title: Diaphragmatic injury caused by an endo-retractor during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: Endo-retractors are convenient devices for exposure and traction during minimally invasive surgery and are widely used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Complications associated with the use of this device are rare. We present a patient with symptomatic gallstones who underwent LC and developed a diaphragmatic laceration as a result of the inappropriate use of an endo retractor. Although the incidence of complications with endo retractors is low, this report indicates the potential risk of diaphragmatic injury while using the retractors for exposure and traction during minimally invasive surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: Complication; diaphragmatic injury; endo-retractor; laparoscopic cholecystectomy