title: Effort-reward imbalance at work, over-commitment personality and diet quality in Central and Eastern European populations.
abstract: The aims of this study were to investigate the associations between work stress defined by the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model and diet quality and to examine the potential role of over-commitment (OC) personality in ERI-diet relationships. A cross-sectional study was conducted in random population samples of 6340 men and 5792 women (age 45-69 years) from the Czech Republic, Russia and Poland. Dietary data were collected using FFQ. The healthy diet indicator (HDI) was constructed using eight nutrient/food intakes (HDI components) to reflect the adherence to WHO dietary guideline. The extent of imbalance between effort and reward was measured by the effort:reward (ER) ratio; the effort score was the numerator and the reward score was multiplied by a factor adjusting for unequal number of items in the denominator. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to assess the associations between exposures (ER ratio and OC) and outcomes (HDI components and HDI) after adjustment for confounders and mediators. The results showed that high ER ratio and high OC were significantly associated with unhealthy diet quality. For a 1-SD increase in the ER ratio, HDI was reduced by 0·030 and 0·033 sd in men and women, and for a 1-SD increase in OC, HDI was decreased by 0·036 and 0·032 sd in men and women, respectively. The modifying role of OC in ERI-diet relationships was non-significant. To improve diet quality at workplace, a multiple-level approach combining organisational intervention for work stress and individual intervention for vulnerable personality is recommended.
authors: 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,UK.
authors: Sung-Wei
authors: SW
authors: Chen
authors: 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,UK.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Peasey
authors: 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,UK.
authors: Denes
authors: D
authors: Stefler
authors: 3Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine,Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences,Novosibirsk 630090,Russia.
authors: Sofia
authors: S
authors: Malyutina
authors: 4Department of Epidemiology and Population Sciences,Jagiellonian University Medical College,Krakow 31531,Poland.
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Pajak
authors: 5Department of Environmental Health Monitoring System,National Institute of Public Health,Prague 10042,Czech Republic.
authors: Ruzena
authors: R
authors: Kubinova
authors: 2Department of Psychiatry,National Taiwan University Hospital,Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu City 300,Taiwan.
authors: Jen-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Chan
authors: 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,UK.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Bobak
authors: 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,London WC1E 6BT,UK.
authors: Hynek
authors: H
authors: Pikhart
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018153:Czech Republic; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D005061:Europe, Eastern; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D011044:Poland; D012201:Reward; D012426:Russia; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014937:Work / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D014944:World Health Organization
keywords: Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe; CEE Central and Eastern European; Diet; ERI effort–reward imbalance; Effort–reward imbalance; HAPIEE Health; HDI healthy diet indicator; OC over-commitment; Over-commitment; Personality; Work stress