title: Mechanisms of housedust-induced toxicity in primary human corneal epithelial cells: Oxidative stress, proinflammatory response and mitochondrial dysfunction.
abstract: Human cornea is highly susceptible to damage by dust. Continued daily exposure to housedust has been associated with increasing risks of corneal injury, however, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, a composite housedust sample was tested for its cytotoxicity on primary human corneal epithelial (PHCE) cells, which were exposed to dust at 5-320μg/100μL for 24h. PHCE cell viability showed a concentration-dependent toxic effect, attributing to elevated intracellular ROS. Moreover, when exposed at >20-80μg/100μL, dust-induced oxidative damage was evidenced by increased malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (1.3-2.3-fold) and decreased antioxidative capacity (1.6-3.5-fold). Alteration of mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, CAT, HO-1, TRXR1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GPX1) and pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and MCP-1) were also observed. Furthermore, the mitochondrial transmembrane potential was dissipated from 9.2 to 82%. Our results suggested that dust-induced oxidative stress probably played a vital role in the cytotoxicity in PHCE cells, which may have contributed to dust-induced impairment of human cornea.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rui-Wen
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong-He
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Jie
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States. Electronic address: lqma@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Lena Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D016207:Cytokines; D004391:Dust
keywords: Housedust; Inflammation; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Oxidative stress; Primary human corneal epithelial cells