title: Osteogenesis from Dental Pulp Derived Stem Cells: A Novel Conditioned Medium Including Melatonin within a Mixture of Hyaluronic, Butyric, and Retinoic Acids.
abstract: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have shown relevant potential for cell therapy in the orthopedic and odontoiatric fields. The optimization of their osteogenic potential is currently a major challenge. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A) has been recently reported to act as a major conductor of osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Here, we attempted to prime endogenous VEGF A expression without the need for viral vector mediated gene transfer technologies. We show that hDPSCs exposure to a mixture of hyaluronic, butyric, and retinoic acids (HA + BU + RA) induced the transcription of a gene program of osteogenesis and the acquirement of an osteogenic lineage. Such response was also elicited by cell exposure to melatonin, a pleiotropic agent that recently emerged as a remarkable osteogenic inducer. Interestingly, the commitment to the osteogenic fate was synergistically enhanced by the combinatorial exposure to a conditioned medium containing both melatonin and HA + BU + RA. These in vitro results suggest that in vivo osteogenesis might be improved and further studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Research Department, Rinaldi Fontani Foundation, Viale Belfiore 43, 50144 Florence, Italy; Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Basoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santaniello
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cruciani
authors.affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Sassari, Via Michele Coppino 26, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro Palmerio
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Delitala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pinna
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Egle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Milia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grillari-Voglauer
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Rinaldi Fontani Foundation, Viale Belfiore 43, 50144 Florence, Italy; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, Viale Belfiore 43, 50144 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Vania
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fontani
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Rinaldi Fontani Foundation, Viale Belfiore 43, 50144 Florence, Italy; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, Viale Belfiore 43, 50144 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muggironi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pigliaru
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Stem Wave Institute for Tissue Healing (SWITH), Gruppo Villa Maria and Ettore Sansavini Health Science Foundation, Via Provinciale per Cotignola 9, 48022 Lugo, Ravenna, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ventura