title: The influence of three different apical implant designs at stability and osseointegration process: experimental study in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to perform a histomorphometric and biomechanical comparison of three implants with different designs of the apical area to promote a better bone initial stability and its correlation with the osseointegration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four tapered implants with same length, diameter and surface properties but with three different apical configurations (Group I: MK4: Group II: C1 and Group III: MK7) were inserted in the tibia of rabbits. Implant stability and bone formation were evaluated by resonance frequency analysis measured at 0, 6, 8 and 12 weeks and by histomorphometric analysis performed at 6, 8 and 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical test to compare the stability through the implant stability quotient in the four times showed few differences between the groups and time periods proposed, with significance set at P < 0.05. In the bone-implant contact, by comparing the groups in the three times proposed, it was possible concluded that there is a similar behavior among the three implant design (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the limitations of this animal study, it can be concluded that the design of the apical area influences the implant stability and the bone-to-implant contact.
authors.affiliation: Biotecnos Research Center, Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gehrke
authors.affiliation: International Dentistry Research Cathedra, University Catholica of San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez-Albacete Martínez
authors.affiliation: Oral Pathology and Medicine in the Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Guarulhos, Guarulhos, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jamil A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shibli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinic of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Stomatology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Markovic
authors.affiliation: Dentistry Research Cathedra, University Catholica of San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Calvo Guirado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants
keywords: bone-to-implant contact; histomorphometric analysis; implant design; resonance frequency analysis