title: Effects of adding bulking agent, inorganic nutrient and microbial inocula on biopile treatment for oil-field drilling waste.
abstract: Contamination from oil-field drilling waste is a worldwide environmental problem. This study investigated the performance of four bench-scale biopiles in treating drilling waste: 1) direct biopile (DW), 2) biopile plus oil-degrading microbial consortium (DW + M), 3) biopile plus microbial consortium and bulking agents (saw dust) (DW + M + BA), 4) biopile plus microbial consortium, bulking agents, and inorganic nutrients (Urea and K2HPO4) (DW + M + BA + N). Ninety days of biopiling removed 41.0%, 44.0%, 55.7% and 87.4% of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the pile "DW", "DW + M", "DW + M + BA", and "DW + M + BA + N" respectively. Addition of inorganic nutrient and bulking agents resulted in a 56.9% and 26.6% increase in TPH removal efficiency respectively. In contrast, inoculation of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms only slightly enhanced the contaminant removal (increased 7.3%). The biopile with stronger contaminant removal also had higher pile temperature and lower pile pH (e.g., in "DW + M + BA + N"). GC-MS analysis shows that biopiling significantly reduced the total number of detected contaminants and changed the chemical composition. Overall, this study shows that biopiling is an effective remediation technology for drilling waste. Adding inorganic nutrients and bulking agents can significantly improve biopile performance while addition of microbial inocula had minimal positive impacts on contaminant removal.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China; College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Yongqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Yetong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Hanmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Huijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China; College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
authors.forename: Shaohui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Lab of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China; College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China. Electronic address: yangx@cup.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guangxu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D061329:Oil and Gas Fields; D010578:Petroleum / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010578:Petroleum; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Compost; Drilling mud; Groundwater; Oily sludge; Petroleum; Soil