title: Indium- and Platinum-Free Counter Electrode for Green Mesoscopic Photovoltaics through Graphene Electrode and Graphene Composite Catalysts: Interfacial Compatibility.
abstract: The scarcity and noble indium and platinum (Pt) are important elements in photoelectric nanomaterials. Therefore, development of low cost alternative materials to meet different practical applications is an urgent need. Two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene (GE) with unique physical, mechanical, and electrical properties has recently drawn a great deal of attention in various optoelectronic fields. Herein, the large scale (21 cm × 15 cm) high-quality single layer graphene (SLG) and multilayer graphene on a flexible plastic substrate PET were controllably prepared through layer-by-layer (LBL) transfer using the thermal release adhesive transfer method (TRA-TM). Transmission and antibending performance based on PET/GE were superior to traditional PET/ITO. The square resistance of a nine-layer graphene electrode reached approximately 58 Ω. Combined with our newly developed and highly effective Fe3O4@RGO (reduced graphene oxide) catalyst, the power conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) using flexible PET/GE conductive substrate was comparable to that of the DSC using the PET/ITO substrate. The desirable performance of PET/GE/Fe3O4@RGO counter electrodes (low-cost indium- and platinum-free counter electrodes) is attributed to the interfacial compatibility between 2D graphene composite catalyst (Fe3O4@RGO) and 2D PET/GE conductive substrate. In addition, DSCs that use only PET/GE (without Fe3O4@RGO catalyst) as counter electrodes can also achieve a photocurrent density of 6.30 mA cm(-2). This work is beneficial for fundamental research and practical applications of graphene and graphene composite in photovoltaics, photocatalytic water splitting, supercapacitors.
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Huawei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 2D Carbon(Changzhou) Tech Inc., Ltd. , Changzhou 213161, China.
authors.forename: Zhicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Yinhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 2D Carbon(Changzhou) Tech Inc., Ltd. , Changzhou 213161, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Baoli
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Yingtian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China.
authors.forename: Xianxi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: flexible and transparent; graphene composite catalysts; graphene electrode; interfacial compatibility; solar cell