title: Pathway engineering of Propionibacterium jensenii for improved production of propionic acid.
abstract: Propionic acid (PA) is an important chemical building block widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. In our previous study, a shuttle vector was developed as a useful tool for engineering Propionibacterium jensenii, and two key enzymes-glycerol dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase-were overexpressed to improve PA titer. Here, we aimed to improve PA production further via the pathway engineering of P. jensenii. First, the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene (ppc) from Klebsiella pneumoniae was overexpressed to access the one-step synthesis of oxaloacetate directly from phosphoenolpyruvate without pyruvate as intermediate. Next, genes encoding lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and pyruvate oxidase (poxB) were deleted to block the synthesis of the by-products lactic acid and acetic acid, respectively. Overexpression of ppc and deleting ldh improved PA titer from 26.95 ± 1.21 g·L(-1) to 33.21 ± 1.92 g·L(-1) and 30.50 ± 1.63 g·L(-1), whereas poxB deletion decreased it. The influence of this pathway engineering on gene transcription, enzyme expression, NADH/NAD(+) ratio, and metabolite concentration was also investigated. Finally, PA production in P. jensenii with ppc overexpression as well as ldh deletion was investigated, which resulted in further increases in PA titer to 34.93 ± 2.99 g·L(-1) in a fed-batch culture.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.|Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Ningzi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.|Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Gexin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.|Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Jianghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, USA.
authors.forename: Hyun-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.|Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Guocheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.|Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D061249:Batch Cell Culture Techniques; D005285:Fermentation; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015870:Gene Expression; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D060847:Metabolic Engineering; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism*; D011424:Propionibacterium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011422:Propionates; D009243:NAD; C029658:propionic acid
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