title: Syndrome of Electrical Status Epilepticus During Sleep: Epileptic Encephalopathy Related to Brain Development.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep is an age-related and self-limited disorder. The present study analyzed the etiology, demographics, and pathogenesis of patients with electrical status epilepticus during sleep to provide information on the diagnosis and therapy of this syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The etiologies of epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep in patients admitted in Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified into the genetic, structural-metabolic, and unknown groups according to the etiology. Demographics and clinical characteristics of all the patients were then analyzed and compared among groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The etiologies of epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep in 75 patients mainly included benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, polymicrogyria, and migration disorders. Age at onset of epilepsy did not show a specific pattern, but age at onset of epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep was concentrated at age 6-9 years. The mean age at onset of epilepsy in the genetic group was significantly older than that in the structural-metabolic group (P < 0.05). Age at onset of epileptic encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus during sleep did not significantly differ between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Electrical status epilepticus during sleep is an epileptic encephalopathy related to brain development and presents an age-dependent occurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatrics, No. 101 Hospital of PLA, Wuxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Qiao
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Na
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Meng-Jia
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zouliping21@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013036:Spasms, Infantile / Q000150:complications*; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: children; electrical status epilepticus during sleep; etiology; genetic; structural-metabolic