title: nCD64 index as a prognostic biomarker for mortality in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, there are still no easily obtained biomarkers for prognosis. As a high-affinity Fc receptor, CD64 is an early marker of immune response to bacterial infection, but its role in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) remains incompletely understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the prognostic role of the neutrophial CD64 (nCD64) index in AECOPD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cross-sectional study of all patient admitted between January 2013 to May 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  Provincial hospitals affiliated with a university.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and laboratory data were collected in patients admitted for AECOPD and stable COPD patients, in whom nCD64 index was obtained. A receiver operating characteristics curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels for the nCD64 index that discriminated survivors versus nonsurvivors during index hospitalization, and during a post-discharge period of 12 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  nCD64 index level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The white blood cell count, CRP (C-reactive protein (CRP) and PCT (procalcitonin) in AECOPD subjects (n=31) were all significantly higher than in controls (n=18) (P= 3.3 predicted in-hospital mortality with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 83%, respectively (area under the ROC=0.887; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.721-0.972, P < .001). An nCD64 index of 3.3 upon admission as the optimal cut-off level to predict post-discharge mortality had a sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 75%, respectively (area under the ROC=0.842; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.667-0.948, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An elevated nCD64 index was a reliable prognostic biomarker for both short-term and long-term mortality in patients admitted for AECOPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retrospective design prevented collection of enough evidence to demonstrate infectious origin for COPD in every patient. Unsure whether nCD64 differed between bacterial and viral exacerbation.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Dr. Dianjie Lin, No. 9677, The Olympic Mid Road,, Lixia District jinan Shandong, 250100 China, T: +86-0531-68773269, lindianjiesd@163.com.
authors.forename: Aljun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Dr. Dianjie Lin, No. 9677, The Olympic Mid Road,, Lixia District jinan Shandong, 250100 China, T: +86-0531-68773269, lindianjiesd@163.com.
authors.forename: Dianjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality*; D012372:ROC Curve; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000097:blood*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D002116:Calcitonin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein