title: Methodological development for selection of significant predictors explaining fatal road accidents.
abstract: Identification of the most relevant factors for explaining road accident occurrence is an important issue in road safety research, particularly for future decision-making processes in transport policy. However model selection for this particular purpose is still an ongoing research. In this paper we propose a methodological development for model selection which addresses both explanatory variable and adequate model selection issues. A variable selection procedure, TIM (two-input model) method is carried out by combining neural network design and statistical approaches. The error structure of the fitted model is assumed to follow an autoregressive process. All models are estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method where the model parameters are assigned non-informative prior distributions. The final model is built using the results of the variable selection. For the application of the proposed methodology the number of fatal accidents in Spain during 2000-2011 was used. This indicator has experienced the maximum reduction internationally during the indicated years thus making it an interesting time series from a road safety policy perspective. Hence the identification of the variables that have affected this reduction is of particular interest for future decision making. The results of the variable selection process show that the selected variables are main subjects of road safety policy measures.
authors.affiliation: Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3135, USA. Electronic address: bahar.d@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dadashova
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Automobile Research (INSIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arenas-Ramírez
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Automobile Research (INSIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mira-McWilliams
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Automobile Research (INSIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aparicio-Izquierdo
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D057766:Policy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012449:Safety; D013030:Spain
keywords: Accident data; Accident prediction; Dynamic regression; Markov Chain Monte Carlo; Neural networks; Structural model; Variable/predictor selection