title: Hybrid Iron Oxide-Graphene Oxide-Polysaccharides Microcapsule: A Micro-Matryoshka for On-Demand Drug Release and Antitumor Therapy In Vivo.
abstract: Premature drug release is a common drawback in stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (DDS), especially if it depends on internal triggers, which are hard to control, or a single external stimulus, which can only have one function. Thus, many DDS systems have been reported that combined different triggers; however, limited success has been established in fine-tuning the release process, mainly due to the poor bioavailability and complexity of the reported designs. This paper reports the design of a hybrid microcapsule (h-MC) by a simple layer-by-layer technique comprising polysaccharides (sodium alginate, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid), iron oxide, and graphene oxide (GO). Electrostatic assembly of the oppositely charged polysaccharides and graphene sheets provided a robust structure in which to load drugs through pH control. The polysaccharide component ensured high biocompatibility, bioavailability, and tumor cells targeting. The alternative magnetic field and near-infrared laser triggerable Fe3O4@GO component provided for dual high-energy and high-penetration hyperthermia therapy. On-demand drug release from h-MC can be achieved by synchronizing these external triggers, making the release highly controllable. The synergistic effect of hyperthermia and chemotherapy was successfully confirmed in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites (Tianjin Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300387, China.
authors.forename: Qiujin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Safa'a
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Rehili
authors.affiliation: Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Haneen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) , Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almalik
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) , Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aws
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alshamsan
authors.affiliation: School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites (Tianjin Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300387, China.
authors.forename: Jianfei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Niveen M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Khashab
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002214:Capsules; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide; D006108:Graphite
keywords: layer-by-layer; magnetic hyperthermia; microcapsules; on-demand release; photothermal therapy