title: The Cannabinoid CB1/CB2 Agonist WIN55212.2 Promotes Oligodendrocyte Differentiation In Vitro and Neuroprotection During the Cuprizone-Induced Central Nervous System Demyelination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different types of insults to the CNS lead to axon demyelination. Remyelination occurs when the CNS attempts to recover from myelin loss and requires the activation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. With the rationale that CB1 receptor is expressed in oligodendrocytes and marijuana consumption alters CNS myelination, we study the effects of the cannabinoid agonist WIN55212.2 in (1) an in vitro model of oligodendrocyte differentiation and (2) the cuprizone model for demyelination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The synthetic cannabinoid agonist WIN55212.2 at 1 μM increased the myelin basic protein mRNA and protein expression in vitro. During cuprizone-induced acute demyelination, the administration of 0.5 mg/kg WIN55212.2 confers more myelinated axons, increased the expression of retinoid X receptor alpha, and declined nogo receptor expression. Controversially, 1 mg/kg of the drug increased the number of demyelinated axons and reduced the expression of nerve growth factor inducible, calreticulin and myelin-related genes coupling specifically with a decrease in 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cannabinoid agonist WIN55212.2 promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro. Moreover, 0.5 mg/kg of the drug confers neuroprotection during cuprizone-induced demyelination, while 1 mg/kg aggravates the demyelination process.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.|Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Tomas-Roig
authors: Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Wirths
authors: Department of Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Gabriela
authors: G
authors: Salinas-Riester
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.|Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Ursula
authors: U
authors: Havemann-Reinecke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000473:pathology*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003471:Cuprizone / Q000633:toxicity*; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000187:drug effects*; D065808:Prepulse Inhibition / Q000187:drug effects; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D048588:Benzoxazines; D002614:Chelating Agents; D009025:Morpholines; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D009281:Naphthalenes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone; D003471:Cuprizone
keywords: Cuprizone; Demyelination; Endocannabinoid system; Neuroprotection; Oligodendrocyte