title: The First Rule of Plant Transposable Element Silencing: Location, Location, Location.
abstract: Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile units of DNA that comprise large portions of plant genomes. Besides creating mutations via transposition and contributing to genome size, TEs play key roles in chromosome architecture and gene regulation. TE activity is repressed by overlapping mechanisms of chromatin condensation, epigenetic transcriptional silencing, and targeting by small interfering RNAs. The specific regulation of different TEs, as well as their different roles in chromosome architecture and gene regulation, is specified by where on the chromosome the TE is located: near a gene, within a gene, in a pericentromere/TE island, or at the centromere core. In this Review, we investigate the silencing mechanisms responsible for inhibiting TE activity for each of these chromosomal contexts, emphasizing that chromosomal location is the first rule dictating the specific regulation of each TE.
authors: Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
authors: Meredith J
authors: MJ
authors: Sigman
authors: Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 slotkin.2@osu.edu.
authors: R Keith
authors: RK
authors: Slotkin
mesh_terms: D019175:DNA Methylation; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D020868:Gene Silencing; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000235:genetics; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D006570:Heterochromatin; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering