title: Evaluation of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 gene expression through the retinoic acid pathway by co-incubation of Blastocystis ST-1 with HT29 cells in vitro.
abstract: Blastocystis is a parasitic protist with a worldwide distribution that is commonly found in patients with colon and gastrointestinal pathological symptoms. Blastocystis infection has also commonly been reported in colorectal cancer and HIV/AIDS patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. To understand the pathway networks of gene regulation and the probable mechanisms influencing functions of HT-29 host cells in response to parasite infection, we examined the expression of 163 human oncogenes and kinases in human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells co-incubated with Blastocystis by in-house cDNA microarray and PCR analysis. At least 10 genes were shown to be modified following Blastocystis co-incubation, including those with immunological, tumorigenesis, and antitumorigenesis functions. The expression of genes encoding cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was markedly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Reverse transcriptase-PCR validated the modified transcript expression of CRABP2 and other associated genes such as retinoic acid (RA)-related nuclear-receptor (RARα). Together, our data indicate that CRABP2, RARα, and PCNA expressions are involved in RA signaling regulatory networks that affect the growth, proliferation, and inflammation of HT-29 cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. l University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Chieh
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Technology, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, No. 1,Changda Rd.,Gueiren District, Tainan City, 711, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Eing-Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsuey-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Informatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. l University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.|Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lih-Ren
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. l University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan. lynn@mail.ncku.edu.tw.|Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan. lynn@mail.ncku.edu.tw.|Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan. lynn@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Lynn L H
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan. hippo@mail.ncku.edu.tw.|Institute of Medical Informatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Cheng Kung University, No. l, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan. hippo@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jyh-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D016844:Blastocystis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D014212:Tretinoin
keywords: Blastocystis; Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2(CRABP2); HT-29 colonic epithelial cell; Retinoic acid receptor (RAR)