title: Reduce the matrix effect in biological tissue imaging using dynamic reactive ionization and gas cluster ion beams.
abstract: In the context of a secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) experiment, dynamic reactive ionization (DRI) involves introducing a reactive dopant, HCl, into an Ar gas cluster primary ion beam along with a source of water to enable dissociation of HCl to free protons. This concerted effect, precisely occurring at the impact site of the cluster beam, enhances the protonation of molecular species. Here, the authors apply this methodology to study the hippocampus and cerebellum region of a frozen-hydrated mouse brain section. To determine the degree of enhancement associated with DRI conditions, sequential tissue slices were arranged in a mirrored configuration so that comparable regions of the tissue could be explored. The results show that the protonated lipid species are increased by ∼10-fold, but that the normally prevalent salt adducts are virtually unaffected. This observation is discussed as a novel approach to minimizing SIMS matrix effects in complex materials. Moreover, the chemical images of protonated lipid ions exhibit clearer features in the cerebellum region as compared to images acquired with the pure Ar cluster beam.
authors: Chemistry Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802.
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Tian
authors: Fakultät für Physik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Wucher
authors: Chemistry Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802.
authors: Nicholas
authors: N
authors: Winograd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D012492:Salts / Q000032:analysis; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D012492:Salts