title: Improved cardiac magnetic resonance thermometry and dosimetry for monitoring lesion formation during catheter ablation.
abstract: A new real-time MR-thermometry pipeline was developed to measure multiple temperature images per heartbeat with 1.6×1.6×3 mm3spatial resolution. The method was evaluated on 10 healthy volunteers and during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in sheep.
  
  
  
  Multislice, electrocardiogram-triggered, echo-planar imaging was combined with parallel imaging, under free breathing conditions. In-plane respiratory motion was corrected on magnitude images by an optical flow algorithm. Motion-related susceptibility artifacts were compensated on phase images by an algorithm based on Principal Component Analysis. Correction of phase drift and temporal filter were included in the pipeline implemented in the Gadgetron framework. Contact electrograms were recorded simultaneously with MR thermometry by an MR-compatible ablation catheter.
  
  
  
  The temporal standard deviation of temperature in the left ventricle remained below 2 °C on each volunteer. In sheep, focal heated regions near the catheter tip were observed on temperature images (maximal temperature increase of 38 °C) during RFA, with contact electrograms of acceptable quality. Thermal lesion dimensions at gross pathology were in agreement with those observed on thermal dose images.
  
  
  
  This fully automated MR thermometry pipeline (five images/heartbeat) provides direct assessment of lesion formation in the heart during catheter-based RFA, which may improve treatment of cardiac arrhythmia by ablation. Magn Reson Med 77:673-683, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Liryc Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1045 Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Valéry
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ozenne
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Liryc Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1045 Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.|Siemens Healthcare France, Saint Denis, France.
authors.forename: Solenn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toupin
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Liryc Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1045 Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bour
authors.affiliation: Mathematical Institute of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Baudouin Denis
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: de Senneville
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare France, Saint Denis, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lepetit-Coiffé
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Liryc Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1045 Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boissenin
authors.affiliation: LaBRI, CNRS, Université of Bordeaux.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benois-Pineau
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Technology Program, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Souheil J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Inati
authors.affiliation: Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, California, USA.
authors.forename: Assaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Govari
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Liryc Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.|Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaïs
authors.affiliation: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Liryc Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1045 Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Quesson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000601:surgery; D016477:Artifacts; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D012756:Sheep; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D062125:Thermometry / Q000379:methods*
keywords: MR thermometry; arrhythmia; cardiac; electrophysiology; radiofrequency ablation