title: Antiobesity Effects of Unripe Rubus coreanus Miquel and Its Constituents: An In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of the Underlying Mechanism.
abstract: Background. The objective of the present study was to perform a bioguided fractionation of unripe Rubus coreanus Miquel (uRC) and evaluate the lipid accumulation system involvement in its antiobesity activity as well as study the uRC mechanism of action. Results. After the fractionation, the BuOH fraction of uRC (uRCB) was the most active fraction, suppressing the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, after an oral administration for 8 weeks in HFD-induced obese mice, uRCB (10 and 50 mg/kg/day) produced a significant decrease in body weight, food efficiency ratio, adipose tissue weight and LDL-cholesterol, serum glucose, TC, and TG levels. Similarly, uRCB significantly suppressed the elevated mRNA levels of PPARγ in the adipose tissue in vivo. Next, we investigated the antiobesity effects of ellagic acid, erycibelline, 5-hydroxy-2-pyridinemethanol, m-hydroxyphenylglycine, and 4-hydroxycoumarin isolated from uRCB. Without affecting cell viability, five bioactive compounds decreased the lipid accumulation in the 3T3-L1 cells and the mRNA expression levels of key adipogenic genes such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS. Conclusion. These results suggest that uRC and its five bioactive compounds may be a useful therapeutic agent for body weight control by downregulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dool-Ri
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yujin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.lastname: Hunmi-Lee
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Donghyuck
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research (JINR), Jeollanamdo 529-851, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sunoh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim