title: The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions implemented after the Indian Ocean Tsunami: A systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, the number of natural disasters has increased sixfold when compared to the 1960s. The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami offered provided an opportunity for scientifically investigating the effectiveness of post-disaster programs across countries with diverse ethnic, religious and cultural backgrounds.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of psychological interventions focused on the prevention or reduction in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and/or enhancement of psychological well-being implemented after the 2004 Tsunami.
  
  
  METHODS
  We systematically searched through MEDLINE, PsycINFO and The Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress (PILOTS) databases using the following keywords: 'tsunami' OR 'Indian Ocean', AND 'intervention'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our systematic review included 10 studies which adopted 10 different psychological interventions. A total of 8 of the 10 studies reported positive results in reducing PTSD symptoms and most interventions showed high levels of cultural sensitivity. No significant harmful effects of the included interventions were identified although two studies used potentially harmful interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence-based practice is a process of collaborative decision-making between the affected ones and interventionists. The practitioner assesses not only the availability of the level of evidence of the preferred interventions, but he or she also assesses his or her own expertise, the availability of resources, the surrounding context and the characteristics, values and preferences of relevant stakeholders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lipinski
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Lucia L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China paulw@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Paul W C
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D004190:Disasters / Q000266:history*; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D019156:Indian Ocean; D011613:Psychotherapy; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D057192:Tsunamis / Q000266:history*
keywords: Indian Ocean Tsunami; effectiveness; efficacies; psychosocial interventions; systematic review