title: In vivo antileishmanial activity and chemical profile of polar extract from Selaginella sellowii.
abstract: The polar hydroethanolic extract from Selaginella sellowii(SSPHE) has been previously proven active on intracellular amastigotes (in vitro test) and now was tested on hamsters infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis (in vivo test). SSPHE suppressed a 100% of the parasite load in the infection site and draining lymph nodes at an intralesional dose of 50 mg/kg/day × 5, which was similar to the results observed in hamsters treated with N-methylglucamine antimonate (Sb) (28 mg/Kg/day × 5). When orally administered, SSPHE (50 mg/kg/day × 20) suppressed 99.2% of the parasite load in infected footpads, while Sb suppressed 98.5%. SSPHE also enhanced the release of nitric oxide through the intralesional route in comparison to Sb. The chemical fingerprint of SSPHE by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection and tandem mass spectrometry showed the presence of biflavonoids and high molecular weight phenylpropanoid glycosides. These compounds may have a synergistic action in vivo. Histopathological study revealed that the intralesional treatment with SSPHE induced an intense inflammatory infiltrate, composed mainly of mononuclear cells. The present findings reinforce the potential of this natural product as a source of future drug candidates for American cutaneous leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Dayane Priscilla de Souza
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carlos Alexandre
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Carollo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biofisiofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Mônica Cristina Toffoli
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kadri
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Yasmin Silva
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Rizk
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Carneiro Pereira de
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Patrik Oening
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Elisa Teruya
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Oshiro
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Culturas Celulares, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria de Fátima Cepa
authors.initials: Mde F
authors.lastname: Matos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carla Cardozo Pinto de
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Arruda
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006224:Cricetinae; D004322:Drainage; D005528:Foot / Q000469:parasitology; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry; D036502:Infusions, Intralesional; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000469:parasitology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D059208:Parasite Load; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D032503:Selaginellaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D044946:Biflavonoids; D006027:Glycosides; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate