title: The Effect of Atorvastatin on Breast Cancer Biomarkers in High-Risk Women.
abstract: Statins have the potential to reduce breast cancer incidence and recurrence as shown in both epidemiologic and laboratory studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a lipophilic statin, atorvastatin, on breast cancer biomarkers of risk [mammographic density (MD) and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1)] in high-risk premenopausal women.Premenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer received either 40 mg of atorvastatin or placebo for 1 year. Biomarker assessment was performed prior to initiation and at completion of study medication. MD was determined using both Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System and the visual analogue scale. Serum IGF-1 was determined by ELISA assay at the end of the study.Sixty-three women were enrolled between December 2005 and May 2010. Sixteen (25%) women withdrew. The mean age of participants was 43 (range, 35-50), 100% were white, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 26.4. The statin group demonstrated a significant decrease in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), suggesting compliance with study medication. After accounting for BMI, there was no difference in change in MD between groups. There was a significant increase in serum IGF-1 in the statin group.In this multi-institutional randomized prospective clinical trial of premenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer, we did not see an effect of atorvastatin on MD. Further investigation of statins may be warranted; however, design of prior trials and potential mechanism of action of the agent need to be considered in the design of future trials. Cancer Prev Res; 9(5); 379-84. ©2016 AACR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: YongLi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rounds
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Abigail
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crocker
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Betsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sussman
authors.affiliation: University of California, Davis, California.
authors.forename: Russell C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hovey
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Fonda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Hyman B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Muss
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Judy E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Garber
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont. Marie.Wood@uvm.edu.
authors.forename: Marie E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000069059:Atorvastatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017697:Premenopause; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D000069059:Atorvastatin