title: Polyunsaturated fatty acids and type 2 diabetes: Impact on the glycemic control mechanism.
abstract: There is a growing mortality related to co-morbidities associated with diabetes mellitus. Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been associated with low cardiometabolic risk and reduction of inflammatory process. The objective of this paper is to review the impact of PUFA intake on glycemic control in diabetic patients as well as to elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. Medline/PubMed electronic database was searched to identify studies published within last five years regarding the effect of PUFA intake on glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetics. The search terms used were "polyunsaturated fatty acid(s)," "PUFA," and "diabetes." We included only interventional studies that assessed the effects of PUFA intake on glucose metabolism - fasting glucose, serum insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR assessment- in type 2 diabetics. Initially, 48 articles were identified, of which one was not available and 41 did not match the inclusion criteria. Within the selected studies, three articles showed an improvement in fasting blood glucose, two showed an increase in fasting glycemia, and there was no effect of intervention in one article only. Based on the analyzed clinical interventional studies, supplementation of 0.42-5.2-g PUFA/day for at least eight weeks may become an alternative treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in Asian subjects.
authors: a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors: Olívia Gonçalves Leão
authors: OGL
authors: Coelho
authors: a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors: Bárbara Pereira
authors: BP
authors: da Silva
authors: a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors: Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado
authors: DMUP
authors: Rocha
authors: a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors: Lílian Lelis
authors: LL
authors: Lopes
authors: a Department of Nutrition and Health , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors: Rita de Cássia Gonçalves
authors: RCG
authors: Alfenas
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005215:Fasting; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; glucose metabolism; glycemic control; treatment; w-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids