title: Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Increases Apoptosis and HIV-1 Replication in HIV-1 Infected Jurkat Cells.
abstract: Influenza virus infection has a significant impact on public health, since it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is not well-known whether influenza virus infection affects cell death and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication in HIV-1-infected patients. Using a lymphoma cell line, Jurkat, we examined the in vitro effects of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) infection on cell death and HIV-1 RNA production in infected cells. We found that pH1N1 infection increased apoptotic cell death through Fas and Bax-mediated pathways in HIV-1-infected Jurkat cells. Infection with pH1N1 virus could promote HIV-1 RNA production by activating host transcription factors including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB), nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) through mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-related pathways. The replication of HIV-1 latent infection could be reactivated by pH1N1 infection through TCR and apoptotic pathways. These data indicate that HIV-1 replication can be activated by pH1N1 virus in HIV-1-infected cells resulting in induction of cell death through apoptotic pathways.
authors: Lab of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER/FDA, Building 72, Rm 4322, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. xue.wang@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Lab of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER/FDA, Building 72, Rm 4322, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. tangjy@lzu.edu.cn.
authors: Jiying
authors: J
authors: Tan
authors: Lab of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER/FDA, Building 72, Rm 4322, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. Santanu.biswas@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Santanu
authors: S
authors: Biswas
authors: Lab of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER/FDA, Building 72, Rm 4322, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. Jiangqin.zhao@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Jiangqin
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Lab of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER/FDA, Building 72, Rm 4322, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. Krishnakumar.devada@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Krishnakumar
authors: K
authors: Devadas
authors: Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. zhiping.ye@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Zhiping
authors: Z
authors: Ye
authors: Lab of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, CBER/FDA, Building 72, Rm 4322, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA. indira.hewlett@fda.hhs.gov.
authors: Indira
authors: I
authors: Hewlett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002460:Cell Line; D002642:Chick Embryo; D060085:Coinfection / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors
keywords: CD4; HIV-1; apoptosis; pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus; replication