title: Incidence and Clinical Course of Respiratory Viral Coinfections in Children Aged 0-59 Months.
abstract: Clinical data available on coinfections are contradictory concerning both the number of viruses involved and the severity of the condition. A total of 114 patients aged 0-59 months with symptoms of respiratory tract infection were enrolled into the study. Nasal and pharyngeal swabs were tested using the PCR method for the following 12 viruses: influenza A, influenza B, respiratory syncytial virus A (RSV A), respiratory syncytial virus B (RSV B), adenovirus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus 229E/NL63 (hCoV229), coronavirus OC43 (hCoVOC43), parainfluenza virus 1 (PIV-1), parainfluenza virus 2 (PIV-2), parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV-3), and rhinovirus A/B. Coinfections were detected in nine (8 %) patients. Five of the coinfections were related to influenza A (H3N2) virus associated with the following other, single or combined, respiratory viruses: influenza B in one case, hCoV229 in two cases, hCoV229, RSV A, and PIV-2 in one case, and PIV-1, PIV-2, RSV A, RSV B, and adenovirus in one case. The other four coinfections were caused by: adenovirus and hCoVOC43, adenovirus, and rhinovirus, RSV A and PIV-1, influenza B, and RSV B. We did not observe any significant differences in the clinical course of infections caused either by a single or multiple viral factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 1A Banacha St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland. anitsch@wum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nitsch-Osuch
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics with Medical Assessment Unit, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuchar
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 1A Banacha St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topczewska-Cabanek
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 1A Banacha St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wardyn
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 1A Banacha St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Życińska
authors.affiliation: National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brydak
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017934:Coronavirus / Q000235:genetics; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000235:genetics; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D010223:Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human / Q000235:genetics; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000235:genetics; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000235:genetics; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000235:genetics
keywords: Children; Coinfection; Etiology; Pathogenesis of infection; Respiratory tract disease; Virus