title: FTO genotype and weight loss in diet and lifestyle interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have suggested that the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype is associated with individual variability in weight loss in response to diet/lifestyle interventions, but results are inconsistent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to provide a summary of the literature evaluating the relation between the FTO genotype and weight loss in response to diet/lifestyle interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A search of English-language articles in the PubMed and Embase databases (through 30 April 2015) was performed. Eligible studies were diet/lifestyle weight-loss intervention studies conducted in adults that reported changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI) by the FTO variant rs9939609 (or its proxy). Differences in weight loss between FTO genotypes across studies were pooled with the use of fixed-effect models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A meta-analysis of 10 studies (comprising 6951 participants) that reported the results of additive genetic models showed that individuals with the FTO TA genotype and AA genotype (those with the obesity-predisposing A allele) had 0.18-kg (95% CI: -0.09-, 0.45-kg;P= 0.19; NS) and 0.44-kg (95% CI: 0.09-, 0.79-kg;P= 0.015) greater weight loss, respectively, than those with the TT genotype. A meta-analysis of 14 studies (comprising 7700 participants) that reported the results of dominant genetic models indicated a 0.20-kg (-0.43-, 0.04-kg) greater weight loss in the TA/AA genotype than in the TT genotype (P= 0.10). In addition, differences in weight loss between the AA genotype and TT genotype were significant in studies with a diet intervention only, adjustment for baseline BMI or body weight, and several other subgroups. However, the relatively small number of studies limited these stratified analyses, and there was no statistically significant difference between subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This meta-analysis suggests that individuals carrying the homozygous FTO obesity-predisposing allele may lose more weight through diet/lifestyle interventions than noncarriers. Our data provide evidence for genetic variability in response to diet/lifestyle interventions on weight loss, although clinical applications of these findings need further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY;
authors.forename: Lingwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA;
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY;
authors.forename: Bhakti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan, China; and.
authors.forename: Guangda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY;
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY;
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wylie-Rosett
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; qibin.qi@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Qibin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human
keywords: FTO genotype; diet; lifestyle intervention; meta-analysis; weight loss