title: Chitin and chitosan from the Norway lobster by-products: Antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities.
abstract: Chitin was recovered through enzymatic deproteinization of the Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) processing by-products. The obtained chitin was characterized and converted into chitosan by N-deacetylation, the acid-soluble form of chitin. Chitosan samples were then characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 13 Cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS)-NMR spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity and anti-proliferative capacity of chitosan were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity assays indicated that prepared chitosan exhibited marked inhibitory activity against the bacterial and fungal strains tested. Further, cytotoxic effects of chitosan samples on human colon carcinoma cells HCT116 was evaluated using the MTT assay. Chitosan showed the antiproliferative capacity against the colon-cancer-cell HCT116 in a dose dependent manner with IC50 of 4.6mg/ml. Indeed, HCT116 cell proliferation was significantly inhibited (p<0.05) between 13.5 and 67.5% at 0.5-6mg/mL of chitosan after 24h of cell treatment. The chitosan showed high antitumor activity which seemed to be dependent on its characteristics such as acetylation degree.
authors.affiliation: Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Nadhem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sayari
authors.affiliation: Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia; Institut Régional de Recherche en Agroalimentaire et Biotechnologie: Charles Viollette, EA1026, Equipe ProBioGEM, Université Lille 1, France.
authors.forename: Assaâd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sila
authors.affiliation: Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Baha Eddine
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Abdelmalek
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes, Faculté des sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Rihab Ben
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.affiliation: Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Semia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ellouz-Chaabouni
authors.affiliation: Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia; Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologies de Sfax, Département de Technologies Alimentaires, PB 1175, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia. Electronic address: ali.bougatef79@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bougatef
authors.affiliation: Unité Enzymes et Bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Rafik
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balti
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002686:Chitin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033364:Decapoda / Q000737:chemistry*; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D002686:Chitin; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Anti-proliferative property; Antimicrobial activity; By-products; Chitin and chitosan; Norway lobster