title: Relationship between the objectively-assessed neighborhood area and activity behavior in Swiss youth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neighborhood attributes are modifiable determinants of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). We tested whether the objectively-assessed built and social environment was associated with PA and SB in Swiss youth and whether sex, age and the socioeconomic position (Swiss-SEP) modified such associations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We combined data of 1742 youth (ages 4 to 17) from seven studies conducted within Switzerland between 2005-2010. All youth provided accelerometer data and a home address, which was linked to objective environmental data and the Swiss-SEP-index. Associations between neighborhood attributes and PA were analyzed by multivariable multilevel regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The extent of green areas and building density was positively associated with PA in the total sample (p < 0.05). Factors representing centrally located areas, and more schoolchildren living nearby tended to increase PA in secondary schoolchildren, boys and those from lower-ranked socioeconomic areas. In primary schoolchildren, the extent of green areas was positively associated with PA (p = 0.05). Associations between neighborhood attributes and PA were more pronounced in youth from low socioeconomic areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that some associations between neighborhood attributes and PA differ by age, sex and socioeconomic area. This should be taken into account when planning interventions to increase childhood PA.
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss TPH, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Bettina
authors: B
authors: Bringolf-Isler
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss TPH, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors: Susi
authors: S
authors: Kriemler
authors: Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), Hauptstrasse 247, 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland.
authors: Urs
authors: U
authors: Mäder
authors: Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), Hauptstrasse 247, 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland.
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Dössegger
authors: Center for Development and Environment, University of Bern, 1, Schanzenstrasse 1, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.
authors: Heidi
authors: H
authors: Hofmann
authors: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, ChUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Jardena J
authors: JJ
authors: Puder
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss TPH, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Charlotte
authors: C
authors: Braun-Fahrländer
keywords: Accelerometer; BMI, body mass index; IPEN, International Physical Activity and Environment Network; MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity; Neighborhood; PA, physical activity; Physical activity; SB, sedentary behavior; SES, socioeconomic status; Sedentary behavior; Socioeconomic environment; Swiss SEP, Swiss neighborhood index of socioeconomic position; TPA, total physical activity; Youth; cpm, counts per minute; ha, hectare