title: Evaluation of popular drug information resources on clinically useful and actionable pharmacogenomic information.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genes affect a person's response to drugs. This descriptive study assessed whether popular drug information resources provide clinically useful pharmacogenomic (PGx) information.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four resources (package inserts, Lexicomp, Micromedex 2.0, and Epocrates) were evaluated for information about twenty-seven drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was wide variability of PGx information. Whereas Lexicomp included relevant PGx biomarker information for all 27 drugs, Epocrates did in less than 50% of the drugs. None of the resources had monographs that fully incorporated Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) recommendations in more than 30% of the drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lexicomp appears to be most useful PGx drug information resource, but none of the resources are sufficient.
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Duyen-Anh
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Maithao T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: Yiting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Sheri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: VanOsdol
authors.forename: Jaekyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D019992:Databases as Topic; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000592:standards*; D004346:Drug Information Services / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000193:education*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: Biomarkers; Drug Information Services; Genetic Testing; Pharmacogenomics