title: Reduction of internal carotid artery intima-media thickness in patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome after nasal surgery and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Multi-level surgeries for the nasal cavity and palate can reduce the severity of obstructive sleep apnea with major narrowing above the retropalatal airway and reduce the carotid intima-media thickness, which can provide cardiovascular benefits to patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcomes of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by surgeries and the change of internal carotid artery intima-media thickness after surgeries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four patients with obstructive sleep apnea, narrowing at the nasal cavity, and retropalatal airways were enrolled in this study. Fifty-two patients underwent nasal surgery and modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Twelve patients who refused surgeries and continuous positive airway pressure treatment received only conservative treatment. All patients were evaluated within 1 month before and 6 months after treatment using polysomnography, upper airway endoscopy, and B mode ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rate was 61.5% (32/52 patients) in the surgery group. There were significant differences between the surgery group and non-surgery group 6 months after treatment in the apnea hypopnea index, minimum and mean oxygen saturation, blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and internal Carotid intima-media thickness. The changes in the oxygen saturation and the apnea hypopnea index showed significant correlations with the changes in the intima-media thickness.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China ;
authors.forename: Yikun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China ;
authors.forename: Liangchun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China ;
authors.forename: Defeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China ;
authors.forename: Yubing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: b Department of Blood Screening Test , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China ;
authors.forename: Shuhui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: c Department of Ultrasonography , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China.
authors.forename: Hongyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: c Department of Ultrasonography , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , Guizhou , PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Upper airway obstruction; apnea hypopnea index; atherosclerosis; hypoxemia; nasal cavity; retropalatal space; ultrasonography