title: Occurrence and prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants using meconium in Korea: Feasibility of meconium as a non-invasive human matrix.
abstract: Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is of great concern due to the vulnerability of fetus. Nineteen Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 18 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) including DDTs, HCHs, chlordanes, and hexachlorobenzene, and 22 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in meconium samples from 72 newborn infants using high resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The median concentrations (on wet weight basis) of PCBs, OCPs, and PBDEs were 26.8pg/g, 66.7pg/g, and 2.32pg/g, respectively. Highly significant correlations were observed among the compounds of PCBs and OCPs, suggesting their similar sources and kinetic behaviors. BDE 47 had significant correlations with PCBs and OCPs, whereas BDE 209 was not correlated with any of the contaminants due to different exposure sources. The concentrations of p,p'-DDE, β-HCH, and trans-nonaCHL between paired maternal blood-meconium and cord blood-meconium showed significant correlations, while PCBs and PBDEs were not significantly correlated in the paired samples. Maternal age and gestational age were demographic parameters affecting POP levels in meconium. Multiple regression analysis showed that the levels of several OCPs in cord and maternal serum were contributing factors governing the levels of these contaminants in meconium. Our results indicate that meconium can be utilized as a human matrix for prenatal exposure to several OCPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yunsun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunggyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunmi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Deuk
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeongim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hai-Joong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Jae
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gyuyeon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of korea.
authors.forename: Sooran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungjoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Don
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Geumjoon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eunsook
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of korea.
authors.forename: Sung Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Eun
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eom
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seunghyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gun-Ha
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sungkyoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hbmoon@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyo-Bang
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D008470:Meconium / Q000737:chemistry*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
keywords: Cord; Fetus; Maternal; Meconium; PBDE