title: Highly Efficient Transition Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts in Aqueous Solutions.
abstract: A ligand design is proposed for transition metal nanoparticle (TMNP) catalysts in aqueous solution. Thus, a tris(triazolyl)-polyethylene glycol (tris-trz-PEG) amphiphilic ligand, 2, is used for the synthesis of very small TMNPs with Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ru, Pd, Ag, Pt, and Au. These TMNP-2 catalysts were evaluated and compared for the model 4-nitrophenol reduction, and proved to be extremely efficient. High catalytic efficiencies involving the use of only a few ppm metal of PdNPs, RuNPs, and CuNPs were also exemplified in Suzuki-Miyaura, transfer hydrogenation, and click reactions, respectively.
authors.affiliation: ISM, UMR CNRS No 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405, Talence Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Changlong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: ISM, UMR CNRS No 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405, Talence Cedex, France.|Facultad de Quimica de San Sebastian, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Apdo. 1072, 20080, San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ciganda
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, UPR CNRS No 8241, 31077, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salmon
authors.affiliation: CIC biomaGUNE, Unidad Biosuperficies, Paseo Miramon No 182, Edif "C", 20009, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gregurec
authors.affiliation: CIC biomaGUNE, Unidad Biosuperficies, Paseo Miramon No 182, Edif "C", 20009, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Joseba
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Irigoyen
authors.affiliation: CIC biomaGUNE, Unidad Biosuperficies, Paseo Miramon No 182, Edif "C", 20009, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moya
authors.affiliation: ISM, UMR CNRS No 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405, Talence Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: ISM, UMR CNRS No 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405, Talence Cedex, France. d.astruc@ism.u-bordeaux1.fr.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-3126
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Astruc
keywords: green chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis; ligand design; nitroarene reduction; transition metal nanoparticles