title: Beliefs about medicines are strongly associated with medicine-use patterns among the general population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate self-reported beliefs and perceived sensitivity to medicines and their effects in relation to self-reported use of medicines and herbal remedies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey sent to 13,931 randomly selected Swedish adults included the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-General (BMQ-General) Questionnaire and the Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines Scale (PSM). The survey also asked about individuals' use of prescribed and over-the-counter (OTC) medicines and herbal remedies in the past month. We examined all associations between scores on the BMQ-General subscales and PSM in relation to the use of medicines and herbal remedies, using analysis of covariance adjusted for potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 7099 respondents, those using herbal remedies exclusively believed strongly that prescription and OTC medicines are harmful and overprescribed. Respondents using prescription and OTC medicines reported more positive beliefs [coefficient 0.67 (95% CI 0.47-0.87) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.51-0.90)] on the benefits of medicines compared with those using herbal remedies [-0.18 (95% CI -0.57-0.20)]. Perceived sensitivity to medicines was higher among those using herbal remedies only [1.25 (95% CI 0.46-2.03)] compared with those using no medicines (reference 0) or prescription [-0.44 (95% CI -0.84 to -0.05)] or OTC [-0.27 (95% CI -0.66-0.12)] medicines alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Respondents using prescription and/or OTC medicines reported stronger positive beliefs about the benefits of medicines in general, supporting the hypothesis that beliefs influence medicine use. Therefore, addressing beliefs and concerns about medicines during patient counselling may influence medicine use, particularly regarding unintentional non-adherence.
authors.affiliation: Section of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3019-8452
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andersson Sundell
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jönsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D057566:Self Report; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D028321:Plant Preparations; D055553:Prescription Drugs