title: Evaluation of variations in sinonasal region with computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the frequency of anatomical variations in sinonasal region and association of these variations with mucosal diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 400 cases (191 female and 209 male) who were considered to have preliminary diagnoses of sinonasal pathology and who had paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) examination in axial plane. Reformatted CT images were studied in all planes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age range of the patients was 20-83 (mean 40.26 ± 14.85). Most commonly detected anatomical variation was Agger nasi cell (74.8%). There was a significant association between clinoid process pneumatization and protrusion of internal carotid arteries and optic nerves into sphenoid sinus (P < 0.001). Besides, the relationships between pterygoid process pneumatization and protrusion of vidian nerve into sphenoid sinus, and between pneumatization of large sphenoid wing and protrusion of maxillary nerves into sphenoid sinus were also significant (P < 0.001). Uncinate bulla and giant ethmoid bulla were found to be significantly associated with sinonasal mucosal diseases (P = 0.004 and P = 0.002, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sinonasal region has a great number of variations, and some of them have been determined to be associated with sinonasal mucosal disease. It is necessary to know that some of these variations are associated with protrusion of significant structures such as carotid artery or optic nerve into the sinus and care should be observed in surgeries on patients carrying these variations.
authors.affiliation: Ufuk Dasar, Erkan Gokce, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dasar
authors.affiliation: Ufuk Dasar, Erkan Gokce, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gokce
keywords: Agger nasi cell; Anatomical variations; Computed tomography; Paranasal sinuses; Sinonasal region
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