title: The structure of the UPPS-R-Child impulsivity scale and its relations with substance use outcomes among treatment-seeking adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A youth version of the UPPS Impulsivity Scale (UPPS-R-C) was previously shown to predict drinking initiation among pre-adolescents. The goals of the current study were to confirm the structure of the UPPS-R-C using a sample of treatment-seeking adolescents and to examine the scales' relations with alcohol use, marijuana use, and problems related to substance use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N=120; ages 12-18; M=15.7) completed questionnaires at treatment intake. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the UPPS-R-C was conducted using a 5-factor model with factors corresponding to negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking. Relations between UPPS-R-C factors and binge drinking, marijuana use, and problems resulting from substance use were examined using path analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CFA suggested the 5-factor model provided adequate fit to the data. The hypothesized path model was partially supported, positive urgency was associated with frequency of binge drinking, and both negative urgency and frequency of binge drinking was associated with problems due to substance use. Other hypothesized paths were not significant. Although not hypothesized, negative urgency was associated with frequency of marijuana use and lack of perseverance was associated with problems due to use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that the UPPS-R-C can be used with a treatment-seeking sample of adolescents. Furthermore, negative urgency, positive urgency, and lack of perseverance may be indicative of more severe substance use problems in a treatment setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Electronic address: tomko@musc.edu.
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tomko
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Electronic address: priscian@musc.edu.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Prisciandaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Electronic address: fallss@musc.edu.
authors.forename: Sandhya Kutty
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Falls
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Electronic address: magid@musc.edu.
authors.forename: Viktoriya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Magid
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Adolescence; Binge drinking; Marijuana use; Sensation seeking; Urgency