title: Unraveling the Tissue-Specific Gene Signatures of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) after Hyper- and Hypo-Osmotic Challenges.
abstract: A custom microarray was used for the transcriptomic profiling of liver, gills and hypothalamus in response to hypo- (38‰ → 5‰) or hyper- (38‰ → 55‰) osmotic challenges (7 days after salinity transfer) in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. The total number of differentially expressed genes was 777. Among them, 341 and 310 were differentially expressed in liver after hypo- and hyper-osmotic challenges, respectively. The magnitude of changes was lower in gills and hypothalamus with around 131 and 160 responsive genes in at least one osmotic stress condition, respectively. Regardless of tissue, a number of genes were equally regulated in either hypo- and hyper-osmotic challenges: 127 out of 524 in liver, 11 out of 131 in gills and 19 out of 160 in hypothalamus. In liver and gills, functional analysis of differentially expressed genes recognized two major clusters of overlapping canonical pathways that were mostly related to "Energy Metabolism" and "Oxidative Stress". The later cluster was represented in all the analyzed tissues, including the hypothalamus, where differentially expressed genes related to "Cell and tissue architecture" were also over-represented. Overall the response for "Energy Metabolism" was the up-regulation, whereas for oxidative stress-related genes the type of response was highly dependent of tissue. These results support common and different osmoregulatory responses in the three analyzed tissues, helping to load new allostatic conditions or even to return to basal levels after hypo- or hyper-osmotic challenges according to the different physiological role of each tissue.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAN-CSIC), E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain.|Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), University of Cádiz, E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martos-Sitcha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), University of Cádiz, E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mancera
authors.affiliation: Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, E-12595, Castellón, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep Alvar
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Calduch-Giner
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAN-CSIC), E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yúfera
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAN-CSIC), E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martínez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, E-12595, Castellón, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérez-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger
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