title: Diagnostic imaging advances in murine models of colitis.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic-remittent inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract still evoking challenging clinical diagnostic and therapeutic situations. Murine models of experimental colitis are a vital component of research into human IBD concerning questions of its complex pathogenesis or the evaluation of potential new drugs. To monitor the course of colitis, to the present day, classical parameters like histological tissue alterations or analysis of mucosal cytokine/chemokine expression often require euthanasia of animals. Recent advances mean revolutionary non-invasive imaging techniques for in vivo murine colitis diagnostics are increasingly available. These novel and emerging imaging techniques not only allow direct visualization of intestinal inflammation, but also enable molecular imaging and targeting of specific alterations of the inflamed murine mucosa. For the first time, in vivo imaging techniques allow for longitudinal examinations and evaluation of intra-individual therapeutic response. This review discusses the latest developments in the different fields of ultrasound, molecularly targeted contrast agent ultrasound, fluorescence endoscopy, confocal laser endomicroscopy as well as tomographic imaging with magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and fluorescence-mediated tomography, discussing their individual limitations and potential future diagnostic applications in the management of human patients with IBD.
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brückner
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mücke
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Faekah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gohar
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Willeke
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Domagk
authors.affiliation: Markus Brückner, Philipp Lenz, Marcus M Mücke, Dominik Bettenworth, Department of Medicine B, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bettenworth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D003106:Colon / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003113:Colonoscopy; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051379:Mice; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D016264:Dextran Sulfate
keywords: Confocal laser endomicroscopy; Contrast enhanced ultrasound; Dextran Sodium Sulphate colitis; Endoscopy; Experimental colitis; Fluorescence imaging; Imaging; Inflammatory bowel disease; Tomography
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