title: Zwitterionic fibrous polypropylene assembled with amphiphatic carboxybetaine copolymers for hemocompatible blood filtration.
abstract: The present study serves three main functions. First, it presents a novel random copolymer, made of octadecyl acrylate hydrophobic blocks and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate hydrophilic groups, and it zwitterionic form. Second, random copolymer and zwitterionic random copolymer, OmDn and Z-OmDn, are used to modify polypropylene membranes by evaporation coating. Our investigations unveil that this method leads to sufficiently stable self-assembling provided a minimum number of hydrophobic repeat units of 77, which also corresponds to a hydrophobic degree of 74%. Third, antifouling and hemocompatible properties of membranes are thoroughly investigated using all types of blood cells separately, as well as challenging membranes against whole blood in static and dynamic conditions. Membranes modified with zwitterionic copolymer containing 26% of zwitterionic groups are shown to be highly antifouling and hemocompatible, for a coating density as low as 0.2mg/cm(2). Their application in a specially designed blood filtration module enabled to almost totally inhibit blood cells interactions with membrane material, as well as to importantly reduce platelet activation in the permeate (2.5-fold reduction).
  
  
  
  The design of new zwitterionic copolymer material is proposed and demonstrated in this study. It was showed that hydrophobicoctadecyl acrylate segments can be introduced in the zwitterioniccarboxybetaine polymer chain with a well-controlled random sequence. Stable, efficient, and effective surface zwitterionization of hydrophobic polypropylene are obtained via grafting onto approach by evaporation-induced self-assembling coating. In the perspective of potential application, hemocompatible blood filtration was demonstrated with the excellent results of non-activated platelets obtained.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  New zwitterionicmaterial, amphiphatic carboxybetaine copolymers.
  
  
  
  Evaporation-induced self-assembling grafting.
  
  
  
  Hemocompatible blood filtration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Venault
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Chung-Li City 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Cun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Chung-Li City 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jheng-Fong
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Jhong
authors.affiliation: R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Chung-Li City 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ruoh-Chyu
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ruaan
authors.affiliation: R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd., Chung-Li City 32001, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Akon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Arunachalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chinnathambi
authors.affiliation: R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Tsung
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung-Li City 32023, Taiwan; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ychang@cycu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001622:Betaine / Q000737:chemistry; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D005021:Ethylamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D006440:Hemofiltration; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D015539:Platelet Activation; D011126:Polypropylenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C510335:2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; D005021:Ethylamines; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008689:Methacrylates; D011126:Polypropylenes; D001622:Betaine
keywords: Amphiphatic copolymer; Antifouling properties; Blood filtration; Hemocompatible polypropylene membrane; Solvent evaporation