title: Land use mix and five-year mortality in later life: Results from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study.
abstract: This study explores the potential modifying effect of age and mediation effect of co-morbidity on the association between land use mix, a measure of neighbourhood walkability, and five-year mortality among the 2424 individuals participating in the year-10 follow-up of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study in England. Postcodes of participants were mapped onto Lower-layer Super Output Areas, a small area level geographical unit in the UK, and linked to Generalised Land Use data. Cox regression models were fitted to investigate the association. For the younger older age group (75-79 years), the effect of high land use mix on an elevated risk of mortality was mediated by co-morbidity. For older old age groups (80-84, 85+ years), a higher land use mix was directly associated with a 10% lower risk of five-year mortality. The findings suggest differential impacts of land use mix on the health of the younger and older old.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom. Electronic address: y.wu3@exeter.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Yu-Tzu
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A Matthew
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Prina
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Linda E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Fiona E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brayne
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012042:Registries; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D016138:Walking
keywords: Land use mix; Mortality; Neighbourhood; Older people