title: Airborne Influenza A Is Detected in the Personal Breathing Zone of Swine Veterinarians.
abstract: The 2009 H1N1 pandemic emphasized a need to evaluate zoonotic transmission of influenza A in swine production. Airborne influenza A virus has been detected in swine facilities during an outbreak. However, the personal exposure of veterinarians treating infected swine has not been characterized. Two personal bioaerosol samplers, the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler and the personal high-flow inhalable sampler head (PHISH), were placed in the breathing zone of veterinarians treating swine infected with either H1N1 or H3N2 influenza A. A greater number of viral particles were recovered from the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler (2094 RNA copies/m3) compared to the PHISH sampler (545 RNA copies/m3). In addition, the majority of viral particles were detected by the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler in the >4 μm size fraction. These results suggest that airborne influenza A virus is present in the breathing zone of veterinarians treating swine, and the aerosol route of zoonotic transmission of influenza virus should be further evaluated among agricultural workers.
authors: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
authors: Kate M
authors: KM
authors: O'Brien
authors: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
authors: Matthew W
authors: MW
authors: Nonnenmann
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis; D000383:Agriculture; D000391:Air Microbiology; D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000635:transmission*; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology; D009666:Nose / Q000821:virology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012119:Respiration; D013552:Swine / Q000821:virology; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology; D018634:Veterinarians
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D012367:RNA, Viral