title: Mustard plant ash: a source of micronutrient and an adsorbent for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
abstract: The work highlights the utilization of an agricultural waste mustard plant ash (MPA) as a soil additive and an adsorbent. MPA was characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), proximate analysis, CHNS analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRF analysis confirmed the presence of CaO (31.35 %), K2O (18.55 %), and P2O5(6.99 %), all of which act as micronutrients to plants. EDX also confirms high amount of elemental O, Ca, K, and P. The adsorptive ability of MPA was investigated using a commonly used herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), as a representative chemical. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of different operational parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial 2,4-D concentration, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption process. Data from experiments were fitted to various kinetic and isothermal models. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to show the best fit (R2> 0.99), with the highest k2value of the order 105. Based on the study results, dosage of MPA/hectare for different crops has been recommended for effective removal of 2,4-D. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which MPA has been characterized in detail and investigated for dual applications (as an adsorbent and as a soil additive).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, VNIT, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur, 440 010, India.
authors.forename: Nikhilesh S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, VNIT, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur, 440 010, India. sam@che.vnit.ac.in.
authors.forename: Sachin A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mandavgane
authors.affiliation: CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411 008, India.
authors.forename: Bhaskar D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000327:Adsorption; D005308:Fertilizers; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000032:analysis*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D018977:Micronutrients; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014131:Trace Elements; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
keywords: Adsorption; Biomass ash; Micronutrient; Mustard plant ash; Pesticide; Soil additive