title: Laparoscopic implantation of artificial urinary sphincter: An option for treating recurrent female urinary incontinence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The failure rate for anti-incontinence surgery ranges from 5% to 80%. There is not actual consensus on the use of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) as treatment for recurrent urinary incontinence in women. Several authors have shown that AUS can be useful, if the intrinsic sphincteric deficiency is checked. We present the first case in Spain, to our knowledge, of laparoscopic implantation of AUS as treatment for female recurrent urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Under general anaesthesia, patient was placed in supine decubitus with slight Trendelenburg, access to the vagina was verified. Through a transperitoneal pelvic laparoscopic approach, Retzius space was opened and then the laterovaginal spaces up to the endopelvic fascia. To facilitate the dissection of the bladder neck, we inserted a swab into the vagina, performing simultaneous traction and countertraction manoeuvres. As an access port for the AUS, we widened the incision of the lower trocar. We adjusted the periurethral cuff and then placed the reservoir and the pump in the laterovesical space and the labia majora of the vulva, respectively. Lastly, we connected the 3 AUS elements and peritoneum was closed to isolate AUS from the intestine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surgical time was 92min, the estimated blood loss was <100cc(3) and the hospital stay was 48h. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The AUS was activated at 6 weeks. At 24 months, patient managed the AUS adequately and total continence was achieved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic implantation of AUS is a feasible technique. Transvaginal traction and countertraction manoeuvres can prevent intraoperative lesions.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, España. Electronic address: baldissera758@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Baldissera-Aradas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, España.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Villamil
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, España.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, España.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gil-Ugarteburu
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, España.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernández-Pello-Montes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, España.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mosquera-Madera
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D012008:Recurrence; D013030:Spain; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery*; D016741:Urinary Sphincter, Artificial
keywords: Artificial urinary sphincter; Esfínter urinario artificial; Incontinencia urinaria recidivada; Laparoscopia; Laparoscopy; Recurrent urinary incontinence