title: Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization. Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection. The T2generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains. Total β-glucan content was reduced by more than 95.73% in transgenic grains compared with the wild-type control. Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Chenglong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yuqiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jianshu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Zhongbo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Hongwu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, China.
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Muyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D013213:Starch; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases
keywords: (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan; (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase; starch; transgenic barley