title: Chitooligomer-Immobilized Biointerfaces with Micropatterned Geometries for Unidirectional Alignment of Myoblast Cells.
abstract: Skeletal muscle possesses a robust capacity to regenerate functional architectures with a unidirectional orientation. In this study, we successfully arranged skeletal myoblast (C2C12) cells along micropatterned gold strips on which chitohexaose was deposited via a vectorial chain immobilization approach. Hexa-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc6) was site-selectively modified at its reducing end with thiosemicarbazide, then immobilized on a gold substrate in striped micropatterns via S-Au chemisorption. Gold micropatterns ranged from 100 to 1000 µm in width. Effects of patterning geometries on C2C12 cell alignment, morphology, and gene expression were investigated. Unidirectional alignment of C2C12 cells having GlcNAc6 receptors was clearly observed along the micropatterns. Decreasing striped pattern width increased cell attachment and proliferation, suggesting that the fixed GlcNAc6 and micropatterns impacted cell function. Possibly, interactions between nonreducing end groups of fixed GlcNAc6 and cell surface receptors initiated cellular alignment. Our technique for mimicking native tissue organization should advance applications in tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. pin_acocyte@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Pornthida
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poosala
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. tkitaoka@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitaoka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D006046:Gold; D051379:Mice; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides; C050523:chitohexaose; D006046:Gold
keywords: biointerface; carbohydrate-protein interaction; cell alignment; micropattern; mouse myoblast cell; oligosaccharide; tissue engineering