title: Current advances in therapies for calcium pyrophosphate crystal arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal disease is a common rheumatologic disorder that has received limited attention from the scientific community. This review is aimed at summarizing current evidence for managing CPP disease (CPPD), focusing on recently reported advances.
  
  
  RESULTS
  New data from case series indicate that interleukin-1β inhibitors can help patients with refractory forms of CPPD. Methotrexate, formerly a promising agent, failed to demonstrate benefits in a recent trial, but still merits consideration for some patients. No significant advances on crystal dissolution have been achieved to date. Proper characterization of the CPP crystal disease picture is needed, ruling out the possible coexistence of another persistent arthritis unrelated to the CPP deposition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advances on CPP crystal dissolution and establishing definitions of the clinical spectrum of CPPD remain the main challenges for CPP crystal disease management.
authors.affiliation: aSección de Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario de Elda bSección de Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante cDepartamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain *Francisca Sivera and Mariano Andrés equally contributed to the writing of this manuscript and share first authorship.
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sivera
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andrés
authors.forename: Eliseo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pascual
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002131:Calcium Pyrophosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D002805:Chondrocalcinosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003460:Crystallization; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D002131:Calcium Pyrophosphate; D008727:Methotrexate