title: The Role of Exercise in Cardiac Aging: From Physiology to Molecular Mechanisms.
abstract: Aging induces structural and functional changes in the heart that are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and impaired functional capacity in the elderly. Exercise is a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, with the potential to provide insights into clinical diagnosis and prognosis, as well as the molecular mechanisms by which aging influences cardiac physiology and function. In this review, we first provide an overview of how aging impacts the cardiac response to exercise, and the implications this has for functional capacity in older adults. We then review the underlying molecular mechanisms by which cardiac aging contributes to exercise intolerance, and conversely how exercise training can potentially modulate aging phenotypes in the heart. Finally, we highlight the potential use of these exercise models to complement models of disease in efforts to uncover new therapeutic targets to prevent or treat heart disease in the aging population.
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Division (J. Roh, J. Rhee, V.C., A.R.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine (J. Rhee), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Division (J. Roh, J. Rhee, V.C., A.R.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine (J. Rhee), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Division (J. Roh, J. Rhee, V.C., A.R.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine (J. Rhee), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
authors.forename: Vinita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaudhari
authors.affiliation: From the Cardiovascular Division (J. Roh, J. Rhee, V.C., A.R.) and Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine (J. Rhee), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston. arosenzweig@partners.org.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosenzweig
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015444:Exercise; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D065840:Protective Factors; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta
keywords: aging; cardiovascular diseases; exercise; heart; phenotype
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