title: Distinct effects of dopamine vs STN stimulation therapies in associative learning and retention in Parkinson disease.
abstract: Evidence has been provided in Parkinson's disease patients of cognitive impairments including visual memory and learning which can be partially compensated by dopamine medication or subthalamic nucleus stimulation. The effects of these two therapies can differ according to the learning processes involving the dorsal vs ventral part of the striatum. Here we aimed to investigate and compare the outcomes of dopamine vs stimulation treatment in Parkinson patient's ability to acquire and maintain over successive days their performance in visual working memory. Parkinson patients performed conditional associative learning embedded in visual (spatial and non spatial) working memory tasks over two consecutive days either ON or OFF dopaminergic drugs or STN stimulation depending on the group of patients studied. While Parkinson patients were more accurate and faster in memory tasks ON vs OFF stimulation independent of the day of testing, performance in medicated patients differed depending on the medication status during the initial task acquisition. Patients who learnt the task ON medication the first day were able to maintain or even improve their memory performance both OFF and ON medication on the second day after consolidation. These effects were observed only in patients with dopamine replacement with or without motor fluctuations. This enhancement in memory performance after having learnt under dopamine medication and not under STN stimulation was mostly significant in visuo-spatial working memory tasks suggesting that dopamine replacement in the depleted dorsal striatum is essential for retention and consolidation of learnt skill.
authors.affiliation: INSERM Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U846, Bron, France; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France. Electronic address: Jocelyne.ventre-dominey@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ventre-Dominey
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Neurologique, Centre Mémoire Ressources Recherche, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mollion
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Neurologique, Neurologie C, Lyon, France; CNRS, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, Bron, France; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thobois
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Neurologique, Neurologie C, Lyon, France; CNRS, Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, Bron, France; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Broussolle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001245:Association Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D007980:Levodopa; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Consolidation; Dopamine medication; Parkinson’s disease; STN stimulation; Visual working memory