title: Precursor and mature NGF live tracking: one versus many at a time in the axons.
abstract: The classical view of nerve growth factor (NGF) action in the nervous system is linked to its retrograde axonal transport. However, almost nothing is known on the trafficking properties of its unprocessed precursor proNGF, characterized by different and generally opposite biological functions with respect to its mature counterpart. Here we developed a strategy to fluorolabel both purified precursor and mature neurotrophins (NTs) with a controlled stoichiometry and insertion site. Using a single particle tracking approach, we characterized the axonal transport of proNGF versus mature NGF in living dorsal root ganglion neurons grown in compartmentalized microfluidic devices. We demonstrate that proNGF is retrogradely transported as NGF, but with a lower flux and a different distribution of numbers of neurotrophins per vesicle. Moreover, exploiting a dual-color labelling technique, we analysed the transport of both NT forms when simultaneously administered to the axon tips.
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: De Nadai
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.|NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.affiliation: NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.|Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12-56127 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Rienzo
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariantonietta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calvello
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12-56127 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Signore
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Matteo
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gobbo
authors.affiliation: EBRI, European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turturro
authors.affiliation: NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.|Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12-56127 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meucci
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viegi
authors.affiliation: NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.|Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12-56127 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beltram
authors.affiliation: NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luin
authors.affiliation: BioSNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto di Neuroscienze - CNR, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cattaneo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001370:Axonal Transport; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011498:Protein Precursors; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor
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