title: Self-monitored photothermal nanoparticles based on core-shell engineering.
abstract: The continuous development of nanotechnology has resulted in the actual possibility of the design and synthesis of nanostructured materials with pre-tailored functionabilities. Nanostructures capable of simultaneous heating and local thermal sensing are in strong demand as they would constitute a revolutionary solution to several challenging problems in bio-medicine, including the achievement of real time control during photothermal therapies. Several approaches have been demonstrated to achieve simultaneous heating and thermal sensing at the nanoscale. Some of them lack of sufficient thermal sensitivity and others require complicated synthesis procedures for heterostructure fabrication. In this study, we demonstrate how single core/shell dielectric nanoparticles with a highly Nd(3+) ion doped shell and an Yb(3+),Er(3+) codoped core are capable of simultaneous thermal sensing and heating under an 808 nm single beam excitation. The spatial separation between the heating shell and sensing core provides remarkable values of the heating efficiency and thermal sensitivity, enabling their application in single beam-controlled heating experiments in both aqueous and tissue environments.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Fotônica e Fluidos Complexos, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erving C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Ximendes
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales C-04, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. daniel.jaque@uam.es.
authors.forename: Uéslen
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Fotônica e Fluidos Complexos, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacinto
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Fotônica e Fluidos Complexos, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kagola Upendra
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales C-04, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. daniel.jaque@uam.es.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales C-04, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. daniel.jaque@uam.es.
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales C-04, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. daniel.jaque@uam.es.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martín Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales C-04, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. daniel.jaque@uam.es.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Solé
authors.affiliation: Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales C-04, Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. daniel.jaque@uam.es and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28034, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jaque
mesh_terms: D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005063:Europium / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009354:Neodymium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013696:Temperature; D015018:Ytterbium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009354:Neodymium; D005063:Europium; D015018:Ytterbium