title: Neuronal nitric oxide synthase has a role in the detrimental effects of lipopolysaccharide on spatial memory and synaptic plasticity in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory and synaptic plasticity impairment was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were divided and treated as follows: (1) control (saline), (2) LPS, (3) 7NI (7-nitroindazole as a nNOS inhibitor)-LPS and (4) 7NI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a Morris water maze, the LPS group took a longer amount of time and traveled a greater distance to reach the platform, this was prevented by 7NI. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in the hippocampus of the LPS group were higher while the total thiol, superoxide dismutase and catalase were lower than that of the controlled specimen. Pre-treatment using 7NI prevented the changes in the biochemical criteria. The slope and amplitude of the field excitatory post-synaptic potential (fEPSP) in the LPS group decreased, whereas in 7NI-LPS group they increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that inhibition of nNOS by 7NI improves the deleterious effects of LPS by reducing NO metabolites and the brain tissues oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anaeigoudari
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soukhtanloo
authors.affiliation: Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Naser
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Shafei
authors.affiliation: Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Sadeghnia
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Parham
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reisi
authors.affiliation: Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Farimah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beheshti
authors.affiliation: Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Sepehr
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Behradnia
authors.affiliation: Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mojtaba
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mousavi
authors.affiliation: Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: hosseinim@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosseini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007191:Indazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007191:Indazoles; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C080122:7-nitroindazole
keywords: Lipopolysaccharide; Memory; Neuronal nitric oxide; Synaptic plasticity