title: Concentration of MS2 phage in river water by a combined ferric colloid adsorption and foam separation-based method, with MS2 phage leaching from ferric colloid.
abstract: The concentration of MS2 phage as a model RNA virus in river water using a combined ferric colloid adsorption and foam separation-based method was examined. The MS2 phage concentrations were determined by the plaque-forming unit (PFU) method and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. When ferric colloid adsorption was performed prior to foam separation, MS2 phage was effectively removed from river water and concentrated in the generated foam within 7 min. The removal efficiency was >99% at the optimum iron and casein concentrations of 5 mg-Fe/L and 10 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the collected ferric colloid dissolved using deferoxamine, the MS2 concentration in the colloid-dissolved solution was 190-fold higher than that found in raw water according to RT-qPCR analysis. This is a novel method for concentrating RNA viruses to facilitate their detection in river water using coagulation and foam separation combined with chelate dissolution of ferric flocs.
authors: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan. Electronic address: suzuki@civil.miyazaki-u.ac.jp.
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
authors: Takumi
authors: T
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Department of Environment and Resource Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
authors: Masateru
authors: M
authors: Nishiyama
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
authors: Tomoya
authors: T
authors: Kono
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D017909:Levivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D045483:Rivers / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D003102:Colloids; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D003676:Deferoxamine
keywords: Concentration method; Detection; Ferric colloid absorption; Foam separation; MS2 phage