title: Toxic effects of trace elements on newborns and their birth outcomes.
abstract: Some trace elements are essential for newborns, their deficiency may cause abnormal biological functions, whereas excessive intakes due to environmental contamination may create adverse health effects. This study was conducted to measure the levels of selected trace elements in Chinese fish consumers by assessing their essentiality and toxicity via colostrum intake in newborns, and evaluated the effects of these trace elements on birth outcomes. Trace elements in umbilical cord serum and colostrum of the studied population were relatively high compared with other populations. The geometric means (GM) of estimated daily intake (EDI, mgday(-1)) of the trace elements were in the safe ranges for infant Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) recommended by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). When using total dietary intake (TDI, mgkg(-1)bwday(-1)), zinc (Zn) (0.880mgkg(-1)bwday(-1)) and selenium (Se) (6.39×10(-3)mgkg(-1)bwday(-1)) were above the Reference Doses (RfD), set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Multivariable linear regression analyses showed that Se was negatively correlated with birth outcomes. Our findings suggested that overloading of trace elements due to environmental contamination may contribute to negative birth outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mengling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chenye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Zhoushan Municipal for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, 386 Wenshan Road, Zhoushan, China.
authors.forename: Yongli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhoushan Municipal for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, 386 Wenshan Road, Zhoushan, China.
authors.forename: Xinwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: wliu@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003126:Colostrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D014131:Trace Elements; D003300:Copper; D008628:Mercury; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Birth outcomes; Fish consumers; Toxicity; Trace elements