title: Association between CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study aimed to investigate the association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) rs231775 polymorphism with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotypes distribution of the control was tested by Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism was analyzed in 80 patients with HCC and 78 healthy controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and the expression level of CTLA-4 in the serum of all subjects was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by chi-squared test to determine the correlation of CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism and the risk of HCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotypes frequencies of the control group were in accordance with HWE. The frequencies of genotype AA and allele A in CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism were significantly higher in cases than the control group (AA vs. GG: OR=2.81, P=0.043; A vs. G: OR=1.63, P=0.022). Meanwhile, the expression level of CTLA-4 was remarkably higher in cases compared with the controls. The association analysis indicated that AA genotype carriers exhibited highest level of CTLA-4 (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genotype AA and allele A of CTLA-4 rs231775 polymorphism may have negative effects on HCC by modifying the expression and functions of CTLA-4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Fenglei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chuanzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jiuzheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Liyou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C583905:SLC44A4 protein, human
keywords: CTLA-4; Hepatocellular carcinoma; polymorphism
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