title: Effective dose evaluation of NORM-added consumer products using Monte Carlo simulations and the ICRP computational human phantoms.
abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential hazard of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) added consumer products. Using the Monte Carlo method, the radioactive products were simulated with ICRP reference phantom and the organ doses were calculated with the usage scenario. Finally, the annual effective doses were evaluated as lower than the public dose limit of 1mSv y(-1) for 44 products. It was demonstrated that NORM-added consumer products could be quantitatively assessed for the safety regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do Hyeon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Office of Research Affairs, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wook-Geun
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wi-Ho
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeryong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seokwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: chmin@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chul Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Min
mesh_terms: D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005260:Female; D006794:Household Articles; D006795:Household Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D000069079:Radiation Exposure; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes
keywords: Consumer products; Effective dose; ICRP referenced phantom; Monte Carlo simulation; NORM