title: The Tuscan Mobile Simulation Program: a description of a program for the delivery of in situ simulation training.
abstract: Simulation has become a critical aspect of medical education. It allows health care providers the opportunity to focus on safety and high-risk situations in a protected environment. Recently, in situ simulation, which is performed in the actual clinical setting, has been used to recreate a more realistic work environment. This form of simulation allows for better team evaluation as the workers are in their traditional roles, and can reveal latent safety errors that often are not seen in typical simulation scenarios. We discuss the creation and implementation of a mobile in situ simulation program in emergency departments of three hospitals in Tuscany, Italy, including equipment, staffing, and start-up costs for this program. We also describe latent safety threats identified in the pilot in situ simulations. This novel approach has the potential to both reduce the costs of simulation compared to traditional simulation centers, and to expand medical simulation experiences to providers and healthcare organizations that do not have access to a large simulation center.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Deaconess Road, WCC2, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. eullman@bidmc.harvard.edu.
authors: Edward
authors: E
authors: Ullman
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Deaconess Road, WCC2, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
authors: Maura
authors: M
authors: Kennedy
authors: Inter-institutional Integrated Department, University of Florence and Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.|Local Healthcare Authority, ASL 10, Florence, Tuscany, Italy.
authors: Francesco Dojmi
authors: FD
authors: Di Delupis
authors: Inter-institutional Integrated Department, University of Florence and Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.|Department of Emergency Medicine, Grosseto Hospital, ASL 9, Grosseto, Italy.
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Pisanelli
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors: Andrea Giuliattini
authors: AG
authors: Burbui
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Deaconess Road, WCC2, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
authors: Meaghan
authors: M
authors: Cussen
authors: Inter-institutional Integrated Department, University of Florence and Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Galli
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors: Riccardo
authors: R
authors: Pini
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence and Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Florence, Italy.
authors: Gian Franco
authors: GF
authors: Gensini
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D000067498:Crew Resource Management, Healthcare / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D016730:Program Development; D000066908:Simulation Training / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D000078329:Workforce
keywords: Emergency medicine simulation; In situ simulation; Mobile simulation; Simulation; Tuscany