title: Prunus mume leaf extract lowers blood glucose level in diabetic mice.
abstract: Context Diabetes is a common metabolic disease with long-term complications. Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. (Rosaceae) fruits have shown to ameliorate glucose intolerance. However, the antidiabetic effects of P. mume leaves have not been investigated. Objective This study evaluated the effects of P. mume leaf 70% ethanol extract (PMLE) on alleviating diabetes in vivo and in vitro. Materials and methods PMLE was fractionated into n-hexane, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (BuOH) and water. Polyphenol and flavonoid contents in PMLE fractions were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the aluminium chloride colorimetric method, respectively. We evaluated α-glucosidase inhibition using a microplate reader at 400 nm. Adipocyte differentiation by lipid accumulation was measured using Nile Red staining. Male imprinting control region (ICR) mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg, i.p.). High-fat diets were provided for three weeks prior to PMLE treatments to induce type 2 diabetes. PMLE (0, 5, 25 or 50 mg/kg) was administrated for four weeks with high-fat diets. Results The EtOAc fraction of PMLE inhibited α-glucosidase activity (IC50 = 68.2 μg/mL) and contained 883.5 ± 14.9 mg/g of polyphenols and 820.1 ± 7.7 mg/g of flavonoids. The 50 mg/kg PMLE supplement reduced 40% of blood glucose level compared to obese/diabetes mice. Obese/diabetic mice treated with 50 mg/kg PMLE showed a lower level of triacylglycerol (320.7 ± 20.73 mg/dL) compared to obese/diabetes mice (494.9 ± 14.80 mg/dL). Conclusion The data demonstrate that P. mume leaves exert antidiabetic effects that may be attributable to high concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine , Gachon University , Seongnam , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Min Woo
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: b College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Global Campus , Yongin , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Jung Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: a Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine , Gachon University , Seongnam , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Young-Jong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: b College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Global Campus , Yongin , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Yong Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: b College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Global Campus , Yongin , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Inhye
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: b College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Global Campus , Yongin , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Young Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: c Clinical Trial Center for Bio-Industry, Semyung University , Jechon , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: b College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Global Campus , Yongin , Republic of Korea ;
authors.forename: Se Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Adipocyte differentiation; flavonoid; polyphenol; α-glucosidase inhibitor