title: Food groups associated with a reduced risk of 15-year all-cause death.
abstract: Long-term observational cohorts provide the opportunity to investigate the potential impact of dietary patterns on death. We aimed to investigate all-cause death according to the consumption of selected food groups, and then to identify those independently associated with reduced mortality.
  
  
  
  Population survey of middle-aged men randomly selected in the period 1995-1997 from the general population of three French areas and followed over a median of 14.8 years. Dietary data were collected through a 3-day food record. Cox modeling was used to assess the risk of death according to selected foods groups after extensive adjustment for confounders, including a diet quality index.
  
  
  
  The study population comprised 960 men (mean age 55.5 ±6.2 years). After a median follow-up of 14.8 (interquartile range 14.3-15.2) years, 150 (15.6%) subjects had died. Food groups that remained independently predictive of a lower risk of death after extensive adjustment were an above-median consumption of milk (adjusted relative risk: 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43-0.86, P-value=0.005), fruits and vegetables (0.68, 0.46-0.98, P-value=0.041) and a moderate consumption of yogurts and cottage cheese (0.50, 95% CI: 0.31-0.81, P-value=0.005), other cheeses (0.62, 0.39-0.97, P-value=0.036) and bread (0.57, 0.37-0.89, P-value=0.014). Besides, there was a nonsignificant trend for a higher risk of death associated with highest sodium intakes.
  
  
  
  Consumption of food groups that largely match recommendations is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death in men. A diet providing moderate amounts of diverse food groups appears associated with the highest life expectancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.|Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UMR 1027, INSERM-Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5789-0815
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bongard
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.|Department of Public Health, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arveiler
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur de Lille, U744 INSERM-Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dallongeville
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.|Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UMR 1027, INSERM-Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J-B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ruidavets
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Hospices Civils de Lyon, UMR 1060 INSERM-Université Lyon 1, Oullins, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur de Lille, U744 INSERM-Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marécaux
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UMR 1027, INSERM-Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.|Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferrières
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002611:Cheese; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005502:Food; D005602:France; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D009026:Mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014675:Vegetables; D015014:Yogurt
chemical_list: D012982:Sodium, Dietary