title: Sacral orientation and Scheuermann's kyphosis.
abstract: To examine whether the association between spinal alignment and sacral anatomical orientation (SAO) can be detected in skeletal populations, by comparing SAO values in individuals with a typical SD to individuals with normal spinal alignment. 2025 skeletons were screened for Scheuermann's disease. Scheuermann's kyphosis was established by the presence of apophyseal abnormalities associated with more than 5° of anterior wedging in each of three adjacent vertebrae. SAO was measured as the angle created between the intersection of a line running parallel to the superior surface of the sacrum and a line running between the anterior superior iliac spine and the anterior-superior edge of the symphysis pubis (PUBIS). SAO was measured on 185 individuals with normal spines and 183 individuals with Scheuermann's kyphosis. Out of 2025 skeletons, 183 (9 %) were diagnosed with Scheuermann's kyphosis. The sacrum was significantly more horizontally oriented in individuals with Scheuermann's kyphosis compared with the control (SAO: 44.44 ± 9.7° vs. 50 ± 9.9°, p < 0.001). Alteration in spinal biomechanics due to a horizontally orientated sacrum may be an important contributing factor for the development of Scheuermann's kyphosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ; Department of Physical Therapy, Zefat Academic College, Jerusalem Street 11, P.O. Box 160, 13206 Zefat, Israel.
authors.forename: Smadar
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9365-6305
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peleg
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 31905 Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Gali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ; The Zinman College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the Wingate Institute, 42902 Netanya, Israel.
authors.forename: Nili
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ; Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masharawi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel ; Physical Anthropology Laboratory, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, 1 Wade Oval Drive, University Circle, Cleveland, OH 44106-1767 USA.
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hershkovitz
keywords: Kyphosis; Lordosis; Pelvic incidence; Scheuermann’s kyphosis; Spinal alignment