title: Clinical and biological significance of HAX-1 overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is an important marker in many types of cancers and contributes to cancer progression and metastasis. We examined the expression of HAX-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and experimentally manipulated its expression. We observed that HAX-1 expression is elevated in NPC and is correlated with lymph node metastasis, M classification, clinical stage, and poor prognosis. In addition, overexpression of HAX-1 promoted NPC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Exosomes are potential carriers of pro-tumorigenic factors that participate in oncogenesis. We found that NPC-derived exosomes are enriched in HAX-1 and accelerate NPC tumor growth and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that oncogenic HAX-1 facilitates the growth of NPC when it is transferred via exosomes to recipient human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Oncogenic HAX-1 also increases the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic activity of HUVECs. Our findings provide unique insight into the pathogenesis of NPC and underscore the need to explore novel therapeutic targets such as HAX-1 to improve NPC treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogen and Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Haosheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Si
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D064593:Heterografts; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C104759:HAX1 protein, human
keywords: HAX-1; angiogenesis; exosomes; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; prognosis