title: Albumin (BSA) Adsorption over Graphene in Aqueous Environment: Influence of Orientation, Adsorption Protocol, and Solvent Treatment.
abstract: We report 150 ns explicit solvent MD simulations of the adsorption on graphene of albumin (BSA) in two orientations and using two different adsorption protocols, i.e., free and forced adsorption. Our results show that free adsorption occurs with little structural rearrangements. Even taking adsorption to an extreme, by forcing it with a 5 nN downward force applied during the initial 20 ns, we show that along a particular orientation BSA is able to preserve the structural properties of the majority of its binding sites. Furthermore, in all the cases considered in this work, the ibuprofen binding site has shown a strong resilience to structural changes. Finally, we compare these results with implicit solvent simulations and find that the latter predicts an extreme protein unfolding upon adsorption. The origin of this discrepancy is attributed to a poor description of the water entropic forces at interfaces in the implicit solvent methods.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Vilhena
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.|Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada 3918, Postal Code 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rubio-Pereda
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Perceval
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vellosillo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, c/Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Serena
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002417:Cattle; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D006108:Graphite