title: Silibinin Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Differentiation in Functional Human Adipocytes.
abstract: Silibinin, a natural plant flavonolignan is the main active constituent found in milk thistle (Silybum marianum). It is known to have hepatoprotective, anti-neoplastic effect, and suppresses lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of silibinin on adipogenic differentiation and thermogenic capacity of human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. Silibinin (10 μM) treatment, either at the beginning or at the end of adipogenic differentiation, resulted in an increase of SIRT-1, PPARα, Pgc-1α, and UCPs gene expression. Moreover, silibinin administration resulted in a decrease of PPARγ, FABP4, FAS, and MEST/PEG1 gene expression during the differentiation, confirming that this compound is able to reduce fatty acid accumulation and adipocyte size. Our data showed that silibinin regulated adipocyte lipid metabolism, inducing thermogenesis and promoting a brown remodeling in adipocyte. Taken together, our findings suggest that silibinin increases UCPs expression by stimulation of SIRT1, PPARα, and Pgc-1α, improved metabolic parameters, decreased lipid mass leading to the formation of functional adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Section, Department of Drug Science, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Ignazio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barbagallo
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Section, Department of Drug Science, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanella
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Cambria
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tibullo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Godos
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guarnaccia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zappalà
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galvano
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li Volti
keywords: adipocyte; brown adipocyte; human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells; lipid metabolism; silibinin; stem cells differentiation; thermogenesis
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