title: Ferrous iron and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in the biosynthesis of microbial natural products.
abstract: Apart from its vital role as the terminal electron acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation in nature, dioxygen also serves as a universal agent which diversifies natural products by oxidative transformations. Ferrous iron and α-ketoglutarate (αKG)-dependent dioxygenases (αKGDs) are versatile enzymes that use dioxygen as an oxidant to catalyse various reactions via CH bond activation, including hydroxylation, dealkylation, desaturation, epoxidation, epimerisation, halogenation, cyclisation, peroxide formation, and ring expansion/contraction reactions. This review updates the reported αKGDs that catalyse reactions related to microbial natural product biosynthesis in the past 10 years. We hope that the versatility of αKGDs shown here can serve as an inspiration for future engineering and catalyst design, which could provide alternative methods to meet the on-going demand for fine chemicals and pharmaceutics.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Long-Fei
authors: LF
authors: Wu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors: Song
authors: S
authors: Meng
authors: State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address: gltang@sioc.ac.cn.
authors: Gong-Li
authors: GL
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002384:Catalysis; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D007501:Iron; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Biosynthesis; CH bond activation; Engineering; Enzymatic reaction; Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase; Natural product