title: The interactions between cationic cellulose and Gemini surfactant in aqueous solution.
abstract: Due to the extensive application of cationic cellulose in cosmetic, drug delivery and gene therapy, combining the improvement effect of surfactant-cellulose complexes, to investigate the properties of cellulose in aqueous solution is an important topic from both scientific and technical views. In this study, the phase behavior, solution properties and microstructure of Gemini surfactant sodium 5-nonyl-2-(4-(4-nonyl-2-sulfonatophenoxy)butoxy)phenyl sulfite (9-4-9)/cationic cellulose (JR400, the ammonium groups are directly bonded to the hydroxyethyl substituent with a degree substitution of 0.37) mixture was investigated using turbidity, fluorescence spectrophotometer and shear rheology techniques. As a control, the interaction of corresponding monovalent surfactant, sodium 2-ethoxy-5-nonylbenzenesulfonate (9-2) with JR400 in aqueous solution was also studied. Experimental results showed that 9-4-9/JR400 mixture has lower critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC) (about one order of magnitude) than 9-2/JR400 mixture. A low concentration of Gemini surfactant 9-4-9 appeared to induce an obvious micropolarity and viscosity value variation of the mixture, while these effects required a high concentration of corresponding monovalent one. Furthermore, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements illuminated the formation and collapse procedure of network structure of the 9-4-9/JR400 mixture, which resulted in the increase and decrease of viscosity. These results suggest that the molecular structure of the surfactant has a great effect on its interaction with cationic cellulose. Moreover, the Gemini surfactant/cationic cellulose mixture may be used as a potencial stimuli-responsive drug delivery vector which not only load hydrophilic drugs, but also deliver hydrophobic substances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
authors.forename: Shaojing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
authors.forename: Fa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China. Electronic address: ypwei@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D055672:Static Electricity; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D002482:Cellulose
keywords: Cationic cellulose; Gemini surfactant; Micropolarity; Microstructure