title: Radiosensitizing potential of rutin against human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was focused at evaluating the potential of rutin to improve the radiotherapeutic index and thereby the cytotoxicity towards colon cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  HT-29 cells were pre-treated with rutin and the effect on cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay followed by exposure to radiation. After irradiation, experimental groups were sham control, rutin alone, radiation alone, rutin along with radiation-treated HT-29 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytotoxicity study illustrated that treatment of HT-29 cells with different concentrations of rutin reduced cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After irradiation, the HT-29 cells revealed that the combined effect of 4 Gy radiation and rutin at 80 µM concentration showed a decrease in cell viability as compared to rutin‑alone treated and 4 Gy‑alone irradiated HT-29 cells. Furthermore, the increase in apoptotic cells, change from normal nuclei to abnormal nuclei, alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in DNA damage, increase in levels of lipid peroxidative markers, and decrease in antioxidant status were observed in 4 Gy‑ and rutin-treated group as compared to the other treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined effect of rutin and radiation in HT-29 cells leads to a more pronounced cell death rate. Thus, rutin exhibits radiosensitizing effects on HT-29 cells (Tab. 4, Fig. 8, Ref. 42).
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijay
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sivagami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thayalan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nalini
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D004249:DNA Damage; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D012431:Rutin
keywords: DNA damage; apoptosis; prooxidant.; radiosensitization; rutin