title: Short-term diagnostic stability of probable headache disorders based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition beta version, in first-visit patients: a multicenter follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A "Probable headache disorder" is diagnosed when a patient's headache fulfills all but one criterion of a headache disorder in the 3rd beta edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorder (ICHD-3β). We investigated diagnostic changes in probable headache disorders in first-visit patients after at least 3 months of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a longitudinal study using a prospective headache registry from nine headache clinics of referral hospitals. The diagnostic change of probable headache disorders at baseline was assessed at least 3 months after the initial visit using ICHD-3β.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 216 patients with probable headache disorders at baseline, the initial probable diagnosis remained unchanged for 162 (75.0 %) patients, while it progressed to a definite diagnosis within the same headache subtype for 45 (20.8 %) by fulfilling the criteria during a median follow-up period of 6.5 months. Significant difference on the proportions of constant diagnosis was not found between headache subtypes (P < 0.935): 75.9 % for probable migraine, 73.7 % for probable tension-type headache (TTH), and 76.0 % for probable other primary headache disorders (OPHD). Among patients with headache recurrence, the proportion of constant diagnosis was higher for probable migraine than for probable TTH plus probable OPHD (59.2 vs. 23.1 %; P < 0.001). The proportions of constant diagnosis did not significantly differ by follow-up duration (>3 and ≤ 6 months vs. > 6 and ≤ 10 months) in probable migraine, probable TTH, and probable OPHD, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, a probable headache diagnosis, based on ICHD-3β, remained in approximately three-quarters of the outpatients; however, diagnostic stability could differ by headache recurrence and subtype. Probable headache management might have to consider these differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Daejin Medical Center, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Su
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Heui-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon-si, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of neurology, National Police Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Myong-Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Jin
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Moon
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Uijeongbu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang-Yeol
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 40, Seokwoo-dong, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 445-170, South Korea. dowonc@naver.com.
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of neurology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea. skkim.stroke@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Soo-Kyoung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020773:Headache Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D012042:Registries; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000175:diagnosis
keywords: Headache; Migraine; Probable diagnosis; Stability; Tension-type headache; Tracking