title: Global topics and novel approaches in the study of air pollution, climate change and forest ecosystems.
abstract: Research directions from the 27th conference for Specialists in Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Forest Ecosystems (2015) reflect knowledge advancements about (i) Mechanistic bases of tree responses to multiple climate and pollution stressors, in particular the interaction of ozone (O3) with nitrogen (N) deposition and drought; (ii) Linking genetic control with physiological whole-tree activity; (iii) Epigenetic responses to climate change and air pollution; (iv) Embedding individual tree performance into the multi-factorial stand-level interaction network; (v) Interactions of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile compounds (molecular, functional and ecological bases); (vi) Estimating the potential for carbon/pollution mitigation and cost effectiveness of urban and peri-urban forests; (vii) Selection of trees adapted to the urban environment; (viii) Trophic, competitive and host/parasite relationships under changing pollution and climate; (ix) Atmosphere-biosphere-pedosphere interactions as affected by anthropospheric changes; (x) Statistical analyses for epidemiological investigations; (xi) Use of monitoring for the validation of models; (xii) Holistic view for linking the climate, carbon, N and O3 modelling; (xiii) Inclusion of multiple environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic) in critical load determinations; (xiv) Ecological impacts of N deposition in the under-investigated areas; (xv) Empirical models for mechanistic effects at the local scale; (xvi) Broad-scale N and sulphur deposition input and their effects on forest ecosystem services; (xvii) Measurements of dry deposition of N; (xviii) Assessment of evapotranspiration; (xix) Remote sensing assessment of hydrological parameters; and (xx) Forest management for maximizing water provision and overall forest ecosystem services. Ground-level O3 is still the phytotoxic air pollutant of major concern to forest health. Specific issues about O3 are: (xxi) Developing dose-response relationships and stomatal O3 flux parameterizations for risk assessment, especially, in under-investigated regions; (xxii) Defining biologically based O3 standards for protection thresholds and critical levels; (xxiii) Use of free-air exposure facilities; (xxiv) Assessing O3 impacts on forest ecosystem services.
authors.affiliation: ACRI-HE, 260 Route Du Pin Montard BP234, 06904 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France. Electronic address: Pierre.Sicard@acri-he.fr.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sicard
authors.affiliation: Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Studentu 13, Kaunas Dstr., LT-53362 Lithuania. Electronic address: Algirdas.Augustaitis@asu.lt.
authors.forename: Algirdas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Augustaitis
authors.affiliation: Stockholm University, Sweden. Electronic address: salim@belyazid.com.
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belyazid
authors.affiliation: IBAF-CNR, Via Marconi 2, Porano, Italy. Electronic address: carlo.calfapietra@ibaf.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Calfapietra
authors.affiliation: ENEA, Casaccia, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: alessandra.demarco@enea.it.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Marco
authors.affiliation: USDA, Forest Service, PSW Research Station, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr., Riverside, CA 92507, USA. Electronic address: mfenn@fs.fed.us.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fenn
authors.affiliation: USDA, Forest Service, PSW Research Station, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr., Riverside, CA 92507, USA. Electronic address: abytnerowicz@fs.fed.us.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bytnerowicz
authors.affiliation: WWETAC Prineville, OR, USA. Electronic address: ngrulke@fs.fed.us.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grulke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China. Electronic address: shanghechina@126.com.
authors.forename: Shang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Ecophysiology of Plants, Technische Universität München, von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany. Electronic address: matyssek@wzw.tum.de.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matyssek
authors.affiliation: University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: serengil@istanbul.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Serengil
authors.affiliation: Division of Alpine Timberline Ecophysiology, Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Rennweg 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: gerhard.wieser@uibk.ac.at.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wieser
authors.affiliation: IPSP-CNR, Via Madonna Del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze, Italy. Electronic address: elena.paoletti@cnr.it.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paoletti
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D000397:Air Pollution; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D057231:Climate Change; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D055864:Droughts; D065928:Forests; D006801:Humans; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010126:Ozone / Q000633:toxicity*; D012106:Research; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014197:Trees / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D014867:Water; D010126:Ozone; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Climatic stressors; Interactions; Nitrogen deposition; Ozone; Urban forests