title: Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.
abstract: The recent advances in electrocatalysis for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are thoroughly reviewed. This comprehensive Review focuses on the low- and non-platinum electrocatalysts including advanced platinum alloys, core-shell structures, palladium-based catalysts, metal oxides and chalcogenides, carbon-based non-noble metal catalysts, and metal-free catalysts. The recent development of ORR electrocatalysts with novel structures and compositions is highlighted. The understandings of the correlation between the activity and the shape, size, composition, and synthesis method are summarized. For the carbon-based materials, their performance and stability in fuel cells and comparisons with those of platinum are documented. The research directions as well as perspectives on the further development of more active and less expensive electrocatalysts are provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Minhua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Qiaowan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications , 1650, boulevard Lionel Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Pol
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dodelet
authors.affiliation: INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications , 1650, boulevard Lionel Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada.
authors.forename: Regis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chenitz