title: Protective effect of R. glutinosa oligosaccharides against high L-carnitine diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and hepatic injury in mice.
abstract: Current research for the first time demonstrated that endothelial dysfunction and hepatic injury in mice were induced by ingestion of 3% l-carnitine water for consecutive 10 weeks. Interestingly, oral administration of dietary raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) at 400 and 800 mg/kg bw significantly reduced the impact of l-carnitine on the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoproteins, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino-transferase, NO, endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein. Furthermore, l-carnitine-induced elevation of hepatic lipid contents and malonaldehyde formation, and the inhibition of SOD and GSH-Px activities in mice were markedly ameliorated by oral administration of RFOs. Moreover, histopathology of H&E and Oil Red O staining of the liver also confirmed the protective effect of RFOs against hepatic steatosis and oxidative injury induced by high l-carnitine diet in mice. These findings for the first time suggest that RFOs may alleviate endothelial dysfunction and liver injury from ingestion of high l-carnitine diet.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Wenfeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Ruijun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China. Electronic address: shaohj@snnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China. Electronic address: xbyang@snnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xingbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000737:chemistry*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001835:Body Weight; D002331:Carnitine; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D020011:Protective Agents; D002331:Carnitine
keywords: Endothelial dysfunction; Liver damage; R. glutinosa Libosch.; Raffinose family oligosaccharides; l-Carnitine