title: Morphine Attenuated the Cytotoxicity Induced by Arsenic Trioxide in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes.
abstract: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an efficient drug for the treatment of the patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Inhibition of proliferation as well as apoptosis, attenuation of migration, and induction of differentiation in tumor cells are the main mechanisms through which ATO acts against APL. Despite advantages of ATO in treatment of some malignancies, certain harmful side effects, such as cardiotoxicity, have been reported. It has been well documented that morphine has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and cytoprotective properties and is able to attenuate cytotoxicity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of morphine against ATO toxicity in H9c2 myocytes using multi-parametric assay including thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, caspase 3 activity, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation assay, and expression of apoptotic markers. Our results showed that morphine (1 μM) attenuated cytotoxicity induced by ATO in H9c2 cells. Results of this study suggest that morphine may have protective properties in management of cardiac toxicity in patients who receive ATO as an anti-cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amini-Khoei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mir-Jamal
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Queensland, Center for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Momeny
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahimi-Balaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haj-Mirzaian
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khedri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jahanabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadi-Asl
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram Ejtemaie
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Mehr
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. dehpour@yahoo.com.|Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. dehpour@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ahmad Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dehpour
mesh_terms: D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals; D002460:Cell Line; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D003603:Cytotoxins; D010087:Oxides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009020:Morphine; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide
keywords: Arsenic trioxide; Cardiomyocyte; Cytotoxicity; H9c2; Morphine