title: Effect of -55CT Polymorphism of UCP3 on Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Risk Factors after a High Protein/Low Carbohydrate versus a Standard Hypocaloric Diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The C/C genotype of a polymorphism in the uncoupling protein3 (UCP3) promoter (-55C->T) (rs1800849) is associated with an increased body mass index.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of polymorphism on the UCP3 promoter (-55C->T) on insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors secondary to a high protein/low carbohydrate vs. a standard hypocaloric diets (1,000 kcal/day).
  
  
  METHODS
  A population of 283 obese subjects was analyzed in a randomized trial. A nutritional evaluation was performed at the beginning and at the end of a 9-month period in which subjects received 1 of 2 diets (diet HP: high protein/low carbohydrate vs. diet S: standard diet).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight improvement was higher in non-T carriers. With both diets and only in wild genotype (diet HP vs. diet S), total cholesterol (-9.7 ± 4.0 vs. -11.1 ± 2.0 mg/dl; p > 0.05) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (-8.3 ± 3.0 vs. -5.5 ± 2.7 mg/dl; p > 0.05) decreased. The improvement in these parameters was similar in subjects with diet HP than HS. With diet HP and only in wild genotype, glucose (-5.2 ± 2.2 mg/dl; p < 0.05), triglycerides (-15.5 ± 3.9 mg/dl; p < 0.05), insulin levels (-3.9 ± 3.1 UI/l; p < 0.05) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-R; -0.6 ± 0.1 units; p < 0.05) decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carriers of T allele have a different response than non-carrier subjects, with a lack of decrease of LDL cholesterol, glucose, insulin levels and HOMA-R. The weight loss was lower in T carriers. HP diet showed a better metabolic response than S diet in 55CC homozygous.
authors: Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
authors: Daniel Antonio
authors: DA
authors: de Luis
authors: Rocío
authors: R
authors: Aller
authors: Olatz
authors: O
authors: Izaola
authors: Enrique
authors: E
authors: Romero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000009:adverse effects; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; C000604392:UCP3 protein, human; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3