title: Acute lobar nephritis in children: Not so easy to recognize and manage.
abstract: Acute lobar nephritis (ALN) is a localized non-liquefactive inflammatory renal bacterial infection, which typically involves one or more lobes. ALN is considered to be a midpoint in the spectrum of upper urinary tract infection, a spectrum ranging from uncomplicated pyelonephritis to intrarenal abscess. This condition may be difficult to recognize due to the lack of specific symptoms and laboratory findings. Therefore the disease is probably underdiagnosed. Computed tomography scanning represents the diagnostic gold standard for ALN, but magnetic resonance imagine could be considered in order to limit irradiation. The diagnosis is relevant since initial intravenous antibiotic therapy and overall length of treatment should not be shorter than 3 wk. We review the literature and analyze the ALN clinical presentation starting from four cases with the aim to give to the clinicians the elements to suspect and recognize the ALN in children.
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Bibalo
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Apicella
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Veronica
authors: V
authors: Guastalla
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Pierluigi
authors: P
authors: Marzuillo
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Floriana
authors: F
authors: Zennaro
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Carmela
authors: C
authors: Tringali
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Taddio
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Germani
authors: Cristina Bibalo, Veronica Guastalla, Andrea Taddio, Department of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
authors: Egidio
authors: E
authors: Barbi
keywords: Acute lobar nephritis; Children; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imagine; Upper urinary tract infection