title: Endocytotic potential governs magnetic particle loading in dividing neural cells: studying modes of particle inheritance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To achieve high and sustained magnetic particle loading in a proliferative and endocytotically active neural transplant population (astrocytes) through tailored magnetite content in polymeric iron oxide particles.
  
  
  METHODS
  MPs of varying magnetite content were applied to primary-derived rat cortical astrocytes ± static/oscillating magnetic fields to assess labeling efficiency and safety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher magnetite content particles display high but safe accumulation in astrocytes, with longer-term label retention versus lower/no magnetite content particles. Magnetic fields enhanced loading extent. Dynamic live cell imaging of dividing labeled astrocytes demonstrated that particle distribution into daughter cells is predominantly 'asymmetric'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings could inform protocols to achieve efficient MP loading into neural transplant cells, with significant implications for post-transplantation tracking/localization.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: Jacqueline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tickle
authors.affiliation: Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: Stuart I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery & Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Polyak
authors.affiliation: Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pickard
authors.affiliation: Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, David Weatherall Building, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
authors.forename: Divya M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Chari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004705:Endocytosis; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles
keywords: astrocytes; cell transplantation; label dilution; magnetite; magnetolabeling; polymeric particles