title: Long period fiber grating nano-optrode for cancer biomarker detection.
abstract: We report an innovative fiber optic nano-optrode based on Long Period Gratings (LPGs) working in reflection mode for the detection of human Thyroglobulin (TG), a protein marker of differentiated thyroid cancer. The reflection-type LPG (RT-LPG) biosensor, coated with a single layer of atactic polystyrene (aPS) onto which a specific, high affinity anti-Tg antibody was adsorbed, allowed the label-free detection of Tg in the needle washouts of fine-needle aspiration biopsies, at concentrations useful for pre- and post-operative assessment of the biomarker levels. Analyte recognition and capture were confirmed with a parallel on fiber ELISA-like assay using, in pilot tests, the biotinylated protein and HRP-labeled streptavidin for its detection. Dose-dependent experiments showed that the detection is linearly dependent on concentration within the range between 0 and 4 ng/mL, while antibody saturation occurs for higher protein levels. The system is characterized by a very high sensitivity and specificity allowing the ex-vivo detection of sub ng/ml concentrations of human Tg from needle washouts of fine-needle aspiration biopsies of thyroid nodule from different patients.
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Quero
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Consales
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Severino
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaiano
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boniello
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR), Napoli, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPeB), Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandomenico
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR), Napoli, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPeB), Napoli, Italy. Electronic address: menotti.ruvo@unina.it.
authors.forename: Menotti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruvo
authors.affiliation: Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) -CNR, Portici, Italy. Electronic address: anna.borriello@cnr.it.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borriello
authors.affiliation: Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) -CNR, Portici, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Diodato
authors.affiliation: Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) -CNR, Portici, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zuppolini
authors.affiliation: Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) -CNR, Portici, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Immacolata Cristina
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Nettore
authors.affiliation: Department of Traslational Medicine, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazzarella
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo Emidio
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Macchia
authors.affiliation: Hospital Consulting SpA, Bagno a Ripoli, Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Santorelli
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cutolo
authors.affiliation: Optoelectronics Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy. Electronic address: a.cusano@unisannio.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cusano
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D006801:Humans; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D013954:Thyroglobulin
keywords: Biomolecular sensing; Human Thyroglobulin (TG) detection; Label-free detection; Long period fiber grating (LPG); Optical fiber biosensor; Reflection-type LPG