title: Impact of a labor and delivery safety bundle on a modified adverse outcomes index.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Obstetrics Adverse Outcomes Index was designed to measure the quality of perinatal care and includes 10 adverse events that may occur at or around the time of delivery. We hypothesized that adverse outcomes in the labor and delivery suite, including hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, could be decreased with a combination of interventions, even among high-risk pregnancies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of a labor and delivery care bundle on adverse obstetrics outcomes as measured by a modified Obstetrics Adverse Outcomes Index, Weighted Adverse Outcomes Index, and Severity Index.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective cohort study including all women who delivered at our academic, tertiary care institution over a 3 year period of time, before and after the implementation of an intervention to decrease adverse outcomes. Outcome measures consisted of previously reported indices that were modified including the addition of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. The adverse outcomes index is a percentage of deliveries with 1 or more adverse events, the weighted adverse outcomes index is the sum of the points assigned to cases with adverse outcomes divided by the number of deliveries, and the severity index is the sum of the adverse outcome scores divided by the number of deliveries with an identified adverse outcome. A segmented regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the differences in the level and trend of each index before and after our intervention using calendar month as the unit of analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 5826 deliveries met inclusion criteria. Comparing the pre- and postintervention periods, high-risk pregnancy was more common in the postintervention period (73.5% vs 79.4%, P < .001). Overall, there was a decrease in both the Modified Weighted Adverse Outcomes Index (P = .0497) and the Modified Severity Index (P = 0.01) comparing the pre- and postintervention periods; there was no difference in the Modified Adverse Outcomes Index (P = .43). For low-risk pregnancies, there was no significant difference in the levels for any of the measured indices over the study period (P = .61, P = .41, and P = .34 for the Modified Adverse Outcomes Index, Modified Weighted Adverse Outcomes Index, and Modified Severity Index, respectively). Among the high-risk pregnancies, the monthly Modified Weighted Adverse Outcomes Index decreased by 4.2 ± 1.8 (P = .03). The monthly Modified Severity Index decreased by 53.9 ± 17.7 points from the pre- to the postintervention periods (P = .01) and was < 50% of the predicted Modified Severity Index had the intervention not been implemented. The cesarean delivery rate was increasing prior to the intervention, but the rate was stable after the intervention, and the absolute rate did not differ between the pre- and the postintervention periods (28.4% vs 30.0%, P = .20).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall and for high-risk pregnancies, the implementation of the labor and delivery care bundle had a positive impact on the Modified Weighted Adverse Outcomes Index and Modified Severity Index but not the Modified Adverse Outcomes Index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Mary Catherine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tolcher
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Vanessa E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Torbenson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Michaela E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McGree
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Sherif A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: El-Nashar
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Katharine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Nesbitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
authors.forename: Bobbie S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gostout
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: famuyide.abimbola@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Abimbola O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Famuyide
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D064872:Patient Care Bundles; D018743:Perinatal Care / Q000592:standards*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D058996:Quality Improvement / Q000639:trends; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adverse events; adverse outcomes index; obstetrics; quality improvement