title: First paraben substituted cyclotetraphosphazene compounds and DNA interaction analysis with a new automated biosensor.
abstract: Cancer, as one of the leading causes of death in the world, is caused by malignant cell division and growth that depends on rapid DNA replication. To develop anti-cancer drugs this feature of cancer could be exploited by utilizing DNA-damaging molecules. To achieve this, the paraben substituted cyclotetraphosphazene compounds have been synthesized for the first time and their effect on DNA (genotoxicity) has been investigated. The conventional genotoxicity testing methods are laborious, take time and are expensive. Biosensor based assays provide an alternative to investigate this drug/compound DNA interactions. Here for the first time, a new, easy and rapid screening method has been used to investigate the DNA damage, which is based on an automated biosensor device that relies on the real-time electrochemical profiling (REP™) technology. Using both the biosensor based screening method and the in vitro biological assay, the compounds 9 and 11 (propyl and benzyl substituted cyclotetraphosphazene compounds, respectively), have resulted in higher DNA damage than the others with 65% and 80% activity reduction, respectively.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey. Electronic address: yenilmez@gtu.edu.tr.
authors: Gönül Yenilmez
authors: GY
authors: Çiftçi
authors: Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors: Elif
authors: E
authors: Şenkuytu
authors: Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors: Saadet Elif
authors: SE
authors: İncir
authors: Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors: Fatma
authors: F
authors: Yuksel
authors: Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors: Zehra
authors: Z
authors: Ölçer
authors: Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Amasya University, 05100 Amasya, Turkey.
authors: Tuba
authors: T
authors: Yıldırım
authors: Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors: Adem
authors: A
authors: Kılıç
authors: Bioelectronic Devices and Systems Group, UEKAE-BILGEM, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey. Electronic address: yildiz.uludag@tubitak.gov.tr.
authors: Yıldız
authors: Y
authors: Uludağ
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D010226:Parabens / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010753:Phosphoranes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010226:Parabens; D010753:Phosphoranes; D004247:DNA
keywords: Amperometry; Biosensor; Cyclotetraphosphazenes; DNA interaction; Electrochemical; Genotoxicity; Parabens