title: Effect of recombinant human endostatin onradiotherapy for esophagus cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of radiotherapy plus recombinant human endostatin (RH-endostatin) on esophageal cancer and its mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 nudemice were equally randomized into control group, radiotherapy group, and combined therapy group I, II, and III after inoculating with Eca109 cell suspension (1 × 10(7) cells/mL). On the day of grouping, control group and radiotherapy group were injected normal saline, while radiotherapy group and 3 combined therapy groups received radiotherapy; besides, combined therapy group I, II, and III was injected RH-endostatin of 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg respectively. After 3-week therapy, the tumors of each group were collected and microvessel density and VEGF expression in tumors were determined. In vitro, Eca109 cells were divided into control group, radiotherapy group, and combined therapy group. Forty-eight hours after treatment, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were detected, and the activity of VEGF signal paths was semiquantitatively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Since the 6th day of treatment, the relative tumor proliferation rate of combined therapy group II was lower than radiotherapy group (P < 0.05) and ≤40% since the 15th day. Average microvessel density and EGFR expression in combined therapy group II were lower than radiotherapy group (P < 0.05). In vitro, the cell percentage in S and G2/M phase of combined therapy group cells was lower than that in radiotherapy group cells, while the apoptosis rate and the expression of VEGF, AKT, p-AKT, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in combined group were higher than that in radiotherapy group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RH-endostatin promotes the efficacy of radiotherapy on esophageal cancer, which may be partly realized by inhibiting the activity of VEGF related signal paths.
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Gao-Feng
authors: GF
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Chang
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Bao-Tian
authors: BT
authors: Li
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Dan-Dan
authors: DD
authors: Li
authors: Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central-South University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: Elle811275@yahoo.com.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Yang
keywords: Esophageal cancer; Nudemice; Radiotherapy; Recombinant human endostatin; Vascular endothelial growth factor