title: Chest magnetic resonance imaging: a protocol suggestion.
abstract: In the recent years, with the development of ultrafast sequences, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as a valuable diagnostic modality in body imaging. Because of improvements in speed and image quality, MRI is now ready for routine clinical use also in the study of pulmonary diseases. The main advantage of MRI of the lungs is its unique combination of morphological and functional assessment in a single imaging session. In this article, the authors review most technical aspects and suggest a protocol for performing chest MRI. The authors also describe the three major clinical indications for MRI of the lungs: staging of lung tumors; evaluation of pulmonary vascular diseases; and investigation of pulmonary abnormalities in patients who should not be exposed to radiation.
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hochhegger
authors.affiliation: MD, Resident in Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius Valério Silveira
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: PhD, Full Professor Emeritus, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchiori
authors.affiliation: PhD, Consultant Radiologist, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Klaus Loureiro
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Irion
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (Famerp), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur Soares
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Centro de Ciências das Imagens e Física Médica (CCIFM) - Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elias Junior
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor, Program of Post-graduation in Radiology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosana Souza
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor, Program of Post-graduation in Radiology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miriam Menna
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Medical Practice, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dante Luiz
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Escuissato
authors.affiliation: MD, Radiologist, Radiologia Anchieta, Taguatinga, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Dias
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Mançano
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: César Augusto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Araujo Neto
authors.affiliation: PhD, Professor, Program of Post-graduation stricto sensu, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Duarte
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.affiliation: MD, Resident in Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Schuler
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nin
authors.affiliation: PhD, Attending Physician at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcel Koenigkam
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine and Diagnostic Support, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge Luiz Pereira E
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Silva
keywords: Chest; Lung; Magnetic resonance imaging; Protocol; Sequences
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