title: Innate recognition of influenza virus and vaccine development.
abstract: Understanding the mechanisms by which influenza viruses are recognized by the innate immune system to elicit a protective adaptive immune response is essential for the development of effective vaccines. We have demonstrated that synthetic double-stranded RNA poly(I:C) is an effective adjuvant for intranasal influenza vaccine. Furthermore, we found that influenza virus activated the NLR　family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome via its M2 protein. Inflammasome activation in the lung coupled with priming signals from the commensal microbiota in the gut are essential for the generation of influenza virus-specific adaptive immune responses. These results provide a useful basis for developing effective vaccines against influenza viruses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Infection, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichinohe
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D058847:Inflammasomes; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D051379:Mice; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011070:Poly I-C; D011119:Polynucleotides; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D058847:Inflammasomes; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D011070:Poly I-C; D011119:Polynucleotides; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; C488937:M2 protein, Influenza A virus; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins