title: Theranostic Nanoseeds for Efficacious Internal Radiation Therapy of Unresectable Solid Tumors.
abstract: Malignant tumors are considered "unresectable" if they are adhere to vital structures or the surgery would cause irreversible damages to the patients. Though a variety of cytotoxic drugs and radiation therapies are currently available in clinical practice to treat such tumor masses, these therapeutic modalities are always associated with substantial side effects. Here, we report an injectable nanoparticle-based internal radiation source that potentially offers more efficacious treatment of unresectable solid tumors without significant adverse side effects. Using a highly efficient incorporation procedure, palladium-103, a brachytherapy radioisotope in clinical practice, was coated to monodispersed hollow gold nanoparticles with a diameter about 120 nm, to form (103)Pd@Au nanoseeds. The therapeutic efficacy of (103)Pd@Au nanoseeds were assessed when intratumorally injected into a prostate cancer xenograft model. Five weeks after a single-dose treatment, a significant tumor burden reduction (>80%) was observed without noticeable side effects on the liver, spleen and other organs. Impressively, >95% nanoseeds were retained inside the tumors as monitored by Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) with the gamma emissions of (103)Pd. These findings show that this nanoseed-based brachytherapy has the potential to provide a theranostic solution to unresectable solid tumors.
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
authors: Sina
authors: S
authors: Moeendarbari
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Rakesh
authors: R
authors: Tekade
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Aditi
authors: A
authors: Mulgaonkar
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Preston
authors: P
authors: Christensen
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Saleh
authors: S
authors: Ramezani
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Gedaa
authors: G
authors: Hassan
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
authors: Ruiqian
authors: R
authors: Jiang
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Orhan K
authors: OK
authors: Öz
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
authors: Yaowu
authors: Y
authors: Hao
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.|Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors: Xiankai
authors: X
authors: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001918:Brachytherapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011868:Radioisotopes; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D010165:Palladium; D006046:Gold