title: Factors associated to recurrent wheezing in infants under one year of age in the province of Salamanca, Spain: Is intervention possible? A predictive model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Wheezing is a very common problem in infants in the first months of life. The objective of this study is to identify risk factors that may be acted upon in order to modify the evolution of recurrent wheezing in the first months of life, and to develop a model based on certain factors associated to recurrent wheezing in nursing infants capable of predicting the probability of developing recurrent wheezing in the first year of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample was drawn from a cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive epidemiological study based on the general population. A total of 1164 children were studied, corresponding to a questionnaire response rate of 71%. The questionnaire of the Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes (EISL) was used. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the probability of developing recurrent wheezing and to quantify the contribution of each individual variable in the presence of the rest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infants presenting eczema and attending nursery school, with a mother who has asthma, smoked during the third trimester of pregnancy, and did not consume a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy were found to have a probability of 79.7% of developing recurrent wheezing in the first year of life. In contrast, infants with none of these factors were seen to have a probability of only 4.1% of developing recurrent wheezing in the first year of life. These results in turn varied according to modifications in the risk or protective factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mathematical model estimated the probability of developing recurrent wheezing in infants under one year of age in the province of Salamanca (Spain), according to the risk or protective factors associated to recurrent wheezing to which the infants are or have been exposed.
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Pediatrician, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pellegrini-Belinchón
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lorente-Toledano
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galindo-Villardón
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Pediatrician, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Carvajal
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Pediatrician, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín-Martín
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, El Pino Hospital, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), Chile.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallol
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: lgmarcos@um.es.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García-Marcos
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Asthma; EISL study; Mediterranean diet; Recurrent wheezing; Wheezing; Wheezing in infants