title: Preparation and characterization of silymarin synchronized-release microporous osmotic pump tablets.
abstract: The pharmacological activity of herbal medicine is an overall action of each component in accordance with their original proportion. An efficient, sustained, and controlled-release drug delivery system of herbal medicine should ensure the synchronized drug release of each active component during the entire release procedure. In this study, silymarin (SM), a poorly soluble herbal medicine, was selected as a model drug to develop a synchronized-release drug delivery system: an SM microporous osmotic pump (MPOP) tablet. The SM was conjugated with phospholipid (SM phytosome complex, SM-PC) to improve the solubility, and the difference in the apparent octanol-water partition coefficient between the two components was significantly reduced. The dissolution rate of SM-PC was significantly higher than SM active pharmaceutical ingredients and was the same as that of the commercial SM capsule. The SM-PC was used to generate the MPOP tablet. SM was mixed with poly(ethylene) oxide and sodium chloride (an osmotic agent) to form the MPOP core, followed by coating with cellulose acetate and poly(ethylene) oxide to generate the SM MPOP. The results demonstrated that SM MPOP could synchronically and sustainably release the five active components within 12 hours (the similar coefficient f 2 between two components was >65), and the average cumulative release rate was 85%. Fitting of the drug-release curve showed a zero-order release profile for SM MPOP. Our study showed that the phytosome complex technique combined with the MPOP system will achieve synchronized release of the various active components of herbal medicine and have potential applications in developing sustained release preparations in herbal medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qi-ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ai-wen
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D009995:Osmosis; D012838:Silymarin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012995:Solubility; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013607:Tablets; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D012838:Silymarin; D013607:Tablets
keywords: dissolution test; microporous osmotic pump tablets; phytosome complex; silymarin; sustained release; synchronized release