title: Eosinophil chemotaxis assay in nasal polyps by using a novel optical device EZ-TAXIScan: Role of CC-chemokine receptor 3.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The chemokine receptor, CC-chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3), and its major ligands, eotaxin, RANTES, and MCP-4, are involved in eosinophil chemotaxis. It is thought that CCR3 plays an important role in the recruitment and activation of eosinophils in nasal polyposis. We examined nasal polyp extract-induced eosinophil chemotaxis and the effect of a CCR3 antagonist using EZ-TAXIScan, a novel real-time chemotaxis assay device.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nasal polyps were obtained from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients during surgery. The polyps were homogenized and eotaxin levels in the extracts were measured. Eosinophils were purified from human peripheral blood by the CD16 negative selection method. Nasal polyp extract-induced eosinophil chemotaxis, with or without CCR3 antagonist, was assessed by EZ-TAXIScan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant positive correlation between the eosinophil counts in nasal polyp and eotaxin levels in the nasal polyp extracts. Using EZ-TAXIScan, eosinophil chemotactic responses were observed following stimulation with nasal polyp extracts. There was a significant positive correlation between the chemotactic index toward the nasal polyp extracts and their eotaxin levels. Nasal polyp extract-induced chemotaxis was completely inhibited by CCR3 antagonist but not by chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) antagonist which inhibited PGD2-induced eosinophil chemotaxis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CCR3 pathway may play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophil recruitment in nasal polyps through selective eosinophil chemotaxis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan. Electronic address: kohei@med.akita-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Asaka
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D054397:Receptors, CCR3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019742:Chemokines, CC; D016207:Cytokines; D054397:Receptors, CCR3
keywords: Asthma; Chronic sinusitis; Eosinophils; Eotaxin; Nasal polyps