title: Evaluation of Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel Assay for Detection of Multiple Diarrheal Pathogens in Fecal Samples in Vietnam.
abstract: Diarrheal disease is a complex syndrome that remains a leading cause of global childhood morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of enteric pathogens in a timely and precise manner is important for making treatment decisions and informing public health policy, but accurate diagnosis is a major challenge in industrializing countries. Multiplex molecular diagnostic techniques may represent a significant improvement over classical approaches. We evaluated the Luminex xTAG gastrointestinal pathogen panel (GPP) assay for the detection of common enteric bacterial and viral pathogens in Vietnam. Microbiological culture and real-time PCR were used as gold standards. The tests were performed on 479 stool samples collected from people admitted to the hospital for diarrheal disease throughout Vietnam. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the xTAG GPP for the seven principal diarrheal etiologies. The sensitivity and specificity for the xTAG GPP were >88% for Shigellaspp.,Campylobacterspp., rotavirus, norovirus genotype 1/2 (GI/GII), and adenovirus compared to those of microbiological culture and/or real-time PCR. However, the specificity was low (∼60%) for Salmonella species. Additionally, a number of important pathogens that are not identified in routine hospital procedures in this setting, such as Cryptosporidiumspp. and Clostridium difficile, were detected with the GPP. The use of the Luminex xTAG GPP for the detection of enteric pathogens in settings, like Vietnam, would dramatically improve the diagnostic accuracy and capacity of hospital laboratories, allowing for timely and appropriate therapy decisions and a wider understanding of the epidemiology of pathogens associated with severe diarrheal disease in low-resource settings.
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Vu Thuy
authors: VT
authors: Duong
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Voong Vinh
authors: VV
authors: Phat
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Ha Thanh
authors: HT
authors: Tuyen
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Tran Thi Ngoc
authors: TT
authors: Dung
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Pham Duc
authors: PD
authors: Trung
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Pham Van
authors: PV
authors: Minh
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Le Thi Phuong
authors: le TP
authors: Tu
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors: James I
authors: JI
authors: Campbell
authors: Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Hoang
authors: H
authors: Le Phuc
authors: Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Ton Thi Thanh
authors: TT
authors: Ha
authors: Children's Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Nguyen Minh
authors: NM
authors: Ngoc
authors: Children's Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh
authors: NT
authors: Huong
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Pham Thi Thanh
authors: PT
authors: Tam
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Dang Thao
authors: DT
authors: Huong
authors: Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam.
authors: Nguyen Van
authors: NV
authors: Xang
authors: Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam.
authors: Nguyen
authors: N
authors: Dong
authors: Dong Thap General Hospital, Dong Thap, Vietnam.
authors: Le Thi
authors: le T
authors: Phuong
authors: Dak Lak General Hospital, Dak Lak, Vietnam.
authors: Nguyen Van
authors: NV
authors: Hung
authors: Hue Central Hospital, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.
authors: Bui Duc
authors: BD
authors: Phu
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Tran My
authors: TM
authors: Phuc
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors: Guy E
authors: GE
authors: Thwaites
authors: Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
authors: Lu Lan
authors: LL
authors: Vi
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors: Maia A
authors: MA
authors: Rabaa
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom cthompson@oucru.org.
authors: Corinne N
authors: CN
authors: Thompson
authors: The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Baker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014744:Vietnam; D014780:Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055815:Young Adult