title: Osteomyelitis caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans.
abstract: Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an aerobic, nonfermenting gram-negative rod and described as a waterborne bacterium since it habits aquatic environments ubiquitously. It has frequently been isolated from aquatic surroundings in the hospital and from various human body sites. Although occasionally considered a non-pathogen, A. xylosoxidans has been associated with outbreaks of nosocomial infection due to contaminated fluids. Moreover, a wide variety of infectious etiologies due to A. xylosoxidans has been reported primarily in immunocompromised individuals. Heightened awareness of this bacterium and associated clinical importance is warranted for clinicians since its broad disease spectrum in humans and frequent multi-drug resistance may result in an increased mortality rate. In this report, we describe a case of osteomyelitis caused by A. xylosoxidans in a patient with a history of diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1301 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinha
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Long Island College Hospital, 339 Hicks Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
authors.forename: Ifeanyi C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Oguagha
keywords: Achromobacter; Nonfermenters; Osteomyelitis; Outbreaks