title: The Influence of Genotype Polymorphism on Morphine Analgesic Effect for Postoperative Pain in Children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although opioids are the most commonly used medications to control postoperative pain in children, the analgesic effects could have a large inter-individual variability according to genotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms and the analgesic effect of morphine for postoperative pain in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was conducted in 88 healthy children undergoing tonsillectomy, who received morphine during the operation. The postoperative pain score, frequency of rescue analgesics, and side effects of morphine were assessed in the post-anesthesia care unit. The children were genotyped for OPRM1 A118G, ABCB1 C3435T, and COMT Val158Met.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with at least one G allele for OPRM1 (AG/GG) had higher postoperative pain scores compared with those with the AA genotype at the time of discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (P = 0.025). Other recovery profiles were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant relationship between genotypes and postoperative pain scores in analysis of ABCB1 and COMT polymorphisms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic polymorphism at OPRM1 A118G, but not at ABCB1 C3435T and COMT Val158Met, influences the analgesic effect of morphine for immediate acute postoperative pain in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Geum
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
authors.forename: Keun Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: ABCB1 protein, human; COMT protein, human; Child; Morphine; OPRM protein, human; Pain; Postoperative
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