title: Association of TNF-α G308A gene polymorphism in essential hypertensive patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: This study aims to investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) G308A gene polymorphism on essential hypertension (EHT) with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The project was conducted on buccal epithelial and blood cells for case and control patients, respectively. Epithelial cells were obtained from the inner part of the cheeks. Techniques including DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were utilized to assess biomarkers of DNA damage. Our results demonstrated significant differences between wild and mutated genotypes among EHT patients without T2DM. We also found a significant association between wild and mutated allele frequencies in EHT patients (P < 0.05). Clinical characteristics between the groups (EHT with or without T2DM and controls) showed statistically significant association (P < 0.05). Overall, we show that G308A polymorphism of the TNF-αgene may be a significant genetic risk factor for EHT without T2DM patients in Malaysia.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Research Group, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghodsian
authors.affiliation: Department of Language Science, Payam-e-Nur University, Tehran, Varamin, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akhlaghi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.affiliation: Genetic Research Group, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.affiliation: Genetic Research Group, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haghvirdizadeh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Gerontology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Eshkoor
authors.affiliation: Genetic Research Group, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Etemad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jamaluddin
authors.affiliation: Genetic Research Group, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D000075222:Essential Hypertension; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha