title: Autoantibody Production in Cancer--The Humoral Immune Response toward Autologous Antigens in Cancer Patients.
abstract: A link between autoimmune responses and cancer via autoantibodies was first described in the 1950s. Since, autoantibodies have been studied for their potential use as cancer biomarkers, however the exact causes of their production remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes current theories of the causes of autoantibody production in cancer, namely: 1) defects in tolerance and inflammation, 2) changes in protein expression levels, 3) altered protein structure, and 4) cellular death mechanisms. We also highlight the need for further research into this field to improve our understanding of autoantibodies as biomarkers for cancer development and progression.
authors.affiliation: School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia. Electronic address: p.zaenker@ecu.edu.au.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zaenker
authors.affiliation: School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ziman
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens
keywords: Autoantibody; Autoantibody production; Biomarker; Cancer; Humoral immune response; Immune surveillance