title: The effect of increasing the dietary valine-to-lysine ratio on sow metabolism, milk production, and litter growth.
abstract: A study was conducted to investigate the effect of increasing the dietary valine-to-lysine ratio (Val:Lys) for lactating sows weaning more than 12 piglets. Five hundred fifty-eight sows (parity 1 to 4) were allotted to 6 dietary treatments from 2 d postpartum, when litters were standardized to 14 piglets. Diets were analyzed to have a total dietary Val:Lys of 0.84, 0.86, 0.88, 0.90, 0.95, or 0.99:1. On all 558 sows, BW, back fat thickness (BF), and litter weight were registered at d 108 of gestation and d 2 and 25 (weaning) postpartum. On a subsample of 72 sows, additional measurements were made: sow BW and BF were measured on d 17 and litter weight was measured on d 10 and 17, and blood and urine samples were collected weekly. The litter size at weaning was not affected by the dietary Val:Lys ( = 0.23) and, on average, the sows weaned 13.0 ± 1.1 piglets. Average daily gain of the litter (2.93 ± 0.53 kg/d; = 0.84), litter weight at weaning ( = 0.67), the average milk yield (11.3 ± 1.4 kg/d; = 0.49), and milk contents of fat ( = 0.57), protein ( = 0.18), and lactose ( = 0.20) were not affected by the dietary Val:Lys. Increasing the dietary Val:Lys increased the milk concentration of Val ( < 0.05) and Ile ( < 0.01). The change in sow BW and BF were similar for all sows from d 2 to 17, d 17 to 25, and d 2 to 25 ( > 0.05). During lactation, sows, on average, had a BW and back fat loss of 22.1 ± 12.7 kg and 2.9 ± 1.7 mm, respectively. Plasma concentrations of glucose ( = 0.26), lactate ( = 0.95), urea N ( = 0.84), NEFA ( = 0.24), and creatinine ( = 0.42); urine concentration of creatinine ( = 0.57); and concentrations of AA in whole blood ( > 0.05) were not affected by the dietary Val:Lys. In conclusion, there was no effect of increasing the total dietary Val:Lys above 0.84:1 on sow metabolism and litter performance during lactation.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Strathe
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Bruun
authors.forename: J-E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zerrahn
authors.forename: A-H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tauson
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008098:Litter Size; D008239:Lysine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014633:Valine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D014633:Valine; D008239:Lysine