title: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality: Widespread variation in data intervals used for analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a growing body of evidence for the relationship between CPR quality and survival in cardiac arrest patients. We sought to describe the characteristics of the analysis intervals used across studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant papers were selected as described in our recent systematic review. From these papers we collected information about (1) the time interval used for analysis; (2) the event that marked the beginning of the analysis interval; and (3) the minimum amount of CPR quality data required for a case to be included in the analysed cohort. We then compared this data across papers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one studies reported on the association between CPR quality and cardiac arrest patient survival. In two thirds of studies data from the start of the resuscitation episode was analysed, in particular the first 5min. Commencement of the analysis interval was marked by various events including ECG pad placement and first chest compression. Nine studies specified a minimum amount of data that had to have been collected for the individual case to be included in the analysis; most commonly 1min of data. The use of shorter intervals allowed for inclusion of more cases as it included cases that did not have a complete dataset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To facilitate comparisons across studies, a standardised definition of the data analysis interval should be developed; one that maximises the amount of cases available without compromising the data's representability of the resuscitation effort.
authors.affiliation: Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia. Electronic address: milena.talikowska@postgrad.curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talikowska
authors.affiliation: Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tohira
authors.affiliation: Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia; St. John Ambulance, Western Australia, Belmont, WA, Australia; Emergency Department, St. John of God Murdoch Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia; St. John Ambulance, Western Australia, Belmont, WA, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finn
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000592:standards*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000592:standards*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends
keywords: Cardiac arrest; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Quality measurement