title: Kinematics and kinetics during walking in individuals with gluteal tendinopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lateral hip pain during walking is a feature of gluteal tendinopathy but little is known how walking biomechanics differ in individuals with gluteal tendinopathy. This study aimed to compare walking kinematics and kinetics between individuals with and without gluteal tendinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional walking-gait analysis was conducted on 40 individuals aged 35 to 70 years with unilateral gluteal tendinopathy and 40 pain-free controls. An analysis of covariance was used to compare kinematic and kinetic variables between groups. Linear regression was performed to investigate the relationship between kinematics and external hip adduction moment in the gluteal tendinopathy group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals with gluteal tendinopathy demonstrated a greater hip adduction moment throughout stance than controls (standardized mean difference ranging from 0.60 (first peak moment) to 0.90 (second peak moment)). Contralateral trunk lean at the time of the first peak hip adduction moment was 1.2 degrees greater (P=0.04), and pelvic drop at the second peak hip adduction moment 1.4 degrees greater (P=0.04), in individuals with gluteal tendinopathy. Two opposite trunk and pelvic strategies were also identified within the gluteal tendinopathy group. Contralateral pelvic drop was significantly correlated with the first (R=0.35) and second peak (R=0.57) hip adduction moment, and hip adduction angle with the second peak hip adduction moment (R=-0.36) in those with gluteal tendinopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with gluteal tendinopathy exhibit greater hip adduction moments and alterations in trunk and pelvic kinematics during walking. Findings provide a basis to consider frontal plane pelvic control in the management of gluteal tendinopathy.
authors.affiliation: The University of Melbourne, Department of Physiotherapy, 161 Barry St, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. Electronic address: kallison1@student.unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.affiliation: The University of Melbourne, Department of Physiotherapy, 161 Barry St, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. Electronic address: timw@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Tim V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Wrigley
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. Electronic address: b.vicenzino@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vicenzino
authors.affiliation: The University of Melbourne, Department of Physiotherapy, 161 Barry St, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. Electronic address: k.bennell@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kim L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Bennell
authors.affiliation: Physiotec Physiotherapy, 23 Weller Rd, Tarragindi, QLD, 4121, Australia. Electronic address: info@dralisongrimaldi.com.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grimaldi
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. Electronic address: p.hodges@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Hodges
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002081:Buttocks / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016138:Walking
keywords: External hip adduction moment; Gait; Gluteal tendinopathy; Kinematics; Kinetics; Walking