title: Neighbourhood Deprivation and Outcomes of Stop Smoking Support--An Observational Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rates of smoking and smoking cessation vary with socio-economic status. The objectives were to assess the association between neighbourhood deprivation, completion of treatment to support quit attempts and success of quit attempts-while taking into account other predictors of outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  555,744 quit attempts supported by English Stop Smoking Services in 2009-2012 were linked to the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2010 ranks for the clients' neighbourhood and split into deciles relative to the national IMD. Logistic regressions tested the association between neighbourhood deprivation and completion (4-week follow-up) of treatment and biochemically validated success (expired-air carbon monoxide <10 ppm) while adjusting for demographics and intervention characteristics. Sensitivity analyses assessed subsamples: first supported attempts (n = 364,397), those with recorded cigarette dependence (n = 98,659) and completed treatment (n = 416,436).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher neighbourhood deprivation was associated with reduced completion (OR(adj) = 0.949, 95% CI: 0.947 to 0.951) and success (OR(adj) = 0.957, 95% CI: 0.955 to 0.959). Results of sensitivity analyses were consistent with those of the main analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neighbourhood deprivation was associated with small but consistent reductions in completion and success of evidence-based interventions. These associations were not explained by intervention characteristics, demographics or dependence and reduced completion did not fully account for reduced success.
authors.affiliation: National Addiction Centre & UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Leonie S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Brose
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training & Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McEwen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011203:Poverty / Q000191:economics; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000145:classification*; D012907:Smoking / Q000191:economics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012923:Social Class; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; D000068580:Varenicline / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D016642:Bupropion; D000068580:Varenicline
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