title: Differential diagnosis between primary lung squamous cell carcinoma and pulmonary metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Differentiation between lung squamous cell carcinoma and pulmonary metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is clinically important because the prognoses and therapeutic options are considerably different. However, the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical diagnostic methods have not yet been fully established. Although various molecular methods have been developed, they have not yet been practically applied. A combined approach involving molecular and immunohistochemical analysis, such as one that uses antibodies selected on the basis of comprehensive genetic analysis results, may be effective. We suggest a new diagnostic criteria using the clinical characteristics and the result of immunohistochemical analysis. However, there are two underlying problems in the development of new diagnostic methods: tumor heterogeneity and determination of the diagnostic accuracy.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Thoracic Surgery , the University of Tokyo Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathology , the University of Tokyo Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shinozaki-Ushiku
authors.affiliation: c Department of Clinical Laboratory , the University of Tokyo Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Daiya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathology , the University of Tokyo Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukayama
authors.affiliation: a Department of Thoracic Surgery , the University of Tokyo Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakajima
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary*; D057089:Pathology, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
keywords: Diagnosis; head and neck cancer; immunohistochemistry; lung cancer; metastasis; molecular analysis; pathology; squamous cell carcinoma; surgery