title: Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Desert Soil: Effect of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation and Bioavailability in Biopile Treatment Systems.
abstract: This work was aimed at evaluating the relative merits of bioaugmentation, biostimulation and surfactant-enhanced bioavailability of a desert soil contaminated by crude oil through biopile treatment. The results show that the desert soil required bioaugmentation and biostimulation for bioremediation of crude oil. The bioaugmented biopile system led to a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) reduction of 77% over 156 days while the system with polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) gave a 56% decrease in TPH. The biostimulated system with indigenous micro-organisms gave 23% reduction in TPH. The control system gave 4% TPH reduction. The addition of Tween 80 led to a respiration rate that peaked in 48 days compared to 88 days for the bioaugmented system and respiration declined rapidly due to nitrogen depletion. The residual hydrocarbon in the biopile systems studied contained polyaromatics (PAH) in quantities that may be considered as hazardous. Nitrogen was found to be a limiting nutrient in desert soil bioremediation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar. farid.benyahia@qu.edu.qa.
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benyahia
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates. ahmad.embaby@gmail.com.|Worley-Parsons Environment, Kuwait City 9912, Kuwait. ahmad.embaby@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmed Shams
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Embaby
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001682:Biological Availability; D003889:Desert Climate; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014479:United Arab Emirates
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: bioaccessibility; bioaugmentation; bioavailability; biostimulation; desert soil bioremediation