title: The Relationship Between Dietary Intakes of Amino Acids and Bone Mineral Density Among Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of dietary protein intake on bone mineral density (BMD) has not been explained in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we looked at the relationship between BMD and higher protein intake in patients with SCI while controlling for possible confounders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with SCI, who were referred to the Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center between November 2010 and April 2012, were included in the study. In total, the dietary intakes of 103 patients were assessed by 24-hour dietary recall interviews. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure BMD in the femoral neck, trochanter, intertrochanteric zone, hip, and lumbar vertebras.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six men and 17 women participated in this study. Protein intake was negatively associated with the BMD of lumbar vertebrae (p = 0.001, r = -0.37 for T-score and p = 0.030, r = -0.24 for Z-score). The BMD of lumbar vertebrae were negatively associated with intake of tryptophan, isoleucine, lysine, cysteine, and tyrosine (p = 0.007, 0.005, 0.009, 0.008, and 0.008 for T-score, respectively). Higher intakes of threonine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, and histidine were related to a lower BMD of lumbar vertebrae (p = 0.006, 0.010, 0.009, 0.010, 0.009, and 0.008 respectively for T-scores).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that high protein intake led to a lower BMD of lumbar vertebrae in patients with SCI after controlling for confounders including demographic and injury-related characteristics and calcium intake. No relationship between higher amino acids intake and BMD of the femur and hip was detected. Intake of alanine, arginine, and aspartic acid were not related to BMD.
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hadis
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sabour
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nazari
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Latifi
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Soltani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hania
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shakeri
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Bagher
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larijani
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed-Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ghodsi
authors.affiliation: Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed-Hassan Emami
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Razavi
keywords: Amino Acids; Bone Density; Diet; Protein; Spinal Cord Injuries
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