title: Risk factors and therapy for goat mastitis in a hospital-based case-control study in Bangladesh.
abstract: Bangladesh has a large population of goats, which contribute to the income, nutrition and welfare of the households of many families. Mastitis in goats has a low incidence, but is often very severe, making veterinary care necessary. The aim of this study was to identify seasonality and risk factors for goat mastitis in a hospital-based matched case-control study in a teaching veterinary hospital in Chittagong, Bangladesh and to describe the range of antimicrobial treatments applied in this situation. Cases of mastitis and controls were drawn from the hospital patient recording system, along with their risk factor status. Multiple imputation was applied to deal with the missing values in the data analysis. Mastitis occurred somewhat more in the rainy season, and comprised about 3% of all goats admitted to the hospital during January 2011-June 2014. Free-ranging farming system, poor body condition score and non-native goat breeds were significantly associated with case status. Treatment of clinical mastitis was variable and unsystematic, but the use of gentamicin was commonly recorded. The need for more prudent and evidence-based antimicrobial therapies is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3583CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: g.koop@uu.nl.
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koop
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: nurul.dvm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Md Nurul
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: mizanbs@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Md Mizanur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh. Electronic address: monarahman24@bau.edu.bd.
authors.forename: Momena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khatun
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: ferdous_jinnat@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jinnat
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferdous
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: Sayeed.dvm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Md Abu
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sayeed
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: sharifdvm51@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shariful
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: zamancvasu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahaduzzaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: najatdvm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sazeda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akter
authors.affiliation: Shahedul Alam Quadery Teaching Veterinary Hospital, CVASU, Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: mannanhasmi_2008@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mannan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, CVASU, Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: miladhasan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Mahmudul
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Regional Support Unit for SAARC, Nepal. Electronic address: Ravi.Dissanayake@fao.org.
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dissanayake
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Surgery, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Zakir Hossain Road, Khulshi, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh. Electronic address: md.hoque@my.jcu.edu.au.
authors.forename: Md Ahasanul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoque
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006041:Goats; D006762:Hospitals, Animal; D008413:Mastitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Goat; Mastitis; Multiple imputation; Risk factor; Therapy