title: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by inhibiting BNIP3.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most effective compound in green tea, and possesses a wide range of beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiobesity, and anticancer effects. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of EGCG in concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis in mice and explored the possible mechanisms involved in these effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Balb/C mice were injected with ConA (25 mg/kg) to induce acute autoimmune hepatitis, and EGCG (10 or 30 mg/kg) was administered orally twice daily for 10 days before ConA injection. Serum liver enzymes, proinflammatory cytokines, and other marker proteins were determined 2, 8, and 24 hours after the ConA administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BNIP3 mediated cell apoptosis and autophagy in ConA-induced hepatitis. EGCG decreased the immunoreaction and pathological damage by reducing inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-1β. EGCG also exhibited an antiapoptotic and antiautophagic effect by inhibiting BNIP3 via the IL-6/JAKs/STAT3 pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGCG attenuated liver injury in ConA-induced hepatitis by downregulating IL-6/JAKs/STAT3/BNIP3-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sainan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yujing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yingqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000502:physiology; D053614:Janus Kinase 2 / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C508686:BNip3 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D003208:Concanavalin A; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; C507905:Jak1 protein, mouse; C507926:Jak2 protein, mouse; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D053614:Janus Kinase 2
keywords: BNIP3; EGCG; IL-6; JAKs; STAT3; apoptosis; autophagy; concanavalin A; hepatitis