title: Diagnosis and Management of Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Women.
abstract: Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) should be considered when a woman complains of voiding difficulty, abdominal straining to void, or refractory storage symptoms. Diagnosis of female BOO is not straightforward and usually requires invasive (video)urodyanmic study. A diagnostic algorithm is recommended for making optimal diagnosis. Female BOO can be classified as having anatomical and functional origins, and each contains several sub-classifications. Literatures published between 1988 and 2013 were reviewed and summarized for the diagnosis and therapy in each subtype of female BOO.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Da
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.|Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hann-Chorng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Stephen S-D
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: bladder outlet obstruction; diagnosis; treatment; woman