title: The Criteria for Convergent and Discriminant Validity in a Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix.
abstract: Two basic structures have been proposed for the data in a multitrait-multimethod matrix; additive and multiplicative. The well-known criteria for assessing convergent and discriminant validity proposed by Campbell and Fiske (1959) are shown, in general, to be inadequate for either structure. Model-specific criteria for assessing convergent and discriminant validity hold greater promise than the Campbell and Fiske criteria.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Reichardt
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Coleman