title: Distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in sewage sludge after ozonation.
abstract: In this paper, transformation of chemical forms of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cd, Mn, and Mg) in sewage sludge (SS) during ozonation was investigated. Meanwhile, the risk of heavy metals to environment in ozonated sludge (OS) and SS was estimated according to risk assessment code (RAC). The residual rates of heavy metals were over 72.8 %, which demonstrated that the heavy metals in SS were mainly existed in the OS after ozonation. The results indicated that the ozonation had an effect on the redistribution of heavy metals. The comparisons of the RAC between OS and SS indicated that the environmental risk of heavy metals in OS was aggravated compared to SS, except for Mg. Consequently, it was suggested that the OS should be pretreated before application.
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China. hit_tianyu@163.com.|State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China. hit_tianyu@163.com.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China. hitsunyboy@126.com.|State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China. hitsunyboy@126.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Lingchao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zuo
mesh_terms: D004777:Environment; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010126:Ozone; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012722:Sewage
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage; D010126:Ozone
keywords: Chemical speciation; Heavy metals; Ozonation; Risk assessment; Sewage sludge