title: Selection of suitable fertilizer draw solute for a novel fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis-anaerobic membrane bioreactor hybrid system.
abstract: In this study, a protocol for selecting suitable fertilizer draw solute for anaerobic fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (AnFDFOMBR) was proposed. Among eleven commercial fertilizer candidates, six fertilizers were screened further for their FO performance tests and evaluated in terms of water flux and reverse salt flux. Using selected fertilizers, bio-methane potential experiments were conducted to examine the effect of fertilizers on anaerobic activity due to reverse diffusion. Mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) showed the highest biogas production while other fertilizers exhibited an inhibition effect on anaerobic activity with solute accumulation. Salt accumulation in the bioreactor was also simulated using mass balance simulation models. Results showed that ammonium sulfate and MAP were the most appropriate for AnFDFOMBR since they demonstrated less salt accumulation, relatively higher water flux, and higher dilution capacity of draw solution. Given toxicity of sulfate to anaerobic microorganisms, MAP appears to be the most suitable draw solution for AnFDFOMBR.
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 1-5 Ga, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Youngjin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chekli
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Wang-Geun
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Sherub
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phuntsho
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological & Enviromental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological & Enviromental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Noreddine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghaffour
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological & Enviromental Science & Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: TorOve
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leiknes
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Post Box 129, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia. Electronic address: Hokyong.Shon-1@uts.edu.au.
authors.forename: Ho Kyong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Shon
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis; D019149:Bioreactors; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis; D009995:Osmosis; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000032:analysis; D012996:Solutions; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005308:Fertilizers; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008697:Methane; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012996:Solutions; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor; Bio-methane potential; Draw solution selection; Fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis; OMBR simulation