title: Cognitive behavioural therapy for ADHD in adults: systematic review and meta-analyses.
abstract: Systematically review and analyse the efficacy of CBT versus treatment as usual in adults with ADHD. The literature was systematically searched ending the 28 March 2014. Standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. CBT was efficacious in reducing symptoms of ADHD (SDM -1.0, 95% CI -1.5 to -0.5) when evaluated by the patients, but not when evaluated by a clinician. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were significantly reduced when self-reported (SMD -1.0, 95% CI -1.6 to -0.5 and -1.0, 95% CI -1.3 to -0.3, respectively) and evaluated by a clinician (SMD -0.9, 95% CI -1.7 to -0.2 and -0.9, 95% CI -1.6 to -0.1). The clinical global impression scores improved more in the group randomised to CBT (-1.0; 95% CI -1.6 to -0.4). CBT seems efficacious in some domains affecting adult patients with ADHD, but needs further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 10, 9000, Ålborg, Denmark. christina.j@rn.dk.|Department of Communication and Psychology, Center for Developmental and Applied Psychological Science, Aalborg University, Kroghstræde 3, 9000, Ålborg, Denmark. christina.j@rn.dk.
authors.forename: Christina Mohr
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Clinic for ADHD, Distric Psychiatry Central Denmark Region, Central Denmark Region, Søndersøparken 2, 8800, Viborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Birgitte Lind
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Amdisen
authors.affiliation: Rigshospitalet Department 7811, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, København Ø, Denmark.
authors.forename: Karsten Juhl
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Hospital Slagelse, Psychiatry Vest, Region Zealand Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University, Slagelse, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sidse M H
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Arnfred
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: ADHD; CBT; Review; Treatment