title: The effects of a 2-year individualized and family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet in children.
abstract: To investigate the effects of a long-term, individualized and family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet quality in children.
  
  
  
  We carried out a 2-year intervention study in a population sample of 506 children aged 6-8years in Finland in 2007-2012. We allocated the participants at baseline in the intervention and control group. We assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior by questionnaires and diet by food records.
  
  
  
  Total physical activity (+9min/d in intervention group vs. -5min/d in control group, p=0.001 for time*group interaction), unsupervised physical activity (+7min/d vs. -9min/d, p<0.001) and organized sports (+8min/d vs. +3min/d, p=0.001) increased in the intervention group but not in the control group. Using computer and playing video games increased less in the intervention group than in the control group (+9min/d vs. +19min/d, p=0.003). Consumption of vegetables (+12g/d vs. -12g/d, p=0.001), high-fat vegetable-oil based margarine (+10g/d vs. +3g/d, p<0.001) and low-fat milk (+69g/d vs. +11g/d, p=0.042) and intake of dietary fiber (+1.3g/d vs. +0.2g/d, p=0.023), vitamin C (+4.5mg/d vs. -7.2mg/d, p=0.042) and vitamin E (+1.4mg/d vs. +0.5mg/d, p=0.002) increased in the intervention group but not in the control group. Consumption of butter-based spreads increased in the control group but not in the intervention group (+2g/d vs. -1g/d, p=0.002).
  
  
  
  Individualized and family-based lifestyle intervention increased physical activity, attenuated increase in sedentary behavior and enhanced diet quality in children.
  
  
  
  ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01803776.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: anna.viitasalo@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viitasalo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: aino-maija.eloranta@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Aino-Maija
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Eloranta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: niina.lintu@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Niina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lintu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: juuso.vaisto@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Juuso
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Väistö
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: taisa.venalainen@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Taisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Venäläinen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: sanna.kiiskinen@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiiskinen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: panu.karjalainen@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Panu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karjalainen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: karjalainenjaana@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peltola
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: eeva.lampinen@santasport.fi.
authors.forename: Eeva-Kaarina
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Lampinen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. Electronic address: eero.haapala@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Eero A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Haapala
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Bioinformatics Center, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: jussi.paananen@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paananen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: ursula.schwab@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schwab
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: virpi.lindi@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Virpi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lindi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: timo.lakka@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Timo A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lakka
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Children; Diet; Intervention; Physical activity; Sedentary behavior