title: The incidence and mortality of lung cancer and their relationship to development in Asia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer worldwide and the most common cancer in Asia. It is necessary to get information on epidemiology and inequalities related to incidence and mortality of the cancer to use for planning and further research. This study aimed to investigate epidemiology and inequality of incidence and mortality from lung cancer in Asia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted based on data from the world data of cancer and the World Bank [including the Human Development Index (HDI) and its components]. The incidence and mortality rates, and cancer distribution maps were drawn for Asian countries. To analyze data, correlation test between incidence and death rates, and HDI and its components at significant was used in the significant level of 0.05 using SPSS software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1,033,881 incidence (71.13% were males and 28.87% were females. Sex ratio was 2.46) and 936,051 death (71.45% in men and 28.55% in women. The sex ratio was 2.50) recorded in Asian countries in 2012. Five countries with the highest standardized incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer were Democratic Republic of Korea, China, Armenia, Turkey, and Timor-Leste, respectively. Correlation between HDI and standardized incidence rate was 0.345 (P=0.019), in men 0.301 (P=0.042) and in women 0.3 (P=0.043); also between HDI and standardized mortality rate 0.289 (P=0.052), in men 0.265 (P=0.075) and in women 0.200 (P=0.182).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of lung cancer has been increasing in Asia. It is high in men. Along with development, the incidence and mortality from lung cancer increases. It seems necessary to study reasons and factors of increasing the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in Asian countries.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran ; 4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ; 5 Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 6 Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pakzad
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran ; 4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ; 5 Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 6 Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdollah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadian-Hafshejani
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran ; 4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ; 5 Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 6 Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahshid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghoncheh
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran ; 4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ; 5 Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 6 Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pakzad
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran ; 4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran ; 5 Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 6 Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salehiniya
keywords: Asia; Epidemiology; incidence; inequality; lung cancer; mortality