title: Preparation and characterization of chitosan-natural nano hydroxyapatite-fucoidan nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Solid three dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering were prepared using the freeze-drying method. The scaffolds were composed of chitosan, natural nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and fucoidan in the following combinations: chitosan, chitosan-fucoidan, chitosan-nHA, and chitosan-nHA-fucoidan. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical microscopy (OM) were used to determine the physiochemical constituents and the morphology of the scaffolds. The addition of nHA into the chitosan-fucoidan composite scaffold reduced the water uptake and water retention. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of a phosphate group in the chitosan-nHA-fucoidan scaffold. This group is present because of the presence of nHA (isolated via alkaline hydrolysis from salmon fish bones). Microscopic results indicated that the dispersion of nHA and fucoidan in the chitosan matrix was uniform with a pore size of 10-400μm. The composite demonstrated a suitable micro architecture for cell growth and nutrient supplementation. This compatibility was further elucidated in vitro using periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs). The cells demonstrated high biocompatibility and excellent mineralization for the chitosan-nHA-fucoidan scaffold. We believe that a chitosan-nHA-fucoidan composite is a promising biomaterial for the scaffold that can be used for bone tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Marine Bioprocess Research Center and Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea.
authors.forename: Baboucarr
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jayachandran
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, P.O Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Sukumaran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anil
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, South Korea. Electronic address: msshim@inu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Min Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Marine Bioprocess Research Center and Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea. Electronic address: sknkim@pknu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Se-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010521:Periosteum / Q000166:cytology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011134:Polysaccharides; D048271:Chitosan; C007789:fucoidan; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Bone tissue regeneration; Chitosan; Fucoidan; Nanohydroxyapatite; Scaffolds