title: Voice tuning with new instruments for type II thyroplasty in the treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adductor spasmodic dysphonia is a rare voice disorder characterized by strained and strangled voice quality with intermittent phonatory breaks and adductory vocal fold spasms. Type II thyroplasty differs from previous treatments in that this surgery does not involve any surgical intervention into the laryngeal muscle, nerve or vocal folds. Type II thyroplasty intervenes in the thyroid cartilage, which is unrelated to the lesion. This procedure, conducted with the aim of achieving lateralization of the vocal folds, requires utmost surgical caution due to the extreme delicacy of the surgical site, critically sensitive adjustment, and difficult procedures to maintain the incised cartilages at a correct position. During surgery, the correct separation of the incised cartilage edges with voice monitoring is the most important factor determining surgical success and patient satisfaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We designed new surgical instruments: a thyroid cartilage elevator for undermining the thyroid cartilage, and spacer devices to gauge width while performing voice monitoring. These devices were designed to prevent surgical complications, and to aid in selecting the optimal size of titanium bridges while temporally maintaining a separation during voice monitoring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We designed new surgical instruments, including a thyroid cartilage elevator and spacer devices. Precise surgical procedures and performing voice tuning during surgery with the optimal separation width of the thyroid cartilage are key points for surgical success.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We introduce the technique of voice tuning using these surgical tools in order to achieve a better outcome with minimal surgical complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. Electronic address: otostl0319@fc.kuh.kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toya
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055154:Dysphonia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058753:Laryngoplasty / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013035:Spasm / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013957:Thyroid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014833:Voice Quality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: A thyroid cartilage elevator; Adductor spasmodic dysphonia; Spacer devices; Type II thyroplasty