title: Mechanosensitive Ion Channels in Cardiovascular Physiology.
abstract: EC coupling is subjected to a mechanical feedback, which originates from physical force-sensing ion channels in the pericardium and elsewhere. Reviewed here are the most recent developments that greatly advanced our understanding of these mechanosensitive (MS) channels, including TRPs and K2p's. Patch clamp has continued to demonstrate the direct channel activation by membrane stretch. Crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy have revealed the structures of several MS channels at atomic resolution. Some have been purified to homogeneity, reconstituted into lipid bilayer, and still retain their ability to respond to stretch force. A force-from-lipid (FFL) theory has been advanced that emphasizes the strong binding between channel proteins and lipids. Through these bonds, the sharp lateral tension (akin to surface tension) of the bilayer can transmit added force to the channel protein. Like temperature sensitivity, sensitivity to mechanical force is far more pervasive than we previously realize, and is especially important to the beating heart.
authors.affiliation: Laboraotry of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Laboraotry of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loukin
authors.affiliation: Laboraotry of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53706.
authors.forename: Ching
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kung
keywords: K2p; Mechanosensitive (MS) channels; TRPs; stretch-activated channels