title: Implementation of an automatic and miniature on-line multi-parameter water quality monitoring system and experimental determination of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen.
abstract: An automatic, miniature and multi-parameter on-line water quality monitoring system based on a micro-spectrometer is designed and implemented. The system is integrated with the flow-batch analysis and spectrophotometric detection method. The effectiveness of the system is tested by measuring chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia-nitrogen in water. The results show that the modified system provides a cost-effective, sensitive, reproducible and reliable way to measure COD and ammonia-nitrogen in water samples with automatic operation and low toxic chemical consumption. In addition, the experiment results show that the relative error of the system is less than 10%, the limit of detection is 2 mg/L COD and 0.032 mg/L ammonia-nitrogen, respectively, and the relative standard deviation was 6.6% at 15.0 mg/L COD (n = 7) and 5.0% at 0.300 mg/L ammonia-nitrogen (n = 7). Results from the newly designed system are consistent with the data collected through the Chinese national standard analysis methods.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Micro/Nano-Device and System Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China and Microsystem Research Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China E-mail: xieyingke@cqut.edu.cn; Department of Optoelectronic Information, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400050, China.
authors.forename: Yingke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Micro/Nano-Device and System Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China and Microsystem Research Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China E-mail: xieyingke@cqut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Micro/Nano-Device and System Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China and Microsystem Research Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China E-mail: xieyingke@cqut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Micro/Nano-Device and System Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China and Microsystem Research Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China E-mail: xieyingke@cqut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Micro/Nano-Device and System Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China and Microsystem Research Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China E-mail: xieyingke@cqut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Kanglin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen