title: Tunicate-Inspired Gallic Acid/Metal Ion Complex for Instant and Efficient Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity.
abstract: Dentin hypersensitivity is sharp and unpleasant pains caused by exposed dentinal tubules when enamel outside of the tooth wears away. The occlusion of dentinal tubules via in situ remineralization of hydroxyapatite is the best method to alleviate the symptoms caused by dentin hypersensitivity. Commercially available dental desensitizers are generally effective only on a specific area and are relatively toxic, and their performance usually depends on the skill of the clinician. Here, a facile and efficient dentin hypersensitivity treatment with remarkable aesthetic improvement inspired by the tunicate-self-healing process is reported. As pyrogallol groups in tunicate proteins conjugate with metal ions to heal the torn body armor of a tunicate, the ingenious mechanism by introducing gallic acid (GA) as a cheap, abundant, and edible alternative to the pyrogallol groups of the tunicate combined with a varied daily intake of metal ion sources is mimicked. In particular, the GA/Fe(3+) complex exhibits the most promising results, to the instant ≈52% blockage in tubules within 4 min and ≈87% after 7 d of immersion in artificial saliva. Overall, the GA/metal ion complex-mediated coating is facile, instant, and effective, and is suggested as an aesthetic solution for treating dentin hypersensitivity.
authors: School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea.
authors: Ekavianty
authors: E
authors: Prajatelistia
authors: Dental Research Institute and Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, South Korea.
authors: Sung-Won
authors: SW
authors: Ju
authors: Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea.
authors: Naresh D
authors: ND
authors: Sanandiya
authors: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, 136-705, South Korea.
authors: Sang Ho
authors: SH
authors: Jun
authors: Dental Research Institute and Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-749, South Korea.
authors: Jin-Soo
authors: JS
authors: Ahn
authors: School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea.|Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea.|School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, South Korea.
authors: Dong Soo
authors: DS
authors: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects; D011748:Pyrogallol / Q000494:pharmacology; D012212:Rheology / Q000187:drug effects; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014561:Urochordata / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D011748:Pyrogallol; D005707:Gallic Acid; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: TOPA; dentin hypersensitivity; gallic acid; hydroxyapatite; tunicate