title: Age Differences in the Association of Social Support and Mental Health in Male U.S. Veterans: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the associations between multiple aspects of social support-perceived support, structural support, and community integration-and mental health difficulties in younger and older male veterans. Drawing from Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST), we hypothesized that greater support would be more strongly negatively related to mental health difficulties in older than younger veterans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional Web survey of younger and older male veterans recruited from a contemporary, nationally representative sample of veterans residing in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were drawn from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 290 younger male veterans (mean age: 37.0 years, SD: 6.9, range: 21-46) and 326 older male veterans (mean age: 81.7 years, SD: 3.2, range: 78-96).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants completed measures of sociodemographic and military characteristics, perceived and structural social support, community integration, and mental health difficulties.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In contrast to SST, higher perceived support was associated with fewer mental health difficulties in younger but not older veterans. In line with SST, community integration was associated with fewer mental health difficulties in older but not younger veterans. Structural support was not associated with mental health difficulties in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study provide mixed support for SST and suggest that different aspects of social support may help promote the mental health of younger and older male U.S. veterans. Promotion of community engagement may help promote mental health in older veterans, whereas promotion of functional social support may help promote mental health in younger veterans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Melissa R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: joan.monin@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Joan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Monin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Pietrzak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012944:Social Support; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014728:Veterans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: age differences; mental health; social support; veterans