title: Factors associated with perceived discrimination in health services of Brazil: Results of the Brazilian National Health Survey, 2013.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate factors associated with perceived discrimination in the health services of Brazil. It is a population-based epidemiological study using data from the 2013 National Health Survey, which had a complex sample design in three phases. For each domicile sampled, one individual aged 18 or over was selected (resulting in n = 62,202). The outcome analyzed was: Perception of discrimination by doctors or health professionals, suffered in the health services. A logistic regression model was estimated, adjusted for confounding factors. Discrimination was reported by 10.5% of the Brazilian population. The factors most frequently indicated were: lack of money (5.7%); and social class (5.6%). The adjusted model showed that the groups with the highest chance of feeling discriminated against were: women; individuals without complete primary education; non-whites; and those without a health insurance plan. The fact that one-tenth of the Brazilian population reported feeling discriminated against in the health services shows the need for regulation and wide debate in relation to the Brazilian laws that guarantee universal and equal access to the public and private health services.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, .cristiano.boccolini@icict.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Cristiano Siqueira
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Boccolini
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, .cristiano.boccolini@icict.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Patricia de Moraes Mello
authors.initials: Pde M
authors.lastname: Boccolini
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, .cristiano.boccolini@icict.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Giseli Nogueira
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Damacena
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, .cristiano.boccolini@icict.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Arthur Pate de Souza
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, .cristiano.boccolini@icict.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: Célia Landmann
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Szwarcwald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D006296:Health Services; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011287:Prejudice; D012923:Social Class