title: Optimization of the extraction of phenolic compounds from Cyclosorus extensa with solvents of varying polarities.
abstract: The leaves of Cyclosorus extensa are used in the preparation of rice beer in Assam, India. The optimal conditions of time and temperature of fermentation for extraction of bioactive compounds from the dried leaves were obtained using response surface methodology. The central composite rotatable design was used and 13 experimental runs based on two-factor-five-level design were generated and performed for each of the solvents. The independent variables were extraction time (12 and 48 h) and temperature (25 and 55°C). The responses studied were total polyphenol content, radical scavenging activity, antibacterial activity, and antifungal activity. The analysis of variance of the test data was performed and the sequential sum of squares, F-value, R2, and adjusted R2were deduced. The predicted models for all the response variables were adequately fitted to the observed experimental data (p ≤ 0.001). The maximum extraction of bioactive compounds under the optimum conditions of extraction temperature and time for hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and distilled water were found to be 25°C for 29.43 h, 28.28°C for 41.27 h, 43.95°C for 29.61 h, and 55.00°C for 48.00 h, respectively. It was also observed that the solubility of the polyphenols was higher in methanol, followed by ethyl acetate, and the highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was shown by the ethyl acetate extracts.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Engineering and Technology , Tezpur University , Tezpur , Assam , India.
authors.forename: Arup Jyoti
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Engineering and Technology , Tezpur University , Tezpur , Assam , India.
authors.forename: Prerna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khawas
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Engineering and Technology , Tezpur University , Tezpur , Assam , India.
authors.forename: Dibyakanta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seth
authors.affiliation: b Department of Materials and Life Science , Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , Shizuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyaji
authors.affiliation: a Department of Food Engineering and Technology , Tezpur University , Tezpur , Assam , India.
authors.forename: Sankar Chandra
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Deka
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D060585:Fusariosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D064028:Tracheophyta / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents
keywords: Antimicrobial; CCRD; Cyclosorus extensa; RSM; antioxidant; phenolic compounds