title: Feasibility of test-bolus DCE-MRI using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE for the evaluation of pancreatic malignancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of test-bolus dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI with CAIPIRINHA-VIBE for pancreatic malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients underwent DCE-MRI with CAIPIRINHA-VIBE after injection of 2 mL gadolinium. From the resulting time-intensity curve (TIC), we estimated the arterial (AP) and portal venous phase (PVP) scan timing for subsequent multiphasic MRI. DCE-MRI perfusion maps were generated, and perfusion parameters were calculated. The image quality was rated on a 5-point scale (1: poor, 5: excellent). Goodness-of-fit of the TIC was evaluated by Pearson's χ2test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Test-bolus DCE-MRIs with high temporal (3 s) and spatial resolution (1 × 1 × 4 mm3) were acquired with good-quality perfusion maps of Ktrans and iAUC (mean score 4.313 ± 0.535 and 4.125 ± 0.554, respectively). The mean χ2values for fitted TICs were 0.115 ± 0.082 for the pancreatic parenchyma and 0.784 ± 0.074 for pancreatic malignancies, indicating an acceptable goodness-of-fit. Test-bolus DCE-MRI was highly accurate in estimating the proper timing of AP (90.6 %) and PVP (100 %) of subsequent multiphasic MRI. Between pancreatic adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumours, there were significant differences in the Ktrans (0.073 ± 0.058 vs. 0.308 ± 0.062, respectively; p = 0.007) and iAUC (1.501 ± 0.828 vs. 3.378 ± 0.378, respectively; p = 0.045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Test-bolus DCE-MRI using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE is feasible for incorporating perfusion analysis of pancreatic tumours into routine multiphasic MRI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Test-bolus DCE-MRI using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE is feasible for perfusion analysis of pancreatic tumours. • CAIPIRINHA-VIBE enables DCE-MRI with high temporal and spatial resolution. • Test-bolus DCE-MRI is highly accurate in estimating the proper timing of multiphasic MRI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Jimi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.affiliation: Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoonseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Cheol
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Nieun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.
authors.forename: Bohyun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Kyung
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, 23 Chungjung-ro, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In Seong
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, Henkestrabe 127, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea. medimash@gmail.com.|Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Korea. medimash@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kyung Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011868:Radioisotopes
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011868:Radioisotopes; D005682:Gadolinium
keywords: Feasibility studies; Magnetic resonance imaging; Neoplasms; Pancreas; Perfusion imaging
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