title: Life course SES and cardiovascular risk: Heterogeneity across race/ethnicity and gender.
abstract: We examine four life course models as they relate to adolescent SES, adult SES, and cardiovascular risk--the sensitive period, pathways, accumulation, and social mobility models. Accounting for race/ethnic and gender differences in life course processes, we analyzed Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative sample of individuals enrolled in grades 7-12 when they were first interviewed in 1994/5. We restricted our sample to whites, blacks, and Latinos who were interviewed in Waves I and IV and provided biomarker data (n = 11,397). The cardiovascular risk score at Wave IV combined waist circumference, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and C-reactive protein. We found evidence for each of the four life course models for white women, whereas the sensitive period was indicated for white men. Upward mobility was also associated with higher CVD risk among white men as compared to those who were socio-economically advantaged at both time points. The pathway model was significant for Latino women. No life course models were significant for black men or women or Latino men. Our findings demonstrate the importance of applying an intersectional lens to understanding CVD risk over the life course.
authors: Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Electronic address: kwalsema@sc.edu.
authors: Katrina M
authors: KM
authors: Walsemann
authors: Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 741 Oldfather Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
authors: Bridget J
authors: BJ
authors: Goosby
authors: Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
authors: Deeonna
authors: D
authors: Farr
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012923:Social Class; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: CVD; Gender; Life course; Race/ethnicity; SES