title: Toward disease modification in multiple system atrophy: Pitfalls, bottlenecks, and possible remedies.
abstract: Multiple system atrophy has recently attracted increased attention in basic and clinical research. Understanding of key pathophysiological mechanismshas improved; and, in the past decade, the first clinical trials aiming at diseasemodification were conducted. However, there is still no established interventional therapy available. In this review, the authors summarize recent advances, discuss bottlenecks and possible pitfalls of previous interventional studies, and suggest future research avenues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Krismer
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seppi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stefanova
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Gregor K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Wenning
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D019578:Multiple System Atrophy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
keywords: animal models; clinical trials; multiple system atrophy; therapies