title: Complete Influenza Vaccination Trends for Children Six to Twenty-Three Months.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prevention of influenza among infants and young children is a public health priority because of their high risk for influenza-related complications. Depending on a child's age and previous influenza vaccination history, they are recommended to receive either 1 dose or 2 doses of influenza vaccine to be considered fully vaccinated against influenza for the season. We compared estimates of full (complete) influenza vaccination coverage of children 6 to 23 months across 10 consecutive influenza seasons (2002-2012), by race/ethnicity, age group, and by number of doses required to be fully vaccinated given child's vaccination history.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Immunization Survey data were used to estimate full influenza vaccination status among children 6 to 23 months on the basis of provider report. Estimates were computed by using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Full influenza vaccination coverage among children 6 to 23 months increased from 4.8% in the 2002-2003 influenza season to 44.7% in the 2011-2012 season. In all 10 influenza seasons studied, non-Hispanic black children and Hispanic children had lower full influenza vaccination coverage than non-Hispanic white children. For all 10 influenza seasons, full influenza vaccination coverage was higher among children requiring only 1 dose compared with those requiring 2 doses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Less than half of children 6 to 23 months in the United States, and an even a smaller percentage of Hispanic and non-Hispanic black children, are fully vaccinated against influenza. More implementation of evidence-based strategies that increase the percentage of children who are fully vaccinated is needed.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and afz5@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Tammy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Santibanez
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Grohskopf
authors.affiliation: Leidos Inc, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Yusheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Leidos Inc, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Katherine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kahn
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029521:Alphainfluenzavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000639:trends*
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines