title: Mixed hemimicelles solid-phase extraction based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-coated nano-magnets for selective adsorption and enrichment of illegal cationic dyes in food matrices prior to high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection detection.
abstract: In this study, mixed hemimicelles solid-phase extraction (MHSPE) based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) coated nano-magnets Fe3O4 was investigated as a novel method for the extraction and separation of four banned cationic dyes, Auramine O, Rhodamine B, Basic orange 21 and Basic orange 22, in condiments prior to HPLC detection. The main factors affecting the extraction of analysts, such as pH, surfactant and adsorbent concentrations and zeta potential were studied and optimized. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method was successful applied for the analysis of banned cationic dyes in food samples such as chili sauce, soybean paste and tomato sauce. Validation data showed the good recoveries in the range of 70.1-104.5%, with relative standard deviations less than 15%. The method limits of determination/quantification were in the range of 0.2-0.9 and 0.7-3μgkg(-1), respectively. The selective adsorption and enrichment of cationic dyes were achieved by the synergistic effects of hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic attraction between mixed hemimicelles and the cationic dyes, which also resulted in the removal of natural pigments interferences from sample extracts. When applied to real samples, RB was detected in several positive samples (chili powders) within the range from 0.042 to 0.177mgkg(-1). These results indicate that magnetic MHSPE is an efficient and selective sample preparation technique for the extraction of banned cationic dyes in a complex matrix.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-An
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Qiong
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Li-Ni
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Guang Zhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Hao
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: ceszhuf@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: snow_dance@sina.com.
authors.forename: Xue-Wu
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D059346:Magnets; D008823:Micelles; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D004396:Coloring Agents; D008823:Micelles; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
keywords: Food safety; HPLC; Illegal cationic dyes; Magnet MHSPE