title: Association Between Colorectal Cancer and Atherosclerotic Diseases: A Study Using a National Inpatient Database in Japan.
abstract: Both colorectal neoplasms and atherosclerosis can be induced by common visceral fat accumulation. However, the association between these diseases at the advanced stage, colorectal cancer and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, has not been elucidated.
  
  
  
  This study aimed to investigate the association between colorectal cancer and vascular diseases in relation to obesity and metabolic disorders, using a nationwide database of hospitalized patients in Japan. We used non-cardiac gastric cancer patients as a reference, because they were considered to be neutral for obesity or metabolic disorders.
  
  
  
  We identified 54,591 patients with colorectal cancer and 19,565 patients with gastric cancer from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. The data collected included: sex; age; body mass index (BMI); smoking status; comorbidity; and medication data, comprising hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and stroke. We compared these data in a cross-sectional setting by multivariate analyses.
  
  
  
  Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that female sex, increased BMI, hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 1.11; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.15; P < 0.0001], and diabetes (OR 1.17; 95 % CI 1.12-1.23; P < 0.0001) were more associated with colorectal cancer than with gastric cancer. Smoking, aspirin use (OR 0.85; 95 % CI 0.79-0.92; P < 0.0001), and coronary artery disease (OR 0.90; 95 % CI 0.86-0.95; P = 0.0001) were inversely associated with colorectal cancer.
  
  
  
  Obesity and metabolic disorders were more associated with colorectal cancer than with non-cardiac gastric cancer, while coronary artery disease (CAD) was inversely associated. Some mechanisms involving separate populations of colorectal cancer and CAD under visceral fat accumulation might be suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. yamaji-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9445-0747
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasunaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuntaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Headquarters, 2-5-21 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyohide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fushimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Colorectal neoplasms; Coronary disease; Obesity; Stroke
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