title: Effects of ultrasound, CaCl2and STPP on the ultrastructure of the milk goat longissimus muscle fiber observed with atomic force microscopy.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of ultrasound bath intensity, CaCl2and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) concentration on the ultrastructure of longissimus muscle fiber from milk goats. The sarcomere length was measured by atomic force microscopy. According to the results of AFM images, the sarcomere length is longest when the conditions were an intensity of 100 W ultrasound bath (42.77% increment), a concentration of 300 mM CaCl2injection (44.68% increment) or 90 mM STPP injection (19.41% increment). Apart from the sarcomere length, the study put forward a potential index (roughness) to represent tenderness of meat which was treated by ultrasound bath. Among different methods, ultrasound bath was chosen as the preferred tenderization method. SCANNING 38:545-553, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Engineering, Institute of Biophysics and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.|Innovation Experimental College, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Junpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Engineering, Institute of Biophysics and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Engineering, Institute of Biophysics and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.|Innovation Experimental College, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Engineering, Institute of Biophysics and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.|Innovation Experimental College, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Kaiyue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Engineering, Institute of Biophysics and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Sheqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Engineering, Institute of Biophysics and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.|Sino-US Joint Research Center for Food Safety, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.|Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006041:Goats; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012518:Sarcomeres / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D011122:Polyphosphates; D002122:Calcium Chloride; C005692:triphosphoric acid
keywords: atomic force microscopy; calcium chloride; sodium tripolyphosphate; ultrasound; ultrastructure