title: Development of carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogel and nanosilver composite as antimicrobial agents for UTI pathogens.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) containing hydrogel composite were first synthesized by preparing a new hydrogel from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the cross-linker ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE), followed by the incorporation of AgNPs by microwave radiation. The resulting neat hydrogels and AgNPs-hydrogel composites were characterized using spectral, thermal, microscopic analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The SEM and TEM results demonstrated that the synthesized AgNPs were spherical with diameters ranging from 8 to 14nm. In addition, the XRD analysis confirmed the nanocrystalline phase of silver with face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the AgNPs confirmed the presence of an elemental silver signal, and no peaks of any other impurities were detected. Additionally, the antibacterial activities of the neat hydrogel and AgNPs-hydrogel composites were measured by Kirby-Bauer method against urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens. The rheology measurement revealed that the values of storage modulus (G') were higher than that of loss modulus (G″). The AgNPs-hydrogel composites exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis compared to the corresponding neat hydrogel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: alshehri@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Saad M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Alshehri
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: aaldalbahi@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aldalbahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: abh121@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Abdullah Baker
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Al-Hajji
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: anis.chaudhary@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anis Ahmad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Soft Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia; Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: panhuis@uow.edu.au.
authors.forename: Marc In Het
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Panhuis
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: nhokbany@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Norah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alhokbany
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: tahamed@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Tansir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ahamad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010316:Particle Size; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D020100:Hydrogels; D012834:Silver; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; FT-IR; Hydrogel; Silver; Urinary tract infection