title: Use of solar advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment: Follow-up on degradation products, acute toxicity, genotoxicity and estrogenicity.
abstract: Wastewater tertiary treatment by advanced oxidation processes is thought to produce a treated effluent with lower toxicity than the initial influent. Here we performed tertiary treatment of a secondary effluent collected from a Waste Water Treatment Plant via homogeneous (solar/HSO5(-)/Fe(2+)) and heterogeneous (solar/TiO2) solar advanced oxidation aiming at the assessment of their effectiveness in terms of contaminants' and toxicity abatement in a plain solar reactor. A total of 53 organic contaminants were qualitatively identified by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction. Solar advanced oxidation totally or partially removed the major part of contaminants detected within 4.5 h. Standard toxicity tests were performed using Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Brachionus calyciflorus organisms to evaluate acute and chronic toxicity in the secondary or tertiary effluents, and the EC50% was calculated. Estrogenic and genotoxic tests were carried out in an attempt to obtain an even sharper evaluation of potential hazardous effects due to micropollutants or their degradation by-products in wastewater. Genotoxic effects were not detected in effluent before or after treatment. However, we observed relevant estrogenic activity due to the high sensitivity of the HELN ERα cell line.
authors: Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, Potenza, Italy; PROMES-CNRS, UPR 8521, Perpignan, France. Electronic address: monica.brienza@unibas.it.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Brienza
authors: HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, University of Montpellier, France.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mahdi Ahmed
authors: HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, University of Montpellier, France.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Escande
authors: PROMES-CNRS, UPR 8521, Perpignan, France.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Plantard
authors: Department of European Cultures, University of Basilicata, Italy.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Scrano
authors: HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, University of Montpellier, France.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Chiron
authors: Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, Potenza, Italy.
authors: S A
authors: SA
authors: Bufo
authors: PROMES-CNRS, UPR 8521, Perpignan, France.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Goetz
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003621:Daphnia; D004967:Estrogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012403:Rotifera / Q000187:drug effects; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013472:Sunlight; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D007501:Iron; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D014025:Titanium; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C009495:titanium dioxide
keywords: Estrogenic activity; Genotoxicity; Micropollutants; Solar advanced oxidation processes; Toxicity; Wastewater