title: Residues from the thermal conversion of waste from the meat industry as a source of valuable macro- and micronutrients.
abstract: The increased consumption of meat (including poultry) observed over the last decade has led to the intensification of its production. With the production increase, the amount of generated waste also increases. Appropriate disposal of waste from the meat industry will significantly reduce the amount of such waste and its negative impact on the environment. The paper presents a method for the thermal neutralisation of feathers, poultry litter and meat and bone meal (MBM). Waste incineration was carried out in a stationary electric furnace, at a temperature varying in the range of 600-900°C. The resulting ashes were characterised by a high percentage of phosphorus (30-170 g/kg ash), calcium (20-360 g/kg ash) and other valuable macro- and micronutrients like copper, iron, manganese and zinc. The ashes produced during the thermal treatment are safe in terms of sanitary and can be used as additives enriching the fertilisers and soil improvers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland. Electronic address: pstaron@chemia.pk.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staroń
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Zygmunt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Staroń
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, Ostrava-Poruba 708 33, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seidlerová
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering and Chemical Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska St., 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000032:analysis*; D005241:Feathers / Q000737:chemistry; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D017745:Incineration / Q000379:methods*; D008372:Manure; D008460:Meat; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000032:analysis*; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D060729:Coal Ash; D008372:Manure; D018977:Micronutrients; D008903:Minerals; C027762:bone meal
keywords: Feathers; Meat–bone meal; Phosphorus; Poultry litter; Resource recovery