title: Shifts of microbial communities of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation in a closed artificial ecosystem.
abstract: The microbial communities of plant ecosystems are in relation to plant growing environment, but the alteration in biodiversity of rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbial communities in closed and controlled environments is unknown. The purpose of this study is to analyze the change regularity of microbial communities with wheat plants dependent-cultivated in a closed artificial ecosystem. The microbial community structures in closed-environment treatment plants were investigated by a culture-dependent approach, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that the number of microbes decreased along with time, and the magnitude of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were 10(7)-10(8), 10(5), and 10(3)-10(4) CFU/g (dry weight), respectively. The analysis of PCR-DGGE and Illumina Miseq revealed that the wheat leaf surface and near-root substrate had different microbial communities at different periods of wheat ecosystem development and showed that the relative highest diversity of microbial communities appeared at late and middle periods of the plant ecosystem, respectively. The results also indicated that the wheat leaf and substrate had different microbial community compositions, and the wheat substrate had higher richness of microbial community than the leaf. Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Enterobacter, Penicillium, Rhodotorula, Acremonium, and Alternaria were dominant in the wheat leaf samples, and Pedobacter, Flavobacterium, Halomonas, Marinobacter, Salinimicrobium, Lysobacter, Pseudomonas, Halobacillus, Xanthomonas, Acremonium, Monographella, and Penicillium were dominant populations in the wheat near-root substrate samples.
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.|Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors: Youcai
authors: Y
authors: Qin
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. fuyuming@buaa.edu.cn.|Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. fuyuming@buaa.edu.cn.|International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. fuyuming@buaa.edu.cn.
authors: Yuming
authors: Y
authors: Fu
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.|Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Dong
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.|Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors: Nannan
authors: N
authors: Jia
authors: Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. lh64@buaa.edu.cn.|Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. lh64@buaa.edu.cn.|International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. lh64@buaa.edu.cn.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D058448:Biota; D058645:Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; D017753:Ecosystem; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: Artificial ecosystem; Illumina Miseq; Microflora; PCR-DGGE; Wheat