title: [Diagnostic utility of S100A1, GLUT-1 and Caveolin-1 in renal tumors with oncocytic features: a comparative study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the immunohistochemical expression of S100A1, GLUT-1 and Cavolin-1 and its diagnostic significance in renal tumors with oncocytic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue microarray and immunohistochemical staining for S100A1, GLUT-1 and Cavolin-1 were carried out in 59 cases of renal tumors with oncocytic features, including 19 cases of renal oncocytoma, 15 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) with eosinophilic cells, 11 cases of eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, 7 cases of oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma and 7 cases of epithelioid angiomyolipoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S100A1 was expressed in renal oncocytoma, with a positive propotion of 16/19 (including 14 cases showing widespread and strong positivity). On the other hand, the rate of expression of S100A1 was 2/11 in eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, 10/15 in CCRCC with eosinophilic cells, 3/7 in oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma and 6/7 in epithelioid angiomyolipoma (P>0.05). The difference of S100A1 expression between renal oncocytoma and eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma was statistically significant. GLUT-1 was located in cell membrane, with a positive rate of 13/15 in CCRCC with eosinophilic cells, 7/19 in renal oncocytoma, 4/7 (weak) in oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma, 1/11 in eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 0/7 in epithelioid angiomyolipoma. The rate of expression of Cav-1 was 6/15 in CCRCC with eosinophilic cells, 2/7 in oncocytic papillary renal cell carcinoma, 5/7 in epithelioid angiomyolipoma, 2/11 (weak) in eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 0/19 in renal oncocytoma. S100A1 showed high sensitivity and 50% specificity in the diagnosis of renal oncocytoma. GLUT-1 and Cav-1 showed high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of CCRCC and epithelioid angiomyolipoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S100A1 is widely expressed in various oncocytic renal neoplasms and helpful in differential diagnosis of renal oncocytoma from eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, but not from other 3 oncocytic renal tumors. Overexpression of GLUT-1 can be used in distinction between CCRCC and renal oncocytoma. Cav-1 is widely expressed in CCRCC and epithelioid angiomyolipoma but not in renal oncocytoma. Cav-1 expression thus rules out renal oncocytoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, 401 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kejia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Yanxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: E-mail: liyujun.66@163.com; Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Yujun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D018249:Adenoma, Oxyphilic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D018207:Angiomyolipoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495540:CAV1 protein, human; D051242:Caveolin 1; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D009418:S100 Proteins; C110294:S100A1 protein; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human