title: Volatile Oil of Acori Graminei Rhizoma-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy are dependent on p53 Status in Human Glioma Cells.
abstract: Acori Graminei Rhizoma is well known for the beneficial effects on CNS disorders in traditional medicine. Though it is frequently prescribed in formulations for brain tumors, the anti-glioma effect has not been examined. We used volatile oil of Acori Graminei Rhizoma (VOA) and human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells in this study. We found that VOA exhibited greater growth suppression in p53 wild-type cells than p53 mutant cells and very low effect on fibroblasts and human glial HEB cells. Apoptosis was triggered by VOA with a caspase-dependent way in p53 wild-type A172 cells, while a caspase-independent way in p53 mutant U251 cells. Meanwhile, both A172 and U251 cells treated by VOA displayed autophagic features. Furthermore, p53 decrease was observed along with VOA-induced apoptosis and autophagy in A172 cells. VOA-induced autophagy was mediated through a p53/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in A172 cells, while an mTOR-independent signaling pathway in U251 cells. Finally, blockage of autophagy potentiated the proapoptotic effect in both A172 and U251 cells, indicating a protective role of autophagy in VOA-induced cell death. Together, VOA exhibited anti-tumor activity in human GBM cells and induced apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy, which is cell type specific and dependent on p53 status.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Zhuyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Hongdan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.|College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
authors.forename: Hongyi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C510227:Acori graminei Rhizoma; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D020169:Caspases