title: Do matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors improve the bond durability of universal dental adhesives?
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibitors on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and the adhesive-dentin interface of two universal dentin bonding agents, Single Bond Universal and All Bond Universal, after 12 months of water storage. Seventy extracted, caries-free, human third molars were used in this study. Of these, 50 were used for μTBS testing and 20 were used for scanning electron microscopy. The two bonding agents were applied to flat dentin surfaces in five different ways: self-etch mode, etch-and-rinse mode with 37% phosphoric acid, etch-and-rinse mode with phosphoric acid containing 1% benzalkonium chloride, etch-and-rinse mode with phosphoric acid and 2% chlorhexidine, and etch-and-rinse mode with 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (n = 5 for each bonding agent in each group; N = 50). Half the specimens were subjected to μTBS tests at 24 h, while half were subjected to the tests after 12 months of water storage. For each bonding agent, inhibition, storage, and their interaction effects were tested by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests. For Single Bond Universal, the benzalkonium chloride (p = 0.024) and chlorhexidine groups (p = 0.033) exhibited significantly higher μTBS values at 24 h compared with the self-etch group. For All Bond Universal, all groups displayed similar bond strengths at 24 h (p > 0.05). After 12 months of water storage, the μTBS values decreased significantly in the benzalkonium chloride group for Single Bond Universal (p = 0.001) and the self-etch (p = 0.029), chlorhexidine (p = 0.046), and EDTA (p = 0.032) groups for All Bond Universal. These results suggest that the immediate dentin bond strength increases when universal bonding systems are applied in the etch-and-rinse mode, although the durability decreases. The use of chlorhexidine and EDTA can increase the bond durability of mild adhesives such as Single Bond Universal. SCANNING 38:535-544, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tekçe
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Safa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuncer
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balci
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements; D003804:Dentin; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D004492:Edetic Acid; D002710:Chlorhexidine
keywords: EDTA; benzalkonium chloride; chlorhexidine; durability; universal adhesives