title: Intracellular Delivery by Shape Anisotropic Magnetic Particle-Induced Cell Membrane Cuts.
abstract: Introducing functional macromolecules into a variety of living cells is challenging but important for biology research and cell-based therapies. We report a novel cell delivery platform based on rotating shape anisotropic magnetic particles (SAMPs), which make very small cuts on cell membranes for macromolecule delivery with high efficiency and high survivability. SAMP delivery is performed by placing commercially available nickel powder onto cells grown in standard cell culture dishes. Application of a uniform magnetic field causes the magnetic particles to rotate because of mechanical torques induced by shape anisotropic magnetization. Cells touching these rotating particles are nicked, which generates transient membrane pores that enable the delivery of macromolecules into the cytosol of cells. Calcein dye, 3 and 40 kDa dextran polymers, a green fluorescence protein (GFP) plasmid, siRNA, and an enzyme (β-lactamase) were successfully delivered into HeLa cells, primary normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs), and mouse cortical neurons that can be difficult to transfect. The SAMP approach offers several advantages, including easy implementation, low cost, high throughput, and efficient delivery of a broad range of macromolecules. Collectively, SAMP delivery has great potential for a broad range of academic and industrial applications.
authors.affiliation: Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Yu
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yi-Chien
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Ji-Ann
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kuan-Wen
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Tung
authors.affiliation: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Teitell
authors.affiliation: Instrument Technology Research Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: J Andrew
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA pychiou@seas.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Pei Yu
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chiou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D008280:Magnetics / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D046911:Macromolecular Substances
keywords: enzyme; gene therapy; intracellular delivery; mouse cortical neurons; siRNA