title: Calcium-phosphate-osteopontin particles for caries control.
abstract: Caries is caused by acid production in biofilms on dental surfaces. Preventing caries therefore involves control of microorganisms and/or the acid produced. Here, calcium-phosphate-osteopontin particles are presented as a new approach to caries control. The particles are made by co-precipitation and designed to bind to bacteria in biofilms, impede biofilm build-up without killing the microflora, and release phosphate ions to buffer bacterial acid production if the pH decreases below 6. Analysis of biofilm formation and pH in a five-species biofilm model for dental caries showed that treatment with particles or pure osteopontin led to less biofilm formation compared to untreated controls or biofilms treated with osteopontin-free particles. The anti-biofilm effect can thus be ascribed to osteopontin. The particles also led to a slower acidification of the biofilm after exposure to glucose, and the pH always remained above 5.5. Hence, calcium-phosphate-osteopontin particles show potential for applications in caries control.
authors.affiliation: a Science and Technology , iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.|b Department of Dentistry, Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schlafer
authors.affiliation: a Science and Technology , iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.|c Department of Chemistry, Science and Technology , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Birkedal
authors.affiliation: a Science and Technology , iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.|c Department of Chemistry, Science and Technology , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: a Science and Technology , iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.|c Department of Chemistry, Science and Technology , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skovgaard
authors.affiliation: a Science and Technology , iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Duncan S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.affiliation: d Arla Foods amba , Brabrand , Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Wejse
authors.affiliation: b Department of Dentistry, Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nyvad
authors.affiliation: a Science and Technology , iNANO Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.|e Microbiology, Department of Bioscience, Science and Technology , Aarhus University , Aarhus C , Denmark.
authors.forename: Rikke L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D053495:Osteopontin; C020243:calcium phosphate
keywords: Biofilms; calcium; dental caries; osteopontin; phosphorus