title: Effect of the Hydroethanolic Extract from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and a Fraction Enriched in Flavone-C-Glycosides on Antigen-Induced Arthritis in Mice.
abstract: The leaves of Echinodorus grandiflorus are traditionally used in Brazil to treat several inflammatory conditions, including arthritis. This study aimed to investigate the antiarthritis activity of the 70% ethanol extract of E. grandiflorus leaves and a standardized flavonoid-rich fraction in an antigen-induced arthritis model in mice. Previously immunized mice were treated per os with saline (control group), 70% ethanol extract (100-1000 mg/kg), or a flavonoid-rich fraction (0.7-7.2 mg/kg) 40 minutes before and 3 and 6 hours after the challenge with antigen into the knee joint. The administration of the 70% ethanol extract and flavonoid-rich fraction to mice significantly reduced neutrophil recruitment to the joint cavity and in periarticular tissue. The levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β quantified by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the periarticular tissue were also diminished in mice treated with the 70% ethanol extract and flavonoid-rich fraction, as well as mechanical hypernociception. Histological analysis confirmed that both the 70% ethanol extract and flavonoid-rich fraction suppressed joint inflammation and inhibited cartilage and bone destruction when compared to the control group. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that E. grandiflorus has anti-inflammatory activity in an experimental arthritis model and highlights the role of flavonoids in the observed response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana de Faria
authors.initials: Ede F
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Assíria
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiza C M
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Candido
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vivian Vasconcelos
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celso Martins
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Queiroz-Junior
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daiane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boff
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávio Almeida
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle da Glória
authors.initials: Dda G
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mauro Martins
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernão Castro
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Braga
mesh_terms: D034901:Alismataceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001938:Brazil; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006027:Glycosides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C438934:C-glycoside; D005419:Flavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D009005:Monosaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts