title: Prenatal and early life exposure to traffic pollution and cardiometabolic health in childhood.
abstract: Prenatal exposure to traffic pollution has been associated with faster infant weight gain, but implications for cardiometabolic health in later childhood are unknown.
  
  
  
  Among 1418 children in Project Viva, a Boston-area pre-birth cohort, we assessed anthropometric and biochemical parameters of cardiometabolic health in early (median age 3.3 years) and mid- (median age 7.7 years) childhood. We used spatiotemporal models to estimate prenatal and early life residential PM2.5and black carbon exposure as well as traffic density and roadway proximity. We performed linear regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographics.
  
  
  
  Children whose mothers lived close to a major roadway at the time of delivery had higher markers of adverse cardiometabolic risk in early and mid-childhood. For example, total fat mass was 2.1 kg (95%CI: 0.8, 3.5) higher in mid-childhood for children of mothers who lived <50 m vs. ≥200 m from a major roadway. Black carbon exposure and traffic density were generally not associated with cardiometabolic parameters, and PM2.5exposure during the year prior was paradoxically associated with improved cardiometabolic profile.
  
  
  
  Infants whose mothers lived close to a major roadway at the time of delivery may be at later risk for adverse cardiometabolic health.
authors: Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: A F
authors: AF
authors: Fleisch
authors: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Luttmann-Gibson
authors: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Perng
authors: Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: S L
authors: SL
authors: Rifas-Shiman
authors: Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: B A
authors: BA
authors: Coull
authors: Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Kloog
authors: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Koutrakis
authors: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Schwartz
authors: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Zanobetti
authors: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: C S
authors: CS
authors: Mantzoros
authors: Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: M W
authors: MW
authors: Gillman
authors: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.|Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Gold
authors: Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.|Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Oken
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001900:Boston; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Adiposity; PM2.5; air pollution; cardiometabolic health; pregnancy; traffic