title: Effect of Different Insulin Response Patterns During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test on Glycemia in Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance.
abstract: Research is still going on for detecting the earliest glucose homeostasis derangements in individuals, which is crucial for the prevention of glucose intolerance. This cross-sectional study analyzes different insulin response patterns during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and their implications on glycemia in normoglycemic individuals.
  
  
  
  The sample frame was the "Offspring of Individuals with Diabetes Study" database. All participants underwent OGTT. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min for measurement of insulin, C-peptide, and proinsulin levels. Normal glucose tolerant individuals were selected for analysis.
  
  
  
  Four hundred fifty subjects (mean age, 25 years) were included and divided into two groups according to timing of plasma insulin peaking during OGTT: Group 1, peaking at 30 min; and Group 2, peaking at 60 or 120 min. Body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance were comparable between the groups; however, Group 2 showed a significantly higher 60- and 120-min glucose level and lower disposition index. Based on the magnitude of the insulin levels, Group 1 was subdivided into Group N (normal pattern) and Group E (exaggerated pattern) with a 30-min insulin cutoff of 74 μU/mL (Group E, ≥74 μU/mL). Group 2 was subdivided into Group DL (delayed and limited pattern; 60-min insulin <73.0 μU/mL and 120-min insulin <80.0 μU/mL) and Group DE (delayed and exaggerated pattern; 60-min insulin ≥73.0 μU/mL or 120-min insulin ≥80.0 μU/mL). Group DE showed a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) of glucose compared with the other groups and had a lower disposition index and high-density lipoprotein levels. Group DL had significantly lower insulin resistance and BMI compared with Group E but showed a similar AUC of glucose.
  
  
  
  A delayed insulin pattern was associated with higher postprandial glucose levels. Individuals with delayed and exaggerated insulin secretion may have a higher risk for glucose intolerance.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India .
authors.forename: Edavan Pulikkanath
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Praveen
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India .
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chouhan
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India .
authors.forename: Jayaprakash
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India .
authors.forename: Sudhir K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India .
authors.forename: Sada Nand
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India .
authors.forename: Madan Lal
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Khurana
authors.affiliation: 6 Department of Endocrinology, Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital , New Delhi, India .
authors.forename: Bindu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kulshreshtha
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India .
authors.forename: Ariachery C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ammini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin