title: Organic Contaminant Abatement in Reclaimed Water by UV/H2O2 and a Combined Process Consisting of O3/H2O2 Followed by UV/H2O2: Prediction of Abatement Efficiency, Energy Consumption, and Byproduct Formation.
abstract: UV/H2O2 processes can be applied to improve the quality of effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants by attenuating trace organic contaminants (micropollutants). This study presents a kinetic model based on UV photolysis parameters, including UV absorption rate and quantum yield, and hydroxyl radical (·OH) oxidation parameters, including second-order rate constants for ·OH reactions and steady-state ·OH concentrations, that can be used to predict micropollutant abatement in wastewater. The UV/H2O2 kinetic model successfully predicted the abatement efficiencies of 16 target micropollutants in bench-scale UV and UV/H2O2 experiments in 10 secondary wastewater effluents. The model was then used to calculate the electric energies required to achieve specific levels of micropollutant abatement in several advanced wastewater treatment scenarios using various combinations of ozone, UV, and H2O2. UV/H2O2 is more energy-intensive than ozonation for abatement of most micropollutants. Nevertheless, UV/H2O2 is not limited by the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and bromate whereas ozonation may produce significant concentrations of these oxidation byproducts, as observed in some of the tested wastewater effluents. The combined process of O3/H2O2 followed by UV/H2O2, which may be warranted in some potable reuse applications, can achieve superior micropollutant abatement with reduced energy consumption compared to UV/H2O2 and reduced oxidation byproduct formation (i.e., NDMA and/or bromate) compared to conventional ozonation.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , 123, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea.|Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Yunho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas , Box 454015, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4015, United States.|Trussell Technologies, Inc. , 6540 Lusk Boulevard, Suite C274, San Diego, California 92121, United States.|Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority , P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-9954, United States.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gerrity
authors.affiliation: Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.|School of Architecture, Civil, and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Minju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority , P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-9954, United States.
authors.forename: Sujanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gamage
authors.affiliation: Trussell Technologies, Inc. , 6540 Lusk Boulevard, Suite C274, San Diego, California 92121, United States.|Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority , P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-9954, United States.
authors.forename: Aleksey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pisarenko
authors.affiliation: Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority , P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-9954, United States.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Trenholm
authors.affiliation: Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Canonica
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona , 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Harshbarger 108, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0011, United States.
authors.forename: Shane A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.affiliation: Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.|School of Architecture, Civil, and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: von Gunten
mesh_terms: D001959:Bromates / Q000737:chemistry; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000737:chemistry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001959:Bromates; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D010126:Ozone; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical