title: Sustained efficacy of insulin pump therapy compared with multiple daily injections in type 2 diabetes: 12-month data from the OpT2mise randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare insulin pump therapy and multiple daily injections (MDI) in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving basal and prandial insulin analogues.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 2-month dose-optimization period, 331 patients with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ≥8.0% and ≤12% were randomized to pump therapy or continued MDI for 6 months [randomization phase (RP)]. The MDI group was subsequently switched to pump therapy during a 6-month continuation phase (CP). The primary endpoint was the between-group difference in change in mean HbA1c from baseline to the end of the RP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean HbA1c at baseline was 9% in both groups. At the end of the RP, the reduction in HbA1c was significantly greater with pump therapy than with MDI (-1.1 ± 1.2% vs -0.4 ± 1.1%; p < 0.001). The pump therapy group maintained this improvement to 12 months while the MDI group, which was switched to pump therapy, showed a 0.8% reduction: the final HbA1c level was identical in both arms. In the RP, total daily insulin dose (TDD) was 20.4% lower with pump therapy than with MDI and remained stable in the CP. The MDI-pump group showed a 19% decline in TDD, such that by 12 months TDD was equivalent in both groups. There were no differences in weight gain or ketoacidosis between groups. In the CP, one patient in each group experienced severe hypoglycaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pump therapy has a sustained durable effect on glycaemic control in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.
authors: LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Aronson
authors: Department of Endocrinology, University of Caen Côte de Nacre Regional Hospital Center, Caen, France.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Reznik
authors: Diabetes Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Conget
authors: Medtronic Bakken Research Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Castañeda
authors: Medtronic International Trading Sàrl, Tolochenaz, Switzerland.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Runzis
authors: Medtronic Diabetes, Northridge, CA, USA.
authors: S W
authors: SW
authors: Lee
authors: Institute of Endocrinology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems / Q000009:adverse effects; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061266:Insulin, Short-Acting / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D017060:Patient Satisfaction
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D061266:Insulin, Short-Acting; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; insulin pump; multiple daily injections; type 2 diabetes