title: Rectal Diclofenac Versus Rectal Paracetamol: Comparison of Antipyretic Effectiveness in Children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fever is the most common complaint in pediatric medicine and its treatment is recommended in some situations. Paracetamol is the most common antipyretic drug, which has serious side effects such as toxicity along with its positive effects. Diclofenac is one of the strongest non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drugs, which has received little attention as an antipyretic drug.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to compare the antipyretic effectiveness of the rectal form of Paracetamol and Diclofenac.
  
  
  METHODS
  This double-blind controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 children aged six months to six years old. One group was treated with rectal Paracetamol suppositories at 15 mg/kg dose and the other group received Diclofenac at 1 mg/kg by rectal administration (n = 40). Rectal temperature was measured before and one hour after the intervention. Temperature changes in the two groups were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average rectal temperature in the Paracetamol group was 39.6 ± 1.13°C, and 39.82 ± 1.07°C in the Diclofenac group (P = 0.37). The average rectal temperature, one hour after the intervention, in the Paracetamol and the Diclofenac group was 38.39 ± 0.89°C and 38.95 ± 1.09°C, respectively (P = 0.02). Average temperature changes were 0.65 ± 0.17°C in the Paracetamol group and 1.73 ± 0.69°C in the Diclofenac group (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the first one hour, Diclofenac suppository is able to control the fever more efficient than Paracetamol suppositories.
authors.affiliation: Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran; Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haji Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran; Medical Student Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aalinezhad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrcis, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Golbahareh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sarami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrcis, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rangraz
keywords: Diclofenac; Fever; Paracetamol; Rectal Administration