title: Beta-amyloid and cognitive decline in late middle age: Findings from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention study.
abstract: The present study investigated the relationship between beta-amyloid (Aβ) and cognition in a late middle-aged cohort at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  
  One eighty-four participants (mean age = 60; 72% parental history of AD) completed a [C-11]Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography scan and serial cognitive evaluations. A global measure of Aβ burden was calculated, and composite scores assessing learning, delayed memory, and executive functioning were computed.
  
  
  
  Higher Aβ was associated with classification of psychometric mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at follow-up (P < .01). Linear mixed effects regression results indicated higher Aβ was associated with greater rates of decline in delayed memory (P < .01) and executive functioning (P < .05). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status moderated the relationship between Aβ and cognitive trajectories (P values <.01).
  
  
  
  In individuals at risk for AD, greater Aβ in late middle age is associated with increased likelihood of MCI at follow-up and steeper rates of cognitive decline.
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: lrclark@medicine.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Lindsay R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience and Public Policy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Annie M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Racine
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Koscik
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Ozioma C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Okonkwo
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Corinne D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Engelman
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asthana
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Bendlin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chappell
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Nicholas
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Rowley
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sager
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Christian
authors.affiliation: Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Sterling C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D012042:Registries; D014922:Wisconsin
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides
keywords: APOE; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid imaging; Cognition; Mild cognitive impairment; Preclinical Alzheimer's disease