title: Inflammatory response of a prostate stromal cell line induced by Trichomonas vaginalis.
abstract: While Trichomonas vaginalis, a cause of sexually transmitted infection, is known as a surface-dwelling protozoa, trichomonads have been detected in prostatic tissue from benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis by immunoperoxidase assay or PCR. However, the immune response of prostate stromal cells infected with T. vaginalis has not been investigated. Our objective was to investigate whether T. vaginalis could induce an inflammatory response in prostate stromal cells. Incubation of a human prostate stromal myofibroblast cells (WPMY-1) with live T. vaginalis T016 increased expression of the inflammatory chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2. In addition, TLR4, ROS, MAPK and NF-κB expression increased, while inhibitors of TLR4, ROS, MAPKs and NF-κB reduced CXCL8 and CCL2 production. Medium conditioned by incubation of WPMY-1 cells with T. vaginalis stimulated the migration of human neutrophils and monocytes (THP-1 cells). We conclude that T. vaginalis increases CXCL8 and CCL2 production by human prostate stromal cells by activating TLR4, ROS, MAPKs and NF-κB, and this in turn attracts neutrophils and monocytes and leads to an inflammatory response. This study is the first attempt to demonstrate an inflammatory reaction in prostate stromal cells caused by T. vaginalis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: N Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D011467:Prostate / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014245:Trichomonas Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4
keywords: Trichomonas vaginalis; chemokine; inflammation; monocyte migration; neutrophil; prostate stromal cell