title: Drosophila Brat and Human Ortholog TRIM3 Maintain Stem Cell Equilibrium and Suppress Brain Tumorigenesis by Attenuating Notch Nuclear Transport.
abstract: Cancer stem cells exert enormous influence on neoplastic behavior, in part by governing asymmetric cell division and the balance between self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. Growth is favored by deregulated stem cell division, which enhances the self-renewing population and diminishes the differentiation program. Mutation of a single gene in Drosophila, Brain Tumor (Brat), leads to disrupted asymmetric cell division resulting in dramatic neoplastic proliferation of neuroblasts and massive larval brain overgrowth. To uncover the mechanisms relevant to deregulated cell division in human glioma stem cells, we first developed a novel adult Drosophila brain tumor model using brat-RNAi driven by the neuroblast-specific promoter inscuteable Suppressing Brat in this population led to the accumulation of actively proliferating neuroblasts and a lethal brain tumor phenotype. brat-RNAi caused upregulation of Notch signaling, a node critical for self-renewal, by increasing protein expression and enhancing nuclear transport of Notch intracellular domain (NICD). In human glioblastoma, we demonstrated that the human ortholog of Drosophila Brat, tripartite motif-containing protein 3 (TRIM3), similarly suppressed NOTCH1 signaling and markedly attenuated the stem cell component. We also found that TRIM3 suppressed nuclear transport of active NOTCH1 (NICD) in glioblastoma and demonstrated that these effects are mediated by direct binding of TRIM3 to the Importin complex. Together, our results support a novel role for Brat/TRIM3 in maintaining stem cell equilibrium and suppressing tumor growth by regulating NICD nuclear transport. Cancer Res; 76(8); 2443-52. ©2016 AACR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Subhas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tucker-Burden
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Changming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Read
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Costas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hadjipanayis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. dbrat@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D021381:Protein Transport; D034622:RNA Interference; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D051880:Receptors, Notch; C426543:TRIM3 protein, human; C412783:brat protein, Drosophila