title: Synthesis of magnesium- and manganese-doped hydroxyapatite structures assisted by the simultaneous incorporation of strontium.
abstract: Samples of crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) with and without the addition of individual Mg(2+), Mn(2+) and Sr(2+) ions and samples with the addition of all three ions simultaneously were prepared using the precipitation method in an aqueous medium. Chemical, structural, spectroscopic and thermophysical analyses of the synthesized samples were conducted. The obtained results indicate that Sr(2+) ions were easily incorporated into the HA crystal structure, whereas it was difficult to incorporate Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) ions into the HA lattice when these ions were individually introduced into the samples. The synthesis of HA with Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions is characterized by the formation of HA with a low concentration of doping elements that is outweighed by the amount of these atoms present in less biocompatible phases that formed simultaneously. However, the incorporation of Sr(2+) along with Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) ions into the samples allowed for the synthesis of HA with considerably higher concentrations of Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) in the crystal lattice.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomateriais, P²CEM/UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirna Pereira
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Dep. de Eng. Metal. e de Materiais, COPPE/UFRJ, CP 68505, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gloria Dulce
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: de Almeida Soares
authors.affiliation: Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15, rue Jean Starcky, BP 2488, 68057 Mulhouse, France.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dentzer
authors.affiliation: Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15, rue Jean Starcky, BP 2488, 68057 Mulhouse, France.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anselme
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Metrologia de Materiais, Inmetro, Av. N. Sra. das Graças, 50, Duque de Caxias 25250-020, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lídia Ágata
authors.initials: LÁ
authors.lastname: de Sena
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Metrologia de Materiais, Inmetro, Av. N. Sra. das Graças, 50, Duque de Caxias 25250-020, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuznetsov
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biomateriais, P²CEM/UFS, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil. Electronic address: euler@ufs.br.
authors.forename: Euler Araujo
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: dos Santos
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007477:Ions; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013324:Strontium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D008345:Manganese; D017886:Durapatite; D008274:Magnesium; D013324:Strontium
keywords: Co-substitution; Doping; Hydroxyapatite; Thermal stability