title: Country Ownership And Gavi Transition: Comprehensive Approaches To Supporting New Vaccine Introduction.
abstract: Since the mid-2000s low- and lower-middle-income countries have been focusing on developing and using evidence for immunization policy making, with an increasing emphasis on cost-effectiveness analysis, program costing, and financial flows-particularly for the introduction of newer, more expensive vaccines. While this is critical to informing decisions, countries still need to increase national immunization investment and explore innovative approaches to augment financing of immunization programs. The need for increased financing is especially strong in countries transitioning from support by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. With increased fiscal space to finance health and immunization programs as a result of improved economic performance, low- and lower-middle-income countries can reach the health status enjoyed by wealthier nations within a generation. However, new strategies and approaches related to domestic resources for immunization programs are needed to achieve this goal. Governments will need to increase their investments and modify existing external immunization financing arrangements if country ownership of immunization programs and the full promise of new vaccines are to be realized.
authors: Angela K. Shen (angela.shen@hhs.gov) is a senior science policy adviser in the National Vaccine Program Office of the Department of Health and Human Services, in Washington, D.C. This work was performed when she was a senior adviser for vaccines and immunizations at the US Agency for International Development.
authors: Angela K
authors: AK
authors: Shen
authors: Jonathan M. Weiss is a finance manager in the Supply Division of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) in Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Jonathan M
authors: JM
authors: Weiss
authors: Jon Kim Andrus is executive vice president of the Sabin Vaccine Institute, in Washington, D.C.
authors: Jon Kim
authors: JK
authors: Andrus
authors: Clint Pecenka is a health economist at PATH, in Seattle, Washington.
authors: Clint
authors: C
authors: Pecenka
authors: Deborah Atherly is director of health economics and outcomes research at PATH.
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Atherly
authors: Katherine Taylor is a deputy assistant administrator in the Bureau for Global Health, US Agency for International Development.
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Taylor
authors: Michael McQuestion is director of the Sustainable Immunization Financing Program at the Sabin Vaccine Institute.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: McQuestion
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003906:Developing Countries; D005380:Financing, Government; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000191:economics*; D010067:Ownership; D014612:Vaccines / Q000191:economics*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: Country ownership; New vaccine introduction; Public Health; Vaccination financing; Vaccine financing