title: Transdermal immunization of P. falciparum surface antigen (MSP-119) via elastic liposomes confers robust immunogenicity.
abstract: As transdermal immunization results in poor immunogenicity, which is attributed to poor permeability of antigens through the skin, we believed ultradeformable lipid vesicles (elastic liposome) might address the challenges encountered during transdermal immunization. The elastic liposome, versatile carrier, proves better vehicle for transcutaneous delivery of protein, peptide and nucleic acid antigens. Our recently published article (1) is suggestive of improved immunogenicity of carboxyl-terminal 19 kDa fragment of merozoite surface protein-1 (PfMSP-119) of Plasmodium falciparum when administered subcutaneously via elastic liposomes ( Fig. 1 ).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Global Health , College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA.|c Institute of Science, Nirma University , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India.
authors.forename: Rajeev K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.affiliation: b Drug Delivery Research Group, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC center of Advanced Studies, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India.
authors.forename: Neeraj K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: c Institute of Science, Nirma University , Ahmedabad , Gujarat , India.
authors.forename: Sarat K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Dalai
authors.affiliation: d Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (an autonomous institute of Department of Biotechnology , Govt. of India), NCR Biotech Science , Faridabad , India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Awasthi
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods*; D000071497:Immunogenicity, Vaccine; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000276:immunology; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017780:Malaria Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000517:prevention & control; D020066:Merozoite Surface Protein 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; D020066:Merozoite Surface Protein 1
keywords: Cellular and humoral immunity; Elastic liposome; Immunization; Langerhans cells; MSP-119; Transdermal delivery; Vaccine
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Feb 26;391(6670):851
references.pmid: 9495336
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1997 Aug;65(8):3032-6
references.pmid: 9234750
references.citation: Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2001;18(5):503-26
references.pmid: 11763499
references.citation: J Immunol. 1995 Jul 1;155(1):236-43
references.pmid: 7602100
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1984 Nov 13;307(1131):171-7
references.pmid: 6151681
references.citation: J Immunol. 1997 Oct 1;159(7):3400-11
references.pmid: 9317139
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2000 Apr;68(4):2102-9
references.pmid: 10722607
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Feb 17;1104(1):226-32
references.pmid: 1550849
references.citation: Vaccine. 2015 Aug 26;33(36):4630-8
references.pmid: 26141014
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2000 Jun 30;476(1-2):84-8
references.pmid: 10878256
references.citation: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 3:37-42
references.pmid: 1343716
references.citation: Vaccine. 1999 Apr 23;17(17):2136-41
references.pmid: 10367946
references.citation: Nat Med. 1998 May;4(5 Suppl):520-4
references.pmid: 9585203
references.citation: Cell Immunol. 1976 Aug;25(2):137-51
references.pmid: 782728
references.citation: Chem Immunol. 2002;80:125-43
references.pmid: 12058636
references.citation: Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1992 Feb;50(2):307-15
references.pmid: 1741018
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Mar 19;392(6673):245-52
references.pmid: 9521319
references.citation: Vaccine. 2000 Mar 6;18(17):1847-54
references.pmid: 10699333
references.citation: Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 1999 Jun;8(6):797-805
references.pmid: 15992132
references.citation: J Control Release. 2012 Aug 20;162(1):242-54
references.pmid: 22564369
references.citation: Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1982 Jul;102 (pt 2):225-6
references.pmid: 6963513
references.citation: Pharm Res. 2002 Mar;19(3):229-38
references.pmid: 11934227