title: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) therapy for multiple myeloma.
abstract: The introduction of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells has revolutionized immunotherapy and cancer treatment as a whole. However, so far, clinical efficacy has only been demonstrated for CD19-positive B cell lymphomas. For Multiple Myeloma (MM), the second most common haematological malignancy, there are currently no clinical results supporting the usefulness of the adoptive transfer of CAR-modified T cells. This might be related to the fact that an ideal surface target has not yet been identified or the presence of strong local immunosuppression in the tumour microenvironment, which is a hallmark of MM. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of promising target molecules for CAR T cell approaches in MM and we outline a number of ways in which the local immunosuppression in MM can be overcome. By providing a strategy for the design of CAR T cell treatments for MM we hope to transform this new therapeutic approach into a valuable tool within the therapeutic armamentarium for MM.
authors.affiliation: Multiple Myeloma Program, Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah/Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Djordje
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Atanackovic
authors.affiliation: Multiple Myeloma Program, Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah/Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Sabarinath V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Multiple Myeloma Program, Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah/Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Neelam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.affiliation: Multiple Myeloma Program, Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah/Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Luetkens
mesh_terms: D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins
keywords: chimeric antigen receptors; immunotherapy; multiple myeloma; tumour immunology