title: Role of aetiology in the progression, regression, and parenchymal remodelling of liver disease: implications for liver biopsy interpretation.
abstract: Clinicopathological concepts on acute and chronic liver disease have evolved rapidly during the last few years, with advances in general and specific treatment options and improved patient outcomes. The old paradigm of 'irreversibility' of cirrhosis had been challenged in major ways, and the validity of the usage of the term 'cirrhosis' has come into question. This paper addresses aetiology-based clinicopathological concepts and features that may deserve attention because they may determine disease outcome and, specifically, patterns of regression and remodelling. A variety of therapeutic interventions may influence remaining disease features after elimination of damaging agents (virus, alcohol, etc.), and determine the final clinical outcome including the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). New concepts create new responsibilities and opportunities for the pathologist to contribute to the understanding of liver pathology and communicate this with clinical colleagues and researchers.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital and King's College, London, UK.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Venancio A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1053, Bordeaux University 2, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balabaud
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Prithi S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bhathal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Paulette
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bioulac-Sage
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Pathology, UCL Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: Amar P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Dhillon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine-DIMED, Pathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guido
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Prodromos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hytiroglou
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanuma
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Fairview Southdale Hospital, Edina, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Dale C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Snover
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology and Medicine (Division of Digestive Diseases), Beth Israel Medical Center of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Neil D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Theise
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Swan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Thung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Wilson M S
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA.|Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dirk J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001706:Biopsy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072356:Parenchymal Tissue / Q000473:pathology
keywords: biopsy; end stage liver disease; fibrosis; liver cirrhosis; liver regeneration