title: Comparison of dosimetry methods for panoramic radiography: thermoluminescent dosimeter measurement versus personal computer-based Monte Carlo method calculation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patient radiation dose based on panoramic radiography and calculated with personal computer-based Monte Carlo (PCXMC) software compared with thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) measurement. We also proposed appropriate input values for dose-determining factors in PCXMC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue-absorbed doses and the effective dose based on panoramic radiography were measured with TLD and with PCXMC under various conditions. The calculated PCXMC doses were compared with those measured with TLD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effective doses calculated with PCXMC were higher by 9.55% to 51.24% compared with the doses measured with TLD. Reference points on the Y-axis and Z-axis were the sensitive factors when calculating the effective dose. The differences between the highest and the lowest organ doses were 0.32 and 0.10 mGy, respectively, for PCXMC calculation and TLD measurement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effective dose calculated with PCXMC was generally higher than the dose measured by using TLD, and the absorbed doses varied by organ more severely in the PCXMC calculations than in the TLD measurements. The effective dose obtained from PCXMC calculations was dependent on input values for dose-determining factors. Standard values for each dose-determining factor required for the application of PCXMC to panoramic radiography were suggested in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chena
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: raylee@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sam-Sun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jo-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Hoe
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D013819:Thermoluminescent Dosimetry