title: Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Memory Functions in Healthy Older Adults.
abstract: As the process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begins years before disease onset, searching for prevention strategies is of major medical and economic importance. Nutritional supplementation with long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (LC-n3-FA) may exert beneficial effects on brain structure and function. However, experimental evidence in older adults without clinical dementia is inconsistent, possibly due to low sensitivity of previously employed test batteries for detecting subtle improvements in cognition in healthy individuals. Here we used LOCATO, recently described as a robust and sensitive tool for assessing object-location memory (OLM) in older adults, to evaluate the impact of LC-n3-FA supplementation on learning and memory formation. In a double-blind placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study, 44 (20 female) cognitively healthy individuals aged 50-75 years received either LC-n3-FA (2,200 mg/day, n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 26 weeks. Before and after intervention, memory performance in the OLM-task (primary) was tested. As secondary outcome parameters, performance in Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), dietary habits, omega-3-index, and other blood-derived parameters were assessed. Omega-3 index increased significantly in the LC-n3-FA group compared with the placebo group. Moreover, recall of object locations was significantly better after LC-n3-FA supplementation compared with placebo. Performance in the AVLT was not significantly affected by LC-n3-FA. This double-blind placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study provides further experimental evidence that LC-n3-FA exert positive effects on memory functions in healthy older adults. Our findings suggest novel strategies to maintain cognitive functions into old age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.|NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Neurocure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Külzow
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Aging and Obesity Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: A Veronica
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.affiliation: Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kerti
authors.affiliation: Department for Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Grittner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan Philipp
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schuchardt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.|NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Neurocure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.|Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flöel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D000066492:Cognitive Aging; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D018697:Nootropic Agents
keywords: Cognitive aging; dietary prevention; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; fish oil