title: Interpersonal-psychological theory and parental bonding predict suicidal ideation among soldiers in Taiwan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Suicide is an important issue among military personnel, who have higher suicide rates compared with the general population. The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPTS) might provide an empirical explanation of this phenomenon, and parental bonding influences social adjustment and suicide. To investigate the relevance of IPTS and parental bonding for suicide among Taiwanese soldiers, a case-control study was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a suicide-reporting system in a teaching general hospital in Southern Taiwan, 226 at-risk maladjusted soldiers and 229 well-adjusted controls were enrolled. We collected basic information, and participants answered four IPTS-based questions. Suicide risk was assessed using the Brief Symptom Rating Scale item 6. A four-factor model of the Parental Bonding Instrument assessed parental bonding. All participants were interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for primary screening and to recheck the accuracy of the Brief Symptom Rating Scale item 6 score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A parsimonious model obtained by regression analysis of risk factors indicated that poor academic performance, conduct-related issues in childhood, and exposure to life-threatening situations are risk factors for suicide intention. Maladjusted suicidal soldiers showed a sense of thwarted belongingness (β = 0.145; P < 0.001), higher perceived burdensomeness (β = 0.311; P < 0.001), less fear of death (β = 0.124; P < 0.05), lower paternal autonomy (β = -0.122; P < 0.05), and higher maternal indifference (β = 0.162; P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide, accompanied by an assessment of parental bonding, could be used for assessing suicide risk and preventing suicide attempts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Lingya District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kai-Cheng
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Tri-Service General Hospital Beitou Branch, Beitou, Taipei, Taiwan.|College of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan.|Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Dong-Sheng
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Lingya District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Ching
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D009769:Object Attachment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012917:Social Adjustment; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013624:Taiwan; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adjustment disorder; interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide; parental bonding; suicide