title: Post-Injury Administration of Tert-butylhydroquinone Attenuates Acute Neurological Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice.
abstract: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe form of stroke with substantial public health impact. Notably, there is no effective treatment for ICH. Given the role of transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) in antioxidant signaling, herein, we tested the efficacy of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), a selective inducer of Nrf2 in a preclinical model of ICH. Male CD1 mice were subjected to experimental intracerebral hemorrhage and administered intraperitoneally with TBHQ. The administration of TBHQ enhanced the DNA-binding activity of Nrf2 in the brain and reduced oxidative brain damage in comparison to vehicle-treated ICH. In addition, TBHQ treatment reduced microglial activation with concomitant reduction in the release of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1 β). Furthermore, TBHQ treatment attenuated neurodegeneration and improved neurological outcomes after ICH. Altogether, the data demonstrate the efficacy of post-injury administration of TBHQ in attenuating acute neurological injury after ICH.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, CA1010, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. sramesh@gru.edu.
authors: Sangeetha
authors: S
authors: Sukumari-Ramesh
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, CA1010, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
authors: Cargill H
authors: CH
authors: Alleyne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D006873:Hydroquinones; D007378:Interleukins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C495636:Nfe2l2 protein, mouse; C018855:2-tert-butylhydroquinone
keywords: Gliosis; Microglial activation; Stroke