title: Development and evaluation of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parent Study Physical Activity Questionnaire (APCAPS-PAQ): a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is limited availability of context-specific physical activity questionnaires in low and middle income countries. The aim of this study was to develop and examine the validity of a new Indian physical activity questionnaire, the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parent Study Physical Activity Questionnaire (APCAPS-PAQ).
  
  
  METHODS
  The current study was conducted with the cohort from the Hyderabad DXA Study (n = 2321), recruited in 2009-2010. Criterion validity (n = 245) was examined by comparing the APCAPS-PAQ to a combined heart rate and motion sensor worn for 8 days. Construct validity (n = 2321) was assessed with linear regression, comparing APCAPS-PAQ against BMI, percent body fat, and pulse rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The APCAPS-PAQ criterion validity was variable depending on the PA intensity groups (ρ = 0.26, 0.07, 0.39; к = 0.14, 0.04, 0.16 for sedentary, light, moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) respectively). Sedentary and light intensity activities from the questionnaire were underestimated when compared to the criterion data while MVPA in APCAPS-PAQ was overestimated. Higher time spent in sedentary activity in APCAPS-PAQ was associated with higher BMI and percent body fat, suggesting construct validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The APCAPS-PAQ validity is comparable to other physical activity questionnaires. This tool is able to assess sedentary behavior, moderate/vigorous activity and physical activity energy expenditure on a group level with reasonable validity. This new questionnaire may be used for ranking individuals according to their sedentary time and physical activity in southern India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK. mika.matsuzaki@lshtm.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.|MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ekelund
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: K V Radha
authors.initials: KVR
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.|Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Bharati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Collier
authors.affiliation: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ben-Shlomo
authors.affiliation: Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinra
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuper
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010290:Parents; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*