title: Correlative Gene Expression to Protective Seroconversion in Rift Valley Fever Vaccinates.
abstract: Rift Valley fever Virus (RVFV), a negative-stranded RNA virus, is the etiological agent of the vector-borne zoonotic disease, Rift Valley fever (RVF). In both humans and livestock, protective immunity can be achieved through vaccination. Earlier and more recent vaccine trials in cattle and sheep demonstrated a strong neutralizing antibody and total IgG response induced by the RVF vaccine, authentic recombinant MP-12 (arMP-12). From previous work, protective immunity in sheep and cattle vaccinates normally occurs from 7 to 21 days after inoculation with arMP-12. While the serology and protective response induced by arMP-12 has been studied, little attention has been paid to the underlying molecular and genetic events occurring prior to the serologic immune response. To address this, we isolated RNA from whole blood of vaccinated calves over a time course of 21 days before and after vaccination with arMP-12. The time course RNAs were sequenced by RNASeq and bioinformatically analyzed. Our results revealed time-dependent activation or repression of numerous gene ontologies and pathways related to the vaccine induced immune response and its regulation. Additional bioinformatic analyses identified a correlative relationship between specific host immune response genes and protective immunity prior to the detection of protective serum neutralizing antibody responses. These results contribute an important proof of concept for identifying molecular and genetic components underlying the immune response to RVF vaccination and protection prior to serologic detection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America.
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Laughlin
authors.affiliation: Seralogix LLC, 335 Bee Cave Rd, Suite 607, Austin, TX 78746, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States of America.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morrill
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States of America.
authors.forename: L Garry
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D012295:Rift Valley Fever / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012296:Rift Valley fever virus / Q000276:immunology*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods*; D000069078:Seroconversion; D013997:Time Factors; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines