title: Changed categorical perception of consonant-vowel syllables induced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Speech-related disorders may refer to impairment of temporal analysis in the human auditory system. By the advance of non-invasive brain stimulation new forms of therapy arise. In the present study, we examined the neuromodulatory effect of auditory tDCS on the perception of temporal modulated speech syllables. In three experimental sessions we assessed phonetic categorization of consonant-vowels (CV)-syllables (/da/,/ta/) with varying voice onset times (VOT) during sham, anodal, and cathodal tDCS delivered bilateral to the auditory cortex (AC). Subsequently, we recorded auditory evoked potentials (AEP) in response to voiced (/ba/,/da/,/ga/) and voiceless (/pa/,/ta/,/ka/) CV-syllables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In result, we demonstrate that bilateral tDCS of the AC can modulate CV-syllable perception. Behaviorally, cathodal tDCS improved phonetic categorization abilities in a VOT continuum accompanied by an elevation of the P50 amplitude of the AEP to CV-syllables during the anodal tDCS after effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates the ability of bilateral tDCS over the AC to ameliorate speech perception. The results may have clinical implications by fostering potential approaches for a treatment of speech-related pathologies with a deficit of temporal processing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Street 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. k.heimrath@med.ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heimrath
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Street 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. a.fischer@med.ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Street 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. hans-jochen.heinze@med.ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Hans-Jochen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Heinze
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Street 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. tino.zaehle@ovgu.de.
authors.forename: Tino
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zaehle
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D065908:Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation; D055815:Young Adult
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