title: Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in surface soil of coal stockpile sites in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.
abstract: Concentrations, spatial distribution, and sources of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), listed as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), were investigated in surface soils of three different coal stockpile, agricultural, and residential sites in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Total PAHs concentration ranged from 4.69 to 22.67 mg kg(-1)-dw. PAHs concentrations in soil of coal stockpile sites were higher than those in agricultural and residential soil. A complex of petrogenic origin and pyrolytic sources was found within the study area, as suggested by the isomeric ratios of PAHs. The results of principal component analysis and multiple linear regressions (PCA/MLR) showed that three sources contributed to the PAHs in the study area, including biomass and coal combustion (48.46%), raw coal (35.49%), and vehicular emission (16.05%). The high value of total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration (B[a]Peq) suggests that local residents are exposed to a high carcinogenic potential.
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia. andy.mizwar@gmail.com.|Department of Environmental Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia. andy.mizwar@gmail.com.
authors: Andy
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6162-2979
authors: A
authors: Mizwar
authors: Department of Agroecotechnology, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
authors: Bambang Joko
authors: BJ
authors: Priatmadi
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
authors: Chairul
authors: C
authors: Abdi
authors: Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors: Yulinah
authors: Y
authors: Trihadiningrum
mesh_terms: D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000032:analysis; D018533:Biomass; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis; D003031:Coal; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007214:Indonesia; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014481:United States; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D003031:Coal; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene
keywords: Coal; PAHs; Petrogenic; Pyrolytic; South Kalimantan; Stockpile