title: An ultrafast turn-on thiol probe for protein labeling and bioimaging.
abstract: A novel turn-on type of ultrafast biothiol fluorescent probe, Naph-EA-mal, was designed, synthesized and evaluated. The probe contains a naphthalimide moiety as a fluorophore, a maleimide unit as a thiol acceptor, and 1,2-ethylenediamine as a linker. Naph-EA-mal displays high selectivity and a fast response toward thiols in aqueous solution. The reaction mechanism of the probe with thiols was confirmed by 1H NMR and HRMS. Test strips were fabricated and a sharp color change was observed by the naked-eye. Furthermore, Naph-EA-mal was successfully applied to label protein thiols, image thiols in living cells, quantify thiol content in cells lysate, and determine the reversible protein thiols oxidation in fixed cells.
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. fangjg@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. fangjg@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liangwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. fangjg@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. fangjg@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuesong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. fangjg@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunpo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. fangjg@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008301:Maleimides / Q000737:chemistry; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008301:Maleimides; D011506:Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C043592:maleimide