title: Alterations of the cytoskeleton in human cells in space proved by life-cell imaging.
abstract: Microgravity induces changes in the cytoskeleton. This might have an impact on cells and organs of humans in space. Unfortunately, studies of cytoskeletal changes in microgravity reported so far are obligatorily based on the analysis of fixed cells exposed to microgravity during a parabolic flight campaign (PFC). This study focuses on the development of a compact fluorescence microscope (FLUMIAS) for fast live-cell imaging under real microgravity. It demonstrates the application of the instrument for on-board analysis of cytoskeletal changes in FTC-133 cancer cells expressing the Lifeact-GFP marker protein for the visualization of F-actin during the 24(th) DLR PFC and TEXUS 52 rocket mission. Although vibration is an inevitable part of parabolic flight maneuvers, we successfully for the first time report life-cell cytoskeleton imaging during microgravity, and gene expression analysis after the 31(st) parabola showing a clear up-regulation of cytoskeletal genes. Notably, during the rocket flight the FLUMIAS microscope reveals significant alterations of the cytoskeleton related to microgravity. Our findings clearly demonstrate the applicability of the FLUMIAS microscope for life-cell imaging during microgravity, rendering it an important technological advance in live-cell imaging when dissecting protein localization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Corydon
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehland
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Raumfahrtmanagement Bonn-Oberkassel, Bonn, 53227 Germany.|Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Gravitational Biology Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115 Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.affiliation: Airbus Defense and Space, Airbus DS GmbH, 28199 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schütte
authors.affiliation: FEI Munich GmbH, 82166 Gräfeling, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.affiliation: Airbus Defense and Space, Airbus DS GmbH, 28199 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hülsing
authors.affiliation: Airbus Defense and Space, Airbus DS GmbH, 28199 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Hergen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oltmann
authors.affiliation: Airbus Defense and Space, Airbus DS GmbH, 28199 Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.affiliation: DLR German Aerospace Center, Department of Gravitational Biology, 51147, Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hemmersbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grimm
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D013026:Space Flight; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D000199:Actins
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