title: Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Identification of Heavy Metal Arsenic(V)-Mediated Enhancing Effect on Antibiotic Resistance.
abstract: Bacterial antibiotic resistance poses a threat to global public health. Restricted usage of antibiotics does not necessarily prevent its continued emergence. Rapid and sensitive screening of triggers, in addition to antibiotic, and exploring the underlying mechanism are still major challenges. Herein, by developing a homogeneous vacuum filtration-based bacterial sample fabrication enabling high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) reproducibility across multiple bacterial samples and negating interfering spectral variations from inhomogeneous sample geometry and SERS enhancement, SERS was employed to study heavy metal arsenic [As(V)]-mediated antibiotic resistance in a robust, sensitive, and rapid fashion. Independent and robust spectral changes representing phenotypic bacterial responses, combined with multivariate analysis, clearly identified that As(V) enhanced antibiotic resistance to tetracycline (Tet). Similar spectral alteration profile to As(V) and Tet indicated that cross-resistance, whereby As(V)-induced bacterial resistance simultaneously blocked Tet action, could account for the enhanced resistance. The sensitive, robust, and rich phenotypic profile provided by SERS, combined with additional advantages in imposing no need to cultivate bacteria and single-cell sensitivity, can be further exploited to evaluate resistance-intervening factors in real microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Jiao
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PJ, U.K.
authors.forename: Wei E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China.
authors.forename: Bi-Feng
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K.
authors.forename: Francis L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K.
authors.forename: Jun-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Song
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Guan
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001151:Arsenic