title: [The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1(Cyfra21-1) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA ) in the diagnosis and clinical stage of lung cancer in Chinese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with lung cancer and benign lesions confirmed by pathology were enrolled in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2013 to October 2014. The serum levels of four tumor markers (ProGRP, SCC-Ag, Cyfra21-1 and CEA) were measured using immunoassays before treatment.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC) of these four tumor biomarkers were analyzed for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 134 patients were finally analyzed, including 73 patients with lung cancer and the other 61 patients with benign lung disease.The diagnostic sensitivity of serum Cyfra21-1 to lung cancer was 67.1%, the specificity 45.1%, the AUCROC 0.658.The diagnostic sensitivity of the panel including ProGPR, Cyfra21-1 and CEA to lung cancer was 75.3%, the specificity 57.4%, the AUCROC 0.702. In the lung cancer group, the AUCROC of ProGRP over 65 ng/L to diagnose small cell lung cancer was 0.954; the AUCROC of SCC-Ag over 1.5 μg/L to diagnose squamous cell lung cancer was 0.788; the AUCROC of Cyfra21-1 to diagnose non-squamous-non-small-cell lung cancer was 0.716. In small cell lung cancer patients, the level of ProGRP in limited-disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC) were significantly higher than that in extensive-disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) (P = 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This panel of serum tumor markers including ProGRP, Cyfra21-1 and CEA improves the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity in patients with high-risk lung cancer. The serum CEA level of advanced lung cancer patients is significantly increased. The high level of serum ProGRP predicts the ED-SCLC.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Zijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood; D019540:Area Under Curve; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000097:blood; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D012372:ROC Curve; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000097:blood; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015843:Serpins / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D053539:Keratin-19; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015843:Serpins; C102012:antigen CYFRA21.1; C087079:pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (31-98); C051072:squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen