title: Corticotropin releasing factor excites neurons of posterior hypothalamic nucleus to produce tachycardia in rats.
abstract: Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), a peptide hormone involved in the stress response, holds a key position in cardiovascular regulation. Here, we report that the central effect of CRF on cardiovascular activities is mediated by the posterior hypothalamic nucleus (PH), an important structure responsible for stress-induced cardiovascular changes. Our present results demonstrate that CRF directly excites PH neurons via two CRF receptors, CRFR1 and CRFR2, and consequently increases heart rate (HR) rather than the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Bilateral vagotomy does not influence the tachycardia response to microinjection of CRF into the PH, while β adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol almost totally abolishes the tachycardia. Furthermore, microinjecting CRF into the PH primarily increases neuronal activity of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVMM), but does not influence that of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMNV). These findings suggest that the PH is a critical target for central CRF system in regulation of cardiac activity and the PH-RVLM/RVMM-cardiac sympathetic nerve pathways, rather than PH-DMNV-vagus pathway, may contribute to the CRF-induced tachycardia.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: He-Ren
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Qian-Xing
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Zhao
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Zhang-Peng
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Ning
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006339:Heart Rate; D007034:Hypothalamus, Posterior / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008845:Microinjections; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014628:Vagotomy
chemical_list: D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
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