title: Associations between rule-based parenting practices and child screen viewing: A cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Child screen viewing (SV) is positively associated with poor health indicators. Interventions addressing rule-based parenting practices may offer an effective means of limiting SV. This study examined associations between rule-based parenting practices (limit and collaborative rule setting) and SV in 6-8-year old children.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online survey of 735 mothers in 2011 assessed: time that children spent engaged in SV activities; and the use of limit and collaborative rule setting. Logistic regression was used to examine the extent to which limit and collaborative rule setting were associated with SV behaviours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  'Always' setting limits was associated with more TV viewing, computer, smartphone and game-console use and a positive association was found between 'always' setting limits for game-console use and multi-SV (in girls). Associations were stronger in mothers of girls compared to mothers of boys. 'Sometimes' setting limits was associated with more TV viewing. There was no association between 'sometimes' setting limits and computer, game-console or smartphone use. There was a negative association between collaborative rule setting and game-console use in boys.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limit setting is associated with greater SV. Collaborative rule setting may be effective for managing boys' game-console use. More research is needed to understand rule-based parenting practices.
authors: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, United Kingdom.
authors: Joanna M
authors: JM
authors: Kesten
authors: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, United Kingdom.
authors: Simon J
authors: SJ
authors: Sebire
authors: School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, United Kingdom.
authors: Katrina M
authors: KM
authors: Turner
authors: Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Stewart-Brown
authors: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, United Kingdom.
authors: Georgina
authors: G
authors: Bentley
authors: Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TZ, United Kingdom.
authors: Russell
authors: R
authors: Jago
keywords: Child; Collaborative rule setting; Limit setting; Multi-screen viewing; Parenting practices; Screen viewing