title: Development of an instrument for measuring activities of daily living in persons with suspected cognitive impairment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, structured assessment of function and activity has high priority when evaluating suspected cognitive impairment or dementia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to develop and psychometrically test an instrument to measure the ability to perform activities of daily living tasks in patients with suspected cognitive impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Cognitive Impairment in Daily Life (CID) instrument (for self-reported and informant-based assessments) has been developed in several phases. Content validity was achieved through five expert panels using a Content Validity Index (CVI). The content was tested further in a pilot study of 49 patients and 49 relatives from primary care or a specialist memory clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Content validity was good with a CVI index of 0.83. All patients considered that the included activities were relevant to them and reflected the difficulties they were experiencing. Most relatives considered the activities included in the instrument as adequate and captured the patients' difficulties in daily life. Some adjustments of the tasks and scale were suggested and these were implicated after each phase. In general, relatives reported that patients had more difficulties performing the activities than the patients reported themselves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CID instrument seems promising in terms of content validity. Further testing of reliability and construct validity is ongoing.
authors: a Department of Geriatric Medicine and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Sweden.
authors: Maria M
authors: MM
authors: Johansson
authors: a Department of Geriatric Medicine and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Sweden.
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Marcusson
authors: a Department of Geriatric Medicine and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Sweden.
authors: Ewa
authors: E
authors: Wressle
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000523:psychology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Cognition; dementia evaluation; instrument development