title: Botulinum Toxin: Preparations for Clinical Use, Immunogenicity, Side Effects, and Safety Profile.
abstract: Botulinum toxin (BoNT) formulations are being used for a variety of medical applications. The use of BoNT preparations is continuously expanding with new formulations and indications. Of the seven antigenically distinct BoNTs, only two serotypes, type A and type B are commonly available for therapeutic use. The four available BoNT products are not equivalent and the knowledge of their formulations is crucial for product selection, avoidance of medication errors, therapeutic efficacy and safety. Generally, BoNT injection is a safe procedure when administered by an experienced injector. Side effects are always transient, and in the majority of cases they are mild and tolerable.
authors: Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.
authors: Khashayar
authors: K
authors: Dashtipour
authors: Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.
authors: Farzin
authors: F
authors: Pedouim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D006801:Humans; D055261:Immunogenetic Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000139:chemically induced; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins