title: Impact of Proteins on Aggregation Kinetics and Adsorption Ability of Hematite Nanoparticles in Aqueous Dispersions.
abstract: The initial aggregation kinetics of hematite nanoparticles (NPs) that were conjugated with two model globular proteins-cytochrome c from bovine heart (Cyt) and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-were investigated over a range of monovalent (NaCl) and divalent (CaCl2) electrolyte concentrations at pH 5.7 and 9. The aggregation behavior of Cyt-NP conjugates was similar to that of bare hematite NPs, but the additional electrosteric repulsion increased the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) values from 69 mM to 113 mM in NaCl at pH 5.7. An unsaturated layer of BSA, a protein larger than Cyt, on hematite NPs resulted in fast aggregation at low salt concentrations and pH 5.7, due to the strong attractive patch-charge interaction. However, the BSA-NP conjugates could be stabilized simply by elevating salt concentrations, owing to the screening of the attractive patch-charge force and the increasing contribution from steric force. This study showed that the aggregation state of protein-conjugated NPs is proved to be completely switchable via ionic strength, pH, protein size, and protein coverage. Macroscopic Cu(II) sorption experiments further established that reducing aggregation of hematite NPs via tailoring ionic strength and protein conjugation could promote the metal uptake by hematite NPs under harsh conditions.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China , 100871.
authors.forename: Anxu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China , 100871.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China , 100871.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, China , 100871.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000737:chemistry; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D011506:Proteins; D014867:Water; C000499:ferric oxide; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D045304:Cytochromes c