title: High-resolution ultrasound biomicroscopy as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for anterior scleral inflammatory disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study high-resolution ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings in anterior scleral inflammatory disease and evaluate the efficacy of high-resolution UBM as an adjunctive diagnostic tool.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study. The medical records of 30 patients (33 eyes) with episcleritis or anterior scleritis were reviewed for clinical features and high-resolution UBM findings. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) examination was performed using 50 MHz Aviso S (Quantel Medical, Clermont-Ferrand, France).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen eyes had episcleritis [nodular (12), simple (five)], and 16 eyes had anterior scleritis [nodular (14), diffuse (two)] as classified by UBM. The use of high-resolution UBM allowed high-resolution imaging of the sclera and episclera and showed characteristic patterns of episcleritis and anterior scleritis. The clinical classification matched UBM findings in 25 (76%) eyes. In the other eight eyes (24%), UBM analysis led to a change in the final classification: four eyes with suspected episcleritis were classified with scleritis, and four eyes with suspected scleritis were classified with episcleritis. Eleven patients (36.7%) had an associated systemic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-resolution UBM enabled visualization of distinct imaging findings of episcleritis and anterior scleritis, indicating its usefulness in the classification of challenging cases of anterior scleral inflammatory disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Dinah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zur
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Meira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neudorfer
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Shiri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shulman
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosenblatt
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Zohar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Habot-Wilner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D008875:Middle Aged; D015423:Scleritis / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: anterior scleral inflammatory disease; anterior scleritis; episcleritis; high-resolution ultrasound biomicroscopy