title: Zika Virus Associated with Microcephaly.
abstract: A widespread epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was reported in 2015 in South and Central America and the Caribbean. A major concern associated with this infection is the apparent increased incidence of microcephaly in fetuses born to mothers infected with ZIKV. In this report, we describe the case of an expectant mother who had a febrile illness with rash at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy while she was living in Brazil. Ultrasonography performed at 29 weeks of gestation revealed microcephaly with calcifications in the fetal brain and placenta. After the mother requested termination of the pregnancy, a fetal autopsy was performed. Micrencephaly (an abnormally small brain) was observed, with almost complete agyria, hydrocephalus, and multifocal dystrophic calcifications in the cortex and subcortical white matter, with associated cortical displacement and mild focal inflammation. ZIKV was found in the fetal brain tissue on reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay, with consistent findings on electron microscopy. The complete genome of ZIKV was recovered from the fetal brain.
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Jernej
authors: J
authors: Mlakar
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Misa
authors: M
authors: Korva
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Nataša
authors: N
authors: Tul
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Mara
authors: M
authors: Popović
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Mateja
authors: M
authors: Poljšak-Prijatelj
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Jerica
authors: J
authors: Mraz
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Marko
authors: M
authors: Kolenc
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Katarina
authors: K
authors: Resman Rus
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Tina
authors: T
authors: Vesnaver Vipotnik
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Vesna
authors: V
authors: Fabjan Vodušek
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Alenka
authors: A
authors: Vizjak
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Jože
authors: J
authors: Pižem
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Miroslav
authors: M
authors: Petrovec
authors: From the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (J. Mlakar, M. Popović, J. Mraz, A.V., J.P.), and the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine (M. Korva, M.P.-P., M. Kolenc, K.R.R., M. Petrovec, T.A.Z.), University of Ljubljana, and the Department of Perinatology, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (N.T., V.F.V.), and the Institute of Radiology (T.V.V.), University Medical Center Ljubljana - all in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors: Tatjana
authors: T
authors: Avšič Županc
mesh_terms: D000032:Abortion, Therapeutic; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D000071244:Zika Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000071243:Zika Virus Infection / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000635:transmission