title: A review on therapeutic contact lenses for ocular drug delivery.
abstract: Contact lenses for ophthalmic drug delivery have become very popular, due to their unique advantages like extended wear and more than 50% bioavailability. To achieve controlled and sustained drug delivery from contact lenses, researchers are working on various systems like polymeric nanoparticles, microemulsion, micelle, liposomes, use of vitamin E, etc. Numerous scientists are working on different areas of therapeutic contact lenses to treat ocular diseases by implementing techniques like soaking method, molecular imprinting, entrapment of drug-laden colloidal nanoparticles, drug plate/film, ion ligand polymeric systems, supercritical fluid technology, etc. Though sustained drug delivery was achieved using contact lens, the critical properties such as water content, tensile strength (mechanical properties), ion permeability, transparency and oxygen permeability were altered, which limit the commercialization of therapeutic contact lenses. Also issues like drug stability during processing/fabrication (drug integrity test), zero order release kinetics (prevent burst release), drug release during monomer extraction step after fabrication (to remove un-reacted monomers), protein adherence, drug release during storage in packaging solution, shelf life study, cost-benefit analysis, etc. are still to be addressed. This review provides an expert opinion on different methodology to develop therapeutic contact lenses with special remark of their advantages and limitations.
authors.affiliation: a Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University , Gujarat , India.
authors.forename: Furqan A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Maulvi
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Pharmacy , Dharmsinh Desai University , Gujarat , India.
authors.forename: Tejal G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Soni
authors.affiliation: c Shah-Schulman Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, Dharmsinh Desai University , Gujarat , India.|d Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Anaesthesiology , University of Florida , FL , USA , and.|e School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University , New York , USA.
authors.forename: Dinesh O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D060433:Administration, Ophthalmic; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D003261:Contact Lenses; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011108:Polymers
keywords: Challenges; critical lens property; ophthalmic drug delivery; sustained drug delivery; therapeutic contact lenses