title: Development and rheological properties of ecological emulsions formulated with a biosolvent and two microbial polysaccharides.
abstract: The influence of gum concentration and rhamsan/welan gum ratio on rheological properties, droplet size distribution and physical stability of eco-friendly O/W emulsions stabilized by an ecological surfactant were studied in the present work. The emulsions were prepared with 30wt% α-pinene, a terpenic solvent and an ecological alternative for current volatile organic compounds. Rheological properties of emulsions showed an important dependence on the two studied variables. Flow curves were fitted to the Cross model and no synergistic effect between rhamsan and welan gums was demonstrated. Emulsions with submicron mean diameters were obtained regardless of the gum concentration or the rhamsan/welan ratio used. Multiple light scattering illustrated that creaming was practically eliminated by the incorporation of polysaccharides. The use of rhamsan and welan gums as stabilizers lead to apparent enhancements in emulsion rheology and physical stability.
authors.affiliation: Reología Aplicada, Tecnología de Coloides, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla c/P, García González, 1, E41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Trujillo-Cayado
authors.affiliation: Reología Aplicada, Tecnología de Coloides, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla c/P, García González, 1, E41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Alfaro
authors.affiliation: Reología Aplicada, Tecnología de Coloides, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla c/P, García González, 1, E41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: LEAF-Linking Landscape Environment Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: anabraymundo@isa.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raymundo
authors.affiliation: LEAF-Linking Landscape Environment Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sousa
mesh_terms: D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D004655:Emulsions; D039821:Monoterpenes; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D012997:Solvents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; C071623:rhamsan; C068570:welan; C005451:alpha-pinene
keywords: Biosolvent; Eco-friendly surfactant; Emulsion; Polysaccharide; Rheology