title: Impact of postharvest dehydration process of winegrapes on mechanical and acoustic properties of the seeds and their relationship with flavanol extraction during simulated maceration.
abstract: This study represents the first time that the extraction of phenolic compounds from the seeds is assessed from instrumental texture properties for dehydrated grapes. Nebbiolo winegrapes were postharvest dehydrated at 20°C and 41% relative humidity. During the dehydration process, sampling was performed at 15%, 30%, 45% and 60% weight loss. The extractable fraction and extractability of phenolic compounds from the seeds were determined after simulated maceration. The evolution of mechanical and acoustic attributes of intact seeds was also determined during grape dehydration to evaluate how these changes affected the extraction of phenolic compounds. The extractable content and extractability of monomeric flavanols and proanthocyanidins, as well as the galloylation percentage of flavanols, might be predicted easily and quickly from the mechanical and acoustic properties of intact seeds. This would help in decision-making on the optimal dehydration level of winegrapes and the best management of winemaking of dehydrated grapes.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy. Electronic address: susana.riosegade@unito.it.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Río Segade
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Enologia e Ingegneria Agro-Alimentare, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torchio
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Unità Grugliasco, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gerbi
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles, Unidad de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Quijada-Morín
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles, Unidad de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: García-Estévez
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giacosa
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles, Unidad de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Escribano-Bailón
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Unità Grugliasco, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rolle
mesh_terms: D003681:Dehydration; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins
keywords: Acoustic emission; Flavanol extraction; Instrumental texture analysis; Mechanical properties; Nebbiolo winegrapes; Postharvest dehydration process; Seeds