title: Proteomic Profile of Unstable Atheroma Plaque: Increased Neutrophil Defensin 1, Clusterin, and Apolipoprotein E Levels in Carotid Secretome.
abstract: Because of the clinical significance of carotid atherosclerosis, the search for novel biomarkers has become a priority. The aim of the present study was to compare the protein secretion profile of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP, n = 12) and nonatherosclerotic mammary artery (MA, n = 10) secretomes. We used a nontargeted proteomic approach that incorporated tandem immunoaffinity depletion, iTRAQ labeling, and nanoflow liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. In total, 162 proteins were quantified, of which 25 showed statistically significant differences in secretome levels between carotid atherosclerotic plaque and nondiseased mammary artery. We found increased levels of neutrophil defensin 1, apolipoprotein E, clusterin, and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein in CAP secretomes. Results were validated by ELISA assays. Also, differentially secreted proteins are involved in pathways such as focal adhesion and leukocyte transendothelial migration. In conclusion, this study provides a subset of identified proteins that are differently expressed in secretomes of clinical significance.
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aragonès
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.|Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII , Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Auguet
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guiu-Jurado
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berlanga
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Curriu
authors.affiliation: Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII , Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Salomé
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII , Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Ajla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alibalic
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Servei Angiologia i Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII , Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Servei de Cirurgia Cardíaca, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona 08916, Spain.
authors.forename: María-Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Camara
authors.affiliation: Group of Research on Omic Methodologies (GROM), Centre for Omic Sciences (COS) , Reus 43204, Spain.
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Canela
authors.affiliation: Group of Research on Omic Methodologies (GROM), Centre for Omic Sciences (COS) , Reus 43204, Spain.
authors.forename: Pol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.affiliation: Servei de Cirurgia Cardíaca, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol , Badalona 08916, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ruyra
authors.affiliation: Servei Angiologia i Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII , Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martín-Paredero
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV). Tarragona 43007, Spain.|Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII , Tarragona 43007, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richart
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000378:metabolism*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051152:Clusterin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D023084:alpha-Defensins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; C495242:CLU protein, human; D051152:Clusterin; D023084:alpha-Defensins; C406413:human neutrophil peptide 1
keywords: atheroma plaque; atherosclerosis; proteomic; secretome