title: Which Type of Parent Training Works Best for Preschoolers with Comorbid ADHD and ODD? A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Generic and Specialized Programs.
abstract: The present study examined whether the presence of comorbid ODD differentially moderated the outcome of two Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) programs in a sample of preschoolers with ADHD: One designed specifically for ADHD (NFPP: New Forest Parenting Programme) and one designed primarily for ODD (HNC: Helping the Noncompliant Child). In a secondary analysis, 130 parents and their 3-4 year-old children diagnosed with ADHD were assigned to one of the two programs. 44.6 % of the children also met criteria for ODD. Significant interactions between treatment conditions (NFPP vs. HNC) and child ODD diagnosis (presence vs. absence) indicated that based on some parent and teacher reports, HNC was more effective with disruptive behaviors than NFPP but only when children had a comorbid diagnosis. Further, based on teacher report, NFPP was more effective with these behaviors when children had a diagnosis of only ADHD whereas HNC was equally effective across ADHD only and comorbid ODD diagnoses. Comorbidity profile did not interact with treatment program when parent or teacher reported ADHD symptoms served as the outcome. Implications for clinical interventions are discussed and directions for future work are provided.
authors.affiliation: University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT, 05405, USA. rex.forehand@uvm.edu.
authors.forename: Rex
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Forehand
authors.affiliation: University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parent
authors.affiliation: University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.|Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.|Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sonuga-Barke
authors.affiliation: University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
authors.forename: Virginia D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Peisch
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas Medical School, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Howard B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Abikoff
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004505:Education, Nonprofessional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D015397:Program Evaluation
keywords: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; Moderation; Oppositional defiant disorder; Parent management training; Preschool children