title: Diet-induced and mono-genetic obesity alter volatile organic compound signature in mice.
abstract: The prevalence of obesity is still rising in many countries, resulting in an increased risk of associated metabolic diseases. In this study we aimed to describe the volatile organic compound (VOC) patterns symptomatic for obesity. We analyzed high fat diet (HFD) induced obese and mono-genetic obese mice (global knock-in mutation in melanocortin-4 receptor MC4R-ki). The source strengths of 208 VOCs were analyzed in ad libitum fed mice and after overnight food restriction. Volatiles relevant for a random forest-based separation of obese mice were detected (26 in MC4R-ki, 22 in HFD mice). Eight volatiles were found to be important in both obesity models. Interestingly, by creating a partial correlation network of the volatile metabolites, the chemical and metabolic origins of several volatiles were identified. HFD-induced obese mice showed an elevation in the ketone body acetone and acrolein, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and several unidentified volatiles. In MC4R-ki mice, several yet-unidentified VOCs were found to be altered. Remarkably, the pheromone (methylthio)methanethiol was found to be reduced, linking metabolic dysfunction and reproduction. The signature of volatile metabolites can be instrumental in identifying and monitoring metabolic disease states, as shown in the screening of the two obese mouse models in this study. Our findings show the potential of breath gas analysis to non-invasively assess metabolic alterations for personalized diagnosis.
authors: Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany. German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Kistler
authors: Andreea
authors: A
authors: Muntean
authors: Wilfried
authors: W
authors: Szymczak
authors: Nadine
authors: N
authors: Rink
authors: Helmut
authors: H
authors: Fuchs
authors: Valerie
authors: V
authors: Gailus-Durner
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Wurst
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Hoeschen
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Klingenspor
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Hrabě de Angelis
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Rozman
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000032:analysis; D000171:Acrolein / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D001944:Breath Tests; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D000096:Acetone; D000171:Acrolein