title: Simvastatin ameliorates renal lipidosis through the suppression of renal CXCL16 expression in mice with adriamycin-induced nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the roles of CXCL16 and ox-LDL in adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy mice and to explore the mechanism of simvastatin on the renal protective effects of ADR nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into normal control (NC), ADR nephropathy and simvastatin-treated ADR nephropathy (ADR-SIM) groups. ADR nephropathy was induced by a single intravenous injection of ADR into the tail vein. All mice were sacrificed at the end of the 7th week, with the blood, 24-h urine and kidneys collected. The levels of ox-LDL and total cholesterol in the serum, the serum CXCL16, ox-LDL and NF-κB expression were detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the NC group, the levels of serum total cholesterol and ox-LDL in the ADR and ADR-SIM groups were significantly higher, the level of serum albumin was significantly lower and the expression of CXCL16, ox-LDL and NF-κB in the renal tissue of ADR and ADR-SIM groups was significantly increased. Compared with the ADR group, the expressions of renal CXCL16, ox-LDL and NF-κB in the ADR-SIM group were significantly decreased. Levels of serum total cholesterol and ox-LDL were not significantly different between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Simvastatin exerts a protective effect on renal function and structure in mice with ADR nephropathy. The beneficial effects of simvastatin might be related to the decreasing expression of CXCL16 in glomerular podocytes followed by the decreasing endocytosis of ox-LDL in podocytes and inhibition of NF-κB pathway activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatism and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatism and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatism and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yihuai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatism and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Shuzhen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000075743:Chemokine CXCL16; D054427:Chemokine CXCL6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004317:Doxorubicin; D004705:Endocytosis; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008064:Lipidoses / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000075743:Chemokine CXCL16; D054427:Chemokine CXCL6; C498926:Cxcl16 protein, mouse; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D016328:NF-kappa B; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002784:Cholesterol; D019821:Simvastatin
keywords: Balb/c mice; CXCL16; adriamycin; nephropathy; ox-LDL; simvastatin