title: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release studies of insulin-loaded double-walled poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to fabricate insulin-loaded double-walled and single-polymer poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres using a fast degrading glucose core, hydroxyl-terminated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (Glu-PLGA), and a moderate degrading carboxyl-terminated PLGA polymers. A modified water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water (w/o/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation technique was employed to prepare double-walled microspheres, whereas single-polymer microspheres were fabricated by a conventional water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The effect of fabrication techniques and polymer characteristics on microspheres size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release, and insulin stability was evaluated. The prepared double-walled microspheres were essentially non-porous, smooth surfaced, and spherical in shape, whereas single-polymer microspheres were highly porous. Double-walled microspheres exhibited a significantly reduced initial burst followed by sustained and almost complete release of insulin compared to single-polymer microspheres. Initial burst release was further suppressed from double-walled microspheres when the mass ratio of the component polymers was increased. In conclusion, double-walled microspheres made of Glu-PLGA and PLGA can be a potential delivery system of therapeutic insulin.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rezaul H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ansary
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia. mdrahman@iium.edu.my.
authors.forename: Mokhlesur M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, 63000, Cyberjaya, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamed B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Awang
authors.affiliation: Drug Delivery and Novel Targeting Research Group, Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Haliza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hazrina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hadi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200, Kuantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abd Almonen
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Doolaanea
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D011098:Polyglactin 910 / Q000737:chemistry*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D007328:Insulin; D011098:Polyglactin 910; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Burst release; Double-walled microspheres; Encapsulation efficiency; Poly(lactide-co-glycolide); Sustained release
references.citation: Pharm Res. 2000 Oct;17(10):1159-67
references.pmid: 11145219
references.citation: J Control Release. 2004 Jan 8;94(1):163-75
references.pmid: 14684280
references.citation: J Colloid Interface Sci. 2005 Nov 1;291(1):135-43
references.pmid: 15964579
references.citation: J Control Release. 2000 Jul 3;67(2-3):171-8
references.pmid: 10825551
references.citation: J Pharm Sci. 1997 Nov;86(11):1315-8
references.pmid: 9383747
references.citation: J Microencapsul. 2011;28(8):791-8
references.pmid: 21967461
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2013 Jan 2;440(1):99-110
references.pmid: 22227604
references.citation: J Control Release. 2007 Feb 12;117(2):163-70
references.pmid: 17141909
references.citation: J Control Release. 2000 Mar 1;65(1-2):261-9
references.pmid: 10699286
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2009 Jun 5;374(1-2):90-5
references.pmid: 19446764
references.citation: Eur J Pharm Sci. 2006 Sep;29(1):82-8
references.pmid: 16828268
references.citation: J Control Release. 2002 Oct 30;83(3):437-52
references.pmid: 12387951
references.citation: J Control Release. 2012 Feb 10;157(3):383-90
references.pmid: 21864592
references.citation: J Microencapsul. 1997 May-Jun;14(3):349-56
references.pmid: 9147284
references.citation: J Control Release. 2009 Aug 19;138(1):57-63
references.pmid: 19409427
references.citation: J Control Release. 2001 Jun 15;73(2-3):121-36
references.pmid: 11516493
references.citation: Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2014 Jun;40(6):701-10
references.pmid: 23594302
references.citation: Drug Deliv. 2006 Mar-Apr;13(2):149-57
references.pmid: 16423804
references.citation: Indian J Pharm Sci. 2008 Jan;70(1):61-5
references.pmid: 20390082
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2010 Oct 15;398(1-2):146-54
references.pmid: 20691251
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2009 Aug 13;378(1-2):159-66
references.pmid: 19465100
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2012 Apr 4;425(1-2):1-8
references.pmid: 22248666
references.citation: J Pharm Sci. 2007 Nov;96(11):3010-23
references.pmid: 17588259
references.citation: J Control Release. 2003 Sep 19;92(1-2):173-87
references.pmid: 14499195
references.citation: Nanoscale Res Lett. 2012 Jun 08;7(1):299
references.pmid: 22682064
references.citation: J Control Release. 2010 Dec 1;148(2):168-76
references.pmid: 20709120
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2009 Jun 22;375(1-2):114-22
references.pmid: 19481697
references.citation: PDA J Pharm Sci Technol. 1999 Jan-Feb;53(1):3-10
references.pmid: 10343502
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2013 Sep 15;454(1):278-84
references.pmid: 23830939
references.citation: J Pharm Sci. 1997 Dec;86(12):1464-77
references.pmid: 9423163
references.citation: J Microencapsul. 2013;30(8):741-54
references.pmid: 23631379
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2013 Aug 16;452(1-2):227-32
references.pmid: 23694803
references.citation: J Pharm Sci. 2012 Aug;101(8):2787-97
references.pmid: 22573569
references.citation: J Microencapsul. 1999 Mar-Apr;16(2):153-67
references.pmid: 10080110