title: Noninvasive Staging of Kidney Dysfunction Enabled by Renal-Clearable Luminescent Gold Nanoparticles.
abstract: As a "silent killer", kidney disease is often hardly detected at an early stage but can cause lethal kidney failure later on. Thus, a preclinical imaging technique that can readily differentiate between the stages of kidney dysfunction is highly desired for improving our fundamental understanding of kidney disease progression. Herein, we report that in vivo fluorescence imaging, enabled by renal-clearable near-infrared-emitting gold nanoparticles, can noninvasively detect kidney dysfunction, report on the dysfunctional stages, and even reveal adaptive function in a mouse model of unilateral obstructive nephropathy, which cannot be diagnosed with routine kidney function markers. These results demonstrate that low-cost fluorescence kidney functional imaging is highly sensitive and useful for the longitudinal, noninvasive monitoring of kidney dysfunction progression in preclinical research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Mengxiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Jiancheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Bujie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Authement
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gandee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.|Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Payal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kapur
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Jer-Tsong
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA. jiezheng@utdallas.edu.|Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. jiezheng@utdallas.edu.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D049449:Luminescence; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D006046:Gold
keywords: fluorescence imaging; imaging agents; kidney disease; kidney dysfunction; nanoparticles