title: Metabolic Basis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome; Indications for Biochemical Screening.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition with wide range of phenotype the cause of this disorder is unknown, however, increased ovarian androgen production including increased theca cell responsiveness to gonadotropin stimulation, increased pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone, and hyperinsulinemia have been suggested. Some known risk factors are ethnicity and environmental factors including lifestyle and bodyweight.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant English language studies from January 1995 to September 2015 were identified, reviewed, synthesized and discussed extensively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  various forms of PCOS, and the underlying mechanisms; and highlights biochemical, morphological and metabolic hallmarks of PCOS, including trends and emerging phenotypes; and presents a simplified synthesis that integrates current understanding of biochemical and metabolic endocrinology of PCOS are summarized. As no generally accepted criteria exist for its diagnosis, some existing diagnostic criteria that cut across different geographical regions are also highlighted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Indeed, emerging evidence points that the severity of menstrual problems could serve as a predictor of the like-hood of insulin resistance in women of reproductive age, suggesting the need for routine metabolic screening and early intervention in PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Unit, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Department of Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Maswello2002@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Maxwell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omabe
authors.forename: Kenneth Nwobini
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Omabe
authors.forename: Famurewa Ademola
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Clement
authors.forename: Grace Maxwell
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Omabe
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones