title: Does exposure to cigarette brands increase the likelihood of adolescent e-cigarette use? A cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between tobacco cigarette brand recognition, and e-cigarette use in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  High schools in Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires were administered to pupils in Secondary 2 (S2 mean age: 14.0 years) and Secondary 4 (S4 mean age: 15.9 years) across 4 communities in Scotland. An 86% response rate with a total sample of 1404 pupils was achieved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported previous use of e-cigarettes and self-reported intention to try e-cigarettes in the next 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  75% (1029/1377) of respondents had heard of e-cigarettes (69.5% S2, 81.1% S4), and of these, 17.3% (10.6% S2, 24.3% S4 n=1020) had ever tried an e-cigarette. 6.8% (3.7% S2, 10.0% S4 n=1019) reported that they intended to try an e-cigarette in the next 6 months. Recognition of more cigarette brands was associated with greater probability of previous e-cigarette use (OR 1.20, 99% CI 1.05 to 1.38) as was having a best friend who smoked (OR 3.17, 99% CI 1.42 to 7.09). Intention to try e-cigarettes was related to higher cigarette brand recognition (OR 1.41, 99% CI 1.07 to 1.87), hanging around in the street or park more than once a week (OR 3.78, 99% CI 1.93 to 7.39) and living in areas of high tobacco retail density (OR 1.20, 99% CI 1.08 to 1.34). Never having smoked was a protective factor for both future intention to try, and past e-cigarette use (OR 0.07, 99% CI 0.02 to 0.25; and OR 0.10, 99% CI 0.07 to 0.16, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher cigarette brand recognition was associated with increased probability of previous use and of intention to use e-cigarettes. The impact of tobacco control measures such as restricting point-of-sale displays on the uptake of e-cigarettes in young people should be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3652-2498
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Best
authors.affiliation: Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van der Sluijs
authors.affiliation: Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haseen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Social Marketing, School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eadie
authors.affiliation: Institute for Social Marketing, School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stead
authors.affiliation: Institute for Social Marketing, School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: MacKintosh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Environment Society and Health, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Environment Society and Health, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tisch
authors.affiliation: ScotCen Social Research, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: MacGregor
authors.affiliation: Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amos
authors.affiliation: Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Public Health Research and Policy, The Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haw
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000329:Advertising; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D033062:Friends / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D007899:Leisure Activities; D016015:Logistic Models; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062789:Tobacco Products
keywords: PUBLIC HEALTH