title: Early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip: predictive factors for recurrence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tumour thickness on other clinicopathological parameters in early stage lower lip squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six consecutive patients with lower lip squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and pathological data were retrospectively collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up period for all patients was 32.0 ± 18.9 months. Forty-four tumours were staged as T1 and two were T2. Twelve patients underwent neck dissection. Two patients presented with neck metastasis in the follow-up period. Four patients (8.7 per cent) had local recurrence. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between microscopic tumour thickness and local tumour recurrence (r = 0.328, p = 0.045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical margin control is important to prevent local recurrence, especially in thicker tumours. In addition, neck metastasis is rare in early stage lower lip squamous cell carcinoma. A 'wait and see' policy might be preferred in early stage T1 lower lip squamous cell carcinoma cases.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ozkul
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Songu
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Imre
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Tunc
authors: Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Ozkul
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Arslanoglu
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Pinar
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Izmir Katip Celebi University,Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Onal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Lip Neoplasms; Recurrence