title: NanoESI-MS-based lipidomics to discriminate between cultivars, cultivation ages, and parts of Panax ginseng.
abstract: Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is one of the most popular medicinal herbs used in Asia, including Korea and China. In the present study lipid profiling of two officially registered cultivars (P. ginseng 'Chunpoong' and P. ginseng 'Yunpoong') was performed at different cultivation ages (5 and 6 years) and on different parts (tap roots, lateral roots, and rhizomes) using nano-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (nanoESI-MS). In total, 30 compounds including galactolipids, phospholipids, triacylglycerols, and ginsenosides were identified. Among them, triacylglycerol 54:6 (18:2/18:2/18:2), phosphatidylglycerol 34:3 (16:0/18:3), monogalactosyldiacylglycerol 36:4 (18:2/18:2), phosphatidic acid species 36:4 (18:2/18:2), and 34:1 (16:0/18:1) were selected as biomarkers to discriminate cultivars, cultivation ages, and parts. In addition, an unknown P. ginseng sample was successfully predicted by applying validated partial least squares projection to latent structures regression models. This is the first study regarding the identification of intact lipid species from P. ginseng and to predict cultivars, cultivation ages, and parts of P. ginseng using nanoESI-MS-based lipidomic profiling with a multivariate statistical analysis.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, 369-873, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea. hykychoi@cau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyung-Kyoon
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000032:analysis*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Lipids; NanoESI-MS; PLSR; Panax ginseng