title: The Pseudomonas syringae type III effectors AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2 promote virulence dependent on the F-box protein COI1.
abstract: Type III effectors AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2 promote bacterial growth dependent on a COI1-mediated pathway in the absence of the RPM1 and RPS2 resistance proteins. The type III effectors, AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2, promote bacterial virulence by suppressing host defense responses. The defense suppressing activities of AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2 are best studied in the absence of the resistance proteins RPM1 and RPS2, which induce defense responses to them. We tested whether the type III effectors could modulate a CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)-mediated hormone signaling pathway to promote virulence. COI1 has been demonstrated to contribute in the induction of chlorosis during Pseudomonas syringae infection. By comparing the activity of inducibly expressed AvrRpm1-HA or AvrRpt2-HA in rpm1rps2 and rpm1rps2coi1 backgrounds, we demonstrate that both effectors promote bacterial growth dependent on a COI1-mediated pathway and additively with the action of coronatine (COR) and that AvrRpt2-HA induces COI1-dependent chlorosis. Further, PATHOGENESIS RELATED1 (PR-1) expression resulting from inducible expression of AvrRpm1-HA or AvrRpt2-HA is elevated in coi1 plants consistent with the effectors activating JA-signaling to antagonize SA-signaling. In addition, we found that AvrRpm1-HA or AvrRpt2-HA requires COI1 to promote bacterial growth through suppression of both SA-dependent and SA-independent defense responses. Collectively, these results indicate that type III effectors AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2 promote bacterial virulence by targeting a COI1-dependent signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China. xqgeng@sjtu.edu.cn.|Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State Univerity, Rm. 306C Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. xqgeng@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xueqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State Univerity, Rm. 306C Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Mingzhe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State Univerity, Rm. 306C Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.|Academy of New Biology for Plant Senescence and Life History/New Biology, DGIST, 50-1 Sang-Ri, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 711-873, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State Univerity, Rm. 306C Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. mackey.86@osu.edu.|Department of Molecular and Genetics, The Ohio State Univerity, Columbus, USA. mackey.86@osu.edu.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mackey
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D044783:F-Box Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005408:Flagellin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007192:Indenes / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014774:Virulence / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C112279:COI1 protein, Arabidopsis; D044783:F-Box Proteins; D007192:Indenes; D005408:Flagellin; C058487:coronatine; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: AvrRpm1; AvrRpt2; COI1; Type III effector