title: Analgesic Effect of Intra-Articular Injection of Temperature-Responsive Hydrogel Containing Bupivacaine on Osteoarthritic Pain in Rats.
abstract: The present study examined the analgesic effects of slow-releasing bupivacaine from hydrogel on chronic arthritic pain in rats. Osteoarthritis (OA) was induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) injection into the right knee joint. Hydrogel (HG: 20, 30, and 50 μL) and temperature-sensitive hydrogel containing bupivacaine (T-gel: 20, 30, and 50 μL) were injected intra-articularly 14 days after MIA injection. Behavioral tests were conducted. The rats showed a significant decrease in weight load and paw withdrawal threshold (PWT). Intra-articular 0.5% bupivacaine (10 and 20 μL) significantly reversed MIA-induced decreased PWT, with no effect on weight load. In normal rats, hydrogel did not produce significant changes in PWT but at 30 and 50 μL slightly decreased weight bearing; T-gel did not cause any changes in both the weight load and PWT. In OA rats, T-gel at 20 μL had a significant analgesic effect for 2 days, even though T-gel at 50 μL further reduced the weight load, demonstrating that intra-articular T-gel (20 μL) has long-lasting analgesic effects in OA rats. Thus, T-gel designed to deliver analgesics into the joint cavity could be an effective therapeutic tool in the clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Taemin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Dong Rim
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Suk-Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hahm
authors.affiliation: Advanced Biomedical and Welfare Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chungnam 330-825, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheolwoong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Hye
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Advanced Biomedical and Welfare Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chungnam 330-825, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Keyoungjin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea; Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Junesun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Tae-Hong
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D002045:Bupivacaine