title: A prospective study assessing the etiology of Diabetes mellitus among Jordanian patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus has considerable public health implications for communities, individuals, and health services. Increasing prevalence of diabetes all over the world intensifies the demand for health care services, and particularly for inpatient care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aims to assess the current prevalence of diabetes and its etiology among hospitalized Jordanian adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross sectional study conducted at Specialist Hospital (SH) in the Jordanian capital of Amman, with data collection taking place between June and August 2015, and data was extracted manually from medical records. Patients were divided into three groups: (a) those with a medical history of diabetes, (b) those with unrecognized diabetes or new hyperglycemia, and (c) those with no diabetes. Data management and analysis were conducted using the SPSS program. Means ±SD were used to present all continuous variables, as well as the numbers and percentages for categorical variables, and we used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare between means. For differences between categorical variables, we used (x(2)). A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 392 patients (266 female, 126 male) were admitted during the 10-week study period. Of these, 204 fell into category (a), 45 into category (b), and 143 into category (c). Diabetes was the principal diagnosis in 52% of the hospitalizations. Patients who had diabetes or new hyperglycemia were considerably older than non-diabetic patients. The five most common reasons for hospitalization were congestive heart failure (25.0%), pneumonia (22.5%), DKA (22.0%), coronary atherosclerosis (16.20%), and septicemia (14.20%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The common etiologies for hospitalization were congestive heart failure, pneumonia, DKA, coronary atherosclerosis, and septicemia. Keeping in view the results of this study it is recommend that regular screening should be performed for diabetic patients, as this will increase the chances that many diabetes complications will be prevented, particularly for elderly subjects.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Practices Department, Pharmacy College, Princess Noura bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: albarqok@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amal K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Suleiman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Diabetes patients; Hospitalization; Jordan