title: Orthodontic treatment mediates dental pulp microenvironment via IL17A.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Orthodontic treatment induces dental tissue remodeling; however, dental pulp stem cell (DPSC)-mediated pulp micro-environmental alteration is still largely uncharacterized. In the present study, we identified elevated interleukin-17A (IL17A) in the dental pulp, which induced the osteogenesis of DPSCs after orthodontic force loading.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tooth movement animal models were established in Sprague-Dawley rats, and samples were harvested at 1, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days after orthodontic treatment loading. DPSC self-renewal and differentiation at different time points were examined, as well as the alteration of the microenvironment of dental pulp tissue by histological analysis and the systemic serum IL17A expression level by an ELISA assay. In vitro recombinant IL17A treatment was used to confirm the effect of IL17A on the enhancement of DPSC self-renewal and differentiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Orthodontic treatment altered the dental pulp microenvironment by activation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL17A in vivo. Orthodontic loading significantly promoted the self-renewal and differentiation of DPSCs. Inflammation and elevated IL17A secretion occurred in the dental pulp during orthodontic tooth movement. Moreover, in vitro recombinant IL17A treatment mimicked the enhancement of the self-renewal and differentiation of DPSCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthodontic treatment enhanced the differentiation and self-renewal of DPSCs, mediated by orthodontic-induced inflammation and subsequent elevation of IL17A level in the dental pulp microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital and School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital and School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yueling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital and School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Chunmiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital and School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital and School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yating
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital and School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Electronic address: wangjunv@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000166:cytology; D023421:Models, Animal; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000379:methods*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17
keywords: Dental pulp microenvironment; Dental pulp stem cells; Interleukin 17A; Orthodontic tooth movement