title: Metabolite Profiling Reveals the Effect of Dietary Rubus coreanus Vinegar on Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in a Rat Model.
abstract: The study was aimed at exploring the curative effects of Rubus coreanus (RC) vinegar against postmenopausal osteoporosis by using ovariectomized rats as a model. The investigations were performed in five groups: sham, ovariectomized (OVX) rats without treatment, low-dose RC vinegar (LRV)-treated OVX rats, high-dose RC vinegar (HRV)-treated OVX rats and alendronate (ALEN)-treated OVX rats. The efficacy of RC vinegar was evaluated using physical, biochemical, histological and metabolomic parameters. Compared to the OVX rats, the LRV and HRV groups showed positive effects on the aforementioned parameters, indicating estrogen regulation. Plasma metabolome analysis of the groups using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-TOF-MS (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with multivariate analysis revealed 19 and 16 metabolites, respectively. Notably, the levels of butyric acid, phenylalanine, glucose, tryptophan and some lysophosphatidylcholines were marginally increased in RC vinegar-treated groups compared to OVX. However, the pattern of metabolite levels in RC vinegar-treated groups was found similar to ALEN, but differed significantly from that in sham group. The results highlight the prophylactic and curative potential of dietary vinegar against postmenopausal osteoporosis. RC vinegar could be an effective natural alternative for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. kkamlice@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Mee Youn
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. festivalkim@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hyang Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. singhdigar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Digar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Korea. yeobio@rda.go.kr.
authors.forename: Soo Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.affiliation: Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Korea. dunkbis@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Seong Yeol
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 446-791, Korea. ypark@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yoo Kyoung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea. chlee123@konkuk.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Choong Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019386:Alendronate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects*; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D065856:Rubus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D019342:Acetic Acid; D019386:Alendronate
keywords: Rubus coreanus vinegar; mass spectrometry; multivariate analysis; osteoporosis; ovariectomy
references.citation: Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jan-Feb;27(1):143-7
references.pmid: 10367689
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2001 Dec;65(12):2690-4
references.pmid: 11826965
references.citation: Clin Geriatr Med. 2002 Aug;18(3):529-55
references.pmid: 12424871
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2003 Feb;17(2):112-9
references.pmid: 12601671
references.citation: Bone. 2003 Jul;33(1):132-43
references.pmid: 12919708
references.citation: Bone. 2004 Apr;34(4):747-54
references.pmid: 15050907
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2004 Mar;68(3):551-6
references.pmid: 15056886
references.citation: J Endocrinol. 2005 Jan;184(1):129-40
references.pmid: 15642790
references.citation: Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Jul;28(7):1208-10
references.pmid: 15997099
references.citation: Ann Pharmacother. 2006 May;40(5):836-49
references.pmid: 16670364
references.citation: Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(4):643-54
references.pmid: 16883635
references.citation: Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2006 Jan;2(1):35-43
references.pmid: 16932650
references.citation: Altern Med Rev. 2007 Jun;12(2):113-45
references.pmid: 17604458
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 2;104(40):15847-51
references.pmid: 17895382
references.citation: Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(30):3209-20
references.pmid: 18220755
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Jul;199(1):67.e1-5
references.pmid: 18241818
references.citation: Annu Rev Nutr. 2008;28:131-55
references.pmid: 18466091
references.citation: Menopause. 2008 Jul-Aug;15(4 Pt 1):676-83
references.pmid: 18709701
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1054-6
references.pmid: 18948945
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2009 Apr 15;81(8):3079-86
references.pmid: 19301908
references.citation: BMC Public Health. 2009 Oct 14;9:388
references.pmid: 19828021
references.citation: Ann Nutr Metab. 2010;56(2):106-12
references.pmid: 20110670
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Apr;95(4):1555-65
references.pmid: 20173017
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2010 Jun 10;6(6):e1000985
references.pmid: 20548961
references.citation: Bone. 2010 Nov;47(5):959-65
references.pmid: 20813216
references.citation: Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Nov;13(6):715-21
references.pmid: 20823773
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1083-8
references.pmid: 21782010
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jan 6;139(1):311-7
references.pmid: 22120013
references.citation: Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2012 Oct;9(10):915-21
references.pmid: 22924523
references.citation: Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Mar 01;14(3):5036-129
references.pmid: 23455471
references.citation: Crit Rev Oncog. 2013;18(3):163-75
references.pmid: 23510062
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Oct 8;110(41):16568-73
references.pmid: 24023068
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Jan 08;9(1):e85694
references.pmid: 24416443
references.citation: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2014 Apr;90(4):117-23
references.pmid: 24508380
references.citation: Malays J Med Sci. 2014 Jan;21(1):58-61
references.pmid: 24639613
references.citation: Food Funct. 2014 Jul 25;5(7):1579-86
references.pmid: 24867606
references.citation: Aging Male. 2015 Jun;18(2):124-32
references.pmid: 25136745
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Sep 03;9(9):e106559
references.pmid: 25184758
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Oct 02;9(10):e109479
references.pmid: 25275468
references.citation: J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Feb;25(2):217-26
references.pmid: 25293630
references.citation: BMJ. 2014 Oct 28;349:g6015
references.pmid: 25352269
references.citation: Molecules. 2015 Feb 13;20(2):3107-28
references.pmid: 25689639
references.citation: Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2015 Feb 15;10:17
references.pmid: 25758373
references.citation: Bone Res. 2014 Apr 29;2:14001
references.pmid: 26273515
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1982 Aug;42(8 Suppl):3342s-3344s
references.pmid: 7083198
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994 Dec 30;736:158-64
references.pmid: 7710202
references.citation: Acta Physiol Scand. 1993 Sep;149(1):91-7
references.pmid: 8237427
references.citation: Osteoporos Int. 1993;3 Suppl 3:S17-9
references.pmid: 8298198
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 1997 Sep;57(3):588-96
references.pmid: 9282995
references.citation: Nephron. 1998 Oct;80(2):242-3
references.pmid: 9736833