title: Effect of Marine-Derived n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Major Eicosanoids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from 18 Randomized Controlled Trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may have a beneficial effect on inflammation via lowering pro-inflammatory eicosanoid concentrations. We aimed to assess the effect of marine-derived n-3 PUFA on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) through systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A structured search strategy on PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane up to November 2015 was undertaken in this meta-analysis. Standard mean difference was used to calculate the effect size of marine-derived n-3 PUFA on PGE2, TXB2 and LTB4 in a random-effect model. A total of 18 RCTs with 826 subjects were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Supplementation of marine-derived n-3 PUFA significantly decreased concentrations of TXB2 in serum/plasma in subjects with high risk of cardiovascular diseases (SMD:-1.26; 95% CI: -1.65, -0.86) and LTB4 in neutrophils in unhealthy subjects (subjects with non-autoimmune chronic diseases or auto-immune diseases) (SMD:-0.59: 95% CI: -1.02, -0.16). Subgroup analyses showed a significant reduction of LTB4 in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (SMD: -0.83; 95% CI: -1.37, -0.29), but not in non-autoimmune chronic disease patients (SMD: -0.33; 95% CI: -0.97, 0.31). No significant publication bias was shown in the meta-analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Marine-derived n-3 PUFA had a beneficial effect on reducing the concentration of TXB2 in blood of subjects with high risk of CVD as well as LTB4 in neutrophils in unhealthy subjects, and that subjects with RA showed lower LTB4 content with supplementation of marine-derived n-3 PUFA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiajing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Kelei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fenglei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yuanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jusheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|APCNS Centre of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Duo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012107:Research Design; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015777:Eicosanoids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D015232:Dinoprostone