title: Infundibula of equine maxillary cheek teeth. Part 1: Development, blood supply and infundibular cementogenesis.
abstract: There is increasing interest in diseases of infundibula of equine maxillary cheek teeth. Imperfect infundibular cementogenesis has been recognized as an aetiopathological factor for the onset of infundibular necrosis. In this article, infundibular development was examined with particular attention to infundibular blood vessels and cementogenesis. Forty-one deciduous maxillary premolars prior to eruption were investigated using routine histological and immunohistological methods to visualize blood vessels and the enamel organ. Selected specimens were scanned by micro-computed tomography to analyze the three-dimensional configuration of the developing infundibulum. Before eruption, the infundibula are supplied by a central infundibular artery entering the infundibulum from an occlusal direction and by arteries entering the mesial infundibulum from the mesial aspect, and the distal infundibulum from the distal aspect. The central infundibular artery is destroyed shortly after tooth eruption but the lateral arteries remain vital for a time after eruption. As the arteries of the distal infundibulum are located in a more apical position, blood is received for a longer period compared with the mesial infundibulum. Cementogenesis starts first at distinct enamel in-foldings in the occlusal part of the infundibula, advancing in an apical direction. The results suggest a distinct asymmetry between the infundibula with the mesial infundibulum prone to incomplete cementogenesis due to early blood supply cessation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suske
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pöschke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schrock
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kirschner
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brockmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35390 Giessen, Germany. Electronic address: Carsten.Staszyk@vetmed.uni-giessen.de.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Staszyk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000098:blood supply / Q000254:growth & development*; D025021:Cementogenesis; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000098:blood supply; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000098:blood supply / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000098:blood supply / Q000254:growth & development*
keywords: Cementum; Dentistry; Horse; Infundibulum; Odontogenesis