title: Increased level of reactive oxygen species persuades postovulatory aging-mediated spontaneous egg activation in rat eggs cultured in vitro.
abstract: The present study was aimed to find out whether increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) particularity hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could persuade postovulatory aging-mediated abortive spontaneous egg activation (SEA) in rat eggs cultured in vitro. For this purpose, ROS and H2O2 levels, mitochondria distribution and its membrane potential, p286-CaMK-II, Emi2, Thr-161 phophorylated cyclin-dependent protein kinase1 (Cdk1) as well as cyclin B1 levels, in vitro effects of 3-tert-butyl-4 hydroxy anisole (BHA), pentoxifylline and dibutyryl-adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (db-cAMP) were analyzed during postovulatory aging-induced abortive SEA in vitro. Data of the present study suggest that postovulatory aging increased H2O2 levels, disturbed mitochondrial distribution pattern and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in eggs. There was an significant increase of p286-CaMK-II level, while Emi2 level reduced significantly during egg aging in vitro. The reduced Emi2 level was associated with decreased Thr-161 phosphorylated cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (Cdk1) as well as cyclin B1 level in aged eggs that underwent abortive SEA. Further, supplementation of pentoxifylline, db-cAMP, and BHA protected postovulatory aging-mediated abortive SEA in concentration-dependent manner. These data suggest that postovulatory aging increased H2O2 levels, reduced MMP, and increased p286-CaMK-II. The increased p286-CaMK-II was associated with reduced Emi2 level and maturation-promoting factor levels during postovulatory aging-mediated abortive SEA. Drugs that elevate cAMP directly or indirectly and BHA protected postovulatory aging-mediated abortive SEA possibly by reducing ROS level in rat eggs cultured in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
authors.forename: Karuppanan V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Premkumar
authors.affiliation: Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India. shailchaubey@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shail K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chaube
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000494:pharmacology; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D056744:Cyclin B1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D044783:F-Box Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D008183:Luteal Phase; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D056744:Cyclin B1; C546111:Emi2 protein, rat; D044783:F-Box Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; D003994:Bucladesine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; C548796:Cdk1 protein, rat; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D010431:Pentoxifylline
keywords: Abortive SEA; Egg aging; Mitochondria membrane potential; ROS; Rat