title: Epidemiology and outcomes of squamous ovarian carcinoma; a population-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Squamous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) is a rare tumor. Scarcity of information about the epidemiology and prognosis of SOC hinders attempts at optimal patient management. This retrospective study of a large cohort details the clinicopathological and demographic characteristics and prognosis of women with SOC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of patients drawn from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database who were diagnosed with SOC between 1988 and 2012 were analyzed. Observed and disease-specific survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier plots in women who underwent surgery as part of their cancer-related treatment. A Cox hazard regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of cancer-specific survival in patients with SOC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 341 patients with SOC with a median age at diagnosis of 55 years. Stage I, II, III and IV tumors were noted in 34%, 15%, 20.5% and 24.9% of patients, respectively. Five-year cancer-specific survival was 86% for stage I, 54.3% for stage II, 36.3% for stage III and 2.8% for stage IV disease patients. Observed and cancer-specific survival was better for patients that underwent lymphadenectomy (p=0.031). Postoperative radiotherapy was not associated with improved survival. In a multivariate analysis, independent predictors of improved cancer-specific survival were younger age, lower disease stage and lymphadenectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SOC is typically a unilateral malignancy with a tendency toward loco-regional spread. Stage I patients have a relatively high survival rate; however, the prognosis is poor for women with abdominal or distant spread. Lymphadenectomy, but not postoperative radiotherapy, is associated with improved survival.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Nasioudis
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, AOUCareggi, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: gsisti83@gmail.com.
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Sisti
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Tomi T
authors: TT
authors: Kanninen
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: Holcomb
authors: Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, AOUCareggi, Florence, Italy.
authors: Mariarosaria
authors: M
authors: Di Tommaso
authors: Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, AOUCareggi, Florence, Italy.
authors: Massimiliano
authors: M
authors: Fambrini
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Steven S
authors: SS
authors: Witkin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018426:SEER Program; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: SEER; Squamous ovarian carcinoma; epidemiology ovarian tumor; prognosis ovarian tumor