title: Sake Protein Supplementation Affects Exercise Performance and Biochemical Profiles in Power-Exercise-Trained Mice.
abstract: Exercise and fitness training programs have attracted the public's attention in recent years. Sports nutrition supplementation is an important issue in the global sports market.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we designed a power exercise training (PET) program with a mouse model based on a strength and conditional training protocol for humans. We tested the effect of supplementation with functional branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-rich sake protein (SP) to determine whether the supplement had a synergistic effect during PET and enhanced athletic performance and resistance to fatigue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male ICR mice were divided into three groups (n = 8 per group) for four-week treatment: sedentary controls with vehicle (SC), and PET and PET groups with SP supplementation (3.8 g/kg, PET + SP). Exercise performance was evaluated by forelimb grip strength and exhaustive swimming time as well as changes in body composition and anti-fatigue activity levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, and creatine kinase (CK) after a 15-min swimming exercise. The biochemical parameters were measured at the end of the experiment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  four-week PET significantly increased grip strength and exhaustive swimming time and decreased epididymal fat pad (EFP) weight and area. Levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and uric acid (UA) were significantly increased. PET + SP supplementation significantly decreased serum lactate, ammonia and CK levels after the 15-min swimming exercise. The resting serum levels of AST, ALT, CREA and UA were all significantly decreased with PET + SP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PET program could increase the exercise performance and modulate the body composition of mice. PET with SP conferred better anti-fatigue activity, improved biochemical profiles, and may be an effective ergogenic aid in strength training.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1021302@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1031303@ntsu.edu.tw.|Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan. 1031303@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Che-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-WanFang Hospital, Taipei City 11696, Taiwan. nsweili@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1041302@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Yi-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. 1040215@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Kuan-Neng
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. john5523@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chi-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Recreation and Leisure Industry Management, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan. kch@ntsu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chin-Hsung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D054874:Athletic Performance; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005221:Fatigue / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055070:Resistance Training; D013550:Swimming; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine; D000637:Transaminases; D003402:Creatine Kinase
keywords: anti-fatigue; exercise performance; power exercise training; sake protein; strength and conditional training