title: Recombinant plasmid-based quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis of Salmonella enterica serotypes and its application to milk samples.
abstract: The aim of the current study was to develop, a new, rapid, sensitive and quantitative Salmonella detection method using a Real-Time PCR technique based on an inexpensive, easy to produce, convenient and standardized recombinant plasmid positive control. To achieve this, two recombinant plasmids were constructed as reference molecules by cloning the two most commonly used Salmonella-specific target gene regions, invA and ttrRSBC. The more rapid detection enabled by the developed method (21 h) compared to the traditional culture method (90 h) allows the quantitative evaluation of Salmonella (quantification limits of 10(1)CFU/ml and 10(0)CFU/ml for the invA target and the ttrRSBC target, respectively), as illustrated using milk samples. Three advantages illustrated by the current study demonstrate the potential of the newly developed method to be used in routine analyses in the medical, veterinary, food and water/environmental sectors: I--The method provides fast analyses including the simultaneous detection and determination of correct pathogen counts; II--The method is applicable to challenging samples, such as milk; III--The method's positive controls (recombinant plasmids) are reproducible in large quantities without the need to construct new calibration curves.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: k.gokduman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kurtulus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gokduman
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ahi Evran University, 40100 Kirsehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: M Dilek
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Avsaroglu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, 34393 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cakiris
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, 34393 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Duran
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ustek
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: G Candan
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Gurakan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D019976:Cloning, Organism; D017931:DNA Primers; D015342:DNA Probes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000235:genetics*; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012703:Serotyping / Q000379:methods; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D015342:DNA Probes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; C075518:invA protein, Bacteria
keywords: Milk; Real-Time PCR; Recombinant plasmids; Salmonella; invA; ttrRSBC