title: Incidence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of mycobacterial diseases in transplant recipients.
abstract: The incidence, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease developed after transplantation (TPL) in transplant recipients were investigated retrospectively. Between 1996 and 2013, 7342 solid-organ transplantation and 1266 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were performed at a tertiary referral center in South Korea. Among them, TB and NTM disease developed in 130 and 22 patients, respectively. The overall incidence of TB was 257.4 cases/100 000 patient-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 215.1-305.7) and that of NTM disease was 42.7 cases/100 000 patient-years (95% CI, 26.8-64.7). The median interval from organ TPL to the development of mycobacterial disease was 8.5 months (95% CI, 6.3-11.4) in recipients with TB patients and 24.2 months (95% CI, 13.5-55.7) in those with NTM, respectively. Among NTM patients, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex was the most common causative organism, and nodular bronchiectatic type (77.8%) was the most frequent radiologic feature. Favorable treatment outcome was achieved in 83.7% (95% CI, 76.4-89.1) and 68.8% (95% CI, 44.4-85.8) of TB and NTM patients, respectively (P = 0.166). In conclusion, the overall incidence of TB was higher than that of NTM disease in transplant recipients and treatment outcomes were favorable in both drug-susceptible TB and NTM patients.
authors: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jung-Wan
authors: JW
authors: Yoo
authors: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Kyung-Wook
authors: KW
authors: Jo
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sung-Han
authors: SH
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sang-Oh
authors: SO
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jae Joong
authors: JJ
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Nephrology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Su-Kil
authors: SK
authors: Park
authors: Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Je-Hwan
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Duck Jong
authors: DJ
authors: Han
authors: Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Shin
authors: S
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: SeungGyu
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Tae Sun
authors: TS
authors: Shim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D066027:Transplant Recipients; D014180:Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: incidence; nontuberculous mycobacteria; transplantation; treatment outcomes; tuberculosis