title: Protein microarray-mediated detection of antienterovirus antibodies in serum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To utilize prokaryotic gene expression and protein microarray to develop and evaluate a sensitive, accurate protein microarray assay for detecting antienterovirus antibodies in serum samples from patients with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16), two common causative agents for HFMD, were used for assay development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum was collected from patients with HFMD and healthy controls. EV71 and CA16 VP1 and VP3 genes were expressed in transfected Escherichia coli; the resultant VP1 and 3 proteins were used in a microarray assay for human serum EV71 and CA16 immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG. To validate the microarray assay, serum samples were tested for EV71 IgM using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 50 patients with HFMD, EV71 IgM and CA16 IgM was detected in 80% and 44% of serum samples, respectively, using protein microarray, and EV71 IgM was detected in 78% of samples using ELISA. Protein microarray and ELISA showed 100% specificity for EV71-IgM detection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The protein microarray assay developed in the present study shows potential as a sensitive technique for detecting EV71 IgM in serum samples from patients with HFMD.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Aiying
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Vaccine Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bingshui
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Vaccine Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Heqiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China liningya@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000737:chemistry; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D007106:Immune Sera; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: CA16; EV71; Hand; foot and mouth disease; protein microarray
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