title: The Effects of Body Composition, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity on Calcaneus Quantitative Ultrasound in Spanish Young Adults.
abstract: Identifying modifiable factors that influence bone gain during early adulthood in order to maximize peak bone mass (PBM) is a potential primary strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis in later life. The present study examined the relationships between body composition, dietary intake and physical activity (PA), and bone health measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) at the right calcaneus. The study population consisted of 781 Spanish men and women (age 19.1 ± 3.6). Body composition, dietary intake, PA, and bone strength were assessed. Calcaneus QUS was significantly correlated with age, height, weight, body mass index, lean mass, fat mass, protein intake, and moderate and high PA. No significant correlation between calcium intake and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA, dB/MHz) was detected. Linear regression analyses revealed that independent variables accounted for 18.8% of the total variance of calcaneus BUA (p = .000). Lean mass and high PA were significant predictors of BUA variance in young adults (p = .000 and p = .045, respectively). Results indicate that lifestyle choices and their consequences during early adulthood could influence bone mass, particularly PA and lean mass. Furthermore, this study provides novel data about bone mass as indicated by the QUS measurements at the time of PBM acquisition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain macoro@ugr.es.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Correa-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Jacqueline Schmidt
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rio-Valle
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: González-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rueda-Medina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013030:Spain; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium
keywords: body composition; calcaneus quantitative ultrasound; nutrition; peak bone mass; physical activity; young adults