title: High Intensity Aerobic Exercise Training Improves Deficits of Cardiovascular Autonomic Function in a Rat Model of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with Moderate Hyperglycemia.
abstract: Indices of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in experimental models of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are often contrary to clinical data. Here, we investigated whether a relatable insulin-treated model of T1DM would induce deficits in cardiovascular (CV) autonomic function more reflective of clinical results and if exercise training could prevent those deficits. Sixty-four rats were divided into four groups: sedentary control (C), sedentary T1DM (D), control exercise (CX), or T1DM exercise (DX). Diabetes was induced via multiple low-dose injections of streptozotocin and blood glucose was maintained at moderate hyperglycemia (9-17 mM) through insulin supplementation. Exercise training consisted of daily treadmill running for 10 weeks. Compared to C, D had blunted baroreflex sensitivity, increased vascular sympathetic tone, increased serum neuropeptide Y (NPY), and decreased intrinsic heart rate. In contrast, DX differed from D in all measures of CAN (except NPY), including heart rate variability. These findings demonstrate that this T1DM model elicits deficits and exercise-mediated improvements to CV autonomic function which are reflective of clinical T1DM.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: Kenneth N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Grisé
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: T Dylan
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Olver
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: Adwitia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Medical Biophysics and Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lacefield
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada N6C 2R5.
authors.forename: J Kevin
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Shoemaker
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada N6C 2R5.
authors.forename: Earl G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Noble
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7.
authors.forename: C W James
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Melling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D002319:Cardiovascular System; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006339:Heart Rate; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000097:blood; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D009478:Neuropeptide Y