title: Caregiving Practice Patterns of Asian, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic White American Family Caregivers of Older Adults Across Generations.
abstract: This study is a cross-sectional investigation of caregiving practice patterns among Asian, Hispanic and non-Hispanic White American family caregivers of older adults across three immigrant generations. The 2009 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) dataset was used, and 591 Asian, 989 Hispanic and 6537 non-Hispanic White American caregivers of older adults were selected. First, descriptive analyses of caregivers' characteristics, caregiving situations and practice patterns were examined by racial/ethnic groups and immigrant generations. Practice patterns measured were respite care use, hours and length of caregiving. Three hypotheses on caregiving patterns based on assimilation theory were tested and analyzed using logistic regression and generalized linear models by racial/ethnic groups and generations. Caregiving patterns of non-Hispanic White caregivers supported all three hypotheses regarding respite care use, caregiving hours and caregiving duration, showing less caregiving involvement in later generations. However, Asian and Hispanic counterparts showed mixed results. Third generation Asian and Hispanic caregivers used respite care the least and spent the most caregiving hours per week and had the longest caregiving duration compared to earlier generations. These caregiving patterns revealed underlying cultural values related to filial responsibility, even among later generations of caregivers of color. Findings suggest the importance of considering the cultural values of each racial/ethnic group regardless of generation when working with racially and ethnically diverse populations of family caregivers of older adults.
authors.affiliation: University of Houston, Graduate College of Social Work, 3511 Cullen Boulevard, Room 110HA, Houston, TX, 77204-4013, USA. cemiyawaki@uh.edu.
authors.forename: Christina E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Miyawaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002140:California; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005191:Family Characteristics / Q000208:ethnology*; D005195:Family Relations / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations / Q000208:ethnology*; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Asian Americans; Caregiving practice patterns; Family caregivers; Generations; Hispanic Americans; Non-Hispanic White Americans
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