title: The liability of the anaesthesiologist in ambulatory surgery.
abstract: With the development of ambulatory surgery, there may be questions about the legal risk of this procedure. Indeed, the discharge of the patient from the hospital on the same day as the medical treatment raises the problem of monitoring and supervising potential complications, with a substantial delay in medical care, and the anaesthesiologists can be confronted with new areas of liability. This article specifies the French statutory and legal framework of the ambulatory surgery, and shows how the responsibility of the anaesthesiologist can be involved during patient care at all steps. The analysis of judicial precedent shows that the legal risk for the anaesthesiologist also exists in outpatient surgery. Surgery and anaesthesia are medical procedures involving a relatively high risk of damage for the patient. The damage can be attributed to malpractice from one or several health care professionals or to a medical complication (abnormal damage not related to malpractice and independent of past medical history of the patient). In the light of the ongoing and significant development in ambulatory surgery, there may be questions about the legal risk of this procedure. Indeed, the discharge of the patient from the hospital on the same day as the medical treatment raises the problem of monitoring and supervising potential complications, with a substantial delay in medical care. If the patient suffers any damage, the surgeon, the anaesthesiologist and in some cases, the hospital will have to answer in courts: the surgeon for the surgical procedure, the anaesthesiologist for the medical care and the hospital as the liable institution. After having specified the statutory framework of ambulatory surgery, we will see how the responsibility of the anaesthesiologist can be involved during patient care at all steps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and intensive care, Princess Grace Hospital, Pasteur Avenue, Monaco (Principality), Monaco. Electronic address: alexandretheissen@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Theissen
authors.affiliation: Ambulatory Surgery Unit and the Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beaussier
authors.affiliation: Ambulatory Surgery Unit and the Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouregba
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and intensive care, Princess Grace Hospital, Pasteur Avenue, Monaco (Principality), Monaco.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rouquette-Vincenti
authors.affiliation: Ambulatory Surgery Unit, Princess Grace Hospital, Pasteur Avenue, Monaco (Principality), Monaco.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niccolai
authors.affiliation: Médiateur médical, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lienhart
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000072080:Anesthesiologists / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D016365:Liability, Legal; D008318:Malpractice
keywords: Ambulatory surgery; Legal framework; Legal issue; Legal risk; Liability