title: Systemic complications during voluntary cosmetic depigmentation among women in Togo: A case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to document the systemic complications of skin bleaching among women in Togo.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case-control study conducted between December 2009 and December 2013. Cases comprised of women using skin-bleaching products for at least 6 months and age-matched with non-users (±3 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We recruited a total of 150 women using skin-bleaching and matched them with 300 controls. Univariate analysis revealed a correlation between systolic hypertension (OR=2.56; 95% CI: 1.68-3.92), diastolic hypertension (OR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.17-3.05), hyperglycaemia (OR=1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-9, 65) and obesity (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.08-2.62) with the use of skin-bleaching products. Multivariate analysis revealed a correlation between skin bleaching and both systolic hypertension (OR=3.94; 95% CI: 1.59-3.75) and obesity (OR=2.88; 95% CI: 1.23-5.69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study show the existence of a correlation between voluntary cosmetic depigmentation, hypertension and obesity in Togo.
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Lomé, Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital, BP 81056, 1, rue de l'Hôpital, Lomé, Togo.
authors.forename: A-S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Akakpo
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Kara, Kara University Hospital, Kara, Togo.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mouhari-Toure
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Lomé, Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital, BP 81056, 1, rue de l'Hôpital, Lomé, Togo.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Lomé, Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital, BP 81056, 1, rue de l'Hôpital, Lomé, Togo.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Téclessou
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Lomé, Campus University Hospital, Lomé, Togo.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kombaté
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Lomé, Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital, BP 81056, 1, rue de l'Hôpital, Lomé, Togo; Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Kara, Kara University Hospital, Kara, Togo.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tchangaï-Walla
authors.affiliation: Department of dermatology and venereology, University of Lomé, Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital, BP 81056, 1, rue de l'Hôpital, Lomé, Togo. Electronic address: ppitche@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pitché
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D062327:Skin Lightening Preparations / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014037:Togo
chemical_list: D062327:Skin Lightening Preparations
keywords: Dépigmentation cosmétique; Dépigmentation volontaire; Hypertension; Hypertension artérielle; Obesity; Obésité; Skin bleaching; Togo