title: Adolescent intake of animal fat and red meat in relation to premenopausal mammographic density.
abstract: Adolescence is hypothesized to be a time period of particular susceptibility to breast cancer risk factors. Red meat and fat intake during high school was positively associated with risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII). High mammographic density is a strong predictor of breast cancer risk but there is limited research on dietary factors associated with breast density. To test the hypothesis that high intake of animal fat or red meat during adolescence is associated with mammographic density, we analyzed data from premenopausal women in the NHSII. Participants recalled adolescent diet on a high school food frequency questionnaire. We assessed absolute and percent mammographic density on digitized analog film mammograms for 687 premenopausal women with no history of cancer. We used generalized linear regression to quantify associations of adolescent animal fat and red meat intake with mammographic density, adjusting for age, body mass index, and other predictors of mammographic density. Adolescent animal fat intake was significantly positively associated with premenopausal mammographic density, with a mean percent density of 39.2 % in the lowest quartile of adolescent animal fat intake versus 43.1 % in the highest quartile (p trend: 0.03). A non-significant positive association was also observed for adolescent red meat intake (p trend: 0.14). These findings suggest that higher adolescent animal fat intake is weakly associated with percent mammographic density in premenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 1010 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. kab15@bu.edu.
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Rosemarie A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Burian
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
authors.forename: A Heather
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Eliassen
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Walter C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Rulla M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tamimi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D000071060:Breast Density; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017697:Premenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats
keywords: Adolescence; Animal fat; Breast cancer; Epidemiology; Mammographic density; Premenopausal; Red meat