title: Cardiorespiratory fitness is related to metabolic risk independent of physical activity in boys but not girls from Southern Brazil.
abstract: Our aim was to determine the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic risk in adolescents from Southern Brazil.
  
  
  
  We performed a school-based cross-sectional study in 1,037 adolescents (436 boys) aged 10-16 years from Londrina, PR, Brazil. CRF was determined by 20-m shuttle run test. A continuous metabolic risk score was obtained from the mean of fasting glucose, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and waist circumference z-scores. Age, physical activity (Baecke questionnaire), body mass index (BMI; weight/stature(2) ), and somatic maturity (Mirwald method) were included as covariates in multiple linear regression analyses.
  
  
  
  CRF was related to metabolic risk in boys (β = -0.02, P < 0.01) and girls (β = -0.01, P = 0.02) after adjusting for chronological age, BMI, and somatic maturity. However, when adjusted for physical activity, CRF failed to explain metabolic risk in girls (β = -0.01, P = 0.24).
  
  
  
  We conclude that CRF is independently and inversely related to metabolic risk in boys, but physical activity either mediates or confounds the association between CRF and metabolic risk in girls. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:534-538, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Study and Research Group in Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise (GEPEMENE) State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Study and Research Group in Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise (GEPEMENE) State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: André O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Werneck
authors.affiliation: MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.|Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Collings
authors.affiliation: Study and Research Group in Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise (GEPEMENE) State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Crisieli M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tomeleri
authors.affiliation: Scientific Research Group Related to Physical Activity (GICRAF), Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise (LIVE), Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil.
authors.forename: RôMulo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Study and Research Group in Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise (GEPEMENE) State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Enio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ronque
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Venturini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Décio S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Manuel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Coelho-E-Silva
authors.affiliation: Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luís B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Sardinha
authors.affiliation: Study and Research Group in Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise (GEPEMENE) State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edilson S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Cyrino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides