title: Evolution of rational vaccine designs for genital herpes immunotherapy.
abstract: Immunotherapeutic vaccines have emerged as a novel treatment modality for genital herpes, a sexually transmitted disease mainly caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. The approaches to identify potential vaccine antigens have evolved from classic virus attenuation and characterization of antibody and T cell responses in exposed, but seronegative individuals, to systematic screens for novel T cell antigens. Combined with implementation of novel vaccine concepts revolving around immune evasion and local recruitment of immune effectors, the development of a safe and effective therapeutic vaccine is within reach. Here, we describe the vaccine approaches that currently show promise at clinical and pre-clinical stages and link them to the evolving scientific strategies that led to their identification.
authors.affiliation: Genocea Biosciences Inc., Cambridge Discovery Park, 100 Acorn Park Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA. Electronic address: johanna.kaufmann@genocea.com.
authors.forename: Johanna Katharina
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.affiliation: Genocea Biosciences Inc., Cambridge Discovery Park, 100 Acorn Park Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica Baker
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Flechtner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015195:Drug Design; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins