title: Update of the human parvovirus B19 biology.
abstract: Since its discovery, the human parvovirus B19 (B19V) has been associated with many clinical situations in addition to the prototype clinical manifestations, i.e. erythema infectiosum and erythroblastopenia crisis. The clinical significance of the viral B19V DNA persistence in sera after acute infection remains largely unknown. Such data may constitute a new clinical entity and is discussed in this manuscript. In 2002, despite the genetic diversity among B19V viruses has been reported to be very low, the description of markedly distinct sequences showed a new organization into three genotypes. The most recent common ancestor for B19V genotypes was estimated at early 1800s. B19V replication is enhanced by hypoxia and this might to explain the high viral load detected by quantitative PCR in the sera of infected patients. The minimum infectious dose necessary to transmit B19V infection by the transfusion of labile blood products remains unclear. At the opposite, the US Food and Drug Administration proposed a limit of 10(4)IU/mL of viral DNA in plasma pools used for the production of plasma derivatives. Recently, a new human parvovirus (PARV4) has been discovered. The consequences on blood transfusion of this blood-borne agent and its pathogenicity are still unknown.
authors.affiliation: Institut national de la transfusion sanguine (INTS), département d'études des agents transmissibles par le sang, Centre national de référence des hépatites virales B et C et du VIH en transfusion, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Servant-Delmas
authors.affiliation: Pôle biologie-pathologie-physiologie, CHU Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France. Electronic address: frederic.morinet@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morinet
mesh_terms: D058731:Blood Safety; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014766:Viremia / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Blood transfusion; Diversité génétique; Genetic diversity; Infection persistante; Parvovirus B19; Persistent infection; Replication; Réplication; Transfusion sanguine