title: IPN hydrogel nanocomposites based on agarose and ZnO with antifouling and bactericidal properties.
abstract: Nanocomposite hydrogels with interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure based on poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate modified ZnO (ZnO-PEGMA) and 4-azidobenzoic agarose (AG-N3) were prepared by a one-pot strategy under UV irradiation. The hydrogels exhibited a highly macroporous spongelike structure, and the pore size decreased with the increase of the ZnO-PEGMA content. Due to the entanglement and favorable interactions between the two crosslinked networks, the IPN hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical strength and light transmittance. The maximum compressive and tensile strengths of the IPN hydrogels reached 24.8 and 1.98 MPa respectively. The transparent IPN hydrogels transmitted more than 85% of visible light at all wavelengths (400-800 nm). The IPN hydrogels exhibited anti-adhesive property towards Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the bactericidal activity increased with the ZnO-PEGMA content. The incorporation of ZnO-PEGMA did not reduce the biocompatibility of the IPN hydrogels and all the IPN nanocomposites showed negligible cytotoxicity. The present study not only provided a facile method for preparing hydrogel nanocomposites with IPN structure but also developed a new hydrogel material which might be an excellent candidate for wound dressings.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ecological-Environment Materials of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China. Electronic address: jjwang1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ecological-Environment Materials of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
authors.forename: Hongkai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ecological-Environment Materials of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
authors.forename: Zhonglin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ecological-Environment Materials of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ecological-Environment Materials of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010539:Permeability; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D012685:Sepharose / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water; D012685:Sepharose; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Antifouling; Bactericidal activity; Hydrogels; Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN); Nanocomposites