title: Is there a value for probiotic supplements in gestational diabetes mellitus? A randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although several studies have found probiotics encouraging in prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the evidence for the use of probiotics in diagnosed GDM is largely limited. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a probiotic supplement capsule containing four bacterial strains on glucose metabolism indices and weight changes in women with newly diagnosed GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four pregnant women with GDM were enrolled into a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. They were randomly assigned to receive either a probiotic or placebo capsule along with dietary advice for eight consecutive weeks. The trend of weight gain along with glucose metabolism indices was assayed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the first 6 weeks of the study, the weight gain trend was similar between the groups. However, in the last 2 weeks of the study, the weight gain in the probiotic group was significantly lower than in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Fasting blood sugar (FBS) decreased in both intervention (from 103.7 to 88.4 mg/dl) and control (from 100.9 to 93.6 mg/dl) groups significantly, and the decrease in the probiotic group was significantly higher than in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Insulin resistance index in the probiotic group had 6.74% reduction over the study period (p < 0.05). In the placebo group, however, there was an increase in insulin resistance index (6.45%), but the observed change in insulin resistance was not statistically significant. Insulin sensitivity index was increased in both groups. The post-intervention insulin sensitivity index in the probiotic group was not significantly different from placebo when adjusted for the baseline levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The probiotic supplement appeared to affect glucose metabolism and weight gain among pregnant women with GDM. This needs to be confirmed in other settings before a therapeutic value could be approved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS), International Branch, tehran, iran. neda.dolatkhahb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dolatkhah
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Society, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Baran 3, West Arghavan, Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, 19395-4741, istanbul, 1981619573, turkey. m.hajifaraji@nnftri.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hajifaraji
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, tabriz, iran. fatemeh.abasalizadeh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abbasalizadeh
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. naser.aghamohammadzadeh@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aghamohammadzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. yadollah.mehrabib@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yadollah
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mehrabi
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. mehran.mesgariabbasi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mehran Mesgari
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abbasi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069982:Bifidobacterium animalis / Q000254:growth & development; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007492:Iran; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000254:growth & development; D048668:Lactobacillus delbrueckii / Q000254:growth & development; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048249:Streptococcus thermophilus / Q000254:growth & development; D015430:Weight Gain; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
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