title: Dysfunctional default mode network and executive control network in people with Internet gaming disorder: Independent component analysis under a probability discounting task.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study identified the neural mechanism of risky decision-making in Internet gaming disorder (IGD) under a probability discounting task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent component analysis was used on the functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 19 IGD subjects (22.2 ± 3.08 years) and 21 healthy controls (HC, 22.8 ± 3.5 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the behavioral results, IGD subjects prefer the risky to the fixed options and showed shorter reaction time compared to HC. For the imaging results, the IGD subjects showed higher task-related activity in default mode network (DMN) and less engagement in the executive control network (ECN) than HC when making the risky decisions. Also, we found the activities of DMN correlate negatively with the reaction time and the ECN correlate positively with the probability discounting rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that people with IGD show altered modulation in DMN and deficit in executive control function, which might be the reason for why the IGD subjects continue to play online games despite the potential negative consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, PR China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, PR China; Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, PR China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, PR China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, PR China. Electronic address: dongguangheng@zjnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D011336:Probability; D011930:Reaction Time; D018910:Video Games / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Default mode network; Executive control network; Independent component analysis; Internet gaming disorder; Risky decision-making