title: Interaction of low dose of fish oil and glucocorticoids on insulin sensitivity and lipolysis in healthy humans: A randomized controlled study.
abstract: METHODS
  This study examined the interaction of fish oil (FO) with dexamethasone on glucose and lipid metabolisms in healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included two consecutive parts. Part A (randomized) in 16 subjects studied the effects of dexamethasone (2 days, 2 mg/day) versus placebo (lactose), part B (two parallel subgroups of eight) studied the interaction of FO (3 wk, 840 mg/day of EPA + DHA) with dexamethasone. Insulin sensitivity of lipolysis (d5-glycerol infusion + microdialysis), endogenous glucose production, and muscle glucose uptake were assessed by a three-step hot insulin clamp and substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry. Dexamethasone induced liver and peripheral insulin resistance, an increase in fat oxidation, and a decrease in suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs). FO amplified the effects of dexamethasone by increasing liver and muscle insulin resistance, by reducing suppression of plasma NEFAs and fat oxidation and by increasing adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FO, given at a moderate dose in healthy subjects prior to a very short-term (2 days) low dose of a synthetic glucocorticoid, worsened its deleterious effects on insulin sensitivity. The enhancing effect of FO on fat oxidation and AT lipolysis might be a protective effect toward an increase in fat mass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences & Laboratory of Human Nutrition, University Hospital of Brest, Brest University, Brest, France.|Breton Federation of Food and Human Nutrition (FED4216), University of Brest, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delarue
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences & Laboratory of Human Nutrition, University Hospital of Brest, Brest University, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Gwenola
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Allain-Jeannic
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences & Laboratory of Human Nutrition, University Hospital of Brest, Brest University, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guillerm
authors.affiliation: BFA, UMR 8251 CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cruciani-Guglielmacci
authors.affiliation: BFA, UMR 8251 CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Toxicology, University Hospital of Brest, Brest University, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Moineau
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences & Laboratory of Human Nutrition, University Hospital of Brest, Brest University, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Le Guen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018565:Food-Drug Interactions; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009821:Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D010232:Paraffin / Q000494:pharmacology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005395:Fish Oils; D009821:Oils; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D003907:Dexamethasone; D010232:Paraffin; C015418:paraffin oils; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: Glucose metabolism; Insulin resistance; Lipolysis; Long chain n-3 fatty acids; Stable isotopes