title: Cellular and subcellular imaging of motor protein-based behavior in embryonic rat brain.
abstract: Development of the cerebral cortex is a very dynamic process, involving a series of complex morphogenetic events. Following division of progenitor cells in the ventricular zone, neurons undergo a series of morphological changes and migrate outward toward the cortical plate, where they differentiate and integrate into functional circuits. Errors at several of stages during neurogenesis and migration cause a variety of severe cortical malformations. A number of disease genes encode factors associated with the cytoskeleton, which plays a crucial role throughout cortical development. Methods for regulating gene expression coupled with imaging of subcellular structures have provided important insight into the mechanisms governing normal and abnormal brain development. We describe here a series of protocols for imaging motor protein-dependent processes in real time in the developing rat brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Alexandre D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Baffet
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carabalona
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Tiago J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dantas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Doobin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Vallee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000294:innervation; D063928:Ependymoglial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
keywords: Brain development; In utero electroporation; Interkinetic nuclear migration; Live imaging; Motor proteins; Neuronal migration; Radial glial progenitors