title: Maraviroc contributes to the restoration of the homeostasis of regulatory T-cell subsets in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected subjects.
abstract: Regulatory T (Treg) cells comprise different functional subsets with different CCR5 expression. Treg homeostasis is disrupted by HIV but the effect of treatment has barely been explored. In a longitudinal design, we compared the effect of a maraviroc-containing (n = 9) or sparing (n = 12) therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-positive participants on peripheral FoxP3(low) CD45RA(+) (nTreg), FoxP3(high) CD45RA(-) (eTreg) and FoxP3(low) CD45RA(-) (non-Treg) cells. Maraviroc significantly reduced all subsets in the short-term and, except for nTreg cells, also normalized them in the long-term. The correlation between eTreg cells and CD4 counts, lost before treatment, was only restored by maraviroc. The differential effect of maraviroc on Treg subsets contributes to understanding its immunomodulatory effects.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pozo-Balado
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosado-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis (UC Davis), Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Méndez-Lagares
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Méndez
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Mateos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Benhnia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Immuno-Biology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid 28007, Spain.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain. Electronic address: ypacheco-ibis@us.es.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Pacheco
mesh_terms: D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D000077592:Maraviroc; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; D003510:Cyclohexanes; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D014230:Triazoles; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D000077592:Maraviroc
keywords: CCR5; HIV; Regulatory T-cells; effector-Treg; homeostasis; maraviroc; naive-Treg; non-Treg