title: Determination of the Best Concentration of Streptozotocin to Create a Diabetic Brain Using Histological Techniques.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most important disorders among neurodegenerative diseases which is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and senile plagues. Intercerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin administration is a form of sAD which was applied to examine different factors following AD. Previous reports used different doses of streptozotocin (STZ) to create Alzheimer's model, but no standard dose has been introduced. Therefore, we decided to investigate the best concentration of STZ to induce a diabetic brain with lowest mortality rate and high severity of destruction. We treated rats with three different doses of STZ (STZ 1.5, 2.25, and 3 mg/kg, ICV). Spatial memory for treated rats was evaluated by Morris water maze (MWM). Locomotor activities of rats were assessed by open field test. Histological observation such as immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Nissl staining were performed on the brain especially in CA1, CA3, and DG regions of hippocampal neurons at residues P-ser396 and P-ser404. Our data suggest that although the percentage hyperphosphorylation of tau protein by injection of STZ 3 mg/kg was about 10 % more than STZ 2.25 mg/kg compared to the control group, we considered the latter doses due to no effect on motor activities and enhance the number of glial cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.|Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dehghan-Shasaltaneh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naghdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choopani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alizadeh
authors.affiliation: School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bolouri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masoudi-Nejad
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. ghriazi@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Gholam Hossein
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Riazi
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008124:Locomotion; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D013311:Streptozocin
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Hyperphosphorylated tau; Immunofluorescence; Immunohistochemistry; Nissl staining