title: Expression analysis of cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway genes in the intestinal mucosal layer of necrotic enteritis-induced chicken.
abstract: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a serious problem to the poultry farms, which report NE outbreaks more than once per year, as a result of the inappropriate use of antibiotics in the feed. The NE affected bird die rapidly as a result of various pathophysiological complications in the intestine and immune system. Also, several studies have reported that the genes exclusively related to intestine and immune functions are significantly altered in response to NE. In this study, NE was induced in two genetically disparate chicken lines that are resistant (line 6.3) and sensitive (line 7.2) to avian leukosis and Marek's disease. The intestinal mucosal layer was collected from NE-induced and control chickens, and subjected to RNA-sequencing analysis. The involvement of differentially expressed genes in the intestinal mucosal layer of line 6.3 and 7.2 with the immune system-related pathways was investigated. Among the identified immune system-related pathways, a candidate pathway known as chicken cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway (CDS pathway) was selected for further investigation. RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis identified a total of 21 genes that were involved in CDS pathway and differentially expressed in the intestinal mucosal layer of lines 6.3 and 7.2. The expression of CDS pathway genes was further confirmed by real-time qPCR. In the results, a majority of the CDS pathway genes were significantly altered in the NE-induced intestinal mucosal layer from lines 6.3 and 7.2. In conclusion, our study indicate that NE seriously affects several genes involved in innate immune defense and foreign DNA sensing mechanisms in the chicken intestinal mucosal layer. Identifying the immune genes affected by NE could be an important evidence for the protective immune response to NE-causative pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: deivendran@cau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Deivendran
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rengaraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: truonganhduc84@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anh Duc
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: lshin@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Sung-Hyen
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. Electronic address: Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Hyun S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lillehoj
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yhong@cau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yeong Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003016:Clostridium perfringens; D004247:DNA / Q000276:immunology*; D004539:Eimeria; D004751:Enteritis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000235:genetics*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009336:Necrosis; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: CDS pathway; Chicken; Intestinal mucosal layer; Necrotic enteritis