title: Photoinduced hydrophilic conversion of hydrated ZnO surfaces.
abstract: Here we focused on the study of the effect of the zinc oxide nano-coatings surface acidity on the surface hydrophilicity and photoinduced hydrophilic conversion. A three-step procedure was used to have the initial state of the ZnO surface free of organics and to control the conditions during the water wetting and the irradiation steps. The kinetics of photoinduced hydrophilic conversions for ZnO films were obtained and demonstrated a dependence on the initial hydrophilic state. No conversion into the superhydrophilic state was observed for ZnO nano-films independently of the surface acidity. Irradiation in the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions showed the existence of "slow" and "fast" processes in the photoinduced hydrophilic conversion of the ZnO surface. A multi-layered model of hydroxyl-hydrated coverage of the surface is proposed to explain the experimental results.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials", Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia. Electronic address: arudakova@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Aida V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rudakova
authors.affiliation: Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials", Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
authors.forename: Ulyana G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Oparicheva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials", Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
authors.forename: Anastasiya E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Grishina
authors.affiliation: Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials", Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
authors.forename: Anna A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Murashkina
authors.affiliation: Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials", Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexei V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Emeline
authors.affiliation: Laboratory "Photoactive Nanocomposite Materials", Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Peterhof, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia. Electronic address: bahnemann@iftc.uni-hannover.de.
authors.forename: Detlef W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bahnemann
keywords: Dip-coating; Hydroxyl-hydrated coverage; Nano-coating; Photoinduced hydrophilic conversion; Sol–gel synthesis; Surface acidity; Surface total energy; Zinc oxide