title: Protective Role of Flavonoids and Lipophilic Compounds from Jatropha platyphylla on the Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Inflammation in Macrophage Cells.
abstract: Seventeen polyphenols (e.g, apigenin, genistein, and luteolin glycosides) and 11 lipophilic compounds (e.g., fatty acids, sterols, and terpenes) were detected by LC-MS/MS-ESI and GC-MS, respectively, in Jatropha platyphylla. Extracts from pulp, kernel, and leaves and fractions were studied to know their effect on some pro-inflammatory mediators. Phenolic and lipophilic extracts showed significant inhibitory effects on ROS and NO production while not affecting mitochondrial activity or superoxide generation rate in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, NO production was also diminished by lipophilic leaf fractions F1 and F2 with the latter fraction showing a greater effect and composed mainly of sterols and terpene. Furthermore, total extracts showed nonselective inhibitions against cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2 activities. All together, these results suggest that J. platyphylla extracts have potential in treating inflammatory diseases and their activity is mediated by flavonoids and lipophilic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a Eldorado km 5.5 Col. Campo el Diez, C.P. 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors.forename: Dulce L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ambriz-Pérez
authors.forename: Woo Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: Vimal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a Eldorado km 5.5 Col. Campo el Diez, C.P. 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Angulo-Escalante
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cisneros-Zevallos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a Eldorado km 5.5 Col. Campo el Diez, C.P. 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
authors.forename: J Basilio
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Heredia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031286:Jatropha / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013261:Sterols / Q000494:pharmacology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013261:Sterols; D013729:Terpenes; D009569:Nitric Oxide
keywords: Jatropha platyphylla; ROS and NO pro-inflammatory mediators; fatty acids; flavonoid glycosides; inflammation; macrophages; sterols; terpene