title: Clinical Options in Relapsed or Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Updated Review.
abstract: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a potentially curable lymphoma, and modern therapy is expected to successfully cure more than 80% of the patients. Second-line salvage high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) have an established role in the management of refractory and relapsed HL, leading to long-lasting responses in approximately 50% of relapsed patients and a minority of refractory patients. Patients progressing after intensive treatments, such as auto-SCT, have a very poor outcome. Allogeneic SCT represents the only strategy with a curative potential for these patients; however, its role is controversial. Based on recent knowledge of HL pathology, biology, and immunology, antibody-drug conjugates targeting CD30, small molecule inhibitors of cell signaling, and antibodies that inhibit immune checkpoints are currently explored. This review will discuss the clinical results regarding auto-SCT and allo-SCT as well as the current role of emerging new treatment strategies.
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera BMM, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fedele
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera BMM, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza, 87051 Aprigliano, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Grazia
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Recchia
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera BMM, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Irrera
authors.affiliation: Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, 87100 Cosenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza, 87051 Aprigliano, Italy; Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, 87100 Cosenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Fortunato
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morabito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors