title: Copper toxicology, oxidative stress and inflammation using zebrafish as experimental model.
abstract: Copper is an essential micronutrient and a key catalytic cofactor in a wide range of enzymes. As a trace element, copper levels are tightly regulated and both its deficit and excess are deleterious to the organism. Under inflammatory conditions, serum copper levels are increased and trigger oxidative stress responses that activate inflammatory responses. Interestingly, copper dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress and inflammation are commonly present in several chronic diseases. Copper exposure can be easily modeled in zebrafish; a consolidated model in toxicology with increasing interest in immunity-related research. As a result of developmental, economical and genetic advantages, this freshwater teleost is uniquely suitable for chemical and genetic large-scale screenings, representing a powerful experimental tool for a whole-organism approach, mechanistic studies, disease modeling and beyond. Copper toxicological and more recently pro-inflammatory effects have been investigated in both larval and adult zebrafish with breakthrough findings. Here, we provide an overview of copper metabolism in health and disease and its effects on oxidative stress and inflammation responses in zebrafish models. Copper-induced inflammation is highlighted owing to its potential to easily mimic pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory features that combined with zebrafish genetic tractability could help further in the understanding of copper metabolism, inflammatory responses and related diseases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.|Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
authors.forename: Talita Carneiro Brandão
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.|Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Martha
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.|Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.|Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maurício Reis
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bogo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003300:Copper
keywords: ChIn assay; copper; copper-induced inflammation; inflammation; oxidative stress; zebrafish