title: Effects of salinity and temperature on in vitro cell cycle and proliferation of Perkinsus marinus from Brazil.
abstract: Field and in vitro studies have shown that high salinities and temperatures promote the proliferation and dissemination of Perkinsus marinus in several environments. In Brazil, the parasite infects native oysters Crassostrea gasar and Crassostrea rhizophorae in the Northeast (NE), where the temperature is high throughout the year. Despite the high prevalence of Perkinsus spp. infection in oysters from the NE of Brazil, no mortality events were reported by oyster farmers to date. The present study evaluated the effects of salinity (5, 20 and 35 psu) and temperature (15, 25 and 35 °C) on in vitro proliferation of P. marinus isolated from a host (C. rhizophorae) in Brazil, for a period of up to 15 days and after the return to the control conditions (22 days; recovery). Different cellular parameters (changes of cell phase's composition, cell density, viability and production of reactive oxygen species) were analysed using flow cytometry. The results indicate that the P. marinus isolate was sensitive to the extreme salinities and temperatures analysed. Only the highest temperature caused lasting cell damage under prolonged exposure, impairing P. marinus recovery, which is likely to be associated with oxidative stress. These findings will contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of perkinsiosis in tropical regions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular,Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza,Universidade Federal da Paraíba,Campus I,CEP 58051-900,João Pessoa,PB,Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Ramos
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Queiroga
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Departamento de Biologia Molecular,Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza,Universidade Federal da Paraíba,Campus I,CEP 58051-900,João Pessoa,PB,Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Fernando
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Marques-Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas,Centro de Ciências da Saúde,Universidade Federal da Paraíba,CEP 58051-900,João Pessoa,PB,Brazil.
authors.forename: Isac Almeida
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: De Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular,Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza,Universidade Federal da Paraíba,Campus I,CEP 58051-900,João Pessoa,PB,Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Mirella
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Da Silva
mesh_terms: D056893:Alveolata / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002452:Cell Count; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000469:parasitology*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D054712:Salinity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Perkinsus marinus; ROS; salinity; schizogony; temperature