title: Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Chinese Herbal Compounds against Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
abstract: Traditional Chinese Medicines, unique biomedical and pharmaceutical resources, have been widely used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prevention and treatment. Accumulated Chinese herb-derived compounds with significant anti-cancer effects against HCC have been identified. Chinese herbal compounds are effective in preventing carcinogenesis, inhibiting cell proliferation, arresting cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, autophagy, cell senescence and anoikis, inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis and angiogenesis, regulating immune function, reversing drug resistance and enhancing the effects of chemotherapy in HCC. This paper comprehensively reviews these compounds and their effects on HCC. Finally, the perspectives and rational application of herbal compounds for HCC management are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China. beearhu@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Science &amp; Technology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 202032, China. lhsoatp@163.com.
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China. wss885489@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuang-Shuang
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic &amp; Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, The Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China. chenjj30003000@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Jin-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China. xulq67@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D001343:Autophagy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal
keywords: Chinese herbal compound; hepatocellular carcinoma; phytopharmacology; prevention; treatment
references.citation: Cytobios. 1999;100(393):37-48
references.pmid: 10643643
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2000 Feb;21(2):331-5
references.pmid: 10657978
references.citation: Chem Biol Interact. 2000 Oct 16;128(2):115-26
references.pmid: 11024451
references.citation: Mol Carcinog. 2001 Oct;32(2):73-83
references.pmid: 11746819
references.citation: Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2001 May;30(3):168-9
references.pmid: 12525092
references.citation: Life Sci. 2003 Apr 11;72(21):2381-90
references.pmid: 12639703
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jul 15;10(14):2024-8
references.pmid: 15237427
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2004 Sep 30;213(2):213-21
references.pmid: 15327837
references.citation: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2003 Sep;1(3):163-4
references.pmid: 15339547
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2005 Jan 20;217(2):203-11
references.pmid: 15617838
references.citation: Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2005 Mar;36(2):217-20
references.pmid: 15807271
references.citation: Life Sci. 2005 Mar 18;76(18):2115-24
references.pmid: 15826878
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Aug 15;11(16):6002-11
references.pmid: 16115945
references.citation: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2005 Sep;3(5):374-7
references.pmid: 16159572
references.citation: Mol Cancer Ther. 2005 Oct;4(10):1465-74
references.pmid: 16227395
references.citation: Zhong Yao Cai. 2005 Jul;28(7):574-7
references.pmid: 16252725
references.citation: Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(1):125-35
references.pmid: 16437745
references.citation: Planta Med. 2006 Jan;72(1):28-33
references.pmid: 16450292
references.citation: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2006 Mar 1;48(1):1-5
references.pmid: 16458489
references.citation: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2006 Jan;26(1):58-62
references.pmid: 16466175
references.citation: Life Sci. 2006 Aug 15;79(12):1129-39
references.pmid: 16635496
references.citation: Pharmacol Res. 2006 Sep;54(3):186-94
references.pmid: 16765054
references.citation: Nutr Cancer. 2006;55(2):201-9
references.pmid: 17044776
references.citation: Dig Liver Dis. 2007 Feb;39(2):160-6
references.pmid: 17049940
references.citation: Cell Biol Int. 2007 Sep;31(9):887-92
references.pmid: 17400003
references.citation: Biomed Pharmacother. 2008 Nov;62(9):567-72
references.pmid: 17418998
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2007 Oct 28;256(2):259-66
references.pmid: 17693016
references.citation: Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008 Jan;102(1):30-4
references.pmid: 17973903
references.citation: Planta Med. 2008 Feb;74(3):245-51
references.pmid: 18283616
references.citation: Chin Med J (Engl). 2008 Feb 20;121(4):363-8
references.pmid: 18304471
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 28;584(2-3):246-52
references.pmid: 18329639
references.citation: Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2008 Mar;6(3):270-3
references.pmid: 18334147
references.citation: Arch Pharm Res. 2008 Mar;31(3):323-9
references.pmid: 18409045
references.citation: Liver Int. 2008 Dec;28(10):1458-64
references.pmid: 18507762
references.citation: Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;74(4):1046-58
references.pmid: 18577687
references.citation: Am J Chin Med. 2008;36(4):805-13
references.pmid: 18711776
references.citation: Ai Zheng. 2008 Sep;27(9):910-3
references.pmid: 18799026
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Nov 14;14(42):6437-41
references.pmid: 19030192
references.citation: Exp Cell Res. 2009 Apr 15;315(7):1148-56
references.pmid: 19073174
references.citation: Toxicol Lett. 2009 Feb 10;184(3):204-10
references.pmid: 19110045
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2009 Nov 18;285(1):46-57
references.pmid: 19467570
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2009 Nov 1;284(2):198-207
references.pmid: 19473757
references.citation: Chin Med. 2009 Jul 11;4:14
references.pmid: 19594888
references.citation: Int J Oncol. 2009 Oct;35(4):717-24
references.pmid: 19724907
references.citation: J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Feb;25(2):420-6
references.pmid: 19793165
references.citation: Future Oncol. 2009 Oct;5(8):1169-79
references.pmid: 19852728
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2010 Jun;24(6):827-33
references.pmid: 19953525
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;23(1):211-5
references.pmid: 19956884
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Feb 17;127(3):702-8
references.pmid: 19969061
references.citation: Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Apr;24(3):842-8
references.pmid: 20005942
references.citation: Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2009;10(5):933-8
references.pmid: 20104993
references.citation: Planta Med. 2010 Sep;76(13):1447-53
references.pmid: 20157879
references.citation: Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Jul;54(7):967-76
references.pmid: 20169580
references.citation: Tumori. 2009 Nov-Dec;95(6):789-95
references.pmid: 20210245
references.citation: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2009 Dec;34(24):3277-80
references.pmid: 20353018
references.citation: Zhong Yao Cai. 2009 Dec;32(12):1870-4
references.pmid: 20432906
references.citation: BMC Cancer. 2010 May 20;10:219
references.pmid: 20487542
references.citation: Mol Cancer. 2010 May 28;9:126
references.pmid: 20507639
references.citation: Int J Oncol. 2010 Jul;37(1):111-23
references.pmid: 20514403
references.citation: Planta Med. 2010 Nov;76(16):1834-9
references.pmid: 20560114
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2010 Dec 1;298(1):128-38
references.pmid: 20630652
references.citation: Int J Mol Med. 2010 Sep;26(3):379-85
references.pmid: 20664954
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2010 Sep;24(3):647-51
references.pmid: 20664969
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2010 Dec 8;298(2):222-30
references.pmid: 20674153
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2011 Jan 15;18(2-3):158-62
references.pmid: 20739158
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Sep 14;16(34):4281-90
references.pmid: 20818811
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2011 Mar 15;18(5):366-73
references.pmid: 20850954
references.citation: J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Jan 15;91(1):178-85
references.pmid: 20853273
references.citation: Biol Pharm Bull. 2010;33(10):1716-22
references.pmid: 20930381
references.citation: J Med Food. 2010 Dec;13(6):1415-23
references.pmid: 20946021
references.citation: Fitoterapia. 2011 Mar;82(2):288-92
references.pmid: 20971167
references.citation: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2010 Nov 09;29:145
references.pmid: 21059274
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2011 Sep 15;129(6):1519-31
references.pmid: 21128229
references.citation: Planta Med. 2011 May;77(8):845-8
references.pmid: 21165820
references.citation: Int J Mol Med. 2011 Apr;27(4):599-606
references.pmid: 21274505
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2011 May;102(5):951-8
references.pmid: 21288283
references.citation: Pharm Biol. 2011 May;49(5):531-8
references.pmid: 21385105
references.citation: J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2011 Mar;13(3):242-50
references.pmid: 21409686
references.citation: Eur J Pharm Sci. 2011 Jun 14;43(3):125-31
references.pmid: 21514382
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2012 Jan;26(1):26-33
references.pmid: 21538626
references.citation: Biol Pharm Bull. 2011;34(6):831-8
references.pmid: 21628880
references.citation: Autophagy. 2011 Oct;7(10):1159-72
references.pmid: 21691147
references.citation: Br J Nutr. 2012 Mar;107(5):631-8
references.pmid: 21787455
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2011 Dec;26(6):1465-70
references.pmid: 21822542
references.citation: Cell Biochem Biophys. 2012 Jan;62(1):193-201
references.pmid: 21913004
references.citation: Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2011 Oct;10(5):502-8
references.pmid: 21947724
references.citation: Molecules. 2011 Sep 30;16(10):8343-52
references.pmid: 21963624
references.citation: Free Radic Biol Med. 2011 Dec 15;51(12):2259-71
references.pmid: 22011623
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2012 May;26(5):764-71
references.pmid: 22109831
references.citation: Mol Med Rep. 2012 Mar;5(3):637-44
references.pmid: 22159471
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jan 31;139(2):599-604
references.pmid: 22172325
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2012 Apr;27(4):1128-34
references.pmid: 22200845
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jun 1;141(2):692-700
references.pmid: 22210051
references.citation: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Mar 15;259(3):387-94
references.pmid: 22310179
references.citation: Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 May 1;83(9):1278-89
references.pmid: 22342732
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2012 May 15;19(7):603-8
references.pmid: 22349030
references.citation: Xenobiotica. 2012 Jun;42(6):562-70
references.pmid: 22352391
references.citation: Lancet. 2012 Mar 31;379(9822):1245-55
references.pmid: 22353262
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 May 7;141(1):178-82
references.pmid: 22366674
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2012 Apr 13;287(16):13206-15
references.pmid: 22371501
references.citation: Chin Med J (Engl). 2012 Mar;125(5):786-93
references.pmid: 22490576
references.citation: Pharmacology. 2012;89(5-6):247-55
references.pmid: 22507894
references.citation: Mol Med Rep. 2012 Jul;6(1):185-90
references.pmid: 22552783
references.citation: Cell Signal. 2012 Aug;24(8):1722-32
references.pmid: 22560876
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Jul 13;142(2):462-6
references.pmid: 22609808
references.citation: Curr Drug Deliv. 2012 Jul;9(4):414-20
references.pmid: 22640039
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Aug 29;60(34):8363-71
references.pmid: 22860996
references.citation: Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2012 Nov 1;12(9):1095-118
references.pmid: 22873221
references.citation: Zhong Yao Cai. 2012 Mar;35(3):443-8
references.pmid: 22876687
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2012 Oct 12;287(42):35576-88
references.pmid: 22927446
references.citation: Exp Ther Med. 2012 Jan;3(1):80-86
references.pmid: 22969849
references.citation: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:607675
references.pmid: 23008742
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Nov 7;60(44):11097-103
references.pmid: 23075052
references.citation: J Hematol Oncol. 2012 Nov 08;5:69
references.pmid: 23137165
references.citation: J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012 Dec;64(12):1741-50
references.pmid: 23146037
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):1524-8
references.pmid: 23192830
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2012 Dec 21;18(47):7079-86
references.pmid: 23323011
references.citation: Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Jan 11;14(1):1370-82
references.pmid: 23344047
references.citation: Life Sci. 2013 Mar 14;92(6-7):352-8
references.pmid: 23352975
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2013 Jun;34(6):1331-42
references.pmid: 23393227
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2013 May;29(5):1851-8
references.pmid: 23446753
references.citation: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Jun 15;269(3):270-9
references.pmid: 23578476
references.citation: Int J Oncol. 2013 Jun;42(6):2069-77
references.pmid: 23591552
references.citation: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2013 Mar;38(6):861-5
references.pmid: 23717968
references.citation: BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Jun 08;13:128
references.pmid: 23758730
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2013 Sep;30(3):1107-12
references.pmid: 23784371
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2014 Apr;28(4):560-7
references.pmid: 23818450
references.citation: Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2014 Jan;14(1):29-34
references.pmid: 23855336
references.citation: Tumour Biol. 2014 Jan;35(1):205-12
references.pmid: 23897557
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Aug 28;61(34):8191-7
references.pmid: 23899086
references.citation: Zhong Yao Cai. 2013 Feb;36(2):255-9
references.pmid: 23901654
references.citation: Fitoterapia. 2013 Dec;91:68-73
references.pmid: 23994628
references.citation: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2013 Jun;38(11):1812-5
references.pmid: 24010301
references.citation: Aging (Albany NY). 2013 Sep;5(9):639-40
references.pmid: 24057649
references.citation: Cell Death Dis. 2013 Oct 10;4:e838
references.pmid: 24113172
references.citation: Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2013 Nov;13(9):915-29
references.pmid: 24168191
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;151(1):198-209
references.pmid: 24247078
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2014 Jan;31(1):488-96
references.pmid: 24247909
references.citation: Int J Biol Macromol. 2014 Mar;64:106-10
references.pmid: 24321491
references.citation: Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2013 Aug;33(8):1102-6
references.pmid: 24325063
references.citation: Int J Mol Med. 2014 Feb;33(2):441-8
references.pmid: 24337611
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014 Jan 21;9(1):e85771
references.pmid: 24465696
references.citation: Molecules. 2014 Jan 27;19(2):1592-602
references.pmid: 24473215
references.citation: Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(4):1745-9
references.pmid: 24641402
references.citation: Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2013 Nov 02;11(1):15-22
references.pmid: 24653548
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 2014 Jun 28;348(1-2):146-55
references.pmid: 24680709
references.citation: Oncol Lett. 2014 May;7(5):1345-1351
references.pmid: 24765136
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Sep 5;738:142-52
references.pmid: 24886888
references.citation: Hepatogastroenterology. 2014 Mar-Apr;61(130):410-2
references.pmid: 24901151
references.citation: Cancer Cell Int. 2014 Jun 11;14:49
references.pmid: 24991192
references.citation: Oncol Rep. 2014 Sep;32(3):1037-42
references.pmid: 25017491
references.citation: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:637528
references.pmid: 25152762
references.citation: World J Hepatol. 2015 May 28;7(9):1209-32
references.pmid: 26019736
references.citation: Cancer Lett. 1994 Jan 15;76(1):11-8
references.pmid: 8124661