title: Podoplanin serum and urine concentration in transitional bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Podoplanin (PDP) is a mucin - a type of transmembrane protein expressed in numerous tissues during ontogeny and in adult animals, including the brain, heart, kidney, osteoblasts and lymphoid organs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine podoplanin concentration in the blood serum and urine of patients with bladder cancer. Quantifying podoplanin concentration and its correlation with various clinicopathological parameters may be useful for more accurate predictions and identifying high-risk patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study included 82 patients with bladder cancer confirmed by transurethral resection or cystectomy and 27 healthy volunteers. The Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging biosensor was applied for the detection of podoplanin in the serum and urine samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in serum and urine podoplanin concentration levels were observed between bladder cancer patients. The statistically significant higher values of PDP were detected in serum of patients with invasive, more aggressive, larger, multifocal tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between podoplanin concentration and clinicopathological features indicates that it might be useful while making therapeutic decisions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sankiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, J. Sniadecki Provincial Hospital of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guszcz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry University of Valencia, Burjassot-Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mena-Hortelano
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zukowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gorodkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D000098853:Podoplanin
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003404:Creatinine; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C117468:PDPN protein, human; D000098853:Podoplanin
keywords: Podoplanin; bladder cancer; surface plasmon resonance imaging biosensor; transitional cell carcinoma