title: Emerging Role of Olanzapine for Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting.
abstract: The prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) continues to pose a challenge for clinicians. The development of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) antagonists and neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK1 -RAs) have demonstrated significant improvements in acute and delayed CINV for highly and moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Delayed and breakthrough CINV, however, continue to be difficult to manage despite available treatment agents. Randomized clinical trial data suggest that olanzapine, a second-generation thienobenzodiazepine, traditionally used in the treatment of manifestations of psychotic disorders, is an effective agent in these clinical settings. The short-term use of olanzapine has a favorable adverse event profile and was not associated with grade 3 or 4 toxicity in a phase III study. Olanzapine is recommended as an option within first-line prophylaxis for CINV in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and is an option for treatment of refractory CINV in the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/European Society for Medical Oncology and NCCN guidelines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Augusta, Georgia.|Georgia Regents Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: DeRemer
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Augusta, Georgia.|Georgia Regents Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia.|Department of Pharmacy, Georgia Regents Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Amber B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Clemmons
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Augusta, Georgia.|Department of Pharmacy, Georgia Regents Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Julianne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Augusta, Georgia.|Georgia Regents Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia.|Department of Pharmacy, Georgia Regents Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Stephen Michael
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Augusta, Georgia.|Georgia Regents Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia.|Department of Pharmacy, Georgia Regents Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Arpita Shah
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gandhi
mesh_terms: D000932:Antiemetics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002173:Cancer Care Facilities; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077152:Olanzapine; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012954:Societies, Hospital; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
keywords: chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting; emetogenic; olanzapine