title: Relation between premorbid adjustment, duration of untreated psychosis and close interpersonal trauma in first-episode psychosis.
abstract: Interpersonal traumas are highly prevalent in patients with psychotic disorders. Trauma caused by those close to the patient might have a more profound impact than other types of trauma and may influence early life social functioning. The aim is to investigate the associations between different types of trauma, in particular close interpersonal traumas experienced before the age of 18, premorbid factors and baseline clinical characteristics in a sample of first-episode psychosis patients.
  
  
  
  A total of 191 patients from the 'TIPS' cohort completed assessment with the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey at their 5 years follow-up interview.
  
  
  
  Half of the patients reported that they had experienced interpersonal trauma and one-third reported having experienced close interpersonal trauma before the age of 18. Women reported more sexual abuse, physical attacks and emotional and physical maltreatment than men. There were significant associations between early interpersonal trauma and premorbid adjustment and duration of untreated psychosis, but no significant associations with length of education, comorbid substance use or baseline clinical symptomatology.
  
  
  
  Close interpersonal trauma before the age of 18 is associated with poorer premorbid adjustment and a longer duration of untreated psychosis. This may indicate that traumatic experiences delay help-seeking behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Psychiatry East, Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.|Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ulrik Helt
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Haahr
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Section Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Tor Ketil
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.|Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Department of Research, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway.
authors.forename: Bjørn Rishovd
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Rund
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.|Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Joa
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan Ivar
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Rossberg
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.|Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan Olav
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Johannessen
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langeveld
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evensen
authors.affiliation: Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Psychiatry East, Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.|Psychiatry South, Region Zealand, Vordingborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne Marie Hyldgaard
authors.initials: AMH
authors.lastname: Trauelsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaglum
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Opjordsmoen
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
authors.forename: Wenche Ten Velden
authors.initials: WTV
authors.lastname: Hegelstad
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Svein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Friis
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McGlashan
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Melle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000069586:Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012917:Social Adjustment; D061665:Time-to-Treatment; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adaptive; adjustment; behaviour; psychosis; sexual abuse