title: Synovial chondromatosis of the right side temporomandibular joint extending to the middle cranial fossa: A case report with 7-year postoperative follow up and expression of a biomarker of cell proliferative activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with cranial extension is rare. Here, we report 7-year follow-up of a case with immunohistochemical examination of cell proliferative activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient was a 72-year-old man. Severe bone resorption of the glenoid fossa was apparent on CT images. Pathological findings by biopsy led to diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis of the right side TMJ. Extirpation of the tumor was performed via temporopreauricular incision under general anesthesia. PCNA expression was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The lesion had penetrated into the middle cranial fossa, but the cranial dura mater was intact. Expression of PCNA was confirmed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PCNA expression suggested that growth activity caused expansion of the lesion to the skull base.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We were able to follow up this case for a long period without recurrence postoperatively.
authors: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: h-yoshitake.mfs@tmd.ac.jp.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Yoshitake
authors: Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors: Kou
authors: K
authors: Kayamori
authors: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: So
authors: S
authors: Wake
authors: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Fumiaki
authors: F
authors: Sato
authors: Temporomandibular Joint and Oral Function (Temporomandibular Joint Clinic) Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Kino
authors: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kiyoshi
authors: K
authors: Harada
keywords: Biomarker; Cell proliferative activity; Cranial dura mater; Middle cranial fossa; Synovial chondromatosis; Temporomandibular joint