title: Comparative study of sexual dysfunction and serum prolactin level associated with olanzapine, risperidone, and clozapine in patients with remitted schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sexual dysfunctions have been a major side effect of the second generation anti-psychotic drugs which often affects treatment compliance in patients with schizophrenia. There is no/few systematic review or research addressing sexual dysfunction and their effect on serum prolactin level among different atypical antipsychotics in India.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine and compare the frequency of sexual dysfunction associated with olanzapine, risperidone, and clozapine and their effect on serum prolactin level in remitted patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional hospital-based study. Recruitment by purposive sampling. Estimation of serum prolactin was done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  The total sample size was 103, consisting of 31, 23, and 19 patients in olanzapine, risperidone, and clozapine groups, respectively and 30 controls. A Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser (UKU) Side Effect Rating Scale and Sexual Functioning Questionnaire were administered. Analysis of variance was used to compare clinical variables. Chi-square test was used to identify the frequency of sexual dysfunction. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare UKU side effect, sexual dysfunction, and blood parameters across the study groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eighty-six percentage reported sexual dysfunction in one or more domains of sexual functioning in risperidone group as compared to 48.3% in olanzapine and 31% in clozapine groups, respectively. Prolactin level elevation was statistically significant in risperidone group followed by clozapine and olanzapine groups, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Fellow in Psychiatric Rehabilitation, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sathish Kumar
authors.affiliation: Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
authors.forename: Vinod Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sinha
keywords: Clozapine; olanzapine; risperidone; schizophrenia; sexual dysfunction
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