title: Quality of Life and Self-Esteem of Female Orthognathic Surgery Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of severe malocclusion requiring orthognathic surgery on the self-esteem (SE) and quality of life (QOL) of female adult patients undergoing orthognathic surgery compared with a group with minor malocclusions seeking only orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female patients, aged 18 to 30 years, who had presented for an orthodontic consultation for correction of a malocclusion were enrolled during an 18-month period. In group 1, all the patients required 2-jaw surgery, and they were subdivided into those with a Class II or Class III malocclusion. This group was further subdivided into those with and without clinically significant asymmetry. A second comparison group was selected. These patients had minor malocclusion. Group 2 (the minor malocclusion group; MMG) included patients with a Class I molar relationship with less than 5 mm on the irregularity index in the upper anterior teeth. Each participant completed the Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (RSE) and the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) before starting treatment. The RSE and OQLQ measurements were compared using 1-way analysis of variance and Scheffe's multiple comparison. The level of statistical significance was set at P < .05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MMG group (n = 52) showed significantly better RSE and OQOL values compared with those with Class II (n = 37) and Class III (n = 47) malocclusion (P < .01). In the OQLQ measurements, the social aspects, aesthetics, and oral function scores were also better in the MMG group (P < .01). Only the awareness component did not reveal a significant difference. No significant differences were found in QOL or SE between those with Class II and Class III malocclusion. The influence of asymmetry on the RSE and OQLQ results was not significant in the Class II and III patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female adult orthognathic patients showed significant impairments in QOL and SE compared with those with mild malocclusion.
authors.affiliation: Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; and Private practice, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: fortit@naver.com.
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012649:Self Concept; D055815:Young Adult