title: Endoscopic Electrosurgery in Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) undergoing endoscopic electrosurgery (EE) are at a risk of electromagnetic interference (EMI). We aimed to analyze the effects of EE in CIED patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with CIED who underwent EE procedures such as snare polypectomy, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) were retrospectively analyzed. Postprocedural symptoms as well as demographic and outpatient follow-up data were reviewed through medical records. Electrical data, including preprocedural and postprocedural arrhythmia records, were reviewed through pacemaker interrogation, 24-hour Holter monitoring, or electrocardiogram.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine procedures in 49 patients were analyzed. Fifty procedures were performed in 43 patients with a pacemaker, and nine were performed in six patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. There were one gastric and 44 colon snare polypectomies, five gastric and one colon ESDs, and eight ERCPs with EST. Fifty-five cases of electrical follow-up were noted, with two postprocedural changes not caused by EE. Thirty-one pacemaker interrogations had procedure recordings, with two cases of asymptomatic tachycardia. All patients were asymptomatic with no adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study reports no adverse events from EE in patients with CIED, suggesting that this procedure is safe. However, because of the possibility of EMI, recommendations on EE should be followed.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Myong Ki
authors: MK
authors: Baeg
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sang-Woo
authors: SW
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sun-Hye
authors: SH
authors: Ko
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yoon Bum
authors: YB
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Seawon
authors: S
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Bong-Woo
authors: BW
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hye Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Choi
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jae Myung
authors: JM
authors: Park
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: In-Seok
authors: IS
authors: Lee
authors: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yong-Seog
authors: YS
authors: Oh
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Myung-Gyu
authors: MG
authors: Choi
keywords: Defibrillators, implantable; Electromagnetic interference; Endoscopic electrosurgery; Permanent pacemaker