title: Prognostic significance of Claudin 12 in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Altered expression of the Claudin (CLDN) superfamily of tight junction proteins has been reported in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the immunohistochemical expression of CLDN 12 and its prognostic significance in breast cancer tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical expression of CLDN 12 was performed on tissue microarrays consisting of 232 cases of breast carcinoma and correlated with clinicopathological features as well as survival of the patients with breast cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative subgroup of patients with breast cancer, CLDN 12 expression was shown to be an independent predictor of poor overall survival (HR=2.345; p=0.020) and disease-free survival (HR=2.177; p=0.026) but not for the ER-positive tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that CLDN 12 expression could be clinically useful for predicting the survival of the ER-negative subgroup of patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Omid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Iravani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: George Wai-Cheong
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Aye Aye
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Thike
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Pei Jou
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jane Scully
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Puay-Hoon
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Boon-Huat
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Bay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D057167:Claudins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C522352:CLDN12 protein, human; D057167:Claudins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen
keywords: BREAST CANCER; HISTOPATHOLOGY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY