title: The impact of thermal treatment and cooling methods on municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash with an emphasis on Cl.
abstract: Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom-ash products possess qualifications to be utilized in cement production. However, the instant use of bottom ash is inhibited by a number of factors, among which the chlorine (Cl) content is always strictly restricted. In this paper, the unquenched MSWI bottom ash was used as the experimental substance, and the influences of thermal treatment and cooling methods on the content and existence of Cl in the ash residues were investigated. The characterization of the MSWI bottom-ash samples examined by utilizing X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The experimental results show that as a function of thermal treatment, the reduction rate of Cl is slight below 15.0%, which is relatively low compared with water washing process. Different cooling methods had impacts on the existing forms of Cl. It was understood that most of Cl existed in the glass phase if the bottom ash was air cooled. Contrarily in case of water-quenched bottom ash, Cl could also be accumulated in the newly-formed quench products as chloride salts or hydrate substances such as Friedel's salt.
authors.affiliation: a China National Institute of Standardization , Beijing , People's Republic of China.|b School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: c Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Amirhomayoun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saffarzadeh
authors.affiliation: c Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimaoka
authors.affiliation: d Energy & Environmental Development Department , Takuma Co., Ltd. , Hyogo , Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.affiliation: d Energy & Environmental Development Department , Takuma Co., Ltd. , Hyogo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitada
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakuta
mesh_terms: D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D011791:Quartz / Q000737:chemistry; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D060729:Coal Ash; D011791:Quartz; D002713:Chlorine; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: MSWI bottom ash; cooling process; dechlorination; microanalysis; thermal treatment