title: Acute effects of different inspiratory efforts on ventilatory pattern and chest wall compartmental distribution in elderly women.
abstract: It is not completely described how aging affect ventilatory kinematics and what are the mechanisms adopted by the elderly population to overcome these structural modifications. Given this, the aim was to evaluate the acute effects of different inspiratory efforts on ventilatory pattern and chest wall compartmental distribution in elderly women. Variables assessed included: tidal volume (Vt), total chest wall volume (Vcw), pulmonary rib cage (Vrcp%), abdominal rib cage (Vrca%) and abdominal compartment (Vab%) relative contributions to tidal volume. These variables were assessed during quiet breathing, maximal inspiratory pressure maneuver (MIP), and moderate inspiratory resistance (MIR; i.e., 40% of MIP). 22 young women (age: 23.9 ± 2.5 years) and 22 elderly women (age: 68.2 ± 5.0 years) participated to this study. It was possible to show that during quiet breathing, Vab% was predominant in elderly (p<0.001), in young, however, Vab% was similar to Vrcp% (p=0.095). During MIR, Vrcp% was predominant in young (p<0.001) and comparable to Vab% in elderly (p=0.249). When MIP was imposed, both groups presented a predominance of Vrcp%. In conclusion, there are differences in abdominal kinematics between young and elderly women during different inspiratory efforts. In elderly, during moderate inspiratory resistance, the pattern is beneficial, deep, and slow. Although, during maximal inspiratory resistance, the ventilatory pattern seems to predict imminent muscle fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: helgamuniz@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muniz de Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: taciano_rocha@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Taciano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: shirleylcampos@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Shirley Lima
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: daniellacunha@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniella Cunha
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Therapy Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: fink.jim@gmail.com.
authors.forename: James B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: andrea.aliverti@polimi.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aliverti
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: armeledornelas@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Armele Dornelas
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: de Andrade
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000502:physiology; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation / Q000502:physiology*; D010991:Plethysmography; D000070602:Rib Cage / Q000502:physiology; D013990:Tidal Volume; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aging; Breathing pattern; Opto-electronic plethysmography; Respiratory mechanics