title: Social functioning in patients with a psychotic disorder and first rank symptoms.
abstract: There have been suggestions that a sense of self emerges through social interaction, which requires an intact capability to distinguish self from others. Here we investigated the contribution of first rank delusions and hallucinations, i.e. symptom expressions of a disturbed sense of self, to social functioning in patients with a psychotic disorder. Life-time and present-state positive symptom clusters (e.g. first rank delusions and hallucinations) and present-state negative symptoms were submitted to hierarchical multiple-regression analyses with (different domains of) social functioning as dependent variable. In addition to negative symptoms (β=-0.48), the life-time presence of first rank delusions is significantly negative associated with level of social functioning, in particular with the quality of interpersonal interactions, with a modest standardized regression coefficient (β=-0.14). We reconfirmed the well-established relationship between negative symptoms and social functioning, but the life-time presence of first rank delusions may also have an subtle ongoing effect on the quality of the interaction with others. We propose that the experience of first rank delusions may be an expression of enduring self-disturbances, leaving patients unsure on how to behave in social interactions.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: j.heering@ggzingeest.nl.
authors.forename: Henriëtte D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Heering
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Neeltje E M
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: van Haren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003702:Delusions / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012649:Self Concept
keywords: First rank symptoms; Psychosis; Self-disturbance; Social functioning