title: Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Osteogenically Induced Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Modulate Lineage Commitment.
abstract: The effective osteogenic commitment of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is critical for bone regenerative therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from hBMSCs have a regenerative potential that has been increasingly recognized. Herein, the osteoinductive potential of osteogenically induced hBMSC-EVs was examined. hBMSCs secreted negatively charged nanosized vesicles (∼ 35 nm) with EV-related surface markers. The yield of EVs over 7 days was dependent on an osteogenic stimulus (standard chemical cocktail or RUNX2 cationic-lipid transfection). These EVs were used to sequentially stimulate homotypic uncommitted cells during 7 days, matching the seeding density of EV parent cells, culture time, and stimuli. Osteogenically committed hBMSC-EVs induced an osteogenic phenotype characterized by marked early induction of BMP2, SP7, SPP1, BGLAP/IBSP, and alkaline phosphatase. Both EV groups outperformed the currently used osteoinductive strategies. These data show that naturally secreted EVs can guide the osteogenic commitment of hBMSCs in the absence of other chemical or genetic osteoinductors.
authors.affiliation: 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Albino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rui Luís
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradable and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal. Electronic address: nuno@dep.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: Nuno Meleiro
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Neves
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C546871:IBSP protein, human; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D053495:Osteopontin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase