title: Functional Differences Between Placental Micro- and Macrovascular Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells.
abstract: Alterations in the development of the placental vasculature can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia. Currently, the cause of preeclampsia is unknown, and there are no specific prevention or treatment strategies. Further insight into the placental vasculature may aid in identifying causal factors. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are a subset of endothelial progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and de novo vessel formation in vitro. We hypothesized that ECFCs exist in the micro- and macrovasculature of the normal, term human placenta. Human placentas were collected from term pregnancies delivered by cesarean section (n = 16). Placental micro- and macrovasculature was collected from the maternal and fetal side of the placenta, respectively, and ECFCs were isolated and characterized. ECFCs were CD31(+), CD105(+), CD144(+), CD146(+), CD14(-), and CD45(-), took up 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein, and bound Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1. In vitro, macrovascular ECFCs had a greater potential to generate high-proliferative colonies and formed more complex capillary-like networks on Matrigel compared with microvascular ECFCs. In contrast, in vivo assessment demonstrated that microvascular ECFCs had a greater potential to form vessels. Macrovascular ECFCs were of fetal origin, whereas microvascular ECFCs were of maternal origin. ECFCs exist in the micro- and macrovasculature of the normal, term human placenta. Although macrovascular ECFCs demonstrated greater vessel and colony-forming potency in vitro, this did not translate in vivo, where microvascular ECFCs exhibited a greater vessel-forming ability. These important findings contribute to the current understanding of normal placental vascular development and may aid in identifying factors involved in preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Ioana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Lavinia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ionescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Rajesh S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Alphonse
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Saima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajabali
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Arul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vadivel
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: W Chris
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Shelley
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Mervin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yoder
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada bthebaud@ohri.ca.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thébaud
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D066026:Endothelial Progenitor Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD
keywords: Angiogenesis; Endothelial progenitor cell; Placental vasculature; Preeclampsia; Stem cell
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