title: Enhancing proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of HMSCs on casein/chitosan multilayer films.
abstract: Creating a bioactive surface is important in tissue engineering. Inspired by the natural calcium binding property of casein (CA), multilayer films ((CA/CS)n) with chitosan (CS) as polycation were fabricated to enhance biomineralization, cell adhesion and differentiation. LBL self-assembly technique was used and the assembly process was intensively studied based on changes of UV absorbance, zeta potential and water contact angle. The increasing content of chitosan and casein with bilayers was further confirmed with XPS and TOF-SIMS analysis. To improve the biocompatibility, gelatin was surface grafted. In vitro mineralization test demonstrated that multilayer films had more hydroxyapatite crystal deposition. Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) were seeded onto these films. According to fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and cell cytoskeleton staining, MTT assay, expression of osteogenic marker genes, ALP activity, and calcium deposition quantification, it was found that these multilayer films significantly promoted HMSCs attachment, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation than TCPS control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
authors.forename: Zebin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhinan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
authors.forename: Liangting
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaozhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China. Electronic address: xuyue@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China. Electronic address: gongyih@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002364:Caseins; D024042:Collagen Type I; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D048271:Chitosan; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Casein; Layer-by-layer self-assembly; Multilayer films; Osteogenic differentiation; Stem cell