title: Possible protective role of elderberry fruit lyophilizate against selected effects of cadmium and lead intoxication in Wistar rats.
abstract: The objective of this study was the investigation whether the administration of the elderberry fruit lyophilizate under exposure to cadmium(Cd) and (Pb) lead may protect against some effects of their toxic action in Wistar rats. Rats were fed with diets containing Cd (Cd 0.025 mg/kg b.m.) or Pb (Pb 0.025 mg /kg b.m.) with the addition of the freeze-dried elderberry fruits (BEF) in the amount of 5 %. BEF added to the diet with Cd significantly decreased the activity of AST and ALT compared to the rats fed with the control diet with Cd (C + Cd). Activity of glutathione peroxidase was significantly higher in the blood of rats fed with BEF diet compared with animals fed with BEF + Cd, BEF + Pb, and C + Pb diets. Addition of BEF to the diets with Cd or Pb significantly decreased the uric acid concentration compared to the level of this parameter in the serum of animals fed with control diets containing Cd or Pb. The level of the Cd significantly decreased in the livers of rodents fed with BEF + Cd diet as compared to the concentration of this metal in the livers of rats fed with C + Cd diet. Elderberry fruit lyophilizate did not protect against the increased concentration of Cd or Pb in kidneys and bones of experimental rats; however, it improved the function of livers and kidneys, especially of rats intoxicated with Cd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149, Krakow, Poland. akopec@ar.krakow.pl.
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kopeć
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piątkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borczak
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 30-120, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Czech
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity; D004032:Diet; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027923:Sambucus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase
keywords: Antioxidants; Cadmium; Elderberry fruit lyophilizate; Lead; Rats
references.citation: Clin Chem. 1972 Jun;18(6):499-502
references.pmid: 4337382
references.citation: Interdiscip Toxicol. 2012 Jun;5(2):47-58
references.pmid: 23118587
references.citation: Curr Drug Targets. 2015;16(13):1470-87
references.pmid: 25557255
references.citation: Toxicology. 2001 Jun 21;163(2-3):93-100
references.pmid: 11516518
references.citation: Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Dec 15;80(12 ):1895-903
references.pmid: 20643109
references.citation: Chem Biol Interact. 2003 Jun 15;145(3):267-80
references.pmid: 12732454
references.citation: J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2016 Jan;33:37-47
references.pmid: 26653742
references.citation: Contrib Nephrol. 2007;156:213-9
references.pmid: 17464130
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2004 Jul;114(1):5-14
references.pmid: 15232604
references.citation: J Nutr. 1997 May;127(5 Suppl):838S-841S
references.pmid: 9164249
references.citation: Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2010;50:323-54
references.pmid: 20055707
references.citation: Food Chem Toxicol. 2014 Dec;74:98-106
references.pmid: 25265456
references.citation: J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2008 Sep-Oct;22(5):337-44
references.pmid: 18972398
references.citation: Ann Hum Biol. 2009 May-Jun;36(3):331-41
references.pmid: 19381987
references.citation: Bone. 2012 Jun;50(6):1372-8
references.pmid: 22465267
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Jun 18;62(24):5573-80
references.pmid: 24830391
references.citation: Sci Total Environ. 2005 Jun 15;346(1-3):48-55
references.pmid: 15993681
references.citation: Arch Med Res. 2010 Jan;41(1):7-13
references.pmid: 20430248
references.citation: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2000 Apr;4(2):177-83
references.pmid: 10742189
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2010 Jun;120(6):1791-9
references.pmid: 20516647
references.citation: Semin Nephrol. 2005 Jan;25(1):39-42
references.pmid: 15660333
references.citation: Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Sep;64(6):575-82
references.pmid: 21146379
references.citation: Acta Biochim Pol. 2003;50(2):543-8
references.pmid: 12833179
references.citation: J Nutr. 2003 Mar;133(3):744-51
references.pmid: 12612147
references.citation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2007 Nov;68(3):343-50
references.pmid: 17416417
references.citation: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 May;37(3):1015-27
references.pmid: 24751684
references.citation: J Med Food. 2006 Winter;9(4):498-504
references.pmid: 17201636
references.citation: Pediatr Clin North Am. 2002 Dec;49(6):1285-304, vii
references.pmid: 12580366
references.citation: Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Mar 5;229:132-46
references.pmid: 25656917
references.citation: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 1;238(3):201-8
references.pmid: 19409405
references.citation: J Med Food. 2008 Jun;11(2):252-9
references.pmid: 18598166
references.citation: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2009 Summer;129(1-3):190-9
references.pmid: 19096765
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2012 Mar 15;72(6):1459-66
references.pmid: 22422990
references.citation: Food Chem Toxicol. 2005 Nov;43(11):1647-55
references.pmid: 15975702
references.citation: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Jul 15;222(2):221-6
references.pmid: 17543360
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Aug 08;9(8):e104273
references.pmid: 25105421
references.citation: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010 Nov;30(3):264-71
references.pmid: 21787659
references.citation: Arch Environ Health. 2002 Sep-Oct;57(5):482-8
references.pmid: 12641193
references.citation: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 Jun;134(3):307-17
references.pmid: 19652923
references.citation: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008 Nov;125(2):120-32
references.pmid: 18535793
references.citation: Toxicol Sci. 2002 Aug;68(2):288-94
references.pmid: 12151624
references.citation: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Sep;142(3):309-22
references.pmid: 20676798