title: [Application of embolic sclerotherapy for the treatment of painful venous malformation in limbs].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the safe and effective treatment for painful venous malformation (VM) in limbs.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) 97 cases with painful VM underwent MRI to detect the location of VM, as well as its size and structure, its relationship with the surrounding tissue. Statistical analysis was also performed. (2) The embolic agent (ethanol) was first injected to embolize the draining vessels of VM, then the Polidocanol plus Methotrexate (MTX) was followed to keep the embolization effect on VM. The therapeutic effect was observed and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January 2010 to January 2012, 97 patients with painful VM were treated. A Spearman correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between symptoms of pain and lesion growth, volume, or MRI grades (P > 0.05). The lesions in the muscle space are more likely to have the symptoms of pain (P < 0.01), followed by the lesions in the muscle, then the lesions in the joint and subcutaneous tissue. The pain relieve percentage was 95.9% (93/97) after one time embolic sclerotherapy. No severe complication, such as distant embolization, nerve damage, or muscle atrophy happened. No pain reoccurrence happened after 0.5-1.5 years of follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of embolic scleratherapy is minimal invasive, safe and effective for painful VM with stable results.
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yingying
authors.forename: Ouyang
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tianxiang
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huiping
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.forename: Ma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiaorong
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Miao
mesh_terms: D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005121:Extremities / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods; D000077423:Polidocanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000077423:Polidocanol; D000431:Ethanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D008727:Methotrexate