title: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality events in adults with type 2 diabetes - a 10-year follow-up: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
abstract: To identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality events in patients with type 2 diabetes and to calculate their population attributable fraction among a representative Iranian population.
  
  
  
  A total of 1198 patients with type 2 diabetes (504 men and 694 women), aged ≥30 years, without prevalent CVD, with a median follow-up of 10 years were included in current study. To examine the association between risk factors and their outcomes, multivariate sex-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used.
  
  
  
  During the study, 281 and 172 participants experienced CVD and all-cause mortality events, respectively. Regarding CVD events, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 7.22-<10 mmol/L [hazard ratio (HR): 1.46, 95% CI 1.12-1.96], FPG level ≥10 mmol/L (HR 2.04, 1.53-2.72), hypertension (HR 1.65, 1.28-2.13), hypercholesterolaemia (HR 1.96, 1.40-2.75) and high waist to hip ratio (HR 1.30, 0.99-1.70; p = 0.051) were significant predictors, and corresponding population attributable fractions were 9.76, 17.84, 23.26, 41.63 and 14.76%, respectively. Considering all-cause mortality events, hypertension (HR 1.70, 1.23-2.36), FPG level ≥10 mmol/L (HR 2.31, 1.55-3.20) and smoking (HR 1.45, 1.03-2.04) were significant predictors, and corresponding population attributable fractions were 25.81, 20.88 and 11.18%, respectively. Meanwhile, being overweight or obese was associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality events.
  
  
  
  Among modifiable risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia and central adiposity for CVD, smoking for mortality events and hypertension and poor glycaemic control for both outcomes need to be paid most attention by healthcare professionals. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Afsharian
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akbarpour
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hengameh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdi
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sheikholeslami
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Siamak
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Moeini
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Davood
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khalili
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Abbas
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Momenan
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereidoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
authors.affiliation: Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hadaegh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: cardiovascular disease; health policy; mortality; risk factors; type 2 diabetes