title: Evidence for spontaneous level-2 perspective taking in adults.
abstract: Social interactions are fostered by humans' propensity to compute their partner's perspective online. However, due to the mindreading system's limited capacity perspective taking (PT) was argued to occur spontaneously only for level-1, but not level-2 perspectives. We propose that level-2 perspectives (containing aspectual information) can also be computed spontaneously if participants have reason to assume that the partner is indeed aware of the objects' aspectual properties. Pairs of adult participants took part in the modified version of Surtees, Butterfill, and Apperly's (2012) number verification paradigm. Participants had prior information on their partner's task, which either called for processing aspectual properties or did not. The partner's inconsistent perspective was found to interfere with RT-s providing evidence for spontaneous level-2 PT. However, such interference only occurred when the partner's task involved processing the perspective dependent object feature, suggesting that PT was sensitive to the other's awareness of the to be represented information.
authors.affiliation: Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary; Cognitive Development Center, Central European University, Október 6. str. 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary. Electronic address: elekes.fr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fruzsina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Elekes
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Budapest 1111, Hungary.
authors.forename: Máté
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella str. 46, Budapest 1064, Hungary; Institute for Advanced Study, Central European University, Október 6. str. 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ildikó
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Király
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001364:Awareness / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D056345:Theory of Mind / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Aspectuality; Awareness; Social partner; Spontaneous level-2 perspective taking; Two systems approach in ToM