title: Calcinated egg shell as a candidate of biosecurity enhancement material.
abstract: Calcinated egg shell (Egg-CaO), of which the main component is calcium oxide, was evaluated in the forms of powder and aqueous solutions for their efficacies as disinfectants against avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), Salmonella Infantis and Escherichia coli. Egg-CaO powder inactivated these viruses within 3 min in the presence of 33% of fetal bovine serum (FBS). In Egg-CaO solutions, except AIV, all pathogens were inactivated within 1 hr, even in the presence of 5% of FBS. Without FBS, all pathogens, except AIV, were inactivated within 3 min, and AIV within 1 hr. In addition, persistence of virucidal activity against AIV and NDV of Egg-CaO powder was confirmed after exposure to sunlight for 2 weeks or resuspension with water for 7 times, simulating field harsh environments. Chick growth test was conducted to ensure the safety of the use of Egg-CaO powder in chicken cages and showed that it is safe to add Egg-CaO in litter or feed. In conclusion, Egg-CaO can be useful for the enhancement of biosecurity at farms.
authors: Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
authors: Mari
authors: M
authors: Ota
authors: Chiharu
authors: C
authors: Toyofuku
authors: Chanathip
authors: C
authors: Thammakarn
authors: Natthanan
authors: N
authors: Sangsriratanakul
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Yamada
authors: Katsuhiro
authors: K
authors: Nakajima
authors: Minori
authors: M
authors: Kitazawa
authors: Hakimullah
authors: H
authors: Hakim
authors: Md Shahin
authors: MS
authors: Alam
authors: Dany
authors: D
authors: Shoham
authors: Kazuaki
authors: K
authors: Takehara
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018175:Birnaviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004528:Egg Shell / Q000737:chemistry; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000517:prevention & control; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D010087:Oxides; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011208:Powders; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D010087:Oxides; D011208:Powders; D012996:Solutions; C016538:lime