title: Novel diagnostic techniques for celiac disease.
abstract: The diagnosis of celiac disease has long been based on the demonstration of gluten-induced small-bowel mucosal damage. However, due to the constantly increasing disease prevalence and limitations in the histology-based criteria there is a pressure towards more serology-based diagnostics. The serological tools are being improved and new non-invasive methods are being developed, but the constantly refined endoscopic and histologic techniques may still prove helpful. Moreover, growing understanding of the disease pathogenesis has led researchers to suggest completely novel approaches to celiac disease diagnostics regardless of disease activity. In this review, we will elucidate the most recent development and possible future innovations in the diagnostic techniques for celiac disease.
authors.affiliation: a Tampere Centre for Child Health Research , University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland.
authors.forename: Kalle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurppa
authors.affiliation: a Tampere Centre for Child Health Research , University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland.
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taavela
authors.affiliation: b Molecular Genetics of Immunological Diseases Group , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saavalainen
authors.affiliation: c Department of Internal Medicine , Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland.|d School of Medicine , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland.
authors.forename: Katri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaukinen
authors.affiliation: a Tampere Centre for Child Health Research , University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland.
authors.forename: Katri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lindfors
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D010641:Phenotype; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012698:Serologic Tests; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: Antibodies; Biopsy; Celiac disease; Diagnostics; Genetics; Novel techniques