title: Effects of Replacing Pork Back Fat with Brewer's Spent Grain Dietary Fiber on Quality Characteristics of Reduced-fat Chicken Sausages.
abstract: The effects of replacing pork back fat with brewer's spent grain (BSG) pre-emulsion for physicochemical, textural properties, and sensory evaluations of reduced-fat chicken sausages are evaluated. Control was prepared with 15% pork back fat, and three reduced-fat chicken sausages were formulated with the replacement of 20, 25, and 30% pork back fat with BSG pre-emulsion. The pH level of reduced-fat sausages formulated with BSG pre-emulsion is lower than that of the control (p<0.05). The redness, yellowness, and apparent viscosity of reduced-fat chicken sausages increase proportionally with increasing BSG pre-emulsion (p<0.05). With increasing BSG pre-emulsion concentration, the fat contents and energy values are decreased in reduced-fat chicken sausages (p<0.05). The BSG pre-emulsion improves the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of reduced-fat chicken sausages (p<0.05), and the reduction in fat and the addition of BSG pre-emulsion had no influence on the cohesiveness of the chicken sausage. And there is no significant difference in the overall acceptability among control, T1 (chicken sausage with 20% of BSG pre-emulsion, 10% of fat addition), and T2 (chicken sausage with 25% of BSG pre-emulsion, 5% of fat addition) (p>0.05). Therefore, our results indicate that BSG is effective dietary fiber source for manufacturing of reduced-fat meat product and suggest that 20-25% of BSG pre-emulsion is suitable for pork back fat in chicken sausages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Sung
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Food and Biological Resources Examination Division, Korean Intellectual Property Office, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Sang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ko-Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Heon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Food science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Yeo
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: N Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheon-Jei
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: brewer’s spent grain; chicken sausage; dietary fiber; reduced-fat