title: Analytical approaches for clarification of DNA-double decker phthalocyanine binding mechanism: As an alternative anticancer chemotherapeutic.
abstract: In the present study a novel water soluble double-decker phthalocyanine was synthesized and calf thymus DNA interaction of the synthesized double-decker phthalocyanine was investigated. 5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole substituted phthalonitrile 1 was prepared by a nucleophilic displacement reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with 5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol. Lutetium(III) double-decker phthalocyanine 2 was prepared by cyclotetramerization of compound 1. Water soluble lutetium(III) double-decker phthalocyanine 3 was prepared with quaternarization of compound 2. The synthesized double-decker phthalocyanine and calf thymus DNA interaction was investigated with UV-vis titrimetric methods, gel electrophoresis, and viscosity measurements. The fluorometric ethidium bromide replacement assay was conducted to clarify the binding mode of water soluble double-decker phthalocyanine. The thermodynamic parameters for interaction, K, ΔG0, ΔH0and ΔS0were calculated between the temperature ranges of 25°C-75°C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study about a double-decker phthalocyanine and DNA interaction.
authors.affiliation: Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bağda
authors.affiliation: Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yabaş
authors.affiliation: Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Sivas, Turkey. Electronic address: ebagda@cumhuriyet.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Efkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bağda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004996:Ethidium / Q000737:chemistry; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D054833:Isoindoles; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D004247:DNA; C427203:calf thymus DNA; D004996:Ethidium; C013647:phthalocyanine
keywords: Double-decker phthalocyanine; Gel electrophoresis; Spectroscopic investigation; Viscosity; ct-DNA