title: HIV risk behavior and internalizing/externalizing psychopathology among adolescents in court-ordered treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The confluence of drug use behaviors, sexual risk, and psychopathology may complicate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention intervention for adolescents engaging in substance use and criminal behavior. However, few studies have examined these risk associations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study identified HIV risk behavior subgroups among adolescents in court-ordered substance abuse treatment and examined linkages with dimensions of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Internalizing and externalizing behaviors were assessed with the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI). Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups on the basis of involvement in substance use proximal to sex, number of partners, and consistency of condom use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants (n = 301) were identified as demonstrating high, medium, or low levels of sexual risk behavior. Greater externalizing psychopathology distinguished the high risk class from the medium risk class and from the low risk class.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detained youth with particularly serious oppositional-defiant behavioral characteristics, substance use, and sex risk behavior likely require intensive interventions that address the multiple systemic factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of this pattern.
authors: a Department of Educational and Psychological Studies , University of Miami , Coral Gables , FL , USA.
authors: Robert C
authors: RC
authors: McMahon
authors: a Department of Educational and Psychological Studies , University of Miami , Coral Gables , FL , USA.
authors: Evan T
authors: ET
authors: Stanforth
authors: b Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention , Florida International University , Miami , FL , USA.
authors: Jessy G
authors: JG
authors: Dévieux
authors: b Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention , Florida International University , Miami , FL , USA.
authors: Michèle
authors: M
authors: Jean-Gilles
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D037141:Mandatory Programs; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Adolescent; HIV risk behavior; externalizing; internalizing; personality