title: Effect of dietary Schizochytrium microalga oil on selected markers of low-grade inflammation in rats.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate a potential of Schizochytrium microalga oil to alleviate possible negative effects of high-fat-high-energy diets. Forty adult male rats (Wistar Albino) were fed 7 weeks the diet containing beef tallow + evaporated sweetened milk (diet T) intended to cause mild obesity and low-grade systemic inflammation. Consequently, the animals were divided into four groups by 10 animals each and fed either the T-diet (control) or the diet containing 6% of safflower oil (S), 6% of fish oil (F) and 6% of Schizochytrium microalga oil (A), respectively, for another 7 weeks. The A-diet decreased (p < 0.05) live weight to 86% and glycaemia to 85% of control, respectively; an effect of the S- and F-diet on these markers was insignificant (p > 0.05). In comparison with control, higher (p < 0.05) deposition of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) of the A-rats correlated with increased (p < 0.05) plasma adiponectin concentration, but it was without the effect (p > 0.05) on cellular adiponectin content in the EAT. Higher (p < 0.05) EPA+DHA deposition in the liver of the A-rats correlated with higher expression (149% of control; p < 0.05) of the gene coding for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and with lower expression (82% and 66%; p < 0.05) of the genes coding for adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2; no relationship to the expression of receptor GPR120 was found. The A-diet did not affect amount of the nuclear fraction of the nuclear factor kappa B in the liver, but increased plasma level of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β1 (p < 0.05). The presented data agree with results of other in vivo rodent and human studies, but not with literature data regarding in vitro experiments: it can be concluded that the effects of dietary oils on inflammatory markers need further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komprda
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sládek
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Škultéty
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Křížková
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rozíková
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Němcová
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Šustrová
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valová
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: GPR120; NF-κB; TNF-α; adiponectin; docosahexaenoic acid