title: Age at Menarche and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study Among 27,482 Women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between age at menarche and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study of 42,109 eligible pregnancies from 27,482 women in the Nurses' Health Study II.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The adjusted risk ratios for GDM across the age at menarche categories (≤11, 12, 13, and ≥14 years) were 1.34 (95% CI 1.14-1.58), 1.13 (0.97-1.31), 1.11 (0.95-1.29), and 1.00 (referent; P for trend = 0.0005), respectively. Analysis of the mediating effect indicated that 42.1% (P = 0.0007) of the association was mediated through prepregnancy BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggested that earlier menarche was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM. This association was largely mediated through prepregnancy excessive body adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC liweic@clemson.edu.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, and Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Yeyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Germaine M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Buck Louis
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Edwina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Frank B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Cuilin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008572:Menarche; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
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