title: Primary Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Nipple.
abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common cutaneous cancers; however, primary squamous cell carcinoma of the nipple is extremely rare. Among the few reported cases, the majority have occurred in older women with rare cases seen in younger women and male patients. Our patient presented with an exophytic mass of the right nipple while pregnant. A superficial biopsy was reviewed at an outside institution and then at our institution and diagnosed as squamous papilloma and then as hyperkeratosis of the nipple, respectively. The subsequent excisional biopsy revealed multiple nests of tumor cells extending into the dermis with associated chronic inflammatory infiltrate, and the lesion was diagnosed as a primary invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the nipple. Following that, a wide local excision of the excision site and sampling of the regional lymph nodes were negative for carcinoma. Due to the rarity of this diagnosis, it is not known whether prognosis and response to therapy differ from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma at other sites. Therefore, risk stratification and therapy have been based on those for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7525, USA.
authors.forename: Avani A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pendse
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7525, USA.
authors.forename: Siobhan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: O'Connor