title: Acceptability and preference of three inhalation devices assessed by the Handling Questionnaire in asthma and COPD patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The patients' criteria of preference for inhalation devices can affect the extent of their adherence to treatment and outcomes. Aim of this study was to assess and compare the patients' preference and acceptability (PPA) for Breezhaler and Genuair (both Dry Powder Inhalers), and for Respimat (a Soft Mist Inhaler) in asthma and COPD out-patients by means of the Handling Questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Handling Questionnaire is a validated instrument which allows the investigation of different domains of PPA; it also takes into account the patients' age and gender, together with their previous experience with the inhalation devices and their previous education approach to them. Differences in terms of preference, acceptance and usability were assessed by linear and logistic regressions in order to evaluate factors influencing the proper actuation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data from 333 patients were collected: Genuair and Respimat were the most liked and perceived as the easiest to use at glance by patients, but also as the least problematic according to the patients' and nurse's judgments. Mean number of attempts for achieving the first effective actuation was the highest with Breezhaler (2.6 vs 1.6; p <0.0001). Linear regressions showed that longer the explanation, higher was the number of attempts to the first proper actuation (0.58 additional attempts every 10 s increase in the first explanation, p <0.0001). Devices requiring less manoeuvres for the actuation were used properly after less attempts (0.38 increase in the number of attempts every additional manoeuvres, p <0.0001). Respimat proved to be the most indicated in COPD patients since it was the most liked and its successful rate at first attempt was the highest. Logistic regressions confirmed these data. Previous experience with DPIs and/or MDIs did not affect the patient preference and acceptability, independently whether suffering from asthma or COPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Substantial differences are existing in patient's preference and acceptability for inhalation devices, mainly related to the handling and the understanding of the different devices.
authors: National Centre for Respiratory Phamacoeconomics & Pharmacoepidemiology, CESFAR, Verona, Italy.
authors: Roberto W
authors: RW
authors: Dal Negro
authors: AdRes Health Economics and Outcome Recourses, Torino, Italy.
authors: Massimiliano
authors: M
authors: Povero
keywords: Breezhaler; Bronchial Asthma; COPD; Genuair; Handling Questionnaire; Patient preference; Respimat