title: [Synergistion mechanism of exogenous Ca2+ to SA-induced resistance to Botrytis cinerea in tomato].
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous calcium and salicylic acid (SA) on Botrytis cinerea resistance in tomato seedlings. We treated a tomato strain susceptible to Botrytis cinerea with foliar spraying of water, SA, SA+CaCl2 and SA+EGTA (Ca2+ chelating agent) for one to five days. During the treatment, leaves were collected to analyze the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, chintase and β-1,3-glucanase levels, and the expression of pathogenesis related protein 1, 2, 3 (PR1, PR2, PR3). Three days after infection, the disease index was 74.8 in control plants, and 46.9, 38.5 and 70.3 in SA, SA+Ca and SA+ EGTA treated plants, respectively. SA treatment significantly increased ROS leaf accumulation, and activities of PAL, chintase and β-1,3-glucanase. These values were further enhanced in SA+Ca treated plants, but decreased in SA+EGTA treated plants. Application of SA significantly increased the expression levels of PR1, PR2a and PR3b, which were further elevated by the combination treatment with Ca2+. These effects were counteracted by the combination treatment of SA and EGTA. The transcription levels of PR2b and PR3a were up-regulated by 1-2 folds, and PR1, 2a and 3b by 2-5 folds in SA- and SA+Ca-treated plants relative to control. These data suggested that application of Ca2+ could synergistically increase SA-induced resistance to B. cinerea. The resistance was associated with ROS accumulation, therefore the increase in resistance might be through ROS ability to increase the activity of defense-related enzymes and expression levels of PR1, PR2a and PR3b.
authors.forename: Lin-lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tian-lai
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guo-bin
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Ji-xiang
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D020171:Botrytis / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002688:Chitinases / Q000378:metabolism; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D043326:Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036226:Seedlings
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C053376:pathogenesis-related proteins, plant; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D002688:Chitinases; D043326:Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D020156:Salicylic Acid; D002118:Calcium