title: Elicitation Approaches for Withanolide Production in Hairy Root Culture of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.
abstract: Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is a versatile medicinal plant extensively utilized for production of phytochemical drug preparations. The roots and whole plants are traditionally used in Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha medicines, as well as in homeopathy. Several studies provide evidence for an array of pharmaceutical properties due to the presence of steroidal lactones named "withanolides." A number of research groups have focused their attention on the effects of biotic and abiotic elicitors on withanolide production using cultures of adventitious roots, cell suspensions, shoot suspensions, and hairy roots in large-scale bioreactor for producing withanolides. This chapter explains the detailed procedures for induction and establishment of hairy roots from leaf explants of W. somnifera, proliferation and multiplication of hairy root cultures, estimation of withanolide productivity upon elicitation with salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate, and quantification of major withanolides by HPLC. The protocol herein described could be implemented for large-scale cultivation of hairy root biomass to improve withanolide production.
authors: Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305 764, South Korea. gsivabdu@gmail.com.
authors: Ganeshan
authors: G
authors: Sivanandhan
authors: Department of Botany, Periyar E. V. R College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620 023, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Natesan
authors: N
authors: Selvaraj
authors: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Andy
authors: A
authors: Ganapathi
authors: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India. manickbiotech@gmail.com.
authors: Markandan
authors: M
authors: Manickavasagam
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D032341:Withania / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D054358:Withanolides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D054358:Withanolides
keywords: Agrobacterium rhizogenes; HPLC; Hairy root culture; Inoculum mass; Methyl jasmonate exposure time; Salicylic acid; Time course study; Withanolides