title: Glycolysis as the Central Core of Fermentation.
abstract: The increasing concerns of greenhouse gas emissions have increased the interest in dark fermentation as a means of productions for industrial chemicals, especially from renewable cellulosic biomass. However, the metabolism, including glycolysis, of many candidate organisms for cellulosic biomass conversion through consolidated bioprocessing is still poorly understood and the genomes have only recently been sequenced. Because a variety of industrial chemicals are produced directly from sugar metabolism, the careful understanding of glycolysis from a genomic and biochemical point of view is essential in the development of strategies for increasing product yields and therefore increasing industrial potential. The current review discusses the different pathways available for glycolysis along with unexpected variations from traditional models, especially in the utilization of alternate energy intermediates (GTP, pyrophosphate). This reinforces the need for a careful description of interactions between energy metabolites and glycolysis enzymes for understanding carbon and electron flux regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taillefer
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3T 2N2. Richard.Sparling@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sparling
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D056804:Biofuels; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D005947:Glucose
keywords: ATP; Dark fermentation; Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway; Energy conservation; Fermentation; GTP; Glycolysis; Pyrophosphate; Substrate level phosphorylation