title: Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of BSA-loaded double-walled glucose-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres.
abstract: The aim of this study was to prepare a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded double-walled microspheres using a fast degrading glucose core, hydroxyl-terminated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (Glu-PLGA) and a moderate-degrading carboxyl-terminated PLGA polymers to reduce the initial burst release and to eliminate the lag phase from the release profile of PLGA microspheres. The double-walled microspheres were prepared using a modified water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water (w/o/o/w) method and single-polymer microspheres were prepared using a conventional water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The particle size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, thermal properties, in vitro drug release and structural integrity of BSA were evaluated in this study. Double-walled microspheres prepared with Glu-PLGA and PLGA polymers with a mass ratio of 1:1 were non-porous, smooth-surfaced, and spherical in shape. A significant reduction of initial burst release was achieved for the double-walled microspheres compared to single-polymer microspheres. In addition, microspheres prepared using Glu-PLGA and PLGA polymers in a mass ratio of 1:1 exhibited continuous BSA release after the small initial burst without any lag phase. It can be concluded that the double-walled microspheres made of Glu-PLGA and PLGA polymers in a mass ratio of 1:1 can be a potential delivery system for pharmaceutical proteins.
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rezaul H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ansary
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia. mdrahman@iium.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mokhlesur M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, 63000, Cyberjaya, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamed B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Awang
authors.affiliation: Drug Delivery and Novel Targeting Research Group, Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Haliza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katas
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hazrina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hadi
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Farahidah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abd Almonem
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Doolaanea
authors.affiliation: Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Yunus B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kamaruzzaman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D065546:Drug Liberation; D005947:Glucose / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Controlled release; Drug delivery; Encapsulation efficiency; Microspheres; Poly(lactide-co-glycolide); Therapeutic proteins