title: Small-molecule PSMA ligands. Current state, SAR and perspectives.
abstract: Prostate cancer (PC) is the prevalent malignancy widespread among men in the Western World. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an established PC marker and has been considered as a promising biological target for anti-PC drug delivery and diagnostics. The protein was found to be overexpressed in PC cells, including metastatic, and the neovasculature of solid tumors. These properties make PSMA-based approach quite appropriate for effective PC imaging and specific drug therapy. Through the past decade, a variety of PSMA-targeted agents has been systematically evaluated. Small-molecule compounds have several advantages over other classes, such as improved pharmacokinetics and rapid blood clearance. These low-weight ligands have similar structure and can be divided into three basic categories in accordance with the type of their zinc-binding core-head. Several PSMA binders are currently undergoing clinical trials generally for PC imaging. The main goal of the present review is to describe the recent progress achieved within the title field and structure activity relationships (SAR) disclosed for different PSMA ligands. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies for each type of the compounds described have also been briefly summarized.
authors.affiliation: a Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept, Leninskie Gory , Moscow , Russian Federation ;|b National University of Science and Technology MISiS , Moscow , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Alexey E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Machulkin
authors.affiliation: a Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept, Leninskie Gory , Moscow , Russian Federation ;|b National University of Science and Technology MISiS , Moscow , Russian Federation ;|c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Dolgoprudny City , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Yan A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Ivanenkov
authors.affiliation: c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Dolgoprudny City , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Anastasia V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Aladinskaya
authors.affiliation: c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Dolgoprudny City , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Veselov
authors.affiliation: c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Dolgoprudny City , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Vladimir A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Aladinskiy
authors.affiliation: a Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept, Leninskie Gory , Moscow , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Elena K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Beloglazkina
authors.affiliation: a Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept, Leninskie Gory , Moscow , Russian Federation ;|d Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology "Scoltech" , Novaya , Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Victor E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Koteliansky
authors.affiliation: c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Dolgoprudny City , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Artem G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Shakhbazyan
authors.affiliation: c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Dolgoprudny City , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Yuri B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Sandulenko
authors.affiliation: a Moscow State University, Chemistry Dept, Leninskie Gory , Moscow , Russian Federation ;|b National University of Science and Technology MISiS , Moscow , Russian Federation ;
authors.forename: Alexander G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Majouga
mesh_terms: D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008024:Ligands; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II
keywords: Drug delivery; glutamate carboxypeptidase II; inhibitors; prostate cancer