title: Kinematic gait deficits at the trunk and pelvis: characteristic features in children with hereditary spastic paraplegia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the kinematic gait deviations at the trunk and pelvis of children with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This exploratory observational study quantified gait kinematics for the trunk and pelvis from 11 children with HSP (7 males, 4 females) using the Gait Profile Score and Gait Variable Scores (GVS), and compared the kinematics to data from children with typical development using a Mann-Whitney U test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with HSP (median age 11y 4mo, interquartile range 4y) demonstrated large deviations in the GVS for the trunk and pelvis in the sagittal and coronal planes when compared to the gait patterns of children with typical development (p=0.010-0.020). Specific deviations included increased range of movement for the trunk in the coronal plane and increased excursion of the trunk and pelvis in the sagittal plane. In the transverse plane, children with HSP demonstrated later peaks in posterior pelvic rotation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The kinematic gait deviations identified in this study raise questions about the contribution of muscle weakness in HSP. Further research is warranted to determine contributing factors for gait dysfunction in HSP, especially the relative influence of spasticity and weakness.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Disability and Development Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Brooke
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adair
authors.affiliation: Hugh Williamson Gait Laboratory, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McGinley
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: H Kerr
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.affiliation: School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.|Department of Physiotherapy, Cabrini Healthcare, Malvern, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Meg E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010388:Pelvis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015419:Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary / Q000150:complications*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D060726:Torso / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult