title: Minimal Residual Disease and Childhood Leukemia: Standard of Care Recommendations From the Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario MRD Working Group.
abstract: Minimal residual disease (MRD) is an independent predictor of relapse risk in children with leukemia and is widely used for risk-adapted treatment. This article summarizes current evidence supporting the use of MRD, including clinical significance, current international clinical practice, impact statement, and recommended indications. The proposed MRD recommendations have been endorsed by the MRD Working Group of the Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario and provide the foundation for a strategy that aims at equitable access to MRD evaluation for children with leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Uma H
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Athale
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario (POGO), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario (POGO), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Malkin
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hitzler
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000592:standards*; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000592:standards*; D059039:Standard of Care
keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; acute myeloid leukemia; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; leukemia; leukemic relapse; minimal residual disease; pediatric; prognostication; risk stratification