title: Preliminary treatment results of proton beam therapy with chemoradiotherapy for stage I-III esophageal cancer.
abstract: The effect of proton beam therapy (PBT) on various cancers is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PBT with alternating chemoradiotherapy (ACRT) for patients with stage I-III esophageal cancer. Two cycles of systemic chemotherapy with a continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on days 1-5 and a 5h infusion of nedaplatin (NDP) on day 6 were accompanied by thoracic irradiation using X-ray therapy and PBT. During the first half of the treatment, X-rays were delivered to the prophylactic area. During the second half of the treatment, proton beams were used to irradiate the involved field. To reduce the dose of cardiac irradiation, proton beams were delivered with posterior and posterior oblique angles. Between January 2009 and December 2012, 47 patients were enrolled in this study. The median follow-up duration was 29 months for all patients and 40 months for survivors. The 3 year overall survival rate, progression-free survival rate, and local control rate were 59.2%, 56.3%, and 69.8%, respectively. With respect to grade 3-4 late toxicities, there were no pleural or pericardial effusions, but two patients (4.3%) had esophageal stenosis, one patient (2.1%) had fistula, and two patients (4.3%) developed radiation pneumonitis. PBT with ACRT might have the potential to reduce the risk of cardiac damage and might become one of the primary methods of esophageal cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.|Department of Dentistry/oral surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Chikusaku, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiyoko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Motohisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Azami
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsukiyama
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hareyama
authors.affiliation: Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daimon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyomasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ii
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.affiliation: Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Shingu, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fuwa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061766:Proton Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Alternating chemoradiotherapy; cardiopulmonary complication; esophageal cancer; late toxicity; proton beam therapy