title: Strigolactones: new plant hormones in action.
abstract: The key step in the mode of action of strigolactones is the enzymatic detachment of the D-ring. The thus formed hydroxy butenolide induces conformational changes of the receptor pocket which trigger a cascade of reactions in the signal transduction. Strigolactones (SLs) constitute a new class of plant hormones which are of increasing importance in plant science. For the last 60 years, they have been known as germination stimulants for parasitic plants. Recently, several new bio-properties of SLs have been discovered such as the branching factor for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, regulation of plant architecture (inhibition of bud outgrowth and of shoot branching) and the response to abiotic factors, etc. To broaden horizons and encourage new ideas for identifying and synthesising new and structurally simple SLs, this review is focused on molecular aspects of this new class of plant hormones. Special attention has been given to structural features, the mode of action of these phytohormones in various biological actions, the design of SL analogs and their applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. b.zwanenburg@science.ru.nl.|Department of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic. b.zwanenburg@science.ru.nl.
authors.forename: Binne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zwanenburg
authors.affiliation: Department of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pospíšil
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ćavar Zeljković
mesh_terms: D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D007783:Lactones; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators
keywords: Karrikins; Mode of action; Signal transduction; Strigolactone analogs; Strigolactone mimics; Strigolactones
references.citation: Chemistry. 2013 Apr 08;19(15):4849-57
references.pmid: 23420702
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2014 Jan;55(1):30-41
references.pmid: 24151204
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Oct 3;55(20):8067-72
references.pmid: 17803261
references.citation: J Exp Bot. 2015 Aug;66(16):4855-61
references.pmid: 25900617
references.citation: Org Biomol Chem. 2009 Sep 7;7(17):3413-20
references.pmid: 19675895
references.citation: Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Oct;6(10):763-75
references.pmid: 18794914
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem. 2011 Dec 15;19(24):7394-400
references.pmid: 22082666
references.citation: Science. 2004 Aug 13;305(5686):977
references.pmid: 15247439
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Aug 11;58(15):8612-7
references.pmid: 20617827
references.citation: Mol Plant. 2013 Jan;6(1):128-40
references.pmid: 23220942
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2013 Sep 15;23(18):5182-6
references.pmid: 23920440
references.citation: Chem Rev. 2010 May 12;110(5):2709-28
references.pmid: 19831417
references.citation: Mol Plant. 2013 Jan;6(1):100-12
references.pmid: 23024210
references.citation: Planta. 2013 Oct;238(4):615-26
references.pmid: 23801297
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2009 Aug;50(8):1416-24
references.pmid: 19542179
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Jan;69(1):98-102
references.pmid: 15665473
references.citation: Nat Commun. 2013;4:2613
references.pmid: 24131983
references.citation: Biochem Soc Trans. 2010 Apr;38(2):717-22
references.pmid: 20298249
references.citation: Plant Signal Behav. 2012 Aug;7(8):969-72
references.pmid: 22827937
references.citation: Mol Plant. 2013 Jan;6(1):88-99
references.pmid: 23204501
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 13;108(50):20242-7
references.pmid: 22123958
references.citation: Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2015;66:161-86
references.pmid: 25621512
references.citation: J Exp Bot. 2011 May;62(8):2915-24
references.pmid: 21307387
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2014 May 7;165(3):1221-1232
references.pmid: 24808100
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Jun 9;435(7043):750-1
references.pmid: 15944687
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2010 Jul;51(7):1127-35
references.pmid: 20547591
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015;25(10):2184-8
references.pmid: 25838142
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Sep 11;455(7210):195-200
references.pmid: 18690207
references.citation: Pest Manag Sci. 2016 Mar;72(3):637
references.pmid: 26828325
references.citation: Pest Manag Sci. 2009 May;65(5):478-91
references.pmid: 19222046
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Jun 9;435(7043):824-7
references.pmid: 15944706
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2012 Jan;158(1):487-98
references.pmid: 22042819
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2012 Aug;159(4):1524-44
references.pmid: 22723084
references.citation: Genes Cells. 2013 Feb;18(2):147-60
references.pmid: 23301669
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2015 Jun;56(6):1059-72
references.pmid: 25713176
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Jun 1;22(11):3743-6
references.pmid: 22542018
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2013 Oct;163(2):1012-25
references.pmid: 23943865
references.citation: Cell Res. 2013 Mar;23(3):436-9
references.pmid: 23381136
references.citation: New Phytol. 2011 May;190(3):545-9
references.pmid: 21638793
references.citation: Chemistry. 2010 Dec 17;16(47):13941-5
references.pmid: 21108265
references.citation: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Aug 15;21(16):4905-8
references.pmid: 21741836
references.citation: Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):203-7
references.pmid: 26450211
references.citation: Nature. 2013 Dec 19;504(7480):406-10
references.pmid: 24336215
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2012 Apr;158(4):1976-87
references.pmid: 22323776
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Nov 27;456(7221):455-6
references.pmid: 19037306
references.citation: Planta. 2014 Aug;240(2):399-408
references.pmid: 24888863
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2011 Aug;14(4):451-7
references.pmid: 21489861
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2010 Oct;13(5):503-8
references.pmid: 20851040
references.citation: Front Plant Sci. 2013 Jun 17;4:199
references.pmid: 23785379
references.citation: Plant J. 2014 Aug;79(4):607-22
references.pmid: 24612082
references.citation: Trends Plant Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):727-33
references.pmid: 25037847
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2010 Jul;51(7):1104-17
references.pmid: 20418334
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Oct 12;59(19):10485-90
references.pmid: 21899364
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Sep 29;437(7059):693-8
references.pmid: 16193045
references.citation: Org Biomol Chem. 2003 Mar 21;1(6):950-9
references.pmid: 12929633
references.citation: Ann Bot. 2006 Jun;97(6):925-31
references.pmid: 16574693
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Sep 11;455(7210):189-94
references.pmid: 18690209
references.citation: New Phytol. 2010 Jul;187(2):343-354
references.pmid: 20487312
references.citation: Mol Plant. 2014 Apr;7(4):675-90
references.pmid: 24249726
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 May 14;110(20):8284-9
references.pmid: 23613584
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2009 Oct;12(5):556-61
references.pmid: 19726222
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2014 Oct;21:1-6
references.pmid: 24981923
references.citation: Front Plant Sci. 2012 Dec 28;3:296
references.pmid: 23293648
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Nov;71(11):2781-6
references.pmid: 17986793
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2006 Jul;4(7):e226
references.pmid: 16787107
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2009 Sep;151(1):400-12
references.pmid: 19641034
references.citation: Nature. 2013 Dec 19;504(7480):401-5
references.pmid: 24336200
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2012 Nov 6;22(21):2032-6
references.pmid: 22959345
references.citation: Plant Signal Behav. 2012 Jun;7(6):694-7
references.pmid: 22580687
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2006 Jul;4(7):e239
references.pmid: 16822096
references.citation: Mol Plant. 2013 Jan;6(1):38-62
references.pmid: 23204499
references.citation: Science. 1966 Dec 2;154(3753):1189-90
references.pmid: 17780042
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Nov 27;456(7221):459-63
references.pmid: 19037309
references.citation: Science. 2015 Aug 21;349(6250):864-8
references.pmid: 26293962