title: Golgi Phosphoprotein-3 and Y-Box-Binding Protein-1 Are Novel Markers Correlating With Poor Prognosis in Prostate Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate cancer is a common and aggressive cancer among men. Despite advances in treatment, the mechanisms involved in progression are still unclear. New prognostic markers are needed to better design patient-specific therapeutic regimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study included 120 patients: 76 with prostate carcinoma, 12 with low-grade prostate intraepithelial lesions, 12 with high-grade prostate intraepithelial lesions, and 20 with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Immunohistochemical study was performed for Golgi phosphoprotein-3 (GOLPH3) and Y-box-binding protein-1 (YB-1) analysis. The correlation with clinicopathologic data and overall survival was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both GOLPH3 and YB-1 showed increased expression from benign to malignant tumors. In prostate carcinoma, cytoplasmic GOLPH3 was associated with Gleason score, tumor stage, and androgen receptor status (P = .034, P < .001, and P = .008, respectively). Nuclear YB-1 expression was associated with Gleason score and androgen receptor status (P = .018 and P = .024, respectively). Cytoplasmic YB-1 expression was associated with Gleason score, tumor stage, and androgen receptor status (P = .008, P = .027, and P < .001, respectively). A high Gleason score (P = .004), high tumor stage (P < .001), and androgen receptor-independent cancer (P = .006) were the only detected adverse prognostic clinicopathologic factors. Moderate to intense GOLPH3 and high nuclear and cytoplasmic YB-1 expression correlated with shorter overall survival (P < .001, P = .020, and P < .001, respectively). On multivariate analysis, moderate to intense GOLPH3 expression was the only predictor of overall survival (P = .025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High GOLPH3 and nuclear/cytoplasmic YB-1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer. Both markers could be promising targets for new treatment strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt. Electronic address: nehadreda@ymail.com.
authors.forename: Nehad M R
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Maqsoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nisreen A A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr M A
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Hamid
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Fath El-Bab
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ehab M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Galal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C429024:GOLPH3 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1; C070856:YBX1 protein, human
keywords: BPH; GOLPH3; PIN; Prostate cancer; YB-1