title: Enhancing performance and uniformity of CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) perovskite solar cells by air-heated-oven assisted annealing under various humidities.
abstract: To fabricate high-performance metal-halide perovskite solar cells, a thermal annealing process is indispensable in preparing high quality perovskite film. And usually such annealing is performed on hot plate. However hot-plate annealing could cause problems such as inhomogeneous heating (induced by non-tight contact between the sample and the plate), it is also not fit for large scale manufactory. In this paper, we conduct the annealing process in air-heated oven under various humidity environments, and compared the resulted films (CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x)) and devices (Al/PC61BM/CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x)/
  PSS/ITO/glass) with that obtained via hot-plate annealing. It is found that the air-heated-oven annealing is superior to the hot-plate annealing: the annealing time is shorter, the films are more uniform, and the devices exhibit higher power conversion efficiency and better uniformity. The highest efficiencies achieved for the oven and hot-plate annealing processes are 14.9% and 13.5%, and the corresponding standard deviations are 0.5% and 0.8%, respectively. Our work here indicates that air-heated-oven annealing could be a more reliable and more efficient way for both lab research and large-scale production.
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Zhiwen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jizheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang