title: Quercetin, a Flavonoid Antioxidant, Ameliorated Procarbazine-Induced Oxidative Damage to Murine Tissues.
abstract: Procarbazine (PCZ) (indicated in Hodgkin's disease), is an alkylating agent known to generate free radicals in vivo, while Quercetin (QCT) is a flavonoid antioxidant with proven free radical scavenging capacity. This study investigated the protective effects of QCT on PCZ-induced oxidative damage in the rat. Male Wistar rats (160-180 g) were randomized into five groups (n = 5/group): I (control), II PCZ-treated (2 mg/kg body weight (bw) for seven days); III pre-treated with QCT (20 mg/kg bw) for seven days, followed by PCZ for seven days; IV co-treated with PCZ and QCT for seven days and V administered QCT alone for seven days. PCZ caused a significant increase in plasma total bilirubin, urea, and creatinine when compared with control (P < 0.05). Similarly, plasma activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) were significantly increased in the PCZ-treated group relative to control. Furthermore, PCZ caused a significant decrease in the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) as well as levels of ascorbic acid (AA) and glutathione (GSH). This was followed by a significant increase in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, QCT pre-treatment and co-treatment ameliorated the PCZ-induced changes in plasma levels of urea, creatinine, and bilirubin as well as the activities of ALP, AST, ALT, and GGT. QCT also ameliorated hepatic AA and GSH levels and the activities of SOD, CAT, and GST. This all suggests that QCT protected against PCZ-induced oxidative damage in rats.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria. ebenezertundeolayinka@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ebenezer Tunde
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Olayinka
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria. oreayokanmi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ayokanmi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ore
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria. dewumyt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Oluwatobi Adewumi
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adeyemo
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria. olaoluolot@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Olaniyi Solomon
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Ola
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria. olaoluolot@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Olaoluwa Oluwaseun
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Olotu
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria. echebiriroseline@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Roseline Chinonye
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Echebiri
keywords: antioxidant; oxidative stress; procarbazine; quercetin; rat