title: Effective quality management practices in routine clinical next-generation sequencing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Molecular technologies have allowed laboratories to detect and establish the profiles of human cancers by identifying a variety of somatic variants. In order to improve personalized patient care, we have established a next-generation sequencing (NGS) test to screen for somatic variants in primary or advanced cancers. In this study, we describe the laboratory quality management program for NGS testing, and also provide an overview of the somatic variants identified in over 1000 patient samples as well as their implications in clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over the past one-and-a-half years, our laboratory received a total of 1028 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues, which consisted of non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs), colon adenocarcinomas, glioma/glioblastomas, melanomas, breast carcinomas, and other tumor types. During this time period, we implemented a series of quality control (QC) checks that included (1) pre-DNA extraction, (2) DNA quantification, (3) DNA quality, (4) library quantification, (5) post-emulsification PCR, and (6) post-sequencing metrics. At least 10 ng of genomic DNA (gDNA) were used to prepare barcoded libraries using the AmpliSeq CHPv2. Samples were multiplexed and sequenced on Ion Torrent 318 chips using the Ion PGM System. Variants were identified using the Variant Caller Plugin, and annotation and functional predictions were performed using the Golden Helix SVS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1005 samples passed QC1-3, and following additional library preparation QC checkpoints, 877 samples were sequenced. Samples were classified into two categories: wild-type (127) and positive for somatic variants (750). Somatic variants were classified into clinically actionable (60%) and non-actionable (40%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of NGS in routine clinical laboratory practice allowed for the detection of tumor profiles that are essential for the selection of targeted therapies and identification of applicable clinical trials, contributing to the improvement of personalized patient care in oncology.
authors.forename: Francine B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: de Abreu
authors.forename: Jason D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Christopher I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Amos
authors.forename: Wendy A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tsongalis
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000592:standards*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016707:Tissue Fixation
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm