title: [Development on the Diabetes Self-management Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Assessment Scale (DSKAB)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop The Diabetes Self-management Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Scale (DSKAB) with Chinese population social culture character in a good validity and reliability after Delphi method and pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study based on former knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaires, an index list was established through literature search, group discussion, and expert in-depth interviews. Then we identified the core indexes and developed a primary scale through the Delphi. We selected 24 experts who specialized in the field of diabetes related clinical medicine, non-communicable diseases self-management, non-communicable diseases control and prevention, and public health. The consultation tables were delivered by EMS and Email. All the experts were asked to grade the evaluation indexes based on overall consideration finality, scientificity, importance, applicability, and to explain the extent of similarity and the basis of judgment. The core indexes of the scale were determined through the positive coefficient, the degree of concentration, the harmonious coefficient, the authoritative coefficient. We selected 27 diabetes patients from the community, and interviewed them face to face. After finishing the field survey, we organized the staff who investigated the patients to participate the panel discussion, to modify and adjust the items formed the scale knowledge attitude behavior of self-management for patients with diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two rounds of Delphi both reclaimed 20 experts(') responses, the positive coefficients were 83% and 100% respectively, the authoritative coefficients were 0.85 ± 0.10 and 0.87 ± 0.09, the harmonious coefficients were 0.16 and 0.23 (χ(2) were 283.49 and 398.00, P<0.001) respectively. We identified 75 core indexes through two-round Delphi, 86.30% (63/75) indexes had the importance of full marks than in 0.50 above, it developed the primary scale which included 100 items. Based on the pilot study, we increased 2 items, deleted 4 items, recomposed 2 items and reserved 96 items, the scale consisted of 98 items that were made of three subscales which were the knowledge subscale, the attitude subscale and the behavior subscale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For DSKAB through Delphi method and pilot study, the active coefficients, the authoritative coefficients, the harmonious coefficients fulfilled the scientific requires, it also laid the foundation for the good performance of the scale.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Changfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nongping
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D003697:Delphi Technique; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care