title: Driving Cessation and Health Outcomes in Older Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine what effect driving cessation may have on subsequent health and well-being in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review of the evidence in the research literature on the consequences of driving cessation in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Drivers aged 55 and older.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies pertinent to the health consequences of driving cessation were identified through a comprehensive search of bibliographic databases. Studies that presented quantitative data for drivers aged 55 and older; used a cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control design; and had a comparison group of current drivers were included in the review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Driving cessation was reported to be associated with declines in general health and physical, social, and cognitive function and with greater risks of admission to long-term care facilities and mortality. A meta-analysis based on pooled data from five studies examining the association between driving cessation and depression revealed that driving cessation almost doubled the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults (summary odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.61-2.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Driving cessation in older adults appears to contribute to a variety of health problems, particularly depression. These adverse health consequences should be considered in making the decision to cease driving. Intervention programs ensuring mobility and social functions may be needed to mitigate the potential adverse effects of driving cessation on health and well-being in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Epidemiology and Prevention, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York.|Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, New York.
authors.forename: Stanford
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chihuri
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Epidemiology and Prevention, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York.|Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York.
authors.forename: Thelma J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mielenz
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York.
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: DiMaggio
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Marian E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DiGuiseppi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Vanya C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Center for Injury Epidemiology and Prevention, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, New York.|Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, New York.|Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology; D003071:Cognition; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: driving cessation; health outcomes; motor vehicle; older adults