title: NuSAP governs chromosome oscillation by facilitating the Kid-generated polar ejection force.
abstract: In vertebrate cells, chromosomes oscillate to align precisely during metaphase. NuSAP, a microtubule-associated protein, plays a critical role in stabilizing spindle microtubules. In this study, we utilize 3D time-lapse live-cell imaging to monitor the role of NuSAP in chromosome oscillation and identify NuSAP as a novel regulator of the chromokinesin, Kid. Depletion of NuSAP significantly suppresses the amplitude and velocity of chromosome oscillation. We analyse the effects of NuSAP and Kid depletion in monopolar and bipolar cells with or without kinetochore microtubule depletion. Twelve postulated conditions are deciphered to reveal the contribution of NuSAP to the polar force generated at kinetochore microtubules and to the regulation of the polar ejection force generated by Kid, thus revealing a pivotal role of NuSAP in chromosome oscillation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Chenyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Chenyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Qiaoyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore.|Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Boon Chuan
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore.|Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117573, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Yih-Cherng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liou
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002503:Centromere; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008677:Metaphase / Q000502:physiology*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus; D059008:Time-Lapse Imaging
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C098764:KIF22 protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C000709213:NUSAP1 protein, human; D016547:Kinesins
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