title: Characterization of Complete Genome Sequences of a Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus Isolated From China Bama Minipig Reveals an Evolutionary Time Earlier Than That of Isolates From European Minipigs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) isolate, PERV-A-BM, was isolated from a Guangxi Bama minipig in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  To understand its genetic variation and evolution, the complete PERV-A-BM genome sequences were determined and compared with isolates from different Sus scrofa breeds and porcine cell lines. A total of 69 nucleotide substitutions were found in the full-length genome, including 26 non-synonymous mutations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phylogenetic trees based on the complete genome sequence as well as the gag, pol, and env gene sequences from 21 PERV isolates demonstrated that the PERV-A-BM was closely related to the EF133960 isolate from Chinese Wuzhishan miniature pigs inbred in Hainan, China, and distantly related to strains isolated from European-born pigs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The estimation of age in the proviral PERV-A-BM integrating into the host genome reveals that the age of PERV-A-BM is at least 8.3 × 10(6) years, an evolutionary time earlier than that of isolates from European-born pigs.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: H-B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: G-B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China.
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Viral Safety of National Centre of Biomedical Analysis, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, The Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China. Electronic address: wu-jm20@163.com.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002681:China; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005060:Europe; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature / Q000821:virology*; D013997:Time Factors