title: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Healthy Skin Specimens Collected from Rural Anyang, China, 2006-2008.
abstract: Skin infections with cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) have been linked to the development of non-melanoma skin cancer, in which mucosal HPV may also play a crucial role. However, systematic investigations of the distribution and associated factors of HPV infection in healthy skin of the general population are scarce. HPV DNA from palmar exfoliated cells of 2,087 individuals was detected by FAP6085/64 and SPF1/GP6+ primers followed by sequencing. A total of 338 papillomavirus types were detected, with HPV-3, HPV-57, and HPV-49 being the most dominant types. The overall prevalence for HPV DNA on skin was 79.92% and for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-HPV were 27.07%, 38.76%, and 29.56%, respectively. Having multiple lifetime sexual partners (adjusted odds ratio 1.60), being a migrant worker (adjusted odds ratio 2.05, reference: farmers), and frequent bathing (Ptrend = 0.001) were associated with alpha-HPV DNA presence. Advancing age increased the detection risk of beta-HPV (Ptrend = 0.001). Higher education (Ptrend = 0.017) and frequent bathing (Ptrend = 0.001) were positively related to gamma-HPV positivity. This study demonstrates that alpha-HPV commonly exists on healthy skin of the general population in rural China, and alpha- and gamma-HPV infections are related to certain behaviors, different from beta-HPV infection. These findings are crucial to better understanding the biology of HPV infection and may be suggestive of the potential transmission of these viruses.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiuju
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yaqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhonghu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mengfei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chanyuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abliz
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhongyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanhai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yongmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ruiping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: keyang@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012424:Rural Population; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral