title: HMGB1 Facilitated Macrophage Reprogramming towards a Proinflammatory M1-like Phenotype in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis Development.
abstract: Macrophages can be reprogramming, such as the classical activated macrophage, M1 or alternative activated macrophages, M2 phenotype following the milieu danger signals, especially inflammatory factors. Macrophage reprogramming is now considered as a key determinant of disease development and/or regression. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is characterized by monocytes/macrophage infiltration, Th17 cells activation and inflammatory factors producing such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Whether infiltrated macrophages could be reprogramming in EAM? HMGB1 was associated with macrophage reprogramming? Our results clearly demonstrated that infiltrated macrophage was reprogrammed towards a proinflammatory M1-like phenotype and cardiac protection by monocytes/macrophages depletion or HMGB1 blockade in EAM; in vitro, HMGB1 facilitated macrophage reprogramming towards M1-like phenotype dependent on TLR4-PI3Kγ-Erk1/2 pathway; furthermore, the reprogramming M1-like macrophage promoted Th17 expansion. Therefore, we speculated that HMGB1 contributed EAM development via facilitating macrophage reprogramming towards M1-like phenotype except for directly modulating Th17 cells expansion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.|The Central Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212001.
authors.forename: Zhaoliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Yanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Xiaolian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Central Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212001.
authors.forename: Yueqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Central Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212001.
authors.forename: Huiling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: The Central Laboratory, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212001.
authors.forename: Wenlin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 212013.
authors.forename: Huaxi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement; D016764:Cell Polarity; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D065840:Protective Factors; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C582808:HMGB1 protein, mouse