title: Visibility of Different Intraorbital Foreign Bodies Using Plain Radiography, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An In Vitro Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study sought to compare the usefulness of 4 imaging modalities in visualizing various intraorbital foreign bodies (IOFBs) in different sizes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six different materials including metal, wood, plastic, stone, glass. and graphite were cut in cylindrical shapes in 4 sizes (dimensions: 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mm) and placed intraorbitally in the extraocular space of fresh sheep's head. Four skilled radiologists rated the visibility of the objects individually using plain radiography, spiral computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in accordance with a previously described grading system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Excluding wood, all embedded foreign bodies were best visualized in CT and CBCT images with almost equal accuracies. Wood could only be detected using MRI, and then only when fragments were more than 2 mm in size. There were 3 false-positive MRI reports, suggesting air bubbles as wood IOFBs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of lower cost and using less radiation in comparison with conventional CT, CBCT can be used as the initial imaging technique in cases with suspected IOFBs. Optimal imaging technique for wood IOFBs is yet to be defined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Imam Reza Teaching Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Javadrashid
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Imam Reza Teaching Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: m.gh.arefi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golamian
authors.affiliation: Lincoln Medical and Mental Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahrzad
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Imam Reza Teaching Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hajalioghli
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shahmorady
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Imam Reza Teaching Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Fouladi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Imam Reza Teaching Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Shohreh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadrarhami
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Imam Reza Teaching Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Akhoundzadeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012756:Sheep; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Computed tomography; Cone-beam computed tomography; Intraorbital foreign body; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiography