title: Expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α correlates to biological and clinical significance in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to detect the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) compared with normal thyroid tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mRNA levels and protein levels of HIF-1α and HIF-2α were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot separately in 30 pairs of PTCs and normal thyroid cases. The protein levels were also detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using 92 samples of PTC group and 46 normal samples as control group for analyzing the biological and clinical significance of the expression of HIF-1α/HIF-2α.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Real-time PCR results showed the mRNA level of HIF-1α and HIF-2α were significantly higher in PTC than normal group (P<0.001). Also, significantly higher positive rates (73%/65%) of HIF-1α and HIF-2α were observed in PTC compared with the control group (27%/35%) by IHC (P<0.01); the consistent results were gotten with Western blot. Although we did not find a significant correlation between the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α with gender, age, calcification, or Hashimoto's disease in the present study (P>0.05), both of their expressions were correlated to lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), capsular invasion (P<0.05), and TNM stage (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α are associated with the carcinogenesis of PTC, served as potential biomarkers of PTC.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. meilijindou@126.com.
authors: Yan-Mei
authors: YM
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. yingsp@enzemed.com.
authors: Shen-Peng
authors: SP
authors: Ying
authors: Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. xieyouyou@126.com.
authors: Ying-Rui
authors: YR
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. pany@enzemed.com.
authors: Yin
authors: Y
authors: Pan
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. yexiaobosmile@126.com.
authors: Wei-Jun
authors: WJ
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. nilq@enzemed.com.
authors: Ling-Qin
authors: LQ
authors: Ni
authors: Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. ye1243456@qq.com.
authors: Jin-Ye
authors: JY
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China. 316436116@qq.com.
authors: Qin-Yan
authors: QY
authors: Shen
authors: Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China. liangytu@aliyun.com.|Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China. liangytu@aliyun.com.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Liang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1; C497442:HIF1A protein, human