title: Emergence of core-peripheries in networks.
abstract: A number of important transport networks, such as the airline and trade networks of the world, exhibit a characteristic core-periphery structure, wherein a few nodes are highly interconnected and the rest of the network frays into a tree. Mechanisms underlying the emergence of core-peripheries, however, remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a simple pruning process based on removal of underutilized links and redistribution of loads can lead to the emergence of core-peripheries. Links are assumed beneficial if they either carry a sufficiently large load or are essential for global connectivity. This incentivized redistribution process is controlled by a single parameter, which balances connectivity and profit. The obtained networks exhibit a highly resilient and connected core with a frayed periphery. The balanced network shows a higher resilience than the world airline network or the world trade network, revealing a pathway towards robust structural features through pruning.
authors.affiliation: ETH Zürich, Computational Physics for Engineering Materials, Institute for Building Materials, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: ETH Zürich, Computational Physics for Engineering Materials, Institute for Building Materials, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Russmann
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, P-1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.|Centro de Física Teórica e Computacional, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: N A M
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: ETH Zürich, Computational Physics for Engineering Materials, Institute for Building Materials, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagler
authors.affiliation: ETH Zürich, Computational Physics for Engineering Materials, Institute for Building Materials, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.|Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Ceará, Fortaleza 60455-760, Brazil.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Herrmann
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