title: Hybrubins: Bipyrrole Tetramic Acids Obtained by Crosstalk between a Truncated Undecylprodigiosin Pathway and Heterologous Tetramic Acid Biosynthetic Genes.
abstract: Heterologous expression of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones from the genomic library of Streptomyces variabilis Snt24 in Streptomyces lividans SBT5 which carried a truncated undecylprodigiosin biosynthetic gene cluster led to the identification of hybrubins A-C. The hybrubins represent a new carbon skeleton in which a tetramic acid moiety is fused to a 2,2'-dipyrrole building block. Gene knockout experiments confirmed that hybrubins are derived from two convergent biosynthetic pathways including the remaining genomic red genes of S. lividans SBT5 as well as the BAC encoded hbn genes for the production of 5-ethylidenetetramic acid. A possible biosynthetic pathway was also proposed.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Zhilong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Nelson L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Lei
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Yemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Zixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, China.
authors.forename: Xiuhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Meifeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D005810:Multigene Family; D011353:Prodigiosin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; C000608276:hybrubin A; C000608277:hybrubin B; C000608278:hybrubin C; C009435:tetramic acid; C047347:undecylprodigiosin; D011353:Prodigiosin