title: Risk Factors for Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants Born at 34 Weeks of Gestation or Less Following Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to identify possible perinatal risk factors related to intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants born at 34 weeks of gestation or less following preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 292 preterm infants born at 34 weeks of gestation or less following pPROM were enrolled in the study, while 155 newborns with incomplete data, especially those that lack histological examination of the placenta, maternal details, and neonatal characteristics, have been further excluded. Finally, data of 137 preterm infants were included in the analysis. All infants underwent ultrasonographic screening for IVH. Thirty-three infants with IVH were considered as cases and 104 infants without IVH were considered as controls. The association between risk factors and IVH was evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of IVH in preterm infants born at 34 weeks of gestation or less following pPROM was 24.1%, while the incidence of maternal chorioamnionitis was 43.8%. By univariate analysis, gestational age, birth weight, asphyxia resuscitation, maternal chorioamnionitis, fetal distress, amniotic fluid index, and latency of the rupture of membranes to birth were found to be significantly different between the 2 groups. By logistic regression analysis, lower gestational age, low birth weight, asphyxia resuscitation, and maternal chorioamnionitis were found to be independent risk factors for IVH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower gestational age, low birth weight, asphyxia resuscitation, and maternal chorioamnionitis are independent risk factors for IVH in preterm infants born at 34 weeks of gestation or less following pPROM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address: lhy5154@163.com.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Qiuxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Junyin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Pravesh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D001237:Asphyxia / Q000503:physiopathology; D001724:Birth Weight; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
keywords: Intraventricular hemorrhage; preterm infants; preterm premature rupture of membranes; risk factors