title: Apelin-13 exerts antidepressant-like and recognition memory improving activities in stressed rats.
abstract: Apelin is the endogenous ligand for the G-protein-coupled receptor (APJ). The localization of APJ in limbic structures suggests a potential role for apelin in emotional processes. However, the role of apelin in the regulation of stress-induced responses such as depression and memory impairment is largely unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the role of apelin-13 in the regulation of stress-induced depression and memory impairment in rats. We report that repeated intracerebroventricular injections of apelin-13 reversed behavioral despair (immobility) in the forced swim (FS) test, a model widely used for the selection of new antidepressant agents. Apelin-13 also reversed behavioral deficits (escape failure) in the learned helplessness test. The magnitude of the antiimmobility and anti-escape failure effects of apelin-13 was comparable to that of imipramine, a classic antidepressant used as a positive control. Rats exposed to FS stress showed memory performance impairment in the novel object recognition test, and this impairment was improved by apelin-13 treatment. Apelin-13 did not affect recognition memory performance in non-stressed rats. Furthermore, the pretreatment of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitors) or PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) blocked apelin-13-mediated activities in FS-stressed rats. These findings suggest that apelin-13 exerts antidepressant-like and recognition memory improving activities through activating PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in stressed rats.
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Li
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors: Haifeng
authors: H
authors: Deng
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Wang
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors: Wan
authors: W
authors: Fu
authors: Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: You
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China. Electronic address: tsw.neuro@126.com.
authors: Shaowen
authors: S
authors: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D013550:Swimming / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009025:Morpholines; C586143:apelin 13, Pyr(1)-; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Antidepressant; Apelin; ERK; Memory; PI3K; Stress