title: Personal Protection Measures Against Mosquitoes, Ticks, and Other Arthropods.
abstract: Arthropod-associated diseases are a major cause of morbidity among travelers. Obtaining a detailed travel itinerary and understanding traveler-specific and destination-specific risk factors can help mitigate the risk of vector-borne diseases. DEET, picaridin, PMD, and IR3535 are insect repellents that offer sufficient protection against arthropod bites. IR3535 does not provide adequate protection against Anopheles mosquitoes, and should be avoided in malaria-endemic regions. General protective measures, such as bite avoidance, protective clothing, insecticide-treated bed nets, and insecticide-treated clothing, should be recommended, especially in malaria-endemic areas. Spatial repellents may prevent nuisance biting, but have not been shown to prevent against vector-borne disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Disease & International Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 250 Mayo, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: alper054@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Alpern
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, 701 Park Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Dolan
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases & International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street Southeast, 133 Variety Club Research Center, MMC 284, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease & International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MTRF 3-222, 2001 6th Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Boulware
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001102:Arbovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001181:Arthropods; D006801:Humans; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057147:Mosquito Nets; D011481:Protective Clothing
chemical_list: D007302:Insect Repellents
keywords: Arthropod bites; DEET; Mosquitoes; Personal protection measures; Repellants; Ticks; Travelers