title: Characteristic features and dye degrading capability of agar-agar gel immobilized manganese peroxidase.
abstract: Immobilization of enzymes has been regarded as an efficient approach to develop biocatalyst with improved activity and stability characteristics under reaction conditions. In the present study, purified manganese peroxidase (MnP) from Ganoderma lucidum IBL-05 was immobilized in agar-agar support using entrapment technique. Maximum immobilization yield was accomplished at 4.0% agar-agar gel. The immobilized MnP exhibited better resistance to changes in pH and temperature than the free enzyme, with optimal conditions being pH 6.0 and 50 °C. The kinetic parameters Km and Kcat/Km for free and entrapped MnP were calculated to be 65.6 mM and 6.99 M(-1) s(-1), and 82 mM and 8.15 M(-1) s(-1), respectively. Thermo-stability was significantly improved after immobilization. After 120 h, the insolubilized MnP retained its activity up to 71.9% and 60.3% at 30 °C and 40 °C, respectively. It showed activity until 10th cycle and retained 74.3% residual activity after 3th cycle. The effects of H2O2, ionic strength and potential inhibitors on activity of free and immobilized enzyme were investigated. Moreover, the decolorization of three structurally different dyes was monitored in order to assess the degrading capability of the entrapped MnP. The decolorization efficiencies for all the tested dyes were 78.6-84.7% after 12h. The studies concluded that the toxicity of dyes aqueous solutions was significantly reduced after treatment. The remarkable catalytic, thermo-stability and re-cycling features of the agar-agar immobilized MnP display a high potential for biotechnological applications.
authors: Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: bilaluaf@hotmail.com.
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Bilal
authors: Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Asgher
authors: Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Shahid
authors: Environmental & Material Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
authors: Haq Nawaz
authors: HN
authors: Bhatti
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D003116:Color; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D005782:Gels; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D020940:Reishi / Q000201:enzymology; D013696:Temperature; D013784:Textiles; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000362:Agar; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005782:Gels; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010544:Peroxidases; D062065:Wastewater; C051129:manganese peroxidase
keywords: Agar–agar; Dye decolorization; Ganoderma lucidum IBL-05; Immobilization; Manganese peroxidase; Toxicity