title: Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in the United States: Uneven Uptake by Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess national differences in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among young adults in the United States by gender, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested group differences in initiation and completion of the HPV vaccine series (i.e., 3 doses) by Rao-Scott χ(2) test among 6444 respondents aged 18 to 30 years from the 2013 National Health Interview Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among men, 5% reported receiving the HPV vaccine, with no differences in uptake by race/ethnicity or sexual orientation. By contrast, 30% of the women reported receiving the HPV vaccine, with women of color having lower odds of initiating and completing the vaccine series compared with White women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the United States, HPV vaccine rates are lagging in men and show disparities among women. Increasing HPV vaccine uptake and series completion among women of color and all men may provide considerable long-term public health benefits.
authors.affiliation: The authors are with University of Iowa, College of Public Health; and University of Iowa Prevention Research Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network, Iowa City.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Daniel-Ulloa
authors.affiliation: The authors are with University of Iowa, College of Public Health; and University of Iowa Prevention Research Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network, Iowa City.
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.affiliation: The authors are with University of Iowa, College of Public Health; and University of Iowa Prevention Research Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network, Iowa City.
authors.forename: Edith A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D044469:Racial Groups; D012737:Sex Factors; D019529:Sexuality; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines