title: Intensive Exercise Does Not Preferentially Mobilize Skin-Homing T Cells and NK Cells.
abstract: This study investigated whether natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)-a homing molecule for endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule 1, which enables transmigration to the skin-are selectively mobilized in response to acute exercise.
  
  
  
  Nine healthy men (mean ± SD age: 22.1 ± 3.4 yr) completed two exercise sessions: high-intensity continuous cycling ("continuous exercise" at 80% V˙O2max for 20 min) and low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (at 90% V˙O2max 10 × 1 min repetitions with 1 min recovery intervals). Blood was collected before, immediately and 30 min postexercise for cryopreservation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CLA+ and CLA- cells were quantified within NK subpopulations (CD56 "regulatory" and CD56 "cytotoxic" cells) as well as the following CD8+ T cell subpopulations: naive ("NA"; CD45RA+ CCR7+), central memory ("CM"; CD45RA- CCR7+), effector-memory ("EM"; CD45RA- CCR7-), and CD45RA-expressing effector-memory cells ("EMRA"; CD45RA+ CCR7-).
  
  
  
  CLA+ NK cells and CD8+ memory T cells increased in response to both exercise bouts, but, overall, their numerical contribution to the exercise lymphocytosis was inferior to CLA- cells, which increased to a much greater extent during exercise. Tellingly, the most exercise-responsive cells-effector memory CD8+ cells and CD56 cells-were CLA-.
  
  
  
  A small subset of CLA+ lymphocytes are mobilized into blood during acute intensive exercise, but CLA+ cells are not major contributors to exercise lymphocytosis, thus providing preliminary evidence that the skin is not a major origin, or homing destination, of exercise-sensitive lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: 1Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UNITED KINGDOM; 2Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UNITED KINGDOM; 3School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM; 4Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS; 5Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (MIPH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GERMANY; and 6Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Alex J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wadley
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aldred
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Jos A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D000072696:High-Intensity Interval Training; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; C063419:CTAGE1 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins