title: Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis based on 37 studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphism and susceptibility to esophageal cancer (EC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive search of the United States National Library of Medicine PubMed database and the Elsevier, Springer, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for all relevant studies was conducted using combinations of the following terms: "glutathione S-transferase M1", "GSTM1", "polymorphism", and "EC" (until November 1, 2014). The statistical analysis was performed using the SAS software (v.9.1.3; SAS Institute, Cary, NC, United States) and the Review Manager software (v.5.0; Oxford, England); crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between the GSTM1 null genotype and the risk of EC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 37 studies involving 2236 EC cases and 3243 controls were included in this meta-analysis. We observed that the GSTM1 null genotype was a significant risk factor for EC in most populations (OR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.12-1.57, P heterogeneity < 0.000001, and I (2) = 77.0%), particularly in the Asian population (OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.26-1.86, P heterogeneity < 0.000001, and I (2) = 77.0%), but not in the Caucasian population (OR = 1.02, 95%CI: 0.87-1.19, P heterogeneity = 0.97, and I (2) = 0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GSTM1 null polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk for EC in Asian but not Caucasian populations.
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Quan-Jun
authors: QJ
authors: Lu
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Ya-Cong
authors: YC
authors: Bo
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Er-Jiang
authors: EJ
authors: Zhao
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Wolde Bekalo
authors: WB
authors: Sapa
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Ming-Jie
authors: MJ
authors: Yao
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Dan-Dan
authors: DD
authors: Duan
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Yi-Wei
authors: YW
authors: Zhu
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Wei-Quan
authors: WQ
authors: Lu
authors: Quan-Jun Lu, Ya-Cong Bo, Wolde Bekalo Sapa, Dan-Dan Duan, Yi-Wei Zhu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Yuan
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase
keywords: Deletions; Esophageal cancer; Glutathione S-transferase M1; Meta-analysis; Polymorphism