title: Pathophysiological effects caused by the venom of the social wasp Synoeca surinama.
abstract: Envenomation by wasp stings is a public health preoccupation, and signals after stings have variable effects depending on the number of attacks and individual sensitivities. Even with the high rate of wasp sting cases, the study of phatophysiological effects of the envenomation is still very incipient. In this context, early and accurate assessment of this prognostic can aid in the reduction of the symptomatology and complete remission of the later symptoms. Then, the present study evaluated the toxicological effects caused by envenomation produced by Synoeca surinama, a wasp easily found in Neotropical regions. In vivo tests comprised the evaluation of LD50 (OECD 423), nociception, edema, myotoxic lesion and hemorrhage induction, in vitro tests were realized to evaluate hemolysis, contractile and coagulation alteration. The envenomation effects observed were dose- and time-dependent; the LD50 observed for S. surinama was 178 μg/kg, approximately 17 times more lethal than that of the honeybee. Moreover, a potent algesic and oedema effect, and weak hemorrhagic signal were observed after injection of the venom wasp. Assays in vitro showed that this venom is able to prolong the clotting time of plasma and to increase creatine kinase levels. Our results demonstrated that this venom induced serious local and systemic effects in mammals and, so, to avoid permanent damage to the patient, health professionals should carefully investigate each accident. Moreover, due to its high occurrence in Neotropical regions, ecological management, particularly in areas with free access of children and elderly, should be performed.
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Juliana
authors: J
authors: de Castro e Silva
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Fagner Neves
authors: FN
authors: Oliveira
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Catalão, Goiás, Brazil.
authors: Karla Graziela
authors: KG
authors: Moreira
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Andreia Biolchi
authors: AB
authors: Mayer
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Daniel Oliveira
authors: DO
authors: Freire
authors: Center of Biochemical and Proteomic Analysis of Brasilia, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Mariana Dornelas
authors: MD
authors: Cherobim
authors: Center of Biochemical and Proteomic Analysis of Brasilia, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Nelson
authors: N
authors: Gomes de Oliveira Junior
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Carlos Alberto
authors: CA
authors: Schwartz
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors: Elisabeth Ferroni
authors: EF
authors: Schwartz
authors: Laboratory of Toxinology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brazil. Electronic address: mmortari@unb.br.
authors: Márcia Renata
authors: MR
authors: Mortari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D051379:Mice; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D010147:Pain Measurement; D051381:Rats; D014862:Wasp Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D014863:Wasps / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014862:Wasp Venoms
keywords: Envenomation; Hemorraghic; Hymenoptera; Nociceptive activity; Oedematogenic; Toxicity