title: Congenital Malalignment of the Great Toenail.
abstract: Congenital malalignment of the great toenail (CMA) is a disorder of the anatomic orientation of the ungual apparatus, in which the longitudinal axis of the nail plate is not parallel with the axis of the distal phalanx but is deflected sideways. This disorder is understood to arise from multiple factors. Although many theories have been proposed about its origin, its pathogenesis is not fully known. Besides the cosmetic impact, this disorder causes such problems in the medium and long term as onychocryptosis and difficulty in motion. Some cases may regress spontaneously, although persistent cases may require a specialized surgical approach. Congenital malalignment of the great toenail is poorly understood and described medical condition that is often treated incorrectly; thus, reviewing the subject is important. A symptombased clinical classification system is proposed to guide diagnosis and treatment modality decisions.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Mexico; leofierro@yahoo.com.
authors: Leonel
authors: L
authors: Fierro-Arias
authors: Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Mexico City, Mexico; Pediatric Dermatologist, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Gineco-Pediatría 48, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors: André
authors: A
authors: Morales-Martínez
authors: Dermatologist in Private Practice, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
authors: Rosa María
authors: RM
authors: Zazueta-López
authors: Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Ramírez-Dovala
authors: Department of Micology, Mexico.
authors: Alexandro
authors: A
authors: Bonifaz
authors: Department of Dermatology, Mexico.
authors: Rosa María
authors: RM
authors: Ponce-Olivera