title: Association Between Blood Pressure and Adherence to French Dietary Guidelines.
abstract: Adopting a healthy diet like the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean diet (MD) represents a major lifestyle for blood pressure (BP) control in general population. Nutritional policies, such as the French Nutrition and Health Program (Programme National Nutrition Santé or PNNS), have been implemented in several countries with the aims of preventing chronic diseases. The objective of our study was to investigate association between BP and adherence to PNNS guidelines compared with adherence to DASH or MD.
  
  
  
  We conducted a cross-sectional study in 11,302 untreated participants from the NutriNet-Santé study, a French web-based cohort study. Three validated scores reflecting adherence to PNNS guidelines, DASH diet, and MD were calculated from repeated 24-hour records. Three BP measurements using a standardized protocol were collected. Multivariate linear models were used to assess the associations between the dietary scores and BP.
  
  
  
  In women, independent of age, socioeconomic status, body mass index, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and physical activity, adherence to PNNS guidelines was inversely significantly associated with systolic BP (β = -0.63, P < 0.0001). This association was of similar amplitude that between BP and adherence to DASH-style diet (β = -0.66, P < 0.0001) or MD (β = -0.63, P = 0.0002). No significant association was found in men.
  
  
  
  Adherence to French nutritional recommendations was found negatively associated with BP at the same magnitude as adherence to well-known dietary pattern in the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Paris-Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Paris, France; Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France; helene_lelong@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lelong
authors.affiliation: Paris-Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Paris, France; Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blacher
authors.affiliation: Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Menai
authors.affiliation: Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galan
authors.affiliation: Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
authors.forename: Leopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fezeu
authors.affiliation: Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France; Department of Public Health, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hercberg
authors.affiliation: Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kesse-Guyot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D000073601:Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018673:Nutrition Policy
keywords: blood pressure; dietary scores; epidemiology; hypertension; nutritional policies.