title: Large-Scale Survey of Intraspecific Fitness and Cell Morphology Variation in a Protoploid Yeast Species.
abstract: It is now clear that the exploration of the genetic and phenotypic diversity of nonmodel species greatly improves our knowledge in biology. In this context, we recently launched a population genomic analysis of the protoploid yeast Lachancea kluyveri (formerly Saccharomyces kluyveri), highlighting a broad genetic diversity (π = 17 × 10(-3)) compared to the yeast model organism, S. cerevisiae (π = 4 × 10(-3)). Here, we sought to generate a comprehensive view of the phenotypic diversity in this species. In total, 27 natural L. kluyveri isolates were subjected to trait profiling using the following independent approaches: (i) analyzing growth in 55 growth conditions and (ii) investigating 501 morphological changes at the cellular level. Despite higher genetic diversity, the fitness variance observed in L. kluyveri is lower than that in S. cerevisiae However, morphological features show an opposite trend. In addition, there is no correlation between the origins (ecological or geographical) of the isolate and the phenotypic patterns, demonstrating that trait variation follows neither population history nor source environment in L. kluyveri Finally, pairwise comparisons between growth rate correlation and genetic diversity show a clear decrease in phenotypic variability linked to genome variation increase, whereas no such a trend was identified for morphological changes. Overall, this study reveals for the first time the phenotypic diversity of a distantly related species to S. cerevisiae Given its genetic properties, L. kluyveri might be useful in further linkage mapping analyses of complex traits, and could ultimately provide a better insight into the evolution of the genotype-phenotype relationship across yeast species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, University of Strasbourg - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7156, 67083 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Paul P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, University of Strasbourg - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7156, 67083 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Anastasie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sigwalt
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohnuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, University of Strasbourg - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7156, 67083 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Jacky
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Montigny
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Chiba, Japan schacherer@unistra.fr ohya@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, University of Strasbourg - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7156, 67083 Strasbourg, France schacherer@unistra.fr ohya@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schacherer
mesh_terms: D048430:Cell Shape / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004777:Environment; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D056084:Genetic Fitness; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D014644:Genetic Variation; D010641:Phenotype; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013045:Species Specificity; D015003:Yeasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
keywords: cell morphology; fitness; genetic diversity; phenotypes; yeast