title: Impact of prebiotic supplementation on T-cell subsets and their related cytokines, anthropometric features and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized placebo-controlled Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) asone of the main causes of morbidity and mortality is associated with immune system disturbances and metabolic abnormalities. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the effects of oligofructose-enriched inulin on T-cell subsets and their related cytokines, anthropometric and metabolic parameters in patients with T2DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six diabetic females patients were randomly allocated into intervention (n=27) and control (n=22) groups. Subjects in the intervention group received a daily dose of 10g of oligofructose-enriched inulin and subjects in control group received a placebo for two months. Anthropometric variables, metabolic parameters including fasting serum glucose (FSG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profile and blood pressure were measured at the beginning and after two months. Immune markers also included serum interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ concentrations were assessed and CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD11b(+)T-cell counts were determined by flow cytometry at baseline and end of the trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After two months intervention, significant improvements in anthropometric variables, blood pressure and serum lipids occurred in prebiotic-treated group (P<0.001). Serum IL-4, IL-12 and IFN-γ concentrationsalso significantly decreased in intervention group (P<0.001). No significant changes in CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD11b(+) T-cell counts were observed in treatment groups after intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed several beneficial effects of oligofructose-enriched inulin on the improvement of the glycemic status, lipid profile, and immune markers in patients with T2DM. Further studies are needed to confirming our findings and to better clarify the underlying mechanisms.
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: dehghan.nut@gmail.com.
authors: Parvin
authors: P
authors: Dehghan
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition in Community, School of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: abbasalizad_m@yahoo.com.
authors: Mahdieh Abbasalizad
authors: MA
authors: Farhangi
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: farnaz.tavakkoli62@gmail.com.
authors: Farnaz
authors: F
authors: Tavakoli
authors: Bone Research Center, Endocrine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz. Electronic address: endocrinology_tabriz@yahoo.com.
authors: Akbar
authors: A
authors: Aliasgarzadeh
authors: Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: movassaghpour@gmail.com.
authors: Aliakbar Movasaghpour
authors: AM
authors: Akbari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008875:Middle Aged; D056692:Prebiotics; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D056692:Prebiotics
keywords: Blood pressure; Cytokines; Prebiotic; T-cell subsets; Type 2 diabetic mellitus