title: Efficacy of 2.5% and 1.25% Povidone-Iodine Solution for Prophylaxis of Ophthalmia Neonatorum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of 2.5% and 1.25% Povidone-Iodine solution for Ophthalmia neonatorum prophylaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eye Department, Combined Military Hospital, Sargodha, from May to November 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  Atotal of 200 eyes of 100 newborn babies were enrolled and divided into two groups of 100 right eyes and 100 left eyes. Aconjunctival swab for bacterial culture was taken within 30 minutes after delivery. Asingle drop of 2.5% Povidone-Iodine was then placed in the right eye while in the left eye a single drop of 1.25% Povidone-Iodine was placed. Thirty minutes after placing Povidone-Iodine, a conjunctival swab was again taken. Abacterial suspension was prepared from each swab in determining bacterial counts. The bacterial suspension was inoculated on yeast extract agar and the number of colony forming units were counted. At each culture, the number of colony forming units before and after instillation of 2.5% Povidone-Iodine and 1.25% Povidone-Iodine were compared. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 2.5% Povidone-Iodine solution caused a statistically significant decrease in the number of colony forming units (p=0.001). Similarly, the 1.25% Povidone-Iodine solution also reduced the number of colony forming units to a statistically significant level (p=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 1.25% concentration of Povidone-Iodine is as effective as the 2.5% concentration of Povidone-Iodine in reducing the number of colony forming units in healthy conjunctivae of newborns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Combined Military Hospital, Sargodha.
authors.forename: Faisal Aziz
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology Lab, Combined Military Hospital, Sargodha.
authors.forename: Muhammad Ashraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Rai Medical College, Sargodha.
authors.forename: Shafaq Pervez
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Khan Niazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Sargodha.
authors.forename: Zia ul
authors.initials: Zu
authors.lastname: Haq
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Rai Medical College, Sargodha.
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akhtar
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009878:Ophthalmia Neonatorum / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011206:Povidone-Iodine