title: Endobronchial metastases from melanoma: a survival analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metastatic spread to the tracheobronchial tree from other than bronchopulmonary tumors is a common clinical problem. However, malignant melanoma, a highly metastatic potential tumor, is rarely metastasing in the airways. Therefore little is known about survival of patients with endobronchial metastasis from melanoma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to assess survival of patients with endobronchial metastasis of melanomas according to clinical and radiological features, to determine any possible factor affecting survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 19 patients who underwent a bronchoscopy from 11 different hospitals. Data about patients' demographics, symptoms, radiographic, endoscopic findings and treatment were investigated to evaluate any possible impact on survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endobronchial metastases occurred at a median of 48 months (range 0-120) following the diagnosis of the primary tumor. About 73.7% of patients had other proven metastases when the endobronchial involvement was diagnosed. Symptoms are not specific as well as radiological features. Median overall survival of the studied population was 6 months (range 1-46). Factors of poor survival were multiple metastatic sites (P = 0.019), pleural (P = 0.0014) and soft tissue metastasis (P = 0.024). Different treatment modalities applied in our patients showed no effect on survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with endobronchial metastasis have overall poor survival, affected by multiple organ involvement, the presence of pleural and soft tissue disease, while no impact on survival has been shown by any treatment applied.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Nord, CHU, Saint-Etienne, France.
authors.forename: Amandine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaussende
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Larrey, CHU, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hermant
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Rachid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tazi-Mezalek
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital du Bocage, CHU, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Favrolt
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hureaux
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Calmette, CHU, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, CHU, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lorut
authors.affiliation: Group Hospitalier Sud La Réunion, Saint Pierre, La Reunion, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paganin
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Foch, CHU, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Minh-Triet
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Notre-Dame, CHU, Montréal, Greece.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vandemoortele
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, CHU Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Grèce, and the GELF (Group d'Endoscopie de Langue Française).
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anevlavis
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Nord, CHU, Saint-Etienne, France.
authors.forename: Marios E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Froudarakis
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Nord, CHU, Saint-Etienne, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vergnon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001984:Bronchial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017567:Karnofsky Performance Status; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
keywords: endobronchial - lung - melanoma - metastasis - survival