title: Flax lignan concentrate reverses alterations in blood pressure, left ventricular functions, lipid profile and antioxidant status in DOCA-salt induced renal hypertension in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Earlier we reported cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic, and in vitro antioxidant activity of flax lignan concentrate (FLC) obtained from the seeds of Linum usitatissimum L. (Linaceae).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of FLC in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt induced experimental renal hypertension in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypertension was induced in uninephrectomized (UNTZD) male Wistar rats (230-280 g) by injecting DOCA (25 mg/kg, subcutaneously, twice weekly) and supplementing 1% NaCl in drinking water for 5 weeks. The rats were divided in six groups. Captopril (30 mg/kg, p.o.) and FLC (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered daily to the rats of groups III-VI, respectively, for 5 weeks. Various hemodynamic and biochemical parameters were investigated as well as histology of kidney and heart were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, the FLC (400 and 800 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) decreased the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure. It also significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) decreased elevated end diastolic pressure (EDP), dP/dt max and dP/dt min, organs weights (kidney and heart) and activities of hepatic, renal and cardiac marker enzymes in the serum. Furthermore, FLC (400 and 800 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) restored altered antioxidant status, serum electrolyte level, lipid profile values, and histological abnormalities. Captopril (30 mg/kg) showed maximum antihypertensive effect but low dose of FLC (200 mg/kg) was not enough to show the antihypertensive activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FLC possessed antihypertensive effect via modulation of endogenous enzymes in DOCA-salt induced renal hypertension in rats.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy , Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune , Maharashtra , India.
authors.forename: Sameer H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sawant
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy , Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune , Maharashtra , India.
authors.forename: Subhash L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bodhankar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002216:Captopril / Q000008:administration & dosage; D064791:Desoxycorticosterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D017705:Lignans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D017705:Lignans; D008055:Lipids; D064791:Desoxycorticosterone Acetate; D002216:Captopril
keywords: Antihypertensive activity; DOCA; Linum usitatissimum; flaxseed; renal hypertension