title: Sequential segmental classification of feline congenital heart disease.
abstract: Feline congenital heart disease is less commonly encountered in veterinary medicine than acquired feline heart diseases such as cardiomyopathy. Understanding the wide spectrum of congenital cardiovascular disease demands a familiarity with a variety of lesions, occurring both in isolation and in combination, along with an appreciation of complex nomenclature and variable classification schemes. This review begins with an overview of congenital heart disease in the cat, including proposed etiologies and prevalence, examination approaches, and principles of therapy. Specific congenital defects are presented and organized by a sequential segmental classification with respect to their morphologic lesions. Highlights of diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis are offered. It is hoped that this review will provide a framework for approaching congenital heart disease in the cat, and more broadly in other animal species based on the sequential segmental approach, which represents an adaptation of the common methodology used in children and adults with congenital heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 601 Vernon L Tharp St., Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Electronic address: brianscansen@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Scansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, Small Animal Clinic, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 601 Vernon L Tharp St., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bonagura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002415:Cats; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Cardiac; Cardiovascular; Cat; Sequential segmental analysis