title: Novel Perspectives in Redox Biology and Pathophysiology of Failing Myocytes: Modulation of the Intramyocardial Redox Milieu for Therapeutic Interventions-A Review Article from the Working Group of Cardiac Cell Biology, Italian Society of Cardiology.
abstract: The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is still increasing worldwide, with enormous human, social, and economic costs, in spite of huge efforts in understanding pathogenetic mechanisms and in developing effective therapies that have transformed this syndrome into a chronic disease. Myocardial redox imbalance is a hallmark of this syndrome, since excessive reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can behave as signaling molecules in the pathogenesis of hypertrophy and heart failure, leading to dysregulation of cellular calcium handling, of the contractile machinery, of myocardial energetics and metabolism, and of extracellular matrix deposition. Recently, following new interesting advances in understanding myocardial ROS and RNS signaling pathways, new promising therapeutical approaches with antioxidant properties are being developed, keeping in mind that scavenging ROS and RNS tout court is detrimental as well, since these molecules also play a role in physiological myocardial homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arcaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pirozzi
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.affiliation: La Sapienza University and IRCCS L. Spallanzani, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chimenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20135 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Lia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, La Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mancardi
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Torella
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Tocchetti
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011379:Prognosis; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009584:Nitrogen; D002118:Calcium