title: Mature Testicular Teratoma with Positive Estrogen Receptor Beta Expression in a Transgendered Individual on Cross-Sex Hormonal Therapy: A Case Report.
abstract: Estrogen exposure has been linked to a risk of testicular germ cell cancers, although predominantly in animal studies. In the human testis, estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) mediates the physiological action of estrogen. We describe a case of a 30-year-old transgender woman (male-to-female [MtF]) with gender dysphoria who developed a mature testicular teratoma with positive estrogen receptor beta expression while receiving cross-sex hormonal therapy with estradiol and progesterone. Although the presence of hormone receptors does not always imply that hormones have played a role in the development of the tumor, a contribution of exposure to exogenous estrogen in this case cannot be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Yoshitomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobori
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwahata
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Kojiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Gaku
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital , Koshigaya, Saitama, Japan .
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004958:Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000276:immunology*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000209:etiology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013724:Teratoma / Q000601:surgery*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D063106:Transgender Persons
chemical_list: D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol
keywords: estrogen; mature; receptors; teratoma; transgender