title: Possible Biomarkers in Blood for Crohn's Disease: Oxidative Stress and MicroRNAs-Current Evidences and Further Aspects to Unravel.
abstract: Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory disorder characterised by a transmural inflammation of the intestinal wall. Although the physiopathology of the disease is not yet fully understood, it is clear that the immune response plays an important role in it. This hyperreactive immune system is accompanied by the presence of unregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS). These elements are modulated in normal conditions by different elements, including enzymes that function as antioxidant defences preventing the harmful effects of ROS. However, in CD there is an imbalance between ROS production and these antioxidant elements, resulting in oxidative stress (OxS) phenomena. In fact, now OxS is being considered more a potential etiological factor for Crohn's disease rather than a concomitant effect in the disease. The persistence of the OxS can also be influencing the evolution of the disease. Furthermore, the epigenetic mechanisms, above all microRNAs, are being considered key elements in the pathogenesis of CD. These elements and the presence of OxS have also been linked to several diseases. We, therefore, describe in this review the most significant findings related to oxidative stress and microRNAs profiles in the peripheral blood of CD patients.
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moret-Tatay
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iborra
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cerrillo
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tortosa
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nos
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beltrán
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000097:blood*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D005609:Free Radicals; D035683:MicroRNAs; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
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