title: [Normal sperm morphology and the outcomes of routine in vitro fertilization].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the application value of morphology assessment of sperm from fresh semen in routine in vitro fertilization (IVF).
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the morphology of the sperm from fresh or optimized semen samples and, based on the sperm morphology of the raw semen, allocated 908 IVF cycles due to the pure tubal factor to different groups: morphologically normal sperm (MNS) ≤ 4%, > 4% - ≤ 15%, and > 15% in Trial 1 and MNS ≤ 1%, > 1% - ≤ 2%, > 2% - ≤ 3%, and > 3%-- ≤ 4% in Trial 2. We compared the rates of fertilization, cleavage, high-quality embryo, -blastocyst formation, and pregnancy among different groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total fertilization rate was significantly lower in the MNS ≤ 4% than in the MNS > 4% - ≤ 15% and >15% groups (74.40% vs 78.61% and 80.03%, P < 0.01). Compared with the MNS ≤ 1%, > 1% - ≤ 2%, and > 2% - ≤ 3% groups, the MNS > 3% - ≤ 4% group showed remarkably increased rates of 2PN normal fertilization (77.23%, 78.97% and 78.99% vs 85.47%, P < 0.01), cleavage (95.71%, 96.01% and 97.27% vs 98.73%, P < 0.05), and blastocyst formation (53.85%, 49.01% and 49.55% vs 63.41%, P < 0.01). No statistically significant differences were observed in the rates of clinical pregnancy, implantation, early abortion, live birth, or malformation at birth among different groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MNS ≤ 4% affected the total rate of fertilization while MNS ≤ 3% reduced the rate of normal fertilization in IVF. However, even MNS ≤ 1% did not result in fertilization disorder or failure. Therefore, teratozoospermia alone was not an indicator of ICSI and sperm mor- phology assessment had no obvious value for predicting the rates of embryo quality, clinical pregnancy, and live birth in IVF.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jun-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Tai-shuai
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xian-bao
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Wei-hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology*