title: Prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diabetes among Mexican adults: findings from the Mexican Health and Aging Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to examine the prevalence and determinants of prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diabetes among Mexican adults from a subsample of the Mexican Health and Aging Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 2012 participants from a subsample of the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Measures included sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, central obesity, medical conditions, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c, and vitamin D. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and self-reported diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of prediabetes, undiagnosed, and self-reported diabetes in this cohort was 44.2%, 18.0%, and 21.4%, respectively. Participants with high waist-hip ratio (1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-2.45) and high cholesterol (1.85, 95% CI = 1.36-2.51) had higher odds of prediabetes. Overweight (1.68, 95% CI = 1.07-2.64), obesity (2.38, 95% CI = 1.41-4.02), and high waist circumference (1.60, 95% CI = 1.06-2.40) were significantly associated with higher odds of having undiagnosed diabetes. Those residing in a Mexican state with high U.S. migration had lower odds of prediabetes (0.61, 95% CI = 0.45-0.82) and undiagnosed diabetes (0.53, 95% CI = 0.41-0.70). Those engaged in regular physical activity had lower odds of undiagnosed diabetes (0.74, 95% CI = 0.57-0.97).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a high prevalence of prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes among Mexican adults in this subsample. Findings suggest the need for resources to prevent, identify, and treat persons with prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston. Electronic address: amkumar@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston; Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston; Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ottenbacher
authors.affiliation: Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston; Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston; Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
authors.forename: Soham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al Snih
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report
keywords: BMI; Central obesity; HbA1c; MHAS; Mexico; Migration; Older adults; Physical activity; Prediabetes; Undiagnosed diabetes