title: Comparison of fetal cartilage-derived progenitor cells isolated at different developmental stages in a rat model.
abstract: Fetal cartilage-derived progenitor cells (FCPCs) could be a useful cell source in cell-based therapies for cartilage disorders. However, their characteristics can vary depending on the developmental stages. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of rat FCPCs from the hind limb on embryonic day 14 (E14), E16 and E20 regarding proliferation, pluripotency, and differentiation. Morphologically, rat fetal cartilage tissue showed an increase in cartilaginous differentiation features (Safranin-O, type II collagen) and decrease in pluripotency marker (Sox2) in the order of E14, E16 and E20. E14 FCPCs showed significantly higher doubling time compared to E16 and E20 FCPCs. While the E14 FCPCs expressed pluripotent genes (Sox2, Oct4, Nanog), the E16 and E20 FCPCs expressed chondrogenic markers (Sox9, Col2a1, Acan). E20 FCPCs showed the highest ability to both chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation and E14 FCPCs showed relatively better activity in osteogenic differentiation. Further analysis showed that E20 FCPCs expressed both adipogenic (C/ebpß) and osteogenic (Runx2, Sp7, Taz) transcription factors as well as chondrogenic transcription factors. Our results show an inverse relationship overall between the expression of pluripotency genes and that of chondrogenic and lineage-specific genes in FCPCs under development. Due to its exceptional proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation ability, fetal cells from epiphyseal cartilage (E20 in rats) may be a suitable cell source for cartilage regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Science & Technology, 206 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.|Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Hospital, 164 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
authors.forename: Mijin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
authors.forename: Jiyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
authors.forename: So Ra
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Hospital, 164 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jick
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Hyune
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Science & Technology, 206 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.|Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Hospital, 164 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.|Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, 206 Worldcup-ro Yongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Min
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation
keywords: cartilage tissue; cell therapy; developmental stage; differentiation; fetal stem/progenitor cells