title: Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Jakarta, Indonesia.
abstract: This study investigated the distribution of serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae carried by adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Jakarta, Indonesia. Specimens of nasopharyngeal swab were collected from 200 HIV infected adults aged 21 to 63 years. Identification of S. pneumoniae was done by optochin susceptibility test and PCR for the presence of psaA and lytA genes. Serotyping was performed with sequential multiplex PCR and antibiotic susceptibility with the disk diffusion method. S. pneumoniae strains were carried by 10% adults with serotype 6A/B 20% was common serotype among cultured strains in 20 adults. Most of isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol (80%) followed by clindamycin (75%), erythromycin (75%), penicillin (55%), and tetracycline (50%). This study found resistance to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim was most common with only 15% of strains being susceptible. High non-susceptibility to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim was observed in S. pneumoniae strains carried by HIV infected adults in Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology & Evidence-Based Medicine (CEEBM) Unit, Faculty of Medicine Univeritas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Kuntjoro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harimurti
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology & Evidence-Based Medicine (CEEBM) Unit, Faculty of Medicine Univeritas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Siti R F
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Saldi
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology & Evidence-Based Medicine (CEEBM) Unit, Faculty of Medicine Univeritas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Esthika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dewiasty
authors.affiliation: Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Miftahuddin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Khoeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; HIV Integrated Services, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Evi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yunihastuti
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Gajah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Tiara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Putri
authors.affiliation: Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Wisnu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tafroji
authors.affiliation: Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia. Electronic address: safari@eijkman.go.id.
authors.forename: Dodi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Safari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: Adults; Carriage; HIV; Jakarta; Streptococcus pneumoniae