title: Social influences on use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and hookah by college students.
abstract: (1) Compare social norms and perceived peer use between college student cigarette, e-cigarette, and/or hookah users and nonusers; and (2) determine variables associated with social influences.
  
  
  
  Undergraduate students attending a large university in the Southeast United States (N = 511).
  
  
  
  An April 2013 online survey assessed use of 3 types of tobacco, social norms, perception of peer use, number of smokers in life, exposure to secondhand smoke, and demographic characteristics.
  
  
  
  Participants indicated greater acceptance of emerging tobacco products than for cigarettes and consistently overestimated the percent of peers who use various tobacco products. Males and current users had higher social norm scores for all 3 forms of tobacco.
  
  
  
  To counter marketing of alternative tobacco products, education about the dangers of their use needs to be implemented across college campuses as part of a comprehensive tobacco control strategy that also includes tobacco-free campus policies.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion , College of Education, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Melody
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noland
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion , College of Education, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Melinda J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ickes
authors.affiliation: b Tobacco Policy Research Program, College of Nursing, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Mary Kay
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rayens
authors.affiliation: c College of Nursing, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: b Tobacco Policy Research Program, College of Nursing, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Amanda T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wiggins
authors.affiliation: d Tobacco Policy Research Program, College of Nursing, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.
authors.forename: Ellen J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007629:Kentucky; D008297:Male; D000067074:Peer Influence; D010465:Perception; D012919:Social Behavior; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014495:Universities / Q000458:organization & administration
keywords: College students; social influences; tobacco prevention
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