title: Visual Speech Perception in Children With Language Learning Impairments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to assess the ability of children with developmental language learning impairments (LLIs) to use visual speech cues from the talking face.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 41 typically developing children (mean age: 8 years 0 months, range: 4 years 5 months to 11 years 10 months) and 27 children with diagnosed LLI (mean age: 8 years 10 months, range: 5 years 2 months to 11 years 6 months) completed a silent speechreading task and a speech-in-noise task with and without visual support from the talking face. The speech-in-noise task involved the identification of a target word in a carrier sentence with a single competing speaker as a masker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in the LLI group showed a deficit in speechreading when compared with their typically developing peers. Beyond the single-word level, this deficit became more apparent in older children. On the speech-in-noise task, a substantial benefit of visual cues was found regardless of age or group membership, although the LLI group showed an overall developmental delay in speech perception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although children with LLI were less accurate than their peers on the speechreading and speech-in noise-tasks, both groups were able to make equivalent use of visual cues to boost performance accuracy when listening in noise.
authors.forename: Victoria C P
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Knowland
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Snell
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D007807:Language Tests; D007808:Language Therapy; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D013067:Speech Perception; D014796:Visual Perception