title: Airborne and Grain Dust Fungal Community Compositions Are Shaped Regionally by Plant Genotypes and Farming Practices.
abstract: Chronic exposure to airborne fungi has been associated with different respiratory symptoms and pathologies in occupational populations, such as grain workers. However, the homogeneity in the fungal species composition of these bioaerosols on a large geographical scale and the different drivers that shape these fungal communities remain unclear. In this study, the diversity of fungi in grain dust and in the aerosols released during harvesting was determined across 96 sites at a geographical scale of 560 km(2) along an elevation gradient of 500 m by tag-encoded 454 pyrosequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Associations between the structure of fungal communities in the grain dust and different abiotic (farming system, soil characteristics, and geographic and climatic parameters) and biotic (wheat cultivar and previous crop culture) factors were explored. These analyses revealed a strong relationship between the airborne and grain dust fungal communities and showed the presence of allergenic and mycotoxigenic species in most samples, which highlights the potential contribution of these fungal species to work-related respiratory symptoms of grain workers. The farming system was the major driver of the alpha and beta phylogenetic diversity values of fungal communities. In addition, elevation and soil CaCO3 concentrations shaped the alpha diversity, whereas wheat cultivar, cropping history, and the number of freezing days per year shaped the taxonomic beta diversity of these communities.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Ecology and Evolution, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Loïc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pellissier
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Hygiene, Institute for Work and Health, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oppliger
authors.affiliation: Computer Science Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alexandre H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hirzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Hygiene, Institute for Work and Health, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dessislava
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Savova-Bianchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Hygiene, Institute for Work and Health, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Guilain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mbayo
authors.affiliation: Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil, Nyon, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mascher
authors.affiliation: Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil, Nyon, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kellenberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Hygiene, Institute for Work and Health, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland Helene.Hirzel@hospvd.ch.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1467-8819
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niculita-Hirzel
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis; D000391:Air Microbiology; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D044822:Biodiversity; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000382:microbiology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010802:Phylogeny; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust; D012987:Soil
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 2014 Sep;23(17):4274-90
references.pmid: 25041483
references.citation: Eur Respir J. 2006 Mar;27(3):615-26
references.pmid: 16507864
references.citation: Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992 Feb;145(2 Pt 1):476-87
references.pmid: 1736761
references.citation: Mol Plant Pathol. 2013 May;14(4):323-41
references.pmid: 23279114
references.citation: Int J Biometeorol. 2014 Jul;58(5):987-97
references.pmid: 23722926
references.citation: Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2015;32(6):874-910
references.pmid: 25705931
references.citation: J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015;78(13-14):871-85
references.pmid: 26167753
references.citation: Ecol Lett. 2013 May;16(5):600-8
references.pmid: 23448096
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 7;109(32):13022-7
references.pmid: 22837398
references.citation: Fungal Biol. 2010 Nov-Dec;114(11-12):991-8
references.pmid: 21036343
references.citation: Mycol Res. 2007 May;111(Pt 5):509-47
references.pmid: 17572334
references.citation: Nat Methods. 2010 Sep;7(9):668-9
references.pmid: 20805793
references.citation: New Phytol. 2014 Jan;201(2):623-35
references.pmid: 24111803
references.citation: Ecol Lett. 2009 Jul;12(7):693-715
references.pmid: 19473217
references.citation: Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:969750
references.pmid: 23841101
references.citation: Trends Ecol Evol. 2004 Feb;19(2):101-8
references.pmid: 16701236
references.citation: Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2012;29(7):1129-40
references.pmid: 22494553
references.citation: Methods Mol Biol. 2012;858:409-19
references.pmid: 22684968
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Sep;81(18):6367-79
references.pmid: 26150467
references.citation: Can Respir J. 2003 Apr;10(3):135-41
references.pmid: 12712221
references.citation: Nat Methods. 2010 May;7(5):335-6
references.pmid: 20383131
references.citation: New Phytol. 2015 Sep;207(4):1134-44
references.pmid: 25898906
references.citation: Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2012 Aug;85(6):623-30
references.pmid: 21986906
references.citation: PLoS One. 2014;9(11):e111786
references.pmid: 25369054
references.citation: Mycotoxin Res. 2011 May;27(2):81-96
references.pmid: 23605700
references.citation: New Phytol. 2015 Feb;205(3):1142-52
references.pmid: 25382661
references.citation: New Phytol. 2012 Oct;196(2):510-9
references.pmid: 22934891
references.citation: J Appl Ecol. 2007 Oct;44(5):1057-1067
references.pmid: 18642470
references.citation: Ups J Med Sci. 2011 Mar;116(1):60-71
references.pmid: 20812893
references.citation: Ecology. 2008 Mar;89(3):782-94
references.pmid: 18459341
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2010 Jun 1;26(11):1463-4
references.pmid: 20395285
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2010 Oct 1;26(19):2460-1
references.pmid: 20709691
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2014 Dec;90(3):543-50
references.pmid: 25314312
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 1993 Apr;2(2):113-8
references.pmid: 8180733
references.citation: Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2010 May;7(3):229-36
references.pmid: 20463253
references.citation: Crit Rev Toxicol. 2009;39(10):799-864
references.pmid: 19863384
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2013 May 15;29(10):1268-74
references.pmid: 23539304