter than two conventional BRTOs (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BRTO using STS foam or PARTO is better than BRTO using EO for treatment of gastric varices in terms of complication or procedure time. However, PARTO showed frequent recurrence of gastric varices during the long-term follow-up rather than BRTO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 56 Dalseong-Ro, Jun-Gu, Daegu, 700-712, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 56 Dalseong-Ro, Jun-Gu, Daegu, 700-712, Korea. yhkim68@dsmc.or.kr.
authors.forename: Young Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 56 Dalseong-Ro, Jun-Gu, Daegu, 700-712, Korea.
authors.forename: Chan Sun
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Ung Rae
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 56 Dalseong-Ro, Jun-Gu, Daegu, 700-712, Korea.
authors.forename: See Hyung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 56 Dalseong-Ro, Jun-Gu, Daegu, 700-712, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D021721:Balloon Occlusion / Q000379:methods*; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009829:Oleic Acids; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate; C033343:ethanolamine oleate
keywords: BRTO; Gastric varix; PARTO; Plug-assisted transvenous obliteration; Vascular plug