title: Underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms in childhood irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects a large number of children throughout the world. The symptom expression of IBS is heterogeneous, and several factors which may be interrelated within the IBS biopsychosocial model play a role. These factors include visceral hyperalgesia, intestinal permeability, gut microbiota, psychosocial distress, gut inflammation, bile acids, food intolerance, colonic bacterial fermentation, and genetics. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of these factors are being actively investigated. In this mini-review, we present updates of these mechanisms and, where possible, relate the findings to childhood IBS. Mechanistic elucidation may lead to the identification of biomarkers as well as personalized childhood IBS therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, 77030, TX, USA. chumpita@bcm.edu.|Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin Street, 77030, Houston, TX, USA. chumpita@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Bruno P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Chumpitazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, 77030, TX, USA. rshulman@bcm.edu.|Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin Street, 77030, Houston, TX, USA. rshulman@bcm.edu.|Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, 77030, TX, USA. rshulman@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shulman
keywords: Bile acid; Children; FODMAP; Genetics; Irritable bowel syndrome; Serotonin