title: The Sound Access Parent Outcomes Instrument (SAPOI): Construction of a new instrument for children with severe multiple disabilities who use cochlear implants or hearing aids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on the Phase 2 development of the Sound Access Parent Outcomes Instrument (SAPOI), a new instrument focused on formalizing outcomes that parents of children with severe multiple disabilities (SMD) who use amplification prioritize as important.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phase 2 of this project involved item selection and refinement of the SAPOI based on (a) Phase 1 study participant input, (b) clinical specialist feedback, and (c) test-retest instrument reliability. Phase 1 participant responses were utilized to construct a draft version of the SAPOI. Next, clinical specialists examined the instrument for content validity and utility and instrument reliability was examined through a test-retest process with parents of children with SMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The draft SAPOI was constructed based on Phase 1 participant input. Clinical specialists supported content validity and utility of the instrument and the inclusion of 19 additional items across four categories, namely Child Affect, Child Interaction, Parent Well-being, and Child's Device Use. The SAPOI was completed twice at one-month intervals by parents of children with SMD to examine instrument reliability across the four categories (Child Affect, Child Interaction, Parent Well-being, and Child's Device Use). Instrument reliability was strong-to-excellent across all four sections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SAPOI shows promise as a much-needed addition to the assessment battery currently used for children with SMD who use cochlear implants and hearing aids. It provides valuable information regarding outcomes resulting from access to sound in this population that currently used assessments do not identify.
authors: a Department of Educational Psychology , University of Alberta , Canada.
authors: Denyse V
authors: DV
authors: Hayward
authors: b Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital and Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders , University of Alberta , Canada.
authors: Kathryn
authors: K
authors: Ritter
authors: a Department of Educational Psychology , University of Alberta , Canada.
authors: Amin
authors: A
authors: Mousavi
authors: c School of Public Health, University of Alberta , Canada.
authors: Shabnam
authors: S
authors: Vatanapour
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012048:Correction of Hearing Impairment / Q000379:methods*; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006310:Hearing Aids / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*
keywords: Amplification; Cochlear implantation; Complex cases; Deaf children; Outcomes; Parent outcome priorities; Pediatric