title: FDG PET/CT in Acute Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Occurring in a Case of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
abstract: Tumefactive multiple sclerosis refers to the presentation of large demyelinating lesions (≥2 cm in diameter) mimicking brain tumors clinically and radiologically. We present the MRI and FDG PET/CT findings in a case with tumefactive multiple sclerosis, who had chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Head MRI showed 7 cerebral lesions with incomplete ring enhancement. All but one lesion had size more than 2 cm. All these demyelinating lesions showed increased uptake at the rims of the lesions with central hypometabolism. Stereotactic brain biopsy of the right frontal lesion revealed extensive macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of *Nuclear Medicine, †Pathology, and ‡Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Aisheng
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Mingjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Changjing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001706:Biopsy; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18