title: Tuberostemonine N, an active compound isolated from Stemona tuberosa, suppresses cigarette smoke-induced sub-acute lung inflammation in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our previous study demonstrated that a Stemona tuberosa extract had significant effects on cigarette smoking (CS)-induced lung inflammation in mice. The present study evaluated the potential of tuberostemonine N (T.N) to prevent airway inflammation and suppress airway responses in a CS-induced in vivo COPD model.
  
  
  METHODS
  T.N was isolated from the root of ST and analyzed using 1D and 2D NMR. The purity of T.N was accessed using HPLC-ELSD analysis. C57BL/6 mice in this study were whole-body exposed to mainstream CS or room air for 4 weeks, and T.N (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg body wt.) was administered to mice via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection before CS exposure. The number of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, and the amount of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were accessed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of T.N. Average alveoli size was also measured using histological analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cellular profiles and histopathological analyses revealed that the infiltration of peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cells decreased significantly in the T.N-treated groups compared to the CS-exposed control group. T.N significantly inhibited the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in BALF and decreased alveoli size in lung tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that T.N exerts anti-inflammatory effects against airway inflammation, and T.N may be a novel therapeutic agent for lung diseases, such as COPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ewha Global Top 5 Program), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Seo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kil
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jaehoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soojin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dasom
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeseok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Ewha Global Top 5 Program), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea. Electronic address: yuny@ewha.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eun Kyoung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, #1 Hoekidong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hbae@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyunsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D018925:Chemokines / Q000737:chemistry; D016207:Cytokines / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D041901:Stemonaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D012906:Smoke; C034243:tuberostemonine
keywords: COPD; Cigarette smoke; Stemona tuberosa; Tuberostemonine N