title: Favorable outcome of alternate systemic and intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma.
abstract: The recent trend of treatment for retinoblastoma is to salvage the eye globes as well as achieving patients' survival. Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is one of the current standard treatment; however, it cannot exclude the risk of occult micrometastases in the central nervous system in advanced-stage retinoblastoma. Alternate fashion of intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) and IAC strategy was developed to increase the eye salvage rate and to reduce the metastatic risk. Between January 2012 and December 2014, 13 eyes of 12 patients with newly diagnosed retinoblastoma received alternate chemotherapy using IVC and IAC in Yonsei Cancer Center. Eye salvage rate was assessed by the eye preservation time, which was defined as the duration from the diagnosis to the time of enucleation. Total 13 eyes were classified according to the International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) as group B (n = 1, 7.7%), group C (n = 2, 15.4%), group D (n = 5, 38.5%), or group E (n = 5, 38.5%). IAC was performed, 3 to 5 times (median: 4 times) for each eye, total 54 times. Five to 15 courses (median: 8 courses) of systemic chemotherapy were performed in the patients. During the median follow-up period of 30.4 months, overall eye salvage rate was 63.9 ± 14.7%. All patients survived. The treatment was tolerable without significant complications. These results showed that primary alternate IVC-IAC was tolerable and effective for retinoblastoma.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.|b Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology , Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.|b Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology , Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: c Department of Radiology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Joon
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: d Department of Ophthalmology , The Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.|b Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology , Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Chuhl Joo
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: a Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.|b Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology , Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy*
keywords: Chemotherapy; infusions; intra-arterial; retinoblastoma