title: Outcome of Capsular Tension Ring (CTR) Implant in Complicated Cataracts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgery in the presence of zonular weakness or subluxated lens was a great surgical challenge and included intracapsular cataract extraction with anterior chamber IOL implantation or pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy with a sutured (IOL). Modern surgical approache involves placement of endocapsular flexible PMMA ring that prevents iatrogenic loss of zonular support, minimizing vitreous loss and enables placement of in the bag IOL.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate frequency and indications of capsular tension ring (CTR) implant and analyse the visual and anatomical outcome in various complicated cataract surgeries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective screening of database of 6000 consecutive cataract surgeries was done. BCVA, complete ocular examination with SLEx, intraocular pressure, direct ophthalmoscope, fundus examination with +78/+90D were noted. CTR was implanted in cases where Zonular dialysis of > 3 clock hours was present or capsular bag instability was detected during capsulorhexis or subsequent intraoperative maneuvers. In cases with capsulorrhexis extension, CTR was not implanted. Records were analysed for indication of CTR implant and clinical outcome on Day 1, 1 month and 6 month follow up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this series CTR implant was done in 45 cases. The indications were hypermature senile cataract in 9 cases, hypermature senile cataract with lens induced glaucoma in 9 cases, pseudoexfoliation syndrome in 9 cases, post blunt injury traumatic cataract in 6 cases, iridochoroidal coloboma in 6 cases, hypermature cataract with pseudoexfoliation and marfan syndrome in 3 cases respectively. Decision of CTR implant was intraoperative in 42 patients. At 6 month follow up, 39 patients had best corrected visual acuity ≥6/12. IOL decentration was detected in only 3 cases, but without any subjective visual complaints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As per the results CTR was used very infrequently (0.75%) but remains useful in cataract surgeries with difficult pre and intraoperative conditions. It gives good postoperative result and creates satisfied patients.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, SGT Medical College , Gurgaon, Haryana, India .
authors.forename: Garima
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Director, Department of Ophthalmology, Sahai Hospital and Research Center , Jaipur, India .
authors.forename: Anshu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sahai
authors.affiliation: Senior Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, Sahai Hospital and Research Center , Jaipur, India .
authors.forename: Pukhrambam Ratan
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Kumar
keywords: Cataract surgeries; Phacoemulsification; Zonulodialysis
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