title: An Australian longitudinal pilot study examining health determinants of cardiac outcomes 12 months post percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a very common revascularisation procedure for coronary artery disease (CAD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiac outcomes, health related quality of life (HRQoL), resilience and adherence behaviours in patients who have undergone a PCI at two time points (6 and 12 months) following their procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal pilot study was conducted to observe the cardiac outcomes across a cohort of patients who had undergone a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Participants who had undergone PCI 6 months prior were invited. Those participants who met the inclusion criteria and provided consent then completed a telephone survey (time point 1). These participants were then contacted 6 months later (i.e. 12 months post-intervention, time point 2) and the measures were repeated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients (n = 51) were recorded as being alive at time point 1. The multiple model indicated that controlling for other factors, gender was significantly associated with a linear combination of outcome measures (p = 0.004). The effect was moderate in magnitude (partial-η(2) = 0.303), where males performed significantly better than females 6 months after the PCI procedure physically and with mood. Follow-up univariate ANOVAs indicated that gender differences were grounded in the scale measuring depression (PHQ9) (p = 0.005) and the physical component score of the short form measuring HRQoL (SF12-PCS) (p = 0.003). Thirteen patients were lost to follow-up between time points 1 and 2. One patient was confirmed to have passed away. The pattern of correlations between outcome measures at time point 2 revealed statistically significant negative correlation between the PHQ instrument and the resilience scale (CD-RISC) (r = -0.611; p < 0.001); and the physical component score of the SF-12 instrument (r = -0.437; p = 0.054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Men were performing better than women in the 6 months post-PCI, particularly in the areas of mood (depression) and physical health. This pilot results indicate gender-sensitive practices are recommended particularly up to 6 months post-PCI. Any gender differences observed at 6 month appear to disappear at 12 months post-PCI. Further research into the management of mood particularly for women post-PCI is warranted. A more detailed inquiry related to access/attendance to secondary prevention is also warranted.
authors: Australian Catholic University and St Vincent's Private Hospital Melbourne Ltd, Locked Bag 4115 MDC, Fitzroy, 3065, Australia. Karen-leigh.edward@acu.edu.au.|University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom. Karen-leigh.edward@acu.edu.au.
authors: Karen-Leigh
authors: KL
authors: Edward
authors: Australian Catholic University and St Vincent's Private Hospital Melbourne Ltd, Locked Bag 4115 MDC, Fitzroy, 3065, Australia. J.Stephenson@hud.ac.uk.|University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom. J.Stephenson@hud.ac.uk.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Stephenson
authors: Australian Catholic University and St Vincent's Private Hospital Melbourne Ltd, Locked Bag 4115 MDC, Fitzroy, 3065, Australia. Jo-ann.ginadinoto@acu.edu.au.
authors: Jo-Ann
authors: JA
authors: Giandinoto
authors: University of Melbourne and St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Andrew.wilson@svha.org.au.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Wilson
authors: University of Melbourne and St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Robert.whitbourn@svha.org.au.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Whitbourn
authors: University of Melbourne and St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Jack2.gutman@svha.org.au.
authors: Jack
authors: J
authors: Gutman
authors: University of Melbourne and St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Andrew.newcomb@svha.org.au.
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Newcomb
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome