title: Echoes of the embryo: using the developmental biology toolkit to study cancer.
abstract: The hallmark of embryonic development is regulation - the tendency for cells to find their way into organized and 'well behaved' structures - whereas cancer is characterized by dysregulation and disorder. At face value, cancer biology and developmental biology would thus seem to have little to do with each other. But if one looks beneath the surface, embryos and cancers share a number of cellular and molecular features. Embryos arise from a single cell and undergo rapid growth involving cell migration and cell-cell interactions: features that are also seen in the context of cancer. Consequently, many of the experimental tools that have been used to study embryogenesis for over a century are well-suited to studying cancer. This article will review the similarities between embryogenesis and cancer progression and discuss how some of the concepts and techniques used to understand embryos are now being adapted to provide insight into tumorigenesis, from the origins of cancer cells to metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Aiello
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA bstanger@exchange.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Ben Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Stanger
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D047108:Embryonic Development; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: Cancer; Embryology; Intravital imaging; Lineage tracing; Reprogramming
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