title: Investigation of the Comparative Effects of Red and Infrared Laser Therapy on Skeletal Muscle Repair in Diabetic Rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo response of 2 different laser wavelengths (red and infrared) on skeletal muscle repair process in diabetic rats.
  
  
  
  Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: basal control-nondiabetic and muscle-injured animals without treatment (BC); diabetic muscle-injured without treatment (DC); diabetic muscle-injured, treated with red laser (DCR) and infrared laser (DCIR). The injured region was irradiated daily for 7 consecutive days, starting immediately after the injury using a red (660 nm) and an infrared (808 nm) laser.
  
  
  
  The histological results demonstrated in both treated groups (red and infrared wavelengths) a modulation of the inflammatory process and a better tissue organization located in the site of the injury. However, only infrared light significantly reduced the injured area and increased MyoD and myogenin protein expression. Moreover, both red and infrared light increased the expression of the proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor and reduced the cyclooxygenase 2 protein expression.
  
  
  
  These results suggest that low-level laser therapy was efficient in promoting skeletal muscle repair in diabetic rats. However, the effect of infrared wavelength was more pronounced by reducing the area of the injury and modulating the expression proteins related to the repair.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lívia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manis
authors.forename: Kelly Rossetti
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magri
authors.forename: Suellen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veronez
authors.forename: Ana Claudia Muniz
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Renno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000528:radiation effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D007259:Infrared Rays / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000528:radiation effects; D018008:Myogenin / Q000528:radiation effects; D051381:Rats; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D017570:MyoD Protein; C503803:Myog protein, rat; D018008:Myogenin; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat