title: Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Risk of Periodontal Diseases in Han Chinese: A Case-Control Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was performed to test the association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) and periodontal disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case-control study in a comprehensive hospital, including all patients with newly diagnosed PD between 2012 and 2014 as cases and all patients without PD as controls, thorough periodontal examinations. Those who tested positive for HP were examined by means of polymerase chain reaction. Single and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the data using SPSS 19.0 software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This case-control study included 212 Han Chinese non-smoking adults. The results indicated that HP-positive status significantly increased the risk of PD (2.63 times higher (odds ratio [OR]=2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.48-4.67). After adjustment for age, sex, level of education, physical exercise, body mass index, and history of alcohol and diabetes mellitus, this association remained significantly (OR=2.82, 95% CI=1.55-5.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PD might be associated with HP infection in adults and HP infection may be a significant and independent risk factor for PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Education, School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Osteological Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Wu-zhou
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Administration, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Chang-jun
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xin-li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Han-song
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Hua-bing
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D060085:Coinfection; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors