title: Graphene-based platforms for cancer therapeutics.
abstract: Graphene is a multifunctional carbon nanomaterial and could be utilized to develop platform technologies for cancer therapies. Its surface can be covalently and noncovalently functionalized with anticancer drugs and functional groups that target cancer cells and tissue to improve treatment efficacies. Furthermore, its physicochemical properties can be harnessed to facilitate stimulus responsive therapeutics and drug delivery. This review article summarizes the recent literature specifically focused on development of graphene technologies to treat cancer. We will focus on advances at the interface of graphene based drug/gene delivery, photothermal/photodynamic therapy and combinations of these techniques. We also discuss the current understanding in cytocompatibility and biocompatibility issues related to graphene formulations and their implications pertinent to clinical cancer management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA.
authors.forename: Sunny C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lalwani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA.
authors.forename: Cassandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suhrland
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Sayan Mullick
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA.
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sitharaman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D035683:MicroRNAs; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D006108:Graphite
keywords: biocompatibility; drug/gene loading; graphene; photodynamic therapy; photothermal therapy