title: Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via an anti-inflammatory pathway.
abstract: Neuroinflammation is central to the pathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZY) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine to treat TBI. To elucidate its potential molecular mechanism, this study aimed to demonstrate that XFZY functions as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to controlled cortical impact to produce a neuroinflammatory response. The treatment groups received XFZY (9 g/kg and 18 g/kg), Vehicle group and Sham group were gavaged with equal volumes of saline. The modified neurologic severity score (mNSS) and the Morris water maze test were used to assess neurological deficits. Arachidonic acid (AA) levels in brain tissue were measured using tandem gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. TNF-α and IL-1β levels in injured ipsilateral brain tissue were detected by ELISA. AKT and mTOR expression were measured by western blot analysis. The results indicated that XFZY significantly enhanced spatial memory acquisition. XFZY (especially at a dose of 9 g/kg) markedly reduced the mNSS and levels of AA, TNF-α and IL-1β. Significant downregulation of AKT/mTOR/p70S6K proteins in brain tissues was observed after the administration of XFZY (especially at a dose of 9 g/kg). XFZY may be a promising therapeutic strategy for reducing inflammation in TBI.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of traditional Chinese medicine, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Thyroid Tumour Internal Medicine Department, Cancer Hospital affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Chunhu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Shaoyang Medical College Level Specialty School, 422000 Shaoyang, China.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jiekun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology and Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xingui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of traditional Chinese medicine, 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Chenxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C513826:Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu decoction; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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