title: Angiogenesis in melanoma: an update with a focus on current targeted therapies.
abstract: Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in melanoma metastasis and progression. In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the prognostic and clinical significance of this phenomenon, and the development of molecular techniques has enabled us to achieve a better understanding of angiogenesis in melanoma. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge regarding angiogenesis in melanoma, including the pathophysiological, histological and immunohistochemical aspects of this phenomenon. We also review the molecular pathways involved in angiogenesis and the interplay between different components that might be manipulated in the future development of efficient targeted therapies. Recently developed targeted antiangiogenic therapies in clinical trials and included in the treatment of advanced-stage melanoma are also reviewed.
authors: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Jour
authors: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors: Doina
authors: D
authors: Ivan
authors: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors: Phyu P
authors: PP
authors: Aung
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors
keywords: ANGIOGENESIS; MELANOMA; MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY