title: Time-course and intensity-based classifications of oxidative stresses and their potential application in biomedical, comparative and environmental research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We propose some clues for classification of oxidative stresses based on their intensity and time-course.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress is studied for more than three decades and it is clear that it may differ on the parameters of interest. But up to now there is no any system for formal discrimination between different types of the stress. Such approach can provide important benefits at description of experimental data.
  
  
  METHODS
  We briefly review information on oxidative stresses and show that the theoretical concept is actually poorly developed since introduction of the first definition in 1985 by H. Sies. We argue that the stresses can differ on their intensities and time-curses, but there was no theoretical basis for discrimination between them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of these analyses, we propose two systems of classifications of oxidative stresses enabling their description taking into account their intensity and time-course. We analyze essential biomarkers of oxidative stress to be used for classification such as levels of modified by reactive oxygen species proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and low molecular mass compounds. Finally, we describe potential applications of the proposed classifications to biomedical, comparative and environmental research.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed classifications of oxidative stress may facilitate description of experimental data and their comparison between different organisms and methods of induction of oxidative stresses. Additionally this work may provide some clues to develop quantitative approaches for formal categorization of oxidative stresses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most applications of the classifications proposed are theoretical and applied studies where oxidative stress takes place.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University , 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018 , Ukraine.
authors.forename: Volodymyr I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Lushchak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Adaptive response; Cell function; Homeostasis; Reactive oxygen species; Regulatory pathways
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