title: Impact of protein-rich meals on glycaemic response of rice.
abstract: Asians typically consume carbohydrate-rich and high-glycaemic-index diets that have been associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Rice is rarely eaten alone such that it is of interest to investigate the effects of co-ingesting different protein-rich meals with rice on insulin and glycaemic response. This study had a randomised, controlled, non-blind, cross-over design in which fifteen healthy Chinese male participants were required to come on non-consecutive days. Five rice-based test meals were served: rice alone (control), rice with fish (RWF), rice with egg white (RWE), rice with soya beancurd (taukwa) (RWT) and rice with chicken (RWC). The control meal consisted of 50 g of available carbohydrate, whereas all other test meals contained additional 25 g of protein. RWT was the only meal that showed significantly lower glucose response when compared with the control (P<0·05). RWF and RWE had significantly higher insulin response, but no significant increase was observed in RWT and RWC when compared with the control (P<0·05). RWT and RWF showed significantly higher glucagon secretion as compared with the control (P<0·05). The four test meals studied showed varying effects, with RWT showing the greatest reduction in glycaemic response. Therefore, the ingestion of soya beancurd with rice may have a direct impact on reducing the risk in Asians transiting from being pre-diabetics to diabetics.
authors: 1Clinical Nutrition Research Centre,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences,14 Medical Drive,Singapore 117599,Singapore.
authors: Rina
authors: R
authors: Quek
authors: 1Clinical Nutrition Research Centre,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences,14 Medical Drive,Singapore 117599,Singapore.
authors: Xinyan
authors: X
authors: Bi
authors: 1Clinical Nutrition Research Centre,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences,14 Medical Drive,Singapore 117599,Singapore.
authors: Christiani Jeyakumar
authors: CJ
authors: Henry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D002681:China; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004529:Egg White; D005399:Fishes; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D012275:Oryza; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D045730:Soy Foods
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D005934:Glucagon
keywords: BCAA branched chain amino acids; Blood glucose; EAA essential amino acids; GR glycaemic response; IR insulin response; Metabolic effects; Protein-rich meals; RWE rice with egg white; RWF rice with fish; RWT rice with soya beancurd (taukwa); Rice; T2D type 2 diabetes; iAUC incremental AUC