title: Comparison of Immunomodulation Properties of Porcine Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Derived from the Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Dermal Skin Tissue.
abstract: Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) demonstrate immunomodulation capacity that has been implicated in the reduction of graft-versus-host disease. Accordingly, we herein investigated the capacity of MSCs derived from several tissue sources to modulate both proinflammatory (interferon [IFN] γ and tumor necrosis factor [TNF] α) and immunosuppressive cytokines (transforming growth factor [TGF] β and interleukin [IL] 10) employing xenogeneic human MSC-mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) test. Bone marrow-derived MSCs showed higher self-renewal capacity with relatively slow proliferation rate in contrast to adipose-derived MSCs which displayed higher proliferation rate. Except for the lipoprotein gene, there were no marked changes in osteogenesis- and adipogenesis-related genes following in vitro differentiation; however, the histological marker analysis revealed that adipose MSCs could be differentiated into both adipose and bone tissue. TGFβ and IL10 were detected in adipose MSCs and bone marrow MSCs, respectively. However, skin-derived MSCs expressed both IFNγ and IL10, which may render them sensitive to immunomodulation. The xenogeneic human MLR test revealed that MSCs had a partial immunomodulation capacity, as proliferation of activated and resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells was not affected, but this did not differ among MSC sources. MSCs were not tumorigenic when introduced into immunodeficient mice. We concluded that the characteristics of MSCs are tissue source-dependent and their in vivo application requires more in-depth investigation regarding their precise immunomodulation capacities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea; Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science & RDA, 77 Chuksan-gil, Kwonsun-Gu, Suwon 441-706, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ock
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Raghavendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baregundi Subbarao
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ryoung-Hoon
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Lim
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Health Science, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Kwon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Science, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gyu-Jin
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rho