title: Effects of Shen-Fu injection on coagulation-fibrinolysis disorders in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of Shen-Fu injection (SFI) on coagulation-fibrinolysis disorders in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty Wuzhishan pigs were randomly assigned into the sham operation group (SO group, n = 6), epinephrine group (EP group, n = 12), and SFI group (n = 12). After 8 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation (VF), pigs in the EP group or SFI group were administered with either EP (0.02 mg/kg) or SFI (1.0 mL/kg), respectively. Plasma levels of tissue factor, thrombin-antithrombin complex, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, antithrombin III, protein C, tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, soluble thrombomodulin, and soluble endothelial protein C receptor were measured at baseline, 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). In addition, arterial lactate levels were measured at baseline, 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours after ROSC, and lactate clearance was calculated at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours after ROSC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the EP group, tissue factor, thrombin-antithrombin complex, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, tissue plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels were significantly lower, whereas antithrombin III and protein C levels were significantly higher in the SFI group (all P < .05). In addition, soluble thrombomodulin and soluble endothelial protein C receptor levels in the SFI group were significantly lower in comparison to the EP group (all P < .01). Furthermore, arterial lactate levels were significantly lower, and lactate clearance was higher in the SFI group (all P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that SFI can inhibit coagulation-fibrinolysis disorders after cardiac arrest, which may be associated with alleviating endothelial damage and improving systemic metabolism.
authors: Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
authors: Qin
authors: Q
authors: Yin
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation (NO. BZ0370), Beijing, China.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation (NO. BZ0370), Beijing, China.
authors: Caijun
authors: C
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation (NO. BZ0370), Beijing, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation (NO. BZ0370), Beijing, China.
authors: Chenchen
authors: C
authors: Hang
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation (NO. BZ0370), Beijing, China. Electronic address: lcscyyy@163.com.
authors: Chunsheng
authors: C
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002681:China; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007267:Injections; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C492793:Shen-Fu; D004837:Epinephrine