title: Extracellular vesicles in breast cancer drug resistance and their clinical application.
abstract: Drug resistance currently represents a daunting challenge in the treatment of breast cancer patients. With an increased understanding of the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the development of chemo-insensitivity attracts extensive attention. EVs are membrane-limited, cell type-dependent vesicles that are secreted by normal or malignant cells. EVs comprise various types of contents, including genetic cargoes, proteins, and specific lipids. The characteristics of the contents determine their specific functions in not only physiological but also pathological conditions. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs and proteins in EVs are strongly correlated with breast cancer drug resistance. Additionally, they may exert an influence on de novo and acquired resistance bioprocesses. With the advances in extraction and detection technologies, EVs have also been employed to precisely diagnose and predict the outcome of therapy in breast cancer. On the other hand, they can also be exploited as efficient delivery system in future anticancer applications. In this paper, we summarized relative mechanisms concerning the relationship between EVs and breast cancer drug resistance, and then, we provide up-to-date research advances in the clinical application of EVs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.|Cadet Brigade of the Fourth Military Medical University, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Shentong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yifang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yuqiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. jipengli1974@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Jipeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. biozhangj@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000502:physiology; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 / Q000502:physiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D055354:Exosomes / Q000502:physiology; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins
keywords: Biological markers; Breast cancer; Drug resistance; Exosome; Microvesicles; Therapeutics