title: Implication of Cytotoxic Helicobacter pylori Infection in Autoimmune Diabetes.
abstract: Background. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been linked to Helicobacter pylori infection, although results are conflicting. No previous study addressed a possible link between H. pylori infection and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). In this study, a correlation among H. pylori infection and the risk of autoimmune diabetes in comparison with T2D was investigated. Methods. Sera from 234 LADA patients, 105 patients with late-onset T1D, and 156 patients with T2D were analyzed for anti-H. pylori and the cytotoxin-associated antigen (CagA) IgG antibodies. Results. H. pylori seroprevalence was comparable in LADA (52%), late-onset T1D (45%), and T2D (49%) with no gender differences. The seroprevalence of CagA IgG was significantly higher in autoimmune diabetes (late-onset T1D: 45%, LADA: 40%) compared to T2D (25%; p < 0.028). Conclusions. Although H. pylori seroprevalence was similar in LADA, T1D, and T2D, anti-CagA positivity was significantly increased among patients with autoimmune diabetes, suggesting that more virulent H. pylori strains might be a trigger for immune mechanisms involved in their pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Delitala
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Pes
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Hoda M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Malaty
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Gavino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pisanu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delitala
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Dore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori
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