title: Chromogranin A and other enteroendocrine markers in inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: Changes in the distribution and products of enteroendocrine cells may play a role in immune activation and regulation of gut inflammation. This review aims at critically evaluating the main enteroendocrine markers in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). A narrative review was performed by searching inflammatory bowel diseases and enteroendocrine biomarkers in PubMed. Relevant modifications of some enteroendocrine markers, such as Chromogranin A, and their correlation with disease activity have been reported in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Even if data about neuroendocrine markers are sometimes contrasting, they may be potentially useful for the diagnosis and clinical management of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: sara.massironi@policlinico.mi.it.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massironi
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Postgraduate School of Gastroenterology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: alessandra.zilli86@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zilli
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Postgraduate School of Gastroenterology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: cavalcoli.federica@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cavalcoli
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Postgraduate School of Gastroenterology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: dario.conte@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Postgraduate School of Gastroenterology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy. Electronic address: maddalena.peracchi@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Maddalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peracchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D019858:Enteroendocrine Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009496:Neurotensin / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053379:Chromogranin A; D054439:Ghrelin; D012701:Serotonin; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D009496:Neurotensin; D013004:Somatostatin
keywords: Chromogranin A; Crohn's disease; Enteroendocrine cell; Inflammatory bowel disease; Ulcerative colitis