title: Speckle Tracking Based Strain Analysis Is Sensitive for Early Detection of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy.
abstract: Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathological process of many cardiac diseases. However, early detection of cardiac hypertrophy is difficult by the currently used non-invasive method and new approaches are in urgent need for efficient diagnosis of cardiac malfunction. Here we report that speckle tracking-based strain analysis is more sensitive than conventional echocardiography for early detection of pathological cardiac hypertrophy in the isoproterenol (ISO) mouse model. Pathological hypertrophy was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of ISO. Physiological cardiac hypertrophy was established by daily treadmill exercise for six weeks. Strain analysis, including radial strain (RS), radial strain rate (RSR) and longitudinal strain (LS), showed marked decrease as early as 3 days after ISO injection. Moreover, unlike the regional changes in cardiac infarction, strain analysis revealed global cardiac dysfunction that affects the entire heart in ISO-induced hypertrophy. In contrast, conventional echocardiography, only detected altered E/E', an index reflecting cardiac diastolic function, at 7 days after ISO injection. No change was detected on fractional shortening (FS), E/A and E'/A' at 3 days or 7 days after ISO injection. Interestingly, strain analysis revealed cardiac dysfunction only in ISO-induced pathological hypertrophy but not the physiological hypertrophy induced by exercise. Taken together, our study indicates that strain analysis offers a more sensitive approach for early detection of cardiac dysfunction than conventional echocardiography. Moreover, multiple strain readouts distinguish pathological cardiac hypertrophy from physiological hypertrophy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Xiangbo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Zhizhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Youyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptide, Ministry of Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007545:Isoproterenol; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D007545:Isoproterenol