title: Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Exploits Inflammation to Modify Swine Intestinal Microbiota.
abstract: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is an important zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogen responsible for foodborne disease worldwide. It is a successful enteric pathogen because it has developed virulence strategies allowing it to survive in a highly inflamed intestinal environment exploiting inflammation to overcome colonization resistance provided by intestinal microbiota. In this study, we used piglets featuring an intact microbiota, which naturally develop gastroenteritis, as model for salmonellosis. We compared the effects on the intestinal microbiota induced by a wild type and an attenuated S. Typhimurium in order to evaluate whether the modifications are correlated with the virulence of the strain. This study showed that Salmonella alters microbiota in a virulence-dependent manner. We found that the wild type S. Typhimurium induced inflammation and a reduction of specific protecting microbiota species (SCFA-producing bacteria) normally involved in providing a barrier against pathogens. Both these effects could contribute to impair colonization resistance, increasing the host susceptibility to wild type S. Typhimurium colonization. In contrast, the attenuated S. Typhimurium, which is characterized by a reduced ability to colonize the intestine, and by a very mild inflammatory response, was unable to successfully sustain competition with the microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di SanitàRome, Italy; Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of PaduaPadua, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drumo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di SanitàRome, Italy; VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense MadridMadrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pesciaroli
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruggeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarantino
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chirullo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pistoia
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petrucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e della Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moscati
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e della Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manuali
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e della Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pavone
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picciolini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Roma Tor Vergata Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ammendola
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gabai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Roma Tor Vergata Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battistoni
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e della Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pezzotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Alborali
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Napolioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Area, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e della Marche Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Magistrali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000898:Antibiosis; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D007249:Inflammation; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine
keywords: Salmonella Typhimurium; immune response; inflammation; microbiota; pig; salmonellosis
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