title: Escherichia coli biofilm: development and therapeutic strategies.
abstract: Escherichia coli biofilm consists of a bacterial colony embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) which protects the microbes from adverse environmental conditions and results in infection. Besides being the major causative agent for recurrent urinary tract infections, E. coli biofilm is also responsible for indwelling medical device-related infectivity. The cell-to-cell communication within the biofilm occurs due to quorum sensors that can modulate the key biochemical players enabling the bacteria to proliferate and intensify the resultant infections. The diversity in structural components of biofilm gets compounded due to the development of antibiotic resistance, hampering its eradication. Conventionally used antimicrobial agents have a restricted range of cellular targets and limited efficacy on biofilms. This emphasizes the need to explore the alternate therapeuticals like anti-adhesion compounds, phytochemicals, nanomaterials for effective drug delivery to restrict the growth of biofilm. The current review focuses on various aspects of E. coli biofilm development and the possible therapeutic approaches for prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chandola
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gabrani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010933:Plankton; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000187:drug effects; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: E. coli; antimicrobials; bacteriocins; diseases; genes