title: Lower prevalence of Entamoeba species in children with vertically transmitted HIV infection in Western Kenya.
abstract: A cross-sectional molecular epidemiological study of Entamoeba species was conducted among asymptomatic Kenyan children with (n = 123) and without (n = 111) HIV infection. The prevalence of E. histolytica was low (0.4%). Entamoeba species infection was inversely related with HIV infection [HIV(+): 29.3% vs.
  55.0%, P < 0.001]: multiple-species infection was related to higher CD4 T-cell counts. Thus, HIV infection is not a risk factor for amebic infection, and multiple-species infection can be an indicator of better immune status.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, JapanbKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyacDepartment of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, JapandJaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisumu, Kenya.*Elizabeth Jemaiyo Matey and Masaharu Tokoro equally contributed to the writing of this article.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Jemaiyo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Matey
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokoro
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagamoto
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Matilda Chelimo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Saina
authors.forename: Xiuqiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Jane A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oyombra
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Okumu
authors.forename: Benard Kibet
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Langat
authors.forename: Willie Kipkemboi
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.forename: Elijah Maritim
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Songok
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichimura
mesh_terms: D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004748:Entamoeba histolytica / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004749:Entamoebiasis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors