title: A Murine, Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody Simultaneously Recognizing β-Glucan and MP65 Determinants in Candida Species.
abstract: There is a real medical need of new diagnostic tools for the early recognition of invasive Candida infections. We exploited a rather simple and rapid redox methodology to construct a bispecific monoclonal antibody (bsmAb) that combines a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against 1,3-β-D-glucan, a well-known, pan-fungal diagnostic biomarker, with a mAb recognizing MP65, a major immunogenic mannoprotein secreted by C.albicans and other Candida species. The bsmAb (MP65/bglu mAb) was successfully produced and purified at high yields and proved to bind and reveal simultaneously, with high sensitivity, the β-glucan and MP65 antigens in both purified and native forms. The MP65/bglu mAb is the first bispecific antibody generated against a fungal microorganism and may prove useful for the concurrent detection of different and clinically significant Candida biomarkers in patient sera.
authors: Laboratory of Immunogenetics and CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino and Transplant Immunology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Zito
authors: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Rome, Italy.
authors: Carla
authors: C
authors: Bromuro
authors: Laboratory of Immunogenetics and CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino and Transplant Immunology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.|Department of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.
authors: Giorgia
authors: G
authors: Mandili
authors: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Rome, Italy.
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Chiani
authors: Laboratory of Immunogenetics and CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino and Transplant Immunology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.
authors: Alberto L
authors: AL
authors: Horenstein
authors: Laboratory of Immunogenetics and CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino and Transplant Immunology, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Malavasi
authors: Institute of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Cauda
authors: Center of Functional Genomics, Genetics and Biology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Cassone
authors: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Rome, Italy.
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Torosantucci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000276:immunology*; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002175:Candida / Q000276:immunology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology; D058365:Candidiasis, Invasive / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D012698:Serologic Tests; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D015415:Biomarkers; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D047071:beta-Glucans; C025363:mannoproteins