title: Predicting the structure and vibrational frequencies of ethylene using harmonic and anharmonic approaches at the Kohn-Sham complete basis set limit.
abstract: In this work, regular convergence patterns of the structural, harmonic, and VPT2-calculated anharmonic vibrational parameters of ethylene towards the Kohn-Sham complete basis set (KS CBS) limit are demonstrated for the first time. The performance of the VPT2 scheme implemented using density functional theory (DFT-BLYP and DFT-B3LYP) in combination with two Pople basis sets (6-311++G** and 6-311++G(3df,2pd)), the polarization-consistent basis sets pc-n, aug-pc-n, and pcseg-n (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4), and the correlation-consistent basis sets cc-pVXZ and aug-cc-pVXZ (X = D, T, Q, 5, 6) was tested.The BLYP-calculated harmonic frequencies were found to be markedly closer than the B3LYP-calculated harmonic frequencies to the experimentally derived values, while the calculated anharmonic frequencies consistently underestimated the observed wavenumbers. The different basis set families gave very similar estimated values for the CBS parameters. The anharmonic frequencies calculated with B3LYP/aug-pc-3 were consistently significantly higher than those obtained with the pc-3 basis set; applying the aug-pcseg-n basis set family alleviated this problem. Utilization of B3LYP/aug-pcseg-n basis sets instead of B3LYP/aug-cc-pVXZ, which is computationally less expensive, is suggested for medium-sized molecules. Harmonic BLYP/pc-2 calculations produced fairly accurate ethylene frequencies. Graphical Abstract In this study, the performance of the VPT2 scheme implemented using density functional theory (DFT-BLYP and DFT-B3LYP) in combination with the polarization-consistent basis sets pc-n, aug-pc-n, and pcseg-n (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4), and the correlation-consistent basis sets cc-pVXZ and aug-cc-pVXZ (X = D, T, Q, 5, and 6) was tested. For the first time, we demonstrated regular convergence patterns of the structural, harmonic, and VPT2-calculated anharmonic vibrational parameters of ethylene towards the Kohn-Sham complete basis set (KS CBS) limit.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48, Oleska Street, 45-052, Opole, Poland. abuczek@uni.opole.pl.
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buczek
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48, Oleska Street, 45-052, Opole, Poland. teobaldk@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Teobald
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kupka
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48, Oleska Street, 45-052, Opole, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Broda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48, Oleska Street, 45-052, Opole, Poland.|Department of Biosystematics, University of Opole, Oleska 22, 45-052, Opole, Poland.|Institute of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 65, Umultowska Street, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Żyła
keywords: Anharmonic vibration; CBS; Correlation-consistent basis sets; DFT; Ethylene; Polarization-consistent basis sets; VPT2