title: [Efficacy of Lactose-free Milk in Korean Adults with Lactose Intolerance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lactose-free milk (LFM) is available for nutrient supply for those with lactose intolerance (LI). However, there are no consistent results of the efficacy of LFM in LI subjects. We aimed to examine the changes of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and hydrogen breath test (HBT) values after ingestion of lactose contained milk (LCM) vs. LFM.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 2015 to September 2015, thirty-five healthy adults with history of LCM-induced GI symptoms were recruited at a tertiary hospital. For the diagnosis of LI, HBT with LCM 550 mL (lactose 25 g) was performed every 20 minutes for 3 hours. The test was defined as "positive" when H2 peak exceeded 20 ppm above baseline values (ΔH2>20 ppm). When the subjects are diagnosed as LI, the second HBT using LFM 550 mL (lactose 0 g) was performed 7 days later. Subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire about the occurrence and severity of GI symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among a total of 35 subjects, 31 were diagnosed with LI at first visit, and their LCM-related symptoms were abdominal pain (98.6%), borborygmus (96.8%), diarrhea (90.3%), and flatus (87.1%). The ΔH2 value in subjects taking LCM (103.7±66.3ppm) significantly decreased to 6.3±4.9 ppm after ingesting LFM (p<0.0001). There were also significant reduction in total symptom scores and the severity of each symptom when LCM was changed to LFM (p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report that LFM reduce LCM-related GI symptoms and H2 production in Korean adults. LFM can be an effective alternative for LCM in adults with LI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Woon
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hye
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Hyuk
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Maeil Innovation Center, Maeil Daires Co., Ltd., Pyeongtaek, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Maeil Innovation Center, Maeil Daires Co., Ltd., Pyeongtaek, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Maeil Innovation Center, Maeil Daires Co., Ltd., Pyeongtaek, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D044466:Asian People; D001944:Breath Tests; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007785:Lactose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007787:Lactose Intolerance / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D006859:Hydrogen; D007785:Lactose
keywords: Breath tests; Hydrogen; Lactose intolerance