title: Jasmonates are induced by the PAMP flg22 but not the cell death-inducing elicitor Harpin in Vitis rupestris.
abstract: Plants employ two layers of defence that differ with respect to cell death: pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). In our previous work, we have comparatively mapped the molecular events in a cell system derived from the wild American grape Vitis rupestris, where cell death-independent defence can be triggered by PAMP flg22, whereas the elicitor Harpin activates a cell death-related ETI-like response. Both defence responses overlapped with respect to early events, such as calcium influx, apoplastic alkalinisation, oxidative burst, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling, activation of defence-related genes and accumulation of phytoalexins. However, timing and amplitude of early signals differed. In the current study, we address the role of jasmonates (JAs) as key signalling compounds in hypersensitive cell death. We find, in V. rupestris, that jasmonic acid and its bioactive conjugate jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) rapidly accumulate in response to flg22 but not in response to Harpin. However, Harpin can induce programmed cell death, whereas exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) fails to do so, although both signals induce a similar response of defence genes. Also in a second cell line from V. vinifera cv. 'Pinot Noir', where Harpin cannot activate cell death and where flg22 fails to induce JA and JA-Ile, defence genes are activated in a similar manner. These findings indicate that the signal pathway culminating in cell death must act independently from the events culminating in the accumulation of toxic stilbenes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China. xl_changkit@126.com.|Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany. xl_changkit@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takebayashi
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riemann
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 2, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nick
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005408:Flagellin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D007532:Isoleucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D027843:Vitis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D013267:Stilbenes; C532883:jasmonoyl-isoleucine; D007532:Isoleucine; D005408:Flagellin; C011006:jasmonic acid; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Defence signalling; Effector-triggered immunity (ETI); Jasmonic acid (JA); PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI); Vitis