title: Treatability assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated marine sediments using permanganate, persulfate and Fenton oxidation processes.
abstract: Various chemical oxidation techniques, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4), sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8), Fenton (H2O2/Fe(2+)), and the modified persulfate and Fenton reagents (activated by ferrous complexes), were carried out to treat marine sediments that were contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dredged from Kaohsiung Harbor in Taiwan. Experimental results revealed that KMnO4 was the most effective of the tested oxidants in PAH degradation. Owing to the high organic matter content in the sediment that reduced the efficiencies of Na2S2O8 and regular Fenton reactions, a large excess of oxidant was required. Nevertheless, KH2PO4, Na4P2O7 and four chelating agents (EDTA, sodium citrate, oxalic acid, and sodium oxalate) were utilized to stabilize Fe(II) in activating the Na2S2O8 and Fenton oxidations, while Fe(II)-citrate remarkably promoted the PAH degradation. Increasing the molecular weight and number of rings of PAH did not affect the overall removal efficiencies. The correlation between the effectiveness of the oxidation processes and the physicochemical properties of individual PAH was statistically analyzed. The data implied that the reactivity of PAH (electron affinity and ionization potential) affected its treatability more than did its hydrophobicity (Kow, Koc and Sw), particularly using experimental conditions under which PAHs could be effectively oxidized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nguyen Thanh
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Binh
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiu-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan. Electronic address: cddong@webmail.nkmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Cheng-Di
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011196:Potassium Permanganate / Q000737:chemistry*; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D013431:Sulfates; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: C045076:Fenton's reagent; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D016877:Oxidants; D010087:Oxides; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D013431:Sulfates; D011196:Potassium Permanganate; C048856:permanganic acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; C024625:sodium persulfate
keywords: Chemical oxidation; Gas chromatography; Marine sediment; Physicochemical property; Statistical analysis