title: Randomized Controlled Trial of Use of the Peanut Ball During Labor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of peanut ball use on duration of first stage labor and pushing time in women who were scheduled for elective induction of labor at ≥39 weeks gestation and planning an epidural.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized controlled trial, women having labor induction and planning a labor epidural were assigned (1:1) to one of two groups: one group used a peanut ball and one group did not. Outcome variables were time spent in first stage labor and time spent pushing. Factors included group assignment (peanut ball, no peanut ball), parity (primiparous, multiparous), and race. Age and maximum oxytocin dose served as covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among women having elective induction with epidural analgesia, use of a peanut ball reduced first stage labor duration for primiparous patients significantly more than multiparous patients, p = 0.018. There was no significant difference in the reduction of length of first stage labor for multiparous women, p = 0.057 with use of the peanut ball. Peanut ball use did not alter length of pushing time for either group, p > 0.05.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of peanut balls may reduce total labor time to a greater degree in primiparous patients than multiparous patients having elective induction at ≥39 weeks with epidural analgesia.
authors: Cheryl Roth is a Nurse Practitioner, HonorHealth Scottsdale Shea Medical Center, Scottsdale, AZ. The author can be reached via e-mail at cheryl.roth@honorhealth.com Sarah A. Dent is a Clinical Director, HonorHealth Scottsdale Shea Medical Center, Scottsdale, AZ. Sheryl E. Parfitt is a Clinical Educator, HonorHealth Scottsdale Shea Medical Center, Scottsdale, AZ. Sandra L. Hering is an Informatics Support Specialist, HonorHealth Scottsdale Shea Medical Center, Scottsdale, AZ. R. Curtis Bay, is a Professor, Biostatistics, Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A. T. Still University, Mesa, AZ.
authors: Cheryl
authors: C
authors: Roth
authors: Sarah A
authors: SA
authors: Dent
authors: Sheryl E
authors: SE
authors: Parfitt
authors: Sandra L
authors: SL
authors: Hering
authors: R Curtis
authors: RC
authors: Bay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007745:Labor Onset / Q000502:physiology*; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D010298:Parity; D036801:Parturition / Q000208:ethnology / Q000502:physiology; D056888:Patient Positioning / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards*; D011247:Pregnancy; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000208:ethnology; D013997:Time Factors