title: Bennett lesions in baseball players detected by magnetic resonance imaging: assessment of association factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Bennett lesions in baseball players compared with those without a Bennett lesion and to identify other possible factors associated with Bennett lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 388 male baseball players with a career >1 year. Demographic factors and a routine physical examination, including glenohumeral internal rotation difference, scapular dyskinesis, and various pathologic changes, were reviewed on MRI to identify relative factors for Bennett lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 388 patients evaluated, 125 (32.2%) were diagnosed with Bennett lesions of the shoulder. No significant differences were observed between the groups in demographic factors, physical examination results, visual analog scale score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, or prevalence of concomitant diseases. However, players with Bennett lesions had played baseball longer than those without the lesions (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An association was found between Bennett lesions and the length of time that a patient with a Bennett lesion had played baseball. The prevalence of pathologic lesions detected on MRI and the physical examination results were not different between players with and without Bennett lesions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Shoulder, Elbow and Sports at Neon Orthopaedic Clinic, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Electronic address: doctornoh77@naver.com.
authors.forename: Young-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Gyn
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Sun
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001484:Baseball / Q000293:injuries*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005096:Exostoses / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012399:Rotation; D012540:Scapula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Bennett lesion; baseball; glenoid exostosis; pitcher; posterior shoulder pain; throwing