title: Year in review: transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been effective in prohibitive/high-risk patients. Expansion toward intermediate or even low-risk patients has been proposed. A review of recent developments will help understand current trends and issues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year results from the PARTNER I trial and 2-year results of the CoreValve US Pivotal Trial, together with national registries, confirmed the long-term efficacy and durability of TAVR. Studies including PARTNER II, ADVANCE, and The German Aortic Valve Registry showed short-to mid-term success in intermediate-risk patients. Comparison of balloon-expandable and self-expanding valves in the CHOICE trial associated specific outcome differences with specific valve types, suggesting a more customized approach in valve selection. Short-term results of newer-generation valves have demonstrated excellent safety and efficacy with improved designs. Studies on TAVR-specific complications, such as conduction block and arrhythmia, paravalvular aortic regurgitation, and stroke, have renewed ideas about their prognosis, treatment, and prevention. Conscious sedation percutaneous TAVR has become more popular, with excellent outcomes and improved cost savings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAVR has been accepted as an effective treatment even for intermediate-risk patients. This article aims to review the most recent results and essential issues.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan bDepartment of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA cDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Meng-Ta
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Gilbert H L
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Gideon N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018570:Risk Assessment; D065467:Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods