title: The characterization and optimization of NIO1 ion source extraction aperture using a 3D particle-in-cell code.
abstract: The geometry of a single aperture in the extraction grid plays a relevant role for the optimization of negative ion transport and extraction probability in a hybrid negative ion source. For this reason, a three-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model of the extraction region around the single aperture including part of the source and part of the acceleration (up to the extraction grid (EG) middle) regions has been developed for the new aperture design prepared for negative ion optimization 1 source. Results have shown that the dimension of the flat and chamfered parts and the slope of the latter in front of the source region maximize the product of production rate and extraction probability (allowing the best EG field penetration) of surface-produced negative ions. The negative ion density in the plane yz has been reported.
authors.affiliation: CNR-Nanotec, Bari 70126, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taccogna
authors.affiliation: CNR-Nanotec, Bari 70126, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minelli
authors.affiliation: INFN-LNL, Legnaro, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavenago
authors.affiliation: INFN-LNL, Legnaro, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Veltri
authors.affiliation: INFN, Bari 70126, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ippolito