title: Computational high-resolution optical imaging of the living human retina.
abstract: High-resolutionin vivoimaging is of great importance for the fields of biology and medicine. The introduction of hardware-based adaptive optics (HAO) has pushed the limits of optical imaging, enabling high-resolution near diffraction-limited imaging of previously unresolvable structures1,2. In ophthalmology, when combined with optical coherence tomography, HAO has enabled a detailed three-dimensional visualization of photoreceptor distributions3,4and individual nerve fibre bundles5in the living human retina. However, the introduction of HAO hardware and supporting software adds considerable complexity and cost to an imaging system, limiting the number of researchers and medical professionals who could benefit from the technology. Here we demonstrate a fully automated computational approach that enables high-resolutionin vivoophthalmic imaging without the need for HAO. The results demonstrate that computational methods in coherent microscopy are applicable in highly dynamic living systems.
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Shemonski
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Fredrick A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: South
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Yuan-Zhi
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Adie
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: P Scott
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Carney
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N. Wright Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 506 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Boppart