title: Secondhand smoke exposure at home among one billion children in 21 countries: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS).
abstract: Children are vulnerable to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure because of limited control over their indoor environment. Homes remain the major place where children may be exposed to SHS. Our study examines the magnitude, patterns and determinants of SHS exposure in the home among children in 21 countries (19 low-income and middle-income countries and 2 high-income countries).
  
  
  
  Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data, a household survey of people 15 years of age or older. Data collected during 2009-2013 were analysed to estimate the proportion of children exposed to SHS in the home. GATS estimates and 2012 United Nations population projections for 2015 were also used to estimate the number of children exposed to SHS in the home.
  
  
  
  The proportion of children younger than 15 years of age exposed to SHS in the home ranged from 4.5% (Panama) to 79.0% (Indonesia). Of the approximately one billion children younger than 15 years of age living in the 21 countries under study, an estimated 507.74 million were exposed to SHS in the home. China, India, Bangladesh, Indonesia and the Philippines accounted for almost 84.6% of the children exposed to SHS. The prevalence of SHS exposure was higher in countries with higher adult smoking rates and was also higher in rural areas than in urban areas, in most countries.
  
  
  
  A large number of children were exposed to SHS in the home. Encouraging of voluntary smoke-free rules in homes and cessation in adults has the potential to reduce SHS exposure among children and prevent SHS-related diseases and deaths.
authors: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Smoking and Health, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: Lazarous
authors: L
authors: Mbulo
authors: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Smoking and Health, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: Krishna Mohan
authors: KM
authors: Palipudi
authors: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Smoking and Health, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Andes
authors: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Smoking and Health, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: Jeremy
authors: J
authors: Morton
authors: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Smoking and Health, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors: Rizwan
authors: R
authors: Bashir
authors: Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: Heba
authors: H
authors: Fouad
authors: Regional Office for Africa, World Health Organization, Brazzaville, Congo.
authors: Nivo
authors: N
authors: Ramanandraibe
authors: Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, Washington DC, USA.
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Caixeta
authors: Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Rula Cavaco
authors: RC
authors: Dias
authors: Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Trudy M A
authors: TM
authors: Wijnhoven
authors: Regional Office for the Western Pacific, World Health Organization, Manila, Philippines.
authors: Mina
authors: M
authors: Kashiwabara
authors: Regional Office for South-East Asia, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India.
authors: Dhirendra N
authors: DN
authors: Sinha
authors: Tobacco Free Initiative, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors: Edouard
authors: E
authors: Tursan d'Espaignet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014943:Global Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: Global health; Secondhand smoke; Surveillance and monitoring