title: Structural and functional characterization of EIAV gp45 fusion peptide proximal region and asparagine-rich layer.
abstract: Equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are members of the lentiviral genus. Similar to HIV gp41, EIAV gp45 is a fusogenic protein that mediates fusion between the viral particle and the host cell membrane. The crystal structure of gp45 reported reveals a different conformation in the here that includes the fusion peptide proximal region (FPPR) and neighboring asparagine-rich layer compared with previous HIV-1 gp41 structures. A complicated hydrogen-bond network containing a cluster of solvent molecules appears to be critical for the stability of the gp45 helical bundle. Interestingly, viral replication was relatively unaffected by site-directed mutagenesis of EIAV, in striking contrast to that of HIV-1. Based on these observations, we speculate that EIAV is more adaptable to emergent mutations, which might be important for the evolution of EIAV as a quasi-species, and could potentially contribute to the success of the EIAV vaccine.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Liangwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Jiansen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: liu2008@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D001216:Asparagine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003460:Crystallization; D004859:Equine Infectious Anemia / Q000821:virology*; D006736:Horses; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D004860:Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D001216:Asparagine
keywords: Asparagine/Glutamine-rich layer; Conformational transition; Crystal structure; EIAV gp45; FPPR; HIV-1 gp41; Membrane fusion