title: [Analysis of clinical relevant bleeding events in the elderly patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism after treatment].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidences of clinical relevant bleeding events and risk factors in elderly patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January of 2009 and December of 2013, a total of 539 initially diagnosed PTE patients were recruited in our study in Beijing Chao Yang hospital. Basic clinical characteristics, medical history, imaging results, laboratory tests, therapy and outcomes (including mortality, recurrence and incidences of bleeding events) were collected during 3 months' follow-up. All the patients were divided into two groups according to age (≤ 65 years and >65 years ), and these parameters were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with younger patients (≤ 65 years old), older patients (>65 years) had higher incidences of total bleeding, clinical relevant non-major bleeding (20.2% vs 13.4%, P=0.038; 16.7% vs 10.5%, P=0.043). The incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding of the elderly was also higher than that of younger patients (6.0% vs 1.4%, P=0.005) and majority of bleeding events were within 1 month after initial treatment. For the elderly, chronic liver diseases (P=0.001, OR=9.229), ischemic stroke (P=0.001, OR=6.323) and anemia (P=0.014, OR=3.774) were independent risk factors for major bleeding, and malignancy (P<0.001, OR=3.140) was independent risk factor for clinical relevant non-major bleeding. The independent risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding were diabetes mellitus (P=0.012, OR=3.711) and anemia (P<0.001, OR=5.863).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The older PTE patients had higher incidences of total bleeding and clinical relevant non-major bleeding. Gastrointestinal bleeding of the elderly was also higher than that of younger patients and mainly occurred within 1 month after initial treatment. Complications can increase the risk of bleeding in older PTE patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Juanni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029, China, Email: zhaizhenguo2011@126.com.
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Yuanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wanmu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Tuguang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000068476:Beijing; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke