title: Salivary pathogen and serum antibody to assess the progression of chronic periodontitis: a 24-mo prospective multicenter cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A diagnosis of periodontitis progression is presently limited to clinical parameters such as attachment loss and radiographic imaging. The aim of this multicenter study was to monitor disease progression in patients with chronic periodontitis during a 24-mo follow-up program and to evaluate the amount of bacteria in saliva and corresponding IgG titers in serum for determining the diagnostic usefulness of each in indicating disease progression and stability.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 163 patients with chronic periodontitis who received trimonthly follow-up care were observed for 24 mo. The clinical parameters and salivary content of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were assessed using the modified Invader PLUS assay, and the corresponding serum IgG titers were measured using ELISA. The changes through 24 mo were analyzed using cut-off values calculated for each factor. One-way ANOVA or Fisher's exact test was used to perform between-group comparison for the data collected. Diagnostic values were calculated using Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 124 individuals who completed the 24-mo monitoring phase, 62 exhibited periodontitis progression, whereas 62 demonstrated stable disease. Seven patients withdrew because of acute periodontal abscess. The ratio of P. gingivalis to total bacteria and the combination of P. gingivalis counts and IgG titers against P. gingivalis were significantly related to the progression of periodontitis. The combination of P. gingivalis ratio and P. gingivalis IgG titers was significantly associated with the progression of periodontitis (p = 0.001, sensitivity = 0.339, specificity = 0.790).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that the combination of P. gingivalis ratio in saliva and serum IgG titers against P. gingivalis may be associated with the progression of periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morozumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Research, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawanami
authors.affiliation: Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Ohu University, Koriyama, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ohu University, Koriyama, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Dental Care, The Nippon Dental University Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of life Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makino-Oi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Bunkyo-Dori Dental Clinic, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.affiliation: Bunkyo-Dori Dental Clinic, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugano
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekino
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Numabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fukaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshinari
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.affiliation: Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fujise
authors.affiliation: Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Research, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kakuta
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Research, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takashiba
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshie
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D016866:Bacteroidaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016871:Pasteurellaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D018713:Prevotella intermedia; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: 
  Porphyromonas gingivalis
  ; periodontal stability; periodontitis progression; saliva