title: Vitamin D supplementation trial in infancy: body composition effects at 3 years of age in a prospective follow-up study from Montréal.
abstract: The impact of vitamin D status on body composition is not well understood.
  
  
  
  Evaluate how vitamin D supplementation in infancy affects body composition at 3 years of age.
  
  
  
  Double-blind randomized trial of 132, 1-month-old healthy, breastfed infants randomly assigned to receive oral vitamin D3supplements of 400, 800, 1200 or 1600 IU d-1for 11 months. In the present analysis, 87 (66%) returned at 3 years of age. Body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
  
  
  
  Anthropometry, body composition, diet, activity and demographics were similar across dosage groups at 3 years. Mean 25(OH)D concentration from 1 month to 3 years was higher (P < 0.001) in the 1200 IU group than 800 and 400 IU groups. Children with 25(OH)D concentrations above 75 nmol L-1had lower fat mass (~450 g; P = 0.049). In multiple linear regression, mean 25(OH)D was associated with lean mass percent (β = 0.06; CI: 0.00, 0.12; P = 0.042), fat mass (β = -11.29; CI: -22.06, -0.52; P = 0.048) and body fat percent (β = -0.06; CI: -0.12, -0.01; P = 0.045).
  
  
  
  Higher vitamin D status from infancy through to 3 years of age associates with leaner body composition.
authors: Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
authors: T J
authors: TJ
authors: Hazell
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VI, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Gallo
authors: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Vanstone
authors: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Agellon
authors: Winnipeg Children's Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Rodd
authors: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors: H A
authors: HA
authors: Weiler
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D002170:Canada; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D002762:Cholecalciferol; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; dose response; fat mass; lean muscle mass; paediatrics