title: 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin Reversed M2 Polarization of Tumor-associated Macrophages Induced by Liver Cancer Stem-like Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is related to chronic liver inflammation. M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment promotes liver cancer stem-like cell (LCSLC) self-renewal capability and carcinogenicity. Therefore, reversing M2 polarization of TAMs could be an effective approach to cure HCC.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin (BrMC) has an effect on M2 polarization of TAMs.
  
  
  METHODS
  LCSLC and conditional medium were obtained by sphere forming assay. Identification of LCSLC were analyzed by sphere forming, wound-healing and invasion assay. TAM and effects of BrMC on it were validated by immunofluorescence staining, ELISA and griess assay. Expressions of cancer stem cell and macrophage marker were analyzed by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed that BrMC significantly suppressed the expression of the M2 macrophage marker CD163. Furthermore, BrMC influenced the secretion profile of cytokines of TAMs. Mechanistically, BrMC reversed M2 polarization of TAMs due to inhibition of NF-κB activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BrMC may be a potentially novel flavonoid agent that can be applied for disrupting the interaction of LCSLCs and TAMs.
authors: Shuwen
authors: S
authors: Sun
authors: Yinghong
authors: Y
authors: Cui
authors: Kaiqun
authors: K
authors: Ren
authors: Meifang
authors: M
authors: Quan
authors: Zhenwei
authors: Z
authors: Song
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Zou
authors: Duo
authors: D
authors: Li
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410013,China.
authors: Jianguo
authors: J
authors: Cao
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: C552860:8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D005419:Flavonoids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface