title: Chromogranin A predicts survival for resected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, no serological prognostic marker exists for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). Previous studies have suggested potential for chromogranin A (CgA); however, the prognostic capability of CgA remains controversial. Our purpose was to explore preoperative CgA levels in predicting outcomes in patients with resected pNETs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with preoperative CgA levels who underwent resection of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor between July 2002 and May 2013 were identified from a prospective database. An elevated preoperative CgA was defined as a CgA laboratory value above the normal limit of the assay. All patients had pathologically confirmed primary pancreatic tumors. Outcomes were compared between elevated and normal CgA groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 38 patients were identified that met inclusion criteria. Of these, 45% were male, and the median age was 57 y (range, 17-81 y). All underwent resection with curative intent. Elevated preoperative CgA was present in 16 patients (42%). There were no differences in node positivity or margin status between the normal CgA and elevated CgA groups on univariate analysis. However, tumor size and grade were significantly different between the two groups. Both disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.006) and overall survival (P = 0.017) were negatively impacted by an elevated preoperative CgA (median follow-up; 40 mo).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with resected pNETs, an elevated preoperative CgA level was negatively associated with DFS and OS and was the only independent predictor of DFS. These results indicate that preoperative CgA may be a clinically useful prognostic marker for patients undergoing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor resection.
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors: Matthew A
authors: MA
authors: Shanahan
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Salem
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Fisher
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors: Clifford S
authors: CS
authors: Cho
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors: Glen
authors: G
authors: Leverson
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors: Emily R
authors: ER
authors: Winslow
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address: webers@surgery.wisc.edu.
authors: Sharon M
authors: SM
authors: Weber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000097:blood*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053379:Chromogranin A
keywords: Chromogranin A; Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor; Survival