title: A Pilot Study of Perceptual-Motor Training for Peripheral Prisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peripheral prisms (p-prisms) shift peripheral portions of the visual field of one eye, providing visual field expansion for patients with hemianopia. However, patients rarely show adaption to the shift, incorrectly localizing objects viewed within the p-prisms. A pilot evaluation of a novel computerized perceptual-motor training program aiming to promote p-prism adaption was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with hemianopia fitted with 57Δ oblique p-prisms completed the training protocol. They attended six 1-hour visits reaching and touching peripheral checkerboard stimuli presented over videos of driving scenes while fixating a central target. Performance was measured at each visit and after 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant reduction in touch error (P= 0.01) for p-prism zone stimuli from pretraining median of 16.6° (IQR 12.1°-19.6°) to 2.7° ( IQR 1.0°-8.5°) at the end of training. P-prism zone reaction times did not change significantly with training (P> 0.05). P-prism zone detection improved significantly (P= 0.01) from a pretraining median 70% (IQR 50%-88%) to 95% at the end of training (IQR 73%-98%). Three months after training improvements had regressed but performance was still better than pretraining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improved pointing accuracy for stimuli detected in prism-expanded vision of patients with hemianopia wearing 57Δ oblique p-prisms is possible and training appears to further improve detection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first use of this novel software to train adaptation of visual direction in patients with hemianopia wearing peripheral prisms.
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Houston
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Alex R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
authors.forename: Xianping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA ; Ophthalmology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Churchill
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wiegand
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soo
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Qu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peli
keywords: Peli Lens; Peripheral Prisms; brain injury; hemianopia or hemianopsia; prism adaptation; stroke