title: Radioprotective Agents: Strategies and Translational Advances.
abstract: Radioprotectors are agents required to protect biological system exposed to radiation, either naturally or through radiation leakage, and they protect normal cells from radiation injury in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. It is imperative to study radioprotectors and their mechanism of action comprehensively, looking at their potential therapeutic applications. This review intimately chronicles the rich intellectual, pharmacological story of natural and synthetic radioprotectors. A continuous effort is going on by researchers to develop clinically promising radioprotective agents. In this article, for the first time we have discussed the impact of radioprotectors on different signaling pathways in cells, which will create a basis for scientific community working in this area to develop novel molecules with better therapeutic efficacy. The bright future of exceptionally noncytotoxic derivatives of bisbenzimidazoles is also described as radiomodulators. Amifostine, an effective radioprotectant, has been approved by the FDA for limited clinical use. However, due to its adverse side effects, it is not routinely used clinically. Recently, CBLB502 and several analog of a peptide are under clinical trial and showed high success against radiotherapy in cancer. This article reviews the different types of radioprotective agents with emphasis on the strategies for the development of novel radioprotectors for drug development. In addition, direction for future strategies relevant to the development of radioprotectors is also addressed.
authors.affiliation: Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Zahid
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Kamran
authors.affiliation: Kansas University of Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160.
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ranjan
authors.affiliation: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
authors.forename: Navrinder
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
authors.forename: Souvik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sur
authors.affiliation: Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.|Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
authors.forename: Vibha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tandon
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents
keywords: radiation; radioprotective agents; radioprotective mechanism(s); signaling pathway