title: The RHIC polarized H⁻ ion source.
abstract: A novel polarization technique had been successfully implemented for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) polarized H(-) ion source upgrade to higher intensity and polarization. In this technique, a proton beam inside the high magnetic field solenoid is produced by ionization of the atomic hydrogen beam (from external source) in the He-gaseous ionizer cell. Further proton polarization is produced in the process of polarized electron capture from the optically pumped Rb vapor. The use of high-brightness primary beam and large cross sections of charge-exchange cross sections resulted in production of high intensity H(-) ion beam of 85% polarization. The source very reliably delivered polarized beam in the RHIC Run-2013 and Run-2015. High beam current, brightness, and polarization resulted in 75% polarization at 23 GeV out of Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) and 60%-65% beam polarization at 100-250 GeV colliding beams in RHIC.
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zelenski
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Atoian
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raparia
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.affiliation: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steski