title: Outcomes of Category I and II regimens in mono- and polyresistant tuberculosis cases in the Philippines.
abstract: METHODS
  National Tuberculosis Programme, the Philippines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare treatment outcomes of Category I and Category II regimens among mono- and/or polyresistant tuberculosis (TB) cases under programme conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort analysis of pulmonary TB patients from two data sets from the National Drug Resistance Survey and the Programmatic Management of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis by linking drug resistance patterns with treatment outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 288 Category I patients, 193 were isoniazid (INH) resistant, 42 were either ethambutol (EMB) or streptomycin (SM) resistant, and 53 were resistant to a combination of two or all three TB drugs. Of 138 Category II patients, 92 were INH-resistant, 9 were either EMB- or SM-resistant, and 37 were poly-resistant. Respectively 206 (87.7%) and 41 (77.4%) mono- and poly-resistant patients treated with the Category I regimen achieved significantly higher successful treatment outcomes, in comparison to respectively 60 (59.4%) and 15 (40.5%) mono- and poly-resistant patients treated with the Category II regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Category II regimen produced poor outcomes, whereas the Category I regimen achieved a treatment success rate of more than 85% among new patients with the same drug resistance patterns. The poor outcomes of the Category II regimen could be attributed to other factors such as patient behaviour and comorbidities, rather than drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Stop TB, World Health Organization (WHO) Representative Office in the Philippines, Manila, the Philippines.
authors.forename: W-J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lew
authors.affiliation: Stop TB, World Health Organization (WHO) Representative Office in the Philippines, Manila, the Philippines.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.affiliation: National TB Programme, Department of Health, Manila, the Philippines.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garfin
authors.affiliation: Stop TB, WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, the Philippines.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Stop TB, WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, the Philippines.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiatt
authors.affiliation: Stop TB, WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, the Philippines.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishikiori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010679:Philippines; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents