title: Relationship between nurses' practice environments and nursing outcomes in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to understand nursing practice environment characteristics in Istanbul-area hospitals in Turkey, the relationship between these characteristics, nurse burnout levels and nurses' intentions to leave work.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  A well-known relationship exists in many countries between nursing practice environments and nurse burnout and intention to leave work. However, little is known about the relationship between practice environment characteristics and nursing outcomes in Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2592 nurses in 20 Ministry of Health and 29 private hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. A demographic questionnaire, Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used for data collection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost half of nurses suffered from high-level burnout related to emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, and one-third reported depersonalization and the intent to leave their jobs within a year. A poor nursing practice environment was the leading factor, increasing nurses' burnout levels in all subdimensions. Burnout related to emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment and poor practice environment increased intention to leave. Permanent positions decreased intention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a relationship between poor practice environments and nursing outcomes in Turkey.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a survey data collection method is a potential study limitation. Quantitative and qualitative methods could be combined to obtain more detailed objective data about nursing practice environments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor practice environments, high-level burnout and intention to leave work are significant problems in Istanbul, Turkey. Favourable practice environments and job security should be provided to improve nursing outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Policymakers and nurse managers should be aware of any negative issues regarding nursing practice environments and job security to improve nursing outcomes.
authors: Bezmialem Foundation University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical History and Ethics, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Topçu
authors: Koc University School of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Türkmen
authors: Koc University School of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Badır
authors: Koc University School of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Göktepe
authors: Department of Education & Human Resources, Health Directorate of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Miral
authors: Koc University School of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Albayrak
authors: Koc University School of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kebapçı
authors: Acibadem Health Care Group, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: Ş
authors: Ş
authors: Serbest
authors: Validebağ Istanbul Anatolian Health Vocational High School, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Özcan
mesh_terms: D002055:Burnout, Professional; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey
keywords: Burnout; Intention to Leave Work; Nursing Work Index; Practice Environment; Turkey