title: Evolution of the neobladder: A critical review of open and intracorporeal neobladder reconstruction techniques.
abstract: Orthotopic neobladder is an attractive alternative to the ileal conduit following radical cystectomy. Robotic cystectomy is gaining popularity although the uptake of neobladder reconstruction is low, with the majority of cases being constructed extracorporeally via a mini-laparotomy. Minimally invasive cystectomy using the robotic platform facilitates intracorporeal neobladder reconstruction and several techniques have been described. This review discusses issues relating to patient selection, and describes existing techniques of open surgical neobladder reconstruction and their evolution to suit an intracorporeal approach. A Medline search for publications from January 1970 to September 2015 with the following keyword search criteria was performed: radical cystectomy, robotic cystectomy, intracorporeal, neobladder, orthotopic bladder reconstruction, surgical technique, patient selection and ureteric-ileal anastomosis.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Surgery & Interventional Science , University College London , London , UK ;|b Department of Urology , University College London Hospital , London , UK.
authors.forename: Wei Shen
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: b Department of Urology , University College London Hospital , London , UK.
authors.forename: Benjamin W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.affiliation: a Division of Surgery & Interventional Science , University College London , London , UK ;|b Department of Urology , University College London Hospital , London , UK.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D002432:Cecum / Q000637:transplantation; D003106:Colon / Q000637:transplantation; D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000637:transplantation; D007422:Intestines / Q000637:transplantation*; D018579:Patient Selection; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent
keywords: Bladder cancer; bladder reconstruction; neobladder; radical cystectomy; urinary diversion