title: Inhibition of polyamine oxidase activity affects tumor development during the maize-Ustilago maydis interaction.
abstract: Ustilago maydis is a biotrophic plant pathogenic fungus that leads to tumor development in the aerial tissues of its host, Zea mays. These tumors are the result of cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and are accompanied by the reprograming of primary and secondary metabolism of infected plants. Up to now, little is known regarding key plant actors and their role in tumor development during the interaction with U. maydis. Polyamines are small aliphatic amines that regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. In a previous study, we found substantial increases of polyamine levels in tumors. In the present work, we describe the maize polyamine oxidase (PAO) gene family, its contribution to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and its possible role in tumor development induced by U. maydis. Histochemical analysis revealed that chlorotic lesions and maize tumors induced by U. maydis accumulate H2O2 to significant levels. Maize plants inoculated with U. maydis and treated with the PAO inhibitor 1,8-diaminooctane exhibit a notable reduction of H2O2 accumulation in infected tissues and a significant drop in PAO activity. This treatment also reduced disease symptoms in infected plants. Finally, among six maize PAO genes only the ZmPAO1, which encodes an extracellular enzyme, is up-regulated in tumors. Our data suggest that H2O2 produced through PA catabolism by ZmPAO1 plays an important role in tumor development during the maize-U. maydis interaction.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Salvador Nava Mtz. s/n, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco Ignacio
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Jasso-Robles
authors.affiliation: División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa de San José 2055, Apartado Postal 3-74 Tangamanga, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Bremont
authors.affiliation: División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa de San José 2055, Apartado Postal 3-74 Tangamanga, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Becerra-Flora
authors.affiliation: División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa de San José 2055, Apartado Postal 3-74 Tangamanga, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juárez-Montiel
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina.
authors.forename: María Elisa
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina.
authors.forename: Fernando Luis
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Pieckenstain
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava Mtz, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ramón Fernando
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: García de la Cruz
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Salvador Nava Mtz. s/n, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Electronic address: mrodriguez@fc.uaslp.mx.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Kessler
mesh_terms: D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010941:Plant Tumors / Q000382:microbiology*; D014588:Ustilago / Q000502:physiology*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000097667:Polyamine Oxidase
chemical_list: D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000097667:Polyamine Oxidase
keywords: 1,8-Diaminooctane; Biotic stress; Cell elongation; Hydrogen peroxide; Plant tumors; Polyamine oxidase; Ustilago maydis