title: The Daiokanzoto (TJ-84) Kampo Formulation Reduces Virulence Factor Gene Expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Possesses Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Protease Activities.
abstract: Kampo formulations used in Japan to treat a wide variety of diseases and to promote health are composed of mixtures of crude extracts from the roots, bark, leaves, and rhizomes of a number of herbs. The present study was aimed at identifying the beneficial biological properties of Daiokanzoto (TJ-84), a Kampo formulation composed of crude extracts of Rhubarb rhizomes and Glycyrrhiza roots, with a view to using it as a potential treatment for periodontal disease. Daiokanzoto dose-dependently inhibited the expression of major Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence factors involved in host colonization and tissue destruction. More specifically, Daiokanzoto reduced the expression of the fimA, hagA, rgpA, and rgpB genes, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The U937-3xκB-LUC monocyte cell line transfected with a luciferase reporter gene was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of Daiokanzoto. Daiokanzoto attenuated the P. gingivalis-mediated activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. It also reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and CXCL8) by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated oral epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts. Lastly, Daiokanzoto, dose-dependently inhibited the catalytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (-1 and -9). In conclusion, the present study provided evidence that Daiokanzoto shows potential for treating and/or preventing periodontal disease. The ability of this Kampo formulation to act on both bacterial pathogens and the host inflammatory response, the two etiological components of periodontal disease, is of high therapeutic interest.
authors: Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
authors: Jade
authors: J
authors: Fournier-Larente
authors: Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
authors: Jabrane
authors: J
authors: Azelmat
authors: Department of Oral Health Science and Social Welfare, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors: Masami
authors: M
authors: Yoshioka
authors: Department of Hygiene and Oral Health Science, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Hinode
authors: Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Grenier
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D029882:Glycyrrhiza uralensis; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D020835:Medicine, Kampo / Q000379:methods*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012250:Rheum / Q000737:chemistry*; D029045:Rhus; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020298:U937 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D037521:Virulence Factors; C000609141:daiokanzoto; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9