title: Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control between Bouyei and Han: Results from a Bi-Ethnic Health Survey in Developing Regions from South China.
abstract: Hypertension is highly prevalent in low-income population. This study aims to investigate ethnic disparities in hypertension and identify modifiable factors related to its occurrence and control in developing regions in South China. Blood pressure was measured in the Bouyei and Han populations during a community-based health survey in Guizhou, 2012. A multistage stratified sampling method was adopted to recruit Bouyei and Han aged from 20 to 80 years. Taking mixed effects into consideration, multilevel logistic models with random intercept were used for data analysis. The prevalence rates of hypertension were 35.3% for the Bouyei and 33.7% for the Han. Among the hypertensive participants, 30.1% of the Bouyei and 40.2% of the Han were aware of their hypertensive conditions, 19.7% of the Bouyei and 31.1% of the Han were receiving treatment, and only 3.6% of the Bouyei and 9.9% of the Han had their blood pressure under control. Age-sex standardized rates of awareness, treatment, and control were consistently lower in the Bouyei than the Han. Such ethnic disparities were more evident in the elderly population. Avoidance of excessive alcohol consumption and better education were favorable lifestyle for reduction in risk of hypertension. Moderate physical activity improved control of hypertension in Bouyei patients under treatment. Conclusively, hypertension awareness, treatment, and control were substantially lower in Bouyei than Han, particularly in the elderly population. Such ethnic disparities indicate that elderly Bouyei population should be targeted for tailored interventions in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. fionarab@163.com.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou 550004, China. wangdingm123@sina.com.
authors.forename: Dingming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. panli1716@163.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou 550004, China. yuyangweny@163.com.
authors.forename: Yangwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. wangkehope@126.com.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou 550004, China. gpicdp@163.com.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. wangli0528@vip.sina.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou 550004, China. liutao9099@163.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. zxj28@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Xianjia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou 550004, China. slx1087@163.com.
authors.forename: Liangxian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. zhuguangjinpumc@126.com.
authors.forename: Guangjin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. fengkui@sina.com.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. sljzhangbiao11@126.com.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. zjwzxuke@126.com.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. pxl19870610@163.com.
authors.forename: Xinglong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. ct19870629@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. panhui20111111@163.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. majin1912@163.com.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. yzhong_eye@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Longli Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guizhou 551200, China. gzlljkpb@126.com.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China. guangliang_shan@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Guangliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: control; ethnicity; hypertension; prevention