title: Genotoxicity of monosodium glutamate.
abstract: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely used flavor enhancers throughout the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the genotoxic potential of MSG by using chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs), cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN), and random amplified polymorphic DNA-polimerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) in cultured human lymphocytes and alkaline comet assays in isolated human lymphocytes, which were incubated with six concentrations (250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 μg/mL) of MSG. The result of this study indicated that MSG significantly and dose dependently increased the frequencies of CAs, SCE and MN in all treatments and times, compared with control. However, the replication (RI) and nuclear division indices (NDI) were not affected. In this paper, in vitro genotoxic effects of the MSG was also investigated on human peripheral lymphocytes by analysing the RAPD-PCR with arbitrary 10-mer primers. The changes occurring in RAPD profiles after MSG treatment include increase or decrease in band intensity and gain or loss of bands. In the comet assay, this additive caused DNA damage at all concentrations in isolated human lymphocytes after 1-h in vitro exposure. Our results demonstrate that MSG is genotoxic to the human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara,Turkey.
authors.forename: Nazmiye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ataseven
authors.affiliation: Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara,Turkey. Electronic address: deniz@gazi.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yüzbaşıoğlu
authors.affiliation: Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, 71450, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayten Çelebi
authors.initials: AÇ
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.affiliation: Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara,Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ünal
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D012970:Sodium Glutamate / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D012970:Sodium Glutamate
keywords: Chromosomal aberrations; Comet assay; Micronucleus; Monosodium glutamate; RAPD-PCR; Sister chromatid exchanges