title: [Magnetic resonance three dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution sequence for obstructive hydrocephalus: impact on diagnosis and surgical strategy modification].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the value of magnetic resonance three dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution (3D-SPACE) sequences in diagnosis and surgical strategy modification for obstructive hydrocephalus.
  
  
  METHODS
  From March 2013 to July 2014, there were 152 cases admitted in People's Liberation Army General Hospital suffered from hydrocephalus, including 88 male patients and 64 female patients aging from 8 months to 79 years. All patients were performed magnetic resonance T2WI and 3D-SPACE sequence scanning before operation. Surgical strategy was made after evaluation of 3D-SPACE sequence. Non-communicating hydrocephalus was treated with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and communicating hydrocephalus was treated with ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. According to MR images of direct observation to site of obstruction to determine the detection rate. MRI 3D-SPACE and cranial CT examination were performed in regular follow-up studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relevance ratio of 3D-SPACE for the diagnosis of non-communicating hydrocephalus was 98.3% (114/116), while the relevance ratio of conventional T2-weighted MRI was 72.4% (84/116). Among the 152 patients, there were 36 cases with cerebral aqueduct film obstruction, 22 cases with space-occupying lesions in pineal region, posterior part of the third ventricle, or space-occupying lesions in quadrigeminal bodies area, 10 cases with Dandy-Walker symptom, 18 cases with cyst of the anterior pool of the bridge, 16 cases with cysticercosis, 4 cases with cyst of lateral ventricle, 2 cases with cyst of fourth ventricle, 2 cases with space-occupying lesion in foramen ofmonro, 2 cases with foramen ofmonro atresia, 4 cases with craniopharyngioma, 36 cases with communicating hydrocephalus. There were 112 hydrocephalus cases (73.7%) were treated with ETV, without shunt catheter insertion in follow-up study from 1 to 18 months (average (14±9) months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For obstructive hydrocephalus, MRI 3D-SPACE sequence image has high diagnostic yield rate for providing more detailed anatomical information than conventional MRI. Hence, the advanced imaging methods are helpful for surgical treatment strategy decision making.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, 458th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Guangzhou 510602, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Email: 59784555@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yunlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xinguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shaen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Fangye
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dingbiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003397:Craniopharyngioma / Q000473:pathology; D003560:Cysts / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000473:pathology; D020542:Third Ventricle; D014696:Ventriculostomy; D055815:Young Adult