title: A/T gap tolerance in the core sequence and flanking sequence requirements of non-canonical p53 response elements.
abstract: The canonical core sequence of the p53 response element, CATG, has a two-base A/T gap. Previously, we found that p53 can also activate a non-canonical four-base A/T gap CATATG core sequence. In this study, we investigated the possible number of A/T bases used by p53 and showed that a six-base A/T gap CATATATG core sequence was the maximum A/T gap in the p53 response element that could be upregulated by p53 and p63. Canonical and non-canonical p53 response elements also have three-base flanking sequences. A/T bases could be substituted by G/C bases, including CACACG and CGTGTG, but not CGCGCG. We found that the SV40 promoter with functional six- and two-base A/T gap core sequences could be activated by TAp63γ and that TAp63γ could upregulate SV40 small and large T antigens expression in COS7 cells. We also found that the distal region of PUMA promoter with functional two six-base A/T gap core sequences could be activated by TAp63γ in 293T cells. These new findings could provide novel rules for the non-canonical p53 family response element and could extend the entire p53 family regulation network.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bi-He
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Faye
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China and.
authors.forename: Hwang-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hua-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Research Complex for Medical Frontiers, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kannagi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, jychen01@ndmctsgh.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jang-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D020218:Response Elements / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C495901:TP53 protein, human; C115051:TP63 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
keywords: flanking sequence; non-canonical; p53; p63; response element
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