title: Unique Assessment of Hand Surgery Knowledge by Specialty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Orthopedic and plastic surgery residents receive unique training yet often compete for similar hand surgery fellowships. This study compared didactic hand surgery training during orthopedic and plastic surgery residency.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Plastic Surgery In-Service Training Exam and Orthopaedic In-Training Examination were analyzed for hand content for the years 2009 to 2013. Topics were categorized with the content outline for the Surgery of the Hand Examination. Differences were elucidated by means of Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative to the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination, the Plastic Surgery In-Service Training Exam had greater hand representation (20.3 percent versus 8.1 percent; p < 0.001) with more annual hand questions (40 ± 3 versus 24 ± 2; p < 0.001). The Plastic Surgery Exam questions had more words, were less often level I-recall type, and were less often image-based. The questions focused more on finger and hand/palm anatomy, whereas the Orthopaedic examination was more wrist-focused. The Plastic Surgery Exam emphasized wound management and muscle/tendon injuries, but underemphasized fractures/dislocations. References differed, but Journal of Hand Surgery (American Volume) and Green's Operative Hand Surgery were common on both examinations. The Plastic Surgery Exam had a greater publication lag for journal references (10.7 ± 0.5 years versus 9.0 ± 0.6; p = 0.035).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in didactic hand surgery training are elucidated for plastic surgery and orthopedic residents. Deficiencies in the Plastic Surgery In-Service Training Exam hand curriculum relative to the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination may underprepare plastic surgeons for the Surgery of the Hand Examination. These data may assist future modifications to hand surgery training in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia, Pa. From the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.forename: Ines C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: L Scott
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000193:education*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000193:education*