title: Dual Receptor Recognizing Cell Penetrating Peptide for Selective Targeting, Efficient Intratumoral Diffusion and Synthesized Anti-Glioma Therapy.
abstract: Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) were widely used for drug delivery to tumor. However, the nonselective in vivo penetration greatly limited the application of CPPs-mediated drug delivery systems. And the treatment of malignant tumors is usually followed by poor prognosis and relapse due to the existence of extravascular core regions of tumor. Thus it is important to endue selective targeting and stronger intratumoral diffusion abilities to CPPs. In this study, an RGD reverse sequence dGR was conjugated to a CPP octa-arginine to form a CendR (R/KXXR/K) motif contained tandem peptide R8-dGR (RRRRRRRRdGR) which could bind to both integrin αvβ3 and neuropilin-1 receptors. The dual receptor recognizing peptide R8-dGR displayed increased cellular uptake and efficient penetration ability into glioma spheroids in vitro. The following in vivo studies indicated the active targeting and intratumoral diffusion capabilities of R8-dGR modified liposomes. When paclitaxel was loaded in the liposomes, PTX-R8-dGR-Lip induced the strongest anti-proliferation effect on both tumor cells and cancer stem cells, and inhibited the formation of vasculogenic mimicry channels in vitro. Finally, the R8-dGR liposomal drug delivery system prolonged the medium survival time of intracranial C6 bearing mice by 2.1-fold compared to the untreated group, and achieved an exhaustive anti-glioma therapy including anti-tumor cells, anti-vasculogenic mimicry and anti-brain cancer stem cells. To sum up, all the results demonstrated that R8-dGR was an ideal dual receptor recognizing CPP with selective glioma targeting and efficient intratumoral diffusion, which could be further used to equip drug delivery system for effective glioma therapy.
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Yayuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: 2. Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No. 51, Block 4, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Chaoqun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Qianwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Kairong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Qianyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Huile
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Zhirong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000502:physiology; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3; D008081:Liposomes; D009842:Oligopeptides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid
keywords: Anti-glioma; C-end Rule; Cell penetrating peptides; Glioma targeting; Tumor penetration