title: Cervicitis: a prospective observational study of empiric azithromycin treatment in women with cervicitis and non-specific cervicitis.
abstract: Treatment with 1 G azithromycin was observed prospectively in 130 women with cervicitis (>30 polymorphonuclear leucocytes/high-powered field) enrolled in a cervicitis aetiology study of 558 women at three sexually transmitted infection clinics in Sydney, Australia. Two overlapping groups of women with cervicitis were considered: 'cervicitis group 1' (n = 116) excluded women with Trichomonas vaginalis and a subgroup of this, 'cervicitis group 2' (non-specific cervicitis) (n = 96) further excluded women with Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium at enrolment. Testing for Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis was by PCR and Neisseria gonorrhoea by PCR and culture. Treatment outcomes were cervicitis or vaginal symptoms at follow-up. Effect on cervicitis at follow-up was also assessed after additional reported partner treatment. In 'cervicitis group 1' where prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium and/or Chlamydia trachomatis was 23/116 (19.8%), azithromycin reduced cervicitis at follow-up (RR = 0.62 (95% CI 0.39-0.97) p = 0.035), but there was no significant effect in non-specific cervicitis ('cervicitis group 2') (RR = 0.60 (95% CI 0.35-1.01) p = 0.056). Empiric treatment did not reduce vaginal symptoms at follow-up in either group. No effect of empiric partner treatment was seen. The conclusion was that empiric azithromycin treatment of cervicitis reduces cervicitis at follow-up in populations with high prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Mycoplasma genitalium. There are no benefits of empiric azithromycin for non-specific cervicitis or empiric partner treatment.
authors.affiliation: 1 Short Street Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Sexual Health, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Sydney, Australia.|2 Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.|3 Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: M Josephine
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lusk
authors.affiliation: 3 Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Frances L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Garden
authors.affiliation: 3 Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Cumming
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.|4 SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rawlinson
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.|4 SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Zin W
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Naing
authors.affiliation: 1 Short Street Centre, Department of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Sexual Health, St George Hospital, Kogarah, Sydney, Australia.|2 Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Konecny
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D045704:Mycoplasma genitalium; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D002575:Uterine Cervicitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017963:Azithromycin
keywords: Cervicitis; azithromycin; empiric treatment; non-specific cervicitis