title: Wild Birds in Romania Are More Exposed to West Nile Virus Than to Newcastle Disease Virus.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of West Nile virus (WNV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in wild and domestic birds from Romania. During 2011-2014, 159 plasma samples from wild birds assigned to 11 orders, 27 families, and 61 species and from 21 domestic birds (Gallus gallus domesticus, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) were collected. The sera were assayed by two commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) kits for antibodies against WNV and NDV. We found a high prevalence of WNV antibodies in both domestic (19.1%) and wild (32.1%) birds captured after the human epidemic in 2010. Moreover, the presence of anti-NDV antibodies among wild birds from Romania (5.4%) was confirmed serologically for the first time, as far as we are aware. Our findings provide evidence that wild birds, especially resident ones are involved in local West Nile and Newcastle disease enzootic and epizootic cycles. These may allow virus maintenance and spread and also enhance the chance of new outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Anamaria Ioana
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Paştiu
authors.affiliation: 2 Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Péter László
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pap
authors.affiliation: 2 Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania .|3 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen , Debrecen, Hungary .
authors.forename: Csongor István
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Vágási
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niculae
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Emőke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Páll
authors.affiliation: 4 Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Domşa
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Florinel Ghe
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Brudaşcă
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca, Romania .
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spînu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D001717:Birds; D002645:Chickens; D004372:Ducks; D005843:Geography; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral
keywords: Newcastle disease virus; Romania; West Nile virus; Wild birds