title: Hypoxia-Sensitive Materials for Biomedical Applications.
abstract: Hypoxia is a typical hallmark of various diseases, including cancer, ischemic diseases, and stroke. It is also associated with the disease progression. Therefore, it is critical to develop an effective strategy to target the hypoxic region for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the development of hypoxia-responsive systems for imaging, sensing and therapy. Two types of hypoxia-sensitive systems, the hypoxia inducible factor-1 based systems and bioreductive molecule based systems, were reviewed with comments on their advantages and limitations. Future opportunities and challenges are also discussed in the end.
authors.affiliation: Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.|Molecular Pharmaceutics Division, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Jicheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.|Molecular Pharmaceutics Division, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Yuqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. zgu@email.unc.edu.|Molecular Pharmaceutics Division, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. zgu@email.unc.edu.|Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. zgu@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
keywords: Bioimaging; Bioreductive molecule; Drug delivery; Hypoxia inducible factor-1; Hypoxia-responsive