title: The interplay among temperament, neuropsychological abilities, and global functioning in young hyperactive/inattentive children.
abstract: Cognition and emotion have been shown to interact and influence psychological functioning. However, to date these interactions have only been examined cross-sectionally among inattentive and/or hyperactive/impulsive children. This study investigated the moderating effects of neuropsychological functioning at age 3-4 years on the relation between negative emotionality at age 3-4 years and global functioning 1 year later, at age 4-5 years. Hyperactive/inattentive (H/I; n = 114) preschoolers entered the study (BL: baseline) and were seen again 1 year later (F1). Children's BL scores on a neuropsychological test (NEPSY) and their temperament as rated by parents (Child Behavior Questionnaire) and teachers (Temperament Assessment Battery for Children-Revised) were obtained, as were clinicians' ratings of their global functioning (Children's Global Assessment Scale) at F1. Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that BL temperament variables accounted for significant variance in F1 Global Functioning. Significant interactions indicated that higher Verbal Executive abilities were associated with better child functioning when parent-rated Effortful Control was high, but not when Effortful Control was low. Additionally, high levels of Nonverbal Executive skills were associated with higher child global functioning when both parent- and teacher-rated negative affect was low, but not when negative affect was high.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors: Dione M
authors: DM
authors: Healey
authors: Department of Social Science, Human Services and Criminal Justice, Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, USA.
authors: Khushmand
authors: K
authors: Rajendran
authors: Department of Psychology, City College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: O'Neill
authors: Department of Psychology within Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
authors: Chaya B
authors: CB
authors: Gopin
authors: Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA.
authors: Jeffrey M
authors: JM
authors: Halperin
mesh_terms: D001076:Aptitude / Q000502:physiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000068356:Self-Control; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: adaptive functioning; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; neuropsychological functioning; preschool; temperament