title: Hollow fiber membrane-coated functionalized polymeric ionic liquid capsules for direct analysis of estrogens in milk samples.
abstract: Protein removal process is always time-consuming for the analysis of milk samples. In this work, hollow fiber membrane-coated functionalized polymeric ionic liquid (HF-PIL) capsules were synthesized and used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) sorbent for direct analysis of estrogens in milk samples. The functionalized PIL monolith sorbent was obtained by copolymerization between 1-(3-aminopropyl)-3-(4-vinylbenzyl)imidazolium 4-styrenesulfonate IL monomer and 1,6-di(3-vinylimidazolium) hexane bishexafluorophosphate IL-crosslinking agent. A group of four capsules were installed as SPME device, to determine four kinds of estrogens (estrone, diethylstilbestrol, hexestrol, and 17α-ethynylestradiol) in milk samples, coupled to high performance liquid chromatography. Extraction and desorption conditions were optimized to get satisfactory extraction efficiency. Good linearity was obtained in the range of 5-200 μg L(-1). The limits of detection were 1 μg L(-1) for diethylstilbestrol and 2 μg L(-1) for 17α-ethynylestradiol, estrone, and hexestrol. The present method was applied to analyze the model analytes in different milk samples. Relative recoveries were in the range of 85.5-112%. The HF-PIL SPME capsules showed satisfactory extraction efficiency and high resistance to sample matrix interference.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China. chm_sunm@ujn.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
authors.forename: Chuannan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002214:Capsules / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D004970:Estrone / Q000032:analysis; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D006589:Hexestrol / Q000032:analysis; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D004967:Estrogens; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D006589:Hexestrol; D004970:Estrone
keywords: Estrogens; High performance liquid chromatography; Hollow fiber membrane; Milk samples; Polymeric ionic liquids