title: miRNA Deregulation in Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment.
abstract: miRNAs are a key component of the noncoding RNA family. The underlying mechanisms involved in the interplay between the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells involve highly dynamic factors such as hypoxia and cell types such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages. Although miRNA levels are known to be altered in cancer cells, recent evidence suggests a critical role for the tumor microenvironment in regulating miRNA biogenesis, methylation, and transcriptional changes. Here, we discuss the complex protumorigenic symbiotic role between tumor cells, the tumor microenvironment, and miRNA deregulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  miRNAs play a central role in cell signaling and homeostasis. In this article, we provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms involved in the deregulation of miRNAs in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment and discuss therapeutic intervention strategies to overcome this deregulation.
authors: Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors: Rajesha
authors: R
authors: Rupaimoole
authors: Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors: George A
authors: GA
authors: Calin
authors: Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Lopez-Berestein
authors: Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. asood@mdanderson.org.
authors: Anil K
authors: AK
authors: Sood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs