title: Attempted Suicide Among Students and Young Adults in Montreal, Quebec, Canada: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized Suicide Attempts Based on Chart Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a chart review to identify postsecondary students and nonstudents in the same age range who presented to the emergency department following a suicide attempt to (1) compare demographic characteristics and suicide risk factors and (2) determine factors associated with more serious attempts requiring hospitalizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in 1 tertiary trauma hospital and 1 community hospital affiliated with McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, between January 1, 2009, and March 31, 2010. Charts of patients with potential suicide attempts were identified from medical records using ICD-10 codes that indicated traumatic injury, intentional self-harm, poisoning, and psychiatric or perception/cognition disorders and from the emergency department triage file using keywords that indicated suicidality or self-harm at presentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multivariable logistic regression models (odds ratio, 95% CI), students were younger (per 5-year increase: 0.22, 0.12-0.41), less likely to be born in Canada (0.17, 0.06-0.44), and more likely to use less violent methods (laceration, poisoning, other, multiple methods) versus more violent methods (collision, jump, fire burns, firearm, hanging) in their attempt. Fewer students had a history of substance abuse (0.12, 0.02-0.94) but were not different from nonstudents on history of other mental disorders. Less students attempted suicide in the winter/spring (January-April) versus fall (September-December) semester (0.32, 0.11-0.91). Students who attempted suicide were more likely to have family/social support. Those who attempted suicide in the previous year were more likely to require hospitalization for their current suicide attempt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowledge of specific factors associated with suicide attempts in young people can help inform and guide suicide prevention efforts in both academic and community settings. Specific to the findings of this study regarding the method of suicide attempt used, for example, limiting access to dangerous substances or large quantities of medications may help prevent or reduce suicide attempts in this population.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rahme
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Mental Health Service, Services for Students, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Nancy C P
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, St-Mary's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lamarre
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turecki
authors.affiliation: Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bonin
authors.affiliation: Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Diane Daneau
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Habel
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Service, Services for Students, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Emily C C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Yung
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Szkrumelak
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, St-Mary's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Santokh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Manulife Centre for Breakthroughs in Teen Depression and Suicide Prevention, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Renaud
authors.affiliation: Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lesage
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