title: No relationship between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, proinflammatory cytokines, and neopterin in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a reported risk factor for dementia. However, the relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lp-PLA2 is still debatable and, to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the associations between levels of Lp-PLA2, proinflammatory cytokines, and neopterin in AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 59 patients with AD and 38 non-demented individuals were included in the case-control study. Fasting serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), neopterin, and Lp-PLA2 were determined using ELISA. The associations between AD and each of the variables were analyzed by logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median Lp-PLA2 levels in AD and controls were similar (P=0.29, not significant). Median serum neopterin and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with AD than in controls (P=0.0001 and P=0.03, respectively). In regression analyses, median neopterin levels, a lower level of education, and female gender were significantly associated with AD when compared with controls (OR, 31.44, 95% CI 3.59-275.28, P=0.002; OR, 4.35, 95% CI 1.13-16.61, P=0.032; OR, 7.25, 95% CI 1.88-28.00, P=0.004, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to previous evidence suggesting its role in dementia and AD, Lp-PLA2 enzyme levels were higher in the controls, and no relationship between Lp-PLA2 and either proinflammatory cytokines or neopterin was identified in AD. Elevated neopterin levels may be considered inflammatory markers of AD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: esumrusavas@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savas
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kabaroglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alpman
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sarac
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Parıldar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozkinay
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kumral
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akcicek
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019798:Neopterin / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019798:Neopterin; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; C526684:PLA2G7 protein, human
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2); Neopterin; Proinflammatory cytokine