title: [Association between walking time and perception of built environment among urban adults in Hangzhou].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the association between walking time and the perception of built environment among local adults in Hangzhou.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through multistage stratified random sampling, a total of 1 440 urban residents aged 25-59 years were surveyed in Hangzhou by face-to face interview in 2012. The international physical activity questionnaire-long version (IPAQ-L) was used to assess the physical activity levels, including walking time in the past week. Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A) was used to obtain information about their perception of built environment. Multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the relationship between waking and the perception of built environment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the local adults in Hangzhou, the median of total physical activity was 2 766 met·min⁻¹·week⁻¹, the average walking time per week was 90 min for leisure and 100 min for transportation respectively. After controlling the age, marital status, BMI, educational level, employment, community type and the total PA scores, the leisure-time walking was negatively related to the accessibility to stores, facilities and other things for both man (OR=0.764, 95% CI: 0.588-0.992) and woman (OR=0.633, 95% CI: 0.481-0.833). In sex specific analysis, the leisure-time walking was negatively related with the residential density (OR=0.997, 95% CI: 0.996-0.999) while transportation related walking was positively related with walking/cycling way scores (OR=1.537, 95% CI: 1.138-2.075) in females. In contrast, there were no significant associations between perception of built environment and transportation related walking in males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improving the built environment, such as the walking/cycling way, might be useful to increase the transportation related walking time for adults. The sex specific differences need to be considered in the environment intervention for walking promotion.
authors.affiliation: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: Qingmin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China.
authors.forename: Chengjian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center; Email: lvjun@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010465:Perception; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014186:Transportation; D014505:Urban Population; D016138:Walking