title: The Effect of Leonurus sibiricus Plant Extracts on Stimulating Repair and Protective Activity against Oxidative DNA Damage in CHO Cells and Content of Phenolic Compounds.
abstract: Leonurus sibiricus L. has been used as a traditional and medicinal herb for many years in Asia and Europe. This species is known to have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity and has demonstrated a reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species. All tested extracts of L. sibiricus showed protective and DNA repair stimulating effects in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to H2O2. Preincubation of the CHO cells with 0.5 mg/mL of plant extracts showed increased expression level of antioxidant genes (SOD2, CAT, and GPx). LC-MS/MS and HPLC analyses revealed the presence of nine phenolic compounds in L. sibiricus plant extracts: catechin, verbascoside, two flavonoids (quercetin and rutin), and five phenolic acids (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid). The roots and aerial parts of in vitro L. sibiricus plant extracts, which had the strongest antioxidant properties, may be responsible for stimulating CHO cells to repair oxidatively induced DNA damage, as well as protecting DNA via enhanced activation of the antioxidant genes (SOD2, CAT, and GPx) regulating intracellular antioxidant capacity. The content of phenolic compounds in in vitro raised plants was greater than the levels found in plants propagated from seeds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sitarek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skała
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Łódź, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wysokińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wielanek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Łódź, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szemraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Śliwiński
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D016466:CHO Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects*; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D031332:Leonurus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents