title: Pathophysiological Responses in Rat and Mouse Models of Radiation-Induced Brain Injury.
abstract: The brain is the major dose-limiting organ in patients undergoing radiotherapy for assorted conditions. Radiation-induced brain injury is common and mainly occurs in patients receiving radiotherapy for malignant head and neck tumors, arteriovenous malformations, or lung cancer-derived brain metastases. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced brain injury are largely unknown. Although many treatment strategies are employed for affected individuals, the effects remain suboptimal. Accordingly, animal models are extremely important for elucidating pathogenic radiation-associated mechanisms and for developing more efficacious therapies. So far, models employing various animal species with different radiation dosages and fractions have been introduced to investigate the prevention, mechanisms, early detection, and management of radiation-induced brain injury. However, these models all have limitations, and none are widely accepted. This review summarizes the animal models currently set forth for studies of radiation-induced brain injury, especially rat and mouse, as well as radiation dosages, dose fractionation, and secondary pathophysiological responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.|Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Lianhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.|Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincical Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Guoqian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.|Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.|Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.|Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Jinping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Number 107, Yan Jiang Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China. yameitang@hotmail.com.|Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China. yameitang@hotmail.com.|Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. yameitang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yamei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats
keywords: Animal model; Brain injury; Pathogenic mechanism; Radiation