title: Enzymatic treatment of soy protein isolates: effects on the potential allergenicity, technofunctionality, and sensory properties.
abstract: Soybean allergy is of great concern and continues to challenge both consumer and food industry. The present study investigates the enzyme-assisted reduction in major soybean allergens in soy protein isolate using different food-grade proteases, while maintaining or improving the sensory attributes and technofunctional properties. SDS-PAGE analyses showed that hydrolysis with Alcalase, Pepsin, and Papain was most effective in the degradation of the major soybean allergens with proteolytic activities of 100%, 100%, and 95.9%, respectively. In the course of hydrolysis, the degree of hydrolysis increased, and Alcalase showed the highest degree of hydrolysis (13%) among the proteases tested. DSC analysis confirmed the degradation of major soybean allergens. The sensory experiments conducted by a panel of 10 panelists considered the overall improved sensory properties as well as the bitterness of the individual hydrolysates. In particular, Flavourzyme and Papain were attractive due to a less pronounced bitter taste and improved sensory profile (smell, taste, mouthfeeling). Technofunctional properties showed a good solubility at pH 7.0 and 4.0, emulsifying capacity up to 760 mL g(-1) (Flavourzyme) as well as improved oil-binding capacities, while the water-binding properties were generally decreased. Increased foaming activity for all proteases up to 3582% (Pepsin) was observed, whereas lower foaming stability and density were found. The hydrolysates could potentially be used as hypoallergenic ingredients in a variety of food products due to their improved technofunctional properties and a pleasant taste.
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging (IVV) Giggenhauser Strasse 35 Freising Germany.
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meinlschmidt
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging (IVV) Giggenhauser Strasse 35 Freising Germany.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sussmann
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging (IVV) Giggenhauser Strasse 35 Freising Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schweiggert-Weisz
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging (IVV) Giggenhauser Strasse 35 Freising Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eisner
keywords: Bitterness; SDS‐PAGE; enzymatic hydrolysis; proteolytic enzymes; soybean allergens