title: Association of rs9939609 Polymorphism with Metabolic Parameters and FTO Risk Haplotype Among Tunisian Metabolic Syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Variants in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene are associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to assess the association of the rs9939609 variant and haplotypes in FTO gene with metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in a Tunisian population sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 685 Tunisian subjects were genotyped for the rs9939609T>A using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Two variants rs1421085T>C and rs8057044A>G already genotyped in a previous study were used to test haplotype association of the FTO gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype distribution of the variant rs9939609 was different between MetS and controls (P = 0.017). Individuals carrying TA genotypes had a significantly increased risk independently of body mass index or age (P = 0.009). The variant rs9939609 was also associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (P = 0.002). Among the eight haplotypes in the population, the haplotype GCA was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing the MetS, higher systolic blood pressure, and higher levels of fasting glucose and triglycerides (TGs) in the total sample and females, separately. Separate analysis by gender revealed a protective haplotype TGT among women (P = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FTO haplotypes have a strong influence on blood pressures and TG and IFG levels. These findings provide evidence that FTO gene may play a critical role in leading to MetS in Tunisian population.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , El Manar I Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elouej
authors.affiliation: 3 Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Prevention Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Hanen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Belfki-Benali
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , El Manar I Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Majdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagara
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , El Manar I Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lasram
authors.affiliation: 4 Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, IURC , Montpellier, France .
authors.forename: Redha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Attaoua
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|5 Department of External Consultation, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Om Kalthoum
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Sallem
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Nutrition , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kamoun
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Mariem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chargui
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romdhane
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|5 Department of External Consultation, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Henda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jamoussi
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Nutrition , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Zinet
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Turki
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|5 Department of External Consultation, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Abdelmajid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abid
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Nutrition , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ben Slama
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , El Manar I Tunis, Tunisia .|7 Laboratoire Central de Biologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahri
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , El Manar I Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdelhak
authors.affiliation: 4 Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, IURC , Montpellier, France .
authors.forename: Florin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grigorescu
authors.affiliation: 3 Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Prevention Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine , Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Habiba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Romdhane
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis , Tunis, Tunisia .|2 Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , El Manar I Tunis, Tunisia .
authors.forename: Rym
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kefi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014416:Tunisia
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014280:Triglycerides; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human