title: Nutritional therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
abstract: Following the epidemics of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of liver disease in western countries. NAFLD is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, there are no approved drugs for the treatment of NAFLD, and the main clinical recommendation is lifestyle modification, including increase of physical activity and the adoption of a healthy eating behavior. In this regard, studies aimed to elucidate the effect of dietary interventions and the mechanisms of action of specific food bioactives are urgently needed. The present review tries to summarize the most recent data evidencing the effects of nutrients and dietary bioactive compounds intake (i.e., long-chain PUFA, Vitamin E, Vitamin D, minerals and polyphenols) on the modulation of molecular mechanisms leading to fat accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammation and liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dongiovanni
authors.affiliation: Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lanti
authors.affiliation: Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy. Electronic address: Patrizia.riso@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riso
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valenti
mesh_terms: D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000178:diet therapy*
keywords: Animal models; Clinical trials; Food bioactives; In vitro studies; Molecular mechanisms; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)