title: Analysis of Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Patients with and without Tuberculosis by Liquid Array-Based Multiplexed Immunoassays.
abstract: The aim of this study was to establish plasma cytokine/chemokine profiles in patients with 3 different presentations of active tuberculosis (TB), compared to the profiles observed in bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated healthy individuals and patients with other pulmonary diseases (non-TB patients). To this end, plasma samples were collected from 151 TB patients including 68 pulmonary TB (PTB), 43 endobronchial TB, and 40 tuberculosis pleurisy (TP) patients, as well as 107 no-TB cases including 26 non-TB patients and 81 BCG-vaccinated healthy controls. A liquid array-based multiplexed immunoassay was used to screen plasma samples for 20 distinct cytokines and chemokines. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze associations between cytokines/chemokines and TB/non-TB patients. Compared to our findings with the no-TB donors, the median plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines TNF-α, IL-6, IP-10, IFN-γ, and MIP-1β were significantly elevated in TB patients, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for diagnosing TB patients. Further comparisons with healthy donors showed that only the median TNF-α plasma level was highly produced in the plasma of all 3 types of TB patients. Plasma IL-6 production was higher only in TP patients, while the plasma levels of IP-10, IFN-γ, and MIP-1β were markedly enhanced in both PTB and TP patients. Unexpectedly, among the above cytokines/chemokines, MIP-1β was also highly expressed in non-TB patients, compared with healthy donors. Our results suggested that TNF-α may be an ideal biomarker for diagnosing the 3 forms of TB presentation, while the other factors (IL-6, IP-10, MCP-1, and IFN-γ) can potentially facilitate differential diagnosis for the 3 TB presentation types. Further characterization of immune responses associated with different types of TB diseases will provide a basis for developing novel TB diagnostics.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.|Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Xinjiang 844000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Sudong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Jianchun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Shaoxi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma