title: Cyclic stretch enhances apoptosis in human lumbar ligamentum ﬂavum cells via the induction of reactive oxygen species generation.
abstract: The lumbar ligamentum ﬂavum (LF) is an important part of the spine to maintain the stability of the spine. In this study we aimed to examine whether mechanical force by cyclic stretch could induce apoptosis in human LF cells and investigate the underlying mechanism.
  
  
  
  LF cells were isolated from six young patients undergoing spinal surgery and then cultured in vitro. LF cells were subjected to cyclic stretch and the poptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase-9 activity were measured.
  
  
  
  Cyclic stretch at a frequency of 0.5 Hz with 20% elongation induced the apoptosis of human LF cells in vitro, and this was correlated with increased ROS generation and activation of caspase-9.
  
  
  
  Our study suggests that cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis in human LF cells may be mediated by ROS generation and the activation of caspase-9.
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Jianwei
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Zude
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Guibin
authors: G
authors: Zhong
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhanchun
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Lie
authors: L
authors: Qian
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Xinfeng
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Chen
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Lifeng
authors: L
authors: Lao
authors: a Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , People's Republic of China.
authors: Hantao
authors: H
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D017843:Ligamentum Flavum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D053453:Caspase 9
keywords: Apoptosis; Caspase-9; Cyclic stretch; Ligamentum ﬂavum; Reactive oxygen species