title: Xanthine Oxidase Pathway and Muscle Damage. Insights from McArdle Disease.
abstract: The intent of this article is to summarize current body of knowledge on the potential implication of the xanthine oxidase pathway (XO) on skeletal muscle damage. The possible involvement of the XO pathway in muscle damage is exemplified by the role of XO inhibitors (e.g., allopurinol) in attenuating muscle damage. Reliance on this pathway (as well as on the purine nucleotide cycle) could be exacerbated in conditions of low muscle glycogen availability. Thus, we also summarize current hypotheses on the etiology of both baseline and exertional muscle damage in McArdle disease, a condition caused by inherited deficiency of myophosphorylase. Because myophosphorylase catalyzes the first step of muscle glycogen breakdown, patients are unable to obtain energy from their muscle glycogen stores. Finally, we provide preliminary data from our laboratory on the potential implication of the XO pathway in the muscle damage that is commonly experienced by these patients.
authors: Helios
authors: H
authors: Pareja-Galeano
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Santos-Lozano
authors: María
authors: M
authors: Morán
authors: Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 6th Floor, Laboratories Sector, CAA Building, Avda. de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain. fabian.sanchis@uv.es.
authors: Fabian
authors: F
authors: Sanchis-Gomar
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Alis
authors: Alfredo
authors: A
authors: Santalla
authors: Alejandro F
authors: AF
authors: San Juan
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Díez-Bermejo
authors: Miguel A
authors: MA
authors: Martín
authors: Joaquín
authors: J
authors: Arenas
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: Lucia
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006012:Glycogen Storage Disease Type V / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000493:Allopurinol; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase