title: Hyperglycemic adverse events following antipsychotic drug administration in spontaneous adverse event reports.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antipsychotics are potent dopamine antagonists used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between antipsychotic drugs and adverse hyperglycemic events using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. In particular, we focused on adverse hyperglycemic events associated with atypical antipsychotic use, which are major concerns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed reports of adverse hyperglycemic events associated with 26 antipsychotic drugs in the FAERS database from January 2004 to March 2013. The Standardized Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities Queries (SMQ) preferred terms (PTs) was used to identify adverse hyperglycemic events. The number of adverse hyperglycemic reports for the top eight antipsychotic drugs, quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, haloperidol, clozapine, prochlorperazine, and chlorpromazine was 12,471 (28.9%), 8,423 (37.9%), 5,968 (27.0%), 4,045 (23.7%), 3,445 (31.5%), 2,614 (14.3%), 1,800 (19.8%), and 1,003 (35.7%), respectively. The reporting ratio increased with co-administration of multiple antipsychotic drugs. For example, adverse hyperglycemic events represented 21.6% of reports for quetiapine monotherapy, 39.9% for two-drug polypharmacy, and 66.3% for three-drug polypharmacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antipsychotic drug polypharmacy may influence signal strength, and may be associated with hyperglycemia. After considering the causality restraints of the current analysis, further robust epidemiological studies are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan.
authors.forename: Yamato
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan.
authors.forename: Ryogo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Umetsu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan ; Medical Database Co., LTD, 3-11-10, Higashi, Sibuya Ward, Tokyo, 150-0011 Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan.
authors.forename: Natsumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Informatics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan.
authors.forename: Yasutomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinosada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
keywords: Adverse event reporting system; Antipsychotic drugs; Antipsychotic monotherapy; Antipsychotic polypharmacy; Hyperglycemic adverse events
references.citation: Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010 Aug;35(9):1997-2004
references.pmid: 20520598
references.citation: J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62 Suppl 27:15-26; discussion 40-1
references.pmid: 11806485
references.citation: Schizophr Bull. 2010 Jan;36(1):71-93
references.pmid: 19955390
references.citation: Diabetes Metab. 2007 Jun;33(3):169-75
references.pmid: 17412628
references.citation: CNS Spectr. 2014 Oct;19(5):439-48
references.pmid: 25119976
references.citation: Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2012 Sep;35(3):661-81
references.pmid: 22929872
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Feb;161(2 Suppl):1-56
references.pmid: 15000267
references.citation: CNS Spectr. 2013 Jun;18(3):150-62
references.pmid: 23591126
references.citation: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2009 Jun;18(6):427-36
references.pmid: 19358225
references.citation: Psychopharmacol Bull. 2009;42(1):11-31
references.pmid: 19204649
references.citation: Schizophr Bull. 2009 Mar;35(2):443-57
references.pmid: 18417466
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2004 Sep;55(9):1006-13
references.pmid: 15345760
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 22;353(12 ):1209-23
references.pmid: 16172203
references.citation: BMC Psychiatry. 2005 May 27;5:26
references.pmid: 15921508
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006 Oct;63(10):1079-87
references.pmid: 17015810
references.citation: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2002 Jan-Feb;11(1):3-10
references.pmid: 11998548
references.citation: Br J Psychiatry. 2008 Jun;192(6):406-11
references.pmid: 18515889
references.citation: Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2013 Jul-Sep;6(3):97-100
references.pmid: 23485567