title: Body mass index values of conscripts in the Polish lands under Prussian rule in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
abstract: The Body Mass Index (BMI) of conscripts from the Polish lands under Prussian rule and its causative factors and changes over time was to characterize. A total of 9965 conscripts aged 20 were examined. Differences in the mean BMI were tested using one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and Tukey's-test (post-hoc test). Factor analysis and multiple regression were employed. The highest BMI values characterized sons of peasants, workers and craftsmen, and the lowest, sons of intelligentsia: the difference for peasants/intelligentsia -0.59kg/m(2) (p=0.0004), and that for workers/intelligentsia and craftsmen/intelligentsia, 0.48 and 0.5kg/m(2) (p=0.0004 and p=0.0057, respectively). The difference in BMI of conscripts from the first and last birth cohorts was 0.61kg/m(2) (p=0.0001). The highest BMI values were noted in conscripts from villages (21.50kg/m(2)), and the lowest, in those from towns (21.15kg/m(2)) and cities (21.19kg/m(2)). The differences for village/town and village/city were statistically significant (p=0.0026 and p=0.0026, respectively). The BMI difference between Poles and Germans was 0.35kg/m(2) (higher value among Poles).
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland. Electronic address: grazyna@amu.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liczbińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biological Development, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Czapla
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piontek
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000266:history* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000266:history* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: BMI; Conscripts; Economy; Living standards; Prussian sector