title: Principles and applications of Ligation Mediated PCR methods for DNA-based typing of microbial organisms.
abstract: A significant number of DNA-based techniques has been introduced into the field of microorganisms' characterization and taxonomy. These genomic fingerprinting methods were developed to detect DNA sequence polymorphisms by using general principles, such as restriction endonuclease analysis, molecular hybridization, and PCR amplification. In recent years, some alternative techniques based on ligation of oligonucleotide adapters before DNA amplification by PCR, known as Ligation-Mediated PCR methods (LM PCR), have been successfully applied for the typing of microorganisms below the species level. These molecular methods include: Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Amplification of DNA fragments Surrounding Rare Restriction Sites (ADSRRS), PCR Melting Profiles (PCR MP), Ligation Mediated PCR/Shifter (LM PCR/Shifter), Infrequent-Restriction-Site Amplification (IRS PCR), double digestion Ligation Mediated Suppression PCR (ddLMS PCR). These techniques are now applied more and more often because they involve less time, are comparably inexpensive, and require only standard lab equipment. Here, we present a general review of this group of methods showing their possibilities and limitations. We also identify questions and propose solutions which may be helpful in choosing a particular LM PCR method for the achievement of the required goal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krawczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Józef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kur
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stojowska-Swędrzyńska
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Śpibida
mesh_terms: D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA