title: An immunohistochemical study of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC): a possible prognostic biomarker.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is an atypical CDK which plays a vital role in several cancers via regulating migration and motility of cancer cells. However, the clinicopathological impact and function of CDK5 in lung cancer remain poorly understood. The present study was aimed at exploring expression and clinicopathological significance of CDK5 in lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 395 samples of lung tissue including 365 lung tumors (339 non-small cell lung cancers and 26 small cell lung cancers) and 30 samples of normal lung. CDK5 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry on lung tissue microarrays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over expression was detected in lung cancer compared with normal lung tissues (P=0.001). Furthermore, area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of CDK5 was 0.685 (95% CI 0.564~0.751, P=0.004). In lung cancer, we also discovered close correlations between CDK5 and pathological grading (r=0.310, P<0.001), TNM stage (r=0.155, P=0.003), and lymph node metastasis (r=0.279, P<0.001) by using Spearman analysis. In two subgroups of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the expression of CDK5 was also higher than that of normal lung tissue, respectively (P=0.001 and P=0.004). Moreover, in NSCLCs, Spearman analysis revealed that expression of CDK5 was correlated with TNM stages (r=0.129, P=0.017), lymph node metastasis (r=0.365, P<0.001), and pathological grading (r=0.307, P<0.001), respectively. The significant correlation was also found between CDK5 expression and TNM stages (r=0.415, P=0.049) and lymphatic metastasis (r=0.469, P=0.024) in SCLCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this present study suggest that the CDK5 expression is associated with several clinicopathological factors linked with poorer prognosis.
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. yxwwkl@163.com.
authors: Kanglai
authors: K
authors: Wei
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 2431618197@qq.com.
authors: Zhihua
authors: Z
authors: Ye
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. lizuyun8877@aliyun.com.
authors: Zuyun
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. dangyiwu@126.com.
authors: Yiwu
authors: Y
authors: Dang
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 244932792@qq.com.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 865045846@qq.com.
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 190660780@qq.com.
authors: Chongxi
authors: C
authors: Bao
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 77827825@qq.com.
authors: Tingqing
authors: T
authors: Gan
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. 150871746@qq.com.
authors: Lihua
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China. chen_gang_triones@163.com.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; C495905:CDK5 protein, human