title: Selenoprotein R Protects Human Lens Epithelial Cells against D-Galactose-Induced Apoptosis by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.
abstract: Selenium is an essential micronutrient for humans. Much of selenium's beneficial influence on health is attributed to its presence within 25 selenoproteins. Selenoprotein R (SelR), known as methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (MsrB1), is a selenium-dependent enzyme that, like other Msrs, is required for lens cell viability. In order to investigate the roles of SelR in protecting human lens epithelial (hLE) cells against damage, the influences of SelR gene knockdown on d-galactose-induced apoptosis in hLE cells were studied. The results showed that both d-galactose and SelR gene knockdown by siRNA independently induced oxidative stress. When SelR-gene-silenced hLE cells were exposed to d-galactose, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) protein level was further increased, mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased and accompanied by a release of mitochondrial cytochrome c. At the same time, the apoptosis cells percentage and the caspase-3 activity were visibly elevated in hLE cells. These results suggested that SelR might protect hLE cell mitochondria and mitigating apoptosis in hLE cells against oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by d-galactose, implying that selenium as a micronutrient may play important roles in hLE cells.
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China. daijiehust@163.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China. hongmeiliuhust@hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China. hustzhj@hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, China. hxxzrf@mail.hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Kaixun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005690:Galactose / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D020868:Gene Silencing; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000166:cytology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051150:Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D045304:Cytochromes c; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D051150:Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases; D053148:Caspase 3; D005690:Galactose
keywords: apoptosis; d-galactose; endoplasmic reticulum stress; lens epithelial cells; mitochondrial membrane potential; oxidative stress; selenoprotein R