title: The Modulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Osteoclastogenesis.
abstract: The effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on bone formation has been extensively demonstrated through several in vitro and in vivo studies. However, few studies addressed the effect of MSCs on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Under physiological conditions, MSCs support osteoclastogenesis through producing the main osteoclastogenic cytokines, RANKL and M-CSF. However, during inflammation, MSCs suppress osteoclast formation and activity, partly via secretion of the key anti-osteoclastogenic factor, osteoprotegerin (OPG). In vitro, co-culture of MSCs with osteoclasts in the presence of high concentrations of osteoclast-inducing factors might reflect the in vivo inflammatory pathology and prompt MSCs to exert an osteoclastogenic suppressive effect. MSCs thus seem to have a dual effect, by stimulating or inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, depending on the inflammatory milieu. This effect of MSCs on osteoclast formation seems to mirror the effect of MSCs on other immune cells, and may be exploited for the therapeutic potential of MSCs in bone loss associated inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt; Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12411, Egypt.
authors.forename: Wessam E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Sharaf-Eldin
authors.affiliation: Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12411, Egypt; Stem Cells Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo 12411, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nourhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abu-Shahba
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt; Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12411, Egypt; Stem Cells Research Group, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo 12411, Egypt.
authors.forename: Marwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nagwa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El-Badri
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