title: Radionuclide observables during the Integrated Field Exercise of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.
abstract: In 2014 the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) undertook an Integrated Field Exercise (IFE14) in Jordan. The exercise consisted of a simulated 0.5-2 kT underground nuclear explosion triggering an On-site Inspection (OSI) to search for evidence of a Treaty violation. This research paper evaluates two of the OSI techniques used during the IFE14, laboratory-based gamma-spectrometry of soil samples and in-situ gamma-spectrometry, both of which were implemented to search for 17 OSI relevant particulate radionuclides indicative of nuclear explosions. The detection sensitivity is evaluated using real IFE and model data. It indicates that higher sensitivity laboratory measurements are the optimum technique during the IFE and within the Treaty/Protocol-specified OSI timeframes.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, USA. Electronic address: jonathan.burnett@pnnl.gov.
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Harry S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Miley
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Milbrath
mesh_terms: D007391:International Cooperation; D007597:Jordan; D054043:Nuclear Weapons; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D013051:Spectrometry, Gamma
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive
keywords: CTBT; Integrated Field Exercise; OSI