title: A Low-Protein, High-Carbohydrate Diet Stimulates Thermogenesis in the Brown Adipose Tissue of Rats via ATF-2.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate thermogenesis in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of rats submitted to low-protein, high-carbohydrate (LPHC) diet and the involvement of adrenergic stimulation in this process. Male rats (~100 g) were submitted to LPHC (6%-protein; 74%-carbohydrate) or control (C; 17%-protein; 63%-carbohydrate) isocaloric diets for 15 days. The IBAT temperature was evaluated in the rats before and after the administration of noradrenaline (NA) (20 µg 100 g b w(-1) min(-1)). The expression levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and other proteins involved in the regulation of UCP1 expression were determined by Western blot (Student's t test, P ≤ 0.05). The LPHC diet promoted a 1.1 °C increase in the basal temperature of IBAT when compared with the basal temperature in the IBAT of the C group. NA administration promoted a 0.3 °C increase in basal temperature in the IBAT of the C rats and a 0.5 °C increase in the IBAT of the LPHC group. The level of UCP1 increased 60% in the IBAT of LPHC-fed rats, and among the proteins involved in its expression, such as β3-AR and α1-AR, there was a 40% increase in the levels of p38-MAPK and a 30% decrease in CREB when compared to the C rats. The higher sympathetic flux to IBAT, which is a consequence of the administration of the LPHC diet to rats, activates thermogenesis and increases the expression of UCP1 in the tissue. Our results suggest that the increase in UCP1 content may occur via p38 MAPK and ATF2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suélem A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: de França
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maísa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Franciele
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Przygodda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Antonieta R
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Garófalo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isis C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Kettelhut
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kalinne S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Colodel
authors.affiliation: FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Flouris
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia M B
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. nairhonda@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Nair H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kawashita
mesh_terms: D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000070601:Diet, Carbohydrate Loading; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2; C497107:Atf2 protein, rat; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: Brown adipose tissue; Low-protein, High-carbohydrate diet; Rats; Thermogenesis