title: Monolithically integrated broad-band Mach-Zehnder interferometers for highly sensitive label-free detection of biomolecules through dual polarization optics.
abstract: Protein detection and characterization based on Broad-band Mach-Zehnder Interferometry is analytically outlined and demonstrated through a monolithic silicon microphotonic transducer. Arrays of silicon light emitting diodes and monomodal silicon nitride waveguides forming Mach-Zehnder interferometers were integrated on a silicon chip. Broad-band light enters the interferometers and exits sinusoidally modulated with two distinct spectral frequencies characteristic of the two polarizations. Deconvolution in the Fourier transform domain makes possible the separation of the two polarizations and the simultaneous monitoring of the TE and the TM signals. The dual polarization analysis over a broad spectral band makes possible the refractive index calculation of the binding adlayers as well as the distinction of effective medium changes into cover medium or adlayer ones. At the same time, multi-analyte detection at concentrations in the pM range is demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear &Radiological Sciences &Technology, Energy &Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Psarouli
authors.affiliation: Optical Biosensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salapatas
authors.affiliation: Optical Biosensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Botsialas
authors.affiliation: Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear &Radiological Sciences &Technology, Energy &Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Petrou
authors.affiliation: Optical Biosensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Raptis
authors.affiliation: Optical Biosensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Makarona
authors.affiliation: Jobst Technologies GmbH, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jobst
authors.affiliation: VTT, Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tukkiniemi
authors.affiliation: VTT, Espoo, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sopanen
authors.affiliation: PhoeniX BV, 7521 PA Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stoffer
authors.affiliation: Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear &Radiological Sciences &Technology, Energy &Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kakabakos
authors.affiliation: Optical Biosensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Misiakos
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
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