title: The quality of information on the Internet on orthodontic retainer wear: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to assess the accessibility, usability, reliability and quality of information on the Internet written for the lay public about orthodontic retainers, and to elucidate the different retention protocols encouraged.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Online, using a computer connected to the Internet in Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two search terms; 'orthodontic retainer' and 'how long should someone wear a retainer after their braces are removed?' were entered alternatively into five search engines. Twenty results for each search term per search engine that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were evaluated in terms of accessibility, usability, reliability and quality of information using the LIDA and DISCERN instruments, ensuring there were no internal or cross-search engine duplicates. Any information about frequency and duration of retainer wear was also collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred different websites were identified and assessed. The median overall LIDA score was 72%, corresponding to a moderate quality level. The median total DISCERN score was 47%. Twenty-two websites recommended patients adhere to the specific protocol prescribed to them by their practitioner. There were 45 (22.5%) and 28 (14%) websites advising indefinite use of removable and bonded retainers respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information about retainers on the Internet is easily accessible and usable, though the quality of the content is generally of a moderate level. However, the information is not always accurate and reliable. Both full-time and part-time wear of removable retainers was suggested over greatly varying time periods. Indefinite wear of removable and bonded retainers was also advocated.
authors.affiliation: a School of Dentistry , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia.
authors.forename: Esma J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Doğramacı
authors.affiliation: a School of Dentistry , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia.
authors.forename: Giampiero
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi-Fedele
mesh_terms: D000074522:Consumer Health Informatics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D018704:Orthodontic Retainers; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057386:Search Engine
keywords: Consumer health information; Internet; orthodontic retainers; orthodontics; search engine