title: An exploration of familial associations of two movement pattern-derived subgroups of chronic disabling low back pain; a cross-sectional cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Altered movement patterns with pain have been demonstrated in children, adolescents and adults with chronic disabling low back pain (CDLBP). A previously developed classification system has identified different subgroups including active extension and multidirectional patterns in patients with CDLBP. While familial associations have been identified for certain spinal postures in standing, it is unknown whether a familial relationship might exist between movement pattern-derived subgroups in families with CDLBP.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study explored whether familial associations in movement pattern-derived subgroups within and between members of families with CDLBP existed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  33 parents and 28 children with CDLBP were classified into two subgroups based on clinical analysis of video footage of postures and functional movements, combined with aggravating factors obtained from Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. Prevalence of subgroups within family members was determined, associations between parent and child's subgroup membership was evaluated using Fisher's exact test, and spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the strength of association between familial dyads.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of parents were classified as active extenders, sons predominately multidirectional and daughters were evenly distributed between the two subgroups. No significant association was found when comparing subgroups in nine parent-child relationships.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The exploration of a small cohort of family dyads in this study demonstrated that children's movement pattern-derived subgroups could not be explained by their parents' subgroup membership. These results cannot be generalised to the CLBP population due to this study's small sample. Larger sample studies are needed to further elucidate this issue.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. Electronic address: JP.Caneiro@postgrad.curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Joao Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Caneiro
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. Electronic address: sagicel@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Labie
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. Electronic address: esulley@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sulley
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia; Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: A.Briggs@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. Electronic address: L.Straker@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Leon M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Straker
authors.affiliation: ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, PO Box 29222, Doha, Qatar; School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: Angus.Burnett@aspetar.com.
authors.forename: Angus F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. Electronic address: P.Osullivan@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D014904:Western Australia; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Classification; Familial; Low back pain; Movement patterns; Posture