title: Debromination of PBDEs in Arkansas Water Bodies Analyzed by Positive Matrix Factorization.
abstract: A previously generated data set for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dated sediment cores of West Lake of El Dorado (AED), Calion Lake (ACL), and the lagoon of Magnolia Wastewater Treatment Facility (AMW) from Southern Arkansas is examined by a weighted chemical mass balance (CMB) model and positive matrix factorization (PMF) in order to quantify PBDE sources and debromination. DNA extraction and pyrosequencing were done on several core sections in order to investigate microbial debromination. CMB and PMF analyses indicate that deca technical mixtures are the dominant PBDE input (>99% in mole fraction in AED and ACL, and 94.7% in AMW). Minor contributions of penta and octa technical mixtures were found in all three water bodies (<1% in AED and ACL; and 1.1% and 4.1% in AMW, respectively). Results suggest that debromination takes place in all three lakes, but is more intense in AMW. In-situ microbial debromination was supported by the microorganism analysis. The PMF results are validated by PBDE manufacturing records, and the operating history of AMW. Despite the high PBDE concentrations in these sediments near former manufacturing facilities, the extent of debromination is limited, possibly due to sorption to natural organic matter of the sediment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States.
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois-Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.
authors.forename: Azivy Che
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Aziz-Schwanbeck
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Illinois-Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States.
authors.forename: Erik R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, University of Illinois-Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.
authors.forename: Karl J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Rockne
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Illinois-Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001131:Arkansas; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical