title: Isolation and Characterization of Spore-Forming Bacilli (SFB) from Shepherd's Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris).
abstract: Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), native to Europe, is commonly consumed fresh and sometimes inadequately washed before consumption in Korea. The objective of this study was to characterize isolates of spore-forming bacilli (SFB) in samples of fresh Shepherd's purse. Three genera were identified: Bacillus (9 species), Paenibacillus (3 species), and Brevibacillus (1 species). None of the genes of the hemolysin BL (HBL) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE) complexes, or of the emetic toxin, was detected in the 25 SFB isolates, except for 2 Bacillus pseudomycoides isolates, where all 3 genes of the HBL enterotoxin complex were detected. There were significant sequence variations between the 2 species (Bacillus cereus and B. pseudomycoides) in the 3 genes of the HBL enterotoxin complex. These findings may provide insights into the diverse characteristics of the B. pseudomycoides HBL enterotoxin complex. Antibiotic resistance was assessed using 8 antibiotics. Among the 25 SFB isolates, 11 showed resistance to antibiotics, of which 5 were multiresistant. Assessment of the spoilage potential showed that all 25 SFB isolates could produce enzymes that can cause spoilage of foods. In conclusion, our findings may serve as integrative information for food research and industrial sectors.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang Univ, Ansung, Kyungki-do, 456-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang Univ, Ansung, Kyungki-do, 456-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang Univ, Ansung, Kyungki-do, 456-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Sung
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D029687:Capsella / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D005060:Europe; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013045:Species Specificity; D013171:Spores, Bacterial; D014675:Vegetables / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004768:Enterotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins
keywords: Bacillus pseudomycoides; SFB; enterotoxin; shepherd's purse; spore-forming bacillus