title: Antifungal activity of plant-derived essential oils on Candida tropicalis planktonic and biofilms cells.
abstract: Dental prosthesis supports Candida species growth and may predispose the oral cavity to lesions. C. tropicalis has emerged as a colonizer of prosthesis and has shown resistance to clinically used antifungal agents, which has increased the search for new antifungals. This work describes the effectiveness of fifteen essential oils (EOs) against C. tropicalis The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and were chemically characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antifungal activities of the EOs were evaluated by the microdilution method and showed that Pelargonium graveolens (Geraniaceae) (PG-EO) was the most effective oil. Geraniol and linalool were the major constituents of PG-EO. The 2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide (XTT) assay showed that all the clinical C. tropicalis strains formed viable biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy examination of the biofilms revealed a complex architecture with basal layer of yeast cells and an upper layer of filamentous cells. Treatments with PG-EO, linalool, and geraniol significantly reduced the number of viable biofilm cells and inhibited biofilm formation after exposure for 48 h. PG-EO, geraniol, and linalool were not toxic to normal human lung fibroblasts (GM07492A) at the concentrations they were active against C. tropicalis Together, our results indicated that C. tropicalis is susceptible to treatment with PG-EO, geraniol, and linalool, which could become options to prevent or treat this infection.
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Caio Marcelo Cury
authors: CM
authors: Souza
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Silvio Alves
authors: SA
authors: Pereira Junior
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Thaís da Silva
authors: Tda S
authors: Moraes
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Jaqueline Lopes
authors: JL
authors: Damasceno
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Suzana
authors: S
authors: Amorim Mendes
authors: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Herbert Júnior
authors: HJ
authors: Dias
authors: Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Pontal do Araguaia, MT, Brazil.
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Stefani
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Denise Crispim
authors: DC
authors: Tavares
authors: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
authors: Carlos Henrique Gomes
authors: CH
authors: Martins
authors: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Antônio Eduardo Miller
authors: AE
authors: Crotti
authors: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Maria José Soares
authors: MJ
authors: Mendes-Giannini
authors: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil rehepi@gmail.com.
authors: Regina Helena
authors: RH
authors: Pires
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D041022:Candida tropicalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D031316:Pelargonium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013729:Terpenes; C018584:linalool; C007836:geraniol
keywords: C. tropicalis; P. graveolens; biofilms; essential oils