title: Ligularia fischeri extract attenuates liver damage induced by chronic alcohol intake.
abstract: Context Ligularia fischeri (Ledebour) Turcz. (Compositae) has been used as a leafy vegetable and in traditional medicine to treat hepatic disorder in East Asia. Objective The present study explores the antioxidant activity of LF aqueous extract on EtOH-induced oxidative stress accompanied by hepatotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods In vitro study using the mouse liver NCTC-1469 cell line was conducted to estimate the cytotoxicity as well as the inhibitory effect of LF extract against alcohol-treated cell damage. In vivo study used an alcohol-fed Wister rat model orally administered EtOH (3.95 g/kg of body weight/d) with or without LF extract (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks. Serum and liver tissue were collected to evaluate hepatic injury and antioxidant-related enzyme activity. Results The EC50 value for the DPPH radical scavenging capacity of LF extract was 451.5 μg/mL, whereas the IC50 value of LF extract in terms of EtOH-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was 98.3 μg/mL without cell cytotoxicity. LF extract (200 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the triglyceride content of serum (33%) as well as hepatic lipid peroxidation (36%), whereas SOD activity was elevated three-fold. LF extract suppressed expression of CYP2E1 and TNF-α, and attenuated alcohol-induced abnormal morphological changes. Discussion and conclusion LF extract attenuated liver damage induced by alcoholic oxidative stress through inhibition of ROS generation, down-regulation of CYP2E1, and activation of hepatic antioxidative enzymes. Homeostasis of the antioxidative defence system in the liver by LF extract mitigated hepatic disorder following chronic alcohol intake.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Science and Technology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea ;|b Biofilm Research Labs, Department of Orthodontics, Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
authors.forename: Dongyeop
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Science and Technology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Gyeong-Woo
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Science and Technology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Seon-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Science and Technology , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Gi Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Alcohol-fed rat model; alcoholic liver disease; antioxidative enzyme; hepatoprotection; reactive oxygen species