title: Protective Effect of Naringenin against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces acute lung injury (ALI) through oxidative stress and inflammation. Naringenin exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The possible protective effect of naringenin was investigated against ALI induced by LPS in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats received a single injection of LPS (5 mg/kg, i.v.). Naringenin was given for 4 consecutive days, at 2 doses (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.), starting 3 days before LPS administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS significantly increased wet/dry lung weight ratio, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6, and myeloperoxidase activity in the lung tissues. Naringenin, particularly the higher dose, significantly ameliorated the LPS-induced changes in the measured parameters. Also, naringenin markedly reduced the histopathological lung tissue injury that resulted from LPS. Naringenin significantly decreased the LPS-induced expression of nuclear factor-x03BA;B, inducible NO synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, caspase-3, and significantly increased heat shock protein 70 expression in the lungs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Naringenin significantly protected against LPS-induced ALI in rats through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antinitrosative, and antiapoptotic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Amr A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fouad
authors.forename: Waleed H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Albuali
authors.forename: Iyad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jresat
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D044950:Flavanones; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; C005273:naringenin