title: Analysis of Organic Anionic Surfactants in Fine and Coarse Fractions of Freshly Emitted Sea Spray Aerosol.
abstract: The inclusion of organic compounds in freshly emitted sea spray aerosol (SSA) has been shown to be size-dependent, with an increasing organic fraction in smaller particles. Here we have used electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry in negative ion mode to identify organic compounds in nascent sea spray collected throughout a 25 day mesocosm experiment. Over 280 organic compounds from ten major homologous series were tentatively identified, including saturated (C8-C24) and unsaturated (C12-C22) fatty acids, fatty acid derivatives (including saturated oxo-fatty acids (C5-C18) and saturated hydroxy-fatty acids (C5-C18), organosulfates (C2-C7, C12-C17) and sulfonates (C16-C22). During the mesocosm, the distributions of molecules within some homologous series responded to variations among the levels of phytoplankton and bacteria in the seawater. The average molecular weight and carbon preference index of saturated fatty acids significantly decreased within fine SSA during the progression of the mesocosm, which was not observed in coarse SSA, sea-surface microlayer or in fresh seawater. This study helps to define the molecular composition of nascent SSA and biological processes in the ocean relate to SSA composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laskina
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Thilina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jayarathne
authors.affiliation: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99354, United States.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laskin
authors.affiliation: Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99354, United States.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laskin
authors.affiliation: William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99354, United States.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Cappa
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Timothy H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Bertram
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.|Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Prather
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.|Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
authors.forename: Vicki H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Grassian
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D010839:Phytoplankton; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D005227:Fatty Acids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents