title: Characteristics Associated With Urethral and Rectal Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Diagnoses in a US National Sample of Gay and Bisexual Men: Results From the One Thousand Strong Panel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gay and bisexual men are at elevated risk for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis (GC/CT). Rectal GC/CT symptoms may be less obvious than urethral, increasing opportunities for undiagnosed rectal GC/CT.
  
  
  METHODS
  A US national sample of 1071 gay and bisexual men completed urethral and rectal GC/CT testing and an online survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 6.2% were GC/CT positive (5.3% rectal, 1.7% urethral). We calculated adjusted (for education, race, age, relationship status, having health insurance, and income) odds ratios for factors associated with rectal and urethral GC/CT diagnoses. Age was inversely associated with urethral and rectal GC/CT. Compared with white men, Latinos had significantly greater odds of rectal GC/CT. Among men who reported anal sex, those reporting only insertive sex had lower odds of rectal GC/CT than did men who reported both insertive and receptive. There was a positive association between rectal GC/CT and number of male partners (<12 months), the number of anal receptive acts, receptive condomless anal sex (CAS) acts, and insertive CAS acts. Compared with those who had engaged in both insertive and receptive anal sex, those who engaged in only receptive anal sex had lower odds of urethral GC/CT. The number of male partners (<12 months) was associated with increased odds of urethral GC/CT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rectal GC/CT was more common than urethral and associated with some demographic and behavioral characteristics. Our finding that insertive CAS acts was associated with rectal GC/CT highlights that providers should screen patients for GC/CT via a full range of transmission routes, lest GC/CT go undiagnosed.
authors: From the Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training, New York, NY.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Grov
authors: Demetria
authors: D
authors: Cain
authors: H Jonathan
authors: HJ
authors: Rendina
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Ventuneac
authors: Jeffrey T
authors: JT
authors: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001727:Bisexuality; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006716:Homosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D015995:Prevalence; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control