title: Mapping the calcitonin receptor in human brain stem.
abstract: The calcitonin receptor (CTR) is relevant to three hormonal systems: amylin, calcitonin, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Receptors for amylin and calcitonin are targets for treating obesity, diabetes, and bone disorders. CGRP receptors represent a target for pain and migraine. Amylin receptors (AMY) are a heterodimer formed by the coexpression of CTR with receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs). CTR with RAMP1 responds potently to both amylin and CGRP. The brain stem is a major site of action for circulating amylin and is a rich site of CGRP binding. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of these hormone systems by mapping CTR expression in the human brain stem, specifically the medulla oblongata. Widespread CTR-like immunoreactivity was observed throughout the medulla. Dense CTR staining was noted in several discrete nuclei, including the nucleus of the solitary tract, the hypoglossal nucleus, the cuneate nucleus, spinal trigeminal nucleus, the gracile nucleus, and the inferior olivary nucleus. CTR staining was also observed in the area postrema, the lateral reticular nucleus, and the pyramidal tract. The extensive expression of CTR in the medulla suggests that CTR may be involved in a wider range of functions than currently appreciated.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;
authors.forename: Rebekah L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;
authors.forename: Sajedeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eftekhari
authors.affiliation: Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and.
authors.forename: Henry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Waldvogel
authors.affiliation: Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; and.
authors.forename: Richard L M
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Faull
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tajti
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Edvinsson
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;
authors.forename: Debbie L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; cs.walker@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001345:Autoradiography; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000378:metabolism*; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin
keywords: amylin; brain stem; calcitonin gene-related peptide; migraine; obesity