title: Visual and efficient immunosensor technique for advancing biomedical applications of quantum dots on Salmonella detection and isolation.
abstract: It is a great challenge in nanotechnology for fluorescent nanobioprobes to be applied to visually detect and directly isolate pathogens in situ. A novel and visual immunosensor technique for efficient detection and isolation of Salmonella was established here by applying fluorescent nanobioprobes on a specially-designed cellulose-based swab (a solid-phase enrichment system). The selective and chromogenic medium used on this swab can achieve the ultrasensitive amplification of target bacteria and form chromogenic colonies in situ based on a simple biochemical reaction. More importantly, because this swab can serve as an attachment site for the targeted pathogens to immobilize and immunologically capture nanobioprobes, our mAb-conjugated QD bioprobes were successfully applied on the solid-phase enrichment system to capture the fluorescence of targeted colonies under a designed excitation light instrument based on blue light-emitting diodes combined with stereomicroscopy or laser scanning confocal microscopy. Compared with the traditional methods using 4-7 days to isolate Salmonella from the bacterial mixture, this method took only 2 days to do this, and the process of initial screening and preliminary diagnosis can be completed in only one and a half days. Furthermore, the limit of detection can reach as low as 10(1) cells per mL Salmonella on the background of 10(5) cells per mL non-Salmonella (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis or Citrobacter freundii, respectively) in experimental samples, and even in human anal ones. The visual and efficient immunosensor technique may be proved to be a favorable alternative for screening and isolating Salmonella in a large number of samples related to public health surveillance.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China. zysun@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China. xiangyun5272008@163.com.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Tang
authors: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Virology, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
authors: Dai-Wen
authors: DW
authors: Pang
authors: Microbiological Laboratory, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430015, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jian-Bo
authors: JB
authors: Shao
authors: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Virology, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China and Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ling-Hong
authors: LH
authors: Xiong
authors: Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yan-Ping
authors: YP
authors: Xiang
authors: Microbiological Laboratory, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430015, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Xiong
authors: Jiangan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430017, People's Republic of China.
authors: Kai
authors: K
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China. xiangyun5272008@163.com.
authors: Hong-Wu
authors: HW
authors: Ai
authors: Microbiological Laboratory, Qiaokou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiao-Li
authors: XL
authors: Zheng
authors: Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jing-Rui
authors: JR
authors: Lv
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China. zysun@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.
authors: Wei-Yong
authors: WY
authors: Liu
authors: Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hong-Bing
authors: HB
authors: Hu
authors: Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Mei
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China. xiangyun5272008@163.com.
authors: Zhen
authors: Z
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China. xiangyun5272008@163.com.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, People's Republic of China. xiangyun5272008@163.com.
authors: Yun
authors: Y
authors: Xiang
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China. zysun@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.
authors: Zi-Yong
authors: ZY
authors: Sun
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000382:microbiology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D057230:Limit of Detection; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012475:Salmonella / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal