title: Assessing risk factors of sporadic Campylobacter infection: a case-control study in Arizona.
abstract: Case-control studies of sporadic Campylobacter infections have predominately been conducted in non-Hispanic populations. In Arizona, rates of campylobacteriosis have been historically higher than the national average, with particularly high rates in Hispanics. In 2010, health departments and a state university collaborated to conduct a statewide case-control study to determine whether risk factors differ in an ethnically diverse region of the United States. Statistically significant risk factors in the final multivariate model were: eating cantaloupe [odds ratio (OR) 7·64], handling raw poultry (OR 4·88) and eating queso fresco (OR 7·11). In addition, compared to non-Hispanic/non-travellers, the highest risk group were Hispanic/non-travellers (OR 7·27), and Hispanic/travellers (OR 5·87, not significant). Results of this study suggest Hispanics have higher odds of disease, probably due to differential exposures. In addition to common risk factors, consumption of cantaloupe was identified as a significant risk factor. These results will inform public health officials of the varying risk factors for Campylobacter in this region.
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Zuckerman College of Public Health.Tucson,AZ,USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pogreba-Brown
authors.affiliation: Arizona Department of Health Services. Phoenix,AZ,USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Zuckerman College of Public Health.Tucson,AZ,USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.affiliation: Maricopa County Department of Public Health. Phoenix,AZ,USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: University of Arizona Zuckerman College of Public Health.Tucson,AZ,USA.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Arizona Department of Health Services. Phoenix,AZ,USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D028463:Cucumis melo / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Campylobacter; community epidemics; foodborne infections