title: Application of carbon nanoparticles for parathyroid protection in reoperation of thyroid diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore a new identification and protection method of the parathyroid gland in reoperation for thyroid diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  54 patients receiving reoperation for thyroid diseases were selected. The experiment group intraoperatively adopted carbon nanoparticles suspension for negative development of the parathyroid gland, whereas the control group did not use carbon nanoparticles suspension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 48 h after surgery, the parathyroid hormone level was lower than the normal state in 9 patients (33.30%) of the control group and 1 patient (3.70%) of the experiment group; meanwhile, 6 months after surgery, 8 patients of the control group (29.63%) and 1 patient of the experiment group (3.70%) showed a lower level than the normal state with statistical differences. The serum calcium level in 10 patients of the control group (37.04%) and 2 patients of the experiment group (7.41%) was lower than the normal state at 48 h after surgery, while a lower level than the normal state was also shown in 8 patients of the control group (29.63%) and 1 patient of the experiment group (3.70%) 6 months after surgery with statistically significant between the two groups. A total of 10 (37.04%) and 1 parathyroid gland (3.70%) were detected with a statistical difference in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By adopting carbon nanoparticles in reoperation for the thyroid diseases and negative development of the parathyroid gland for identification and protection of the parathyroid gland, the incidence of hypoparathyroidism is reduced effectively, thus improving the postoperative quality of life of the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Wuguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Lingji
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Jianjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast, Thyroid, and Vascular Surgery, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042, China.
authors.forename: Donglin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luo
keywords: Reoperation for the thyroid diseases; carbon nanoparticles; protection of the parathyroid gland