title: Jacques Loeb (1859-1924) and His Forgotten Contributions to Electrolyte and Acid-Base Physiology in The Organism as a Whole.
abstract: Jacques Loeb (1859-1924) was the founder of the Journal of General Physiology which he co-directed in association with W.J.V. Osterhout in the years 1918-1924. Having worked (1889-1891)at the Marine Zoological Station of Naples, newly founded by Anton Dohrn, he was imprinted for life. A strong investigator used to perform the experiments personally. Loeb was engaged lifelong in the explanation of life on physico-chemical basis. He touched various fields (being a creative scientist full of ideas), and centered on the exchanges of electrolytes, acids and bases between the body and sea water in fish. He identified two equations: {[K+]+[Na+]}: {[Ca++]+[Mg++]} (Loebs 1st equation) {[K+]+[Na+]}: {[H+]+[Ca++]+[Mg++]} (Loebs final equation) Even nowadays these equations may have applications in a wide list of electrolyte and acid-base disturbances. Unfortunately his heredity has been dissipated.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sgambato
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sgambato
authors.forename: Natale Gaspare
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: De Santo
mesh_terms: D004573:Electrolytes / Q000266:history*; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D055787:Prussia; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes