title: Short-term high salt intake reduces brachial artery and microvascular function in the absence of changes in blood pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to test the hypothesis that short-term high salt intake reduces macrovascular and microvascular endothelial function in the absence of changes in blood pressure and to determine whether acute exercise restores endothelial function after high salt in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve women were administered high salt (11 g of sodium chloride for 7 days) and then underwent a weightlifting session. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and nitroglycerin dilation were measured with ultrasound at baseline, after high salt, and after weightlifting. Subcutaneous fat tissue biopsies were obtained at baseline, after high salt, and after weightlifting. Resistance arteries from biopsies were cannulated for vascular reactivity measurements in response to flow [flow-induced dilation (FID)] and acetylcholine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood pressure was similar before and after high salt diet. Brachial flow-mediated dilation was reduced after high salt diet but was not affected by acute weightlifting. Brachial nitroglycerin dilations were similar before and after high salt. FID and acetylcholine-induced dilation of resistance arteries were similar to that of before and after high salt diet. FID and acetylcholine-induced dilation was not altered by weightlifting after high salt diet. However, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester significantly reduced FID at baseline and after exercise but had no effect dilator reactivity after high salt diet alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that high salt intake reduces brachial artery endothelial function and switches the mediator of vasodilation in the microcirculation to a non-nitric oxide-dependent mechanism in healthy adults and acute exercise may switch the dilator mechanism back to nitric oxide during high salt diet.
authors: aDepartment of Physical Therapy bIntegrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA cDepartment of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia dDepartment of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Cavka
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Jukic
authors: Mohamed
authors: M
authors: Ali
authors: Melissa
authors: M
authors: Goslawski
authors: Jing-Tan
authors: JT
authors: Bian
authors: Edward
authors: E
authors: Wang
authors: Ines
authors: I
authors: Drenjancevic
authors: Shane A
authors: SA
authors: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055806:Microvessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary