title: Effect of vitamin D3 on chemokine levels and regulatory T-cells in pulmonary tuberculosis.
abstract: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] the active form of vitamin D3 acts as an immunomodulator in various immune cells. The present study is aimed to study the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on chemokine levels and regulatory T-cells in 51 healthy controls (HCs) and 50 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with culture filtrate antigen (CFA) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the presence or absence of 1,25(OH)2D3 at 10(-7) M concentration for 72 h and the percentage positive regulatory T-cell subsets were studied using flow cytometry. The chemokine levels were estimated in the culture supernatants by ELISA. 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly upregulated the frequency of regulatory T-cell subsets while suppressed the production of chemokine levels in CFA stimulated cultures of HCs and PTB patients (p<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells and MCP-1, MIP-1β and IP-10 in CFA stimulated with 1,25(OH)2D3 treated cells (p<0.05). The results suggested that 1,25(OH)2D3 upregulated regulatory T-cells and act as anti-inflammatory by downregulating chemokine levels which could be beneficial to protect the host from inflammation and tissue damage during infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (Formerly Tuberculosis Research Centre), Indian Council of Medical Research, 1, Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, Chennai 600 031, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harishankar
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Laboratory, Dept. of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (Formerly Tuberculosis Research Centre), Indian Council of Medical Research, 1, Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, Chennai 600 031, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anbalagan
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (Formerly Tuberculosis Research Centre), Indian Council of Medical Research, 1, Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, Chennai 600 031, India. Electronic address: p.selvaraj53@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D054407:Chemokine CCL4 / Q000378:metabolism; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000378:metabolism; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C117940:CFP-10 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D002762:Cholecalciferol
keywords: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D(3); Chemokines; Culture filtrate antigen and tuberculosis; Regulatory T-cells