title: Anticancer properties of phospholipase A2 from Daboia siamensis venom on human skin melanoma cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a major component of the Daboia siamensis venom, which is able to hydrolyse the membrane of various cells. For this reason, the activity of PLA2 was investigated regarding its pharmaceutical properties. This study was conducted to explore the pharmacological properties of a PLA2 from Daboia siamensis (dssPLA2) venom on human skin melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-28).
  
  
  METHODS
  dssPLA2 was isolated by ion exchange and gel filtration columns. Various concentrations of dssPLA2 were investigated for cytotoxic activity and inhibition of migration on SK-MEL-28 cells. Cell death analysis, mRNA expression levels of Notch I-III and BRAF V600E genes were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  dssPLA2 exhibited cytotoxicity on SK-MEL-28 for 24 and 72 h as compared with untreated cells. However, it had no toxic effects on CCD-1064sk cells under the same conditions. dssPLA2 (0.25 and 0.5 μg/mL) induced 17.16 and 30.60 % of apoptosis, while activated 6.53 and 7.05 % of necrotic cells. dssPLA2 at 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 μg/mL could inhibit migration on SK-MEL-28 cells for 24 h by 31.06, 41.66, 50 and 68.75 %, respectively. The action of dssPLA2 significantly reduced the levels of Notch I and BRAF V600E genes expression on SK-MEL-28 cells compared with untreated cells at 72 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that dssPLA2 had potential effects of apoptosis, necrosis, cytotoxicity and inhibition of migration on SK-MEL-28 cells. dssPLA2 could possibly be a selective agent that targets cancer cells without affecting normal cells.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khunsap
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
authors.forename: Orawan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khow
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular Immunology Laboratory Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
authors.forename: Supranee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buranapraditkun
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
authors.forename: Sunutcha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suntrarachun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University Institute, Building 3, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
authors.forename: Songchan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puthong
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
authors.forename: Supatsorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boonchang
keywords: Anticancer; Daboia siamensis venom; Phospholipase A2; Skin melanoma