title: Engineered Chimeric Peptides as Antimicrobial Surface Coating Agents toward Infection-Free Implants.
abstract: Prevention of bacterial colonization and consequent biofilm formation remains a major challenge in implantable medical devices. Implant-associated infections are not only a major cause of implant failures but also their conventional treatment with antibiotics brings further complications due to the escalation in multidrug resistance to a variety of bacterial species. Owing to their unique properties, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained significant attention as effective agents to combat colonization of microorganisms. These peptides have been shown to exhibit a wide spectrum of activities with specificity to a target cell while having a low tendency for developing bacterial resistance. Engineering biomaterial surfaces that feature AMP properties, therefore, offer a promising approach to prevent implant infections. Here, we engineered a chimeric peptide with bifunctionality that both forms a robust solid-surface coating while presenting antimicrobial property. The individual domains of the chimeric peptides were evaluated for their solid-binding kinetics to titanium substrate as well as for their antimicrobial properties in solution. The antimicrobial efficacy of the chimeric peptide on the implant material was evaluated in vitro against infection by a variety of bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus. epidermidis, and Escherichia coli, which are commonly found in oral and orthopedic implant related surgeries. Our results demonstrate significant improvement in reducing bacterial colonization onto titanium surfaces below the detectable limit. Engineered chimeric peptides with freely displayed antimicrobial domains could be a potential solution for developing infection-free surfaces by engineering implant interfaces with highly reduced bacterial colonization property.
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetic Center, Istanbul Technical University , Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.|Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetic Center, Istanbul Technical University , Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kacar
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors.forename: Brandon R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology , Ankara 06560, Turkey.
authors.forename: E Emre
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Oren
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarikaya
authors.affiliation: Genetically Engineered Materials Science and Engineering Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.|Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Research Center, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.
authors.forename: Candan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tamerler
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D050506:Mutant Chimeric Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D015202:Protein Engineering; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D050506:Mutant Chimeric Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D014025:Titanium
keywords: antimicrobial peptide (AMP); chimeric peptides; infection; modular peptides and peptide-based implant coatings; surface functionalization; titanium binding peptides (TiBP)