title: With a little help from DNA barcoding: investigating the diversity of Gastropoda from the Portuguese coast.
abstract: The Gastropoda is one of the best studied classes of marine invertebrates. Yet, most species have been delimited based on morphology only. The application of DNA barcodes has shown to be greatly useful to help delimiting species. Therefore, sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene from 108 specimens of 34 morpho-species were used to investigate the molecular diversity within the gastropods from the Portuguese coast. To the above dataset, we added available COI-5P sequences of taxonomically close species, in a total of 58 morpho-species examined. There was a good match between ours and sequences from independent studies, in public repositories. We found 32 concordant (91.4%) out of the 35 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) generated from our sequences. The application of a ranking system to the barcodes yield over 70% with top taxonomic congruence, while 14.2% of the species barcodes had insufficient data. In the majority of the cases, there was a good concordance between morphological identification and DNA barcodes. Nonetheless, the discordance between morphological and molecular data is a reminder that even the comparatively well-known European marine gastropods can benefit from being probed using the DNA barcode approach. Discordant cases should be reviewed with more integrative studies.
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.|Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany.|L3 Scientific Solutions, Runder Berg 7a, 2502 Geesthacht, Germany.
authors.forename: Luísa M S
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hollatz
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.|Lisbon New University, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lobo
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Vilela
authors.affiliation: Lisbon New University, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Monte de Caparica, Portugal.|University Lusófona, Department of Life Science, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal.|Portuguese Institute of Malacology (IPM), Zoomarine, E.N. 125 km 65, Guia, 8201-864 Albufeira, Portugal.
authors.forename: Gonçalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Calado
authors.affiliation: Portuguese Institute of Malacology (IPM), Zoomarine, E.N. 125 km 65, Guia, 8201-864 Albufeira, Portugal.|The H Dubai - Office Building, Office 1602, P.O. Box 128846, Sheikh Zayed Road, Dubai, U.A.E.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: University of the Azores, InBIO - Associate Laboratory, CIBIO-Açores, Centre of Investigation of Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Biology Department, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria S G
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Lisbon New University, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Filipe O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011174:Portugal
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV