title: Non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases treated with first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy: Analysis from the European FRAME study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report on a post-hoc analysis of patients with brain metastases from a large prospective observational study of first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim was to describe baseline characteristics of NSCLC patients with brain metastases, understand their first-line treatment and report outcomes attained in real-world settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  This post-hoc analysis included all patients in the European observational FRAME study who had brain metastases at initiation of first-line treatment. Descriptive statistics were used for continuous and categorical variables and survival outcomes were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data showed that 17% of patients (263/1564) had spread of the disease to the brain at initiation of first-line treatment. Patients with brain metastases were slightly younger, and more likely to have NSCLC of non-squamous histology than the overall study sample. 34% had received prior palliative radiotherapy to the brain. Our analysis showed a median overall survival (OS) of 7.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.1-8.2] for all patients with brain metastases treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, ranging from 5.6 months for those treated with gemcitabine plus platinum up to 9.3 months for those treated with pemetrexed plus platinum. Further analysis showed that patients with brain metastases were more frequently treated with pemetrexed platinum-doublet therapy than with any other regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our analysis provides a unique set of real-world data which adds to current understanding about treatment decisions and outcomes for NSCLC patients with brain metastases for whom there is little clinical trial data available.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Oncologie Thoracique-Pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble, INSERM U823, Grenoble, France. Electronic address: DMoro-Sibilot@chu-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moro-Sibilot
authors.affiliation: Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Egbert
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Castro Carpeño
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lesniewski-Kmak
authors.affiliation: Amphia Hospital Breda, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joachim G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Aerts
authors.affiliation: Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Villatoro
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Houten, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kraaij
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nacerddine
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Yulia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dyachkova
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Karen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Allicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Girvan
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Houten, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Visseren-Grul
authors.affiliation: Institut für Allgemeine und Spezielle Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Saarland, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schnabel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010984:Platinum / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019233:Retreatment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010984:Platinum
keywords: Carboplatin; Cisplatin; Metastases; Non-small cell lung cancer; Observational study