title: Ivabradine in Management of Heart Failure: a Critical Appraisal.
abstract: Elevated resting heart rate has been linked to poor outcomes in patients with chronic systolic heart failure. Blockade of funny current channel with ivabradine reduces heart rate without inotropic effects. Ivabradine was recently approved by US Food and Drug Administration for patients with stable, symptomatic chronic heart failure (HF) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35 %, who are in sinus rhythm with resting heart rate (HR) ≥ 70 bpm and either are on maximally tolerated doses of beta-blockers, or have a contraindication to beta-blockers. This article will review and evaluate the data supporting the use of ivabradine in patients with HF and explore its mechanisms and physiologic effects.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orasanu
authors.affiliation: Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Sadeer G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Al-Kindi
authors.affiliation: Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. guilherme.oliveira@uhhospitals.org.
authors.forename: Guilherme H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000188:drug therapy; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000188:drug therapy; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068456:Clinical Studies as Topic; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D000077550:Ivabradine; D012770:Shock, Cardiogenic / Q000188:drug therapy; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D000077550:Ivabradine
keywords: Funny channel; Heart failure; Heart rate; Hospitalization; Inhibitor; Ivabradine