title: Putative consequences of exposure to Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with coronary heart disease in terms of humoral immune response and inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pathogens, including Helicobacter pylori (Hp), have been suggested to contribute to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), although the evidence still remains insufficient. The study was focused on the exposure of CHD patients to Hp and resulting anti-Hp heat shock protein B HspB antibody production in relation to the level of serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) as a marker of inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred seventy CHD patients and 58 non-CHD individuals participated in this study. Coronary angiography confirmed the atheromatic background of CHD. The panel of classical risk factors included: arterial hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, obesity and nicotinism. The Hp status was estimated by (13)C urea breath test and serology. Immunoblot and ELISA were used for screening the sera samples for anti-Hp HspB immunoglobulins (Igs) and LBP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coronary heart disease patients were exposed to Hp more frequently than non-CHD individuals. This was associated with increased levels of specific anti-Hp IgG2 and IgA as well as total IgA. Hp infected CHD and non-CHD donors produced anti-Hp HspB IgG cross-reacting with human Hsp 60. In CHD patients the LBP level was significantly higher in comparison to non-CHD donors. This was related to the severity of the disease. Type I Hp strains stimulated higher LBP levels than less pathogenic type II isolates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lipopolysaccharide binding protein secreted in excess together with anti-Hp HspB, cross-reacting with human Hsp60, may increase the risk of vascular pathologies in Hp-exposed CHD patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matusiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Biegański Regional Specialty Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chałubiński
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Biegański Regional Specialty Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Marlena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Broncel
authors.affiliation: II Cardiology Clinic, Bieganski Regional Specialty Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rechciński
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rudnicka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Eliza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miszczyk
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walencka
authors.affiliation: Biobank Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Strapagiel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gajewski
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gastroimmunology, Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chmiela
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; atherosclerosis; autoantibodies; heat shock protein; lipopolysaccharide binding protein