title: Rectal neuroendocrine tumor with uncommon metastatic spread: A case report and review of literature.
abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are rare neoplasms. Rectal neuroendocrine tumors consist approximately the 5%-14% of all neuroendocrine neoplasms in Europe. These tumors are diagnosed in relatively young patients, with a mean age at diagnosis of 56 years. Distant metastases from rectal neuroendocrine tumors are not very common. Herein we describe a case of a rectal neuroendocrine tumor which metastasized to the lung, mediastinum and orbit. This case underscores the importance of early identification and optimal management to improve patient's prognosis. Therefore, the clinical significance of this case is the necessity of physicians' awareness and education regarding neuroendocrine tumors' diagnosis and management.
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsoukalas
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Michail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galanopoulos
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tolia
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiakou
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nakos
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Aristoula
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papakostidi
authors.affiliation: Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Maria Kiakou, Department of Medical Oncology, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koumakis
keywords: Neuroendocrine tumor; Rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm; Rectal neuroendocrine tumor; Rectum; Uncommon metastatic spread