title: Mononuclear phagocyte accumulates a stearic acid derivative during differentiation into macrophages. Effects of stearic acid on macrophage differentiation and Mycobacterium tuberculosis control.
abstract: The fatty acid composition of monocytes changes substantially during differentiation into macrophages, increasing the proportion of saturated fatty acids. These changes prompted us to investigate whether fatty acid accumulation in the extracellular milieu could affect the differentiation of bystander mononuclear phagocytes. An esterified fatty acid derivative, stearate, was the only fatty acid that significantly increased in macrophage supernatants, and there were higher levels when cells differentiated in the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv or purified protein derivative (PPD). Exogenous stearic acid enhanced the expression of HLA-DR and CD64; there was also accumulation of IL-12, TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1 α and β and a reduction in MCP-1 and the bacterial load. These results suggested that during differentiation, a derivative of stearic acid, which promotes the process as well as the effector mechanisms of phagocytes against the mycobacterium, accumulates in the cell supernatants.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Sergio Fabián
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Mosquera-Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Grupo Insterdisciplinario de Estudios Moleculares (GIEM), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ana Cecilia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.affiliation: Grupo Insterdisciplinario de Estudios Moleculares (GIEM), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peláez-Jaramillo
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: mauricio.rojas@udea.edu.co.
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rojas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D013229:Stearic Acids