title: Facial Fractures in Kajang Hospital, Malaysia: A 5-Year Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the demographic data as well as other relevant data pertaining to the management of patients with maxillofacial injury in a Malaysian government regional hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of 313 patients who sustained maxillofacial injury treated in Kajang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia over a 5-year period (1998-2002) were collected. Data regarding age, gender and race, etiology of injury, site of injury, other associated injuries and treatment undertaken were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and forty-nine male (79.6%) and 64 female patients (20.4%) were treated for maxillofacial trauma. The patients' age range from 1 to 67 years old, with a median age of 23 years old. A high number of Malays (60.1%) sustained maxillofacial injury, followed by Indians (16%), Chinese (13.4%) and other races (10.5%). Road traffic accident was the main etiology for maxillofacial injury with 230 cases (73.5%), followed by fall (16.6%), assault (5.4%), industrial accident (2.6%), sports injuries (0.6%) and others (1.3%). Mandibular fractures were the most common, occurring in 83.1% of the cases while the midfacial fractures accounted for 16.9%. Majority of patients were treated with closed reduction and intermaxillary fixation (88.1%) and 11.9% underwent open reduction and internal fixation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Road traffic accident involving motorcyclists was the main cause of maxillofacial trauma in Malaysia. The most common facial fracture was the mandibular fracture. Non-surgical manipulation of fracture was the most common treatment carried out in this hospital.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rozland04@yahoo.com.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rozland04@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Roslan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Haizal M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hussaini
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Public Health, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Normastura A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siti R A
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ghazali M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Nor
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kajang Hospital, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sharifah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ai Idrus
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Roszalina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramli
keywords: Kajang Hospital; Malaysia; Maxillofacial trauma; Retrospective study