title: Lipid transfer and metabolism across the endolysosomal-mitochondrial boundary.
abstract: Lysosomes and mitochondria occupy a central stage in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, by playing complementary roles in nutrient sensing and energy metabolism. Specifically, these organelles function as signaling hubs that integrate environmental and endogenous stimuli with specific metabolic responses. In particular, they control various lipid biosynthetic and degradative pipelines, either directly or indirectly, by regulating major cellular metabolic pathways, and by physical and functional connections established with each other and with other organelles. Membrane contact sites allow the exchange of ions and molecules between organelles, even without membrane fusion, and are privileged routes for lipid transfer among different membrane compartments. These inter-organellar connections typically involve the endoplasmic reticulum. Direct membrane contacts have now been described also between lysosomes, autophagosomes, lipid droplets, and mitochondria. This review focuses on these recently identified membrane contact sites, and on their role in lipid biosynthesis, exchange, turnover and catabolism. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon.
authors: Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
authors: Tiziana
authors: T
authors: Daniele
authors: Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: schiaffino.mariavittoria@hsr.it.
authors: Maria Vittoria
authors: MV
authors: Schiaffino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids
keywords: Autophagosomes; Lipid droplets; Lysosomes; Melanosomes; Membrane contact sites; Mitochondria