title: A review on animal models of stroke: An update.
abstract: Stroke is one of the major healthcare challenges prevailing across the globe due to its significant rate of mortality and morbidity. Stroke is multifactorial in nature and involves several cellular and molecular signaling cascades that make the pathogenesis complex and treatment difficult. For a deeper understanding of the diverse pathological mechanisms and molecular & cellular cascades during stroke, animal modeling serves as a reliable and an effective tool. This also helps to develop and critically analyse various neuroprotective strategies for the mitigation of this devastating disease. Animal modeling for stroke has been revolutionized with the development of newer and more relevant models or approaches that mimic the clinical setting of stroke to a greater extent. This review analyses experimental models of stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) and their reliability in stroke situation. Besides this, the review also stresses upon the use of various preclinical models to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms that operate during stroke and to elucidate new, safe and effective neuroprotective agents to combat this life threatening healthcare concern.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh PIN-160014, India. Electronic address: kumaruips@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh PIN-160014, India.
authors.lastname: Aakriti
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh PIN-160014, India.
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke
keywords: Animal modelling; Hemorrhagic; Ischemic; Stroke