title: 9-Hydroxyrisperidone-Induced Hyperprolactinaemia in Thai Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
abstract: Although our previous study revealed an association between prolactin level and risperidone dosage, data regarding the plasma concentration of risperidone are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between plasma drug concentrations of risperidone, 9-hydroxyrisperidone and serum prolactin level in Thai children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The individuals for this study were 103 children and adolescents with ASD (90 males and 13 females). In the 12th hour after the last risperidone dose, blood samples were collected for analysis. Serum prolactin, plasma risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone levels were measured. Patients' clinical data were collected from medical records - age, weight, height, body mass index, dose of risperidone and duration of treatment. Serum prolactin level was significantly positively correlated with plasma 9-hydroxyrisperidone level (rs = 0.355, p < 0.001). The median concentration of 9-hydroxyrisperidone in individuals with hyperprolactinaemia (7.59 ng/ml; IQR 4.86-15.55) was significantly higher than non-hyperprolactinaemic individuals (5.18 ng/ml; IQR 2.10-8.99) after risperidone treatment (p = 0.006). By multivariate analysis, high prolactin level was correlated to high 9-hydroxyrisperidone level (p = 0.010). The results of this study showed that serum prolactin levels, especially in autistic individuals with hyperprolactinaemia during risperidone treatment, were significantly correlated with the level of 9-hydroxyrisperidone. These results suggest that hyperprolactinaemia may develop during risperidone treatment.
authors.affiliation: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Samut Prakan, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nattawat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ngamsamut
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.|Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Yaowaluck
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hongkaew
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.|Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Natchaya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vanwong
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pornpen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srisawasdi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.|Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Apichaya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puangpetch
authors.affiliation: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Samut Prakan, Thailand.
authors.forename: Bhunnada
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chamkrachangpada
authors.affiliation: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Samut Prakan, Thailand.
authors.forename: Theerarat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tan-Khum
authors.affiliation: Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Mental Health Services, Ministry of Public Health, Samut Prakan, Thailand.
authors.forename: Penkhae
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Limsila
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.|Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chonlaphat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sukasem
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D018967:Risperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D013785:Thailand; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011388:Prolactin; D018967:Risperidone; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate