title: Heteroleptic Tetrapyrrole-Fused Dimeric and Trimeric Skeletons with Unusual Non-Frustrated Fluorescence.
abstract: Phthalocyanine (Pc) and porphyrin (Por) chromophores have been fused through the benzo[α]pyrazine moiety, resulting in unprecedented heteroleptic tetrapyrrole-fused dimers and trimers. The heteroleptic tetrapyrrole nature has been clearly revealed based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the zinc dimer. Electrochemical analysis, theoretical calculations, and time-resolved spectroscopic results disclose that the two/three-tetrapyrrole-fused skeletons behave as one totally π-conjugated system as a result of the strong conjugative interaction between/among the tetrapyrrole chromophores. In particular, the effectively extended π-electron system through the fused-bridge induced strong electronic communication between the Pc and Por moieties and large transition dipole moments in the Pc-Por-fused systems, providing high fluorescence quantum yields (>0.13) and relatively long excited state lifetimes (>1.3 ns) in comparison with their homo-tetrapyrrole-fused analogues.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuehong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Juwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu Hyung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea. dongho@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dongho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China. jianzhuang@ustb.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianzhuang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D004583:Electrons; D005453:Fluorescence; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D054833:Isoindoles; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D045725:Tetrapyrroles / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D011166:Porphyrins; D045725:Tetrapyrroles; D015032:Zinc; C013647:phthalocyanine
keywords: fluorescence; fused systems; oligomers; phthalocyanine; porphyrins