title: Psychological impact of lymphoma on adolescents and young adults: not a matter of black or white.
abstract: The purpose of the study is to examine differences in perceived impact of cancer (IOC) between adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 18-35 years at cancer diagnosis), adults (36-64 years) and elderly (65-84 years) with a history of (non-)Hodgkin lymphoma. Furthermore, to investigate the association of socio-demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics with IOC; and the association between IOC and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among AYAs only.
  
  
  
  This study is part of a population-based PROFILES registry survey among lymphoma patients diagnosed between 1999 and 2009. Patients (n = 1.281) were invited to complete the IOCv1 and EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaires. Response rate was 67 % (n = 861).
  
  
  
  AYA lymphoma survivors scored higher on the positive IOC summary scale, compared to adult and elderly patients (p < 0.001), while no significant differences were observed for negative IOC. Among AYAs, females, survivors with a partner, and survivors with elevated psychological distress levels scored significantly higher on the negative IOC summary scale. The negative IOC summary scale was negatively associated with all EORTC QLQ-C30 functioning scales (β ranging from -0.39 to -0.063; p < 0.05). The positive IOC summary scale was negatively associated with the EORTC QLQ-C30 subscale 'Emotional functioning' (β = -0.24; p < 0.05).
  
  
  
  AYA, adult and elderly with a history of (non-)Hodgkin lymphoma experienced different types of IOC in terms of positive and negative aspects.
  
  
  
  Although AYAs experience a more positive IOC compared to older survivors, some AYAs experience more negative IOC and may require developmentally appropriate interventions to address their specific concerns.
authors: CoRPS - Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
authors: F M
authors: FM
authors: Drost
authors: CoRPS - Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.|Comprehensive Cancer Centre the Netherlands (CCCN), Netherlands Cancer Registry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Mols
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: S E J
authors: SE
authors: Kaal
authors: Department of Haematology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: W B C
authors: WB
authors: Stevens
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors: W T A
authors: WT
authors: van der Graaf
authors: Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: J B
authors: JB
authors: Prins
authors: Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Olga.Husson@radboudumc.nl.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Husson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Adolescent and young adult oncology; Health-related quality of life; Impact of cancer; Lymphoma