title: Comparison of medication policies to guide nursing practice across seven Victorian health services.
abstract: Objectives The objective of this paper is to review and compare the content of medication management policies across seven Australian health services located in the state of Victoria. Methods The medication management policies for health professionals involved in administering medications were obtained from seven health services under one jurisdiction. Analysis focused on policy content, including the health service requirements and regulations governing practice. Results and Conclusions The policies of the seven health services contained standard information about staff authorisation, controlled medications and poisons, labelling injections and infusions, patient self-administration, documentation and managing medication errors. However, policy related to individual health professional responsibilities, single- and double-checking medications, telephone orders and expected staff competencies varied across the seven health services. Some inconsistencies in health professionals' responsibilities among medication management policies were identified. What is known about the topic? Medication errors are recognised as the single most preventable cause of patient harm in hospitals and occur most frequently during administration. Medication management is a complex process involving several management and treatment decisions. Policies are developed to assist health professionals to safely manage medications and standardise practice; however, co-occurring activities and interruptions increase the risk of medication errors. What does this paper add? In the present policy analysis, we identified some variation in the content of medication management policies across seven Victorian health services. Policies varied in relation to medications that require single- and double-checking, as well as by whom, nurse-initiated medications, administration rights, telephone orders and competencies required to check medications. What are the implications for practitioners? Variation in medication management policies across organisations is highlighted and raises concerns regarding consistency in governance and practice related to medication management. Lack of practice standardisation has previously been implicated in medication errors. Lack of intrajurisdictional concordance should be addressed to increase consistency. Inconsistency in expectations between healthcare services may lead to confusion about expectations among health professionals moving from one healthcare service to another, and possibly lead to increased risk of medication errors.
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Mariann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fossum
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manias
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Trisha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dunning
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Considine
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Botti
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Maxine M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Duke
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia. Email: ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
authors.forename: Tracey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bucknall
mesh_terms: D004282:Documentation; D006801:Humans; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D054539:Medication Therapy Management; D024802:Nurse's Role; D016134:Organizational Policy; D014739:Victoria