title: The relationship between hypertension and sleep duration: an analysis of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-3).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The majority of patients, however, cannot easily maintain a healthy blood pressure. Therefore, lifestyle modifications are important and may include getting enough sleep. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep duration and hypertension, as defined by the Joint National Committee (JNC) 7 and JNC 8 guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the data from 6,365 individuals aged ≥ 18 years based on national data from a representative sample of the 5(th) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-3 in 2012. The participants were divided into three categories: JNC 7, JNC 8, and newly excluded only. The duration of sleep was classified as less than 5, 6, 7, 8, or more than 9 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the appropriate sleep duration of 7 hours, with a sleep duration of less than 5 hours, the recommended pharmacological treatment of hypertension rate increased 1.908-fold (95% CI = 1.483-2.456) according to the JNC 8 guidelines and 1.864-fold (95% CI = 1.446-2.403) according to the JNC 7 guidelines. However, there was no statistical difference with the other sleep categories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The recommended hypertension treatment rate increased significantly in the less than 5 hours sleep group according to the JNC 8 guidelines. To manage hypertension effectively, it may be useful to maintain a lifestyle of sleeping more than 6 hours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Gyu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Medical Education Unit, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangyeop
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Division of Cardiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Division of Cardiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hye
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Blood pressure; Hypertension; Sleep duration