title: Vascular complications in diabetes: Microparticles and microparticle associated microRNAs as active players.
abstract: The recognition of the importance of diabetes in vascular disease has greatly increased lately. Common risk factors for diabetes-related vascular disease include hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, hypercoagulability, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. All of these factors contribute to the endothelial dysfunction which generates the diabetic complications, both macro and microvascular. Knowledge of diabetes-related vascular complications and of associated mechanisms it is becoming increasingly important for therapists. The discovery of microparticles (MPs) and their associated microRNAs (miRNAs) have opened new perspectives capturing the attention of basic and clinical scientists for their potential to become new therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers. MPs known as submicron vesicles generated from membranes of apoptotic or activated cells into circulation have the ability to act as autocrine and paracrine effectors in cell-to-cell communication. They operate as biological vectors modulating the endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, coagulation, angiogenesis, thrombosis, subsequently contributing to the progression of macro and microvascular complications in diabetes. More recently, miRNAs have started to be actively investigated, leading to first exciting reports, which suggest their significant role in vascular physiology and disease. The contribution of MPs and also of their associated miRNAs to the development of vascular complications in diabetes was largely unexplored and undiscussed. In essence, with this review we bring light upon the understanding of impact diabetes has on vascular biology, and the significant role of MPs and MPs associated miRNAs as novel mediators, potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in vascular complications in diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, 8, BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania. Electronic address: nicoleta.alexandru@icbp.ro.
authors.forename: Nicoleta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alexandru
authors.affiliation: (')Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Internal Medicine Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Elisabeta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Badila
authors.affiliation: (')Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Internal Medicine Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, (')Titu Maiorescu' University, Bucharest, Romania; General Surgery Clinic, CF 2 Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cochior
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stępień
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, 8, BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania. Electronic address: adriana.georgescu@icbp.ro.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Georgescu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Diabetes; MicroRNAs; Microparticles; Vascular complications