title: Effects of Calcium Sulfate Combined with Platelet-rich Plasma on Restoration of Long Bone Defect in Rabbits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment for long bone defects has been a hot topic in the field of regenerative medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of calcium sulfate (CS) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on long bone defect restoration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A radial bone defect model was constructed through an osteotomy using New Zealand rabbits. The rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group): a CS combined with PRP (CS-PRP) group, a CS group, a PRP group, and a positive (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2) control group. PRP was prepared from autologous blood using a two-step centrifugation process. CS-PRP was obtained by mixing hemihydrate CS with PRP. Radiographs and histologic micrographs were generated. The percentage of bone regenerated bone area in each rabbit was calculated at 10 weeks. One-way analysis of variance was performed in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The radiographs and histologic micrographs showed bone restoration in the CS-PRP and positive control groups, while nonunion was observed in the CS and PRP groups. The percentages of bone regenerated bone area in the CS-PRP (84.60 ± 2.87%) and positive control (52.21 ± 4.53%) groups were significantly greater than those in the CS group (12.34 ± 2.17%) and PRP group (16.52 ± 4.22%) (P < 0.001). In addition, the bone strength of CS-PRP group (43.10 ± 4.10%) was significantly greater than that of the CS group (20.10 ± 3.70%) or PRP group (25.10 ± 2.10%) (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CS-PRP functions as an effective treatment for long bone defects through stimulating bone regeneration and enhancing new bone strength.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin-Ran
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xue-Zhong
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Bo-Xun
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Pei-Fu
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002133:Calcium Sulfate