title: The Role of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptors on Cardiomyocytes: An Overview.
abstract: Sex differences in the onset and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases are well known, yet the mechanism behind this discrepancy remains obscure. Estrogen and its corresponding receptors have been studied for their positive salutary effects in women for decades. Estrogen protects the heart from various forms of stress, including cytotoxic, ischemic, and hypertrophic stimuli. The postulated underlying mechanism is complex, and involves the actions of the hormone on the endothelium and myocardium. Although the effects of estrogen on the coronary endothelium are well-described, delineation of the hormone's action on cardiomyocytes is still evolving. The focus of this article is to review the accumulated literature and latest data on the role of estrogen and its receptors on cardiomyocytes, the contractile cellular units of the myocardium.
authors: University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Luo
authors: University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA. Electronic address: jkim13@uci.edu.
authors: Jin Kyung
authors: JK
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen