title: Antioxidant Activity of Individual Steryl Ferulates from Various Cereal Grain Sources.
abstract: Steryl ferulates (SFs) are a subclass of bioactive lipids contributing to the health-promoting effects of whole grains. Most related studies focus on γ-oryzanol, a SF mixture from rice, since individual steryl ferulates are not commercially available. There is little evidence that individual SFs may vary in their bioactivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of eight individual SFs by determining their radical scavenging capacity. Additional molecular properties of the individual SFs were determined by molecular simulation in order to identify correlations with their antioxidant activities. Our study demonstrates that individual SFs exhibit 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion radical scavenging abilities with subtle differences that were highly dependent on the kind of reaction taking place. The grouping of SFs by principle component analysis was mainly attributed to molecular properties, not antioxidant activities. Solvation energy was significantly correlated with some experimental observations. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the antioxidant activity of eight individual steryl ferulates from different sources. Results of this work will provide better insight into the antioxidant activity of SFs and the health benefits of whole grains.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Ferrer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nyström
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010851:Picrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010840:Phytosterols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004999:ferulic acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; C013172:gamma-oryzanol