title: A novel endoscopic fluorescent band ligation method for tumor localization.
abstract: Accurate tumor localization is essential for minimally invasive surgery. This study describes the development of a novel endoscopic fluorescent band ligation method for the rapid and accurate identification of tumor sites during surgery.
  
  
  
  The method utilized a fluorescent rubber band, made of indocyanine green (ICG) and a liquid rubber solution mixture, as well as a near-infrared fluorescence laparoscopic system with a dual light source using a high-powered light-emitting diode (LED) and a 785-nm laser diode. The fluorescent rubber bands were endoscopically placed on the mucosae of porcine stomachs and colons. During subsequent conventional laparoscopic stomach and colon surgery, the fluorescent bands were assayed using the near-infrared fluorescence laparoscopy system.
  
  
  
  The locations of the fluorescent clips were clearly identified on the fluorescence images in real time. The system was able to distinguish the two or three bands marked on the mucosal surfaces of the stomach and colon. Resection margins around the fluorescent bands were sufficient in the resected specimens obtained during stomach and colon surgery.
  
  
  
  These novel endoscopic fluorescent bands could be rapidly and accurately localized during stomach and colon surgery. Use of these bands may make possible the excision of exact target sites during minimally invasive gastrointestinal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging and Therapy Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Gi
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Rae
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging and Therapy Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunup
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging and Therapy Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging and Therapy Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yongdoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea. gsgabal@ncc.re.kr.|Biomedical Engineering Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea. gsgabal@ncc.re.kr.
authors.forename: Dae Kyung
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sohn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000601:surgery*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D061848:Optical Imaging; D012408:Rubber; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D012408:Rubber; D007208:Indocyanine Green
keywords: Endoscopy; Fluorescence; Minimal invasive surgery; Tumor localization