title: Urethral Stricture Score is Associated with Anterior Urethroplasty Complexity and Outcome.
abstract: Several surgical techniques are available to treat anterior urethral stricture. The choice of surgical technique largely depends on the severity of stricture disease. The U-score (urethral stricture score) is based on urethral stricture characteristics, namely length (1 to 3 points), number (1 or 2 points), location (1 or 2 points) and etiology (1 or 2 points), which are tallied to provide a total score of 4 to 9 points. Our aim was to identify whether the U-score system is predictive of the surgical complexity and outcome of anterior urethroplasty.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients who underwent anterior urethroplasty from 2002 to 2012 by examining our prospectively collected urethroplasty database. We calculated the U-score and looked for an association with surgical complexity, recurrent stricture and time to recurrence. We defined recurrent stricture as the need for a secondary procedure.
  
  
  
  There were 341 patients who underwent low complexity urethroplasty (anastomotic, buccal mucosal graft and augmented anterior urethroplasty) with a mean U-score of 4.7 while 48 underwent high complexity urethroplasty (double buccal mucosal graft, flap and graft/flap combination) with a mean score of 6.9. Higher U-score was predictive of higher surgical complexity (p <0.001). U-score was also significantly associated with recurrence. There was a consistent increase in the risk of recurrence with each additional U-score point. However, there was no association of U-score with time to recurrence.
  
  
  
  We confirmed the validity of U-score to predict the complexity of surgery for anterior urethral strictures. For the first time to our knowledge we report an association between higher U-score and anterior urethroplasty outcome. The U-score could be used to risk stratify patients and help with perioperative counseling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Electronic address: amjadwal@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amjad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alwaal
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Sanford
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: E Charles
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Osterberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Jack W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: McAninch
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Benjamin N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Breyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016208:Databases, Factual; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: operative; prognosis; recurrence; risk; surgical procedures; urethral stricture