title: Highly accelerated cardiac MRI using iterative SENSE reconstruction: initial clinical experience.
abstract: To evaluate the qualitative and quantitative performance of an accelerated cardiovascular MRI (CMR) protocol that features iterative SENSE reconstruction and spatio-temporal L1-regularization (IS SENSE). Twenty consecutively recruited patients and 9 healthy volunteers were included. 2D steady state free precession cine images including 3-chamber, 4-chamber, and short axis slices were acquired using standard parallel imaging (GRAPPA, acceleration factor = 2), spatio-temporal undersampled TSENSE (acceleration factor = 4), and IS SENSE techniques (acceleration factor = 4). Acquisition times, quantitative cardiac functional parameters, wall motion abnormalities (WMA), and qualitative performance (scale: 1-poor to 5-excellent for overall image quality, noise, and artifact) were compared. Breath-hold times for IS SENSE (3.0 ± 0.6 s) and TSENSE (3.3 ± 0.6) were both reduced relative to GRAPPA (8.4 ± 1.7 s, p < 0.001). No difference in quantitative cardiac function was present between the three techniques (p = 0.89 for ejection fraction). GRAPPA and IS SENSE had similar image quality (4.7 ± 0.4 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6, p = 0.09) while, both techniques were superior to TSENSE (quality: 4.1 ± 0.7, p < 0.001). GRAPPA WMA agreement with IS SENSE was good (κ > 0.60, p < 0.001), while agreement with TSENSE was poor (κ < 0.40, p < 0.001). IS SENSE is a viable clinical CMR acceleration approach to reduce acquisition times while maintaining satisfactory qualitative and quantitative performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. bdallen@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Bradley D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Marcos P F
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Botelho
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Amir Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rahsepar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markl
authors.affiliation: MR Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Zenge
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Technologies, Siemens Healthcare, Princeton, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Mariappan S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nadar
authors.affiliation: MR Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spottiswoode
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D062485:Breath Holding; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013599:Systole; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
keywords: Accelerated MRI; Cardiac gated imaging techniques; Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; Ventricular function