title: Prevalence and Correlates of Smoking and Readiness to Quit Smoking in People Living with HIV in Austria and Germany.
abstract: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of smoking in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Germany and Austria and their readiness to quit. A total of 447 consecutive patients with confirmed positive HIV status who were treated in different outpatient HIV centres in Austria and Germany were included. Nicotine dependence and stages of change were assessed by standardized questionnaires, and this was confirmed by measuring exhaled carbon monoxide. Prevalence of smoking was 49.4%. According to a multivariate logistic regression analysis, higher age (for each year of life OR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.92-1.00) and tertiary education level (OR = 0.43; 95% CI 0.15-0.79) were associated with a lower chance, and occasional (OR = 3.75; 95% CI 1.74-8.07) and daily smoking of the partner (OR 8.78; 95% CI 4.49-17.17) were significantly associated with a higher chance of smoking. Moderate (OR = 3.41; 95% CI = 1.30-9.05) and higher nicotine dependency level (OR = 3.40; 95% CI 1.46-7.94), were significantly associated with higher chance, and older age (for each year of life OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.91-0.99), with lower chance for readiness to quit smoking. Those results may be used to address preventive measures to quit smoking aimed at PLWHIV and the importance of addressing smoking habits.
authors.affiliation: Health Centre South, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brath
authors.affiliation: Institute of Occupational Medicine, University Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grabovac
authors.affiliation: Schalk-Pichler Group Practice, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schalk
authors.affiliation: University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Outpatient Centre, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Degen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Dorner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D001944:Breath Tests; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002248:Carbon Monoxide