title: Molecular detection of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle herds of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study aimed to direct detect Mycobacterium bovis in milk (n = 401) and blood (n = 401) samples collected from 401 dairy cows of 20 properties located in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting the region of difference 4 (RD4). Risk factors possibly associated with bovine tuberculosis (BTB) were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 802 samples analyzed, one milk (0.25%) and eight blood (2%) samples were positive for M. bovis in the qPCR and their identities were confirmed by sequencing. Animals positive for M. bovis were found in six (30%) of the 20 properties visited. None of the risk factors evaluated were statistically associated with BTB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  M. bovis DNA was detected in one milk sample what may pose a risk to public health because raw milk is commonly consumed in Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 52171-900, Brazil. natinhacezar@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Renata Duarte da Silva
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Cezar
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology (Departamento de Imunologia), Research Center Aggeu Magalhães (Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães-CPqAM) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 50.740-465, Brazil. norma.lucena@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lucena-Silva
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Garanhuns (Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE). Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, CEP 55292-270, Brazil. afbbf@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Antônio Fernando Barbosa Batista
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Garanhuns (Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE). Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, CEP 55292-270, Brazil. jonas_borges1@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jonas de Melo
authors.initials: Jde M
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.affiliation: Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 52171-900, Brazil. pollyanne_raysa_fernandes@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Pollyane Raysa Fernandes
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Garanhuns (Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE). Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, CEP 55292-270, Brazil. erica.c.l@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Érica Chaves
authors.initials: ÉC
authors.lastname: Lúcio
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology (Departamento de Imunologia), Research Center Aggeu Magalhães (Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães-CPqAM) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz), Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 50.740-465, Brazil. maira_lima@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Maíra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arruda-Lima
authors.affiliation: National Agricultural Laboratory of Pernambuco (Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Pernambuco- Lanagro/PE), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply of Brazil (Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento - MAPA). Rua Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 52171-030, Brazil. vaniophillus@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Vania Lucia de Assis
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 52171-900, Brazil. wiltonjuniorufrpe@gmail.com.
authors.forename: José Wilton
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pinheiro Junior
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002417:Cattle; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial