title: The Ethics of Sports Medicine Research.
abstract: This article explores the background and foundations of ethics in research. Some important documents and codes are mentioned, such as The Belmont Report and the International Conference of Harmonisation. Some influential historical events involving research ethics are recounted. The article provides a detailed discussion of the Declaration of Helsinki, which is considered the international standard for guidelines in medical research ethics. The most salient features of the Declaration are described and related to orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine. Some of the most controversial aspects of the Declaration are discussed, which helps examine contentious areas of research in sports medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL 60614, USA. Electronic address: robert.stewart@uchospitals.edu.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC3079, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reider
mesh_terms: D032984:Ethics, Research; D006381:Helsinki Declaration; D006801:Humans; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000941:ethics*
keywords: Declaration of Helsinki; Ethical controversies in research; Ethical guidelines for research; Research ethics; Sports medicine ethics