title: Tissue Reaction and Biocompatibility of Implanted Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Silver Nanoparticles in a Rat Model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of endodontic materials are of utmost importance. Considering the extensive applications of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in dentistry and antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles, this study aimed to evaluate the subcutaneous inflammatory reaction of rat connective tissues to white MTA with and without nanosilver (NS) particles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polyethylene tubes (1.1×8 mm) containing experimental materials (MTA and MTA+NS and empty control tubes) were implanted in subcutaneous tissues of seventy-five male rats. Animals were divided into five groups (n=15) according to the time of evaluation: group 1; after 7 days, group 2; after 15 days, group 3; after 30 days, group 4; after 60 days and group 5; after 90 days. The inflammatory reaction was graded and data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Statistical significance was defined at 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of cumulative inflammatory reaction at all intervals revealed that the mean grade of inflammatory reaction to MTA, MTA+NS and control samples were 3, 2 and 2, respectively. According to the Mann-Whitney analysis there were no significant differences between MTA+NS and MTA (P=0.42).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incorporation of 1% nanosilver to MTA does not affect the inflammatory reaction of subcutaneous tissue in rat models.
authors: Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Vahid
authors: V
authors: Zand
authors: Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nano-Technology, Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Mehrdad
authors: M
authors: Lotfi
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Amirala
authors: A
authors: Aghbali
authors: Researcher, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Mehran
authors: M
authors: Mesgariabbasi
authors: Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Janani
authors: Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Hadi
authors: H
authors: Mokhtari
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;
authors: Pardis
authors: P
authors: Tehranchi
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Seyyed Mahdi Vahid
authors: SM
authors: Pakdel
keywords: Biocompatibility; Mineral Trioxide Aggregate; Nanosilver; Silver Nanoparticle