title: Is the chronic impact of sulfamethoxazole different for slow growing culture? The effect of culture history.
abstract: The study evaluated impact of sulfamethoxazole on acetate utilization kinetics and microbial community structure using respirometric analysis and pyrosequencing. A fill and draw reactor fed with acetate was sustained at a sludge age of 10 days. Acute impact was assessed by modeling of respirometric data in batch reactors started with sulfamethoxazole doses in the range of 25-200 mg/L. Fill and draw operation resumed with continuous sulfamethoxazole dosing of 50 mg/L and the chronic impact was evaluated with acclimated biomass after 20 days. Acute impact revealed higher maintenance energy requirements, activity reduction and slight substrate binding. Chronic impact resulted in retardation of substrate storage. A fraction of acetate was utilized at a much lower rate with partial biodegradation of sulfamethoxazole by the acclimated biomass. Pyrosequencing indicated that Amaricoccus sp. and an unclassified Bacteroidetes sp., possibly with the ability to co-metabolize sulfamethoxazole, dominated the community.
authors: Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: gkor@itu.edu.tr.
authors: Gokce
authors: G
authors: Kor-Bicakci
authors: Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ilke
authors: I
authors: Pala-Ozkok
authors: Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Aslihan
authors: A
authors: Ural
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115B, D-79106 Freiburg i.Br, Germany.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Jonas
authors: Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey; ENVIS Energy and Environmental Systems Research Development Ltd., ITU Arı Teknokent, Arı 1 Building, 16, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Derin
authors: D
authors: Orhon
authors: Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Emine
authors: E
authors: Ubay-Cokgor
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D046508:Culture Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000187:drug effects*; D012722:Sewage; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D012722:Sewage; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole
keywords: 454-Pyrosequencing; Biodegradation; Inhibitory impact; Process modeling; Sulfamethoxazole