title: Post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol misuse: comorbidity in UK military personnel.
abstract: To determine the prevalence of comorbid probable post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol misuse in a UK military cohort study and to determine the level of co-occurrence between these disorders; further aims were to investigate the association between alcohol misuse and the different PTSD symptom clusters, and to assess what factors are associated with probable PTSD in participants with alcohol misuse.
  
  
  
  Data from 9984 participants of Phase 2 of the health and well-being survey of serving and ex-serving members of the UK Armed Forces were assessed for probable PTSD and alcohol misuse using the PTSD checklist (PCL-C) and the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT), respectively.
  
  
  
  1.8 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.5-2.1] of the sample met the criteria for both PTSD and alcohol misuse. All three symptom clusters of PTSD were significantly associated with alcohol misuse, with similar odds ranging from 2.46 to 2.85. Factors associated with probable PTSD in individuals reporting alcohol misuse were age [ages 30-34 (years): OR 2.51, 95 % CI 1.15-5.49; ages 40-44 years: OR 2.77, 95 % CI 1.18-6.47], officer rank (OR 0.36, 95 % CI 0.16-0.85), being in a combat role in parent unit (OR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.20-3.31) and common mental disorder (CMD) (OR 21.56, 95 % CI 12.00-38.74).
  
  
  
  This study provides strong evidence that PTSD and alcohol misuse are often co-occurring. CMD was highly associated with probable PTSD in individuals with alcohol misuse.
authors: King's Centre for Military Health Research and the Academic Department for Military Mental Health, King's College London, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Head
authors: King's Centre for Military Health Research and the Academic Department for Military Mental Health, King's College London, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Goodwin
authors: King's Centre for Military Health Research and the Academic Department for Military Mental Health, King's College London, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Debell
authors: King's Centre for Military Health Research and the Academic Department for Military Mental Health, King's College London, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Greenberg
authors: King's Centre for Military Health Research and the Academic Department for Military Mental Health, King's College London, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Wessely
authors: King's Centre for Military Health Research and the Academic Department for Military Mental Health, King's College London, Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK. Nicola.t.fear@kcl.ac.uk.
authors: N T
authors: NT
authors: Fear
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alcohol; Comorbidity; Military; Post-traumatic stress disorder