title: Different patterns of cortical gray matter loss over time in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: We examined patterns of cortical thickness loss and cognitive decline over time in 19 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 10 with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and 34 controls with a mean interval of 2.1 ± 0.4 years. We measured vertexwise and regional cortical thickness changes of 6 lobar regions of interest between groups with the longitudinal FreeSurfer pipeline. Compared with controls, AD and bvFTD had a steeper rate of cognitive decline and showed faster cortical thinning per year. Decrease of thickness over time was highest in AD and generalized throughout the whole brain, most pronounced posteriorly, whereas bvFTD patients had a more selective loss in frontal cortex and in anterior parts of the temporal lobes. In a direct comparison, AD patients showed faster cortical thinning in the insula, temporal, and parietal regions, whereas bvFTD patients only showed faster cortical thinning in the orbitofrontal gyrus. Decline of cognitive performances was in line with cortical thinning and deteriorated the most in AD patients.
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hafkemeijer
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Yolande A L
authors.initials: YAL
authors.lastname: Pijnenburg
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Serge A R B
authors.initials: SARB
authors.lastname: Rombouts
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Grond
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elise
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dopper
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Swieten
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Adriaan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Versteeg
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martijn D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Steenwijk
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Physics and Medical Technology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vrenken
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: wm.vdflier@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Wiesje M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Flier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001519:Behavior; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D057180:Frontotemporal Dementia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia; Cognition; Gray matter thickness; Longitudinal