title: Ghrelin and Neurodegenerative Disorders-a Review.
abstract: Ghrelin, the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a), is a gut-derived, orexigenic peptide hormone that primarily regulates growth hormone secretion, food intake, and energy homeostasis. With the wide expression of GHS-R1a in extra-hypothalamic regions, the physiological role of ghrelin is more extensive than solely its involvement in metabolic function. Ghrelin has been shown to be involved in numerous higher brain functions, such as memory, reward, mood, and sleep. Some of these functions are disrupted in neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Huntington's disease (HD). This link between ghrelin and these neurodegenerative diseases is supported by numerous studies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent evidence of the novel neuromodulatory role of ghrelin in PD, AD, and HD. Moreover, the changes in circulating and/or central ghrelin levels that are associated with disease progression are also postulated to be a biomarker for clinical diagnosis and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
authors.forename: Xixun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China. hongjiang@qdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China. jxiaxie@public.qd.sd.cn.
authors.forename: Junxia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054439:Ghrelin
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Biomarker; Ghrelin; Neurodegeneration; Parkinson’s disease
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