title: Analgesic medication use and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in African American women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Existing literature examining analgesic medication use and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk has been inconsistent, with the majority of studies reporting an inverse association. Race-specific effects of this relationship have not been adequately addressed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utilising data from the largest population-based case-control study of EOC in African Americans, the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, the relationship between analgesic use (aspirin, non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen) and risk of EOC was estimated by multivariate logistic regression. The association of frequency, duration, and indication of analgesic use on EOC risk was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aspirin use, overall, was associated with a 44% lower EOC risk (OR=0.56; 95% CI=0.35-0.92) and a 26% lower EOC risk was observed for non-aspirin NSAID use (OR=0.74; 95% CI=0.52-1.05). The inverse association was strongest for women taking aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease and women taking non-aspirin NSAIDs for arthritis. Significantly decreased EOC risks were observed for low-dose aspirin use, daily aspirin use, aspirin use for <5 years, and occasional non-aspirin NSAID use for a duration of ⩾5 years. No association was observed for acetaminophen use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, these findings support previous evidence that any NSAID use is inversely associated with EOC risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Peres
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.affiliation: Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street, Bioengineering Building 103, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Alberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
authors.forename: Elisa V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Bandera
authors.affiliation: Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2-526 Wolstein Research Building, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barnholtz-Sloan
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bondy
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Michele L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cote
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 602, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
authors.forename: Sydnee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crankshaw
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Medical Towers 611, 1717 11th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Funkhouser
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 602, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Moorman
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, 2020 Gravier Street, 3rd Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Edward S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Ann G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Medical Center-Knoxville, 1914 Andy Holt Avenue, HPER 390, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 602, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
authors.forename: Joellen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schildkraut
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018284:Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011379:Prognosis; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D020011:Protective Agents