title: [Strategies of sperm collection from men with temporary penile erectile dysfunction on the day of oocyte retrieval and the outcomes of IVF-ET].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To search for the optimal strategies for sperm collection from the patient with temporary penile erectile dysfunction (ED) on the day of oocyte pick-up ( OPU) in in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 93 cases of temporary ED on the OPU day of IVF-ET from January 2011 to May 2014, with fresh semen for 45 cases (group A), cryopreserved sperm before oocyte retrieval for 30 cases (group B), and frozen oocytes for 18 cases (group C). Group A was again subdivided into A1 (n = 18) and A2 n = 27) , the former intervened with oral sildenafil while the latter left untreated. We compared the rates of fertilization, high-quality embryo, and pregnancy among different groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were found among groups A, B and C in the age of the males and females, duration of infertility, numbers of obtained and mature oocytes, and rates of cleavage, or in the percentages of normal fertilization (80.78% vs 80.43% vs 84.77%), high-quality embryo (53.27% vs 52.97% vs 47.69%) and pregnancy (60.00% vs 56.77% vs 44.44%) (all P > 0.05). The rate of 3PN was markedly lower in group C (0.63%) than in A (9. 61%) and B (4.34%) (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups A1 and A2 in the age of the males and females, duration of infertility, numbers of obtained and mature oocytes, and the rates of fertilization, cleavage, high-quality embryo, and pregnancy (all P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the OPU day of IVF-ET, oral sildenafil can help temporary ED men to achieve penile erection and ejaculation without affecting the outcomes of assisted reproduction. Cryopreserved sperm can be used in case of predicted temporary ED and frozen oocytes can also be employed if sperm retrieval fails. However, to avoid puncture injury to the epididymis or testis, fresh semen should be the first choice.
authors.forename: Hong-yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Qing-bing
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chang-jun
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D009865:Oocytes; D010413:Penis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053625:Sperm Retrieval; D013094:Spermatozoa
chemical_list: D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate