title: Anatomical Considerations to Prevent Facial Nerve Injury: Insights on Frontal Branch and Cervicofacial Trunk Nerve Anatomy in SMAS Face Lifts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Breast Unit, Catholic University of "Sacro Cuore", University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Visconti
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salgarello
mesh_terms: D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*
references.citation: Roostaeian J, Rohrich RJ, Stuzin JM. Anatomical considerations to prevent facial nerve injury. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;135:1318–1327.
references.citation: Bertelli JA. Platysma motor branch transfer in brachial plexus repair: Report of the first case. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj. 2007;2:12.
references.citation: Daane SP, Owsley JQ. Incidence of cervical branch injury with “marginal mandibular nerve pseudo-paralysis” in patients undergoing face lift. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;111:2414–2418.
references.citation: Barton FE Jr. The SMAS and the nasolabial fold. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1992;89:1054–1057. discussion 1058..
references.citation: Connell BF, Marten TJ. The trifurcated SMAS flap: Three-part segmentation of the conventional flap for improved results in the midface, cheek, and neck. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1995;19:415–420.