title: The damage caused by Callosobruchus maculatus on cowpea grains is dependent on the plant genotype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Beans from cowpea cultivars fertilized with mineral N or inoculated with various rhizobium strains may contain different nitrogen concentrations and nitrogen metabolite composition, which affects the beans' defense mechanisms against pests. In this study, the population growth of Callosobruchus maculatus reared on beans from four cowpea cultivars fertilized with different nitrogen sources was evaluated. The factors tested were beans from four cowpea cultivars and seven different nitrogen sources: mineral N fertilization, inoculation with five strains of symbiotic diazotrophic bacteria, and soil nitrogen (absolute control).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BRS Tapaihum and BRS Acauã cultivars had lower cumulative emergence and instantaneous rate of population growth of the insects compared with other cultivars, indicating antixenosis resistance against C. maculatus. Inoculation of BRS Acauã cultivar with the diazotrophic bacteria strain BR 3299 resulted in higher mortality of C. maculatus. For BRS Tapaihum cultivar, inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria strains BR3267, BR 3262 and BR 3299, and nitrogen fertilization resulted in higher mortality among C. maculatus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BRS Tapaihum and BRS Acauã cultivars showed the lowest cumulative insect emergence and instantaneous rates of population growth, and the highest insect mortality, mainly when the grains were obtained from plants inoculated with rhizobial strains. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Crop Sciences Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elida Barros
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafaela S A
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Nóbrega
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Ivan
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Fernandes-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Crop Sciences Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Barboza
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Crop Sciences Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dos Santos Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Crop Sciences Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rita de Cassia Nunes
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Marinho
authors.affiliation: Agronomy Department, UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Pavan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000502:physiology*; D060467:Disease Resistance; D005308:Fertilizers; D005838:Genotype; D007306:Insecticides; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D013559:Symbiosis; D000070658:Vigna / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D007306:Insecticides; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: inoculation; nitrogen fertilization; stored grain