title: The Actions of Lyophilized Apple Peel on the Electrical Activity and Organization of the Ventricular Syncytium of the Hearts of Diabetic Rats.
abstract: This study was designed to examine the effects of lyophilized red delicious apple peel (RDP) on the action potentials (APs) and the input resistance-threshold current relationship. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary heart muscles from healthy male rats, healthy male rats treated with RDP, diabetic male rats, and diabetic male rats treated with RDP. The preparation was superfused with oxygenated Tyrode's solution at 37°C. The stimulation and the recording of the APs, the input resistance, and the threshold current were made using conventional electrophysiological methods. The RDP presented no significant effect in normal rats. Equivalent doses in diabetic rats reduced the APD and ARP. The relationship between input resistance and threshold current established an inverse correlation. The results indicate the following: (1) The functional structure of the cardiac ventricular syncytium in healthy rats is heterogeneous, in terms of input resistance and threshold current. Diabetes further accentuates the heterogeneity. (2) As a consequence, conduction block occurs and increases the possibility of reentrant arrhythmias. (3) These modifications in the ventricular syncytium, coupled with the increase in the ARP, are the adequate substrate so that, with diabetes, the heart becomes more arrhythmogenic. (4) RDP decreases the APD, the ARP, and most syncytium irregularity caused by diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, CHIH, Mexico.
authors.forename: Elideth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez-Ladrón de Guevara
authors.affiliation: National School of Medicine and Homeopathy, National Polytechnic Institute, 07320 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nury
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pérez-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Applied Biotechnology, National Polytechnic Institute, 90700 Tepetitla, TLAX, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Villalobos-López
authors.affiliation: National School of Medicine and Homeopathy, National Polytechnic Institute, 07320 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: David Guillermo
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Pérez-Ishiwara
authors.affiliation: National School of Medicine and Homeopathy, National Polytechnic Institute, 07320 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Juan Santiago
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Salas-Benito
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, CHIH, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez Martínez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, 32310 Ciudad Juárez, CHIH, Mexico.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hernández-García
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010936:Plant Extracts; C037692:Tyrode's solution
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