title: New Ti-Alloys and Surface Modifications to Improve the Mechanical Properties and the Biological Response to Orthopedic and Dental Implants: A Review.
abstract: Titanium implants are widely used in the orthopedic and dentistry fields for many decades, for joint arthroplasties, spinal and maxillofacial reconstructions, and dental prostheses. However, despite the quite satisfactory survival rates failures still exist. New Ti-alloys and surface treatments have been developed, in an attempt to overcome those failures. This review provides information about new Ti-alloys that provide better mechanical properties to the implants, such as superelasticity, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies, which investigate the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of these new biomaterials, are introduced. In addition, data regarding the bioactivity of new surface treatments and surface topographies on Ti-implants is provided. The aim of this paper is to discuss the current trends, advantages, and disadvantages of new titanium-based biomaterials, fabricated to enhance the quality of life of many patients around the world.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Yvoni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kirmanidou
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sidira
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria-Eleni
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Drosou
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, University of Otago, School of Dentistry, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bennani
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakopoulou
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Physical Metallurgy Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsouknidas
authors.affiliation: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Physical Metallurgy Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michailidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Division of Graduate and Postgraduate Prosthodontics, Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Michalakis
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D009983:Orthopedic Equipment; D011788:Quality of Life; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium