title: Vitamin D intake in young children with acute lower respiratory infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if vitamin D intake is associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The vitamin D intakes of children younger than 5 years of age admitted to hospital with either bronchiolitis or pneumonia were compared to an unmatched control group of the same age without respiratory infection. Caregivers of 197 children completed a questionnaire collecting information on demographic variables, ALRI risk factors and diet. Associations of ALRI with vitamin D intake and other ALRI risk factors were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean vitamin D intake of children with ALRI was 48 IU/kg/d compared to 60 IU/kg/d in the control group. When controlling for age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, northern residence, breastfeeding, immunizations and smoking contact, children with a vitamin D intake of less than 80 IU/kg/d were greater than 4 times more likely to have ALRI compared to children with a vitamin D intake exceeding 80 IU/kg/day (OR 4.9, 95% CI: 1.5, 16.4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher vitamin D intake than currently recommended might be needed to offer protection against diseases such as ALRI. Increased vitamin D supplementation could have important public health consequences, as bronchiolitis and pneumonia are the most common reasons for hospitalization in young children.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario; 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; 4 Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Karen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Leis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario; 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; 4 Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: J Dayre
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McNally
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario; 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; 4 Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario; 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; 4 Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Koravangattu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sankaran
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario; 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; 4 Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Chandima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karunanayake
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario; 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta; 4 Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
keywords: Bronchiolitis; pediatrics; pneumonia; vitamin D
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