title: Mirrors in early clinical photography (1862-1882): a descriptive study.
abstract: In the mid-nineteenth century, photographers used mirrors to document different views of a patient in the same image. The first clinical photographs were taken by portrait photographers. As conventions for clinical photography were not yet established, early clinical photographs resemble contemporary portraits. The use of mirrors in clinical photography probably originated from the portrait studios, as several renowned photographers employed mirrors in their studio portraits. Clinical photographs taken for the US Army Medical Museum between 1862 and 1882 show different ways of employing this mirror technique.
authors.affiliation: a Senior Medical Photographer, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1171 Blindern, 0316 , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Øystein H
authors.initials: ØH
authors.lastname: Horgmo
mesh_terms: D049672:History, 19th Century; D008488:Medical Illustration / Q000266:history*; D010781:Photography / Q000266:history*
keywords: 19th Century; Armed forces; clinical photography; education; medical art and illustration; mirrors