title: Point-of-Care Ultrasound Findings Associated With Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in the Pediatric Emergency Department.
abstract: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease characterized by clonal proliferation of Langerhans-type cells, causing local or systemic effects. One of the most affected sites in children is the skull. We describe 2 cases of children presenting to the pediatric emergency department with symptoms isolated to the scalp and the point-of-care focused skull ultrasound findings, which assisted in the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in both cases.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Emergency Medicine (M.P.-Z.) and Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (G.Z.-N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.W., J.W.F.). marcelapreto@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Preto-Zamperlini
authors.affiliation: Departments of Emergency Medicine (M.P.-Z.) and Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (G.Z.-N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.W., J.W.F.).
authors.forename: Kirstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weerdenburg
authors.affiliation: Departments of Emergency Medicine (M.P.-Z.) and Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (G.Z.-N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.W., J.W.F.).
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zamperlini-Netto
authors.affiliation: Departments of Emergency Medicine (M.P.-Z.) and Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (G.Z.-N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K.W., J.W.F.).
authors.forename: Jason W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D004630:Emergencies; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010372:Pediatrics; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D012886:Skull
keywords: Langerhans cell histiocytosis; emergency ultrasound; pediatric ultrasound; point-of-care ultrasound