title: Advanced gastric cancer: What we know and what we still have to learn.
abstract: Gastric cancer is a common neoplastic disease and, more precisely, is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world, with differences amongst geographic areas. The definition of advanced gastric cancer is still debated. Different stadiating systems lead to slightly different stadiation of the disease, thus leading to variations between the single countries in the treatment and outcomes. In the present review all the possibilities of treatment for advanced gastric cancer have been analyzed. Surgery, the cornerstone of treatment for advanced gastric cancer, is analyzed first, followed by an investigation of the different forms and drugs of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. New frontiers in treatment suggest the growing consideration for intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutics and combination of traditional drugs with new ones. Moreover, the necessity to prevent the relapse of the disease leads to the consideration of administering intraperitoneal chemotherapy earlier in the therapeutical algorithm.
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coccolini
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montori
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceresoli
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cima
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Carla
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valli
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriela E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Nita
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heyer
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Catena
authors.affiliation: Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Gabriela E Nita, Luca Ansaloni, Department of General Surgery, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, 24127 Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ansaloni
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Advanced gastric cancer; Chemotherapy; Definition; Hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; Intraperitoneal; Surgery
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