title: Comparison of the GlideScope Cobalt® and Storz DCI® Video Laryngoscopes in Children Younger Than 2 Years of Age During Manual In-Line Stabilization: A Randomized Trainee Evaluation Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Video laryngoscopy facilitates tracheal intubation during manual in-line stabilization in adults, but it is not clear whether these findings translate to children. We compared trainee intubation times obtained using the GlideScope Cobalt® and Storz DCI® video laryngoscopes versus direct laryngoscopy in young children with immobilized cervical spines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three children younger than 2 years underwent laryngoscopy with manual in-line stabilization using direct laryngoscopy, GlideScope Cobalt® video laryngoscopy, or Storz DCI® video laryngoscopy. Laryngoscopists were anesthesiology trainees in postgraduate training year of 3 or more. Total time to successful intubation (TTSI), best glottic view, and maximum degrees of neck deviation were recorded. An intubation time difference longer than 10 seconds was defined as clinically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data are reported as median; 95% confidence interval. The TTSI was similar among groups although Storz times were longer (median, 33.3 seconds; 95% confidence interval, 26.2-43.3 seconds) when compared to direct laryngoscopy (median, 23.3 seconds; 95% confidence interval, 20.7-26.5 seconds; P = 0.02). Obtaining a grade 1 Cormack-Lehane glottic view was less likely with direct laryngoscopy (P = 0.002). Maximum degrees of neck deviation were: Storz (median, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.8), GlideScope (median, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-2.6), and direct laryngoscopy (median, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.1; P = 0.48).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trainees were able to safely perform tracheal intubation in children younger than 2 years using any of the studied laryngoscopes, although Storz use resulted in a longer TTSI when compared to direct laryngoscopy. Video laryngoscopy may enhance best Cormack-Lehane glottic view during manual in-line cervical spine immobilization, but additional technical skills are needed to successfully complete tracheal intubation.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA.
authors.forename: Marissa G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vadi
authors.forename: Katie J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Roddy
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ghazal
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Um
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Neiheisel
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Applegate
mesh_terms: D003035:Cobalt; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods*; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D003035:Cobalt