title: Meta-analysis of quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD: By both parent proxy-report and child self-report using PedsQL™.
abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent developmental disorder that seriously and negatively impacts a child's health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, no meta-analysis has been conducted to examine the magnitude of impact, domains affected and factors moderating the impact. This review included nine studies that compared HRQOL of children or adolescents with ADHD with those with typical development using both child self-reports and parent proxy-reports. Seven among nine studies were meta-analytically synthesized to examine the degree of impact of ADHD on children and adolescents, parent-child discrepancy, and the moderators. The results indicate that ADHD impact a child's or adolescent's HRQOL negatively with a moderate effect in physical and a severe effect in psychosocial (i.e., emotional, social, and school) domains. Parental ratings of overall HRQOL in children or adolescents with ADHD were not significantly different from child's ratings when compared with typically developing children and adolescents. Age was negatively associated with all domains of HRQOL in children and adolescents with ADHD both by parent- and child-ratings, and the strongest effect was found in parental ratings of child's emotional HRQOL, with a moderate correlation. This meta-analysis suggests that HRQOL may be assessed in children and adolescents with ADHD both by parent proxy- and child self-reports, and that interventions may be planned accordingly. Future meta-analysis may explore how measures of HRQOL and other factors including child, parental, familiar and school characteristics influence the impact of ADHD and the parent-child agreement in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: School of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hao-Jan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Vincent Chin-Hung
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Occupational Therapy Room, Sing Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Jen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: School of Occupational Therapy, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: chlst33@csmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chung-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: King's College London, Institute of Psychyatry, London, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gossop
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D010290:Parents; D019727:Proxy; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D057566:Self Report
keywords: Adolescent; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Child; Health related quality of life; Parent–child agreement