title: Does the intestinal microbial community of Korean Crohn's disease patients differ from that of western patients?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intestinal microbiota play an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the host immune system. To analyze the alteration of the intestinal microbial community structure in Korean Crohn's disease (CD) patients, we performed a comparative metagenomic analysis between healthy people and CD patients using fecal samples and mucosal tissues of ileocecal valve.
  
  
  METHODS
  16S rRNA genes from fecal samples or mucosal tissues of 35 CD patients and 15 healthy controls (HC) were amplified using a universal primer set and sequenced with GS FLX Titanium. The microbial composition and diversity of each sample were analyzed with the mothur pipeline, and the association between microbial community and clinical characteristics of the patients were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The contribution of bacterial groups to the intestinal microbial composition differed between CD and HC, especially in fecal samples. Global structure and individual bacterial abundance of intestinal microbial community were different between feces and ileocecal tissues in HC. In CD patients with active stage, relative abundances of Gammaproteobacteria and Fusobacteria were higher in both fecal and mucosal tissue samples. Moreover, the intestinal microbial community structure was altered by anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our 16S rRNA sequence data demonstrate intestinal dysbiosis at the community level in Korean CD patients, which is similar to alterations of the intestinal microbial community seen in the western counterparts. Clinical disease activity and anti-TNF treatment might affect the intestinal microbial community structure in CD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Eun
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Biology and Division of Life Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea. hands@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea.
authors.forename: A Reum
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Suk-Kyun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Biology and Division of Life Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jihyun F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D061271:Acidobacteria / Q000235:genetics; D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044466:Asian People; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000235:genetics; D045182:Fusobacteria / Q000235:genetics; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000235:genetics; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019804:Mesalamine; D011239:Prednisolone; D000069285:Infliximab; D001379:Azathioprine