title: Bone marrow-derived monocytes give rise to self-renewing and fully differentiated Kupffer cells.
abstract: Self-renewing tissue-resident macrophages are thought to be exclusively derived from embryonic progenitors. However, whether circulating monocytes can also give rise to such macrophages has not been formally investigated. Here we use a new model of diphtheria toxin-mediated depletion of liver-resident Kupffer cells to generate niche availability and show that circulating monocytes engraft in the liver, gradually adopt the transcriptional profile of their depleted counterparts and become long-lived self-renewing cells. Underlining the physiological relevance of our findings, circulating monocytes also contribute to the expanding pool of macrophages in the liver shortly after birth, when macrophage niches become available during normal organ growth. Thus, like embryonic precursors, monocytes can and do give rise to self-renewing tissue-resident macrophages if the niche is available to them.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Charlotte L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Baetselier
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Liesbet
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saeys
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Prijck
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|VIB Bio Imaging Core, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Microscopy Core Facility, VIB, Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lippens
authors.affiliation: Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Chloé
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abels
authors.affiliation: Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schoonooghe
authors.affiliation: Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Geert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raes
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Devoogdt
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bart N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Lambrecht
authors.affiliation: Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB, Brussels 1050, Belgium.|Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beschin
authors.affiliation: Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent 9000, Belgium.|Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guilliams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D000066673:Cell Self Renewal; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology*
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