title: Gait in Parkinson's disease: A visuo-cognitive challenge.
abstract: Vision and cognition have both been related to gait impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) through separate strands of research. The cumulative and interactive effect of both (which we term visuo-cognition) has not been previously investigated and little is known about the influence of cognition on vision with respect to gait. Understanding the role of vision, cognition and visuo-cognition in gait in PD is critical for data interpretation and to infer and test underlying mechanisms. The purpose of this comprehensive narrative review was to examine the interdependent and interactive role of cognition and vision in gait in PD and older adults. Evidence from a broad range of research disciplines was reviewed and summarised. A key finding was that attention appears to play a pivotal role in mediating gait, cognition and vision, and should be considered emphatically in future research in this field.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. Electronic address: lynn.rochester@newcastle.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rochester
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D016138:Walking
keywords: Attention; Cognition; Gait; Older adults; Parkinson’s disease; Saccades; Vision; Visuo-cognition