title: Differential Properties of Human ALP+Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells vs Their ALP-Counterparts.
abstract: Characterizing subpopulations of stem cells is important to understand stem cell properties. Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is associated with mineral tissue forming cells as well as stem cells. Information regarding ALP subpopulation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) is limited. In the present study, we examined ALP+and ALP-hPDLSC subpopulations, their surface markers STRO-1 and CD146, and the expression of stemness genes at various cell passages. We found that ALP+subpopulation had higher levels of STRO-1 (30.6 ± 5.6%) and CD146 (90.4 ± 3.3%) compared to ALP-(STRO-1: 0.5 ± 0.1%; CD146: 75.3 ± 7.2%). ALP+cells expressed significantly higher levels of stemness associated genes,NANOG, OCT4andSOXthan ALP-cells at low cell passages of 2-3 (p<0.05). ALP+and ALP-cells had similar osteogenic, chondrogenic and neurogenic potential while ALP-, not ALP+cells, lacked adipogenic potential. Upon continuous culturing and passaging, ALP+continued to express higher stemness genes and STRO-1 and CD146 than ALP-cells at ≥passage 19. Under conditions (over-confluence and vitamin C treatment) when ALP+subpopulation was increased, the stemness gene levels of ALP+was no longer significantly higher than those in ALP-cells. In conclusion, ALP+hPDLSCs possess differential properties from their ALP-counterparts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Memphis, USA.
authors.forename: Zongdong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA.|Département d'endodontie, Faculte de medicine dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Memphis University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
authors.forename: Quynh T
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Memphis, USA.
authors.forename: Ikbale
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El-Ayachi
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Memphis, USA.
authors.forename: Fazal-Ur-Rehman
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Rayan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bahabri
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Mey
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Habib
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Memphis, USA.|Department of Endodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: George Tj
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: ALP; Adipogenesis; Alkaline phosphatase; BSP; CD146; Chondrogenesis; Human periodontal ligament stem cells; MSCs; Mesenchymal stem cells; NANOG; Neurogenesis; OCN; OCT4; Osteogenic induction; PDLSCs; RUNX2; SOX2; STRO-1; Stemness genes; Subpopulation