title: Incidence of Co-Infections of HIV, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and Syphilis in a Large Cohort of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The HIV-epidemic among MSM in China has worsened. In this key population, prevalence of HSV-2 and syphilis infection and co-infection with HIV is high.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal study was conducted (n = 962) in Beijing, China, with three overlapping cohorts (n = 857, 757 and 760) consisting of MSM that were free from pairs of infections of concern (i.e. HIV-HSV-2, HIV-syphilis, HSV-2-syphilis) at baseline to estimate incidence of HIV, HSV-2, syphilis, and those of co-infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of HIV, HSV-2 and syphilis in the overall cohort was 3.90 (95% CI = 2.37, 5.43), 7.87 (95% CI = 5.74, 10.00) and 6.06 (95% CI = 4.18, 7.94) cases per 100 person-years (PYs), respectively. The incidence of HIV-HSV-2, HIV-Syphilis and HSV-2-Syphilis co-infections was 0.30 (95% CI = 0.29, 0.88), 1.02 (95% CI = 0.13, 2.17) and 1.41 (95% CI: 0.04, 2.78) cases per 100 PYs, respectively, in the three sub-cohorts constructed for this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of HIV, HSV-2 and syphilis was very high and those of their co-infections were relatively high. Such co-infections have negative impacts on the HIV/STI epidemics. Prevention practices need to take such co-infections into account.
authors.affiliation: Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Dongliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China.|Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Zixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yunhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Chunrong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Fengji
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Joseph T F
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000068476:Beijing / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D013587:Syphilis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology
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