title: Development and validation of a theoretical test in non-anaesthesiologist-administered propofol sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Safety with non-anaesthesiologist-administered propofol sedation (NAAP) during gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is related to theoretical knowledge. A summative testing of knowledge before attempting supervised nurse-administered propofol sedation (NAPS) in the clinic is advised. The aims of this study were to develop a theoretical test about propofol sedation, to gather validity evidence for the test and to measure the effect of a NAPS-specific training course.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-phased psychometric study on multiple choice questionnaire (MCQ) test development, gathering of validity evidence and evaluation of the effect of a specific NAAP course on the test result. A MCQ containing 86 questions was developed and administered 113 times to 91 participants representing novices, intermediates and experienced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Question difficulty analyses revealed 50 level I and II questions. The 50 MCQs showed mean (SD) intergroup differences (p = 0.001) between novices = 28.6 (4.82), intermediates = 36.8 (5.43) and experienced = 41.8 (4.65) and provided a pass score of 35.2. The course with pre-course test had significant effect on the knowledge of nurses (18% increase) and physicians (19% increase; p = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data supported the validity of the developed MCQ test. The NAPS-specific course with pre-course testing adds theoretical knowledge to already well-prepared participants.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgical Gastroenterology , Herlev University Hospital , Herlev , Capital Region of Denmark ;
authors.forename: Jeppe Thue
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: b Centre for HR , Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation , Copenhagen , Capital Region of Denmark ;
authors.forename: Mona Meral
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Savran
authors.affiliation: c Department of Anaesthesiology , Herlev University Hospital , Herlev , Capital Region of Denmark.
authors.forename: Ann Merete
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgical Gastroenterology , Herlev University Hospital , Herlev , Capital Region of Denmark ;
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vilmann
authors.affiliation: a Department of Surgical Gastroenterology , Herlev University Hospital , Herlev , Capital Region of Denmark ;
authors.forename: Pernille
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hornslet
authors.affiliation: b Centre for HR , Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation , Copenhagen , Capital Region of Denmark ;
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Konge
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol
keywords: Deep sedation; education; educational measurement; endoscopy