title: Chemical Promotion of Endogenous Amounts of ABA in Arabidopsis thaliana by a Natural Product, Theobroxide.
abstract: Plant hormones are a group of structurally diverse small compounds that orchestrate the cellular processes governing proper plant growth and environmental adaptation. To understand the details of hormonal activity, we must study not only their inherent activities but also the cross-talk among plant hormones. In addition to their use in agriculture, plant chemical activators, such as probenazole and uniconazole, have made great contributions to understand hormonal cross-talk. However, the use of plant chemical activators is limited due to the lack of activators for certain hormones. For example, to the best of our knowledge, there are only a few chemical activators previously known to stimulate the accumulation of ABA in plants, such as absinazoles and proanthocyanidins. In many cases, antagonistic effects have been examined in experiments using exogenously applied ABA, although these studies did not account for biologically relevant concentrations. In this report, it was found that a natural product, theobroxide, had potential as a plant chemical activator for stimulating the accumulation of ABA. Using theobroxide, the antagonistic effect of ABA against GAs was proved without exogenously applying ABA or using mutant plants. Our results suggest that ABA levels could be chemically controlled to elicit ABA-dependent biological phenomena.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Yudai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Maremichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology and Manipulation, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Youko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.affiliation: Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology and Manipulation, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inukai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology and Manipulation, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Chikra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Masuta
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecological Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakihama
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecological Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashidoko
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan.
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.affiliation: Japan Agricultural Cooperatives Minami Sorachi, Kuriyama, Yubari-gun, Hokkaido, 069-1511 Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inage
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Kosaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan.
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589 Japan matsuura@chem.agr.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuura
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055864:Droughts; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001688:Biological Products; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; C496818:theobroxide; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C107203:abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase
keywords: ABA glucose ester; Abscisic acid; Drought; Gibberellin; Plant chemical activator