title: Inferring Stop-Locations from WiFi.
abstract: Human mobility patterns are inherently complex. In terms of understanding these patterns, the process of converting raw data into series of stop-locations and transitions is an important first step which greatly reduces the volume of data, thus simplifying the subsequent analyses. Previous research into the mobility of individuals has focused on inferring 'stop locations' (places of stationarity) from GPS or CDR data, or on detection of state (static/active). In this paper we bridge the gap between the two approaches: we introduce methods for detecting both mobility state and stop-locations. In addition, our methods are based exclusively on WiFi data. We study two months of WiFi data collected every two minutes by a smartphone, and infer stop-locations in the form of labelled time-intervals. For this purpose, we investigate two algorithms, both of which scale to large datasets: a greedy approach to select the most important routers and one which uses a density-based clustering algorithm to detect router fingerprints. We validate our results using participants' GPS data as well as ground truth data collected during a two month period.
authors.affiliation: DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: David Kofoed
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Wind
authors.affiliation: DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sapiezynski
authors.affiliation: DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Magdalena Anna
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Furman
authors.affiliation: DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sune
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D059015:Wireless Technology