title: Modulating crystal grain size and optoelectronic properties of perovskite films for solar cells by reaction temperature.
abstract: Regulating the temperature during the direction contact and intercalation process (DCIP) for the transition from PbI2 to CH3NH3PbI3 modulated the crystallinity, crystal grain size and crystal grain orientation of the perovskite films. Higher temperatures produced perovskite films with better crystallinity, larger grain size, and better photovoltaic performance. The best cell, which had a PCE of 12.9%, was obtained on a film prepared at 200 °C. Further open circuit voltage decay and film resistance characterization revealed that the larger grain size contributed to longer carrier lifetime and smaller carrier transport resistance, both of which are beneficial for solar cell devices.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China. zyang@snnu.edu.cn liusz@snnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Yucheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qingbo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Shengzhong Frank
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Liu