title: Combination of ensiling and fungal delignification as effective wheat straw pretreatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Utilization of lignocellulosic feedstocks for bioenergy production in developing countries demands competitive but low-tech conversion routes. White-rot fungi (WRF) inoculation and ensiling are two methods previously investigated for low-tech pretreatment of biomasses such as wheat straw (WS). This study was undertaken to assess whether a combination of forced ensiling with Lactobacillus buchneri and WRF treatment using a low cellulase fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, could produce a relevant pretreatment effect on WS for bioethanol and biogas production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A combination of the ensiling and WRF treatment induced efficient pretreatment of WS by reducing lignin content and increasing enzymatic sugar release, thereby enabling an ethanol yield of 66 % of the theoretical max on the WS glucan, i.e. a yield comparable to yields obtained with high-tech, large-scale pretreatment methods. The pretreatment effect was reached with only a minor total solids loss of 5 % by weight mainly caused by the fungal metabolism. The combination of the biopretreatments did not improve the methane potential of the WS, but improved the initial biogas production rate significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of the L. buchneri ensiling and C. subvermispora WRF treatment provided a significant improvement in the pretreatment effect on WS. This combined biopretreatment produced particularly promising results for ethanol production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for BioProcess Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sune T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for BioProcess Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jorge E G
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Londoño
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for BioProcess Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark ; Department of Engineering, Biological and Chemical Engineering Section, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ambye-Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for BioProcess Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heiske
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for BioProcess Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Zsofia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kádár
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Center for BioProcess Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne S
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8910-9931
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Meyer
keywords: Biogas; Ceriporiopsis subvermispora; Ensiling; Ethanol; Lignocellulose; Pretreatment; White rot
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