title: The Potential Biomarkers to Identify the Development of Steatosis in Hyperuricemia.
abstract: Hyperuricemia (HU) often progresses to combine with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the clinical scenario, which further exacerbates metabolic disorders; early detection of biomarkers, if obtained during the HU progression, may be beneficial for preventing its combination with NAFLD. This study aimed to decipher the biomarkers and mechanisms of the development of steatosis in HU. Four groups of subjects undergoing health screening, including healthy subjects, subjects with HU, subjects with HU combined with NAFLD (HU+NAFLD) and subjects with HU initially and then with HU+NAFLD one year later (HU→HU+NAFLD), were recruited in this study. The metabolic profiles of all subjects' serum were analyzed by liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The metabolomic data from subjects with HU and HU+NAFLD were compared, and the biomarkers for the progression from HU to HU+NAFLD were predicted. The metabolomic data from HU→HU+NAFLD subjects were collected for further verification. The results showed that the progression was associated with disturbances of phospholipase metabolism, purine nucleotide degradation and Liver X receptor/retinoic X receptor activation as characterized by up-regulated phosphatidic acid, cholesterol ester (18:0) and down-regulated inosine. These metabolic alterations may be at least partially responsible for the development of steatosis in HU. This study provides a new paradigm for better understanding and further prevention of disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xinru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xuyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoxiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xianpeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.|Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.|E-Institutes of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Aiping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers