title: Dietary fat and corticosterone levels are contributing factors to meal anticipation.
abstract: Daily restricted access to food leads to the development of food anticipatory activity and metabolism, which depends upon an as yet unidentified food-entrainable oscillator(s). A premeal anticipatory peak in circulating hormones, including corticosterone is also elicited by daily restricted feeding. High-fat feeding is associated with elevated levels of corticosterone with disrupted circadian rhythms and a failure to develop robust meal anticipation. It is not clear whether the disrupted corticosterone rhythm, resulting from high-fat feeding contributes to attenuated meal anticipation in high-fat fed rats. Our aim was to better characterize meal anticipation in rats fed a low- or high-fat diet, and to better understand the role of corticosterone in this process. To this end, we utilized behavioral observations, hypothalamic c-Fos expression, and indirect calorimetry to assess meal entrainment. We also used the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, RU486, to dissect out the role of corticosterone in meal anticipation in rats given daily access to a meal with different fat content. Restricted access to a low-fat diet led to robust meal anticipation, as well as entrainment of hypothalamic c-Fos expression, metabolism, and circulating corticosterone. These measures were significantly attenuated in response to a high-fat diet, and animals on this diet exhibited a postanticipatory rise in corticosterone. Interestingly, antagonism of glucocorticoid activity using RU486 attenuated meal anticipation in low-fat fed rats, but promoted meal anticipation in high-fat-fed rats. These findings suggest an important role for corticosterone in the regulation of meal anticipation in a manner dependent upon dietary fat content.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; and sara.namvar@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Namvar
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Research and Development, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gyte
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Research and Development, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Denn
authors.affiliation: AstraZeneca Research and Development, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leighton
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; and.
authors.forename: Hugh D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Piggins
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D059031:Anticipation, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009043:Motor Activity; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D015735:Mifepristone; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: corticosterone; food entrainable oscillator; high-fat diet; meal anticipation
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