title: A randomized clinical trial of a parent-focused social-cognitive processing intervention for caregivers of children undergoing hematopoetic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Providing care to one's child during and after a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a universally stressful experience, but few psychological interventions have been developed to reduce caregiver distress. The goal of this study was to test the efficacy of a brief cognitive-behavioral intervention delivered to primary caregivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred eighteen caregivers were assigned either best-practice psychosocial care (BPC) or a parent social-cognitive intervention program (P-SCIP). The 5 session P-SCIP was delivered during the HSCT hospitalization. Caregivers completed measures of distress, optimism, coping, and fear appraisals preintervention, 1, 6 months, and 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  P-SCIP reduced caregiver's distress significantly more than BPC between the pretransplant assessment (Time 1) and 1-month follow-up assessment (Time 2). P-SCIP had a stronger effect than BPC among caregivers who began the hospitalization reporting higher depression and anxiety, and among caregivers whose children developed graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Long-term treatment effects of P-SCIP were seen in traumatic distress among caregivers who reported higher anxiety pretransplant as well as among caregivers whose children had GvHD at HSCT discharge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening caregivers for elevations in pretransplant anxiety and targeting interventions specifically to these caregivers, as well as targeting caregivers to children who develop GvHD, may prove beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manne
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mee
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bartell
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sands
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Michigan State University.
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Kashy
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome