title: CORRELATION OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHIC HYPERREFLECTIVE FOCI WITH VISUAL OUTCOMES IN DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the correlation between the hyperreflective foci (HF) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography at the baseline and visual outcomes after intravitreal bevacizumab injections in different patterns of diabetic macular edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 97 eyes (80 patients) with diabetic macular edema that were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injection. The eyes were categorized into three groups by optical coherence tomographic features: diffuse retinal thickening, cystoid macular edema, and serous retinal detachment. The baseline and final best-corrected visual acuity, foveal thickness, the number of HF, and status of the external limiting membrane and the ellipsoid zone were evaluated and compared among the three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of HF in all retinal layers was reduced in patients with diabetic macular edema after treatment. In multivariate regression analysis, the final visual acuity was associated with baseline visual acuity (P = 0.004) and number of outer retinal HF (P = 0.004) in the diffuse retinal thickening group, baseline visual acuity (P = 0.002) and number of outer retinal HF (P < 0.001) in the cystoid macular edema group, and baseline number of inner and outer retinal HF (P = 0.041, P = 0.025, respectively) in the serous retinal detachment group. The baseline number of the outer retinal HF was correlated with the final visual acuity, ellipsoid zone disruption length, and external limiting membrane disruption length in all three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of HF in outer retinal layer on spectral domain optical coherence tomography at baseline might predict the final visual acuity in all three patterns of diabetic macular edema groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyewon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chan Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012160:Retina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab