title: Effects of Krankcycle Training on Performance and Body Composition in Wheelchair Users.
abstract: Innovation in training equipment is important for increasing training effectiveness, performance and changes in body composition, especially in wheelchair users with paraplegia. The main objective of a workout session is to induce an adaptation stimulus, which requires overload of involved muscles by voluntary effort, yet this overload may be highly influenced by the size of the spinal cord lesion. Krancykl construction is designed to allow exercise on any wheelchair and with adjustable height or width of crank handles, where even the grip handle may be altered. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in body composition, performance and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) in paraplegics with a different level of paralyses after a 12 week training programme of a unilateral regime on Krankcycle equipment (a crank machine). The study sample included four men and one women at a different spine lesion level. The 12 weeks programme was successfully completed by four participants, while one subject got injured during the intervention process. Three participants were paraplegics and one was quadriplegic with innervation of the biceps humeri, triceps humeri and deltoideus. The Krankcycle 30 min programme was followed by four other exercises, which were performed after themselves rather than in a circuit training manner as the latter would result in much longer rest periods between exercises, because paraplegics have to be fixed by straps during exercise on hydraulic machines. The RPE after the workout decreased following the twelve week adaptation period.
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Physical Education and Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Laboratory of Extreme Loading.
authors.forename: Rostislav
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Čichoň
authors.affiliation: Department of Theory and Practice of Sport, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maszczyk
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Physical Education and Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Laboratory of Extreme Loading.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stastny
authors.affiliation: Palacky University in Olomouc, Faculty of Physical Culture, Tr. Miru 115, post. 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Uhlíř
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Physical Education and Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Laboratory of Extreme Loading.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petr
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Physical Education and Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Laboratory of Extreme Loading.
authors.forename: Ondřej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Doubrava
authors.affiliation: Department of Theory and Practice of Sport, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostowik
authors.affiliation: Department of Theory and Practice of Sport, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gołaś
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cieszczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport, Warsaw Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Żmijewski
keywords: Krankcycle; body composition; paraplegia; training methods; wheelchair user
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