title: Sleep Disorders Associated With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Using Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sleep problems affect 30% to 80% of patients with mild traumatic brain injury. We assessed the prevalence of sleep disorders after mild traumatic brain injury and its correlation with other symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals with mild traumatic brain injury were assessed at the New York University Concussion Center during 2013-2014 with the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool, third edition, data following mild traumatic brain injury. The relationship between sleep problems (drowsiness, difficulty falling asleep, fatigue or low energy), psychiatric symptoms (sadness, nervousness or anxiousness), headache, and dizziness were analyzed by Spearman correlation and logistic regression using moderate to severe versus none to mild categorization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-three patients were retrospectively considered. The most common injury causes were falls (34.4%) and motor vehicle accidents (21.5%). There was a positive correlation between dizziness, headache, psychiatric problems (sadness, anxiety, irritability), and sleep problems (fatigue, drowsiness, and difficulty falling asleep) (P < 0.001). Logistic regression showed a significant association between moderate to severe psychiatric symptoms and moderate to severe sleep symptoms (P < 0.05). Sleep symptoms became more severe with increased time interval from mild traumatic brain injury to Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 administration (odds ratio = 1.005, 1.006, and 1.008, P < 0.05). There was significant correlation between motor vehicle accident and drowsiness and difficulty falling asleep (P < 0.05). Medications given in the emergency department had a positive correlation with drowsiness (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals who report moderate to severe headache, dizziness, and psychiatric symptoms have a higher likelihood of reporting moderate to severe sleep disorders following mild traumatic brain injury and should be counseled and initiated with early interventions.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Center, Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pediatrics, Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine.
authors.forename: Nataliya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tkachenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Kanwaljit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Lisena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hasanaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Sleep Center, Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York. Electronic address: Sanjeev.Kothare@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Sanjeev V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kothare
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D013177:Sports; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: SCAT3; TBI; comorbidity; sleep disorders