title: Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership in Nurse Managers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study describes the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and transformational leadership (TL) in nurse managers (NMs).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Effective NM leadership is important as they have direct influence over RN performance and patient outcomes. Research has demonstrated that a TL style generates greater commitment from followers than other leadership styles. EI is 1 potential characteristic of TL.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive exploratory research study was conducted to correlate EI and TL practices of NMs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EI was significantly positively correlated with TL and outcome measures of extra-effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction and significantly negatively correlated with laissez-faire leadership. A positive relationship was found between TL and NMs with advanced education and administrative certification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nursing administrators should consider EI characteristics when hiring NMs and lead efforts to advance education to align with organization needs for business and strategic essentials necessary for NM effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Author Affiliations: Senior Vice President of Patient Care Services and Chief Nursing Officer, Northern Westchester Hospital, Mount Kisco, New York (Dr Spano-Szekely); Associate Professor (Dr Quinn Griffin) and Elizabeth Brooks Ford Professor of Nursing (Dr Fitzpatrick), Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Senior Vice President/Chief Clinical Officer (Dr Clavelle), Scottsdale Lincoln Health Network 2, Scottsdale, Arizona.
authors.forename: Lauraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spano-Szekely
authors.forename: Mary T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Quinn Griffin
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clavelle
authors.forename: Joyce J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017146:Models, Organizational; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000523:psychology*; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D017132:Workplace; D055815:Young Adult