title: Analysis of risk factor and clinical characteristics of angiodysplasia presenting as upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Angiodysplasia is important in the differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), but the clinical features and outcomes associated with UGIB from angiodysplasia have not been characterized. We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of angiodysplasia presented as UGIB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2004 and December 2013, a consecutive series of patients admitted with UGIB were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-five patients with bleeding from angiodysplasia were enrolled. We compared them with an asymptomatic control group (incidental finding of angiodysplasia in health screening, n = 58) and bleeding control group (simultaneous finding of angiodysplasia and peptic ulcer bleeding, n = 28).
  
  
  RESULTS
  When patients with UGIB from angiodysplasia were compared with the asymptomatic control group, more frequent rates of nonantral location and large sized lesion (≥ 1 cm) were evident in multivariate analysis. When these patients were compared with the bleeding control group, they were older (mean age: 67.94 ± 9.16 years vs.55.07 ± 13.29 years, p = 0.03) and received less transfusions (p = 0.03). They also had more frequent rate of recurrence (40.0% vs. 20.7%, p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-antral location and large lesions (≥ 1 cm) could be risk factors of UGIB of angiodysplasia. UGIB due to angiodysplasia was more common in older patients. Transfusion requirement would be less and a tendency of clinical recurrence might be apparent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Bum
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hea Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seokyung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Oh
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyewon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016888:Angiodysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012008:Recurrence; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Angiodysplasia; Endoscopy; Gastrointestinal bleeding
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1981 Dec;81(6):1131-3
references.pmid: 6974673
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Apr;94(4):1070-6
references.pmid: 10201485
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2010 Apr 28;30(17):6080-93
references.pmid: 20427666
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1979 Jul;77(1):1-11
references.pmid: 312746
references.citation: Cell Mol Life Sci. 2005 Oct;62(19-20):2173-93
references.pmid: 16132232
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Dec;21(12):1333-9
references.pmid: 19512936
references.citation: BMC Gastroenterol. 2010 Sep 28;10:113
references.pmid: 20920209
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1986 Dec;78(6):1456-61
references.pmid: 3491092
references.citation: Dig Dis Sci. 1981 Jul;26(7):609-17
references.pmid: 7249896
references.citation: Nature. 2001 Dec 13;414(6865):813-20
references.pmid: 11742414
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2007 Apr;117(4):910-8
references.pmid: 17404617
references.citation: Cardiovasc Radiol. 1977-1978;1(1):3-13
references.pmid: 311247
references.citation: J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2006 Aug;41(2):340-9
references.pmid: 16828794
references.citation: J Clin Gastroenterol. 1988 Aug;10(4):386-94
references.pmid: 3047221
references.citation: Gastrointest Endosc. 1985 Aug;31(4):251-4
references.pmid: 4029573
references.citation: J Dig Dis. 2013 Mar;14(3):113-6
references.pmid: 23216888
references.citation: Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Jan;39(1):15-34
references.pmid: 24138285
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 1989 Oct;84(10):1297-301
references.pmid: 2801682
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 1998 Jun 29;141(7):1659-73
references.pmid: 9647657
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2014 Apr;109(4):474-83; quiz 484
references.pmid: 24642577
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 1993 Jun;88(6):807-18
references.pmid: 8389094
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Nov;91(11):2329-32
references.pmid: 8931412
references.citation: J Assoc Acad Minor Phys. 1997;8(1):16-9
references.pmid: 9048468
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1977 Apr;72(4 Pt 1):650-60
references.pmid: 300063
references.citation: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1996 Oct;7(3):259-70
references.pmid: 8971481
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 1985 Mar;145(3):458-61
references.pmid: 3872107
references.citation: Endoscopy. 1986 Nov;18(6):227-9
references.pmid: 3491752