title: Renoprotective effect of diosgenin in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder associated with genesis of diabetes related vascular diseases. Oxidative stress along with inflammation is the major causative factor leading to diabetic complications. The present study examined the protective effect of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, in diabetes induced early kidney injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45mg/kg) in rats followed by treatment for 28 days with diosgenin (5, 10 and 20mg/kg, oral). Blood glucose levels, lipid profile, serum advanced glycation end-products, biomarkers of kidney damage like urinary protein excretion, kidney hypertrophy index and creatinine in serum and urine were determined. Biochemical analysis of oxidative stress parameters such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and myeloperoxidase level were evaluated in kidney homogenates. Histopathological evaluation of kidney was also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with diosgenin significantly ameliorated the altered oxidative stress levels in STZ induced diabetic rats resulting in decreased LPO and increased endogenous antioxidant levels in a dose-dependent manner. Blood glucose was significantly decreased at 20mg/kg. The distorted levels of biomarkers suggestive of kidney damage were significantly normalized by diosgenin providing protection to kidneys also confirmed by histopathological studies. Decreased myeloperoxidase levels in diosgenin treatment groups revealed its anti-inflammatory activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The above study justifies diosgenin as a promising candidate in diabetes associated complication through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Divya M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kanchan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Gauresh S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Somani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Vaibhavi V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Peshattiwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Aakruti A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kaikini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), Mumbai, India. Electronic address: sadhanasathaye@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Sadhana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sathaye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D020011:Protective Agents; D013311:Streptozocin; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D004144:Diosgenin
keywords: Diabetes; Diosgenin; Kidney; Oxidative stress; Serum advanced glycation end-products