title: Adding In Silico Assessment of Potential Splice Aberration to the Integrated Evaluation of BRCA Gene Unclassified Variants.
abstract: Clinical mutation screening of the cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 generates many unclassified variants (UVs). Most of these UVs are either rare missense substitutions or nucleotide substitutions near the splice junctions of the protein coding exons. Previously, we developed a quantitative method for evaluation of BRCA gene UVs-the "integrated evaluation"-that combines a sequence analysis-based prior probability of pathogenicity with patient and/or tumor observational data to arrive at a posterior probability of pathogenicity. One limitation of the sequence analysis-based prior has been that it evaluates UVs from the perspective of missense substitution severity but not probability to disrupt normal mRNA splicing. Here, we calibrated output from the splice-site fitness program MaxEntScan to generate spliceogenicity-based prior probabilities of pathogenicity for BRCA gene variants; these range from 0.97 for variants with high probability to damage a donor or acceptor to 0.02 for exonic variants that do not impact a splice junction and are unlikely to create a de novo donor. We created a database http://priors.hci.utah.edu/PRIORS/ that provides the combined missense substitution severity and spliceogenicity-based probability of pathogenicity for BRCA gene single-nucleotide substitutions. We also updated the BRCA gene Ex-UV LOVD, available at http://hci-exlovd.hci.utah.edu, with 77 re-evaluable variants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, CHUQ Research Center, Quebec City, Canada.
authors.forename: Maxime P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vallée
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Tonya L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Di Sera
authors.affiliation: ARUP Laboratories, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nix
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paquette
authors.affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Russel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frans B L
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hogervorst
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Goldgar
authors.affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Amanda B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Spurdle
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Sean V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Tavtigian
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D024682:BRCA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D012326:RNA Splicing
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein; C492913:BRCA1 protein, human; D024682:BRCA2 Protein; C551750:BRCA2 protein, human
keywords: BRCA1; BRCA2; cancer predisposition; rare variant; unclassified variant; variant of uncertain significance