title: Inhalation of growth factors and apo-transferrin to protect and repair the hypoxic-ischemic brain.
abstract: Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a major contributor to chronic neurological dysfunction and acute mortality in infants as well as in adults. In this review, we summarize recent publications demonstrating that the intranasal administration (INA) of apo-transferrin (aTf) and different growth factors provides neuroprotection to the mouse and rat brain after a hypoxic-ischemic event. The intranasal delivery of growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been found to improve neurological function and reduce infarct size in adult rats after a hypoxic-ischemic event. On the other hand, INA of aTf and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were effective in reducing white matter damage and inflammation and in promoting the proliferation and survival of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in a model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Therefore, data summarized in this review suggest that INA of growth factors and aTf can be used in combination in clinical treatment in order to protect and repair the hypoxic-ischemic brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry and IQUIFIB-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guardia Clausi
authors.affiliation: Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, SUNY, University at Buffalo. NYS Center of Excellence, 701 Ellicott St., Buffalo, NY 14203, United States.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Paez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry and IQUIFIB-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pasquini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry and IQUIFIB-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: jpasquin@qb.ffyb.uba.ar.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pasquini
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061250:Transferrins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D061250:Transferrins
keywords: Apo-transferrin; Demyelination; Growth factors; Hypoxia-ischemia; Inhalation; Oligodendrocytes; Remyelination