title: Prevalence of pancreatic, hepatic and renal microscopic lesions in post-mortem samples from Cavalier King Charles spaniels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of microscopic pancreatic, hepatic and renal lesions in post-mortem samples from Cavalier King Charles spaniels.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence of microscopic lesions was determined by routine histopathology and compared to ante-mortem clinical signs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was evidence of chronic pancreatitis in 51·9% of the cases, and age correlated with severity. Renal lesions were diagnosed in 52·2% of cases, most of which were inflammatory. Ante-mortem diagnosis of pancreatic and renal disease was 25 and 16·7%, respectively. Primary hepatic lesions were diagnosed in 11·1% of cases; secondary hepatic lesions were diagnosed in 64·8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pancreatic and renal lesions are common in Cavalier King Charles spaniels, but they have similar rates of hepatic disease as the general population. The increasing prevalence of pancreatic lesions with age suggests that it might be a progressive condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES.
authors.forename: A C C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Constantino-Casas
authors.affiliation: Fitzpatrick Referrals, Halfway Lane, Eashing, Godalming, Surrey, GU7 2QQ.|School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7TE, Surrey.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rusbridge
authors.affiliation: Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9RG.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Corcoran
authors.affiliation: The Cavalier Collection Scheme, 47 The Ryde, Hatfield, AL9 5DQ.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: The Cavalier Collection Scheme, 47 The Ryde, Hatfield, AL9 5DQ.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ledger
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001344:Autopsy / Q000662:veterinary; D001947:Breeding; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012720:Severity of Illness Index