title: The Importance of Esophageal and Gastric Diseases as Causes of Chest Pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pediatric chest pain is considered to be idiopathic or caused by benign diseases. This study was to find out how much upper gastrointestinal (UGI) diseases are major causes of chest pain in pediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 75 children (42 boys and 33 girls, aged 3-17 years old) who have presented with mainly chest pain from January 1995 to March 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Chest X-ray and electrocardiography (ECG) were performed in all aptients. Further cardiologic and gastrointestinal (GI) evaluations were performed in indicated patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chest pain was most common in the children of 6 and 9 to 14 years old. Esopha-gogastric diseases were unexpectedly the most common direct causes of the chest pain, the next are idiopathic, cardiac diseases, chest trauma, respiratory disease, and psychosomatic disease. Even though 21 showed abnormal ECG findings and 7 showed abnormalities on echocardiography, cardiac diseases were determined to be the direct causes only in 9. UGI endoscopy was performed in 57 cases, and esophago-gastric diseases which thereafter were thought to be causative diseases were 48 cases. The mean age of the children with esophago-gastric diseases were different with marginal significance from that of the other children with chest pain not related with esophago-gastric diseases. All the 48 children diagnosed with treated with GI medicines based on the diagnosis, and 37 cases (77.1%) subsequently showed clinical improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnostic approaches to find out esophageal and gastric diseases in children with chest pain are important as well as cardiac and respiratory investigations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Su
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Woo
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Nam
keywords: Chest pain; Child; Endoscopy; Esophageal diseases; Stomach diseases