title: Nitric Oxide Chemical Donor Affects the Early Phases of In Vitro Wound Healing Process.
abstract: An artificial wound in a confluent monolayer of human keratinocyte HaCaT cells or mouse embryo fibroblast Swiss NIH 3T3 cells was used to analyze the effects of the nitric oxide (NO) chemical donor, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP). SNAP exposure promoted an enhanced rate of wound closure and accelerated motility of both keratinocytes and fibroblasts compared to control cells. The wounded monolayer cultures of HaCaT and NIH 3T3 cells, treated with or without SNAP, were monitored under a phase contrast microscope. Structural and ultrastructural modifications were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The images were captured by a digital camera at different time points (0-28 h) and the wound area was analyzed through software included in Matlab®. As early as 15 min, SNAP induced significant cytoskeletal remodeling, as shown by immunostaining (phalloidin-labelling), which in turn was associated with increased filopodium number and length rise. NO donor treatment also induced overexpression of Ki-67 protein, a typical marker of cell proliferation, as shown by immunostaining. Both SNAP-induced migration and proliferation were antagonized by the NO-sensitive GC inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[-4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), which suggests activation of the NO/cGMP signalling cascade in the observed SNAP-induced effects in the early stages of the healing process. Moreover, we provide evidence that PPAR-β antagonist (GSK0660) may interfere with NO-mediated wound healing process. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2185-2195, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: La Torre
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Benedetta
authors: B
authors: Cinque
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Lombardi
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Gianfranca
authors: G
authors: Miconi
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Palumbo
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Zoran
authors: Z
authors: Evtoski
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Placidi
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Donatella
authors: D
authors: Fanini
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.|Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.|National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS), Assergi, Italy.
authors: Anna Maria
authors: AM
authors: Cimini
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Elisabetta
authors: E
authors: Benedetti
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Giuliani
authors: Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors: Maria Grazia
authors: MG
authors: Cifone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048068:PPAR-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D048068:PPAR-beta; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; D006152:Cyclic GMP