title: HMGB1, S100 proteins and other RAGE ligands in cancer - markers, mediators and putative therapeutic targets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Activation of RAGE due to its increased expression in cancer cells or its stimulation by multiple ligands (AGEs, HMGB1, S100 proteins, etc.) may contribute to the proliferation, invasiveness of tumor cells and formation of distant metastases and also to the resistance of cancer to treatment. RAGE ligands could thus become both useful markers of disease severity and its outcome and, a potential therapeutic target.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better understanding of the role of RAGE activation in different types of cancer may help to define the role of ligand/RAGE antagonists as promising cancer treatment.
authors: Department of Oncology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Petra
authors: P
authors: Tesarova
authors: Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Kalousova
authors: Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Tomas
authors: T
authors: Zima
authors: Department of Nephrology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Tesar
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D008024:Ligands; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D009418:S100 Proteins
keywords: HMGB1; RAGE; S100 proteins; advanced glycation end products; cancer; metastasis