title: Motivation for Psychotherapy and Illness Beliefs in Turkish Immigrant Inpatients in Germany: Results of a Cultural Comparison Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some immigrant populations, for instance, Turkish immigrants, suffer from worse mental health than the general population. Moreover, psychotherapeutic treatment does not work well in this group. This might be explained by lower motivation for psychotherapy and particular illness beliefs as important early predictors of treatment outcome. We investigate differences in these predictors between Turkish immigrant inpatients and inpatients without a migration background and evaluate whether particular illness beliefs have a negative impact on motivation for psychotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Turkish immigrant inpatients and inpatients without a migration background (N = 100), suffering from depressive disorder, somatoform disorder, and/or adjustment disorder, completed questionnaires assessing motivation for psychotherapy, depressive and somatic symptoms, illness perception, illness-related locus of control, and causal illness attributions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite a higher symptom burden, motivation for psychotherapy was lower in Turkish immigrant inpatients than in inpatients without a migration background (d = 0.54). This was fully explained by stronger beliefs in supernatural causes of illness and higher fatalistic-external illness-related locus of control in the Turkish immigrant sample (mediation analysis; R (2) = 0.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Turkish immigrants believe in supernatural or fatalistic causes of illness and fatalistic-external locus of control to a greater extent than German inpatients without a migration background. These beliefs reduce motivation for psychotherapy and need to be addressed in psychotherapeutic treatment in order to secure positive treatment outcomes.
authors: Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany. hanna.reich@staff.uni-marburg.de.
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Reich
authors: Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
authors: Luisa
authors: L
authors: Bockel
authors: Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
authors: Ricarda
authors: R
authors: Mewes
mesh_terms: D000275:Adjustment Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D011613:Psychotherapy; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Affective disorders; Illness beliefs; Motivation for psychotherapy; Somatoform disorders; Turkish immigrants