title: When your cap matters: structural insights into self vs non-self recognition of 5' RNA by immunomodulatory host proteins.
abstract: Cytosolic recognition of viral RNA is important for host innate immune responses. Differential recognition of self vs non-self RNA is a considerable challenge as the inability to differentiate may trigger aberrant immune responses. Recent work identified the composition of the RNA 5', including the 5' cap and its methylation state, as an important determinant of recognition by the host. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the modified 5' RNA recognition and viral antagonism of RNA receptors. Here, we will discuss RIG-I and IFIT proteins as examples of host proteins that detect dsRNA and ssRNA, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8118, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, United States. Electronic address: dleung@path.wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Daisy W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8118, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, United States. Electronic address: gamarasinghe@path.wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Gaya K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Amarasinghe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012315:RNA Caps / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D012315:RNA Caps; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012313:RNA