title: The benefits of respective and combined use of green tea polyphenols and ERK inhibitor on the survival and neurologic outcomes in cardiac arrest rats induced by ventricular fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebral injury is a main factor contributing to a high mortality after cardiac arrest (CA)/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the effect of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (PD) on the survival and neurologic outcomes after CA/CPR in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, rats were subjected to CA after CPR. The rats that restored spontaneous circulation were blindly allocated to the saline group (saline, IV, n = 12), the GTP group (GTPs, 10 mg/kg, IV, n = 12), the PD group (PD, 0.3 mg/kg, IV, n = 12), and the GTPs + PD group (GTPs, 10 mg/kg; PD, 0.3 mg/kg, IV, n = 12). Another 12 rats without experiencing CA and CPR were served as a sham group. Survival and the neurologic deficit score were observed for 72 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation. Second, same experimental procedures were performed, and in 1 of 5 groups, animals were divided into 4 subgroups further according to the different time points (12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation [ROSC], n = 6/group). Brain tissues were harvested at relative time points for the morphologic evaluation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonylaldehyde, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Green tea polyphenols, PD, and a combination of GTPs and PD used after ROSC alleviated the morphologic changes of the cerebrum. These 3 treatments also decreased the productions of ROS and malonylaldehyde, increased SOD activities in cerebral tissues, and improved the neurologic deficit and survival rates at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after ROSC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of GTPs and PD after ROSC can alleviate cerebral injury, improve the survival and neurologic outcomes via reduction of ROS, and increase of SOD activity in a rat CA/CPR model.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Fangying Ruan
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Nuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. Electronic address: cmhnn@sina.com.
authors.forename: Menghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D059808:Polyphenols; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013662:Tea; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one