title: Prostate Cancer in Iran: Trends in Incidence and Morphological and Epidemiological Characteristics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate cancer is second most common cancer in men overall in the world, whereas it is the third most common cancer in men and the sixth most common cancer in Iran. Few studies have been conducted on the epidemiology of prostate cancer in Iran. Since ethnicity of Iranian men is different from Asian people and given the epidemiologic and demographic transition taking place in Iran, this study aimed to investigate trends of incidence and morphology of prostate cancer during 2003 - 2008 in the country.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected retrospectively reviewing all new prostate cancer patients in the Cancer Registry Center of the Health Deputy for Iran during a 6-year period. Also carcinoma, NOS and adenocarcinoma, NOS morphology were surveyed. Trends analysis of incidence and morphology was by joinpoint regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the six years a total of 16,071 cases of prostate cancer were recorded in Iran. Most were adenocarcinomas at 95.2 percent. Trend analysis of incidence (ASR) There was a significant increase incidence, with annual percentage change (APC) of 17.3% and for morphology change percentage trends there was a significant decrease in adenocarcinoma with an APC of -1.24%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prostate cancer is a disease of older men and the incidence is increasing in Iran. The most common morphology is adenocarcinoma this appears to be decreasing over time. Due to the changing lifestyles and the aging of the population, epidemiological studies and planning assessment of the etiology of prostate cancer and its early detection are essential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, school of public health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail : alesaleh70@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pakzad
authors.forename: Hosein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rafiemanesh
authors.forename: Mahshid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghoncheh
authors.forename: Arezoo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarmad
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salehiniya
authors.forename: Sayedehafagh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sepehri
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afshari-Moghadam
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult