title: Cytotoxic effects induced by patulin, sterigmatocystin and beauvericin on CHO-K1 cells.
abstract: Mycotoxins are produced by different genera of fungi; mainly Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. The natural co-occurrence of beauvericin (BEA), patulin (PAT) and sterigmatocystin (STE) has been proved in feed and food commodities. This study investigates the cytotoxicity of individual and combined mycotoxins BEA, PAT and STE. The cytotoxicity on immortalized ovarian cells (CHO-K1) was evaluated using the MTT assay. After 24, 48 and 72 h, the IC50 values were 2.9 μM for PAT and ranged from 10.7 to 2.2 μM and from 25.0 to 12.5 μM for BEA and STE, respectively. Cytotoxic interactions were assayed by the isobologram method, which provides a combination index (CI) value as a quantitative measure of the three mycotoxin interaction's degree. Binary and tertiary combinations showed a dose dependent effect. At low fraction affected, mycotoxin combinations were synergetic; whereas, at higher fraction affected, the combinations showed additive effect. Our results indicate that the co-occurrence of low concentrations of mycotoxin in food may increase their toxic effects.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Nidhal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zouaoui
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vincent Andrés Estelles, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mallebrera
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vincent Andrés Estelles, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Houda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Berrada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Salwa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abid-Essefi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Hassen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bacha
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vincent Andrés Estelles, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: M.Jose.Ruiz@uv.es.
authors.forename: Maria-Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ruiz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D047630:Depsipeptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010365:Patulin / Q000633:toxicity*; D013241:Sterigmatocystin / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D047630:Depsipeptides; D013241:Sterigmatocystin; C004456:beauvericin; D010365:Patulin
keywords: Beauvericin; CHO–K1 cells; Interaction effects; Patulin; Sterigmatocystin