title: Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Hypertensive Cameroonians According to Three Common Estimators of the Glomerular Filtration Rate.
abstract: Hypertension is a risk factor for renal diseases, which, in turn, are precursors of hypertension. The authors assessed the prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among 336 hypertensive adult Cameroonians (mean age, 60.9±11.3 years; 63.4% women) at Yaoundé. Any participant with an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) regardless of the equation used (Cockcroft-Gault [CG], Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD], and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD-EPI]) and/or dipstick proteinuria was reviewed 3 months later. Participants presented a high prevalence of diabetes (18.5%), dyslipidemia (17.6%), gout/hyperuricemia (10.7%), overweight/obesity (68.8%), self-medication (37.5%), and alcohol consumption (33.3%). Hypertension was uncontrolled in 265 patients (78.9%). The prevalence of CKD was 49.7%, 50.0%, and 52.1% according to MDRD, CKD-EPI, and CG equations, respectively. Advanced age, adiposity, and severity of hypertension were determinants of CKD. Nearly half of the hypertensive patients had CKD regardless of the estimators used, predicted by well-known risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.|Department of Internal Medicine, The Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Francois Folefack
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Kaze
authors.affiliation: South African Medical Research Council, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Andre-Pascal
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kengne
authors.affiliation: Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Bangangté, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Carine Tchendjou
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Magatsing
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Marie-Patrice
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Halle
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Euloge
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yiagnigni
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, The Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Kathleen Blackett
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Ngu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index