title: Geographical variation in inorganic arsenic in paddy field samples and commercial rice from the Iberian Peninsula.
abstract: This study investigated total arsenic and arsenic speciation in rice using ion chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (IC-ICP-MS), covering the main rice-growing regions of the Iberian Peninsula in Europe. The main arsenic species found were inorganic and dimethylarsinic acid. Samples surveyed were soil, shoots and field-collected rice grain. From this information soil to plant arsenic transfer was investigated plus the distribution of arsenic in rice across the geographical regions of Spain and Portugal. Commercial polished rice was also obtained from each region and tested for arsenic speciation, showing a positive correlation with field-obtained rice grain. Commercial polished rice had the lowest i-As content in Andalucia, Murcia and Valencia while Extremadura had the highest concentrations. About 26% of commercial rice samples exceeded the permissible concentration for infant food production as governed by the European Commission. Some cadmium data is also presented, available with ICP-MS analyses, and show low concentration in rice samples.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. Electronic address: a.signes-pastor@qub.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Signes-Pastor
authors.affiliation: Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Manus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.affiliation: AgroFood Technology Department, Miguel Hernández University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Angel A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Carbonell-Barrachina
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moreno-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Doñana Biological Station, EBD-CSIC, Amarico Vespucio Rd. 41092, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Andy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Meharg
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis; D002845:Chromatography; D005062:European Union; D005504:Food Analysis; D007225:Infant Food; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D011174:Portugal; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D002104:Cadmium; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Arsenic speciation; Cadmium; Iberian Peninsula; Inorganic arsenic; Rice; Shoots; Soil