title: Clonal complex 398 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections are associated with high mortality.
abstract: Within the last decade, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus belonging to clonal complex 398 (CC398) has become a worldwide threat associated with livestock. More recently, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) belonging to CC398 have been increasingly reported as a cause of invasive infections in patients without livestock contact. We investigated risk factors associated with CC398 bloodstream infections (BSIs) compared with non-CC398 BSIs with a case-control study in a French university Hospital. From January 2010 to December 2014, nonduplicate Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolates responsible for BSIs in adult patient were typed to identify those belonging to CC398. Each adult patient with a CC398 SA BSI (cases) was matched with 2 non-CC398 SA BSI controls randomly selected on the basis of the time at risk, the unit of hospitalization and susceptibility to methicillin. We retrospectively extracted the clinical information from electronic medical records and used conditional logistic regression for univariate and multivariate analyses. We identified 67 CC398 isolates among the 770 SA responsible for BSI in adult patients. All CC398 isolates were susceptible to methicillin. The proportion of CC398 among MSSA increased steadily from 4.6% in 2010 to 15.1% in 2013 and then stabilized at 13.8% in 2014. Factors significantly associated with CC398 MSSA BSIs were healthcare-associated infection (odds ratio (OR) 3.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-7.63), history of neurologic disease (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.13-5.65) and 30-day mortality (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.23-4.85).
authors: Maladies infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France. Electronic address: kbouiller@chu-besancon.fr.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Bouiller
authors: Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France; UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté/CNRS, Besançon, France.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Gbaguidi-Haore
authors: Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France; UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté/CNRS, Besançon, France.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Hocquet
authors: Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France; UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté/CNRS, Besançon, France.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Cholley
authors: Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France; UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté/CNRS, Besançon, France.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Bertrand
authors: Maladies infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France; Hygiène hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Besançon, France; UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté/CNRS, Besançon, France.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Chirouze
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058889:Molecular Typing; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008712:Methicillin
keywords: CC398; Case–control study; MSSA; human ST398; mortality