title: Effect of powdered activated carbon on integrated submerged membrane bioreactor-nanofiltration process for wastewater reclamation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on the overall performance of a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) system integrated with nanofiltration (NF) for wastewater reclamation. It was found that the trans-membrane pressure of SMBR increased continuously while that of the SMBR with PAC was more stable, mainly because water could still pass through the PACs and membrane even though foulants adhered on the PAC surface. The presence of PAC was able to mitigate fouling in SMBR as well as in NF. SMBR-NF with PAC obtained a higher flux of 8.1 LMH compared to that without PAC (6.6 LMH). In addition, better permeate quality was obtained with SMBR-NF integrated process added with PAC. The present results suggest that the addition of PAC in integrated SMBR-NF process could possibly lead to satisfying water quality and can be operated for a long-term duration.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Yun Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-Ro, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin-Si, Gyeounggi-Do 449-728, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Wang-Geun
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Ho Kyong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Leonard D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tijing
authors.affiliation: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Minwei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-Ro, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin-Si, Gyeounggi-Do 449-728, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kimhs210@mju.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Han-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D019149:Bioreactors; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D005374:Filtration / Q000379:methods*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D011208:Powders; D011312:Pressure; D012995:Solubility; D013696:Temperature; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D060753:Water Quality
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon; D002606:Charcoal; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011208:Powders; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Nanofiltration; Powdered activated carbon; SMBR–NF integrated processes; Submerged membrane bioreactor; Wastewater reclamation