title: [Levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum of mice after the sheep skin acellular dermal matrix transplant].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the immunogenicity of self-made sheep skin acellular dermal matrix (ADM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Both cross-linked and non-crosslinked ADMs were made after the sheep skin ADM was ready. A total of 160 healthy mice were then randomly divided into 4 groups. Group A, cross-linked ADM was implanted under skin; Group B, non-crosslinked ADM was implanted under skin; Group C, allosome skin was embedded under skin; Control group, without any implantation. Any visible changes in implantation region and any apparent rejection was recorded. Any symptoms of inflammatory reaction in implantation region were also observed by microscope. The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum were measured on the 3rd day, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after the operation, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Visual study: wound healing in implantation regions were obvious, the immunologic rejection was not significant, and the sheep ADM was absorbed gradually by ambient tissues. Microscope results: the connection between the sheep ADM and surrounding tissues was very tight with infiltration of a few inflammatory cells into the depth of sheep ADM. The structure of sheep ADM was gradually destroyed by inflammatory cells. The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ were not significant difference between the group of A, B or C and the control group on the 3rd day after the operation. The inflammatory reaction in implantation region of the control group degraded after 3 days, concomitant with a decrease in the levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ. But the levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the Group A, B or C remained at high level, suggesting the elevation of IL-4 and IFN-γ levels were related to the immunologic reaction by sheep ADM. The values of IL-4/IFN-γ were significant difference between the group A, B or C and the control group at the end of the 1st week, 2nd week, and 3rd week. However, there were not significantly different among the Group A, B and C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sheep skin ADMs do not cause apparent rejection from mice after the transplantation because of the low immunogenicity. The cross-linked and non-crosslinked ADMs do not obviously affect the levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D062088:Acellular Dermis; D000818:Animals; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood; D064593:Heterografts / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood*; D051379:Mice; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma