title: Maternal Snoring May Predict Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Cohort Study in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence of snoring during pregnancy and its effects on key pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women were consecutively recruited in their first trimester. Habitual snoring was screened by using a questionnaire in the 1st and 3rd trimester, respectively. According to the time of snoring, participants were divided into pregnancy onset snorers, chronic snorers and non-snorers. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the associations between snoring and pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 3 079 pregnant women, 16.6% were habitual snorers, with 11.7% were pregnancy onset snorers and 4.9% were chronic snorers. After adjusting for potential confounders, chronic snorers were independently associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (RR 1.66, 95%CI 1.09-2.53). Both pregnancy onset and chronic snorers were independently associated with placental adhesion (RR 1.96, 95%CI 1.17-3.27, and RR 2.33, 95%CI 1.22-4.46, respectively). Pregnancy onset snorers were at higher risk of caesarean delivery (RR 1.37, 95%CI 1.09-1.73) and having macrosomia (RR 1.54, 95%CI 1.05-2.27) and large for gestational age (LGA) (RR 1.71, 95%CI 1.31-2.24) infants. In addition, being overweight or obese before pregnancy plays an important role in mediating snoring and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal snoring may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and being overweight or obese before pregnancy with snoring is remarkable for researchers. Further studies are still needed to confirm our results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Fangbiao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Leijing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Sanhuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Jiahu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.|Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Erigene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rutayisire
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012913:Snoring / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult