title: Nitrogen-rich 4,4'-azo bis(1,2,4-triazolone) salts--the synthesis and promising properties of a new family of high-density insensitive materials.
abstract: 4,4'-Azo-bis(1,2,4-triazolone) (ZTO) based salts from alkaline (Li(+), K(+), Na(+), and Cs(+)), alkaline earth metal salts (Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), and Ba(2+)) and hydrazinium salt were synthesized in a simple, straightforward manner and were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction of seven salts (Na(+), K(+), Cs(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), and N2H5(+)) are also reported. The X-ray structures show that in the title compounds, the metal atoms are bonded to the nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the bistetrazole ring to form a sandwich structure. In addition, the thermal stabilities of all the title compounds were determined using thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). All these new materials exhibit excellent thermal stability, high density, acceptable detonation properties, and excellent insensitivity to impact (h50 > 60 cm). In particular, the barium, caesium and strontium salts are of great interest as potential high-density insensitive materials.
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiaping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunyuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lijie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shusen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. qhshu121@bit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qinghai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shu