title: Metabolomics Study of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery (RYGB) to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Patients Based on Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most effective treatments for long-term weight loss and diabetes remission; however, the mechanisms underlying these changes are not clearly understood. In this study, the serum metabolic profiles of 23 remission and 12 nonremission patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were measured at baseline, 6- and 12-months after RYGB. A metabolomics analysis was performed based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clinical improvements in insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism, and inflammation were related to metabolic alterations of free fatty acids (FFAs), acylcarnitines, amino acids, bile acids, and lipids species. Differential metabolic profiles were observed between the two T2DM subgroups, and patients with severity fat accumulation and oxidation stress may be more suitable for RYGB. Baseline levels of tryptophan, bilirubin, and indoxyl sulfate measured prior to surgery as well as levels of FFA 16:0, FFA 18:3, FFA 17:2, and hippuric acid measured at 6 months after surgery best predicted the suitability and efficacy of RYGB for patients with T2DM. These metabolites represent potential biomarkers that may be clinically helpful in individualized treatment for T2DM patients by RYGB.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus , Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Haoyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Xinjie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus , Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Yuqian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: National Institutes of Health , National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Surgical Neurology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Pin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus , Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Yinfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Peiyuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus , Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: National Institutes of Health , National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Surgical Neurology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.
authors.forename: Zhengping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus , Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Guowang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006626:Hippurates / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007200:Indican / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D015415:Biomarkers; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006626:Hippurates; C116917:acylcarnitine; D014364:Tryptophan; D007200:Indican; D001663:Bilirubin; D002331:Carnitine; C030514:hippuric acid
keywords: RYGB; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; diabetes; metabolic profiling; metabolomics