title: The neurobiology of HIV and its impact on cognitive reserve: A review of cognitive interventions for an aging population.
abstract: The medications used to treat HIV have reduced the severity of cognitive deficits; yet, nearly half of adults with HIV still exhibit some degree of cognitive deficits, referred to as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder or HAND. These cognitive deficits interfere with everyday functioning such as emotional regulation, medication adherence, instrumental activities of daily living, and even driving a vehicle. As adults are expected to live a normal lifespan, the process of aging in this clinical population may exacerbate such cognitive deficits. Therefore, it is important to understand the neurobiological mechanisms of HIV on cognitive reserve and develop interventions that are either neuroprotective or compensate for such cognitive deficits. Within the context of cognitive reserve, this article delivers a state of the science perspective on the causes of HAND and provides possible interventions for addressing such cognitive deficits. Suggestions for future research are also provided.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Room 1020P, 1701 University Boulevard, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294-1210, United States. Electronic address: slcody@uab.edu.
authors.forename: Shameka L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cody
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Room 2M026, 1701 University Boulevard, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294-1210, United States. Electronic address: devance@uab.edu.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Vance
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D058245:Cognitive Reserve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans
keywords: Cognitive compensation; Cognitive impairment; Cognitive remediation; HAND; HIV/AIDS; Speed of processing; Speed of processing training