title: Diffusion of Oligonucleotides from within Iron-Cross-Linked, Polyelectrolyte-Modified Alginate Beads: A Model System for Drug Release.
abstract: An analytical model to describe diffusion of oligonucleotides from stable hydrogel beads is developed and experimentally verified. The synthesized alginate beads are Fe(3+) -cross-linked and polyelectrolyte-doped for uniformity and stability at physiological pH. Data on diffusion of oligonucleotides from inside the beads provide physical insights into the volume nature of the immobilization of a fraction of oligonucleotides due to polyelectrolyte cross-linking, that is, the absence of a surface-layer barrier in this case. Furthermore, the results suggest a new simple approach to measuring the diffusion coefficient of mobile oligonucleotide molecules inside hydrogels. The considered alginate beads provide a model for a well-defined component in drug-release systems and for the oligonucleotide-release transduction steps in drug-delivering and biocomputing applications. This is illustrated by destabilizing the beads with citrate, which induces full oligonucleotide release with nondiffusional kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA. privman@clarkson.edu.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5315-2604
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Privman
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.
authors.forename: Sergii
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6847-6019
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Domanskyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.|Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto A S
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-6959
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.
authors.forename: Nataliia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1265-4864
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guz
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.
authors.forename: M Lawrence
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1240-346X
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Glasser
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA. ekatz@clarkson.edu.
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1618-4620
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D019343:Citric Acid; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D004058:Diffusion; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020100:Hydrogels; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D019343:Citric Acid; C063994:polyallylamine; D020723:Glucuronic Acid
keywords: DNA; diffusion; drug delivery; hydrogels; oligonucleotides