title: Urine and serum ghrelin, sCD80 and sCTLA-4 levels in doxorubicin-induced experimental nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is an immune-mediated disorder associated with hyperlipidemia. NS has been proposed to be mediated through CD80-related T cell immune response, which could be blocked using soluble cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated s(CTLA)-4. Although ghrelin is a hormone-modulating lipid metabolism and suppressing immune system, the precise role of ghrelin in NS is not well established.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the levels of ghrelin, soluble CD80 (sCD80) and sCTLA4 in serum and urine in doxorubicin-induced NS in rats. We also investigated the relation between their levels and the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, albumin and urine protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While urinary ghrelin levels were significantly lower in the nephrotic rats compared to the control group, serum ghrelin levels were comparable in the nephrotic and control rats. In contrast, serum and urinary sCD80 and sCTLA4 levels were higher in the nephrotic rats than the controls. The urinary ghrelin levels were negatively correlated with the levels of serum triglyceride, TC and urine protein, sCD80 and sCTLA4. The urine sCD80 levels were positively correlated with the TC, urine protein and urine sCTLA4 levels, and negatively correlated with the serum albumin. The urine sCTLA4 levels were positively correlated with the TC and urine protein levels and negatively correlated with the serum albumin levels. In regression analysis, the urine ghrelin levels significantly relate to urine sCD80 levels. Besides, hyperlipidemia in NS did not appear to be related to serum ghrelin levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low urine ghrelin levels might be relevant to pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced NS. The reduction in urine ghrelin levels might also be associated with increased levels of urine sCTLA4 and sCD80 which reflect proteinuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TR-26480, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozkorucu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TR-26480, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TR-26480, Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nadide Melike
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Sav
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TR-26480, Eskisehir, Turkey. bilalyn@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yildiz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000652:urine*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D015415:Biomarkers; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D054439:Ghrelin; D004317:Doxorubicin
keywords: Ghrelin; Nephrotic syndrome; sCD80; sCTLA-4