title: Purinergic signalling-evoked intracellular Ca(2+) concentration changes in the regulation of chondrogenesis and skeletal muscle formation.
abstract: It is now widely recognised that changes of the intracellular calcium concentration have deep impact on the differentiation of various non-excitable cells including the elements of the vertebrate skeleton. It has become evident that purinergic signalling is one of the most ancient cellular mechanisms that can cause such alterations in the intracellular Ca(2+)-homeostasis, which are precisely set either spatially or temporally. Purinergic signalling is believed to regulate intracellular Ca(2+)-concentration of developing cartilage and skeletal muscle cells and suggested to play roles in the modulation of various cellular functions. This idea is supported by the fact that pluripotent mesenchymal cells, chondroprogenitors or muscle precursors, as well as mature chondrocytes all are capable of releasing ectonucleotides, and express various types of purinoreceptors and ectonucleotidases. The presence of the basic components of purinergic signalling proves that cells of the chondrogenic lineage can utilise this mechanism for modulating their intracellular Ca(2+) concentration independently from the surrounding skeletal muscle and bone tissues, which are well known to release ectopurines during development and mechanical stress. In this review, we summarize accumulating experimental evidence supporting the importance of purinergic signalling in the regulation of chondrogenesis and during skeletal muscle formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary; Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matta
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fodor
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary.
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Csernoch
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. Electronic address: roza@anat.med.unideb.hu.
authors.forename: Róza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zákány
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium
keywords: ATP; Ca-oscillations; Cartilage formation; Mesenchymal stem cells; Myogenesis; Purinoreceptor