title: Which Is Better for Arthroscopic Tenodesis of the Long Head of the Biceps: Soft Tissue or Bony Interference Fixation?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcome between arthroscopic soft tissue tenodesis (STT) at the rotator interval and bony interference fixation tenodesis (BIFT) at the distal bicipital groove for the long head of the biceps (LHB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five shoulders that underwent arthroscopic STT of the LHB were compared with 28 shoulders that underwent arthroscopic BIFT using a 5.5-mm Bio-Tenodesis screw (Arthrex, Naples, FL). American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores, Constant score, and elbow flexion strength index (EFSI) were checked preoperatively, postoperative 1 year and 2 years. Ultrasound imaging evaluation took place at 1 year and 2 years postoperatively as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall functional outcomes improved after surgery in both groups. The BIFT group showed a significant increase in EFSI (preop: 0.54, postoperative 2 years: 0.94) compared with that of the STT group (preop: 0.52, postoperative 2 years: 0.74) at postoperative 2 years (P = .006). However, no significant difference was seen in the increase of American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores and Constant scores between the two groups. At postoperative 2 years, ultrasound showed seven empty grooves in the STT group, but only two empty grooves in the BIFT group (P = .046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arthroscopic BIFT for the LHB showed better improvement in EFSI than arthroscopic STT. In addition, the STT group showed a higher failure rate than the BIFT group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level III, retrospective comparative study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Gyo-dong, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea; Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gyo-dong, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Taek
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwasung, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Daerim 1-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: happynoh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kyu-Cheol
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwasung, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yon-Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Gil 1-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Beom
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Daerim 1-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D001863:Bone Screws; D002061:Bursa, Synovial / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012783:Shoulder Dislocation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery*; D053656:Tenodesis / Q000379:methods*