title: Electrochemical magnetic microbeads-based biosensor for point-of-care serodiagnosis of infectious diseases.
abstract: Access to appropriate diagnostic tools is an essential component in the evaluation and improvement of global health. Additionally, timely detection of infectious agents is critical in early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Conventional pathogen detection methods such as culturing, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) require long assay times, and complex and expensive instruments making them not adaptable to point-of-care (PoC) needs at resource-constrained places and primary care settings. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop portable, simple, rapid, and accurate methods for PoC detection of infections. Here, we present the development and validation of a portable, robust and inexpensive electrochemical magnetic microbeads-based biosensor (EMBIA) platform for PoC serodiagnosis of infectious diseases caused by different types of microorganisms (parasitic protozoa, bacteria and viruses). We demonstrate the potential use of the EMBIA platform for in situ diagnosis of human (Chagas disease and human brucellosis) and animal (bovine brucellosis and foot-and-mouth disease) infections clearly differentiating infected from non-infected individuals or animals. For Chagas disease, a more extensive validation of the test was performed showing that the EMBIA platform displayed an excellent diagnostic performance almost indistinguishable, in terms of specificity and sensitivity, from a fluorescent immunomagnetic assay and the conventional ELISA using the same combination of antigens. This platform technology could potentially be applicable to diagnose other infectious and non-infectious diseases as well as detection and/or quantification of biomarkers at the POC and primary care settings.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: María E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cortina
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Luciano J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Melli
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roberti
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Mijal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mass
authors.affiliation: U.T. Nanomateriales, Centro INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Longinotti
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tropea
authors.affiliation: U.T. Nanomateriales, Centro INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lloret
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Diego A Rey
authors.initials: DAR
authors.lastname: Serantes
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salomón
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Matías
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lloret
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ana J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Caillava
authors.affiliation: U.T. Nanomateriales, Centro INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Restuccia
authors.affiliation: Parasitología-Chagas, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Altcheh
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Buscaglia
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malatto
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ugalde
authors.affiliation: Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fraigi
authors.affiliation: U.T. Nanomateriales, Centro INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moina
authors.affiliation: U.T. Nanomateriales, Centro INTI-Procesos Superficiales, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: gabriel@inti.gob.ar.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ybarra
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: aciocchini@iibintech.com.ar.
authors.forename: Andrés E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ciocchini
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde", Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Grupo Pecuario, Centro Atómico Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: dcomerci@iibintech.com.ar.
authors.forename: Diego J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Comerci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics; D010271:Parasites / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014780:Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity
keywords: Electrochemical biosensor; Infectious diseases; Magnetic-beads; Point-of-Care diagnosis; Recombinant antigens