title: Most microbe-specific naïve CD4⁺ T cells produce memory cells during infection.
abstract: Infection elicits CD4(+) memory T lymphocytes that participate in protective immunity. Although memory cells are the progeny of naïve T cells, it is unclear that all naïve cells from a polyclonal repertoire have memory cell potential. Using a single-cell adoptive transfer and spleen biopsy method, we found that in mice, essentially all microbe-specific naïve cells produced memory cells during infection. Different clonal memory cell populations had different B cell or macrophage helper compositions that matched effector cell populations generated much earlier in the response. Thus, each microbe-specific naïve CD4(+) T cell produces a distinctive ratio of effector cell types early in the immune response that is maintained as some cells in the clonal population become memory cells.
authors.affiliation: Immune Mediated Disease Therapy Group, Genzyme, a Sanofi Company, Framingham, MA 01701, USA.
authors.forename: Noah J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Tubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Fife
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pagan
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Dmitri I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Kotov
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. jenki002@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Marc K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000276:immunology*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; C513179:CXCR5 protein, mouse; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5; C038705:hlyA protein, Listeria monocytogenes
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