title: Granzyme M and K release in human experimental endotoxemia.
abstract: Granzymes are serine proteases involved in killing of tumor cells and virally infected cells. However, granzymes are also upregulated in blood under inflammatory conditions and contribute to cytokine release and processing. Here, we show that granzyme M (GrM) and to a lesser extent GrK are transiently elevated in the circulation following LPS administration in humans. GrM is released upon stimulation of whole blood with LPS or the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli BL21, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Neisseria meningitidis. GrK is only released upon stimulation with P. aeruginosa. Thus, GrM and GrK are differentially released in response to LPS and gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annette C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wensink
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1100 DD, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maryse A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wiewel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lieneke H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Jongeneel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boes
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1100 DD, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van der Poll
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C Erik
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands. Electronic address: n.bovenschen@umcutrecht.nl.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bovenschen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000276:immunology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053804:Granzymes / Q000097:blood*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000276:immunology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000276:immunology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D053804:Granzymes
keywords: Endotoxemia; Granzyme K; Granzyme M; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)