title: Painted Fiberglass-Reinforced Contemporary Sculpture: Investigating Composite Materials, Techniques and Conservation Using a Multi-Analytical Approach.
abstract: A multi-analytical approach was used to study the constituent materials, manufacturing technique, and state of conservation of a contemporary sculpture. This sculpture, entitled Nuredduna, was created by Aligi Sassu in 1995 and is located in the "Bellariva garden" in Florence (Italy). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), optical and electronic microscopy (OM and SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) highlighted the multi-layered structure of the statue: fiberglass and an overlay of different layers (gel coat) applied with an unsaturated polyester resin added with aggregate materials and bromine compounds. A top-coat in acrylic black varnish, used as a finish, was also found. The combination of these materials with their different compositions, environmental impact, and even vandalism have negatively affected the state of conservation of Nuredduna, causing the loss of strata in its lower parts (legs and feet).
authors.affiliation: ICVBC-CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salvadori
authors.affiliation: ICVBC-CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cantisani
authors.affiliation: ICVBC-CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Perla
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Colombini
authors.affiliation: ICVBC-CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
authors.forename: Cecilia Gaia Rachele
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tognon
keywords: Contemporary art; Degradation; Fiberglass; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR); Gel coat; Glass microspheres; Glass-reinforced polyester; Sculpture