title: Hydration: The New FIFA World Cup's Challenge for Referee Decision Making?
abstract: Various continental sporting events have exposed team sports referees to different environmental conditions. Several studies have focused on strategies to prevent athlete performance impairment induced by heat or warm (or both) conditions, but few authors have investigated the effect of heat on referees' performance. In a thermoneutral environment, referees' physical activity induced mild 2.0% dehydration, which was responsible for reductions in physical, psychomotor, and cognitive performances. Therefore, the hydration status of referees should be taken into account to reduce referees' errors and misjudgments in the heat.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptation à l'Effort, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France;|Université de Djibouti, Djibouti City;
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houssein
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptation à l'Effort, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France;
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fagnoni
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptation à l'Effort, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France;
authors.forename: Said
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmaidi
authors.affiliation: Université de Djibouti, Djibouti City;
authors.forename: Soubère Mahamoud
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yonis
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptation à l'Effort, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France;
authors.forename: Pierre-Marie
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Leprêtre
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition; D003657:Decision Making; D003681:Dehydration / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D012916:Soccer / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Laws of the Game; error in judgment; heat; team sports