title: Follow-up of atheroma burden with sequential whole body contrast enhanced MR angiography: a feasibility study.
abstract: Assess the feasibility of whole body magnetic resonance angiography (WB-MRA) for monitoring global atheroma burden in a population with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). 50 consecutive patients with symptomatic PAD referred for clinically indicated MRA were recruited. Whole body MRA (WB-MRA) was performed at baseline, 6 months and 3 years. The vasculature was split into 31 anatomical arterial segments. Each segment was scored according to degree of luminal narrowing: 0 = normal, 1 = <50 %, 2 = 50-70 %, 3 = 71-99 %, 4 = vessel occlusion. The score from all assessable segments was summed, and then normalised to the number of assessable vessels. This normalised score was divided by four (the maximum vessel score) and multiplied by 100 to give a final standardised atheroma score (SAS) with a score of 0-100. Progression was assessed with repeat measure ANOVA. 36 patients were scanned at 0 and 6 months, with 26 patients scanned at the 3 years follow up. Only those who completed all three visits were included in the final analysis. Baseline atherosclerotic burden was high with a mean SAS of 15.7 ± 10.3. No significant progression was present at 6 months (mean SAS 16.4 ± 10.5, p = 0.67), however there was significant disease progression at 3 years (mean SAS 17.7 ± 11.5, p = 0.01). Those with atheroma progression at follow-up were less likely to be on statin therapy (79 vs 100 %, p = 0.04), and had significantly higher baseline SAS (17.6 ± 11.2 vs 10.7 ± 5.1, p = 0.043). Follow up of atheroma burden is possible with WB-MRA, which can successfully quantify and monitor atherosclerosis progression at 3 years follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK. jweirmccall@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5842-842X
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Weir-McCall
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: NHS Tayside Clinical Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
authors.forename: Prasad G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Ramkumar
authors.affiliation: NHS Tayside Medical Physics, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Gandy
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
authors.forename: Faisel
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
authors.forename: Jill J F
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Belch
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
authors.forename: Allan D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Struthers
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Medicine, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.|NHS Tayside Clinical Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
authors.forename: J Graeme
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Houston
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; C072417:gadoterate meglumine
keywords: Atherosclerosis; Disease progression; Magnetic resonance angiography; Peripheral arterial disease; Whole-body imaging
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