title: MicroRNA Regulation of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
abstract: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe form of acute lung injury (ALI), is a very common condition associated with critically ill patients, which causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite decades of research, effective therapeutic strategies for clinical ALI/ARDS are not available. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding molecules have emerged as a major area of biomedical research as they post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in diverse biological and pathological processes, including ALI/ARDS. In this context, this present review summarizes a large body of evidence implicating miRNAs and their target molecules in ALI/ARDS originating largely from studies using animal and cell culture model systems of ALI/ARDS. We have also focused on the involvement of miRNAs in macrophage polarization, which play a critical role in regulating the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. Finally, the possible future directions that might lead to novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ALI/ARDS are also reviewed. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2097-2106, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Subbiah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajasekaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Dhamotharan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pattarayan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajaguru
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sudhakar Gandhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Hospital, JSS University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Rajesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Thimmulappa
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000235:genetics*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs