title: Violence Against Doctors and Nurses in Hospitals in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study shows the rates of violence experienced by doctors and nurses and their ensuing responses including reporting rates and any effects experienced because of the violence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Survey for Investigating the Violence on Medical Employees was administered to 254 doctors and nurses. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the participants, 74.4% had been exposed to some form of violence. Most of the participants, 87.3%, experienced verbal violence; 12.2% experienced physical violence; and 0.5% experienced sexual violence. Logistic regression analysis indicated that married doctors and nurses are at risk of experiencing violence 0.5 times greater when compared with unmarried or widowed doctors and nurses (p = 0.026). The experience of violence differs by hospital type (p = 0.038) and years working in the healthcare industry (p = 0.042). Differences were also found regarding exposure to violence between doctors and nurses in terms of time of day (p = 0.031) and the work being performed (p < 0.001). The most cited cause of violence (50.8%) was the healthcare system. Verbal response was the most frequent reaction to violence (24.4%), with loss of occupational performance (58.2%) being the most cited negative outcome. Approximately 9.3% of the victims reported the violence to judicial authorities. A lengthy judicial proceeding was chosen as the most significant hindrance to reporting the violence (45.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reveals the effects of violence and reporting rates at two hospitals in Turkey, and it implies that underreporting of violence is an important issue. Therefore, hospital management should take measures to increase reporting and take necessary actions when violence is reported.
authors.affiliation: Author Affiliations: Department of Health Care Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Hacettepe University.
authors.forename: Sidika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: İpek
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Bilgin Demir
authors.forename: Seda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karsavuran
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ürek
authors.forename: Gülnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: İlgün
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000066550:Physical Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey; D064450:Workplace Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult