title: Association of State Laws and Healthcare Workers' Influenza Vaccination Rates.
abstract: State laws are being used to increase healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccine uptake. Approximately 40% of states have enacted such laws but their effectiveness has been infrequently studied. Data sources for this study were the 2000-2011 U.S. National Health Interview Survey Adult Sample File and a summary of U.S. state HCW influenza vaccination laws. Hierarchical linear modeling was used for two time periods: 1) 2000-2005 (before enactment of many state laws) and 2) 2006-2011 (a time of increased enactment of state HCW influenza vaccination legislation). During 2000-2005, two states had HCW influenza vaccination laws and HCW influenza vaccination rates averaged 22.5%. In 2006-2011, 19 states had such laws and vaccination rates averaged 50.9% (p < 0.001). The likelihood of HCW vaccination increased with the scope and breadth, measured by a law score. Although laws varied widely in scope and applicability, states with HCW influenza vaccination laws reported higher HCW vaccination rates.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh. Electronic address: cjlin@pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Chyongchiou Jeng
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Mary Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Nowalk
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Mahlon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raymund
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Patricia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines
keywords: State law; healthcare workers; hierarchical linear modeling; influenza vaccination