title: Simple and Fast Extraction-Coupled UPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Mequindox and Its Major Metabolites in Food Animal Tissues.
abstract: This research described a sensitive and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of mequindox and its six major metabolites in chicken muscle, chicken liver, swine muscle, and swine liver. Among the metabolites, carbonyl reduction-1,4-bisdesoxy-mequindox is novel. Target analytes could be extracted by ethyl acetate without any acidolysis or enzymolysis steps. After purification by a Bond Elut C18 cartridge, analysis was carried out by UPLC-MS/MS using positive ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Validation was performed in spiked samples, and mean recoveries ranged from 64.3 to 114.4%, with intraday and interday variations of less than 14.7 and 19.2%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was <1.0 μg kg(-1), whereas the limit of quantification (LOQ) was <4.0 μg kg(-1). This procedure will help monitor mequindox residues in animal-derived food, and it will also facilitate further pharmacokinetics of mequindox.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Yantai University , Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Yantai University , Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liting
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Yantai University , Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanshen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Yantai University , Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yongtao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Yantai University , Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China.|Hua Hai Property & Casualty Insurance Co., Ltd , Yantai, Shandong 264005, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013552:Swine; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C545385:Mequindox; D011810:Quinoxalines
keywords: UPLC-MS/MS; animal-derived food; mequindox; metabolites; residue analysis