title: Using the risk behaviour diagnosis scale to understand Australian Aboriginal smoking - A cross-sectional validation survey in regional New South Wales.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate, for the first time, the Risk Behaviour Diagnosis (RBD) Scale for Aboriginal Australian tobacco smokers, based on the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). Despite high smoking prevalence, little is known about how Indigenous peoples assess their smoking risks.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study of 121 aboriginal smokers aged 18-45 in regional New South Wales, in 2014, RBD subscales were assessed for internal consistency. Scales included measures of perceived threat (susceptibility to and severity of smoking risks) and perceived efficacy (response efficacy and self-efficacy for quitting). An Aboriginal community panel appraised face and content validity. EPPM constructs of danger control (protective motivation) and fear control (defensive motivation) were assessed for cogency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scales had acceptable to good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.65-1.0). Most participants demonstrated high-perceived threat (77%, n = 93); and half had high-perceived efficacy (52%, n = 63). High-perceived efficacy with high-threat appeared consistent with danger control dominance; low-perceived efficacy with high-threat was consistent with fear control dominance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these Aboriginal smokers of reproductive age, the RBD Scale appeared valid and reliable. Further research is required to assess whether the RBD Scale and EPPM can predict quit attempts and assist with tailored approaches to counselling and targeted health promotion campaigns.
authors: College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, P.O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia; Southern Cross University, Hogbin Drive, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia.
authors: Gillian Sandra
authors: GS
authors: Gould
authors: College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
authors: Kerrianne
authors: K
authors: Watt
authors: Indigenous Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Yvonne
authors: Y
authors: Cadet-James
authors: College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, P.O. Box 6811, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia.
authors: Alan R
authors: AR
authors: Clough
keywords: Australian Aborigines; Behavioural medicine; Health communication; Health promotion; Indigenous population; Mass media; Risk behaviours; Smoking cessation; Tobacco smoking; Validation studies