title: All fiber-coupled, long-term stable timing distribution for free-electron lasers with few-femtosecond jitter.
abstract: We report recent progress made in a complete fiber-optic, high-precision, long-term stable timing distribution system for synchronization of next generation X-ray free-electron lasers. Timing jitter characterization of the master laser shows less than 170-as RMS integrated jitter for frequencies above 10 kHz, limited by the detection noise floor. Timing stabilization of a 3.5-km polarization-maintaining fiber link is successfully achieved with an RMS drift of 3.3 fs over 200 h of operation using all fiber-coupled elements. This all fiber-optic implementation will greatly reduce the complexity of optical alignment in timing distribution systems and improve the overall mechanical and timing stability of the system.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Şafak
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Callahan
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Kärtner