title: Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in wastewater with waste glycerol: Strategies for improving nutrients removal and enhancing lipid production.
abstract: To improve nutrients removal from wastewater and enhance lipid production, cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in wastewater with waste glycerol generated from biodiesel production using scum derived oil as feedstock was studied. The results showed that nutrients removal was improved and lipid production of C. vulgaris was enhanced with the addition of waste glycerol into wastewater to balance its C/N ratio. The optimal concentration of the pretreated glycerol for C. vulgaris was 10gL(-1) with biomass concentration of 2.92gL(-1), lipid productivity of 163mgL(-1)d(-1), and the removal of 100% ammonia and 95% of total nitrogen. Alkaline conditions prompted cell growth and lipid accumulation of C. vulgaris while stimulating nutrients removal. The application of the integration process can lower both wastewater treatment and biofuel feedstock costs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A3 Datun Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Addy
authors.affiliation: Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuhuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: ruanx001@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruan
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D048408:Chlorella vulgaris / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005990:Glycerol; D008055:Lipids; D009584:Nitrogen; D010758:Phosphorus; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Biofuel production; Microalga; Waste glycerol; Wastewater