title: The Role of TPS and TPA in the Diagnostics of Distant Metastases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the degree to which tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS), as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), can assist in the detection of distant metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed 157 patients with colorectal and breast cancer divided into two groups. The first was a group of patients with cancer at stages 1, 2 and 3; the second was a group of patients with cancer at stage 4 with metastasis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significantly higher levels of all biomarkers in the metastatic group compared to the group with cancer at stages 1-3 (p<0.0001). The calculated area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.9929 for TPS, 0.9337 for TPA and 0.7234 for CEA. The cut-off was calculated for each biomarker at 95% specificity, TPS cut-off=255 IU/l (sensitivity 95%), TPA cut-off=200 IU/l (sensitivity 70%) and CEA cut-off=18 μg/l (sensitivity 37%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest combining CEA with TPS or TPA in the detection of distant metastases or using only cytokeratins. This approach can significantly increase the quality of detection of the metastatic process.
authors: Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Radek
authors: R
authors: Kucera
authors: Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Ondrej
authors: O
authors: Topolcan
authors: Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Biomedical Center, Medical School in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Ondrej
authors: O
authors: Fiala
authors: Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic kinkorovaj@fnplzen.cz.
authors: Judita
authors: J
authors: Kinkorova
authors: Department of Surgery, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Vladislav
authors: V
authors: Treska
authors: Department of Surgery, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Ilona
authors: I
authors: Zedníková
authors: Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Slouka
authors: Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Vaclav
authors: V
authors: Simanek
authors: Laboratory of Immunoanalysis, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Safanda
authors: Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical School in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Vaclav
authors: V
authors: Babuska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019396:Tissue Polypeptide Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D010455:Peptides; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D019396:Tissue Polypeptide Antigen; C089984:tissue polypeptide specific antigen
keywords: CEA; Colorectal cancer; TPA; TPS; breast cancer; distant metastasis