title: Incidence and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) in the United States: a population-based study.
abstract: We conducted prospective, community-wide surveillance for acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) in Rochester, NY and Marshfield, WI during a 3-month period in winter 2011. We estimated the incidence of ARIs in each community, tested for viruses, and determined the proportion of ARIs associated with healthcare visits. We used a rolling cross-sectional design to sample participants, conducted telephone interviews to assess ARI symptoms (defined as a current illness with feverishness or cough within the past 7 days), collected nasal/throat swabs to identify viruses, and extracted healthcare utilization from outpatient/inpatient records. Of 6492 individuals, 321 reported an ARI within 7 days (4·9% total, 5·7% in Rochester, 4·4% in Marshfield); swabs were collected from 208 subjects. The cumulative ARI incidence for the entire 3-month period was 52% in Rochester [95% confidence interval (CI) 42-63] and 35% in Marshfield (95% CI 28-42). A specific virus was identified in 39% of specimens: human coronavirus (13% of samples), rhinovirus (12%), RSV (7%), influenza virus (4%), human metapneumovirus (4%), and adenovirus (1%). Only 39/200 (20%) had a healthcare visit (2/9 individuals with influenza). ARI incidence was ~5% per week during winter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics,Mattel Children's Hospital,University of California Los Angeles (UCLA),CA,USA.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Szilagyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics,University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,New York, NY,USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blumkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine,University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,New York, NY,USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Treanor
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Work,University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,New York, NY,USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallivan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics,University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,New York, NY,USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albertin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics,University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,New York, NY,USA.
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lofthus
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics,University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,Rochester,New York, NY,USA.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Schnabel
authors.affiliation: Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation,Marshfield,WI,USA.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Donahue
authors.affiliation: Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Shay
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012621:Seasons; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs); influenza; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)