title: The Antiaging Gene Klotho Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.
abstract: Klotho was originally discovered as an aging-suppressor gene. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether secreted Klotho (SKL) affects the proliferation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that short-form Klotho was expressed in mouse ADSCs. The Klotho gene mutation KL(-/-) significantly decreased proliferation of ADSCs and expression of pluripotent transcription factors (Nanog, Sox-2, and Oct-4) in mice. The adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs was also decreased in KL(-/-) mice. Incubation with Klotho-deficient medium decreased ADSC proliferation, pluripotent transcription factor levels, and adipogenic differentiation, which is similar to what was found in KL(-/-) mice. These results indicate that Klotho deficiency suppresses ADSC proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, treatment with recombinant SKL protein rescued the Klotho deficiency-induced impairment in ADSC proliferation and adipogenic differentiation. SKL also regulated ADSCs' differentiation to other cell lineages (osteoblasts, myofibroblasts), indicating that SKL maintains stemness of ADSCs. It is intriguing that overexpression of SKL significantly increased PPAR-γ expression and lipid formation in ADSCs following adipogenic induction, indicating enhanced adipogenic differentiation. Overexpression of SKL inhibited expression of TGFβ1 and its downstream signaling mediator Smad2/3. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that SKL is essential to the maintenance of normal proliferation and differentiation in ADSCs. Klotho regulates adipogenic differentiation in ADSCs, likely via inhibition of TGFβ1 and activation of PPAR-γ. Stem Cells 2016;34:1615-1625.
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Fan
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
authors: Zhongjie
authors: Z
authors: Sun
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000090265:Klotho Proteins; D051379:Mice; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D005966:Glucuronidase; D000090265:Klotho Proteins
keywords: Adipogenic differentiation; Adipose stem cell; Cell proliferation; Myofibroblastic differentiation; Osteogenic differentiation; TGFβ1