title: The relationship between physician humility, physician-patient communication, and patient health.
abstract: Cultural portrayals of physicians suggest an unclear and even contradictory role for humility in the physician-patient relationship. Despite the social importance of humility, however, little empirical research has linked humility in physicians with patient outcomes or the characteristics of the doctor-patient visit. The present study investigated the relationship between physician humility, physician-patient communication, and patients' perceptions of their health during a planned medical visit.
  
  
  
  Primary care physician-patient interactions (297 patients across 100 physicians) were rated for the physician's humility and the effectiveness of the physician-patient communication. Additionally, patients reported their overall health and physicians and patients reported their satisfaction with the interaction.
  
  
  
  Within-physician fluctuations in physician humility and self-reported patient health positively predicted one another, and mean-level differences in physician humility predicted effective physician-patient communication, even when controlling for the patient's and physician's satisfaction with the visit and the physician's frustration with the patient.
  
  
  
  The results suggest that humble, rather than paternalistic or arrogant, physicians are most effective at working with their patients.
  
  
  
  Interventions to improve physician humility may promote better communication between health care providers and patients, and, in turn, better patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, USA. Electronic address: peter.ruberton@email.ucr.edu.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ruberton
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Armstrong State University, Savannah, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Ho P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, USA.
authors.forename: Tricia A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Owen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Elliott
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chancellor
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, USA.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyubomirsky
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010465:Perception; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Humility; Perceived health; Physician–patient communication