title: Hepatitis-related stigma in chronic patients: A qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis is one of health problems throughout the world. It has numerous consequences on patients' life. Stigma, depression, social marginalization and financial problems are some of the challenges in these patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine hepatitis-related stigma and discrimination in patients living with chronic hepatitis in Iranian society.
  
  
  METHODS
  This present study was designed as a qualitative method, and this article shows up the results of a qualitative research study undertaken with patients living with hepatitis in Iran. The study uses a content analysis method. A purposive sample of 18 patients was chosen. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and field note that the researchers will take during participants' observation. Data analysis process was performed on the texts which were generated from verbatim transcripts of the participants interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were between 18 and 61 years old. The main theme, Stigma, emerged from three themes during the process data analysis in this study. These themes were including fear to lose of family and social support, fear to present in public and fear of transmission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This research indicates that stigma presents major challenges not only for patients living with chronic hepatitis but also for nurses, other healthcare practitioners, family and social networks, institutions and society. The researcher suggests that interventions to reduce or eliminate stigma should require individual, structural, cultural thought, society and systemic changes.
authors: Department of Medical-Surgical, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran, 8815713471. Electronic address: alihassanpourdehkordi@gmail.com.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: HassanpourDehkordi
authors: Department of Critical Care Nursing, Center for Nursing Care Research, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran, 1996713883. Electronic address: nooredin.mohammadi@iums.ac.ir.
authors: Nooredin
authors: N
authors: Mohammadi
authors: Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran, 1419733171. Electronic address: nikbakht@tums.ac.ir.
authors: Alireza
authors: A
authors: NikbakhatNasrabadi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057545:Social Stigma; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chronic hepatitis; Discrimination; Qualitative study; Stigma