title: Executive Functioning in Participants Over Age of 50 with Hoarding Disorder.
abstract: The current investigation utilized mid-life and late-life participants diagnosed with hoarding disorder (HD) to explore the relationship between executive functioning and hoarding severity.
  
  
  
  Correlational analyses were used to investigate the associations between executive functioning and hoarding severity in nondemented participants. Multiple regression was used to determine if executive functioning had a unique association with HD severity when accounting for depressive symptoms.
  
  
  
  Participants were recruited from the San Diego area for HD intervention studies.
  
  
  
  Participants were 113 nondemented adults aged 50-86 years who met DSM-5 criteria for HD. The mean age of the sample utilized in the analyses was 63.76 years (SD, 7.2; range, 51-85 years). The sample was mostly female (72%), Caucasian (81.4%), and unmarried (78%).
  
  
  
  Hoarding severity was assessed using the Saving Inventory-Revised and the Clutter Image Rating and depression was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Executive functioning was assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST-128) and the Trail Making and Verbal Fluency subtests of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System.
  
  
  
  Executive function (operationalized as perseveration on the WCST-128) was significantly associated with Clutter Image Ratings. In a multivariate context, executive function and depressive symptom severity were both significant predictors of variance in Clutter Image Rating.
  
  
  
  Our results suggest that executive function is related to severity of HD symptoms and should be considered as part of the conceptualization of HD.
authors.affiliation: Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: cayers@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ayers
authors.affiliation: Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dozier
authors.affiliation: Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Julie Loebach
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wetherell
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Twamley
authors.affiliation: Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Schiehser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D000067836:Hoarding Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Anxiety; OCD; Wisconsin card sorting test; compulsive hoarding
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