title: Swine alveolar macrophage cell model allows optimal replication of influenza A viruses regardless of their origin.
abstract: The importance of pigs in interspecies transmission of influenza A viruses has been repeatedly demonstrated over the last century. Eleven influenza A viruses from avian, human and swine hosts were evaluated for replication phenotypes at three physiologically relevant temperatures (41°C, 37°C, 33°C) in an immortalized swine pulmonary alveolar macrophage cell line (IPAM 3D4/31) to determine whether this system would allow for their efficient replication. All isolates replicated well in IPAMs at 37°C while clear distinctions were observed at 41°C and 33°C, correlating to species of origin of the PB2, reflected in distinct amino acid residue profiles rather than in one particular PB2 residue. A strong TNF-α response was induced by some mammalian but not avian IAVs, while other selected cytokines remained below detection levels. Porcine IPAMs represent a natural host cell model for influenza virus replication where the only condition requiring modification for optimal IAV replication, regardless of virus origin.
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors: Samantha B
authors: SB
authors: Kasloff
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Electronic address: Hana.Weingartl@inspection.gc.ca.
authors: Hana M
authors: HM
authors: Weingartl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Alveolar macrophages; In vitro model; Influenza virus; Pigs; Temperature sensitivity