title: Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in patients with liver metastases from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC).
abstract: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common type of thyroid cancer (TC) and accounts for approximately 10% of all TC cases. Liver metastases are a rare presentation in 0.5-1% of follicular thyroid cancers, usually occurring in the setting of widely disseminated FTC disease, and their presence is associated with poor prognosis. Until now, there have been only 30 cases of FTC liver metastases described in the literature. Herein, we review publications and describe diagnostic tools that may be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of FTC metastases to the liver, including biopsy and imaging techniques like US, CT, MRI, SPECT, PET, and radioiodine scintigraphy. We also present and discuss current methods of treatment, e.g. TSH suppressive therapy with levothyroxine, surgery, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), transarterial embolisation (TAE), liver transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE), chemotherapy with cisplatin and doxorubicin, treatment with Indium- 111-octreotide (or its analogues), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (sorafenib, sunitinib). At the end we describe the course, results of diagnostics, and treatment in a patient with large multiple FTC metastases to the liver. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 332-347).
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kałużna
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gołąb
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Czepczyński
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dworacki
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bręborowicz
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orłowski
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katulska
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klimowicz
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gryczyńska
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruchała
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland. kaziem@ump.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ziemnicka
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC); follicular thyroid cancer (FTC); liver metastases; positron emission tomography (PET); whole body scintigraphy (WBS)