title: Evaluation of an Arabic version of the non-motor symptoms scale in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson Disease (PD) are common and can cause severe disability. They are often under-recognized and remain untreated. Tools to evaluate these symptoms in Arabic-speaking patients are still lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate an Arabic version of the non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS) of PD as an instrument for measuring NMS in Arabic-speaking patients. Sixty-two PD patients clustered around Hoehn & Yahr Stages 2-3 were evaluated by the Arabic version of NMSS. They also underwent a battery of standard psychometric assessment measures that included the scales for outcomes of Parkinson's disease-autonomic (SCOPA-AUT), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the Beck depression inventory, the geriatric depression scale (GDS), the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the visual analogical scale for pain(VAS) and the neuro-psychiatric inventory (NPI). The metric properties of the NMSS were studied as well as its correlation with other standard tests evaluating NMS. The mean NMSS score was 82 ± 56 (skewness 0.88). There were highly significant correlations between the NMSS and the SCOPA-AUT as well as the NMSS and PSQI scores. Significant positive correlations between NMSS and GDS, BECK and VAS were also observed. The sleep/fatigue domain significantly correlated with the PSQI, the cardiovascular/urinary/sexual function/gastrointestinal domains significantly correlated with the SCOPA-AUT, the mood/cognition domain significantly correlated with the GDS and BECK findings. The mean Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.87, showing a satisfactory internal consistency. The Arabic version of NMSS can be considered a comprehensive and reliable measure for non-motor symptoms in Arabic-speaking PD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sellami
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Imen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kacem
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasri
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mouna Ben
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Djebara
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sidhom
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gargouri
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UR12SP21, Razi Hospital, 1, rue des Orangers, 2010, Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia. riadh.gouider@gnet.tn.|Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis Elmanar, Tunis, Tunisia. riadh.gouider@gnet.tn.
authors.forename: Riadh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gouider
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014175:Translating; D014416:Tunisia; D064232:Visual Analog Scale
keywords: Non-motor symptoms scale; Parkinson’s disease; Reliability; Validation