title: [Grape seed proanthocyanidins inhibits the invasion and migration of A549 lung cancer cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on the invasion and migration of A549 lung cancer cells and the underlying mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trypan blue dye exclusion assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of varying doses of GSPs on the BEAS-2B normal human pulmonary epithelial cells. After treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μg/mL GSP, the proliferation of A549 cells was detected by MTT assay; the invasion and migration of A549 cells were determined by Transwell(TM) assay and scratch wound assay, respectively. The levels of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), E-cadherin, N-cadherin in A549 cells treated with GSPs were detected by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (0-40) μg/mL GSPs had no significant toxic effect on BEAS-2B cells, while 80 μg/mL GSPs had significant cytotoxicity to BEAS-2B cells. The proliferation of A549 cells was significantly inhibited within limited dosage in a dose-dependent manner, and the abilities of invasion and migration of A549 cells were also inhibited. Western blotting showed that the expression of EGFR and N-cadherin decreased, while E-cadherin increased after GSPs treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSPs could inhibit the abilities of proliferation, invasion and migration of A549 cells, which might be related to the dow-regulation of EGFR and N-cadherin and the up-regulation of E-cadherin.
authors.affiliation: Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yehan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail: yxf1960@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiufeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Basic Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D066246:ErbB Receptors