title: Quantifying the utility of single nucleotide polymorphisms to guide colorectal cancer screening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be used to identify people who should be screened for colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We simulated one million people with and without colorectal cancer based on published SNP allele frequencies and strengths of colorectal cancer association. We estimated 5-year risks of colorectal cancer by number of risk alleles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 45 SNPs with an average 1.14-fold increase colorectal cancer risk per allele (range: 1.05-1.53). The colorectal cancer risk for people in the highest quintile of risk alleles was 1.81-times that for the average person.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have quantified the extent to which known susceptibility SNPs can stratify the population into clinically useful colorectal cancer risk categories.
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Jenkins
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Enes
authors: E
authors: Makalic
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: James G
authors: JG
authors: Dowty
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Daniel F
authors: DF
authors: Schmidt
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Gillian S
authors: GS
authors: Dite
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.|Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: MacInnis
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Driss
authors: D
authors: Ait Ouakrim
authors: Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Clendenning
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Louisa B
authors: LB
authors: Flander
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Oliver K
authors: OK
authors: Stanesby
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: John L
authors: JL
authors: Hopper
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Aung K
authors: AK
authors: Win
authors: Centre for Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.|Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, VIC 3010, Australia.
authors: Daniel D
authors: DD
authors: Buchanan
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods; D005060:Europe; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012306:Risk
keywords: cancer screening; colorectal cancer; risk prediction; single nucleotide polymorphisms