title: Problematic secondary health conditions among adults with spinal cord injury and its impact on social participation and daily life.
abstract: This exploratory study describes the problematic secondary health conditions among adults with a spinal cord injury (SCI) and the impact these health concerns have on social participation and daily life.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectional survey design.
  
  
  
  A community-based rehabilitation program within the United States.
  
  
  
  Fifty-six adults (33 males and 23 females; age 18 to 73 [M = 39.4, SD = 12.7]) with SCI participating in the community-based rehabilitation program.
  
  
  
  Subjects identified the top five problematic secondary health conditions related to his/her SCI, belief about the impact these conditions have on social participation and daily life, and if they believed the secondary health condition(s) were avoidable.
  
  
  
  The top problematic areas identified were bladder control, pain, bowel control, and pressure ulcers, and 73% felt these problems were unavoidable. In addition, more than 66% had each of these problems continuously during the last 12 months. When examining the impact of the problematic secondary health conditions, 75% identified that the primary problem had a significant impact on social participation and 64% identified it significantly impacted daily life.
  
  
  
  Although the majority of the participants were actively participating in a community-based rehabilitation wellness program, it appears that they thought engagement in social participation and daily life were negatively impacted by the secondary health conditions and unavoidable. The results suggested unfulfilled goals despite the emphasized efforts of medical providers to help manage the secondary conditions. Future research should examine why individuals with SCI still have a difficult time managing secondary health conditions.
authors.affiliation: a Indiana University , School of Public Health , Bloomington , IN , USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Piatt
authors.affiliation: a Indiana University , School of Public Health , Bloomington , IN , USA.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: b Oklahoma State University , School of Applied Health and Educational Psychology , Stillwater , OK , USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zahl
authors.affiliation: c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , Indiana University, School of Public Health , Bloomington , IN , USA.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: d Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation , University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , UT , USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rosenbluth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D058992:Social Participation; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Activities of daily life; Social participation; Spinal cord injury
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