title: Novel customized template designing for patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: Due to the irregular shape of patella and difficulty in identifying its bony landmarks, it can be a challenge for surgeons to accurately and symmetrically perform patellar resurfacing. Three-dimensional (3D) models of 20 patellae were generated from computed tomographic images. Using a computer-assisted preoperative planning technique, customized template designs were developed to guide patellar resurfacing. The patellar models and corresponding templates were produced through rapid prototyping. The accuracy of this technique was assessed after applying the templates on patellar models and cadaver specimens, respectively. Using preoperative planning and predesigned templates, a significant improvement in symmetric patellar resurfacing, with a mean angle of 1.21° mediolateral (ML) obliquity and 1.95° superoinferior (SI) obliquity, was observed compared with the conventional sawguide technique (mean angle of ML and SI was 4.13°, 4.95°, respectively). Additionally, the use of customized templates reproduced the desired preplanned patellar resection. Preoperative planning with 3D imaging and customized templates improved the accuracy of patellar resurfacing in terms of the obliquity and thickness.
  
  
  
  A novel customized template designed for patellar resectioning will benefit surgeons in performing patellar resurfacing. This technique will provide accurate patellar resurfacing in clinical practice. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1798-1803, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ai-Bing
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Song
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China. meyqyang@scut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yong-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. yujiakuo@126.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Kuo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010329:Patella / Q000601:surgery*; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted
keywords: computer-assisted surgery; patellar resurfacing; preoperative planning; rapid prototyping; template