title: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Prognostic and Predictive Factors of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer of Stages I and II.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease regarding the stage at time of diagnosis and there is special attention regarding adjuvant chemotherapy in unselected patients with stage I and stage II. The clinicohistologically based TNM staging system with emphasis on histological evaluation of primary tumor and resected regional lymph nodes remains the standard of staging, but it has restricted sensitivity resulting in false downward stage migration. Molecular characteristics might predispose tumors to a worse prognosis and identification of those enables identifying patients with high risk of disease recurrence. Suitable predictive markers also enable choosing the most appropriate therapy. The current challenge facing adjuvant chemotherapy in stages I and II CRC is choosing patients with the highest risk of disease recurrence who are going to derive most benefit without facing unnecessary adverse effects. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are one of the potential molecular markers that might help us identify patients with unfavorable prognostic factors regarding disease initiation and recurrence and could determine selection of an appropriate chemotherapy regimen in the adjuvant and metastatic setting. In this paper, we discuss SNPs of genes involved in the multistep processes of cancerogenesis, metastasis, and the metabolism of chemotherapy that might prove clinically significant.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Matej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horvat
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genomics, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Uroš
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Potočnik
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genomics, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Repnik
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Rajko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kavalar
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Borut
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Štabuc