title: Inflammatory arthritis in HIV positive patients: A practical guide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Musculoskeletal manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been described since the outset of the global HIV epidemic. Articular syndromes that have been described in association with HIV include HIV-associated arthropathy, seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SPA) (reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and undifferentiated SPA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and painful articular syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out a computer-assisted search of PubMed for the medical literature from January 1981 to January 2015 using the keywords HIV, acquired immune-deficiency syndrome, rheumatic manifestations, arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, anti-TNF and disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. Only English language literature was included and only studies involving adult human subjects were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are challenges in the management of inflammatory arthritis in patients who are HIV-positive, including difficulties in the assessment of disease activity and limited information on the safety of immunosuppressive drugs in these individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review focuses on the clinical characteristics of the inflammatory articular syndromes that have been described in association with HIV infection and discusses the therapeutic options for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Heart of England NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK. toch1@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adizie
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Department, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK. rjmoots@liv.ac.uk.|Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK. rjmoots@liv.ac.uk.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Moots
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. drbridget@gmail.com.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hodkinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Infection & Global Health, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. N.French@liverpool.ac.uk.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: French
authors.affiliation: Academic Rheumatology Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. a.o.adebajo@sheffield.ac.uk.
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Adebajo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001168:Arthritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents