title: Advanced Image Acquisition and Analytical Techniques for Studies of Living Cells and Tissue Sections.
abstract: Studies on fixed samples or genome-wide analyses of nuclear processes are useful for generating snapshots of a cell population at a particular time point. However, these experimental approaches do not provide information at the single-cell level. Genome-wide studies cannot assess variability between individual cells that are cultured in vitro or originate from different pathological stages. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence are fundamental experimental approaches in clinical laboratories and are also widely used in basic research. However, the fixation procedure may generate artifacts and prevents monitoring of the dynamics of nuclear processes. Therefore, live-cell imaging is critical for studying the kinetics of basic nuclear events, such as DNA replication, transcription, splicing, and DNA repair. This review is focused on the advanced microscopy analyses of the cells, with a particular focus on live cells. We note some methodological innovations and new options for microscope systems that can also be used to study tissue sections. Cornerstone methods for the biophysical research of living cells, such as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and fluorescence resonance energy transfer, are also discussed, as are studies on the effects of radiation at the individual cellular level.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suchánková
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sehnalová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krejčí
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Soňa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Legartová
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Stanislav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kozubek
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Večeřa
authors.forename: Dmitry V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Sorokin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics,Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,v.v.i.,Královopolská 135,612 65 Brno,Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bártová
mesh_terms: D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D010336:Pathology / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Live-cell studies; chromatin; fluorescent proteins; microscopy; tissue sections