title: Designing and implementing full immersion simulation as a research tool.
abstract: Simulation is a valuable research tool used to evaluate the clinical performance of devices, people and systems. The simulated setting may address concerns unique to complex clinical environments such as the Emergency Department, which make the conduct of research challenging. There is limited evidence available to inform the development of simulated clinical scenarios for the purpose of evaluating practice in research studies, with the majority of literature focused on designing simulated clinical scenarios for education and training. Distinct differences exist in scenario design when implemented in education compared with use in clinical research studies. Simulated scenarios used to assess practice in clinical research must not comprise of any purposeful or planned teaching and be developed with a high degree of validity and reliability. A new scenario design template was devised to develop two standardised simulated clinical scenarios for the evaluation of a new assessment framework for emergency nurses. The scenario development and validation processes undertaken are described and provide an evidence-informed guide to scenario development for future clinical research studies.
authors.affiliation: Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Emergency Department, The Wollongong Hospital, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: belinda.munroe@sesiahs.health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Munroe
authors.affiliation: Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.affiliation: Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Emergency Department, The Wollongong Hospital, NSW, Australia; Trauma Service, St George Hospital, Kogorah, NSW, Australia; St George Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.affiliation: St George Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, NSW, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia, St. George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D004506:Education, Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D016529:Emergency Nursing / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000379:methods*; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Education; Emergency Department; Emergency nursing; Nursing model; Patient simulation; Research