title: Public injury prevention system in the Italian manufacturing sector: What types of inspection are more effective?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Literature suggests that more research is needed to clarify the effect of workplace inspections by governmental officers on injury rates. This paper aims to compare comprehensive and partial inspections in Italian manufacturing companies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survival analysis was applied to the period free from injuries following inspection by means of the Kaplan-Meier method and of Cox models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kaplan-Meier curves show that, compared to companies with a partial inspection, companies which had a comprehensive inspection had a higher survival through the entire period. Adjusting for confounders, the Cox model confirms a significant preventive effect of comprehensive inspection for companies with 10-30 employees, but not for those with >30 employees.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the effect on injuries is greater if all aspects of safety are addressed during the inspection instead of focusing on a single aspect. These findings are interesting because they can help in planning effective prevention activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bena
authors.affiliation: Epidemiological Department, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fedeli
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mastrangelo
authors.affiliation: SPISAL, Department of Prevention, AULSS 16, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veronese
authors.affiliation: SPISAL, Department of Prevention, ULSS 9, Treviso, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agnesi
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D066192:Manufacturing Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods*
keywords: effectiveness evaluation; injury prevention; manufacturing; occupational injuries; survival analysis; workplace inspection