title: Challenges in High Fidelity Simulation: Risk Sensitization and Outcome Measurement.
abstract: As the use of high fidelity simulation (HFS) in nursing education increases, evidence of its impact on learner self-confidence continues to grow. However, evidence to demonstrate an actual, positive influence on learner competence remains inconsistent. This lack of clear evidence supporting increased clinical competence challenges faculty seeking effective teaching strategies related to HFS. The purpose of this article is to discuss two key challenges in the integration and use of HFS in nursing curricula. The authors review the use of HFS in nursing education and provide a critical discussion of two challenges to incorporating HFS into the nursing curricula: the dangers of risk sensitization and the need for a standardized framework. They conclude that simulation experiences that encompass the element of longitudinal care and patient response, along with further research identifying best practices are needed to provide a sound basis for supporting the use of HFS in nursing education.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Simulation Labs, University of Maryland School of Nursing, USA. onello@son.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Onello
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Regan
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D000066908:Simulation Training / Q000379:methods*