title: Ophthalmia neonatorum treatment and prophylaxis: IPOSC global study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Characteristics of ophthalmia neonatorum (ON) amongst paediatric ophthalmologists remain unclear. The purpose of this current study is to examine the incidence, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of ON cases presenting to members of the American Association of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  An email containing a web link to a survey was sent to all members of AAPOS. The questionnaire examined the incidence of ON, etiology, diagnostic methods, treatment, and prophylaxis of the disease in different countries around the world.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and ninety-one ophthalmologists answered the questionnaire. Most were from North America (52.94 %). One hundred and seventy-six (60.69 %) ophthalmologists encountered 0-5 cases of ON per year. The most common pathogens causing ON was Chlamydia trachomatis (35.37 %). Two hundred and forty-two (85.21 %) treat empirically when encountering ON during the first 10 days of life and 205 (75.09 %) after the first 10 days of life. In both cases, erythromycin was the most common first line of treatment. Two hundred and twenty-two (78.72 %) ophthalmologists replied that prophylactic treatment is required in their country. The most common agent for prophylaxis was erythromycin ointment (71.50 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the incidence of ON per year per practitioner is 0-5 cases, the most common etiology is C. trachomatis, and most infants receive prophylaxis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Sheba Medical Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Ofira
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zloto
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Surgery-Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
authors.forename: Almutez
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gharaibeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Rambam Health Care Campus, PO Box 9907, Haifa, 3109901, Israel.
authors.forename: Eedy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mezer
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center of Serbia, Institutes of Ophthalmology, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Branislav
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stankovic
authors.affiliation: Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Sherwin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Sheba Medical Center, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel. twjaffe@hotmail.com.|Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. twjaffe@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wygnanski-Jaffe
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014943:Global Health; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009878:Ophthalmia Neonatorum / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012955:Societies, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: AAPOS; Chlamydia trachomatis; Conjunctivitis; IPOSC; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Ophthalmia neonatorum; Prophylaxis
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