title: Facile Peptides Functionalization of Lanthanide-Based Nanocrystals through Phosphorylation Tethering for Efficient in Vivo NIR-to-NIR Bioimaging.
abstract: Peptide modification of nanoparticles is a challenging task for bioapplications. Here, we show that noncovalent surface engineering based on ligand exchange of peptides for lanthanide based upconversion and downconversion near-infrared (NIR) luminescent nanoparticles can be efficiently realized by modifying the hydroxyl functional group of a side grafted serine of peptides into a phosphate group (phosphorylation). By using the phosphorylated peptide with the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) targeting motifs as typical examples, the modification allows improving the selectivity, sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratio for the cancer targeting and bioimaging and reducing the toxicity derived from nonspecific interactions of nanoparticles with cells. The in vivo NIR bioimaging signal could even be detected at low injection amounts down to 20 μg per animal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Peiyuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.|Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, CMRDI , Helwan 11421, Cairo Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Mohamed
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: El-Toni
authors.affiliation: Advanced Cytometry Laboratories, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
authors.forename: Yiqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements / Q000737:chemistry*; D049449:Luminescence; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; D010455:Peptides