title: Psychosocial Adaptation to Chronic Illness and Disability: A Virtue Based Model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability (CID) is an area of study where a positive psychology perspective, especially the study of virtues and character strengths, can be implemented within the rehabilitation framework. A carefully developed theory to guide future interdisciplinary research is now timely.
  
  
  METHODS
  A traditional literature review between philosophy and rehabilitation psychology was conducted in order to develop a virtue-based psychosocial adaptation theory, merging important perspectives from the fields of rehabilitation and positive psychology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The virtue-based psychosocial adaptation model (V-PAM) to CID is proposed in the present study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The model involves five qualities or constructs: courage, practical wisdom, commitment to action, integrity and emotional transcendence. Each of these components of virtue contributes to an understanding of psychosocial adaptation. The present study addresses the implications and applications of V-PAM that will advance this understanding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Counseling, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. jhkim3@vcu.edu.
authors.forename: Jeong Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Counseling, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Counseling, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Counseling Program, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brickham
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Services and Counseling, The University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Counseling Psychology Program, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. dhlawrence05@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D002605:Character; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D056348:Emotional Intelligence; D040821:Human Characteristics; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010551:Personality; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D028722:Virtues
keywords: Disability and rehabilitation; Positive psychology; Psychosocial adaptation; Resilience; Virtue and character strengths