title: Collagen Membranes Adsorb the Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor I Kinase-Dependent Activity of Enamel Matrix Derivative.
abstract: Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and collagen membranes (CMs) are simultaneously applied in regenerative periodontal surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of two CMs and a collagen matrix to adsorb the activity intrinsic to EMD that provokes transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling in oral fibroblasts.
  
  
  
  Three commercially available collagen products were exposed to EMD or recombinant TGF-β1, followed by vigorous washing. Oral fibroblasts were either seeded directly onto collagen products or were incubated with the respective supernatant. Expression of TGF-β target genes interleukin (IL)-11 and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) was evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction. Proteomic analysis was used to study the fraction of EMD proteins binding to collagen.
  
  
  
  EMD or TGF-β1 provoked a significant increase of IL-11 and PRG4 expression of oral fibroblasts when seeded onto collagen products and when incubated with the respective supernatant. Gene expression was blocked by the TGF-β receptor I kinase inhibitor SB431542. Amelogenin bound most abundantly to gelatin-coated culture dishes. However, incubation of palatal fibroblasts with recombinant amelogenin did not alter expression of IL-11 and PRG4.
  
  
  
  These in vitro findings suggest that collagen products adsorb a TGF-β receptor I kinase-dependent activity of EMD and make it available for potential target cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stähli
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.|Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Miron
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.|Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern.
authors.forename: Dieter D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bosshardt
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sculean
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.|Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern.|Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000502:physiology*; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006801:Humans; D040901:Proteomics; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors
chemical_list: D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors; D003094:Collagen
keywords: Collagen; gene expression; guided tissue regeneration; interleukin-11; proteoglycans; transforming growth factor beta1