title: Age-related effects of chronic restraint stress on ethanol drinking, ethanol-induced sedation, and on basal and stress-induced anxiety response.
abstract: Adolescents are sensitive to the anxiolytic effect of ethanol, and evidence suggests that they may be more sensitive to stress than adults. Relatively little is known, however, about age-related differences in stress modulation of ethanol drinking or stress modulation of ethanol-induced sedation and hypnosis. We observed that chronic restraint stress transiently exacerbated free-choice ethanol drinking in adolescent, but not in adult, rats. Restraint stress altered exploration patterns of a light-dark box apparatus in adolescents and adults. Stressed animals spent significantly more time in the white area of the maze and made significantly more transfers between compartments than their non-stressed peers. Behavioral response to acute stress, on the other hand, was modulated by prior restraint stress only in adults. Adolescents, unlike adults, exhibited ethanol-induced motor stimulation in an open field. Stress increased the duration of loss of the righting reflex after a high ethanol dose, yet this effect was similar at both ages. Ethanol-induced sleep time was much higher in adult than in adolescent rats, yet stress diminished ethanol-induced sleep time only in adults. The study indicates age-related differences that may increase the risk for initiation and escalation in alcohol drinking.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Macarena Soledad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
authors.forename: María Carolina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fabio
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Roberto Sebastián
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Miranda-Morales
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Miriam B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Virgolini
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Laura N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: De Giovanni
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos Especializados (LACE), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Aranza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wille-Bille
authors.affiliation: Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Nizhnikov
authors.affiliation: Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Linda P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Spear
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: rpautassi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ricardo Marcos
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pautassi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Ethanol; Rat; Restraint stress
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