title: Internal Domains of Natural Porous Media Revealed: Critical Locations for Transport, Storage, and Chemical Reaction.
abstract: Internal pore domains exist within rocks, lithic fragments, subsurface sediments, and soil aggregates. These domains, termed internal domains in porous media (IDPM), represent a subset of a material's porosity, contain a significant fraction of their porosity as nanopores, dominate the reactive surface area of diverse media types, and are important locations for chemical reactivity and fluid storage. IDPM are key features controlling hydrocarbon release from shales in hydraulic fracture systems, organic matter decomposition in soil, weathering and soil formation, and contaminant behavior in the vadose zone and groundwater. Traditionally difficult to interrogate, advances in instrumentation and imaging methods are providing new insights on the physical structures and chemical attributes of IDPM, and their contributions to system behaviors. Here we discuss analytical methods to characterize IDPM, evaluate information on their size distributions, connectivity, and extended structures; determine whether they exhibit unique chemical reactivity; and assess the potential for their inclusion in reactive transport models. Ongoing developments in measurement technologies and sensitivity, and computer-assisted interpretation will improve understanding of these critical features in the future. Impactful research opportunities exist to advance understanding of IDPM, and to incorporate their effects in reactive transport models for improved environmental simulation and prediction.
authors: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Zachara
authors: Penn State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
authors: Sue
authors: S
authors: Brantley
authors: University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States.
authors: Jon
authors: J
authors: Chorover
authors: Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Ewing
authors: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.
authors: Sebastien
authors: S
authors: Kerisit
authors: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.
authors: Chongxuan
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.
authors: Edmund
authors: E
authors: Perfect
authors: Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
authors: Gernot
authors: G
authors: Rother
authors: Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
authors: Andrew G
authors: AG
authors: Stack
mesh_terms: D055593:Geological Phenomena; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D008903:Minerals; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016062:Porosity
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals