title: Sonographic screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in preterm breech infants: do current guidelines address the specific needs of premature infants?
abstract: To assess the association between gestational age versus corrected age at the time of hip ultrasound with findings for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in preterm breech infants.
  
  
  
  A retrospective medical chart review was conducted to examine hip ultrasounds of 318 premature breech infants for findings associated with DDH.
  
  
  
  Positive findings for DDH occurred in 3/135 (2%) of infants <32 weeks gestational age and 17/183 (9%) of infants 32 to <37 weeks gestational age (odds ratio: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.79, P<0.015). No infants born <32 weeks gestational age had abnormal findings for DDH upon follow-up ultrasound. Infants <40 weeks corrected age at the time of hip ultrasound were more likely to have DDH findings compared with infants ⩾44 weeks corrected age (odds ratio: 7.83, 95% CI: 2.20 to 29.65, P<0.001).
  
  
  
  Current hip ultrasonography policies that include screening of premature breech infants may need to be revised.
authors.affiliation: Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Spinazzola
authors.affiliation: The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohn
authors.affiliation: Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.affiliation: Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Milanaik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001946:Breech Presentation; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006615:Hip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006618:Hip Dislocation, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010808:Physical Examination; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods