title: Ophthalmological outcomes of patients treated for pineal region tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE The ophthalmological outcomes of children treated for pineal tumors have received limited attention in the literature. METHODS This paper reviews the outcomes of 29 children treated for pineal and posterior third ventricular tumors in the contemporary era using chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and resection as defined by the histology and/or marker profile of the tumor. RESULTS At the time of diagnosis, all patients except 1 had hydrocephalus and all had ophthalmological involvement. Papilledema was found in 69% of patients. Seventy-five percent of patients had partial or complete Parinaud's syndrome, and diplopia or blurred vision was noted in the remaining patients. Visual acuity was impaired in 8 patients. Outcomes were dependent on the histology of the tumor and the treatment required. Those patients who did not requiring resection showed a lower rate of ophthalmological worsening during treatment and greater long-term improvement, in particular with respect to up-gaze palsy. Patients who underwent resection for postchemotherapy residual disease or primary resection showed greater worsening during treatment and lesser degrees of recovery. All patients with impaired visual acuity improved with treatment. CONCLUSIONS As the mortality of germ cell and other pineal tumors decreases, posttreatment morbidity remains, specifically that related to convergence nystagmus, accommodation, and diplopia. In addition to survival, ophthalmological morbidity should be reported in studies concerning the outcomes of treatment for pineal neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Surgery.
authors.forename: Elizabeth V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Hankinson
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology, and.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hukin
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Surgery.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Cochrane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D002551:Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D010211:Papilledema / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D010870:Pineal Gland; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020542:Third Ventricle; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: NGGCT = nongerminomatous germ cell tumor; Parinaud's syndrome; accommodation; nystagmus; oncology; pineal tumor