title: Pulmonary nodules and CT screening: the past, present and future.
abstract: Lung cancer screening has come a long way since the early studies with chest X-ray. Advancing technology and progress in the processing of images have enabled low dose CT to be tried and tested, and evidence suggests its use can result in a significant mortality benefit. There are several issues that need refining in order to successfully implement screening in the UK and elsewhere. Some countries have started patchy implementation of screening and there is increased recognition that the appropriate management of pulmonary nodules is crucial to optimise benefits of early detection, while reducing harm caused by inappropriate medical intervention. This review summarises and differentiates the many recent guidelines on pulmonary nodule management, discusses screening activity in other countries and exposes the present barriers to implementation in the UK.
authors.affiliation: Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruparel
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Quaife
authors.affiliation: Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Navani
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wardle
authors.affiliation: Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Janes
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Unit, David Evans Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Baldwin
mesh_terms: D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000639:trends; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055613:Multiple Pulmonary Nodules / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000639:trends*
keywords: Imaging/CT MRI etc; Lung Cancer