title: [The Different Indications and Treatment Effect between Preoperative Chemotherapy and Preoperative Radiotherapy for Advanced Rectal Cancer].
abstract: We evaluated the difference in effectiveness between preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (C) as part of multimodal therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. In the RT group, 43 patients were enrolled and preoperative radiotherapy was performed with 42.6 Gy for 4 weeks. In the C group, 16 patients were treated with preoperative chemotherapy consisting of mFOLFOX6/XELOX plus bevacizumab for 3 months. All 43 tumors in the RT group were located in the lower rectum. The C group was composed of 9 in the lower rectum and 7 in the middle or upper rectum. The C group was more advanced than the RT group in terms of depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor diameter. The histological treatment response was better after RT (7 with little, 10 with a minor, 24 with a major, and 2 with a complete response) than after C (10 with little, 4 with a minor, 1 with a major, and 1 with a complete response). The tumor reduction ratio by colonography showed 36.5% after RT and 28.7% after C. CEA was reduced by 47.2% after RT and 45.2% after C. Though RT is more effective for local lesions than C, C is expected to be preferred as the local and systemic therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer with pelvic organ involvement or lateral lymph node metastases.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Souda
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tonooka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nabeya
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kainuma
authors.forename: Hiroshige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hidehito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arimitsu
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Tomofumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chibana
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ishige
authors.forename: Matsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tadamichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Denda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence