title: [Prostate cancer. Part 2: Review of the various tumor grading systems over the years 1966-2015 and future perspectives of the new grading of the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)].
abstract: The continued development of methods in needle biopsies and radical prostatectomy for treatment of prostate cancer has given special emphasis to the question of the prognostic relevance of the various systems of grading. The classical purely histological grading system of Gleason has been modified several times in the past decades and cleared the way for a new grading system by the prognostic grading of Epstein. Assessment of the old and also modified combined histological and cytological grading of Mostofi, the World health Organization (WHO) and the urologic-pathological working group of prostate cancer in connection with the Gleason grading (combined Gleason-Helpap grading), has led to considerably improved rates of concordance between biopsy and radical prostatectomy and to improved estimations of prognosis beside its contribution to the development of a more practicable grading system for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie, Hegau-Bodensee-Kliniken, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus, Universität Freiburg, 78207, Postfach 720, Singen, Deutschland. burkhard.helpap@hbh-kliniken.de.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Helpap
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Zytopathologie, Institut für Pathologie, Universität Basel, Basel, Schweiz.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bubendorf
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
mesh_terms: D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D060787:Neoplasm Grading / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012955:Societies, Medical
keywords: Combined grading of Gleason/Helpap; Cytology; Gleason; Grading of Mostofi/WHO; Histology