title: Contribution of hippocampal area CA1 to acetone cyanohydrin-induced loss of motor coordination in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some vegetable foodstuffs contain toxic compounds that, when consumed, favour the development of certain diseases. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important food source, but it contains cyanogenic glucosides (linamarin and lotaustralin) that have been associated with the development of tropical ataxic neuropathy and konzo. In rats, intraperitoneal administration of acetone cyanohydrin (a metabolite of linamarin) produces neurological disorders and neuronal damage in the hippocampus. However, it is unknown whether hippocampal area CA1 plays a role in neurological disorders associated with acetone cyanohydrin.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 male Wistar rats 3 months old were assigned to 4 groups (n=8 per group) as follows: vehicle (1μl physiological saline), and 3 groups with acetone cyanohydrin (1μl of 10, 15, and 20mM solution, respectively). The substances were microinjected intrahippocampally every 24hours for 7 consecutive days, and their effects on locomotor activity, rota-rod and swim tests were assessed daily. On the fifth day post-treatment, rats underwent further assessment with behavioural tests to identify or rule out permanent damage induced by acetone cyanohydrin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microinjection of acetone cyanohydrin 20mM resulted in hyperactivity, motor impairment, and reduced exploration from the third day of treatment. All concentrations of acetone cyanohydrin produced rotational behaviour in the swim test from the first day of microinjection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hippocampal area CA1 is involved in motor alterations induced by microinjection of acetone cyanohydrin, as has been reported for other cassava compounds.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México. Electronic address: edrivadeneyra@uv.mx.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rivadeneyra-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México; Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Luna
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México; Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Díaz-Sobac
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Briones-Céspedes
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México; Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Landa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006624:Hippocampus; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002365:Manihot / Q000633:toxicity; D008845:Microinjections; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D009570:Nitriles; C010833:acetone cyanohydrin
keywords: Acetonacianohidrina; Acetone cyanohydrin; Cassava; Conducta de giro; Incoordinación motriz; Motor impairment; Neuropathy; Neuropatía; Rotational behaviour; Yuca