title: Plasma levels of TGF-β1 in homeostasis of the inflammation in sickle cell disease.
abstract: Sickle cell disease (SCD) represents a chronic inflammatory condition with complications triggered by the polymerization of hemoglobin S (Hb S), resulting in a series of cellular interactions mediated by inflammatory cytokines, as the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which plays an important role in inflammation resolution. This study assessed the relation between SCD inflammation and the plasma concentration of TGF-β1, and also checked the influence of the presence of -509C/T polymorphism in TGFB1 gene on TGF-β1 plasma values. The plasma levels of TGF-β1 were quantified by ELISA in 115 patients with SCD (genotypes SS, SD-Los Angeles, Sβ-thalassemia and SC) and in 58 individuals with no hemoglobinopathies (Hb AA), as the control group. The -509C/T polymorphism in TGFB1 gene was screened by PCR-RFLP. The correlation between TGF-β1 plasma levels and the inflammation was based on its association with the count of platelets, total white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Patients with SCD showed plasma levels of TGF-β1 higher than the control group, especially the Hb SS genotype, followed by the group with Hb SD. Polymorphism investigation showed no interference in the values obtained for the cytokine in the groups evaluated. All SCD groups showed TGF-β1 levels positively correlated to the platelets and WBC counts. The original data obtained in this study for SCD support the involvement of TGF-β1 in regulating of the inflammatory response and suggest that this marker possibly may become a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil. Electronic address: lidiane.unesp@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lidiane de Souza
authors.initials: Lde S
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jéssika Viviani
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danilo Grünig Humberto
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Édis
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Belini Júnior
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renan Garcia
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imunomorphology, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristovão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kallyne Kioko Oliveira
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti (Hemorio), Rua Frei Caneca, 08, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20211-030, Brazil.
authors.forename: Clarisse Lopes de Castro
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lobo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Imunomorphology, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristovão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sonia Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Oliani
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Regina
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bonini Domingos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010976:Platelet Count; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
keywords: Cytokines; Platelets; Sickle cell anemia; Sickle cell disease; Transforming growth factor