title: Diet supplementation with cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, or monensin does not reduce enteric methane production of dairy cows.
abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary addition of cinnamon oil (CIN), cinnamaldehyde (CDH), or monensin (MON) on enteric methane (CH4) emission in dairy cows. Eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design (28-day periods). Cows were fed (ad libitum) a total mixed ration ((TMR); 60 : 40 forage : concentrate ratio, on a dry matter (DM) basis) not supplemented (CTL), or supplemented with CIN (50 mg/kg DM intake), CDH (50 mg/kg DM intake), or monensin (24 mg/kg of DM intake). Dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient digestibility, N retention, and milk performance were measured over 6 consecutive days. Ruminal degradability of the basal diet (with no additive) was assessed using in sacco incubations (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Ruminal fermentation characteristics (pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and ammonia (NH3)) and protozoa were determined over 2 days. Enteric CH4 emissions were measured over 6 consecutive days using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas technique. Adding CIN, CDH or MON to the diet had no effects on DMI, N retention, in sacco ruminal degradation and nutrient digestibility of the diet. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and protozoa numbers were not modified by including the feed additives in the diet. Enteric CH4 emission and CH4 energy losses averaged 491 g/day and 6.59% of gross energy intake, respectively, and were not affected by adding CIN, CDH or MON to the diet. Results of this study indicate that CIN, CDH and MON are not viable CH4 mitigation strategies in dairy cows.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre,2000 College Street,Sherbrooke,Quebec,Canada J1M 0C8.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benchaar
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D003612:Dairying; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D002149:Energy Intake; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008697:Methane / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008892:Milk / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008985:Monensin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010298:Parity; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012417:Rumen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D000641:Ammonia; D000171:Acrolein; D008985:Monensin; D008697:Methane; C012843:cinnamaldehyde
keywords: dairy cow; enteric methane production; essential oils; monensin