title: Club Cell-16 and RelB as Novel Determinants of Arterial Stiffness in Exacerbating COPD Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are acute events of worsened respiratory symptoms that may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality amongst COPD patients. The utility of lung-specific inflammatory mediators such as club cell protein-16 (CC-16) and surfactant protein D (SPD) and that of a novel marker of CV outcomes in COPD- RelB- in predicting adverse cardiovascular events during exacerbation is not known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight subjects with COPD admitted to the hospital for severe exacerbation were included in this analysis. Clinical, physiological and arterial stiffness measurements were performed within 72 hours of admission; this was followed by measurements taken every 3 days until hospital discharge, then once a week until 30 days after discharge, and then again at 90 and 180 days. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory mediators were measured from peripheral venous blood taken at admission, and at days 15, 30, 90 and 180.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CC-16 and RelB concentrations were increased at day 15 of exacerbations whereas SPD concentrations were decreased. The course of change in CC-16 and RelB levels over time was inversely associated with that of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, the gold-standard measure of arterial stiffness. Increases in CC-16 could predict a decreased number of subsequent exacerbations during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lung-specific (CC-16) and novel (RelB) biomarkers are associated with systemic cardiovascular changes over time. CC-16 can predict subsequent exacerbations in subjects with severe COPD and may be an important biomarker of pulmonary and systemic stress in COPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.|Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Labonté
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.|Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourbeau
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Stella S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Daskalopoulou
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coulombe
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Katie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Garland
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.|Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.|Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.|Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolyn J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Baglole
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / Q000097:blood; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D051841:Transcription Factor RelB / Q000097:blood*; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000097:blood*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; C497593:RELB protein, human; C556389:SCGB1A1 protein, human; D051841:Transcription Factor RelB; D014598:Uteroglobin