title: Anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations and antral follicle counts for the prediction of pregnancy outcomes after intrauterine insemination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations and antral follicle counts (AFCs) in the prediction of pregnancy outcomes after controlled ovarian stimulation among women undergoing intrauterine insemination.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study included women with unexplained infertility aged 41years or younger who attended a fertility clinic in Italy between December 2009 and May 2014. Ovarian stimulation was achieved with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone or highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to predict ongoing pregnancy. The primary outcome was the association between AMH/AFC and ongoing pregnancy, and was assessed by logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 276 women were included, of whom 43 (15.6%) achieved ongoing pregnancy. Multivariate analysis showed that women with a serum day-3 concentration of AMH higher than 2.3ng/mL were more likely to have ongoing pregnancy than were those with a concentration lower than 2.3ng/mL (odds ratio 5.84, 95% confidence interval 2.38-14.31; P<0.001). No associations were recorded for AFCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AMH should be used to predict the pregnancy outcome of intrauterine insemination.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: morofrancy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tropea
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scarinci
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leoncini
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boccia
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ornella
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Alesiani
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanzone
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Apa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008596:Menotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000378:metabolism; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D008596:Menotropins; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: Anti-Müllerian hormone; Antral follicle count; Intrauterine insemination; Ovulation induction; Prediction