title: Growth and Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Wheat Seedlings to Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids 1-Octyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride and 1-Octyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bromide.
abstract: The toxic effects of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C8mim]Cl) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C8mim]Br) on wheat seedlings at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mg L(-1) were studied on the 7th, 10th and 13th days of cultivation. In addition, the concentrations of [C8mim]Cl and [C8mim]Br in nutrient solutions were determined by high performance liquid chromatography for the first time. The results showed that the concentrations of [C8mim]Cl and [C8mim]Br in nutrient solutions were stable during the exposure period. However, the reactive oxygen species levels in the wheat seedling cells were enhanced after exposure to [C8mim]Cl and [C8mim]Br, which resulted in oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the particular halide anion present in the IL compounds appeared to have little influence on the toxicity of ILs.
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China. wjh@sdau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China. lushzhu@sdau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lusheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D001965:Bromides / Q000737:chemistry; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C528768:1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium; D000838:Anions; D001965:Bromides; D002712:Chlorides; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: EC50; HPLC; Ionic liquids; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; ROS