title: Whole-Body Diffusion Imaging Applying Simultaneous Multi-Slice Excitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of a fast protocol for whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) using a slice-accelerated echo-planar sequence, which, when using comparable image acquisition parameters, noticeably reduces measurement time compared to a conventional WB-DWI protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence capable of simultaneous slice excitation and acquisition was optimized for WB-DWI on a 3 T MR scanner, with a comparable conventional WB-DWI protocol serving as the reference standard. Eight healthy individuals and one oncologic patient underwent WB-DWI. Quantitative analysis was carried out by measuring the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and its coefficient of variation (CV) in different organs. Image quality was assessed qualitatively by two independent radiologists using a 4-point Likert scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using our proposed protocol, the scan time of the WB-DWI measurement was reduced by up to 25.9 %. Both protocols, the slice-accelerated protocol and the conventional protocol, showed comparable image quality without statistically significant differences in the reader scores. Similarly, no significant differences of the ADC values of parenchymal organs were found, whereas ADC values of brain tissue were slightly higher in the slice-accelerated protocol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was demonstrated that slice-accelerated DWI can be applied to WB-DWI protocols with the potential to greatly reduce the required measurement time, thereby substantially increasing clinical applicability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  •Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) using simultaneous multi-slice and blipped-CAIPIRINHA reduces the measurement time strongly without having a significant impact on image quality. •The reduction in measurement time might strongly contribute to the clinical applicability of WB-DWI. •However, further refinement of the slice-accelerated EPI sequence, and the WB-DWI protocol applying this sequence type seems necessary; and the value of such WB-DWI protocols for assessment of systemic oncological diseases needs to be investigated in further clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kenkel
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wurnig
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Filli
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Ulbrich
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Runge
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods*