title: Right Ventricular Imaging in 25 Seconds: Evaluating the Use of Sparse Sampling CINE With Iterative Reconstruction for Volumetric Analysis of the Right Ventricle.
abstract: The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate a 2-dimensional real-time CINE TrueFISP magnetic resonance sequence using sparse data sampling with iterative reconstruction (SSIR) for right ventricular (RV) volumetry in comparison to the criterion standard (CS) acquired at 3 T.
  
  
  
  Ten healthy controls and 20 consecutive patients scheduled for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging on a 3-T system (Magnetom Skyra; Siemens Healthcare Sector, Germany) underwent undersampled SSIR sequences with a single breath-hold (BH) as well as with shallow free breathing (NBH) and a fully sampled multi-BH sequence as CS. Right ventricular volumetry was performed with dedicated cardiac magnetic resonance software (cvi42; Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc, Calgary, Alberta, Canada). Agreement of SSIR with and without BH and CS for RV functional parameters (end-systolic volume [RVESV], end-diastolic volume [RVEDV], stroke volume [RVSV], and ejection fraction [RVEF]) were assessed with Bland-Altman analysis and paired t test.
  
  
  
  Analysis of the 30 individuals (19 male; 48 ± 14 years) revealed no significant differences when comparing CS and BH measurements for RVEDV (153.7 vs 153.6 mL, P = 0.96), RVESV (71.6 vs 72.1 mL, P = 0.78), RVSV (82.0 vs 81.6 mL, P = 0.65), and RVEF (54.9% vs 54.2%, P = 0.19). Similar results were shown when comparing CS and NBH measurements for RVEDV (153.7 vs 152.2 mL, P = 0.34), RVESV (71.6 vs 72.8 mL, P = 0.30), RVSV (82.0 vs 81.0 mL, P = 0.46), and RVEF (54.9 vs 54.4, P = 0.48). Time taken for acquisition was 350 seconds for the CS, 34 seconds for BH, and 25 seconds for NBH measurements. Additional time required for iterative reconstruction was 2 minutes and 30 seconds for the sparse sampled data sets.
  
  
  
  Our results demonstrate that accurate RV volumetry with SSIR data at 3 T is feasible in clinical routine within 25 seconds even without BH, which is of particular importance in patients with dyspnea.
authors.affiliation: From the *Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University; †DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Mannheim; ‡MR Product Innovation and Definition, Healthcare Sector, Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany; §Imaging and Computer Vision, Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, Princeton, NJ; and ∥First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haubenreisser
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Henzler
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Budjan
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sudarski
authors.forename: Michael O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Zenge
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Mariappan S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nadar
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borggrefe
authors.forename: Stefan O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: Theano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Papavassiliu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013995:Time