title: Drought and flooding have distinct effects on herbivore-induced responses and resistance in Solanum dulcamara.
abstract: In the field, biotic and abiotic stresses frequently co-occur. As a consequence, common molecular signalling pathways governing adaptive responses to individual stresses can interact, resulting in compromised phenotypes. How plant signalling pathways interact under combined stresses is poorly understood. To assess this, we studied the consequence of drought and soil flooding on resistance of Solanum dulcamara to Spodoptera exigua and their effects on hormonal and transcriptomic profiles. The results showed that S. exigua larvae performed less well on drought-stressed plants than on well-watered and flooded plants. Both drought and insect feeding increased abscisic acid and jasmonic acid (JA) levels, whereas flooding did not induce JA accumulation. RNA sequencing analyses corroborated this pattern: drought and herbivory induced many biological processes that were repressed by flooding. When applied in combination, drought and herbivory had an additive effect on specific processes involved in secondary metabolism and defence responses, including protease inhibitor activity. In conclusion, drought and flooding have distinct effects on herbivore-induced responses and resistance. Especially, the interaction between abscisic acid and JA signalling may be important to optimize plant responses to combined drought and insect herbivory, making drought-stressed plants more resistant to insects than well-watered and flooded plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Duy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di ricerca per l'orticoltura, 84098, Pontecagnano, (SA), Italy.
authors.forename: Nunzio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom O G
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Tytgat
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Université Jean Monnet, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
authors.forename: Pulu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Molecular Ecology Group, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lortzing
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Plant Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eric J W
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4763-3775
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Simona M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cristescu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Ecology Group, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, 12163, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steppuhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Celestina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.|Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: van Dam
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, 6500, GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rieu
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D055864:Droughts; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism; D055868:Floods; D060434:Herbivory; D007313:Insecta; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D032322:Solanum / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005030:Ethylenes; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C011006:jasmonic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C036216:ethylene
keywords: Solanum dulcamara; Spodoptera exigua; abscisic acid; drought; ethylene; flooding; herbivory; jasmonic acid; salicylic acid; transcriptomics