title: A new method to diagnose discoid lateral menisci on radiographs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to prove that it is feasible to diagnose discoid lateral meniscus in radiographs. Plain radiographic findings of discoid lateral menisci with matched controls were analysed and compared in a quantitative method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty consecutive patients (60 knees) who were diagnosed with discoid lateral meniscus (discoid group) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. Another 60 age- and sex-matched controls with normal medial and lateral menisci on the basis of MRI findings were included as the control group. Each plain radiograph was evaluated from the anteroposterior view for the following variables: height of the fibular head (HFH), lateral joint space distance (LJSD), height of the lateral tibial spine (HLTS), obliquity of the lateral tibial plateau, obliquity of the lateral femoral condyle, distance from the lateral tibial spine to the lateral femoral condyle, height of the medial tibial spine, chordal distance of the femoral condyle (CDLF, CDMF), the HFH/LJSD, LJSD/HLTS and the CDLF/CDMF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference was found in the HFH, LJSD, HLTS, DLC, CDLF, HFH/LJSD and LJSD/HLTS between the two groups. The cut-off values of the HFH, LJSD, HLTS, DLC, CDLF, HFH/LJSD and LJSD/HLTS were 12.9 mm, 6.6 mm, 7.8 mm, 3.0 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.0 and 0.9, respectively. Among the cut-off values in diagnosing discoid lateral meniscus, the sensitivity, specificity and ROC curve area of LJSD/HLTS were as high as 73.6 %, 83.0 % and 0.8, respectively. The corresponding values of the HFH/LJSD were as high as 66.0 %, 86.8 % and 0.8. For the first two indicators, the results of the HFH/LJSD and LJSD/HLTS were higher than that of most other parameters. At the same time, the ROC curve area of the HFH/LJSD and LJSD/HLTS ranked highest among all the results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were significant differences in the HFH, LJSD, HLTS, DLC, CDLF, HFH/LJSD and LJSD/HLTS, especially the HFH/LJSD and the LJSD/HLTS, between plain radiographic findings of discoid lateral meniscus patients and normal controls. The results of the HFH/LJSD and the LJSD/HLTS showed a positive impact on the diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus in this research. These findings enable radiographs to screen for discoid lateral meniscus.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Tong Ji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.|The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological, Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Tong Ji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xifan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Tong Ji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Tong Ji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China. chunxi_yang@163.com.
authors.forename: Chunxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001182:Arthroscopy; D002357:Cartilage Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004838:Epiphyses; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Discoid lateral meniscus; Plain radiograph; Ratio
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