title: Otologic and audiologic characteristics of type 2 diabetics in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out at the Diabetes outpatient clinic of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital (LTH) Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed patterns of otologic diseases and auditory acuity among type 2 diabetics and determinants of these findings among diabetics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven consenting patients with clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (194 ears) were matched for age and sex with ninety non-diabetic patients (180 ears). These patients were screened using otoscopy and pure tone audiometry over a 6-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study reported a crude prevalence rate of 21.6% hearing loss in T2DM patients. The most common type of otologic disease that showed significant association with T2DM patients was otitis media with effusion (p=0.027). T2DM was significantly associated with abnormal audiometric findings (p=0.022), particularly sensorineural hearing loss (p=0.022), of the moderate grade (p=0.057). There were no differences of the audilogical findings for any particular ear, and no differential affectation of frequency range was observed. Coexisting hypertension and poor glycaemic control were significantly associated with aggravation of the hearing of the T2DM patients (p< 0.001, and p=0.009 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2DM had appreciable effects on hearing acuity. T2DM was significantly associated with the type and the degree of the hearing loss. The need for screening of hearing acuity of T2DM patients, in order to detect early changes, and promptly offer an adequate management and remedial measures was emphasized in this study.
authors.affiliation: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Electronic address: tosinadebolang@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Stephen Oluwatosin
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Adebola
authors.affiliation: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, College of Health Sciences, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Micheal A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Olamoyegun
authors.affiliation: Olabisi Onabanjo University, College of Health Sciences, ENT Unit, Department of Surgery, Sagamu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olusola A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Sogebi
authors.affiliation: University of Lagos, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, and College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Lagos, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Sandra O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Iwuala
authors.affiliation: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Babarinde
authors.affiliation: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abayomi O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Oyelakin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D038781:Otoscopy; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Audiometria tonal; Deficiência auditiva; Diabetes melito; Diabetes mellitus; Doença otológica; Ear disease; Hearing impairment; Nigeria; Nigéria; Pure tone audiometry