title: Effect of tanniniferous food from Bauhinia pulchella on pasture contamination with gastrointestinal nematodes from goats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tannin-rich plants have been examined as an alternative for controlling the gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. In vivo assays typically examine the anthelmintic activity in female fecundity and/or the adult worm burden, without considering other life-cycle stages or the impact on pasture contamination. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of tanniniferous food from Bauhinia pulchella in goats and the potential impact on pasture contamination with the infective larval stage of gastrointestinal nematodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen cross breed Boer goats that were naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes were fed tanniniferous concentrate from the leaves of B. pulchella and compared to a separate paddock of control animals without condensed tannin supplementation. A range of parasite characteristics were monitored throughout the 63 days of experimentation, including faecal egg count (FEC), egg hatching and relative numbers of hatched helminth larvae on herbage. Worm free tracer animals were used to assess the infective larval stage load of the contaminated pasture. The tanniniferous food did not reduce the combined FEC values, but egg hatching was significantly affected (p < 0.05). The pasture grazed by goats fed with tanniniferous food from B. pulchella showed reduced contamination through infective larval stages. Tracer goats maintained in paddocks grazed with animals fed with tanniniferous food had lower numbers of Trichostrongylus colubriformis than did those in the control group (86 % reduction).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Condensed tannin from B. pulchella showed anthelmintic activity, affected egg viability and reduced pasture contamination, which led to the reduced infection of the animals by T. colubriformis.
authors.affiliation: Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo-Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Picos, Piauí, Brazil. sglopes@ufpi.edu.br.|Laboratório de Controle de Parasitos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil. sglopes@ufpi.edu.br.
authors.forename: Suzana G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Controle de Parasitos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil. lilyanbruna@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lilyan B G
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Nutrição Animal, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. louvandini@cena.usp.br.
authors.forename: Helder
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Louvandini
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Nutrição Animal, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. abdalla@cena.usp.br.
authors.forename: Adibe L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Abdalla
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Controle de Parasitos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil. livio.martins@ufma.br.
authors.forename: Livio M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Costa Junior
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D036481:Bauhinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006041:Goats; D009348:Nematoda / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000469:parasitology*; D013634:Tannins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D012987:Soil; D013634:Tannins