title: Mesenchymal stem cells for treating ocular surface diseases.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have become a promising tool for cell therapy in regenerative medicine. They are readily available, demonstrate powerful differentiation capabilities and present immunosuppressive properties that aid them in surviving from host immune rejection for its great potential use in allograft. Currently clinical trials are underway using MSC, both culture-expanded allogeneic and autologous, for the treatment of a range of diseases not treatable by conventional therapies. A vast array of studies has dedicated towards the use of MSC for treating corneal diseases with very promising outcomes. MSC have successfully differentiated into keratocytes both in vitro and in vivo, and corneal epithelial cells in vitro, but it is uncertain if MSC can assume corneal epithelial cells in vivo. However, to date few studies have unequivocally established the efficacy of MSC for treating corneal endothelial defects. Currently, the diversity in protocols of the isolation and expansion of MSC are hindering to the assessment of cell treatment ability and the further development of treatment regimens. Therefore, future studies should develop international standards for MSC isolation and characterization. In this review, we discuss recent advances in MSC for treating ocular surface diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. LZHANG98@JHMI.EDU.
authors.forename: Liyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. vcoulsonthomas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vivien Jane
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Coulson-Thomas
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. gesteits@ucmail.uc.edu.
authors.forename: Tarsis Gesteira
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Winston.Kao@UC.Edu.
authors.forename: Winston W Y
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D044968:Regenerative Medicine
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