title: Organoid culture systems for prostate epithelial and cancer tissue.
abstract: This protocol describes a strategy for the generation of 3D prostate organoid cultures from healthy mouse and human prostate cells (either bulk or FACS-sorted single luminal and basal cells), metastatic prostate cancer lesions and circulating tumor cells. Organoids derived from healthy material contain the differentiated luminal and basal cell types, whereas organoids derived from prostate cancer tissue mimic the histology of the tumor. We explain how to establish these cultures in the fully defined serum-free conditioned medium that is required to sustain organoid growth. Starting with the plating of digested tissue material, full-grown organoids can usually be obtained in ∼2 weeks. The culture protocol we describe here is currently the only one that allows the growth of both the luminal and basal prostatic epithelial lineages, as well as the growth of advanced prostate cancers. Organoids established using this protocol can be used to study many different aspects of prostate biology, including homeostasis, tumorigenesis and drug discovery.
authors.affiliation: Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.|Cancer Genomics Netherlands, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jarno
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drost
authors.affiliation: Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Wouter R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Karthaus
authors.affiliation: Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-2741
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.|Cancer Genomics Netherlands, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Else
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4512-3106
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Driehuis
authors.affiliation: Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sawyers
authors.affiliation: Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.|Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.|Cancer Genomics Netherlands, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Clevers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D009940:Organoids / Q000254:growth & development*; D011467:Prostate / Q000502:physiology*; D013995:Time
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free