title: Citrus-Peel-Derived, Nanoporous Carbon Nanosheets Containing Redox-Active Heteroatoms for Sodium-Ion Storage.
abstract: Advanced design of nanostructured functional carbon materials for use in sustainable energy storage systems suffers from complex fabrication procedures and the use of special methods and/or expensive precursors, limiting their practical applications. In this study, nanoporous carbon nanosheets (NP-CNSs) containing numerous redox-active heteroatoms (C/O and C/N ratios of 5.5 and 34.3, respectively) were fabricated from citrus peels by simply heating the peels in the presence of potassium ions. The NP-CNSs had a 2D-like morphology with a high aspect ratio of >100, high specific surface area of 1167 m(2) g(-1), and a large amount of nanopores between 1 and 5 nm. The NP-CNSs also had an electrical conductivity of 2.6 × 10(1) s cm(-1), which is approximately 50 times higher than that of reduced graphene oxide. These unique material properties resulted in superior electrochemical performance with a high specific capacity of 140 mAh g(-1) in the cathodic potential range. In addition, symmetric full-cell devices based on the NP-CNSs showed excellent cyclic performance over 100,000 repetitive cycles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Korea.
authors.forename: Na Rae
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Yeong
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Ju
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors.forename: Minjee
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-747, Korea.
authors.forename: Yung Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung-Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D007477:Ions; D008094:Lithium / Q000737:chemistry; D058608:Nanopores; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012964:Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D002244:Carbon; D006108:Graphite; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium
keywords: carbon nanosheet; electrode; porous carbon; pyrolysis; sodium-ion battery; supercapacitor