title: Association between Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Prevalence of Microalbuminuria in Korean Adults of Age 30 Years and Older without Diabetes, Hypertension, Renal Failure, or Overt Proteinuria: The 2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microalbuminuria and obesity markers are known risk factors for cardiovascular or renal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria according to body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects included 3,979 individuals aged 30 years or older who did not have diabetes, hypertension, renal failure, or overt proteinuria, from among those who participated in The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2013, a cross-sectional, nationally representative, stratified survey. Microalbuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio of 30 to 300 mg/g. BMI and waist circumference were classified according to the Asia-Pacific criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of microalbuminuria was found to be 5.1%. In the normoalbuminuria group, 3.4%, 41.7%, 24%, 27.6%, and 3.2% of participants were included in the underweight, normal, overweight, obesity 1, and obesity 2 groups, respectively. These percentages in the microalbuminuria group were 7.1%, 34.5%, 19.2%, 28.6%, and 10.6%, respectively (P<0.001). The waist circumference in men was 21.4% in the normoalbuminuria group and 36.5% in the microalbuminuria group (P=0.004). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the presence of microalbuminuria and BMI or waist circumference groups. The risk of microalbuminuria was significant only in the underweight group (odds ratio, 13.22; 95% confidence interval, 2.55-68.63; P=0.002) after adjusting for confounding factors, abdominal obesity was not significantly associated with microalbuminuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of microalbuminuria in a general population in Korea was associated with underweight in men and was not associated with waist circumference in either men or women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Jeong
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Gong-Myung
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Na
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kang
keywords: Abdominal Obesity; Body Mass Index; Malnutrition; Microalbuminuria; Waist Circumference