title: Tranilast ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced lung injury and nephrotoxicity.
abstract: The world-wide increase in cancer incidence imposes a corresponding significant increase in the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Nephrotoxicity is a side effect frequently encountered with cyclophosphamide (CP), which is also well-known to cause acute and chronic lung toxicities. The current study focuses on the evaluation of the potential protective efficacy of tranilast against acute and subacute CP-induced lung and kidney injuries in male Swiss Albino mice. Intraperitoneal CP significantly impaired oxidant/anti-oxidant balance and increased inflammatory cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, with significant impairment of lung and kidney architectures. Tranilast taken orally for 8 and 14 days significantly enhanced mice anti-oxidant defense mechanisms; it increased lung and kidney SOD activity, GSH content and reduced lipid peroxidation. Tranilast significantly reduced serum creatinine and BUN. Furthermore, it decreased accumulation of inflammatory cells in the lungs. Serum TNF-α, LDH, total lung and kidney protein contents significantly declined as well. Histopathological examination revealed concomitant significant tissue recovery. Such results show a significant protective potential of tranilast against deleterious lung and kidney damage induced by CP, probably by enhancing host antioxidant defense mechanism, decreasing cytotoxicity, and decreasing expression of inflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Eman
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Said
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University.
authors.forename: Wagdi F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Elkashef
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Rania R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Abdelaziz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D003404:Creatinine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005978:Glutathione; C012293:tranilast
keywords: cyclophosphamide; lung injury; lésion pulmonaire; nephrotoxicity and tumor necrosis factor-α; néphrotoxicité et facteur de nécrose tumorale α; tranilast