title: Muscle-type Identity of Proprioceptors Specified by Spatially Restricted Signals from Limb Mesenchyme.
abstract: The selectivity with which proprioceptive sensory neurons innervate their central and peripheral targets implies that they exhibit distinctions in muscle-type identity. The molecular correlates of proprioceptor identity and its origins remain largely unknown, however. In screens to define muscle-type proprioceptor character, we find all-or-none differences in gene expression for proprioceptors that control antagonistic muscles at a single hindlimb joint. Analysis of three of these genes, cadherin13 (cdh13), semaphorin5a (sema5a), and cartilage-acidic protein-1 (crtac1), reveals expression in proprioceptor subsets that supply muscle groups located at restricted dorsoventral and proximodistal domains of the limb. Genetically altering the dorsoventral character of the limb mesenchyme elicits a change in the profile of proprioceptor cdh13, sema5a, and crtac1 expression. These findings indicate that proprioceptors acquire aspects of their muscle-type identity in response to mesenchymal signals expressed in restricted proximodistal and dorsoventral domains of the developing limb.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poliak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Norovich
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sanes
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: tmj1@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Jessell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D005121:Extremities / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011434:Proprioception; D039961:Semaphorins / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C560339:Crtac1 protein, mouse; C099972:H-cadherin; C103619:Sema5A protein, mouse; D039961:Semaphorins
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