title: Risk assessment of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via shrimp (Macrobrachium felicinum) consumption along the Imo River catchments, SE Nigeria.
abstract: Shrimp species (Macrobrachium felicinum) collected from estuarine mangrove area of the Imo River is an important route of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The estuarine associated sediment (EAS) composited sample showed higher TPAH, ΣAlkyl, ΣPAHcarcand ΣPAHEPAconcentrations (550.84, 172.36, 413.17 and 482.11 ng/g dry weight-dw) than their mean concentrations in shrimp samples (509.39 ± 354.21, 31.38 ± 18.49, 52.10 ± 1.35 and 460.06 ± 330.76 ng/g wet weight-ww), respectively. Among the individual PAHs congeners, phenanthrene was the dominant species detected in the EAS accounting for 21.02 % of the total PAH load and the decreasing order of 3- > 2- > 5- > 4- > 6-ring contamination was found. A different pattern predominated by naphthalene was observed for the shrimp species, suggesting that the organisms have different selectivity for a range of PAHs congeners. These variations may be attributed to different degree of bioavailability of these compounds, characteristic sandy lithology of the EAS and the protective capacity of soot particles associated with liquid fossil fuel combustion masking the uptake of high molecular weight PAHs by the organisms. Cancer risk associated with consumption of shrimps in the region was assessed using estimated daily intake (EDI) and compared with standards. The EDI values for naphthalene, benzo(a)pyrene and ∑PAHcarcwere lower than the USEPA benchmarks and EFSA levels of concern values for adult and children population, suggesting low probability of developing cancer.
authors.affiliation: Environmental/Petroleum Geochemistry Research Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Miranda I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Dosunmu
authors.affiliation: Environmental/Petroleum Geochemistry Research Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. inyangoyoita@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Inyang O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Oyo-Ita
authors.affiliation: Environmental/Petroleum Geochemistry Research Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Orok E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Oyo-Ita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009549:Nigeria; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers; D012758:Shellfish; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Human exposure; PAHs; Risk assessment; Shrimps and Imo River