title: Simple convergent-nozzle aerosol injector for single-particle diffractive imaging with X-ray free-electron lasers.
abstract: A major challenge in high-resolution x-ray free-electron laser-based coherent diffractive imaging is the development of aerosol injectors that can efficiently deliver particles to the peak intensity of the focused X-ray beam. Here, we consider the use of a simple convergent-orifice nozzle for producing tightly focused beams of particles. Through optical imaging we show that 0.5 μm particles can be focused to a full-width at half maximum diameter of 4.2 μm, and we demonstrate the use of such a nozzle for injecting viruses into a micro-focused soft-X-ray FEL beam.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kirian
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Awel
authors.affiliation: Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University , Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eckerskorn
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fleckenstein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiedorn
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adriano
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bajt
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barthelmess
authors.affiliation: European XFEL GmbH , 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Beyerlein
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: L M G
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chavas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domaracky
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heymann
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Horke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knoska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oberthuer
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.affiliation: Center for Free-Electron Laser Science , DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yefanov
authors.affiliation: Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University , Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rode
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Küpper
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Chapman