title: Associations between the number of natural teeth in postmenopausal women and duration of lactation: The 2010-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lactation is reported to be associated with changes in maternal calcium homeostasis. The relationship between lactation and long-term oral health remains to be revealed. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between lactation and the number of natural teeth in postmenopausal women using nationally representative data.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2012 were used, and the analysis in this study was confined to 4211 respondents over 19 years old who had gone through menopause and had no missing values for the reproductive factors and outcome variables. The total number of natural teeth was then calculated after excluding third molars. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations of the number of natural teeth and lactation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As the duration of total lactation increased, the number of natural teeth decreased. Average duration of lactation per child showed similar trends. The association between the total duration of lactation and the number of natural teeth showed an inverse relationship with a beta value of -0.0181 per day after adjustment, and the beta value of the average duration of lactation per child was -0.0287 after the adjustment. The odds ratios of the percentage of individuals with the number of teeth ≤ 27 tended to increase with increased duration of lactation. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 1.830 (1.009, 3.320); 1.142 (0.765, 1.704); 1.159 (0.807, 1.664); and 0.857 (0.563, 1.306) for lactation period of ≥ 25 months, 13-24 months, 7-12 months, ≤ 6 months, and no lactation, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study investigated the relationship between the number of teeth and the total duration of lactation or an average duration of lactation per child using nationally representative data. Total duration of lactation and average duration of lactation per child were inversely related to the number of natural teeth. Lactation may be considered to be an independent risk indicator for tooth loss in Korean postmenopausal women.
authors: Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyungdo
authors: K
authors: Han
authors: Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Youngkyung
authors: Y
authors: Ko
authors: Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yong-Gyu
authors: YG
authors: Park
authors: Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jbassoonis@yahoo.co.kr.
authors: Jun-Beom
authors: JB
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D017698:Postmenopause; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Breast feeding; Dentition; Epidemiology; Lactation; Menopause; Oral health; Parity; Tooth loss