title: Emerging surgical treatments for renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Treatment of renal cell carcinoma has evolved considerably over the last few years. While total nephrectomy is necessary at times, nephron-sparing surgery, with a goal of renal function preservation, should always be considered. Although open partial nephrectomy is considered the gold standard approach for nephron-sparing surgery, laparoscopic- or robotic-assisted techniques allow urologists to perform renal surgery less invasively, with excellent long-term oncological outcomes. Cryotherapy and radiofrequency ablation are less invasive management approaches for carefully selected patients with small renal masses. Active surveillance should be considered in elderly or patients who are unfit for surgery. Ultimately, the method chosen for management of a renal mass is an informed decision made by the physician and patient.
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Urology & Oncological Science, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Fatima Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Urology & Oncological Science, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ketan K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Badani
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Urology & Oncological Science, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sfakianos
authors.affiliation: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Urology & Oncological Science, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mehrazin
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003452:Cryosurgery; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D057832:Watchful Waiting
keywords: ablative therapy; active surveillance; laparoscopic surgery; nephron sparing surgery; renal cell carcinoma; robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery