title: Effect of overexpression ofHOXgenes on its invasive tendency in cerebral glioma.
abstract: Transcription factors encoded byHOXgenes are vital in the determination of cell fate and identity during embryonic development. In certain malignancies,HOXgenes also behave as oncogenes. The present study demonstrated suppression of the invasive tendency of glioblastoma multiforme U-118 and U-138 cells by the introduction of the antisense fragments ofHOXA6andB13genes using electroporation. The invasion index indicated 79 and 72% reductions in the invasive ability of antisenseHOXA6andB13, respectively. No significant differences in the invasive index of the parental and mock cells of eachHOXgene were observed (invasive index, 0.75-0.91; P=0.05). A reduction in invasion tendency was also observed following betulinic acid (BA) treatment: The results from the matrigel assay analysis clearly demonstrated a significant inhibition in the invasive behaviour of U-118 and U-138 cell lines from day 15 following BA treatment, with a maximum effect on day 30. The invasion index demonstrated 62 and 65% reductions in invasion ability in the U-118 and U-138 cell lines, respectively. The suppression ofHOXC6andB13expression by the introduction of the corresponding antisense fragments in addition to BA reduced invasion tendency in U-118 and U-138 cell lines. The mechanism underlying the association between theHOXgene and invasive behavior in glioma cells is yet to be understood. However, the anti-invasive behavior of BA may aid understanding of the mechanism in future studies.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.
authors: Yun-Bao
authors: YB
authors: Guo
authors: Department of Surgery, Central Hospital of Changchun, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China.
authors: Yi-Meng
authors: YM
authors: Shao
authors: Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.
authors: Song-Bai
authors: SB
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.
authors: Xing-Dong
authors: XD
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.
authors: Mao-Ren
authors: MR
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.
authors: Hai-Yan
authors: HY
authors: Liu
keywords: betulinic acid; glioblastoma multiforme; homeobox genes; invasion ability