title: Impact of Renal Replacement Therapy in Childhood on Long-Term Socioprofessional Outcomes: A 30-year Follow-Up Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate socioprofessional outcomes after 30 years of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and explore predictors of these outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort comprised all Dutch patients, born before 1979, who started RRT at age <15 years in 1972-1992. Outcomes including family life, educational attainment, and professional life were obtained in 2000 and 2010 in 80 out of 152 survivors. Participants also completed the Course of Life Questionnaire in 2000, which retrospectively assessed the achievement of developmental milestones while growing up. Socioprofessional outcomes in 2010 were compared with the age-matched general population and with outcomes obtained in 2000. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of socioprofessional outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age and time on RRT in 2010 were 40.6 years (range 32.1-52.4) and 28.9 years (range 18.1-39.7), respectively. Patients were less likely to be employed (62.5% vs 81.0%) and have children (28.8% vs 64.8%) compared with the age-matched general population. Comorbidities, dialysis, short stature, and fewer milestones on autonomy were associated with adverse outcomes. Compared with 2000, in 2010 more patients lived with a partner (68.8% vs 43.0%), and more patients had completed a high level educational degree (22.5% vs 13.9%). However, more patients were unable to work on medical grounds in 2010 (36.3% vs 16.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survivors of pediatric end-stage renal disease may gain social autonomy and optimal educational attainment at an older age compared with their general population counterparts. Awareness among health care professionals of the potential of these children and tailored psychosocial interventions might improve socioprofessional development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.a.tjaden@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Lidwien A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tjaden
authors.affiliation: Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Heleen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maurice-Stam
authors.affiliation: Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Grootenhuis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kitty J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jaap W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Groothoff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors; D016896:Treatment Outcome