title: Exploiting the CRISPR/Cas9 System for Targeted Genome Mutagenesis in Petunia.
abstract: Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has emerged as a powerful approach for targeted genome modification in eukaryotic organisms from yeast to human cell lines. Its successful application in several plant species promises enormous potential for basic and applied plant research. However, extensive studies are still needed to assess this system in other important plant species, to broaden its fields of application and to improve methods. Here we showed that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is efficient in petunia (Petunia hybrid), an important ornamental plant and a model for comparative research. When PDS was used as target gene, transgenic shoot lines with albino phenotype accounted for 55.6%-87.5% of the total regenerated T0 Basta-resistant lines. A homozygous deletion close to 1 kb in length can be readily generated and identified in the first generation. A sequential transformation strategy--introducing Cas9 and sgRNA expression cassettes sequentially into petunia--can be used to make targeted mutations with short indels or chromosomal fragment deletions. Our results present a new plant species amenable to CRIPR/Cas9 technology and provide an alternative procedure for its exploitation.
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Chunping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Mingyang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems; D020868:Gene Silencing; D017343:Genes, Plant; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed / Q000379:methods*; D032306:Petunia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D010641:Phenotype; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017384:Sequence Deletion
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