title: IL-10+ Innate-like B Cells Are Part of the Skin Immune System and Require α4β1 Integrin To Migrate between the Peritoneum and Inflamed Skin.
abstract: The skin is an important barrier organ and frequent target of autoimmunity and allergy. In this study, we found innate-like B cells that expressed the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the skin of humans and mice. Unexpectedly, innate-like B1 and conventional B2 cells showed differential homing capacities with peritoneal B1 cells preferentially migrating into the inflamed skin of mice. Importantly, the skin-homing B1 cells included IL-10-secreting cells. B1 cell homing into the skin was independent of typical skin-homing trafficking receptors and instead required α4β1-integrin. Moreover, B1 cells constitutively expressed activated β1 integrin and relocated from the peritoneum to the inflamed skin and intestine upon innate stimulation, indicating an inherent propensity to extravasate into inflamed and barrier sites. We conclude that innate-like B cells migrate from central reservoirs into skin, adding an important cell type with regulatory and protective functions to the skin immune system.
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Skye A
authors: SA
authors: Geherin
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Daniela
authors: D
authors: Gómez
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Raisa A
authors: RA
authors: Glabman
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Gordon
authors: G
authors: Ruthel
authors: Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany.
authors: Alf
authors: A
authors: Hamann
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Gudrun F
authors: GF
authors: Debes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1 / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000276:immunology; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10