title: Predictive factors of self-reported hand eczema in adult Danes: a population-based cohort study with 5-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information about predictive factors of hand eczema is crucial for primary prevention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate predictive factors of hand eczema in adult Danes from the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants from a cross-sectional 5-year follow-up study in the general population, aged 18-72 years (n = 2270), completed questionnaires about skin health and were grouped into four hand eczema groups: 'never', 'incident', 'nonpersistent' and 'persistent'. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age group and sex were used to evaluate associations with baseline variables. The participation rate for the follow-up study was 66·5% (29·7% of the participants originally invited to the baseline study).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A history of atopic dermatitis (AD) was associated with both persistent and incident hand eczema [odds ratio (OR) 9·0, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5·6-14·4 and OR 3·0, 95% CI 1·7-5·2, respectively]. Thus, even in adulthood, a history of AD should be considered as a predictor of incident hand eczema. While filaggrin gene (FLG) null mutations were not associated with incident hand eczema, a statistically significant association was observed with persistent hand eczema (OR 3·1, 95% CI 1·8-5·2). Finally, contact sensitization (23 allergens without nickel) was also associated with persistent hand eczema (OR 2·5, 95% CI 1·2-5·0), independently of a history of AD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms a history of AD as the strongest predictor of persistent hand eczema. We additionally found that a history of AD was associated with incident hand eczema in adults, in contrast to FLG mutations, which were associated only with persistent hand eczema in individuals with a history of AD, and not with incident hand eczema. Our study adds new knowledge to the interplay between AD, FLG mutations and hand eczema in the adult general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermato-Allergology, The National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Kildegårdsvej 28, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Heede
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermato-Allergology, The National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Kildegårdsvej 28, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Thyssen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Thuesen
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Linneberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermato-Allergology, The National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Kildegårdsvej 28, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Johansen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D004485:Eczema / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011537:Pruritus / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins