title: Nonsurgical treatment of 8 cases with esophageal perforations caused by ESD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Esophageal perforation is a serious, but rare complication of high mortality following the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonsurgical treatment of esophageal perforations caused by ESD based on our clinical experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2009 to November 2013, 8 patients were diagnosed with endoscopic perforation of the esophagus caused by ESD in our center. All cases were treated with nonsurgical measures, such as metallic clips, conservative treatment alone and therapeutic drainage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The places of perforation were closured by metallic clips immediately in 4 patients. Two patients were cured with conservative treatment alone. Therapeutic drainage with large-bore tube thoracostomy was applied in another 2 patients who had empyema following esophageal perforation. All of the patients were treated nonsurgically, and recovered well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esophageal perforation caused by ESD can be detected and treated timely, and nonsurgical treatment seems to be a feasible and effective option for clinicians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Henggao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Limei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Jinquan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University China.
authors.forename: Zhining
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
keywords: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; esophageal perforation; nonsurgical treatment