title: Bacteriological spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital of North India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neonatal septicaemia is a clinical entity that is characterised by systemic signs and symptoms of infection and accompanied by bacteraemia in first 4 weeks of life and is one of the four leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital of North India.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective observational study, 850 blood samples were collected and processed from clinically suspected neonates according to standard laboratory protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institution (CLSI) recommendations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood culture reports were positive in 322 (37.8%) cases. Early onset sepsis (EOS) was present in 61.41% and late onset sepsis (LOS) in 38.59% of cases. Gram-negative septicaemia (60.67%) was encountered more than Gram-positive (32.01%). Coagulase negative Staphylococci (17.43%) was the predominant isolate followed by, Klebsiella spp in 16.11% cases. Best overall sensitivity among Gram-negative isolates was to Colistin (89.94%), Imipenem (86.43%) and Meropenam (77.88%). Gram-positive isolates had good (97.15%) sensitivity to linezolid, (95.23%) vancomycin and (88.57%) Teicoplanin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gram-negative organisms are the leading cause of neonatal septicaemia with Klebsiella spp being commonest. Coagulase negative Staphylococci is the predominant isolate among Gram-positive organisms. Most of the isolates are resistant to common antibiotics.
authors: a Department of Microbiology , SMS Medical College , Jaipur , India .
authors: Mamta
authors: M
authors: Lamba
authors: a Department of Microbiology , SMS Medical College , Jaipur , India .
authors: Rajni
authors: R
authors: Sharma
authors: b Department of Pediatrics , Pt B.D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical and Sciences , Rohtak , India , and.
authors: Deepak
authors: D
authors: Sharma
authors: c Department of Medical and Paediatric Oncology , GCRI , Ahmedabad , India.
authors: Mukesh
authors: M
authors: Choudhary
authors: a Department of Microbiology , SMS Medical College , Jaipur , India .
authors: Rakesh Kumar
authors: RK
authors: Maheshwari
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D007709:Klebsiella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000071074:Neonatal Sepsis / Q000382:microbiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
keywords: Antimicrobial susceptibility; blood culture; changing bacterial spectrum; neonatal septicaemia