title: Stomach development, stem cells and disease.
abstract: The stomach, an organ derived from foregut endoderm, secretes acid and enzymes and plays a key role in digestion. During development, mesenchymal-epithelial interactions drive stomach specification, patterning, differentiation and growth through selected signaling pathways and transcription factors. After birth, the gastric epithelium is maintained by the activity of stem cells. Developmental signals are aberrantly activated and stem cell functions are disrupted in gastric cancer and other disorders. Therefore, a better understanding of stomach development and stem cells can inform approaches to treating these conditions. This Review highlights the molecular mechanisms of stomach development and discusses recent findings regarding stomach stem cells and organoid cultures, and their roles in investigating disease mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A4 Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 tae-hee.kim@sickkids.ca ramesh_shivdasani@dfci.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Tae-Hee
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA tae-hee.kim@sickkids.ca ramesh_shivdasani@dfci.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Ramesh A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Shivdasani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D004707:Endoderm / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D013270:Stomach / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology*; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions; Organogenesis; Transcriptional control of development