title: Evaluation of the Etiologies of Implant Fracture in Patients With Fractures of the Implants of Lower Limbs' Long Bones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Orthopedics implants are important tools for treatment of bone fractures. Despite available recommendations for designing and making the implants, there are multiple cases of fracture of these implants in the body. Hence, in this study the frequency of failure of implants in long bones of lower extremities was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, two types of fractured implants in the body were analyzed and underwent metalogical, mechanical, and modeling and stress-bending analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that the main cause of fractures was decreased mechanical resistance due to inappropriate chemical composition (especially decreased percentages of Nickel and Molybdenum).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It may be concluded that following the standard chemical composition and use of optimal making method are the most important works for prevention of failure of implants.
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Yeganeh
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Babak
authors: B
authors: Otoukesh
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Germany.
authors: Peyman
authors: P
authors: Kaghazian
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Nima
authors: N
authors: Yeganeh
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Bahram
authors: B
authors: Boddohi
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Moghtadaei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011475:Prosthesis Failure / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Implant; Optical Metallography; Quantometry; SEM