title: Comparison of Gingiva, Dental Pulp, and Periodontal Ligament Cells From the Standpoint of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Properties.
abstract: The specific properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in oral tissues still remain unknown though their existence has been previously reported. We collected gingiva, dental pulp, and periodontal ligament tissues from removed teeth and isolated MSCs. These MSCs were compared in terms of their yields per tooth, surface epitopes, and differentiation potentials by patient-matched analysis. For in vivo calcification analysis, rat gingival and dental pulp cells mounted on β-tricalcium phospateTCP were transplanted into the perivertebral muscle of rats for 6 weeks. Gingival cells and dental pulp cells showed higher yield per tooth than periodontal ligament cells (n=6, p<0.05). Yields of periodontal ligament cells were too low for further analysis. Gingival and dental pulp cells expressed MSC markers such as CD44, CD90, and CD166. Gingival and dental pulp cells obtained phenotypes of chondrocytes and adipocytes in vitro. Approximately 60% of the colonies of gingival cells and 40% of the colonies of dental pulp cells were positively stained with alizarin red in vitro, and both gingival and dental pulp cells were calcified in vivo. We clarified properties of MSCs derived from removed teeth. We could obtain a high yield of MSCs with osteogenic potential from gingiva and dental pulp. These results indicate that gingiva and dental pulp are putative cell sources for hard tissue regeneration.
authors: Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Otabe
authors: Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; †Global Center of Excellence Program for International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Muneta
authors: ‡ Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors: Nobuyuki
authors: N
authors: Kawashima
authors: †Global Center of Excellence Program for International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; ‡Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Suda
authors: † Global Center of Excellence Program for International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors: Kunikazu
authors: K
authors: Tsuji
authors: § Cartilage Regeneration, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan.
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Sekiya
keywords: Dental pulp; Differentiation; Gingiva; Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); Periodontal ligament; Yields