title: Relation of exposure to amino acids involved in sarcosine metabolic pathway on behavior of non-tumor and malignant prostatic cell lines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sarcosine (N-methylglycine) was previously delineated as a substantial oncometabolite of prostate cancer (PCa) and its metabolism seems to be significantly involved in PCa development and behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  We focused on investigation whether the exposure of prostate cells (PNT1A, 22Rv1, and PC-3) to sarcosine-related amino acids (glycine, dimethylglycine, and sarcosine) affects their aggressiveness (cell mobility and division rates, using real-time cell based assay). The effect of supplementation on expression of glycine-N-methyltransferase (GNMT) mRNA was examined using qRT-PCR. Finally, post-treatment amino acids patterns were determined with consequent statistical processing using the Ward's method, factorial ANOVA and principal component analysis (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest migration induced sarcosine and glycine in metastatic PC-3 cells (a decrease in relative free area about 53% and 73%). The highest cell division was achieved after treatment of 22Rv1 and PC-3 cells with sarcosine (time required for division decreased by 65% or 45%, when compared to untreated cells). qRT-PCR revealed also significant effects on expression of GNMT. Finally, amino acid profiling shown specific amino acid patterns for each cell line. In both, treated and untreated PC-3 cells significantly higher levels of serine, glutamic acid, and aspartate, linked with prostate cancer progression were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sarcosine-related amino acids can exceptionally affect the behavior of benign and malignant prostate cells.
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Zbynek
authors: Z
authors: Heger
authors: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Jaromir
authors: J
authors: Gumulec
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: Cernei
authors: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Hana
authors: H
authors: Polanska
authors: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Raudenska
authors: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Michal
authors: M
authors: Masarik
authors: 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Tomas
authors: T
authors: Eckschlager
authors: Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Charles University, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Stiborova
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Vojtech
authors: V
authors: Adam
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.|Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, European Union.
authors: Rene
authors: R
authors: Kizek
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012521:Sarcosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase; D012521:Sarcosine
keywords: cancer metabolism; dimethylglycine; folate; glycine; prostate cancer; sarcosine pathway