title: Size and Volumetric Growth Kinetics of Renal Masses in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine radiological growth patterns as an indicator of renal tumor aggressiveness, we studied about the growth kinetics of small renal mass (SRM, ≤4 cm) and possible associated factors for high Fuhrman nuclear grade (≥3).
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1999 to May 2013, 112 cases (111 patients) diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma after surgical treatment were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who had at least two preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans more than 6 months apart were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 59 years and mean computed tomography follow-up duration was 20 months. Median tumor size and tumor volume at diagnosis were 1.45 cm and 1.80 cm(3), respectively. Median linear growth rate (LGR) was 0.28 cm/year. Median volumetric growth rate was 0.75 cm(3)/year and median volume doubling time was 1.41 years. Tumor growth rate was not different to histologic type (P = .271). High LGR was a significant factor associated with high Fuhrman grade in multivariate analysis (odds ratio 3.877, 95% confidence interval 1.715-8.765). Volumetric growth rate (P <.001) and volume doubling time (P = .004) were positive correlation with initial mass size, but not LGR (P = .764).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our growth kinetics study, generally small renal mass grew slowly. High LGR could be a risk factor for high-grade tumor (Fuhrman grade ≥3).
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sin Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Hwan
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hwang Gyun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byong Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Moo
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han-Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: siseo@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Seong Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047368:Tumor Burden; D055815:Young Adult