title: Body Surface Electrocardiographic Mapping for Non-invasive Identification of Arrhythmic Sources.
abstract: The authors describe a novel three-dimensional, 252-lead electrocardiography (ECG) and computed tomography (CT)-based non-invasive cardiac imaging and mapping modality. This technique images potentials, electrograms and activation sequences (isochrones) on the epicardial surface of the heart. This tool has been investigated in the normal cardiac electrophysiology and various tachyarrhythmic, conduction and anomalous depo-repolarisation disorders. The clinical application of this system includes a wide range of electrical disorders like atrial arrhythmias (premature atrial beat, atrial tachycardia, atrial fibrillation), ventricular arrhythmias (premature ventricular beat, ventricular tachycardia) and ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome). In addition, the system has been used in exploring abnormalities of the His-Purkinje conduction like the bundle branch block and intraventricular conduction disturbance and thereby useful in electrically treating the associated heart failure (cardiac resynchronisation). It has a potential role in furthering our understanding of abnormalities of ventricular action potential (depolarisation [Brugada syndrome and repolarisation], long QT and early repolarisation syndromes) and in evaluating the impact of drugs on His-Purkinje conduction and cardiac action potential.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: J Shah
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Meleze
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hocini
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pascale
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roten
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramoul
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Derval
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sacher
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.affiliation: CardioInsight Technologies Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, US.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bokan
authors.affiliation: CardioInsight Technologies Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, US.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eliatou
authors.affiliation: CardioInsight Technologies Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, US.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strom
authors.affiliation: CardioInsight Technologies Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, US.
authors.forename: Charu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jais
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Université Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haissaguerre
keywords: Body surface mapping; arrhythmia sources; electrocardiographic imaging; electrocardiomapping; non-invasive mapping
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