title: The impact of short-term depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment on resting metabolic rate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examines the effect of a progestogen (depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, DMPA) on resting metabolic rate (RMR) in a cohort of young, normal-weight healthy women. We hypothesize an increase in RMR and nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) resulting in increased body temperature by DMPA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a prospective cohort study in 13 subjects tested at baseline, 3 weeks and 9 weeks after 150 mg intramuscular DMPA administration. RMR was determined with indirect calorimetry. Secondary endpoints included changes in body mass index (BMI), body composition, temperature and serum levels of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone and MPA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percent change in RMR from baseline to week 3 (9%) was significantly higher than the percent change from baseline to week 9 (1.6%) (p=.045). The greatest percent change from baseline to week 3 compared to baseline to week 9 was seen in women initiating DMPA in the luteal phase of the cycle. Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis was evident by decreases in E2, LH and progesterone. DMPA resulted in increased body temperature with a significant correlation between the change in body temperature and the change in RMR. No change in body composition was seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RMR and NST increased in young healthy women with normal BMI 3 weeks after receiving the initial dose of 150 mg DMPA for contraception. The effect was augmented when the drug was administered during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DMPA increases RMR and thermogenesis independent of changes in body mass. An increase in weight with chronic DMPA may result from a combination of hyperphagia and abnormal NST in predisposed individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Steward
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Cris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Slentz
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Frank Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Stanczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Electronic address: thomas.m.price@duke.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008183:Luteal Phase; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
keywords: Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate; Mitochondrial activity; Progestin; Resting metabolic rate