title: Mediterranean diet cools down the inflammatory milieu in type 2 diabetes: the MÉDITA randomized controlled trial.
abstract: Mediterranean-style diets provide cardiovascular benefits and increase insulin sensitivity. There is little evidence that adherence to Mediterranean diet may influence the levels of the inflammatory milieu in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess whether Mediterranean diet influences both C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and whether adherence to Mediterranean diet affects their circulating levels. In a two-arm, single-center trial, 215 men and women with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomized to a Mediterranean diet (n = 108, 54 males and 54 females) or a low-fat diet (n = 107, 52 males and 55 females), with a total follow-up of 8.1 years. At baseline visit and at 1 year, body weight, HOMA index, CRP, and adiponectin and its fractions were assessed. Adherence to the diets was assessed by calculating the Mediterranean-diet score. At 1 year, CPR fell by 37 % and adiponectin rose by 43 % in the Mediterranean diet group, while remaining unchanged in the low-fat diet group. The pattern of adiponectin fractions (high and non-high molecular weight) showed a response similar to that of total adiponectin. Diabetic patients with the highest scores (6-9 points) of adherence to Mediterranean diet had lower circulating CRP level and higher circulating total adiponectin levels than the diabetic patients who scored <3 points on the scale (P = 0.001). The results of this randomized controlled trial demonstrate that Mediterranean diet cools down the inflammatory milieu of type 2 diabetes.
authors: Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy. mariaida.maiorino@unina2.it.
authors: Maria Ida
authors: MI
authors: Maiorino
authors: Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Bellastella
authors: Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
authors: Michela
authors: M
authors: Petrizzo
authors: Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
authors: Lorenzo
authors: L
authors: Scappaticcio
authors: Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
authors: Dario
authors: D
authors: Giugliano
authors: Diabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia no. 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Esposito
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Adiponectin; CRP; Mediterranean diet; Type 2 diabetes