title: Objective and subjective visual quality after implantation of all optic zone diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses: a prospective, case-control observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the objective and subjective optical quality of all optic zone diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients (50 eyes) having phacoemulsification and IOL implantation surgery were enrolled. 25 patients were implanted with all optic zone diffractive multifocal IOL and 25 patients with monofocal IOL. Objective optical quality parameters under 4 mm pupil using Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS), subjective visual acuity (VA) at 85 cd/m2luminance and questionnaire concerning halo and visual function were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The multifocal group gained similar objective optical outcomes, such as OQAS values at contrast 100%, 20%, 9%, modulation transfer function cut-off and Strehl ratio, as the monofocal group. Objective scatter index (OSI) was significantly better in the monofocal group. Distance corrected near VA, uncorrected near VA, distance corrected intermediate VA and uncorrected intermediate VA were significantly better in the multifocal group. The difference in uncorrected distance VA and best corrected distance VA between the monofocal and multifocal groups was not significant. Mild halos and glare were reported in both groups and a significant difference between the two groups was not observed; however, moderate glare and halos were reported only in the multifocal group (2/25). There was no significant difference between the two groups when visual function was compared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All optic zone diffractive multifocal IOLs provided almost the same objective optical quality as monofocal IOLs did under 4 mm pupil besides good all distance visual performance, but with greater OSI, indicating that implantation provides good optical quality in daytime but with more intraocular scatter light.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT02234635, post-results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Tianyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Huayou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yinying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Pingjun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yun-E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
keywords: Clinical Trial; Lens and zonules; Optics and Refraction