title: Endogenous Sensory Discrimination and Selection by a Fast Brain Switch for a High Transfer Rate Brain-Computer Interface.
abstract: In this study, we present a novel multi-class brain-computer interface (BCI) for communication and control. In this system, the information processing is shared by the algorithm (computer) and the user (human). Specifically, an electro-tactile cycle was presented to the user, providing the choice (class) by delivering timely sensory input. The user discriminated these choices by his/her endogenous sensory ability and selected the desired choice with an intuitive motor task. This selection was detected by a fast brain switch based on real-time detection of movement-related cortical potentials from scalp EEG. We demonstrated the feasibility of such a system with a four-class BCI, yielding a true positive rate of  ∼ 80% and  ∼ 70%, and an information transfer rate of  ∼ 7 bits/min and  ∼ 5 bits/min, for the movement and imagination selection command, respectively. Furthermore, when the system was extended to eight classes, the throughput of the system was improved, demonstrating the capability of accommodating a large number of classes. Combining the endogenous sensory discrimination with the fast brain switch, the proposed system could be an effective, multi-class, gaze-independent BCI system for communication and control applications.
authors: Ren
authors: R
authors: Xu
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Jiang
authors: Strahinja
authors: S
authors: Dosen
authors: Chuang
authors: C
authors: Lin
authors: Natalie
authors: N
authors: Mrachacz-Kersting
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Dremstrup
authors: Dario
authors: D
authors: Farina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D062207:Brain-Computer Interfaces; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology*; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination / Q000502:physiology; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*