title: Burning mouth syndrome: Clinical description, pathophysiological approach, and a new therapeutic option.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Burning mouth syndrome is defined as scorching sensation in the mouth in the absence of any local lesions or systemic disease that would explain that complaint. The condition responds poorly to commonly used treatments and it may become very disabling.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively analysed the clinical and demographic characteristics and response to treatment in 6 cases of burning mouth syndrome, diagnosed at 2 tertiary hospital headache units.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six female patients between the ages of 34 and 82 years reported symptoms compatible with burning mouth syndrome. In 5 of them, burning worsened at the end of the day; 4 reported symptom relief with tongue movements. Neurological examinations and laboratory findings were normal in all patients and their dental examinations revealed no buccal lesions. Each patient had previously received conventional treatments without amelioration. Pramipexol was initiated in doses between 0.36mg and 1.05mg per day, resulting in clear improvement of symptoms in all cases, a situation which continues after a 4-year follow up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Burning mouth syndrome is a condition of unknown aetiology that shares certain clinical patterns and treatment responses with restless leg syndrome. Dopamine agonists should be regarded as first line treatment for this entity.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España. Electronic address: albacarcamof@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cárcamo Fonfría
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gómez-Vicente
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Pedraza
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cuadrado-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guerrero Peral
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Porta-Etessam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002054:Burning Mouth Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077487:Pramipexole
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D000077487:Pramipexole
keywords: Agonistas dopaminérgicos; Boca ardiente; Burning mouth; Disabling; Discapacitante; Dopamine agonists; Glosopirosis; Glossopyrosis; Tratamiento; Treatment