title: Targeting Functional Biomarkers in Schizophrenia with Neuroimaging.
abstract: Many of the most debilitating symptoms for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia remain poorly treated. As such, the development of novel treatments is urgently needed. Unfortunately, the costs associated with high failure rates for investigational compounds as they enter clinical trials has led to pharmaceutical companies downsizing or eliminating research programs needed to develop these drugs. One way of increasing the probability of success for investigational compounds is to incorporate alternative methods of identifying biological targets in order to more effectively screen new drugs. A promising method of accomplishing this goal for psychiatric drugs is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). fMRI investigates neural circuits, shedding light on the biology that generates symptoms such as hallucinations. Once identified, relevant neural circuits can be targeted with pharmacologic interventions and the response to these drugs measured with fMRI. This review describes the early use of fMRI in this context, and discusses the alpha7 nicotinic receptor agonist 3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene) anabaseine (DMXB-A), as an example of the potential value of fMRI for psychiatric drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Anschutz Medical Campus, Bldg. 500, Mail Stop F546, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. Korey.Wylie@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Korey P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Wylie
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smucny
authors.forename: Kristina T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Legget
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Tregellas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001597:Benzylidene Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor / Q000819:agonists
chemical_list: D001597:Benzylidene Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D011725:Pyridines; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; C088936:3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)anabaseine
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