title: Effect of Cell Seeding Conditions on the Efficiency of In Vivo Bone Formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To optimize methods for seeding cells on granular-type beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone marrow stromal cells were obtained from rat long bones and cultured in flasks with Minimum Essential Medium, Alpha Modification (αMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, β -glycerophosphate, and antibiotics. The influence of differential cell seeding densities and dynamic cell seeding conditions (rotation) was investigated using different sizes of β -TCP granules and a subcutaneous implantation model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher cell seeding densities contributed to efficient in vivo bone formation. The rotational seeding did not affect the efficiency but contributed to the uniformity. Although the granule size did not affect the efficiency under the conditions used in this study, large granules showed more uniform distribution of bone regeneration, while small granules showed nonuniform but dense bone formation. Mixtures of relatively large and small granules may be beneficial for both uniform and efficient bone regeneration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings may contribute to stable bone tissue engineering with bone marrow stromal cells and β -TCP granules as a scaffold.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Agata
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takaoka
authors.forename: Arinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tojo
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kagami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012399:Rotation; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate