title: Comparative proteomic analysis of a potentially probiotic Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10 for the identification of key proteins involved in antibiotic resistance and biocide tolerance.
abstract: Probiotic bacterial cultures require resistance mechanisms to avoid stress-related responses under challenging environmental conditions; however, understanding these traits is required to discern their utility in fermentative food preparations, versus clinical and agricultural risk. Here, we compared the proteomic responses of Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10, a potentially probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from brines of naturally fermented Aloreña green table olives, exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of antibiotics (amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline) and biocides (benzalkonium chloride and triclosan). Several genes became differentially expressed depending on antimicrobial exposure, such as the up-regulation of protein synthesis, and the down-regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and energy production. The antimicrobials appeared to have altered Lb. pentosus MP-10 physiology to achieve a gain of cellular energy for survival. For example, biocide-adapted Lb. pentosus MP-10 exhibited a down-regulated phosphocarrier protein HPr and an unexpressed oxidoreductase. However, protein synthesis was over-expressed in antibiotic- and biocide-adapted cells (ribosomal proteins and glutamyl-tRNA synthetase), possibly to compensate for damaged proteins targeted by antimicrobials. Furthermore, stress proteins, such as NADH peroxidase (Npx) and a small heat shock protein, were only over-expressed in antibiotic-adapted Lb. pentosus MP-10. Results showed that adaptation to sub-lethal concentrations of antimicrobials could be a good way to achieve desirable robustness of the probiotic Lb. pentosus MP-10 to various environmental and gastrointestinal conditions (e.g., acid and bile stresses).
authors.affiliation: Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: María del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Casado Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benomar
authors.affiliation: Equipe de Chimie Analytique des Molécules Bio-Actives, UMR 7178, IPHC-DSA, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
authors.forename: Saïd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ennahar
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Centre for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horvatovich
authors.affiliation: Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: Leyre
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lavilla Lerma
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.affiliation: Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gálvez
authors.affiliation: Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain. Electronic address: hikmate@ujaen.es.
authors.forename: Hikmate
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abriouel
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000187:drug effects; D005516:Food Microbiology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D007777:Lactobacillaceae / Q000235:genetics; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D031658:Olea / Q000382:microbiology; D019936:Probiotics; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004202:Disinfectants
keywords: Antibiotics; Biocides; Comparative proteomics; Lactobacillus pentosus; Probiotics