title: cDNA sequence and protein bioinformatics analyses of MSTN in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).
abstract: Myostatin, also known as growth differentiation factor 8, has been identified as a potent negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. The purpose of this study was to characterize and predict function of the myostatin gene of the African catfish (Cg-MSTN). Expression of Cg-MSTN was determined at three growth stages to establish the relationship between the levels of MSTN transcript and skeletal muscle growth. The partial cDNA sequence of Cg-MSTN was cloned by using published information from its congener walking catfish (Cm-MSTN). The Cg-MSTN was 1194 bp in length encoding a protein of 397 amino acids. The deduced MSTN sequence exhibited key functional sites similar to those of other members of the TGF-β superfamily, especially, the proteolytic processing site (RXXR motif) and nine conserved cysteines at the C-terminal. Expression of MSTN appeared to be correlated with muscle development and growth of African catfish. Protein bioinformatics revealed that the primary sequence of Cg-MSTN shared 98 % sequence identity with that of walking catfish Cm-MSTN with only two different residues, [Formula: see text]. and [Formula: see text]. The proposed model of Cg-MSTN revealed the key point mutation [Formula: see text] causing a 7.35 Å shorter distance between the N- and C-lobes and an approximately 11° narrow angle than those of Cm-MSTN. The substitution of a proline residue near the proteolytic processing site which altered the structure of myostatin may play a critical role in reducing proteolytic activity of this protein in African catfish.
authors.affiliation: Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Nakorn Pathom, 73140, Thailand.|Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
authors.forename: Poonmanee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kanjanaworakul
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health, Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. ifrots@ku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Orathai
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sawatdichaikul
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. supawadee.p@ku.ac.th.
authors.forename: Supawadee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poompuang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002397:Catfishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D019295:Computational Biology; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D055435:Myostatin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D011487:Protein Conformation; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D055435:Myostatin
keywords: 3D structure; Clarias gariepinus; Myostatin; Protein modeling; cDNA cloning