title: Plasma Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Lard Functionalized with Mushroom Extracts Is Independent of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 Protein and ABC Sterol Transporter Gene Expression in Hypercholesterolemic Mice.
abstract: Interest in food matrices supplemented with mushrooms as hypocholesterolemic functional foods is increasing. This study was to (i) investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of lard functionalized with mushroom extracts (LF) including fungal β-glucans, water-soluble polysaccharides, or ergosterol and (ii) examine the LF influence on transcriptional mechanisms involved in cholesterol metabolism. mRNA levels of 17 cholesterol-related genes were evaluated in jejunum, cecum, and liver of high cholesterol-fed mice. The four tested LFs decreased plasma cholesterol by 22-42%, HDLc by 18-40%, and LDLc by 27-51%, and two of them increased mRNA levels of jejunal Npc1l1 and Abcg5 and hepatic Npc1l1. mRNA levels of other cholesterol-related genes were unchanged. These findings suggest that LF may have potential as a dietary supplement for counteracting diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and could be a source for the development of novel cholesterol-lowering functional foods. However, the cholesterol-lowering effect was unrelated to transcriptional changes, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms could be involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ) , Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Caz
authors.affiliation: Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, CIAL - Research Institute in Food Science (UAM+CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ) , Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santamaría
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ) , Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabernero
authors.affiliation: Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, CIAL - Research Institute in Food Science (UAM+CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soler-Rivas
authors.affiliation: IMDEA Food Institute, Pabellón Central del Antiguo Hospital de Cantoblanco (Edificio 7) , Crta. de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, CIAL - Research Institute in Food Science (UAM+CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.affiliation: Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, CIAL - Research Institute in Food Science (UAM+CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.|IMDEA Food Institute, Pabellón Central del Antiguo Hospital de Cantoblanco (Edificio 7) , Crta. de Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reglero
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ) , Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlota
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Largo
mesh_terms: D000071018:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: C462600:ABCG5 protein, mouse; D000071018:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008074:Lipoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C482445:Npc1l1 protein, mouse; D047071:beta-Glucans; D002784:Cholesterol; C029310:lard
keywords: cholesterol; ergosterol; functional food; nutraceutical; polysaccharides; β-glucans