title: Physiological state gates acquisition and expression of mesolimbic reward prediction signals.
abstract: Phasic dopamine signaling participates in associative learning by reinforcing associations between outcomes (unconditioned stimulus; US) and their predictors (conditioned stimulus; CS). However, prior work has always engendered these associations with innately rewarding stimuli. Thus, whether dopamine neurons can acquire prediction signals in the absence of appetitive experience and update them when the value of the outcome changes remains unknown. Here, we used sodium depletion to reversibly manipulate the appetitive value of a hypertonic sodium solution while measuring phasic dopamine signaling in rat nucleus accumbens. Dopamine responses to the NaCl US following sodium depletion updated independent of prior experience. In contrast, prediction signals were only acquired through extensive experience with a US that had positive affective value. Once learned, dopamine prediction signals were flexibly expressed in a state-dependent manner. Our results reveal striking differences with respect to how physiological state shapes dopamine signals evoked by outcomes and their predictors.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607;
authors.forename: Jackson J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cone
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607;
authors.forename: Samantha M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Fortin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514;
authors.forename: Jenna A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McHenry
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
authors.forename: Garret D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Stuber
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McCutcheon
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607; mroitman@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Mitchell F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Roitman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001066:Appetite; D008032:Limbic System / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012201:Reward; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary
keywords: dopamine; learning; motivation; nucleus accumbens; voltammetry
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