title: Simultaneous determination of multiclass emerging contaminants in aquatic plants by ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion and GC-MS.
abstract: A multiresidue method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 31 emerging contaminants (pharmaceutical compounds, hormones, personal care products, biocides, and flame retardants) in aquatic plants. Analytes were extracted by ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion (UA-MSPD) and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after sylilation, The method was validated for different aquatic plants (Typha angustifolia, Arundo donax, and Lemna minor) and a semiaquatic cultivated plant (Oryza sativa) with good recoveries at concentrations of 100 and 25 ng g-1wet weight, ranging from 70 to 120 %, and low method detection limits (0.3 to 2.2 ng g-1wet weight). A significant difference of the chromatographic response was observed for some compounds in neat solvent versus matrix extracts, and therefore, quantification was carried out using matrix-matched standards in order to overcome this matrix effect. Aquatic plants taken from rivers located at three Spanish regions were analyzed, and the compounds detected were parabens, bisphenol A, benzophenone-3, cyfluthrin, and cypermethrin. The levels found ranged from 6 to 25 ng g-1wet weight except for cypermethrin that was detected at 235 ng g-1wet weight in O. sativa samples.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km. 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aznar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km. 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Albero
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km. 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Brunete
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km. 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Producción Agraria. Grupo de Agroenergética, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Avenida Complutense s/n, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martín-Girela
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km. 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain. tadeo@inia.es.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tadeo
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000032:analysis; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006728:Hormones / Q000032:analysis; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000032:analysis; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis; D045483:Rivers; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D013030:Spain; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001577:Benzophenones; D003358:Cosmetics; D004202:Disinfectants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D006728:Hormones; D009570:Nitriles; D010226:Parabens; D010636:Phenols; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C017160:cypermethrin; C005290:oxybenzone; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C052570:cyfluthrin
keywords: Aquatic plants; Biocides; Emerging contaminants; GC-MS; Oryza sativa; Pharmaceuticals; Typha angustifolia; Ultrasound-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion