title: HLA Immunogenotype Determines Persistent Human Papillomavirus Virus Infection in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment.
abstract: A proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients develop persistent, stigmatizing human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cutaneous and genital warts and anogenital (pre)cancer. This is the first study to investigate immunogenetic variations that might account for HPV susceptibility and the largest to date to categorize the HPV types associated with cutaneous warts in HIV-positive patients. The HLA class I and II allele distribution was analyzed in 49 antiretroviral (ART)-treated HIV-positive patients with persistent warts, 42 noninfected controls, and 46 HIV-positive controls. The allele HLA-B*44 was more frequently identified in HIV-positive patients with warts (P = .004); a susceptible haplotype (HLA-B*44, HLA-C*05; P = .001) and protective genes (HLA-DQB1*06; P = .03) may also contribute. Cutaneous wart biopsy specimens from HIV-positive patients harbored common wart types HPV27/57, the unusual wart type HPV7, and an excess of Betapapillomavirus types (P = .002), compared with wart specimens from noninfected controls. These findings suggest that HLA testing might assist in stratifying those patients in whom vaccination should be recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology.
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meys
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London.
authors.forename: Karin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Purdie
authors.affiliation: DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk.
authors.forename: Maurits N C
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: de Koning
authors.affiliation: DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Koen D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Quint
authors.affiliation: Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital Cancer Institute, University College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ann-Margaret
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Little
authors.affiliation: Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital.
authors.forename: Finnuala
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College London.
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.affiliation: Department of HIV Medicine and Sexual Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Asboe
authors.affiliation: Department of HIV Medicine and Sexual Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.affiliation: Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital Cancer Institute, University College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Steven G E
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London.
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Harwood
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology.
authors.forename: Frances M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Gotch
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology.
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bunker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D014860:Warts / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D006680:HLA Antigens
keywords: HIV; HLA; HPV; cutaneous warts; genital warts; human immunodeficiency virus; human leukocyte antigen; human papillomavirus; immunogenetics; warts