title: The roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in phytoremediation and tree-herb interactions in Pb contaminated soil.
abstract: Understanding the roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in plant interaction is essential for optimizing plant distribution to restore degraded ecosystems. This study investigated the effects of AMF and the presence of legume or grass herbs on phytoremediation with a legume tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, in Pb polluted soil. In monoculture, mycorrhizal dependency of legumes was higher than that of grass, and AMF benefited the plant biomass of legumes but had no effect on grass. Mycorrhizal colonization of plant was enhanced by legume neighbors but inhibited by grass neighbor in co-culture system. N, P, S and Mg concentrations of mycorrhizal legumes were larger than these of non-mycorrhizal legumes. Legume herbs decreased soil pH and thereby increased the Pb concentrations of plants. The neighbor effects of legumes shifted from negative to positive with increasing Pb stress levels, whereas grass provided a negative effect on the growth of legume tree. AMF enhanced the competition but equalized growth of legume-legume under unpolluted and Pb stress conditions, respectively. In conclusion, (1) AMF mediate plant interaction through directly influencing plant biomass, and/or indirectly influencing plant photosynthesis, macronutrient acquisition, (2) legume tree inoculated with AMF and co-planted with legume herbs provides an effective way for Pb phytoremediation.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.|College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Yurong
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.|Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Liang
authors: Plant Systems Biology Lab, Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors: Xiaozhen
authors: X
authors: Han
authors: Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.|Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors: Tsan-Yu
authors: TY
authors: Chiu
authors: School of Energy Science and Engineering, PK Sinha Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Ghosh
authors: College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000254:growth & development*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D031301:Robinia / Q000382:microbiology*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007854:Lead