title: Pelvic ring injuries: Surgical management and long-term outcomes.
abstract: Pelvic ring injuries present a therapeutic challenge to the orthopedic surgeon. Management is based on the patient's physiological status, fracture classification, and associated injuries. Surgical stabilization is indicated in unstable injury patterns and those that fail nonsurgical management. The optimal timing for definitive fixation is not clearly defined, but early stabilization is recommended. Surgical techniques include external fixation, open reduction and internal fixation, and minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis. Special considerations are required for concomitant acetabular fractures, sacral fractures, and those occurring in skeletally immature patients. Long-term outcomes are limited by lack of pelvis-specific outcome measures and burden of associated injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3000, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
authors.forename: Mohamad J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Halawi
keywords: Indications; Outcomes; Pelvic ring injuries; Surgical treatment; Timing