title: Spironolactone Effect in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, often associated with liver surgery, is an unresolved problem in the clinical practice. Spironolactone is an antagonist of aldosterone that has shown benefits over IR injury in several tissues, but its effects in hepatic IR are unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of spironolactone on IR-induced damage in liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total hepatic ischemia was induced in rats for 20 min followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Spironolactone was administered and hepatic injury, cytokine production, and oxidative stress were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After IR, increased transaminases levels and widespread acute inflammatory infiltrate, disorganization of hepatic hemorrhage trabeculae, and presence of apoptotic bodies were observed. Administration of SPI reduced biochemical and histological parameters of liver injury. SPI treatment increased IL-6 levels when compared with IR group but did not modify either IL-1β or TNF-α with respect to IR group. Regarding oxidative stress, increased levels of catalase activity were recorded in IR + SPI group in comparison with group without treatment, whereas MDA levels were similar in IR + SPI and IR groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spironolactone reduced the liver damage induced by IR, and this was associated with an increase in IL-6 production and catalase activity.
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Julio César Jiménez
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Victoria "Bicentenario 2010", 87087 Cuidad Victoria, TAMPS, Mexico.
authors.forename: Araní Casillas
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Liliana Torres
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Linda Elsa Muñoz
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.affiliation: Transplant Service, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Marlene Marisol Perales
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gabriela Alarcón
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Galván
authors.affiliation: Transplant Service, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Homero Zapata
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Chavira
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier Guzmán
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: de la Garza
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos Rodrigo Cámara
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lemarroy
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nancy Esthela Fernández
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Garza
authors.affiliation: Transplant Service, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Edelmiro Pérez
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González", The Autonomous University of Nuevo León, 64460 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
authors.forename: Paula Cordero
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D013148:Spironolactone