title: A Longitudinal Rejection Sensitivity Model of Depression and Aggression: Unique Roles of Anxiety, Anger, Blame, Withdrawal and Retribution.
abstract: In this longitudinal study, attributional and social processes involved in symptoms of mental health problems (depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior) were identified by investigating anxious and angry rejection sensitivity (RS), causal attributions of self-blame and peer-blame, and responses to rejection threat of withdrawal and retribution. Young adolescents (N = 713, grades 5-7) completed questionnaires three times in their regular classrooms over 14 months. Participants who reported more self-blame for rejection were more likely to withdraw in response to rejection threat, and withdrawal and anxious RS were associated with increased depressive symptoms at T3 relative to T1. In contrast, adolescents higher in the angry form of RS and who reported more peer-blame for rejection were more likely to seek retribution, which in turn was associated with more overt/relational aggressive behavior at T3 relative to T1. Depressive symptom level measured at T1 also was associated with later RS and coping with withdrawal, and aggressive behavior at T1 was associated with later retribution. Sex of the participants did not moderate any longitudinal associations, and only one prospective path, from T1 depressive symptoms to T2 RS anxious, was moderated by age.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Parklands Dr., G40_7.101, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia. m.zimmer-gembeck@griffith.edu.au.
authors.forename: Melanie J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zimmer-Gembeck
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Parklands Dr., G40_7.101, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Drew
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nesdale
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Parklands Dr., G40_7.101, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Haley J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Parklands Dr., G40_7.101, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
authors.forename: Mhasa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khatibi
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Downey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012929:Psychological Distance; D012059:Rejection, Psychology; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Aggressive behavior; Coping; Peer rejection; Rejection sensitivity, depressive symptoms
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