title: Determination of tamoxifen and its metabolites using micelle to solvent stacking in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis.
abstract: Micelle to solvent stacking was implemented for the recently established NACE-C(4) D method to determine tamoxifen and its metabolites in standard samples and human plasma of breast cancer patients. For stacking, the standard samples and extract after liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) were prepared in methanol and the resulting sample solution was pressure injected after a micellar plug of SDS. Factors that affected the stacking such as SDS concentration, micelle, and sample plug length were examined. The sensitivity enhancement factor (peak height from stacking/peak height from typical injection of sample in BGE) was 15-22. The method detection limits with LLE were in the range of 5-10 ng/mL, which was lower than the established method (where the LLE extract was also prepared in methanol) with reported method detection limits of 25-40 ng/mL. The intraday and interday repeatability were in the range of 1.0-3.4% and 3.8-6.5%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.|Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.|Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lee Yien
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Thang
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.|Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.|Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hong Heng
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: See
authors.affiliation: Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.|Department of Chemistry, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
authors.forename: Joselito P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Quirino
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D008823:Micelles; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008823:Micelles; D013629:Tamoxifen
keywords: Contactless conductivity detection; Micelle to solvent stacking; NACE; Plasma; Tamoxifen