title: Kroppenstedtia pulmonis sp. nov. and Kroppenstedtia sanguinis sp. nov., isolated from human patients.
abstract: Three human clinical strains (W9323(T), X0209(T) and X0394) isolated from a lung biopsy, blood and cerebral spinal fluid, respectively, were characterised using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the three strains belong to two novel branches within the genus Kroppenstedtia: 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of W9323(T) showed close sequence similarity to Kroppenstedtia eburnea JFMB-ATE(T) (95.3 %), Kroppenstedtia guangzhouensis GD02(T) (94.7 %) and strain X0209(T) (94.6 %); sequence analysis of strain X0209(T) showed close sequence similarity to K. eburnea JFMB-ATE(T) (96.4 %) and K. guangzhouensis GD02(T) (96.0 %). Strains X0209(T) and X0394 were 99.9 % similar to each other by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The DNA-DNA relatedness was 94.6 %, confirming that X0209(T) and X0394 belong to the same species. Chemotaxonomic data for strains W9323(T) and X0209(T) were consistent with those described for the members of the genus Kroppenstedtia: the peptidoglycan was found to contain LL-diaminopimelic acid; the major cellular fatty acids were identified as iso-C15 and anteiso-C15; and the major menaquinone was identified as MK-7. Differences in endospore morphology, carbon source utilisation profiles, and cell wall sugar patterns of strains W9323(T) and X0209(T), supported by phylogenetic analysis, enabled us to conclude that the strains each represent a new species within the genus Kroppenstedtia, for which the names Kroppenstedtia pulmonis sp. nov. (type strain W9323(T) = DSM 45752(T) = CCUG 68107(T)) and Kroppenstedtia sanguinis sp. nov. (type strain X0209(T) = DSM 45749(T) = CCUG 38657(T)) are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Building 17, Room 2209, Mailstop D-11, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA. jqv7@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Melissa E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-5976
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Brent A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Lasker
authors.affiliation: Head of School, School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Klenk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoyles
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spröer
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
authors.forename: June M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000166:cytology; D056509:Thermoactinomyces / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: 16S rRNA gene; Kroppenstedtia pulmonis; Kroppenstedtia sanguinis; Kroppenstedtia species; Polyphasic taxonomy; Thermoactinomycetes