title: Pediatric Ophthalmologists' Experiences With Abusive Head Trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the number of cases of abusive head trauma seen by pediatric ophthalmologists and analyze factors associated with physician subpoenas and court testimonies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric ophthalmologists were surveyed about their experiences with abusive head trauma. The survey was sent to 875 active members of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 15% (132 surveys). The median pediatric ophthalmologist is consulted 10.0 (interquartile range [IQR] = 4.0 to 19.0) times per year to evaluate patients for abusive head trauma and sees 2.5 (IQR = 1.0 to 6.0) patients with probable abusive head trauma each year. Pediatric ophthalmologists were equally likely to be subpoenaed (4.6% vs 4.8%, P = .84) or to testify (1.9% vs 1.7%, P = .79) whether they did or did not perform retinal photography. Physicians were equally likely to be subpoenaed (4.8% vs 7.1%, P = .92) or to testify (2.2% vs 0.0%, P = .17) whether a child abuse team was involved in patient care or not. Geographic location had no statistical significance on how frequently pediatric ophthalmologists were subpoenaed (P = .17) or testified in court (P = .12). When a pediatric ophthalmologist was subpoenaed to court, the median number of missed clinic days was 1.0 (IQR = 1.0 to 2.0), with an estimated cost of $3,000 (IQR = $1,750 to $4,750) in lost revenue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obtaining retinal imaging, having a child abuse team, and geographic location had no significant relationship with how often pediatric ophthalmologists were subpoenaed or testified in court.
authors.forename: Evan C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Sussenbach
authors.forename: R Michael
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Siatkowski
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Tammy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yanovitch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007603:Jurisprudence; D016365:Liability, Legal / Q000191:economics; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D038642:Shaken Baby Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology