title: Long-term change in respiratory function following spinal cord injury.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To model the effect of time since injury on longitudinal respiratory function measures in spinal cord injured-individuals and to investigate the effect of patient characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 173 people who sustained a spinal cord injury between 1966 and April 2013 and who had previously participated in research or who underwent clinically indicated outpatient respiratory function tests at the Austin Hospital in Melbourne, Australia, were included in the study. At least two measurements over time were available for analysis in 59 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal data analysis was performed using generalised linear regression models to determine changes in respiratory function following spinal cord injury from immediately post injury to many years later. Secondly, we explored whether injury severity, age, gender and body mass index (BMI) at injury altered the time-dependent change in respiratory function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The generalised linear regression model showed no significant change (P=0.276) in respiratory function measured in (forced) vital capacity ((F)VC) after the spinal cord injury. However, significant (P<0.05) differences in respiratory function over time were found when categorising age and BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This clinical cohort with long-term, repeated measurements of respiratory function showed no significant overall change in respiratory function over 23 years. However, a decline in respiratory function over time was observed in subgroups of individuals older than 30 years at the onset of injury and in those with a BMI>30 kg m(-2).
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre. Department of Physiology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Institute for Breathing and Sleep. Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Silfhout
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre. Department of Physiology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Institute for Breathing and Sleep. Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: A E J
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Institute for Breathing and Sleep. Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Berlowitz
authors.affiliation: Institute for Breathing and Sleep. Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schembri
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre. Department of Physiology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thijssen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Breathing and Sleep. Austin Health, Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graco
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult