title: Effects of 1α-Calcidol (Alfacalcidol) on Microvascular Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness, and Blood Pressure in Type II Diabetic Nephropathy Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of six months alfacalcidol on microvascular endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and BP in DN patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight DN patients on alfacalcidol, 0.25 μg daily for six months were compared to 32 controls on conventional treatment. Measurements of microvascular endothelial function, arterial stiffness [AIx and PWV], hsCRP, and BP were performed; differences between baseline and six months treatment were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was seen in microvascular endothelial function for both groups after six months. Improvement in CSBP (p = 0.027) with trends of improvement in AIx (p = 0.063), PWV (p = 0.075), and systolic BP (p = 0.088) were seen in the alfacalcidol group with no changes observed in controls. Subgroup analysis of alfacalcidol group showed that vitamin D-deficient patients had better response to treatment. hsCRP level remained unchanged in alfacalcidol group; significant increase was however seen in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alfacalcidol did not have an effect on microvascular endothelial function in DN patients. Alfacalcidol significantly improved CSBP with trends of improvement in arterial stiffness and peripheral BP. Alfacalcidol appears to be more beneficial in vitamin D-deficient patients.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Vascular Laboratory, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Seetha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munisamy
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kamaliah M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Daud
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Vascular Laboratory, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mokhtar
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Vascular Laboratory, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Aida H G
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rasool
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000187:drug effects*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D006887:Hydroxycholecalciferols; C008088:alfacalcidol
keywords: alfacalcidol; arterial stiffness; diabetic nephropathy; high sensitivity C-reactive protein; microvascular endothelial function