title: Discovery of plant extracts that greatly delay yeast chronological aging and have different effects on longevity-defining cellular processes.
abstract: We discovered six plant extracts that increase yeast chronological lifespan to a significantly greater extent than any of the presently known longevity-extending chemical compounds. One of these extracts is the most potent longevity-extending pharmacological intervention yet described. We show that each of the six plant extracts is a geroprotector which delays the onset and decreases the rate of yeast chronological aging by eliciting a hormetic stress response. We also show that each of these extracts has different effects on cellular processes that define longevity in organisms across phyla. These effects include the following: 1) increased mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential; 2) augmented or reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species; 3) decreased oxidative damage to cellular proteins, membrane lipids, and mitochondrial and nuclear genomes; 4) enhanced cell resistance to oxidative and thermal stresses; and 5) accelerated degradation of neutral lipids deposited in lipid droplets. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms through which chemicals extracted from certain plants can slow biological aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lutchman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Younes
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Medkour
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Eugenie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arlia-Ciommo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dakik
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Berly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Sadaf
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohtashami
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Mélissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McAuley
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chancharoen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Belise
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rukundo
authors.affiliation: Idunn Technologies Inc., Rosemere, Quebec J7A 4A5, Canada.
authors.forename: Éric
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Simard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
authors.forename: Vladimir I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Titorenko
mesh_terms: D066292:Lipid Droplets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: aging-delaying chemical compounds; cellular aging; longevity; plant extracts; yeast