title: Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from elevated olfactory mucosal miR-206 level.
abstract: MicroRNA-206, which suppresses the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, is known to be elevated in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. We performed intranasal biopsy of the olfactory epithelia of early dementia patients (n = 24) and cognitively healthy controls (n = 9). Patients with significant depression (n = 8) were analyzed separately, as their cognitive impairments were thought to be caused by their depression. Real-time PCR was performed on the biopsied tissues. The relative microRNA-206 level exhibited a 7.8-fold increase (P = 0.004) in the mild cognitive impairment group (CDR 0.5; n = 13) and a 41.5-fold increase (P < 0.001) in the CDR 1 group (n = 11). However, this level was not increased in the depression group, even in those with cognitive decline. Using the optimal cutoff value, the sensitivity/specificity for diagnosing CDR 0.5 and CDR 1 dementia were 87.5%/94.1% and 90.9%/93.3%, respectively. In ROC analysis, the AUCs were 0.942 and 0.976 in the CDR 0.5 and CDR 1 groups, respectively. The olfactory mucosal microRNA-206 level and cognitive assessment scores were significantly correlated in the non-depressed subjects with cognitive impairment. In conclusion, the olfactory mucosal microRNA-206 level can be easily measured, and it can be utilized as an excellent biomarker for the diagnosis of early AD, including mild cognitive impairment.
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Jangsup
authors: J
authors: Moon
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Soon-Tae
authors: ST
authors: Lee
authors: Il Gyu
authors: IG
authors: Kong
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Jung-Ick
authors: JI
authors: Byun
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Jun-Sang
authors: JS
authors: Sunwoo
authors: Department of Neurology, CHA University College of Medicine, Seoungnam, South Korea.
authors: Jung-Won
authors: JW
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Ji-Young
authors: JY
authors: Shim
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Ji-Hyun
authors: JH
authors: Park
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Daejong
authors: D
authors: Jeon
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Keun-Hwa
authors: KH
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Ki-Young
authors: KY
authors: Jung
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Dong-Young
authors: DY
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Sang Kun
authors: SK
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.|Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Manho
authors: M
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.|Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Kon
authors: K
authors: Chu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012372:ROC Curve; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C546087:MIRN206 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs