title: How a concerned family member, friend or member of the public can help someone with gambling problems: a Delphi consensus study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gambling is an enjoyable recreational pursuit for many people. However, for some it can lead to significant harms. The Delphi expert consensus method was used to develop guidelines for how a concerned family member, friend or member of the public can recognise the signs of gambling problems and support a person to change their gambling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of websites, books and journal articles was conducted to develop a questionnaire containing items about the knowledge, skills and actions needed for supporting a person with gambling problems. These items were rated over three rounds by two international expert panels comprising people with a lived experience of gambling problems and professionals who treat people with gambling problems or research gambling problems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 66 experts (34 with lived experience and 32 professionals) rated 412 helping statements according to whether they thought the statements should be included in these guidelines. There were 234 helping statements that were endorsed by at least 80 % of members of both of the expert panels. These endorsed statements were used to develop the guidelines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two groups of experts were able to reach substantial consensus on how someone can recognise the signs of gambling problems and support a person to change.
authors: Mental Health First Aid Australia, Level 6/369 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. kathybond@mhfa.com.au.
authors: Kathy S
authors: KS
authors: Bond
authors: Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4/207 Bouverie Sreet, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. ajorm@unimelb.edu.au.
authors: Anthony F
authors: AF
authors: Jorm
authors: Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, Level 6, 14-20 Blackwood Street, North Melbourne, VIC, 3051, Australia. helen.miller@responsiblegambling.vic.gov.au.
authors: Helen E
authors: HE
authors: Miller
authors: Turning Point, Eastern Health, 54-62 Gertrude Street, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia. simone.rodda@aut.ac.nz.|School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, AUT University, 90 Akoranga Drive, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. simone.rodda@aut.ac.nz.
authors: Simone N
authors: SN
authors: Rodda
authors: Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 4/207 Bouverie Sreet, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. nreavley@unimelb.edu.au.
authors: Nicola J
authors: NJ
authors: Reavley
authors: Mental Health First Aid Australia, Level 6/369 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. clairek@mhfa.com.au.|School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. clairek@mhfa.com.au.
authors: Claire M
authors: CM
authors: Kelly
authors: Mental Health First Aid Australia, Level 6/369 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. bettyk@mhfa.com.au.|School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. bettyk@mhfa.com.au.
authors: Betty A
authors: BA
authors: Kitchener
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D032921:Consensus; D003697:Delphi Technique; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends / Q000523:psychology*; D005715:Gambling / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires