title: A New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-Based Hole-Transport Material for Efficient CH3 NH3 PbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells.
abstract: A new hole-transport material (HTM) based on the 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety (H1) was prepared through a single-step synthetic pathway starting from commercially available products. Thanks to a deep HOMO level, H1 was used as HTM in CH3 NH3 PbBr3 perovskite solar cells yielding an efficiency of 5.8%. The reference HTM (Spiro-OMeTAD), under the same testing conditions, furnished a lower efficiency of 5.1%. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence of the thin films showed good charge-extraction dynamics for H1 devices. In addition, H1 shows a large thermal stability and completely amorphous behavior (as evaluated by thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy. crlsfn@unife.it.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-2356
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carli
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. juan.correa@epfl.ch.
authors.forename: Juan Pablo Correa
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3860-1149
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Baena
authors.affiliation: Scuola Normale Superiore, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-7070
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marianetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5595-570X
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-7070
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lessi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3012-3541
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abate
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4230-7663
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caramori
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-0195
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grätzel
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-7008
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bellina
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo Alberto
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7882-3694
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bignozzi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagfeldt
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012993:Solar Energy; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D010087:Oxides; C059910:perovskite; C583463:1,3,4-oxadiazole; D014025:Titanium
keywords: hole transport; oxadiazole; perovskite; solar cells; titania