title: The developmental origins and lineage contributions of endocardial endothelium.
abstract: Endocardial development involves a complex orchestration of cell fate decisions that coordinate with endoderm formation and other mesodermal cell lineages. Historically, investigations into the contribution of endocardium in the developing embryo was constrained to the heart where these cells give rise to the inner lining of the myocardium and are a major contributor to valve formation. In recent years, studies have continued to elucidate the complexities of endocardial fate commitment revealing a much broader scope of lineage potential from developing endocardium. These studies cover a wide range of species and model systems and show direct contribution or fate potential of endocardium giving rise to cardiac vasculature, blood, fibroblast, and cardiomyocyte lineages. This review focuses on the marked expansion of knowledge in the area of endocardial fate potential. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cardiomyocyte Biology: Integration of Developmental and Environmental Cues in the Heart edited by Marcus Schaub and Hughes Abriel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Electronic address: n.palpant@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Nathan J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Palpant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004699:Endocardium / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D009024:Morphogenesis; D010641:Phenotype
keywords: Cardiovascular; Directed differentiation; Hematopoiesis; Human pluripotent stem cells, cardiac; Lineage tracing