title: Effect of sandblasting on fracture load of titanium ceramic crowns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is difficult to achieve a reliable bond between the titanium and veneering porcelain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength between titanium ceramic crowns.
  
  
  METHODS
  The surfaces of titanium copings were divided in two groups. Group A sandblasted with 250 um (n = 10) and Group B without sandblasting (n = 10). Low-fusing porcelain was bonded over copings. A universal testing machine was used to determine the fracture load (N) of the crowns. All data were compared using Student's t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference in fracture toughness between two groups (P = 0.05). The mean value of fracture strength for Group A was 721.66 N and for Group B was 396.39 N.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sandblasting improves the bond strength between titanium, and ceramic, mechanical bonding plays a crucial role in the bonding between titanium and ceramic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, H.K.E.S's S.N Dental College, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Arvind I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Moldi
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, H.K.E.S's S.N Dental College, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Kishor Singh
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sharanbassapa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagral
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Dental College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Sumit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deshpandey
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Pawan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
keywords: Bonding; fracture load; sandblasting; titanium