title: Effects of caffeinated chewing gum on muscle pain during submaximal isometric exercise in individuals with fibromyalgia.
abstract: Physical activity is important to manage symptom of fibromyalgia (FM); however, individuals with FM typically experience augmented muscle pain during exercise. This study examined the effects of caffeinated chewing gum on exercise-induced muscle pain in individuals with FM. This study was conducted with a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. Twenty-three patients with FM completed a caffeine condition where they consumed a caffeinated chewing gum that contains 100mg of caffeine, and a placebo condition where they consumed a non-caffeinated chewing gum. They completed isometric handgrip exercise at 25% of their maximal strength for 3 min, and muscle pain rating (MPR) was recorded every 30s during exercise. Clinical pain severity was assessed in each condition using a pain questionnaire. The order of the two conditions was randomly determined. MPR increased during exercise, but caffeinated chewing gum did not attenuate the increase in MPR compared to placebo gum. Clinical pain severity was generally associated with the average MPR and the caffeine effects on MPR, calculated as difference in the average MPR between the two conditions. The results suggest that more symptomatic individuals with FM may experience greater exercise-induced muscle pain, but benefit more from caffeinated chewing gum to reduce exercise-induced muscle pain.
authors: Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA. Electronic address: masataka.umeda@ttu.edu.
authors: Masataka
authors: M
authors: Umeda
authors: Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Kempka
authors: Honors College, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors: Amy
authors: A
authors: Weatherby
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors: Brennan
authors: B
authors: Greenlee
authors: Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors: Kimberly
authors: K
authors: Mansion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D002638:Chewing Gum; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063806:Myalgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D002110:Caffeine
keywords: Caffeine; Fibromyalgia; Muscle pain; Regular exercise