title: Vaccine effectiveness of PCV13 in a 3+1 vaccination schedule.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of PCV13 for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) regarding the extra six serotypes with a 3+1 schedule in Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Active surveillance for IPD in children <16 years eligible for PCV13 vaccination. We used the Broome method and logistic regression to estimate VE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data on 164/304 reported IPD cases were informative and met the inclusion criteria. VE for the extra six serotypes was 88% [95% confidence interval (CI): 73; 95] and 83% [56; 94] for at least one and for at least two doses respectively. VE for the complete 3+1 vaccination schedule was not conclusive because of a wide 95% CI. For serotype 3 VE appeared to be zero with an even wider 95% CI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCV13 VE against the extra six serotypes with the 3+1 schedule in Germany was only marginally higher compared to previously published data for the 2+1 schedule.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: Raphael.Weinberger@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weinberger
authors.affiliation: National Reference Centre for Streptococci, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.affiliation: National Reference Centre for Streptococci, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imöhl
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Kries
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007223:Infant; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D065288:Serogroup; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C538862:13-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
keywords: 3+1 Vaccination schedule; Germany; Invasive pneumococcal disease; Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination; Vaccine effectiveness PCV13