title: [Health-related quality-of-life in the smoking general population of Spain: An approach from the National Health Survey].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Smoking has been associated with an important health risk. The aim was to analyze the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) status of the adult Spanish general population included in the National Health Survey according to its smoking status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were included from National Health Survey for the year 2011-2012 with information of HRQoL status in general population over 15 years of age. Adult male and female, 18 years of age or above, were categorized into 3 exclusive groups according to their current smoking status: smokers (daily smokers of any form of tobacco, at least the previous 12 months), ex-smokers of one or more years since quitting smoking and people who have never smoked (non smokers). HRQoL was assessed with the Spanish version of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire included into the National Health Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 19,604 records were analyzed: 4,723 (24.09%) smokers, 3,797 (19.37%) ex-smokers, and 11,084 (56.54%) non smokers, male and female with 18 years of age or above. Smokers showed significantly adjusted mean scores (95% CI) in utility of 0.903 (0.899-0.908) and 75.36 (74.06-76.69) in the visual analogue scale of current state of health, ex-smokers 0.924 (0.919-0.929) and 76.85 (76.67-78.07), and non smokers 0.902 (0.899-0.905) and 76.25 (75.02-77.51), P<.01 between groups in both variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the Spanish general population, subjects who are ex-smokers showed better utility values and state health scores, supporting the hypothesis that quitting smoking could be associated with a discreet improvement of HRQoL.
authors.affiliation: Máster en Evaluación Sanitaria y Acceso al Mercado (Farmacoeconomía), Universidad Carlos III, Getafe, Madrid, España. Electronic address: al_1986_2@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Lossada
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacoeconomía e Investigación de Resultados en Salud, Pfizer S. L. U., Alcobendas, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rejas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; EQ-5D-5L; Encuesta Nacional de Salud; Health-related quality of life; National Health Survey; Smoking; Tabaquismo