title: The Potential Health Benefits of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Cichorium intybus L. Studied on Caco-2 Cells Model.
abstract: Phytochemicals can exert their bioactivity without reaching the systemic circulation; scarcely absorbed antioxidants might reach the large bowel contributing to protection from oxidative damage-induced gastrointestinal diseases. In the present work, we aimed to study the relationship between potential activity of polyphenol-rich extracts from Cichorium intybus L. and changes in morphological characteristics on Caco-2 cells. Phytochemicals content (carotenoids and flavonoids) and total antioxidant activity of Red Chicory of Treviso and Variegated Chicory of Castelfranco were evaluated. The bioactivity of polyphenol-rich extracts from chicories was studied in in vitro Caco-2 cell monolayers model. Morphological characteristics changes to test the antioxidant and/or prooxidant effect were verified by histological analysis and observed by Electronic Scansion Microscopy (SEM). On Caco-2 cell model, the polyphenols fractions from chicories have indicated a moderate antioxidant behavior until 17 μM concentration, while 70 μM and 34 μM exert cytotoxic effects for Treviso's and Castelfranco's Chicory, respectively, highlighted by TEER decreasing, increased permeability, and alteration of epithelium. Our findings support the beneficial effects of these products in counteracting the oxidative stress and cellular damage, induced in vitro on Caco-2 cell model, through interaction with the mucopolysaccharide complexes in the glycocalyx, maintaining in vivo a healthy and effective intestinal barrier.
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Azzini
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Maiani
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Garaguso
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Polito
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Maria S
authors: MS
authors: Foddai
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Eugenia
authors: E
authors: Venneria
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Durazzo
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Intorre
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Lara
authors: L
authors: Palomba
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Maria L
authors: ML
authors: Rauseo
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Ginevra
authors: G
authors: Lombardi-Boccia
authors: Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Nobili
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D018938:Caco-2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D018651:Cichorium intybus / Q000737:chemistry*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry; D019276:Glycocalyx / Q000737:chemistry; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010539:Permeability; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species