title: Case cohort study of risk factors for post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage is a potentially life-threatening complication of thyroid surgery. The goal of our study was to determine potential risk factors for development of post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case cohort study of patients with post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage between December 2008 and August 2014 was performed. This group of patients was compared with a stratified randomized control group, and several parameters were assessed for association with post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen patients were identified in this time period as developing post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage requiring reoperation. Postoperative hypertension, vomiting and/or straining, longer operative times, and extent of surgical dissection were found to be statistically significant risk factors. Postoperative hypertension was found to be the most significant risk factor, resulting in a 20.3 times increased likelihood of developing post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A number of risk factors for post-thyroidectomy hemorrhage were identified. The most significant was postoperative hypertension. Early control of modifiable risk factors could improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, 22151 Moross Road, PB 1, Suite 212, Detroit, MI 48236, USA.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samona
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, 22151 Moross Road, PB 1, Suite 212, Detroit, MI 48236, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hagglund
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, 22151 Moross Road, PB 1, Suite 212, Detroit, MI 48236, USA.
authors.forename: Elango
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Edhayan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013965:Thyroidectomy
keywords: Bleed; Hemorrhage; Risk; Surgery; Thyroid; Thyroidectomy