title: Recruiting African Americans with peripheral artery disease for a behavioral intervention trial.
abstract: We report recruitment strategies for an NIH-funded trial focused on African Americans with peripheral artery disease (PAD). We present complete recruitment efforts for this 1-year trial, 5-year study. Eligibility included the following: African American, a resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) ⩽ 0.99, a short physical performance battery (SPPB) score of 10 or lower, English speaking, telephone access, and absence of coronary ischemia during a submaximal treadmill test. Recruitment included mailings of brochures to zip codes in which more than 50% of residents were African American, advertisements, community events, and physician/clinic referrals. We telephone-screened 3511 persons, of whom 792 did not recall the method by which they learned about the study. We randomized 174 participants. Mailings yielded the highest percentage of randomized participants (n=60, 34.4%), followed by television advertisements (n=42, 24.1%), followed by community events (n=24, 13.8%). In conclusion, to recruit African Americans with PAD for a clinical trial, investigators should consider mailings of brochures, television advertisements, and community events. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT01321086.
authors.affiliation: Baptist Health System, General Surgery Residency Program, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Love
authors.affiliation: Memorial Family Medicine Residency Program, Sugar Land, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nwachokor
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Wichita, KS, USA tcollins2@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: Tracie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D000329:Advertising; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D005080:Exercise Test; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007615:Kansas / Q000453:epidemiology; D008402:Mass Media; D062405:Motivational Interviewing; D010174:Pamphlets; D018579:Patient Selection; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011177:Postal Service; D035842:Research Subjects / Q000523:psychology*; D013689:Telephone; D013690:Television; D016138:Walking
keywords: African Americans; clinical trial; peripheral artery disease (PAD); recruitment