title: Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Risk of Diabetes Type 2: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the relationship between major dietary patterns and risk of diabetes type 2 among Iranian adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this population-based case-control study in Mazandaran province, we enrolled 332 subjects (110 newly diagnosed cases and 222 controls) aged 43 - 77 years. Dietary intakes were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data on demographic, anthropometric, socioeconomic characteristics and other covariates were collected using structured lifestyle questionnaires. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for risk of type 2 diabetes across quartiles of dietary pattern scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three major dietary patterns were identified, including: "healthy", "transitional" and "traditional". A significant direct association was found between the transitional dietary pattern and risk of diabetes type 2 after adjustment of potential confounders (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.0, 4.50; Ptrend = 0.02). The traditional dietary pattern was significantly associated with the increased risk of diabetes type 2 after controlling for confounders (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.03, 4.41; Ptrend = 0.01). There was no significant relationship between healthy dietary pattern and risk of diabetes type 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, transitional dietary pattern characterized by high consumption of salt, organ meats, dried fruits, poultry, tea, low- fat dairy and other vegetables. Traditional dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of garlic, dough, high- fat dairy, dried fruits, red meats, grains, as well as animal and hydrogenated fats were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. No significant associations were found between the healthy dietary pattern and risk of diabetes type 2.
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Marsa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaroudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. jamshid_1380@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jamshid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yazdani Charati
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Sharmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehrabi
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghorbani
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Jalal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norouzkhani
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirashiani
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nikzad
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Mirhossein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seiedpour
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Izadi
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirzaei
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Ghasem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oveis
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahangar
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azadeh
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: Ozra
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akha
authors.affiliation: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fazel-Tabar Malekshah
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004032:Diet; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires