title: Long-term outcome after topical ciclosporin in severe dry eye disease with a 10-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a 10-year follow-up of patients suffering from severe dry eye syndrome (DES) initially treated with topical ciclosporin A (tCSA) for 6 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 26 patients with severe DES related to keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and followed for a minimum 10-year follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. All of them were treated initially with tCSA for 6 months. The Schirmer I test, fluorescein and lissamine green staining scores and tear film break-up time (TBUT) were recorded to assess clinical symptoms before, during and after treatment. The subjective signs were evaluated with the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire. Prolongation and reintroduction of tCSA after the initial treatment and combined treatments were also noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall the median (IQR) duration of tCSA treatment was 23 (7-51) months after a prolonged induction treatment lasting 20 (8-41) months during the 10-year follow-up. For symptoms, a statistically significant difference in the OSDI between baseline and the end of the 10-year follow-up was not found (p=0.67). We noted a statistically significant improvement in all clinical signs after the initial treatment period, still present at the end of follow-up. Only 6.5% of the patients needed reintroduction of tCSA after their prolonged induction treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The improvement observed after an initial tCSA treatment was sustained after a long-term follow-up with few cases requiring additional tCSA treatment. A prolonged induction treatment to decrease initial inflammatory local signs is a promising option in KCS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Lyon Sud, France.
authors.forename: Morgane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Straub
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France.|Eye and Nutrition Research Group, CSGA, UMR 1324 INRA, 6265 CNRS, Burgundy, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Alain M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muselier-Mathieu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France.|Eye and Nutrition Research Group, CSGA, UMR 1324 INRA, 6265 CNRS, Burgundy, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Creuzot-Garcher
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003315:Cornea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D016572:Cyclosporine
keywords: Inflammation; Ocular surface; Tears
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