title: High-dose nimotuzumab improves the survival rate of esophageal cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy.
abstract: Nimotuzumab (h-R3) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that is safe to use against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, the available information is insufficient about the dose effect of monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor for the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We retrospectively recruited 66 patients with ESCC who were treated with h-R3 and chemoradiotherapy/radiotherapy. Patients who received more than 1,200 mg of h-R3 were classified as the high-dose group, and the remaining patients were classified as the low-dose group. The endpoint for efficacy was the overall survival. Differences in survival between the groups were analyzed using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used in multivariate analysis to identify independent prognostic factors. The low-dose and high-dose groups comprised 55 and eleven patients, respectively. The median follow-up time in the final analysis was 46 months. The high-dose group showed no increased incidence of toxicities compared to the low-dose group. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival rates in the low-dose and high-dose groups were 66.9%, 50.0%, 31.5% and 90.0%, 80.0%, 66.7%, respectively (P=0.04). Multivariate analyses showed that the high-dose group had better survival than the low-dose group (hazard ratio 0.28, 95% confidence interval 0.09-0.94, P=0.039). Taken together, high-dose h-R3 showed limited toxicity and improved survival in patients with ESCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chunyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xichun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiaqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yawei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiquan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guoliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kuaile
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
keywords: epidermal growth factor receptor; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; monoclonal antibody; nimotuzumab