title: Pupal productivity & nutrient reserves of Aedes mosquitoes breeding in sewage drains & other habitats of Kolkata, India: Implications for habitat expansion & vector management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The quality of breeding sites is reflected through the pupal productivity and the life history traits of Aedes mosquitoes. Using nutrient reserves and pupal productivity of Aedes as indicators, the larval habitats including sewage drains were characterized to highlight the habitat expansion and vector management.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pupae and adults collected from the containers and sewage drains were characterized in terms of biomass and nutrient reserves and the data were subjected to three way factorial ANOVA. Discriminant function analyses were performed to highlight the differences among the habitats for sustenance of Aedes mosquitoes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survey of larval habitats from the study area revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in the pupal productivity of Aedes among the habitats and months. Despite sewage drains being comparatively less utilized for breeding, the pupae were of higher biomass with corresponding adults having longer wings in contrast to other habitats. The nutrient reserve of the adults emerging from pupae of sewage drains was significantly higher (P<0.05), compared to other habitats, as reflected through the discriminant function analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results showed that for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, sewage drains were equally congenial habitat as were plastic, porcelain and earthen habitats. Availability of Aedes immature in sewage drains poses increased risk of dengue, and thus vector control programme should consider inclusion of sewage drains as breeding habitat of dengue vector mosquitoes.
authors.forename: Soumyajit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Sushree
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: Nabaneeta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: Siba Prasad
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Mohanty
authors.forename: Goutam K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata; Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India.
authors.forename: Gautam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aditya
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology*; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D003715:Dengue / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D003716:Dengue Virus; D017753:Ecosystem; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000821:virology*; D007814:Larva / Q000821:virology; D009032:Mosquito Control; D011679:Pupa / Q000821:virology; D012722:Sewage / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage