title: KMT2D regulates specific programs in heart development via histone H3 lysine 4 di-methylation.
abstract: KMT2D, which encodes a histone H3K4 methyltransferase, has been implicated in human congenital heart disease in the context of Kabuki syndrome. However, its role in heart development is not understood. Here, we demonstrate a requirement for KMT2D in cardiac precursors and cardiomyocytes during cardiogenesis in mice. Gene expression analysis revealed downregulation of ion transport and cell cycle genes, leading to altered calcium handling and cell cycle defects. We further determined that myocardial Kmt2d deletion led to decreased H3K4me1 and H3K4me2 at enhancers and promoters. Finally, we identified KMT2D-bound regions in cardiomyocytes, of which a subset was associated with decreased gene expression and decreased H3K4me2 in mutant hearts. This subset included genes related to ion transport, hypoxia-reoxygenation and cell cycle regulation, suggesting that KMT2D is important for these processes. Our findings indicate that KMT2D is essential for regulating cardiac gene expression during heart development primarily via H3K4 di-methylation.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Siang-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uebersohn
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: C Ian
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA benoit.bruneau@gladstone.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Benoit G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Bruneau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D004452:Echocardiography; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; C510860:Kmt2d protein, mouse; D008239:Lysine; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: ALR; H3K4 methylation; Heart development; KMT2D; Kabuki syndrome; MLL2; MLL4; Mouse