title: Multifunctional polyelectrolyte microcapsules as a contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging in blood.
abstract: The polyelectrolyte microcapsules that can be accurate either visualized in biological media or in tissue would enhance their further in vivo application both as a carrier of active payloads and as a specific sensor. The immobilization of active species, for instance fluorescent dyes, quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, in polymeric shell enables visualization of capsules by optical imaging techniques in aqueous solution. However, for visualization of capsules in complex media an instrument with high contrast modality requires. Herein, we show for the first time photoacoustic imaging (PAI) of multifunctional microcapsules in water and in blood. The microcapsules exhibit greater photoacoustic intensity compare to microparticles with the same composition of polymeric shell presumably their higher thermal expansion. Photoacoustic intensity form microcapsules dispersed in blood displays an enhancement (2-fold) of signal compare to blood. Photoacoustic imaging of microcapsules might contribute to non-invasive carrier visualization and further their in vivo distribution.
authors.affiliation: Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia. yashenokam@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alexey M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yashchenok
authors.affiliation: FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jithin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jose
authors.affiliation: FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Trochet
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. g.sukhorukov@qmul.ac.uk.|RASA Center in St. Petersburg, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia. g.sukhorukov@qmul.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Gleb B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Sukhorukov
authors.affiliation: Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystem, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia.|RASA Center in Tomsk, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gorin
mesh_terms: D001769:Blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002214:Capsules; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D003287:Contrast Media; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water
keywords: blood; gold nanoparticles; photoacoustic imaging; polyelectrolyte microcapsules