title: Synergistic Effect of Anti-Angiogenic and Radiation Therapy: Quantitative Evaluation with Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MR Imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the effects of anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT) on radiation therapy (RT), evaluating the tumor growth and perfusion patterns on dynamic contrast enhanced MR (DCE-MR) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen nude mice with heterotopic xenograft cancer of human lung cancer cell line were used. To observe the interval change of the tumor size and demonstrate the time-signal intensity enhancement curve of the tumor, the mice were subdivided into four groups: control (n = 2), AAT (n = 2), RT (n = 5), and combined therapy (AART, n = 4). DCE-MR images were taken four weeks after treatment. Perfusion parameters were obtained based on the Brix model. To compare the interval size changes in the RT group with those in the AART group, repeated measures ANOVA was used. Perfusion parameters in both the RT and AART groups were compared using a Mann-Whitney U test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor growth was more suppressed in AART group than in the other groups. Control group showed the rapid wash-in and wash-out pattern on DCE-MR images. In contrast to RT group with delayed and prolonged enhancement, both AAT and AART groups showed the rapid wash-in and plateau pattern. The signal intensity in the plateau/time to peak enhancement (P<0.016) and the maximum enhancement ratio (P<0.016) of AART group were higher than those of RT group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AART showed synergistic effects in anticancer treatment. The pattern of the time-intensity curve on the DCE-MR images in each group implies that AAT might help maintain the perfusion in the cancer of AART group.
authors: Research Institute of Radiology and Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyun Jung
authors: HJ
authors: Koo
authors: Research Institute of Radiology and Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Myoungsun
authors: M
authors: Lee
authors: Research Institute of Radiology and Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.|Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Chul Woong
authors: CW
authors: Woo
authors: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seong-Yun
authors: SY
authors: Jeong
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Eun Kyung
authors: EK
authors: Choi
authors: Research Institute of Radiology and Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Namkug
authors: N
authors: Kim
authors: Research Institute of Radiology and Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin Seong
authors: JS
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000637:transplantation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D000077210:Sunitinib; D013848:Thigh; D016042:Transplantation, Heterotopic; D047368:Tumor Burden; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D003287:Contrast Media; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D000077210:Sunitinib