title: Sensorized pacifier to evaluate non-nutritive sucking in newborns.
abstract: We developed a device for an objective measurement of non-nutritive sucking (NNS). NNS is newborns' spontaneous action that is a predictor of their neural system development and can be adopted as an intervention to train oral feeding skills in preterms. Two miniaturized digital pressure sensors were embedded into a commercial pacifier and the two signals were simultaneously acquired using the Inter-Integrated circuit (I²C) interface. This solution traced a complete pressures profile of the sucking pattern in order to better understand the functional aspects of the two NNS phases, the suction and the expression. Experimental tests with nine newborns confirmed that the sensorized pacifier is an adequate tool for measuring NNS burst-pause patterns. The identified parameters related to the suction/expression rhythmicity could be used as indicators of the NNS ability. This device might be used both for exploring the possible diagnostic data contained in NNS pattern and for monitoring the sucking skills of premature infants.
authors.affiliation: The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: a.grassi@sssup.it.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.affiliation: The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: f.cecchi@sssup.it.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cecchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: giadasgherri@yahoo.it.
authors.forename: Giada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sgherri
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Stella Maris Scientific Institute, Pisa, Italy.. Electronic address: a.guzzetta@inpe.unipi.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guzzetta
authors.affiliation: Department of Woman and Child Health, Ospedale Versilia AUSL 12, Viareggio, Italy.. Electronic address: l.gagliardi@usl12.toscana.it.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gagliardi
authors.affiliation: The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: c.laschi@sssup.it.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laschi
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000254:growth & development; D041361:Pacifiers; D011312:Pressure; D013391:Sucking Behavior / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Biomedical measurements; Neonatology; Neurodevelopmental bioengineering; Pressure sensors; Sucking pattern