title: Elevated serum apolipoprotein E is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a factor involved in Alzheimer's disease, which recently attracted great attention as an important protein related to tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, serum ApoE levels and its diagnosis and prognosis value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are still unknown. In 196 NSCLC patients and 203 healthy controls, serum ApoE was measured by turbidimetric immunoassay. The associations of serum ApoE levels with the clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients were analyzed. Serum ApoE levels were obviously elevated in NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls (41.6 ± 11.63 vs. 33.8 ± 6.24 mg/L) and were associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis status, and distant metastasis status (all P < 0.0001). For NSCLC diagnosis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.71 at a specificity of 0.90 and sensitivity of 0.47. For lymph node metastasis predicting, the area under the ROC curve was 0.68 at a specificity of 0.56 and sensitivity of 0.73. From ROC/area under curve (AUC) analysis, we used 41.25 mg/L as the serum ApoE cut-off value, to divide NSCLC patients into two groups, the median survival was 11.0 weeks (95 % CI = 8.7 to 13.3) for patients in high serum ApoE group and 20.0 weeks (95 % CI = 15.0 to 25.0) in low serum ApoE group. Serum ApoE levels elevated in NSCLC patients, which also associated with TNM stages, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis, suggest that serum ApoE may act as a useful clinical serological biomarkers for evaluating the progress of NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.|Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pinning
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China. 13711694565@163.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China. lilaish@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Laisheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D000368:Aged; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: ApoE; Biomarker; Metastasis; NSCLC; Prognosis