title: Heterologous challenge in the presence of maternally-derived antibodies results in vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease in weaned piglets.
abstract: Control of influenza A virus (IAV) in pigs is done by vaccination of females to provide maternally-derived antibodies (MDA) through colostrum. Our aim was to evaluate if MDA interfere with IAV infection, clinical disease, and transmission in non-vaccinated piglets. In the first study, naïve sows were vaccinated with H1N2-δ1 whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccine. In a follow-up study seropositive sows to 2009 pandemic H1N1 (H1N1pdm09) were boosted with H1N1pdm09 WIV or secondary experimental infection (EXP). MDA-positive pigs were challenged with homologous or heterologous virus, and MDA-negative control groups were included. WIV-MDA piglets were protected from homologous infection. However, piglets with WIV-derived MDA subsequently challenged with heterologous virus developed vaccine associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD), regardless of history of natural exposure in the sows. Our data indicates that although high titers of vaccine-derived MDA reduced homologous virus infection, transmission, and disease, MDA alone was sufficient to induce VAERD upon heterologous infection.
authors.affiliation: Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, ARS, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010, United States.
authors.forename: Daniela S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rajao
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 2180 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sandbulte
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 2630 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
authors.forename: Phillip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Gauger
authors.affiliation: Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, ARS, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010, United States.
authors.forename: Pravina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kitikoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 2180 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
authors.forename: Ratree
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, 2180 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, University of Georgia, 953 College Station Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, ARS, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010, United States.
authors.forename: Crystal L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Loving
authors.affiliation: Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, ARS, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010, United States. Electronic address: amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D057221:Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated
keywords: Influenza; Maternally-derived antibodies; Swine; Vaccine associated enhanced respiratory disease