title: Helicobacter pylori colonization in Nepal; assessment of prevalence and potential risk factors in a hospital-based patient cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative bacterium, can cause gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulcers. It is considered an important public health problem for both developed and developing world. This bacterium is classified as the class 1 carcinogen because it can cause cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital based study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital (CMCTH) from May to October 2014. Stool samples were collected from the suspected patients and were subjected to detection of the H. pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) following the procedures recommended by the manufacturer. A standard questionnaire on the potential risk factors was also designed and completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HpSAg was detected in 16 % of suspected patients. The children up to 10 years of age were found to be highly infected (36 %). The patients living in urban area were found more susceptible to develop H. pylori infection (P < 0.05). Tea drinking and repeated eating habit (more than twice a day) were listed as the important factors that can limit the H. pylori infections significantly (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this hospital based study, a significant rate of prevalence was evaluated. However, we recommend a community based extensive study to reveal the real scenario of H. pylori infection in Nepalese populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. shamshulansari483@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shamshul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. gautamrajen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. drharinepal@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hari Prasad
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Nepal
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. shankarsbd@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shankar Nand
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Subedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. friendlysony@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sony
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. mandal_f@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Fuleshwar
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. me.brihaspati@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Brihaspati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rimal
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal. munichhetri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Muni Raj
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Chhetri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
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