title: Motion correction and frequency stabilization for MRS of the human spinal cord.
abstract: Subject motion is challenging for MRS, because it can falsify results. For spinal cord MRS in particular, subject movement is critical, since even a small movement > 1 mm) can lead to a voxel shift out of the desired measurement region. Therefore, the identification of motion corrupted MRS scans is essential. In this investigation, MR navigators acquired simultaneously with the MRS data are used to identify a displacement of the spinal cord due to subject motion. It is shown that navigators are able to recognize substantial subject motion (>1 mm) without impairing the MRS measurement. In addition, navigators are easy to apply to the measurement, because no additional hardware and just a minor additional user effort are needed. Moreover, no additional scan time is required, because navigators can be applied in the deadtime of the MRS sequence. Furthermore, in this work, retrospective motion correction combined with frequency stabilization is presented by combining navigators with non-water-suppressed (1)H-MRS, resulting in an improved spectral quality of the spinal cord measurements.
authors: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Hock
authors: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Max Plank Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors: Anke
authors: A
authors: Henning
mesh_terms: D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009038:Motion; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D003401:Creatine
keywords: MRS; human spinal cord; motion detection; navigator