title: Phosphorylated Peptide Functionalization of Lanthanide Upconversion Nanoparticles for Tuning Nanomaterial-Cell Interactions.
abstract: Peptide modification of nanoparticles with high efficiency is critical in determining the properties and bioapplications of nanoparticles, but the methodology remains a challenging task. Here, by using the phosphorylated linear and cyclic peptide with the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) targeting motifs as typical examples, the peptides binding efficiency for the inorganic metal compound nanoparticles was increased significantly after the phosphorylation treatment, and the modification allowed for improving the selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio for cancer targeting and reduced the toxicity derived from nonspecific interactions of nanoparticles with cells owing to the higher amount of phosphopeptide binding. In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of various peptides on inorganic metal compound surfaces revealed that the peptide adsorption on the surface is mainly driven by electrostatic interactions between phosphate oxygen and the polarized interfacial water layer, consistent with the experimental observation of the strong binding propensity of phosphorylated peptides. Significantly, with the RGD phosphopeptide surface modification, these nanoparticles provide a versatile tool for tuning material-cell interactions to achieve the desired level of autophagy and may prove useful for various diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Caiyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Advanced Cytometry Laboratories, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
authors.forename: Yiqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.|Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) , Helwan, Cairo 11421, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Mohamed
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: El-Toni
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai 201203, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dianwen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wenning
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; D009842:Oligopeptides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid
keywords: autophagy; cancer target; lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles; peptide; phosphorylation