title: Ambient air pollution and years of life lost in Ningbo, China.
abstract: To evaluate the burden of air pollution on years of life lost (YLL) in addition to mortality, we conducted a time series analysis based on the data on air pollution, meteorological conditions and 163,704 non-accidental deaths of Ningbo, China, 2009-2013. The mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide were 84.0 μg/m(3), 60.1 μg/m(3), 25.1 μg/m(3) and 41.7 μg/m(3), respectively. An increase of 10-μg/m(3) in particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide was associated with 4.27 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-7.38), 2.97 (95% CI -2.01-7.95), 29.98 (95% CI 19.21-40.76) and 16.58 (95% CI 8.19-24.97) YLL, respectively, and 0.53% (95% CI 0.29-0.76%), 0.57% (95% CI 0.20-0.95%), 2.89% (95% CI 2.04-3.76%), and 1.65% (95% CI 1.01-2.30%) increase of daily death counts, respectively. The impact of air pollution lasted for four days (lag 0-3), and were more significant in the elderly than in the young population for both outcomes. These findings clarify the burden of air pollution on YLL and highlight the importance and urgency of air pollution control in China.
authors.affiliation: Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China.
authors.forename: Tianfeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Zuyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yueping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xujun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Yuelun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Zhiwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Injury Control Research Center, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shankuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.|Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China.
authors.forename: Guozhang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.|Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Jinling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide