title: Particle-Associated Ambient Benzo[a]pyrene and Levels of Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene in a Non-occupationally Exposed Population of Adults and Children in Lanzhou, China.
abstract: Concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in ambient air from different areas in Lanzhou city in northwest of China, and its metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in the urine of resident children and adults were determined by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the atmospheric environmental concentration of B[a]P varied significantly from one part of the city to another with levels of 150 ng/m(3) in the industrial area of Xigu and 73.8 ng/m(3) in the agricultural area of Yuzhong. The geometric mean urinary 1-OHP concentration was 0.42 µmol/mol-creatinine, with a range of means between 0.067 and 2.05 for the various population sub-groups. The non-occupationally exposed populations' age, gender and area of residence were the major factors that influenced urinary 1-OHP levels. The health risks of B[a]P for adults and children in Xigu and for children in Yuzhong exceeded the acceptable level (1 × 10(-4)) of the US Environmental Protection Agency.
authors: South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China. yuyunjiangteacher@163.com.|State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. yuyunjiangteacher@163.com.
authors: Yunjiang
authors: Y
authors: Yu
authors: Institute of Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, China CDC, Beijing, 100021, China.|State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
authors: Qiong
authors: Q
authors: Wang
authors: South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
authors: Liangzhong
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Chanzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
authors: Zien
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Sun
authors: State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
authors: Yanping
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
authors: Haipeng
authors: H
authors: Lin
authors: South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
authors: Mingdeng
authors: M
authors: Xiang
authors: East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China. huili@ecust.edu.cn.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
authors: Bigui
authors: B
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000652:urine*; D014481:United States; D014484:United States Environmental Protection Agency
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011721:Pyrenes; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; C033146:1-hydroxypyrene
keywords: 1-Hydroxy pyrene; Benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P); Exposure assessment; Health risk assessment; Lanzhou; PM10; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)