title: Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure on Expression Profiles of In Vitro Produced Vitrified Bovine Blastocysts.
abstract: High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has been used to pre-condition embryos before essential, yet potentially detrimental procedures such as cryopreservation. However, the mechanisms for HHP are poorly understood. We treated bovine blastocysts with three different HHP (40, 60 and 80 MPa) in combination with three recovery periods (0, 1 h, 2 h post HHP). Re-expansion rates were significantly higher at 40 and 60 but lower at 80 MPa after vitrification-warming in the treated groups than controls. Microarray analysis revealed 399 differentially expressed transcripts, representing 254 unique genes, among different groups. Gene ontology analysis indicated that HHP at 40 and 60 MPa promoted embryo competence through down-regulation of genes in cell death and apoptosis, and up-regulation of genes in RNA processing, cellular growth and proliferation. In contrast, 80 MPa up-regulated genes in apoptosis, and down-regulated protein folding and cell cycle-related genes. Moreover, gene expression was also influenced by the length of the recovery time after HHP. The significantly over-represented categories were apoptosis and cell death in the 1 h group, and protein folding, response to unfolded protein and cell cycle in the 2 h group compared to 0 h. Taken together, HHP promotes competence of vitrified bovine blastocysts through modest transcriptional changes.
authors.affiliation: Center for Regenerative Biology, Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticcut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA.|State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China, 510005.
authors.forename: Zongliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China, 510005.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center for Regenerative Biology, Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticcut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA.|Department of Biology, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, Connecticut 06050, USA.
authors.forename: Sadie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Marjani
authors.affiliation: Center for Regenerative Biology, Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticcut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Joonghoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Herd Health, University of Veterinary Science, Istvan u. 2. 1078 Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pribenszky
authors.affiliation: Center for Regenerative Biology, Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticcut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Xiuchun Cindy
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D063990:Gene Ontology; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059467:Transcriptome; D058989:Vitrification