title: Influence of Ionic Liquids on Thermodynamics of Small Molecule-DNA Interaction: The Binding of Ethidium Bromide to Calf Thymus DNA.
abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts with poor ionic coordination, resultantly remaining in liquid state below 100 °C and some may retain liquid state even at room temperature. ILs are known to provide a conducive environment for many biological enzymatic reactions, but their interaction with biomacromolecules are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigate the effect of various ionic liquids on DNA-small molecule interaction using calf thymus DNA (ctDNA)-ethidium bromide (EB) as a model system. The effect of various ionic liquids on these interactions is studied by an array of techniques such as circular dichroism (CD), UV melting, fluorescence exclusion and isothermal titration calorimetry. Interestingly, we observed that presence of IL increased the stability of ctDNA without altering its structure. The binding affinities Kbs for EB binding to ctDNA in the presence of 300 mM ILs are about half order of magnitude smaller than the Kbs in absence of ILs and correspond to a less favorable free energy. We noted that, when adjusted to corresponding buffer condition, the unfavorable shift in ΔG of ctDNA-EB interaction is attributed to decreased entropy in the case of ILs, whereas the same effect by NaCl was due to increased enthalpy.
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology , Mall Road, New Delhi 110 007, India.
authors.forename: Arpit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology , Mall Road, New Delhi 110 007, India.
authors.forename: Mary Krishna
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ekka
authors.affiliation: CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology , Mall Road, New Delhi 110 007, India.|Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India.|CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
authors.forename: Souvik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maiti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004996:Ethidium / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000737:chemistry*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D052578:Ionic Liquids; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D004247:DNA; C427203:calf thymus DNA; D004996:Ethidium