title: Distribution of bovine herpesvirus type 1 in the nervous system of experimentally infected calves.
abstract: Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) is responsible for respiratory and genital disease in cattle. BoHV-1 encephalitis is only occasionally reported. However, several cases of neurological disease have been recently attributed to BoHV-1. In this study, the distribution and pathological alterations caused by two BoHV-1 strains in the nervous system of experimentally infected calves during acute infection and reactivation are described. Calves were inoculated intranasally with BoHV-1 Los Angeles (BoHV-1.LA) or Cooper (BoHV-1.Cooper) strains. Acutely infected calves were euthanased at 6 days (BoHV-1.Cooper, n = 2) and 7 days post-inoculation (BoHV-1.LA, n = 2). Latently infected calves that were given dexamethasone to induce reactivation were euthanased at 2 days (BoHV-1.Cooper, n = 2) or 5 days (BoHV-1.LA, n = 2) after dexamethasone administration. Both BoHV-1 strains were isolated from the brains of acutely infected calves. Distribution of viral DNA in the neural tissues was similar for both strains. During reactivation, neither BoHV-1.LA nor BoHV-1.Cooper was isolated from any brain section or trigeminal ganglia in infected calves. Macroscopic lesions were not evident in any group. In BoHV-1.LA infected calves, microscopic lesions were found in the brain but not in the trigeminal ganglia. Microscopic lesions in the brain of BoHV-1.Cooper infected calves were not as evident as in BoHV-1.LA infected animals. However, mononuclear infiltrates and neuronophagia were present in trigeminal ganglia. The results of this study demonstrated that respiratory BoHV-1 strains are able to replicate and disseminate within the bovine nervous tissue and provide evidence of the neuroinvasiveness of BoHV-1 strains.
authors.affiliation: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires 7620, Argentina.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires 7620, Argentina.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Leunda
authors.affiliation: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires 7620, Argentina.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Verna
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil 7000, Argentina.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Morán
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires 7620, Argentina.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Odeón
authors.affiliation: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil 7000, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil 7000, Argentina. Electronic address: seperez@vet.unicen.edu.ar.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000821:virology*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000821:virology; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000821:virology; D014775:Virus Activation
keywords: Bovine herpesvirus type 1; Encephalitis; Microscopic lesions; Neuroinvasiveness