title: Heritability Estimated Using 50K SNPs Indicates Missing Heritability Problem in Holstein Breeding.
abstract: Previous studies in Holstein have shown 35% to 51.8% heritability in milk production traits, such as milk yield, fat, and protein, using pedigree data. Other studies in complex human traits could be captured by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and their genetic variations, attributed to chromosomes, are in proportion to their length. Using genome-wide estimation and partitioning approaches, we analyzed three quantitative Holstein traits relevant to milk production in Korean Holstein data harvested from 462 individuals genotyped for 54,609 SNPs. For all three traits (milk yield, fat, and protein), we estimated a nominally significant (p = 0.1) proportion of variance explained by all SNPs on the Illumina BovineSNP50 Beadchip (h (2) G ). These common SNPs explained approximately most of the narrow-sense heritability. Longer genomic regions tended to provide more phenotypic variation information, with a correlation of 0.46~0.53 between the estimate of variance explained by individual chromosomes and their physical length. These results suggested that polygenicity was ubiquitous for Holstein milk production traits. These results will expand our knowledge on recent animal breeding, such as genomic selection in Holstein.
authors: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
authors: Donghyun
authors: D
authors: Shin
authors: Genomic Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea.
authors: Kyoung-Do
authors: KD
authors: Park
authors: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
authors: Sojoeng
authors: S
authors: Ka
authors: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Animal Biotechnology Major, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
authors: Heebal
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Division of Animal Breeding and Genetics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31001, Korea.
authors: Kwang-Hyeon
authors: KH
authors: Cho
keywords: Holstein; breeding; genomic selection; heritability; single-nucleotide polymorphism