title: Chemical constituents and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Cistanche violacea Desf. (Orobanchaceae) extract.
abstract: A new iridoid (1) and a new phenylethanoid glycoside (4), together with five known compounds (2, 3, 5, 6 and 7), were isolated for the first time from the ethyl acetate soluble part of the hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Cistanche violacea Desf. (Orobanchaceae), an endemic species of the North of the Sahara. The structures of these compounds have been elucidated on the basis of extensive 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, including COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, CIGAR-HMBC, H2BC and HSQC-TOCSY. All compounds were isolated from C. violacea for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activity of the EtOAc extract of C. violacea, was investigated by using human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and inhibition of the albumin denaturation method. This study demonstrates, for the first time the effectiveness of C. violacea in combating inflammation, this might be believed to be influenced by the synergistic action of the above isolated compounds. The present study suggests that C. violacea would serve as a source for the discovery of novel anti-inflammatory agents.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physico-Chimique et Biologique (VARENBIOMOL), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine, Algeria.
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bougandoura
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples (SUN), via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy. Electronic address: brigida.dabrosca@unina2.it.
authors.forename: Brigida
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: D'Abrosca
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine, Algeria.
authors.forename: Souad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ameddah
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples (SUN), via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scognamiglio
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physico-Chimique et Biologique (VARENBIOMOL), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine, Algeria. Electronic address: mekkiou_ratiba@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Ratiba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mekkiou
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples (SUN), via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fiorentino
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physico-Chimique et Biologique (VARENBIOMOL), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine, Algeria.
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benayache
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physico-Chimique et Biologique (VARENBIOMOL), Université Frères Mentouri Constantine, Algeria.
authors.forename: Fadila
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benayache
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D031671:Cistanche / Q000737:chemistry*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D039823:Iridoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015394:Molecular Structure; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006027:Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; Cistanche violacea; Iridoids; Orobanchaceae; Phenylethanoid glycosides