title: Suture With Resorbable Cones: Histology and Physico-Mechanical Features.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Silhouette Sutures (Kolster Methods, Inc., Corona, CA) exhibit different biological characteristics at various time points after their placement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goals of this study were to understand the biological reactions of Silhouette Sutures in human tissues at different time intervals and to determine the index of resistance of the sutures in subcutaneous tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histologic examination was performed on section soft tissue containing the sutures at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after suture placement. The study comprised 8 patients, each of whom received 4 sutures in the lower abdomen under local anesthesia. The sutures were placed exactly 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year before planned post-bariatric abdominal surgery. Dynamometric evaluation was performed on a never-used suture and on sutures removed from 1 year after placement. The scar process around the threads was also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A progressive increase in scar tissue around the sutures was observed. One year after placement, there was a reduction of 16.7% in yield and tensile strength and a reduction of 14.29% in elongation at break, relative to the never-used suture. By 1 year, the cones in polylactic and glycolic acids had been replaced by scar tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibrous tissue around the sutures increased progressively over time, and was most prominent at the level of the nodes. Cones were completely resorbed within 6 months. A reduction in the index of resistance of the suspension sutures occurred over 1 year.
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Consiglio
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pizzamiglio
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Pier Camillo
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Parodi
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Biasio
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Pier Nicola
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Machin
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Loreto
authors.affiliation: Dr Consiglio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso, Treviso, Italy. Dr Pizzamiglio is Medical Director, Aesthetic Surgery Unit, USP Hospital of Marbella, Marbella, Spain. Dr Parodi is a Professor and Dr De Biasio is Medical Director, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; and Drs Machin and Di Loreto are Medical Directors, Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Dr Gamboa is a Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
authors.forename: Mabel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gamboa
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D061645:Abdominoplasty; D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D001706:Biopsy; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020878:Device Removal; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013537:Sutures; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome