title: A Survey on Transfusion Status in Orthopedic Surgery at a Trauma Center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased costs and mortality associated with inappropriate blood transfusions have led to investigations about blood request and blood transfusion techniques. We investigated the transfusion status in patients who underwent orthopedic surgery in Poursina Hospital (Rasht, Iran) to optimizing blood usage and determine if a scheduled transfusion program for every orthopedic surgery could improve blood transfusion management.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this descriptive-prospective study, all orthopedic surgeries in Poursina Hospital, Rasht, between April to June 2013 were reviewed. All patient information was recorded, including: demographics, type of surgery, hemoglobin level, cross-match test, duration of surgery, and blood loss, and transfusion. Based on the one-way ANOVA and independent samples test analysis, cross-match to transfusion ratio and transfusion possibility, the transfusion index, and maximal surgical blood order schedule were calculated to determine blood transfusion status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 872 selected orthopedic surgery candidates, 318 of them were cross-matched and among those, 114 patients received a blood transfusion. In this study, the cross-match to transfusion ratio was 6.4, transfusion possibility 36.47%, transfusion index 0.6, and maximal surgical blood order schedule 0.9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that blood ordering was moderately higher than the standard; so it is highly recommended to focus on the knowledge of evidence based on transfusion and standard guidelines for blood transfusion to avoid over-ordering.
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soleimanha
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haghighi
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmadreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirbolook
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sedighinejad
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mardani-Kivi
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Naderi-Nabi
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Tahereh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chavoshi
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrnoosh Ghandili
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mehrnoosh
keywords: Blood transfusion; Orthopedic surgery; Transfusion index; Transfusion possibility