title: Effects of dietary phosphate on glucose and lipid metabolism.
abstract: Recent epidemiological and animal studies have suggested that excess intake of phosphate (Pi) is a risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease and its cardiovascular complications. However, little is known about the impact of dietary high Pi intake on the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary Pi on glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy rats. Male 8-wk-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups and given experimental diets containing varying amounts of Pi, i.e., 0.2 [low Pi(LP)], 0.6 [control Pi(CP)], and 1.2% [high Pi(HP)]. After 4 wk, the HP group showed lower visceral fat accumulation compared with other groups, accompanied by a low respiratory exchange ratio (V̇CO2/V̇O2) without alteration of locomotive activity. The HP group had lower levels of plasma insulin and nonesterified fatty acids. In addition, the HP group also showed suppressed expression of hepatic lipogenic genes, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, whereas there was no difference in hepatic fat oxidation among the groups. On the other hand, uncoupling protein (UCP) 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression were significantly increased in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of the HP group. Our data demonstrated that a high-Pi diet can negatively regulate lipid synthesis in the liver and increase mRNA expression related to lipid oxidation and UCP1 in BAT, thereby preventing visceral fat accumulation. Thus, dietary Pi is a novel metabolic regulator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Maerjianghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abuduli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohminami
authors.affiliation: Radioisotope Research Center, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.affiliation: Advanced Clinical Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima City, Japan;
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Yoshichika
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Hisami
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka-Okumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan; and.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaue
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life, Jin-ai University, Echizen, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan; taketani@tokushima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taketani
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D010710:Phosphates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; C501429:Ppargc1a protein, rat; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; C000604371:UCP1 protein, human; C000604373:Ucp1 protein, rat; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; C013216:potassium phosphate; D054890:Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
keywords: brown adipose tissue; dietary phosphate; energy metabolism; visceral fat