title: ACUTE LEUKEMIAS IMMUNOPHENOTYPES AT AGAKHAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAIROBI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to determine relative frequencies of acute leukemia immunophenotypes using commonly expressed markers and to describe the clinicopathological characteristics. Design: This was a prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was based at Aga khan clinical laboratory department.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty two (132) consecutive blood and bone marrow specimens from patients suspected to have acute leukemia were analysed for cytomorphological characteristics and immunophenotyping. The clinical-pathological characteristics were also recorded. Immunological category was assigned using the EGIL criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 88 AML and 42 ALL patients analysed for immunophenotypes. Only tw cases of biphenotypic leukemia were found. The commonest overall AML morphological sub-type was AML-M2, 26 (29.5%). Majority of ALL cases were B-cell immunological sub-type (96.6%). Early pre-B phenotype constituted 62.07% and Common B-cell ALL 37.93%. There were only 4 cases of T-cell ALL. Majority of patients presented with anaemia with a median hemoglobin of 7.5g/dl (range 2-15g/dl). The median platelet count was 55 (range 4-462 x 10(9)/L).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunophenotyping of acute leukemia is beneficial in accurate diagnosis of patients with these malignancies in this setup. T-cell ALL, AML-M6 and M7 are less frequent than what has been reported in most studies in Africa.
authors: Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. beatskaf@yahoo.com
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Kabera
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Riyat
authors: W M
authors: WM
authors: Macharia
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Pamnani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D001856:Bone Marrow Examination / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D015456:Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins