title: The impact of false warnings on partial and full lane departure warnings effectiveness and acceptance in car driving.
abstract: In the past, lane departure warnings (LDWs) were demonstrated to improve driving behaviours during lane departures but little is known about the effects of unreliable warnings. This experiment focused on the influence of false warnings alone or in combination with missed warnings and warning onset on assistance effectiveness and acceptance. Two assistance unreliability levels (33 and 17%) and two warning onsets (partial and full lane departure) were manipulated in order to investigate interaction. Results showed that assistance, regardless unreliability levels and warning onsets, improved driving behaviours during lane departure episodes and outside of these episodes by favouring better lane-keeping performances. Full lane departure and highly unreliable warnings, however, reduced assistance efficiency. Drivers' assistance acceptance was better for the most reliable warnings and for the subsequent warnings. The data indicate that imperfect LDWs (false warnings or false and missed warnings) further improve driving behaviours compared to no assistance. Practitioner Summary: This study revealed that imperfect lane departure warnings are able to significantly improve driving performances and that warning onset is a key element for assistance effectiveness and acceptance. The conclusion may be of particular interest for lane departure warning designers.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Institut de Psychologie , University Lyon 2 , Bron Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Institut de Psychologie , University Lyon 2 , Bron Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yousfi
authors.affiliation: a Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Institut de Psychologie , University Lyon 2 , Bron Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deniel
authors.affiliation: b LESCOT-TS2-IFSTTAR (French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks) , Bron Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jallais
authors.affiliation: b LESCOT-TS2-IFSTTAR (French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks) , Bron Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.affiliation: b LESCOT-TS2-IFSTTAR (French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks) , Bron Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fort
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001336:Automobiles; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012449:Safety; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Lane departure warning; alert miss; false alert; steering behaviour; warning onset