title: Induction of melasma by 1064-nm Q-switched neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser therapy for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (Hori nevus): A study on related factors in the Chinese population.
abstract: Laser treatment has emerged as a common treatment modality for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM). To identify the ratio of melasma induction and exacerbation before and after laser therapy for ABNOM and to observe the risk factors related to the induction and exacerbation of melasma by laser therapy, we analyzed related factors of 1268 adult Chinese patients who underwent 1064-nm Q-switched neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (QNYL) treatment using case series and case-control studies. Overall, 24.0% of the ABNOM patients had mixed melasma. Among the ABNOM patients without melasma, after laser therapy the development of melasma was more frequently noted in patients older than 35 years (P < 0.0001), as well in patients whose ABNOM was less than 10 cm(2) (P = 0.027), ABNOM were light (similar to yellow-brown) in color (P = 0.021) and skin types were closer to type IV (P < 0.0001). New melasma lesions also appeared most frequently in the zygomatic region (P < 0.0001). Among the ABNOM patients with melasma, 89.5% experienced worsening of their melasma, irrespective of their related factors above. We concluded that the risk of inducing melasma is great after 1064-nm QNYL treatment in ABNOM patients, and particularly in the patients with both ABNOM and melasma. ABNOM patients should be treated as early as possible and before the age of 35 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cosmetology, Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemic and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Yong
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Fen
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.|Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000009:adverse effects*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008548:Melanosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009507:Nevus of Ota / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Hori nevus; Q-switched neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser; acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules; melasma; related factors