title: Peroxisomes move by hitchhiking on early endosomes using the novel linker protein PxdA.
abstract: Eukaryotic cells use microtubule-based intracellular transport for the delivery of many subcellular cargos, including organelles. The canonical view of organelle transport is that organelles directly recruit molecular motors via cargo-specific adaptors. In contrast with this view, we show here that peroxisomes move by hitchhiking on early endosomes, an organelle that directly recruits the transport machinery. Using the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans we found that hitchhiking is mediated by a novel endosome-associated linker protein, PxdA. PxdA is required for normal distribution and long-range movement of peroxisomes, but not early endosomes or nuclei. Using simultaneous time-lapse imaging, we find that early endosome-associated PxdA localizes to the leading edge of moving peroxisomes. We identify a coiled-coil region within PxdA that is necessary and sufficient for early endosome localization and peroxisome distribution and motility. These results present a new mechanism of microtubule-based organelle transport in which peroxisomes hitchhike on early endosomes and identify PxdA as the novel linker protein required for this coupling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salogiannis
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 sreckpeterson@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Samara L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Reck-Peterson
mesh_terms: D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005838:Genotype; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2008 Oct 20;15(10):1116-24
references.pmid: 18940671
references.citation: J Microsc. 2003 Oct;212(Pt 1):81-90
references.pmid: 14516365
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2010 Oct 15;123(Pt 20):3596-604
references.pmid: 20876661
references.citation: Genetics. 2008 Mar;178(3):1355-69
references.pmid: 18245820
references.citation: Curr Opin Microbiol. 2012 Dec;15(6):637-45
references.pmid: 23127389
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2014 Mar 17;204(6):1009-26
references.pmid: 24637327
references.citation: Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2014 Jul;31:40-7
references.pmid: 24641888
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2008 Jan 28;180(2):325-39
references.pmid: 18227279
references.citation: Science. 2014 Jul 18;345(6194):337-41
references.pmid: 25035494
references.citation: Commun Integr Biol. 2012 Sep 1;5(5):485-90
references.pmid: 23181166
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Dec;10(12):854-65
references.pmid: 19935668
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2014 Mar 17;204(6):989-1007
references.pmid: 24637326
references.citation: Traffic. 2009 Jan;10(1):57-75
references.pmid: 19000168
references.citation: Trends Cell Biol. 2014 Oct;24(10):564-74
references.pmid: 24953741
references.citation: Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1469-72
references.pmid: 15817813
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2014 Feb 3;204(3):343-57
references.pmid: 24493587
references.citation: Genetics. 2006 Mar;172(3):1557-66
references.pmid: 16387870
references.citation: Cell. 2003 Feb 21;112(4):467-80
references.pmid: 12600311
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2012 Jun 25;197(7):971-82
references.pmid: 22711696
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2011 May 15;124(Pt 10):1759-68
references.pmid: 21525035
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Mar 15;91(6):2100-4
references.pmid: 8134356
references.citation: EMBO J. 2002 Jun 17;21(12):2946-57
references.pmid: 12065408
references.citation: Cell. 1998 Jun 26;93(7):1147-58
references.pmid: 9657148
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2006 May 22;173(4):545-57
references.pmid: 16717129
references.citation: Mol Biol Cell. 2014 Mar;25(5):669-78
references.pmid: 24403603
references.citation: J Electron Microsc (Tokyo). 2011;60(3):211-6
references.pmid: 21527426
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2000 Oct;113 ( Pt 20):3663-71
references.pmid: 11017881
references.citation: Autophagy. 2012 May 1;8(5):858-60
references.pmid: 22617438
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 1998 Apr 6;141(1):51-9
references.pmid: 9531547
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 May;1863(5):1019-26
references.pmid: 26616035
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2015 Dec 7;211(5):945-54
references.pmid: 26620910
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2000 May 18;10(10):603-6
references.pmid: 10837229
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 1999 Dec;112 ( Pt 24):4673-85
references.pmid: 10574715
references.citation: Nat Protoc. 2006;1(6):3111-20
references.pmid: 17406574
references.citation: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2015;31:83-108
references.pmid: 26436706
references.citation: Exp Cell Res. 2009 Apr 1;315(6):1040-52
references.pmid: 19121306
references.citation: Neuron. 2013 Feb 6;77(3):485-502
references.pmid: 23395375
references.citation: Nat Methods. 2009 May;6(5):343-5
references.pmid: 19363495
references.citation: Biochem J. 2009 Mar 15;418(3):567-74
references.pmid: 19143658
references.citation: Cell Rep. 2015 Apr 14;11(2):201-9
references.pmid: 25865884
references.citation: Mol Biol Cell. 2005 Feb;16(2):918-26
references.pmid: 15548594
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 1996 Apr;109 ( Pt 4):837-49
references.pmid: 8718675
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2012 Jun 1;125(Pt 11):2740-52
references.pmid: 22357951
references.citation: Cell. 2009 Jan 9;136(1):163-74
references.pmid: 19135897