title: Infection of goats with goatpox virus triggers host antiviral defense through activation of innate immune signaling.
abstract: Goatpox, caused by goatpox virus (GTPV), is one of the most serious infectious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality in goats. However, little is known about involvement of host innate immunity during the GTPV infection. For this, goats were experimentally infected with GTPV. The results showed that GTPV infection significantly induced mRNA expression of type I interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-β in peripheral blood lymphocytes, spleen and lung. In addition, GTPV infection enhanced expression of several inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18; and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Strikingly, infection with GTPV activated signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), a critical cytokine signaling molecule. Interestingly, the virus infection induced expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1. Importantly, the infection resulted in an increased expression of some critical interferon-stimulated genes, such as interferon-induced transmembrane protein (IFITM) 1, IFITM3, interferon stimulated gene (ISG) 15 and ISG20. Furthermore, we found that infection with GTPV up-regulated expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR9. These results revealed that GTPV infection activated host innate immune signaling and thereby triggered antiviral innate immunity. The findings provide novel insights into complex mechanisms underlying GTPV-host interaction and pathogenesis of GTPV.
authors: College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors: Xiancheng
authors: X
authors: Zeng
authors: College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors: Song
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors: Xiaojuan
authors: X
authors: Chi
authors: College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors: Shi-long
authors: SL
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
authors: Shile
authors: S
authors: Huang
authors: College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors: Qunqun
authors: Q
authors: Lin
authors: College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address: mrcfafu@163.com.
authors: Baogui
authors: B
authors: Xie
authors: College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address: chenjl@im.ac.cn.
authors: Ji-Long
authors: JL
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018151:Capripoxvirus / Q000502:physiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006041:Goats; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007372:Interferons / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D011213:Poxviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D011897:Random Allocation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007372:Interferons
keywords: Goatpox virus; IFN-stimulated genes; Innate immunity; Toll-like receptor; Type I interferons