title: Effects of Wearing Compression Stockings on the Physical Performance of T2DM Men with MetS.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with macro- and microcirculatory complications that reduce physical performance. Wearing compression garments to potentially optimize hemodynamics has been discussed. This study investigates the effects of wearing compression stockings on physical performance-related variables in type 2 diabetic men with metabolic syndrome (n=9, 57±12 years, BMI: 36±4 kg/m(2)). Participants served as their own controls in a randomized 3*3 crossover study wearing below-knee stockings with either compression (24 or 30 mmHg ankle pressure) or no compression. Venous pooling and lower limb oxygenation profiles were determined with near-infrared spectroscopy and arterial oxygen saturation was determined using a pulse oxymeter. Measurements were performed in the supine lying position, during standing, following 10 tiptoe exercises and after submaximal intensity cycling. In addition, lactate and erythrocyte deformability were analyzed in capillary blood pre- and post-exercise. Erythrocyte deformability was analyzed using a laser-assisted optical rotational red cell analyzer. No significant differences in any variables when wearing different compression or regular stockings were evident at any point of measurement. This study did not reveal any beneficial effects of wearing compression stockings at rest and during acute bouts of moderately intense exercise in this particular patient group.
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Brinkmann
authors: Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Hermann
authors: Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Rühl
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kerzel
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Reinhardt
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Grau
authors: Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Latsch
authors: RheinAhrCampus, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, Germany.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kohl-Bareis
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Bloch
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Brixius
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D004907:Erythrocyte Deformability; D005080:Exercise Test; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010092:Oximetry; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012146:Rest; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D053828:Stockings, Compression; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid