title: Comparison of two cognitive interventions for adults experiencing executive dysfunction post-stroke: a pilot study.
abstract: Purpose This pilot partially randomised controlled trial compared the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of two promising interventions for persons with executive dysfunction post-stroke: (1) occupation-based strategy training using an adapted version of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach; and (2) Computer-based EF training (COMPUTER training). Method Participants received 16 h of either CO-OP or COMPUTER training. We assessed feasibility and acceptability of each intervention, and change in intervention outcomes at baseline, post-intervention and one-month follow-up. Performance and satisfaction with performance in self-selected everyday life goals were measured by the participant and the significant other-rated Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Other intervention outcomes included changes in EF impairment, participation in daily life and self-efficacy. Results Six participants received CO-OP and five received COMPUTER training: one in each group discontinued the intervention for medical reasons unrelated to the intervention. The remaining nine participants completed all 16 sessions. Participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with both interventions. Both treatment groups showed large improvements in self and significant other-rated performance and satisfaction with performance on their goals immediately post-intervention and at follow-up (CO-OP: effect sizes (ES) = 1.6-3.5; COMPUTER: ES = 0.9-4.0), with statistically significant within-group differences in CO-OP (p < 0.05). The COMPUTER group also showed large improvements in some areas of EF impairment targeted by the computerised tasks (ES = 0.9-1.6); the CO-OP group demonstrated large improvements in self-efficacy for performing everyday activities (ES = 1.5). Conclusions Our findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of using both CO-OP and COMPUTER training with patients with executive dysfunction post-stroke. Implications for Rehabilitation Computerised executive function training and occupation-based strategy training are feasible to deliver and acceptable to persons with executive dysfunction post-stroke. Preliminary evidence suggests that both interventions have a positive impact on real-world outcomes; and, that CO-OP might have a greater impact on improving self-efficacy for performing everyday activities.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Occupational Therapy , Université Du Québec À Trois-Rivières , Trois-Rivières , Quebec , Canada.|b Centre Interdisciplinaire De Recherche En Réadaptation Et En Intégration Sociale , Quebec , Quebec , Canada.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Poulin
authors.affiliation: c School of Physical and Occupational Therapy , McGill University, Centre De Recherche Interdisciplinaire En Réadaptation Du Montréal Métropolitain , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
authors.forename: Nicol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Korner-Bitensky
authors.affiliation: d Department of Psychology and PERFORM Centre , Concordia University , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bherer
authors.affiliation: e Department of Psychology , University of Québec at Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lussier
authors.affiliation: f Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy & Rehabilitation Science Institute , University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Rotman Research Institute , Baycrest , Canada.
authors.forename: Deirdre R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011792:Quebec; D020377:Self Efficacy; D020521:Stroke / Q000523:psychology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation
keywords: Cognitive rehabilitation; computerised training; executive function; strategy training; stroke