title: Novel synthesis and applications of Thiomer solidification for heavy metals immobilization in hazardous ASR/ISW thermal residue.
abstract: The present paper reports the novel synthesis and application of Thiomer solidification for heavy metal immobilization in hazardous automobile shredder residues and industrial solid waste (ASR/ISW) thermal residues. The word Thiomer is a combination of the prefix of a sulfur-containing compound "Thio" and the suffix of "Polymer" meaning a large molecule compound of many repeated subunits. To immobilize heavy metals, either ASR/ISW thermal residues (including bottom and fly ash) was mixed well with Thiomer and heated at 140°C. After Thiomer solidification, approximately 91-100% heavy metal immobilization was achieved. The morphology and mineral phases of the Thiomer-solidified ASR/ISW thermal residue were characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), which indicated that the amounts of heavy metals detectable on the ASR/ISW thermal residue surface decreased and the sulfur mass percent increased. XRD indicated that the main fraction of the enclosed/bound materials on the ASR/ISW residue contained sulfur associated crystalline complexes. The Thiomer solidified process could convert the heavy metal compounds into highly insoluble metal sulfides and simultaneously encapsulate the ASR/ISW thermal residue. These results show that the proposed method can be applied to the immobilization of ASR/ISW hazardous ash involving heavy metals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: srireddys@ulsan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Srinivasa Reddy
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mallampati
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: parkhs@ulsan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hung Suck
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D006256:Hazardous Waste; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D059027:Recycling; D062611:Solid Waste; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006256:Hazardous Waste; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D062611:Solid Waste
keywords: ASR/ISW thermal residue; Hazardous waste; Heavy metals; Immobilization; Solidification; Thiomer