title: Developmental venous anomalies of the brain in children -- imaging spectrum and update.
abstract: Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are the most common vascular malformation of the brain and are commonly identified on routine imaging of the brain. They are typically considered incidental findings, usually with no clinical significance. However the increasing identification of DVAs as a result of improved imaging technology has led to recognition of their association with a variety of abnormal imaging findings and clinically important conditions. This pictorial essay explores the suspected embryological origin, associated imaging features, and proposed pathophysiological mechanisms of DVAs in the pediatric population. This paper emphasizes newer physiological imaging data, which suggest that DVA drainage has less physiological flexibility than otherwise normal venous drainage development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. luke.linscott@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luke L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Linscott
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Leach
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Blaise V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Abruzzo
mesh_terms: D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology*
keywords: Arterialized developmental venous anomaly; Brain; Cerebral cavernous malformations; Children; Developmental venous anomaly; Magnetic resonance imaging; Thrombosis