title: Effect of soil properties, heavy metals and emerging contaminants in the soil nematodes diversity.
abstract: Among soil organisms, nematodes are seen as the most promising candidates for bioindications of soil health. We hypothesized that the soil nematode community structure would differ in three land use areas (agricultural, forest and industrial soils), be modulated by soil parameters (N, P, K, pH, SOM, CaCO3, granulometric fraction, etc.), and strongly affected by high levels of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Hg) and emerging contaminants (pharmaceuticals and personal care products, PPCPs). Although these pollutants did not significantly affect the total number of free-living nematodes, diversity and structure community indices vastly altered. Our data showed that whereas nematodes with r-strategy were tolerant, genera with k-strategy were negatively affected by the selected pollutants. These effects diminished in soils with high levels of heavy metals given their adaptation to the historical pollution in this area, but not to emerging pollutants like PPCPs.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, ICA-CSIC, Serrano, 115bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.affiliation: Depto. Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (I.N.I.A), Carretera de A Coruña 7.5 km, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, ICA-CSIC, Serrano, 115bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Escuer
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, ICA-CSIC, Serrano, 115bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Centro para os Recursos Biológicos e Alimentos Mediterrânicos (MeditBio), Campus Gambelas, Edf. 8, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campos-Herrera
authors.affiliation: Depto. Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (I.N.I.A), Carretera de A Coruña 7.5 km, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mª Eulalia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Beltrán Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Depto. Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (I.N.I.A), Carretera de A Coruña 7.5 km, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gregoria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carbonell
authors.affiliation: Depto. Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (I.N.I.A), Carretera de A Coruña 7.5 km, 28040, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: rmartin@inia.es.
authors.forename: Jose Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Martín
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D009348:Nematoda / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Ecological indices; Heavy metals; Nematode trophic groups; Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs); Soil biodiversity; Soil pollution