title: Bio-Source of di-n-butyl phthalate production by filamentous fungi.
abstract: Although DBP (di-n-butyl phthalate) is commonly encountered as an artificially-synthesized plasticizer with potential to impair fertility, we confirm that it can also be biosynthesized as microbial secondary metabolites from naturally occurring filamentous fungi strains cultured either in an artificial medium or natural water. Using the excreted crude enzyme from the fungi for catalyzing a variety of substrates, we found that the fungal generation of DBP was largely through shikimic acid pathway, which was assembled by phthalic acid with butyl alcohol through esterification. The DBP production ability of the fungi was primarily influenced by fungal spore density and incubation temperature. This study indicates an important alternative natural waterborne source of DBP in addition to artificial synthesis, which implied fungal contribution must be highlighted for future source control and risk management of DBP.
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Congkui
authors: C
authors: Tian
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Jinren
authors: J
authors: Ni
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Chang
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Sitong
authors: S
authors: Liu
authors: School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: Xu
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Weiling
authors: W
authors: Sun
authors: School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Xie
authors: School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Yongzhao
authors: Y
authors: Guo
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Yanrong
authors: Y
authors: Ma
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Zhenxing
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Chenyuan
authors: C
authors: Dang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors: Yuefei
authors: Y
authors: Huang
authors: College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Zhexian
authors: Z
authors: Tian
authors: College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors: Yiping
authors: Y
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D012765:Shikimic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D012765:Shikimic Acid