title: Participation in research bronchoscopy: a literature review.
abstract: Bronchoscopy is the preferred method for collecting biological samples from the lower airways of subjects in clinical research. However, ensuring participation in clinical research can be challenging when the research includes an invasive procedure. For this report we reviewed the literature to look for information on participation in research bronchoscopy studies to better design our own study, the Bergen COPD Microbiome study (MicroCOPD). We performed a systematic literature search on participation in research bronchoscopy studies in February 2014 using the search engines of PubMed and EMBASE. The literature search resulted in seven relevant papers. Motivation was an end point in six of the seven papers, but reasons for declining participation and recruitment strategies also seemed important. Human subjects participate in research bronchoscopy studies for personal benefit and altruistic reasons. Inconvenience associated with research, in addition to fear of procedures, is considered a barrier. Radio, especially news stations, generated the most inquiries for a clinical study involving bronchoscopy. There is a lack of information on participation in research bronchoscopy studies in the literature. A bronchoscopy study has been initiated at Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, to examine the role of the microbiome in COPD, and participation will be explored as a substudy.
authors: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; einar.martinsen@student.uib.no.
authors: Einar Marius Hjellestad
authors: EM
authors: Martinsen
authors: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Elise Orvedal
authors: EO
authors: Leiten
authors: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Per Sigvald
authors: PS
authors: Bakke
authors: Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.|Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Tomas Mikal Lind
authors: TM
authors: Eagan
authors: Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Rune
authors: R
authors: Grønseth
keywords: COPD; clinical research; human volunteers; motivation; refusal to participate; research subjects