title: Brain cholinergic alterations in rats subjected to repeated immobilization or forced swim stress on lambda-cyhalothrin exposure.
abstract: Role of immobilization stress (IMS), a psychological stressor and forced swim stress (FSS), a physical stressor was investigated on the neurobehavioral toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), a new generation type-II synthetic pyrethroid. Pre-exposure of rats to IMS (15 min/day) or FSS (3 min/day) for 28 days on LCT (3.0 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) treatment for 3 days resulted to decrease spatial learning and memory and muscle strength associated with cholinergic-muscarinic receptors in frontal cortex and hippocampus as compared to those exposed to IMS or FSS or LCT alone. Decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity, protein expression of ChAT and PKC-β1 associated with decreased mRNA expression of CHRM2, AChE and ChAT in frontal cortex and hippocampus was also evident in rats pre-exposed to IMS or FSS on LCT treatment, compared to rats exposed to IMS or FSS or LCT alone. Interestingly, changes both in behavioral and neurochemical endpoints were marginal in rats subjected to IMS or FSS for 28 days or those exposed to LCT for 3 days alone, compared to controls. The results suggest that stress is an important contributor in LCT induced cholinergic deficits.
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India; Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Integral University, Lucknow 226 026, India.
authors.forename: Rajendra K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Richa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Pranay
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Yogesh K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Dhuriya
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Anshuman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Lalit P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Chandravanshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Integral University, Lucknow 226 026, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226 026, India.
authors.forename: M Haris
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parmar
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors.forename: Aditya B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Pant
authors.affiliation: Developmenatl Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India. Electronic address: vkkhanna1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vinay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Khanna
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D007103:Immobilization; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; C037304:cyhalothrin
keywords: Brain cholinergic deficits; Forced swim stress; Immobilization stress; Impaired learning; Lambda-cyhalothrin