title: Dirofilaria repens Microfilaremia in Three Dogs in Estonia.
abstract: In Europe, the zoonotic parasite Dirofilaria repens continues to spread northward. We describe three likely autochthonous canine microfilaremic D. repens infections from Estonia, an European Union country located in the Baltic region of northern Europe. The parasite species was confirmed with sequencing. These are new northernmost D. repens findings in Europe and show that the zoonotic parasite has spread farther north. Infection with D. repens should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for human and animal hosts also in northern Europe.
authors.affiliation: 1 Estonian University of Life Sciences , Tartu, Estonia .|2 University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland .
authors.forename: Pikka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jokelainen
authors.affiliation: 1 Estonian University of Life Sciences , Tartu, Estonia .
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Mõtsküla
authors.affiliation: 3 Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Oulu, Finland .
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heikkinen
authors.affiliation: 1 Estonian University of Life Sciences , Tartu, Estonia .
authors.forename: Epp
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ülevaino
authors.affiliation: 3 Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Oulu, Finland .
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oksanen
authors.affiliation: 1 Estonian University of Life Sciences , Tartu, Estonia .
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lassen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060348:Dirofilaria repens / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004184:Dirofilariasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D004285:Dogs; D004957:Estonia; D005260:Female; D005369:Filaricides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D005369:Filaricides
keywords: Baltic States; Dirofilariosis; Disease reservoirs; Europe; Public health; Zoonosis