title: Biomechanical design considerations for transradial prosthetic interface: A review.
abstract: Traditional function and comfort assessment of transradial prostheses pay scant attention to prosthetic interface. With better understanding of the biomechanics of prosthetic interface comes better efficiency and safety for interface design; in this way, amputees are more likely to accept prosthetic usage. This review attempts to provide design and selection criteria of transradial interface for prosthetists and clinicians. Various transradial socket types in the literature were chronologically reviewed. Biomechanical discussion of transradial prosthetic interface design from an engineering point of view was also done. Suspension control, range of motion, stability, as well as comfort and safety of socket designs have been considered in varying degrees in the literature. The human-machine interface design should change from traditional "socket design" to new "interface design." From anatomy and physiology to biomechanics of the transradial residual limb, the force and motion transfer, together with comfort and safety, are the two main aspects in prosthetic interface design. Load distribution and transmission should mainly rely on achieving additional skeletal control through targeted soft tissue relief. Biomechanics of the residual limb soft tissues should be studied to find the relationship between mechanical properties and the comfort and safety of soft tissues.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yuanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China xiangliwj@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Institute of Biomedical Manufacturing and Life Quality Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000674:Amputees / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology*; D001186:Artificial Limbs; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Prosthetic interface; below-elbow prosthesis; prosthetic socket; prosthetic suspension; rehabilitation; residual limb; transradial prostheses; upper-limb amputation