title: The Invasion of Coastal Areas in South China by Ipomoea cairica May Be Accelerated by the Ecotype Being More Locally Adapted to Salt Stress.
abstract: Local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are two alternative mechanisms used by invasive plants for range expansion. We conducted a series of experiments to investigate the role of these mechanisms in the recent expansion of the invasive Ipomoea cairica from non-saline to salt-stressed coastal habitats. A comparison of the plant's photosynthetic traits and construction costs across habitats was conducted through a field survey. Meanwhile, a full factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted with two ecotypes (non-saline and coastal) of I. cairica and two salinity gradients (water and 4 g L-1 NaCl solution) to evaluate the roles of the two strategies by comparing their main traits. The results revealed that the construction cost and Amax of I. cairica did not change with the habitat type. The ecotype and saline treatments, however, significantly influenced the plant growth. The non-saline ecotype (NE) generally showed higher or equal plasticity of biomass-allocation and functional traits compared to the coastal ecotype (CE). However, the fitness and biomass of the NE significantly decreased with salinity, whereas those aspects of the CE did not change. Our results indicate that the recent expansion of I. cairica into coastal areas may be accelerated by the local adaptation of the CE to salt stress. Additionally, in South China, the CE will most likely evolve adaptations to both saline and non-saline environments, which will further broaden the invasion range of I. cairica in the future.
authors: College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 710119, Xi'an, China.|State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Fang-Fang
authors: FF
authors: Huang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Ming-Yue
authors: MY
authors: Yuan
authors: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Shao-Lin
authors: SL
authors: Peng
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018533:Biomass; D002681:China; D004463:Ecology; D017753:Ecosystem; D060146:Ecotype; D058865:Introduced Species; D027741:Ipomoea / Q000502:physiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D010641:Phenotype; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D055051:Salt-Tolerant Plants / Q000502:physiology*; D012987:Soil; D013045:Species Specificity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D012987:Soil