title: Al(3+) -promoted fluoride accumulation in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) was inhibited by an anion channel inhibitor DIDS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Generally, tea plants are grown in acid soil which is rich in aluminum (Al) and fluoride (F). A recent publication showed that pretreatment with Al(3+) promoted F accumulation in tea plants by increasing endogenous Ca(2+) and calmodulin (CaM). A high level of F in tea leaves not only impairs tea quality but also might pose a health risk for people drinking tea regularly. Therefore it is important to try to find some clues which might be beneficial in controlling F accumulation in tea plants grown in acid soil (Al(3+) ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (DIDS) significantly reduced Al(3+) -promoted F accumulation in tea plants. Additionally, Al(3+) plus DIDS treatment stimulated significantly higher Ca(2+) efflux and decreased the CaM level in tea roots compared with Al(3+) treatment. Besides, significantly higher depolarization of membrane potential was shown in tea roots treated with Al(3+) plus DIDS than in those treated with Al(3+) , as well as higher net total H(+) efflux and plasma membrane H(+) -ATPase activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Al(3+) -promoted F accumulation in tea plants was inhibited by an anion channel inhibitor DIDS. Ca(2+) /CaM and membrane potential depolarization may be the components involved in this process. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
authors.forename: Xian-Chen
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.|School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Tian-Yuan
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
authors.forename: Hong-Hong
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Chun
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D005459:Fluorides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D002412:Cations; D012987:Soil; D000535:Aluminum; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Ca2+ flux; CaM; DIDS; fluoride; membrane potential; tea plant