title: African American Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Have a Distinct Phenotype of Polyposis Associated with Increased Asthma Hospitalization.
abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of the upper airways that is often categorized into subtypes including "with" and "without" nasal polyps. However, the influence of multiple important epidemiologic factors, including race, on CRS has not been investigated.
  
  
  
  The present study assessed various phenotypic characteristics of CRS in patients, living in the United States, with different racial backgrounds.
  
  
  
  We performed a large retrospective cohort study of patients with CRS treated at a large urban tertiary care referral center in Chicago.
  
  
  
  African American (AA) patients with CRS living in Chicago were more likely to report hyposmia as a symptom of CRS. Furthermore, AA patients with CRS who failed medical therapy and required surgical intervention had a significantly higher frequency of nasal polyposis and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, and a higher disease severity index on computed tomography imaging than did white patients with CRS. The increased polyposis in AAs was associated with increased hospitalization for asthma. There were no differences in the prevalence of atopy, asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, duration of disease, or number of surgeries between different races.
  
  
  
  AAs with refractory CRS are at increased risk for nasal polyposis, smell loss, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, and a greater severity of disease based on imaging, resulting in increased health care utilization.
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill. Electronic address: Mahboobeh_mahdavinia@rush.edu.
authors: Mahboobeh
authors: M
authors: Mahdavinia
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Mohamed
authors: M
authors: Benhammuda
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Christopher D
authors: CD
authors: Codispoti
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Mary C
authors: MC
authors: Tobin
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Philip S
authors: PS
authors: Losavio
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Arpita
authors: A
authors: Mehta
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Jill S
authors: JS
authors: Jeffe
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Sindhura
authors: S
authors: Bandi
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine Department, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Anju T
authors: AT
authors: Peters
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine Department, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Whitney W
authors: WW
authors: Stevens
authors: Allergy/Immunology Section, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Landay
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine Department, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Keshavarzian
authors: Division of Allergy-Immunology, Internal Medicine Department, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill. Electronic address: rpschleimer@northwestern.edu.
authors: Robert P
authors: RP
authors: Schleimer
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
authors: Pete S
authors: PS
authors: Batra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007087:Illinois / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D001241:Aspirin
keywords: African American; Asthma; Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS); Nasal polyp; Race