title: Evaluation of Brown Adipose Tissue Using Near-Infrared Time-Resolved Spectroscopy.
abstract: Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity (SUVmax) has been typically evaluated by 18F-fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT). In this study, the objective was to detect human BAT by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (NIRTRS), a noninvasive and simple method for measuring total hemoglobin concentration [total-Hb] and reduced scattering coefficient (μs') in the tissue. The [total-Hb] in the supraclavicular region of the BAT (+) (SUVmax≥2.0) group was 95.0±28.2 μM (mean+/-SD), which was significantly higher than that of the BAT (-) (SUVmax<2.0) group (52.0±14.8 μM), but not in other regions apart from the BAT deposits. The μs' in the supraclavicular region of the BAT (+) group was 8.4±1.7 cm(-1), which was significantly higher than that of BAT (-) group (4.3±1.0 cm(-1)), but not in other regions. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve closest to (0, 1) for [total-Hb] and μs' to discriminate BAT (+) from BAT (-) was 72.5 μM and 6.3 cm(-1), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for both parameters were 87.5, 100, and 93.3%, respectively. Our novel NIRTRS method is noninvasive, simple, and inexpensive compared with FDG-PET/CT, and is reliable for detecting human BAT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nirengi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneshiro
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saiki
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Hakodate Junior College, Hakodate, Japan.
authors.forename: Sayuri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aita
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.affiliation: LSI Sapporo Clinic, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugie
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku, Japan. kyp02504@nifty.com.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamaoka
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins
keywords: 18F-fluorodeoxy glucose; Computed tomography; Positron emission tomography; Scattering coefficient; Total hemoglobin concentration