title: Pre-existing diabetes in pregnancy.
abstract: The incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes amongst women of reproductive age is increasing worldwide. Despite recent advances in treatment options for diabetes outside of pregnancy, women still have a significantly increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes including perinatal death and congenital malformation, compared to the non-diabetic population. An understanding of the physiological changes during pregnancy, management, early detection and prevention of complications and pre-pregnancy care, specific to women with pre-existing diabetes, is important in improving health outcomes in this growing group of women. This review particularly focuses on areas where there have been recent developments or controversy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia - suja_padman@yahoo.com.au.
authors.forename: Suja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Padmanabhan
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zen
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ngai W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Cheung