title: Overexpression of AKR1B10 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma as a potential biomarker.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common cancers in Southern China. Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is upregulated in multiple tumors and plays an oncogenic role.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the expression of AKR1B10 at mRNA and protein levels in nasopharyngeal tumors and correlate its expression with clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tissue microarray, paraffin blocks, and frozen surgical nasopharyngeal samples were procured. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to estimate AKR1B10 protein expression, and mRNA levels were detected by real time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that AKR1B10 expression was increased in malignant tissues compared to the normal tissues (p= 0.000). In NPC tissues, AKR1B10 expression appeared high specifically in squamous cell carcinoma, but low in basal cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma (p= 0.000). AKR1B10 expression also demonstrated correlation with tumor differentiation, with a high level in well and moderately differentiated but a low level in poorly differentiated carcinoma (p= 0.000). AKR1B10 was also upregulated in hyperplasia and benign tumors (p= 0.000), and demonstrated a specific nuclear distribution in these non-cancerous diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AKR1B10 is overexpressed in nasopharyngeal hyperplasia, benign tumors, and carcinomas, being a potential new biomarker.
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.|Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Ying-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: The First People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Qing
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Dao-Fa
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Chen-Fei
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Huai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Liang
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Li-Mei
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Fang-Guo
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Duan-Fang
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.|Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Deliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002277:Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C120471:AKR1B10 protein, human; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase
keywords: AKR1B10; Aldo-keto reductase 1B10; biomarker; hyperplasia; nasopharyngeal carcinoma