title: Pulse waveform analysis in the optic nerve head circulation reflects systemic vascular resistance obtained via a Swan-Ganz catheter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a pulse waveform analysis in the optic nerve head (ONH) circulation as determined by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) can provide systemic hemodynamic values - the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in particular - similar to those obtained by using a Swan-Ganz catheter, which is an invasive method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen consecutive subjects were examined. Hemodynamic monitoring was obtained from right heart catheterization with a Swan-Ganz catheter and coronary angiography without an intracoronary nitroglycerin administration. Direct blood pressure was measured with a trans-radial approach. Single regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the blowout score and blowout time, which are the items of the pulse waveform analysis in the ONH, by using LSFG and the hemodynamic parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The blowout time was significantly and negatively correlated with the SVR (r = -0.52, p = 0.04), the ocular perfusion pressure with the mean arterial blood pressure of the radial artery (r = -0.52, p = 0.04) and the radial artery pulse pressure (r = -0.52, p = 0.04).The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r  = -0.44, p = 0.09) and the mean arterial blood pressure of the radial artery (r  = -0.44, p = 0.09) tended to be correlated with the blowout time, but did not reach significance. The blowout score was significantly and negatively correlated with the radial artery blood pressure (r = -0.51, p = 0.046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A pulse waveform analysis in the ONH by LSFG may be one of the useful methods for understanding the SVR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan. tomoaki-s@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiba
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Center, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002407:Catheterization, Swan-Ganz; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply*; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Laser speckle flowgraphy; Ocular circulation; Pulse waveform analysis; Swan–Ganz catheter; Systemic vascular resistance