title: Effect of zero valent iron nanoparticles to Eisenia fetida in three soil types.
abstract: In this study, the influence of soil types on the effect of the commercial form of C-nZVI on tissue concentrations, cellular component, reproduction outcome in Eisenia fetida, and the soil health was investigated. C-nZVI at concentration level of 3 g kg(-1) soil showed no effect on the survival of E. fetida in the three soil types. However, varying effects such as concentration-dependent increase in tissue iron concentration, lipid peroxidation, and damage to DNA molecules by C-nZVI were observed. C-nZVI at an exposure concentration of 60 mg kg(-1) soil induced oxidative stress in E. fetida. Tissue Fe concentration appeared correlated to the DNA damage. Oxidative stress and DNA damage may explain the toxicity mechanisms of nZVI to E. fetida. Graphical Abstract Reactive oxygen species induced by nZVI.
authors: Division of Information Technology, Engineering, and The Environment, University of South Australia, CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia. yirbd001@mymail.unisa.edu.au.
authors: Biruck Desalegn
authors: BD
authors: Yirsaw
authors: Division of Information Technology, Engineering, and The Environment, University of South Australia, CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
authors: Srinithi
authors: S
authors: Mayilswami
authors: Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors: Mallavarapu
authors: M
authors: Megharaj
authors: Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors: Zuliang
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
authors: Ravi
authors: R
authors: Naidu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007501:Iron
keywords: DNA damage; Reactive oxygen species; Soil type; nZVI