title: The Provision of Interventional Radiology Services in Europe: CIRSE Recommendations.
abstract: Interventional Radiology (IR) is an essential part of modern medicine, delivering minimally invasive patient-focused care, which has been proven to be safe and effective in both elective and emergency settings. The aim of this document is to outline the core requirements and standards for the provision of Interventional Radiological services, including training, certification, manpower, and accreditation. The ultimate challenge will be the adoption of these recommendations by different countries and health economies around the world, in turn ensuring equal access to IR treatments for all patients, the appropriate distribution of resources for IR service provision as well as the continued development of safe and high-quality IR services in Europe and beyond.
authors: Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Heraklion, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece. tsetis@med.uoc.gr.
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Tsetis
authors: Radiology Department, John Radcliff Hospital, Oxford, UK. raman.uberoi@orh.nhs.uk.
authors: Raman
authors: R
authors: Uberoi
authors: Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Radiological Sciences, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy. fabrizio.fanelli@uniroma1.it.
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Fanelli
authors: Interventional Radiology Unit, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. bsiriain@gmail.com.
authors: Iain
authors: I
authors: Roberston
authors: Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK. mkrokidis@hotmail.com.
authors: Miltiadis
authors: M
authors: Krokidis
authors: Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. o.m.vandelden@amc.uva.nl.
authors: Otto
authors: O
authors: van Delden
authors: Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. boris.radeleff@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Radeleff
authors: Diagnostische u. Interventionelle Radiologie/Neuroradiologie, Ev.-Luth. Diakonissenanstalt zu Flensburg - Zentrum für Gesundheit und Diakonie, Flensburg, Germany. muehue@diako.de.
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Müller-Hülsbeck
authors: Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland. m.trojanowska@umlub.pl.
authors: Malgorzata
authors: M
authors: Szerbo-Trojanowska
authors: Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. mlee@rcsi.ie.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK. robert.morgan@stgeorges.nhs.uk.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Morgan
authors: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. ebrountz@med.uoa.gr.
authors: Elias
authors: E
authors: Brountzos
authors: Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London, UK. Anna.belli@stgeorges.nhs.uk.
authors: Anna Maria
authors: AM
authors: Belli
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards*; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: CIRSE; Clinical practice; Education/training/quality assurance; Endovascular therapy; European Union; Interventional Radiology; Minimally invasive