title: Long-Term Body Composition Changes in Women Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery.
abstract: Although most individuals experience successful weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), weight regain is a concern, the composition of which is not well documented. Our aim was to evaluate changes in body composition and handgrip strength as a measure of functional status in participants from a previous 1-year post-RYGB longitudinal study who had undergone RYGB approximately 9 years prior.
  
  
  
  Five women from an original larger cohort were monitored pre-RYGB and 1.5 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 9 years post-RYGB. Body composition was assessed at all time points using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and multiple dilution. Handgrip strength was measured using a digital isokinetic hand dynamometer (Takei Scientific Instruments, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan).
  
  
  
  Mean time to final follow-up was 8.7 years. Lean soft tissue (LST) loss over the ~9-year period was on average 11.9 ± 5.6 kg. Compared with 1-year post-RYGB, 9-year LST was 4.4 ± 3.0 kg lower ( P = .03). Fat-free mass decreased over the 9-year period by 12.6 ± 5.8 kg. Mean fat mass (FM) decreased from 75.4 ± 22.6 kg pre-RYGB to 35.5 ± 21.5 kg 1 year post-RYGB but then trended toward an increase of 8.6 ± 7.0 kg between 1 year and 9 years post-RYGB ( P = .053). Loss of LST was correlated with loss of handgrip strength ( r = 0.64, P = .0005).
  
  
  
  The continued loss of lean mass associated with decreased handgrip strength occurring with long-term trend toward FM regain post-RYGB is concerning. The loss of LST and functional strength carries particular implications for the aging bariatric population and should be investigated further.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Abigail J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kuchnia
authors.affiliation: 2 Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Beckman
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Cyrus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jahansouz
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mager
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Shalamar D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sibley
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Carrie P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Earthman
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; bariatric; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; fat-free mass; handgrip strength; lean body mass; lean tissue; obesity
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