title: Overexpression of KIF23 predicts clinical outcome in primary lung cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-level expression of kinesin family member 23 (KIF23), a member of microtubule-dependent molecular motors that transport organelles within cells and move chromosomes during cell division, has been observed in a variety of human malignancies. The aims of the present study were to observe the expression of KIF23 in lung cancer, examine the role of KIF23 in lung cancer cell growth and/or survival by small interfering RNA experiments, and explore its clinicopathologic significance and evaluate KIF23 expression as a prognostic marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to detect the expression of KIF23 mRNA using metastatic lymph nodes from patients with advanced lung cancer obtained by endobronchial ultrasonography-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and primary lung tumors through surgical sample. The role of KIF23 in cancer cell growth was examined by small interfering RNA experiments. A total of 339 lung cancers were analyzed immunohistochemically on tissue microarrays to examine the expression of KIF23 protein and its clinicopathologic significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KIF23 transcript was found to be overexpressed in the great majority of metastatic lymph nodes from advanced lung cancers and primary lung tumors. Inhibiting KIF23 expression effectively suppressed lung cancer cell growth. High-level KIF23 expression was observed in 67.8% of the 339 cases. Lung adenocarcinoma patients with tumors displaying a high-level of KIF23 expression was also identified as an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis (P=0.0064).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KIF23 not only provides additional prognostic information for surgical treatment of lung cancer, but may also be a novel therapeutic target for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Chiba Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Hsin-Pei
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Daiyoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ujiie
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.affiliation: Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Chiba Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, NTT East Japan Sapporo Hospital, Sapporo 060-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapporo Minami-sanjo Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Kichizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ming-Sound
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: kazuhiro.yasufuku@uhn.ca.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasufuku
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C092935:KIF23 protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins
keywords: Immunohistochemistry; KIF23 (MKLP1); Kinesin motor; Lung cancer; Prognostic factor