title: Partial Replacement of Ground Corn with Glycerol in Beef Cattle Diets: Intake, Digestibility, Performance, and Carcass Characteristics.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing dry ground corn with crude glycerol on intake, apparent digestibility, performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef bulls. A completely randomized block design experiment with 25 d for adaptation and 100 d for data collection was conducted, in which 3,640 Nellore bulls (367 ± 36.8 kg; 18 ± 3 mo) were blocked by body weight and assigned to 20 pens. Bulls were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 0, 5, 10, and 15% (dry matter basis) of crude glycerol in the diet. Initially, 20 bulls were slaughtered to serve as a reference to estimate initial empty body weight, which allowed for carcass gain calculation. Bulls were weighed at the beginning, at two-thirds, and at the end of the experiment for performance calculations. Carcass measurements were obtained by ultrasound. Fecal output was estimated using indigestible neutral detergent fiber as an internal marker. Data were analyzed using the mixed procedures in SAS 9.2 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Intake of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with crude glycerol inclusion. However, crude glycerol levels did not affect (P > 0.05) intakes of crude protein, non-fiber carbohydrates, and total digestible nutrients. Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total digestible nutrients increased quadratically (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of crude glycerol in the diet. Crude glycerol inclusion did not change the intake of digestible dry matter, average daily gain, final body weight, carcass gain, carcass dressing, gain-to-feed ratio, Longissimus thoracis muscle area, and back and rump fat thicknesses (P > 0.05). These results suggest that crude glycerol may be included in finishing beef diets at levels up to 15% without impairing performance and carcass characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Bianco Benedeti
authors.affiliation: Cargill Animal Nutrition / Nutron, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Veiga Rodrigues
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Paulino
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Inácio
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Marcondes
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivan França Smith
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus Custódio
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, United States of America.
authors.forename: Antonio Pinheiro
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Faciola
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005990:Glycerol
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