title: TWEAK/Fn14 signaling: a promising target in intervertebral disc degeneration.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a potent chemoattractant cytokine with various biological functions, such as stimulation of angiogenesis, induction of proinflammatory cytokines, regulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, it has also been implicated in several pathological processes, from cancer to inflammatory diseases. Remarkably, TWEAK and its receptors, fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 (Fn14), are also present in intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue, where they play a role in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration. The interaction of TWEAK with Fn14 is involved in physiological and pathological activities of IVD degeneration patients, which includes apoptosis of endplate chondrocytes, extracellular matrix degradation, reduction in proteoglycan synthesis and so on. The blockade of this interaction results in suppressing over-production of proinflammatory factors and cell death in in vivo or in vitro experiments, suggesting that TWEAK/Fn14 signaling may be therapeutically relevant in IVD degeneration, and the targeting of TWEAK or Fn14 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this article, we discuss the biological features of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling and summarize recent advances in our understanding of the role of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling in the pathogenesis and treatment of IVD degeneration. We think that the blockade of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling may be a promising therapeutic strategy for IVD degeneration in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chong-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shuai-Gong
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qing-Hai
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ming-Ming
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou Shandong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Huaian First People's Hospital, Huaian Jiangsu, P.R. China. hyd1975@139.com.
authors.forename: Yue-Dong
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000074049:Cytokine TWEAK; D006801:Humans; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D000074050:TWEAK Receptor; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000074049:Cytokine TWEAK; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C000613297:TNFRSF12A protein, human; C109743:TNFSF12 protein, human; D000074050:TWEAK Receptor; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors