title: Translational Assessment of Reward and Motivational Deficits in Psychiatric Disorders.
abstract: Deficits in reward and motivation are common symptoms characterizing several psychiatric and neurological disorders. Such deficits may include anhedonia, defined as loss of pleasure, as well as impairments in anticipatory pleasure, reward valuation, motivation/effort, and reward learning. This chapter describes recent advances in the development of behavioral tasks used to assess different aspects of reward processing in both humans and non-human animals. While earlier tasks were generally developed independently with limited cross-species correspondence, a newer generation of translational tasks has emerged that are theoretically and procedurally analogous across species and allow parallel testing, data analyses, and interpretation between human and rodent behaviors. Such enhanced conformity between cross-species tasks will facilitate investigation of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying discrete reward and motivated behaviors and is expected to improve our understanding and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by reward and motivation deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Health Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Der-Avakian
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Health Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Health Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. amarkou@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Markou
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA. dap@mclean.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pizzagalli
mesh_terms: D059445:Anhedonia / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D012201:Reward; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
keywords: Affective bias; Anhedonia; Anticipation; Depression; Dopamine; Effort; Motivation; Stress