title: Exotic vortex lattices in a rotating binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate.
abstract: In the last decade, considerable advances have been made in the investigation of dipolar quantum gases. Previous theoretical investigations of a rotating binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate, where only one component possesses dipole moment, were mainly focused on two special orientations of the dipoles: perpendicular or parallel to the plane of motion. Here we study the ground-state and rotational properties of such a system for an arbitrary orientation of the dipoles. We demonstrate the ground-state vortex structures depend strongly on the relative strength between dipolar and contact interactions and the rotation frequency, as well as on the orientation of the dipoles. In the absence of rotation, the tunable dipolar interaction can be used to induce the squeezing or expansion of the cloud, and to derive the phase transition between phase coexistence and separation. Under finite rotation, the system is found to exhibit exotic ground-state vortex configurations, such as kernel-shell, vortex necklace, and compensating stripe vortex structures. We also check the validity of the Feynman relation, and find no significant deviations from it. The obtained results open up alternate ways for the quantum control of dipolar quantum gases.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: School of Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cai-Qing
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rui-Fang
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hai-Feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shou-Gang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zhang