title: Acupuncture for Menopausal Hot Flashes: A Randomized Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hot flashes (HFs) affect up to 75% of menopausal women and pose a considerable health and financial burden. Evidence of acupuncture efficacy as an HF treatment is conflicting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of Chinese medicine acupuncture against sham acupuncture for menopausal HFs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stratified, blind (participants, outcome assessors, and investigators, but not treating acupuncturists), parallel, randomized, sham-controlled trial with equal allocation. (Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12611000393954).
  
  
  METHODS
  Community in Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women older than 40 years in the late menopausal transition or postmenopause with at least 7 moderate HFs daily, meeting criteria for Chinese medicine diagnosis of kidney yin deficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 treatments over 8 weeks of either standardized Chinese medicine needle acupuncture designed to treat kidney yin deficiency or noninsertive sham acupuncture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome was HF score at the end of treatment. Secondary outcomes included quality of life, anxiety, depression, and adverse events. Participants were assessed at 4 weeks, the end of treatment, and then 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment. Intention-to-treat analysis was conducted with linear mixed-effects models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  327 women were randomly assigned to acupuncture (n = 163) or sham acupuncture (n = 164). At the end of treatment, 16% of participants in the acupuncture group and 13% in the sham group were lost to follow-up. Mean HF scores at the end of treatment were 15.36 in the acupuncture group and 15.04 in the sham group (mean difference, 0.33 [95% CI, -1.87 to 2.52]; P = 0.77). No serious adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participants were predominantly Caucasian and did not have breast cancer or surgical menopause.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chinese medicine acupuncture was not superior to noninsertive sham acupuncture for women with moderately severe menopausal HFs.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  National Health and Medical Research Council.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ee
authors.forename: Charlie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Patty
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chondros
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Simon D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teede
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pirotta
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016710:Yin Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis