title: Axon Self-Destruction: New Links among SARM1, MAPKs, and NAD+ Metabolism.
abstract: Wallerian axon degeneration is a form of programmed subcellular death that promotes axon breakdown in disease and injury. Active degeneration requires SARM1 and MAP kinases, including DLK, while the NAD+ synthetic enzyme NMNAT2 prevents degeneration. New studies reveal that these pathways cooperate in a locally mediated axon destruction program, with NAD+ metabolism playing a central role. Here, we review the biology of Wallerian-type axon degeneration and discuss the most recent findings, with special emphasis on critical signaling events and their potential as therapeutic targets for axonopathy.
authors: Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors: Josiah
authors: J
authors: Gerdts
authors: Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors: Daniel W
authors: DW
authors: Summers
authors: Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors: Jeffrey
authors: J
authors: Milbrandt
authors: Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: diantonio@wustl.edu.
authors: Aaron
authors: A
authors: DiAntonio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051186:Armadillo Domain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009612:Nicotinamide-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014855:Wallerian Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051186:Armadillo Domain Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C543961:SARM1 protein, mouse; D009243:NAD; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009612:Nicotinamide-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase; C579543:Nmnat2 protein, mouse