title: Endothelial and Metabolic Function Interactions in Overweight/Obese Children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although the underlined mechanisms are still unknown, metabolic/coagulation alterations related to childhood obesity can induce vascular impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between metabolic/coagulation parameters and endothelial function/vascular morphology in overweight/obese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five obese/overweight children (22 pre-pubertal, mean age: 9.52±3.35 years) were enrolled. Body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment index (HOMAIR), metabolic and coagulation parameters, [adiponectin, fibrinogen, high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW), endothelin-1, and vonWillebrand factor antigen] ultrasound early markers of atherosclerosis [flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), common carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), and anteroposterior diameter of infra-renal abdominal aorta (APAO)] were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  APAO was related to anthropometric (age: r=0.520, p=0.001; height: r=0.679, p＜0.001; weight: r=0.548, p=0.001; BMI: r=0.607, p＜0.001; SBP: r=0.377, p=0.026) and metabolic (HOMAIR: r=0.357, p=0.035; HMW: r=－0.355, p=0.036) parameters. Age, height, and systolic blood pressure were positively related to increased C-IMT (r=0.352, p=0.038; r=0.356, p=0.036; r=0.346, p=0.042, respectively). FMD was not related to any clinical and biochemical characteristics of the pediatric population. Age, HOMAIR, fasting glucose levels, and HMW were independent predictors for APAO increase. Each unit decrease in HMW concentrations (1 μg/ml) induced a 0.065 mm increase in APAO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High molecular weight adiponectin is related to cardiovascular risk in overweight/obese children.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University.
authors.forename: Marco Matteo
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ciccone
authors.forename: Maria Felicia
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Faienza
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altomare
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nacci
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montagnani
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cortese
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gesualdo
authors.forename: Annapaola
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mancarella
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leogrande
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scicchitano
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giordano
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D002648:Child; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008660:Metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers