title: Biointerfacial phenomena of amlodipine buccomucosal tablets of HPMC matrix system containing polyacrylate polymer/β-cyclodextrin: Correlation of swelling and drug delivery performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study focuses on the development of amlodipine bilayer buccal tablets of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix system containing polyacrylate polymer (Carbopol(®))/β-cyclodextrin as the drug layer and ethylcellulose as the non-swellable backing layer, and their biointerfacial phenomena.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tablets were evaluated for swelling, erosion and mucoadhesion using buccal mucosal tissue ex vivo. In vitro drug release and ex vivo drug transport across mucosal tissue were also performed in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The relationship of swelling with buccoadhesion and buccal permeation of various bilayer tablet formulations containing HPMC alone and in combination with Carbopol or drug-β-cyclodextrin complex has been prepared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall buccoadhesion of the tablet with combination of HPMC and Carbopol was increased significantly compared with that of HPMC alone. Presence of cyclodextrin did not change bioadhesion force and swelling behavior significantly. Ex vivo permeation was increased with the increase of HPMC proportion in other formulations as observed in in vitro dissolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drug-cyclodextrin complexes in the tablet improved permeation due to its improved dissolution at the site of biointerface of tablet and buccomucosa. Correlations of ex vivo and in vitro data have been established to predict the buccomucosal permeation from the swelling index or drug release alone.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, University , Bhubaneswar , OR , India.
authors.forename: Brajabihari
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, University , Bhubaneswar , OR , India.
authors.forename: Rajalaxmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Subhadarsini
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, University , Bhubaneswar , OR , India.
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mallick
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D000278:Administration, Buccal; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D007785:Lactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D012756:Sheep; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D013607:Tablets; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C509290:hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-lactose matrix; C006912:carboxypolymethylene; D017311:Amlodipine; D008747:Methylcellulose; D007785:Lactose; C031215:betadex
keywords: Bilayer tablet; buccoadhesion; buccomucosal permeation; erosion; ex vivo–in vitro correlation; swelling