title: Dissecting the role of redox signaling in neuronal development.
abstract: The generation of abnormally high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is linked to cellular dysfunction, including neuronal toxicity and neurodegeneration. However, physiological ROS production modulates redox-sensitive roles of several molecules such as transcription factors, signaling proteins, and cytoskeletal components. Changes in the functions of redox-sensitive proteins may be important for defining key aspects of stem cell proliferation and differentiation, neuronal maturation, and neuronal plasticity. In neurons, most of the studies have been focused on the pathological implications of such modifications and only very recently their essential roles in neuronal development and plasticity has been recognized. In this review, we discuss the participation of NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and a family of protein-methionine sulfoxide oxidases, named molecule interacting with CasLs, as regulated enzymatic sources of ROS production in neurons, and describes the contribution of ROS signaling to neurogenesis and differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and neuronal plasticity. We review the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurogenesis, axon growth, and guidance and NMDA-receptor-mediated plasticity, LTP, and memory. ROS participation is presented in the context of NADPH oxidase and MICAL functions and their importance for brain functions.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bórquez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Pamela J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Urrutia
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Zundert
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Marco Tulio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0335-1482
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Billault
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: MICAL; NADPH oxidase; NMDA receptor; neural progenitor cells; neuronal differentiation; reactive oxygen species