title: Associations between weight change and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in South Asians: secondary analyses of the PODOSA trial.
abstract: The association of weight changes with cardiometabolic biomarkers in South Asians has been sparsely studied.
  
  
  
  We measured cardiometabolic biomarkers at baseline and after 3 years in the Prevention of Diabetes and Obesity in South Asians Trial. We investigated the effect of a lifestyle intervention on biomarkers in the randomized groups. In addition, treating the population as a single cohort, we estimated the association between change in weight and change in biomarkers.
  
  
  
  Complete data were available at baseline and after 3 years in 151 participants. At 3 years, there was an adjusted mean reduction of 1·44 kg (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.18-2.71) in weight and 1.59 cm (95% CI: 0.08-3.09) in waist circumference in the intervention arm as compared with the control arm. There was no clear evidence of difference between the intervention and control arms in change of mean value of any biomarker. As a single cohort, every 1 kg weight reduction during follow-up was associated with a reduction in triglycerides (-1.3%, P=0.048), alanine aminotransferase (-2.5%, P=0.032), gamma-glutamyl transferase (-2.2%, P=0.040), leptin (-6.5%, P<0.0001), insulin (-3.7%, P=0.0005), fasting glucose (-0.8%, P=0.0071), 2-h glucose (-2.3%, P=0.0002) and Homeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: -4.5%, P=0.0002). There was no evidence of associations with other lipid measures, tissue plasminogen activator, markers of inflammation or blood pressure.
  
  
  
  We demonstrate that modest weight decrease in SAs is associated with improvements in markers of total and ectopic fat as well as insulin resistance and glycaemia in South Asians at risk of diabetes. Future trials with more intensive weight change are needed to extend these findings.
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cezard
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wallia
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.affiliation: Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.affiliation: Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria.|Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.|Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McKnight
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhopal
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Section, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lean
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sattar
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012606:Scotland; D013021:South Australia / Q000208:ethnology; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers