title: Molecular Characterization of Wild Type Measles Virus from Adult Patients in Northern China, 2014.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we studied the N and H genes from wild type measles viruses (MeVs) isolated during the 2013-2014 outbreak.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical samples were collected, and the genotyping, phylogenetic analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The vaccination rate of the study population was 4%. Genotype H1a was the predominant genotype. Wild type viruses were classified into clusters A and B, C and may have different origins. N-450 sequences from wild type viruses were highly homologous with, and likely evolved from MeVs circulating in Tianjing and Henan in 2012. MVs/Shenyang.CHN/18.14/3 could have evolved from MeVs from Liaoning, Beijing, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, and Tianjin. Our data suggested that one or more of the same viruses circulated between Beijing, Shenyang, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Berlin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Important factors contributing to outbreaks could include weak vaccination coverage, poor vaccination strategies, and migration of adult workers between cities, countries, and from rural areas to urban areas.
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang, 110006 Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Xiang
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: En-Qiang
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang, 110006 Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang, 110006 Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China. Electronic address: cww302@126.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Military Hospital of China, 100039 Beijing, China. Electronic address: drzhaomin@sina.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014611:Vaccination
keywords: Genotype; Measles; Migration; Molecular epidemiology; Phylogenetic analysis; Vaccination