title: Assessment of Itch and Pain in Animal Models and Human Subjects.
abstract: For the past century, scientists have developed a variety of methods to evaluate itch and pain in both animal models and human subjects to throw light on some of the most important pathways mediating these unpleasant sensations. Discoveries in the mechanisms underlying itch and pain in both physiological and pathological conditions relied greatly upon these studies and may eventually lead to the discovery of new therapeutics. However, it was a much more complicated job to access itch and pain in animal models than in human subjects due to the subjective nature of these sensations. The results could be contradictory or even misleading when applying different methodologies in animal models, especially under pathological conditions with a mixed sensation of itch and pain. This chapter introduces and evaluates some of the classical and newly designed methodologies to access the sensation of itch and pain in animal models as well as human subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tangmi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.|Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
authors.forename: Wanying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
authors.forename: Yinyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. garybeijing@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China. mcpumc@163.com.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000982:Antipruritics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000633:toxicity; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D004644:Emotions; D006632:Histamine / Q000633:toxicity; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D023421:Models, Animal; D059225:Nociception / Q000502:physiology*; D033281:Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D011537:Pruritus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D051381:Rats / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000982:Antipruritics; D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D006632:Histamine; D002211:Capsaicin
keywords: Animal model; Human subject; Itch; Pain