title: Intensive lifestyle intervention including high-intensity interval training program improves insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose in obese patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effects of a long-term intensive lifestyle intervention including high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Mediterranean diet (MedD) counseling on glycemic control parameters, insulin resistance and β-cell function in obese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The glycemic control parameters (fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin), insulin resistance, and β-cell function of 72 obese subjects (54 women; mean age = 53 ± 9 years) were assessed at baseline and upon completion of a 9-month intensive lifestyle intervention program conducted at the cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation center of the Montreal Heart Institute, from 2009 to 2012. The program included 2-3 weekly supervised exercise training sessions (HIIT and resistance exercise), combined to MedD counseling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) (before: 5.5 ± 0.9; after: 5.2 ± 0.6; P < 0.0001), fasting insulin (pmol/L) (before: 98 ± 57; after: 82 ± 43; P = 0.003), and insulin resistance, as assessed by the HOMA-IR score (before: 3.6 ± 2.5; after: 2.8 ± 1.6; P = 0.0008) significantly improved, but not HbA1c (%) (before: 5.72 ± 0.55; after: 5.69 ± 0.39; P = 0.448), nor β-cell function (HOMA-β, %) (before: 149 ± 78; after: 144 ± 75; P = 0.58).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Following a 9-month intensive lifestyle intervention combining HIIT and MedD counseling, obese subjects experienced significant improvements of FPG and insulin resistance. This is the first study to expose the effects of a long-term program combining HIIT and MedD on glycemic control parameters among obese subjects.
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Marquis-Gravel
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Douglas
authors: D
authors: Hayami
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Juneau
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Nigam
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Valérie
authors: V
authors: Guilbeault
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Élise
authors: É
authors: Latour
authors: Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre (ÉPIC), Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: Mathieu
authors: M
authors: Gayda
keywords: CAD, coronary artery disease; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; Glycemic control; HIIT, high-intensity interval training; High intensity interval training; IFG, impaired fasting glycemia; Intensive lifestyle intervention; MICET, moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous exercise training; MedD, Mediterranean diet; Mediterranean diet counseling; Obese