title: Efficacy of Some Essential Oils Against Aspergillus flavus with Special Reference to Lippia alba Oil an Inhibitor of Fungal Proliferation and Aflatoxin B1 Production in Green Gram Seeds during Storage.
abstract: During mycofloral analysis of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) seed samples taken from different grocery stores by agar and standard blotter paper methods, 5 fungal species were identified, of which Aspergillus flavus exhibited higher relative frequency (75.20% to 80.60%) and was found to produce aflatoxin B1 . On screening of 11 plant essential oils against this mycotoxigenic fungi, Lippia alba essential oil was found to be most effective and showed absolute inhibition of mycelia growth at 0.28 μL/mL. The oil of L. alba was fungistatic and fungicidal at 0.14 and 0.28 μL/mL, respectively. Oil had broad range of fungitoxicity at its MIC value and was absolutely inhibited the AFB1 production level at 2.0 μL/mL. Chemical analysis of this oil revealed geranial (36.9%) and neral (29.3%) as major components followed by myrcene (18.6%). Application of a dose of 80 μL/0.25 L air of Lippia oil in the storage system significantly inhibited the fungal proliferation and aflatoxin production without affecting the seed germination rate. By the virtue of fungicidal, antiaflatoxigenic nature and potent efficacy in storage food system, L. alba oil can be commercialized as botanical fungicide for the protection of green gram seeds during storage.
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology and Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Dept. of Botany, DDU Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, -273009, U.P, India.|Plant Health Management Div, Natl. Inst. of Plant Health Management, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, -500030, India.
authors.forename: Abhay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology and Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Dept. of Botany, DDU Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, -273009, U.P, India.
authors.forename: Nivedita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sonker
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology and Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Dept. of Botany, DDU Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, -273009, U.P, India.
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000475:Alkenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000187:drug effects*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D061353:Food Storage; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D032411:Lippia / Q000737:chemistry*; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; C509595:myrcene; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; C007076:citral
keywords: Aflatoxin B1; Lippia alba oil; antifungal activity; green gram seeds; postharvest fungi