title: Acceptability of intrauterine contraception among women living with human immunodeficiency virus: a randomised clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to compare acceptability of the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) among women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly assigned 703 HIV-positive women in Uganda to receive either a Cu-IUD or an LNG-IUS and followed them for at least one year. During the follow-up visits, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the women and acceptability of the Cu-IUD or LNG-IUS was assessed, using a Likert scale, at one, three, six and twelve months. At the final follow-up visit, women were also assessed for satisfaction with either method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 9 September 2013 and 31 December 2014, 703 women were recruited and assigned as follows: 349 to a Cu-IUD group and 354 to an LNG-IUS group. Acceptability decreased from 94.3% at one month to 87.7% at 12 months in the Cu-IUD group and from 96.3% at one month to 86.7% at 12 months in the LNG-IUS group (p = 0.97). Satisfaction with intrauterine contraception was reported by 83.7% (283/338) in the Cu-IUD group and by 90.4% (302/334) in the LNG-IUS group (p = 0.50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no significant difference in acceptability between the LNG-IUS and Cu-IUD among HIV-positive women. Satisfaction rates were high and similar in the two groups. Both the Cu-IUD and LNG-IUS are acceptable forms of contraception for HIV-positive women and should be made available to women in HIV care to increase their contraceptive method options.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The trial is registered at the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR 201308000561212).
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine , Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda ;
authors.forename: Othman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kakaire
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health , Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago National Referral Hospital , Kampala , Uganda ;
authors.forename: Nazarius Mbona
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Tumwesigye
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine , Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda ;
authors.forename: Josaphat Kayogoza
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Byamugisha
authors.affiliation: c Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health , Karolinska Institutet, WHO Centre C1:05, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gemzell-Danielsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper; D007436:Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014454:Uganda; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D016912:Levonorgestrel
keywords: Copper IUD; HIV-positive women; IUC acceptability; LNG-IUS; intrauterine contraception