title: Modeling of Salmonella Contamination in the Pig Slaughterhouse.
abstract: In this article we present a model for Salmonella contamination of pig carcasses in the slaughterhouse. This model forms part of a larger QMRA (quantitative microbial risk assessment) on Salmonella in slaughter and breeder pigs, which uses a generic model framework that can be parameterized for European member states, to describe the entire chain from farm-to-consumption and the resultant human illness. We focus on model construction, giving mathematical formulae to describe Salmonella concentrations on individual pigs and slaughter equipment at different stages of the slaughter process. Variability among individual pigs and over slaughterhouses is incorporated using statistical distributions, and simulated by Monte Carlo iteration. We present the results over the various slaughter stages and show that such a framework is especially suitable to investigate the effect of various interventions. In this article we present the results of the slaughterhouse module for two case study member states. The model outcome represents an increase in average prevalence of Salmonella contamination and Salmonella numbers at dehairing and a decrease of Salmonella numbers at scalding. These results show good agreement when compared to several other QMRAs and microbiological studies.
authors: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors: A N
authors: AN
authors: Swart
authors: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors: E G
authors: EG
authors: Evers
authors: Department of Epidemiological Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK.
authors: R L L
authors: RL
authors: Simons
authors: Central Veterinary Institute, Part of Wageningen UR, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Swanenburg
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D005062:European Union; D000072480:Farms; D020387:Food Chain; D019649:Food Industry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D011336:Probability; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000382:microbiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013552:Swine
keywords: Pig; QMRA; Salmonella; slaughter