title: Is complementary and alternative medicine use associated with cancer screening rates for women with functional disabilities?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use with mammogram and Pap test rates and functional disabilities (FDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were derived from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey (n=6576).
  
  
  METHODS
  FDs was defined as physical and/or social limitations. The weighted logistic regression models were performed using SAS software. Study covariates were age, race, education, marital status, usual source of care, and insurance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 6576 women, a majority were Caucasian (87%), with GED or less (40%), married (50%), having usual source of care (96%) and health insurance (91%), and with FDs (56%). The results indicated that some CAM practices were negatively associated with increased mammogram and Pap test rates while other CAM practices were positively associated. The results indicated that CAM practices that contribute to musculoskeletal problems such as acupuncture and massage were associated with the increased mammogram and Pap test rates. Contrary, women who used chiropractic manipulation, biofeedback, guided imagery, and energy hearing therapy were less likely to obtain cancer screenings regularly regardless of having FDs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of several CAM therapies was more likely to be associated with mammogram and Pap test frequency, indicating that the CAM use may be associated with better screening rates due to the improvement of musculoskeletal problems. It is important to determine how each CAM therapy improves secondary health conditions in clinical trials to increase cancer screening rates for women with FDs.
authors: School of Health Professions and Studies, University of Michigan-Flint, United States. Electronic address: rsuzuki@umflint.edu.
authors: Rie
authors: R
authors: Suzuki
authors: School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, United States.
authors: Small
authors: S
authors: Eusebius
authors: School of Health Professions and Studies, University of Michigan-Flint, United States.
authors: Melissa
authors: M
authors: Makled
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D065006:Papanicolaou Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Cancer screenings; Complementary and alternative medicine; Disability