title: Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Micro-Solid Phase Extraction Using CTAB-Modified Zeolite NaY Sorbent Coupled with HPLC for the Determination of Carbamate Insecticides.
abstract: A vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (VA-D-μ-SPE) based on cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified zeolite NaY was developed for preconcentration of carbamate pesticides in fruits, vegetables, and natural surface water prior to analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. The small amounts of solid sorbent were dispersed in a sample solution, and extraction occurred by adsorption in a short time, which was accelerated by vortex agitation. Finally, the sorbents were filtered from the solution, and the analytes were subsequently desorbed using an appropriate solvent. Parameters affecting the VA-D-μ-SPE performance including sorbent amount, sample volume, desorption solvent ,and vortex time were optimized. Under the optimum condition, linear dynamic ranges were achieved between 0.004-24.000 mg kg(-1) (R(2) > 0.9946). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.004-4.000 mg kg(-1). The applicability of the developed procedure was successfully evaluated by the determination of the carbamate residues in fruits (dragon fruit, rambutan, and watermelon), vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, and cucumber), and natural surface water.
authors.affiliation: Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pawina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salisaeng
authors.affiliation: Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Prapha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arnnok
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Studies for Industrial Technology, Kasetsart University , Bangkok 10900, Thailand.|Department of General Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kasetsart University , Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nopbhasinthu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patdhanagul
authors.affiliation: Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Rodjana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burakham
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002219:Carbamates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry; D017641:Zeolites / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D007306:Insecticides; D017641:Zeolites; D000077286:Cetrimonium
keywords: HPLC; carbamate; dispersive micro-solid phase extraction; surfactant; zeolite