title: Influence of Clinical Factors and Magnification Correction on Normal Thickness Profiles of Macular Retinal Layers Using Optical Coherence Tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the factors which significantly contribute to the thickness variabilities in macular retinal layers measured by optical coherence tomography with or without magnification correction of analytical areas in normal subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The thickness of retinal layers {retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer (GCLIPL), RNFL plus GCLIPL (ganglion cell complex, GCC), total retina, total retina minus GCC (outer retina)} were measured by macular scans (RS-3000, NIDEK) in 202 eyes of 202 normal Asian subjects aged 20 to 60 years. The analytical areas were defined by three concentric circles (1-, 3- and 6-mm nominal diameters) with or without magnification correction. For each layer thickness, a semipartial correlation (sr) was calculated for explanatory variables including age, gender, axial length, corneal curvature, and signal strength index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outer retinal thickness was significantly thinner in females than in males (sr2, 0.07 to 0.13) regardless of analytical areas or magnification correction. Without magnification correction, axial length had a significant positive sr with RNFL (sr2, 0.12 to 0.33) and a negative sr with GCLIPL (sr2, 0.22 to 0.31), GCC (sr2, 0.03 to 0.17), total retina (sr2, 0.07 to 0.17) and outer retina (sr2, 0.16 to 0.29) in multiple analytical areas. The significant sr in RNFL, GCLIPL and GCC became mostly insignificant following magnification correction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The strong correlation between the thickness of inner retinal layers and axial length appeared to result from magnification effects. Outer retinal thickness may differ by gender and axial length independently of magnification correction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higashide
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hangai
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno-Matsui
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital and Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Kenneth K W
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagahisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
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