title: Conflicting results of non-invasive methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children with celiac disease - a preliminary study.
abstract: There are no data addressing the usefulness of non-invasive tests for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in celiac disease (CD).
  
  
  
  The aim of this study was to compare two most sensitive and specific tests - urea breath test (UBT) and fecal antigen test (FAT) in HP diagnosis in CD patients.
  
  
  
  The study comprised of 76 CD patients, 49 healthy subjects (HS) and 35 patients who underwent differential diagnosis due to abdominal pain (AP patients). The presence of HP infection was evaluated using the (13)C isotope-labeled UBT and FAT (ELISA).
  
  
  
  HP infection was diagnosed based on UBT and FAT in 8 (16.3%) and 7 (14.3%) HS, and in 8 (10.5%) CD patients and 12 (34.3%) AP patients, respectively, using both tests. The prevalence of conflicting results in comparison with positive results (obtained with any of the two tests) was distinctly higher (54.5%) in CD group than in other subjects (23.3%); however, due to low HP prevalence, it did not reach the level of significance (p<0.1759).
  
  
  
  CD may increase the risk of divergent results of non-invasive tests used for the detection of HP infection in children. Since UBT is the most reliable test, we suggest its standard use as a method of choice in pediatric CD - at least until new evidence emerges supporting a different approach.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department with Children's Cardiologic Subunit, Specialist Hospital of Holy Spirit in Sandomierz, Sandomierz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Józefczuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mądry
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walkowiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Klaudia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Łochocka
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Gastroenterological and Endocrinological Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banasiewicz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pławski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The School of Medicine and Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwiecień
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walkowiak
mesh_terms: D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies