title: Enabling personalized cancer medicine decisions: The challenging pharmacological approach of PBPK models for nanomedicine and pharmacogenomics (Review).
abstract: The existing tumor heterogeneity and the complexity of cancer cell biology critically demand powerful translational tools with which to support interdisciplinary efforts aiming to advance personalized cancer medicine decisions in drug development and clinical practice. The development of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to predict the effects of drugs in the body facilitates the clinical translation of genomic knowledge and the implementation of in vivo pharmacology experience with pharmacogenomics. Such a direction unequivocally empowers our capacity to also make personalized drug dosage scheme decisions for drugs, including molecularly targeted agents and innovative nanoformulations, i.e. in establishing pharmacotyping in prescription. In this way, the applicability of PBPK models to guide individualized cancer therapeutic decisions of broad clinical utility in nanomedicine in real-time and in a cost-affordable manner will be discussed. The latter will be presented by emphasizing the need for combined efforts within the scientific borderlines of genomics with nanotechnology to ensure major benefits and productivity for nanomedicine and personalized medicine interventions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR‑54124, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Vizirianakis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR‑54124, Greece.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mystridis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Patras, Patras GR-26504, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Avgoustakis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fatouros
authors.affiliation: Computational BioMedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: Marios
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spanakis
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D000071184:Pharmacogenomic Variants; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*