title: Transcription Profiling of NOD-like Receptors in the Human Cornea with Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) in human corneas with disease and corneal cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of NOD1, NOD2, NLRP1, and NLRP3 was analyzed using real-time RT-PCR in (1) corneas with active infection, history of herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK), chronic allograft rejection, and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), and (2) human corneal cells after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Healthy corneas and cells without LPS served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mRNA levels of NOD2 and NLRP3 were increased in corneas with infection and HSK. Conversely, the levels of NOD1, NOD2, NLRP1, and NLRP3 transcripts were decreased in corneas with LSCD. In corneas with rejection, the expression of NOD1 and NLRP1 was downregulated. Corneal endothelial cells upregulated the expression of NOD2 and NLRP3 upon LPS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The changes in the NLR expression may reflect different susceptibility to infectious and non-infectious injuries in corneas with various diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Seoul National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.|b Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute , National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute , National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute , National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute , National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Seoul National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.|b Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute , National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Mee Kum
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Seoul National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.|b Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute , National University Hospital , Jongno-gu , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Won Ryang
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wee
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D000070576:NLR Proteins; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D000070576:NLR Proteins; C427903:NLRP1 protein, human; C453881:NLRP3 protein, human; C119067:NOD1 protein, human; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Cornea; NLRs; human; lipopolysaccharide; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors