title: [Morphofunctional Changes of Spleen After Hemostasis by Nonequilibrium Plasma].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heavy bleeding is developed in case of spleen injury. It often leads to death. At present the search and development of new methods for hemostasis of spleen bleeding continues. An innovative method is coagulation of nonequilibrium plasma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to study the effect of nonequilibrium plasma on the morphofunctional state of the spleen.
  
  
  METHODS
  The non-randomized study by type of "case-control" was conducted. The experiment was carried out on 45 male rabbits weighing 3000-3200 g. 1st group (control; n = 5)--intact animals without surgery; 2nd group (experimental, n = 40)--animals after atypical resection of the spleen and hemostasis by nonequilibrium plasma. The volume of blood loss, FBC, histological data, splenogram analysis data were assessed at defined periods (60 min, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 30th, 90th, 180th days) after surgery. They were compared with data of the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The volume of blood loss during the resection of the spleen with hemostasis by nonequilibrium plasma was 16.6 [15.98; 17.22] ml. Increase of neutrophil to 38 [24; 39] (control group 17[13, 18], p = 0.009), monocytes to 15 [14, 18] (control group 8 [6, 11], p = 0.036) is revealed in the FBC in the early period after hemostasis with nonequilibrium plasma. It is reduced to the norm on 30 day. Histological examination revealed leukocyte infiltration, edema, microvascular stasis, dilatation of vessels in the early period. At long-term period structure of the organ is normalized. Splenogramm analysis revealed a statistically significant (p = 0.023) decrease in the relative number of small lymphocytes by 28% in animals after hemostasis with nonequilibrium plasma as compared to control (23.3 [179; 26.7] versus 30.8 [29.25; 34.3] respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  treatment of bleeding surface by plasma flow for 1.5-2 min is required order to achieve effective hemostasis during surgery of spleen injuries in the experiment. After coagulation there is minimal damage of the spleen parenchyma, which manifests itself as activation reaction. At long-term period parenchyma ofthe spleen completely regenerates with theformation of cicatrical tissue that does not affect thefunctioning of organ.
authors: E V
authors: EV
authors: Semichev
authors: A N
authors: AN
authors: Baikov
authors: N M
authors: NM
authors: Shevtsova
authors: P S
authors: PS
authors: Bushlanov
authors: E A
authors: EA
authors: Gereng
authors: A N
authors: AN
authors: Aleinik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D008297:Male; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D011817:Rabbits; D013154:Spleen / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*