title: Lopinavir/ritonavir enhanced the antimalarial activity of amodiaquine and artesunate in a mouse model of Plasmodium berghei.
abstract: Treatment of malaria and HIV in co-infected patients remains a challenge due to the limited information on interaction between drugs used for the treatment of the two infections. Thus, this study evaluated the interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir (LR) and artesunate (AS), amodiaquine (AQ) or a fixed dose of AS/AQ in a mouse model of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei. Combination of LR with graded doses of AS or AQ resulted in a significant reduced ED50. In addition, parasites cleared completely from day 3 till day 21 post-infection in animals infected, treated with AS/AQ alone or AS/AQ with LR and all the animals survived till day 21 post-infection. In contrast, survival on day 21 in animals treated with AQ alone or AQ with LR was 20 and 60%, respectively. It appears that the protease inhibitor LR enhanced the antimalarial drugs AS and AQ.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
authors.forename: Oyindamola Olajumoke
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Abiodun
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
authors.forename: Nekabari
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gbimadee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria.
authors.forename: Grace Olushola
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Gbotosho
mesh_terms: D000655:Amodiaquine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077332:Artesunate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061466:Lopinavir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D010962:Plasmodium berghei; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D000655:Amodiaquine; D061466:Lopinavir; D000077332:Artesunate; D019438:Ritonavir
keywords: Amodiaquine; Artesunate; Lopinavir/ritonavir; Plasmodium berghei