title: Polyphenols Variation in Fruits of the Susceptible Strawberry Cultivar Alba during Ripening and upon Fungal Pathogen Interaction and Possible Involvement in Unripe Fruit Tolerance.
abstract: Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit contains high concentrations of health-promoting phenolic compounds, playing important roles for the fruit ontogenic tolerance to fungi. In the highly susceptible cultivar Alba, the two major strawberry fungal pathogens, Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea, displayed disease symptoms only at red ripe stages because immature fruits are tolerant to diseases. We analyzed and compared the variation of 47 polyphenols in the surface of unripe and ripe Alba fruits upon 24 and 48 h of C. acutatum and B. cinerea infection or mock inoculation. Significant alteration in phenolic content was detected only in white infected fruit, with differences specific for each pathogen. The expression analysis of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and shikimate pathway genes showed in only a few cases correlation with the relative metabolite abundance. The alteration in phenolic content and the lack of consistency with gene expression data are discussed in light of previously reported metabolome data of different susceptible and resistant strawberry genotypes.
authors.affiliation: CRIOF-Department of Agricultural Science (DIPSA), University of Bologna , Viale G. Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Ellaine Grace
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Nagpala
authors.affiliation: CRIOF-Department of Agricultural Science (DIPSA), University of Bologna , Viale G. Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guidarelli
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach (FEM) , Via E. Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Mattia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasperotti
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach (FEM) , Via E. Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Masuero
authors.affiliation: CRIOF-Department of Agricultural Science (DIPSA), University of Bologna , Viale G. Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bertolini
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Foundation Edmund Mach (FEM) , Via E. Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Urska
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Vrhovsek
authors.affiliation: CRIOF-Department of Agricultural Science (DIPSA), University of Bologna , Viale G. Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baraldi
mesh_terms: D020171:Botrytis; D020231:Colletotrichum; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000382:microbiology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D031985:Fragaria / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D015870:Gene Expression; D055432:Metabolomics; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000032:analysis; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D059808:Polyphenols; D018749:RNA, Plant
keywords: Botrytis; Colletotrichum; Fragaria × ananassa; fungal quiescence; latent infection; polyphenols; ripening