title: Clear aligners generations and orthodontic tooth movement.
abstract: Clear aligner technology has evolved over the last 15 years, with these appliances continually being modified to increase the range of tooth movements that they can achieve. However, there is very little clinical research available to show how these appliances achieve their results. This article describes the different generations of clear aligners that are available and highlights their use. However, until more clinical research becomes available, aligners cannot be routinely prescribed as an effective alternative to fixed labial appliances.
authors.affiliation: a Dublin Dental University Hospital, Specialist Registrar in Orthodontics, Child Dental Health and Orthodontics , Lincoln Place, Dublin , Ireland.
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.affiliation: b Dublin Dental University Hospital, Consultant, Child Dental Health and Orhtodontics , Lincoln Place, Dublin , Ireland.
authors.forename: Ebrahim A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Al-Awadhi
keywords: Aligners; Invisalign; aesthetic appliances; precision attachments; tooth movement