title: Identification of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) Escherichia coli in diarrhoeic calves and comparative genomics of O5 bovine and human STEC.
abstract: Escherichia coli producing Shiga toxins (Stx) and the attaching-effacing (AE) lesion (AE-STEC) are responsible for (bloody) diarrhoea in humans and calves while the enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) producing the AE lesion only cause non-bloody diarrhoea in all mammals. The purpose of this study was (i) to identify the pathotypes of enterohaemolysin-producing E. coli isolated between 2009 and 2013 on EHLY agar from less than 2 month-old diarrhoeic calves with a triplex PCR targeting the stx1, stx2, eae virulence genes; (ii) to serotype the positive isolates with PCR targeting the genes coding for ten most frequent and pathogenic human and calf STEC O serogroups; and (iii) to compare the MLSTypes and virulotypes of calf and human O5 AE-STEC after Whole Genome Sequencing using two server databases (www.genomicepidemiology.org). Of 233 isolates, 206 were triplex PCR-positive: 119 AE-STEC (58%), 78 EPEC (38%) and 9 STEC (4%); and the stx1+eae+ AE-STEC (49.5%) were the most frequent. Of them, 120 isolates (84% of AE-STEC, 23% of EPEC, 22% of STEC) tested positive with one O serogroup PCR: 57 for O26 (47.5%), 36 for O111 (30%), 10 for O103 (8%) and 8 for O5 (7%) serogroups. The analysis of the draft sequences of 15 O5 AE-STEC could not identify any difference correlated to the host. As a conclusion, (i) the AE-STEC associated with diarrhoea in young calves still belong to the same serogroups as previously (O5, O26, O111) but the O103 serogroup may be emerging, (ii) the O5 AE-STEC from calves and humans are genetically similar.
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology, Infectious Disease Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fakih
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology, Infectious Disease Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thiry
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology, Infectious Disease Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: J-N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Duprez
authors.affiliation: Association Régionale de Santé et d'Identification Animale (ARSIA), 5590 Ciney, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saulmont
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.affiliation: Dienst Microbiologie en Ziekenhuishygiëne, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piérard
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology, Infectious Disease Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jouant
authors.affiliation: Microbiology, Food Science Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daube
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Microbiology, Food Science Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Taminiau
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology, Infectious Disease Department, Institute for Fundamental and Applied Research in Animal Health (FARAH) and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium. Electronic address: jg.mainil@ulg.ac.be.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mainil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D054308:Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D023281:Genomics; D058507:Host Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D065288:Serogroup; D054323:Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: AE-STEC; Calf diarrhoea; EPEC; O5 serogroup; Whole genome sequencing