title: Beach Soccer Injuries During the Japanese National Championships.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The frequency and severity of injury in beach soccer are unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence rates, characteristics, and risk factors for injuries associated with beach soccer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
  
  
  METHODS
  The same sports physician examined and recorded injuries incurred during the Japanese National Beach Soccer Championships in 2013 and 2014. Posttournament follow-up was made for all injuries. Match exposure for each player was recorded through video review to examine individual risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 58 injuries were recorded during 54 matches. The overall injury rate was 179.0 (95% CI, 138.4-231.6), and the time-loss injury rate was 28.2 (95% CI, 14.7-54.1) per 1000 player-hours. The foot/toe (34.9%) was the most frequently injured area, followed by the lower leg (22.2%) and thigh (11.1%). There was only 1 ankle injury (1.6%). The most frequent injury type was contusions (60.3%), followed by lacerations/abrasions (14.3%) and sprains/ligament injuries (6.3%). Only 4 injuries resulted in ≥30 days of time-loss (7.4%). After adjusting for age, a previous history of severe injury and longer experience of beach soccer were significantly associated with injury risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time-loss injury rate in this study was comparable to the rates reported during the matches of soccer or futsal tournaments. However, a greater incidence of foot/toe injury and lacerations/abrasions as well as a lower incidence of ankle injury distinguished beach soccer from soccer and futsal, possibly related to the specific playing conditions of being barefoot on a sand surface.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Urasoe General Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.; Department of Sports Orthopaedic Surgery, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Shimakawa
authors: Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
authors: Yusuke
authors: Y
authors: Shimakawa
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Urasoe General Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Kawasoe
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Kouji
authors: K
authors: Yoshimura
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Yuma
authors: Y
authors: Chinen
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Kazuya
authors: K
authors: Eimon
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Chibana
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Urasoe General Hospital, Okinawa, Japan.; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Shirota
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Kei
authors: K
authors: Kadekawa
authors: Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Sports Injury and Illness Prevention, Orthopaedic Surgery, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
authors: Roald
authors: R
authors: Bahr
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rokuto Orthopaedic Clinic, Okinawa, Japan.
authors: Tomomi
authors: T
authors: Uezato
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Ikeda
keywords: Japan; athletic injuries; beach soccer; epidemiology; football; soccer