title: Genomic diversity of large-plaque-forming podoviruses infecting the phytopathogen Ralstonia solanacearum.
abstract: The genome organization, gene structure, and host range of five podoviruses that infect Ralstonia solanacearum, the causative agent of bacterial wilt disease were characterized. The phages fell into two distinctive groups based on the genome position of the RNA polymerase gene (i.e., T7-type and ϕKMV-type). One-step growth experiments revealed that ϕRSB2 (a T7-like phage) lysed host cells more efficiently with a shorter infection cycle (ca. 60 min corresponding to half the doubling time of the host) than ϕKMV-like phages such as ϕRSB1 (with an infection cycle of ca. 180 min). Co-infection experiments with ϕRSB1 and ϕRSB2 showed that ϕRSB2 always predominated in the phage progeny independent of host strains. Most phages had wide host-ranges and the phage particles usually did not attach to the resistant strains; when occasionally some did, the phage genome was injected into the resistant strain's cytoplasm, as revealed by fluorescence microscopy with SYBR Gold-labeled phage particles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; Study Program of Biology Education, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Erlia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Narulita
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Minaho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsunami
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujie
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
authors.forename: Anjana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhunchoth
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
authors.forename: Namthip
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Phironrit
authors.affiliation: National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
authors.forename: Orawan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chatchawankanphanich
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan. Electronic address: tayamad@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D060085:Coinfection; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D058507:Host Specificity; D008242:Lysogeny / Q000235:genetics; D058889:Molecular Typing; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D017902:Podoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D043368:Ralstonia solanacearum / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
keywords: Genomic analysis; Host range; Ralstonia solanacearum; T7-like phages; ϕKMV-like phages