title: Ertapenem resistance in 2 tertiary-care hospitals: Microbiology, epidemiology, and risk factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carbapenems resistance is a growing phenomenon and a threat to public health because of the reduced therapeutic options for resistant infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case-control study was conducted in 2 tertiary-care hospitals in Medellín, Colombia. Fifty patients infected with ertapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae were compared with a control group consisting of 100 patients with infections caused by ertapenem susceptible enterobacteriaceae. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors that best explain ertapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The factors associated with ertapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infections were prior exposure to carbapenems (adjusted OR 3.43; 95% IC 1.08-10.87) and prior exposure to cefepime (adjusted OR 6.46; 95% IC 1.08-38.38).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prior exposure to antibiotics is the factor that best explains the ertapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infection in this population, highlighting the importance of antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Médico de Referencia, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: investigaciones@labmedico.com.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Dirección de Gestión de Conocimiento, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Bibiana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Clínica El Rosario Sede Centro, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Indira
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berrio
authors.affiliation: Clínica El Rosario Sede Tesoro, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manjarrés
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Médico de Referencia, Medellín, Colombia; Clínica El Rosario, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robledo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Médico de Referencia, Medellín, Colombia; Clínica El Rosario, Medellín, Colombia; Unidad de Bacteriología y Micobacterias, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robledo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000073602:Antimicrobial Stewardship; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000077723:Cefepime / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003105:Colombia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D000077727:Ertapenem / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance
chemical_list: D015780:Carbapenems; D000077723:Cefepime; D000077727:Ertapenem
keywords: Carbapenem resistance; Carbapenems; Carbapenémicos; Enterobacteriaceae infections; Factores de riesgo; Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae; Resistencia a carbapenémicos; Risk factors