title: Impacts of motivational valence on the error-related negativity elicited by full and partial errors.
abstract: Affect and motivation influence the error-related negativity (ERN) elicited by full errors; however, it is unknown whether they also influence ERNs to correct responses accompanied by covert incorrect response activation (partial errors). Here we compared a neutral condition with conditions, where correct responses were rewarded or where incorrect responses were punished with gains and losses of small amounts of money, respectively. Data analysis distinguished ERNs elicited by full and partial errors. In the reward and punishment conditions, ERN amplitudes to both full and partial errors were larger than in the neutral condition, confirming participants' sensitivity to the significance of errors. We also investigated the relationships between ERN amplitudes and the behavioral inhibition and activation systems (BIS/BAS). Regardless of reward/punishment condition, participants scoring higher on BAS showed smaller ERN amplitudes in full error trials. These findings provide further evidence that the ERN is related to motivational valence and that similar relationships hold for both full and partial errors.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruo
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Annekathrin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schacht
authors.affiliation: Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan. Electronic address: masaki@waseda.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaki
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D011678:Punishment; D012201:Reward; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Error-related negativity; Partial error; Punishment; Reward