title: Differential Proteomic Analysis of Human Saliva using Tandem Mass Tags Quantification for Gastric Cancer Detection.
abstract: Novel biomarkers and non-invasive diagnostic methods are urgently needed for the screening of gastric cancer to reduce its high mortality. We employed quantitative proteomics approach to develop discriminatory biomarker signatures from human saliva for the detection of gastric cancer. Salivary proteins were analyzed and compared between gastric cancer patients and matched control subjects by using tandem mass tags (TMT) technology. More than 500 proteins were identified with quantification, and 48 of them showed significant difference expression (p < 0.05) between normal controls and gastric cancer patients, including 7 up-regulated proteins and 41 down-regulated proteins. Five proteins were selected for initial verification by ELISA and three were successfully verified, namely cystatin B (CSTB), triosephosphate isomerase (TPI1), and deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein (DMBT1). All three proteins could differentiate gastric cancer patients from normal control subjects, dramatically (p < 0.05). The combination of these three biomarkers could reach 85% sensitivity and 80% specificity for the detection of gastric cancer with accuracy of 0.93. This study provides the proof of concept of salivary biomarkers for the non-invasive detection of gastric cancer. It is highly encouraging to turn these biomarkers into an applicable clinical test after large scale validation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 030031, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 030031, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Joon
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 030031, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Mee
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors.forename: Liu-Yin
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
authors.forename: David T W
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055313:Cystatin B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020543:Proteome / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C524994:CSTB protein, human; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C108174:DMBT1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D055313:Cystatin B; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase