title: A Highly Active System for the Metal-Free Aerobic Photocyanation of Tertiary Amines with Visible Light: Application to the Synthesis of Tetraponerines and Crispine A.
abstract: A highly efficient metal-free catalytic system for the aerobic photocyanation of tertiary amines with visible light is reported. The use of air as terminal oxidant offers an improved safety profile compared with pure oxygen, the used compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) light sources are highly economical, and no halogenated solvents are required. This system not only proves to be effective for a wide variety of trialkylamines, pharmaceuticals, and alkaloids but remarkably also allows the lowest catalyst loading (0.00001 mol% or 0.1 ppm) ever reported for an organic dye. Bruylants reactions and C-alkylation/decyanations were performed on the obtained α-aminonitriles to demonstrate the postfunctionalization of complex molecules. The catalytic system is furthermore applied in the short and effective syntheses of the alkaloids (±)-crispine A and the tetraponerines T7 and T8.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Julio Cesar
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Orejarena Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lipp
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nauth
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Acke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Jule-Philipp
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany. opatz@uni-mainz.de.
authors.forename: Till
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-4050
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Opatz
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry*; D000478:Alkylation; D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008027:Light; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000588:Amines; D007546:Isoquinolines; D008670:Metals; C523713:crispine A
keywords: alkaloids; amines; aminonitriles; photocatalysis; total synthesis