title: Enzyme Systems of Anaerobes for Biomass Conversion.
abstract: Biofuels from abundantly available cellulosic biomass are an attractive alternative to current petroleum-based fuels (fossil fuels). Although several strategies exist for commercial production of biofuels, conversion of biomass to biofuels via consolidated bioprocessing offers the potential to reduce production costs and increase processing efficiencies. In consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), enzyme production, cellulose hydrolysis, and fermentation are all carried out in a single-step by microorganisms that efficiently employ a multitude of intricate enzymes which act synergistically to breakdown cellulose and its associated cell wall components. Various strategies employed by anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria for biomass hydrolysis are described in this chapter. In addition, the regulation of CAZymes, the role of "omics" technologies in assessing lignocellulolytic ability, and current strategies for improving biomass hydrolysis for optimum biofuel production are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 5V6.
authors.forename: Riffat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Munir
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 5V6. david.levin@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000201:enzymology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology*; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D056804:Biofuels; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; C036909:lignocellulose; D008031:Lignin
keywords: Biomass; CAZymes; Cellulolytic bacteria; Cellulosomes; Genetic manipulation