title: The Effects of Passive Smoking on Laryngeal and Tracheal Mucosa in Male Wistar Rats During Growth: An Experimental Study.
abstract: Cigarettes contain toxic and carcinogenic substances. In this context, cigarette smoking, and similar activities, are associated with numerous pathologies, being considered a risk factor in up to 10% of the total number of deaths in adults. Recent evidence suggests that the exposure of children to smoking in the early days of their development causes many diseases. Using light microscopy, this study aims to analyze the possible histopathological effects of an experimental model of chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke (passive smoking) on the laryngeal and tracheal mucosa of young Wistar rats. A total of 24 young Wistar rats were studied for a period of 120 days. The animals were divided into two groups: passive smoking (n = 16) and control (n = 8). The level of exposure to cigarette smoke was evaluated from the urinary cotinine level. Although no cancerous lesions were identified, histopathological analysis in the laryngeal and tracheal mucosa of all the animals in the experimental group showed that the proportion of moderate and focal inflammation was higher in animals exposed to chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke (P = 0.041). Histopathologic analysis revealed moderate and focal inflammatory lesions in the region of the infraglottic mucosa in exposed animals, although without dysplastic or neoplastic lesions in the laryngeal and tracheal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade Luterana do Brasil-ULBRA, Canoas, Brazil; Morphological Sciences Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zaquia Leão
authors.affiliation: Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade Luterana do Brasil-ULBRA, Canoas, Brazil; Pathology Department, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre-ISCMPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galleano Zettler
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Universidade Luterana do Brasil-ULBRA, Canoas, Brazil; Morphological Sciences Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cambruzzi
authors.affiliation: Morphological Sciences Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.affiliation: Morphological Sciences Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rigon da Luz Soster
authors.affiliation: Pharmacosciences Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratory Animal Reproduction and Experimentation Center (CREAL), UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bastos de Mello
authors.affiliation: Biology and Pharmacy Department, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul-UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reghelin Goulart
authors.affiliation: Biology and Pharmacy Department, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul-UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil; Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Deivis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.affiliation: Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Morphological Sciences Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: geraldo.jotz@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pereira Jotz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D007820:Laryngeal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D052016:Mucositis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Cigarette; Histopathology; Larynx; Trachea; Young rats