title: [Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Budesonide, Almeterol and Azithromycin for the Treatment of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel therapeutic regimen for bronchiolitis obliterans sydrome (BOS) affter hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients who had received HSCT and had been diagnosed as BOS were enrolled in this study. They received weekly intravenous injection of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) at a dose of 1 × 10(6)/kg for 4 weeks. Budesonide was given orally at a daily dose of 0.25 g, and salmeterol was inhaled at a dose of 4.5 µg for 3 times per day. Methylprednisolone was given at a dose of 1 mg/(kg·d) for 2 weeks when respiratory failure occured. The dose of methylprednisolone was tapered to 0.25 mg/(kg·d) after 4 weeks and was adjusted according to the occurrence and severity of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The therapy was generally safe and no severe acute toxicity was observed. One patient died of heart failure during the treatment, the other 6 patients were alive and the pulmonary function parameters including FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PaO2 and AaDO2 were significantly improved after 6 months as compared with the baseline parameters (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSC combined with budesonide, almeterol and azithromycin has been confirmed to be generally safe and can reduce the dose of glucocorticoid in treatment of BOS after HSCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Pei
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Kuan
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Chinese Air Force, Beijing 100042, China. E-mail: wanghengxiang123@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Heng-Xiang
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D017963:Azithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001989:Bronchiolitis Obliterans / Q000628:therapy*; D019819:Budesonide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019819:Budesonide; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D017963:Azithromycin; D008775:Methylprednisolone