title: Application of multiwalled carbon nanotubes as sorbents for the extraction of mycotoxins in water samples and infant milk formula prior to high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis.
abstract: In this work, a simple and environmental friendly methodology has been developed for the analysis of a group of six mycotoxins with estrogenic activity produced by Fusarium species (i.e. zearalanone, zearalenone, α-zearalanol, β-zearalanol, α-zearalenol, and β-zearalenol), using microdispersive SPE the symbol micro should de before dSPE with multiwalled carbon nanotubes as sorbent. Separation, determination, and quantification were achieved by HPLC coupled to ion trap MS with an ESI interface. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of µ-dSPE such as pH of the sample, amount of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and type and volume of elution solvent, were studied and optimized. The methodology was validated for mineral, pond, and wastewater as well as for powdered infant milk using 17β-estradiol-2,4,16,16,17-d5 (17β-E2 -D5 ) as internal standard, obtaining recoveries ranging from 85 to 120% for the three types of water samples and from 77 to 115% for powdered infant milk. RSD values were lower than 10%. The LOQs achieved were in the range 0.05-2.90 μg/L for water samples and 2.02-31.9 μg/L for powdered infant milk samples.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), s/n0, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Socas-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), s/n0, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Sálamo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), s/n0, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernández-Borges
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), s/n0, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Delgado
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000032:analysis*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D061005:Ponds / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis; D015029:Zeranol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D008900:Mineral Waters; D009183:Mycotoxins; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D062065:Wastewater; D015025:Zearalenone; D015029:Zeranol; C029659:zearalenol; C028226:taleranol
keywords: Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Microdispersive solid-phase extraction; Multiwalled carbon nanotubes; Mycotoxins