title: [Health care use by free complementary health insurance coverage beneficiaries in France in 2012].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective was to investigate healthcare use among people covered by one of the two complementary healthcare insurance schemes available for people with low annual income: CMUC (universal complementary healthcare insurance) and, for people whose income exceeds the CMUC ceiling, ACS (aid for complementary healthcare insurance). Comparisons were made between CMUC and ACS beneficiaries versus CMUC and ACS non-beneficiaries and between CMUC beneficiaries and ACS beneficiaries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the national health insurance information system (SNIIRAM), people less than 60 years old covered by the general national health insurance (86% of the 66 million inhabitants) and with ACS or CMUC coverage in 2012 were selected. Diseases were identified using hospital diagnosis, drugs refunds and long-term chronic disease status. Hospital related diagnoses were categorized in major hospital activity groups. Sex- and age-standardized relative risk (RR) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 4.4 million (9.6%) CMUC beneficiaries and 732,000 (1.6%) ACS beneficiaries (56% and 54% women; mean age: 24 years and 29 years respectively versus 52% and 30 years for CMUC or ACS non-beneficiaries). CMUC or ACS beneficiaries had more often cardiovascular diseases (RR=1.4;2.1) and diabetes (RR=2.2;2.4). Their sex- and age-standardized hospitalisation rates for all diagnosis were higher (18%; 17%, RR=1.3;1.4) than CMUC or ACS non-beneficiaries (13%). This was especially the case for the following major groups: toxicology, intoxications, alcohol major group (RR=3.8;4.0); psychiatry (RR=2.8;4.1); respiratory disease (RR=1.9;2.3); infectious disease (RR=1.9;2.7). Compared with CMUC beneficiaries, ACS beneficiaries had more often cancer (RR=1.5), cardiovascular disease (RR=1.5), neurological disease (RR=2.7), psychiatric illness (RR=2.6), end-stage renal disease (RR=2.8), hemophilia (RR=1.4) or cystic fibrosis (RR=1.6) and they received also more often disability allowance (20%, 4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The disease and hospitalisation rates of ACS beneficiaries are similar or higher than those of CMUC beneficiaries, especially for disabling diseases. Both CMUC and ACS beneficiaries received healthcare for chronic diseases that can be targeted by prevention and screening programs for more optimal healthcare.
authors.affiliation: Département des études sur les pathologies et les patients (DEPP), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, 26-50, avenue du Professeur-André-Lemierre, 75986 Paris cedex 20, France. Electronic address: philippe.tuppin@cnamts.fr.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tuppin
authors.affiliation: Département des études sur les pathologies et les patients (DEPP), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, 26-50, avenue du Professeur-André-Lemierre, 75986 Paris cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.affiliation: Département des études sur les pathologies et les patients (DEPP), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, 26-50, avenue du Professeur-André-Lemierre, 75986 Paris cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Colinot
authors.affiliation: Département des études sur les pathologies et les patients (DEPP), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, 26-50, avenue du Professeur-André-Lemierre, 75986 Paris cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gastaldi-Menager
authors.affiliation: Département des études sur les pathologies et les patients (DEPP), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, 26-50, avenue du Professeur-André-Lemierre, 75986 Paris cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fagot-Campagna
authors.affiliation: Département des études sur les pathologies et les patients (DEPP), Caisse nationale d'assurance maladie des travailleurs salariés, 26-50, avenue du Professeur-André-Lemierre, 75986 Paris cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gissot
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006295:Health Resources / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019472:Universal Health Insurance / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Complementary health coverage; Couverture médicale complémentaire; Hospitalisation; Hospitalization; Morbidity; Morbidité; Précarité sociale; Social deprivation