title: β-lactoglobulin stabilized nanemulsions--Formulation and process factors affecting droplet size and nanoemulsion stability.
abstract: To avoid the toxicological concerns associated to synthetic surfactants, proteins might be an alternative for the stabilization of pharmaceutical nanoemulsions. The present study investigates the use of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) to stabilize oil in water biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for a pharmaceutical use and prepared by high pressure homogenization (HPH). The effects of composition (nature and weight fraction of oil, β-lg concentration) and of process parameters (pressure and number of cycles) on the droplet size and on the stability of nanoemulsions were thoroughly assessed. The nanoemulsions prepared with β-lg at 1 wt% and with 5 wt% Miglyol 812 (the oil with the lowest viscosity) displayed a relatively small particle size (about 200 nm) and a low polydispersity when a homogenization pressure of 100 MPa was applied for 4 cycles. These nanoemulsions were the most stable formulations over 30 days at least. Emulsification efficiency of β-lg was reduced at higher homogenization pressures (200 MPa and 300 MPa). The effect of HPH process on the interfacial properties of β-lg was evaluated by drop shape analysis. This treatment had an effect neither on the interfacial tension nor on the interfacial dilatational rheology of β-lg at the Miglyol 812/water interface.
authors.affiliation: Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France. Electronic address: ghozlene.mekhloufi@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: Ghozlene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mekhloufi
authors.affiliation: Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Agnely
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D013500:Surface Tension; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D009821:Oils; D014867:Water
keywords: High pressure homogenization; Interfacial rheology; Interfacial tension; Nanoemulsions; Potassium phosphate dibasic (PubChem CID: 24450); Potassium phosphate monobasic (PubChem CID: 516951); Sodium azide (PubChem CID: 33557); Stability; β-Lactoglobulin