title: Supplementation with a fish protein hydrolysate (Micromesistius poutassou): effects on body weight, body composition, and CCK/GLP-1 secretion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) have been reported as a suitable source of proteins for human nutrition because of their balanced amino acid composition and positive effect on gastrointestinal absorption.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Here, we investigated the effect of a FPH, Slimpro(®), obtained from blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) muscle by enzymatic hydrolysis, on body composition and on stimulating cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized clinical study was carried out on 120, slightly overweight (25 kg/m(2) ≤ BMI<30 kg/m(2)), male (25%) and female (75%) subjects. FPH was tested in a food supplement at two doses (1.4 and 2.8 g) to establish if a dose-effect relationship exists. Product use was associated with a mild hypocaloric diet (-300 kcal/day). Body composition (body weight; fat mass; extracellular water; and circumference of waist, thighs, and hips) and CCK/GLP-1 blood levels were measured at the beginning of the study and after 45 and 90 days of product use. CCK/GLP-1 levels were measured since they are involved in controlling food intake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treated subjects reported an improvement of body weight composition and an increased blood concentration of both CCK and GLP-1. No differences were found between the 1.4 and 2.8 g FPH doses, indicating a plateau effect starting from 1.4 g FPH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both 1.4 and 2.8 g of FPH were effective in improving body composition and in increasing CCK and GLP-1 blood levels.
authors.affiliation: Farcoderm Srl member of Complife Group, Pavia, Italy; vincenzo.nobile@farcoderm.com.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nobile
authors.affiliation: Compagnie des Pêches Saint-Malo Santé, Saint Malo, France.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duclos
authors.affiliation: Farcoderm Srl member of Complife Group, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michelotti
authors.affiliation: Farcoderm Srl member of Complife Group, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Gioia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bizzaro
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacobiochemistry, Sports Nutrition and Nutriceuticals, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Negro
authors.affiliation: Compagnie des Pêches Saint-Malo Santé, Saint Malo, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soisson
keywords: blue whiting; body composition; body weight; cholecystokinin; clinical study; fish protein hydrolysate; glucagon-like peptide-1; weight management
references.citation: Nat Med. 1996 Nov;2(11):1254-8
references.pmid: 8898756
references.citation: Int J Eat Disord. 1994 Jan;15(1):63-9
references.pmid: 8124328
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1999 Feb;103(3):383-91
references.pmid: 9927499
references.citation: Int J Biol Macromol. 2011 Dec 1;49(5):1110-6
references.pmid: 21945677
references.citation: Nature. 1996 May 30;381(6581):415-21
references.pmid: 8632796
references.citation: Metabolism. 1993 May;42(5):581-4
references.pmid: 8492713
references.citation: Peptides. 2012 Jun;35(2):261-8
references.pmid: 22504498
references.citation: Mar Drugs. 2011;9(11):2304-15
references.pmid: 22163188
references.citation: Eur J Nutr. 2008 Jun;47(4):171-82
references.pmid: 18506385
references.citation: Adv Food Nutr Res. 2012;65:249-60
references.pmid: 22361192
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Jul;66(1):26-32
references.pmid: 9209165
references.citation: Amino Acids. 2012 May;42(5):1641-9
references.pmid: 21384132
references.citation: Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Sep 15;28(6):799-804
references.pmid: 19145735
references.citation: Peptides. 2012 Jan;33(1):178-85
references.pmid: 22138166
references.citation: Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 May;54 Suppl 1:S24-30
references.pmid: 20077421
references.citation: Nutrition. 1996 Nov-Dec;12(11-12):749-62
references.pmid: 8974099
references.citation: Diabetes. 2010 Aug;59(8):1890-8
references.pmid: 20522593
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 2006 Oct;96(4):674-82
references.pmid: 17010226
references.citation: Diabetes. 1992 Nov;41(11):1422-8
references.pmid: 1397718
references.citation: Diabetes. 2006 Dec;55(12):3387-93
references.pmid: 17130484
references.citation: Immunobiology. 2006;211(5):341-50
references.pmid: 16716803
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Feb 8;60(5):1320-5
references.pmid: 22224920
references.citation: J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1986 Aug;32(4):413-23
references.pmid: 3806255
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 2000 Jul 24;423(2):261-81
references.pmid: 10867658
references.citation: J Food Sci. 2009 May-Jul;74(4):H116-20
references.pmid: 19490329
references.citation: Gut. 2005 Jun;54(6):775-81
references.pmid: 15888784
references.citation: Lipids Health Dis. 2013 Oct 07;12:143
references.pmid: 24098955