title: Non-susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus in the UK: temporal trends in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
abstract: To monitor and compare trends in the non-susceptibility of bloodstream isolates of pathogens to key antibiotics in the constituent countries of the UK between 2010 and 2014.
  
  
  
  Routinely generated antibiotic susceptibility test results for bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were collected from hospital microbiology laboratories in each country.
  
  
  
  With the exception of a decrease in the proportion of S. aureus that were MRSA, non-susceptibility to key antibiotics among the pathogens studied remained largely unchanged over the 5 year study period, with any increases in non-susceptibility being small. Although some intercountry variation in the proportions of non-susceptible isolates was seen, apart from MRSA, the differences were generally small (<5%) and fluctuated from year to year, with no country showing consistently higher or lower rates of resistance.
  
  
  
  Collaboration between the constituent countries of the UK allows an integrated approach to nationwide surveillance of antibiotic resistance.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Service, Public Health Agency, Belfast BT2 8BS, UK.
authors.forename: Lourda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geoghegan
authors.affiliation: Antimicrobial Resistance Programme, Public Health Wales, Cardiff CF10 3NW, UK.
authors.forename: Maggie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heginbothom
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Public Health Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muller-Pebody
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Scotland, NHS National Services Scotland, Glasgow G2 6QE, UK.
authors.forename: Jacqui S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Scotland, NHS National Services Scotland, Glasgow G2 6QE, UK.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Scotland, NHS National Services Scotland, Glasgow G2 6QE, UK.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiuff
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Service, Public Health Agency, Belfast BT2 8BS, UK.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wyatt
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London NW9 5EQ, UK alan.johnson@phe.gov.uk.
authors.forename: Alan P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents