title: Bakuchiol augments MyoD activation leading to enhanced myoblast differentiation.
abstract: Myoblast differentiation is fundamental to skeletal muscle development and regeneration after injury and defects in this process are implicated in muscle atrophy associated with aging or pathological conditions. MyoD family transcription factors function as mater regulators in induction of muscle-specific genes during myoblast differentiation. We have identified bakuchiol, a prenylated phenolic monoterpene, as an inducer of MyoD-mediated transcription and myogenic differentiation. C2C12 myoblasts treated with bakuchiol exhibit enhanced muscle-specific gene expression and myotube formation. A key promyogenic kinase p38MAPK is activated dramatically by bakuchiol which in turn induced the formation of MyoD/E protein active transcription complexes. Consistently, the recruitment of MyoD and Baf60c to the Myogenin promoter is enhanced in bakuchiol-treated myoblasts. Furthermore, bakuchiol rescues defective p38MAPK activation and myogenic differentiation caused by Cdo-depletion or in RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Taken together, these results indicate that bakuchiol enhances myogenic differentiation through p38MAPK and MyoD activation. Thus bakuchiol can be developed into a potential agent to improve muscular regeneration and repair to treat muscular atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Miran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ga-Yeon
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Go
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunmo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Eun
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Kee
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Wan
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ha
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kangj01@skku.edu.
authors.forename: Jong-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: gbae@sookmyung.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Gyu-Un
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000188:drug therapy; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D017570:MyoD Protein; D010636:Phenols; C491649:SMARCD3 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C012765:bakuchiol
keywords: Bakuchiol; Muscle regeneration; MyoD; Myoblast differentiation; Myogenic conversion; p38MAPK