title: Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) inhibits the cell migration and invasion in human glioma cell lines in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects and the potential mechanisms of RKIP on cell migration, invasion and proliferation in human glioma cell lines in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  The RKIP over-expressing and RKIP knockdown human U87 glioma cells were used to reveal the effects of RKIP on human glioma cells migration, invasion and proliferation. After the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.0-RKIP or RKIP-shRNA was transfected into the cell lines U87 by the means of liposome assay, the cells migration, invasion and proliferation were detected by wound healing, Transwell and MTT assay. Then, the levels of RKIP, MMP-3, MMP-9 and HMGA2 mRNA transcription were measured by means of RT-qPCR and levels of proteins expressions were determined using Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of MTT assay suggested that the PKIP have little inhibitive effects on glioma cells proliferation (P>0.05). The present paper showed that the migration distances in the group of RKIP-shRNA were markedly increased compared to the pcDNA3.0-RKIP and control. Similarly, the results showed that the numbers of invasion cells in RKIP-shRNA were remarkably increased than the pcDNA3.0-RKIP group and control group. Western blot and RT-qPCR suggested that over-expressions of RKIP lessened the MMP-2, MMP-9 and HMGA2 expression, however, turning down the RKIP expression showed the inverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RKIP inhibits the cells migrations and invasions. Meanwhile, RKIP might inhibit the glioma cells through inhibiting MMPs and HMAG2 expression. Therefore, we demonstrated that RKIP is an underlying target for the treatment of glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Chuanlu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Zhiren
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D025743:HMGA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D025743:HMGA2 Protein; C511482:PEBP1 protein, human; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C511768:MMP3 protein, human; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: HMGA2; Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP); glioma; invasion; migration
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