title: Food restriction during pregnancy alters brain's antioxidant network in dams and their offspring.
abstract: Dietary restriction increases life span and protects distinct organisms against a series of diseases, among which, those related to oxidative stress, like neurodegenerative diseases. Interferences in the maternal environment are known to reprogram the offspring metabolism response, impacting in the risk of chronic diseases development in adulthood. We aimed to assess the effects of 40% food restriction on reactive species levels, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses, and oxidative damage parameters in the cerebellum and total cerebral cortex of pregnant rats and their offspring. Dams and pups showed oxidative modulation caused by food restriction in both structures. Dichlorofluorescein oxidation, reflecting reactive species levels, was reduced in the cerebellum of dams and offspring, while the cerebral cortex was not affected. Decreased mitochondrial superoxide levels were found in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex of pups, while nitric oxide was increased in the cortex. We also measured the activities of important antioxidant enzymes responsible by reactive oxygen species elimination. Superoxide dismutase activity was increased in the cerebellum of dams and in both structures of pups, while it was decreased in dams' cerebral cortex. Both brain structures were affected concerning to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutaredoxin activities, which were reduced in pups and dams. Non-enzymatic defenses were decreased in pups, while dams showed an adaptive pattern in the cerebellum and no alteration in the cerebral cortex. Even though the results suggest increased oxidative status, lipids and proteins were not oxidatively affected. Our data suggest that intrauterine food restriction may disrupt oxidative status, impairing the antioxidant network.
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;|b Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Vinícius
authors: V
authors: Stone
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;|b Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Pauline M
authors: PM
authors: August
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Daniela P
authors: DP
authors: Stocher
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;|b Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Caroline P
authors: CP
authors: Klein
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Pablo R G
authors: PR
authors: Couto
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Yasmini D
authors: YD
authors: Silva
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: João P
authors: JP
authors: Sagini
authors: c Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Biociências , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Tiago B
authors: TB
authors: Salomon
authors: c Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Biociências , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;|d Departamento de Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors: Mara S
authors: MS
authors: Benfato
authors: a Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;|b Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul . Rua Ramiro Barcelos , Alegre , Brazil ;
authors: Cristiane
authors: C
authors: Matté
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; brain; dietary restriction; intrauterine; oxidative stress