title: Development of a global hospital self-assessment tool and prioritization tier system based on FIP's Basel Statements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to develop and pilot a hospital self-assessment tool and prioritization system for hospitals to evaluate their pharmacy practice performance against the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)'s Basel Statements.
  
  
  METHODS
  To develop the self-assessment tool, we reviewed the Basel statements to identify characteristics that could be measured at the individual hospital level and finalized these based on feedback from five cognitive interviews. The survey instrument was pilot tested in four countries; two high-, one lower middle- and one low-income country. Participants were electronically sent the survey tool and enrolled through the snowball sampling method. Tiers were developed by investigators to assist hospitals in prioritizing the achievement of Basel Statement practices. Tiers were validated by the Hospital Section chairs of FIP through a card sorting exercise. Simple agreement and Cohen's kappa was used to characterize inter-rater reliability. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four survey responses were collected from 36 hospitals in four countries. The survey response rate was 29% and took an average of 26 minutes to complete. The overall average agreement of constructs was 83%. The survey characterized how far a hospital was to achieving the Basel Statement practices with an average achievement rate of 57% (ranging from 30% to 90%). The survey highlighted medication safety challenges facing the pharmacy profession. The results produced a benchmarking report for each respondent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results support the validity and reliability of the survey tool. This comprehensive survey tool can be used by institutions to track their progress towards achieving the Basel Statement practices.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Education, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.|UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Kayley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.affiliation: UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Blalock
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Tina Penick
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Henri R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Manasse
authors.affiliation: UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.|Department of Pharmacy, UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Eckel
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies / Q000592:standards*; D007630:Kenya; D009850:Oman; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D010679:Philippines; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011780:Qatar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: clinical practice; evidence based practice; medicines management; professional training; ward pharmacy