title: [Regional differences in adults' smoking pattern: findings from China Kadoorie Biobank study in 10 areas in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the regional differences in adults' smoking pattern found by China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study involving half million adults in 10 areas in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  After exclusion of the adults with self reported histories of coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at baseline survey, the area specific differences in smoking pattern of 452 829 subjects aged 30-79 years was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall rate of current smoker was higher in males (64.2%) than in females (2.1%). For females, the current smoker rate was higher in Harbin (10.5%) and Sichuan (8.5%) than in other areas. For males, the current smoker rate and the average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day were high in Hunan (68.8%, 20.9) and Sichuan (67.2%, 21.5) ; the current smoker rate was lowest (49.9%) but the average number of cigarettes smoked per day was highest (21.9) in Haikou. On the other hand, Gansu showed the highest rate of current smoker (71.4% ) with a lower mean number of cigarettes smoked per day (14.9). Most current smokers in males (88.3% ) smoked filter cigarettes, while hand-rolled cigarettes were commonly used in Sichuan (38.8%) and Gansu (37.8%) and pipes or water pipe were mainly used in Henan (14.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of current smoker and other patterns of smoking including cigarette type, daily amount and inhalation depth varied greatly among the adults in 10 areas covered by CKB study.
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Email: lvjun@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Lyu
authors: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Guo
authors: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Bian
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors: Canqing
authors: C
authors: Yu
authors: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
authors: Huiyan
authors: H
authors: Zhou
authors: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
authors: Yunlong
authors: Y
authors: Tan
authors: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
authors: Pei
authors: P
authors: Pei
authors: National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment of China.
authors: Junshi
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK.
authors: Zhengming
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
authors: Liming
authors: L
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057566:Self Report; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires