title: Gamma scintigraphy and biodistribution of (99m)Tc-cefotaxime sodium in preclinical models of bacterial infection and sterile inflammation.
abstract: (99m)Tc-cefotaxime sodium ((99m)Tc-CEF) was developed and standardized under varying conditions of reducing and antioxidant agent concentration, pH, radioactivity dose, and reducing agent type. Labeling studies were performed by changing the selected parameters one by one, and optimum labeling conditions were determined. After observing the conditions for maximum labeling efficiency and stability, lyophilized freeze dry kits were prepared accordingly. Simple method for radiolabeling of CEF with (99m)Tc has been developed and standardized. Labeling efficiency of (99m)Tc-CEF was assessed by both radio thin-layer chromatography and radio high-performance liquid chromatography and found higher than 90%. The labeled compound was found to be stable in saline and human serum up to 24 h. Two different freeze dry kits were developed and evaluated. Based on the data obtained from this study, both products were stable for 6 months with high labeling efficiency. The prepared cold kit was found sterile and pyrogen free. The bacterial infection and sterile inflammation imaging capacity of (99m)Tc-CEF was evaluated. Based on the in vivo studies, (99m)Tc-CEF has higher uptake in infected and inflamed thigh muscle than healthy thigh muscle.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ilem-Ozdemir
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Makbule
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asikoglu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hayal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkilic
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosgor-Limoncu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Semin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ayhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044967:Serum / Q000187:drug effects; D013667:Technetium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013667:Technetium; D002439:Cefotaxime
keywords: 99m-technetium; cefotaxime sodium; infection imaging; inflammation imaging; radiolabeled antibiotic; radiolabeling