title: Hyperarticulation in Lombard speech: Global coordination of the jaw, lips and the tongue.
abstract: Over the last century, researchers have collected a considerable amount of data reflecting the properties of Lombard speech, i.e., speech in a noisy environment. The documented phenomena predominately report effects on the speech signal produced in ambient noise. In comparison, relatively little is known about the underlying articulatory patterns of Lombard speech, in particular for lingual articulation. Here the authors present an analysis of articulatory recordings of speech material in babble noise of different intensity levels and in hypoarticulated speech and report quantitative differences in relative expansion of movement of different articulatory subsystems (the jaw, the lips and the tongue) as well as in relative expansion of utterance duration. The trajectory modifications for one articulator can be relatively reliably predicted by those for another one, but subsystems differ in a degree of continuity in trajectory expansion elicited across different noise levels. Regression analysis of articulatory modifications against durational expansion shows further qualitative differences between the subsystems, namely, the jaw and the tongue. The findings are discussed in terms of possible influences of a combination of prosodic, segmental, and physiological factors. In addition, the Lombard effect is put forward as a viable methodology for eliciting global articulatory variation in a controlled manner.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpenger 3A - PL 9, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Juraj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Šimko
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Arts, Constantine the Philosopher University, Štefánikova 67, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Štefan
authors.initials: Š
authors.lastname: Beňuš
authors.affiliation: Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpenger 3A - PL 9, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Martti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vainio
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw / Q000502:physiology*; D008046:Lip / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009622:Noise; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology; D010700:Phonetics; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology*