title: Lateral hypothalamic circuits for feeding and reward.
abstract: In experiments conducted over 60 years ago, the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) was identified as a critical neuroanatomical substrate for motivated behavior. Electrical stimulation of the LHA induces voracious feeding even in well-fed animals. In the absence of food, animals will work tirelessly, often lever-pressing thousands of times per hour, for electrical stimulation at the same site that provokes feeding, drinking and other species-typical motivated behaviors. Here we review the classic findings from electrical stimulation studies and integrate them with more recent work that has used contemporary circuit-based approaches to study the LHA. We identify specific anatomically and molecularly defined LHA elements that integrate diverse information arising from cortical, extended amygdala and basal forebrain networks to ultimately generate a highly specified and invigorated behavioral state conveyed via LHA projections to downstream reward and feeding-specific circuits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.|Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.|Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Garret D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Stuber
authors.affiliation: Intramural Research Program National Institute on Drug Abuse, US National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Roy A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wise
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007026:Hypothalamic Area, Lateral / Q000502:physiology*; D009042:Motivation; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D012201:Reward
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