title: Trait and State Craving as Indicators of Validity of VR-based Software for Binge Eating Treatment.
abstract: The aim of this study was to establish whether virtual reality (VR) exposure to food cues is able to produce craving levels consistent with state-craving and trait-craving as assessed by the Spanish and Italian versions of the State and Trait Food Craving Questionnaires (FCQ-T/S). The results were compared in 40 patients with eating disorders (17 with binge eating disorder, 23 with bulimia nervosa) and 78 healthy control subjects without eating disorders. Controls and patients with higher levels of trait-craving and state-craving both showed a greater desire to eat during VR exposure. Results also showed that trait and state craving assessed by FCQ-T/S were able to predict the total mean craving experienced during exposure to the VR software in both clinical and control samples. These findings present preliminary evidence about the validity of a new virtual reality-based application for cue-exposure treatment in patients with eating disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pla-Sanjuanelo
authors.affiliation: Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Maldonado
authors.affiliation: Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ferran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vilalta-Abella
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Igualada General Hospital, Spain.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andreu-Gracia
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dakanalis
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL and CIBEROBN, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Aranda
authors.affiliation: Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fusté-Escolano
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Igualada General Hospital, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ribas-Sabaté
authors.affiliation: Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab., Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.affiliation: Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments. Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saldaña
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL and CIBEROBN, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002605:Character; D066249:Craving; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D007171:Implosive Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012984:Software; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D000076142:Virtual Reality; D055815:Young Adult