title: The Peer Reviewers' Openness Initiative: incentivizing open research practices through peer review.
abstract: Openness is one of the central values of science. Open scientific practices such as sharing data, materials and analysis scripts alongside published articles have many benefits, including easier replication and extension studies, increased availability of data for theory-building and meta-analysis, and increased possibility of review and collaboration even after a paper has been published. Although modern information technology makes sharing easier than ever before, uptake of open practices had been slow. We suggest this might be in part due to a social dilemma arising from misaligned incentives and propose a specific, concrete mechanism-reviewers withholding comprehensive review-to achieve the goal of creating the expectation of open practices as a matter of scientific principle.
authors.affiliation: Cardiff University , Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9220-3179
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.affiliation: Cardiff University , Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: Bath Spa University , Bath, UK.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Etchells
authors.affiliation: University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Christine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rink
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.affiliation: Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daniël
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lakens
authors.affiliation: University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1655-2013
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lewandowsky
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Candice Coker
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.affiliation: Monash University , Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Schönbrodt
authors.affiliation: KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wolf
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5855-3885
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vanpaemel
authors.affiliation: University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eric-Jan
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Wagenmakers
authors.affiliation: Erasmus University Rotterdam , Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rolf A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zwaan
keywords: open research; peer review; science; transparency