title: Changes in Expression of Genes Regulating Airway Inflammation Following a High-Fat Mixed Meal in Asthmatics.
abstract: Consumption of a high fat meal can increase neutrophilic airway inflammation in asthma subjects. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms driving airway neutrophilia following a high fat meal in asthmatics. Subjects with asthma (n = 11) and healthy controls (n = 8) consumed a high-fat/energy meal, containing total energy (TE) of 3846 kJ and 48 g of total fat (20.5 g saturated). Sputum was induced at 0 and 4 h, and gene expression was examined by microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Following the high fat dietary challenge, 168 entities were significantly differentially expressed greater than >1.5 fold in subjects with asthma, whereas, in healthy controls, only 14 entities were differentially expressed. Of the 168 genes that were changed in asthma, several biological processes were overrepresented, with 25 genes involved in "immune system processes". qPCR confirmed that S100P, S100A16, MAL and MUC1 were significantly increased in the asthma group post-meal. We also observed a strong correlation and a moderate correlation between the change in NLRP12 and S100A16 gene expression at 4 h compared to baseline, and the change in total and saturated non-esterified plasma fatty acid levels at 2 h compared to baseline. In summary, our data identifies differences in inflammatory gene expression that may contribute to increased airway neutrophilia following a high fat meal in subjects with asthma and may provide useful therapeutic targets for immunomodulation. This may be particularly relevant to obese asthmatics, who are habitually consuming diets with a high fat content.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. qli3@uon.edu.au.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. katherine.baines@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Katherine J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Baines
authors.affiliation: Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Peter.gibson@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au.|Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia. Peter.gibson@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. lisa.wood@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Lisa G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D062806:Myelin and Lymphocyte-Associated Proteolipid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013183:Sputum / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; C569026:MAL protein, human; C060192:MUC1 protein, human; D018396:Mucin-1; D062806:Myelin and Lymphocyte-Associated Proteolipid Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009418:S100 Proteins; C000589580:S100A16 protein, human; C103003:S100P protein, human
keywords: asthma; fatty acids; inflammation