title: Intrapersonal, social-cognitive and physical environmental variables related to context-specific sitting time in adults: a one-year follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Investigating associations between socio-ecological variables and context-specific sitting time in adults can support the development of future interventions. The purpose of the present study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships of intrapersonal, social-cognitive and physical environmental variables with context-specific sitting time (i.e. TV-viewing, computer use, motorized transport, and occupational sitting) in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this longitudinal study, data were retrieved from a random sample of Flemish (Belgian) adults. At baseline, 301 adults (age, 43.3 ± 10.6 years) completed a questionnaire on context-specific sitting time and its potential predictors. After a 1-year follow-up period, complete data of 188 adults was available (age, 46.0 ± 10.4 years). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed for both the cross-sectional data at baseline (correlates) and the longitudinal data (predictors).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses revealed different relationships between sitting during TV viewing, computer use, motorized transport and occupation. Generally, change in cross-sectional correlates did not cause change in context-specific sitting time in the longitudinal analyses. Social-cognitive correlates/predictors were most frequently identified, followed by intrapersonal correlates/predictors. Attitude, self-efficacy, (social) norm and modelling were found to be the most consistently related social-cognitive correlates/predictors to context-specific sitting time. Limited evidence was available for relationships between physical environmental variables and context-specific sitting time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cross-sectional correlates differed from the longitudinal predictors of context-specific sitting time, highlighting the need for longitudinal research. The present study also underlined the need for family interventions to minimize context-specific sitting time, as both intrapersonal and social-cognitive variables were associated with context-specific sitting time.
authors.affiliation: Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Cedric.Busschaert@UGent.be.|Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium. Cedric.Busschaert@UGent.be.
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Busschaert
authors.affiliation: Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Ilse.Debourdeaudhuij@UGent.be.
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: De Bourdeaudhuij
authors.affiliation: Department Public Health, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Jelle.VanCauwenberg@UGent.be.|Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium. Jelle.VanCauwenberg@UGent.be.|Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium. Jelle.VanCauwenberg@UGent.be.
authors.forename: Jelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Cauwenberg
authors.affiliation: Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. greet.cardon@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Greet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cardon
authors.affiliation: Department Movement & Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. katrien.decocker@ugent.be.|Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium. katrien.decocker@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Cocker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001530:Belgium; D003071:Cognition; D003201:Computers; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D011187:Posture; D012044:Regression Analysis; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors