title: Complementary Microorganisms in Highly Corrosive Biofilms from an Offshore Oil Production Facility.
abstract: Offshore oil production facilities are frequently victims of internal piping corrosion, potentially leading to human and environmental risks and significant economic losses. Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) is believed to be an important factor in this major problem for the petroleum industry. However, knowledge of the microbial communities and metabolic processes leading to corrosion is still limited. Therefore, the microbial communities from three anaerobic biofilms recovered from the inside of a steel pipe exhibiting high corrosion rates, iron oxide deposits, and substantial amounts of sulfur, which are characteristic of MIC, were analyzed in detail. Bacterial and archaeal community structures were investigated by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, multigenic (16S rRNA and functional genes) high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and quantitative PCR analysis. The microbial community analysis indicated that bacteria, particularly Desulfovibrio species, dominated the biofilm microbial communities. However, other bacteria, such as Pelobacter, Pseudomonas, and Geotoga, as well as various methanogenic archaea, previously detected in oil facilities were also detected. The microbial taxa and functional genes identified suggested that the biofilm communities harbored the potential for a number of different but complementary metabolic processes and that MIC in oil facilities likely involves a range of microbial metabolisms such as sulfate, iron, and elemental sulfur reduction. Furthermore, extreme corrosion leading to leakage and exposure of the biofilms to the external environment modify the microbial community structure by promoting the growth of aerobic hydrocarbon-degrading organisms.
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom avignero@gmail.com.|Shell International Exploration and Production, Inc., Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Adrien
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-8369
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vigneron
authors.affiliation: Shell International Exploration and Production, Inc., Houston, Texas, USA.|DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA.
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Alsop
authors.affiliation: Shell Global Solutions (US), Inc., Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: Shell Global Solutions International B.V., Rijswijk, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bartholomeus P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Lomans
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Head
authors.affiliation: Shell International Exploration and Production, Inc., Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsesmetzis
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018441:Biofilms; D058448:Biota; D003343:Corrosion; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D008954:Models, Biological; D061329:Oil and Gas Fields; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S