title: Cardiac biomarkers in cats.
abstract: Cardiac biomarkers have been used in cats as part of the clinical assessment of heart disease for over a decade. They are widely available to practitioners through commercial reference laboratories. The evidence base for the use of cardiac biomarkers (primarily N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I) in cats is comprehensively reviewed in this article, focusing on each of six specific areas: distinguishing cardiac from non-cardiac causes of respiratory distress; measurement of cardiac biomarkers in urine and pleural fluid; identification of occult cardiomyopathy; effects of systemic disease on circulating concentrations of cardiac biomarkers; point-of-care biomarker testing, and the possible prognostic utility of cardiac biomarker measurement.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom; Highcroft Veterinary Referrals, Bristol, United Kingdom. Electronic address: kieran.borgeat@highcroftvet.co.uk.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borgeat
authors.affiliation: Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.affiliation: Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Luis Fuentes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology*; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Feline; NTproANP; NTproBNP; Troponin