title: Optimal endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer cycles: window of implantation and progesterone support.
abstract: With significant improvements in cryopreservation technology (vitrification) the number of frozen ET IVF cycles is increasing and may soon surpass in numbers and success rates those of fresh stimulated IVF cycles. Increasing numbers of elective single ETs are also resulting in more frozen embryos (blastocysts) available for subsequent frozen ET cycles. Optimal endometrial preparation and identification of the receptive window for ET in frozen ET cycles thus assumes utmost importance for insuring the best frozen ET outcomes. Reliable data are essential for defining the optimal endometrial preparation protocols with accurate determination of the implantation window in frozen ET cycles.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Toronto, and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Toronto Center for Advanced Reproductive Technology (TCART) Fertility Partners, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Casper
authors.affiliation: Center for Infertility and Reproductive Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: eyanushpolsky@partners.org.
authors.forename: Elena H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Yanushpolsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate / Q000639:trends; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone
keywords: Window of implantation; endometrial preparation; endometrial receptivity; frozen embryo transfer; progesterone support