title: Tuberculoid nodular thelitis in a dairy goat flock.
abstract: An unusual outbreak of teat/udder skin lesions occurred in a dairy goat flock in France. Lesions first appeared as circular, indurated, erythematous areas of skin and progressed to form dark raised haemorrhagic crusts and ulcerative plaques. Histopathological examination revealed marked granulomatous dermatitis with multifocal ulceration. The granulomatous inflammation, with frequent Langhans type multinucleated cells and central caseous necrosis, was indicative of mycobacterial infection. The presence of non-cultivable mycobacteria was confirmed by sequencing PCR products from DNA extracted directly from the lesions and sequences matched a novel mycobacterial pathogen closely related to M. leprae and M. lepromatosis and previously identified in cattle thelitis. The association of nodular gross lesions and tuberculoid granulomas on the teat and lower udder, and the presence of mycobacteria DNA support a diagnosis of tuberculoid nodular thelitis in goats due to mycobacterial infection.
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences and Engineering, F-44307 Nantes, France; INRA, UMR1300 Biology, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis in Animal Health, F-44307 Nantes, France. Electronic address: christophe.chartier@oniris-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chartier
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences and Engineering, F-44307 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Albaric
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences and Engineering, F-44307 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cesbron
authors.affiliation: SCP BOCAVET, F-79140 Cerizay, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Despres
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences and Engineering, F-44307 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoogveld
authors.affiliation: ANSES, Bovine Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Laboratory for Animal Health, Paris-Est University, F-94706 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Lorraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michelet
authors.affiliation: ANSES, Bovine Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Laboratory for Animal Health, Paris-Est University, F-94706 Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors.forename: Maria-Laura
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Boschiroli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D006041:Goats; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008413:Mastitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Dairy; Goat; Mycobacteria; Thelitis; Udder