title: Dermatoglyphs in Coronary Artery Disease Among Ningxia Population of North China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an enormous health problem in the world. Dermatoglyphs are cutaneous ridges on the fingers, palms, and soles, formed by genetic regulation and control during early intrauterine life. The Dermatoglyphic traits do not change significantly as the growth of the age. They may be the phenotypic characters of individual genes and represent the predisposition to certain diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was carried out to document characteristic dermatoglyphic patterns in coronary artery disease which could be useful in early diagnosis of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dermatoglyphic study of 258 male (129 coronary artery disease cases and 129 normal subjects) of Ningxia China were studied in the present cross-sectional study. It involved the digital patterns, ATD angles, A-B ridge counts on the hands. Chi-square test, t-test were used for the statistical analysis in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall frequency of whorls was higher followed by loop and arch in both two groups. It was observed that there was significant difference of digital frequency of whorls and ulnar loops in patients in both hands as compared to controls (p≤0.01). The mean value of finger ridge counts, total ridge counts were similar between two groups. The A-B ridge counts were significantly higher in coronary artery disease compared with controls on the right palm (p≤0.01). However, the mean ATD angle values were significantly higher in cases than those of in normal on both hands (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abnormally high A-B ridge count, ATD angles and the frequency of whorls are characteristic dermatoglyphic patterns of coronary artery disease. Dermatoglyphics may have an important role in early diagnosis of coronary artery disease in future.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Youjing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Haochen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Zhanbing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education/ Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics/ Faculty of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China .
authors.forename: Zhenghao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huo
keywords: Anatomical marker; Dermatoglyphic patterns; Health problem
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