title: Validation of Correction Algorithms for Near-IR Analysis of Human Milk in an Independent Sample Set-Effect of Pasteurization.
abstract: Commercial infrared (IR) milk analyzers are being increasingly used in research settings for the macronutrient measurement of breast milk (BM) prior to its target fortification. These devices, however, may not provide reliable measurement if not properly calibrated. In the current study, we tested a correction algorithm for a Near-IR milk analyzer (Unity SpectraStar, Brookfield, CT, USA) for fat and protein measurements, and examined the effect of pasteurization on the IR matrix and the stability of fat, protein, and lactose. Measurement values generated through Near-IR analysis were compared against those obtained through chemical reference methods to test the correction algorithm for the Near-IR milk analyzer. Macronutrient levels were compared between unpasteurized and pasteurized milk samples to determine the effect of pasteurization on macronutrient stability. The correction algorithm generated for our device was found to be valid for unpasteurized and pasteurized BM. Pasteurization had no effect on the macronutrient levels and the IR matrix of BM. These results show that fat and protein content can be accurately measured and monitored for unpasteurized and pasteurized BM. Of additional importance is the implication that donated human milk, generally low in protein content, has the potential to be target fortified.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. gynter1994@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Gynter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kotrri
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. gefusch@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fusch
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. kwanc4@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. choi7453@naver.com.
authors.forename: Dasol
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. choiar@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Arum
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. nkafi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Nisreen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Al Kafi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. nielsrochow@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rochow
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Room HSC-4F5, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. fusch@mcmaster.ca.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fusch
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007785:Lactose / Q000032:analysis*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D061352:Pasteurization; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D055550:Protein Stability; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008894:Milk Proteins; D007785:Lactose
keywords: analyzer; donor milk; fat; lactose; milk; nutrition; preterm; protein; term