title: Urine Cytopathology and Ancillary Methods.
abstract: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract. Cytology and cystoscopy are two of the most commonly used tests for screening and diagnosis of UC. However, the sensitivity of cytology for UC is less than ideal, while cystoscopy is an invasive and expensive procedure. The search for an accurate, sensitive, noninvasive, and cost-effective method for detecting UC has led to the development of ancillary studies using immunological and molecular methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
authors.forename: Amy G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
authors.forename: Lloyd M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Electronic address: Ediz.Cosar@umassmemorial.org.
authors.forename: Ediz F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Cosar
keywords: Cytology; FISH; Molecular; Urothelial carcinoma