title: Linezolid is Associated with Improved Early Outcomes of Childhood Tuberculous Meningitis.
abstract: Linezolid serves as an important component for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis although there is little published data about linezolid use in children, especially in childhood tuberculous meningitis (TBM).
  
  
  
  In this study, we retrospectively reviewed records of childhood TBM patients who started treatment between January 2012 and August 2014. A total of 86 childhood TBM patients younger than 15 years old were enrolled. Out of 86 children, 36 (41.9%) received the regimen containing linezolid.
  
  
  
  Thirty-two (88.9%) of 36 linezolid-treated cases had favorable outcomes, and 35 (70.0%) cases were successfully treated in the control group. The frequency of favorable outcome of linezolid group was significantly higher than that of control group (P = 0.037). In addition, compared with cases with fever clearance time of <1 week, the control group had more cases with fever clearance time of 1-4 weeks (P = 0.010) and >4 weeks (P = 0.000) than linezolid group. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the frequency of adverse events between the two regimens (P = 0.896). In addition, the patients with adverse events were more likely to have treatment failure, the P value of which was 0.008.
  
  
  
  Our data demonstrate that linezolid improves early outcome of childhood TBM. The low frequency of linezolid-associated adverse effects highlights the promising prospects of its use for treatment of childhood TBM.
authors.affiliation: From the *Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and †Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jinrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Shunying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D000069349:Linezolid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014390:Tuberculosis, Meningeal / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000069349:Linezolid