title: Trends and drivers of debris accumulation on Maui shorelines: Implications for local mitigation strategies.
abstract: Marine debris, particularly plastic, is an identified concern for coastal areas and is known to accumulate in large quantities in the North Pacific. Here we present results from the first study to quantify and compare the types and amounts of marine debris on Maui shorelines. Surveys were conducted monthly between May 2013 and December 2014, with additional daily surveys conducted on Maui's north shore during January 2015. Debris accumulation rates, loads, and sources varied between sites, with plastics being the most prevalent type of debris at all sites. Large debris loads on windward shores were attributed to the influence of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and northerly trade winds. Daily surveys resulted in a significantly higher rate of debris deposition than monthly surveys. The efficacy of local policy in debris mitigation showed promise, but was dependent upon the level of enforcement and consumer responsibility.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Whale Foundation, 300 Ma'alaea Road, Suite 211, Wailuku, Maui, HI 96793, USA. Electronic address: LCBlickley@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lauren C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Blickley
authors.affiliation: Pacific Whale Foundation, 300 Ma'alaea Road, Suite 211, Wailuku, Maui, HI 96793, USA.
authors.forename: Jens J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.affiliation: Pacific Whale Foundation, 300 Ma'alaea Road, Suite 211, Wailuku, Maui, HI 96793, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kaufman
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006254:Hawaii; D010969:Plastics / Q000032:analysis; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics; D014866:Waste Products
keywords: Accumulation rates; Hawaii; Marine debris; Plastic pollution; Policy