title: Enterovirus 71 transmission by exosomes establishes a productive infection in human neuroblastoma cells.
abstract: Exosomes are small secreted cellular vesicles for intercellular communications which contain proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs). Recent studies have shown that exosomes play an important role in the transmission of infectious agents including hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and so on. However, the role of exosomes in the transfer of enterovirus 71 (EV71) between host cells remains unknown. In this study, we show that the exosomes derived from EV71-infected rhabdomyosarcoma cells contain EV71 RNA and capsid protein VP1, determined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (QRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The shedding of exosomes containing virus can establish a productive infection in human neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-SH). A comparative analysis of neutralization by EV71-specific immunoglobulins showed different levels of neutralization of exosomes-mediated infection compared with free virus. In conclusion, exosomes from EV71-infected cells may play an important role in virus dissemination and are partially resisted to antibody neutralization. Our results suggest that there is an exosomal route of EV71 transmission infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China. maolingxiang@aliyun.com.|School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China. maolingxiang@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Lingxiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China. xuhx@ujs.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huaxi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology; D001692:Biological Transport; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000821:virology; D055354:Exosomes / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing
keywords: Enterovirus 71; Exosomes; Neutralization; Transmission
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