title: Candidate Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life of Colorectal Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.
abstract: The population of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors is growing and many survivors experience deteriorated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in both early and late post-treatment phases. Identification of CRC survivors at risk for HRQoL deterioration can be improved by using prediction models. However, such models are currently not available for oncology practice. As a starting point for developing prediction models of HRQoL for CRC survivors, a comprehensive overview of potential candidate HRQoL predictors is necessary. Therefore, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify candidate predictors of HRQoL of CRC survivors. Original research articles on associations of biopsychosocial factors with HRQoL of CRC survivors were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers assessed eligibility and selected articles for inclusion (N = 53). Strength of evidence for candidate HRQoL predictors was graded according to predefined methodological criteria. The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used to develop a biopsychosocial framework in which identified candidate HRQoL predictors were mapped across the main domains of the ICF: health condition, body structures and functions, activities, participation, and personal and environmental factors. The developed biopsychosocial ICF framework serves as a basis for selecting candidate HRQoL predictors, thereby providing conceptual guidance for developing comprehensive, evidence-based prediction models of HRQoL for CRC survivors. Such models are useful in clinical oncology practice to aid in identifying individual CRC survivors at risk for HRQoL deterioration and could also provide potential targets for a biopsychosocial intervention aimed at safeguarding the HRQoL of at-risk individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More and more people now survive a diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The quality of life of these cancer survivors is threatened by health problems persisting for years after diagnosis and treatment. Early identification of survivors at risk of experiencing low quality of life in the future is thus important for taking preventive measures. Clinical prediction models are tools that can help oncologists identify at-risk individuals. However, such models are currently not available for clinical oncology practice. This systematic review outlines candidate predictors of low quality of life of colorectal cancer survivors, providing a firm conceptual basis for developing prediction models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands m.bours@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
authors.forename: Martijn J L
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bours
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bernadette W A
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Renate M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Winkels
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Fränzel J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: van Duijnhoven
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Netherlands Cancer Registry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Floortje
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mols
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eline H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: van Roekel
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Department of Health Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kampman
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Netherlands Cancer Registry, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beijer
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Matty P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Weijenberg
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Candidate predictors; Colorectal cancer survivors; Health-related quality of life; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; Systematic review