title: [Venous saturation : Between oxygen delivery and consumption].
abstract: Venous saturation is an important parameter to assess the ratio between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption for both intensive care medicine and during perioperative care. Mixed venous saturation (SvO2) is the most reliable parameter in this setting. Due to the high invasiveness of measuring mixed venous saturation, the less invasive central venous saturation (ScvO2) has been entrenched for determining the balance of oxygen delivery and consumption. However, central venous saturation is inferior compared to mixed venous saturation as it does not cover the lower part of the body, including splanchnic perfusion. Nevertheless, studies have shown that central venous saturation is a reliable marker for goal-directed therapy in intensive care medicine, especially in patients with septic or hemorrhagic shock. Furthermore, central venous saturation has deep impact as a prognostic factor concerning morbidity and mortality. It has to be mentioned that not only decreased venous saturations but also elevated venous saturations are associated with poor outcome. Besides mixed venous and central venous saturation, intensivists and anesthesiologists focus on the central venous-arterial pCO2difference (dCO2). An elevated dCO2is associated with poor outcome in patients after cardiac surgery or patients with sepsis. Yet, further investigations have to be performed to implement the dCO2as a reliable marker in daily routine.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie mit Schwerpunkt operative Intensivmedizin, Campus Charité Mitte und Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland. viktor.mezger@charite.de.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mezger
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie mit Schwerpunkt operative Intensivmedizin, Campus Charité Mitte und Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Balzer
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie mit Schwerpunkt operative Intensivmedizin, Campus Charité Mitte und Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habicher
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Gießen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sander
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D003422:Critical Care; D006801:Humans; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D018805:Sepsis; D012772:Shock, Septic
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Central venous-arterial difference; Central-venous saturation; Goal-directed therapy; Mixed-venous saturation; Sepsis