title: Global gene expression analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in rhesus monkey infants with CA16 infection-induced HFMD.
abstract: Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is a dominant pathogen that results in hand, foot, and mouth disease and causes outbreaks worldwide, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study has demonstrated that the basic CA16 pathogenic process was successfully mimicked in rhesus monkey infant. The present study focused on the global gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of rhesus monkey infants with hand, foot, and mouth disease induced by CA16 infection at different time points. Genome-wide expression analysis was performed with Agilent whole-genome microarrays and established bioinformatics tools. Nine hundred and forty-eight significant differentially expressed genes that were associated with 5 gene ontology categories, including cell communication, cell cycle, immune system process, regulation of transcription and metabolic process were identified. Subsequently, the mapping of genes related to the immune system process by PANTHER pathway analysis revealed the predominance of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways and the interleukin signaling pathway. Ultimately, co-expressed genes and their networks were analyzed. The results revealed the gene expression profile of the immune system in response to CA16 in rhesus monkey infants and suggested that such an immune response was generated as a result of the positive mobilization of the immune system. This initial microarray study will provide insights into the molecular mechanism of CA16 infection and will facilitate the identification of biomarkers for the evaluation of vaccines against this virus.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Yajie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Yunguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Lichun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Yancui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Ruotong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Huiwen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Haijing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
authors.forename: Zhanlong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China. Electronic address: liqihan@imbcams.com.cn.
authors.forename: Qihan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China. Electronic address: longdingl@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Longding
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D063990:Gene Ontology; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000662:veterinary*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D059467:Transcriptome
keywords: Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16); Global gene expression analysis; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Rhesus monkey infants