title: Evaluation of toxicity and genotoxicity of 2-chlorophenol on bacteria, fish and human cells.
abstract: Due to the extensive use of chlorophenols (CPs) in anthropogenic activities, 2-Chlorophenol (2-CP), among other CPs, can enter aquatic ecosystems and can be harmful to a variety of organisms, including bacteria, fish and humans, that are exposed directly and/or indirectly to such contaminated environments. Based on the existing knowledge and in order to move a step forward, the purpose of this study is to investigate the toxic and mainly the genotoxic effects of 2-CP using a combination of bioassays. The tests include the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and micronuclei induction in the erythrocytes of Carassius auratus as well as in cultured human lymphocytes. The results obtained reveal that 2-CP is able to induce dose-dependent toxic and genotoxic effects on the selected tested concentrations under the specific experimental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Seferi 2, GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece. Electronic address: dvlastos@upatras.gr.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vlastos
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Seferi 2, GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonopoulou
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Konstantinou
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage; D006054:Goldfish; D006801:Humans; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D009153:Mutagens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C030683:2-chlorophenol
keywords: 2-Chlorophenol; Carassius auratus; Genotoxicity; Micronuclei; Toxicity; Vibrio fischeri