title: Protective effect of Naoxintong against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Naoxintong (NXT), a renowned traditional Chinese medicine in China, has been used for the treatment of acute and chronic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in clinic for more than 20 years.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of NXT against ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focal cerebral I/R injury in adult male CD-1 mice was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for 1h followed by reperfusion for 23h. Mice were randomly divided into five groups: Sham group; tMCAO group; Vehicle group; NXT-treated groups at doses of 0.36g/kg and 0.54g/kg. The effects of NXT on murine neurological function were estimated by neurological defect scores, infarct volume and brain water content at 24h after tMCAO. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of LOX-1, pERK1/2 and NF-κB at 24h after tMCAO. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LOX-1 and NF-κB at 24h after tMCAO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with Vehicle group, 0.54g/kg group of NXT significantly ameliorated neurological outcome, infarction volume and brain water content, decreased the expression of LOX-1, pERK1/2 and NF-κB (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NXT protected the mice brain against I/R injury, and this protection maybe associated with the down-regulation of LOX-1, pERK1/2 and NF-κB expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China. Electronic address: zhang6xj@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xiangjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaolu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E / Q000235:genetics; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C495138:Olr1 protein, mouse; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; C571443:naoxintong; D014867:Water; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Cerebral ischemia reperfusion; ERK1/2; LOX-1; NF-κB; Naoxintong; Neuroprotection; Paeoniflorin (PubChem CID: 442534); Salvianolic acid B (PubChem CID: 6451084); Tanshinone IIA (PubChem CID: 164676)