title: UFLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of multiple mycotoxins in medicinal and edible Areca catechu.
abstract: A robust, sensitive and reliable ultra fast liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-ESI-MS/MS) was optimized and validated for simultaneous identification and quantification of eleven mycotoxins in medicinal and edible Areca catechu, based on one-step extraction without any further clean-up. Separation and quantification were performed in both positive and negative modes under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in a single run with zearalanone (ZAN) as internal standard. The chromatographic conditions and MS/MS parameters were carefully optimized. Matrix-matched calibration was recommended to reduce matrix effects and improve accuracy, showing good linearity within wide concentration ranges. Limits of quantification (LOQ) were lower than 50 μg kg(-1), while limits of detection (LOD) were in the range of 0.1-20 μg kg(-1). The accuracy of the developed method was validated for recoveries, ranging from 85% to 115% with relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤14.87% at low level, from 75% to 119% with RSD ≤ 14.43% at medium level and from 61% to 120% with RSD ≤ 13.18% at high level, respectively. Finally, the developed multi-mycotoxin method was applied for screening of these mycotoxins in 24 commercial samples. Only aflatoxin B2 and zearalenone were found in 2 samples. This is the first report on the application of UFLC-ESI(+/-)-MS/MS for multi-class mycotoxins in A. catechu. The developed method with many advantages of simple pretreatment, rapid determination and high sensitivity is a proposed candidate for large-scale detection and quantification of multiple mycotoxins in other complex matrixes.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Jiaoyang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Liaoning Medical University Pharmacy College, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
authors.forename: Qiutao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors.forename: Yichen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Wanning, 571533, China. Electronic address: yangmeihua15@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Meihua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D001114:Areca / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D002138:Calibration; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D009183:Mycotoxins
keywords: Areca catechu; MRM; Method development; Mycotoxin; UFLC-ESI-MS/MS