title: Identification of Differentially Expressed Long Non-coding RNAs in Polarized Macrophages.
abstract: Macrophages display remarkable plasticity, with the ability to undergo dynamic transition between classically and alternatively activated phenotypes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are more than 200 nucleotides in length and play roles in various biological pathways. However, the role of lncRNAs in regulating macrophage polarization has yet to be explored. In this study, lncRNAs expression profiles were determined in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) incubated in conditions causing activation toward M(IFN-γ + LPS) or M(IL-4) phenotypes. Compared with primary MDMs, 9343 lncRNAs and 5903 mRNAs were deregulated in M(IFN-γ + LPS) group (fold change ≥ 2.0, P < 0.05), 4592 lncRNAs and 3122 mRNAs were deregulated in M(IL-4) group. RT-qPCR results were generally consistent with the microarray data. Furthermore, we found that TCONS_00019715 is expressed at a higher level in M(IFN-γ + LPS) macrophages than in M(IL-4) macrophages. TCONS_00019715 expression was decreased when M(IFN-γ + LPS) converted to M(IL-4) whereas increased when M(IL-4) converted to M(IFN-γ + LPS). Knockdown of TCONS_00019715 following the activation of THP-1 cellls using IFN-γ and LPS diminished the expression of M(IFN-γ + LPS) markers, and elevated the expression of M(IL-4) markers. These data show a significantly altered lncRNA and mRNA expression profile in macrophages exposure to different activating conditions. Dysregulation of some of these lncRNAs may play important roles in regulating macrophage polarization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Zikun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Province Blood Center, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Fangyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Jianqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Yating
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Junming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015847:Interleukin-4