title: A Highly Selective Sensor for Cyanide in Organic Media and on Solid Surfaces.
abstract: The application of IR 786 perchlorate (IR-786) as a selective optical sensor for cyanide anion in both organic solution (acetonitrile (MeCN), 100%) and solvent-free solid surfaces was demonstrated. In MeCN, IR-786 was selective to two anions in the following order: CN(-) > OH(-). A significant change in the characteristic dark green color of IR-786 in MeCN to yellow was observed as a result of nucleophilic addition of CN(-) to the fluorophore, i.e., formation of IR 786-(CN), which was also verified by a blue shift in the 775 nm absorbance peak to 430 nm. A distinct green fluorescence emission from the IR-786-(CN) in MeCN was also observed, which demonstrated the selectivity of IR-786 towards CN(-) in MeCN. Fluorescence emission studies of IR-786 showed that the lower detection limit and the sensitivity of IR-786 for CN(-) in MeCN was 0.5 μM and 0.5 to 8 μM, respectively. The potential use of IR-786 as a solvent-free solid state sensor for the selective sensing and monitoring of CN(-) in the environment was also demonstrated. On solvent-free solid state surfaces, the sensitivity of the IR-786 to CN(-) in water samples was in the range of 50-300 μM with minimal interference by OH(-).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA. bebar1@morgan.edu.
authors.forename: Belygona
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barare
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA. ilknurbabahan@yahoo.com.|Department of Chemistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey. ilknurbabahan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ilknur
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Babahan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. yousef.hijji@qu.edu.qa.
authors.forename: Yousef M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hijji
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA. enbon1@morgan.edu.
authors.forename: Enock
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonyi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA. solomon.tadesse@morgan.edu.
authors.forename: Solomon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tadesse
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA. kadir.aslan@morgan.edu.
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aslan
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry; D003486:Cyanides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002232:Carbocyanines; D003486:Cyanides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C577436:IR-786; D007211:Indoles; D012997:Solvents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water
keywords: IR-786; anion sensing; chemical sensors; cyanide sensing; cyanine dyes; near-infrared fluorophores; optical sensors