title: Loose Plant Architecture1 (LPA1) determines lamina joint bending by suppressing auxin signalling that interacts with C-22-hydroxylated and 6-deoxo brassinosteroids in rice.
abstract: Lamina inclination is a key agronomical character that determines plant architecture and is sensitive to auxin and brassinosteroids (BRs). Loose Plant Architecture1 (LPA1) in rice (Oryza sativa) and its Arabidopsis homologues (SGR5/AtIDD15) have been reported to control plant architecture and auxin homeostasis. This study explores the role of LPA1 in determining lamina inclination in rice. LPA1 acts as a positive regulator to suppress lamina bending. Genetic and biochemical data indicate that LPA1 suppresses the auxin signalling that interacts with C-22-hydroxylated and 6-deoxo BRs, which regulates lamina inclination independently of OsBRI1. Mutant lpa1 plants are hypersensitive to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) during the lamina inclination response, which is suppressed by the brassinazole (Brz) inhibitor of C-22 hydroxylase involved in BR synthesis. A strong synergic effect is detected between lpa1 and d2 (the defective mutant for catalysis of C-23-hydroxylated BRs) during IAA-mediated lamina inclination. No significant interaction between LPA1 and OsBRI1 was identified. The lpa1 mutant is sensitive to C-22-hydroxylated and 6-deoxo BRs in the d61-1 (rice BRI1 mutant) background. We present evidence verifying that two independent pathways function via either BRs or BRI1 to determine IAA-mediated lamina inclination in rice. RNA sequencing analysis and qRT-PCR indicate that LPA1 influences the expression of three OsPIN genes (OsPIN1a, OsPIN1c and OsPIN3a), which suggests that auxin flux might be an important factor in LPA1-mediated lamina inclination in rice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jing Miao
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ju
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Shengyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shengyang, China 110866.
authors.forename: Yuan Hu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung Il
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Je
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Vikranth
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ryza A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Priatama
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Vimal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raj K
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Ki
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS (National Institute of Crop Science), RDA, 20th Jeompiljaero, Miryang, Gyeongnam 627-803, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 441-857, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Anil Kumar Nalini
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hong
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Joetsu University of Education, Joetsu, Niigata 943-8512 Japan.
authors.forename: Suguru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takatsuto
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea cdhan@gsnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chang-Deok
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D060406:Brassinosteroids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D060406:Brassinosteroids; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: 6-deoxos BRs.; Auxin; C-22-hydroxylated BRs; Loose Plant Architecture1 (LPA1); OsPINs; lamina inclination; lamina joints; plant architecture; rice (Oryza sativa)
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