title: Rosmarinic Acid, a New Polyphenol from Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. Leaf: A Probable Compound for Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity.
abstract: Despite several pharmacological applications of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour., studies on the influence of its polyphenol content on pharmacological activity such as anti-inflammatory properties have been scarce. Here we evaluated in vitro antioxidant activity, poyphenolics by HPLC and the anti-inflammatory potential of the methanolic leaf extract of Baccaurea ramiflora (BME) and its protective effects in carrageenan-induced paw edema model of inflammation in rats. The BME extract contained 79.06 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g total polyphenols, 28.80 ± 0.01 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g flavonoid and 29.42 ± 0.01 μg cathechin equivalent/g proanthocyanidin respectively and rosmarinic acid (8 mg/kg) as a main component was identified by HPLC. Results demonstrate that administration of BME at the dose of 200 mg/kg can reduce paw edema by over 63%, and it exhibits a dose-response effect. Depending on concentration, the extract exerted scavenging activity on DPPH radical (IC50 36.4 μg/mL), significantly inhibited IL-1β (4.4 pg/mg protein) and TNF-α (0.21 ng/μg protein). Therefore, we conclude BME causes a substantial reduction of inflammation in in vivo models. We propose that rosmarinic acid and similar phenolic compounds may be useful in the therapy of inflammation-related injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore-560012, India. ushatalambedu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Talambedu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Usha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women, Bangalore-560012, India. sushil.middha@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sushil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Middha
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Kalimpong College, Kalimpong-734301, India. malaykpgc@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Malay
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.affiliation: Padmashree Institute of Management and Science, Bangalore-560060, India. connectloki@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lokesh
authors.affiliation: Bamboo Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar-783370, India. arvindgoyal210883@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Arvind Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Goyal
keywords: Baccaurea ramiflora; anti-inflammatory activity; cytokines; rosmarinic acid