title: Effect of D-glucose feeding on mortality induced by sepsis.
abstract: Sepsis is the life-threatening response to infection which can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. In the current study, the effect of orally administered D-glucose on the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by D-Galactosamine (GaLN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis was examined in ICR mice. After various amounts of D-glucose (from 1 to 8 g/kg) were orally fed, sepsis was induced by injecting intraperitoneally (i.p.) the mixture of GaLN /LPS. Oral pre-treatment with D-glucose dose-dependently increased the blood glucose level and caused a reduction of sepsis-induced mortality. The oral post-treatment with D-glucose (8 g/kg) up to 3 h caused an elevation of the blood glucose level and protected the mortality observed in sepsis model. However, D-glucose post-treated at 6, 9, or 12 h after sepsis induction did not affect the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by sepsis. Furthermore, the intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment once with pertussis toxin (PTX; 0.1 µg/5 ml) for 6 days caused a reduction of D-glucose-induced protection of mortality and hyperglycemia. Furthermore, once the hypoglycemic state is continued up to 6 h after sepsis initiated, sepsis-induced mortality could not be reversed by D-glucose fed orally. Based on these findings, it is assumed that the hypoglycemic duration between 3 and 6 h after the sepsis induction may be a critical time of period for the survival. D-glucose-induced protective effect against sepsis-induced mortality appears to be mediated via activating PTX-sensitive G-proteins in the spinal cord. Finally, the production of hyperglycemic state may be critical for the survival against the sepsis-induced mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Su
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.; Adult Stem Cell Research Center in Kangstem Biotech, #81, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Beom
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ryeong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Suh
keywords: Blood glucose; D-glucose; PTX-sensitive G-proteins; Sepsis-mortality; Spinal cord