title: Risk Factors Of Pancreatitis After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography--A Retrospective Cohort Study.
abstract: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the most important non-surgical procedure in serious pancreatic and biliary diseases, still burdened with the risk of severe complications. The objective of the study was to distinguish factors which could increase the risk of occurrence of ERCP complication in the form of pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 452 patients who had undergone ERCP. Patients' records were retrospectively analyzed from the aspect of demographic data, indications for the procedure, type and course of the procedure, type and severity of complications, width of the common bile duct (CBD), concomitant diseases and administered medicines which might increase the risk of complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 35 patients (7.7%) a complication occurred in the form of pancreatitis (AP). A severe course was confirmed in 11 patients (31%). Cholelithiasis constituted approximately 2/3 of indications for ERCP. AP after ERCP was significantly more often observed in the group of patients aged under 40 (22.9% vs 8.6%; p<0.05). Narrow biliary ducts (3-8 mm) were the factor increasing the frequency of development of AP (25.9% vs 45%; p<0.05). Death occurred in 5 patients (1.1%), including 4 patients (0.96%) in the group without complications, and in 1 patient (2.85%) with complicated AP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ERCP is a very valuable procedure in clinical treatment; however, it is burdened with the risk of complications, such as AP, bleeding, or duodenal perforation. A group especially exposed to the risk of complications in the form of AP are young patients aged under 40 with a narrow CBD.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Głuszek
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matykiewicz
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kozieł
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klimer
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wawrzycka
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogonowska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D034321:Hyperamylasemia / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index