title: The effect of different information sources on the anxiety level of pregnant women who underwent invasive prenatal testing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal is to explore the effects of age, education, obstetric history and information sources on the (Beck) anxiety levels of pregnant women attending invasive prenatal testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire results from 152 pregnant women are utilized. Results are analyzed through an independent samples t-test and a two-step cluster analysis attempting to categorize patients in terms of the chosen variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  t-Tests reveal that age, education and bad obstetric history do not significantly affect anxiety levels. Descriptive statistics indicate that almost 60% of patients feel anxious mostly because of the fear of receiving bad news, followed by the fear of miscarriage, the fear of pain and the fear of hurting the baby. According to the cluster analysis, patients who use doctors or nurses as information sources have significantly lower anxiety levels, while those who do not receive information from any source have the second lowest level of anxiety. Patients who receive information from personal sources (i.e. friends and family) have the highest level of anxiety. Anxiety levels do not change according to test type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Doctors and nurses should allocate enough time for providing information about prenatal diagnosis before the procedure. This will reduce the anxiety level as well as the felt necessity to search for information from other sources, such as personal or popular which will further increase the level of anxiety.
authors: a Department of Management , Baskent University , Ankara , Turkey .
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Çakar
authors: b Department of Business Administration , TOBB University of Economics and Technology , Ankara , Turkey .
authors: Berna
authors: B
authors: Tari Kasnakoglu
authors: c Department of International Entrepreneurship , TOBB University of Economics and Technology , Ankara , Turkey , and.
authors: Zeynep Güldem
authors: ZG
authors: Ökem
authors: d Division of Perinatology , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors: Ümmühan
authors: Ü
authors: Okuducu
authors: d Division of Perinatology , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors: M Sinan
authors: MS
authors: Beksaç
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000523:psychology*; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology*; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; cluster analysis; information sources; invasive prenatal testing; prenatal diagnosis