title: Antimicrobial activity of a quaternary ammonium methacryloxy silicate-containing acrylic resin: a randomised clinical trial.
abstract: Quaternary ammonium methacryloxy silicate (QAMS)-containing acrylic resin demonstrated contact-killing antimicrobial ability in vitro after three months of water storage. The objective of the present double-blind randomised clinical trial was to determine the in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of QAMS-containing orthodontic acrylic by using custom-made removable retainers that were worn intraorally by 32 human subjects to create 48-hour multi-species plaque biofilms, using a split-mouth study design. Two control QAMS-free acrylic disks were inserted into the wells on one side of an orthodontic retainer, and two experimental QAMS-containing acrylic disks were inserted into the wells on the other side of the same retainer. After 48 hours, the disks were retrieved and examined for microbial vitality using confocal laser scanning microscopy. No harm to the oral mucosa or systemic health occurred. In the absence of carry-across effect and allocation bias (disks inserted in the left or right side of retainer), significant difference was identified between the percentage kill in the biovolume of QAMS-free control disks (3.73 ± 2.11%) and QAMS-containing experimental disks (33.94 ± 23.88%) retrieved from the subjects (P ≤ 0.001). The results validated that the QAMS-containing acrylic exhibits favourable antimicrobial activity against plaque biofilms in vivo. The QAMS-containing acrylic may also be used for fabricating removable acrylic dentures.
authors.affiliation: School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Si-ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Medicine, Department of Biological Structure, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Lige
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tonggu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Li-na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Shi-qiang
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Medicine, Department of Biological Structure, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Liguo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Ji-hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Cui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: The Dental College of Georgia, Department of Endodontics, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
authors.affiliation: The Dental College of Georgia, Department of Endodontics, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Franklin R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005673:Fusobacterium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008875:Middle Aged; D018704:Orthodontic Retainers / Q000382:microbiology*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds