title: Association Between Human Hair Loss and the Expression Levels of Nucleolin, Nucleophosmin, and UBTF Genes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nucleolar organizer regions, also known as argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions, are associated with ribosomal genes. The main function of the nucleolus is the rapid production of ribosomal subunits, a process that must be highly regulated to provide the appropriate levels for cellular proliferation and cell growth. There are no studies in the literature addressing the expression and function of nucleolar component proteins, including nucleophosmin, nucleolin and the upstream binding transcription factor (UBTF), in human follicular hair cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen healthy males who had normal and sufficient hair follicles on the back of the head, but exhibited hair loss on the frontal/vertex portions of the head and 14 healthy males without hair loss were included in the current study. Gene expression levels were measured by relative quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the individuals suffering from alopecia, the total expression levels of nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and UBTF were lower in normal sites than in hair loss sites. Strong expression level correlations were detected between: nucleophosmin and nucleolin; nucleophosmin and UBTF, and nucleolin and UBTF for both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was an association between human hair loss and the expression levels of nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and UBTF genes.
authors: 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey .
authors: Sener
authors: S
authors: Tasdemir
authors: 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University , Duzce, Turkey .
authors: Recep
authors: R
authors: Eroz
authors: 3 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey .
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Dogan
authors: 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey .
authors: Haktan Bagis
authors: HB
authors: Erdem
authors: 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey .
authors: Ibrahim
authors: I
authors: Sahin
authors: 4 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocaman University , Mugla, Turkey .
authors: Murat
authors: M
authors: Kara
authors: 5 Department of Dermatology, Regional Training and Research Hospital , Erzurum, Turkey .
authors: Ragip Ismail
authors: RI
authors: Engin
authors: 6 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University , Erzurum, Turkey .
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Turkez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000505:Alopecia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035463:Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000097796:Nucleolin
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D035463:Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000097796:Nucleolin; C000716967:NPM1 protein, human; C051963:nucleolar organizer region associated proteins; C063844:transcription factor UBF