title: Genomic and epigenomic heterogeneity in molecular subtypes of gastric cancer.
abstract: Gastric cancer is a complex disease that is affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors. For the precise diagnosis and effective treatment of gastric cancer, the heterogeneity of the disease must be simplified; one way to achieve this is by dividing the disease into subgroups. Toward this effort, recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technology have revealed four molecular subtypes of gastric cancer, which are classified as Epstein-Barr virus-positive, microsatellite instability, genomically stable, and chromosomal instability subtypes. We anticipate that this molecular subtyping will help to extend our knowledge for basic research purposes and will be valuable for clinical use. Here, we review the genomic and epigenomic heterogeneity of the four molecular subtypes of gastric cancer. We also describe a mutational meta-analysis and a reanalysis of DNA methylation that were performed using previously reported gastric cancer datasets.
authors.affiliation: Byungho Lim, Jong-Hwan Kim, Seon-Young Kim, Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byungho
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Byungho Lim, Jong-Hwan Kim, Seon-Young Kim, Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Byungho Lim, Jong-Hwan Kim, Seon-Young Kim, Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea.
authors.forename: Mirang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Byungho Lim, Jong-Hwan Kim, Seon-Young Kim, Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seon-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D043171:Chromosomal Instability; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D057890:Epigenomics / Q000379:methods*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: DNA methylation; Gastric cancer; Molecular subtype; Mutation; Next-generation sequencing
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