title: Aquatic hazard, bioaccumulation and screening risk assessment for ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate.
abstract: The fluoropolymer manufacturing industry is moving to alternative polymerization processing aid technologies with more favorable toxicological and environmental profiles as part of a commitment to curtail the use of long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). To facilitate the environmental product stewardship assessment and premanufacture notification (PMN) process for a candidate replacement chemical, we conducted acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests to evaluate the toxicity of ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate (C6HF11O3.H3N) or the acid form of the substance to the cladoceran, Daphnia magna, the green alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, and a number of freshwater fish species including the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, In addition, testing with the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, was conducted to determine the bioconcentration potential of the acid form of the compound. Based on the relevant criteria in current regulatory frameworks, the results of the aquatic toxicity and bioconcentration studies indicate the substance is of low concern for aquatic hazard and bioconcentration in aquatic organisms. Evaluation of environmental monitoring data in conjunction with the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) based on the available data suggest low risk to aquatic organisms.
authors.affiliation: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, DE 19711, U.S.A. Electronic address: robert.a.hoke@dupont.com.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hoke
authors.affiliation: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, DE 19711, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Barbra D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.affiliation: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, DE 19711, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Terry L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Sloman
authors.affiliation: The Chemours Company, 1007 Market Street, Wilmington, DE 19801, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.affiliation: The Chemours Company, 1007 Market Street, Wilmington, DE 19801, U.S.A.
authors.forename: L William
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Buxton
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects; D002347:Carps; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000378:metabolism; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005466:Fluorocarbons
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D011422:Propionates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C000611729:ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate; D005466:Fluorocarbons
keywords: Aquatic toxicity; Bioconcentration; Hazard assessment; Perfluoroalkyl substances; Risk assessment