title: Risk-reducing surgery on the uterine adnexa: timing and type of surgical treatment, and pathology report.
abstract: Inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase significantly the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers, and they have been associated with increased risks of developing other types of cancer. Although screening programs have been implemented in order to detect cancers at the early stage, they resulted ineffective. To date, risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy represents the only procedure allowing reducing the incidence of ovarian cancer and increasing survival among BRCA1 and -2 mutation carriers. In the present review we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages related to the execution of prophylactic surgery, thus underlying possible beneficial and detrimental effects of this kind of surgery in premenopausal women. Additionally, we will investigate further therapeutic strategies aimed to reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer, without affected patients' hormonal status.
authors: Gynecologic Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy - giorgio.bogani@istitutotumori.mi.it.
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Signorelli
authors: Giorgio
authors: G
authors: Bogani
authors: Antonino
authors: A
authors: Ditto
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Martinelli
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Chiappa
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Lopez
authors: Cono
authors: C
authors: Scaffa
authors: Domenica
authors: D
authors: Lorusso
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Raspagliesi
mesh_terms: D000290:Adnexa Uteri / Q000601:surgery; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D024682:BRCA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D009154:Mutation; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000379:methods*; D017697:Premenopause; D058994:Salpingectomy / Q000379:methods*; D013534:Survival; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein; C492913:BRCA1 protein, human; D024682:BRCA2 Protein; C551750:BRCA2 protein, human