title: Sequential Hypothesis Testing to Characterise the Learning Curve and Monitor Surgical Performance in Retinal Detachment Surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterise the learning curve of primary retinal detachment (RD) repair for trainee surgeons and monitor the outcomes of surgery for established surgeons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary RD operations were analysed sequentially using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) and the sequential probability ratio test (SPRT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  359 analysed cases of primary RD were audited with a recurrent RD (ReRD) rate of 14.7%. The individual rate of ReRD ranged from 9.4 to 17.4% (p = 0.74). SPRT and CUSUM analyses showed that ReRD occurred at random when operated by senior surgeons but a learning curve was discernible for junior surgeons. There was a trend for a higher proportion of ReRD caused by untreated breaks in cases operated by junior surgeons (p = 0.75).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SPRT and CUSUM are useful methods to monitor surgical outcomes and should be included in audits of sequential operations such as RD. Trainee surgeons experience a quantifiable learning curve.
authors: Bristol Eye Hospital, Bistrol, UK.
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Keller
authors: Richard J
authors: RJ
authors: Haynes
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Sparrow
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D017679:Cryotherapy; D004521:Educational Measurement; D058450:Endotamponade; D006801:Humans; D059032:Learning Curve; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery*; D012591:Scleral Buckling; D014821:Vitrectomy