title: A Review of the Effects of Major Atmospheric Pollutants on Pollen Grains, Pollen Content, and Allergenicity.
abstract: This review summarizes the available data related to the effects of air pollution on pollen grains from different plant species. Several studies carried out either on in situ harvested pollen or on pollen exposed in different places more or less polluted are presented and discussed. The different experimental procedures used to monitor the impact of pollution on pollen grains and on various produced external or internal subparticles are listed. Physicochemical and biological effects of artificial pollution (gaseous and particulate) on pollen from different plants, in different laboratory conditions, are considered. The effects of polluted pollen grains, subparticles, and derived aeroallergens in animal models, in in vitro cell culture, on healthy human and allergic patients are described. Combined effects of atmospheric pollutants and pollen grains-derived biological material on allergic population are specifically discussed. Within the notion of "polluen," some methodological biases are underlined and research tracks in this field are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Allergy & Environment Team, Biochemistry Department, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital (AP-HP), 26 avenue du Dr. Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sénéchal
authors.affiliation: Physical Chemistry of Combustion and Atmosphere Processes (PC2A), UMR CNRS 8522, University of Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Visez
authors.affiliation: Pneumo-Allergology Department, North Hospital, 265 chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille 20, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Charpin
authors.affiliation: Allergy & Environment Team, Biochemistry Department, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital (AP-HP), 26 avenue du Dr. Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris, France; Persiflore, 18 avenue du Parc, 91220 Le Plessis-Pâté, France.
authors.forename: Youcef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shahali
authors.affiliation: CNRS, 75794 Paris 16, France.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peltre
authors.affiliation: SEVE Team, Ecology and Biology of Interactions (EBI), UMR-CNRS-UP 7267, University of Poitiers, 3 rue Jacques Fort, 86073 Poitiers, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Biolley
authors.affiliation: KeyGene, P.O. Box 216, 6708 AE Wageningen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lhuissier
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital (AP-HP), 26 avenue du Dr. Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris 12, France.
authors.forename: Rémy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Couderc
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Ohri
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malrat-Domenge
authors.affiliation: Allergology Department, Pasteur Institute, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris 15, France.
authors.forename: Nhân
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pham-Thi
authors.affiliation: Allergy & Environment Team, Biochemistry Department, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital (AP-HP), 26 avenue du Dr. Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris, France; Infections & Epidemiology Department, Pasteur Institute, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris 15, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poncet
authors.affiliation: Allergy & Environment Team, Biochemistry Department, Armand Trousseau Children Hospital (AP-HP), 26 avenue du Dr. Arnold Netter, 75571 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sutra
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D011058:Pollen / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*
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