title: Robotic versus laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy of liver.
abstract: A few studies have reported only short-term outcomes of various robotic and laparoscopic liver resection types; however, published data in left lateral sectionectomy (LLS) have been limited. The aim of this study was to compare the long- and short-term outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic LLS.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively compared demographic and perioperative data as well as postoperative outcomes of robotic (n = 12) and laparoscopic (n = 31) LLS performed between May 2007 and July 2013. Resection indications included malignant tumors (n = 31) and benign lesions (n = 12) including intrahepatic duct (IHD) stones (n = 9).
  
  
  
  There were no significant differences in perioperative outcomes of estimated blood loss, major complications, or lengths of stay, but operating time was longer in robotic than in laparoscopic LLS (391 vs. 196 min, respectively) and the operation time for IHD stones did not differ between groups (435 vs. 405 min, respectively; p = 0.190). Disease-free (p = 0.463) and overall (p = 0.484) survival of patients with malignancy did not differ between groups. The 2- and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 63.2 and 36.5 %, respectively. However, robotic LLS costs were significantly higher than laparoscopic LLS costs ($8183 vs. $5190, respectively; p = 0.009).
  
  
  
  Robotic LLS was comparable to laparoscopic LLS in surgical outcomes and oncologic integrity during the learning curve. Although robotic LLS was more expensive and time intensive, it might be a good option for difficult indications such as IHD stones.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Seong
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.
authors.forename: Dai Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea. CHOIGH@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Gi Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Sub
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Sup
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000601:surgery*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D059032:Learning Curve; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Hepatectomy; Laparoscopic surgical procedure; Laparoscopy