title: Anti-VEGF-related thrombotic microangiopathy in a child presenting with nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway has become an important approach to current cancer therapy. Anti-VEGF therapy-related renal adverse effects may present as hypertension, non-nephrotic proteinuria, and rarely as nephrotic syndrome (NS) and acute kidney injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this report, we present a 15-year-old boy who had developed nephrotic syndrome and thrombotic microangiopathy 26 months after administration of anti-VEGF therapy. Treatment was discontinued and nephrotic syndrome remitted spontaneously within 3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nephrologists should be aware of the side effects of anti-VEGF therapy. Early diagnosis and prompt management with withdrawal of the agents will result in spontaneous remission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. songulyilmaz23@gmail.com.|Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları AD, Çocuk Nefroloji Ünitesi, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Dikimevi, Ankara, Turkey. songulyilmaz23@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Songül
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Z Birsin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Özçakar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara Child Health Hematology and Oncology Education Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taktak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Saba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiremitçi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ensari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Handan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dinçaslan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatoş
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yalçınkaya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D000077157:Sorafenib; D057049:Thrombotic Microangiopathies / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D028761:Withholding Treatment
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009536:Niacinamide; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D004317:Doxorubicin; D000077157:Sorafenib; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide; D008727:Methotrexate
keywords: Anti-VEGF; Bevacizumab; Child; Nephrotic syndrome; Thrombotic microangiopathy