title: Pyeloplasty in children: perioperative results and long-term outcomes of robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery compared to open surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A few studies have compared robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) with open pyeloplasty (OP) in children, but no previous study includes a long-term follow-up of renal function and hydronephrosis in combination with a thorough prospective follow-up of the RALP patients of at least 2 years.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze perioperative results and long-term outcome of children with obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction, operated on with RALP compared to OP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children ≤15 years operated on with RALP or OP from 2000 through 2013 were reviewed. Patient demographics, perioperative data, postoperative complications, and long-term outcome were evaluated. The outcome was based on pre- and postoperative examination of renal function, hydronephrosis and flank pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  129 pyeloplasties (84 OP, 39 RALP, 6 reoperations) on 123 patients were included. RALP had significantly longer operative time and shorter postoperative hospital stay, compared to OP. No difference was found in postoperative need of morphine or complication rates. Mean follow-up for RALP with ultrasound was 29 and 25 months with renal scan, compared to 34 and 28 months, respectively, for OP. The success rate for flank pain was 96 and 94 %, for hydronephrosis 93 and 95 %, and renal function 94 and 92 %, for RALP and OP, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RALP is a safe method, with advantages compared to OP, and with the same success rate. This study supports the use of RALP in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettsgatan 48, 221 85, Lund, Sweden. martin.salo@med.lu.se.|Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. martin.salo@med.lu.se.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salö
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettsgatan 48, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sjöberg Altemani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lasarettsgatan 48, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.|Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anderberg
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Outcome; Pyeloplasty; Robotics; Ureteropelvic obstruction
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