title: How to approach the pediatric flatfoot.
abstract: The most difficult aspect regarding treatment of the pediatric flatfoot is understanding who needs surgery, when it is necessary, and what procedure to be done. A thorough history, clinical examination, and imaging should be performed to guide the surgeon through an often complex treatment path. Surgical technique can be divided in three categories: Soft tissue, bony, and arthroereisis. This paper will describe the joint preserving techniques and their application to treat the pediatric flatfoot deformity.
authors.affiliation: Ettore Vulcano, Camilla Maccario, Mark S Myerson, Institute for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction at Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States.
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vulcano
authors.affiliation: Ettore Vulcano, Camilla Maccario, Mark S Myerson, Institute for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction at Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maccario
authors.affiliation: Ettore Vulcano, Camilla Maccario, Mark S Myerson, Institute for Foot and Ankle Reconstruction at Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Myerson
keywords: Arthroereisis; Flatfoot; Flexible; Pediatric; Pes planus; Planovalgus; Rigid