title: The responses of pulmonary and systemic circulation and airway to anaphylactic mediators in anesthetized BALB/c mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anaphylactic shock sometimes accompanies pulmonary vaso- and broncho-constriction. We previously reported the hemodynamic features of mouse anaphylaxis (Life Sci. 2014; 116: 98-105). However, the effects of anaphylactic chemical mediators on the hemodynamics of in vivo mice are not well known. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether the mediators exert the same directional actions. Therefore, we determined their effects systematically on total peripheral resistance (TPR), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), or airway pressure (AWP) in anesthetized mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured directly pulmonary arterial pressure, left atrial pressure, systemic arterial pressure, central venous pressure and aortic blood flow to determine PVR and TPR, as well as AWP, following injections of platelet-activating factor (PAF), histamine, serotonin, leukotriene (LT) C4, and prostaglandin (PG) D2 in anesthetized open-chest artificially ventilated BALB/c mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consecutive administration of any agents increased PVR dose-dependently with the maximal responsiveness being PAF>LTC4>serotonin>>histamine=PGD2. Histamine caused a biphasic PVR response, an initial decrease, which was abolished by L-NAME, followed by an increase at high doses. PAF, serotonin, and histamine decreased TPR dose-dependently, while LTC4 or PGD2 yielded an increase or no change in TPR, respectively. Serotonin, but not the other agents, increased AWP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anaphylactic mediators exert non-uniform actions on the pulmonary and systemic circulation and airway in anesthetized BALB/c mice: PAF, LTC4 and serotonin cause substantial pulmonary vasoconstriction, while histamine biphasic responses of the initial nitric oxide dependent vasodilation followed by vasoconstriction; PAF, serotonin, and histamine, but not LTC4 or PGD2, evoke systemic vasodilatation; only serotonin induces airway constriction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; Department of Diabetes Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
authors.forename: Mofei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan. Electronic address: shibamo@kanazawa-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshishige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuhichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanida
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal and Hernia Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurata
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D062186:Arterial Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006632:Histamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012701:Serotonin; D006632:Histamine; D015230:Prostaglandin D2; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
keywords: Anaphylaxis; Left atrial pressure; Pulmonary arterial pressure; Pulmonary vasoconstriction; Total peripheral resistance; Vasodilation