title: Workplace Discrimination: An Additional Stressor for Internationally Educated Nurses.
abstract: Discrimination against internationally educated nurses (IENs) remains a seldom-explored topic in the United States. Yet, the literature describing experiences of IENs indicates that some do experience workplace discrimination as an additional workplace stressor. IENs view this discrimination as an obstacle to career advancement and professional recognition. Consequences of workplace discrimination affect IENs' physical and psychological well being, the quality of patient care, and healthcare organizational costs. In anticipation of future nursing shortages, understanding and minimizing workplace discrimination will benefit nurses, patients, and healthcare organizations. In this article the author addresses motivation and challenges associated with international nurse migration and immigration, relates these challenges to Roy's theoretical framework, describes workplace discrimination, and reviews both consequences of and evidence for workplace discrimination. Next, she considers the significance of this discrimination for healthcare agencies, and approaches for decreasing stress for IENs during their transition process. She concludes that workplace discrimination has a negative, multifaceted effect on both professional nursing and healthcare organizations. Support measures developed to promote mutual respect among all nurses are presented.
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Baptiste
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016294:Models, Nursing; D064700:Nurses, International / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D063505:Racism / Q000523:psychology; D063508:Social Discrimination / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D014481:United States; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*