title: Assessment of safety and interferon gamma responses of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine in goat kids and milking goats.
abstract: Vaccination of domestic animals has emerged as an alternative long-term strategy for the control of tuberculosis (TB). A trial under field conditions was conducted in a TB-free goat herd to assess the safety of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine. Eleven kids and 10 milking goats were vaccinated with BCG. Bacterial shedding and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) responses were monitored throughout the study. Comprehensive pathological examination and mycobacterial culture of target tissues were performed. BCG vaccine strain was only isolated from the draining lymph node of the injection site of a kid euthanized at week 8 post-vaccination. The remaining animals were euthanized at week 24. Six out of 20 showed small granulomas at the injection site. BCG shedding was not detected in either faeces or in milk throughout the study. All vaccinated kids showed BCG-induced IFN-γ responses at week 8 post-vaccination. BCG vaccination of goats showed no lack of biological safety for the animals, environment and public health, and local adverse reactions were negligible.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: bernat.perez@irta.cat.
authors.forename: Bernat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pérez de Val
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Enric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: López-Soria
authors.affiliation: Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Zoraida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cervera
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Maite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca i Alimentació de la Generalitat de Catalunya, 08007 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mercader
authors.affiliation: Lionex Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, D-38126 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Mahavir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Thermo Fisher Scientific, Schlieren, 8952 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raeber
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA)-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domingo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057138:Bacterial Shedding; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006041:Goats; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis; D011897:Random Allocation; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: BCG; DIVA; Goats; Interferon gamma; Safety; Tuberculosis