title: IL-1β induced RXRα overexpression through activation of NF-κB signaling in gastric carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abnormal expression of Retinoid X Receptor α (RXRα) seems to be a frequent incident in a variety of cancers. However, the expression pattern and the mechanisms in gastric carcinoma (GC) remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  In GC tissues and cell lines, the expression levels of RXRα mRNA and protein were detected by Q-PCR and Western blot, respectively; the localization of RXRα was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or immunocytochemistry (ICC). The effect of IL-1β on RXRα expression and localization was detected by Western blot and ICC. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway was assessed via Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RXRα expression was markedly elevated at both mRNA and protein levels in GC tissues and cell lines (all P<0.05). The abnormal overexpression of RXRα was predominantly visualized in cytoplasm. IL-1β significantly induced cytoplasmic expression of RXRα in a time-dependent manner. Co-incubation with IL-1β enhanced phospho-IKKα (p-IKKα) expression and this effect could be inhibited by the specific inhibitor for NF-κB (all P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-1β upregulated RXRα through activation of NF-κB signaling and these suggested a possible clinic significance of retinoid receptor expression in the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
authors.affiliation: Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yue
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Gui-Li
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Qiang
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China. Electronic address: shendongyan@163.com.
authors.forename: Dong-Yan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047490:Retinoid X Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D047490:Retinoid X Receptor alpha
keywords: Gastric carcinoma; IL-1β; NF-κB; RXRα