title: Cholecystectomy Causes Ultrasound Evidence of Increased Hepatic Steatosis.
abstract: Cholecystectomy might contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis through metabolic changes. The biologic alteration of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and the alteration of the metabolic activity of bile acid that follows cholecystectomy may contribute to hepatic steatosis. This prospective study was conducted to clarify the possibility of steatosis development after cholecystectomy.
  
  
  
  From October 2013 to July 2014, 82 consecutive patients with a presumptive diagnosis of gallbladder disease were cholecystectomized. Liver parenchymal steatosis was measured using ultrasound and the hepatic steatosis index.
  
  
  
  In all 82 patients, the hepatic steatosis index was found to be significantly correlated with the US fatty liver grade (Spearman's correlation r (2) = 0.331, P < 0.001). A total of 62 patients were followed up for 3 months. Comparison with the initial grade showed that 12 (18.5 %) patients had worsened from normal to mild (n = 10), from mild to moderate (n = 1), and from mild to severe (n = 1). The other patients stayed at their initial grade except one patient who improved (from moderated to mild). Analysis of laboratory findings showed that white blood cell count, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase level, and total bilirubin level were decreased. However, serum albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly increased.
  
  
  
  Hepatic steatosis significantly developed 3 months after cholecystectomy. Therefore, cholecystectomy might be considered a risk factor for hepatic steatosis, but the relationship should be confirmed with long-term follow-up from a large group of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangchul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. crane87@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dongho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong Geun
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Han Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. dr.bokyeong.kang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bo-Kyeong
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunsung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Sam
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Paik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D012709:Serum Albumin; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases