title: Production of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B from callus culture of Salvia miltiorrhiza with cytotoxicity towards acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
abstract: Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) Bunge is one of the widely-used Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, the chemical constituents and anticancer potential of SM stems and leaves were examined with those of respective callus cultures. The callus culture for stem and leaf explants was initiated in modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Active constituents of respective extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with DAD and MS (HPLC-DAD-MS). Rosmarinic acid (RA) and salvianolic acid B (Sal B) were determined to be the main phenolic compounds. Quantitative analyses revealed that callus stem extracts produced higher amount of RA and Sal B (stem RA: 1.27±0.38%; stem Sal B: 0.87±0.20%) than callus leaf did (leaf RA: 0.28±0.02%; leaf Sal B: 0.07±0.03%). Stem and leaf callus extracts exerted cytotoxic effects towards CCRF-CEM cells (stem: 13.1±0.90 μg/ml; leaf: 18.1±0.33 μg/ml). As expected, stem extract with higher amount of RA and Sal B showed lower IC50 value than leaf extract. These findings suggest the possibility to isolate bioactive constituents with anticancer properties from in vitro callus cultures of stems and leaves of SM.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors: Ching-Fen
authors: CF
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Chemistry, Building of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
authors: Anastasia
authors: A
authors: Karioti
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
authors: Doris
authors: D
authors: Rohr
authors: Department of Chemistry, Building of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
authors: Anna Rita
authors: AR
authors: Bilia
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: efferth@uni-mainz.de.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Efferth
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000737:chemistry*; D053630:Depsides / Q000737:chemistry*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C076944:salvianolic acid B
keywords: CCRF-CEM cells; Callus culture; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Secondary metabolites