title: An update on the comorbidity of ADHD and ASD: a focus on clinical management.
abstract: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly co-occur. With the DSM-5, clinicians are permitted to make an ASD diagnosis in the context of ADHD. In earlier versions of the DSM, this was not acceptable. Both ASD and ADHD are reported to have had substantial increases in prevalence within the past 10 years. As a function of both the increased prevalence of both disorders as well as the ability to make an ASD diagnosis in ADHD, there has been a significant amount of research focusing on the comorbidity between ADHD and ASD in the past few years. Here, we provide an update on the biological, cognitive and behavioral overlap/distinctiveness between the two neurodevelopmental disorders with a focus on data published in the last four years. Treatment strategies for the comorbid condition as well as future areas of research and clinical need are discussed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA.|b Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , SUNY-Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Antshel
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , SUNY-Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang-James
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Kayla E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ledesma
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences , SUNY-Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , NY , USA.|c K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway.|d Department of Neuroscience and Physiology , SUNY-Upstate Medical University , Syracuse , NY , USA.
authors.forename: Stephen V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Faraone
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence
keywords: ADHD; ASD; adolescent; autism spectrum disorder; children; comorbidity; developmental delay; neurodevelopmental disorder