title: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization in the Intensive Care Unit: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization on intensive care unit (ICU) admission, risk factors for P. aeruginosa colonization, and the incidence of subsequent clinical culture with P. aeruginosa among those colonized and not colonized.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cohort study of patients admitted to a medical or surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Patients had admission perirectal surveillance cultures performed. Risk factors analyzed included comorbidities at admission, age, sex, antibiotics received during current hospitalization before ICU admission, and type of ICU.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1,840 patients, 213 (11.6%) were colonized with P. aeruginosa on ICU admission. Significant risk factors in the multivariable analysis for colonization were age (odds ratio, 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01-1.03]), anemia (1.90 [1.05-3.42]), and neurologic disorder (1.80 [1.27-2.54]). Of the 213 patients colonized with P. aeruginosa on admission, 41 (19.2%) had a subsequent clinical culture positive for P. aeruginosa on ICU admission and 60 (28.2%) had a subsequent clinical culture positive for P. aeruginosa in the current hospitalization (ICU period and post-ICU period). Of these 60 patients, 49 (81.7%) had clinical infections. Of the 1,627 patients not colonized on admission, only 68 (4.2%) had a subsequent clinical culture positive for P. aeruginosa in the current hospitalization. Patients colonized with P. aeruginosa were more likely to have a subsequent positive clinical culture than patients not colonized (incidence rate ratio, 6.74 [95% CI, 4.91-9.25]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prediction rules or rapid diagnostic testing will help clinicians more appropriately choose empirical antibiotic therapy for subsequent infections.
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Sarah S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Gwen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pineles
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Surbhi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leekha
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Kerri A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Thom
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doll
authors.affiliation: 2Yale School of Public Health,New Haven,Connecticut.
authors.forename: Melinda M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pettigrew
authors.affiliation: 1University of Maryland School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland.
authors.forename: J Kristie
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
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