title: Effect of Tyrosol and Farnesol on Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
abstract: Mixed-species biofilms could create a protected environment that allows for survival to external antimicrobials and allows different bacterial-fungal interactions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Candida albicans coexistence is an example for such mixed-species community. Numerous reports demonstrated how P. aeruginosa or its metabolites could influence the growth, morphogenesis, and virulence of C. albicans. In this study, we investigated how the C. albicans quorum sensing compounds, tyrosol and farnesol, might affect Egyptian clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa regarding growth, antibiotic sensitivity, and virulence. We could demonstrate that tyrosol possesses an antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa (10 µM inhibited more than 50% of growth after 16 h cultivation). Moreover, we could show for the first time that tyrosol strongly inhibits the production of the virulence factors hemolysin and protease in P. aeruginosa, whereas farnesol inhibits, to lower extent, hemolysin production in this bacterial pathogen. Cumulatively, tyrosol is expected to strongly affect P. aeruginosa in mixed microbial biofilm.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors: Shaymaa Hassan
authors: SH
authors: Abdel-Rhman
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Areej Mostafa
authors: AM
authors: El-Mahdy
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
authors: Mohammed
authors: M
authors: El-Mowafy
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D005204:Farnesol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; D005204:Farnesol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol