title: Relationship of Bisphosphonate Therapy and Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter: Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men (MrOS Sleep) Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prior studies suggested an association between bisphosphonates and atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) in women. This relationship in men, including those with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), remains unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between bisphosphonate use and prevalent (nocturnal) and incident (clinically relevant) AF in a population of community-dwelling older men.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,911 male participants (mean age, 76 years) of the prospective observational Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study sleep cohort with overnight in-home polysomnography (PSG) constituted the analytic cohort. Nocturnal AF from ECGs during PSG and incident AF events were centrally adjudicated. The association of bisphosphonate use and AF was examined using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression for prevalent AF and Cox proportional hazards regression for incident AF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 123 (4.2%) men were current bisphosphonate users. Prevalent nocturnal AF was present in 138 participants (4.6%). After multivariable adjustment, there was a significant association between current bisphosphonate use and prevalent AF (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.13-4.79). In the subset of men with moderate to severe SDB, this association was even more pronounced (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.29-8.03). However, the multivariable-adjusted relationship between bisphosphonate use and incident AF did not reach statistical significance (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.53; 95% CI, 0.96-2.45).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support an association between bisphosphonate use and prevalent nocturnal AF in community-dwelling older men. The data further suggest that those with moderate to severe SDB may be a particularly vulnerable group susceptible to bisphosphonate-related AF. Similar associations were not seen for bisphosphonate use and clinically relevant incident AF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente, South San Francisco, CA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: samir.r.thadani@kp.org.
authors.forename: Samir R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thadani
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ristow
authors.affiliation: California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blackwell
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disorders Center, Neurologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Reena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehra
authors.affiliation: California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Katie L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Electrophysiology Section, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.affiliation: VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System; University of Colorado, Denver; and the Colorado Outcomes Research Group, Denver, CO.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Varosy
authors.affiliation: California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.affiliation: California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Peggy M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cawthon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017286:Polysomnography; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates
keywords: atrial fibrillation; bisphosphonates; sleep-disordered breathing
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