title: Asthma Is Associated With a Subsequent Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.
abstract: Asthma has been associated with the atherosclerosis risk, but not clear of peripheral artery disease (PAD). We attempted to examine the risk of PAD in patients with asthma.From the insurance claims data of Taiwan, we identified 28,158 newly diagnosed asthma patients in 2000 to 2005 and 56,316 persons without asthma randomly selected into the comparison cohort, frequency matched by sex, age, and the date of diagnosis. Both cohorts were followed up until the end of 2011 to estimate the incident PAD. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of PAD were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model after controlling for sex, age, and comorbidities.The incidence of PAD was 1.46 times higher in the asthma cohort than in the comparison cohort, with an aHR of 1.34 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.24-1.45]. Incidence of PAD was higher in men, the aged, and those with comorbidities in both cohorts. The aHRs of PAD remained significant for the asthma cohort in all subgroups of sex, age, and the presence of comorbidity. The aHRs of PAD were 14.1 (95% CI = 8.18-24.5) in asthma patients with multiple emergency visits and 22.3 (95% CI = 15.6-31.9) for those with multiple hospitalizations.Although smoking is a potential confounding factor, this study suggests patients with asthma have a significantly higher risk of developing PAD than the general population. The results also support the notion that poor control of asthma status is a key factor in subsequent PAD development.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital (C-WY, T-CS, C-YT, T-CH, C-MS, W-HH); Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University (T-CS, F-CS); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (C-RL); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital (Y-CW, C-LL, F-CS); Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (F-CS).
authors.forename: Chih-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Te-Chun
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Chiung-Ray
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yu-Chiao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cheng-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chih-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Te-Chun
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.forename: Chuen-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Wu-Huei
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Fung-Chang
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: Chest. 2011 Jan;139(1):165-73
references.pmid: 21208876
references.citation: JAMA. 2008 Jul 9;300(2):197-208
references.pmid: 18612117
references.citation: Chest. 2006 Feb;129(2):300-8
references.pmid: 16478845
references.citation: Curr Cardiol Rev. 2008 May;4(2):101-6
references.pmid: 19936284
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2005 Apr 21;352(16):1685-95
references.pmid: 15843671
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2012 Dec 1;176(11):1014-24
references.pmid: 23139248
references.citation: Vasc Med. 2001;6(3 Suppl):3-7
references.pmid: 11789963
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Apr 9;61(14):1555-70
references.pmid: 23473760
references.citation: Blood. 2012 Apr 5;119(14):3236-44
references.pmid: 22262775
references.citation: Allergy. 2004 May;59(5):469-78
references.pmid: 15080825
references.citation: J Nucl Cardiol. 2013 Jun;20(3):385-95
references.pmid: 23526296
references.citation: Eur Respir J. 2014 Mar;43(3):801-7
references.pmid: 23988762
references.citation: J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015 Feb;69(2):123-8
references.pmid: 25271249
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2008 May 1;101(9):1247-52
references.pmid: 18435952
references.citation: Respir Med. 2009 Mar;103(3):379-85
references.pmid: 19010654
references.citation: Int J Biomed Sci. 2011 Mar;7(1):6-13
references.pmid: 23675214
references.citation: Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Jun;13(3):225-36
references.pmid: 23635528
references.citation: Thromb Haemost. 2011 Nov;106(5):858-67
references.pmid: 22012133
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2005 Nov 28;165(21):2521-6
references.pmid: 16314550
references.citation: Circulation. 2004 Dec 21;110(25):e560-7
references.pmid: 15611382
references.citation: Eur J Intern Med. 2014 Dec;25(10):941-5
references.pmid: 25468246
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 14;340(2):115-26
references.pmid: 9887164
references.citation: PLoS One. 2015 Jun 11;10(6):e0128461
references.pmid: 26067280
references.citation: J Vasc Surg. 2007 Jan;45 Suppl S:S5-67
references.pmid: 17223489
references.citation: Allergy. 2014 Apr;69(4):472-8
references.pmid: 24446919
references.citation: J Hepatol. 2015 Mar;62(3):519-25
references.pmid: 25263004
references.citation: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2009 Dec;6(8):648-51
references.pmid: 20008868
references.citation: Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2010 Sep;73(3):99-104
references.pmid: 21214039
references.citation: Circulation. 1996 Dec 1;94(11):3026-49
references.pmid: 8941154
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2007 Nov;195(1):129-37
references.pmid: 17045272
references.citation: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005;2(1):8-11
references.pmid: 16113462