title: The Association Between Pain and Quality of Life for Patients With Cancer in an Outpatient Clinic, an Inpatient Oncology Ward, and Inpatient Palliative Care Units.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to clarify the association between pain and quality of life (QOL) of Japanese patients with cancer using a cancer-specific QOL scale (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] QLQ-C15-PAL) in 3 care settings (outpatient, inpatient, and palliative care units [PCUs]).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the above-mentioned purpose for the total of 404 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In outpatients, physical, emotional functioning (EF), and global health status/QOL (QL item) were significantly correlated with average pain, and their correlation coefficients were -0.37 to -0.46 (P < .0001). In inpatients, they were -0.33 (P = .006), -0.26 (P = .030), and -0.31 (P = .012). In the PCU patients, they were -0.12 (P = .316), -0.30 (P = .009), and -0.28 (P = .015).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients' pain had an association with physical and emotional QOL, and the association was smaller in the PCU patients than the others.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Research Field in Medicine and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences Area, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan fukimikan@outlook.jp.
authors.forename: Fukiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mikan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psycho-Oncology and Palliative Medicine Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan Department of Psycho-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psycho-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psycho-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Research Field in Medicine and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences Area, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Care, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matoba
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyashita
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000072716:Cancer Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: pain intensity; pain score; palliative care; patients with cancer; quality of health care; quality of life