title: Purification and Characterization of Protamine, the Allergen from the Milt of Large Yellow Croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea), and Its Components.
abstract: The protamine in fish milt can cause anaphylaxis in humans. To determine the allergen in the milt of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea), crude extracts were incubated with sera from allergic patients. The results showed that a 12 kDa multicomponent protein was the major allergen in the milt of large yellow croaker. The multicomponent protein was purified, and physicochemical characterization showed that it was a glycoprotein, highly stable in acid-alkali conditions, and weakly retained immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding activity at high temperatures. Separation and immunoreactivity analysis of the components of the multicomponent protein showed that it had six components, and component 5 had the strongest IgE-binding activity with patient sera. N-terminal sequencing confirmed the multicomponent protein was protamine. Following analysis of protamine from different fish by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and circular dichroism spectra, the protamines from different fish were found to have a similar secondary structure, although their components were different.
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Yan-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Jia-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Zhong-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Ling-Jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Min-Jie
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University , 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.|Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University , Xiamen.
authors.forename: Guang-Ming
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D010473:Perciformes / Q000276:immunology*; D011479:Protamines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012661:Semen / Q000276:immunology*; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000596:Amino Acids; D029941:Fish Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D011479:Protamines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: allergen; characterization; components; large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea); milt; protamine