title: Epidemiology of Birth Defects Based on a Birth Defect Surveillance System from 2005 to 2014 in Hunan Province, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the epidemiology of birth defects (BDs) in perinatal infants in Hunan Province, China, between 2005 and 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  The BD surveillance data of perinatal infants (for stillbirth, dead fetus or live birth between 28 weeks of gestation and 7 days after birth) were collected from 52 registered hospitals of Hunan between 2005 and 2014. The prevalence rates of BDs with 95% confidence interval (CI) and crude odds ratio (ORs) were calculated to examine the associations of infant gender, maternal age, and region (urban vs rural) with BDs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 2005 to 2014, there were a total of 925413 perinatal infants of which 17753 had BDs, with the average prevalence of 191.84 per 10000 PIs (perinatal infants), showing a significant uptrend. The risks of BDs are higher in urban areas versus rural areas (OR = 1.20), in male infants versus female infants (OR = 1.19), and in mothers above age 35 versus those below age 35 (OR = 1.24). The main five types of BDs are Congenital heart defects (CHD), Other malformation of external ear (OMEE), Polydactyly, Congenital malformation of kidney (CMK), and Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTE). From 2005 to 2014, the prevalence rates (per 10000 PIs) of CHD and CMK increased significantly from 22.56 to 74 (OR = 3.29, 95%CI: 2.65-4.11) and from 7.61 to 14.62 (OR = 1.92, 95%CI:1.30-2.84), respectively; the prevalence rates of congenital hydrocephalus and neural tube defects (NTDs) decreased significantly from 11.8 to 5.29 (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.31-0.65) and from 7.87 to 1.74 (OR = 0.22, 95%CI: 0.13-0.38), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence rates of specific BDs in perinatal infants in Hunan have changed in the last decade. Urban pregnant women, male perinatal infants, and mothers above age 35 present different prevalence rates of BDs. Wider use of new diagnosis technology, improving the ability of monitoring, strengthening the publicity and education are important to reduce the prevalence of BDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistic, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P.R of China.|Department of Information management, Maternal and Children hospital of Hunan province, 58 Xiangchun Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P.R of China.
authors.forename: Donghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistic, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P.R of China.
authors.forename: Tubao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Information management, Maternal and Children hospital of Hunan province, 58 Xiangchun Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P.R of China.
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Information management, Maternal and Children hospital of Hunan province, 58 Xiangchun Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P.R of China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D005865:Gestational Age; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000453:epidemiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence
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