title: Autophagy-associated immune responses and cancer immunotherapy.
abstract: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process by which cellular components are sequestered into a double-membrane vesicle and delivered to the lysosome for terminal degradation and recycling. Accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy plays a critical role in cell survival, senescence and homeostasis, and its dysregulation is associated with a variety of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration. Recent studies show that autophagy is also an important regulator of cell immune response. However, the mechanism by which autophagy regulates tumor immune responses remains elusive. In this review, we will describe the role of autophagy in immune regulation and summarize the possible molecular mechanisms that are currently well documented in the ability of autophagy to control cell immune response. In addition, the scientific and clinical hurdles regarding the potential role of autophagy in cancer immunotherapy will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hongming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Liuxi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Weiqiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shuiping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.|Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinbing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: autophagy; cancer immunotherapy; immune