title: Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: a rare case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome (CCS) is a rare non-inherited disease characterized by gastrointestinal polyposis and ectodermal abnormalities, the estimated incidence is about one per million. Recognizing and curing the disorder face great challenge.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report refers to a Chinese 52 year old man with gastrointestinal symptoms and ectodermal abnormalities. Gastrointestinal symptoms occurred without obvious cause, followed by ectodermal abnormalities after two months. In several hospitals, endoscopy examinations found numerous polypoid lesions in various sizes spreading over the stomach and the entire colon and rectum, histopathological examinations showed inflammatory and adenomatous polyp. In our hospital, both endoscopy and the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of small intestine showed gastrointestinal polyposis. Gastric antrum and the colon biopsy samples suggested hyperplastic and inflammatory polyp respectively. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) suggested gastric wall thickening. Fujinnon intelligent color enhancement (FICE) revealed that the size of gastric glands pit varied, and vessels were visible. Confocal endoscope showed increased glandular epithelium layers. Magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy (ME-NBI) detected that pit pattern in the mucous of the polyp were regular and type III-IV of microvessels were seen. Biochemical investigations showed anemia, hypoalbuminemia and electrolyte disturbance. IgG, IgA and C3 decreased. Anti-ribosomal phosphoprotein is weak positive. The patient was given nutritional support treatment. Gstrointestinal symptoms and hyperpigmentation improved gradually.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patient was ever hospitalized in four hospitals and was diagnosed with CCS after 8 months of gastrointestinal symptoms. So when encountering the patient with gastrointestinal polyposis and ectodermal abnormalities, try to take CCS into consideration. Due to its low incidence, no standard therapy regimen has been established so far. However, nutritional support treatment is of great significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. Zhaoruifeng08@sina.com.
authors.forename: Ruifeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. ppvictory@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mely
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. banafaomar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Banafea
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. zhaojinfang13@163.com.
authors.forename: Jinfang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. lingcheng1991@126.com.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. zoukaifang06@sina.com.
authors.forename: Kaifang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China. zhuliangru05@163.com.
authors.forename: Liangru
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000473:pathology*; D003113:Colonoscopy; D019160:Endosonography; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D044483:Intestinal Polyposis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000473:pathology; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed