title: Determination of sex from the hyoid bone in a contemporary White population.
abstract: Six discriminant functions, developed from an historic White population, were tested on a contemporary White population for determination of sex from the hyoid. One hundred and thirty four fused and unfused hyoids from a contemporary White population were used. Individuals ranged between 20 and 49 years old. Six historic White discriminant functions were applied to the fused and unfused hyoids of the pooled contemporary White population, i.e. all males and females and all age ranges combined. The overall accuracy rates were between 72.1% and 92.3%. Correct sex determination for contemporary White males ranged between 88.2% and 96.3%, while correct sex determination for contemporary White females ranged between 31.3% and 92.0%. Discriminant functions were created for the contemporary White population with overall mean accuracy rates between 67.0% and 93.0%. The multivariate discriminant function overall accuracy rates were between 89.0% and 93.0% and the univariate discriminant function overall accuracy rates were between 67.0% and 86.8%. The contemporary White population data were compared to other populations and showed significant differences between many of the variables measured. This study illustrated the need for population-specific and temporally-specific discriminant functions for determination of sex from the hyoid bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada. Electronic address: ciara.j.logar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ciara J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Logar
authors.affiliation: Forensic Sciences Program, Department of Anthropology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada. Electronic address: tanya.peckmann@smu.ca.
authors.forename: Tanya R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Peckmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada. Electronic address: susan.meek@smu.ca.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meek
authors.affiliation: Forensic Identification Unit, York Regional Police, 47 Don Hillock Drive, Aurora, Ontario L4G 0S7, Canada. Electronic address: 5832@yrp.ca.
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Walls
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology; D006801:Humans; D006928:Hyoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis; D054881:Sex Determination by Skeleton; D014481:United States; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adults; Discriminant functions; Forensic anthropology population data; Hyoid; Sex determination; White americans