title: Detecting Change over Time: A Comparison of the SLUMS Examination and the MMSE in Older Adults at Risk for Cognitive Decline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To directly compare the 1-year stability of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) examination score and correlate score changes with demographic variables, clinical factors, and functional domains.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 304 study participants was recruited from residential and clinical settings in Ohio. Follow-up assessments were administered after 1 year with a retention rate of 92% (n = 281). Functional domains included the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMSE and SLUMS scores correlated with each other (r = 0.65, P < 0.001) and with two functional measures, including the IADL (r = 0.27, r = 0.24, P < 0.001). However, the MMSE and SLUMS frequently placed the same subject into different categories. Rates of reversion and conversion varied between the two tests. The 1-year changes in MMSE raw score correlated with changes in three functional domains as well as age (P < 0.05), while SLUMS raw score changes did not correlate with any functional measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our large, longitudinal data set allowed us to compare the tests' stability, which differed between the SLUMS and MMSE. The MMSE may be more sensitive than the SLUMS to 1-year cognitive changes influencing functional abilities.
authors: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors: Molly
authors: M
authors: Howland
authors: Neurological and Behavioral Outcomes Center, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors: Curtis
authors: C
authors: Tatsuoka
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors: Kathleen A
authors: KA
authors: Smyth
authors: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Neurological and Behavioral Outcomes Center, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.|Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors: Martha
authors: M
authors: Sajatovic
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Dementia; Geriatric assessment; Mild cognitive impairment; Mini-Mental State Examination; Saint Louis University Mental Status