title: Surface and thermal enhancement of the cellulosic component of thermo mechanical pulp using a rapid method: Iodomethane modification.
abstract: The feasibility of employing chemical methods for enhancement of cellulose-based materials is dependent on the availability, price, and green index of the modifying agent. This study details the use of iodomethane, an inexpensive organo halide, to increase the hydrophobicity of thermo mechanical (TMP) samples, which renders them better structural elements for composite materials. For this system, we studied the influence of various concentration of iodomethane, concentration of caustic, and reaction time. Infrared spectroscopy suggested reaction of the organo halide with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose and lignin components of TMP. Pulp samples treated for 4 h or at low caustic concentration showed the least improvements plausibly due to pulp degradation or poor pulp swelling, respectively. On the other hand, pulp treated at 3 h using high concentrations of caustic were characterized with surfaces that were more hydrophobic. Thus, this study outlines a fast and organic solvent-free (clean up) method that can be used to enhance pulp samples for composite applications.
authors.affiliation: Biorefining Conversions and Fermentation Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Biorefining Conversions and Fermentation Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
authors.forename: Paolo G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Mussone
authors.affiliation: Biorefining Conversions and Fermentation Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. Electronic address: david.bressler@ualberta.ca.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bressler
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004987:Ethers / Q000737:chemistry; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008031:Lignin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004987:Ethers; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; C014055:methyl iodide
keywords: Etherification; Iodomethane; Surface; Thermal characterization; Thermomechanical pulp