title: Microautologous Fat Transplantation for Primary Augmentation Rhinoplasty: Long-Term Monitoring of 198 Asian Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Numerous techniques and materials are available for increasing the dorsal height and length of the nose. Microautologous fat transplantation (MAFT) may be an appropriate strategy for augmentation rhinoplasty.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The authors sought to determine the long-term results of MAFT with the so-called one-third maneuver in Asian patients who underwent augmentation rhinoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 198 patients who underwent primary augmentation rhinoplasty with MAFT were evaluated in a retrospective study. Fat was harvested by liposuction and was processed and refined by centrifugation. Minute parcels of purified fat were transplanted to the nasal dorsum with a MAFT-Gun. Patient satisfaction was scored with a 5-point Likert scale, and aesthetic outcomes were validated with pre- and postoperative photographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 45.5 years. The mean operating time for MAFT was 25 minutes, and patients underwent 1-3 MAFT sessions. The mean volume of fat delivered per session was 3.4 mL (range, 2.0-5.5 mL). Patients received follow-up for an average of 19 months (range, 6-42 months). Overall, 125 of 198 patients (63.1%) indicated that they were satisfied with the results of 1-3 sessions of MAFT. There were no major complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study support MAFT as an appropriate fat-transfer strategy for Asian patients undergoing primary augmentation rhinoplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4: Therapeutic.
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Wen-Pin
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Yun-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Tsung-Ying
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Yu-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Chih-Kang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Tung-Ying
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Shieh
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Kao-Ping
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Su-Shin
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Chung-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Sin-Daw
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Dr Kao is a Plastic Surgeon, Division of Plastic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan. Drs Y-N Lin, Shieh, and Huang are Plastic Surgeons; Drs Chang, Lai, and S-D Lin are Professors; Dr Lee is an Associate Professor; and Dr T-M Lin is a Clinical Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dr T-Y Lin is a Traumatology Specialized Surgeon, Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University. Dr Chou is a Plastic Surgeon, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Mr Takahashi is a medical student, Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University.
authors.forename: Tsai-Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome