title: Association between anthropometry, cardiometabolic risk factors, & early life factors & adult measures of endothelial function: Results from the New Delhi Birth Cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Abnormal endothelial function represents a preclinical marker of atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to evaluate associations between anthropometry, cardiometabolic risk factors, and early life factors and adult measures of endothelial function in a young urban Indian cohort free of clinical cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Absolute changes in brachial artery diameter following cuff inflation and sublingual nitroglycerin (400 µg) were recorded to evaluate endothelium-dependent and -independent measures of endothelial function in 600 participants (362 men; 238 women) from the New Delhi Birth Cohort (2006-2009). Data on anthropometry, cardiometabolic risk factors, medical history, socio-economic position, and lifestyle habits were collected. Height and weight were recorded at birth, two and 11 yr of age. Age- and sex-adjusted linear regression models were developed to evaluate these associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of participants was 36±1 yr. Twenty two per cent men and 29 per cent women were obese (BMI th > 30 kg/m [2] ). Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 131±14 and 119±13 mmHg, and diabetes prevalence was 12 and 8 per cent for men and women, respectively. Brachial artery diameter was higher for men compared with women both before (3.48±0.37 and 2.95±0.35 cm) and after hyperaemia (3.87±0.37 vs. 3.37±0.35 cm). A similar difference was seen before and after nitroglycerin. Markers of increased adiposity, smoking, SBP, and metabolic syndrome, but not early life anthropometry, were inversely associated with endothelial function after adjustment for age and sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The analysis of the current prospective data from a young urban Indian cohort showed that cardiometabolic risk factors, but not early life anthropometry, were associated with worse endothelial function.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; USA, USA.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Huffman
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: Clive
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osmond
authors.forename: Caroline H D
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: Ramakrishnan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lakshmy
authors.forename: Siddharth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramji
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gera
authors.forename: Poornima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prabhakaran
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Dey Biswas
authors.forename: K Srinath
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Santosh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: Harshpal S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sachdev
authors.forename: Dorairaj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prabhakaran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
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