title: Cinnamaldehyde Characterization as an Antibacterial Agent toward E. coli Metabolic Profile Using 96-Blade Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: Sampling and sample preparation plays an important role in untargeted analysis as it influences final composition of the analyzed extract and consequently reflection of the metabolome. In the current work, mechanism of bactericidal action of cinnamaldehyde (CA) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) during bacteria growth applying high-throughput solid-phase microextraction in direct immersion mode coupled to a high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry system was investigated. Numerous discriminant metabolites due to CA addition to the bacteria culture were mapped in the E. coli metabolic pathways. We propose new metabolic pathways confirming that CA acts as an oxidative stress agent against E. coli. The results of the current research have successfully demonstrated that CA changes the bacterial metabolism through interactions with different biochemical families such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, which needs further validation by proteomics and transcriptomics studies. The results presented here show the great potential of the novel approach in drug discovery and food safety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mousavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.|Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń , Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bojko
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bessonneau
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pawliszyn
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D000171:Acrolein; C012843:cinnamaldehyde
keywords: LC−MS; SPME; antibacterial agent; metabolomics; sample preparation