title: Neuropharmacological characterization of the oneirogenic Mexican plant Calea zacatechichi aqueous extract in mice.
abstract: This study evaluates the neuropharmacological effects of the aqueous extract of the Mexican plant Calea zacatechichi Schltdl., which is commonly used in folk medicine to treat cough, asthma, and gastrointestinal disorders. Moreover, it has been used for centuries in traditional rituals based on divination and is thought to possess hallucinogenic activity. To test the neuropharmacological effects of the aqueous extract of C. zacatechichi we used mouse models of convulsions, an elevated plus-maze test and measured locomotor activity. We also evaluated the effect of the extract on antidepressant-like behavior in forced swim test, as well as on muscular strength in a grip test. Moreover the antinociceptive action of the extract was evaluated in the hot-plate and writhing tests. The chemical composition of the extract was evaluated using LC-MS techniques. The aqueous extract of C. zacatechichi did not affect any of the parameters measured in seizure models. It had also no influence on anxiety, exploratory behavior and muscular strength in the applied doses. On the other hand, the extract exhibited antinociceptive effect in the mouse model of abdominal pain. Chemical characterization of the extract showed the presence of chlorogenic acid, acacetin, and germacranolides. Based on this report we suggest that aqueous extract of C. zacatechichi has insignificant neuropharmacological effects in vivo and reduces abdominal pain perception. Our results, together with previous studies showing beneficial effects of the extracts obtained from C. zacatechichi suggest that these preparations may be used to treat medical conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sałaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fichna
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, PL, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Socała
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, PL, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nieoczym
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, PL, Poland.
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pieróg
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zielińska
authors.affiliation: National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kowalczuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, PL, Poland. piotr.wlaz@umcs.lublin.pl.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wlaź
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy; D019659:Asteraceae; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Abdominal pain; Anticonvulsant activity; Mice; Seizure threshold
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