title: The effect of rate of weight loss on long-term weight regain in adults with overweight and obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of rate of weight loss, with similar total weight loss, on weight regain in individuals with overweight and obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven participants (BMI: 28-35 kg/m(2) ) underwent a dietary intervention (DI). They were randomized to a low-calorie diet (LCD; 1250 kcal/day) for 12 weeks (slow weight loss) or a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD; 500 kcal/day) for 5 weeks (rapid weight loss) (weight loss (WL) period) followed by a 4-week weight-stable (WS) period and 9 months follow-up. Body weight and body composition (BodPod) were determined at study start and after each period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight change was similar in both groups after WL (LCD: -8.2 kg and VLCD: -9.0 kg, P = 0.24). Weight regain after follow-up was not significantly different between groups (LCD: 4.2 kg and VLCD: 4.5 kg, P = 0.73). Percentage fat-free mass loss (%FFML) was higher in the VLCD-group compared to the LCD-group after DI (8.8% and 1.3%, respectively, P = 0.034) and was associated with weight regain during follow-up in the whole group (r = 0.325, P = 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that, with similar total weight loss, rate of weight loss did not affect weight regain. However, %FFML after DI was associated with weight regain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roel G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Vink
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nadia J T
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Roumans
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Laura A J
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Arkenbosch
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Edwin C M
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Mariman
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marleen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: van Baak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain; D015431:Weight Loss