title: Harnessing the Prokaryotic Adaptive Immune System as a Eukaryotic Antiviral Defense.
abstract: Clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats - CRISPR-associated (CRISPR-Cas) systems - are sequence-specific RNA-directed endonuclease complexes that bind and cleave nucleic acids. These systems evolved within prokaryotes as adaptive immune defenses to target and degrade nucleic acids derived from bacteriophages and other foreign genetic elements. The antiviral function of these systems has now been exploited to combat eukaryotic viruses throughout the viral life cycle. Here we discuss current advances in CRISPR-Cas9 technology as a eukaryotic antiviral defense.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors: Aryn A
authors: AA
authors: Price
authors: Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. Electronic address: arash.grakoui@emory.edu.
authors: Arash
authors: A
authors: Grakoui
authors: Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. Electronic address: david.weiss@emory.edu.
authors: David S
authors: DS
authors: Weiss
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000276:immunology; D064112:Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / Q000276:immunology; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D017791:Geminiviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D008958:Models, Molecular; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011387:Prokaryotic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: Cas9; HBV; HCV; HIV; antiviral; virus