title: [Frequency of self-reported vocal problems and associated occupational factors in primary schoolteachers in Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil].
abstract: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of self-reported vocal problems among primary schoolteachers and to identify associated occupational factors, using a cross-sectional design and face-to-face interviews with 967 teachers in 20 public schools in Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil. Prevalence of self-reported vocal problems was 25.7%. Adjusted analyses showed associations with characteristics of the employment relationship (workweek ≥ 40 hours and poor perception of salaries and health benefits), characteristics of the work environment (number of students per class and exposure to chalk dust and microorganisms), psychological factors (low job satisfaction, limited opportunities to express opinions, worse relationship with superiors, and poor balance between professional and personal life), and violence (insults and bullying). Vocal disorders affected one in four primary schoolteachers and were associated with various characteristics of the teaching profession (both structural and work-related).
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Norte do Paraná, Londrina, Brasil.
authors.forename: Michelle Moreira Abujamra
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fillis
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil.
authors.forename: Selma Maffei de
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alberto Durán
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil.
authors.forename: Francine Nesello
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Melanda
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil.
authors.forename: Arthur Eumann
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Mesas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005178:Faculty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016526:Workload / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult