title: Association between Chemotherapy-Response Assays and Subsets of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Gastric Cancer: A Pilot Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the association between adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assays (ATP-CRAs) and subsets of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 15 gastric cancer tissue samples were obtained from gastrectomies performed between February 2007 and January 2011. Chemotherapy response assays were performed on tumor cells from these samples using 11 chemotherapeutic agents, including etoposide, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin, irinotecan, docetaxel, paclitaxel, methotrexate, and cisplatin. TILs in the tissue samples were evaluated using antibodies specific for CD3, CD4, CD8, Foxp3, and Granzyme B.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest cancer cell death rates were induced by etoposide (44.8%), 5-FU (43.1%), and mitomycin (39.9%). Samples from 10 patients who were treated with 5-FU were divided into 5-FU-sensitive and -insensitive groups according to median cell death rate. No difference was observed in survival between the two groups (P=0.216). Only two patients were treated with a chemotherapeutic agent determined by an ATP-CRA and there was no significant difference in overall survival compared with that of patients treated with their physician's choice of chemotherapeutic agent (P=0.105). However, a high number of CD3 TILs was a favorable prognostic factor (P=0.008). Pearson's correlation analyses showed no association between cancer cell death rates in response to chemotherapeutic agents and subsets of TILs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancer cell death rates in response to specific chemotherapeutic agents were not significantly associated with the distribution of TIL subsets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Taeil
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hyung
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Choong-Bai
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Translational Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul, Korea.; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chung-Gyu
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Translational Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul, Korea.; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung-Il
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Adenosine triphosphate; Chemotherapy response assay; Drug screening assays, antitumor; Lymphocytes, tumor-infiltrating; Stomach neoplasms
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