title: Effects of the lifestyle habits in breast cancer transcriptional regulation.
abstract: Through research carried out in the last 25 years about the breast cancer etiology, it has been possible to estimate that less than 10 % of patients who are diagnosed with the condition are carriers of some germline or somatic mutation. The clinical reports of breast cancer patients with healthy twins and the development of disease in women without high penetrance mutations detected, warn the participation more factors in the transformation process. The high incidence of mammary adenocarcinoma in the modern woman and the urgent need for new methods of prevention and early detection have demanded more information about the role that environment and lifestyle have on the transformation of mammary gland epithelial cells. Obesity, alcoholism and smoking are factors that have shown a close correlation with the risk of developing breast cancer. And although these conditions affect different cell regulation levels, the study of its effects in the mechanisms of transcriptional and epigenetic regulation is considered critical for a better understanding of the loss of identity of epithelial cells during carcinogenesis of this tissue. The main objective of this review was to establish the importance of changes occurring to transcriptional level in the mammary gland as a consequence of acute or chronic exposure to harmful products such as obesity-causing foods, ethanol and cigarette smoke components. At analyze the main studies related to topic, it has concluded that the understanding of effects caused by the lifestyle factors in performance of the transcriptional mechanisms that determine gene expression of the mammary gland epithelial cells, may help explain the development of this disease in women without genetic propensity and different phenotypic manifestations of this cancer type.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Marco Allán
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pérez-Solis
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maya-Nuñez
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casas-González
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Aleida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olivares
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Rojas
keywords: Breast cancer; Ethanol; Obesity; Tobacco; Transcription