title: Prevalence of Malaria Infection and Risk Factors Associated with Anaemia among Pregnant Women in Semiurban Community of Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India.
abstract: The escalating burden, pathogenesis, and clinical sequel of malaria during pregnancy have combinatorial adverse impact on both mother and foetus that further perplexed the situation of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. This prompted us to evaluate the status of population at risk of MIP in Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India. Cross-sectional study was conducted over a year at Sadar Hospital, Hazaribag. Malaria was screened using blood smear and/or RDT. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin concentration. Pretested questionnaires were used to gather sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetrical data. The prevalence of MIP was 5.4% and 4.3% at ANC and DU, and 13.2% malaria was in women without pregnancy. Interestingly, majority were asymptomatically infected with P. vivax (over 85%) at ANC and DU. Peripheral parasitemia was significantly associated with fever within past week, rural origin of subjects, and first/second pregnancies in multivariate analysis, with the highest risk factor associated with fever followed by rural residence. Strikingly in cohort, anaemia was prevalent in 86% at ANC as compared to 72% at DU, whereas severe anaemia was 13.6% and 7.8% at ANC and DU. Even more anaemia prevalence was observed in MIP group (88% and 89% at ANC and DU), whereas severe anaemia was 23% and 21%, respectively. In view of observed impact of anaemia, parasitemia and asymptomatic infection of P. vivax during pregnancy and delivery suggest prompt diagnosis regardless of symptoms and comprehensive drug regime should be offered to pregnant women in association with existing measures in clinical spectrum of MIP, delivery, and its outcome.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825301, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohail
authors.affiliation: University Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825301, India.
authors.forename: Shayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shakeel
authors.affiliation: University Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825301, India.
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Aakanksha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bharti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Shri Venkateshwara University, Amroha, India.
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zahid
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (ICMR), Agam Kuan, Patna 800007, India.
authors.forename: Shadab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (ICMR), Agam Kuan, Patna 800007, India.
authors.forename: Krishn Pratap
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Medical Biology Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mazahirul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: University Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825301, India.
authors.forename: Ajay Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Female OPD, Sadar Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825301, India.
authors.forename: Sneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lata
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (ICMR), Agam Kuan, Patna 800007, India.
authors.forename: Vahab
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), Sector 8, Dawarka, Delhi 110077, India.
authors.forename: Tridibes
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adak
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (ICMR), Agam Kuan, Patna 800007, India.
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: University Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand 825301, India; Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834001, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raziuddin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic; D012307:Risk Factors