title: Functionalized magnetic nanochains with enhanced MR imaging: A novel nanosystem for targeting and inhibition of early glioma.
abstract: Absence of efficient targeting limits the application of magnetic nanochains (NCs) in the diagnosis of early brain cancer. Herein, dextran-coated NCs (more than 100 nm length and ∼ 10 nm cores diameter), which were modified by cyclic pentapeptide c(RGDyC) or chlorotoxin (CTX) as the targeting molecules, were fabricated via carbodiimide chemistry and thiol technique. The analysis results revealed that the obtained slender NCs exhibited good biocompatibility, superparamagnetic property, high transverse relaxivity (R2) and longer blood circulation time. The test results of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and U251 human glioma cells indicated that the conjugation of c(RGDyC) could obviously increase the cyto-internalization of c(RGDyC)-NCs, however, CTX modification could significantly enhance accumulation of CTX-NCs in U251 cells, leading to cellular apoptosis. The results of in vivo biodistribution tests and in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging indicated that, although the c(RGDyC)-NCs could target early glioma to some extent and obviously enhance the contrast of MR imaging, CTX-NCs possessed higher tumor-targeting ability and good inhibition effect than the c(RGDyC)-NCs, suggesting that CTX-NCs are promising candidates for the diagnosis and therapy of early glioma.
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: zbhuang@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhongbing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, China.
authors.forename: Guangfu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Centre, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610093, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Centre, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610093, China. Electronic address: gaofabao@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Fabao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012604:Scorpion Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D012604:Scorpion Venoms; C091539:Chlorotoxin
keywords: Chlorotoxin; Diagnosis and inhibition; Early glioma; Magnetic nanochains; c(RGDyC)