title: Effects of momentum-based dumbbell training on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of an innovative momentum-based dumbbell-training intervention on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 45 community-dwelling older adults with MCI were randomly assigned to either a dumbbell-training group (DTG; n=22) or a control group (CG; n=23). Participants in the DTG participated in exercise sessions three times weekly for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measures were cognitive function, including the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) - Cognitive subscale, Trail Making Test part B, Digit Span Test (DST) - forward, and DST - backward, with secondary outcome measures being Timed Up and Go, functional reach, and the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In an intent-to-treat analysis, participants in the DTG had significantly improved ADAS - Cognitive subscale scores compared to those in the CG (5.02 points, P=0.012). There was a significant within-group change (improvement) in Trail Making Test part B (33.32 seconds, P<0.001) and DST - backward (0.41 points, P=0.025) scores. No change was observed for the DST - forward measure. Participants in the DTG also improved their functional mobility compared to those in the CG (Timed Up and Go, 0.81 seconds; P=0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is preliminary evidence showing the potential benefit of momentum-based dumbbell training for improving cognitive function in older adults with MCI.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.affiliation: Institue of Physical Education, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, People's Republic of China; Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mingyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Leichao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000628:therapy*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: cognition; exercise intervention; mild cognitive impairment; older adults; physical performance