title: Current status of palliative care services in Indonesia: a literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review healthcare literature in relation to the provision of palliative care in Indonesia and to identify factors that may impact on palliative care development.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  People living with life-limiting illness benefit from access to palliative care services to optimize quality of life. Palliative care services are being expanded in developing countries but in Indonesia such services are in their infancy with many patients with life-limiting illnesses having access to appropriate health care compromised.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant healthcare databases including CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were searched using the combinations of search terms: palliative care, terminal care, end-of-life care, Indonesia and nursing. A search of grey literature including Internet sites was also carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine articles were included in the review. Facilitating factors supporting the provision of palliative care included: a culture of strong familial support, government policy support, volunteering and support from regional organizations. Identified barriers to palliative care provision were a limited understanding of palliative care among healthcare professionals, the challenging geography of Indonesia and limited access to opioid medications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are facilitators and barriers that currently impact on the development of palliative care in Indonesia. Strategies that can be implemented to improve palliative care include training of nurses and doctors in the primary care sector, integrating palliative care in undergraduate medical and nursing curriculum and educating family and community about basic care. Nurses and doctors who work in primary care can potentially play a role in supporting and educating family members providing direct care to patients with palliative needs.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.|School of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Erna
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-6812
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rochmawati
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wiechula
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cameron
mesh_terms: D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D010166:Palliative Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D013727:Terminal Care
keywords: Cancer Care; Developing Countries; End-of-Life Care; Indonesia; Life-Limiting Illness; Literature Review; Nursing; Palliative Care; Terminal Care