title: Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience From Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature.
abstract: Developmental tooth abnormalities in dogs are uncommon in general veterinary practice but understanding thereof is important for optimal management in order to maintain masticatory function through preservation of the dentition. The purpose of this review is to discuss clinical abnormalities of the enamel and general anatomy of dog teeth encountered in veterinary dental referral practice and described in the literature. More than 900 referral cases are seen annually between the two referral practices. The basis of the pathogenesis, resultant clinical appearance, and the principles of management for each anomaly will be described. Future research should be aimed toward a more detailed analysis of these conditions so rarely described in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University , Pretoria , South Africa.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boy
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Surgery, Animal Medical Centre Referral Services , Manchester , UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crossley
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria , Pretoria , South Africa.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steenkamp
keywords: concrescence; enamel hypoplasia; fusion; gemination; odontogenesis; tooth abnormalities