title: Malignant renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: A case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Malignant renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is rare, and currently there is no malignant criteria for its pathological diagnosis. In the present study, the case of a patient who suffered malignant renal EAML and underwent nephrectomy is reported. The histological patterns of the tumor were composed of sheets or nests of large polygonal epithelioid cells and thick-walled blood vessels, with clear mitoses. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the epithelioid and smooth muscle cells characteristically expressed human melanoma black-45, epithelial membrane antigen and actin. Pathological evaluation revealed malignant EAML with regional lymph node metastases. Magnetic resonance imaging and X-ray examination identified multiple liver and lung nodules at 16 months post-surgery. Since the patient did not respond to the initial treatment with doxorubicin and cisplatin, sorafenib was subsequently administered. However, the treatment was not effective, and the patient succumbed to multiple metastases six months later.
authors: Department of Urology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300321, P.R. China.
authors: Baoyin
authors: B
authors: Guo
authors: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China.
authors: Hualin
authors: H
authors: Song
authors: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.
authors: Jiuling
authors: J
authors: Yue
authors: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China.
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Li
keywords: epithelioid angiomyolipoma; kidney; malignant tumor; neoplasm metastasis