title: Production of bioactive peptide hydrolysates from deer, sheep, pig and cattle red blood cell fractions using plant and fungal protease preparations.
abstract: Protease preparations from plant (papain and bromelain) and fungal (FP400 and FPII) sources were used to hydrolyze the red blood cell fractions (RBCFs) separated from deer, sheep, pig, and cattle abattoir-sourced blood. After 1, 2, 4 and 24h of hydrolysis, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the peptide hydrolysates obtained were investigated. The increase in trichloroacetic acid-soluble peptides over the hydrolysis period was examined using the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) assay and the hydrolysis profiles were illustrated using SDS-PAGE. Papain generated RBCF hydrolysates exhibited higher ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) compared to those generated with bromelain, FP400 and FPII. At certain concentrations, 24h hydrolysates of RBCF using FP400 and FPII were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicated that the use of proteases from plant or fungal sources can produce animal blood hydrolysates with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Clara S F
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bah
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carne
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sonya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mros
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Electronic address: aladin.bekhit@otago.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Alaa El-Din A
authors.initials: Ael-D
authors.lastname: Bekhit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood; D003670:Deer / Q000097:blood; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
keywords: Animal blood; Antioxidant activity; Fungal protease; Hydrolysis; Plant protease; Red blood cell fraction