title: Lipid Acyl Chain Remodeling in Yeast.
abstract: Membrane lipid homeostasis is maintained by de novo synthesis, intracellular transport, remodeling, and degradation of lipid molecules. Glycerophospholipids, the most abundant structural component of eukaryotic membranes, are subject to acyl chain remodeling, which is defined as the post-synthetic process in which one or both acyl chains are exchanged. Here, we review studies addressing acyl chain remodeling of membrane glycerophospholipids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model organism that has been successfully used to investigate lipid synthesis and its regulation. Experimental evidence for the occurrence of phospholipid acyl chain exchange in cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylethanolamine is summarized, including methods and tools that have been used for detecting remodeling. Progress in the identification of the enzymes involved is reported, and putative functions of acyl chain remodeling in yeast are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mike F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Renne
authors.affiliation: Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Present address: Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Cedric H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: De Smet
authors.affiliation: Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anton I P M
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: de Kroon
keywords: acyl chain exchange; acyltransferases; lipid homeostasis; membrane lipids; phospholipases; transacylases
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