title: Nitrogen removal performance in planted and unplanted horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands treating different influent COD/N ratios.
abstract: Microcosm horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSFCWs) were used to examine the impacts of vegetation on nitrogen dynamics treating different influent COD/N ratios (1:1, 4:1, and 8:1). An increase in the COD/N ratio led to increased reductions in NO3 and total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in planted and unplanted wetlands, but diminished removal of NH4. The HSSFCW planted with Canna indica L. exhibited a significant reduction in NH4 compared to the unplanted system, particularly in the active root zone where NH4 removal performance increased by up to 26 % at the COD/N ratio of 8:1. There was no significant difference in NO3 removal between the planted and unplanted wetlands. TIN removal efficiency in the planted wetland increased with COD/N ratios, which was likely influenced by plant uptake. NH4 reductions were greater in planted wetland at the 20- and 40-cm depths while NO3 reductions were uniformly greater with depth in all cases, but no statistical difference was impacted by depth on TIN removal. These findings show that planting a HSSFCW can provide some benefit in reducing nitrogen loads in effluents, but only when a sufficient carbon source is present.
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.|Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1771, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.|Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ullman
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1771, USA.|Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1771, USA.
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Ambrose
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China. newmountain@163.com.
authors.forename: Xinshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhimiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D002244:Carbon; D058440:Denitrification; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D009584:Nitrogen; D058458:Nitrogen Cycle; D010944:Plants; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: COD/N ratio; Dissolved oxygen; Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland; Nitrogen removal; Wetland plants
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2012 Jun;114:62-8
references.pmid: 22487133
references.citation: Water Res. 2009 Feb;43(2):535-45
references.pmid: 19036399
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2013 Jan;128:565-70
references.pmid: 23211481
references.citation: Chemosphere. 2014 Dec;117:502-5
references.pmid: 25259785
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2007 Jul 15;79(14):5297-303
references.pmid: 17567102
references.citation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Sep;20(9):5922-9
references.pmid: 23729029
references.citation: Water Sci Technol. 2003;48(5):191-8
references.pmid: 14621164
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2013 Sep;143:461-6
references.pmid: 23831745
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2015 Dec;198:7-15
references.pmid: 26360599
references.citation: J Environ Sci (China). 2009;21(8):1036-43
references.pmid: 19862915
references.citation: Sci Total Environ. 2007 Jul 15;380(1-3):48-65
references.pmid: 17078997
references.citation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Sep;22(17):12829-39
references.pmid: 25233917
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2010 Oct;101(19):7239-44
references.pmid: 20451374
references.citation: Environ Pollut. 2002;119(3):413-20
references.pmid: 12166674
references.citation: Water Sci Technol. 2005;51(9):213-23
references.pmid: 16042261
references.citation: Clin Chem. 1997 Apr;43(4):657-62
references.pmid: 9105269
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2011 Apr;102(7):4913-6
references.pmid: 21295973
references.citation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Apr;20(4):2448-55
references.pmid: 22941048
references.citation: Talanta. 2011 Apr 15;84(2):443-50
references.pmid: 21376971
references.citation: J Environ Sci (China). 2009;21(11):1480-5
references.pmid: 20108678