title: Vitamin D and the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition.
abstract: Several studies support reciprocal regulation between the active vitamin D derivative 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits EMT via the induction of a variety of target genes that encode cell adhesion and polarity proteins responsible for the epithelial phenotype and through the repression of key EMT inducers. Both direct and indirect regulatory mechanisms mediate these effects. Conversely, certain master EMT inducers inhibit 1,25(OH)2D3 action by repressing the transcription of VDR gene encoding the high affinity vitamin D receptor that mediates 1,25(OH)2D3 effects. Consequently, the balance between the strength of 1,25(OH)2D3 signaling and the induction of EMT defines the cellular phenotype in each context. Here we review the current understanding of the genes and mechanisms involved in the interplay between 1,25(OH)2D3 and EMT.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Larriba
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García de Herreros
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz