title: Fatty acids and small organic compounds bind to mineralo-organic nanoparticles derived from human body fluids as revealed by metabolomic analysis.
abstract: Nanoparticles entering the human body instantly become coated with a "protein corona" that influences the effects and distribution of the particles in vivo. Yet, whether nanoparticles may bind to other organic compounds remains unclear. Here we use an untargeted metabolomic approach based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify the organic compounds that bind to mineral nanoparticles formed in human body fluids (serum, plasma, saliva, and urine). A wide range of organic compounds is identified, including fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, amino acids, sugars, and amides. Our results reveal that, in addition to the proteins identified previously, nanoparticles harbor an "organic corona" containing several fatty acids which may affect particle-cell interactions in vivo. This study provides a platform to study the organic corona of biological and synthetic nanoparticles found in the human body.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. dingeyoung@hotmail.com and Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. dingeyoung@hotmail.com and Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Yeu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. dingeyoung@hotmail.com and Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Center for General Education, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsui-Yin
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ann-Joy
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Shi
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shiao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan. dingeyoung@hotmail.com and Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan and Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D020404:Glycerophospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics; D008970:Molecular Weight; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D005227:Fatty Acids; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011506:Proteins