title: Fostering Future Leadership in Quality and Safety in Health Care through Systems Thinking.
abstract: There is a critical need for leadership in quality and safety to reform today's disparate spectrum of health services to serve patients in complex health care environments. Nurse graduates of degree completion programs (registered nurse-bachelor of science in nursing [RN-BSN]) are poised for leadership due to their recent education and nursing practice experience. The authors propose that integration of systems thinking into RN-BSN curricula is essential for developing these much needed leadership skills. The purpose of this article is to introduce progressive teaching strategies to help nurse educators achieve the student competencies described in the second essential of the BSN Essentials document (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2009), linking them with the competencies in Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN; L. Cronenwett et al., 2007) using an author-created model for curricular design, the Systems-level Awareness Model. The Systems Thinking Tool (M. A. Dolansky & S. M. Moore, 2013) can be used to evaluate systems thinking in the RN-BSN curriculum.
authors.affiliation: Director RN to BSN Degree Completion Program, Clinical Assistant Professor, Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN 46202.. Electronic address: janephil@iupui.edu.
authors.forename: Janet M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Director RN-to-BSN Program, Wright State University-Miami Valley, College of Nursing and Health, Dayton, OH 45431.. Electronic address: Ann.stalter@wright.edu.
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stalter
authors.affiliation: Director, QSEN Institute, VA Quality Senior Nurse Fellow, Associate Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.. Electronic address: Mad15@case.edu.
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dolansky
authors.affiliation: Assistant Dean, Undergraduate Programs, The University of Texas El Paso School of Nursing, El Paso, TX 79968.. Electronic address: gmckee@utep.edu.
authors.forename: Gloria McKee
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Lopez
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000379:methods*; D007857:Leadership; D009726:Nurses / Q000592:standards / Q000600:supply & distribution; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012449:Safety; D013597:Systems Analysis; D013850:Thinking
keywords: QSEN; Quality and safety; RN-BSN education; Systems thinking