title: Protective Effect of Carvacrol on Oxidative Stress and Cellular DNA Damage Induced by UVB Irradiation in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes.
abstract: Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB; 280-320 nm) radiation induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the biological system. In this study, we examined the protective effect of carvacrol on UVB-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage with reference to alterations in cellular an-tioxidant status in human lymphocytes. A series of in vitro assays (hydroxyl radical, superoxide, nitric oxide, DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays) demonstrate antioxidant property of carvacrol in our study. UVB exposure significantly increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LHPs), % tail DNA and tail moment; decreased % cell viability and antioxidant status in UVB-irradiated lymphocytes. Treatment with carvacrol 30 min prior to UVB-exposure resulted in a significant decline of TBARS, LHP, % tail DNA, and tail moment and increased % cell viability as carvacrol concentration increased. UVB irradiated lymphocytes with carvacrol alone (at 10 μg/mL) gave no significant change in cell viability, TBARS, LHP, % tail DNA, and tail moment when compared with normal lymphocytes. On the basis of our results, we conclude that carvacrol, a dietary antioxidant, mediates its protective effect through modulation of UVB-induced ROS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Balakrishnan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aristatile
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Al-Numair
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Al-Assaf
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, India.
authors.forename: Chinnadurai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Veeramani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, India. pugale@sify.com.
authors.forename: Kodukkur Viswanathan
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Pugalendi
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D000081007:Cymenes; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; C073316:carvacrol
keywords: Carvacrol; Lipid Peroxida-tion; Lymphocytes; Oxidative DNA damage; Reactive Oxygen Species; UVB radiation