title: New concepts of microbial treatment processes for the nitrogen removal: effect of protein and amino acids degradation.
abstract: High concentrations of proteins and amino acids can be found in wastewater and wastewater stream produced in anaerobic digesters, having shown that amino acids could persist over different managements for nitrogen removal affecting the nitrogen removal processes. Nitrogen removal is completely necessary because of their implications and the significant adverse environmental impact of ammonium such as eutrophication and toxicity to aquatic life on the receiving bodies. In the last decade, the treatment of effluents with high ammonium concentration through anammox-based bioprocesses has been enhanced because these biotechnologies are cheaper and more environmentally friendly than conventional technologies. However, it has been shown that the presence of important amounts of proteins and amino acids in the effluents seriously affects the microbial autotrophic consortia leading to important losses in terms of ammonium oxidation efficiency. Particularly the presence of sulfur amino acids such as methionine and cysteine has been reported to drastically decrease the autotrophic denitrification processes as well as affect the microbial community structure promoting the decline of ammonium oxidizing bacteria in favor of other phylotypes. In this context we discuss that new biotechnological processes that improve the degradation of protein and amino acids must be considered as a priority to increase the performance of the autotrophic denitrification biotechnologies.
authors: Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, Aalto, P.O. Box 15200, 00076, Espoo, Finland.
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: González-Martínez
authors: Ecology and Natural Resources Department, Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, D.F., Mexico.|Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Calle Ramon y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain.
authors: Kadiya
authors: K
authors: Calderón
authors: Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Calle Ramon y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain. jgl@ugr.es.
authors: Jesús
authors: J
authors: González-López
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D052818:Autotrophic Processes; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D009584:Nitrogen; D011506:Proteins; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Amino acids; Microbial population; Nitrogen removal; Proteins; Wastewater