title: Influence of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tension on Knee Kinematics and Kinetics.
abstract: The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) has an important role in cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty to achieve good clinical results. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of PCL tension on knee kinematics and kinetics and to propose an indicator for proper PCL tension during surgery. A squatting activity was simulated in a weight-bearing deep knee bend using a musculoskeletal computer simulation knee model. The length of the PCL was changed to represent different PCL tension models. The amount of PCL tension significantly influenced knee kinematics and kinetics. In the normal PCL model, the facet center positions at 90 degrees of knee flexion were positioned at almost the same position as in full extension. A loose PCL-induced paradoxical anterior movement and greater patellofemoral forces, whereas a tight PCL was related to excessive rollback and increased tibiofemoral forces. This study suggested ideal knee kinematics with proper PCL tension, in which the medial contact position at full flexion was almost similar to the position at 90 degrees of knee flexion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoifi Abubakar
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Moritoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D011187:Posture; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular