title: Dietary intake in Japanese patients with kidney transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kidney transplantation may release the patient receiving dialysis therapy in their life style, especially in restriction of dietary intake. However, their renal functions are not enough to take daily diet without any restriction. In Japan, we have neither standard of diet intake for them, nor data to build it.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary intake and its satisfaction were surveyed in 62 outpatients who received kidney transplantation in Keio University Hospital using brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cross-sectional research was carried out in 2013. Estimated GFR of the object was 42 ± 16 ml/min/1.73 m2. One patient was CKD G1 stage, five in G2, 17 in G3a, 24 in G3b, 14 in G4, and one in G5. Urinary protein was shown in 30 % of patients. Their daily intake was 29 ± 8 kcal/kg of energy, 1.1 ± 0.4 g/kg of protein, 9.9 ± 3.6 g of salt. Protein and salt intakes were over comparing the respective standards for CKD in Japan. The patient who have dissatisfaction for their daily diet was significantly decreased from 79 to 4 % after their kidney transplantation. Attentions to overtake were significantly reduced after kidney transplantation from 56 to 8 % for potassium, 55 to 21 % for salt, 50 to 16 % for protein, 35 to 3 % for calcium/phosphate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in daily diet of the patients with dialysis and kidney transplantation were recognized. The patients who received kidney transplantation would take daily diet according to their renal function although they do not have specific standards.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yume
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition Management, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Onda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Medicine, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. kannoyh@tokyo-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2481-2372
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000209:etiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: Daily intake; Guideline; National; Renal function