title: Prussian Blue Nanoparticles as Multienzyme Mimetics and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavengers.
abstract: The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important mechanism of nanomaterial toxicity. We found that Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) can effectively scavenge ROS via multienzyme-like activity including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Instead of producing hydroxyl radicals (•OH) through the Fenton reaction, PBNPs were shown to be POD mimetics that can inhibit •OH generation. We theorized for the first time that the multienzyme-like activities of PBNPs were likely caused by the abundant redox potentials of their different forms, making them efficient electron transporters. To study the ROS scavenging ability of PBNPs, a series of in vitro ROS-generating models was established using chemicals, UV irradiation, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, high glucose contents, and oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion. To demonstrate the ROS scavenging ability of PBNPs, an in vivo inflammation model was established using lipoproteins in Institute for Cancer Research (ICR) mice. The results indicated that PBNPs hold great potential for inhibiting or relieving injury induced by ROS in these pathological processes.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Sunling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration , College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Chemistry, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration , College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University & Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D032701:Biomimetics; D002374:Catalase / Q000737:chemistry; D005295:Ferrocyanides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry*; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000737:chemistry; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005295:Ferrocyanides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D010544:Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C000170:ferric ferrocyanide