title: The "χ" of the Matter: Testing the Relationship between Paleoenvironments and Three Theropod Clades.
abstract: The view of spinosaurs as dinosaurs of semi-aquatic habits and strongly associated with marginal and coastal habitats are deeply rooted in both scientific and popular knowledge, but it was never statistically tested. Inspired by a previous analysis of other dinosaur clades and major paleoenvironmental categories, here we present our own statistical evaluation of the association between coastal and terrestrial paleoenvironments and spinosaurids, along with other two theropod taxa: abelisaurids and carcharodontosaurids. We also included a taphonomic perspective and classified the occurrences in categories related to potential biases in order to better address our interpretations. Our main results can be summarized as follows: 1) the taxon with the largest amount of statistical evidence showing it positively associated to coastal paleoenvironments is Spinosauridae; 2) abelisaurids and carcharodontosaurids had more statistical evidence showing them positively associated with terrestrial paleoenvironments; 3) it is likely that spinosaurids also occupied spatially inland areas in a way somehow comparable at least to carcharodontosaurids; 4) abelisaurids may have been more common than the other two taxa in inland habitats.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos A F
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sales
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcel B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lacerda
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.|Serviço Geológico do Brasil (CPRM), Superintendência Regional de Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno L D
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabel A P
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cesar L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D025061:Dinosaurs / Q000145:classification*; D017753:Ecosystem; D005843:Geography; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D010163:Paleontology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012984:Software
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