title: Parental Choice of Recall Method for HPV Vaccination: A Pragmatic Trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Completion rates for the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) series among adolescents remain low. Effectiveness of recall with parents choosing the method (preference-based recall) for increasing HPV series completion is unstudied. Within a cluster-randomized trial, we examined effectiveness of preference-based recall compared with usual care for increasing series completion and the association of recall choices with completion.
  
  
  METHODS
  All Kaiser Permanente Colorado pediatric practices (n = 7) were randomized to intervention (n = 4) or control (n = 3) by using covariate-constrained randomization. From January to June 2013, parents at intervention practices whose adolescents received HPV 1 were asked the recall method they preferred for subsequent doses and if they also wanted their child reminded. Completion rates were assessed 1 year after HPV 1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At intervention practices, 374 (43%) of 867 patients were enrolled; 39% preferred text, 18% e-mail, 9% auto-dialer, and 34% 2-methods; 19% chose to have adolescent also recalled. Intervention adolescents were more likely to complete (63% vs 38%) than were controls (adjusted risk ratio 1.47 [1.38-1.57]) and less likely to be late in completing the series (45% vs 57%, P = .02). Rates of completion were similar between different recall methods, but significantly higher for those preferring e-mail and phone compared withother methods (90% vs 60%. P = .008). Completion rates were similar for adolescents who also received recalls (62%) versus those who did not (63%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preference-based recall was effective in increasing HPV series completion rates, with point estimates substantially higher than for most published studies of reminder/recall.
authors.affiliation: Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Departments of Pediatrics, and allison.kempe@childrenscolorado.org.
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kempe
authors.affiliation: Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Departments of Pediatrics, and.
authors.forename: Sean T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado; and.
authors.forename: Jo Ann
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shoup
authors.affiliation: National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stokley
authors.affiliation: Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lockhart
authors.affiliation: Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furniss
authors.affiliation: Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Family Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: L Miriam
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.affiliation: Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barnard
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, and Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado; and.
authors.forename: Matthew F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Daley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017010:Reminder Systems; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines