title: Three-dimensional imaging: a novel, valid, and reliable technique for measuring wound surface area.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of a novel three-dimensional imaging technique using Artec MHT™3D Scanner for measuring the wound surface area.
  
  
  METHODS
  The validity was tested by measuring the surface area of 60 stickers (gold standard) on 20 volunteers. Stickers with standardized areas of 2590, 7875, and 15,540 mm2were applied on the thorax, forearm, and thigh, respectively. For the reliability test, 58 burn wounds on 48 patients were assessed twice by two different observers with the Artec MHT™3D Scanner. Scanning, post-processing, and surface area measurements were performed by two clinicians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results for the validity analysis showed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.99 and coefficient of variation of the thorax, forearm, and thigh were 1.1%, 0.9%, and 0.6%, respectively. The reliability analysis showed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.99, a coefficient of variation of 6.3%, and limits of agreement between measurements of two observers were calculated at 0 ± 0.17 × mean surface area.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional imaging using the Artec MHT™3D Scanner is a valid and reliable method for measuring the wound surface area.
authors: Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. zrashaan@rkz.nl.|Burn Center Beverwijk, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, the Netherlands. zrashaan@rkz.nl.
authors: Z M
authors: ZM
authors: Rashaan
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|The MOVE Research Institute, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors: C M
authors: CM
authors: Stekelenburg
authors: The MOVE Research Institute, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|Associations of Dutch Burn Centers, Beverwijk, the Netherlands.
authors: M B A
authors: MB
authors: van der Wal
authors: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Euser
authors: Burn Center Beverwijk, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, the Netherlands.
authors: B J M
authors: BJ
authors: Hagendoorn
authors: Burn Center Beverwijk, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, the Netherlands.|Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.|The MOVE Research Institute, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors: P P M
authors: PP
authors: van Zuijlen
authors: Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.|Burn Center Beverwijk, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, the Netherlands.|Associations of Dutch Burn Centers, Beverwijk, the Netherlands.
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Breederveld
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002056:Burns / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012867:Skin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: feasibility; reliability; three-dimensional imaging; validity; wound surface area