title: TLRs of Our Fathers.
abstract: Two new studies published in The American Journal of Human Genetics (Dannemann et al., 2016; Deschamps et al., 2016) show that introgression of innate immune genes from Neandertals and Denisovans contributed to the modern genome of European and Asian, but not African, populations, and this might partly explain differences in susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: mihai.netea@radboudumc.nl.
authors.forename: Mihai G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Netea
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Leo A B
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Joosten
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D059125:Neanderthals / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors