title: Evaluation of Cytogenetic and Genotoxic Effects of Oxalic Acid by the Alkaline Comet Assay and QRT PCR in Human Buccal Epithelial Cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of oxalic acid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Buccal epithelial cells were obtained and cells were suspended in phosphate buffered saline. Increasing amounts of oxalic acids were added to cell suspensions and incubated in 37 degrees C, 5% CO2 for 30 minutes. Comets were scored using a computer-based image analysis system, and tail moments were taken as a measure of DNA damage. The transcriptional changes of HIPK2, GADD45A, DDB2, p53, PCNA, NBS1, and MDM2 genes were also investigated by qRT-PCR using B2M and GAPDH genes as references.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that DNA damage occurred in parallel with increasing amounts of oxalic acid according to tail moment measurements, and also expressions of the selected genes have increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that along with increasing amounts of oxalic acid, cell damage was detected, and both comet assay and expression of the selected genes can be used in the assessment of the damage caused by oxalic acid.
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Unlu
authors: Emel
authors: E
authors: Saglar
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000737:chemistry; D020552:Comet Assay / Q000379:methods; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D019815:Oxalic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D019815:Oxalic Acid