title: Device-Based Approaches to Modulate the Autonomic Nervous System and Cardiac Electrophysiology.
abstract: Alterations in resting autonomic tone can be pathogenic in many cardiovascular disease states, such as heart failure and hypertension. Indeed, autonomic modulation by way of beta-blockade is a standard treatment of these conditions. There is a significant interest in developing non-pharmacological methods of autonomic modulation as well. For instance, clinical trials of vagal stimulation and spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of heart failure are currently underway, and renal denervation has been studied recently in the treatment of resistant hypertension. Notably, autonomic stimulation is also a potent modulator of cardiac electrophysiology. Manipulating the autonomic nervous system in studies designed to treat heart failure and hypertension have revealed that autonomic modulation may have a role in the treatment of common atrial and ventricular arrhythmias as well. Experimental data on vagal nerve and spinal cord stimulation suggest that each technique may reduce ventricular arrhythmias. Similarly, renal denervation may play a role in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, as well as in controlling refractory ventricular arrhythmias. In this review, we present the current experimental and clinical data on the effect of these therapeutic modalities on cardiac electrophysiology and their potential role in arrhythmia management.
authors.affiliation: Fellow in Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, US;
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hucker
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Director, Resynchronization and Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, US.
authors.forename: Jagmeet P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation, Massachusetts General Hospital, US.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, US.
authors.forename: Antonis A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Armoundas
keywords: Autonomic stimulation; arrhythmias; renal denervation; spinal cord stimulation; vagal stimulation
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