title: Transcriptome Profile of the Asian Giant Hornet (Vespa mandarinia) Using Illumina HiSeq 4000 Sequencing: De Novo Assembly, Functional Annotation, and Discovery of SSR Markers.
abstract: Vespa mandarinia found in the forests of East Asia, including Korea, occupies the highest rank in the arthropod food web within its geographical range. It serves as a source of nutrition in the form of Vespa amino acid mixture and is listed as a threatened species, although no conservation measures have been implemented. Here, we performed de novo assembly of the V. mandarinia transcriptome by Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing. Over 60 million raw reads and 59,184,811 clean reads were obtained. After assembly, a total of 66,837 unigenes were clustered, 40,887, 44,455, and 22,390 of which showed homologous matches against the PANM, Unigene, and KOG databases, respectively. A total of 15,675 unigenes were assigned to Gene Ontology terms, and 5,132 unigenes were mapped to 115 KEGG pathways. The zinc finger domain (C2H2-like), serine/threonine/dual specificity protein kinase domain, and RNA recognition motif domain were among the top InterProScan domains predicted for V. mandarinia sequences. Among the unigenes, we identified 534,922 cDNA simple sequence repeats as potential markers. This is the first transcriptomic analysis of the wasp V. mandarinia using Illumina HiSeq 4000. The obtained datasets should promote the search for new genes to understand the physiological attributes of this wasp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea; Trident School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
authors.forename: Bharat Bhusan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1383-6758
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Patnaik
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Hun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Bi
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Kwon
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Changmu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Biological Resources, 42 Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soonok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Korea Zoonosis Research Institute (KOZRI), Chonbuk National Institute, 820-120 Hana-ro, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54528, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Bong
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Hampyeong County Insect Institute, Hampyeong County Agricultural Technology Center, 90 Hakgyohwasan-gil, Hakgyo-myeon, Jeollanam-do 57158, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heon Cheon
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., Ltd., 621-6 Banseok-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34069, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Seog
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee