title: Beneficial Effects of Physical Exercise on Functional Capacity and Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Stress in Rats with Aortic Stenosis-Induced Heart Failure.
abstract: Objective. We evaluated the influence of exercise on functional capacity, cardiac remodeling, and skeletal muscle oxidative stress, MAPK, and NF-κB pathway in rats with aortic stenosis- (AS-) induced heart failure (HF). Methods and Results. Eighteen weeks after AS induction, rats were assigned into sedentary control (C-Sed), exercised control (C-Ex), sedentary AS (AS-Sed), and exercised AS (AS-Ex) groups. Exercise was performed on treadmill for eight weeks. Statistical analyses were performed with Goodman and ANOVA or Mann-Whitney. HF features frequency and mortality did not differ between AS groups. Exercise improved functional capacity, assessed by maximal exercise test on treadmill, without changing echocardiographic parameters. Soleus cross-sectional areas did not differ between groups. Lipid hydroperoxide concentration was higher in AS-Sed than C-Sed and AS-Ex. Activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase was changed in AS-Sed and restored in AS-Ex. NADPH oxidase activity and gene expression of its subunits did not differ between AS groups. Total ROS generation was lower in AS-Ex than C-Ex. Exercise modulated MAPK in AS-Ex and did not change NF-κB pathway proteins. Conclusion. Exercise improves functional capacity in rats with AS-induced HF regardless of echocardiographic parameter changes. In soleus, exercise reduces oxidative stress, preserves antioxidant enzyme activity, and modulates MAPK expression.
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Janini
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula Felippe
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dijon Henrique Salomé
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Urbano
authors.initials: LU
authors.lastname: Pagan
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonomo
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Regina Ruiz
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Luiz
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Damatto
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo D M
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cezar
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe Cezar
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Damatto
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Moreno
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Marchiolli
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: David Rafael Abreu
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Angélica Henrique
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denise Castro
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Rafael
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Laurindo
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katashi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okoshi
authors.affiliation: Botucatu Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Politi
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Okoshi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003971:Diastole; D004562:Electrocardiography; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013599:Systole
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D021122:Protein Subunits; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases