title: Long-Term High-Temperature Stability of Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets in Arab-D and API Brine.
abstract: Partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) was covalently functionalized with a zwitterionic polymer polyzwitterionic polymer to afford a composite material with excellent dispersibility and long-term stability in high salinity brines including standard API and Arab-D found in deep oil reservoirs. When heated at 90 °C, the dispersions remained stable in excess of 140 days. These results suggest the utility of imidazolium-based polymers for brine stabilization as well as the use of diazonium containing polymers for a "grafting-to" approach to nanocarbon functionalization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zuniga
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Goods
authors.affiliation: Aramco Services Company , 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Swager
keywords: brine stability; diazonium salts; grafting-to; graphene oxide; high salinity; imidazolium; reservoir imaging