title: NAD⁺ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration.
abstract: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) is a coenzyme found in all living cells. It serves both as a critical coenzyme for enzymes that fuel reduction-oxidation reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another, and as a cosubstrate for other enzymes such as the sirtuins and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerases. Cellular NAD(+) concentrations change during aging, and modulation of NAD(+) usage or production can prolong both health span and life span. Here we review factors that regulate NAD(+) and discuss how supplementation with NAD(+) precursors may represent a new therapeutic opportunity for aging and its associated disorders, particularly neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institutes, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verdin
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D004249:DNA Damage; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009243:NAD; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D037761:Sirtuins