title: Profiling the biological effects of wastewater samples via bioluminescent bacterial biosensors combined with estrogenic assays.
abstract: Various water samples were successfully evaluated using a panel of different recombinant bioluminescent bacteria and estrogenic activity analysis. The bioluminescent bacteria strains induced by oxidative (superoxide radical or hydroxyl radical), protein damage, cell membrane damage, or cellular toxicity were used. Estrogenic activities were examined by using the yeast strain BY4741, which carries the β-galactosidase reporter gene under the control of the estrogen-responsive element (ERE). A total of 14 samples from three wastewater treatment plants, one textile factory, and seawater locations in Tunisia were analyzed. A wide range of bio-responses were described. Site/sample heterogeneity was prevalent, in combination with generally high relative bioluminescence scores for oxidative stress (OH•). Estrogenic activity was detected at all sites and was particularly elevated at certain sites. Our perspectives include the future exploration of the variation detected in relation to treatment plant operations and environmental impacts. In conclusion, this new multi-experimental method can be used for rapid bio-response profile monitoring and the evaluation of environmental samples spanning a wide range of domains. This study confirms that bio-reactive wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are discharged into seawater, where they may impact coastal populations.
authors.affiliation: Ecole des mines d'Alès, LGEI, 6 avenue de Clavieres, 303198, Alès cedex, France. Ingrid.bazin@mines-ales.fr.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bazin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health and Medical Information, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Place du Professeur Debré, 30029, Nîmes Cedex 09, France.
authors.forename: Carey M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Suehs
authors.affiliation: Department of Flexible Electronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne, Campus G. Charpak Provence, 880, route de Mimet, 13541, Gardanne, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramuz
authors.affiliation: INSERM U836, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, LabEx Ion Channel, Science and Therapeutics, Grenoble, France.|Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Waard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea. mbgu@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Man Bock
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis; D004970:Estrone / Q000032:analysis; D007220:Industrial Waste; D012623:Seawater; D014416:Tunisia; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D015003:Yeasts; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004967:Estrogens; D004970:Estrone; D007220:Industrial Waste; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
keywords: Bioluminescent bacteria; Estrogenic activity; Toxicity screening; Wastewater; Whole cell biosensor