title: Single Stage Surgical Outcomes for Large Angle Intermittent Exotropia.
abstract: Although there were many prior studies about exotropia, few focused on large-angle intermittent exotropia. The goal of this study was to evaluate single-stage surgical outcomes for large-angle intermittent exotropia and analyze risk factors that may affect the success of surgery. Records from intermittent exotropia patients with exodeviations >60 prism diopters(PD) who were surgically treated at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, of Sun Yat-Sen University were reviewed. Included within this review were data on, pre- and post-operative ocular motility, primary alignment, binocular vision and complications. Patients with exodeviations ≤70PD received two-muscle surgery, while those with exodeviations >70PD were subjected to a three-muscle procedure. A total of 40 records were reviewed. The mean exodeviation was 73±9PD at distance and 75±26PD at near. There were 25 patients received two-muscle surgery and 15 the three-muscle procedure. Orthophoria (deviation within 8PD) was obtained in 77.5% of these patients and the ratios of surgical under-correction and over-correction were 15% and 7.5% respectively. However, when combining ocular alignment with binocular vision as the success criteria, success rates decreased to 30%. No statistically significant differences in success rates were obtained between the two- and three-muscle surgery groups. Seven subjects experienced an abduction deficit during the initial postoperative stages, but eventually showed a full recovery. One patient required a second surgery for overcorrection. No statistically significant risk factors for poor outcome were revealed. Our data showed that single-stage two- and three-muscle surgeries for large-angle intermittent exotropia are effective in achieving a favorable outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.|Department of strabismus and amblyopia, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jingchang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Daming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Heping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuelian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianqun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of strabismus and amblyopia, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005099:Exotropia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult