title: Investigation of Possible Maillard Reaction Between Acyclovir and Dextrose upon Dilution Prior to Parenteral Administration.
abstract: In this study the stability of parenteral acyclovir (ACV) when diluted in dextrose (DEX) as large volume intravenous fluid preparation (LVIF) was evaluated and the possible Maillard reaction adducts were monitored in the recommended infusion time. Different physicochemical methods were used to evaluate the Maillard reaction of dextrose with ACV to track the reaction in real infusion condition. Other large volume intravenous fluids were checked regarding the diluted drug stability profile. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mass data proved the reaction of glucose with dextrose. A Maillard-specific high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to track the reaction in real infusion condition in vitro. The nucleophilic reaction occurred in diluted parenteral preparations of acyclovir in 5% dextrose solutions. The best diluent solution was also selected as sodium chloride and introduced based on drug stability and also its adsorption onto different infusion sets (PVC or non PVC) to provide an acceptable administration protocol in clinical practices. Although, the Maillard reaction was proved and successfully tracked in diluted solutions, and the level of drug loss when diluted in dextrose was reported to be between 0.27 up to 1.03% of the initial content. There was no drug adsorption to common infusion sets. The best diluent for parenteral acyclovir is sodium chloride large volume intravenous fluid.
authors: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.|Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166414766, Iran.
authors: Mohammad Reza
authors: MR
authors: Siahi Shadbad
authors: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.|Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Faranak
authors: F
authors: Ghaderi
authors: Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors: Leila
authors: L
authors: Hatami
authors: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. farnaz_m76@yahoo.com.|Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166414766, Iran. farnaz_m76@yahoo.com.
authors: Farnaz
authors: F
authors: Monajjemzadeh
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000737:chemistry*; D000327:Adsorption; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning / Q000379:methods; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000379:methods; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions / Q000737:chemistry*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005947:Glucose; D000212:Acyclovir
keywords: incompatibility; large volume intravenous fluid; mass Spectrometry; physicochemical; stability