title: Pairing smoking-cessation services with lung cancer screening: A clinical guideline from the Association for the Treatment of Tobacco Use and Dependence and the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.
abstract: Smoking cessation is crucial for reducing cancer risk and premature mortality. The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended annual lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), and the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services recently approved lung screening as a benefit for patients ages 55 to 77 years who have a 30 pack-year history. The Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) and the Association for the Treatment of Tobacco Use and Dependence (ATTUD) developed the guideline described in this commentary based on an illustrative literature review to present the evidence for smoking-cessation health benefits in this high-risk group and to provide clinical recommendations for integrating evidence-based smoking-cessation treatment with lung cancer screening. Unfortunately, extant data on lung cancer screening participants were scarce at the time this guideline was written. However, in this review, the authors summarize the sufficient evidence on the benefits of smoking cessation and the efficacy of smoking-cessation interventions for smokers ages 55 to 77 years to provide smoking-cessation interventions for smokers who seek lung cancer screening. It is concluded that smokers who present for lung cancer screening should be encouraged to quit smoking at each visit. Access to evidence-based smoking-cessation interventions should be provided to all smokers regardless of scan results, and motivation to quit should not be a necessary precondition for treatment. Follow-up contacts to support smoking-cessation efforts should be arranged for smokers. Evidence-based behavioral strategies should be used at each visit to motivate smokers who are unwilling to try quitting/reducing smoking or to try evidence-based treatments that may lead to eventual cessation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.|Smilow Cancer Hospital at Yale-New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.|Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fucito
authors.affiliation: Wellspan Ephrata Community Hospital Wellness Center, Stevens, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czabafy
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hendricks
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Quitcenter, Lung Cancer Institute, Steeplechase Cancer Center, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Somerset, Somerville, NJ.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kotsen
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Dependence Program, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, School of Public Health, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Rutgers, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.|Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.|Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, South Carolina.
authors.forename: Benjamin A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Toll
mesh_terms: D026683:Advisory Committees / Q000458:organization & administration*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid / Q000191:economics; D006278:Medicare / Q000191:economics; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States
keywords: cigarette smoking; lung cancer screening prevention; smoking cessation; tobacco