title: Triticum mosaic virus exhibits limited population variation yet shows evidence of parallel evolution after replicated serial passage in wheat.
abstract: An infectious cDNA clone of Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) (genus Poacevirus; family Potyviridae) was used to establish three independent lineages in wheat to examine intra-host population diversity levels within protein 1 (P1) and coat protein (CP) cistrons over time. Genetic variation was assessed at passages 9, 18 and 24 by single-strand conformation polymorphism, followed by nucleotide sequencing. The founding P1 region genotype was retained at high frequencies in most lineage/passage populations, while the founding CP genotype disappeared after passage 18 in two lineages. We found that rare TriMV genotypes were present only transiently and lineages followed independent evolutionary trajectories, suggesting that genetic drift dominates TriMV evolution. These results further suggest that experimental populations of TriMV exhibit lower mutant frequencies than that of Wheat streak mosaic virus (genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae) in wheat. Nevertheless, there was evidence for parallel evolution at a synonymous site in the TriMV CP cistron.
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA. Electronic address: roy_french@mac.com.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: French
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Graybosch
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA. Electronic address: satyanarayana.tatineni@ars.usda.gov.
authors.forename: Satyanarayana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tatineni
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005796:Genes; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology; D019176:Potyviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D012692:Serial Passage; D014908:Triticum / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C409826:P1 protein, potyvirus; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Evolution; Genetic variation; Population genetics; Potyviridae; Triticum mosaic virus; Wheat virus