title: Effects of white rice containing enriched gamma-aminobutyric acid on blood pressure.
abstract: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter with beneficial effects including antihypertension and antistress properties. In this study, we examined the effects of GABA-enriched white rice (GABA rice) on blood pressure (BP) in 39 mildly hypertensive adults in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The participants were divided into a test group (n = 22) who consumed rice with 11.2 mg GABA/100 g of rice and a placebo group (n = 17) who consumed rice with 2.7 mg GABA/100 g of rice. For 8 weeks, the participants took 150 g of either the GABA rice or the placebo rice. Hematological examinations were performed on both groups at 0, 4, and 8 weeks after the start of rice consumption. Home BP was self-measured two times daily, morning and evening, from 1 weeks before to 2 weeks after the intervention. Although the hospital BP and evening BP measurements of the participants showed no significant change, consumption of the GABA rice improved the morning BP compared with the placebo rice after the 1(st) week and during the 6(th) and 8(th) weeks. These results showed the possibility that the GABA rice improves morning hypertension.
authors: Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Mie
authors: M
authors: Nishimura
authors: Hokuren Agricultural Research Institute, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: Shin-Ichi
authors: S
authors: Yoshida
authors: Satake Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors: Masafumi
authors: M
authors: Haramoto
authors: Satake Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors: Hidenori
authors: H
authors: Mizuno
authors: Hokuren Agricultural Research Institute, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: Tomohiko
authors: T
authors: Fukuda
authors: Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Hiroyo
authors: H
authors: Kagami-Katsuyama
authors: Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Aiko
authors: A
authors: Tanaka
authors: Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Ohkawara
authors: Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Sato
authors: Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Nishihira
keywords: gamma-aminobutyric acid; gamma-aminobutyric acid-enriched white rice; home blood pressure; morning blood pressure; white rice