title: Differentiation-inducing factor 2 modulates chemotaxis via the histidine kinase DhkC-dependent pathway in Dictyostelium discoideum.
abstract: Differentiation-inducing factor 1(DIF-1) and DIF-2 are signaling molecules that control chemotaxis in Dictyostelium discoideum. Whereas DIF-1 suppresses chemotaxis in shallow cAMP gradients, DIF-2 enhances chemotaxis under the same conditions via a phosphodiesterase, response regulator A (RegA), which is a part of the DhkC-RdeA-RegA two-component signaling system. In this study, to investigate the mechanism of the chemotaxis regulation by DIF-2, we examined the effects of DIF-2 (and DIF-1) on chemotaxis in rdeA(-) and dhkC(-) mutant strains. In the parental wild-type strains, chemotactic cell movement was suppressed with DIF-1 and enhanced with DIF-2 in shallow cAMP gradients. In contrast, in both rdeA(-) and dhkC(-) strains, chemotaxis was suppressed with DIF-1 but unaffected by DIF-2. The results suggest that DIF-2 modulates chemotaxis via the DhkC-RdeA-RegA signaling system.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuzuru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubohara
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000502:physiology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D017125:Genes, Protozoan; D006588:Hexanones / Q000378:metabolism; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D010422:Pentanones / Q000378:metabolism*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006588:Hexanones; D010422:Pentanones; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C112741:RdeA protein, Dictyostelium; C053433:1-((3,5-dichloro)-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexanone; C055365:1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-)-1-pentanone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011494:Protein Kinases; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; C112742:regA protein, Dictyostelium
keywords: Dictyostelium; Dictyostelium histidine kinase C; chemotaxis; differentiation-inducing factor; rapid development A; response regulator A