title: Reduced expressions of calmodulin genes and protein and reduced ability of calmodulin to activate plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase in the brain of protein undernourished rats: modulatory roles of selenium and zinc supplementation.
abstract: The roles of protein undernutrition as well as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) supplementation on the ability of calmodulin (CaM) to activate erythrocyte ghost membrane (EGM) Ca(2+)-ATPase and the calmodulin genes and protein expressions in rat's cortex and cerebellum were investigated. Rats on adequate protein diet and protein-undernourished (PU) rats were fed with diet containing 16% and 5% casein, respectively, for a period of 10 weeks. The rats were then supplemented with Se and Zn at a concentration of 0.15 and 227 mg l(-1), respectively, in drinking water for 3 weeks. The results obtained from the study showed significant reductions in synaptosomal plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA) activity, Ca(2+)/CaM activated EGM Ca(2+) ATPase activity and calmodulin genes and protein expressions in PU rats. Se or Zn supplementation improved the ability of Ca(2+)/CaM to activate EGM Ca(2+)-ATPase and protein expressions. Se or Zn supplementation improved gene expression in the cerebellum but not in the cortex. Also, the activity of PMCA was significantly improved by Zn. In conclusion, it is postulated that Se and Zn might be beneficial antioxidants in protecting against neuronal dysfunction resulting from reduced level of calmodulin such as present in protein undernutrition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.|Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Building, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.|Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne, Ogun State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olusegun L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Adebayo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Building, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Alka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khera
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Building, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Rajat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandhir
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne, Ogun State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Gbenga A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Adenuga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc
keywords: calcium; calmodulin; erythrocyte ghost membrane; plasma membrane; synaptosome