title: Survey on the risk awareness of german pig and cattle farmers in relation to dealing with MRSA and antibiotics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The danger surrounding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been well known for decades. Although MRSA was initially only associated with hospitals, livestock-associated MRSA is being increasingly connected to the way food-supplying animals are treated. However, little is yet known about farmers' risk awareness and their knowledge of MRSA. Hence, the goal of this study was to discover farmers' perceptions of MRSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two successive studies were performed. Study I analysed the connection between the attitudes of cattle and pig farmers towards MRSA complications and characteristics such as age and vocational training. Study II dealt with the connection between contact frequency with livestock and the risk of MRSA colonisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For Study I, 101 questionnaires were completed. Analysis showed that the participants' education level (p=0.042, α=0.05) and the animal species kept on their farm (p=0.045, α=0.05) significantly influenced their perceptions. Screening results from 157 participants within Study II showed that contact frequency and the participants' particular profession were significantly decisive for MRSA prevalence (contact frequency: p=0.000, professional branch: p=0.000, OR=11.966, α=0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show a high degree of risk consciousness and responsibility among farmers. However, it is assumed that most farmers who took part in the studies were interested parties. Thus, the study results are valid only for the chosen livestock holdings. Ultimately, educational work is still needed. Joint projects between economics and science offer a good platform to spark farmers' interest in the MRSA problem, as well as to inform and enlighten them about dangers and connections. Interdisciplinary research will contribute to a better understanding of drug resistance and to reducing the long-term use of antibiotics.
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; s.schulze-geisthoevel@uni-bonn.de.
authors: Sophia Veronika
authors: SV
authors: Schulze-Geisthövel
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Elisa-Valerie
authors: EV
authors: Tappe
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Ricarda Maria
authors: RM
authors: Schmithausen
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Lepkojis
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Röttgen
authors: Institute of Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors: Brigitte
authors: B
authors: Petersen
keywords: LA-MRSA; antibiotic resistance; farm animals; hygiene; one health; prevention; risk perception; self-responsibility; veterinarians; zoonosis