title: Insight of Dogs' Inner Mandible Anatomy using Mathematical Models.
abstract: This study was performed in a sample of 20 dogs (n = 20) and aimed to: (1) characterize the mandible height (Mh), mandibular canal height (MCh) and distance between the inter-dental alveolar margin and the mandibular canal (dIAM-MC) dimensions, and (2) to develop mathematical models that express the insight's mandible anatomy of those important mandible structural elements allowing the prediction of their dimensions using physical parameters such as patient body weight (Wg) and the canine tooth width at the free gingival margin level-(wCGM). Lateral-view X-rays of both sides of the skull were taken for all the individuals. Three mathematical prediction models were developed to calculate Mh, MCh and dIAM-MC. Achieved proportions of the mandible considered parameters regarding its height were of 36.45% for MCh, 50.90% for dMAI-MC and 12.65% for vMC. Statistically significant differences were registered between the Wg and wCGM (P = 0.00), Mh (P = 0.00), MCh (P = 0.00) and dIAM-MC (P = 0.00). Only the Wg presented a strong correlation with the wCGM (R = 0.58), Mh (R = 0.70), dIAM-MC (R = 0.60) and MCh (R = 0.68). These models will allow a clinician to estimate the size of the mandible structures by only using data obtained during the physiological examination, with a sufficiently high prediction capacity and a very low standard error. The study points out the relationships of physiological parameters such as Wg and wCGM with mandible anatomical structural elements considered as important in oral surgery. The results of this study give the surgeon a new additional tool providing more information on the mandible anatomical structures and its relationships. This reduces the risk of iatrogenic lesions during the oral surgical procedures and improves patient safety.
authors.affiliation: Canham Veterinary Clinic, Almancil, Portugal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1300, Lisboa, Portugal. miguelcarreira@fmv.ulisboa.pt.|Centre for Interdisciplinary Research Animal Health (CIISA) - FMV/ULisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. miguelcarreira@fmv.ulisboa.pt.|Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre (CMVAA), Rua Dª Francisca da Azambuja, N°9 - 9A, 2830-077, Barreiro, Portugal. miguelcarreira@fmv.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: L M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6784-2806
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Carreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011859:Radiography / Q000662:veterinary*; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013515:Surgery, Oral