title: Oral health-related quality of life after orthodontic treatment for anterior tooth alignment: Association with emotional state and sociodemographic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to evaluate associations of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) with sociodemographic factors and with emotional state in adults after orthodontic treatment for anterior tooth alignment. Few studies have examined these specific associations in the past, one reason presumably being a lack of specific instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 128 adult patients consecutively treated with multibracket appliances were contacted during the retention period. The response rate was 68 %. They were asked to complete both an emotional well-being test (Zerssen Mood Scale, Bf-S) and a 52-item orthodontic survey of OHRQoL, which we had developed based on the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G14).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study demonstrated a high association of self-perceived apperance with OHRQoL and a strong role of the teeth and mouth. Aside from a few exceptions, the patients' responses in the survey did not reveal any significant gender-specific or age-specific differences. By contrast, patients in lower-than-normal spirits were found to also respond with significantly less favorable ratings to the survey items dealing with self-perceived overall attractiveness, facial attractivenss, and course of treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dental appearance has a psychosocial impact on private and job-related interactions, which can increase the motivation of those affected to seek treament. Our orthodontic OHRQoL survey proved to be informative and practical. Findings that were especially striking included the patients' high acceptance of the changes induced by treatment and their high willingness to recommend such treatment to other adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolenda
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fischer-Brandies
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ciesielski
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany. bernd.koos@uni-rostock.de.|Department of Orthodontics, University Medicine Rostock, Strempelstrasse 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany. bernd.koos@uni-rostock.de.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008603:Mental Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009909:Oral Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000523:psychology*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012649:Self Concept; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: OHIP-G14; Oral health-related quality of life; Psychosocial aspects; Skeletal malocclusion; Zerssen Mood Scale