title: Mitigation of ammonia inhibition by internal dilution in high-rate anaerobic digestion of food waste leachate and evidences of microbial community response.
abstract: A high-rate anaerobic digestion of food waste leachate were tested using intermittent continuously stirred tank reactors (iCSTRs) to evaluate how severe ammonia inhibition could be mitigated with internal dilution strategy, and to identify how bacterial and archaeal community respond in genus and species level. Experimental results show that the digestion performance was well maintained up to hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 40 days but could not keep steady-state as HRT decreased to 30 days due to severe free ammonia (FA) inhibition. Coupling internal dilution was the key to relieve the inhibition since it reduced FA concentration as low as 62 mg/L even at HRT 30 days, which corresponds to organic loading rate of 5 g COD/L/d, demonstrating CH4 yield of 0.32 L CH4 /g CODadded . It was confirmed that the dilution offers iCTSRs manage severe ammonia inhibition with the balanced community structure between bacteria and archaea in this high-rate anaerobic digestion. Genus and species level pyrosequencing evidence that FA inhibition to community dynamics of Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta is strongly connected to methanogenesis, and Methanosarcina plays a key role in an iCSTR with the dilution. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1892-1901. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii.
authors.forename: Yeo-Myeong
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University, Nam-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Si-Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hang-Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Center for Water Resources Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seonbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Soil Environment Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea. hyunwoo@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000693:Anaerobiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005502:Food; D008697:Methane / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D062611:Solid Waste
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D062611:Solid Waste; D000641:Ammonia; D008697:Methane
keywords: ammonia inhibition; anaerobic digestion; free ammonia; internal dilution; next generation sequencing