title: Primitive Genepools of Asian Pears and Their Complex Hybrid Origins Inferred from Fluorescent Sequence-Specific Amplification Polymorphism (SSAP) Markers Based on LTR Retrotransposons.
abstract: Recent evidence indicated that interspecific hybridization was the major mode of evolution in Pyrus. The genetic relationships and origins of the Asian pear are still unclear because of frequent hybrid events, fast radial evolution, and lack of informative data. Here, we developed fluorescent sequence-specific amplification polymorphism (SSAP) markers with lots of informative sites and high polymorphism to analyze the population structure among 93 pear accessions, including nearly all species native to Asia. Results of a population structure analysis indicated that nearly all Asian pear species experienced hybridization, and originated from five primitive genepools. Four genepools corresponded to four primary Asian species: P. betulaefolia, P. pashia, P. pyrifolia, and P. ussuriensis. However, cultivars of P. ussuriensis were not monophyletic and introgression occurred from P. pyrifolia. The specific genepool detected in putative hybrids between occidental and oriental pears might be from occidental pears. The remaining species, including P. calleryana, P. xerophila, P. sinkiangensis, P. phaeocarpa, P. hondoensis, and P. hopeiensis in Asia, were inferred to be of hybrid origins and their possible genepools were identified. This study will be of great help for understanding the origin and evolution of Asian pears.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, The State Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.|Forest & Fruit Tree Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture and Landscape, College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, The State Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
authors.forename: Peiyuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, The State Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Main Allama Iqbal Road, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir-10250, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Maqsood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Danying
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, The State Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yuanwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D031989:Pyrus / Q000235:genetics*; D018626:Retroelements
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D018626:Retroelements