title: Infrequent condom use with casual partners among New Zealand gay and bisexual men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify predictors of non-condom use among gay and bisexual men (GBM) in New Zealand with casual male partners.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed anonymous self-completed data from GBM who participated in the communitybased Gay Auckland Periodic Sex Survey (GAPSS) and Internet-based Gay Online Sex Survey (GOSS), undertaken in 2014. Infrequent condom use was defined as not using condoms "always" or "almost always" during anal intercourse in the prior six months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,912 GBM reporting anal intercourse with a casual partner, 27.2% reported infrequent condom use. Being recruited from Internet dating sites, Pacific ethnicity, having over 20 recent male partners, infrequent condom use with a current regular partner, or being HIV-positive were independently predictive of infrequent condom use. Conversely, being older, having a tertiary degree, using a condom at first anal intercourse, being exclusively receptive with a casual partner/s, and seeing condoms promoted through multiple channels predicted frequent condom use. Attitudes to condoms and safe sex were strongly predictive of actual condom use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Social marketing should target the modifiable predictors of condom use, such as attitudes to safe sex. Interventions also need to engage successfully with GBM reporting non-modifiable traits such as HIV-positive GBM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Community Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92109, Auckland. p.saxton@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Saxton
authors.forename: Nigel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Adrian H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ludlam
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000175:diagnosis; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand; D021841:Safe Sex / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D040241:Social Marketing; D061108:Social Media; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult