title: Consistency of Lower-Body Dimensions Using Surface Landmarks and Simple Measurement Tools.
abstract: Caia, J, Weiss, LW, Chiu, LZF, Schilling, BK, and Paquette, MR. Consistency of lower-body dimensions using surface landmarks and simple measurement tools. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2600-2608, 2016-Body dimensions may influence various types of physical performance. This study was designed to establish the reliability and precision of bilateral lower-body dimensions using surface anatomic landmarks and either sliding calipers or goniometry. Fifty university students (25 men and 25 women) were measured on 2 separate occasions separated by 48 or 72 hours. A small digital caliper was used to acquire longitudinal dimensions of the feet, whereas a larger broad-blade caliper was used to measure lower-limb, hip, and pelvic dimensions. Quadriceps angle (Q-angle) was determined through surface goniometry. Data for all foot and lower-limb dimensions were both reliable and precise (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ≥0.72, SEM 0.1-0.5 cm). Measures of Q-angle were also reliable and precise (ICC ≥0.85, SEM 0.2-0.4°). Findings from this investigation demonstrate that lower-body dimensions may be reliably and precisely measured through simple practical tests, when surface anatomic landmarks and standardized procedures are used. Although intertester reliability remains to be established, meticulous adherence to specific measurement protocols is likely to yield viable output for lower-body dimensions when more sophisticated methods are unavailable or inappropriate.
authors: 1School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; 2Musculoskeletal Analysis Laboratory, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee; and 3Neuromusculoskeletal Mechanics Research Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: Johnpaul
authors: J
authors: Caia
authors: Lawrence W
authors: LW
authors: Weiss
authors: Loren Z F
authors: LZ
authors: Chiu
authors: Brian K
authors: BK
authors: Schilling
authors: Max R
authors: MR
authors: Paquette
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D053587:Arthrometry, Articular; D061827:Dimensional Measurement Accuracy; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult