title: Associations between self-reported concussion with later violence injury among Australian early adolescents.
abstract: There is growing research finding associations between adolescents' concussion and negative outcomes, including violence, rarely however are the experiences of community-based early adolescents considered.
  
  
  
  This study examined associations between reports of concussion (Time-1) and reports of violence 1-year later (Time-2). Australian adolescents from 13 high-schools completed two identical surveys administered 12-months apart (n = 734 retained, initial mean age = 13.45).
  
  
  
  At the first survey, 91 students (13%) reported they had a concussion, and of these students, 40% reported seeing a doctor/attending hospital during the prior 3 months. Both self-reported experience of violent injury (from getting in a fight) and violent behaviour (getting in a fight) were predicted by reports of concussion in Year 9. This prediction held, when adding sex, Year 9 reports of violence, alcohol use, truancy and engagement in passenger and driving risk-taking to logistic regression models. Year 9 concussion was not predictive of later injury in other contexts, including transportation, falls or sports.
  
  
  
  The study highlights the need to understand concussion among community-based early adolescents including consider associations with violence.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, 2901 Baxter Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.|Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.affiliation: Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Rebekah L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Chapman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D057566:Self Report; D014754:Violence
keywords: concussion; fights; high school; injury; risk-taking behaviour; violence