title: Predictive Value for Galectin 3 and Cardiotrophin 1 in Hemodialysis Patients.
abstract: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have an increased risk of all-cause mortality. The prognostic value of the new cardiac biomarkers, cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1) and galectin 3 (GAL-3), has not yet been defined in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to determine the use of these novel biomarkers for predicting mortality in HD patients. Plasma GAL-3 and CT-1 concentrations were determined (at baseline) in 88 HD patients followed for 22.2 ± 4.7 months. During the follow-up period, 21 (23.9%) deaths were recorded. According to Cox analysis, the cutoff point for GAL-3 as a predictor of mortality was 23.73 ng/mL, while the cutoff point for CT-1 as a predictor of mortality was 36 pg/mL. In univariate analysis, only GAL-3 >23.73 ng/mL was an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio 2.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-6.18). In a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, GAL-3 levels above the cutoff value remained an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Our data suggest that similar to the general population, GAL-3 is an independent predictor of mortality in HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hogas
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Adalbert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schiller
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania lumivoro@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Luminita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Voroneanu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Constantinescu
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Romulus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Timar
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
authors.forename: Petru
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cianga
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
authors.forename: Dimitrie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Siriopol
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Flaviu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bob
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cianga
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
authors.forename: Mihai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onofriescu
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Florica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gadalean
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
authors.forename: Mihai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hogas
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Adelina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mihaescu
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
authors.forename: Stefana Catalina
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bilha
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes," Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Bogdan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Timar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanbay
authors.affiliation: Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banach
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Covic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood*; D037161:Galectins; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D037502:Galectin 3; D037161:Galectins; C428445:LGALS3 protein, human; C092073:cardiotrophin 1
keywords: cardiotrophin 1; chronic kidney disease; galectin 3; hemodialysis; mortality