title: Oyster reproduction is affected by exposure to polystyrene microplastics.
abstract: Plastics are persistent synthetic polymers that accumulate as waste in the marine environment. Microplastic (MP) particles are derived from the breakdown of larger debris or can enter the environment as microscopic fragments. Because filter-feeder organisms ingest MP while feeding, they are likely to be impacted by MP pollution. To assess the impact of polystyrene microspheres (micro-PS) on the physiology of the Pacific oyster, adult oysters were experimentally exposed to virgin micro-PS (2 and 6 µm in diameter; 0.023 mg·L(-1)) for 2 mo during a reproductive cycle. Effects were investigated on ecophysiological parameters; cellular, transcriptomic, and proteomic responses; fecundity; and offspring development. Oysters preferentially ingested the 6-µm micro-PS over the 2-µm-diameter particles. Consumption of microalgae and absorption efficiency were significantly higher in exposed oysters, suggesting compensatory and physical effects on both digestive parameters. After 2 mo, exposed oysters had significant decreases in oocyte number (-38%), diameter (-5%), and sperm velocity (-23%). The D-larval yield and larval development of offspring derived from exposed parents decreased by 41% and 18%, respectively, compared with control offspring. Dynamic energy budget modeling, supported by transcriptomic profiles, suggested a significant shift of energy allocation from reproduction to structural growth, and elevated maintenance costs in exposed oysters, which is thought to be caused by interference with energy uptake. Molecular signatures of endocrine disruption were also revealed, but no endocrine disruptors were found in the biological samples. This study provides evidence that micro-PS cause feeding modifications and reproductive disruption in oysters, with significant impacts on offspring.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sussarellu
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suquet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Yoann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabioux
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Marie Eve Julie
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pernet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Goïc
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Virgile
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Quillien
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mingant
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Yanouk
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Epelboin
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Corporeau
authors.affiliation: Centre de Documentation de Recherche d'Expérimentations, 29218 Brest, France;
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guyomarch
authors.affiliation: Instituut poor Landbouw en Visserijonderzoek, 8400 Ostend, Belgium.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robbens
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Ika
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paul-Pont
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France;
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soudant
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO-CNRS-Institute Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer-Institute de Recherche pour le Développement, 29280 Plouzané, France; arnaud.huvet@ifremer.fr.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huvet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D010125:Ostreidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010969:Plastics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020543:Proteome; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics; D011137:Polystyrenes; D020543:Proteome
keywords: energy allocation; microplastic; oyster; reproduction
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