title: Assessment of tenderness of aged bovine gluteus medius muscles using Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: A portable 671 nm Raman system was evaluated as a rapid and non-destructive device for the assessment of beef tenderness using 175 gluteus medius muscles (99 for calibration, 76 for validation) aged at -1 °C and 7 °C for fourteen days. Raman and shear force (SF) measurements were performed with the aged beef. The samples stored at -1 °C showed on average only slightly increased SF values. The correlation of Raman spectra with SF using partial least squares regression yielded cross-validated predictions of SF for both storage temperatures with coefficients of determination R(2)cv=0.33-0.79. Validation with independent samples resulted in predictions with R(2)val=0.33. Using thresholds between 30 and 49N, tough and tender samples could be discriminated with partial least squares discriminant analysis with 70-88% and 59-80% accuracy during cross-validation and validation, respectively. These results demonstrate the principle feasibility to predict the SF and thus toughness of raw, aged gluteus beef cuts with a portable Raman device showing potential for grading beef cuts.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre of Food Quality, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Research Centre of Food Quality, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany.
authors.forename: Rico
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scheier
authors.affiliation: State College for Food Technology, Kulmbach, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eberle
authors.affiliation: Research Centre of Food Quality, University of Bayreuth, Kulmbach, Germany. Electronic address: Heinar.schmidt@uni-bayreuth.de.
authors.forename: Heinar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005511:Food Handling; D063427:Food Quality; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
keywords: Handheld Raman device; Meat quality; Non-invasive; Shear force