title: Glutamatergic NMDA Receptor as Therapeutic Target for Depression.
abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects approximately 121 million individuals globally and poses a significant burden to the healthcare system. Around 50-60% of patients with MDD respond adequately to existing treatments that are primarily based on a monoaminergic system. However, the neurobiology of MDD has not been fully elucidated; therefore, it is possible that other biochemical alterations are involved. The glutamatergic system and its associated receptors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of MDD. In fact, the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a glutamate receptor, is a binding or modulation site for both classical antidepressants and new fast-acting antidepressants. Thus, this review aims to present evidence describing the effect of antidepressants that modulate NMDA receptors and the mechanisms that contribute to the antidepressant response.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address: gislainezilli@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Gislaine Z
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Réus
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helena M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Abelaira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Talita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuon
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Titus
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Zuleide M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Ignácio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurobiology of Depression, Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia S
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Center for Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018684:Glycine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006151:Guanosine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D005971:Glutamates; D018684:Glycine Agents; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D006151:Guanosine; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Antidepressants; Ketamine; Major depressive disorder; NMDA receptor