title: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma synergistically ameliorate the surgical-induced osteoarthritis in Beagle dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) as the fundamental treatment of osteoarthritis (OA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty four Beagle dogs were used as cranial cruciate ligament transection models. The dogs were divided into four groups (n = 6) according to the intra-articular injection materials: the control group with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the PRP group with PRP, the MSC group with MSCs emerged in PBS, and the MSC and PRP co-treatment (MP) group with MSCs and PRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lameness score, focal compression strength, articular extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions, histopathology, and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the effects of PRP and MSCs on canine OA. In the order of MP, PRP, and MSC group, these all showed positive effects on the evaluated categories. The lameness scores were lower, and the focal compression strengths of the affected femoral articular surface cartilages were higher than those in the OA control group. Also, the inflammatory changes, when evaluated with Mankin scoring and histomorphologic examination, were significantly ameliorated with the treatment of PRP and/or MSCs. The glycosaminoglycan and collagen composition of extracellular matrix was more favorable in the test groups. The ECM-related genes significantly increased through the up-regulation, while the protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines were decreased through the inhibitory effects of PRP and MSCs on chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, this study suggests that PRP and MSCs treatments have a beneficial effect on OA via the stimulation of ECM synthesis and chondrocyte proliferation and via the inhibition of inflammatory reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sae-Kwang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea. kwon@knu.ac.kr.|Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea. kwon@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young-Sam
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004285:Dogs; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005269:Femur / Q000503:physiopathology; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000209:etiology; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D012038:Regeneration; D013977:Tibia / Q000503:physiopathology