title: On the use of 31P NMR for the quantification of hydrosoluble phosphorus-containing compounds in coral host tissues and cultured zooxanthellae.
abstract: (31)P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) was assessed to investigate the phosphorus-containing compounds present in the tissues of the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata as well as of cultured zooxanthellae (CZ). Results showed that phosphorus-containing compounds observed in CZ were mainly phosphate and phosphate esters. Phosphate accounted for 19 ± 2% of the total phosphorus compounds observed in CZ maintained under low P-levels (0.02 μM). Adding 5 mM of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (KH2PO4) to the CZ culture medium led to a 3.1-fold increase in intracellular phosphate, while adding 5 mM of dissolved organic phosphorus led to a reduction in the concentration of phosphorus compounds, including a 2.5-fold intracellular phosphate decrease. In sharp contrast to zooxanthellae, the host mainly contained phosphonates, and to a lesser extent, phosphate esters and phosphate. Two-months of host starvation decreased the phosphate content by 2.4 fold, while bleaching of fed corals did not modify this content. Based on (31)P NMR analyses, this study highlights the importance of phosphonates in the composition of coral host tissues, and illustrates the impact of phosphorus availability on the phosphorus composition of host tissues and CZ, both through feeding of the host and inorganic phosphorus enrichment of the CZ.
authors.affiliation: Centre Scientifique de Monaco, CSM, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco.|LEA CSM-CNRS 647 'Biosensib', Monaco, Principality of Monaco.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godinot
authors.affiliation: University Nice Sophia Antipolis, Plate-Forme Technologique de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaysinski
authors.affiliation: University Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institut de Chimie de Nice - EEIC, UMR 7272 CNRS, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France.|Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale, UMR 7263 CNRS, IRD, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Station Marine d'Endoume, Rue Batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Olivier P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Centre Scientifique de Monaco, CSM, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco.|LEA CSM-CNRS 647 'Biosensib', Monaco, Principality of Monaco.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferrier-Pagès
authors.affiliation: Centre Scientifique de Monaco, CSM, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000 Monaco, Principality of Monaco.|LEA CSM-CNRS 647 'Biosensib', Monaco, Principality of Monaco.
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grover
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005994:Glycerophosphates; D063065:Organophosphonates; D010710:Phosphates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D010758:Phosphorus; C013216:potassium phosphate; C031463:beta-glycerophosphoric acid