title: Abnormal salience signaling in schizophrenia: The role of integrative beta oscillations.
abstract: Aberrant salience attribution and cerebral dysconnectivity both have strong evidential support as core dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Aberrant salience arising from an excess of dopamine activity has been implicated in delusions and hallucinations, exaggerating the significance of everyday occurrences and thus leading to perceptual distortions and delusional causal inferences. Meanwhile, abnormalities in key nodes of a salience brain network have been implicated in other characteristic symptoms, including the disorganization and impoverishment of mental activity. A substantial body of literature reports disruption to brain network connectivity in schizophrenia. Electrical oscillations likely play a key role in the coordination of brain activity at spatially remote sites, and evidence implicates beta band oscillations in long-range integrative processes. We used magnetoencephalography and a task designed to disambiguate responses to relevant from irrelevant stimuli to investigate beta oscillations in nodes of a network implicated in salience detection and previously shown to be structurally and functionally abnormal in schizophrenia. Healthy participants, as expected, produced an enhanced beta synchronization to behaviorally relevant, as compared to irrelevant, stimuli, while patients with schizophrenia showed the reverse pattern: a greater beta synchronization in response to irrelevant than to relevant stimuli. These findings not only support both the aberrant salience and disconnectivity hypotheses, but indicate a common mechanism that allows us to integrate them into a single framework for understanding schizophrenia in terms of disrupted recruitment of contextually appropriate brain networks.
authors: Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Elizabeth B
authors: EB
authors: Liddle
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Darren
authors: D
authors: Price
authors: Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Palaniyappan
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Brookes
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Siân E
authors: SE
authors: Robson
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Emma L
authors: EL
authors: Hall
authors: Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Peter G
authors: PG
authors: Morris
authors: Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors: Peter F
authors: PF
authors: Liddle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001611:Beta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: attention; electrophysiology; magnetoencephalography; neuroimaging; schizophrenia