title: The Effect of Campylobacter concisus on Expression of IL-18, TNF-α and p53 in Barrett's Cell Lines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Barrett's oesophagus is a pre-malignant condition at gastroesophageal junction in which normal squamous epithelium is replaced by columnar shape epithelium, which predisposes oesophageal adenocarcinoma. It is known that Barrett's oesophagus evolves as a consequence of chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Although progression of Barrett's oesophagus to adenocarcinoma is still unclear, increasing incidence of oesophageal cancer and mortality worldwide make its study necessary. Several investigations have been made on the aetiology of oesophageal cancer. Most of them assessed genetical or environmental factors. However, potential role of bacteria in the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma as a new environmental factor has not been addressed. Previous study on Barrett's disease detected presence of Campylobacter concisus as a new emerging pathogen on Barrett's and oesophageal cancer samples compared with healthy individuals. This indicates that this organism might involve in the progression of Barrett's to oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to determine the effects of C. concisus on expression of three biomarkers including interleukin-18 (IL-18), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and tumour suppressor gene (p53) in three Barrett's cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative real-time PCR assays were developed to measure expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-18 and TNF-α) and gene expression of p53 in Barrett's cell lines in co-culture with C. concisus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mentioned organism was able to modulate considerably expression of p53, TNF-α and IL-18 in a time-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that microorganism influences expression of carcinogenesis biomarker and cytokines in cell line models and possibility promotes oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
authors: Department of Microbiology of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS-IC), Tehran, IR Iran; Microbiology and Gut Biology Group, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital Medical School, Dundee, UK.
authors: Behrooz
authors: B
authors: Mozaffari Namin
authors: Food Microbiology Research Center, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran; Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Mohammad Mehdi
authors: MM
authors: Soltan Dallal
authors: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors: Nasser
authors: N
authors: Ebrahimi Daryani
keywords: Barrett Oesophagus; Campylobacter concisus; Genes; Interleukin-18; Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α); p53