title: FORMANT CHARACTERISTICS OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING LEBANESE MEN.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the formant characteristics of English-speaking Lebanese men during steady prolongation of vowels /a/ and /i/.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study involving volunteer participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty healthy English-speaking males with a mean age of 32 ± 4.027 years and a range of 42 years (18-60).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 healthy males between the age of 18 and 60 were recruited for the study. Each subject was asked to phonate a sustained /a/ and /i/ sound at a comfortable pitch and intensity level. Measures were made in real-time and formant frequencies across F1, F2, F3 and F4 were determined using the Real-time Spectrogram VP 3950 (Kay Elemetrics, New Jersey).
  
  
  METHODS
  The formant frequencies across F1, F2, F3 and F4 were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the vowel /a/, the mean values of F1, F2, F3 and F4 were 622.86 ± 61.293 Hz, 1264 ± 78.602 Hz, 2610.90 ± 206.359 Hz and 3483.56 ± 206.833 Hz, respectively. For the vowel /i/, the corresponding values were 378.88 ± 51.825 Hz, 2210.34 ± 124.077 Hz, 2847 ± 168.770 Hz and 3576.82 ± 242.760 Hz, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formant characteristics vary among cultures and ethnic groups.
authors.forename: Abdul Latif
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hamdan
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ziade
authors.forename: Zeid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Al-Zaghal
authors.forename: Dollen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tabri
authors.forename: Solara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinno
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saade
authors.forename: Jad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.forename: Jihad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nassar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D007861:Lebanon; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010700:Phonetics; D055815:Young Adult