title: Respiratory Stabilization after Delivery in Term Infants after the Update of the Japan Resuscitation Council Guidelines in 2010.
abstract: The Japan Resuscitation Council (JRC) updated the guidelines for neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 2010, which recommended appropriate oxygen supplementation under the assessment of oximetry, with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as a consideration in the delivery room. Whether this update has resulted in an improvement of respiratory stabilization in term neonates has not been well investigated to date.
  
  
  
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the update of the JRC Guidelines in 2010 on the frequency of respiratory support for term neonates within 24 h of life in the nursery or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  
  
  
  We conducted a retrospective, single-center study using data of term neonates born between 2008 and 2009 (defined as 'group 1', before the update of the guidelines), and between 2011 and 2012 (defined as 'group 2', after the update of the guidelines). We compared resuscitation procedures in the delivery room and respiratory support in the nursery or NICU within 24 h of life between the two groups. Respiratory support included oxygen therapy, nasal CPAP and mechanical ventilation.
  
  
  
  A total of 5,036 infants were analyzed. In group 2, oxygen administration in the delivery room was significantly decreased (38.9 vs. 22.1%, p < 0.001) and face mask CPAP in the delivery room increased (1.7 vs. 11.1%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of respiratory support within 24 h of life in the nursery or NICU increased significantly in group 2 (group 1, 6.8% vs. group 2, 16.6%, p < 0.001).
  
  
  
  The update of the JRC Guidelines in 2010 resulted in an increase of respiratory support for term infants within 24 h of life.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hishikawa
authors.forename: Hideshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujinaga
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goishi
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneshige
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sago
authors.forename: Yushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000592:standards*; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D003696:Delivery Rooms / Q000458:organization & administration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047929:Term Birth; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D016896:Treatment Outcome