title: Producing air-stable monolayers of phosphorene and their defect engineering.
abstract: It has been a long-standing challenge to produce air-stable few- or monolayer samples of phosphorene because thin phosphorene films degrade rapidly in ambient conditions. Here we demonstrate a new highly controllable method for fabricating high quality, air-stable phosphorene films with a designated number of layers ranging from a few down to monolayer. Our approach involves the use of oxygen plasma dry etching to thin down thick-exfoliated phosphorene flakes, layer by layer with atomic precision. Moreover, in a stabilized phosphorene monolayer, we were able to precisely engineer defects for the first time, which led to efficient emission of photons at new frequencies in the near infrared at room temperature. In addition, we demonstrate the use of an electrostatic gate to tune the photon emission from the defects in a monolayer phosphorene. This could lead to new electronic and optoelectronic devices, such as electrically tunable, broadband near infrared lighting devices operating at room temperature.
authors.affiliation: Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.|School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Jiajie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.affiliation: CUDOS, Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.affiliation: Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Xibin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Zongfu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: CUDOS, Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Duk-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: CUDOS, Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luther-Davies
authors.affiliation: Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Yuerui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu