title: Labile trace metal contribution of the runoff collector to a semi-urban river.
abstract: In this study, the distribution of labile trace metals (LTMs; Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in a semi-urban runoff collector was examined to assess its influence to a natural aqueous system (Jalle River, Bordeaux, France). This river is of high importance as it is part of a natural reserve dedicated to conserving aquatic flora and fauna. Two sampling campaigns with a differing precipitation condition (period 1, spring season; and period 2, summer season associated with storms) were considered. Precipitation and water flow were monitored. The collector is active as it is receptive to precipitation changes. It influences the river through discharging water, contributing LTMs, and channeling the mass fluxes. During period 2 where precipitation rate is higher, 25 % of the total water volume of the river was supplied by the collector. LTMs were detected at the collector. Measurements were done by using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) probes deployed during 1, 7, and 14 days in each period. The results showed that in an instantaneous period (day 1 or D1), most of these trace metals are above the environmental quality standards (Cd, Co, Cr, and Zn). The coefficient of determination (r (2) > 0.50) employed confirmed that the LTM concentrations in the downstream can be explained by the collector. While Co and Cr are from the upstream and the collector, Cd, Cu, and Zn are mostly provided by the collector. Ni, however, is mostly delivered by the upstream. Using the concentrations observed, the river can be affected by the collector in varying ways: (1) adding effect, resulting from the mix of the upstream and the collector (if upstream ˂ downstream); (2) diluted (if upstream ˃ downstream); and (3) conservative or unaffected (upstream ~ downstream). The range of LTM mass fluxes that the collector holds are as follows: (1) limited range or ˂10 g/day, Cd (0.04-1.75 g/day), Co (0.08-05.42 g/day), Ni (0.06-1.45 g/day), and Pb (0.08-9.89 g/day); (2) moderate range or 11-50 g/day, Cr (0.23-33.26 g/day) and Cu (0.77-37.88 g/day); and (3) wide range or ˃50 g/day, Zn (26.33-676.61 g/day). Hence, the collector is a major source of concern in terms of contamination. This is as the water with considerable LTMs is channeled openly to the river without any treatment.
authors.affiliation: Université de Bordeaux, I2M-GCE, B18 Avenue des facultés, 33405, Talence, France.|CNRS, EA CNRS 4592 Géoressources & Environnement, ENSEGID, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 1 allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.affiliation: Lyonnaise des Eaux - LyRE, Domaine du Haut Carré, 33400, Talence, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.affiliation: Lyonnaise des Eaux - LyRE, Domaine du Haut Carré, 33400, Talence, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Binet
authors.affiliation: Lyonnaise des Eaux - LyRE, Domaine du Haut Carré, 33400, Talence, France.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Litrico
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, 20250, Corte, France.|CNRS, UMR 6134, SPE, 20250, Corte, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huneau
authors.affiliation: Université de Bordeaux, I2M-GCE, B18 Avenue des facultés, 33405, Talence, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peyraube
authors.affiliation: CNRS, EA CNRS 4592 Géoressources & Environnement, ENSEGID, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 1 allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France. plc@lnet.fr.|Université de Bordeaux, UF STE, B.18, Av. des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France. plc@lnet.fr.|CNRS, UMR 5254, IPREM-UPPA, Technopole Hélioparc, 2 Av. Pdt P. Angot, 64058, Pau Cedex 09, France. plc@lnet.fr.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Coustumer
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005602:France; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D014507:Urbanization; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: DGT; Jalle river; Labile trace metals; Precipitation; Stormwater and runoff collector; Trace metal mass fluxes; Water flow