title: Image-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy of soft-tissue masses in the pediatric population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A paucity of literature describes the use of imaged-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy for the diagnosis and characterization of pediatric soft-tissue masses and lesions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively determine whether image-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy is adequate for diagnosing and characterizing benign and malignant pediatric soft-tissue masses and lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified children (≤18 years old) who underwent US- or CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy of a soft-tissue mass or other lesion between January 2012 and March 2014. Using medical records, we documented the following data: age and gender, site of the mass or lesion, size and number of biopsy specimens, whether the biopsy procedure was diagnostic, whether sufficient tissue was obtained for necessary ancillary testing (e.g., cytogenetic evaluation), and whether there was a procedural complication within 1 week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eight soft-tissue masses or lesions were biopsied under imaging guidance in 84 children; 39 (46%) were girls. Mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 12.1 ± 5.1 years (range 6 months to 18 years). Of these procedures, 105/108 (97%) were diagnostic; 82/108 (76%) were US-guided; 87/108 (81%) were performed using a 17-gauge introducer needle/18-gauge biopsy instrument. The mean number ± SD of core needle biopsy specimens obtained was 8.9 ± 5.0. For newly diagnosed malignancies, adequate tissue was obtained for ancillary testing in 28/30 (93%) masses. One minor complication was documented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Image-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy of pediatric soft-tissue masses is safe, has a high diagnostic rate, and provides sufficient tissue for ancillary testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Terrence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Amer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heider
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Ranjith
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vellody
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Radiology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Marcus D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Jarboe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gemmete
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Jason J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Grove
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Ethan A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Rajen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mody
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Erika A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology,Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center,, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave., ML 5031, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA. jonathan.dillman@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dillman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D062005:Biopsy, Large-Core Needle; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
keywords: Children; Computed tomography; Image-guided; Mass; Neoplasm; Percutaneous core needle biopsy; Ultrasound