title: Clinical Nurse Leader Integration Into Practice: Developing Theory To Guide Best Practice.
abstract: Numerous policy bodies have identified the clinical nurse leader (CNL) as an innovative new role for meeting higher health care quality standards. Although there is growing evidence of improved care environment and patient safety and quality outcomes after redesigning care delivery microsystems to integrate CNL practice, significant variation in CNL implementation has been noted across reports, making it difficult to causally link CNL practice to reported outcomes. This variability reflects the overall absence in the literature of a well-defined CNL theoretical framework to help guide standardized application in practice. To address this knowledge gap, an interpretive synthesis with a grounded theory analysis of CNL narratives was conducted to develop a theoretical model for CNL practice. The model clarifies CNL practice domains and proposes mechanisms by which CNL-integrated care delivery microsystems improve health care quality. The model highlights the need for a systematic approach to CNL implementation including a well-thought out strategy for care delivery redesign; a consistent, competency-based CNL workflow; and sustained macro-to-micro system leadership support. CNL practice can be considered an effective approach to organizing nursing care that maximizes the scope of nursing to influence the ways care is delivered by all professions within a clinical microsystem.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Program in Nursing Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3959.. Electronic address: miriamb@uci.edu.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bender
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000592:standards; D055318:Evidence-Based Nursing; D066296:Grounded Theory; D006284:Health Plan Implementation / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D016294:Models, Nursing; D024802:Nurse's Role; D061214:Patient Safety; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000592:standards
keywords: Care quality; Clinical nurse leader; Interpretive synthesis; Nursing care delivery; Practice model; Theory