title: Calibration-free measurement of high-speed Mach-Zehnder modulator based on low-frequency detection.
abstract: A calibration-free electrical method is demonstrated for measuring the frequency response of high-speed Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) based on low-frequency detection. The method achieves the high-frequency modulation index and half-wave voltage measurement of MZMs by the low-frequency electrical spectrum analysis of the two-tone and bias-modulated optical signal. Moreover, it eliminates the need for correcting the responsivity fluctuation in the photodetector through setting a specific frequency relationship between the two-tone and bias modulation. Both absolute and relative frequency response of MZMs are experimentally measured with our method and compared with those obtained with conventional methods to check for consistency.
authors.forename: Shangjian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xinhai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bowers