title: Metabolic Effects of a 24-Week Energy-Restricted Intervention Combined with Low or High Dairy Intake in Overweight Women: An NMR-Based Metabolomics Investigation.
abstract: We investigated the effect of a 24-week energy-restricted intervention with low or high dairy intake (LD or HD) on the metabolic profiles of urine, blood and feces in overweight/obese women by NMR spectroscopy combined with ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA). A significant effect of dairy intake was found on the urine metabolome. HD intake increased urinary citrate, creatinine and urea excretion, and decreased urinary excretion of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and hippurate relative to the LD intake, suggesting that HD intake was associated with alterations in protein catabolism, energy metabolism and gut microbial activity. In addition, a significant time effect on the blood metabolome was attributed to a decrease in blood lipid and lipoprotein levels due to the energy restriction. For the fecal metabolome, a trend for a diet effect was found and a series of metabolites, such as acetate, butyrate, propionate, malonate, cholesterol and glycerol tended to be affected. Overall, even though these effects were not accompanied by a higher weight loss, the present metabolomics data reveal that a high dairy intake is associated with endogenous metabolic effects and effects on gut microbial activity that potentially impact body weight regulation and health. Moreover, ASCA has a great potential for exploring the effect of intervention factors and identifying altered metabolites in a multi-factorial metabolomic study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark. 123zhenghong321@163.com.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China. 123zhenghong321@163.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark. kunchel@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Janne K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lorenzen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark. ast@nexs.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark. lehla@nexs.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Lesli H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark. yde@food.au.dk.
authors.forename: Christian C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yde
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark. mortenr.clausen@food.au.dk.
authors.forename: Morten R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark. hannec.bertram@food.au.dk.
authors.forename: Hanne Christine
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bertram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003611:Dairy Products; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009753:Nutritive Value; D050177:Overweight / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins
keywords: ASCA; body weight; dairy; feces; metabolome; short-chain fatty acid