title: Mangiferin ameliorates Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis by inhibiting phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB and Janus kinase 1-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mangiferin is a natural polyphenol compound with anti-inflammatory properties. However, there have been few reports on the effect of mangiferin on periodontitis. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of this compound on experimental periodontitis and the underlying mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were inoculated with Porphyromonas gingivalis to induce periodontitis, and treated with mangiferin orally (50 mg/kg bodyweight, once a day) for 8 wk. Then, the alveolar bone loss was examined using a scanning electronic microscope. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase 1-signal transducer and activator of adhesion (JAK1-STAT) pathways in the gingival epithelium were detected using western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that mice with periodontitis exhibited greater alveolar bone loss, stronger expression of TNF-α and higher phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and JAK1-STAT1/3 pathways in gingival epithelia, compared with control mice with no periodontitis. Moreover, treatment with mangiferin could significantly inhibit alveolar bone loss, TNF-α production and phosphorylation of NF-κB and JAK1-STAT1/3 pathways in gingival epithelia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mangiferin has anti-inflammatory effects on periodontitis, which is associated with its ability to down-regulate the phosphorylation of NF-κB and JAK1-STAT1/3 pathways in gingival epithelia.
authors.affiliation: Department of  Prosthodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of  Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin; D053613:Janus Kinase 1
keywords: gingival epithelium; mangiferin; periodontitis; phosphorylation