title: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and standardisation of hydro-methanol extract of underground tuber of Dioscorea alata.
abstract: Context The underground edible tuber of Dioscorea alata L. (Dioscoreaceae) is a functional food with high nutritive value and therapeutic potential. The tuber is known to possess anti-inflammatory properties in traditional medicine. Objective The present study explores the anti-inflammatory activity and standardisation of D. alata tuber hydromethanol extract. Materials and methods Hydromethanol extract (70%) of D. alata tuber was chemically characterised using HPLC and GC-MS techniques. Murine lymphocytes were cultured for 48 h with six different concentrations (0-80 μg/mL) of the extract. The expression of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, COX-1, COX-2, and PGE2 were evaluated using colorimetric and ELISA methods. Results Dioscorea alata extract inhibited the expression of NO and TNF-α with an IC50 value of 134.51 ± 6.75 and 113.30 ± 7.44 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values for inhibition of total COX, COX-1, COX-2 activities and PGE2 level were 41.96 ± 3.07, 141.41 ± 8.99, 32.50 ± 1.69, and 186.34 ± 15.36 μg/mL, respectively. Inhibition of PGE2 level and COX-2 activity was positively correlated (R(2) = 0.9393). Gallic acid (GA), 4-hydroxy benzoic acid (4HBA), syringic acid (SYA), p-coumaric acid (PCA), and myricetin (MY) were identified and quantified using HPLC. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 different phytocompounds such as hexadecanoic acid, methyl stearate, cinnamyl cinnamate, and squalene. Conclusion The D. alata extract significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory signals in a gradual manner compared with control (0 μg/mL). Different bioactive phytocompounds individually possessing anti-inflammatory activities contributed to the overall bioactivity of the D. alata tuber extract.
authors: a Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology , University of North Bengal , Siliguri , West Bengal , India ;
authors: Priyankar
authors: P
authors: Dey
authors: b Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , West Bengal , India.
authors: Sumedha
authors: S
authors: Roy Chowdhuri
authors: b Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , West Bengal , India.
authors: Mousumi Poddar
authors: MP
authors: Sarkar
authors: a Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology , University of North Bengal , Siliguri , West Bengal , India ;
authors: Tapas Kumar
authors: TK
authors: Chaudhuri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D027742:Dioscorea / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D035281:Plant Tubers; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse; D015232:Dinoprostone; D000432:Methanol
keywords: COX; GC-MS; HPLC; TNF-α; cytokine; nitric oxide; prostaglandin; yam