title: Differential response properties of peripherally and cortically evoked swallows by electrical stimulation in anesthetized rats.
abstract: We compared onset latency, motor-response patterns, and the effect of electrical stimulation of the cortical masticatory area between peripherally and cortically evoked swallows by electrical stimulation in anesthetized rats. The number of swallows and the motor patterns were determined using electromyographic recordings from the thyrohyoid, digastric, and masseter muscles. The onset latency of the first swallow evoked by electrical stimulation of the cortical swallowing area (Cx) was significantly longer than that evoked by stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN). The duration of thyrohyoid burst activity associated with SLN-evoked swallows was significantly longer than that associated with either Cx-evoked or spontaneous swallows. Combining Cx with SLN stimulation increased the number of swallows at low levels of SLN stimulation. Finally, A-area (the orofacial motor cortex) stimulation inhibited Cx-evoked swallows significantly more than it inhibited SLN-evoked swallows. These findings suggest that peripherally and cortically evoked swallows have different response properties and are affected differently by the mastication network.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan. Electronic address: tsujimura@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujimura
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Kojun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Magara
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Anatomy, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nozawa-Inoue
authors.affiliation: Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D007823:Laryngeal Nerves / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Cortical masticatory area; Cortical swallowing area; Insula; Rat; Superior laryngeal nerve; Swallowing