title: New developments in an old strategy: heterologous vector primes and envelope protein boosts in HIV vaccine design.
abstract: Prime/boost vaccination strategies for HIV/SIV vaccine development have been used since the early 1990s and have become an established method for eliciting cell and antibody mediated immunity. Here we focus on induction of protective antibodies, both broadly neutralizing and non-neutralizing, with the viral envelope being the key target antigen. Prime/boost approaches are complicated by the diversity of autologous and heterologous priming vectors, and by various forms of envelope booster immunogens, many still in development as structural studies aim to design stable constructs with exposure of critical epitopes for protective antibody elicitation. This review discusses individual vaccine components, reviews recent prime/boost strategies and their outcomes, and highlights complicating factors arising as greater knowledge concerning induction of adaptive, protective immunity is acquired.
authors.affiliation: a Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Musich
authors.affiliation: a Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robert-Guroff
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015488:HIV Antigens
keywords: DNA; Vector prime/envelope boost vaccine strategy; adenovirus; cellular immunity; monomeric/trimeric envelope immunogens; neutralizing/non-neutralizing antibody; poxvirus vectors