title: Dietary antigens limit mucosal immunity by inducing regulatory T cells in the small intestine.
abstract: Dietary antigens are normally rendered nonimmunogenic through a poorly understood "oral tolerance" mechanism that involves immunosuppressive regulatory T (Treg) cells, especially Treg cells induced from conventional T cells in the periphery (pTreg cells). Although orally introducing nominal protein antigens is known to induce such pTreg cells, whether a typical diet induces a population of pTreg cells under normal conditions thus far has been unknown. By using germ-free mice raised and bred on an elemental diet devoid of dietary antigens, we demonstrated that under normal conditions, the vast majority of the small intestinal pTreg cells are induced by dietary antigens from solid foods. Moreover, these pTreg cells have a limited life span, are distinguishable from microbiota-induced pTreg cells, and repress underlying strong immunity to ingested protein antigens.
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Soon
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Daehee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jisun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-Gie
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Minji
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea. Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Charles D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Surh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000276:immunology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology*; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D004044:Dietary Proteins