title: Characterization of VCC-1, a Novel Ambler Class A Carbapenemase from Vibrio cholerae Isolated from Imported Retail Shrimp Sold in Canada.
abstract: One of the core goals of the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) is to monitor major meat commodities for antimicrobial resistance. Targeted studies with methodologies based on core surveillance protocols are used to examine other foods, e.g., seafood, for antimicrobial resistance to detect resistances of concern to public health. Here we report the discovery of a novel Ambler class A carbapenemase that was identified in a nontoxigenic strain of Vibrio cholerae (N14-02106) isolated from shrimp that was sold for human consumption in Canada. V. cholerae N14-02106 was resistant to penicillins, carbapenems, and monobactam antibiotics; however, PCR did not detect common β-lactamases. Bioinformatic analysis of the whole-genome sequence of V. cholerae N14-02106 revealed on the large chromosome a novel carbapenemase (referred to here as VCC-1, for Vibrio cholerae carbapenemase 1) with sequence similarity to class A enzymes. Two copies of blaVCC-1 separated and flanked by ISVch9 (i.e., 3 copies of ISVch9) were found in an acquired 8.5-kb region inserted into a VrgG family protein gene. Cloned blaVCC-1 conferred a β-lactam resistance profile similar to that in V. cholerae N14-02106 when it was transformed into a susceptible laboratory strain of Escherichia coli. Purified VCC-1 was found to hydrolyze penicillins, 1st-generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, and carbapenems, whereas 2nd- and 3rd-generation cephalosporins were poor substrates. Using nitrocefin as a reporter substrate, VCC-1 was moderately inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam but not EDTA. In this report, we present the discovery of a novel class A carbapenemase from the food supply.
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Chand S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Mangat
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.affiliation: Centre for Food-Borne, Environmental, and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Guelph, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Janecko
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah-Lynn
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Martz
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Desruisseau
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.affiliation: Centre for Food-Borne, Environmental, and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Guelph, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Reid-Smith
authors.affiliation: National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Michael.Mulvey@phac-aspc.gc.ca.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mulvey
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001398:Aztreonam / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002170:Canada; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000378:metabolism; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000378:metabolism; D019818:Clavulanic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016680:Genome, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000382:microbiology*; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D010406:Penicillins / Q000378:metabolism; D017747:Seafood / Q000382:microbiology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D000078142:Tazobactam; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015780:Carbapenems; D002511:Cephalosporins; D010406:Penicillins; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase; D001398:Aztreonam; D000078142:Tazobactam
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