title: Exposure to whole-body vibration in open-cast mines in the Barents region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to measure and evaluate whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure among drivers of mining vehicles in the Barents region.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the period from November 2012 to August 2014, this cross-sectional study was carried out at 3 mines in Finland, Norway and Sweden as part of the MineHealth project.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements of WBV were conducted on the surface of the driver's seat during normal work in accordance with international standards. Personal data on daily exposure times were collected by a questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurements were conducted on 95 different mining vehicles both as root mean square (RMS) value and vibration dose value (VDV) representing different manufacturers, models and capacities. Of the 453 miners who answered the questionnaire, 232 indicated that they were exposed to WBV during their working day. The results show that the mean daily exposure time varies between 1.9 and 6.7 h for different vehicles. The calculated mean A(8) could be found in an interval between 0.2 and 1.0 m/s(2) and the corresponding 8-h VDV fell between 7 and 17 m/s(1.75).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to WBV among operators of mining vehicles may be a serious health and safety problem in the mines studied. The employers ought, therefore, take active steps to reduce exposure in accordance with the European vibration directive. Moreover, since some groups of drivers are exposed to vibration that is close to or exceeds the exposure limit values, the employer should take immediate action to reduce exposure below these values.
authors: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.|Arcum, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; lage.burstrom@umu.se.
authors: Lage
authors: L
authors: Burström
authors: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland.
authors: Ville
authors: V
authors: Hyvärinen
authors: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors: Magnar
authors: M
authors: Johnsen
authors: Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.|Arcum, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008906:Mining / Q000379:methods*; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009664:Norway; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016272:Occupational Health; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects*
keywords: ISO2631-1; drivers; measurements; mining; whole-body vibration