title: Association of Hearing Impairment and Emotional Vitality in Older Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To better understand the potential impact of hearing impairment (HI) and hearing aid use on emotional vitality and mental health in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the cross-sectional association of HI with emotional vitality in 1,903 adults aged 76-85 years in the Health ABC study adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Hearing was defined by the speech frequency pure tone average (no impairment < 25 dB, mild impairment 25-40 dB, and moderate or greater impairment > 40 dB). Emotional vitality was defined as having a high sense of personal mastery, happiness, low depressive symptomatology, and low anxiety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with individuals with no HI, participants with moderate or greater HI had a 23% lower odds of emotional vitality (odds ratio [OR] = 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.99). Hearing aid use was not associated with better emotional vitality (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.81-1.20).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HI is associated with lower odds of emotional vitality in older adults. Further studies are needed to examine the longitudinal impact of HI on mental health and well-being.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Contrera
authors.affiliation: Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Josh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Deal
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Janet S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Hilsa N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Ayonayon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Helzner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Health Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Scotland.
authors.forename: Kathryn R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Kala
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satterfield
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yaffe
authors.affiliation: Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Eleanor M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Simonsick
authors.affiliation: Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. flin1@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Frank R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006240:Happiness; D006310:Hearing Aids / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D011304:Presbycusis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Emotional vitality; Hearing; Mental health; Sensory impairment