title: Chromatin Regulators in Pancreas Development and Diabetes.
abstract: The chromatin landscape of a cell is dynamic and can be altered by chromatin regulators that control nucleosome placement and DNA or histone modifications. Together with transcription factors, these complexes help dictate the transcriptional output of a cell and, thus, balance cell proliferation and differentiation while restricting tissue-specific gene expression. In this review, we describe current research on chromatin regulators and their roles in pancreas development and the maintenance of mature β cell function, which, once elucidated, will help us better understand how β cell differentiation occurs and is maintained. These studies have so far implicated proteins from several complexes that regulate DNA methylation, nucleosome remodeling, and histone acetylation and methylation that could become promising targets for diabetes therapy and stem cell differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital and Sunny Hill Health Centre, 950 W28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital and Sunny Hill Health Centre, 950 W28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E3, Canada. Electronic address: brad.hoffman@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Brad G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes
keywords: chromatin regulators; diabetes; epigenetics; pancreas development; β cell function