title: [Analysis of risk factors for emergence agitation in adults undergoing general anesthesia for nasal surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the incidence and the risk factors for emergence agitation (EA) in adults undergoing general anesthesia for nasal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 674 patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent general anesthesia for nasal surgery between February 2013 and February 2015. The patients were divided into control group (518 cases) and EA group (156 cases) by Sedation-agitation scale (SAS) method. Demographic and clinical variables were assessed and the data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall incidence of emergence agitation was 23. 15%. Significant difference was observed between EA and the control group in many aspects, such as sex, age, ASA classify, smoking history, history of cerebrovascular disease, preoperative anxiety, the use of midazolam, anesthesia means, postoperative pain, postoperative analgesia, presence of a tracheal tube, and presence of a urinary catheter. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the occurring of EA was significantly correlated with younger age, male, preoperative anxiety, inhalation anesthesia, postoperative pain, presence of a tracheal tube, and presence of a urinary catheter, while seniors, with the use of midazolam, total intravenous anesthesia, analgesia and natural awakening were protective factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EA following general anesthesia is a common complication in patients with adult nasal surgery. To reduce the occurrence and consequences of agitation episodes, elimination of the associated risk factors is necessary, especially in patients with risk factors.
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000698:Analgesia; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D001007:Anxiety; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008874:Midazolam