title: Mediterranean diet and metabolic syndrome prevalence in type 2 diabetes patients in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome as a cardiovascular disease predictor, is proposed to be reduced by following a Mediterranean diet. This study was aimed to explore the relationships between metabolic syndrome and Mediterranean diet in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was performed on 158 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients 28-75 years old (mean age: 54.3±9.6 yrs). Fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured. Blood pressure and anthropometric characteristics of each participant were recorded. Food frequency questionnaires were evaluated using an 11-item score to determine the adherence to Mediterranean diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally, 55.4% of participants had a good adherence to Mediterranean diet. The risk of metabolic syndrome in women was significantly higher than in men (OR=8.65, CI 95%=2.88-25.99; p<0.001). Nuts, legumes and seeds consumption were associated with a significant lower risk of metabolic syndrome (OR=0.42, CI 95%=0.188-0.917; p<0.05). No considerable association was observed between metabolic syndrome and adherence to Mediterranean diet (p=0.167).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results demonstrated no association between Mediterranean diet adherence and metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. However, nuts, legumes and seeds might have greater benefits for diabetics.
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veissi
authors.affiliation: Arvand International Division, Nutrition Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Electronic address: Raziehanari85@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Razieh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anari
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amani
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hajieh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shahbazian
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mahmoud
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Latifi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007887:Fabaceae; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009754:Nuts; D015995:Prevalence; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Dietary patterns; Mediterranean diet; Metabolic syndrome; Type 2 diabetes mellitus