title: The Effect of Acute and Chronic Morphine on Some Blood Biochemical Parameters in an Inflammatory Condition in Gonadectomized Male Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Opiates affect blood factors as well as pain and inflammation in a gender-dependent manner. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of morphine on serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and urea in gonadectomized and inflammation conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were divided as follows: control group, carrageenan and chronic morphine recipients, acute morphine recipients, chronic morphine recipients, carrageenan recipients, acute morphine and carrageenan recipients, gonadectomized group, gonadectomized recipients of carrageenan, gonadectomized recipients of morphine, gonadectomized recipients of chronic morphine, gonadectomized recipients of carrageenan and chronic morphine, gonadectomized recipients of acute morphine and carrageenan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results have shown that acute and chronic morphine elevates blood glucose level in the acute and chronic morphine group. Cholesterol level has shown to be increasing in the morphine and carrageenan recipient group compared with a group which merely received morphine. Triglyceride has shown to be decreasing in acute and chronic morphine recipient group compared with control group. A significant increase in serum urea was observed in acute and chronic morphine recipients compared with the carrageenan recipient group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Morphine alters the serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and urea in the normal and inflammatory conditions differently, hence, this finding should be considered in the patients who use morphine as a relief of pain, especially in an inflammatory condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohadeseh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chahkandi
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Nayerreh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Askari
authors.affiliation: Professor, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology AND Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asadikaram
keywords: Biochemical parameter; Carrageenan; Gonadectomized rat; Inflammation; Morphine