title: [Effect of tooth extraction and antibiotics on carotid artery wall and serum interleukin 6 in chronic periodontitis rats with or without atherosclerosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of tooth extraction with antibiotics on atherosclerosis, and to examine the expression of serum interleukin 6(IL-6) and the pathological changes of the carotid artery in chronic periodontitis(CP) rats with or without atherosclerosis(As).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 44 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, group A(normal control), group B(As), group C(CP), group D(CP+As). After model establishment, group C and group D were randomly divided into group C1/D1 (tooth extraction) and group C2/D2(tooth extraction with antibiotics) according to random number table and received the corresponding oral intervention treatment respectively. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) respectively one week before the intervention, one week after the first intervention, one, three, five weeks after the second intervention. The pathological changes of the carotid artery were accessed under light microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At all sampling time points, the levels of serum IL-6 in group B, C, D were higher than that of group A, with group D1 being increased most obviously, significantly higher than that of group A(P< 0.001). One week after the second intervention, the content of IL-6 in group C and group D peaked[C1(127.0 ± 29.9) ng/L, C2: (120.6 ± 23.1) ng/L, D1: (175.1 ± 50.8) ng/L, D2: (160.5 ± 37.7) ng/L], and was significantly higher than that of group B[B: (43.4 ± 7.5) ng/L,P<0.001]. Then they all had varying degrees of decline, 5 weeks after the second intervention, group C1 and D1 were still higher than that of group B, but group C2 and D2 were lower than that of group B. At all sampling time points, the levels of serum IL- 6 in group C2/D2 were lower than those in group C1/D1, 5 weeks after the second intervention the difference was most obvious and statistically significant(P<0.001). Pathology showed that the carotid artery wall in group A was normal. The carotid artery wall was thickened in group B, inflammatory cells and foam cells could be seen, and elastic fibers disordered. The carotid artery wall in group C1 was uneven, foam cells and a small amount of inflammatory cells were visible, and elastic fiber disordered. Obvious thickening was not seen in the carotid artery wall of group C2, a small amount of foam cells and inflammatory cells were found, and elastic fiber mildly disordered. The carotid artery wall in group D1 was obviously uneven, calcium salt deposits were visible in the artery wall, a large amount of inflammatory cells and foam cells could be found, and elastic fiber disordered. Obvious thickening was not seen in the carotid artery wall of group D2, a small amount of inflammatory cells and a large amount of foam cells could be seen, and elastic fiber disordered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periodontitis and hyperlipidemia could increase the level of serum IL- 6 and the risk of the As. In chronic periodontitis rats with or without atherosclerosis, when periodontal inflammation was not controlled, tooth extraction may increase the risk of the As. At the time of tooth extraction, giving the anti-inflammatory treatment can reduce the risk to a certain extent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Qianhui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Email: rxy611@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiuyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Xuexue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Zijie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001011:Aorta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6