title: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Psychiatric Nursing in Japan.
abstract: Psychiatric nurses have played a significant role in disseminating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in Western countries; however, in Japan, the application, practice, efficiency, and quality control of CBT in the psychiatric nursing field are unclear. This study conducted a literature review to assess the current status of CBT practice and research in psychiatric nursing in Japan. Three English databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) and two Japanese databases (Ichushi-Web and CiNii) were searched with predetermined keywords. Fifty-five articles met eligibility criteria: 46 case studies and 9 comparative studies. It was found that CBT took place primarily in inpatient settings and targeted schizophrenia and mood disorders. Although there were only a few comparative studies, each concluded that CBT was effective. However, CBT recipients and outcome measures were diverse, and nurses were not the only CBT practitioners in most reports. Only a few articles included the description of CBT training and supervision. This literature review clarified the current status of CBT in psychiatric nursing in Japan and identified important implications for future practice and research: performing CBT in a variety of settings and for a wide range of psychiatric disorders, conducting randomized controlled trials, and establishing pre- and postqualification training system.
authors.affiliation: Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture 889-1692, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture 260-8672, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nosaki
authors.affiliation: Inpatient Psychiatric Unit, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture 889-1692, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-2 Murechohara, Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture 761-0123, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunikata
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture 305-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture 889-1692, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiraishi