title: Rosmarinic acid inhibits some metabolic enzymes including glutathione S-transferase, lactoperoxidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes.
abstract: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenol contained in many aromatic plants with promising biological activities. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are widespread and intensively studied metalloenzymes present in higher vertebrates. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) is intimately associated with the normal neurotransmission by catalysing the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to acetate and choline and acts in combination with butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) to remove acetylcholine from the synaptic cleft. Lactoperoxidase (LPO) is an enzyme involved in fighting pathogenic microorganisms, whereas glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are dimeric proteins present both in prokaryotic and in eukaryotic organisms and involved in cellular detoxification mechanisms. In the present study, the inhibition effects of rosmarinic acid on tumour-associated carbonic anhydrase IX and XII isoenzymes, AChE, BChE, LPO and GST enzymes were evaluated. Rosmarinic acid inhibited these enzymes with Kis in the range between micromolar to picomolar. The best inhibitory effect of rosmarinic acid was observed against both AChE and BChE.
authors: a Department of Chemistry , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey .|b Department of Zoology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia .
authors: İlhami
authors: İ
authors: Gülçin
authors: c Dipartimento Di Chimica Ugo Schiff, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze , via Della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze) , Italy .
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Scozzafava
authors: c Dipartimento Di Chimica Ugo Schiff, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze , via Della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze) , Italy .|d Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze , via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy .
authors: Claudiu T
authors: CT
authors: Supuran
authors: a Department of Chemistry , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Zeynep
authors: Z
authors: Koksal
authors: e Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University , Igdır , Turkey , and.
authors: Fikret
authors: F
authors: Turkan
authors: a Department of Chemistry , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Songül
authors: S
authors: Çetinkaya
authors: a Department of Chemistry , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey .
authors: Zeynebe
authors: Z
authors: Bingöl
authors: f Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Medical, Yüzüncü Yıl University , Van , Turkey.
authors: Zübeyir
authors: Z
authors: Huyut
authors: b Department of Zoology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia .
authors: Saleh H
authors: SH
authors: Alwasel
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects*; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000187:drug effects*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053630:Depsides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007784:Lactoperoxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007784:Lactoperoxidase; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase; butyrylcholinesterase; carbonic anhydrase; glutathione S-transferase; lactoperoxidase; rosmarinic acid