title: A Wireless EEG Recording Method for Rat Use inside the Water Maze.
abstract: With the continued miniaturisation of portable embedded systems, wireless EEG recording techniques are becoming increasingly prevalent in animal behavioural research. However, in spite of their versatility and portability, they have seldom been used inside water-maze tasks designed for rats. As such, a novel 3D printed implant and waterproof connector is presented, which can facilitate wireless water-maze EEG recordings in freely-moving rats, using a commercial wireless recording system (W32; Multichannel Systems). As well as waterproofing the wireless system, battery, and electrode connector, the implant serves to reduce movement-related artefacts by redistributing movement-related forces away from the electrode connector. This implant/connector was able to successfully record high-quality LFP in the hippocampo-striatal brain regions of rats as they undertook a procedural-learning variant of the double-H water-maze task. Notably, there were no significant performance deficits through its use when compared with a control group across a number of metrics including number of errors and speed of task completion. Taken together, this method can expand the range of measurements that are currently possible in this diverse area of behavioural neuroscience, whilst paving the way for integration with more complex behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Neuroelectronic Systems, Dept. of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pinnell
authors.affiliation: Neuroelectronic Systems, Dept. of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.|Institute for Signal Processing, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.|College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq.
authors.forename: Rand K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Almajidy
authors.affiliation: Neuroelectronic Systems, Dept. of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kirch
authors.affiliation: Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), F-67000, Strasbourg, France.|CNRS, LNCA UMR 7364, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cassel
authors.affiliation: Neuroelectronic Systems, Dept. of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrich G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D018782:Maze Learning; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014867:Water; D059015:Wireless Technology
chemical_list: D014867:Water
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2001 Mar;13(6):1197-208
references.pmid: 11285017
references.citation: Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1969 Apr;26(4):407-18
references.pmid: 4183562
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2008 Feb 15;168(1):119-26
references.pmid: 17983664
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2005 Dec;3(12):e402
references.pmid: 16279838
references.citation: Neuron. 2010 Jun 24;66(6):921-36
references.pmid: 20620877
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2011 Sep 30;201(1):106-15
references.pmid: 21820010
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1995 Jan;15(1 Pt 1):47-60
references.pmid: 7823151
references.citation: Neuron. 2002 Aug 1;35(3):555-66
references.pmid: 12165476
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Dec 23;105(51):20517-22
references.pmid: 19074268
references.citation: J Vis Exp. 2015;(101):e52667
references.pmid: 26273794
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2016 Jan 15;257:134-8
references.pmid: 26456356
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2007 Sep 30;165(2):244-50
references.pmid: 17669505
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2012 May 1;230(2):333-42
references.pmid: 22394542
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Mar 27;104(13):5644-9
references.pmid: 17372196
references.citation: Nature. 2014 Jun 5;510(7503):143-7
references.pmid: 24739966
references.citation: Science. 1995 Mar 10;267(5203):1512-5
references.pmid: 7878473
references.citation: Front Neuroeng. 2013 Jul 24;6:6
references.pmid: 23898266
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2012 Jan 11;32(2):423-35
references.pmid: 22238079
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2012 Apr 30;206(1):15-22
references.pmid: 22348856
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2001 Mar 1;21(5):1635-44
references.pmid: 11222654
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 1954 Nov;17(6):533-57
references.pmid: 13212425
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2004 Apr;91(4):1883-98
references.pmid: 15010498
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2011 Mar 17;218(1):138-51
references.pmid: 21115065