title: First experimental feasibility study of VIPIC: a custom-made detector for X-ray speckle measurements.
abstract: The Vertically Integrated Photon Imaging Chip (VIPIC) was custom-designed for X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, an application in which occupancy per pixel is low but high time resolution is needed. VIPIC operates in a sparsified streaming mode in which each detected photon is immediately read out as a time- and position-stamped event. This event stream can be fed directly to an autocorrelation engine or accumulated to form a conventional image. The detector only delivers non-zero data (sparsified readout), greatly reducing the communications overhead typical of conventional frame-oriented detectors such as charge-coupled devices or conventional hybrid pixel detectors. This feature allows continuous acquisition of data with timescales from microseconds to hours. In this work VIPIC has been used to measure X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy data on polystyrene latex nano-colliodal suspensions in glycerol and on colloidal suspensions of silica spheres in water. Relaxation times of the nano-colloids have been measured for different temperatures. These results demonstrate that VIPIC can operate continuously in the microsecond time frame, while at the same time probing longer timescales.
authors.affiliation: Photon Science Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Abdul K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Rumaiz
authors.affiliation: Photon Science Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: D Peter
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Siddons
authors.affiliation: Fermi National Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deptuch
authors.affiliation: Department of Metrology and Electronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maj
authors.affiliation: Photon Science Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kuczewski
authors.affiliation: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriella A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Carini
authors.affiliation: X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.affiliation: X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dufresne
authors.affiliation: X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandy
authors.affiliation: X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bradford
authors.affiliation: Photon Science Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fluerasu
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A2T8.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sutton
keywords: VIPIC; XPCS; detectors