title: The Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Modulates Dialectical Self-Thinking.
abstract: Dialectical self-thinking involves holding the view that one can possess contradictory traits such as extraverted and introverted. Prior work has demonstrated that the dorsal part of anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a crucial role in conflict monitoring as well as self-related processing. Here, we tested the function of dACC in dialectical self-thinking using a modified classical self-referential paradigm (self- vs. other-referential thinking), in which participants had to make a judgment whether a simultaneously presented pair of contradictory or non-contradictory traits properly described them while brain activity was recording using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The data showed that activity in the dACC during the processing of self-relevant conflicting information was positively correlated with participants' dispositional level of naïve dialecticism (measured with the Dialectical Self Scale). Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analyses further revealed increased functional connectivity between the dACC and the caudate, middle temporal gyrus and hippocampus during the processing of self-relevant conflicting information for dialectical thinkers. These results support the hypothesis that the dACC has a key role in dialectical self-thinking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Tsinghua UniversityBeijing, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijing, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kaiping
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Peking University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Birmingham Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rotshtein
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Tsinghua UniversityBeijing, China; Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford UniversityOxford, UK.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sui
keywords: dialectical self-thinking; dorsal anterior cingulate cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; naïve dialecticism; trait-judgment