title: Graphene-Iodine Nanocomposites: Highly Potent Bacterial Inhibitors that are Bio-compatible with Human Cells.
abstract: Graphene-composites, capable of inhibiting bacterial growth which is also bio-compatible with human cells have been highly sought after. Here we report for the first time the preparation of new graphene-iodine nano-composites via electrostatic interactions between positively charged graphene derivatives and triiodide anions. The resulting composites were characterized by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, UV-spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial potential of these graphene-iodine composites against Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirobilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli was investigated. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the nanocomposite with human cells [human white blood cells (WBC), HeLa, MDA-MB-231, Fibroblast (primary human keratinocyte) and Keratinocyte (immortalized fibroblast)], was assessed. DGO (Double-oxidizes graphene oxide) was prepared by the additional oxidation of GO (graphene oxide). This generates more oxygen containing functional groups that can readily trap more H(+), thus generating a positively charged surface area under highly acidic conditions. This step allowed bonding with a greater number of anionic triiodides and generated the most potent antibacterial agent among graphene-iodine and as-made povidone-iodine (PVP-I) composites also exhibited nontoxic to human cells culture. Thus, these nano-composites can be used to inhibit the growth of various bacterial species. Importantly, they are also very low-cytotoxic to human cells culture.
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.|Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019, India.
authors: Surajit
authors: S
authors: Some
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Ji Soo
authors: JS
authors: Sohn
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Junmoo
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Su-Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Su Chan
authors: SC
authors: Lee
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.|Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jungpyo
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Iman
authors: I
authors: Shackery
authors: Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sang Kyum
authors: SK
authors: Kim
authors: Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea.
authors: So Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Kim
authors: Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea.
authors: Nakwon
authors: N
authors: Choi
authors: Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea.
authors: Il-Joo
authors: IJ
authors: Cho
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Hyo-Il
authors: HI
authors: Jung
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Shinill
authors: S
authors: Kang
authors: School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
authors: Seong Chan
authors: SC
authors: Jun
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis; D007455:Iodine / Q000737:chemistry*; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D016209:Interleukin-8; D006108:Graphite; D007455:Iodine