title: [Long-term efficacy of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination against chronic hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease: a cross-sectional study based on Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term protection efficacy of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination on chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January to October, 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted among the participants from Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study (QHBIS), who were selected through stratified random sampling. The detections of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, and anti-HBe were conducted and ultrasonography on liver, gallbladder and spleen was performed for them. The positive rates of each serologic markers, the prevalence of active CHB and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were calculated, the gender specific differences between vaccination group and control group were compared with Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 4 421 participants aged (25.59±1.84) years in vaccination group and 3 880 participants aged (26.61±2.24) years in control group were surveyed. The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe were 2.38%, 37.73%, 3.78%, 0.57% and 2.15% in vaccination group, and 9.02%, 29.41%, 16.83%, 2.73% and 8.87% in control group, respectively, the differences between two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The prevalence of active CHB and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were 0.45% and 0.16% in vaccination group, 1.29% and 0.39% in control group, the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The active CHB prevalence was lower in females than in males in both vaccination group and control group (P<0.05). The liver fibrosis and cirrhosis prevalence was lower in females than in males in control group (P<0.05); whereas, no statistical significant difference in liver fibrosis & cirrhosis prevalence between males and females was found in vaccination group (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Protection conferred by neonatal hepatitis B vaccination could last to marrying age. The gender specific difference in protection efficacy needs further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Taoyang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Immunology Department, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Chunfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Zhengping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China.
authors.forename: Chunsun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Etiology, Qidong People's Hospital and Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, USA.
authors.forename: Yawei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines