title: Laparoscopic excision of a ciliated hepatic foregut cyst in a child: A case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ciliated hepatic foregut cysts (CHFC) are rare congenital hepatic lesions derived from the embryonic foregut. Because of potential transformation to squamous cell carcinoma in adulthood, the mainstay of therapy is surgical resection. To our knowledge, we report the first case of CHFC in a child that was successfully excised laparoscopically.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a 4-year-old boy that was diagnosed with an asymptomatic 5-cm liver cyst. After surveillance for 3 years, the cyst grew to 7 cm at which time it was successfully resected laparoscopically. The pathology was consistent with CHFC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There have been few previous reports of CHFCs in children, all of which described excision via a laparotomy. This is the first case report of laparoscopic resection of CHFC in a child.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case report suggests that laparoscopy may be safe and effective for resection of CHFCs with favorable anatomy such as peripheral location and noninvolvement of key vascular and biliary structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Ave, A120, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Bruns
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Ave, A120, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Sofya H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Asfaw
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Ave, A120, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Stackhouse
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Ave, A120, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Gavin A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Ave, A120, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Ave, A120, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Federico G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Seifarth
keywords: CHFC, congenital hepatic foregut cyst; Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst; Hepatic cyst; Laparoscopy; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; Pediatric; US, ultrasound