title: Real-time endoscopic Raman spectroscopy for in vivo early lung cancer detection.
abstract: Currently the most sensitive method for localizing lung cancers in central airways is autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) in combination with white light bronchoscopy (WLB). The diagnostic accuracy of WLB + AFB for high grade dysplasia (HGD) and carcinoma in situ is variable depending on physician's experience. When WLB + AFB are operated at high diagnostic sensitivity, the associated diagnostic specificity is low. Raman spectroscopy probes molecular vibrations and gives highly specific, fingerprint-like spectral features and has high accuracy for tissue pathology classification. In this study we present the use of a real-time endoscopy Raman spectroscopy system to improve the specificity. A spectrum is acquired within 1 second and clinical data are obtained from 280 tissue sites (72 HGDs/malignant lesions, 208 benign lesions/normal sites) in 80 patients. Using multivariate analyses and waveband selection methods on the Raman spectra, we have demonstrated that HGD and malignant lung lesions can be detected with high sensitivity (90%) and good specificity (65%).
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Hanna C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: McGregor
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Short
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McWilliams
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Tawimas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shaipanich
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Diana N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Ionescu
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Guannan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Imaging Unit - Integrative Oncology Department, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.|Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Haishan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D001999:Bronchoscopy; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
keywords: early cancer detection; endoscopy; in vivo tissue Raman spectroscopy; lung cancer; spectral diagnosis 