title: Student-Valued Measurable Teaching Behaviors of Award-Winning Pharmacy Preceptors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify specific preceptor teaching-coaching, role modeling, and facilitating behaviors valued by pharmacy students and to develop measures of those behaviors that can be used for an experiential education quality assurance program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a qualitative research approach, we conducted a thematic analysis of student comments about excellent preceptors to identify behaviors exhibited by those preceptors. Identified behaviors were sorted according to the preceptor's role as role model, teacher/coach, or learning facilitator; measurable descriptors for each behavior were then developed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data analysis resulted in identification of 15 measurable behavior themes, the most frequent being: having an interest in student learning and success, making time for students, and displaying a positive preceptor attitude. Measureable descriptors were developed for 5 role-modeling behaviors, 6 teaching-coaching behaviors, and 4 facilitating behaviors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preceptors may need to be evaluated in their separate roles as teacher-coach, role model, and learning facilitator. The developed measures in this report could be used in site quality evaluation.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Teresa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.affiliation: University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Palomar Health, Palomar Medical Center, Escondido, California.
authors.forename: Mitul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: University of Washington Health Center, Rubenstein Memorial Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mac
authors.affiliation: University of Wyoming School of Pharmacy, Laramie, Wyoming.
authors.forename: Janelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krueger
authors.affiliation: University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Danielson
authors.affiliation: University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Stanley S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001363:Awards and Prizes; D002982:Clinical Clerkship; D003479:Curriculum; D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005178:Faculty; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D010465:Perception; D011231:Preceptorship / Q000592:standards; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D024382:Professional Role; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012932:Social Facilitation; D013339:Students, Pharmacy / Q000523:psychology*; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
keywords: clinical clerkship; experiential learning; pharmacy education; preceptorship; qualitative research