title: The Cytolytic Amphipathic β(2,2)-Amino Acid LTX-401 Induces DAMP Release in Melanoma Cells and Causes Complete Regression of B16 Melanoma.
abstract: In the present study we examined the ability of the amino acid derivative LTX-401 to induce cell death in cancer cell lines, as well as the capacity to induce regression in a murine melanoma model. Mode of action studies in vitro revealed lytic cell death and release of danger-associated molecular pattern molecules, preceded by massive cytoplasmic vacuolization and compromised lysosomes in treated cells. The use of a murine melanoma model demonstrated that the majority of animals treated with intratumoural injections of LTX-401 showed complete and long-lasting remission. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of LTX-401 as an immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Inflammation Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Liv-Marie
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Eike
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Inflammation Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Brynjar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mauseth
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Inflammation Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Ketil André
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Camilio
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Inflammation Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.|Lytix Biopharma, Gaustad Alléen, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Øystein
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Rekdal
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Inflammation Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.|Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Baldur
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sveinbjørnsson
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051381:Rats; D012074:Remission Induction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015091:beta-Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003603:Cytotoxins; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C582808:HMGB1 protein, mouse; C000609215:LTX-401; D015091:beta-Alanine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D045304:Cytochromes c