title: A Chronic Disease State Simulation in an Ambulatory Care Elective Course.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To implement a chronic disease state simulation in an ambulatory care elective course and to assess the simulation's impact on students' perceptions of their empathy toward patients and of their counseling skills.
  
  
  METHODS
  The chronic disease state simulation occurred over 2 weeks. Students alternated playing the role of patient and pharmacist. As patients, students adhered to medication regimens, lifestyle modifications, and blood glucose or blood pressure monitoring. As pharmacists, students conducted patient interviews, and provided education and counseling. Empathy and counseling skills were assessed through course surveys, written reflections, and SOAP notes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results from a cohort of 130 students indicated the simulation enhanced students' perceptions of their abilities to empathize with and counsel patients with chronic diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The chronic disease state simulation provides a novel approach to develop skills needed for working with complex patient cases in ambulatory care settings.
authors.affiliation: Chicago State University College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.affiliation: Chicago State University College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Cindy Leslie A
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Roberson
authors.affiliation: Chicago State University College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: Lalita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prasad-Reddy
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004645:Empathy; D006801:Humans; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010593:Pharmaceutical Services / Q000592:standards*; D013339:Students, Pharmacy
keywords: ambulatory care; chronic disease; empathy; patient counseling
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