title: Identification of inflammatory factor TNFα inhibitor from medicinal herbs.
abstract: The inflammatory response is one of the first defenses our body has to fight against potential endangerments. It plays a critical role in host defense, clearing and slowing the infection in the case of microbial invasion. During an inflammatory response, a variety of cytokines are produced by cells and trigger or enhance the specific inflammation response. TNFα, one of these factors, plays a crucial role in many immune and inflammatory processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, and cell survival. It acts in orchestrating the cytokine cascade and the major regulator of inflammatory cytokine production. Abnormality of TNFα signaling leads to many diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Due to the importance of TNFα, regulating TNFα activity is a key to treat the related diseases. There is a long history of using medicinal herbs to treat diseases related to inflammation. We searched for an ingredient that has the ability to inhibit TNFα, we examined AO herbal extract, containing 10 individual herbs and most of these herbs have anti-inflammatory activity within humans. We have tested the anti-inflammatory ability of AO herbal extract on mice. Furthermore, we used macrophage cell from young mice and found that AO extract has the ability to reduce the inflammation by inhibiting TNFα level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Electronic address: hong.ye@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: A Bennett
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Jenson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, James G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010081:Oxazolone; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D010081:Oxazolone
keywords: Anti-inflammation; Medicinal herb; TNFα