title: A possible complementary tool for diagnosing tuberculosis: a feasibility test of immunohistochemical markers.
abstract: Differentiation of tuberculous granuloma (TG) from non-tuberculous granuloma (NG) is histopathologically difficult. We evaluated the usefulness of selected immunohistochemical markers to differentiate tuberculous granuloma (TG) and non-tuberculous granuloma (NG). We selected six biomarkers (FoxP3, TNF-beta, E-selectin [ESEL], indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase [IDO], lactoferrin [LACT], and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP]) and immunohistochemically analyzed their expression in the presence of two types of granulomatous tissue samples, TG (n = 36) and NG (n = 31), using a microarray format. Three of those six biomarkers (LACT, IDO, and TNF-beta) were moderately accurate in discriminating TG from NG, individually and in combination, according to ROC analysis (AUC = 0.7-0.89, sensitivity = 55.6-77.8%, specificity = 71.0-100%). Our data indicate that selected immunohistochemical markers (LACT, IDO, and TNF-beta) can be used in ancillary tests to differentiate TG from NG in tissue samples. Further large-scale studies are required to validate our results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Dong
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005404:Fixatives; D005557:Formaldehyde; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000032:analysis*; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000032:analysis*; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005404:Fixatives; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; C490098:LTF protein, human; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D005557:Formaldehyde; D007781:Lactoferrin
keywords: 3-dioxygenase (IDO); E-selectin (ESEL); FoxP3; TNF-beta; Tuberculosis; biomarkers; extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB); granuloma; immunohistochemistry; indoleamine 2; lactoferrin (LACT)
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