title: A Comparative Study Between Bupivacaine with Adrenaline and Carbonated Bupivacaine with Adrenaline for Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of bupivacaine with adrenaline with that of carbonated bupivacaine with adrenaline on pain, onset of anesthesia and duration of anesthesia following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the patients who underwent surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar and who fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria from 1st June 2013 to 30th June 2014 were included in our study. Patients who were diagnosed as having impacted mandibular third molar were randomly allocated to two groups namely group A (bupivacaine with adrenaline), group B (carbonated bupivacaine with adrenaline). Pain during deposition of local anesthetic, onset of anesthesia and duration of anesthesia were compared between the two groups. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis by Chi Square test, Mann-Whitney U test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficacy of carbonated bupivacaine with adrenaline is more compared with bupivacaine with adrenaline in decreasing pain on deposition of local anesthetic solution and in rapid onset of anesthesia. The duration of anesthesia for carbonated bupivacaine with adrenaline and bupivacaine with adrenaline had no significant difference. The use of carbonated bupivacaine with adrenaline will reduce the patient discomfort both intra-operatively and post-operatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shyamala
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yuvaraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: SathyaNarayanan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Balaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neil Dominic
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam Post Office, Puducherry, 607402 India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nithin Joseph Jude
keywords: Alkalinisation; Bupicaine; Impacted third molar