title: Predictive value of GGN and CAG repeat polymorphisms of androgen receptors in testicular cancer: a meta-analysis.
abstract: The risk of testicular cancer (TC) is markedly increased in subjects with androgen insensitivity, and previous studies have proposed that GGN and CAG repeats in androgen receptors (AR) could be related to the risk of TC. To evaluate the association between the length of GGN and CAG repeats in AR and TC, a meta-analysis involving 3255 TC cases and 2804 controls was performed. The results suggested that long GGN repeats are associated with an increased risk of TC compared with those < 23 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-1.41]; similarly, a subgroup analysis revealed that this association occurred in studies with case sizes > 200, and in the mid-latitude, and seminoma subgroups. The subgroup analysis based on populations, high-latitude, and seminomas/non-seminomas suggested that AR CAG repeat polymorphisms with > 25 and < 21 + > 25 repeats might confer a protective effect to the patients with TC (in the high-latitude subgroup analysis, for > 25 vs. 21-25: OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.41-0.70). In contrast, an increased risk of TC was observed for AR CAG repeat polymorphisms with > 25 and < 21 + > 25 repeats in the mid-latitude subgroup (for > 25 vs. 21-25: OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.09-2.50). In addition, no associations between the remaining subgroups and male infertility were observed. In short, this meta-analysis suggested that AR GGN and CAG repeat polymorphisms may be involved in the etiology of TC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuaimei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Mengxia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Peiran
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qiuyue
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Mingchao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xinyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011944:Receptors, Androgen
keywords: CAG repeat; GGN repeat; androgen receptor; polymorphism; testicular cancer