title: Pair exposure with conspecific during fear conditioning induces the link between freezing and passive avoidance behaviors in rats.
abstract: Social factor plays an important role in dealing with posttraumatic stress disorder related to excessive physiological fear response and insufficient fear memory extinction of the brain. However, although social circumstances occurred not only during contextual retrieval but also during fear conditioning, most previous studies focused on the advantageous aspects of social buffering in fear retrieval period. To demonstrate the association between fear responses and fear memory from social stimuli during fear conditioning, pair exposed rats with conspecific as social buffering were subjected to a fear conditioning of passive avoidance test to evaluate memory function and freezing behavior. Whereas single exposed rats showed the significant increase of freezing behaviors and passive avoidance behaviors compared to control rats, pair exposed rats showed significant alleviation of the freezing behaviors and passive avoidance behaviors compared to single exposed rats. Furthermore, we determined a significant correlation between freezing and passive avoidance behavioral alteration in pair exposed rats. Taken together, we suggest that pair exposure with conspecific during fear conditioning helps to cope with both freezing response and fear memory systems and their reciprocal interaction has a crucial potential as a resource for the relief of unreasonable stress responses in posttraumatic stress disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science Education, College of Education, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16890, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunchan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Science Education, College of Education, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 16890, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jihyun2@dankook.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jihyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Noh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological; D005239:Fear; D046352:Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012932:Social Facilitation
keywords: Avoidance test; Electric foot shock; Fear expression; Fear extinction; PTSD; Paired exposure; Passive avoidance behavior; Social buffering