title: Exploration of Novel Botanical Insecticide Leads: Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of β-Dihydroagarofuran Derivatives.
abstract: The discovery of novel leads and new mechanisms of action is of vital significance to the development of pesticides. To explore lead compounds for botanical insecticides, 77 β-dihydroagarofuran derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were mainly confirmed by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, DEPT-135°, IR, MS, and HRMS. Their insecticidal activity was evaluated against the third-instar larvae of Mythimna separata Walker, and the results indicated that, of these derivatives, eight exhibited more promising insecticidal activity than the positive control, celangulin-V. Particularly, compounds 5.7, 6.6, and 6.7 showed LD50 values of 37.9, 85.1, and 21.1 μg/g, respectively, which were much lower than that of celangulin-V (327.6 μg/g). These results illustrated that β-dihydroagarofuran ketal derivatives can be promising lead compounds for developing novel mechanism-based and highly effective botanical insecticides. Moreover, some newly discovered structure-activity relationships are discussed, which may provide some important guidance for insecticide development.
authors: College of Science, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ximei
authors: X
authors: Zhao
authors: College of Science, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Xi
authors: College of Science, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhan
authors: Z
authors: Hu
authors: Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Wenjun
authors: W
authors: Wu
authors: College of Science, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jiwen
authors: J
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007306:Insecticides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C079978:dihydroagarofuran
keywords: botanical insecticide; insecticidal activity; new mechanism; novel lead; structure−activity relationship; β-dihydroagarofuran