title: [Incidence of Bicycle injuries presenting to the Emergency Department in Reykjavik 2005-2010].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bicycling has become increasingly popular in Iceland. Official registration of bicycle accidents is based on police reports. As minor accidents are often not reported to the police, these accidents may be underreported in police records. The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiology of bicycle related accidents in patients seeking medical assistance at the Emergency Department (ED) at Landspitali-University Hospital, Reykjavik (LUH), Iceland.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the ED at LUH, Iceland from January 2005 to December 2010. All medical files were reviewed and sex, age, year and month of accident/injury, helmet wearing, ICD-10 diagnosis, severity of injury according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS) recorded. The rate of hospital admission was examined with length of stay, Intensive Care Unit admission, use of medical imaging and operative treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 3472 patients presented to the ED with bicycle related accidents , 68.3% men and 31.7% female. The average age of patients was 22,6 years (1-95 years). Most are injured during recreational activities (72.4%) and in residence areas (45,7%). Most injuries occurred during May-September (71.4%). Data on counterparty was missing in 74.9% of cases. The cause of accident was in 44.0% a low fall or jump. The upper extremity was injured in 47.1% cases. A majority of the patients (65.6%) had a mild injury (ISS≤3points) and 29.3% had a moderate injury (4-8 points). No fatalities were found during the study period. Use of helmets was only recorded in 14.2% of cases. In total 124 patients were admitted during the period where the mean time of admission was 5 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of bicycle injuries increased during the study period but appears to have increased less than the number of bicyclists. Injuries are more frequent among males and the majority are of a young age. The accidents usually occur during the spring and summer. Most injuries are minor but 3.6% required admission. Department of Emergency Medicine, The National University Hospital of Iceland1, Icelandic Transportation Safety Board2, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland3 KEY WORDS: bicycle accident, emergency department, helmet, injury. Correspondence: Hjalti Mar Bjornsson, hjaltimb@landspitali.is.
authors: Armann
authors: A
authors: Jonsson
authors: Saevar H
authors: SH
authors: Larusson
authors: Arni
authors: A
authors: Mogensen
authors: Hjalti Mar
authors: HM
authors: Bjornsson
authors: Brynjolfur A
authors: BA
authors: Mogensen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001642:Bicycling / Q000293:injuries*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult