title: Comparison of CAIPIRINHA-VIBE, Radial-VIBE, and conventional VIBE sequences for dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI: A validation study using a DCE-MRI phantom.
abstract: To validate radial acquisition of volumetric interpolated breath hold examination (Radial-VIBE) and the controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA-VIBE) sequences for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) by comparing them to conventional VIBE sequence using a phantom.
  
  
  
  On a DCE-MRI phantom containing various concentrations of NiCl2 solutions, six minutes of dynamic series and T1 mapping with variable flip angle methods were acquired using conventional VIBE, Radial-VIBE, and CAIPIRINHA-VIBE sequences on 3.0-T scanners. Signal stability and signal linearity were tested for dynamic series and the precision of R1 values were tested for T1 mapping series. The scans were repeatedly performed at two weeks and three months to test repeatability/reproducibility, assessed by within-subject coefficient of variation (WSCV).
  
  
  
  Signal stability over six minutes was excellent in all three sequences. Regarding the signal linearity, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE demonstrated the highest linear correlation (r=0.963), followed by conventional VIBE (r=0.959) and Radial-VIBE (r=0.953). Regarding the R1 precision, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (r=0.985) was the most accurate, followed by conventional VIBE (r=0.861) and Radial-VIBE (r=0.442). CAIPIRINHA-VIBE showed excellent repeatability/reproducibility (WSCV, 1.79-6.71%) compared with Radial-VIBE (WSCV, 2.04-67.2%) and conventional VIBE (WSCV, 3.4-31.9%).
  
  
  
  In terms of signal stability, signal linearity, R1 precision, and repeatability/reproducibility, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE demonstrated outstanding performance for DCE-MRI compared with Radial-VIBE and conventional VIBE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 165 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bohyun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Kyung
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nieun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Kon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoonseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Cheol
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, 23 Chungjung-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Seong
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, Henkestrabe, 127, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: medimash@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kyung Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D062485:Breath Holding; D003287:Contrast Media; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Dynamic contrast-enhanced; MRI; Parallel imaging; Phantom; Validation