title: Virginity Testing Beyond a Medical Examination.
abstract: Apart from religious values, virginity is important in different communities because of its prominent role in reducing sexually transmitted diseases and teen pregnancies. Even though virginity testing has been proclaimed an example of violence against women by the World Health Organization, it is still conducted in many countries, including Iran. 16 in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants aged 32 to 60 years to elucidate the perceptions and experiences of Iranian examiners of virginity testing.The perception and experience of examiners were reflected in five main themes. The result of this study indicated that virginity testing is more than a medical examination, considering the cultural factors involved and its overt and covert consequences. In Iran, testing is performed for both formal and informal reasons, and examiners view such testing with ambiguity about the accuracy and certainty of the diagnosis and uncertainty about ethics and reproductive rights. Examiners are affected by the overt and covert consequences of virginity testing, beliefs and cultural values underlying virginity testing, and informal and formal reasons for virginity testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. robatjazimehri@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mehri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robatjazi
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simbar
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nahidi
authors.forename: Jaber
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gharehdaghi
authors.forename: Mohammadali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emamhadi
authors.forename: Abou-Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Vedadhir
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alavimajd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D058869:Gynecological Examination / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007492:Iran; D008875:Middle Aged; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012746:Sexual Abstinence / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D014933:Women's Rights