title: HIV and Sexual Risk Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: We performed a systematic review to estimate the proportion of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Asia who are bisexual and compare prevalence of HIV and sexual risk between men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) and men who have sex with men only (MSMO). Forty-eight articles based on 55 unique samples were identified from nine countries in Asia. Bisexual behaviour was common among MSM (pooled prevalence 32.8 %). Prevalence of HIV (pooled OR 0.90; 95 % CI 0.77-1.05), recent syphilis infection (pooled OR 0.99; 95 % CI 0.93-1.06) and unprotected anal intercourse (pooled OR 0.80; 95 % CI 0.57-1.11) were similar between MSMW and MSMO, but heterogeneity was high. MSMW had lower odds of reporting a prior HIV test than MSMO (OR 0.82; 95 % CI 0.70-0.95; p = 0.01, I(2) = 0 %). Targeted interventions are needed to increase uptake of HIV testing among MSMW. Increased reporting of disaggregated data in surveillance and research will help improve understanding of risk in MSMW and inform targeted interventions.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. annab@burnet.edu.au.|Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. annab@burnet.edu.au.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bowring
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.|Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veronese
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.|Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.|Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.|Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoove
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.|Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.|Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hellard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001727:Bisexuality; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D047568:Unsafe Sex
keywords: Bisexuality; HIV; Men who have sex with men; Risk behaviour; STIs; Systematic review