title: Application of Ionic Liquids in Pot-in-Pot Reactions.
abstract: Pot-in-pot reactions are designed such that two reaction media (solvents, catalysts and reagents) are isolated from each other by a polymeric membrane similar to matryoshka dolls (Russian nesting dolls). The first reaction is allowed to progress to completion before triggering the second reaction in which all necessary solvents, reactants, or catalysts are placed except for the starting reagent for the target reaction. With the appropriate trigger, in most cases unidirectional flux, the product of the first reaction is introduced to the second medium allowing a second transformation in the same glass reaction pot--albeit separated by a polymeric membrane. The basis of these reaction systems is the controlled selective flux of one reagent over the other components of the first reaction while maintaining steady-state catalyst concentration in the first "pot". The use of ionic liquids as tools to control chemical potential across the polymeric membranes making the first pot is discussed based on standard diffusion models--Fickian and Payne's models. Besides chemical potential, use of ionic liquids as delivery agent for a small amount of a solvent that slightly swells the polymeric membrane, hence increasing flux, is highlighted. This review highlights the critical role ionic liquids play in site-isolation of multiple catalyzed reactions in a standard pot-in-pot reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. scinar@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Simge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Çınar
authors.affiliation: Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. mdschulz@caltech.edu.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. so1@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oyola-Reynoso
authors.affiliation: Warner Babcock Institute for Green Chemistry, Wilmington, MA 01887, USA. David.Bwambok@warnerbabcock.com.
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Bwambok
authors.affiliation: Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. sgathiaka@mail.ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Symon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gathiaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. mthuo@iastate.edu.|Microelectronic Research Center, Iowa State University, 133 Applied Sciences Complex I, 1925 Scholl Road, Ames, IA 50011, USA. mthuo@iastate.edu.|Biopolymer and Biocomposites Research Team, Center for Bioplastics and Biocomposites, Iowa State University, 1041 Food Sciences Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA. mthuo@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thuo
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011108:Polymers
keywords: cascade reactions; membrane separation; multi-step synthesis; pot-in-pot reactions; unidirectional flux