title: Effect of magnesium sulfate and thyroxine on inflammatory markers in a rat model of hypothyroidism.
abstract: Inflammation is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) has anti-inflammatory actions. Therefore we investigated the effects of levothyroxine and MgSO4 on inflammatory markers as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in hypothyroid rats. Sixty male rats were divided into 6 groups; normal, normal + MgSO4, hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism + levothyroxine, hypothyroidism + MgSO4, and hypothyroidism + levothyroxine + MgSO4. Thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were measured in all rats. Hypothyroidism significantly increased TSH, CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 and decreased triiodothronine and thyroxine. Treatment of hypothyroid rats with levothyroxine or MgSO4 significantly decreased CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. Combined therapy of hypothyroid rats with levothyroxine and MgSO4 significantly decreased CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 compared with hypothyroid rats either untreated or treated with levothyroxine or MgSO4. This study demonstrates that hypothyroid rats have chronic low grade inflammation, which may account for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Combined levothyroxine and MgSO4 is better than levothyroxine or MgSO4 alone in alleviating the chronic low grade inflammatory status and therefore reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in hypothyroid animals.
authors: Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.|Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors: Amr M
authors: AM
authors: Abbas
authors: Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.|Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors: Hussein F
authors: HF
authors: Sakr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012307:Risk Factors; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D013972:Thyrotropin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D013974:Thyroxine
keywords: adhesion molecule; hypothyroidism; hypothyroïdie; inflammatory markers; magnesium sulfate; marqueurs de l’inflammation; molécule d’adhérence; sulfate de magnésium