title: Microbiome Regulation of Autoimmune, Gut and Liver Associated Diseases.
abstract: Extensive analysis of the complexity and diversity of microbiota using metagenomics in the gut and other body sites has provided evidence that dysbiosis occurs in many disease states. With the application of next generation sequencing technology this research is starting to uncover the impact of microbiota on metabolic, physiological and immunological pathways and elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. To highlight these advances we have focused on autoimmunity and gut and liver related diseases and discuss the opportunities and challenges of translating microbiome research towards its application in humans. Towards this goal we discuss the application of fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of multiple chronic gut associated inflammatory diseases such as Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The potential role of human migration across continents and cultures leading to alteration in their microbiome and its implication in health and disease is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada. bsingh@uwo.ca.
authors.forename: Bhagirath
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D063426:Human Migration; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents