title: Expression of PTEN and β-Catenin and Their Relationship With Clinicopathological and Prognostic Factors in Endometrioid Type Endometrial Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate rates of expression of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) and β-catenin and their relationship with clinicopathological and prognostic factors in endometrioid type endometrial cancer (EC).
  
  
  METHODS
  PTEN and β-catenin expressions of 59 operated patients with EC between January 2000 and December 2008 and followed-up until December 2014 in Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Gynecologic Oncology Division, were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical data were obtained from patient files, and pathological data were obtained from pathology records. Each patient had 4 paraffin sections of tumoral tissue. These sections were stained by immunohistochemical methods. Clinical features and postoperative histopathologic findings were analyzed using Fisher exact test or the χ(2) test as appropriate. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate the survival curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During median follow-up of 102 months, tumor recurrence and disease-related mortality were observed in 10 (16.9%) and 7 (11.9%) cases, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of PTEN and β-catenin were positive in 61% and 69.5% of all cases, respectively. Positive staining of PTEN was positively correlated with myometrial invasion (P= 0.02). There was no correlation between β-catenin and clinicopathological factors. PTEN or β-catenin positivity were not significant prognostic factors for 5-year overall survival (P = 0.37, P = 0.62, respectively) and 5-year disease-free survival (P = 0.28, P = 0.58, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTEN and β-catenin expressions cannot be used to determine prognosis in patients with EC as PTEN and β-catenin staining status were found to have no significant effect on 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival. Positive staining of PTEN may be associated with increased myometrial invasion. Meta-analyses and broader studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic value of PTEN and β-catenin in EC.
authors.affiliation: *Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty; †Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital; ‡Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; and §Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Veysel
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sal
authors.forename: Fuat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Demirkiran
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Erenel
authors.forename: Nedim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tokgozoglu
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kahramanoglu
authors.forename: Tugan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bese
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Nigar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sofiyeva
authors.forename: Zerrin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Calay
authors.forename: Macit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arvas
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Guralp
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051176:beta Catenin; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human