title: Salivary Cytoprotective Proteins in Inflammation and Resolution during Experimental Gingivitis--A Pilot Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The protective mechanisms that maintain periodontal homeostasis in gingivitis and prevent periodontal tissue destruction are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify changes in the salivary proteome during experimental gingivitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used oral neutrophil quantification and whole saliva (WS) proteomics to assess changes that occur in the inflammatory and resolution phases of gingivitis in healthy individuals. Oral neutrophils and WS samples were collected and clinical parameters measured on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increased oral neutrophil recruitment and salivary cytoprotective proteins increased progressively during inflammation and decreased in resolution. Oral neutrophil numbers in gingival inflammation and resolution correlated moderately with salivary β-globin, thioredoxin, and albumin and strongly with collagen alpha-1 and G-protein coupled receptor 98.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that changes in salivary cytoprotective proteins in gingivitis are associated with a similar trend in oral neutrophil recruitment and clinical parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found moderate to strong correlations between oral neutrophil numbers and levels of several salivary cytoprotective proteins both in the development of the inflammation and in the resolution of gingivitis. Our proteomics approach identified and relatively quantified specific cytoprotective proteins in this pilot study of experimental gingivitis; however, future and more comprehensive studies are needed to clearly identify and validate those protein biomarkers when gingivitis is active.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Guy M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Aboodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Corneliu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sima
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Schulich Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada; Department of Prosthodontics, CEUMA UniversitySao Luis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Moffa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Schulich Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Karla T B
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Crosara
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Schulich Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Yizhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Schulich Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Walter L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Schulich Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glogauer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019610:Cytoprotection; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome
keywords: gingivitis; inflammation; mass spectrometry; oral neutrophils; proteomics; saliva