title: Toll-like receptor 5 and 7 expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma of major salivary glands.
abstract: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the salivary glands has a poor long-term prognosis and high metastatic rate. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been related to tumour progression but have also tumour growth-inhibiting responses. To the best of our knowledge, they have not been studied previously in ACC. We studied the immunoexpression of TLR 5 and 7 in ACC of the major salivary glands. From a cohort of 54 patients with ACC of the major salivary glands treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland in 1974-2009, there were 34 primary tumours and six metastases available for immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical expression of TLR 5 and 7 were correlated to clinicopathological findings and patient survival. Both TLR 5 and 7 were expressed in ACCs and their metastases, mostly on the cell membranes. The expression was heterogeneous in individual tumours. TLR 5 was expressed less in male samples, and TLR 7 had lower expression in ACCs with solid growth pattern. No correlation with survival was found. In the normal salivary gland, the TLR 5 and 7 expression was mainly negative. Both TLR 5 and 7 are expressed in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma on the cell membranes as well as in cytoplasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. karoliina.hirvonen@hus.fi.|Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 220, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland. karoliina.hirvonen@hus.fi.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirvonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bäck
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland and Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haglund
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leivo
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jouhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mäkitie
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495346:TLR5 protein, human; C495348:TLR7 protein, human; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7
keywords: Head and neck cancer; Immunohistochemistry; Metastasis; Salivary gland cancer