title: The Association between Children's Behavior and Parenting of Caregivers: A Longitudinal Study in Japan.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the association between children's behavior (i.e., prosocial and problematic behavior) and the parenting style (i.e., laxness and overreactivity) of their caregivers by using longitudinal data in the Japanese population. These data were collected when the children were 7.5 and 9 years. We proposed three hypotheses: children's behavior at 7.5 years will predict their behavior at 9 years; children's behavior at 7.5 years will predict the parenting of their caregivers; and the parenting style of caregivers will affect their children's behavior at 9 years. We evaluated children's behavior and parenting behavior using a strength and difficulties questionnaire and a parenting scale. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the SEM showed that children's behavior at 7.5 years predicted their behavior at 9 years. Children's problematic behavior at 7.5 years triggered overreactive parenting in their caregivers at 9 years, which increased problematic behavior and decreased prosocial behavior in the children at 9 years. These findings indicate the association between children's behavior and the parenting style of caregivers in Japan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Institute of Mental Health , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Institute of Mental Health , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Center EAST for Children/Adults with Developmental Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy, National Center for Child Health and Development , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takehara
authors.affiliation: Department of International and Cultural Studies, Tsuda College , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Chizuru
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Misago
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Institute of Mental Health , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Masumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inagaki
keywords: child development; developmental disorders; family psychology; parenting; structural equation modeling