title: Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Mellitus among Tuberculosis Patients in South-Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) is re-emerging worldwide. Recently, the prevalence of DM is increasing in resource poor countries where TB is of high burden. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence and analyze associated factors of TB and DM comorbidity in South-Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a facility based cross-sectional study. All newly diagnosed TB patients attending selected health facilities in the study area were consecutively screened for DM. DM was diagnosed based on the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, lifestyles and clinical data. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with TB and DM comorbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among a total of 1314 patients who participated in the study, the prevalence of DM was estimated at 109 (8.3%). Being female [odds ratio (OR) 1.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.10-2.62)], patients age [41-64 years (OR 3.35; 95% CI (2.01-5.57), 65-89 years (OR 3.18; 95% CI (1.52-6.64)], being a pulmonary TB case [(OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.09-2.63)] and having a family history of DM [(OR 4.54; 95% CI (2.36-8.73)] were associated factors identified with TB and DM comorbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of DM among TB patients in South-Eastern Amahra Region is high. Routine screening of TB patients for DM is recommended in the study area.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Amhara Regional State Health Bureau, Bahir-Dar, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Mahteme Haile
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Workneh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Gunnar Aksel
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bjune
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.|Amhara Regional State Health Bureau, Bahir-Dar, Ethiopia.|Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.|Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Solomon Abebe
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Yimer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*
references.citation: Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 May;13(5):436-48
references.pmid: 23531392
references.citation: PLoS Med. 2008 Jul 15;5(7):e152
references.pmid: 18630984
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e76275
references.pmid: 24155897
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41367
references.pmid: 22848473
references.citation: BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:122
references.pmid: 23497232
references.citation: Can J Public Health. 2007 Jan-Feb;98(1):55-9
references.pmid: 17278679
references.citation: Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2011 Jan 14;3(1):2
references.pmid: 21232158
references.citation: Trop Med Int Health. 2012 Oct;17(10):1294-301
references.pmid: 22830945
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e82660
references.pmid: 24367535
references.citation: Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Apr;135(3):483-91
references.pmid: 16863600
references.citation: Public Health Action. 2013 Nov 4;3(Suppl 1):S29-33
references.pmid: 26393065
references.citation: PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e62604
references.pmid: 23638123
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e106961
references.pmid: 25229236
references.citation: Infect Dis Poverty. 2013 Mar 27;2(1):6
references.pmid: 24499664
references.citation: PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e46502
references.pmid: 23077512
references.citation: N Am J Med Sci. 2014 Jan;6(1):30-4
references.pmid: 24678474
references.citation: Public Health Action. 2013 Nov 4;3(Suppl 1):S3-9
references.pmid: 26393066
references.citation: Public Health Action. 2013 Nov 4;3(Suppl 1):S43-7
references.pmid: 26393069
references.citation: Public Health Action. 2013 Nov 4;3(Suppl 1):S34-7
references.pmid: 26393067
references.citation: Thorax. 2013 Mar;68(3):214-20
references.pmid: 23250998
references.citation: Public Health Action. 2013 Nov 4;3(Suppl 1):S38-42
references.pmid: 26393068
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 2014 Mar;44(3):617-26
references.pmid: 24448841
references.citation: J Formos Med Assoc. 2011 Jun;110(6):372-81
references.pmid: 21741005
references.citation: Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2014;10:45-9
references.pmid: 24453491
references.citation: Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Jul;18(4):475-9
references.pmid: 25143901
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Aug 15;45(4):428-35
references.pmid: 17638189
references.citation: Trop Med Int Health. 2013 May;18(5):636-45
references.pmid: 23458555
references.citation: J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013 Dec 20;12(1):58
references.pmid: 24360398