title: Lycopodium clavatum exine microcapsules enable safe oral delivery of 3,4-diaminopyridine for treatment of botulinum neurotoxin A intoxication.
abstract: 3,4-Diaminopyridine has shown promise in reversing botulinum intoxication, but poor pharmacokinetics and a narrow therapeutic window limit its clinical utility. Thus, we developed a pH-dependent oral delivery platform using club moss spore exines. These exine microcapsules slowed 3,4-diaminopyridine absorption, limited its seizure activity, and enabled delivery of doses which prolonged mouse survival after botulism neurotoxin A intoxication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. kdjanda@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. kdjanda@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wenthur
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, England and Sporomex Limited, Medina House, 2 Station Avenue, Bridlington, East Yorkshire Y016 4LZ, England.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diego-Taboada
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, England and Sporomex Limited, Medina House, 2 Station Avenue, Bridlington, East Yorkshire Y016 4LZ, England.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.affiliation: Sporomex Limited, Medina House, 2 Station Avenue, Bridlington, East Yorkshire Y016 4LZ, England.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Corbitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. kdjanda@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Janda
mesh_terms: D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000077770:Amifampridine; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000506:poisoning*; D002214:Capsules; D032502:Lycopodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D015761:4-Aminopyridine; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; D000077770:Amifampridine