title: Method for analysis of psychopharmaceuticals in real industrial wastewater and groundwater with suspended organic particulate matter using solid phase extraction disks extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
abstract: A rapid and reliable analytical method was developed for the quantitative determination of psychopharmaceuticals, their precursors and by-products in real contaminated samples from a pharmaceutical company in Olomouc (Czech Republic), based on SPE disk extraction and detection by ultra performance liquid chromatography, combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The target compounds were quantified in the real whole-water samples (water including suspended particles), both in the presence of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and high concentrations of other organic pollutants. A total of nine compounds were analyzed which consisted of three commonly used antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics), one antitussive agent and five by-products or precursors. At first, the SPE disk method was developed for the extraction of water samples (dissolved analytes, recovery 84-104%) and pressurised liquid extraction technique was verified for solid matrices (sludge samples, recovery 81-95%). In order to evaluate the SPE disk technique for whole water samples containing SPM, non contaminated groundwater samples were also loaded with different amounts (100 and 300mgL(-1)) of real contaminated sludge originating from the same locality. The recoveries from the whole-water samples obtained by SPE disk method ranged between 67 and 119% after the addition of the most contaminated sludge. The final method was applied to several real groundwater (whole-water) samples from the industrial area and high concentrations (up to 10(3)μgL(-1)) of the target compounds were detected. The results of this study document and indicate the feasibility of the SPE disk method for analysis of groundwater.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zdena
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Křesinová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Linhartová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Klára
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Petrů
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krejčová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Šrédlová
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic; DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00, Prague 5, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ondřej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lhotský
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Zdeněk
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kameník
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic. Electronic address: cajthaml@biomed.cas.cz.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cajthaml
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018153:Czech Republic; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Groundwater; Pharmaceuticals; SPE disks; Sludge; Suspended particulate matter; Whole-water