title: Using Virtual Reality to Distract Overweight Children from Bodily Sensations During Exercise.
abstract: This study analyzes the potential of virtual reality (VR) to enhance attentional distraction in overweight children as they experience bodily sensations during exercise. It has been suggested that one reason why obese children stop exercising is the perception of bodily sensations. In a counterbalanced design, a total of 109 children (33 overweight, 10-15 years old) were asked to walk twice for 6 minutes on a treadmill under one of two conditions: (a) traditional condition (TC)-focusing their attention on their physical feelings and sensations or (b) distraction condition (DC)-focusing their attention on a virtual environment. Attentional focus during exercise, bad-good feeling states (pre- and postexperimental), perceived exertion (3 minutes and post), heart rate, and enjoyment were assessed. Results indicated that overweight children focused on internal information under the TC, but they significantly shifted their attention to regard the external environment in the DC. This attentional distraction effect of VR was more intense in overweight than in normal-weight children. No differences between groups were found when examining changes in feeling states and perceived exertion. VR increased enjoyment during exercise, and children preferred exercise using virtual environments. VR is useful to promote distraction and may help overweight and obese children to enjoy exercise.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Universitat de Valencia , València, Spain .|2 CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III , València, Spain .
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Baños
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Universitat de Valencia , València, Spain .
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Universitat de Valencia , València, Spain .|2 CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III , València, Spain .
authors.forename: Ausias
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cebolla
authors.affiliation: 2 CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III , València, Spain .|3 I3BH Innovation & Research Institute on Bioengineering for Humans, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia , València, Spain .
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guixeres
authors.affiliation: 2 CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III , València, Spain .|4 Child & Adolescent Cardiovascular Risk Unit, Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia , València, Spain .
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alvarez Pitti
authors.affiliation: 5 Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera , València, Spain .
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lisón
authors.affiliation: 2 CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III , València, Spain .|6 Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I , Castello, Spain .
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Botella
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004644:Emotions; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006240:Happiness; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D057181:Pleasure; D012677:Sensation; D063367:Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology