title: PCR investigation of Panton-Valentine leukocidin, enterotoxin, exfoliative toxin, and agr genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from psoriasis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Staphylococcus aureus colonization is a determiner of disease activation in psoriasis patients. Here we evaluate the presence of genes encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), enterotoxins, TSST-1, exfoliative toxins, and the accessory gene regulatory locus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in S. aureus isolates obtained from healthy and diseased skin regions and anterior nares of psoriasis patients and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of PVL and toxin genes was investigated, and agr typing was performed by PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen of the isolated strains carried the sei, 1 carried the seb-sec, and 1 carried the seg enterotoxin gene. Eight of the strains carrying enterotoxin genes were isolated from nasal swabs, 6 from diseased skin swabs, and 4 from healthy skin swabs. None of the strains isolated from the control group carried the agr locus. On the other hand, 11 of the S. aureus strains isolated from the patients carried type 1, 7 carried type 1 + 3, 4 carried type 2, 4 carried type 3, and 1 carried type 1 + 2 agr loci.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enterotoxin production and the carried accessory gene regulatory locus may be important in the aggravation of psoriasis.
authors.lastname: Göçmen Jülide Sedef
authors.forename: Neriman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sahiner
authors.forename: Mukadder
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koçak
authors.forename: Zeynep Ceren
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Karahan
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D005083:Exfoliatins / Q000235:genetics*; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics*; D009666:Nose / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000382:microbiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C095698:Agr protein, Staphylococcus aureus; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D005083:Exfoliatins; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin; D015534:Trans-Activators