title: Association of vitamin D receptor gene BsmI (A>G) and FokI (C>T) polymorphism in gestational diabetes among Saudi Women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism have a role in diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. Present study was conducted to determine VDR gene variants among Saudi gestational diabetics (GDM) in Madina, KSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross sectional study was conducted on 112 GDM patients and 218 normal healthy control. Age, body mass index and blood pressure levels were recorded. Serum triglycerides (mg/dl), total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose FBG and post-prandial blood glucose PPBG were estimated. Extracted DNA template was amplified by PCR reaction and genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphism of BsmI and FokI by restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR (RFLP-PCR) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FBG and PPBG levels in GDM patients were significantly elevated by +48.6% and +50%, respectively (P=0.005). Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) levels in GDM patients were elevated significantly by +40.5% (P=0.005), +16% (P=0.01) and +30.8% (P=0.005), respectively. Serum HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) showed significant decline by -10.5%. FokI VDR genotypes showed association with PPBG (P=0.05) among GDM patients. The Ff, FF and ff genotype percentage among GDM patients was 48.2%, 30.4% and 21.4%, respectively. FokI (F and f) and BsmI (B and b) alleles frequency showed no significant difference between GDM patients and control. Percentage BsmI and FokI total homozygous and heterozygous variants among GDM was 45.5% and 81.4%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VDR BsmI and FokI polymorphic marker not associated with Saudi GDM.
authors: Prof. Hesham A. El-Beshbishy, Ph.D., M.Sc., Pharma B.Sc. Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases and Medical Laboratories Technology Department, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11751, Egypt.
authors: Hesham A
authors: HA
authors: El-Beshbishy
authors: Prof. Manal A. Tawfeek, Ph.D., MD. Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia Clinical Pathology Dept., Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
authors: Manal A
authors: MA
authors: Tawfeek
authors: Dr. Inass M. Taha, MD., Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Inass M
authors: IM
authors: Taha
authors: Dr. Thoraya Fadulelahi, MRCOG., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohud Hospital, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Thoraya
authors: T
authors: FadulElahi
authors: Dr. Amal Y. Shaheen, SAB., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohud Hospital, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Amal Y
authors: AY
authors: Shaheen
authors: Dr. Amal Y. Shaheen, SAB., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohud Hospital, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Fouad A
authors: FA
authors: Bardi
authors: Prof. Intessar Sultan, M.D., Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Intessar I
authors: II
authors: Sultan
keywords: BsmI; FokI; Gestational diabetes; Polymorphism; Vitamin D receptor