title: The effect of concomitant glenohumeral joint capsule release during rotator cuff repair--a comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is debate as to whether to operate or to defer surgery on patients with concomitant rotator cuff tear and shoulder stiffness. The purpose of this study was therefore to compare the outcomes in those patients who had both their rotator cuff tear and shoulder stiffness treated with the outcomes of patients who had a rotator cuff repair but no stiffness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients formed the stiffness group (receiving a concomitant rotator cuff repair and manipulation under anesthesia ± arthroscopic capsular release for preoperative ipsilateral stiffness), and a chronologically matched group of 170 rotator cuff repair-only patients formed the nonstiffness group. Patients ranked their pain and function scores preoperatively and at 1 week, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, and 2 years postoperatively; examiners recorded range of motion, strength, and presence of impingement signs. Repair integrity was determined using ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients from both groups had significantly improved clinical outcomes at the 2-year follow-up compared with preoperative values. Range of motion was similar between groups at 2 years for forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation, whereas the nonstiffness group had a superior range of internal rotation (P = .014). Stiffness patients had 0 of 25 (0%) retears at 2 years compared with 34 of 170 (20%) in the nonstiffness group (P = .009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The good outcomes of rotator cuff repair with glenohumeral capsular release disproved our hypothesis and suggest that there is no advantage in delaying repair of a rotator cuff tear to allow stiffness to resolve and that stiffness confers an advantage in terms of repair integrity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level III; Retrospective Cohort Design; Treatment Study.
authors.affiliation: The Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital, The University of New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Jordan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.affiliation: The Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital, The University of New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Patrick H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: The Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital, The University of New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Martin T S
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: The Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital, The University of New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: murrell.g@ori.org.au.
authors.forename: George A C
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Murrell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000209:etiology; D001182:Arthroscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D057913:Joint Capsule Release; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012399:Rotation; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Rotator cuff tear; capsular release; frozen shoulder; manipulation under anesthesia; rotator cuff repair; shoulder stiffness