title: A practical review on carfilzomib in multiple myeloma.
abstract: Carfilzomib, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, has been increasingly used in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) since its approval by the American food and drug administration (FDA) in the summer of 2012. The drug is active as a single agent and in combination with other antimyeloma agents. As a result of its efficacy and safety in the relapsed/refractory setting, carfilzomib is being evaluated in patients with newly diagnosed MM as well as in high-risk smoldering MM. This review will give a comprehensive summary of the drug, including its mechanism of action, the evaluated doses and schedules as well as a summary of the main clinical trials in the relapsed/refractory and newly diagnosed settings. A focus will be placed upon certain subgroups of interest as well as a description of the toxicity associated with carfilzomib use and a clinical perspective on toxicity management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muchtar
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Morie A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gertz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel.|Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Hila
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Magen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D015897:Comorbidity; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009842:Oligopeptides; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; C524865:carfilzomib
keywords: carfilzomib; combination regimen; induction; multiple myeloma; proteasome inhibitors; relapse