title: WHITE PANICLE1, a Val-tRNA Synthetase Regulating Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis in Rice, Is Essential for Early Chloroplast Development.
abstract: Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain their own genomes and transcriptional and translational systems. Establishing these genetic systems is essential for plant growth and development. Here we characterized a mutant form of a Val-tRNA synthetase (OsValRS2) from Oryza sativa that is targeted to both chloroplasts and mitochondria. A single base change in OsValRS2 caused virescent to albino phenotypes in seedlings and white panicles at heading. We therefore named this mutant white panicle 1 (wp1). Chlorophyll autofluorescence observations and transmission electron microscopy analyses indicated that wp1 mutants are defective in early chloroplast development. RNA-seq analysis revealed that expression of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes is significantly repressed, while expression of many chloroplast-encoded genes also changed significantly in wp1 mutants. Western-blot analyses of chloroplast-encoded proteins showed that chloroplast protein levels were reduced in wp1 mutants, although mRNA levels of some genes were higher in wp1 than in wild type. We found that wp1 was impaired in chloroplast ribosome biogenesis. Taken together, our results show that OsValRS2 plays an essential role in chloroplast development and regulating chloroplast ribosome biogenesis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6273-4566
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Chunming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Wuhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: HaiYang
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1302-5747
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766.
authors.forename: William
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7536-6432
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Terzaghi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766 wanjm@njau.edu.cn wanjianmin@caas.cn yihuawang@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; andDepartment of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766 wanjm@njau.edu.cn wanjianmin@caas.cn yihuawang@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005453:Fluorescence; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D009154:Mutation; D001678:Organelle Biogenesis; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D021381:Protein Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000378:metabolism; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D014637:Valine-tRNA Ligase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014637:Valine-tRNA Ligase
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