title: [Analysis of clinical efficacy and the quality of life after endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the clinical efficacy of patients who underwent endoscopic salvage nasopharyngectomy for residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) after irradiation failure, and examine the quality of life (QOL) of them who were at different tumor stage and given different postoperative treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six patients who underwent endoscopic salvage nasopharyngectomy for rNPC between June 2009 and March 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. rTNM stage: 20 cases were at stage I, 16 at stage II, 44 at stage III, 16 at stage IV; rT1 22 cases (22.9%), rT2 16 cases (16.7%), rT3 42 cases (43.8%), rT4 16 cases (16.7%); rN0 92 cases (95.8%), rN1 2 cases (2.1%), rN2 2 cases (2.1%); No with distance metastasis. All the patients underwent endoscopic resection of lesions, and four cases with cervical metastasis received neck dissection at the same time.Postoperatively the self-reported, health-related QOL questionnaires were used to assess and compare the QOL of survival patients.SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyzed the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall 1 year survival rates (SR), 2 year SR, 3 year SR were 83%, 68%, 63%, respectively. The median follow-up was 43 months. Cox regression analysis indicated the complete resection for rNPC and pathology were two independent factors affecting survival. The QOL of patients who received endoscopic salvage nasopharyngectomy only were better than the patients who received concurrent chemoradiation therapy or chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients who underwent endoscopic salvage nasopharyngectomy for rNPC had a good survival rates and QOL.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Qiu Qianhui, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou 510080, China, Email: qiuqianhui@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Qianhui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D037981:Neck Dissection; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000601:surgery*; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome