title: Subantral Augmentation With Mineralized Cortical Bone Allograft Material: Clinical, Histological, and Histomorphometric Analyses and Graft Volume Assessments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to clinically and histologically evaluate the effect of using mineralized cortical bone allograft in sinus lift augmentation and to 3-dimensionally quantify volumetric changes in maxillary sinuses augmented over a 2-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients affected with less than 3 mm of residual ridge were enrolled in the study. After sinus grafting with a mineralized bone allograft, the site was covered with a collagen wound dressing. During implant placement 4 months later, a biopsy was obtained for histological and histomorphometry evaluations. Bone volume changes were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Biopsies showed mature cancellous bone with a predominantly lamellar structure. The well-vascularized intertrabecular spaces were filled with connective tissue and bone marrow. Histomorphometry evaluations revealed a mean 43.76 ± 1.47% of bone marrow, 40.16 ± 1.35% of mineralized bone and 16.59 ± 0.55% of woven bone. The mean of residual particles was 0.47 ± 0.01%. Volumetric measurements showed a mean volume of grafted material 16.24 ± 1.55 cm at T0, 14.48 ± 1.48 cm at T1, and 13.06 ± 1.39 cm at T2. The mean volume retraction was 10.83% of the initial total volume at (T0-T1) and 9.8% at (T1-T2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical and histological results indicated that mineralized cortical bone allograft promoted de novo bone formation and can be used for sinus lift procedure.
authors: *Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon. †Clinical Assistant, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors: Antoine
authors: A
authors: Berberi
authors: Nabih
authors: N
authors: Nader
mesh_terms: D064591:Allografts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D000071538:Cortical Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*