title: Effect of Carnosine in Experimental Arthritis and on Primary Culture Chondrocytes.
abstract: Carnosine's (CARN) anti-inflammatory potential in autoimmune diseases has been but scarcely investigated as yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CARN in rat adjuvant arthritis, in the model of carrageenan induced hind paw edema (CARA), and also in primary culture of chondrocytes under H2O2 injury. The experiments were done on healthy animals, arthritic animals, and arthritic animals with oral administration of CARN in a daily dose of 150 mg/kg b.w. during 28 days as well as animals with CARA treated by a single administration of CARN in the same dose. CARN beneficially affected hind paw volume and changes in body weight on day 14 and reduced hind paw swelling in CARA. Markers of oxidative stress in plasma and brain (malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, protein carbonyls, and lag time of lipid peroxidation) and also activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase were significantly corrected by CARN. CARN also reduced IL-1alpha in plasma. Suppression of intracellular oxidant levels was also observed in chondrocytes pretreated with CARN. Our results obtained on two animal models showed that CARN has systemic anti-inflammatory activity and protected rat brain and chondrocytes from oxidative stress. This finding suggests that CARN might be beneficial for treatment of arthritic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponist
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Drafi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kuncirova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mihalova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rackova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Spitalska 24, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Danisovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ondrejickova
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tumova
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Neurology, RAMS, Volokolamskoyeshosse 80, Moscow 125367, Russia.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Trunova
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Neurology, RAMS, Volokolamskoyeshosse 80, Moscow 125367, Russia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fedorova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bauerova
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002336:Carnosine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000097:blood; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000447:Aldehydes; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002336:Carnosine; D002351:Carrageenan; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal