title: Sepsis Causing Acquired Protein C and Protein S Deficiency.
abstract: Warfarin Induced Skin Necrosis is a well-known and dreaded complication in patients who is being started on warfarin without adequate bridging with other anticoagulants. The mechanism is thought to be due to protein C deficiency acquired after initial exposure to warfarin. We present a rather unusual cause of protein C deficiency due to sepsis resulting in warfarin induced skin necrosis. 43 year old lady who has been on chronic warfarin therapy secondary to anti phospholipid syndrome was admitted to the hospital for acute ischemic cerebellar stroke. Warfarin was held due to acute thrombocytopenia. She was discharged after restarting the warfarin. She presented back with septic shock due to pneumonia. She was found to have multiple necrotic areas consistent with skin necrosis. Unfortunately, patient died due to multi organ failure despite goal directed therapy. This case demonstrates the importance of recognizing the sepsis as an acquired cause of protein C deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Canton Medical Education Foundation, Canton OH, USA.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.affiliation: Canton Medical Education Foundation, Canton OH, USA.
authors.forename: Sweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.affiliation: Canton Medical Education Foundation, Canton OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lizcano
authors.affiliation: Canton Medical Education Foundation, Canton OH, USA.
authors.forename: Christie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications; D020151:Protein C Deficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D018455:Protein S Deficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000150:complications*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin
keywords: protein C; Protein S; sepsis; skin necrosis; warfarin.