title: Generation of pressures over 40 GPa using Kawai-type multi-anvil press with tungsten carbide anvils.
abstract: We have generated over 40 GPa pressures, namely, 43 and 44 GPa, at ambient temperature and 2000 K, respectively, using Kawai-type multi-anvil presses (KMAP) with tungsten carbide anvils for the first time. These high-pressure generations were achieved by combining the following pressure-generation techniques: (1) precisely aligned guide block systems, (2) high hardness of tungsten carbide, (3) tapering of second-stage anvil faces, (4) materials with high bulk modulus in a high-pressure cell, and (5) high heating efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Study of the Earth's Interior, Okayama University, Misasa 682-0193, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsujino
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Druzhbin
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Myhill
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyajima
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawazoe
authors.affiliation: Deutsche Electronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higo
authors.affiliation: Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tange
authors.affiliation: Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsura