title: Comparison of immune response in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after knock down of Toll and IMD gene in vivo.
abstract: The Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) pathways are essential for inducing immune related genes during invasion of pathogens. In the present study, transcripts of eight pathway-related genes in Litopenaeus vannamei, including Toll, IMD, Pelle, IAP1, TRAF6, ALF, Crustin and Penaeidin3 were analyzed to further understand the potential relationship between Toll and IMD pathway. The high transcription levels of TRAF6, Pelle, Toll, IMD and IAP1 in selected tissues indicates their functional roles in Toll and IMD pathways. The increased mRNA expression of Toll and IMD detected in the early stage might suggest the inducible role of Toll and IMD upon bacterial infection. Moreover, the continuous increase of IMD and the high level of Pelle and TRAF6 in Vibrio anguillarum challenged group indicated that Gram-negative bacterium can activate both the Toll and IMD signaling pathway. Silencing of Toll by a dsRNA-mediated RNAi strongly increased the transcripts of IMD, Pelle, TRAF6, IAP1 and Akirin, knocking down of IMD also markedly increased the transcripts of Toll, Pelle, IAP1 and Akirin. Furthermore, ALF expression was significantly increased in response to V. anguillarum and Micrococcus lysodeikticus challenge, while the transcripts of Crustin and Pen3 in hemocytes were significantly reduced in V. anguillarum group, but rose significantly following M. lysodeikticus infection. In summary, we speculate that Toll and IMD pathway are not independent in shrimp, but linked to defense against bacterial infection.
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Yongjie
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Politics Teaching Office, Military Economics Academy of Airforce, Wuhan 430035, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Song
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Yuhang
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Liu
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors: Fujun
authors: F
authors: Hou
authors: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: liuxiaolin@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors: Xiaolin
authors: X
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008837:Micrococcus / Q000276:immunology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000276:immunology; D014733:Vibrio / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: IMD pathway; Immune response; Litopenaeus vannamei; Toll pathway