title: Eugenol confers resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) by regulating the expression of SlPer1 in tomato plants.
abstract: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most devastating plant diseases, and poses a significant agricultural concern because of the lack of an efficient control method. Eugenol is a plant-derived natural compound that has been widely used as a food additive and in medicine. In the present study, we demonstrated the potential of eugenol to enhance the resistance of tomato plants to TYLCV. The anti-TYLCV efficiency of eugenol was significantly higher than that of moroxydine hydrochloride (MH), a widely used commercial antiviral agent. Eugenol application stimulated the production of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and salicylic acid (SA) in tomato plants. The full-length cDNA of SlPer1, which has been suggested to be a host R gene specific to TYLCV, was isolated from tomato plants. A sequence analysis suggested that SlPer1 might be a nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (NAT) belonging to the permease family. The transcript levels of SlPer1 increased markedly in response to treatment with eugenol or TYLCV inoculation. The results of this study also showed that SlPer1 expression was strongly induced by SA, MeJA (jasmonic acid methyl ester), and NO. Thus, we propose that the increased transcription of SlPer1 contributed to the high anti-TYLCV efficiency of eugenol, which might involve in the generation of endogenous SA and NO. Such findings provide the basis for the development of eugenol as an environmental-friendly agricultural antiviral agent.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Jie
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jing
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Gan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China.
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China. Electronic address: jacksonchen206@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, China, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China. Electronic address: jaasinput@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhiqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D053839:Begomovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000494:pharmacology; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005054:Eugenol; D020156:Salicylic Acid; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide