title: A systematic review of technology-based interventions for unintentional injury prevention education and behaviour change.
abstract: The aims of this literature review are to (1) summarise how computer and mobile technology-based health behaviour change applications have been evaluated in unintentional injury prevention, (2) describe how these successes can be applied to injury-prevention programmes in the future and (3) identify research gaps.
  
  
  
  Studies included in this systematic review were education and behaviour change intervention trials and programme evaluations in which the intervention was delivered by either a computer or mobile technology and addressed an unintentional injury prevention topic. Articles were limited to those published in English and after 1990.
  
  
  
  Among the 44 technology-based injury-prevention studies included in this review, 16 studies evaluated locally hosted software programmes, 4 studies offered kiosk-based programmes, 11 evaluated remotely hosted internet programmes, 2 studies used mobile technology or portable devices and 11 studies evaluated virtual-reality interventions. Locally hosted software programmes and remotely hosted internet programmes consistently increased knowledge and behaviours. Kiosk programmes showed evidence of modest knowledge and behaviour gains. Both programmes using mobile technology improved behaviours. Virtual-reality programmes consistently improved behaviours, but there were little gains in knowledge. No studies evaluated text-messaging programmes dedicated to injury prevention.
  
  
  
  There is much potential for computer-based programmes to be used for injury-prevention behaviour change. The reviewed studies provide evidence that computer-based communication is effective in conveying information and influencing how participants think about an injury topic and adopt safety behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Elise
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Omaki
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rizzutti
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Baltimore Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Martha W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Injury Research and Policy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gielen
mesh_terms: D000056:Accident Prevention / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015397:Program Evaluation; D040442:Public Health Informatics / Q000295:instrumentation; D014481:United States; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*