title: Addressing defeatist beliefs in work rehabilitation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adults with serious mental illness (SMI) may struggle with expectations of failure in vocational rehabilitation. These expectations can be global and trait-like or performance-specific and related to ability.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To date, it has not been examined whether global or performance-specific defeatist beliefs are related to functional outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Indianapolis Vocational Intervention Program (IVIP) is a CBT intervention used to address expectations of failure and improve work performance. We examined the relationships between defeatist beliefs, self-esteem, social functioning, and work behaviors in 54 adults with SMI who completed IVIP within a work therapy program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline work-specific defeatist beliefs were related to baseline self-esteem, employment attitude, and work behaviors. Decline in work-specific defeatist beliefs was associated with better social functioning, self-esteem, and work behaviors. Decline in global defeatist beliefs was only associated with improvements in social functioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Performance-specific expectations about work may be an appropriate therapeutic target to enhance work outcome in SMI.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , MN , USA.
authors.forename: Joshua E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mervis
authors.affiliation: b Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Lysaker
authors.affiliation: c Psychology Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT & Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.
authors.forename: Joanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fiszdon
authors.affiliation: c Psychology Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT & Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.
authors.forename: Morris D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: d Department of Psychology , American University , Washington , DC , USA.
authors.forename: Amanda E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Chue
authors.affiliation: e Columbia Psychiatry, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA , and.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pauls
authors.affiliation: e Columbia Psychiatry, Columbia University , New York , NY , USA , and.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bisoglio
authors.affiliation: f Institute of Living/Hartford Healthcare Corporation , Hartford , CT , USA.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012050:Rehabilitation, Vocational; D012649:Self Concept; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Defeatist beliefs; schizophrenia; severe mental illness; vocational rehabilitation
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