title: Efficacy of 13.3 mg/24 h versus 4.6 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch on activities of daily living in severe Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Investigate efficacy of 13.3 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease on Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Scale-Severe Impairment Version items and domains.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of the 24-week, randomized, double-blind ACTivities of daily living and cognitION (ACTION) study, using factor analysis to establish "best fit" for Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Scale-Severe Impairment Version items into domains. Treatment differences (13.3 vs 4.6 mg/24 h patch) on items and domains were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 632 patients provided Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Scale-Severe Impairment Version data. Factor analysis yielded four domains. The 13.3 versus 4.6 mg/24 h patch demonstrated significantly greater efficacy on "Daily function" (p = 0.038), supported by greatest effect sizes on items within this domain, and trend toward greater efficacy on "Communication" (p = 0.052). No significant between-group differences were observed on "Independence" (p = 0.600) or "Environment" (p = 0.261).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 13.3 mg/24 h patch was superior to 4.6 mg/24 h patch on "Daily function" in severe Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, Marietta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Micca
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Disease Center, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Galvin
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Drew M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Velting
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Xiangyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
keywords: Activities of Daily Living; Alzheimer’s disease; factor analysis; patch; rivastigmine; severe