title: The global burden of oral diseases in pediatric HIV-infected populations: a workshop report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To achieve a comprehensive understanding about the global burden of oral diseases in HIV-infected children and to identify research needs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted in PubMed (2009-2014) to address five questions: (i) prevalence of oral diseases in HIV-infected compared with uninfected children, (ii) impact of oral diseases on quality of life, (iii) effect of antiretroviral exposure in utero on craniofacial and dental development, (iv) important co-infections and antiretroviral complications, and (v) value of atraumatic restorative treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies showed a high prevalence of dental caries in HIV-infected children but the relationship between HIV infection and dental caries remains unclear. Also quality of life needs further investigation supported by better study designs and improvement of the instruments used. Up-to-date evidence suggested long-term harms associated with in utero antiretroviral exposure were minor but would require long-term follow-up through National Registries. The reviews also revealed the wide spectrum of metabolic disease due to antiretroviral therapy and co-infections such as tuberculosis. Finally, atraumatic restorative technique appears to be a simple and safe technique to treat dental caries but outcomes need further evaluation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children has raised novel challenging questions in the field of oral health warranting future research.
authors.affiliation: UFR d'Odontologie, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.|Equipe VIH et Santé Globale, INSERM U897, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arrive
authors.affiliation: UFR d'Odontostomatologie, Félix Houphouët Boigny University of Abidjan, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meless
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anaya-Saavedra
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallottini
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.|School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pinzon
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Amador
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D014071:Tooth Abnormalities / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: HIV; antiretrovirals; children; dental caries; oral lesions; oral-health-related quality-of-life