title: Radial shock wave therapy in dogs with hip osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aims were to evaluate the effects of radial shock wave therapy (RSWT) in dogs with hip osteoarthritis (OA) using clinical assessment and kinetic analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty dogs diagnosed with bilateral hip OA and 30 healthy dogs were used. In OA dogs, one limb was randomly selected for treatment with RSWT while the contralateral limb served as an untreated control. Dogs were evaluated while walking on a pressure walkway. Peak vertical force (PVF) and vertical impulse (VI) were documented; symmetry index (SI) was also calculated. Blinded clinical evaluation was performed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Owner perception data regarding levels of physical activity were also collected. The RSWT protocol (2000 pulses, 10 Hz, 2-3.4 bars) consisted of three weekly treatment sessions (days 1, 8 and 16). Follow-up data were collected 30, 60 and 90 days after the first session. Data were compared between time points, groups and limbs pairs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the experimental period, mean PVF and VI values had increased (25.9 to 27.6%BW and 2.1 to 12.7%BW × s respectively) in treated limbs, with no significant differences in control limbs; SI values suggest improvement. Mean PVF and VI remained lower in the treated compared to the healthy group following treatment. The VAS scores suggested improvement in pain and lameness in treated dogs. Owner perception data suggested improved levels of physical activity following treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Outcomes of this study suggested beneficial effects of RSWT in dogs with hip osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Alexandre N. A. Souza, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo - SP, CEP 05508-270, Brazil, Phone: +55 11 3091 1232, Fax: +55 11 3091 7735, E-mail: telha68@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Alexandre N A
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Marcio P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Stefano C F
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: Geni C F
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Patrício
authors.forename: Julia M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Matera
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Dog; hip; kinetic analysis; osteoarthritis; shockwave therapy