title: Mutagenicity assessment of aerosols in emissions from domestic combustion processes.
abstract: Domestic biofuel combustion is one of the major sources of regional and local air pollution, mainly regarding particulate matter and organic compounds, during winter periods. Mutagenic and carcinogenic activity potentials of the ambient particulate matter have been associated with the fraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their oxygenated (OPAH) and nitrogenated (NPAH) derivatives. This study aimed at assessing the mutagenicity potential of the fraction of this polycyclic aromatic compound in particles (PM10) from domestic combustion by using the Ames assays with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Seven biofuels, including four types of pellets and three agro-fuels (olive pit, almond shell and shell of pine nuts), were tested in an automatic pellet stove, and two types of wood (Pinus pinaster, maritime pine, and Eucalyptus globulus, eucalypt) were burned in a traditional wood stove. For this latter appliance, two combustion phases-devolatilisation and flaming/smouldering-were characterised separately. A direct-acting mutagenic effect for the devolatilisation phase of pine combustion and for both phases of eucalypt combustion was found. Almond shell revealed a weak direct-acting mutagenic effect, while one type of pellets, made of recycled wastes, and pine (devolatilisation) presented a cytotoxic effect towards strain TA100. Compared to the manually fired appliance, the automatic pellet stove promoted lower polyaromatic mutagenic emissions. For this device, only two of the studied biofuels presented a weak mutagenic or cytotoxic potential.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal. nunocanha@ctn.tecnico.ulisboa.pt.|Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. nunocanha@ctn.tecnico.ulisboa.pt.
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-8448
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Canha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Estela Domingos
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.affiliation: Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Benjamin A Musa
authors.initials: BAM
authors.lastname: Bandowe
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana Marta
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Célia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Alves
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056804:Biofuels; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009154:Mutation; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D056804:Biofuels; D009153:Mutagens; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: Ames assay; Domestic combustion; Mutagenicity; PM10; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Residential wood burning