title: Interventions to aid patient adherence to physiotherapist prescribed self-management strategies: a systematic review.
abstract: Physiotherapist prescribed self-management strategies are an important adjunct to 'hands on' treatment. However, treatment outcomes are likely to be related to whether patients adhere to the prescribed strategy. Therefore, physiotherapists should be aware of adherence aiding interventions designed to maximise patient outcomes underpinned by quality research studies.
  
  
  
  To conduct a systematic review of the interventions used to aid patient adherence to all physiotherapist prescribed self-management strategies.
  
  
  
  The search included the databases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PUBMED, PSYCINFO, SPORTSDiscus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro and Mednar for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in a peer reviewed journal from inception to November 2014.
  
  
  
  Data were extracted using a standardised form from twelve included RCTs for patient adherence rates to self-management strategies for interventions used to aid patient adherence and usual care. Two independent reviewers conducted methodological quality assessment.
  
  
  
  Twelve different interventions to aid patient adherence to exercise were recorded from twelve fair to high quality RCTs. Potential adherence aiding interventions include an activity monitor and feedback system, written exercise instructions, behavioural exercise programme with booster sessions and goal setting.
  
  
  
  Despite a number of studies demonstrating interventions to positively influence patient adherence to exercise, there is insufficient data to endorse their use in clinical practice. No RCTs examining adherence aiding interventions to self-management strategies other than exercise were identified, indicating a significant gap in the literature.
  
  
  
  PROSPERO CRD42015014516.
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Group, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Electronic address: Kerry.peek@uon.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peek
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Group, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanson-Fisher
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Group, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Group, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carey
mesh_terms: D005081:Exercise Therapy; D000068156:Formative Feedback; D006801:Humans; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012648:Self Care; D012944:Social Support
keywords: Advice; Exercise; Patient adherence; Physiotherapist; Review; Self-management