title: Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22: Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation, and Validation in Hebrew-Speaking Patients.
abstract: To perform the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire to the Hebrew language.
  
  
  
  A single-center prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  
  Seventy-three chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and 73 patients without sinonasal disease filled the Hebrew version of the SNOT-22 questionnaire. Fifty-one CRS patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery, out of which 28 filled a postoperative questionnaire. Seventy-three healthy volunteers without sinonasal disease also answered the questionnaire. Internal consistency, test-retest reproducibility, validity, and responsiveness of the questionnaire were evaluated.
  
  
  
  Questionnaire reliability was excellent, with a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient, 0.91-0.936) and test-retest reproducibility (Spearman's coefficient, 0.962). Mean scores for the preoperative, postoperative, and control groups were 50.44, 29.64, and 13.15, respectively (P < .0001 for CRS vs controls, P < .001 for preoperative vs postoperative), showing validity and responsiveness of the questionnaire.
  
  
  
  The Hebrew version of SNOT-22 questionnaire is a valid outcome measure for patients with CRS with or without nasal polyps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shapira Galitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Doron
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Halperin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Yosef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bavnik
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; affiliated with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel meirwa@clalit.org.il.
authors.forename: Meir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warman
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D007802:Language; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations
keywords: SNOT-22; chronic rhinosinusitis; nasal polyps; quality of life; questionnaires