title: An Osteochondral Lesion of the Distal Tibia and Fibula in Patients With an Osteochondral Lesion of the Talus on MRI: Prevalence, Location, and Concomitant Ligament and Tendon Injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and common location of a coexisting osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula and of associated abnormalities of the ankle ligaments and tendons on MRI in patients with an osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A search of a database of MRI studies performed between July 2003 and January 2014 yielded MRI examinations of 297 feet with OLTs. Two readers reviewed the MRI examinations independently for the presence of an osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula and for concomitant ligament and tendon injuries. If an osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula was present, the reviewers also recorded the location (zones 1-10) and stage. Interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities were assessed using kappa statistics. The associations between a coexisting osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula and an OLT or a concomitant ankle injury were evaluated using the chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Readers A and B identified 61 (20.5%) and 47 (15.8%) coexisting osteochondral lesions of the distal tibia and fibula, respectively, with good interobserver (κ = 0.73) and excellent intraobserver (κ = 0.97) reliabilities. The most common location of a coexisting osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula was zone 4 (29.5%) by reader A and zone 2 (21.3%) by reader B. Stage I and stage IIA were common (> 85%). The frequency of osteochondral lesions of the distal tibia and fibula was not significantly different according to the location or stage of OLT. Abnormalities in the tibialis posterior tendon and in the anterior and posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and deltoid ligaments were significantly more common in patients with a coexisting osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula than in those with an isolated OLT (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A coexisting osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula is not rare on MRI in patients with an OLT and is related to a higher frequency of concomitant ankle ligament and tendon injuries.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.|2 Present address: Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ja Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.|3 Present address: Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Dongjak-gu, 102 Heukseok-ro, Seoul, 06973 Korea.
authors.forename: Guen Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Heung Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008022:Ligaments / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010007:Osteochondritis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055034:Osteochondrosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013628:Talus / Q000473:pathology*; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis; D013977:Tibia / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: MRI; distal tibia; osteochondral lesion; osteochondral lesion of the talus; prevalence