title: Bioanalytical techniques in discrimination between therapeutic and abusive use of drugs in sport.
abstract: The discrimination between therapeutic and abusive use of drugs in sports is performed using threshold concentrations or reporting levels, and the detection of the substances in a sample is only reported as an adverse analytical finding when the concentration exceeds the threshold or the reporting level. In this paper, the strategies of discrimination and the analytical methods used for the main groups of substances where the distinction is needed (β-2 agonists, ephedrines, glucocorticoids and morphine) will be reviewed. Nowadays, LC-MS is the method of choice for the analysis of these substances and, in most of the cases, a simple dilution of the urine sample is performed before the chromatographic analysis.
authors.affiliation: Bioanalysis Research Group, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.affiliation: Bioanalysis Research Group, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Matabosch
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Segura
mesh_terms: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004300:Doping in Sports; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D009020:Morphine / Q000652:urine*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009020:Morphine; D004809:Ephedrine
keywords: LC–MS/MS; abuse; discrimination; doping; ephedrines; glucocorticoids; morphine; reporting level; therapeutic use; threshold concentration; β-2 agonists