title: Low Plasma Cholinesterase Activities are Associated with Deficits in Spatial Orientation, Reduced Ability to Perform Basic Activities of Daily Living, and Low Body Mass Index in Patients with Progressed Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a central cholinergic deficit. Non-neuronal cholinergic changes are, however, described as well. Here we focused on possible changes in the activity of the plasma cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), in hospitalized AD patients. We analyzed plasma AChE and BChE activities with regards to age, gender, body mass index (BMI), cognitive functions, and ability to perform activities of daily living in AD patients in comparison to healthy subjects. We observed lower AChE activity and trend toward lower BChE activity in AD patients, which both correlated with low BMI. AD patients unable to perform basic activities of daily living (feeding, bathing, dressing, and grooming) showed reduced plasma AChE activities, while worse spatial orientation was linked to lower BChE activities. Three out of four AD patients with the lowest BChE activities died within one year. In conclusion, progressed AD was accompanied by lower plasma AChE activity and trend toward lower BChE activity, which correlated with BMI and deficits in different components of the AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Dominika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dingova
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fazekas
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Okuliarova
authors.affiliation: Kardio-Sanus Ltd., Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Jaroslava
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strbova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Matej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kucera
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.|Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hrabovska
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood*; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072458:Orientation, Spatial / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase
keywords: Activities of daily living; Alzheimer’s disease; body mass index; cholinesterases; cognition; spatial orientation