title: The Disjointed Historical Trajectory of Anorexia Nervosa Before 1970.
abstract: Responses in pre-modern eras to anorexia nervosa (as now understood) varied widely, from religious piety and sanctity through fear and superstition. While noting briefly the limited conceptualizations from pre-modern history this article is primarily focused from the late 19th century, commencing with helpful but tentative formulations of anorexia nervosa for early-modern medicine that were laid out, consistently between themselves, by Lesègue, Gull and Osler. Yet that promising biomedical advent was superseded for more than a half-century by deep, internal divisions and bitter rifts that festered between three medical disciplines: neurology; Freudian psychotherapy; and Kraepelinian biological psychiatry. Mid-20th century developments preceded the 1960-1980s' improved understanding of suffering and movement toward effective remediation introduced by Dr. Hilde Bruch.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada. John.Court@camh.ca.
authors.forename: John P M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Court
authors.affiliation: Graduate and Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.|Eating Disorder Community Treatment Program, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
authors.forename: Allan S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000266:history* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009462:Neurology / Q000266:history*; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000266:history*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000266:history*
keywords: Anorexia nervosa; Eating disorders; History of psychiatry; Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychotherapy