title: Lecithin-Based Nano-emulsification Improves the Bioavailability of Conjugated Linoleic Acid.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effects of lecithin-based nano-emulsification on the heat stability and bioavailability of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in different free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) forms. CLA nano-emulsion in TG form exhibited a small droplet size (70-120 nm) compared to CLA nano-emulsion in FFA form (230-260 nm). Nano-emulsification protected CLA isomers in TG form, but not in free form, against thermal decomposition during the heat treatment. The in vitro bioavailability test using monolayers of Caco-2 human intestinal cells showed that nano-emulsification increased the cellular uptake of CLA in both FFA and TG forms. More importantly, a rat feeding study showed that CLA content in small intestinal tissues or plasma was higher when CLA was emulsified, indicating an enhanced oral bioavailability of CLA by nano-emulsification. These results provide important information for development of nano-emulsion-based delivery systems that improve thermal stability and bioavailability of CLA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D054709:Lecithins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D054709:Lecithins; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
keywords: bioavailability; conjugated linoleic acid; heat stability; nano-emulsificaion; soybean lecithin