title: Urinary incontinence in men: current and developing therapy options.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary incontinence in men is a significant and often underappreciated problem. Men can have urgency and or stress incontinence. Urgency incontinence as part of the overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and can often coexist with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) in men and the initial treatment of this is conservative lifestyle changes and then medical therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This literature review aims to cover synthetic drugs currently utilised to treat urinary incontinence in men that are phase III and onwards. Neurological incontinence and surgical treatment options for male urinary incontinence are beyond the scope of this review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most common form of urinary incontinence in men is urgency incontinence secondary to an OAB, which often co-exists in men, with bladder outflow obstruction (BOO). The pharmacotherapy options to treat OAB include antimuscarinics, β3 agonists and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Antimuscarinics and β3 agonists are effective in treating OAB, and have been found to have no increased urinary retention risk in the group of patients with co-existing BPO. Emerging medications include the alternative β3 agonists - solabegron and ritobegron. The future may include novel combinations of these therapies.
authors.affiliation: a Urology SPR , Southmead Hospital , Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burden
authors.affiliation: b Head of Teaching and Research, Bristol Urological Institute, Chair, International Consultation on Urological Diseases, Bristol Urological Institute , Southmead Hospital , Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D058667:Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D058667:Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
keywords: Urinary incontinence; antimuscarinic; male; overactive bladder