title: The Association between the Consumption of Fish/Shellfish and the Risk of Osteoporosis in Men and Postmenopausal Women Aged 50 Years or Older.
abstract: Fish rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been suggested to have a favorable effect on bone health, but previous epidemiologic studies have shown inconsistent results. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that the consumption of fish and shellfish is positively associated with bone mass and negatively associated with the risk of osteoporosis in Koreans and Americans. Men and postmenopausal women ≥ 50 years old from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011 (n = 7154) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010 (n = 2658) were included. There was a positive correlation between the consumption of fish and shellfish and bone mineral density (BMD) of the total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine in Koreans. Consistently, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between intake of fish and shellfish and the risk of osteoporosis in Koreans but not in Americans. Consumption of fish and shellfish was 4-5 times higher in Koreans than Americans in the present study. In conclusion, intake of fish and shellfish was associated with BMD and the risk of osteoporosis in Koreans but not in Americans, suggesting that a minimum intake level of fish and shellfish might be recommended to protect against bone loss and osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea. eunjin06@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eunjin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea. youngsoon@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Youngsoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D044466:Asian People; D015519:Bone Density; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017698:Postmenopause; D065840:Protective Factors; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017747:Seafood; D012758:Shellfish; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: KNHANES; NHANES; bone mineral density; elderly population; fish and shellfish; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; osteoporosis