title: Intracellular lipid dysregulation interferes with leukocyte function in the ovaries of meat-type hens under unrestricted feed intake.
abstract: Meat-type Red-feather country hens fed ad libitum (AD-hens) exhibit obesity-associated morbidities and a number of ovarian irregularities. Leukocyte participations in ovarian activities are unstudied in AD-hens. In contrast to feed-restricted hens (R-hens), ovulatory process of the F1 follicle appeared delayed in AD-hens in association with reduced F1 follicle progesterone content, gelatinase A (MMP-2) and collagenase-3 (MMP-13) activities coincident with elevated IL-1β and no production (P<0.05), and increased leukocyte infiltration of inflamed necrotic follicle walls. Extracts of AD-hen F1 follicle walls induced greater leukocyte migration than extracts from F1 follicle wall extracts of R-hens (P<0.05). Co-cultures of granulosa cells with increasing numbers of leukocytes from either AD-hens or R-hens exhibited dose dependent reductions in progesterone production and increases in cell death. AD-hen leukocytes were less proapoptotic than their R counterparts (P<0.05). Granulosa MMP-13 and MMP-2 activities were also suppressed in the co-cultures with heterophils or monocytes in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). AD heterophils and R monocytes had a greater inhibitory effect on MMP activities in the co-cultures than their respective counterparts (P<0.05). Both basal and LPS-induced IL-1β secretion and MMP-22 or MMP-2 activities in freshly isolated AD-hen leukocytes were reduced (P<0.05). Exposure of AD or R leukocytes to 0.5mM palmitate impaired IL-1β secretion and MMP-22 or MMP-2 activity. Inhibition of ceramide synthesis with FB1 and ROS production with n-MPG scavenging rescued MMP activity and IL-1β production in palmitate treated heterophils, but exacerbated monocyte suppression. These latter findings suggest that intracellular lipid dysregulation in leukocytes contributes to ovarian dysfunction in AD-hens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Zu-Chen
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Lun
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chai-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiang-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Rosemary L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Walzem
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for the Integrative and Evolutionary Galliformes Genomics, iEGG center, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. Electronic address: syhuang@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: San-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for the Integrative and Evolutionary Galliformes Genomics, iEGG center, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. Electronic address: shueneic@dragon.nchu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Shuen-Ei
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Hens; Leukocytes; Lipotoxicity; Matrix metalloproteinases; Ovulation