title: Association between amount of sleep, daytime sleepiness and health-related quality of life in schoolchildren.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the association between amount of sleep and daytime sleepiness and health-related quality of life in schoolchildren during adolescence and to study the effect of age on this association.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Sufficient sleep is essential for the health of children and adolescents. Sleep influences almost all dimensions of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 5-year prospective follow-up study (2004-2010) following 568 Finnish schoolchildren aged between 10-15.
  
  
  METHODS
  The amount of sleep and perceived daytime sleepiness were assessed by a special questionnaire added to The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children questionnaire. The Finnish version of the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory was used to assess health-related quality of life. The data were collected in 2004, 2006 and 2009/2010. Data were analysed with hierarchical linear mixed models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The more daytime sleepiness occurred, the lower the health-related quality of life was and similar linear association was seen in every age group. The amount of sleep was significantly positively linearly associated with health-related quality of life but not persistent across age groups. Positive association was significant at 15 years of age but not at other age groups. Similar linear association between daytime sleepiness and school-related sub scores was also found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sufficient sleep is essential for health-related quality of life and should be protected and measured in the school health service.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Marja-Liisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.affiliation: Turku University of Applied Sciences, Health and Well-being, Finland.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laaksonen
authors.affiliation: Policlinic for Children and Adolescents, City of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aromaa
authors.affiliation: Department of Teacher Education, Turku Unit, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asanti
authors.affiliation: Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Olli J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Teacher Education, Rauma Unit, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Pasi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koski
authors.affiliation: University Consortium of Seinäjoki, School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koivusilta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Eliisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Löyttyniemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Sakari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suominen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Science, and Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salanterä
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012890:Sleep; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: HRQL; adolescent; child; daytime sleepiness; health-related quality of life; nursing; school children; sleep