title: Effects of norspermidine on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and eradication.
abstract: Biofilms are defined as aggregation of single cell microorganisms and associated with over 80% of all the microbial infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen capable of leading to various infections in immunocompromised people. Recent studies showed that norspermidine, a kind of polyamine, prevented and disrupted biofilm formation by some Gram-negative bacterium. In this study, the effects of norspermidine on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and eradication were tested. Microtiter plate combined with crystal violet staining was used to study the effects of norspermidine on P. aeruginosa initial attachment, then we employed SEM (scanning electron microscope), qRT-PCR, and QS-related virulence factor assays to investigate how norspermidine prevent biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa. We reported that high-dose norspermidine had bactericide effect on P. aeruginosa, and norspermidine began to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate 24-h mature biofilm at concentration of 0.1 and 1 mmol/L, respectively, probably by preventing cell-surface attachment, inhibiting swimming motility, and downregulating QS-related genes expression. To investigate the potential utility of norspermidine in preventing device-related infections, we found that catheters immersed with norspermidine were effective in eradicating mature biofilm. These results suggest that norspermidine could be a potent antibiofilm agent for formulating strategies against P. aeruginosa biofilm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: She
authors.affiliation: Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Yangxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Fengxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D057785:Catheters / Q000382:microbiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D013095:Spermidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D037521:Virulence Factors; C006760:norspermidine; D013095:Spermidine
keywords: Bacterial adhesion; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; biofilm; norspermidine; quorum sensing
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