title: Energy recovery from organic fractions of municipal solid waste: A case study of Hyderabad city, Pakistan.
abstract: Non-renewable energy sources have remained the choice of the world for centuries. Rapid growth in population and industrialisation have caused their shortage and environmental degradation by using them. Thus, at the present rate of consumption, they will not last very long. In this prospective, this study has been conducted. The estimation of energy in terms of biogas and heat from various organic fractions of municipal solid waste is presented and discussed. The results show that organic fractions of municipal solid waste possess methane potential in the range of 3%-22% and their heat capacity ranges from 3007 to 20,099 kJ kg(-1) Also, theoretical biogas potential of different individual fruit as well as vegetable components and mixed food waste are analysed and estimated in the range of 608-1244 m(3) t(-1) Further, the share of bioenergy from municipal solid waste in the total primary energy supply in Pakistan has been estimated to be 1.82%. About 8.43% of present energy demand of the country could be met from municipal solid waste. The study leads us to the conclusion that the share of imported energy (i.e. 0.1% of total energy supply) and reduction in the amount of energy from fossil fuels can be achieved by adopting a waste-to-energy system in the country.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, MUET, Jamshoro, Pakistan safar.korai@faculty.muet.edu.pk.
authors.forename: Korai M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Safar
authors.affiliation: US-Pakistan Centers for Advanced Studies in Water, Meharn UET, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mahar R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bux
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering Department, MUET, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Uqaili M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.affiliation: Department of Metallurgy and Mining Engineering, MUET, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Memon S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, MUET, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Lashari I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D056804:Biofuels; D002947:Cities; D004736:Energy-Generating Resources; D005502:Food; D005735:Garbage; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D010154:Pakistan; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D062611:Solid Waste / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D062611:Solid Waste; D008697:Methane
keywords: Organic fractions; biodegradability; biogas potential; combustibility; solid waste to energy