title: A modified Tessari method for producing more foam.
abstract: This study aimed to develop a modified Tessari method for producing more sclerosing foam in treatment of extensive venous malformations. Sclerosing foam was produced by using Tessari method and the modified Tessari method. The procedure of the later was as follows: prepared foam in a sclerosant-air ratio of 1:4; connected three disposable 10 ml syringes to two medical three-way taps; drawn 4 ml of liquid sclerosant into one syringe and 16 ml averagely of air into the other two; then moved the plungers of all syringes back and forth for 20 times to produce sclerosing foam. The volume and foam half time (FHT) of foam produced by the two methods were compared. The average volume of sclerosing foam produced by Tessari method and the modified Tessari method were 9.8 and 19.7 ml, and assessed to have statistical difference. The FHT of foam produced by the two methods were 120 and 150 s, and assessed to have statistical difference. In conclusion, the modified Tessari method could produce more fresh and stable sclerosing foam.
authors.affiliation: School of Stomatology, Shandong University, No. 44, Wenhuaxi-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital of Jinan, No. 101, Jingliu-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Stomatology, Shandong University, No. 44, Wenhuaxi-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Institute of Dental Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhuaxi-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: An-Wei
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Institute of Dental Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhuaxi-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Institute of Dental Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhuaxi-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China ; Department and Institute of Dental Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi-Road, Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shao-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: Modified Tessari method; Sclerosing foam; Sclerotherapy; Tessari technique; Venous malformations