title: Knowledge of Cancer Stage among Women with Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Discrepancies may exist between what oncologists communicate and what patients understand about their cancer stage and its implications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We explored patients' ability to identify their stage of breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of a study testing a cancer self-management intervention we asked women to identify their stage of disease and compared responses to the electronic medical record (EMR) for validation. The sample included women with recently diagnosed nonmetastatic (stage I-III) disease. We calculated descriptive statistics and used logistic regression to examine relationships between knowledge of stage, demographic and clinical variables, and study outcomes. Measurement instruments were the Control Preferences Scale (CPS), Knowledge of Care Options Test (KOCO), Measurement of Transitions Scale (MOT), Medical Communication Competence Scale (MCCS), Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSE), Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS-C), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants (n = 98) had a mean age of 52.3 years (range 27-72). Per the EMR, 19 participants (19.4%) had stage I breast cancer, 56 (57.1%) had stage II, and 23 (23.5%) had stage III. Of the 28 participants (28.6%) unable to identify their stage of cancer correctly, 11 (39.3%) provided vague responses, 11 (39.3%) reported an incorrect stage, and 6 (21.4%) did not know their stage. Younger age (p = 0.0412) and earlier cancer stage (p = 0.0136) were predictive of correctly identifying stage. Participants who at baseline had a greater knowledge of care options (curative, palliative, and hospice care) were more likely to correctly identify their stage (KOCO, p = 0.0345).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians should revisit conversations about cancer stage and care options to ensure patients' understanding and support self-management.
authors: Yale School of Nursing , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors: Jenna
authors: J
authors: Hinchey
authors: Yale School of Nursing , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors: Jessica
authors: J
authors: Goldberg
authors: Yale School of Nursing , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Linsky
authors: Yale School of Nursing , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Linsky
authors: Yale School of Nursing , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors: Sangchoon
authors: S
authors: Jeon
authors: Yale School of Nursing , New Haven, Connecticut.
authors: Dena
authors: D
authors: Schulman-Green
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003237:Connecticut; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000523:psychology*; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires