title: The effect of depression and health-related quality of life on the outcome of hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In hemodialysis (HD) patients, traditional risk factors cannot explain all of the mortality and morbidity. This study was designed to investigate the effect of depression and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) on prognosis in maintenance HD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In February 2008, the Beck's Depression Inventory and the Kidney Dialysis Quality of Life-Short Form were utilized to measure depression and HRQOL. Until February 2011, the mortality, cardiovascular events, infection, and hospitalization were investigated, retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 166 patients, the 3-year cumulative survival rate was 88.8%, and the depression did not affect survival (depression vs. nondepression: 91.8% vs. 87.2%, P=0.437). The upper tertiles in physical component summary (PCS) were correlated with lower mortality (OR, 0.12; P=0.05) and fewer cardiovascular events (OR, 0.09; P=0.024) than the lower tertiles. The upper tertiles in kidney disease component summary (KDCS) were associated with less hospitalization than the lower tertiles (OR, 0.38; P=0.024). After adjusting for multiple variables including age, comorbidity index, and albumin, upper tertiles in PCS were correlated with fewer cardiovascular events than the lower tertiles (OR, 0.08; P=0.038).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cross-sectional survey of whether HD patients had depression was not significantly associated with mortality and morbidity. HRQOL was correlated with mortality, cardiovascular events and hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hayne Cho
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Pyo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kook-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwon Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yon Su
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chun Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Curie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Suhnggwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Kyu
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Oh
keywords: Depression; Hemodialysis; Outcome; Quality of life