title: Oxidative Stress and Carbonyl Lesions in Ulcerative Colitis and Associated Colorectal Cancer.
abstract: Oxidative stress has long been known as a pathogenic factor of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), but the effects of secondary carbonyl lesions receive less emphasis. In inflammatory conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion free radical (O2 (∙-)), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO(∙)), are produced at high levels and accumulated to cause oxidative stress (OS). In oxidative status, accumulated ROS can cause protein dysfunction and DNA damage, leading to gene mutations and cell death. Accumulated ROS could also act as chemical messengers to activate signaling pathways, such as NF-κB and p38 MAPK, to affect cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. More importantly, electrophilic carbonyl compounds produced by lipid peroxidation may function as secondary pathogenic factors, causing further protein and membrane lesions. This may in turn exaggerate oxidative stress, forming a vicious cycle. Electrophilic carbonyls could also cause DNA mutations and breaks, driving malignant progression of UC. The secondary lesions caused by carbonyl compounds may be exceptionally important in the case of host carbonyl defensive system deficit, such as aldo-keto reductase 1B10 deficiency. This review article updates the current understanding of oxidative stress and carbonyl lesions in the development and progression of UC and CAC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), and Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province for Cytobiology and Molecular Biotechnology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), and Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province for Cytobiology and Molecular Biotechnology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), and Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province for Cytobiology and Molecular Biotechnology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
authors.forename: Xuefei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), and Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province for Cytobiology and Molecular Biotechnology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), and Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province for Cytobiology and Molecular Biotechnology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
authors.forename: Duan-Fang
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), and Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities in Hunan Province for Cytobiology and Molecular Biotechnology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 913 N. Rutledge Street, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
authors.forename: Deliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation
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