title: Post-Treatment Controllers: Role in HIV "Cure" Research.
abstract: Descriptions of individuals who are able to control viral replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy after receiving short-term therapy early in infection ("post-treatment controllers") has generated excitement and controversy within the field. As with natural or "elite" controllers, these cases provide hope that a long-term remission or "functional cure" might one day be possible. Here, we review what is known and not known about these cases and discuss the immunologic factors that may allow these unique individuals to be maintain viral control and may be important for future curative strategies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Suite 5100, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. lcockerham@mcw.edu.
authors.forename: Leslie R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Cockerham
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, 995 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA. Hiroyu.hatano@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Hiroyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, 995 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA. Steven.Deeks@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Deeks
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; HIV infection; HIV latency; HIV viral rebound; Post-treatment controllers; T cell activation