title: Clinical significance of video-urodynamic in female recurrent urinary tract infections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the value of video-urodynamic study (VUD) in the identification of lower urinary tract voiding dysfunction in female recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 54 women with recurrent UTIs who underwent VUDs between 2013 and 2015 were analyzed. They were carefully evaluated by complete history, voiding diary, physical investigation, urosonography, and VUDs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neurogenic and non-neurogenic voiding dysfunctions were found in 4% and 63% of women respectively. Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, detrusor underactivity, and a combination of both were found in 17% (nine of 54), 22% (12 of 54), and 11% (six of 54) of women, respectively. Overactive bladder syndrome was determined in 28% (15 of 54) of women. Reduction in the maximal urinary flow rate to less than 15 mL/s and post-void residual volume were revealed in 63% (34 of 54) and 54% (29 of 54) of women, respectively. Stress urinary incontinence was noticed in 39% (21 of 54) of women with a median pad usage of three pads (range: 1-15) daily. Urgency and nocturia were complaints in 54% (29 of 54) and 43% (23 of 54) of women, respectively. The median voiding frequency and nocturia episodes were 7±4 (1-13) and 1±3 (0-12), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dysfunctional voiding can encourage the formation of recurrent UTIs in the female. The VUDs are the investigation of choice to diagnose voiding dysfunction.
authors: Department of Urology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
authors: Sameh
authors: S
authors: Hijazi
authors: Department of Urology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
authors: Conrad
authors: C
authors: Leitsmann
keywords: recurrent urinary tract infection; urodynamic study; voiding dysfunction