title: The Role of Adaptive Immunity in the Efficacy of Targeted Cancer Therapies.
abstract: Accumulating evidence indicates that the efficacy of tumor-targeted therapies relies on the host immune response, including targeted small-molecule and antibody approaches that were not previously thought to have an immune component. Here, we review the current understanding of how targeted therapies on tumor cells could have a major impact on the immune response, and how this relates to the therapeutic efficacy of these approaches. In this context, we evaluate different strategies that combine targeted therapies with immunotherapy approaches, and discuss past and ongoing clinical trials. We highlight gaps in knowledge, and argue that significant progress for combined therapies will require a better understanding of the complex interactions between immune cells, the tumor, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in different cancer settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Meng Michelle
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA. Electronic address: yxfu@bsd.uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: Yang-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment