title: Oligonol promotes anti-aging pathways via modulation of SIRT1-AMPK-Autophagy Pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oligonol, mainly found in lychee fruit, is an antioxidant polyphenolic compound which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The detailed mechanisms by which oligonol may act as an anti-aging molecule have not been determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we evaluated the ability of oligonol to modulate sirtuin (SIRT) expression in human lung epithelial (A549) cells. Oligonol was added to A549 cells and reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial superoxide formation, and p21 protein levels were measured. Signaling pathways activated upon oligonol treatment were also determined by western blotting. Furthermore, the anti-aging effect of oligonol was evaluated ex vivo in mouse splenocytes and in vivo in Caenorhabditis elegans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oligonol specifically induced the expression of SIRT1, whose activity is linked to gene expression, metabolic control, and healthy aging. In response to influenza virus infection of A549 cells, oligonol treatment significantly up-regulated SIRT1 expression and down-regulated viral hemagglutinin expression. Oligonol treatment also resulted in the activation of autophagy pathways and the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Furthermore, oligonol-treated spleen lymphocytes from old mice showed increased cell proliferation, and mRNA levels of SIRT1 in the lungs of old mice were significantly lower than those in the lungs of young mice. Additionally, in vivo lethality assay revealed that oligonol extended the lifespan of C. elegans infected with lethal Vibrio cholerae.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrated that oligonol may act as an anti-aging molecule by modulating SIRT1/autophagy/AMPK pathways.
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
authors: Seul-Ki
authors: SK
authors: Park
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
authors: Rak-Kyun
authors: RK
authors: Seong
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
authors: Ji-Ae
authors: JA
authors: Kim
authors: BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute of Rare Earth for Biological Application , Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
authors: Seok-Jun
authors: SJ
authors: Son
authors: BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute of Rare Earth for Biological Application , Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
authors: Younghoon
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
authors: Takako
authors: T
authors: Yokozawa
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
authors: Ok Sarah
authors: OS
authors: Shin
keywords: Oligonol; SIRT1; aging; senescence