title: Gastroretentive systems - a proposed strategy to modulate anthocyanin release and absorption for the management of diabetes.
abstract: Several reports have indicated a positive correlation between the consumption of anthocyanins (ACN) and biomarkers relating to the improvement of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the results from in vitro studies often do not translate into clinical evidence. Potential causes of these discrepancies are experimental conditions that lack physiological relevancy; extensive degradation of these compounds in vivo due to changes in pH and metabolism; and a short residence time in the absorption window in relation to the absorption rate. Here, gastroretentive systems (GRS) are proposed as a strategy to overcome the limitations in ACN delivery and to reduce the existing bench-to-subject gap. This review summarizes recent literature on the use of ACN for the management and control of T2D, followed by GRS platforms to promote a sustained release of ACN for increased health benefits.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , NS , Canada and.
authors.forename: Giovana Bonat
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Celli
authors.affiliation: b Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Kentville , NS , Canada.
authors.forename: Wilhelmina
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kalt
authors.affiliation: a Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , NS , Canada and.
authors.forename: Marianne Su-Ling
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins
keywords: Bioavailability; degenerative disease; delivery system; diabetes; stomach