title: Prevalence and Perception of 24-Hour Symptom Patterns in Patients With Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Spain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have examined the 24-hour symptom profile in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The main objective of this study was to determine daily variations in the symptoms of patients with stable COPD in Spain, compared with other European countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study conducted in 8 European countries. The results from the Spanish cohort (n=122) are compared with the other European subjects (n=605). We included patients with COPD whose treatment had been unchanged in the previous 3months. Patients completed questionnaires on morning, day-time, and night-time symptoms of COPD, the COPD assessment test (CAT), the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and the COPD and asthma sleep impact scale (CASIS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age: 69 (standard deviation [SD]=9) years; mean post-bronchodilator FEV1: 50.5 (SD=19.4)% (similar in Spanish and European cohorts). The proportion of men among the Spanish cohort was greater (91.0% versus 60.7%, P<.0001). A total of 52.5% patients experienced some type of symptom throughout the day, compared to 57.5% of the other Europeans, P<.001). Patients with symptoms throughout the day had poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and higher levels of anxiety/depression than patients without symptoms. Patients with night-time symptoms had a poorer quality of sleep. Spanish patients with symptoms throughout the day had higher CAT scores (16.9 versus 20.5 in the other Europeans, P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite receiving treatment, more than half of patients report symptoms throughout the day. These patients have poorer HRQoL and higher levels of anxiety/depression. Among patients with similar lung function, the Spanish cohort was less symptomatic and reported better HRQoL than other Europeans.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova-Lliria, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Soler-Cataluña
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, España.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sauleda
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valdés
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, España.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, España.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agüero
authors.affiliation: Departamento Médico, AstraZeneca Farmacéutica, Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Maite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, España. Electronic address: mmiravitlles@vhebron.net.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miravitlles
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D057566:Self Report; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013147:Spirometry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063189:Symptom Assessment
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents
keywords: Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica; Health-related quality of life; Symptoms; Síntomas; Variabilidad; Variation