title: Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma With Medullary Phenotype Versus Renal Medullary Carcinoma: Lessons From Diagnosis in an Italian Man Found to Harbor Sickle Cell Trait.
abstract: Medullary carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the kidney. It affects individuals of African descent and all cases reported show evidence of sickle cell trait. We reviewed an unusual carcinoma arising in a white man, the ninth in the literature. The tumor demonstrated features associated with renal medullary carcinoma, or unclassified renal cell carcinoma, medullary phenotype as recently described; the presence of sickle cell trait confirmed the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma. This case is helpful in the differential diagnosis with non-sickle cell associated "renal cell carcinoma, unclassified with medullary phenotype," and study of this spectrum of tumors is ongoing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Piergiuseppe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, VCU Health System, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Renne
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peschechera
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierpaolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Graziotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Humanitas Research Center, IRCCS, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roncalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mahul B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Amin
keywords: Kidney; Medullary carcinoma; Sickle cell trait; Unclassified renal cell carcinoma