title: Lacunar Infarcts, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms One Year after Stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mood disorders are frequent after stroke and are associated with poorer quality of life. Previous studies have reported conflicting results as to stroke subtype in the incidence of poststroke mood disorders. We explored the relationship between subcortical ischemic stroke subtype (lacunar) and presence of such symptoms at 1 year after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anonymized data were accessed from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive. Stroke subtypes were classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We investigated independent predictors of depression and anxiety symptoms using a logistic regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were available for 2160 patients. Almost one fifth of the patients developed both anxiety and depression at 1-year follow-up. After adjusting for confounders, the lacunar subtype was least associated with both anxiety (odds ratio [OR] = .61; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .46-.80) and depression symptoms (OR = .71; CI = .55-.93) versus other stroke subtypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lacunar strokes have a weaker association with presence of anxiety and depression symptoms compared with other subtypes.
authors.affiliation: NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. Electronic address: francesco.arba@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arba
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Myzoon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Terence J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Graeme J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Hankey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kennedy R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.affiliation: NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inzitari
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059906:Neuroimaging; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D059409:Stroke, Lacunar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; C035838:danaparoid
keywords: HADS; Stroke; anxiety; depression; lacunar infarcts; mood disorders