title: Flavonol glycosides in berries of two major subspecies of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) and influence of growth sites.
abstract: Flavonol glycosides of wild sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides ssp. sinensis) berries from China and cultivated berries (H. rhamnoides ssp. mongolica) from Finland and Canada were identified and quantified. Twenty-six flavonol glycosides were found with isorhamnetin and quercetin as the major aglycones. The contents of flavonol glycosides ranged 23-250 mg/100 g fresh berries and were significantly higher in the berries of ssp. sinensis than in those of ssp. mongolica. Among the cultivars of ssp. mongolica, the berries of 'Oranzhevaya' had the lowest (23 mg/100 g) content, and those of 'Prevoshodnaya' the highest content of flavonol glycosides (80 mg/100 g). Within the ssp. mongolica, the samples from Kittilä (Northern Finland) had higher levels of most flavonol glycosides than those from Turku (Southern Finland) and Québec. Among the ssp. sinensis berries of different growth sites, increasing trends were detected in the contents of most of the compounds as the altitude increased and as the latitude decreased. The wild berries (ssp. sinensis) from Sichuan had remarkably high contents and unique profiles of flavonol glycosides.
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laaksonen
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche en Horticulture, Pavillon de l'Envirotron, Université Laval, 2480 Hochelaga, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trépanier
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kallio
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. Electronic address: baoru.yang@utu.fi.
authors.forename: Baoru
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D044948:Flavonols / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry*; D031281:Hippophae / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D044948:Flavonols; D006027:Glycosides
keywords: Cultivars; Flavonol glycosides; Growth sites; Hippophaë rhamnoides; Sea buckthorn; Subspecies