title: Salvage Surgery for Patients With Recurrent Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Involving the Carotid Artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Outcomes of salvage surgery and carotid artery (CA) management were evaluated in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients with recurrent oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma involving the CA underwent salvage surgeries consisting of wide resection of the tumor, CA resection without and with reconstruction, and CA subadventitial dissection without and with encapsulation. Major tissue defects were reconstructed using a flap.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient showed postoperative transient hemiplegia, and wound dehiscence occurred at the recipient site in 2 patients. Two patients had carotid blowout. One patient who underwent CA resection and reconstruction had a carotid embolism. After 5 to 42 months of follow-up, 12 patients were free of disease, 2 remained ill, and 4 died of local recurrence or distant metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salvage surgery remains an effective treatment modality. CA sacrifice offers a viable treatment strategy. Major defects can be reconstructed with a trapezius flap.
authors.affiliation: Professor and Director, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: drchen@vip.163.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Liang
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Attending Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Attending Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Attending Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Da-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: You-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome