title: Early postnatal feed restriction reduces liver connective tissue levels and affects H3K9 acetylation state of regulated genes associated with protein metabolism in low birth weight pigs.
abstract: Intrauterine growth retardation is associated with metabolic consequences in adulthood. Since our previous data indicate birth weight-dependent effects of feed restriction (R) on protein degradation processes in the liver, it should be investigated whether effects on connective tissue turnover are obvious and could be explained by global changes of histone H3K9me3 and H3K9ac states in regulated genes. For this purpose, female littermate pigs with low (U) or normal (N) birth weight were subjected to 3-week R (60% of ad libitum fed controls) with subsequent refeeding (REF) for further 5 weeks. The 3-week R-period induced a significant reduction of connective tissue area by 43% in the liver of U animals at 98 d of age, which was not found in age-matched N animals. Of note, after REF at 131 d of age, in previously feed-restricted U animals (UR), the percentage of mean connective tissue was only 53% of ad libitum fed controls (UK), indicating a persistent effect. In U animals, R induced H3K9 acetylation of regulated genes (e.g. XBP1, ERLEC1, GALNT2, PTRH2), which were inter alia associated with protein metabolism. In contrast, REF was mostly accompanied by deacetylation in U and N animals. Thus, our epigenetic data may give a first explanation for the observed birth weight-dependent differences in this connective tissue phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nebendahl
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Solvig
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Görs
authors.affiliation: Institute for Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Ricarda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.affiliation: Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Food Science, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Harald M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hammon
authors.affiliation: Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Food Science, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rimbach
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. Electronic address: metges@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
authors.forename: Cornelia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Metges
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001724:Birth Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D011506:Proteins
keywords: Connective liver tissue; Epigenetics; Gene expression; H3K9ac; H3K9me3; IUGR