title: Altered Hippocampal White Matter Connectivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Memory Decrements.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive decrements. Specifically affected cognitive domains are learning and memory, for which the hippocampus plays an essential role. The pathophysiological mechanism remains to be revealed. The present study examined whether local hippocampal microstructure and white matter connectivity are related to type 2 diabetes and memory performance. Forty participants with type 2 diabetes and 38 participants without type 2 diabetes underwent detailed cognitive assessment and 3-Tesla diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diffusion MRI was performed to assess microstructure (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity) and white matter connectivity (tract volume) of the hippocampus, which were compared between participants with and without type 2 diabetes. No differences in hippocampal microstructure were observed. Participants with type 2 diabetes had fewer white matter connections between the hippocampus and frontal lobe (P = 0.017). Participants who scored lower on memory function, regardless of type 2 diabetes, had fewer white matter connections between the hippocampus and temporal lobe (P = 0.017). Taken together, type 2 diabetes and memory decrements appear to be associated with altered hippocampal white matter connectivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F C G
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: van Bussel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Backes
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P A M
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.affiliation: School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M P J
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van Boxtel
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Schram
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C D A
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stehouwer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wildberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J F A
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000473:pathology*; D066127:White Matter / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: cognition; diffusion; hippocampus; memory; white matter connectivity