title: Effect of Musca domestic maggot polypeptide extract on HUVEC dysfunction induced by early-activated macrophages.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Musca domestica Linn. maggot is a traditional Chinese medicine. In our previous studies, Musca domestica maggot protein-enriched fraction and polypeptide extract (molecular weight <30 kD) were found to reverse endothelial cell dysfunction in atherosclerotic lesions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study determines whether and how M. domestica maggot polypeptide extract affects the dysfunction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced by macrophages (Mϕ).
  
  
  METHODS
  HUVEC and early-activated THP-1 Mϕ (incubated with LPS of 1 μg/ml for 2 h) were co-cultured in a Transwell system. The effects of Musca domestica maggot polypeptide extract (with increasing concentrations, i.e., 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 µg/ml) on the proliferation and migration HUVEC and their secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined by flow cytometry, modified Boyden chamber assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after incubation for 24 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Musca domestica maggot polypeptide extract decreased the proliferation of HUVEC in a concentration-dependent manner, with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 22.16 ± 1.48 µg/ml, and effectively inhibited HUVEC migration (EC50 = 35.15 ± 2.03 µg/ml) and VEGF secretion (EC50 = 28.64 ± 1.29 µg/ml).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Musca domestica maggot polypeptide extract can inhibit the dysfunction of HUVEC induced by early-activated THP-1 Mϕ.
authors.affiliation: a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Basic Courses , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China and.
authors.forename: Fujiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Basic Courses , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China and.
authors.forename: Xiaobao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: b School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Basic Courses , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China and.
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Basic Courses , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , China and.
authors.forename: Jiayong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006793:Houseflies; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010455:Peptides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D010455:Peptides
keywords: Migration; VEGF; proliferation