title: Temporal Trends in Hospitalization for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in the United States, 1998-2011.
abstract: Estimates of the numbers and rates of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) hospitalization are central to understanding health-care utilization and efforts to improve patient care. We comprehensively estimated the frequency, rate, and trends of ADHF hospitalization in the United States. Based on Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study surveillance adjudicating 12,450 eligible hospitalizations during 2005-2010, we developed prediction models for ADHF separately for 3 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 428 discharge diagnosis groups: 428 primary, 428 nonprimary, or 428 absent. We applied the models to data from the National Inpatient Sample (11.5 million hospitalizations of persons aged ≥55 years with eligible ICD-9-CM codes), an all-payer, 20% probability sample of US community hospitals. The average estimated number of ADHF hospitalizations per year was 1.76 million (428 primary, 0.80 million; 428 nonprimary, 0.83 million; 428 absent, 0.13 million). During 1998-2004, the rate of ADHF hospitalization increased by 2.0%/year (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8, 2.5) versus a 1.4%/year (95% CI: 0.8, 2.1) increase in code 428 primary hospitalizations (P < 0.001). In contrast, during 2005-2011, numbers of ADHF hospitalizations were stable (-0.5%/year; 95% CI: -1.4, 0.3), while the numbers of 428-primary hospitalizations decreased by -1.5%/year (95% CI: -2.2, -0.8) (P for contrast = 0.03). In conclusion, the estimated number of hospitalizations with ADHF is approximately 2 times higher than the number of hospitalizations with ICD-9-CM code 428 in the primary position. The trend increased more steeply prior to 2005 and was relatively flat after 2005.
authors.forename: Sunil K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wruck
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quibrera
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Laura R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Loehr
authors.forename: Patricia P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wayne D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rosamond
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heiss
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coresh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D008922:Mississippi / Q000453:epidemiology; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012111:Residence Characteristics
keywords: International Classification of Diseases codes; United States; acute decompensated heart failure; adjudicated heart failure; community surveillance; hospitalizations; national inpatient sample; secular trends