title: Experimental Evaluation of a Braille-Reading-Inspired Finger Motion Adaptive Algorithm.
abstract: Braille reading is a complex process involving intricate finger-motion patterns and finger-rubbing actions across Braille letters for the stimulation of appropriate nerves. Although Braille reading is performed by smoothly moving the finger from left-to-right, research shows that even fluent reading requires right-to-left movements of the finger, known as "reversal". Reversals are crucial as they not only enhance stimulation of nerves for correctly reading the letters, but they also show one to re-read the letters that were missed in the first pass. Moreover, it is known that reversals can be performed as often as in every sentence and can start at any location in a sentence. Here, we report experimental results on the feasibility of an algorithm that can render a machine to automatically adapt to reversal gestures of one's finger. Through Braille-reading-analogous tasks, the algorithm is tested with thirty sighted subjects that volunteered in the study. We find that the finger motion adaptive algorithm (FMAA) is useful in achieving cooperation between human finger and the machine. In the presence of FMAA, subjects' performance metrics associated with the tasks have significantly improved as supported by statistical analysis. In light of these encouraging results, preliminary experiments are carried out with five blind subjects with the aim to put the algorithm to test. Results obtained from carefully designed experiments showed that subjects' Braille reading accuracy in the presence of FMAA was more favorable then when FMAA was turned off. Utilization of FMAA in future generation Braille reading devices thus holds strong promise.
authors: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors: Melda
authors: M
authors: Ulusoy
authors: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America.
authors: Rifat
authors: R
authors: Sipahi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001766:Blindness; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D011932:Reading; D013997:Time Factors; D014110:Touch; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult