title: Plasma of Argon Affects the Earliest Biological Response of Different Implant Surfaces: An In Vitro Comparative Study.
abstract: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the early cell response and protein adsorption elicited by the argon plasma treatment of different commercially available titanium surfaces via a chair-side device. Sterile disks made of grade 4 titanium (n= 450, 4-mm diameter) with 3 surface topographies (machined, plasma sprayed, and zirconia blasted and acid etched) were allocated to receive 4 testing treatments (2% and 10% protein adsorption and cell adhesion with MC3T3-E1 and MG-63). Furthermore, the specimens were divided to undergo 1) argon plasma treatment (10 W, 1 bar for 12 min) in a plasma reactor, 2) ultraviolet (UV) light treatment for 2 h (positive control group), or 3) no treatment (control group). Pretreatment surface analyses based on a scanning electron microscope and profilometer images were also performed. Profilometric analysis demonstrated that the evaluated specimens perfectly suit the standard parameters. The use of argon plasma was capable of affecting the quantity of proteins adsorbed on the different surfaces, notwithstanding their roughness or topographic features at a low fetal bovine serum concentration (2%). UV light treatment for 2 h attained similar results. Moreover, both the plasma of argon and the UV light demonstrated a significant increase in the number of osteoblasts adherent at 10 min in all tested surfaces. Within its limitations, this in vitro study highlights the potential biological benefits of treating implant surfaces with plasma of argon or UV, irrespective of the roughness of the titanium surface. However, in vivo experiments are needed to confirm these preliminary data and settle the rationale of a treatment that might be clinically relevant in case of bone-reparative deficiencies.
authors: Independent Researcher, Rome, Italy luigicanullo@yahoo.com.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Canullo
authors: CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences UNITO, Turin, Italy Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, UNITO, Turin, Italy.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Genova
authors: Independent Researcher, Rome, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tallarico
authors: IMAMOTER-National Council of Research, Turin, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Gautier
authors: CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences UNITO, Turin, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Mussano
authors: ARDEC, Ariminum Odontologica, Rimini, Italy.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Botticelli
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001128:Argon / Q000737:chemistry*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology; D058626:Plasma Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D058626:Plasma Gases; D001128:Argon; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: UV light; bone cell adhesion; cell adhesion; dental implants; protein adsorption; surface energy