title: Determining the persistence of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin Danish in select tissues of orally vaccinated feral swine (Sus scrofa ssp.).
abstract: Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is being considered for vaccination of feral swine (Sus scrofa ssp.). Since BCG is a live bacterium, evaluation of its safety and persistence in tissues is important. Fifteen feral swine received approximately 4.5 × 10(6) colony forming units of BCG Danish via oral bait. Four animals received bait without BCG. At 1, 3, 6, and 9 months post-vaccination, four vaccinates were euthanized. Non-vaccinates were euthanized at 9 months. Clinical signs were not noted in vaccinated pigs at any time. Tissues from all 20 pigs were culture-negative for mycobacteria. Based on our data, BCG is safe and appears not to persist in feral swine tissues after one month post-oral vaccination. However, further work must be performed at higher doses, and on a larger number of animals representing the target population, and further evaluation of persistence in tissues within the first month post-vaccination is needed.
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA. Electronic address: pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov.
authors: Pauline
authors: P
authors: Nol
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Science, Technology and Analysis Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010, USA. Electronic address: suelee.robbe-austerman@aphis.usda.gov.
authors: Suelee
authors: S
authors: Robbe-Austerman
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA. Electronic address: jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov.
authors: Jack C
authors: JC
authors: Rhyan
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA. Electronic address: matt.mccollum@aphis.usda.gov.
authors: Matt P
authors: MP
authors: McCollum
authors: Animal Population Health Institute, 1644 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. Electronic address: joni.triantis@colostate.edu.
authors: Joni M
authors: JM
authors: Triantis
authors: Sanidad y Biotecnología (SaBio), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), Ronda de Toledo s.n., 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: beatriz.beltran@uclm.es.
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: Beltrán-Beck
authors: Animal Population Health Institute, 1644 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. Electronic address: m.d.salman@colostate.edu.
authors: Mo D
authors: MD
authors: Salman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines
keywords: BCG; Bovine tuberculosis; Feral swine; Mycobacterium bovis; Tissue persistence; Vaccine